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world_n king_n kingdom_n pilate_n 2,382 5 12.0207 5 false
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A85713 The sage senator delineated: or, A discourse of the qualifications, endowments, parts, external and internal, office, duty and dignity of a perfect politician. With a discourse of kingdoms, republiques, & states-popular. As also, of kings and princes: to which is annexed, the new models of modern policy. / By J.G. Gent.; De optimo senatore. English Goślicki, Wawrzyniec, 1530-1607.; Grimefield, John,; J. G., Gent. 1660 (1660) Wing G2027; Thomason E1766_1; ESTC R10030 85,759 226

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the_o sage_a senator_n delineate_v or_o a_o discourse_n of_o the_o qualification_n endowment_n part_n external_a and_o internal_a office_n duty_n and_o dignity_n of_o a_o perfect_a politician_n with_o a_o discourse_n of_o kingdom_n republic_n and_o states-popular_a as_o also_o of_o king_n and_o prince_n to_o which_o be_v annex_v the_o new_a model_n of_o modern_a policy_n by_o j._n g._n gent._n london_n print_v by_o ja_n cottrel_n for_o sa●…_n speed_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o printing-press_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1660._o to_o the_o reader_n there_o be_v few_o or_o none_o i_o presume_v even_o among_o the_o vulgar_a but_o understand_v that_o republic_n or_o kingdom_n to_o be_v most_o happy_a that_o live_v most_o peaceable_o yet_o what_o do_v most_o conduce_v to_o the_o welfare_n and_o felicity_n of_o king_n and_o people_n have_v be_v long_o debate_v by_o the_o ancient_a as_o well_o as_o modern_a philosopher_n and_o politician_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o good_a law_n 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kingdom_n right_o for_o it_o be_v the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o almighty_a only_o to_o know_v all_o thing_n that_o appertain_v to_o good_a government_n they_o have_v ever_o use_v to_o call_v unto_o their_o aid_n and_o assistance_n some_o wise_a grave_a man_n by_o who_o advice_n and_o counsel_v the_o kingdom_n may_v be_v well_o regulate_v these_o man_n be_v as_o a_o mean_a between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o people_n do_v on_o the_o one_o hand_n understand_v the_o office_n of_o the_o king_n and_o on_o the_o other_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o subject_a know_v what_o course_n must_v be_v take_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n honour_n and_o royal_a prerogative_n and_o what_o belong_v to_o the_o profit_n and_o benefit_n of_o his_o good_a and_o loyal_a subject_n thus_o a_o king_n may_v govern_v all_o thing_n well_o not_o only_o by_o his_o own_o opinion_n which_o may_v oftentimes_o prove_v deceitful_a but_o by_o the_o general_a advice_n and_o counsel_n of_o other_o whereby_o his_o judgement_n and_o reason_n be_v bring_v to_o perfection_n and_o as_o the_o hand_n divide_v into_o many_o finger_n be_v thereby_o make_v more_o strong_a and_o apt_a to_o lay_v hold_n on_o all_o thing_n so_o he_o that_o govern_v by_o the_o aid_n and_o assistance_n of_o councillor_n will_v manage_v all_o public_a affair_n tend_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o country_n whereof_o he_o be_v sovereign_a with_o the_o great_a discretion_n and_o wisdom_n for_o a_o single_a person_n be_v not_o able_a to_o manage_v all_o affair_n without_o additional_a help_n alexander_n king_n of_o macedonia_n conquer_v many_o country_n and_o subjugate_v a_o multitude_n of_o enemy_n pyrrhus_n be_v excellent_a at_o the_o choice_n of_o place_n for_o fortification_n hannibal_n be_v often_o attend_v with_o success_n in_o victory_n but_o know_v not_o how_o to_o make_v the_o best_a improvement_n of_o it_o vincere_fw-la scis_fw-la hannibal_n uti_fw-la victoria_fw-la nescis_fw-la philopoemon_n be_v a_o
