by_o the_o authority_n of_o his_o speech_n to_o restore_v reason_n to_o her_o former_a dignity_n and_o by_o discourse_n which_o fear_n have_v interrupt_v in_o they_o to_o put_v down_o a_o usurp_a passion_n which_o have_v so_o trouble_v the_o government_n of_o the_o soul_n recall_v it_o to_o the_o mean_a of_o true_a resolution_n which_o be_v to_o moderate_a audacity_n with_o wariness_n but_o not_o to_o choke_v valour_n with_o beastly_a cowardice_n for_o these_o oratory_n induce_v persuasion_n be_v not_o the_o least_o point_n of_o their_o discipline_n consider_v how_o they_o frame_v the_o inward_a habit_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v the_o fountain_n and_o beginning_n of_o all_o motion_n to_o give_v life_n and_o force_n to_o those_o action_n which_o the_o severity_n of_o outward_a discipline_n command_v for_o as_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o man_n enforce_v obedience_n of_o the_o body_n so_o reason_n and_o persuasion_n must_v win_v the_o soul_n consent_n according_a to_o that_o say_n homines_fw-la duci_fw-la volunt_fw-la non_fw-la cogi_fw-la chap._n xvi_o caesar_n his_o speech_n to_o the_o army_n concern_v this_o fear_n caesar_n be_v inform_v of_o these_o thing_n caesar_n call_v a_o council_n of_o war_n admit_v all_o the_o centurion_n of_o what_o degree_n or_o order_n soever_o unto_o the_o same_o and_o be_v thus_o assemble_v he_o great_o blame_v they_o first_o that_o any_o shall_v be_v so_o inquisitive_a as_o to_o imagine_v to_o themselves_o whither_o &_o upon_o what_o service_n they_o be_v carry_v concern_v ariovistus_n he_o have_v in_o the_o time_n of_o caesar_n consulship_n most_o earnest_o sue_v for_o the_o friendship_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o why_o then_o shall_v any_o man_n misdeem_v that_o he_o shall_v so_o unadvised_o go_v back_o from_o his_o duty_n for_o his_o own_o part_n he_o be_v very_o persuade_v that_o if_o ariovistus_n once_o know_v his_o demand_n and_o understand_v the_o reasonable_a offer_n that_o he_o will_v make_v he_o he_o will_v not_o easy_o reject_v his_o friendship_n or_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n but_o if_o he_o be_v so_o mad_a as_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o why_o shall_v they_o fear_v he_o or_o why_o shall_v they_o despair_v either_o of_o their_o own_o prowess_n or_o of_o caesar_n diligence_n for_o if_o it_o come_v to_o that_o point_n the_o enemy_n that_o they_o be_v to_o encounter_v have_v be_v try_v what_o he_o can_v do_v twice_o before_o first_o in_o the_o memory_n of_o their_o father_n when_o the_o cambri_n and_o teutons_n be_v vanquish_v by_o marius_n at_o what_o time_n the_o army_n merit_v no_o less_o honour_n than_o the_o general_n and_o now_o of_o late_a again_o in_o italy_n at_o the_o insurrection_n of_o the_o bondman_n who_o be_v not_o a_o little_a further_v through_o the_o practice_n and_o discipline_n they_o have_v learn_v of_o the_o roman_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v discern_v how_o good_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o be_v constant_a and_o resolute_a insomuch_o as_o who_o for_o a_o time_n they_o fear_v without_o cause_n be_v naked_a and_o unarmed_a the_o same_o man_n afterward_o although_o well_o arm_v and_o conqueror_n withal_o they_o noble_o overcome_v and_o to_o be_v short_a these_o be_v no_o other_o german_n than_o those_o who_o the_o helvetian_o have_v vanquish_v in_o divers_a conflict_n and_o not_o only_o in_o their_o own_o country_n where_o the_o helvetian_o dwell_v themselves_o but_o also_o even_o at_o home_n at_o their_o own_o door_n and_o yet_o the_o same_o helvetian_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v their_o party_n good_a against_o our_o army_n if_o any_o man_n be_v move_v at_o the_o flight_n and_o overthrow_v of_o the_o gall_n upon_o inquiry_n he_o shall_v find_v that_o be_v weary_v with_o continual_a war_n after_o that_o aâ—â—ovistus_n have_v for_o many_o month_n together_o keep_v himself_o within_o his_o camp_n in_o a_o boggy_a and_o fenny_a country_n and_o despair_v of_o any_o occasion_n of_o battle_n he_o sudden_o set_v upon_o they_o as_o they_o be_v disperse_v and_o so_o overcome_v they_o rather_o by_o policy_n then_o by_o force_n which_o although_o it_o take_v place_n against_o savage_a and_o unskilful_a people_n yet_o be_v not_o ariovistus_n so_o simple_a as_o to_o think_v that_o he_o can_v ensnare_v our_o army_n with_o the_o like_a subtlety_n as_o for_o those_o that_o feign_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o fear_n to_o be_v the_o difficulty_n of_o provision_n of_o corn_n and_o the_o dangerousnesse_n of_o the_o way_n they_o seem_v very_o arrogant_a in_o their_o conceit_n in_o presume_v to_o direct_v their_o general_n as_o if_o he_o have_v not_o know_v what_o pertain_v to_o his_o duty_n the_o sequans_n and_o lingon_n have_v undertake_v that_o charge_n beside_o that_o corn_n be_v almost_o ripe_a every_o where_o in_o the_o field_n and_o what_o the_o way_n be_v shall_v short_o be_v see_v whereas_o it_o be_v give_v out_o that_o the_o soldier_n will_v not_o obey_v his_o mandate_n nor_o advance_v their_o standard_n he_o little_o value_v it_o for_o he_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o if_o a_o army_n refuse_v to_o be_v obedient_a to_o their_o general_n it_o be_v either_o because_o he_o be_v think_v to_o be_v unfortunate_a in_o his_o enterprise_n or_o else_o for_o that_o he_o be_v notorious_o convict_v of_o avarice_n but_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o life_n shall_v witness_v his_o innocency_n and_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o helvetian_o his_o happiness_n and_o therefore_o that_o which_o he_o be_v mind_v to_o have_v put_v off_o for_o a_o long_a time_n he_o will_v now_o put_v in_o execution_n out_o of_o hand_n for_o the_o night_n follow_v at_o the_o four_o watch_n he_o will_v dislodge_v from_o thence_o that_o without_o further_a delay_n he_o may_v understand_v whether_o shame_n and_o respect_n of_o their_o duty_n will_v prevail_v more_o with_o they_o than_o fear_n or_o cowardice_n and_o though_o he_o wist_v that_o no_o man_n else_o will_v follow_v he_o yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o will_v go_v with_o the_o ten_o legion_n alone_o of_o who_o he_o have_v no_o doubt_n or_o suspicion_n and_o will_v take_v they_o as_o a_o guard_n to_o his_o person_n caesar_n have_v chief_o favour_v this_o legion_n and_o put_v much_o trust_n in_o they_o for_o their_o valour_n upon_o the_o make_n of_o this_o speech_n the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n be_v wonderful_o change_v for_o it_o breed_v in_o every_o one_o a_o great_a alacrity_n and_o desire_n to_o fight_v neither_o do_v the_o ten_o legion_n forget_v to_o give_v he_o thanks_o by_o their_o tribune_n for_o the_o good_a opinion_n he_o have_v of_o they_o assure_v he_o of_o their_o readiness_n to_o set_v forward_o to_o the_o war_n and_o then_o likewise_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o legion_n make_v mean_n by_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o centurion_n of_o the_o first_o order_n to_o give_v caesar_n satisfaction_n protest_v they_o neither_o doubt_v nor_o fear_v nor_o give_v any_o censure_n of_o the_o issue_n of_o that_o war_n but_o always_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o general_n their_o satisfaction_n be_v take_v and_o a_o view_n be_v make_v of_o the_o way_n by_o divitiacus_n who_o of_o all_o the_o gall_n he_o best_o trust_v and_o report_v be_v by_o he_o make_v that_o in_o fetch_v a_o compass_n of_o fifty_o mile_n he_o may_v carry_v his_o army_n in_o open_a and_o champain_n country_n in_o the_o four_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n according_a to_o his_o former_a say_n he_o set_v forward_o the_o first_o observation_n in_o the_o speech_n itself_o be_v present_v many_o specialty_n both_o concern_v their_o discipline_n and_o military_a instruction_n which_o deserve_v examination_n among_o which_o i_o note_v first_o the_o extraordinary_a number_n admit_v to_o the_o council_n omnium_fw-la ordinum_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la concilium_fw-la adâ—ibitis_fw-la conturionibus_fw-la whereas_o there_o be_v usual_o no_o more_o admit_v to_o their_o council_n of_o war_n but_o the_o legate_n questor_n tribune_n and_o the_o centurion_n of_o the_o first_o order_n which_o i_o understand_v to_o be_v the_o first_o hastate_n the_o first_o priâ—â—eps_fw-la and_o the_o first_o piluâ—â—_n of_o every_o legion_n and_o this_o be_v manifest_o prove_v out_o of_o the_o fiâ—th_v commentary_n where_o cicero_n be_v besiege_v by_o ambiorix_n in_o which_o among_o other_o there_o be_v two_o valiant_a centurion_n puisio_n and_o varenus_n between_o who_o there_o be_v every_o year_n great_a emulation_n for_o place_n of_o preferment_n &_o jam_fw-la primis_fw-la ordâ—â—bus_fw-la 〈…〉_z say_v caesar_n that_o be_v they_o have_v pass_v by_o degree_n through_o the_o low_a order_n of_o the_o legion_n and_o be_v very_o near_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n wherein_o as_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n there_o be_v three_o maniple_n and_o in_o every_o maniple_a two_o order_n the_o second_o observation_n the_o first_o motive_n which_o he_o use_v to_o recall_v
do_v the_o rather_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o singular_a integrity_n and_o his_o perfectness_n in_o the_o french_a tongue_n which_o ariovistus_n through_o long_a continuance_n have_v learn_v and_o that_o the_o german_n have_v no_o cause_n of_o offence_n against_o he_o and_o with_o he_o he_o send_v m._n titius_n that_o be_v familiar_o acquaint_v with_o ariovistus_n with_o instruction_n to_o hear_v what_o be_v say_v and_o to_o make_v report_n thereof_o to_o caesar_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o ariovistus_n see_v come_v into_o his_o camp_n he_o cry_v out_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o army_n demand_v wherefore_o they_o come_v thither_o and_o whether_o they_o be_v not_o send_v as_o spy_n and_o as_o they_o be_v about_o to_o make_v answer_n he_o cut_v they_o off_o and_o command_v they_o to_o be_v put_v in_o iron_n the_o same_o day_n he_o remove_v his_o camp_n and_o lodge_v himself_o under_o a_o hill_n six_o mile_n from_o caesar_n the_o next_o day_n he_o bring_v his_o force_n along_o by_o caesar_n camp_n and_o encamp_v himself_o two_o mile_n beyond_o he_o of_o purpose_n to_o cut_v off_o all_o such_o corn_n and_o convoy_n as_o shall_v be_v send_v to_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o heduan_o and_o sequans_n from_o that_o day_n forward_o by_o the_o space_n of_o five_o day_n together_o caesar_n imbattel_v his_o man_n before_o his_o camp_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o if_o ariovistus_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o give_v battle_n he_o may_v do_v it_o when_o he_o will_v but_o ariovistus_n all_o this_o while_n keep_v his_o army_n within_o his_o camp_n and_o daily_o send_v out_o his_o horseman_n to_o skirmish_v with_o the_o roman_n this_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o fight_v which_o the_o german_n have_v practise_v there_o be_v 6000_o horseman_n and_o as_o many_o strong_a and_o nimble_a footman_n who_o the_o horseman_n have_v select_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a host_n every_o man_n one_o for_o his_o safeguard_n these_o they_o have_v always_o at_o hand_n with_o they_o in_o battle_n and_o unto_o these_o they_o resort_v for_o succour_v if_o the_o horseman_n be_v overcharge_v these_o ever_o step_v in_o to_o help_v they_o if_o any_o one_o be_v wound_v or_o unhorse_v they_o come_v about_o he_o and_o succour_v he_o if_o the_o matter_n require_v either_o to_o adventure_v forward_o or_o to_o retire_v speedy_o back_o again_o their_o swiftness_n be_v such_o through_o continual_a exercise_n that_o hang_v on_o the_o horse-mane_n by_o the_o one_o hand_n they_o will_v run_v as_o fast_o as_o the_o horse_n observation_n it_o may_v seem_v strange_a unto_o the_o soldier_n of_o our_o time_n horseman_n that_o the_o footman_n shall_v be_v mingle_v pell-mell_o among_o the_o horseman_n without_o hurt_n and_o disadvantage_n to_o themselves_o so_o unlikely_a it_o be_v that_o they_o shall_v either_o succour_v the_o horseman_n in_o any_o danger_n or_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o some_o have_v imagine_v that_o these_o footman_n in_o the_o encounter_n cast_v themselves_o into_o one_o body_n and_o so_o charge_v the_o enemy_n assist_v the_o horseman_n but_o the_o circumstance_n of_o this_o place_n &_o of_o other_o which_o i_o will_v allege_v 〈◊〉_d purpose_n plain_o evince_v that_o these_o footman_n be_v mingle_v indifferent_o among_o the_o â—orsemen_n to_o assist_v every_o particular_a man_n as_o his_o 〈◊〉_d and_o occasion_n require_v and_o therefore_o the_o choice_n of_o these_o footman_n be_v permit_v to_o the_o horseman_n in_o who_o service_n they_o be_v to_o be_v employ_v that_o every_o man_n may_v take_v his_o friend_n in_o who_o he_o repose_v great_a confidence_n when_o they_o be_v overcharge_v these_o step_v in_o to_o help_v they_o if_o any_o man_n be_v wound_v or_o unhorse_v he_o have_v his_o footman_n ready_a to_o assist_v he_o and_o when_o they_o be_v to_o go_v upon_o any_o speedy_a service_n or_o sudden_o to_o retire_v upon_o advantage_n they_o stay_v themselves_o upon_o the_o mane_n of_o the_o horse_n with_o one_o hand_n and_o so_o run_v as_o fast_o as_o the_o horseman_n can_v go_v which_o service_n they_o can_v not_o possible_o have_v perform_v without_o confusion_n and_o disorder_n if_o the_o footman_n have_v not_o several_o attend_v upon_o they_o according_a to_o the_o affection_n specify_v in_o their_o particular_a election_n the_o principal_a use_n of_o these_o footman_n of_o the_o german_n consist_v in_o the_o aid_n of_o their_o own_o horseman_n upon_o any_o necessity_n not_o so_o much_o regard_v their_o service_n upon_o the_o enemy_n as_o the_o assistance_n of_o their_o horseman_n but_o the_o roman_n have_v long_o before_o practise_v the_o same_o art_n to_o a_o more_o effectual_a purpose_n namely_o as_o a_o principal_a remedy_n not_o only_o to_o resist_v but_o to_o defeat_v far_o great_a troop_n of_o horse_n than_o the_o enemy_n be_v able_a to_o oppose_v against_o they_o whereof_o the_o most_o ancient_a memory_n which_o history_n mention_v be_v record_v by_o livy_n in_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o capua_n under_o the_o regiment_n of_o quintus_n fulvius_n the_o consul_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o all_o their_o conflict_n as_o the_o roman_a legion_n return_v with_o the_o better_a so_o their_o cavalry_n be_v always_o put_v to_o the_o worst_a and_o therefore_o they_o invent_v this_o mean_n to_o make_v that_o good_a by_o art_n which_o be_v want_v in_o force_n out_o of_o the_o whole_a army_n be_v take_v the_o choice_a young_a man_n both_o for_o strength_n and_o agility_n and_o to_o they_o be_v give_v little_a round_a buckler_n and_o seven_o dart_n apiece_o in_o stead_n of_o their_o other_o weapon_n these_o soldier_n practise_v to_o ride_v behind_o the_o horseman_n and_o speedy_o to_o light_v from_o the_o horse_n at_o a_o watchword_n give_v and_o so_o to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n on_o foot_n and_o when_o by_o exercise_n they_o be_v make_v so_o expert_a that_o the_o novelty_n of_o the_o invention_n no_o whit_n affright_v they_o the_o roman_a horseman_n go_v forth_o to_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n every_o man_n carry_v his_o foot-souldier_n behind_o he_o who_o at_o the_o encounter_n sudden_o alight_v charge_v upon_o the_o enemy_n with_o such_o a_o fury_n that_o they_o follow_v they_o in_o slaughter_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o capua_n and_o hence_o say_v livy_n grow_v the_o first_o institution_n of_o the_o velite_n which_o ever_o after_o that_o time_n be_v enrol_v with_o the_o legion_n the_o author_n of_o this_o stratagem_n be_v say_v to_o be_v one_o q._n navius_n a_o centurion_n and_o be_v honourable_o reward_v by_o fulvius_n the_o consul_n for_o the_o same_o sallust_n in_o the_o history_n of_o jugurth_n say_v that_o marius_n mingle_v the_o velite_n with_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o associate_n ut_fw-la quacunque_fw-la invaderent_fw-la equitatus_fw-la hostium_fw-la propulsarent_fw-la the_o like_a practice_n be_v use_v by_o caesar_n as_o appear_z in_o the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n save_v that_o in_o stead_n of_o the_o velite_n he_o mingle_v with_o his_o horseman_n four_o hundred_o of_o the_o lusty_a of_o his_o legionary_a soldier_n to_o resist_v the_o cavalry_n of_o pompey_n while_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n pass_v over_o the_o river_n genusum_n after_o the_o overthrow_n he_o have_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la qui_fw-la tantum_fw-la profecere_fw-la say_v the_o text_n ut_fw-la equestri_fw-la praelio_fw-la commisso_fw-la pellerent_fw-la omnes_fw-la complures_fw-la interficerent_fw-la ipsique_fw-la incolumes_fw-la ad_fw-la agmen_fw-la se_fw-la reciperent_fw-la many_o other_o place_n may_v be_v recite_v but_o these_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v that_o the_o great_a captain_n of_o ancient_a time_n strengthen_v their_o cavalry_n with_o footman_n disperse_v among_o they_o the_o roman_a horseman_n 6._o say_v polybius_n at_o the_o first_o carry_v but_o a_o weak_a limber_a pole_n or_o staff_n and_o a_o little_a round_a buckler_n but_o afterward_o they_o use_v the_o furniture_n of_o the_o grecian_n exâ—id_n which_o josephus_n affirm_v to_o be_v a_o strong_a lance_n or_o staff_n and_o three_o or_o four_o dart_n in_o a_o quiver_n with_o a_o buckler_n and_o a_o long_a sword_n by_o their_o right_a side_n the_o use_n of_o their_o lance_n be_v most_o effectual_a when_o they_o charge_v in_o troup_n pouldron_n to_o pouldron_n and_o that_o manner_n of_o fight_n afford_v no_o mean_n to_o intermingle_v footman_n but_o when_o they_o use_v their_o dart_n every_o man_n get_v what_o advantage_n of_o ground_n he_o can_v as_o our_o carbine_n for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v and_o so_o the_o footman_n may_v have_v place_n among_o they_o or_o otherwise_o for_o so_o good_a a_o advantage_n they_o will_v easy_o make_v place_n for_o the_o footman_n to_o serve_v among_o they_o but_o howsoever_o it_o be_v it_o appear_v by_o this_o circumstance_n how_o little_a the_o roman_n fear_v troop_n of_o horse_n consider_v that_o the_o best_a mean_n to_o defeat_v their_o horse_n be_v by_o their_o foot_n company_n but_o
