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nemo_fw-la menander_n impune_fw-la lacessit_fw-la sero_fw-la sed_fw-la serio_n the_o most_o honorable_n william_n marquis_n of_o lothian_n ten_o lecture_n on_o the_o obligation_n of_o humane_a conscience_n read_v in_o the_o divinity_n school_n at_o oxford_n in_o the_o year_n 1647_o by_o that_o most_o learned_a and_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n doctor_n robert_n sanderson_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n etc._n etc._n translate_v by_o robert_n codrington_n master_n of_o arts._n london_n print_v by_o tho._n leach_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o john_n martin_n james_n alâ—stry_n and_o tho._n dicas_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o bell_n in_o st._n pâ—uls-church_n yâ—rd_n 1660._o several_a case_n of_o conscience_n discuss_v in_o ten_o lecture_n in_o the_o divinity_n school_n at_o oxford_n by_o that_o most_o learned_a and_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n doctor_n robert_n sanderson_n now_o lord_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n london_n print_v by_o tho._n leach_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o 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more_o vehement_o do_v urge_v i_o and_o as_o oft_o in_o like_a case_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v they_o do_v gentle_o chide_v i_o but_o i_o who_o be_v resolve_v to_o be_v obstinate_a stand_v fix_v to_o myself_o for_o whatsoever_o they_o can_v object_v unto_o i_o i_o be_v ready_a always_o to_o answer_v they_o that_o a_o work_n begin_v and_o not_o half_a of_o it_o nor_o the_o three_o part_n of_o it_o peradventure_o hardly_o accomplish_v be_v not_o rash_o to_o be_v communicate_v to_o the_o public_a but_o they_o again_o be_v as_o ready_a to_o reply_v why_o cease_v you_o then_o why_o do_v you_o not_o set_v yourself_o close_o unto_o your_o study_n and_o put_v your_o last_o hand_n unto_o that_o work_n which_o your_o first_o hand_n have_v so_o happy_o begin_v what_o shall_v i_o say_v for_o myself_o in_o this_o case_n i_o be_o ashamed_a to_o confess_v and_o i_o may_v not_o be_v
shall_v be_v examine_v and_o discuss_v at_o this_o time_n the_o first_o doubt_n be_v de_fw-fr materia_fw-la impossibili_fw-la of_o a_o matter_n in_o itself_o impossible_a concern_v which_o i_o say_v in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o no_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v concern_v a_o matter_n altogether_o impossible_a if_o such_o a_o law_n be_v make_v it_o be_v tyrannical_a and_o by_o right_a null_n and_o oblige_v no_o man_n in_o conscience_n the_o first_o reason_n be_v because_o that_o law_n be_v make_v in_o relation_n to_o act_n as_o to_o be_v act_v by_o a_o man_n who_o be_v a_o free_a agent_n now_o liberty_n speak_v a_o power_n unto_o both_o but_o in_o thing_n impossible_a there_o be_v no_o such_o liberty_n of_o power_n as_o by_o itself_o be_v manifest_a second_o no_o man_n by_o right_n can_v be_v oblige_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o that_o the_o omission_n whereof_o can_v be_v impute_v as_o a_o fault_n unto_o he_o nor_o aught_o to_o be_v impute_v to_o he_o for_o punishment_n for_o every_o obligation_n be_v either_o to_o a_o fault_n or_o to_o a_o punishment_n or_o to_o both_o but_o the_o omission_n of_o a_o thing_n impossible_a can_v be_v impute_v to_o any_o man_n for_o a_o fault_n nor_o ought_v it_o to_o be_v impute_v to_o any_o one_o for_o a_o punishment_n ergo_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o that_o there_o be_v no_o obligation_n of_o a_o thing_n impossible_a whether_o it_o be_v impossible_a by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o by_o circumstance_n 12._o praelect_v 2._o sect._n 12._o or_o any_o other_o way_n have_v already_o by_o i_o be_v prove_v in_o my_o treatise_n of_o the_o obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n and_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o repetition_n vii_o i_o say_v in_o the_o second_o place_n a_o law_n which_o be_v possible_a to_o some_o but_o seem_v to_o any_o other_o or_o to_o but_o few_o or_o peradventure_o but_o to_o one_o or_o two_o to_o be_v impossible_a may_v lawful_o be_v make_v if_o it_o be_v useful_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o not_o unless_o there_o be_v some_o extraordinary_a great_a cause_n and_o a_o manifest_a necessity_n do_v require_v it_o but_o be_v make_v it_o do_v oblige_v all_o those_o who_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v it_o but_o not_o those_o who_o can_v keep_v it_o as_o if_o some_o great_a tribute_n be_v command_v for_o the_o necessary_a use_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o the_o payment_n whereof_o some_o of_o the_o subject_n be_v nothing_o so_o able_a as_o other_o those_o who_o be_v so_o poor_a that_o they_o can_v pay_v the_o sum_n which_o the_o law_n lay_v upon_o they_o be_v not_o bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o do_v that_o which_o they_o be_v unable_a to_o perform_v as_o be_v already_o apparent_a by_o the_o proposition_n above_o mention_v nevertheless_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o make_v their_o address_n to_o those_o who_o be_v over_o they_o bernard_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d nazianz._n orat._n 9_o debeone_fw-mi omittere_fw-la quod_fw-la possum_fw-la quoniam_fw-la quod_fw-la debeo_fw-la minime_fw-la possum_fw-la bernard_n and_o open_o and_o sincere_o and_o without_o the_o least_o falsehood_n to_o profess_v the_o slenderness_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o unless_o they_o can_v prevail_v to_o be_v quite_o exempt_v from_o the_o law_n or_o to_o procure_v a_o remission_n of_o some_o part_n of_o the_o sum_n with_o which_o they_o be_v tax_v they_o be_v to_o bring_v into_o the_o public_a as_o great_a a_o part_n of_o it_o as_o possible_o they_o can_v for_o he_o who_o can_v do_v what_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v he_o yet_o ought_v to_o do_v what_o he_o be_v able_a to_o do_v viii_o the_o second_o doubt_n be_v concern_v a_o thing_n command_v by_o the_o law_n not_o impossible_a but_o very_o grievous_a and_o very_o burdensome_a and_o which_o the_o subject_n can_v perform_v without_o great_a inconvenience_n loss_n danger_n of_o life_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o hiâ—_n whole_a estate_n i_o say_v in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o in_o this_o case_n the_o lawgiver_n if_o he_o forsee_v this_o will_v come_v to_o pass_v ought_v to_o use_v some_o caution_n in_o the_o clause_n of_o that_o law_n and_o as_o convenient_o as_o he_o can_v he_o be_v to_o provide_v a_o remedy_n for_o this_o evil_a and_o if_o it_o can_v so_o well_o be_v do_v in_o the_o form_n of_o the_o law_n itself_o leâ—t_o subtle_a and_o deceitful_a knave_n and_o too_o much_o intent_n to_o their_o own_o profit_n may_v thereby_o find_v a_o hole_n to_o escape_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d isae_fw-la â—s_n ap_fw-mi stob._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o so_o elude_v the_o