and_o fit_a for_o government_n other_o servile_a boorish_a witless_a destine_v to_o servitude_n and_o bondage_n plato_n have_v it_o that_o god_n in_o man_n creation_n have_v so_o order_v that_o in_o the_o generation_n of_o those_o that_o be_v apt_a to_o govern_v he_o have_v mix_v gold_n of_o they_o that_o be_v appoint_v as_o assistant_n to_o governor_n silver_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o ploughman_n and_o artisan_n be_v compound_v with_o brass_n and_o iron_n which_o similitude_n aristotle_n apply_v to_o the_o manner_n and_o capacity_n of_o man_n for_o although_o every_o man_n do_v natural_o desire_v that_o his_o child_n shall_v resemble_v he_o yet_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o silver_n be_v the_o issue_n of_o gold_n and_o some_o metal_n of_o a_o more_o inferior_a allay_n the_o issue_n of_o silver_n it_o be_v therefore_o very_o requisite_a that_o prince_n pry_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o child_n that_o they_o may_v understand_v their_o disposition_n and_o they_o that_o be_v like_o iron_n may_v be_v convert_v into_o gold_n or_o that_o prove_v impossible_a the_o government_n may_v be_v allot_v to_o other_o for_o it_o have_v be_v oraculous_o prophesy_v that_o those_o country_n that_o be_v govern_v by_o brass_n and_o iron_n shall_v perish_v and_o come_v to_o confusion_n but_o now_o as_o to_o optimacy_n it_o consist_v in_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o virtuous_a citizen_n or_o at_o least_o shall_v because_o they_o govern_v the_o republic_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n and_o edict_n of_o the_o law_n whereas_o in_o popular_a state_n all_o thing_n be_v contrary_o manage_v for_o liberty_n be_v the_o end_n thereof_o the_o state_n be_v rule_v according_a to_o will_n and_o popular_a fury_n without_o the_o consideration_n of_o virtue_n or_o reason_n in_o such_o city_n man_n be_v call_v good_a because_o they_o be_v profitable_a or_o beneficial_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n not_o for_o their_o be_v endow_v with_o honesty_n which_o consist_v in_o the_o action_n of_o virtue_n so_o that_o virtue_n there_o be_v measure_v by_o public_a profit_n not_o honesty_n for_o popular_a justice_n call_v jus_fw-la popular_fw-la be_v where_o honour_n be_v confer_v upon_o person_n not_o according_a to_o the_o virtue_n of_o he_o that_o receive_v but_o the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o give_v it_o who_o think_v those_o thing_n to_o be_v most_o equitable_a that_o be_v so_o according_a to_o the_o vogue_n of_o the_o multitude_n not_o as_o justice_n instruct_v we_o and_o that_o to_o be_v honourable_a which_o have_v the_o repute_n of_o popular_a fame_n or_o approbation_n of_o the_o multitude_n and_o though_o it_o must_v necessary_o be_v grant_v that_o there_o be_v corruption_n in_o all_o republic_n yet_o be_v it_o frequent_o know_v in_o popular_a state_n and_o that_o more_o than_o in_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o government_n for_o if_o any_o man_n well-principled_a chance_n to_o have_v his_o residence_n or_o abode_n in_o any_o such_o state_n and_o he_o out_o of_o natural_a reason_n only_o disgust_v the_o plebeian_a insolency_n and_o by_o admonition_n reprehension_n and_o