by_o a_o set_a fight_n continue_v the_o space_n of_o six_o hour_n without_o any_o likelihood_n of_o contrariety_n or_o alteration_n which_o practice_n of_o frustrate_v a_o design_n intend_v by_o a_o indirect_a and_o contrary_a answer_n serve_v the_o roman_n oftentimes_o to_o great_a advantage_n as_o beside_o this_o present_a example_n in_o this_o commentary_n we_o shall_v afterward_o read_v how_o titurius_n sabinus_n defeat_v the_o unelli_n with_o the_o same_o stratagem_n and_o overthrow_v they_o by_o eruption_n and_o sally_v out_o when_o they_o expect_v nothing_o but_o a_o defensive_a resistance_n from_o the_o rampire_n from_o whence_o a_o commander_n may_v learn_v to_o avoid_v two_o contrary_a inconvenience_n according_a as_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o war_n shall_v offer_v occasion_n first_o if_o other_o thing_n be_v answerable_a which_o a_o judicious_a eye_n will_v easy_o discover_v that_o a_o sally_n make_v out_o at_o divers_a port_n of_o a_o hold_n will_v much_o mitigate_v the_o heat_n of_o a_o charge_n and_o control_v the_o fury_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o that_o besiege_v any_o place_n what_o advantage_n soever_o he_o have_v of_o the_o defendant_n may_v much_o better_o assure_v himself_o of_o good_a fortune_n if_o he_o appoint_v certain_a troop_n in_o readiness_n to_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o any_o eruption_n that_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v busy_o employ_v in_o the_o assault_n may_v provide_v to_o answer_v it_o without_o disorder_n or_o confusion_n which_o order_n if_o the_o gall_n have_v take_v they_o have_v not_o in_o likelihood_n so_o often_o be_v deceive_v chap._n iii_o galba_n return_v into_o the_o province_n the_o vnelli_n give_v occasion_n of_o a_o new_a war_n after_o this_o battle_n caesar_n galba_n unwilling_a to_o try_v fortune_n any_o further_a and_o consider_v that_o he_o have_v meet_v with_o business_n which_o he_o never_o dream_v of_o when_o first_o he_o come_v thither_o to_o quarter_n especial_o find_v himself_o in_o want_n both_o of_o corn_n and_o forage_n have_v first_o burn_v the_o town_n the_o next_o day_n he_o return_v towards_o the_o province_n and_o without_o let_v or_o resistance_n bring_v the_o legion_n safe_a into_o the_o nantuates_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o savoyard_n allobroges_n and_o there_o he_o winter_v after_o these_o thing_n be_v dispatch_v caesar_n suppose_v for_o many_o reason_n that_o all_o gallia_n be_v now_o in_o peace_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o further_a fear_n of_o any_o new_a war_n the_o belgae_n be_v overthrow_v the_o german_n thrust_v out_o and_o the_o seduni_n among_o the_o alps_o subdue_v and_o vanquish_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o winter_n be_v go_v into_o illyricum_n have_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o see_v those_o nation_n but_o there_o grow_v a_o sudden_a tumult_n and_o dissension_n in_o gallia_n upon_o this_o occasion_n pub._n crassus_n winter_v with_o the_o seven_o legion_n in_o anjou_n near_o unto_o the_o ocean_n and_o find_v scarcity_n of_o corn_n in_o those_o part_n he_o send_v out_o the_o prefect_n of_o the_o horseman_n and_o tribune_n into_o the_o next_o city_n to_o demand_v corn_n and_o other_o provision_n for_o his_o legion_n of_o who_o titus_n terrasidius_n be_v send_v unto_o the_o perche_n unelli_n marcus_n trebius_n to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d curiosolitae_n q._n velanius_n and_o titus_n silius_n to_o the_o vannes_n veneti_n these_o veneti_n be_v of_o great_a authority_n among_o all_o the_o maritime_a nation_n in_o that_o coast_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a store_n of_o ship_v with_o which_o they_o do_v traffic_v in_o brittany_n and_o exceed_v all_o their_o neighbour_n state_n in_o skill_n and_o experience_n of_o seafaring_a matter_n have_v command_n of_o as_o many_o port_n as_o lay_v to_o those_o sea_n and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o such_o as_o use_v those_o sea_n tributary_n to_o their_o state_n these_o veneti_n first_o adventure_v to_o retain_v silius_n and_o velanius_n hope_v thereby_o to_o recover_v their_o hostage_n which_o they_o have_v give_v to_o crassus_n the_o finitimate_a city_n induce_v by_o their_o authority_n and_o example_n as_o indeed_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v sudden_a and_o hasty_a for_o the_o same_o reason_n lay_v hold_v upon_o trebius_n and_o terrasidius_n and_o send_v speedy_a ambassage_n one_o unto_o another_o conjure_v by_o their_o prince_n and_o chief_a magistrate_n to_o do_v nothing_o but_o by_o common_a consent_n and_o to_o attend_v all_o the_o same_o event_n of_o fortune_n solicit_v also_o other_o city_n and_o state_n rather_o to_o maintain_v that_o liberty_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v of_o their_o ancestor_n then_o to_o endure_v the_o servile_a bondage_n of_o a_o stranger_n the_o first_o observation_n the_o circumstance_n in_o this_o history_n which_o note_v the_o sudden_a break_v out_o of_o war_n 〈…〉_z when_o the_o course_n of_o thing_n make_v promise_v of_o peace_n show_v first_o what_o small_a assurance_n our_o reason_n have_v of_o her_o discourse_n in_o calculate_v the_o nativity_n of_o after-chance_n which_o so_o seldom_o answer_v the_o judgement_n we_o give_v upon_o their_o beginning_n that_o when_o we_o speak_v of_o happiness_n we_o find_v nothing_o but_o misery_n and_o contrariwise_o it_o go_v often_o well_o with_o that_o part_n which_o our_o art_n have_v condemn_v to_o ill_a fortune_n and_o therefore_o i_o do_v not_o marvel_v if_o when_o almost_o all_o nation_n be_v at_o odds_o and_o in_o our_o best_a conceit_n threaten_v destruction_n one_o to_o another_o there_o happen_v a_o sudden_a motion_n of_o peace_n or_o if_o peace_n be_v in_o speech_n soothe_v the_o world_n with_o please_a tranquillity_n and_o through_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o our_o weak_a probability_n promise_v much_o rest_n after_o many_o trouble_n there_o follow_v great_a war_n in_o the_o end_n then_o the_o former_a time_n can_v true_o speak_v of_o which_o be_v well_o understand_v may_v humble_v the_o spirit_n of_o our_o haughty_a politician_n that_o think_v to_o comprehend_v the_o conclusion_n of_o future_a time_n under_o the_o premise_n of_o their_o weak_a project_n and_o predestinate_a succeed_a age_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o present_a motion_n when_o a_o accident_n so_o little_o think_v of_o shall_v break_v the_o main_a stream_n of_o our_o judgement_n and_o falsify_v the_o oracle_n which_o our_o understanding_n have_v utter_v and_o it_o may_v learn_v they_o withal_o how_o much_o it_o import_v a_o wise_a commander_n to_o prevent_v a_o evil_a that_o may_v cross_v his_o design_n how_o unlikely_a soever_o it_o be_v to_o happen_v by_o handle_v it_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o though_o it_o be_v necessary_o to_o confront_v the_o same_o for_o then_o a_o thing_n be_v well_o do_v when_o it_o have_v in_o itself_o both_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o be_v and_o the_o direct_a mean_n to_o resist_v the_o repugnancy_n of_o a_o contrary_a nature_n and_o so_o hap_v what_o will_v it_o have_v great_a possibility_n to_o continue_v the_o same_o the_o second_o observation_n this_o practice_n of_o the_o veneti_n may_v instruct_v a_o circumspect_a prince_n in_o case_n of_o this_o nature_n to_o have_v a_o more_o watchful_a eye_n over_o that_o province_n or_o city_n which_o shall_v be_v find_v most_o potent_a and_o mighty_a among_o the_o rest_n then_o of_o any_o other_o inferior_a state_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o condition_n for_o as_o example_n of_o itself_o be_v of_o great_a authority_n example_n make_v improbability_n seem_v full_a of_o reason_n especial_o when_o the_o intention_n shall_v sympathize_v with_o our_o will_n so_o when_o it_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v strengthen_v with_o powerful_a mean_n and_o grace_v with_o the_o act_n of_o superior_a personage_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v very_o effectual_a to_o stir_v up_o man_n mind_n to_o approve_v that_o with_o a_o strong_a affection_n which_o their_o own_o single_a judgement_n do_v no_o way_n allow_v of_o and_o therefore_o equality_n bring_v this_o advantage_n to_o a_o prince_n which_o difference_n can_v afford_v that_o albeit_o example_n do_v set_v on_o foot_n any_o rebellious_a motion_n yet_o no_o supereminency_n shall_v authorise_v the_o same_o chap._n four_o caesar_n have_v advertisement_n of_o these_o new_a trouble_n haste_v into_o gallia_n and_o prepare_v for_o the_o war_n all_o the_o maritime_a state_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v draw_v into_o the_o same_o conspiracy_n caesar_n they_o send_v a_o embassage_n unto_o crassus_n in_o the_o name_n of_o they_o all_o that_o if_o he_o will_v have_v his_o man_n again_o he_o must_v deliver_v up_o the_o hostage_n which_o he_o have_v take_v from_o they_o whereof_o caesar_n be_v certify_v by_o crassus_n inasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v then_o a_o great_a way_n distant_a from_o his_o army_n he_o command_v galley_n and_o ship_n of_o war_n to_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o river_n ligâ—ris_fw-la loire_n which_o run_v into_o the_o ocean_n and_o that_o gallie-man_n mariner_n and_o ship-master_n shall_v be_v muster_v in_o
point_n between_o their_o fight_n at_o sea_n and_o that_o at_o land_n save_v that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v martial_v in_o troop_n and_o band_n in_o regard_n whereof_o the_o sea-service_n be_v count_v more_o base_a and_o dishonourable_a and_o the_o rather_o inasmuch_o as_o it_o decide_v the_o controversy_n by_o sling_n and_o casting-weapon_n which_o kind_n of_o fight_n be_v of_o less_o honour_n than_o buckle_v at_o handy-blowe_n chap._n vii_o the_o battle_n continue_v and_o caesar_n overcome_v the_o roman_n have_v take_v one_o town_n after_o another_o caesar_n the_o enemy_n still_o convey_v themselves_o to_o the_o next_o so_o that_o caesar_n deem_v it_o but_o lose_a labour_n whilst_o he_o can_v neither_o hinder_v their_o escape_n nor_o do_v they_o any_o mischief_n resolve_v to_o wait_v the_o come_n of_o his_o navy_n which_o be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v but_o the_o enemy_n descry_v it_o present_o make_v out_o 220_o sail_n of_o ship_n wel-appointed_n and_o furnish_v in_o all_o respect_n to_o oppose_v they_o neither_o do_v brutus_n the_o admiral_n nor_o any_o tribune_n or_o centurion_n in_o his_o navy_n know_v what_o to_o do_v or_o what_o course_n of_o fight_n to_o take_v for_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o the_o beak-head_n of_o their_o quinqueremes_n can_v perform_v no_o service_n upon_o they_o and_o although_o they_o shall_v raise_v turret_n according_a to_o their_o use_n yet_o these_o will_v not_o equal_v in_o height_n the_o poup_n of_o the_o enemy_n ship_v so_o that_o therein_o also_o the_o gall_n have_v advantage_n for_o as_o the_o roman_n can_v not_o much_o annoy_v they_o with_o their_o weapon_n in_o regard_n they_o lie_v so_o low_a under_o they_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a their_o dart_n must_v needs_o fall_v with_o great_a advantage_n upon_o the_o roman_n yet_o one_o thing_n there_o be_v among_o their_o provision_n which_o stand_v they_o in_o great_a stead_n for_o the_o roman_n have_v provide_v great_a sharp_a hook_n or_o sickle_n which_o they_o put_v upon_o great_a and_o long_a pole_n these_o they_o fasten_v to_o the_o tackle_n which_o hold_v the_o main-yard_n to_o the_o mast_n and_o then_o hale_v away_o their_o ship_n with_o force_n of_o oar_n they_o cut_v the_o say_v tackle_v and_o the_o main-yard_n fall_v down_o whereby_o the_o gall_n who_o only_a hope_n for_o their_o navy_n consist_v in_o the_o sail_n and_o tackle_n lose_v at_o one_o instant_a both_o their_o sail_n and_o the_o use_n of_o their_o ship_n and_o then_o the_o controversy_n fall_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o valour_n wherein_o the_o roman_n exceed_v the_o gall_n and_o the_o rather_o inasmuch_o as_o they_o fight_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o caesar_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n no_o valiant_a act_n can_v be_v smother_v in_o secret_a for_o all_o the_o hill_n and_o cliff_n which_o afford_v near_o prospect_n into_o the_o sea_n be_v cover_v with_o the_o roman_a army_n their_o main-yard_n be_v cut_v down_o and_o the_o roman_n though_o every_o ship_n of_o they_o have_v two_o or_o three_o of_o the_o enemy_n about_o it_o endeavour_v with_o great_a fury_n to_o board_n they_o fail_v not_o to_o take_v many_o of_o their_o ship_n which_o the_o gall_n perceive_v and_o find_v no_o remedy_n nor_o hope_n of_o resistance_n begin_v all_o to_o fly_v and_o turn_v their_o ship_n to_o a_o fore-wind_n be_v upon_o a_o sudden_a so_o becalm_v that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o make_v no_o way_n at_o all_o which_o fall_v out_o very_o fit_o for_o the_o roman_n who_o now_o fight_v ship_n to_o ship_n easy_o take_v they_o insomuch_o that_o of_o so_o great_a a_o navy_n very_o few_o through_o the_o help_n of_o the_o evening_n escape_v to_o land_n after_o they_o have_v fight_v the_o space_n of_o eight_o hour_n with_o which_o battle_n end_v the_o war_n with_o the_o veneti_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o maritime_a nation_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n both_o young_a and_o old_a in_o who_o there_o be_v either_o courage_n counsel_n or_o dignity_n be_v present_a at_o this_o battle_n and_o all_o the_o ship_n they_o can_v possible_o make_v be_v here_o engage_v take_v and_o lose_v so_o that_o such_o as_o remain_v know_v not_o whither_o to_o go_v nor_o how_o to_o defend_v their_o town_n any_o long_o and_o therefore_o yield_v themselves_o to_o caesar_n towards_o who_o he_o use_v the_o great_a severity_n that_o he_o may_v thereby_o teach_v all_o other_o barbarous_a people_n not_o to_o violate_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n by_o injury_a ambassador_n for_o he_o slay_v all_o the_o senate_n with_o the_o sword_n and_o sell_v the_o people_n for_o bondslave_n the_o observation_n in_o this_o battle_n i_o chief_o observe_v the_o good_a fortune_n which_o usual_o attend_v upon_o industry_n industry_n for_o among_o other_o provision_n which_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v furnish_v out_o to_o the_o use_n of_o this_o war_n they_o have_v make_v ready_a these_o hook_n not_o for_o this_o intent_n wherein_o they_o be_v employ_v but_o at_o all_o occasion_n and_o chance_n that_o may_v happen_v as_o serviceable_a compliment_n rather_o than_o principal_a instrument_n and_o yet_o it_o so_o fall_v out_o that_o they_o prove_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o overthrow_v the_o gall_n which_o prove_v true_a the_o say_n of_o caesar_n that_o industry_n command_v fortune_n and_o buy_v good_a success_n with_o extraordinary_a labour_n for_o industry_n in_o action_n be_v as_o importunity_n in_o speech_n which_o force_v a_o assent_n beyond_o the_o strength_n of_o reason_n and_o strive_v through_o continual_a pursuit_n to_o make_v good_a the_o motive_n by_o often_o inculcation_n and_o at_o length_n find_v that_o disposition_n which_o will_v easy_o admit_v whatsoever_o be_v require_v in_o like_a manner_n diligence_n and_o laboursome_a industry_n by_o circumspect_a and_o heedful_a carriage_n seldom_o fail_v either_o by_o hap_n or_o cunning_a to_o make_v good_a that_o part_n whereon_o the_o main_a point_n of_o the_o matter_n depend_v for_o every_o action_n be_v entangle_v with_o many_o infinite_a adherent_n which_o be_v so_o interest_v in_o the_o matter_n that_o it_o succee_v according_a as_o it_o be_v carry_v answerable_a to_o their_o nature_n of_o these_o adherent_n some_o of_o they_o be_v by_o wisdom_n foresee_v and_o direct_v to_o that_o course_n which_o may_v fortunate_a the_o action_n the_o rest_n be_v unknown_a continue_v without_o either_o direction_n or_o prevention_n and_o be_v all_o under_o the_o regiment_n of_o fortune_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v beyond_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o wise_a reach_n and_o in_o the_o way_n either_o to_o assist_v or_o disadvantage_n of_o these_o industry_n have_v great_a authority_n inasmuch_o as_o she_o arm_v herself_o for_o all_o chance_n whereby_o she_o be_v say_v to_o command_v fortune_n chap._n viii_o sabinus_n overthrow_v the_o vnelli_n perchâ—_n with_o the_o manner_n thereof_o while_o these_o thing_n happen_v in_o the_o state_n of_o vannes_n caesar_n l._n titurius_n sabinus_n enter_v with_o his_o force_n into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o unelli_n over_o these_o viridovix_n rule_v who_o be_v at_o present_a make_v commander_n in_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o revolt_a city_n which_o furnish_v he_o with_o a_o great_a &_o potent_a army_n beside_o this_o the_o roan_n aulerci_n eureux_fw-fr eburonice_n and_o lexovii_n have_v slay_v their_o senate_n because_o they_o will_v not_o countenance_v the_o war_n shut_v their_o gate_n and_o join_v with_o viridovix_n also_o there_o come_v great_a multitude_n to_o they_o out_o of_o gallia_n man_n of_o break_a fortune_n thief_n and_o robber_n who_o the_o hope_n of_o prey_n and_o spoil_n have_v make_v to_o prefer_v the_o war_n before_o husbandry_n and_o day-labour_n sabinus_n encamp_v himself_o in_o a_o convenient_a place_n keep_v his_o soldier_n within_o the_o rampire_n but_o viridovix_n be_v lodge_v within_o less_o than_o two_o mile_n of_o sabinus_n his_o camp_n bring_v out_o his_o force_n daily_o and_o put_v they_o in_o battle_n give_v he_o opportunity_n to_o fight_v if_o he_o will_v which_o sabinus_n refuse_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o he_o begin_v not_o only_o to_o be_v suspect_v by_o the_o enemy_n of_o cowardice_n but_o to_o be_v taunt_v with_o the_o reproachful_a speech_n of_o his_o own_o soldier_n the_o opinion_n of_o his_o be_v fearful_a thus_o settle_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o use_v all_o mean_n to_o increase_v it_o and_o carry_v it_o so_o well_o that_o the_o enemy_n dare_v approach_v the_o very_a rampire_n of_o the_o camp_n the_o colour_n that_o he_o pretend_v be_v that_o he_o think_v it_o not_o the_o part_n of_o a_o legate_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o general_n to_o sight_n with_o a_o enemy_n of_o that_o strength_n but_o upon_o some_o good_a opportunity_n or_o in_o a_o place_n of_o advantage_n in_o this_o general_a persuasion_n of_o fear_n sabinus_n choose_v out_o a_o subtle-witted_a gall_n a_o auxiliarie_n