force_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o what_o possible_o in_o he_o lie_v he_o ought_v to_o provide_v that_o in_o the_o execution_n of_o that_o law_n some_o qualification_n may_v be_v have_v leâ—t_v a_o law_n otherwise_o profitable_a and_o necessary_a may_v become_v a_o snâ—re_n or_o a_o detriment_n to_o any_o honest_a man_n i_o say_v in_o the_o second_o place_n that_o the_o subject_a though_o so_o heavy_o tax_v be_v nevertheless_o bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o obey_v that_o law_n although_o with_o the_o ruin_n of_o his_o whole_a estate_n if_o any_o evident_a or_o necessary_a cause_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n do_v so_o require_v for_o example_n suppose_v a_o hostile_a army_n be_v invade_v the_o kingdom_n if_o a_o law_n be_v make_v that_o all_o the_o corn_n in_o the_o field_n for_o some_o mile_n not_o far_o from_o the_o shore_n be_v spoil_v and_o all_o the_o corn_n in_o the_o barn_n or_o ricks_n which_o can_v be_v carry_v away_o be_v burn_v and_o that_o all_o the_o house_n in_o the_o suburb_n be_v pull_v down_o and_o that_o all_o the_o sluice_n thereabouts_o shall_v be_v open_v and_o the_o field_n be_v drown_v every_o citizen_n and_o subject_n be_v direct_o bind_v to_o obey_v this_o law_n and_o cheerful_o and_o willing_o to_o obey_v the_o command_n thereof_o and_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o good_n to_o redeem_v the_o public_a safety_n &_o not_o only_o upon_o that_o account_n that_o his_o country_n be_v betray_v to_o his_o enemy_n by_o his_o unseasonable_a parsimoniousness_n it_o be_v sure_a enough_o that_o every_o private_a person_n will_v be_v sudden_o sensible_a of_o the_o ensue_a calamity_n but_o especial_o out_o of_o the_o conscience_n of_o his_o duty_n because_o that_o every_o good_a man_n be_v to_o prefer_v the_o public_a above_o all_o private_a interest_n i_o say_v in_o the_o three_o place_n that_o a_o subject_a unless_o some_o remarkable_a necessity_n do_v appear_v or_o fear_v of_o public_a danger_n be_v ordinary_o not_o oblige_v to_o obey_v a_o law_n that_o be_v so_o extreme_o burdensome_a as_o to_o bring_v with_o it_o the_o certain_a ruin_n of_o his_o whole_a estate_n or_o the_o imminent_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n but_o he_o be_v bind_v as_o general_o have_v be_v already_o speak_v and_o which_o almost_o in_o all_o case_n i_o will_v have_v you_o to_o observe_v that_o we_o may_v need_v not_o any_o more_o to_o repeat_v it_o to_o you_o to_o make_v not_o the_o least_o resistance_n but_o patient_o to_o endure_v whatsoever_o injury_n or_o contumely_n shall_v be_v bring_v upon_o he_o by_o the_o superior_a power_n ix_o the_o three_o doubt_n be_v concern_v thing_n necessary_a as_o if_o the_o law_n of_o man_n shall_v command_v any_o thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a before_o and_o command_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o forbid_v any_o thing_n which_o be_v before_o unlawful_a and_o prohibit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n what_o be_v the_o obligation_n in_o this_o case_n i_o answer_v brief_o that_o the_o subject_a by_o this_o law_n be_v absolute_o oblige_v for_o first_o the_o obligation_n which_o be_v in_o force_n before_o the_o law_n of_o god_n do_v not_o hinder_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o law_n of_o man_n by_o exclude_v a_o new_a obligation_n for_o a_o man_n by_o many_o bond_n may_v be_v oblige_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o duty_n as_o i_o have_v already_o declare_v in_o the_o former_a lecture_n to_o which_o reason_n we_o may_v also_o add_v another_o which_o be_v that_o oftentimes_o the_o law_n of_o man_n do_v add_v something_o to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n to_o wit_n by_o determine_v the_o act_n as_o to_o the_o substance_n of_o it_o command_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o therefore_o necessary_a as_o to_o the_o manner_n quantity_n or_o some_o other_o circumstanceâ—_n of_o it_o which_o be_v free_a before_o or_o by_o add_v some_o determination_n to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n prohibit_v a_o thing_n unlawful_a as_o to_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o crime_n or_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o punishment_n or_o the_o measure_n of_o it_o or_o other_o thing_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n for_o example_n sake_n it_o be_v by_o divine_a right_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v public_a congregation_n to_o perform_v
in_o a_o threefold_a consideration_n and_o first_o of_o all_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n proper_o so_o call_v and_o the_o chief_a be_v that_o inward_a wordship_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o consist_v in_o the_o exercise_n of_o inward_a virtue_n as_o of_o faith_n hope_n love_n invocation_n confidence_n etc._n etc._n second_o those_o outward_a act_n by_o which_o that_o inward_a worship_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v partly_o express_v and_o partly_o help_v and_o foster_v such_o as_o be_v public_a prayer_n sing_v of_o psalm_n the_o hear_v of_o the_o word_n and_o the_o participation_n of_o the_o sacrament_n etc._n etc._n may_v reducible_o and_o less_o proper_o be_v call_v and_o oftentimes_o be_v call_v the_o worship_n of_o god_n as_o they_o be_v the_o outward_a testimony_n and_o help_n of_o that_o worship_n which_o so_o proper_o be_v call_v three_o see_v it_o be_v impossible_a that_o any_o outward_a action_n especial_o if_o it_o be_v a_o solemn_a one_o shall_v be_v perform_v without_o some_o circumstance_n either_o more_o or_o less_o of_o time_n place_n and_o gesture_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o very_a same_o circumstance_n which_o if_o establish_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n be_v call_v also_o rite_n do_v sometime_o receive_v the_o appellation_n of_o worship_n although_o very_o improper_o and_o only_o for_o that_o concomitancy_n which_o they_o have_v to_o that_o outward_a worship_n which_o itself_o also_o be_v improper_o call_v a_o worship_n it_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v affirm_v that_o the_o inward_a primary_n worship_n &_o proper_o so_o call_v do_v only_o so_o acknowledge_v god_n to_o be_v the_o only_a author_n of_o it_o that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o man_n either_o to_o institute_v a_o new_a worship_n or_o be_v institute_v by_o god_n to_o exhibit_v it_o to_o any_o other_o beside_o god_n himself_o we_o be_v to_o affirm_v also_o that_o the_o outward_a worship_n according_a to_o its_o substantial_o be_v institute_v only_o by_o god_n but_o there_o be_v a_o far_o different_a account_n to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o circumstance_n which_o be_v accessary_a to_o this_o outward_a worship_n and_o those_o which_o do_v accompany_v it_o if_o there_o be_v any_o who_o will_v honour_v they_o also_o with_o the_o name_n of_o worship_n for_o see_v that_o the_o outward_a worship_n of_o god_n can_v be_v perform_v without_o circumstance_n