correction_n strive_v to_o reduce_v the_o citizen_n or_o inhabitant_n to_o a_o more_o virtuous_a and_o religious_a course_n of_o life_n he_o be_v instant_o brand_v with_o the_o name_n of_o a_o enemy_n to_o the_o state_n and_o arrest_v by_o the_o law_n of_o ostracism_n and_o many_o time_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o he_o come_v to_o execution_n many_o famous_a citizen_n of_o the_o popular_a state_n of_o greece_n be_v hereby_o afflict_v as_o aristides_n thucydides_n socrates_n themistocles_n and_o damon_n and_o at_o rome_n camillus_n and_o scipio_n have_v the_o same_o measure_n deal_v they_o aristides_n deserve_v a_o monument_n that_o may_v endure_v to_o perpetuity_n for_o his_o singular_a virtue_n and_o wisdom_n who_o for_o his_o integrity_n of_o life_n and_o conversation_n be_v surname_v justus_n and_o at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o law_n of_o ostracism_n be_v in_o force_n among_o the_o athenian_n a_o rude_a boorish_a beef-brained_a fellow_n with_o a_o scroll_n of_o paper_n in_o his_o hand_n chance_v to_o meet_v he_o who_o with_o much_o importunacy_n will_v have_v force_v he_o to_o write_v his_o name_n therein_o aristides_n be_v astonish_v at_o his_o earnest_n and_o strange_a request_n ask_v he_o whether_o any_o man_n can_v ever_o say_v he_o have_v injure_v any_o person_n no_o reply_v the_o fellow_n all_o the_o reason_n that_o prompt_v i_o to_o my_o demand_n be_v only_o this_o i_o stomach_n your_o surname_n justus_n it_o be_v report_v by_o cicero_n that_o the_o ephesi_fw-la at_o the_o banishment_n of_o their_o prince_n hermodorus_n pronounce_v this_o sentence_n let_v we_o not_o excel_v one_o another_o and_o if_o any_o do_v contrary_a to_o what_o be_v herein_o specify_v or_o mention_v he_o shall_v no_o long_o reside_v among_o we_o but_o must_v procure_v some_o other_o dwell_v place_n strange_a custom_n of_o popular_a state_n plato_n as_o we_o have_v already_o instance_v say_v that_o no_o state_n can_v be_v long_o live_v that_o be_v govern_v by_o iron_n or_o brass_n that_o be_v by_o fanatic_a or_o infatuate_v person_n who_o be_v altogether_o unfit_a for_o government_n seem_v to_o be_v bear_v to_o disturb_v rather_o than_o obey_v for_o they_o after_o some_o petty_a or_o imaginary_a success_n at_o war_n grow_v insolent_a and_o tympanous_a have_v always_o some_o flatter_a tutor_n and_o collogue_v popular_a captain_n to_o extol_v their_o virtue_n ready_a at_o hand_n who_o immediate_o upon_o this_o allure_v or_o rather_o catch_v with_o the_o golden_a bait_n of_o glory_n reject_v the_o authority_n of_o their_o wise_a governor_n rebel_v against_o their_o superior_n and_o so_o usurp_a their_o lawful_a power_n take_v it_o into_o their_o hand_n and_o manage_v it_o according_a to_o their_o own_o corrupt_a will_n and_o deprave_a judgement_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o such_o state_n soon_o expire_v and_o that_o oftentimes_o in_o their_o very_a infancy_n for_o through_o the_o diversity_n of_o mind_n and_o opinion_n among_o they_o they_o become_v void_a of_o counsel_n and_o after_o a_o continue_a series_n if_o it_o last_v any_o considerable_a time_n of_o insolency_n contention_n and_o faction_n they_o become_v submissive_a either_o to_o a_o few_o or_o else_o to_o some_o single_a person_n thus_o do_v the_o athenian_n who_o have_v obtain_v the_o victory_n in_o a_o memorable_a sea-fight_n against_o the_o mede_n bladder_v up_o with_o pride_n from_o their_o success_n herein_o it_o cause_v sedition_n and_o tumultuation_n in_o that_o state_n notwithstanding_o the_o contrary_a endeavour_n