work_n that_o they_o be_v of_o high_a esteem_n among_o the_o roman_n who_o daily_a experience_n and_o exigent_n of_o hazard_n have_v teach_v to_o 〈…〉_z the_o ready_a mean_n both_o for_o security_n and_o victory_n and_o if_o our_o soldier_n can_v be_v bring_v to_o 〈◊〉_d the_o commodity_n of_o these_o work_n either_o by_o persuasion_n or_o impulsion_n it_o be_v the_o best_a part_n of_o their_o warlike_a practice_n but_o our_o man_n have_v 〈◊〉_d upon_o desperate_a adventure_n and_o seek_v victory_n in_o the_o jaw_n of_o death_n then_o to_o clear_v all_o hazard_n with_o pain_n and_o diligence_n chap._n xii_o caesar_n undertake_v the_o war_n with_o the_o menapii_n and_o morini_n at_o the_o same_o time_n also_o caesar_n although_o the_o summer_n be_v almost_o at_o a_o end_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o all_o gallia_n be_v in_o peace_n and_o the_o throne_n morini_n only_o with_o the_o 〈◊〉_d menapii_n stand_v out_o in_o arm_n and_o have_v never_o either_o send_v ambassador_n or_o otherwise_o treat_v of_o peace_n caesar_n think_v that_o war_n may_v quick_o be_v end_v lead_v his_o army_n into_o their_o country_n at_o his_o come_n he_o find_v they_o to_o carry_v their_o war_n far_o otherwise_o then_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o gall_n have_v do_v for_o understanding_n that_o the_o great_a nation_n of_o gallia_n which_o have_v wage_v battle_n with_o the_o roman_n be_v beat_v and_o overthrow_v and_o have_v whole_a continent_n of_o wood_n and_o bog_n in_o their_o territory_n they_o convey_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o good_n into_o those_o quarter_n caesar_n come_v to_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o wood_n begin_v to_o fortify_v his_o camp_n not_o discover_v any_o enemy_n near_o about_o he_o but_o as_o his_o man_n be_v disperse_v in_o their_o charge_n they_o sudden_o sally_v out_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o assault_v the_o roman_n but_o be_v speedy_o drive_v in_o again_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o of_o they_o as_o the_o roman_n follow_v they_o far_o into_o the_o wood_n they_o have_v some_o few_o of_o their_o man_n slay_v the_o time_n that_o remain_v caesar_n resolve_v to_o spend_v in_o cut_v down_o the_o wood_n and_o lest_o the_o soldier_n may_v be_v take_v unaware_o while_o they_o be_v busy_v in_o that_o work_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o place_v all_o the_o tree_n which_o they_o cut_v down_o on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o army_n that_o they_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o defence_n against_o sudden_a assault_n a_o great_a quantity_n of_o ground_n be_v thus_o rid_v within_o a_o few_o day_n so_o that_o their_o good_n and_o cattle_n be_v taâ—en_v by_o the_o roman_n but_o they_o themselves_o be_v flee_v into_o thick_a wood_n at_o which_o time_n there_o happen_v such_o a_o continual_a rain_n as_o force_v they_o to_o leave_v off_o the_o work_n and_o the_o soldier_n can_v no_o long_o endure_v to_o lie_v in_o scent_n of_o skin_n and_o therefore_o caesar_n after_o he_o have_v waste_v and_o spoil_v their_o country_n burn_v their_o town_n and_o their_o house_n carry_v back_o his_o army_n and_o place_v they_o among_o the_o aulerci_n lexovii_n &_o in_o other_o city_n to_o winter_n in_o which_o be_v subdue_v in_o the_o late_a war_n observation_n the_o irish_a rebel_n have_v the_o like_a commodity_n of_o wood_n and_o bog_n do_v entertain_v the_o like_a course_n of_o war_n as_o the_o morini_n do_v with_o caesar_n the_o mean_n which_o he_o use_v to_o disappoint_v they_o of_o that_o practice_n be_v to_o cut_v down_o the_o wood_n which_o if_o it_o be_v think_v monstrous_a in_o this_o age_n or_o ridiculous_a to_o our_o man_n of_o war_n let_v they_o consider_v that_o the_o roman_a discipline_n wrought_v great_a effect_n of_o valour_n then_o can_v be_v make_v credible_a by_o the_o use_n of_o these_o time_n for_o beside_o their_o exquisite_a discipline_n which_o of_o itself_o be_v able_a to_o frame_v pattern_n of_o unexampled_a magnanimity_n their_o industry_n be_v admirable_a in_o the_o execution_n thereof_o and_o carry_v it_o with_o such_o uncessant_a travel_n that_o the_o soldier_n think_v it_o great_a happiness_n when_o they_o come_v to_o wage_v battle_n with_o the_o enemy_n and_o can_v have_v mean_n to_o quit_v their_o continual_a travel_n with_o the_o hazard_n of_o their_o life_n neither_o let_v it_o seem_v strange_a that_o the_o roman_n undertake_v to_o cut_v down_o the_o wood_n but_o rather_o let_v we_o admire_v their_o facility_n in_o so_o difficult_a a_o task_n for_o as_o the_o history_n witness_v magno_fw-la spacio_fw-la paucis_fw-la diebus_fw-la confecto_fw-la incredibili_fw-la celeritate_fw-la a_o great_a quantity_n of_o ground_n be_v rid_v in_o a_o few_o day_n with_o incredible_a speed_n and_o after_o the_o wood_n be_v cut_v down_o they_o take_v more_o pain_n in_o place_v it_o on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o legion_n to_o hinder_v any_o sudden_a assault_n than_o they_o do_v in_o cut_v it_o down_o which_o deserve_v as_o great_a admiration_n as_o the_o former_a part_n there_o be_v another_o place_n in_o the_o six_o book_n of_o these_o commentary_n which_o express_v more_o particular_o the_o nature_n of_o such_o war_n and_o may_v serve_v to_o acquaint_v we_o with_o that_o which_o caesar_n do_v in_o these_o difficulty_n the_o eburones_n or_o the_o man_n of_o liege_n have_v the_o like_a commodity_n of_o wood_n and_o bog_n and_o make_v use_v of_o they_o in_o the_o war_n they_o have_v with_o caesar_n the_o matter_n say_v he_o require_v great_a diligence_n not_o so_o much_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o peril_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n for_o there_o can_v no_o danger_n come_v from_o a_o enemy_n that_o be_v fright_v and_o disperse_v as_o the_o safety_n of_o every_o particular_a soldier_n which_o in_o part_n do_v pertain_v to_o the_o welfare_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n for_o the_o desire_n of_o a_o booty_n carry_v many_o of_o the_o soldier_n far_o from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o wood_n be_v full_a of_o unknown_a and_o secret_a passage_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o go_v either_o thick_a together_o or_o close_o imbattel_v if_o he_o desire_v to_o have_v the_o war_n end_v and_o the_o race_n of_o those_o wicked_a man_n to_o be_v root_v out_o he_o must_v of_o force_n make_v many_o small_a company_n and_o divide_v his_o man_n into_o many_o body_n but_o if_o he_o will_v have_v the_o maniple_n to_o keep_v at_o their_o ensign_n as_o the_o discipline_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n require_v than_o the_o place_n be_v a_o shelter_n and_o defence_n to_o the_o enemy_n neither_o do_v they_o want_v courage_n to_o lay_v ambushment_n and_o to_o circumvent_v such_o as_o they_o find_v alone_o straggle_v from_o their_o company_n in_o these_o difficulty_n there_o be_v as_o much_o do_v as_o diligence_n can_v do_v provide_v rather_o to_o be_v want_v in_o the_o offensive_a part_n although_o all_o man_n mind_n be_v set_v on_o fire_n with_o revenge_n then_o to_o hurt_v the_o enemy_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n caesar_n send_v messenger_n to_o the_o border_a state_n to_o come_v out_o and_o sack_v the_o eburones_n and_o they_o shall_v have_v all_o the_o prey_n for_o their_o labour_n that_o the_o life_n of_o the_o gall_n rather_o than_o his_o legionary_a soldier_n may_v be_v hazard_v in_o those_o wood_n as_o also_o that_o with_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n both_o the_o race_n and_o name_n of_o that_o people_n may_v be_v quite_o extinguish_v there_o be_v many_o particularity_n in_o this_o relation_n which_o concern_v the_o true_a motion_n of_o the_o irish_a war_n which_o may_v be_v better_o observe_v by_o such_o as_o know_v those_o war_n by_o experience_n then_o by_o myself_o that_o understand_v they_o only_o by_o relation_n and_o therefore_o to_o prevent_v such_o exception_n as_o my_o rule_n shall_v make_v of_o the_o parallel_n in_o these_o two_o case_n i_o will_v leave_v it_o to_o be_v do_v by_o themselves_o and_o thus_o end_v the_o three_o commentary_n the_o four_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n the_o usipetes_n and_o tenchtheri_n be_v drive_v to_o seek_v new_a seat_n in_o gallia_n they_o drive_v the_o menapii_n out_o of_o their_o territory_n but_o in_o the_o end_n be_v overthrow_v by_o caesar_n that_o war_n be_v end_v he_o make_v a_o bridge_n upon_o the_o rhine_n and_o carry_v his_o army_n over_o into_o germany_n he_o take_v revenge_n upon_o the_o sicambri_n and_o give_v liberty_n to_o the_o ubii_n return_v into_o gallia_n and_o carry_v his_o army_n over_o into_o brittany_n with_o the_o occurrence_n of_o that_o war_n chap._n i._n the_o vsipetes_n zutphen_n and_o tenchtheri_n hassia_n bring_v great_a multitude_n of_o people_n over_o the_o rhine_n into_o gallia_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o suevi_n the_o winter_n follow_v caesar_n pompey_z and_o crassus_n be_v consul_n the_o usipetes_n and_o tenchtheri_n two_o german_a nation_n pass_v over_o the_o
i_o have_v note_v in_o my_o former_a discourse_n the_o cause_n of_o a_o unpeaceable_a government_n be_v as_o well_o external_a and_o foreign_a as_o internal_a and_o breed_v in_o the_o body_n which_o need_v the_o help_n of_o a_o physician_n to_o continue_v the_o body_n in_o a_o perfect_a state_n of_o health_n &_o require_v as_o great_a a_o diligence_n to_o qualify_v their_o malicious_a operation_n as_o any_o internal_a sickness_n whatsoever_o in_o the_o second_o commentary_n i_o brief_o touch_v the_o commodity_n of_o good_a discovery_n but_o because_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n in_o the_o fortunate_a carriage_n of_o a_o war_n i_o will_v once_o again_o by_o this_o example_n of_o caesar_n remember_v a_o general_n not_o to_o be_v negligent_a in_o this_o duty_n suetonius_n in_o the_o life_n of_o our_o caesar_n report_v that_o he_o never_o undertake_v any_o expedition_n but_o he_o first_o receive_v true_a intelligence_n of_o the_o particular_a site_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o country_n as_o also_o of_o the_o manner_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o people_n and_o that_o he_o will_v not_o undertake_v the_o voyage_n into_o brittany_n until_o he_o have_v make_v perfect_a discovery_n by_o himself_o of_o the_o magnitude_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o island_n which_o suetonius_n may_v understand_v by_o this_o first_o voyage_n which_o caesar_n will_v needs_o undertake_v in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o a_o summer_n although_o it_o be_v as_o he_o himself_o say_v but_o to_o discover_v it_o be_v record_v by_o ancient_a writer_n that_o those_o demigod_n that_o govern_v the_o world_n in_o their_o time_n give_v great_a honour_n to_o the_o exercise_n of_o hunt_v as_o the_o perfect_a image_n of_o war_n in_o the_o resemblance_n of_o all_o part_n and_o namely_o in_o the_o discovery_n and_o knowledge_n of_o a_o country_n without_o which_o all_o enterprise_n either_o of_o sport_n in_o hunt_v or_o earnest_n in_o war_n be_v frivolous_a and_o of_o no_o effect_n and_o therefore_o xenophon_n in_o the_o life_n of_o cyrus_n show_v that_o his_o expedition_n against_o the_o king_n of_o armenia_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o repetition_n of_o such_o sport_n as_o he_o have_v use_v in_o hunt_v howsoever_o if_o the_o infinite_a example_n register_v in_o history_n how_o by_o the_o dexterity_n of_o some_o leader_n it_o have_v gain_v great_a victory_n and_o through_o the_o negligence_n of_o other_o irrecoverable_a overthrow_n be_v not_o sufficient_a motive_n to_o persuade_v they_o to_o this_o duty_n let_v their_o own_o experience_n in_o matter_n of_o small_a moment_n manifest_v the_o weakness_n of_o their_o proceed_n when_o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o chief_a circumstance_n of_o the_o matter_n they_o have_v in_o hand_n but_o let_v this_o suffice_v in_o the_o second_o place_n to_o prove_v the_o necessity_n of_o good_a discovery_n and_o let_v we_o learn_v of_o caesar_n what_o be_v principal_o to_o be_v inquire_v after_o in_o the_o discovery_n of_o a_o unknown_a country_n as_o first_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o land_n second_o what_o nation_n inhabit_v it_o three_o their_o use_n of_o war_n four_a their_o civil_a government_n and_o last_o what_o havens_n they_o have_v to_o receive_v a_o navy_n of_o great_a ship_n all_o which_o circumstance_n be_v such_o principal_a artery_n in_o the_o body_n of_o a_o state_n that_o the_o discovery_n of_o any_o one_o of_o these_o demand_n will_v have_v give_v great_a light_n concern_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n chap._n ix_o caesar_n send_v c._n volusenus_n to_o discover_v the_o coast_n of_o brittany_n and_o prepare_v himself_o for_o that_o voyage_n caesar_n send_v out_o caius_n volusenus_n with_o a_o galley_n to_o discover_v what_o he_o can_v concern_v these_o thing_n caesar_n with_o charge_n that_o have_v make_v perfect_a discovery_n he_o shall_v return_v again_o unto_o he_o as_o speedy_o as_o may_v be_v he_o himself_o march_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n with_o all_o his_o force_n unto_o the_o monstrâ—ul_a morini_n forasmuch_o as_o from_o thence_o lay_v the_o short_a cut_n into_o brittany_n thither_o he_o command_v that_o ship_n shall_v be_v bring_v from_o all_o the_o maritime_a city_n of_o that_o quarter_n and_o namely_o that_o fleet_n which_o he_o have_v build_v the_o year_n before_o for_o the_o war_n at_o vannes_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n his_o resolution_n be_v know_v and_o carry_v into_o brittany_n by_o merchant_n and_o other_o many_o private_a state_n of_o that_o island_n send_v ambassador_n unto_o he_o promise_v he_o hostage_n of_o their_o loyalty_n and_o signify_v their_o readiness_n to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o roman_a empire_n to_o these_o he_o make_v liberal_a promise_n exhort_v they_o to_o continue_v in_o that_o obedience_n and_o so_o send_v they_o back_o again_o and_o with_o they_o he_o send_v comius_n who_o he_o have_v make_v king_n of_o arras_n who_o wisdom_n and_o virtue_n he_o hold_v in_o good_a account_n and_o who_o he_o take_v to_o be_v faithful_a to_o he_o and_o of_o great_a authority_n in_o those_o region_n to_o he_o he_o give_v in_o charge_n to_o go_v to_o as_o many_o of_o the_o state_n as_o he_o can_v and_o persuade_v they_o to_o accept_v of_o the_o friendship_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o acquaint_v they_o that_o caesar_n himself_o will_v present_o follow_v after_o volusenus_n have_v take_v what_o view_n of_o the_o country_n he_o can_v for_o he_o dare_v not_o go_v on_o shore_n to_o commit_v himself_o to_o the_o barbarism_n of_o the_o enemy_n after_o five_o day_n return_v to_o caesar_n and_o relate_v unto_o he_o all_o that_o he_o have_v discover_v whilst_o caesar_n stay_v in_o those_o part_n for_o the_o furnish_n of_o his_o fleet_n the_o morini_n send_v messenger_n unto_o he_o excuse_v themselves_o for_o their_o former_a fault_n that_o be_v a_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a people_n and_o altogether_o unacquainted_a with_o our_o custom_n they_o have_v make_v war_n against_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o withal_o manifest_v their_o readiness_n to_o obey_v his_o command_n caesar_n not_o willing_a to_o leave_v any_o enemy_n behind_o he_o or_o to_o engage_v in_o a_o new_a war_n at_o this_o time_n of_o the_o year_n or_o to_o neglect_v his_o voyage_n into_o brittany_n for_o such_o small_a matter_n willing_o accept_v of_o their_o submission_n have_v first_o receive_v many_o hostage_n of_o they_o and_o have_v make_v ready_a eighty_o ship_n of_o burden_n which_o he_o think_v sufficient_a to_o transport_v two_o legion_n he_o divide_v the_o galley_n to_o the_o quaestor_n the_o legate_n and_o the_o commander_n of_o the_o horse_n there_o be_v also_o eighteen_o ship_n of_o burden_n more_o which_o lie_v wind-bound_a at_o a_o port_n eight_o mile_n off_o and_o they_o he_o appoint_v for_o the_o horseman_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n he_o commit_v to_o q._n titurius_n sabinus_n and_o luc._n aurunculcius_fw-la cotta_n command_v they_o to_o go_v to_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o menapii_n &_o into_o those_o part_n of_o the_o morini_n who_o have_v send_v no_o ambassador_n to_o he_o and_o appoint_v p._n sulp._n rufus_n a_o legate_n to_o keep_v the_o port_n with_o a_o sufficient_a garrison_n chap._n x._o caesar_n fail_v into_o brittany_n and_o land_v his_o man_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o dispatch_v caesar_n have_v a_o good_a wind_n in_o the_o three_o watch_n he_o put_v out_o to_o sea_n command_v his_o horseman_n to_o â—mbark_v themselves_o at_o the_o further_a port_n and_o follow_v he_o which_o be_v but_o slow_o perform_v he_o himself_o arrive_v upon_o the_o coast_n about_o the_o four_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n where_o he_o find_v all_o the_o cliff_n possess_v with_o the_o force_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n be_v such_o that_o the_o hill_n lay_v so_o steep_a over_o the_o sea_n that_o a_o weapon_n may_v easy_o be_v cast_v from_o the_o high_a ground_n upon_o the_o low_a shore_n and_o therefore_o he_o think_v it_o no_o fit_a landing-place_n notwithstanding_o he_o cast_v anchor_n until_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o navy_n be_v come_v up_o unto_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n call_v a_o council_n of_o the_o legate_n and_o tribune_n he_o declare_v unto_o they_o what_o advertisement_n he_o have_v receive_v by_o volusenus_n and_o tell_v they_o what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v and_o withal_o admonish_v they_o that_o the_o course_n of_o military_a affair_n and_o especial_o sea_n matter_n that_o have_v so_o sudden_a and_o unconstant_a a_o motion_n require_v all_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v at_o a_o beck_n and_o in_o due_a time_n the_o council_n be_v dismiss_v have_v both_o wind_n and_o tide_n with_o he_o he_o weigh_v anchour_n and_o sail_v eight_o mile_n from_o that_o place_n unto_o a_o plain_a and_o open_a shore_n the_o britain_n perceive_v the_o roman_n determination_n send_v their_o horse_n and_o chariot_n which_o they_o common_o use_v in_o war_n before_o &_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o