and_o god_n in_o the_o gospel_n have_v not_o give_v any_o certain_a particular_a circumstance_n perpetual_o to_o be_v observe_v in_o sacred_a assembly_n but_o only_o have_v lay_v down_o some_o general_n as_o may_v conduce_v to_o order_n honesty_n and_o edification_n it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o say_a circumstance_n which_o be_v but_o accidental_a to_o the_o worship_n itself_o and_o mutable_a according_a to_o the_o respect_n of_o time_n place_n and_o occasion_n must_v pertain_v unto_o those_o who_o under_o christ_n have_v a_o right_n and_o power_n of_o govern_v the_o church_n which_o that_o they_o may_v be_v impose_v by_o those_o who_o in_o the_o several_a church_n be_v invest_v with_o public_a authority_n and_o be_v impose_v may_v religious_o be_v observe_v by_o all_o the_o member_n of_o the_o say_a church_n the_o nature_n of_o holy_a worship_n do_v not_o forbid_v but_o solemnity_n rather_o &_o decency_n do_v require_v we_o observe_v also_o that_o even_o those_o man_n themselves_o who_o so_o lordly_a &_o bitter_o do_v inveigh_v against_o the_o canon_n and_o ecclesiastical_a constitution_n yet_o as_o often_o as_o they_o please_v do_v use_v those_o rite_n in_o the_o outward_a worship_n of_o god_n no_o where_o prescribe_v by_o christ_n or_o his_o apostle_n as_o the_o lift_n up_o of_o their_o hand_n in_o the_o take_n of_o a_o oath_n the_o uncover_v of_o the_o head_n in_o the_o holy_a convention_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n which_o because_o we_o daily_o observe_v to_o be_v do_v it_o be_v unnecessary_a to_o rehearse_v they_o xxx_o in_o the_o four_o place_n they_o object_n that_o moses_n the_o pattern_n of_o the_o old_a that_o be_v of_o the_o jewish_a church_n who_o be_v give_v by_o god_n to_o the_o people_n of_o the_o jew_n to_o be_v their_o lawgiver_n do_v not_o only_o by_o his_o law_n define_v the_o substantial_o of_o the_o jewish_a worship_n but_o according_a to_o that_o fidelity_n which_o be_v in_o he_o he_o omit_v not_o the_o least_o circumstance_n and_o in_o build_v the_o tabernacle_n which_o be_v to_o be_v a_o type_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n he_o most_o complete_o and_o perfect_o finish_v all_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o example_n which_o be_v propound_v to_o he_o in_o the_o mount_n and_o now_o if_o christ_n the-lawgiver_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n shall_v not_o have_v prescribe_v all_o thing_n and_o every_o thing_n even_o to_o the_o least_o circumstance_n which_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a worship_n it_o may_v just_o be_v believe_v to_o suspect_v which_o be_v near_o to_o blasphemy_n that_o he_o be_v less_o faithful_a in_o the_o house_n of_o god_n than_o moses_n and_o thereupon_o there_o be_v a_o remarkable_a injury_n and_o contumely_n do_v unto_o christ_n if_o any_o new_a rite_n never_o institute_v by_o he_o shall_v by_o humane_a authority_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o church_n or_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o christian_a common_a people_n but_o they_o who_o do_v object_v these_o thing_n aught_o in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o have_v consider_v that_o by_o this_o argument_n all_o humane_a political_a law_n be_v no_o less_o evert_v than_o eclesiastical_a for_o moses_n by_o the_o commandment_n of_o god_n do_v give_v unto_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n a_o certain_a and_o a_o define_v law_n not_o only_o of_o those_o rite_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n but_o also_o of_o those_o decree_n and_o judgement_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o administration_n of_o civil_a government_n xxxi_o in_o the_o second_o place_n it_o be_v a_o wonder_n moreover_o that_o they_o observe_v not_o that_o by_o this_o comparison_n of_o that_o fidelity_n which_o be_v in_o both_o lawgiver_n moses_n and_o christ_n that_o they_o can_v not_o more_o importunate_o have_v allege_v any_o thing_n that_o can_v bring_v a_o great_a damage_n to_o their_o own_o cause_n or_o more_o strong_o have_v confirm_v we_o for_o as_o from_o that_o that_o moses_n both_o in_o ritual_n and_o judicial_n do_v give_v many_o law_n unto_o the_o people_n of_o the_o jew_n we_o do_v true_o collect_v it_o be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n that_o the_o people_n of_o the_o jew_n shall_v be_v so_o restrain_v in_o their_o duty_n under_o that_o pedagogy_n and_o mosaic_a discipline_n as_o under_o a_o yoke_n of_o servitude_n so_o that_o very_o few_o thing_n shall_v be_v free_a unto_o they_o so_o from_o that_o also_o that_o christ_n the_o most_o faithful_a interpreter_n of_o his_o father_n will_n do_v give_v unto_o the_o christian_a church_n but_o a_o very_a few_o law_n of_o ceremony_n we_o do_v true_o collect_v that_o it_o be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n that_o the_o magistrate_n and_o christian_a people_n shall_v be_v permit_v in_o those_o thing_n to_o their_o own_o liberty_n so_o that_o it_o be_v now_o free_a for_o any_o private_a man_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n no_o command_n or_o prohibition_n of_o a_o superior_a intervening_a to_o do_v as_o shall_v seem_v in_o his_o own_o judgement_n to_o be_v most_o expedient_a and_o to_o the_o several_a church_n and_o their_o governor_n to_o prescribe_v those_o thing_n which_o according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o time_n and_o place_n shall_v seem_v to_o they_o to_o be_v most_o subservient_fw-fr to_o order_n honesty_n edification_n and_o peace_n xxxii_o moreover_o those_o who_o do_v make_v use_n of_o this_o argument_n aught_o in_o the_o three_o place_n to_o have_v consider_v that_o under_o that_o pedagogy_n of_o moses_n the_o jew_n themselves_o have_v not_o all_o the_o liberty_n of_o rite_n in_o thing_n pertain_v to_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n so_o take_v away_o that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o they_o by_o their_o own_o authority_n to_o observe_v and_o to_o institute_v those_o thing_n which_o it_o be_v manifest_a be_v never_o command_v either_o by_o god_n himself_o or_o by_o moses_n his_o servant_n of_o many_o take_v these_o few_o instance_n first_o the_o solemn_a feast_n of_o the_o passover_n which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n be_v command_v shall_v be_v observe_v but_o seven_o day_n be_v by_o a_o special_a law_n of_o hezekias_n who_o receive_v a_o singular_a testimony_n of_o his_o piety_n from_o god_n himself_o and_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n continue_v seven_o day_n long_o the_o history_n be_v extant_a 2._o chron._n 30._o second_o esther_n and_o mordecay_n do_v institute_v that_o the_o seast_z of_o purim_n shall_v be_v yearly_o celebrate_v in_o memory_n of_o