of_o the_o more_o sober_a to_o prevent_v it_o nay_o the_o original_a of_o state_n popular_a sometime_o arise_v from_o rebellion_n attempt_v against_o the_o royal_a party_n as_o it_o frequent_o happen_v at_o rome_n and_o at_o other_o time_n it_o fall_v out_o when_o the_o people_n through_o tyranny_n be_v exasperate_v and_o make_v desperate_a by_o the_o rigour_n of_o their_o prince_n or_o governor_n for_o then_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n against_o their_o king_n they_o begin_v to_o mould_v a_o new-fashioned_a government_n among_o themselves_o which_o the_o swiss_n not_o many_o year_n since_o have_v do_v as_o to_o oligarchy_n or_o tyranny_n we_o shall_v not_o extend_v our_o discourse_n but_o pass_v they_o by_o because_o we_o judge_v such_o kind_n of_o government_n to_o be_v altogether_o unjust_a insupportable_a and_o quite_o contrary_a to_o a_o virtuous_a and_o civil_a life_n now_o as_o to_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o most_o notable_a and_o imitable_a commonweal_n and_o kingdom_n in_o the_o habitable_a world_n that_o shall_v be_v the_o subject_n of_o our_o ensue_a chapter_n chap._n iii_o wherein_o be_v contain_v the_o various_a form_n of_o the_o most_o memorable_a and_o famous_a commonweal_n and_o kingdom_n in_o the_o world_n the_o excellency_n and_o pre-eminency_n of_o every_o nation_n or_o republic_n may_v easy_o be_v understand_v by_o the_o government_n and_o law_n therein_o practise_v and_o exercise_v for_o those_o be_v judge_v the_o best_a that_o direct_v the_o course_n of_o their_o life_n according_a to_o justice_n and_o equity_n and_o not_o the_o peculiar_a w●imsies_n of_o their_o own_o natural_a fancy_n and_o constant_o persevere_v therein_o without_o so_o much_o as_o the_o appearance_n of_o change_n or_o variation_n it_o be_v a_o apparent_a and_o clear_a argument_n of_o female_a frailty_n far_o derogate_v from_o the_o dignity_n of_o man_n to_o be_v so_o fickle_a and_o inconstant_a as_o to_o seek_v after_o variety_n but_o to_o be_v fix_v and_o ground_v be_v a_o argument_n of_o a_o noble_a resolution_n and_o first_o as_o for_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o plato_n we_o shall_v pass_v that_o by_o because_o it_o be_v usual_o say_v that_o such_o a_o government_n as_o his_o neither_o be_v have_v be_v nor_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o the_o athenian_a republic_n be_v first_o make_v as_o follow_v that_o people_n be_v disperse_v and_o haunt_v the_o wood_n
brave_a admiral_n at_o sea_n cleon_n can_v manure_v land_n and_o possession_n cicero_n be_v a_o famous_a orator_n pompeius_n a_o valiant_a general_n cato_n a_o grave_a senator_n and_o scipio_n admirable_a both_o in_o peace_n and_o war_n so_o be_v several_a other_o that_o may_v be_v instance_v for_o every_o man_n according_a to_o the_o proverb_n be_v a_o roscius_n in_o his_o own_o profession_n now_o when_o so_o many_o well-qualified_a hero_n be_v bind_v up_o together_o in_o council_n what_o a_o constellation_n of_o virtue_n will_v shine_v and_o appear_v there_o and_o what_o firm_a edict_n and_o good_a law_n will_v there_o be_v enact_v by_o they_o for_o the_o public_a benefit_n and_o good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o for_o he_o be_v call_v rex_fw-la à_fw-la regendo_fw-la but_o some_o will_v have_v it_o à_fw-la recte_fw-la agendo_fw-la and_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o one_o man_n can_v be_v so_o clear_a sighted_a as_o to_o perceive_v all_o which_o prove_v that_o verse_n of_o homer_n to_o be_v true_a render_v into_o latin_a thus_o bini_fw-la