caesar_n caesar_n although_o he_o have_v not_o discover_v their_o determination_n yet_o conjecture_v of_o the_o event_n by_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o ship_n and_o by_o their_o delay_n of_o give_v up_o hostage_n provide_v against_o all_o chance_n for_o he_o bring_v corn_n daily_o out_o of_o the_o field_n into_o his_o camp_n and_o take_v the_o hull_n of_o such_o ship_n as_o be_v most_o dismember_v and_o with_o the_o timber_n and_o brass_n thereof_o he_o mend_v the_o rest_n that_o be_v beat_v with_o the_o tempest_n cause_v other_o necessary_n to_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o gallia_n which_o be_v handle_v with_o the_o great_a industry_n and_o travel_n of_o the_o soldier_n he_o lose_v only_o twelve_o ship_n and_o make_v the_o other_o able_a to_o abide_v the_o sea_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v in_o action_n the_o seven_o legion_n be_v send_v out_o by_o course_n to_o fetch_v in_o corn_n and_o little_o suspect_v any_o motion_n of_o war_n as_o part_v of_o the_o soldier_n continue_v in_o the_o field_n and_o the_o rest_n go_v &_o come_v between_o they_o and_o the_o camp_n the_o station_n that_o watch_v before_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o camp_n give_v advertisement_n to_o caesar_n that_o the_o same_o way_n which_o the_o legion_n go_v there_o appear_v a_o great_a dust_n than_o be_v usual_o see_v caesar_n suspect_v that_o which_o indeed_o be_v true_a that_o the_o britan_n be_v enter_v into_o some_o new_a resolution_n he_o take_v those_o two_o cohort_n which_o be_v in_o station_n before_o the_o port_n command_v other_o two_o to_o take_v their_o place_n and_o the_o rest_n to_o arm_v themselves_o and_o present_o to_o follow_v he_o and_o go_v that_o way_n where_o the_o dust_n be_v descry_v and_o when_o he_o have_v march_v some_o distance_n from_o the_o camp_n he_o see_v his_o man_n overcharge_v with_o the_o enemy_n and_o scarce_o able_a to_o sustain_v the_o assault_n the_o legion_n throng_v together_o on_o a_o heap_n and_o weapon_n cast_v from_o all_o part_n among_o they_o for_o when_o they_o have_v harve_v all_o other_o quarter_n there_o remain_v one_o piece_n of_o corn_n whither_o the_o enemy_n suspect_v the_o roman_n will_v at_o last_o come_v and_o in_o the_o night_n time_n convey_v themselves_o secret_o into_o the_o wood_n where_o they_o continue_v until_o the_o roman_n be_v come_v into_o the_o field_n and_o as_o they_o see_v they_o disarm_v disperse_v and_o occupy_v in_o reap_v they_o sudden_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o slay_v some_o few_o of_o they_o rout_z the_o rest_n and_o encompass_v they_o about_o with_o their_o horseman_n and_o chariot_n their_o manner_n of_o fight_n with_o chariot_n be_v first_o to_o ride_v up_o and_o down_o and_o cast_v their_o weapon_n as_o they_o see_v advantage_n and_o with_o the_o terror_n of_o their_o horse_n and_o rattle_a of_o their_o wheel_n to_o disorder_v the_o company_n and_o when_o they_o have_v wound_v themselves_o between_o any_o troop_n of_o horse_n they_o forsake_v their_o chariot_n and_o fight_v on_o foot_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o guider_n of_o their_o chariot_n will_v drive_v a_o little_a aside_o and_o so_o place_n themselves_o that_o if_o their_o master_n need_v any_o help_n they_o may_v have_v a_o easy_a passage_n unto_o they_o and_o thus_o they_o perform_v in_o all_o their_o fight_n both_o the_o nimble_a motion_n of_o horseman_n and_o the_o firm_a stability_n of_o footman_n &_o be_v so_o ready_a with_o daily_a practice_n that_o they_o can_v stay_v in_o the_o declivity_n of_o a_o steep_a hill_n &_o turn_v short_a or_o moderate_v their_o go_n as_o it_o seem_v best_o unto_o they_o and_o run_v along_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o coach_n &_o rest_n upon_o the_o yoke_n or_o harness_n of_o their_o horse_n &_o return_v as_o speedy_o again_o at_o their_o pleasure_n the_o roman_n be_v thus_o trouble_v caesar_n come_v to_o rescue_v they_o in_o very_o good_a time_n for_o at_o his_o come_v the_o enemy_n stand_v still_o &_o the_o soldier_n gather_v their_o spirit_n unto_o they_o &_o begin_v to_o renew_v their_o courage_n that_o be_v almost_o spend_v caesar_n take_v it_o a_o unfit_a time_n either_o to_o provoke_v the_o enemy_n or_o to_o give_v he_o battle_n continue_v a_o while_n in_o the_o same_o place_n &_o then_o return_v with_o the_o legion_n into_o the_o camp_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v a_o do_v and_o the_o roman_n thus_o busy_v the_o britan_n that_o be_v in_o the_o field_n convey_v themselves_o all_o away_o the_o first_o observation_n by_o this_o we_o plain_o find_v that_o there_o be_v usual_o two_o cohort_n which_o according_a to_o the_o rate_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o in_o a_o maniple_n amount_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 720._o man_n which_o keep_v the_o day-watch_n before_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o camp_n and_o be_v always_o in_o readiness_n upon_o any_o service_n the_o commodity_n whereof_o appear_v by_o this_o accident_n for_o consider_v that_o the_o advertisement_n require_v haste_n and_o speedy_a recourse_n it_o great_o further_v their_o rescue_n to_o have_v so_o many_o man_n ready_a to_o march_v forward_o at_o the_o first_o motion_n that_o they_o may_v give_v what_o help_n they_o can_v until_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o fellow_n come_v in_o the_o second_o observation_n their_o manner_n of_o fight_n with_o chariot_n be_v very_o particular_o describe_v by_o caesar_n and_o need_v not_o to_o be_v stand_v upon_o any_o long_o only_o i_o observe_v that_o neither_o in_o gallia_n nor_o any_o other_o country_n of_o europe_n the_o use_n of_o chariot_n be_v ever_o mention_v but_o they_o have_v ever_o be_v attribute_v as_o a_o peculiar_a fight_n unto_o the_o eastern_a country_n as_o suitable_a to_o the_o plain_a and_o level_v situation_n of_o the_o place_n whereof_o we_o find_v often_o mention_v in_o the_o scripture_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o argument_n of_o geoffrey_n of_o monmouth_n to_o prove_v the_o britan_n descent_n from_o troy_n in_o asia_n where_o we_o likewise_o find_v mention_n of_o such_o chariot_n the_o three_o observation_n three_o we_o may_v observe_v the_o discreet_a and_o moderate_a temper_n of_o his_o valour_n and_o the_o mean_n he_o use_v to_o make_v his_o soldier_n confident_a in_o his_o direction_n for_o notwithstanding_o the_o britan_n have_v exceed_o urge_v he_o to_o make_v hazard_n of_o a_o present_a revenge_n yet_o find_v it_o a_o unfit_a time_n inasmuch_o as_o his_o man_n have_v be_v somewhat_o trouble_v with_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o britan_n he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o expect_v some_o other_o opportunity_n and_o again_o to_o avoid_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o a_o fearful_a retreat_n he_o continue_v a_o while_n in_o the_o same_o place_n to_o embolden_v his_o man_n with_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o this_o manner_n of_o proceed_v wrought_v a_o full_a persuasion_n in_o his_o soldier_n that_o his_o action_n be_v direct_v with_o knowledge_n and_o with_o a_o careful_a respect_n of_o their_o safety_n which_o give_v his_o man_n resolution_n when_o they_o be_v carry_v upon_o service_n be_v assure_v that_o what_o service_n soever_o they_o be_v employ_v upon_o be_v most_o diligent_o to_o be_v perform_v as_o a_o matter_n much_o import_v the_o fortunate_a issue_n of_o that_o war_n whereas_o if_o they_o have_v perceive_v that_o headstrong_a fury_n which_o carry_v man_n on_o with_o a_o desire_n of_o victory_n and_o never_o look_v into_o the_o mean_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v obtain_v have_v direct_v the_o course_n of_o their_o proceed_n they_o may_v with_o reason_n have_v draw_v back_o from_o such_o employment_n and_o value_v their_o safety_n above_o the_o issue_n of_o such_o a_o enterprise_n and_o hence_o arise_v that_o confident_a opinion_n which_o the_o soldier_n have_v of_o a_o good_a general_n which_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n in_o the_o course_n of_o war_n chap._n xiii_o the_o britan_n make_v head_n with_o their_o force_n and_o be_v beat_v by_o caesar_n his_o return_n into_o gallia_n after_o this_o for_o many_o day_n together_o there_o follow_v such_o tempest_n and_o foul_a weather_n caesar_n that_o both_o the_o roman_n be_v constrain_v to_o keep_v their_o camp_n and_o the_o britan_n be_v keep_v from_o attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o they_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n they_o send_v messenger_n into_o all_o quarter_n publish_v the_o small_a number_n of_o the_o roman_a force_n and_o amplify_a the_o greatness_n of_o the_o booty_n and_o the_o easy_a mean_n offer_v unto_o they_o of_o perpetual_a liberty_n if_o they_o can_v take_v the_o roman_a camp_n short_o upon_o this_o have_v gather_v a_o great_a company_n both_o of_o horse_n &_o foot_n they_o come_v to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o roman_n be_v encamp_v caesar_n although_o he_o foresee_v the_o event_n by_o that_o which_o before_o have_v happen_v that_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v beat_v back_o he_o will_v avoid_v the_o danger_n by_o
enemy_n this_o speech_n be_v not_o unpleasing_a to_o the_o gall_n and_o the_o rather_o that_o he_o himself_o be_v not_o deject_v in_o spirit_n upon_o so_o great_a a_o loss_n nor_o do_v hide_v himself_o or_o fly_v the_o presence_n of_o the_o multitude_n be_v the_o more_o esteem_v forasmuch_o as_o when_o the_o matter_n be_v in_o question_n he_o first_o think_v it_o fit_a that_o avaricum_n shall_v be_v burn_v and_o afterward_o he_o persuade_v they_o to_o forsake_v it_o wherein_o as_o misfortune_n and_o adversity_n do_v impair_v the_o authority_n of_o other_o commander_n so_o contrariwise_o his_o honour_n daily_o increase_v by_o the_o loss_n which_o he_o receive_v and_o withal_o they_o be_v in_o great_a hope_n upon_o his_o affirmation_n to_o win_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o state_n unto_o they_o and_o that_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o the_o gall_n begin_v to_o fortify_v their_o camp_n be_v so_o appall_v in_o spirit_n that_o where_o they_o ever_o be_v unaccustomed_a to_o labour_v yet_o they_o think_v it_o their_o part_n to_o suffer_v and_o undergo_v all_o that_o be_v command_v they_o the_o first_o observation_n next_o to_o the_o knowledge_n and_o experience_n of_o war_n courage_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o requisite_a in_o a_o great_a commander_n than_o greatness_n of_o spirit_n for_o where_o his_o employment_n consist_v in_o manage_v the_o great_a business_n of_o the_o world_n such_o as_o be_v the_o slaughter_n of_o many_o thousand_o in_o a_o hour_n the_o sack_n of_o city_n the_o fight_v of_o battle_n the_o alteration_n of_o commonweal_n victory_n triumph_n and_o the_o conquest_n of_o kingdom_n which_o like_o the_o constellation_n in_o the_o eight_o sphere_n be_v leave_v to_o succeed_a age_n in_o such_o character_n as_o can_v be_v deface_v and_o make_v a_o impression_n of_o the_o great_a measure_n of_o joy_n or_o the_o great_a heap_n of_o sorrow_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o his_o courage_n be_v answerable_a to_o such_o a_o fortune_n neither_o to_o be_v crush_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o adversity_n nor_o puff_v up_o with_o the_o pride_n of_o victory_n but_o in_o all_o time_n to_o show_v the_o same_o constancy_n of_o mind_n and_o to_o temper_v extremity_n with_o a_o settle_a resolution_n of_o this_o metal_n and_o temper_n quadratus_fw-la be_v the_o philosopher_n homo_fw-la quadratus_fw-la make_v of_o such_o as_o camillus_n be_v in_o rome_n for_o never_o speech_n do_v better_o beseem_v a_o great_a personage_n then_o that_o of_o he_o have_v know_v both_o the_o favour_n and_o the_o disgrace_n of_o fortune_n nec_fw-la mihi_fw-la dictatura_fw-la animos_fw-la fecit_fw-la necexilium_fw-la ademit_fw-la neither_o do_v my_o dictatorship_n puff_v i_o up_o nor_o my_o banishment_n sink_v my_o spirit_n say_v he_o whereas_o weak_a spirit_n do_v either_o vanish_v away_o in_o the_o smoke_n of_o folly_n be_v drink_v with_o the_o joy_n of_o please_a fortune_n or_o otherwise_o upon_o a_o change_n of_o good_a time_n do_v become_v more_o base_a and_o abject_a than_o the_o thief_n that_o be_v take_v in_o the_o fact_n such_o as_o perseus_n the_o last_o macedonian_a king_n be_v aemilia_n who_o beside_o his_o ill_a fortune_n for_o lose_v his_o kingdom_n in_o the_o space_n of_o one_o hour_n have_v ever_o since_o stand_v attaint_v of_o a_o base_a and_o abject_a mind_n unworthy_a the_o throne_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a the_o wise_a roman_n use_v all_o mean_n to_o give_v courage_n and_o spirit_n to_o their_o leader_n and_o to_o free_v their_o mind_n from_o such_o external_a respect_n which_o loss_n or_o dishonour_n may_v cast_v upon_o they_o and_o therefore_o when_o varro_n have_v fight_v so_o rash_o at_o cannae_n that_o he_o have_v like_a to_o have_v lose_v the_o roman_a empire_n to_o annibal_n plutarch_n upon_o his_o return_n to_o rome_n the_o whole_a senate_n go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o and_o although_o they_o can_v not_o thank_v he_o for_o the_o battle_n yet_o they_o give_v he_o thanks_o that_o he_o be_v return_v home_o again_o whereby_o he_o seem_v not_o to_o despair_v of_o the_o state_n of_o rome_n in_o like_a manner_n do_v the_o gall_n congratulate_v vercingetorix_n that_o notwithstanding_o so_o great_a a_o loss_n he_o be_v neither_o deject_v in_o spirit_n nor_o do_v hide_v himself_o from_o the_o multitude_n but_o as_o a_o commander_n of_o high_a resolution_n have_v find_v out_o mean_n to_o heal_v those_o harm_n and_o to_o recompense_v the_o loss_n of_o aâ—arâ—cum_n with_o the_o unite_n of_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n into_o one_o confederacy_n the_o second_o observation_n second_o we_o may_v observe_v how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o a_o counsel_n touch_v any_o important_a or_o grave_a deliberation_n state_n or_o to_o lay_v down_o any_o project_n for_o the_o service_n of_o a_o state_n for_o all_o man_n be_v blind_a in_o this_o point_n that_o they_o judge_v of_o good_a or_o ill_a counsel_n by_o the_o success_n and_o look_v no_o further_o than_o the_o end_n which_o it_o take_v which_o prove_v disastrous_a or_o unfortunate_a do_v either_o bring_v the_o author_n to_o destruction_n or_o into_o danger_n both_o of_o life_n and_o state_n in_o the_o occurrence_n of_o this_o kingdom_n it_o appear_v that_o henry_n the_o five_o be_v solicit_v by_o the_o commons_o touch_v the_o abbey_n in_o england_n and_o move_v by_o petition_n exhibit_v in_o parliament_n to_o that_o which_o be_v afterward_o accomplish_v by_o henry_n the_o eight_o be_v divert_v from_o those_o thought_n by_o a_o eloquent_a oration_n make_v in_o parliament_n by_o henry_n chicheley_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n holinshead_n a_o grave_n and_o learned_a prelate_n persuade_v the_o king_n by_o many_o conclude_a reason_n to_o carry_v a_o great_a power_n into_o france_n and_o there_o to_o make_v his_o claim_n for_o that_o kingdom_n according_a to_o the_o right_n derive_v unto_o he_o from_o his_o noble_a progenitor_n whereupon_o the_o king_n be_v persuade_v to_o undertake_v that_o war_n which_o alâ—_n 〈◊〉_d fall_v out_o most_o happy_o yet_o the_o bishop_n to_o satisfy_v both_o the_o king_n and_o the_o people_n for_o his_o former_a counsel_n whereby_o many_o man_n be_v lose_v build_v a_o college_n in_o oxford_n dedicate_v to_o all_o soul_n wherein_o 〈◊〉_d place_v courty_a scholar_n to_o make_v supplication_n for_o all_o soul_n and_o special_o for_o such_o as_o have_v be_v mischieve_v in_o france_n in_o the_o time_n of_o that_o war_n vercingetorix_n be_v happy_a in_o this_o point_n for_o he_o persuade_v the_o gall_n not_o to_o keep_v avaricum_n but_o to_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v burn_v as_o a_o enemy_n to_o their_o safety_n and_o thereupon_o he_o do_v not_o let_v to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o his_o opinion_n as_o free_a from_o the_o danger_n which_o happen_v to_o a_o great_a man_n near_o unto_o perseus_n who_o i_o last_o speak_v of_o who_o after_o his_o overthrow_n by_o paulus_n aemilius_n be_v tell_v by_o that_o party_n of_o many_o error_n which_o he_o have_v commit_v in_o the_o carriage_n of_o that_o war_n conciliant_fw-la turn_v himself_o sudden_o say_v traitor_n have_v thou_o reserve_v thy_o counsel_n until_o now_o when_o there_o be_v no_o remedy_n and_o therewithal_o as_o some_o report_n slay_v he_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o this_o be_v it_o that_o give_v vercingetorix_n that_o happiness_n ut_fw-la reliquorum_fw-la imperatorum_fw-la res_fw-la adversae_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la minuunt_fw-la sic_fw-la huius_fw-la ex_fw-la contrario_fw-la dâ—gnitas_fw-la incommodo_fw-la accepto_fw-la indy_n augebatur_fw-la civ_o as_o misfortune_n and_o adversity_n etc._n etc._n as_o before_o chap._n xv._n vercingetorix_n labour_v to_o unite_v all_o gallia_n into_o one_o league_n for_o the_o uphold_v of_o their_o war_n neither_o do_v vercingetorix_n omit_v any_o endeavour_n for_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o his_o promise_n caesar_n to_o draw_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o state_n unto_o he_o and_o to_o that_o purpose_n he_o deal_v with_o their_o chief_a man_n both_o by_o reward_n and_o promise_n and_o choose_v out_o fit_a man_n that_o either_o by_o subtle_a speech_n or_o friendship_n or_o some_o other_o mean_n may_v win_v they_o unto_o he_o he_o take_v order_n that_o such_o as_o have_v escape_v from_o avaricum_n shall_v be_v both_o clothe_v and_o arm_v and_o withal_o that_o he_o may_v reinforce_v his_o troop_n which_o be_v weaken_v he_o command_v every_o state_n to_o furnish_v out_o certain_a supply_n and_o to_o be_v bring_v by_o a_o day_n to_o the_o camp_n he_o command_v likewise_o all_o the_o archer_n of_o who_o there_o be_v great_a store_n in_o gallia_n to_o be_v seek_v out_o and_o send_v unto_o he_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o speedy_o repair_v his_o loss_n at_o avaricum_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n teutomatus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o ollovico_n king_n of_o the_o nitiobrige_n who_o father_n have_v the_o title_n of_o a_o friend_n from_o our_o senate_n come_v to_o he_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o horseman_n which_o he_o