intention_n but_o unprofitable_a to_o the_o public_a nay_o in_o some_o sense_n obnoxious_a yet_o the_o subject_n be_v bind_v to_o obey_v it_o provide_v it_o be_v make_v by_o just_a authority_n and_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o law_n or_o the_o thing_n command_v be_v such_o that_o it_o may_v be_v do_v without_o sin_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v careful_a and_o diligent_a in_o the_o performance_n of_o that_o which_o belong_v to_o his_o own_o part_n 5._o gal._n 6._o 5._o and_o not_o too_o scrupulous_a of_o what_o concern_v another_o for_o every_o man_n shall_v bear_v his_o own_o burden_n if_o a_o lawgiver_n shall_v be_v want_v in_o his_o duty_n what_o be_v that_o to_o you_o do_v you_o perform_v your_o office_n howsoever_o as_o for_o his_o intention_n whether_o they_o be_v right_a or_o not_o let_v himself_o look_v to_o it_o for_o he_o must_v give_v to_o god_n a_o account_n of_o all_o his_o action_n and_o intention_n and_o do_v you_o look_v to_o yourself_o for_o if_o you_o shall_v refuse_v to_o obey_v he_o you_o shall_v give_v to_o the_o same_o god_n a_o account_n of_o your_o disobedience_n xii_o the_o four_o doubt_n of_o the_o change_a of_o law_n if_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v unprofitable_a or_o obnoxious_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n whether_o and_o how_o far_o the_o change_n of_o they_o be_v either_o to_o be_v attempt_v by_o the_o prince_n or_o to_o be_v require_v and_o urge_v by_o the_o people_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o doubt_n in_o one_o respect_n be_v because_o in_o a_o body_n civil_a as_o in_o a_o body_n natural_a every_o change_n especial_o if_o it_o be_v sudden_a and_o great_a be_v dangerous_a and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n because_o it_o concern_v the_o commonwealth_n that_o the_o law_n be_v accommodate_v to_o the_o time_n and_o custom_n 128._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aristot_n 4._o phys_n text_n 128._o and_o if_o the_o one_o do_v change_v that_o the_o other_o be_v change_v with_o they_o for_o answer_v to_o this_o i_o say_v in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o law_n may_v be_v change_v yea_o and_o sometime_o that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v change_v for_o they_o have_v heretofore_o be_v change_v with_o great_a profit_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n therefore_o they_o may_v now_o be_v change_v again_o and_o may_v be_v so_o in_o all_o future_a time_n if_o occasion_n shall_v require_v &_o it_o shall_v be_v find_v profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o why_o may_v not_o that_o be_v lawful_a to_o be_v do_v again_o which_o have_v be_v lawful_a heretofore_o there_o be_v every_o day_n new_a emergency_n new_a inconvenience_n new_a evil_n and_o if_o there_o be_v not_o new_a law_n make_v to_o redress_v they_o there_o will_v be_v no_o remedy_n 2._o arist_n 2._o and_o all_o man_n say_v aristotle_n seek_v not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 8._o polit._n 8._o and_o if_o heretofore_o it_o be_v expedient_a that_o a_o law_n shall_v be_v make_v because_o it_o be_v profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n it_o be_v find_v afterward_o by_o the_o change_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o time_n and_o manner_n to_o become_v unprofitable_a why_o be_v it_o not_o expedient_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v away_o again_o xiii_o i_o say_v in_o the_o second_o place_n that_o the_o change_n of_o particular_a law_n be_v not_o without_o danger_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v attempt_v unless_o it_o be_v upon_o some_o great_a and_o urgent_a necessity_n aristotle_n acute_o and_o brief_o as_o his_o custom_n be_v produce_v divers_a reason_n 2._o poli._n 8._o these_o three_o be_v the_o chief_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d these_o often_o change_n do_v very_o much_o derogate_v from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o lawgiver_n as_o we_o conceive_v that_o person_n to_o be_v of_o a_o very_a slender_a and_o weak_a judgement_n who_o for_o no_o sound_n or_o evident_a reason_n be_v easy_o enduce_v to_o change_v his_o opinion_n second_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o make_v the_o people_n wanton_a and_o petulant_a this_o be_v true_a enough_o we_o not_o long_o since_o have_v have_v the_o experience_n of_o it_o and_o apt_a to_o fly_v at_o any_o thing_n if_o they_o shall_v find_v their_o lawgiver_n easy_a on_o this_o account_n and_o depart_v from_o his_o own_o right_a to_o humour_v the_o vote_n and_o unsatisfy_a desire_n of_o the_o people_n therefore_o the_o chief_a philosopher_n most_o grave_o and_o deserve_o do_v reprove_v the_o law_n of_o hippodamus_n a_o lawmaker_n of_o miletum_n viz._n that_o whosoever_o have_v discover_v or_o find_v out_o something_o profitable_a to_o the_o city_n shall_v be_v recompense_v for_o his_o good_a service_n with_o a_o public_a reward_n this_o law_n be_v specious_a enough_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n and_o plausible_a to_o the_o people_n but_o look_v thorough_o into_o it_o and_o you_o will_v find_v nothing_o in_o it_o either_o of_o prudence_n or_o safety_n or_o advantage_n for_o what_o can_v be_v find_v more_o dangerous_a to_o disturb_v the_o public_a peace_n than_o that_o factious_a man_n and_o of_o a_o turbulent_a and_o cunning_a spirit_n under_o the_o shadow_n of_o a_o public_a good_a shall_v not_o only_o occasion_v the_o subversion_n of_o the_o law_n but_o also_o call_v in_o question_n the_o form_n of_o the_o whole_a civil_a government_n and_o obtrude_v unto_o the_o state_n a_o new_a idea_n of_o government_n according_a to_o the_o humour_n of_o their_o own_o invention_n do_v you_o hear_v i_o beseech_v you_o a_o philosopher_n famous_a in_o his_o time_n or_o rather_o a_o prophet_n and_o a_o foreteller_n of_o the_o manner_n and_o the_o time_n in_o which_o now_o we_o live_v 2._o grauâ—ora_fw-la inserre_fw-la vulnera_fw-la dum_fw-la minoâ—â—bus_fw-la medeâ—i_fw-la defy_v amus_fw-la ambros_n 2._o oâ—sic_n 2._o three_o the_o innovation_n of_o law_n be_v ordain_v for_o the_o remove_n of_o some_o present_a inconvenience_n and_o be_v it_o may_v come_v to_o pass_v and_o oftentimes_o it_o do_v so_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o from_o this_o sudden_a immutation_n many_o and_o more_o grievous_a inconvenience_n may_v arise_v though_o not_o peradventure_o at_o the_o first_o discover_v the_o most_o grave_a philosopher_n do_v judge_v it_o to_o be_v far_o safe_a to_o tolerate_v &_o endure_v some_o inconvenience_n and_o those_o not_o slight_a one_o neither_o in_o a_o common_a wealth_n which_o may_v be_v avouch_v of_o the_o church_n also_o which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n than_o in_o pretence_n of_o reformation_n either_o ecclesiastical_a or_o political_a to_o cancel_v old_a law_n &_o statute_n &_o turn_v all_o thing_n upside_o down_o of_o a_o far_a different_a judgement_n to_o those_o of_o our_o time_n be_v the_o wise_a man_n of_o former_a age_n who_o rule_n &_o principle_n be_v as_o be_v here_o these_o follow_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d malum_fw-la benè_fw-la positum_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la movendum_fw-la imperiti_fw-la medici_fw-la est_fw-la pejus_fw-la malo_fw-la remedium_fw-la