conveniunt_fw-la melius_fw-la rem_fw-la perspicit_fw-la alter_fw-la nor_o do_v this_o any_o way_n diminish_v his_o power_n and_o authority_n for_o though_o many_o convene_v yet_o he_o be_v still_o the_o head_n of_o they_o all_o and_o have_v a_o negative_a voice_n nor_o can_v any_o act_n be_v pass_v without_o his_o royal_a assent_n or_o approbation_n it_o be_v take_v pro_fw-la confesso_fw-la that_o there_o be_v much_o care_n and_o vigilancy_n require_v in_o a_o monarch_n for_o he_o must_v not_o seek_v so_o much_o after_o his_o own_o profit_n as_o the_o public_a good_a and_o commodity_n of_o his_o people_n he_o must_v observe_v the_o law_n preserve_v the_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o maintain_v the_o authority_n and_o reputation_n of_o his_o senate_n for_o king_n be_v first_o of_o all_o institute_v for_o the_o aid_n and_o assistance_n of_o the_o virtuous_a against_o those_o that_o be_v vicious_a to_o they_o absolute_a power_n be_v transmit_v to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o may_v revenge_v injury_n and_o be_v just_a judge_n in_o all_o cause_n and_o legal_a proceed_n a_o good_a king_n ought_v to_o be_v as_o vigilant_a over_o those_o who_o providence_n have_v allot_v he_o supreme_a as_o a_o shepherd_n be_v of_o his_o flock_n homer_n call_v king_n agamemnon_n the_o shepherd_n of_o the_o people_n and_o plato_n in_o imitation_n of_o he_o the_o shepherd_n and_o conserver_n of_o mankind_n beside_o he_o shall_v govern_v his_o people_n not_o as_o master_n do_v their_o servant_n but_o as_o parent_n do_v their_o child_n with_o paternal_a care_n not_o with_o rigid_a severity_n or_o cruelty_n and_o as_o it_o be_v customary_a with_o indulgent_a parent_n sometime_o to_o rebuke_v their_o child_n sometime_o to_o admonish_v and_o encourage_v they_o and_o sometime_o also_o to_o correct_v and_o punish_v they_o so_o shall_v a_o prince_n behave_v himself_o towards_o his_o subject_n manifest_v himself_o sometime_o severe_a when_o move_v thereunto_o and_o at_o other_o time_n gentle_a affable_a and_o courteous_a both_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o people_n and_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o kingdom_n defend_v and_o enlarge_v the_o bonum_fw-la common_fw-la with_o no_o less_o care_n than_o a_o father_n provide_v for_o the_o sustentation_n of_o his_o child_n this_o make_v the_o difference_n between_o king_n and_o tyrant_n the_o one_o be_v studious_a for_o the_o public_a good_a the_o other_o for_o his_o own_o private_a profit_n the_o end_n of_o the_o tyrant_n endeavour_n be_v voluptuousness_n but_o the_o king_n study_n be_v honour_n riches_n be_v the_o mark_n at_o which_o a_o tyrant_n level_v but_o virtue_n be_v the_o true_a meta_fw-la of_o the_o king_n tyrant_n desire_v the_o assistance_n of_o stranger_n but_o king_n be_v guard_v by_o their_o own_o loyal_a subject_n alphonsus_n king_n of_o arragon_n be_v demand_v what_o subject_n of_o his_o he_o most_o tender_o affect_v answer_v i_o love_v they_o better_o that_o love_v i_o than_o those_o that_o fear_v i_o and_o not_o without_o reason_n do_v he_o thus_o express_v himself_o for_o fear_n be_v usual_o accompany_v with_o hatred_n a_o king_n be_v as_o secure_v by_o the_o love_n good_a will_n and_o loyalty_n of_o his_o subject_n as_o by_o the_o defence_n of_o arm_n and_o his_o senator_n will_v stand_v he_o in_o more_o stead_n upon_o any_o occasion_n than_o a_o tyrant_n soldier_n trajanus_n that_o great_a emperor_n of_o the_o world_n do_v always_o call_v the_o senate_n his_o father_n for_o as_o the_o father_n usual_o foretell_v