reparation_n of_o honour_n be_v a_o chief_a point_n in_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o army_n be_v for_o he_o that_o leave_v a_o enemy_n upon_o a_o loss_n receive_v when_o his_o soldier_n be_v either_o awe_v or_o well_o beat_v must_v look_v to_o find_v the_o same_o spirit_n and_o courage_n in_o they_o when_o they_o shall_v come_v again_o to_o confront_v the_o enemy_n as_o they_o have_v when_o they_o last_o leave_v he_o with_o a_o disadvantage_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o unskilful_a continuance_n of_o his_o own_o loss_n and_o a_o preparation_n to_o a_o second_o overthrow_n in_o the_o war_n the_o roman_n have_v with_o annibal_n in_o all_o the_o fight_v they_o make_v marcellus_n they_o continue_v their_o first_o loss_n unto_o the_o battle_n at_o nola_n at_o what_o time_n by_o marcellus_n good_a direction_n they_o give_v he_o a_o overthrow_n which_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o ever_o annibal_n soldier_n begin_v to_o give_v place_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o repair_v the_o roman_n valour_n again_o after_o so_o many_o battle_n as_o they_o lose_v for_o than_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o they_o fight_v not_o with_o a_o enemy_n altogether_o invincible_a but_o that_o he_o be_v subject_a to_o loss_n and_o overthrow_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o this_o so_o happy_a a_o fortune_n restore_v the_o roman_a soldier_n to_o their_o ancient_a valour_n and_o good_a fortune_n it_o be_v that_o liviâ—_n say_v ingens_fw-la eo_fw-la die_fw-la res_fw-la ac_fw-la nescio_fw-la a_o maxima_fw-la illâ—_n bello_fw-la guess_v a_o sit_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o service_n be_v perform_v that_o day_n putabat_fw-la &_o i_o think_v i_o may_v say_v the_o great_a that_o be_v do_v in_o that_o war_n caesar_n do_v well_o understand_v this_o philosophy_n and_o therefore_o he_o labour_v to_o repair_v the_o breach_n which_o the_o enemy_n have_v make_v in_o the_o valour_n of_o his_o soldier_n by_o light_n and_o small_a skirmish_n before_o he_o will_v adventure_v to_o hazard_v the_o main_a drife_z of_o the_o business_n in_o any_o set_a conflict_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o he_o have_v a_o purpose_n to_o leave_v the_o enemy_n for_o a_o time_n whereby_o he_o seem_v to_o end_v the_o former_a service_n wherein_o he_o have_v a_o special_a care_n not_o to_o depart_v with_o the_o last_o blow_n have_v always_o before_o that_o time_n have_v the_o better_a for_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o end_n do_v challenge_n much_o of_o the_o former_a proceed_n and_o do_v draw_v the_o opinion_n of_o man_n to_o deem_v of_o all_o as_o the_o conclusion_n import_v according_a as_o claudius_n nero_n tell_v his_o soldier_n semper_fw-la quod_fw-la postremo_fw-la adjectum_fw-la sit_fw-la id_fw-la rem_fw-la totam_fw-la videri_fw-la traxisse_fw-la as_o the_o end_n of_o the_o service_n be_v so_o the_o whole_a seem_v to_o have_v be_v chap._n xxv_o the_o hedui_n revolt_n caesar_n pass_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n loire_n the_o three_o day_n he_o repair_v the_o bridge_n at_o the_o river_n elevar_n caesar_n and_o carry_v over_o his_o army_n there_o he_o understand_v by_o viridomarus_n and_o eporedorix_n that_o litavicus_n be_v go_v with_o all_o the_o enemy_n horse_n to_o solicit_v the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o caesar_n shall_v send_v they_o before_o to_o confirm_v the_o state_n and_o keep_v they_o in_o loyalty_n and_o although_o caesar_n do_v mistrust_v the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n for_o many_o cause_n and_o do_v think_v that_o the_o departure_n of_o these_o two_o noble_n will_v hasten_v their_o revolt_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o detain_v they_o lest_o he_o shall_v either_o seem_v to_o do_v they_o wrong_n or_o to_o give_v any_o suspicion_n of_o distrust_n at_o their_o departure_n he_o propound_v unto_o they_o brief_o how_o well_o he_o have_v deserve_v of_o their_o state_n how_o low_a and_o weak_a they_o be_v when_o he_o receive_v they_o confine_v within_o their_o town_n their_o land_n extend_v all_o their_o associate_n take_v from_o they_o a_o tribute_n lay_v upon_o they_o pledge_v extort_a from_o they_o with_o great_a contumely_n and_o into_o what_o fortune_n and_o greatness_n he_o have_v bring_v they_o again_o that_o not_o only_o they_o have_v recover_v their_o former_a state_n but_o do_v exceed_v the_o dignity_n and_o favour_n of_o all_o former_a time_n and_o with_o these_o mandate_n he_o let_v they_o go_v noviodunum_n be_v a_o town_n of_o the_o hedui_n situate_v in_o a_o convenient_a place_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n loire_n thither_o have_v caesar_n send_v all_o the_o hostage_n of_o gallia_n the_o corn_n the_o public_a treasure_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o army_n and_o thither_o he_o have_v likewise_o send_v great_a store_n of_o horse_n which_o he_o have_v buy_v in_o spain_n and_o italy_n for_o the_o service_n of_o this_o war_n eporedorix_n and_o viridomarus_n come_v thither_o and_o understanding_n touch_v the_o affair_n of_o their_o state_n that_o liâ—avicus_n be_v receive_v into_o bibract_n by_o the_o hedui_n which_o be_v the_o metropolitan_a city_n of_o their_o state_n and_o that_o convictolitanis_n their_o chief_a magistrate_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o senate_n be_v come_v unto_o he_o and_o that_o public_a messenger_n be_v send_v to_o vercingetorix_n touch_v a_o league_n of_o peace_n and_o amity_n they_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o omit_v so_o great_a a_o opportunity_n and_o thereupon_o have_v slay_v the_o guard_n at_o noviodunum_n with_o such_o other_o as_o be_v there_o either_o by_o way_n of_o trade_n or_o travel_n they_o divide_v the_o money_n and_o the_o horse_n between_o they_o and_o take_v order_n that_o the_o hostage_n of_o the_o other_o state_n shall_v safe_o be_v convey_v to_o bibract_v for_o the_o town_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o think_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v it_o lest_o the_o roman_n may_v make_v any_o use_n of_o it_o they_o burn_v it_o such_o corn_n as_o they_o can_v carry_v on_o the_o sudden_a they_o convey_v away_o in_o boat_n the_o rest_n they_o either_o burnedor_n cast_v it_o into_o the_o river_n they_o begin_v to_o raise_v force_n in_o the_o country_n next_o adjoin_v to_o dispose_v of_o watch_n and_o garrison_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n loire_n to_o show_v their_o cavalry_n in_o all_o place_n to_o strike_v fear_n into_o the_o roman_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v exclude_v they_o from_o provision_n of_o corn_n or_o drive_v they_o through_o necessity_n of_o want_n to_o forsake_v the_o province_n whereof_o they_o be_v the_o rather_o assure_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o loire_n be_v much_o swell_v by_o a_o fall_n of_o snow_n whereby_o it_o be_v unpassable_a at_o any_o foard_v these_o thing_n be_v know_v caesar_n think_v it_o necessary_a for_o he_o to_o make_v haste_n especial_o if_o he_o must_v make_v up_o the_o bridge_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v give_v they_o battle_n before_o they_o have_v gather_v a_o great_a head_n for_o touch_v his_o pupose_v for_o return_v into_o the_o province_n he_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a by_o any_o mean_n both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o shame_n and_o in_o famy_n thereof_o as_o also_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o opposition_n of_o the_o hill_n gebenna_n and_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o passage_n do_v hinder_v he_o but_o especial_o for_o that_o he_o do_v exceed_o desire_v to_o join_v himself_o with_o labienus_n and_o the_o legion_n that_o be_v with_o he_o and_o therefore_o make_v great_a journey_n both_o by_o day_n and_o night_n beyond_o all_o man_n expectation_n he_o come_v to_o the_o river_n loire_n where_o the_o horseman_n have_v sound_n a_o convenient_a foard_v for_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o time_n that_o the_o soldier_n may_v pass_v over_o with_o their_o arm_n and_o shoulder_n above_o the_o water_n to_o hold_v up_o their_o weapon_n dispose_v the_o horse_n in_o the_o river_n to_o break_v the_o force_n of_o the_o stream_n and_o the_o enemy_n be_v affright_v upon_o their_o first_o show_n he_o carry_v over_o his_o army_n in_o safety_n and_o have_v satisfy_v his_o soldier_n with_o corn_n which_o he_o find_v in_o the_o field_n and_o good_a store_n of_o cattle_n he_o determine_v to_o march_v towards_o the_o senones_n observation_n the_o great_a difficulty_n that_o ever_o caesar_n find_v in_o the_o course_n of_o these_o war_n gallia_n be_v at_o this_o instant_n upon_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n for_o whereas_o that_o state_n after_o caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n be_v ever_o repute_v the_o favourite_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n have_v receive_v such_o special_a privilege_n and_o prerogative_n above_o the_o rest_n as_o may_v tie_v they_o with_o a_o inviolable_a bond_n of_o amity_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v that_o they_o shall_v forsake_v so_o great_a a_o stay_n or_o favour_v any_o thing_n that_o may_v
spirit_n whereby_o the_o author_n become_v memorable_a to_o posterity_n in_o call_v after_o varus_n by_o name_n to_o make_v he_o the_o sacrifice_n for_o both_o the_o host_n whence_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o when_o a_o battle_n be_v join_v pell-mell_o no_o man_n can_v be_v assure_v in_o his_o own_o valour_n nor_o share_v out_o his_o fortune_n by_o the_o length_n of_o his_o sword_n but_o be_v oftentimes_o subject_a to_o weakness_n of_o contempt_n and_o vanquish_v by_o such_o as_o can_v be_v compare_v unto_o he_o but_o in_o scorn_n i_o have_v hear_v it_o report_v that_o at_o the_o battle_n of_o eureux_fw-fr maturine_n that_o know_v woman_n in_o france_n take_v prisoner_n &_o disarm_v a_o cavalero_n of_o spain_n who_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o king_n and_o by_o he_o demand_v who_o prisoner_n he_o be_v or_o whether_o he_o know_v the_o party_n that_o have_v force_v he_o answer_v no_o but_o that_o he_o know_v he_o to_o be_v a_o gallant_a man_n of_o arm_n whereat_o the_o king_n smile_v and_o the_o gentleman_n understand_v what_o fortune_n he_o have_v run_v be_v as_o much_o dismay_v as_o a_o man_n possible_o can_v be_v that_o consider_v quod_fw-la ferrum_fw-la aequat_fw-la in_fw-la bello_fw-la robustioribus_fw-la imbecilliores_fw-la the_o sword_n equal_v the_o weak_a to_o the_o strong_a chap._n xv._n curio_n leave_v utica_n to_o meet_v with_o king_n juba_n his_o cavalry_n overthrow_v the_o force_n lead_v by_o sabura_n which_o lead_v he_o on_o to_o his_o overthrow_n the_o next_o day_n curio_n prepare_v to_o besiege_v utica_n caesar_n enclose_v it_o about_o with_o a_o ditch_n &_o a_o rampire_n there_o be_v in_o the_o town_n a_o multitude_n of_o people_n unacquainted_a with_o war_n through_o the_o long_a peace_n they_o have_v enjoy_v and_o the_o inhabitant_n stand_v very_o affectionate_a to_o caesar_n for_o many_o benefit_n they_o have_v receive_v from_o he_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o multitude_n consist_v of_o divers_a sort_n of_o man_n much_o terrify_v and_o affright_v by_o the_o former_a encounter_n whereupon_o every_o man_n speak_v plain_o of_o give_v up_o the_o town_n and_o deal_v with_o pub._n actius_n that_o their_o fortune_n and_o life_n may_v not_o come_v in_o danger_n through_o his_o pertinacie_n and_o wilfulness_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v a_o do_v there_o come_v messenger_n from_o king_n juba_n signify_v the_o king_n be_v at_o hand_n with_o great_a force_n and_o will_v they_o to_o keep_v and_o defend_v the_o town_n which_o news_n do_v much_o encourage_v and_o confirm_v the_o waver_a and_o affright_a mind_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o same_o be_v also_o report_v to_o curio_n whereunto_o for_o a_o while_o he_o give_v no_o credit_n such_o be_v his_o confidence_n in_o the_o success_n of_o thing_n and_o now_o withal_o come_v letter_n and_o messenger_n into_o africa_n of_o that_o which_o caesar_n have_v so_o fortunate_o achieve_v in_o spain_n so_o that_o be_v absolute_o assure_v with_o all_o these_o thing_n he_o be_v persuade_v the_o king_n dare_v attempt_v nothing_o against_o he_o but_o when_o he_o find_v by_o assure_a discovery_n that_o his_o force_n be_v within_o twenty_o five_o mile_n of_o utica_n leave_v his_o work_n already_o begin_v he_o withdraw_v himself_o into_o cornelius_n camp_n and_o begin_v there_o to_o fortify_v his_o camp_n to_o get_v corn_n and_o other_o provision_n and_o to_o furnish_v it_o with_o all_o necessary_n material_a for_o a_o defence_n and_o send_v present_o a_o dispatch_n into_o sicily_n that_o the_o two_o legion_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o cavalry_n may_v be_v send_v unto_o he_o the_o camp_n wherein_o he_o lie_v be_v fit_o accommodate_v to_o hold_v out_o the_o war_n as_o well_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n as_o the_o artificial_a fortify_v thereof_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o plenty_n of_o water_n and_o salt_n whereof_o there_o be_v great_a quantity_n bring_v thither_o from_o the_o salt-pit_n near_o adjoin_v no_o stuff_n can_v be_v want_v through_o the_o great_a store_n of_o wood_n which_o be_v about_o the_o place_n nor_o yet_o any_o corn_n for_o the_o plenty_n that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o confine_a field_n and_o thereupon_o by_o the_o advice_n and_o approbation_n of_o all_o man_n curio_n resolve_v to_o attend_v his_o other_o force_n and_o to_o draw_v out_o the_o war_n in_o length_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o dispose_v by_o the_o consent_n and_o like_n of_o all_o man_n he_o hear_v by_o some_o that_o late_o come_v out_o of_o the_o town_n that_o juba_n be_v call_v back_o by_o occasion_n of_o a_o war_n happen_v upon_o the_o confine_n and_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o controversy_n and_o dissension_n of_o the_o leptitani_n he_o be_v detain_v at_o home_n in_o his_o kingdom_n but_o that_o sabura_n his_o lieutenant_n be_v send_v with_o some_o competent_a force_n and_o be_v not_o far_o from_o utica_n to_o which_o report_v give_v too_o light_a and_o easy_a credit_n he_o alter_v his_o purpose_n â—orrueruâ—t_fw-la and_o resolve_v to_o put_v the_o matter_n to_o trial_n of_o battle_n whereunto_o his_o youthful_a heat_n the_o greatness_n of_o his_o courage_n the_o success_n of_o former_a time_n and_o his_o confidence_n in_o the_o manage_n of_o that_o war_n do_v violent_o lead_v he_o be_v carry_v on_o with_o these_o inducement_n he_o send_v the_o first_o night_n all_o the_o cavalry_n to_o the_o river_n bagrada_n where_o the_o enemy_n lie_v encamp_v under_o the_o command_n of_o sabura_n but_o the_o king_n follow_v after_o with_o all_o his_o force_n and_o lie_v continual_o within_o six_o mile_n or_o thereabouts_o the_o horseman_n send_v before_o and_o make_v their_o journey_n in_o the_o night_n set_v upon_o the_o enemy_n at_o unaware_o and_o not_o think_v of_o