adhibere_fw-la a_o evil_a well_o place_v be_v not_o to_o be_v remove_v it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o unskilful_a physician_n to_o apply_v a_o remedy_n worse_o than_o the_o disease_n fourteen_o i_o say_v in_o the_o three_o place_n that_o although_o the_o change_n of_o law_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v necessary_a by_o reason_n of_o some_o great_a and_o evident_a cause_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v attempt_v by_o the_o people_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o prince_n but_o modest_o they_o be_v to_o crave_v and_o patient_o to_o expect_v it_o of_o he_o and_o this_o may_v apt_o be_v collect_v from_o the_o analogy_n of_o the_o head_n and_o the_o member_n for_o how_o like_o a_o monster_n be_v it_o and_o destructive_a to_o the_o whole_a body_n if_o the_o arm_n the_o breast_n or_o the_o foot_n shall_v assume_v unto_o themselves_o the_o office_n of_o the_o head_n this_o be_v abundant_o enough_o demonstrate_v in_o those_o thing_n which_o not_o long_o since_o we_o declare_v to_o you_o when_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o law_n viz._n that_o the_o principal_a act_n of_o jurisdiction_n can_v be_v exercise_v but_o by_o he_o only_o who_o be_v the_o head_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o whole_a commonalty_n therefore_o the_o constitution_n the_o abrogation_n and_o any_o immutation_n of_o law_n whatsoever_o which_o be_v all_o of_o they_o the_o principal_a act_n of_o the_o chief_a jurisdiction_n can_v pertain_v unto_o the_o people_n unless_o where_o the_o people_n be_v prince_n as_o in_o a_o state_n democratical_a but_o to_o he_o only_o who_o do_v exercise_v a_o sovereignty_n of_o dominion_n over_o the_o whole_a commonalty_n in_o a_o state_n monarchical_a and_o who_o have_v the_o undoubted_a power_n of_o a_o transcendent_a command_n by_o himself_o in_o a_o business_n of_o so_o great_a a_o importance_n the_o duty_n of_o the_o people_n be_v these_o
any_o good_a end_n viii_o moreover_o it_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o sin_n to_o produce_v of_o itself_o any_o good_a effect_n as_o a_o evil_a tree_n can_v bring_v forth_o good_a fruit_n 18._o mat_n 7._o 18._o nor_o darkness_n produce_v light_n of_o itself_o 6._o 2_o cor._n 4._o 6._o but_o the_o same_o great_a and_o glorious_a god_n who_o out_o of_o his_o omnipotence_n bring_v forth_o light_a out_o of_o darkness_n can_v also_o out_o of_o our_o sin_n take_v a_o occasion_n to_o illustrate_v his_o infinite_a wisdom_n his_o righteousness_n and_o his_o goodness_n but_o these_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o divine_a power_n as_o of_o a_o cause_n work_v proper_o and_o of_o itself_o to_o the_o production_n whereof_o there_o need_v no_o assistance_n nor_o strength_n from_o our_o sin_n which_o as_o to_o those_o effect_n be_v but_o mere_o contingent_a and_o but_o by_o accident_n those_o word_n therefore_o of_o david_n psalm_n 5._o which_o st._n paul_n allege_v rom._n 3._o 4._o i_o have_v sin_v against_o thou_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o thou_o may_v be_v justify_v when_o thou_o speak_v be_v not_o so_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o david_n for_o that_o end_n commit_v murder_n and_o adultery_n or_o that_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o he_o so_o to_o do_v that_o god_n may_v be_v justify_v in_o his_o word_n but_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o some_o other_o greek_a particle_n of_o the_o same_o signification_n in_o many_o place_n of_o scripture_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v according_a to_o the_o interpretation_n of_o st._n chrysostome_n not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o denote_v and_o infer_v the_o event_n only_o and_o not_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o thing_n for_o as_o he_o who_o be_v in_o a_o serious_a argumentation_n can_v infer_v a_o true_a conclusion_n from_o the_o false_a praemise_n which_o before_o be_v grant_v by_o another_o and_o yet_o the_o same_o disputant_n will_v show_v himself_o ridiculous_a if_o to_o prove_v a_o true_a conclusion_n shall_v willing_o make_v use_n of_o some_o false_a assumption_n for_o truth_n do_v not_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o patronage_n of_o falsehood_n so_o almighty_a god_n and_o we_o also_o in_o some_o respect_n may_v do_v the_o like_a can_v dispose_v of_o thing_n that_o be_v ill_o do_v into_o good_a but_o it_o be_v neither_o congruous_a to_o the_o divine_a justice_n and_o goodness_n neither_o be_v it_o any_o way_n lawful_a for_o we_o to_o will_v and_o to_o do_v evil_a that_o good_a may_v come_v thereby_o ix_o the_o three_o argument_n be_v take_v a_o naturâ_fw-la boni_fw-la actus_fw-la from_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o good_a act_n to_o the_o compliment_n whereof_o the_o concourse_n of_o all_o requisite_a condition_n be_v so_o necessary_a that_o if_o one_o be_v but_o absent_a among_o so_o many_o of_o they_o although_o all_o the_o other_o be_v present_a and_o subservient_fw-fr yet_o that_o act_n shall_v not_o be_v moral_o good_a most_o remarkable_a be_v that_o axiom_n bonum_fw-la ex_fw-la causa_fw-la integra_fw-la malum_fw-la ex_fw-la quolibet_fw-la defectu_fw-la good_a proceed_v from_o a_o upright_a and_o a_o entire_a cause_n but_o evil_a from_o any_o defect_n and_o it_o be_v beside_o manifest_a in_o all_o kind_n of_o thing_n that_o there_o be_v more_o require_v to_o raise_v up_o than_o to_o throw_v down_o or_o to_o destroy_v the_o defect_n of_o a_o good_a intention_n be_v enough_o to_o prove_v any_o action_n evil_a for_o that_o the_o end_n whereof_o be_v evil_a must_v of_o necessity_n be_v evil_a itself_o but_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a that_o a_o good_a end_n or_o a_o good_a intention_n shall_v prove_v the_o action_n good_a unless_o all_o the_o other_o requisite_a condition_n be_v conjoin_v now_o that_o any_o action_n whether_o the_o internal_a of_o the_o will_n or_o the_o external_a of_o the_o work_n may_v approve_v themselves_o to_o be_v good_a we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o there_o be_v three_o distinct_a goodness_n viz._n the_o goodness_n of_o the_o object_n the_o goodness_n of_o the_o end_n and_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o circumstance_n the_o quality_n of_o every_o act_n do_v first_o of_o all_o and_o principal_o depend_v on_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o object_n or_o of_o the_o matter_n about_o which_o it_o be_v conversant_a so_o that_o from_o thence_o every_o act_n may_v indefinite_o and_o according_a to_o the_o whole_a species_n of_o it_o be_v denominate_v either_o good_a or_o evil_n in_o this_o respect_n we_o affirm_v that_o theft_n and_o adultery_n be_v evil_a in_o the_o whole_a species_n of_o they_o and_o that_o prayer_n and_o the_o give_v of_o alm_n be_v good_a in_o all_o their_o several_a respect_n and_o the_o acceptation_n of_o they_o but_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o thing_n which_o in_o themselves_o be_v simple_o evil_a be_v so_o evil_a