the_o son_n what_o may_v prove_v beneficial_a and_o what_o injurious_a to_o he_o so_o the_o senate_n counsel_v the_o king_n and_o instruct_v he_o how_o to_o conserve_v his_o kingdom_n and_o by_o what_o law_n and_o ordinance_n it_o must_v be_v govern_v this_o be_v the_o only_a way_n to_o keep_v the_o king_n from_o tyranny_n and_o the_o subject_a from_o rebellion_n now_o tyranny_n in_o the_o one_o with_o rebellion_n in_o the_o other_o will_v soon_o verify_v that_o distich_n of_o the_o satirist_n adgenerum_fw-la cereris_fw-la sine_fw-la caede_fw-la and_o vulnere_fw-la pauci_fw-la descendunt_fw-la reges_fw-la and_o sicca_fw-la morte_fw-la tyranni_fw-la a_o good_a king_n know_v how_o to_o irretiate_v and_o allure_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o people_n to_o he_o by_o love_n and_o clemency_n soon_o than_o by_o violence_n and_o compulsion_n and_o good_a people_n know_v their_o duty_n and_o obedience_n and_o if_o the_o king_n through_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o people_n be_v any_o way_n misguide_v they_o will_v bite_v their_o nail_n and_o not_o scratch_v their_o head_n they_o know_v it_o be_v a_o crime_n inexplable_n to_o quarrel_v with_o majesty_n the_o only_a way_n to_o live_v happy_a in_o a_o kingdom_n be_v this_o first_o to_o give_v god_n and_o then_o caesar_n his_o due_a but_o when_o king_n grow_v tyrannical_a then_o there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o allegiance_n from_o the_o subject_a but_o what_o they_o be_v compel_v to_o whereas_o that_o be_v far_o more_o to_o be_v esteem_v that_o flow_v natural_o and_o voluntary_o from_o the_o people_n and_o this_o usual_o stir_v they_o up_o to_o sedition_n and_o so_o consequent_o to_o their_o utter_a ruin_n and_o destruction_n and_o the_o downfall_n both_o of_o kingdom_n and_o king_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o tyrant_n use_v certain_a sleight_n and_o state-trick_n to_o deprive_v the_o subject_a of_o liberty_n first_o by_o clear_v the_o country_n of_o all_o good_a and_o wise_a man_n either_o by_o banishment_n imprisonment_n or_o death_n because_o the_o virtue_n of_o good_a man_n reprove_v they_o for_o their_o vice_n and_o render_v they_o odious_a whenas_o all_o they_o aim_v at_o be_v only_o to_o enslave_v the_o nation_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o they_o may_v prosecute_v their_o own_o lust_n and_o pleasure_n without_o obstruction_n such_o counsel_n as_o this_o periander_n poison_v thrafibulus_n with_o who_o by_o his_o infernal_a rhetoric_n endeavour_v to_o persuade_v he_o to_o cut_v off_o the_o high_a spike_n of_o corn_n mean_v thereby_o that_o he_o shall_v cause_v the_o cream_n of_o the_o athenian_a nobility_n to_o be_v execute_v the_o like_a subtlety_n do_v sextus_n tarqvinius_n the_o son_n of_o lucius_n follow_v who_o be_v suborn_v by_o his_o father_n pretend_v to_o be_v banish_v and_o flee_v fraudulent_o to_o the_o gabii_n where_o have_v scrape_v as_o much_o acquaintance_n as_o he_o judge_v convenient_a send_v privy_o to_o his_o father_n to_o know_v his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n and_o what_o far_a be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o business_n for_o his_o satisfaction_n who_o conduct_v the_o messenger_n into_o the_o garden_n where_o walk_v together_o he_o with_o a_o wand_n in_o his_o hand_n strike_v off_o all_o the_o head_n of_o the_o poppy_n before_o he_o which_o be_v by_o the_o nuncio_n report_v to_o his_o son_n who_o have_v hellish_a wit_n enough_o to_o 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that_o may_v