their_o approach_n for_o the_o numidian_n lodge_n scatter_v here_o and_o there_o in_o a_o barbarous_a manner_n without_o any_o government_n or_o order_n and_o surprise_v they_o thus_o oppress_v with_o sleep_n and_o scatter_v upon_o the_o ground_n they_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o the_o rest_n in_o great_a terror_n and_o amazement_n escape_v by_o flight_n which_o service_n be_v thus_o execute_v the_o cavalry_n return_v to_o curio_n and_o bring_v the_o captive_n unto_o he_o curio_n be_v go_v out_o about_o the_o four_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n with_o all_o his_o force_n have_v leave_v five_o cohort_n for_o a_o garrison_n to_o his_o camp_n and_o have_v march_v six_o mile_n he_o meet_v with_o the_o cavalry_n understand_v what_o be_v do_v and_o inquire_v of_o the_o captive_n who_o be_v general_n of_o the_o camp_n at_o bagrada_n they_o answer_v sabura_n he_o omit_v for_o haste_n of_o his_o way_n to_o inform_v himself_o of_o the_o rest_n but_o turn_v himself_o to_o the_o next_o ensign_n say_v you_o see_v soldier_n that_o the_o confession_n of_o the_o captive_n do_v agree_v with_o that_o which_o be_v report_v by_o the_o fugitive_n for_o the_o king_n be_v not_o come_v but_o have_v send_v some_o small_a force_n which_o can_v make_v their_o party_n good_a with_o a_o few_o horseman_n and_o therefore_o hasten_v to_o take_v the_o spoil_n with_o honour_n and_o renown_n that_o we_o may_v now_o at_o length_n begin_v to_o think_v of_o reward_v your_o merit_n observation_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o marcellinus_n obtundi_fw-la that_o when_o misfortune_n come_v upon_o a_o man_n his_o spirit_n grow_v so_o dull_a and_o benumb_a as_o his_o sense_n seem_v to_o be_v dismiss_v of_o their_o charge_n which_o appear_v hear_v in_o curio_n who_o have_v take_v a_o provident_a and_o sure_a course_n such_o as_o be_v approve_v in_o every_o man_n judgement_n and_o beseem_v well_o the_o wisdom_n of_o a_o commander_n marcellin_n do_v nevertheless_o contrary_a to_o all_o sense_n and_o discretion_n forgo_v the_o same_o and_o cast_v himself_o upon_o the_o hazard_n of_o that_o which_o fugitive_n have_v vain_o report_v mosâ—_n concern_v which_o as_o it_o be_v note_v that_o incredulity_n be_v hurtful_a only_o to_o the_o unbeliever_n so_o this_o passage_n prove_v that_o for_o a_o commander_n to_o be_v too_o light_a of_o belief_n be_v a_o danger_n to_o the_o whole_a party_n and_o bring_v many_o to_o ruin_n that_o have_v no_o part_n in_o that_o creed_n caesar_n in_o the_o relation_n hereof_o note_v three_o special_a thing_n in_o curio_n that_o carry_v he_o headlong_o to_o this_o disaster_n and_o may_v serve_v as_o mark_n to_o avoid_v the_o like_a syrtes_n the_o first_o be_v juvenilis_fw-la ardour_n his_o youthful_a courage_n and_o heat_n which_o be_v always_o attend_v with_o strong_a affection_n suit_v the_o quality_n and_o temperature_n of_o the_o body_n be_v then_o in_o the_o prime_a height_n of_o strength_n &_o according_o lead_v on_o with_o violent_a motion_n admiâ—istrant_fw-la whereas_o age_n go_v slow_o and_o cold_o forward_a and_o be_v always_o sure_a in_o undertake_v than_o hotspur_n youth_n and_o albeit_o
follow_v pompey_n and_o his_o brother_n rascus_n betake_v himself_o to_o caesar_n upon_o a_o appointment_n make_v between_o themselves_o for_o find_v in_o the_o country_n where_o they_o dwell_v 4._o two_o great_a faction_n in_o opposition_n &_o doubt_v which_o party_n to_o take_v they_o divide_v themselves_o as_o the_o best_a approve_a part_n of_o neutrality_n and_o hold_v likewise_o the_o same_o course_n in_o the_o war_n between_o brutus_n and_o octavius_n continue_v unto_o the_o battle_n of_o philippi_n upon_o the_o issue_n whereof_o rascus_n demand_v no_o other_o reward_n for_o his_o service_n than_o the_o life_n of_o his_o brother_n which_o be_v easy_o grant_v this_o pompey_n high_a admiral_n be_v fellow-consul_n with_o caesar_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 694._o but_o caesar_n so_o outstrip_v he_o in_o the_o manage_n of_o thing_n that_o he_o much_o suspect_v himself_o as_o insufficient_a for_o the_o place_n which_o make_v he_o keep_v his_o house_n all_o that_o year_n whereupon_o come_v this_o distich_n non_fw-la bibulo_fw-la quicquam_fw-la nuper_fw-la sed_fw-la caesar_fw-la factum_fw-la nam_fw-la bibulo_fw-la fieri_fw-la consul_n nil_fw-la memini_fw-la caesar_n do_v all_o nought_o bibulus_n do_v do_v of_o consul_n bibulus_n no_o act_n i_o know_v chap._n iii_o caesar_n pass_v over_o into_o greece_n and_o return_v his_o ship_n to_o brundisium_n octavius_n besiege_v salonae_n caesar_n upon_o his_o arrival_n at_o brundisium_n caesar_n call_v the_o soldier_n together_o and_o show_v they_o that_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v almost_o come_v to_o a_o end_n of_o all_o their_o labour_n and_o danger_n they_o will_v now_o be_v content_a to_o leave_v willing_o behind_o they_o their_o servant_n and_o carriage_n in_o italy_n and_o go_v aboard_o clear_a of_o those_o incumberment_n to_o the_o end_n the_o great_a number_n of_o soldier_n may_v be_v take_v in_o and_o that_o they_o shall_v expect_v the_o supply_n of_o all_o these_o thing_n from_o victory_n and_o his_o liberality_n every_o man_n cry_v out_o that_o he_o shall_v command_v what_o he_o will_v and_o they_o will_v willing_o obey_v it_o the_o second_o of_o the_o nones_n of_o january_n he_o weigh_v anchor_n have_v as_o be_v former_o show_v ship_v seven_o legion_n the_o next_o day_n he_o come_v to_o land_n at_o the_o promontory_n of_o ceraunium_n have_v get_v a_o quiet_a road_n among_o the_o rock_n and_o place_n of_o danger_n for_o doubt_v how_o he_o may_v safe_o venture_v upon_o any_o of_o the_o know_a port_n of_o that_o coast_n which_o he_o suspect_v to_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o enemy_n he_o make_v choice_n of_o that_o place_n which_o be_v call_v pharsalus_n and_o there_o arrive_v in_o safety_n with_o all_o his_o ship_n he_o land_v his_o soldier_n at_o the_o same_o time_n lucretius_n vespillo_n and_o minutius_n rufus_n by_o order_n from_o laelius_n be_v at_o oricum_n with_o eighteen_o ship_n of_o asia_n and_o m._n bibulus_n be_v likewise_o at_o corfu_n with_o one_o hundred_o and_o ten_o ship_n but_o neither_o dare_v those_o come_v out_o of_o the_o port_n although_o caesar_n have_v not_o in_o all_o above_o twelve_o ship_n of_o war_n to_o waâ—t_v he_o over_o among_o which_o he_o himself_o be_v embark_v neither_o can_v bibulus_n come_v soon_o enough_o his_o ship_n be_v unready_a and_o his_o mariner_n ashore_o for_o that_o caesar_n be_v descry_v near_o the_o continent_n before_o there_o be_v any_o bruit_n of_o his_o come_n in_o all_o those_o region_n the_o soldier_n be_v land_v he_o send_v back_o the_o same_o night_n the_o ship_n to_o brundisium_n that_o the_o other_o legion_n and_o the_o cavalry_n may_v be_v bring_v over_o fusius_fw-la calenus_n the_o legate_n have_v the_o charge_n of_o this_o service_n and_o be_v to_o use_v all_o celerity_n in_o transport_v over_o the_o legion_n but_o set_v out_o late_o and_o omit_v the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o night_n wind_n they_o fail_v of_o their_o purpose_n in_o return_v back_o for_o bibulus_n be_v certify_v at_o corsu_fw-la of_o caesar_n arrival_n and_o hope_v to_o meet_v with_o some_o of_o the_o ship_n of_o burden_n meet_v with_o the_o empty_a ship_n go_v back_o to_o brundisium_n and_o have_v take_v thirty_o of_o they_o he_o wreak_v his_o anger_n conceive_v through_o grief_n and_o omission_n and_o set_v they_o all_o on_o fire_n consume_v therein_o both_o the_o master_n and_o the_o mariner_n hope_v by_o the_o rigour_n of_o that_o punishment_n to_o terrify_v the_o rest_n this_o be_v do_v he_o possess_v all_o the_o coast_n from_o salonae_n to_o oricum_n with_o ship_n and_o man_n of_o war_n appoint_v guard_n with_o more_o diligence_n then_o former_o have_v be_v use_v he_o himself_o in_o the_o depth_n of_o winter_n keep_v watch_v a_o shipboard_n not_o refuse_v any_o labour_n or_o duty_n nor_o expect_v any_o succour_n if_o he_o happen_v to_o meet_v with_o caesar_n but_o after_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o liburnian_a galley_n m._n octavius_n with_o such_o ship_n as_o he_o have_v with_o he_o come_v from_o illyricum_n to_o salonae_n and_o there_o have_v incite_v the_o dalmatian_n and_o other_o barbarous_a people_n draw_v hissa_n from_o caesar_n party_n and_o find_v that_o he_o can_v not_o move_v they_o of_o salonae_n neither_o with_o promise_n nor_o threaten_n he_o resolve_v to_o besiege_v the_o town_n the_o place_n be_v strong_a by_o nature_n through_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o hill_n and_o the_o roman_a citizen_n there_o inhabit_v have_v make_v tower_n of_o wood_n to_o â—ortifie_v it_o within_o but_o find_v themselves_o too_o weak_a to_o make_v resistance_n be_v weary_v out_o and_o spend_v with_o wound_n they_o fall_v at_o length_n to_o the_o last_o refuge_n of_o all_o which_o be_v to_o enfranchize_v all_o their_o bondslave_n above_o the_o age_n of_o fourteen_o year_n and_o cut_v their_o woman_n hair_n they_o make_v engine_n thereof_o their_o resolution_n be_v know_v octavius_n encompass_v the_o town_n about_o with_o five_o camp_n and_o at_o one_o instant_a of_o time_n begin_v to_o force_v they_o by_o siege_n and_o by_o assault_n they_o be_v resolve_v to_o undergo_v all_o extremity_n be_v much_o press_v through_o want_n of_o corn_n and_o thereupon_o send_v messenger_n to_o caesar_n seek_v help_v of_o he_o other_o inconvenience_n they_o endure_v as_o they_o may_v and_o after_o a_o long_a time_n when_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o siege_n have_v make_v the_o octavian_o remiss_a and_o negligent_a take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o noon_n time_n when_o the_o enemy_n be_v retire_v aside_o and_o place_v their_o child_n and_o woman_n on_o the_o wall_n that_o nothing_o may_v seem_v omit_v of_o that_o which_o be_v usual_a they_o themselves_o together_o with_o such_o as_o they_o have_v late_o infranchize_v break_v into_o the_o next_o camp_n unto_o the_o town_n which_o be_v take_v with_o the_o same_o violence_n they_o set_v upon_o another_o and_o then_o upon_o the_o three_o and_o so_o upon_o the_o four_o and_o in_o the_o end_n upon_o the_o five_o drive_v the_o enemy_n out_o of_o all_o the_o camp_n and_o have_v slay_v a_o great_a number_n they_o force_v octavius_n and_o the_o rest_n remain_v to_o betake_v they_o to_o their_o ship_n and_o so_o the_o siege_n end_v for_o octavius_n despair_v to_o take_v the_o town_n the_o winter_n approach_v and_o have_v receive_v such_o loss_n retire_v to_o pompey_n at_o dyrrachium_fw-la the_o first_o observation_n it_o have_v be_v general_o conceive_v that_o there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o use_n of_o woman_n in_o time_n of_o war_n but_o that_o they_o be_v a_o burden_n to_o such_o as_o seek_v honour_n by_o deed_n of_o arm_n and_o do_v better_o suit_v the_o licentiousness_n of_o peace_n than_o the_o danger_n of_o warfare_n whereof_o andromache_n be_v make_v a_o instance_n 6._o from_o that_o which_o homer_n report_v of_o her_o tear_n sigh_n and_o prayer_n to_o withdraw_v hector_n from_o those_o valorous_a exploit_n which_o he_o undertake_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o troy_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v by_o ovid_n wish_v to_o handle_v the_o distaff_n and_o the_o spindle_n and_o leave_v the_o war_n as_o fit_a for_o man_n than_o the_o weakness_n of_o their_o sex_n columque_fw-la ay_o cape_n cum_fw-la calathis_fw-la metam_fw-la &_o stamina_fw-la policy_n torque_fw-la bella_fw-la relinque_fw-la viris_fw-la god_n take_v thy_o basket_n on_o thy_o head_n and_o at_o the_o distaff_n twist_v thy_o thread_n leave_v war_n to_o man_n nevertheless_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v that_o howsoever_o soever_o the_o tenderness_n of_o woman_n do_v require_v a_o passive_a course_n of_o life_n under_o the_o shelter_n of_o a_o safe_a roof_n rather_o than_o in_o the_o bleak_a storm_n of_o active_a endeavour_n yet_o there_o have_v be_v some_o virago_n that_o have_v overtopped_n the_o pride_n of_o man_n in_o point_n of_o war_n 1._o among_o who_o semiramis_n may_v lead_v the_o rest_n 2._o together_o with_o tomyris_n cyrus_n mistress_n by_o conquest_n as_o also_o
with_o caesar_n in_o adversity_n have_v draw_v all_o the_o multitude_n of_o servant_n and_o child_n out_o of_o the_o country_n into_o the_o town_n and_o shut_v up_o the_o gate_n dispatch_v messenger_n to_o scipio_n and_o pompey_n for_o succour_v to_o be_v send_v unto_o he_o in_o that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v out_o a_o long_a siege_n scipio_n understanding_n of_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o army_n from_o dyrrachium_fw-la have_v bring_v the_o legion_n to_o larissa_n and_o pompey_n do_v not_o as_o yet_o approach_v near_o unto_o thessalia_n caesar_n have_v fortify_v his_o camp_n command_v mantelet_n ladder_n and_o hurdle_n to_o be_v make_v ready_a for_o a_o surprise_n which_o be_v fit_v and_o prepare_v he_o exhort_v the_o soldier_n and_o show_v they_o what_o need_v there_o be_v for_o the_o relieve_n of_o their_o want_n and_o supply_v of_o all_o necessary_n to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o opulent_a and_o full_a town_n as_o also_o by_o their_o example_n to_o terrify_v the_o other_o city_n and_o what_o they_o do_v to_o do_v speedy_o before_o it_o can_v be_v succour_v whereupon_o by_o the_o singular_a industry_n of_o the_o soldier_n the_o same_o day_n he_o come_v thither_o give_v the_o assault_n after_o the_o nine_o hour_n notwithstanding_o the_o exceed_a height_n of_o the_o wall_n he_o take_v the_o town_n before_o sunset_n afternoon_n and_o give_v it_o to_o the_o soldier_n to_o be_v rifle_v and_o present_o remove_v from_o thence_o come_v to_o metropolis_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o outgo_v as_o well_o messenger_n as_o news_n of_o take_v the_o town_n the_o metropolitan_n induce_v with_o the_o same_o respect_n at_o first_o shut_v up_o their_o gate_n and_o fill_v their_o wall_n with_o arm_a man_n but_o afterward_o understand_v by_o the_o captive_n who_o caesar_n cause_v to_o be_v bring_v forth_o what_o have_v happen_v to_o they_o of_o gomphi_n they_o present_o open_v their_o gate_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v all_o preserve_v in_o safety_n which_o happiness_n of_o they_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o desolation_n of_o gomphi_n there_o be_v no_o one_o state_n of_o all_o thessalia_n except_v they_o of_o larissa_n which_o be_v keep_v in_o with_o great_a force_n by_o scipio_n but_o yield_v obedience_n to_o caesar_n and_o do_v what_o he_o command_v caesar_n have_v now_o get_v a_o place_n plenteous_a of_o corn_n which_o be_v now_o almost_o ripe_a he_o resolve_v to_o attend_v pompey_n come_n and_o there_o to_o prosecute_v the_o residue_n of_o that_o war_n observation_n livie_n say_v 5._o that_o the_o siege_n of_o that_o place_n which_o we_o will_v quick_o take_v premenda_fw-la must_v be_v prosecute_v and_o urge_v hard_o which_o rule_n caesar_n observe_v for_o he_o follow_v it_o so_o hard_a that_o he_o take_v the_o town_n fortify_v with_o exceed_v high_a wall_n in_o four_o hour_n space_n or_o thereabouts_o after_o he_o begin_v to_o assault_v it_o which_o plutarch_n say_v be_v so_o plentiful_o store_v of_o all_o necessary_a provision_n that_o the_o soldier_n find_v there_o a_o refection_n of_o all_o the_o misery_n and_o want_n they_o suffer_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la insomuch_o as_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v new_o make_v both_o in_o body_n and_o courage_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o wine_n victual_n and_o riches_n of_o that_o place_n which_o be_v all_o give_v unto_o they_o cyri._fw-la according_a to_o that_o of_o xenophon_n lex_fw-la inter_fw-la omnes_fw-la homines_fw-la perpetua_fw-la est_fw-la quando_fw-la belligerantium_fw-la vrbs_fw-la capta_fw-la fuerit_fw-la cuncta_fw-la corum_fw-la esse_fw-la qui_fw-la eam_fw-la ceperint_fw-la &_o corpora_fw-la â—orum_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o urbe_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o bona_fw-la legate_n it_o be_v a_o general_a law_n among_o all_o man_n that_o when_o a_o enemy_n town_n be_v forcible_o take_v all_o that_o be_v find_v in_o it_o as_o well_o body_n as_o good_n be_v at_o their_o disposal_n who_o have_v take_v it_o appian_n say_v the_o german_n be_v so_o drink_v that_o they_o make_v all_o man_n laugh_v at_o they_o and_o that_o if_o pompey_n have_v surprise_v they_o in_o these_o disorder_n they_o may_v have_v pay_v dear_a for_o their_o entertainment_n he_o add_v moreover_o to_o show_v the_o stiffness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n against_o caesar_n that_o there_o be_v find_v in_o a_o surgeon_n hall_n twenty_o two_o principal_a personage_n stiff_o dead_a upon_o the_o ground_n without_o appearance_n of_o any_o wound_n have_v their_o goblet_n by_o they_o and_o he_o that_o give_v the_o poison_n sit_v upright_o in_o a_o chair_n as_o dead_a as_o the_o rest_n 8_o and_o as_o phâ—lip_n have_v take_v acrolisse_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o â—â—tirians_n draw_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o his_o obedience_n through_o the_o fear_n they_o conceive_v of_o their_o usage_n so_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o calamity_n which_o befall_v gomphi_n and_o the_o good_a entreaty_n which_o the_o metropolitan_o find_v by_o yield_v unto_o caesar_n bring_v all_o the_o other_o city_n under_o his_o command_n chap._n xxix_o pompey_n come_v into_o thessalia_n his_o army_n conceive_v assure_v hope_n of_o victory_n pompey_n a_o few_o day_n after_o come_v into_o thessalia_n caesar_n and_o there_o call_v all_o the_o army_n together_o first_o give_v great_a thanks_o to_o his_o own_o man_n and_o then_o exhort_v scipio_n soldier_n that_o the_o