that_o neither_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o end_n although_o good_a nor_o yet_o on_o the_o account_n of_o their_o circumstance_n although_o never_o so_o promise_v they_o can_v ever_o be_v make_v true_o good_a but_o thing_n which_o be_v good_a in_o their_o own_o nature_n may_v yet_o be_v so_o corrupt_v by_o the_o end_n or_o by_o undue_a circumstance_n that_o they_o may_v leave_v off_o to_o be_v good_a and_o become_v evil_a the_o pravity_n therefore_o of_o the_o object_n be_v presuppose_v we_o be_v altogether_o to_o abstain_v from_o the_o act_n of_o theft_n or_o of_o adultery_n as_o be_v simple_o evil_a in_o themselves_o but_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o object_n be_v presuppose_v it_o be_v not_o safe_a for_o any_o one_o at_o the_o first_o either_o to_o undertake_v to_o do_v it_o or_o to_o approve_v it_o be_v do_v unless_o he_o have_v diligent_o weigh_v before_o hand_n the_o end_n to_o which_o it_o be_v direct_v and_o the_o several_a circumstance_n with_o which_o it_o be_v attend_v and_o clothe_v in_o these_o thing_n therefore_o in_o which_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o act_n do_v depend_v on_o the_o end_n and_o that_o the_o end_n do_v discriminate_a and_o crown_v the_o action_n they_o may_v be_v say_v so_o for_o to_o be_v true_a if_o the_o act_n be_v good_a in_o consideration_n to_o the_o object_n or_o the_o matter_n or_o at_o the_o last_o if_o they_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n and_o indifferent_a but_o not_o if_o they_o be_v evil_a for_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o object_n be_v suppose_v the_o act_n do_v chief_o take_v its_o goodness_n or_o its_o evilnesse_n from_o the_o end_n for_o example_n sake_n the_o act_n of_o give_v a_o poor_a man_n a_o alm_n though_o it_o be_v a_o good_a act_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n or_o the_o object_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v do_v for_o vainglory_n it_o be_v moral_o a_o evil_a act_n because_o it_o be_v not_o ordinate_v to_o a_o good_a end_n the_o same_o act_n if_o it_o be_v to_o relieve_v the_o necessity_n of_o a_o neighbour_n be_v a_o act_n so_o far_o good_a that_o it_o have_v a_o lawful_a matter_n and_o a_o right_a intention_n and_o so_o partake_v of_o both_o the_o goodness_n above_o mention_v to_o wit_n of_o the_o object_n and_o the_o end_n but_o it_o can_v yet_o be_v affirm_v to_o be_v simple_o good_a unless_o it_o be_v moreover_o due_o circumstance_v for_o to_o this_o compliment_n of_o a_o good_a work_n beside_o that_o goodness_n of_o the_o object_n and_o the_o end_n there_o be_v require_v the_o goodness_n of_o circumstance_n and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o common_o it_o be_v speak_v that_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o act_n do_v depend_v upon_o its_o circumstance_n not_o primary_o and_o principal_o but_o ultimate_o and_o for_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o it_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o object_n and_o the_o end_n be_v first_o lay_v down_o see_v therefore_o these_o three_o thing_n be_v require_v to_o the_o goodness_n of_o every_o moral_a act_n and_o they_o be_v all_o to_o be_v conjoin_v to_o wit_n the_o matter_n lawful_a the_o intention_n right_a and_o the_o circumstance_n due_a it_o be_v most_o manifest_a that_o a_o right_a intention_n can_v alone_o suffice_v by_o itself_o and_o by_o consequent_a that_o nothing_o can_v be_v perform_v out_o of_o a_o good_a conscience_n whatsoever_o the_o intention_n be_v that_o be_v either_o unlawful_a in_o the_o object_n or_o defective_a in_o the_o circumstance_n x._o but_o some_o there_o be_v who_o peradventure_o will_v object_v unto_o this_o those_o word_n of_o our_o saviour_n mat._n 6._o 22._o if_o thy_o eye_n be_v single_a thy_o whole_a body_n shall_v be_v full_a of_o light_n but_o if_o thy_o eye_n be_v evil_a thy_o whole_a body_n shall_v be_v full_a of_o darkness_n where_o if_o the_o intention_n be_v undesstood_v by_o the_o eye_n which_o be_v the_o judgement_n of_o almost_o all_o the_o interpreter_n upon_o
the_o duty_n of_o divine_a worship_n but_o at_o what_o hour_n the_o people_n shall_v meet_v and_o in_o what_o place_n what_o form_n of_o word_n be_v to_o be_v use_v and_o what_o must_v be_v the_o gesture_n of_o the_o body_n the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o service_n and_o other_o thing_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n be_v all_o of_o they_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o humane_a constitution_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o law_n of_o god_n forbid_v theft_n to_o be_v commit_v but_o what_o kind_n of_o theft_n be_v to_o be_v animadvertise_v against_o with_o such_o a_o punishment_n and_o what_o with_o another_o punishment_n be_v from_o the_o law_n of_o man_n from_o this_o determination_n of_o a_o general_a thing_n and_o undetermined_a by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o law_n of_o man_n have_v this_o privilege_n that_o it_o can_v induce_v a_o new_a obligation_n on_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o subject_a not_o only_o different_a from_o the_o first_o obligation_n in_o number_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o term_n because_o it_o be_v of_o another_o dependency_n but_o also_o diverse_a in_o the_o species_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n because_o it_o be_v exercise_v on_o another_o object_n for_o the_o first_o obligation_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n be_v to_o the_o thing_n itself_o as_o it_o be_v a_o substance_n but_o this_o obligation_n which_o the_o law_n of_o man_n do_v super-induce_a be_v to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o to_o the_o circumstance_n of_o it_o x._o the_o four_o doubt_n be_v of_o a_o thing_n that_o be_v foul_a and_o unlawful_a which_o be_v indeed_o a_o doubt_n of_o great_a moment_n and_o contain_v many_o case_n for_o almost_o all_o the_o condition_n which_o be_v require_v to_o the_o right_a constitution_n of_o law_n 3_o law_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aristot_n 5._o ethic._n 3_o be_v reduce_v to_o justice_n alone_o and_o not_o only_o for_o that_o reason_n that_o universal_a justice_n do_v in_o her_o circle_n comprehend_v all_o virtue_n but_o especial_o for_o this_o reason_n that_o particular_a justice_n and_o more_o specifical_o that_o justice_n which_o be_v call_v legal_a justice_n be_v above_o all_o other_o virtue_n the_o chief_a and_o the_o only_a pillar_n of_o commonwealth_n and_o all_o humane_a society_n concern_v this_o doubt_n in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v question_v whether_o a_o unjust_a law_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o public_a profit_n of_o which_o opinion_n be_v nicho._n machiavelli_n who_o affirm_v that_o the_o due_a matter_n of_o law_n whether_o just_a or_o unjust_a be_v that_o which_o be_v most_o commodious_a for_o the_o preserve_n &_o the_o increase_n of_o a_o politic_a state_n for_o when_o in_o his_o opinion_n the_o end_n of_o civil_a power_n be_v the_o preservation_n of_o itself_o and_o the_o increase_n of_o sovereignty_n which_o power_n can_v vigorous_o be_v preserve_v much_o less_o the_o sovereignty_n enlarge_v if_o all_o the_o law_n and_o council_n of_o prince_n be_v examine_v according_a to_o the_o exact_a rule_n of_o justice_n and_o honesty_n it_o concern_v those_o who_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n so_o to_o bend_v as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v the_o rule_n of_o honesty_n as_o to_o make_v it_o subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o public_a advantage_n for_o the_o end_n in_o all_o thing_n be_v to_o know_v how_o best_o to_o measure_v those_o thing_n that_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n what_o so_o ever_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o machiavelli_n this_o be_v certain_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o personage_n of_o great_a account_n among_o the_o lacaedemonian_o who_o open_o pronounce_v that_o be_v most_o honest_a to_o the_o spartan_n which_o be_v most_o profitable_a to_o they_o to_o confirm_v this_o opinion_n that_o of_o horace_n be_v allege_v ipsa_fw-la utilitas_fw-la justi_fw-la propè_fw-la mater_fw-la et_fw-la aequi_fw-la 3._o hor._n 1_o â—aâ—yr_n 3._o profit_n almost_o the_o very_a mother_n of_o justice_n and_o equity_n and_o how_o thrive_v a_o principle_n this_o be_v may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o example_n and_o success_n of_o the_o turk_n who_o rely_v on_o this_o foundation_n most_o happy_o have_v far_o and_o near_o extend_v the_o bound_n of_o their_o empire_n throughout_o asia_n africa_n and_o europe_n and_o to_o speak_v the_o truth_n have_v not_o some_o man_n who_o above_o all_o other_o do_v profess_v themselves_o to_o be_v christian_n nay_o the_o only_a christian_n and_o delight_n to_o be_v call_v the_o reformer_n and_o the_o restorer_n oâ—_n the_o pure_a religion_n make_v a_o great_a use_n of_o this_o most_o wicked_a principle_n the_o christian_a world_n have_v not_o every_o where_o groan_v under_o so_o many_o sacrilege_n perjury_n sedition_n war_n tumult_n and_o tyranny_n xi_o but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n prince_n on_o earth_n ought_v not_o to_o abuse_v that_o power_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v from_o god_n against_o his_o will_n or_o otherwise_o than_o he_o intend_v for_o this_o power_n be_v not_o give_v they_o so_o much_o as_o to_o lord_n as_o it_o be_v entrust_v to_o they_o by_o god_n as_o his_o minister_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d rom._n 13._o 4_o 6._o it_o be_v entrust_v to_o they_o upon_o that_o account_n that_o they_o shall_v work_v righteousness_n and_o not_o exercise_v tyranny_n and_o a_o unjust_a domination_n and_o this_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o text_n by_o i_o king_n reign_v and_o prince_n decree_v just_a thing_n as_o if_o to_o reign_v and_o true_o to_o be_v a_o prince_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o decree_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v just_a and_o righteous_a and_o the_o prophet_n do_v every_o where_o denounce_v the_o most_o severe_a anger_n 1._o esai_n 10._o 1._o and_o vengeance_n of_o god_n against_o those_o king_n &_o prince_n who_o have_v decree_v unjust_a judgement_n 20._o psal_n 94._o 20._o and_o have_v meditate_a iniquity_n as_o a_o law_n neither_o be_v the_o enlargement_n of_o empire_n the_o â—nd_n of_o civil_a power_n as_o the_o politician_n of_o this_o world_n do_v affirm_v but_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o people_n in_o tranquillity_n and_o peace_n with_o all_o godliness_n and_o honesty_n 1_o tim._n 2._o 2._o for_o justice_n if_o there_o be_v any_o other_o be_v the_o best_a preserver_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o as_o the_o righteousness_n of_o faith_n do_v procure_v and_o conserve_v the_o inward_a peace_n of_o the_o conscience_n so_o legal_a justice_n do_v preserve_v the_o outward_a peace_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n 17._o esai_n 32._o 17._o the_o fruit_n of_o justice_n say_v the_o prophet_n pindaâ—_n pindaâ—_n shall_v be_v peace_n and_o the_o theban_a poet_n call_v quietness_n the_o daughter_n of_o justice_n neither_o be_v that_o the_o meaning_n of_o horace_n as_o if_o honesty_n be_v mere_o to_o be_v measure_v by_o profit_n the_o scope_n of_o his_o sense_n be_v far_o otherwise_o to_o wit_n that_o man_n wild_a at_o first_o and_o wander_v by_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o public_a profit_n and_o the_o common_a good_a be_v bring_v at_o the_o last_o to_o draw_v together_o into_o one_o body_n and_o maintain_v society_n and_o by_o just_a law_n and_o punishment_n to_o restrain_v injury_n and_o wickedness_n the_o argument_n draw_v from_o the_o turk_n who_o it_o appear_v that_o god_n especial_o have_v raise_v up_o and_o make_v they_o as_o his_o scourge_n to_o correct_v the_o great_a perfidiousness_n and_o other_o sin_n of_o the_o christian_n or_o from_o any_o other_o to_o maintain_v a_o bad_a cause_n by_o the_o prosperous_a success_n that_o do_v attend_v it_o do_v favour_n rather_o of_o the_o alcoran_n of_o some_o abominable_a miscreant_n than_o of_o the_o purity_n of_o the_o gospel_n of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n xii_o the_o second_o question_n be_v whether_o a_o unjust_a law_n though_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v make_v yet_o be_v make_v may_v oblige_v the_o conscience_n of_o the_o subject_a so_o far_o as_o to_o be_v bind_v to_o observe_v it_o for_o many_o thing_n there_o be_v which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v do_v yet_o be_v do_v be_v valid_a and_o it_o may_v so_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o what_o can_v not_o without_o sin_n be_v command_v yet_o without_o sin_n may_v be_v perform_v as_o abundant_o we_o have_v confirm_v in_o our_o foregoing_a lecture_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o doubt_n be_v because_o that_o true_a obedience_n be_v no_o disputresse_n for_o the_o practice_n of_o obedience_n do_v proper_o consist_v in_o this_o to_o subject_a one_o self_n to_o the_o will_n of_o another_o without_o the_o least_o murmur_n or_o dispute_v nimis_fw-la delicata_fw-la est_fw-la obedientia_fw-la say_v bernard_n quae_fw-la transit_fw-la in_o genus_fw-la causae_fw-la deliberativum_fw-la that_o obedience_n be_v too_o delicate_a when_o it_o come_v once_o to_o be_v so_o deliberate_a as_o to_o inquire_v after_o the_o cause_n thereof_o but_o i_o answer_v brief_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o