victory_n be_v already_o obtain_v they_o will_v be_v partaker_n of_o the_o booty_n and_o of_o the_o reward_n and_o take_v all_o the_o legion_n into_o one_o camp_n he_o make_v scipio_n partaker_n both_o of_o his_o honour_n and_o authority_n command_v the_o trumpet_n to_o attend_v his_o pleasure_n for_o matter_n of_o direction_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v use_v a_o praetoriall_a pavilion_n pompey_n have_v strengthen_v himself_o with_o a_o addition_n of_o another_o great_a army_n every_o man_n be_v confirm_v in_o his_o former_a opinion_n and_o their_o hope_n of_o victory_n be_v increase_v so_o that_o the_o long_o they_o delaâ—ed_v the_o matter_n the_o more_o they_o seem_v to_o prolong_v their_o return_n into_o italy_n and_o albeit_o pompey_n proceed_v slow_o and_o deliberate_o in_o the_o business_n yet_o it_o be_v but_o a_o day_n work_n but_o some_o there_o be_v that_o say_v he_o be_v well_o please_v with_o authority_n and_o command_n and_o to_o use_v man_n both_o of_o consular_a dignity_n and_o of_o the_o praetorian_a order_n as_o his_o vassal_n and_o servant_n and_o now_o they_o begin_v to_o dispute_v open_o concern_v reward_n and_o dignity_n of_o priesthood_n and_o point_v out_o those_o which_o from_o year_n to_o year_n be_v to_o be_v choose_v consul_n other_o beg_v the_o house_n and_o good_n of_o such_o as_o be_v with_o caesar_n beside_o a_o great_a controversy_n that_o further_o grow_v between_o they_o in_o open_a council_n whether_o l._n hirrus_n be_v not_o to_o be_v regard_v at_o the_o next_o election_n of_o praetor_n be_v absent_a and_o employ_v by_o pompey_n against_o the_o parthian_n and_o as_o his_o friend_n urge_v pompey_n with_o his_o promise_n give_v at_o his_o departure_n require_v he_o may_v not_o now_o be_v deceive_v through_o his_o greatness_n and_o authority_n the_o rest_n run_v a_o course_n of_o as_o great_a danger_n and_o labour_n see_v no_o reason_n by_o way_n of_o contradiction_n why_o one_o man_n shall_v be_v respect_v before_o all_o other_o and_o now_o domitius_n scipio_n and_o spinther_n lentulus_n begin_v to_o grow_v to_o high_a word_n in_o their_o daily_a meeting_n concern_v caesar_n priesthood_n lentulus_n allege_v by_o way_n of_o ostentation_n the_o honour_n that_o be_v due_a to_o his_o age_n and_o authority_n domitius_n vaunt_v of_o the_o credit_n and_o favour_n he_o have_v at_o rome_n and_o scipio_n trust_v to_o pompey_n alliance_n moreover_o atius_n rusus_n accuse_v l._n afranius_n to_o pompey_n for_o betray_v the_o army_n in_o spain_n l._n domitius_n give_v out_o in_o council_n that_o after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v all_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o rank_n of_o senator_n shall_v be_v inquire_v upon_o by_o a_o triple_a commission_n and_o that_o those_o which_o be_v personal_o in_o the_o war_n shall_v be_v of_o the_o commission_n to_o judge_v the_o rest_n as_o well_o such_o as_o be_v at_o rome_n as_o those_o that_o do_v no_o service_n in_o this_o war_n the_o first_o commission_n shall_v be_v to_o clear_v such_o as_o have_v well-deserved_n from_o all_o danger_n the_o second_o penal_a and_o the_o three_o capital_a and_o to_o conclude_v every_o man_n labour_v either_o to_o have_v a_o reward_n or_o to_o be_v avenge_v of_o his_o enemy_n neither_o do_v they_o think_v so_o much_o of_o the_o mean_n how_o to_o overcome_v as_o how_o to_o use_v the_o victory_n the_o first_o observation_n the_o tale_n which_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n relate_v to_o the_o commissioner_n of_o lewis_n the_o eleven_o comineus_n king_n of_o france_n concern_v the_o part_n between_o they_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o charles_n duke_n of_o
equal_a condition_n which_o happen_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o passage_n and_o a_o few_o of_o each_o side_n be_v slay_v caesar_n take_v in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v most_o convenient_a for_o he_o &_o fortify_v they_o in_o the_o night_n in_o this_o quarter_n of_o the_o town_n be_v contain_v a_o little_a part_n of_o the_o king_n house_n wherein_o he_o himself_o at_o his_o first_o arrival_n be_v appoint_v to_o lodge_v and_o a_o theatre_n join_v to_o the_o house_n which_o be_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o castle_n and_o have_v a_o passage_n to_o the_o port_n and_o to_o other_o part_n of_o road._n the_o day_n follow_v he_o increase_v these_o fortification_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v have_v they_o as_o a_o wall_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o thereby_o need_v not_o fight_v against_o his_o will_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o young_a daughter_n of_o king_n ptolemey_n hope_v to_o obtain_v the_o crown_n now_o in_o question_n find_v mean_n to_o convey_v herself_o out_o of_o the_o king_n house_n to_o achillas_n and_o both_o joint_o together_o undertake_v the_o manage_n of_o that_o war_n but_o present_o there_o grow_v a_o controversy_n between_o they_o who_o shall_v command_v in_o chief_a which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a largess_n and_o reward_n to_o the_o soldier_n either_o of_o they_o be_v at_o great_a charge_n and_o expense_n to_o gain_v their_o good_a will_n while_o the_o enemy_n be_v busy_v in_o these_o thing_n photinus_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o young_a king_n &_o superintendent_n of_o the_o kingdom_n on_o caesar_n party_n send_v messenger_n to_o achillas_n exhort_v he_o not_o to_o desist_v in_o the_o business_n or_o to_o be_v discourage_v upon_o the_o discover_n and_o apprehension_n of_o which_o messenger_n caesar_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v slay_v and_o these_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a war_n observation_n pharus_n be_v a_o little_a island_n in_o the_o sea_n over_o against_o alexandria_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o ptolemy_n philadelph_n build_v a_o tower_n of_o a_o exceed_a height_n all_o of_o white_a marble_n it_o contain_v many_o stage_n and_o have_v in_o the_o top_n many_o great_a lantern_n to_o keep_v light_n in_o the_o night_n for_o a_o mark_n to_o such_o as_o be_v at_o sea_n the_o architector_n ingrave_v thereupon_o this_o inscription_n sostrate_v gâ—â—idius_n the_o son_n of_o dexiphanes_n to_o the_o god_n conservator_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o navigatour_n it_o be_v reckon_v for_o one_o of_o the_o seven_o wonder_n of_o the_o world_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v the_o temple_n of_o diana_n at_o ephesus_n the_o second_o be_v the_o sepulchre_n which_o artemisia_n queen_n of_o caria_n make_v for_o her_o husband_n mausolus_n who_o ash_n she_o drink_v the_o three_o be_v the_o colossus_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o rhodes_n the_o four_o be_v the_o wall_n of_o babylon_n the_o five_o be_v the_o pyramid_n of_o egypt_n the_o six_o be_v the_o image_n of_o jupiter_n olympius_n at_o elis_n which_o be_v make_v by_o phidias_n and_o contain_v threescore_o cubit_n in_o height_n and_o be_v all_o of_o ivory_n and_o pure_a gold_n and_o the_o seven_o be_v this_o pharus_n finis_fw-la a_o continuation_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n begin_v where_o caesar_n leave_v and_o deduce_v the_o history_n to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n write_a by_o a._n hirtius_n pansa_n with_o some_o short_a observation_n thereupon_o together_o with_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o modern_a train_n or_o tactick_a practice_n london_n print_v by_o roger_n daniel_n 1655._o the_o eight_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n write_v by_o aulus_n hirtius_n chap._n i._n the_o gall_n raise_v new_a trouble_n in_o divers_a place_n caesar_n scatter_v and_o waste_v the_o bituriges_n and_o after_o that_o the_o carnutes_n after_o that_o all_o gallia_n be_v subdue_v forasmuch_o as_o caesar_n have_v rest_v no_o part_n of_o the_o former_a summer_n from_o war_n he_o be_v desirous_a to_o refiesh_v his_o soldier_n after_o so_o great_a pain_n take_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o winter_n season_n when_o news_n be_v bring_v he_o that_o many_o state_n at_o the_o selfsame_a time_n do_v lay_v their_o head_n together_o again_o about_o war_n and_o make_v conspiracy_n whereof_o there_o be_v report_v a_o very_a likely_a cause_n in_o that_o it_o be_v know_v to_o all_o the_o gall_n that_o there_o can_v not_o any_o power_n so_o great_a be_v assemble_v into_o one_o place_n as_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o withstand_v the_o roman_n neither_o if_o many_o state_n at_o once_o make_v war_n in_o divers_a place_n at_o one_o instant_a can_v the_o army_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v sufficient_a either_o of_o aid_n or_o of_o time_n or_o of_o man_n of_o war_n to_o pursue_v all_o at_o once_o and_o there_o ought_v not_o any_o state_n to_o refuse_v the_o lot_n of_o their_o misfortune_n if_o by_o the_o respite_n thereof_o the_o rest_n may_v set_v themselves_o at_o liberty_n the_o which_o opinion_n to_o the_o intent_n it_o shall_v not_o settle_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o gall_n caesar_n leave_v m._n antonius_n the_o quaestor_n with_o charge_n of_o his_o winter_n garrison_n go_v with_o a_o strong_a company_n of_o horseman_n the_o last_o day_n of_o december_n from_o bibracte_n to_o his_o twelve_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v place_v not_o far_o from_o the_o border_n of_o the_o hedui_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bituriges_n and_o take_v thereunto_o the_o eleven_o legion_n which_o be_v next_o unto_o it_o leave_v two_o cohort_n to_o defend_v his_o stuff_n and_o carriage_n he_o lead_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n into_o the_o most_o plentiful_a field_n of_o the_o bituriges_n the_o which_o be_v a_o large_a country_n and_o full_a of_o town_n can_v not_o be_v keep_v in_o awe_n with_o the_o garrison_n of_o one_o legion_n among_o they_o but_o that_o they_o prepare_v for_o war_n and_o make_v conspiracy_n by_o the_o sudden_a come_n of_o caesar_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v which_o must_v needs_o happen_v to_o such_o as_o be_v unprovided_a and_o scatter_a abroad_o that_o such_o as_o be_v till_v the_o ground_n without_o fear_n be_v surprise_v in_o the_o field_n by_o our_o horseman_n before_o they_o can_v get_v they_o into_o the_o to_n for_o at_o that_o time_n the_o common_a token_n of_o invasion_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v perceive_v by_o burn_v of_o house_n be_v by_o caesar_n commandment_n forbear_v lest_o they_o shall_v either_o want_v forage_n and_o corn_n if_o they_o be_v mind_v to_o make_v any_o further_o ride_v into_o the_o country_n or_o else_o that_o their_o enemy_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o fire_n shall_v convey_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o way_n after_o that_o many_o thousand_o of_o man_n have_v be_v take_v the_o bituriges_n be_v sore_o afraid_a such_o of_o they_o as_o can_v escape_v out_o of_o the_o roman_n hand_n at_o their_o first_o come_n upon_o confidence_n either_o of_o the_o old_a acquaintance_n and_o familiarity_n that_o have_v be_v private_o between_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o resort_v as_o guest_n one_o to_o another_o or_o of_o their_o mutual_a agreement_n and_o partake_n in_o the_o same_o device_n flee_v into_o the_o next_o city_n but_o all_o be_v in_o vain_a for_o caesar_n by_o great_a journey_n come_v so_o sudden_o upon_o all_o place_n that_o he_o give_v not_o any_o city_n leisure_n to_o think_v of_o the_o safeguard_n of_o other_o folk_n rather_o than_o of_o themselves_o through_o the_o which_o speed_n he_o both_o keep_v his_o friend_n faithful_a unto_o he_o and_o put_v the_o waver_a sort_n in_o such_o fear_n that_o he_o compel_v they_o to_o be_v glad_a to_o receive_v peace_n the_o matter_n stand_v in_o this_o case_n when_o the_o bituriges_n see_v that_o through_o caesar_n gentleness_n there_o be_v yet_o a_o way_n for_o they_o to_o return_v into_o his_o favour_n again_o and_o that_o the_o next_o state_n have_v deliver_v he_o hostage_n and_o be_v thereupon_o receive_v to_o mercy_n without_o further_a punishment_n they_o themselves_o do_v in_o like_o wise_a caesar_n because_o his_o man_n have_v patient_o endure_v so_o great_a travel_n in_o the_o winter_n day_n through_o most_o cumbersome_a way_n in_o intolerable_a cold_a weather_n and_o continue_v most_o resolute_o in_o the_o same_o to_o the_o uttermost_a promise_v to_o give_v to_o his_o soldier_n two_o hundred_o sesterce_n apiece_o and_o to_o the_o captain_n 2000_o apiece_o in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o prey_n &_o so_o send_v his_o legion_n again_o into_o their_o winter_v place_n he_o himself_o return_v to_o bibracte_n the_o fourti_v day_n after_o his_o set_n forth_o there_o as_o he_o be_v minister_a of_o justice_n the_o bituriges_n send_v messenger_n unto_o he_o desire_v help_n against_o the_o carnutes_n who_o they_o complain_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o this_o news_n when_o he_o have_v not_o
misfortune_n be_v daunt_v or_o overcome_v never_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o battle_n nor_o make_v towards_o the_o wood_n neither_o can_v by_o the_o entreaty_n of_o our_o man_n be_v persuade_v â—o_o yield_v himself_o but_o fight_v most_o valiant_o and_o hurt_v many_o of_o our_o man_n he_o so_o far_o exasperate_v the_o victor_n that_o they_o can_v not_o forbear_v to_o throw_v their_o dart_n at_o he_o and_o dispatch_v he_o chap._n v._n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o gall_n submit_v themselves_o to_o caesar_n comius_n in_o danger_n to_o be_v slay_v by_o treachery_n the_o matter_n be_v bring_v to_o this_o pass_n caesar_n pursue_v his_o newly-got_a victory_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o think_v that_o his_o enemy_n be_v discourage_v with_o so_o great_a a_o misfortune_n will_v immediate_o upon_o the_o news_n thereof_o forsake_v the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v encamp_v which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v not_o above_o eight_o mile_n from_o the_o place_n where_o the_o slaughter_n be_v make_v although_o he_o see_v it_o will_v be_v some_o trouble_n to_o he_o to_o pass_v the_o river_n yet_o pass_v he_o his_o army_n and_o march_v towards_o they_o but_o the_o bellovaci_n and_o the_o other_o state_n upon_o the_o return_n of_o a_o few_o of_o their_o man_n and_o those_o wound_v out_o of_o the_o chase_n which_o have_v escape_v the_o mischance_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o wood_n understand_v by_o they_o their_o own_o great_a misfortune_n and_o misery_n by_o the_o death_n of_o corbeus_n the_o loss_n of_o their_o horseman_n and_o the_o â—laughter_n of_o their_o stout_a footman_n and_o mistrust_v that_o the_o roman_n will_v out_o of_o hand_n come_v upon_o they_o immediate_o call_v a_o assembly_n by_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o trumpet_n and_o cry_v all_o with_o one_o voice_n to_o send_v ambassador_n and_o hostage_n to_o caesar_n when_o comius_n of_o arras_n perceive_v that_o this_o motion_n will_v be_v entertain_v he_o flee_v to_o those_o german_n of_o who_o he_o have_v borrow_a assistance_n to_o the_o war_n the_o rest_n send_v ambassador_n present_o unto_o caesar_n desire_v he_o to_o content_v himself_o with_o that_o punishment_n of_o his_o enemy_n which_o if_o he_o may_v have_v lay_v upon_o they_o without_o battle_n in_o their_o chief_a prosperity_n they_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o of_o his_o clemency_n and_o courtesy_n he_o will_v not_o have_v do_v it_o the_o bellovaci_n say_v that_o their_o power_n be_v weaken_v by_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o horseman_n many_o thousand_o of_o their_o choice_a footman_n be_v cut_v off_o scarce_o any_o escape_n to_o bring_v tiding_n of_o the_o slaughter_n yet_o notwithstanding_o their_o great_a misfortune_n they_o have_v by_o that_o battle_n receive_v this_o happiness_n that_o corbeus_n the_o author_n of_o the_o war_n and_o raiser_n of_o the_o multitude_n be_v slay_v for_o as_o long_o as_o he_o be_v alive_a the_o senate_n can_v never_o bear_v so_o great_a sway_n in_o the_o city_n as_o the_o rude_a and_o unskilful_a commonalty_n as_o the_o ambassador_n 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thebes_n corinth_n and_o all_o peloponesus_fw-la now_o call_v morea_n macedon_n and_o epire_n now_o call_v albania_n and_o thrace_n they_o have_v the_o island_n of_o sicily_n sardynia_n creeta_n candia_n cypress_n rhodes_n and_o negrepont_n and_o divers_a other_o in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n they_o have_v take_v in_o all_o spain_n and_o which_o be_v caesar_n own_o work_n all_o france_n that_o part_n of_o germany_n lie_v on_o the_o rhine_n call_v gallia_n belgica_n and_o great_a britain_n they_o be_v master_n of_o all_o africa_a the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o world_n then_o even_o to_o pull_v down_o the_o pride_n of_o carthage_n the_o best_a province_n of_o asia_n be_v tributary_n as_o syria_n phoenicia_n palestina_n judaea_n phrygia_n caria_n cilicia_n and_o bythinia_n egypt_n and_o cappadocia_n be_v confederate_n in_o armenia_n and_o colchos_n they_o have_v force_n albania_n iberia_n and_o some_o other_o country_n pay_v contribution_n and_o do_v homage_n in_o fine_a they_o be_v 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sylla_n have_v dispower_v himself_o pompey_n and_o crassus_n come_v into_o repute_n the_o late_a be_v the_o more_o recommend_v by_o his_o wisdom_n eloquence_n nobility_n and_o excessive_a riches_n the_o other_o have_v gain_v the_o popular_a esteem_n by_o his_o victory_n and_o great_a action_n in_o war_n even_o in_o sylla_n time_n while_o the_o difference_n of_o these_o two_o increase_v with_o their_o greatness_n caesar_n return_v to_o rome_n from_o his_o praetorship_n in_o spain_n bring_v that_o reputation_n with_o he_o that_o swell_v the_o greatness_n and_o ambition_n of_o his_o thought_n he_o have_v go_v through_o most_o charge_n civil_a and_o military_a he_o have_v be_v quaestor_n tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n aedile_n highpriest_n and_o praetor_n all_o which_o with_o other_o accomplishment_n he_o be_v furnish_v with_o which_o we_o shall_v mention_v elsewhere_o though_o they_o bring_v he_o into_o much_o esteem_n yet_o be_v he_o not_o yet_o arrive_v to_o near_a the_o authority_n and_o reputation_n of_o either_o crassus_n or_o pompey_n caesar_n though_o he_o be_v come_v to_o rome_n yet_o stifle_v all_o thought_n of_o aspire_a for_o a_o while_n so_o that_o both_o crassus_n and_o pompey_n apply_v themselves_o to_o he_o hope_v by_o his_o accession_n to_o ruin_v one_o the_o other_o but_o caesar_n decline_v both_o and_o carry_v himself_o with_o circumspection_n that_o he_o endeavour_v to_o reconcile_v they_o so_o hope_v by_o his_o new_a trality_n to_o undermine_v they_o both_o which_o be_v as_o plutarch_n say_v observe_v only_o by_o cato_n at_o length_n he_o so_o order_v thing_n that_o he_o make_v a_o agreement_n between_o they_o and_o so_o oblige_v both_o which_o cause_v that_o retain_v some_o jealousy_n of_o each_o other_o they_o equal_o court_v caesar_n friendship_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o become_v equal_a to_o either_o so_o that_o the_o power_n which_o before_o be_v between_o two_o become_v now_o tripartite_a thing_n be_v thus_o appease_v caesar_n demand_v the_o