oblige_v to_o the_o punishment_n i_o mean_v a_o temporal_a punishment_n for_o the_o account_n be_v far_o otherwise_o of_o the_o spiritual_a and_o eternal_a punishment_n for_o example_n sake_n suppose_v a_o man_n have_v commit_v a_o fault_n as_o he_o have_v tell_v a_o lie_n or_o betray_v the_o secret_n of_o his_o friend_n or_o have_v private_o detract_v from_o the_o good_a name_n of_o his_o neighbour_n for_o which_o the_o law_n of_o man_n do_v appoint_v no_o punishment_n he_o therefore_o can_v be_v punish_v by_o man_n with_o any_o temporal_a punishment_n neither_o be_v it_o necessary_a that_o god_n shall_v temporal_o afflict_v he_o but_o that_o no_o man_n may_v too_o bold_o flatter_v himself_o &_o assume_v unto_o himself_o hereby_o a_o great_a liberty_n of_o sin_v because_o he_o think_v himself_o free_a from_o temporal_a punishment_n he_o ought_v due_o to_o call_v to_o mind_n that_o he_o be_v nevertheless_o oblige_v to_o a_o far_o more_o grievous_a punishment_n which_o be_v a_o spiritual_a and_o a_o eternal_a punishment_n both_o which_o punishment_n be_v so_o necessary_o and_o so_o reciprocal_o conjoin_v with_o every_o fault_n that_o the_o punishment_n do_v always_o presuppose_v a_o fault_n go_v before_o it_o for_o god_n punish_v no_o man_n that_o deserve_v it_o not_o and_o at_o the_o last_o the_o deserve_a punishment_n must_v necessary_o follow_v the_o fault_n unless_o it_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o mercy_n of_o god_n remit_v the_o fauâ—t_n in_o christ_n by_o faith_n and_o by_o repentance_n xv._o these_o thing_n thus_o premise_v to_o answer_v to_o the_o propound_a doubt_n i_o will_v infer_v some_o conclusion_n and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n we_o must_v judge_v how_o the_o penal_a law_n do_v oblige_v the_o subject_a in_o conscience_n by_o the_o mind_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n if_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o there_o be_v any_o certainty_n of_o it_o that_o be_v if_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o lawmaker_n do_v intend_v to_o oblige_v the_o subject_n not_o only_o to_o the_o penalty_n but_o to_o the_o fault_n also_o they_o be_v undoubted_o oblige_v to_o observe_v that_o which_o be_v command_v by_o the_o law_n and_o do_v not_o satisfy_v their_o duty_n if_o they_o be_v prepare_v to_o undergo_v the_o penalty_n ordain_v by_o the_o law_n but_o if_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o he_o intend_v not_o to_o oblige_v they_o but_o only_o to_o the_o penalty_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o subject_n be_v not_o bind_v beyond_o that_o penalty_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o foundation_n or_o ground_n of_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n as_o elsewhere_o be_v show_v be_v the_o manifest_a will_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n invest_v with_o a_o lawful_a power_n therefore_o where_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n which_o be_v the_o adequate_a measure_n of_o that_o obligation_n which_o the_o law_n induce_v be_v manifest_a we_o need_v not_o to_o make_v any_o further_a doubt_n concern_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o obligation_n xvi_o peradventure_o you_o will_v demand_v what_o assurance_n may_v suffice_v that_o a_o subject_a may_v be_v secure_a in_o his_o conscience_n that_o sufficient_o he_o understand_v the_o mind_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n i_o answer_v that_o a_o mathemat_n calcertitude_n which_o be_v manifest_a by_o demonstration_n and_o impossible_a to_o be_v false_a be_v in_o vaâ—n_n to_o be_v expect_v in_o moral_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o infinite_a variety_n of_o circumstance_n and_o uncertainty_n of_o humane_a affair_n nevertheless_o a_o certain_a logical_a certitude_n may_v oftentimes_o be_v have_v of_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n which_o be_v to_o be_v collect_v from_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n itself_o from_o which_o his_o intention_n may_v so_o perspicuous_o appear_v that_o there_o need_v not_o any_o further_a evidence_n the_o mind_n of_o the_o legislator_n may_v be_v manifest_v partly_o by_o the_o form_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o precept_n he_o enjoin_v and_o partly_o by_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o punishment_n that_o be_v to_o be_v inflict_v but_o especial_o from_o the_o preface_n of_o the_o law_n itself_o in_o which_o that_o it_o may_v be_v more_o acceptable_a to_o the_o people_n he_o use_v to_o declare_v the_o cause_n and_o reason_n that_o do_v induce_v he_o to_o the_o make_n of_o that_o law_n as_o also_o how_o just_a it_o be_v and_o necessary_a for_o the_o take_v away_o of_o abuse_n and_o for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n from_o all_o which_o be_v right_o weigh_v together_o by_o compare_v of_o the_o circumstance_n it_o will_v be_v no_o great_a difficulty_n for_o a_o wise_a and_o apprehensive_a man_n so_o to_o learn_v the_o meaning_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n and_o to_o have_v such_o a_o sufficient_a moral_a certitude_n thereof_o for_o in_o moral_n a_o moral_a certitude_n be_v sufficient_a as_o to_o conclude_v that_o undoubted_o he_o intend_v such_o a_o thing_n in_o the_o make_n of_o it_o but_o if_o the_o subject_n be_v not_o of_o so_o great_a a_o apprehension_n and_o judgement_n as_o due_o to_o examine_v all_o the_o importance_n of_o the_o reason_n or_o if_o he_o be_v afraid_a since_o every_o man_n be_v not_o a_o competent_a judge_n in_o his_o own_o cause_n leave_v he_o may_v interpretate_fw-la the_o mind_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n more_o favourable_o on_o his_o side_n than_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v it_o will_v be_v his_o best_a course_n if_o it_o be_v a_o business_n of_o so_o great_a importance_n that_o it_o will_v be_v very_o uncommodious_a or_o troublesome_a to_o he_o to_o observe_v that_o which_o by_o law_n be_v command_v to_o address_v himself_o to_o some_o man_n of_o approve_a piety_n and_o prudence_n and_o plain_o and_o sincere_o to_o declare_v his_o mind_n unto_o he_o and_o to_o acquiesce_v in_o his_o opinion_n and_o his_o judgement_n xvii_o but_o because_o it_o may_v be_v and_o oftentimes_o it_o so_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o after_o all_o diligence_n there_o can_v be_v obtain_v 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appear_v unto_o you_o and_o that_o i_o may_v recall_v into_o your_o memory_n the_o head_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o have_v hear_v before_o with_o so_o much_o humanity_n i_o just_o do_v believe_v that_o in_o so_o long_a a_o interval_n of_o time_n you_o have_v almost_o forget_v you_o will_v expect_v i_o conceive_v and_o not_o undeserved_o that_o i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v in_o my_o intend_a course_n and_o go_v direct_o on_o to_o those_o next_o doubt_n which_o yet_o remain_v to_o be_v resolve_v as_o of_o those_o of_o privilege_n of_o dispensation_n and_o to_o other_o which_o some_o way_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o final_a kind_n of_o a_o cause_n i_o do_v confess_v it_o indeed_o and_o i_o ought_v to_o do_v it_o but_o my_o friend_n do_v interrupt_v i_o they_o advise_v i_o that_o the_o stubborn_a and_o intolerable_a boldness_n of_o some_o man_n do_v rather_o efflagitate_v that_o see_v so_o precise_o and_o so_o impudent_o they_o abuse_v the_o aphorism_n to_o the_o public_a ruin_n although_o 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