consulship_n which_o obtain_v he_o carry_v himself_o in_o it_o with_o that_o reputation_n that_o his_o co-consul_n bibulus_n leave_v all_o to_o his_o managery_n to_o maintain_v the_o authority_n he_o have_v get_v he_o himself_o take_v to_o wife_n calpurnia_n the_o daughter_n of_o lucius_n piso_n who_o be_v to_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o consulate_a and_o bestow_v his_o own_o daughter_n julia_n on_o pompey_n and_o so_o take_v in_o crassus_n they_o make_v a_o league_n and_o be_v equal_o ambitious_a conspire_v to_o invade_v the_o commonwealth_n caesar_n choose_v for_o his_o province_n the_o gall_n or_o france_n crassus_n asia_n pompey_n spain_n whither_o they_o go_v with_o three_o puissant_a army_n as_o if_o the_o world_n have_v be_v to_o be_v trichotomize_v among_o these_o three_o what_o caesar_n do_v in_o his_o province_n what_o battle_n he_o fight_v what_o people_n he_o subdue_v what_o valour_n policy_n success_n follow_v he_o every_o where_o may_v be_v see_v in_o his_o own_o commentary_n of_o that_o war_n approve_v by_o his_o very_a enemy_n as_o modest_a and_o impartial_a and_o attest_v by_o cicero_n plutarch_n suetonius_n appianus_n alexandrinus_n lucan_n paulus_n orosius_n florus_n eutropius_n too_o great_a a_o testimony_n against_o one_o censorious_a asinius_n pollio_n by_o this_o war_n caesar_n get_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o great_a captain_n that_o ever_o be_v subdue_a all_o france_n from_o the_o pyrenean_n hill_n to_o the_o alps_o and_o so_o to_o the_o rhine_n but_o to_o forbear_v particular_a instance_n as_o that_o he_o conquer_v the_o suisser_n and_o tigurin_n who_o be_v according_a to_o plutarch_n 300000._o man_n whereof_o 19000._o be_v well_o discipline_v this_o be_v most_o worth_a our_o remark_n that_o during_o these_o so_o great_a war_n he_o omit_v not_o both_o by_o intelligence_n and_o present_n to_o endear_v his_o friend_n both_o at_o rome_n and_o elsewhere_o do_v many_o thing_n without_o the_o senate_n leave_n upon_o the_o score_n of_o the_o league_n with_o pompey_n and_o crassus_n nay_o his_o court_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n both_o soldier_n and_o citizen_n be_v none_o of_o his_o least_o masterpiece_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o have_v supplant_v pompey_n in_o matter_n of_o esteem_n before_o he_o perceive_v it_o to_o this_o purpose_n have_v pliny_n observe_v lib._n 33._o cap._n 3._o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o aedility_n that_o be_v to_o say_v his_o shrievedome_n he_o be_v so_o prodigal_a that_o all_o the_o utensil_n and_o arm_n that_o he_o make_v use_v of_o at_o public_a sport_n and_o combat_n be_v all_o of_o silver_n which_o yet_o afterward_o be_v bestow_v among_o the_o people_n and_o that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o bring_v forth_o the_o beast_n in_o chariot_n and_o cage_n of_o silver_n this_o it_o be_v make_v some_o suspect_v he_o guilty_a of_o rapine_n and_o that_o he_o plunder_v temple_n and_o city_n saepius_fw-la ob_fw-la praedam_fw-la quam_fw-la ob_fw-la delictum_fw-la but_o this_o 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thessaly_n egypt_n asia_n and_o africa_n through_o all_o which_o after_o it_o have_v ravage_v 5._o year_n the_o controversy_n be_v decide_v in_o spain_n that_o ambition_n the_o imperfection_n only_o of_o the_o great_a mind_n may_v have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o so_o inveterate_a a_o war_n have_v be_v the_o opinion_n of_o divers_a other_o who_o charge_v not_o pompey_n with_o so_o great_a discovery_n of_o it_o as_o caesar_n to_o who_o they_o assign_v a_o great_a than_o the_o empire_n as_o if_o their_o mutual_a distrust_n and_o jealousy_n of_o one_o another_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o cause_v so_o many_o tragedy_n through_o so_o many_o country_n beside_o caesar_n have_v his_o enemy_n at_o rome_n and_o among_o other_o cato_n who_o threaten_v to_o impeach_v he_o when_o he_o be_v once_o out_o of_o command_n what_o bandy_n there_o be_v against_o he_o we_o find_v somewhat_o in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o eight_o commentary_n to_o this_o purpose_n lentulus_n and_o marcellus_n both_o of_o pompey_n faction_n be_v consul_n it_o be_v move_v in_o the_o senate_n that_o caesar_n may_v be_v call_v home_o and_o another_o send_v to_o supply_v his_o command_n of_o the_o army_n then_o in_o gallia_n since_o that_o he_o have_v write_v for_o the_o consulship_n shall_v according_a to_o law_n have_v be_v personal_o in_o rome_n caesar_n demand_v to_o be_v continue_v in_o commission_n and_o government_n and_o that_o he_o may_v demand_v the_o consulship_n absent_a this_o pompey_n oppose_v though_o he_o himself_o as_o much_o contrary_n to_o law_n have_v have_v the_o consulship_n and_o other_o dignity_n before_o he_o be_v at_o full_a age._n this_o deny_v caesar_n propose_v that_o he_o will_v come_v to_o rome_n as_o a_o private_a man_n and_o give_v over_o his_o command_n so_o that_o pompey_n quit_v his_o employment_n in_o spain_n about_o this_o the_o senate_n be_v much_o divide_v cicero_n propose_v a_o mediation_n but_o pompey_n party_n prevail_v it_o be_v decree_v that_o caesar_n shall_v 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utica_n whence_o he_o embark_v the_o three_o of_o june_n for_o sardinia_n where_o have_v stay_v some_o few_o day_n he_o arrive_v at_o rome_n july_n 25._o whither_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v come_v there_o be_v grant_v unto_o he_o four_o triumph_n the_o first_o be_v for_o his_o conquest_n and_o victory_n in_o france_n wherein_o be_v set_v forth_o the_o river_n of_o rhodanus_n and_o the_o rhine_n wrought_v in_o gold_n in_o the_o second_o which_o be_v for_o egypt_n and_o king_n ptolemey_n be_v represent_v the_o river_n nile_n and_o the_o pharos_n of_o alexandria_n burn_v the_o three_o be_v for_o his_o victory_n over_o king_n pharnaces_n wherein_o a_o certain_a writing_n represent_v the_o celerity_n he_o use_v in_o the_o prosecution_n of_o that_o victory_n which_o only_o contain_v three_o word_n veni_fw-la vidi_n vici_fw-la i_o come_v i_o see_v i_o overcome_v the_o four_o be_v for_o his_o
make_v use_n of_o a_o javelin_n or_o pike_n as_o well_o as_o mars_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v conceive_v this_o be_v more_o for_o the_o convenience_n of_o his_o travel_n which_o be_v afoot_a and_o that_o many_o time_n in_o the_o winter_n haply_o over_o the_o alps_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o most_o of_o the_o great_a captain_n and_o general_n of_o rome_n as_o livy_n and_o plutarch_n abundant_o attest_v the_o ten_o medal_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d caiazzo_n julii_fw-la caesaris_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la dictatoris_fw-la the_o effigy_n of_o caesar_n crown_v with_o a_o thick_a crown_n of_o laurel_n which_o close_v before_o the_o better_a to_o cover_v his_o baldness_n the_o hair_n be_v thrust_v forward_o to_o help_v it_o the_o reverse_n have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d iliensium_fw-la bis_fw-la neocororum_fw-la aeneas_n carry_v his_o father_n and_o the_o palladium_n at_o their_o quit_n of_o troy_n the_o little_a julus_n go_v before_o with_o his_o hat_n in_o his_o hand_n that_o which_o in_o this_o fall_v under_o question_n be_v first_o to_o know_v the_o situation_n of_o this_o ilium_n wherein_o strabo_n have_v spend_v more_o sweat_n than_o all_o the_o geographer_n affirm_v it_o be_v not_o the_o ilium_n of_o his_o time_n a_o town_n well_o know_v nor_o any_o thing_n build_v upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o old_a one_o so_o ill-entreated_n by_o the_o greek_n as_o be_v distant_a from_o this_o thirty_o stadia_fw-la that_o in_o that_o place_n there_o be_v only_o a_o small_a village_n bear_v up_o the_o name_n that_o it_o be_v build_v up_o by_o alexander_n from_o a_o small_a town_n that_o it_o be_v before_o have_v a_o little_a temple_n of_o minerva_n much_o ruin_v and_o receive_v from_o he_o divers_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n with_o a_o promise_n after_o his_o victory_n over_o darius_n of_o a_o magnificent_a temple_n and_o the_o toleration_n and_o set_v up_o of_o game_n and_o exercise_n this_o be_v partly_o execute_v after_o his_o death_n by_o lysimachus_n who_o enlarge_v the_o city_n by_o a_o wall_n of_o forty_o stadia_fw-la dispose_v thither_o many_o out_o of_o the_o neighbour_a city_n that_o be_v ruin_v after_o which_o it_o be_v ruin_v and_o restore_v diverse_a time_n but_o last_o it_o receive_v great_a favour_n from_o sylla_n which_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o it_o declare_v against_o caesar_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o those_o of_o that_o city_n know_v not_o at_o that_o time_n that_o caesar_n pretend_v to_o be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o venus_n and_o anchises_n which_o be_v only_o find_v out_o after_o his_o victory_n but_o at_o length_n caesar_n receive_v they_o into_o favour_n restore_v and_o confirm_v their_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n and_o imitate_v alexander_n do_v they_o many_o courtesy_n in_o the_o second_o place_n the_o understanding_n of_o these_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d iliensium_fw-la neocororum_fw-la the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v translate_v common_o aedituorum_fw-la which_o we_o can_v render_v proper_o in_o english_a but_o by_o overseer_n supervisor_n and_o those_o that_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o temple_n and_o dispose_v of_o all_o thing_n sacred_a or_o in_o some_o sort_n they_o be_v such_o as_o we_o call_v churchwarden_n in_o our_o church_n but_o they_o be_v not_o those_o neocori_n of_o the_o temple_n that_o this_o medal_n and_o divers_a other_o represent_v unto_o we_o but_o the_o word_n be_v analogical_o apply_v to_o whole_a nation_n as_o also_o to_o city_n and_o body_n corporate_a to_o who_o the_o king_n and_o afterward_o the_o emperor_n give_v commission_n to_o make_v panegyric_n and_o encomiastic_a oration_n upon_o their_o statue_n pomp_n religious_a worship_n public_a recreation_n and_o exercise_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o god_n and_o prince_n which_o be_v do_v out_o of_o the_o public_a stock_n or_o by_o the_o contribution_n of_o the_o corporation_n as_o therefore_o the_o neocori_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o temple_n be_v disposer_n and_o guardian_n of_o the_o thing_n sacred_a that_o be_v in_o their_o sanctuary_n nay_o haply_o entertain_v the_o people_n or_o stranger_n with_o the_o rarity_n and_o antiquity_n of_o their_o worship_n and_o mystery_n so_o these_o national_n neocori_n have_v the_o superintendency_n over_o the_o pomp_n and_o solemnity_n panegyricall_a celebration_n exercise_n sacrifice_n and_o ceremony_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v upon_o the_o more_o festival_n day_n whereof_o they_o have_v the_o absolute_a disposal_n this_o i_o build_v upon_o the_o conjecture_n of_o the_o great_a and_o learned_a selden_n who_o be_v the_o first_o cut_v this_o gordian_a knot_n upon_o a_o passage_n of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n chap._n 19_o there_o we_o have_v demetrius_n and_o those_o of_o his_o profession_n raise_v a_o tumult_n and_o accuse_v st._n paul_n and_o other_o for_o preach_v that_o the_o statue_n make_v with_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n be_v not_o go_n the_o town-clark_n or_o the_o churchwarden_n have_v appease_v the_o tumult_n tell_v they_o that_o it_o be_v wellknown_a that_o the_o city_n of_o ephesus_n be_v then_o neocore_n in_o the_o english_a translation_n worshipper_n of_o the_o great_a goddess_n diana_n and_o of_o the_o image_n fall_v from_o jupiter_n and_o that_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o contradiction_n in_o that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n rash_o for_o these_o man_n faith_n he_o be_v neither_o sacrilegious_a nor_o blasphemous_a person_n and_o therefore_o have_v do_v nothing_o against_o the_o majesty_n of_o diana_n but_o if_o they_o have_v any_o matter_n against_o any_o man_n the_o law_n be_v open_a but_o in_o case_n it_o be_v something_o else_o relate_v to_o their_o goddess_n whether_o by_o blasphemy_n impiety_n or_o sacrilege_n the_o cognizance_n whereof_o do_v of_o right_o belong_v to_o the_o ephesian_n in_o body_n as_o be_v then_o neocori_n they_o shall_v have_v satisfaction_n in_o a_o full_a assembly_n convocate_v for_o thing_n of_o that_o nature_n now_o those_o silver_n shrine_n which_o demetrius_n be_v say_v to_o make_v be_v conceive_v to_o have_v be_v model_n of_o that_o magnificent_a temple_n which_o the_o ephesian_n be_v neocori_n cause_v out_o of_o magnifice_fw-la to_o be_v make_v of_o that_o rich_a metal_n have_v this_o controversy_n between_o the_o apostle_n and_o the_o goldsmith_n come_v to_o a_o decision_n they_o have_v proceed_v thus_o they_o will_v have_v have_v some_o to_o make_v public_a panegyric_n of_o their_o goddess_n in_o the_o first_o place_n then_o if_o paul_n and_o his_o companion_n shall_v not_o rest_v satisfy_v this_o neocorean_a people_n will_v have_v punish_v they_o according_a to_o their_o manner_n now_o that_o the_o neocori_n of_o the_o temple_n be_v use_v to_o commend_v to_o all_o comer_n especial_o traveller_n the_o greatness_n and_o power_n of_o their_o god_n and_o that_o the_o neocori_n of_o city_n imitate_v they_o but_o do_v it_o with_o great_a pomp_n employ_v person_n eminent_a for_o learning_n and_o eloquence_n as_o poet_n and_o orator_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o god_n as_o also_o their_o king_n monarch_n emperor_n founder_n and_o that_o upon_o day_n in_o stituted_a and_o ordain_v for_o that_o purpose_n may_v be_v learn_v from_o horace_n who_o lib._n 2._o ep._n 1._o writing_n to_o augustus_n call_v those_o poet_n aidituos_a who_o shall_v immortalize_v the_o virtue_n of_o that_o emperor_n or_o rather_o those_o who_o be_v charge_v to_o choose_v such_o as_o shall_v do_v it_o in_o these_o verse_n sed_fw-la tamen_fw-la est_fw-la operae_fw-la pretium_fw-la cognoscere_fw-la quale_fw-la be_v aedituos_fw-la habeat_fw-la belli_fw-la spectata_fw-la domique_fw-la virtus_fw-la indigno_fw-la non_fw-la committenda_fw-la poetae_fw-la but_o beside_o selden_n have_v well_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v none_o of_o these_o medal_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o that_o the_o city_n of_o greece_n be_v not_o yet_o arrive_v to_o that_o esteem_n of_o the_o roman_a greatness_n by_o the_o fabric_n of_o their_o money_n and_o other_o sign_n of_o veneration_n which_o they_o have_v come_v to_o since_o it_o become_v a_o monarchy_n this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o that_o great_a judicious_a man_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o absolute_o true_a for_o there_o be_v find_v the_o mark_n of_o this_o magnificence_n under_o the_o title_n of_o neocori_n abundant_o among_o the_o medal_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a whereof_o goltzius_n reckon_v above_o 20._o with_o this_o inscriptionâ—_n koinon_n make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d whence_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o people_n of_o macâ—donia_n be_v general_o neocori_n have_v cause_v these_o coin_n to_o be_v stamp_v in_o the_o honour_n of_o alexander_n have_v upon_o the_o reverse_n the_o figure_n of_o statue_n chariot_n temple_n column_n etc._n etc._n nay_o the_o maronean_n in_o
consider_v the_o weakness_n of_o man_n judgement_n in_o censure_a thing_n best_o know_v unto_o itself_o and_o the_o disability_n of_o his_o discourse_n in_o discover_v the_o nature_n of_o unacquainted_a object_n choose_v rather_o to_o hold_v any_o sensible_a impression_n which_o custom_n have_v by_o long_a practice_n enure_v then_o to_o hearken_v to_o some_o other_o more_o reasonable_a persuasion_n i_o do_v not_o marvel_n that_o such_o soldier_n who_o knowledge_n grow_v only_o from_o experience_n &_o consist_v in_o the_o rule_n of_o their_o own_o practice_n be_v hardly_o persuade_v that_o history_n and_o speculative_a learning_n be_v of_o any_o use_n in_o perfect_v of_o their_o art_n be_v so_o different_a in_o nature_n from_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o cunning_n and_o of_o so_o small_a affinity_n with_o the_o life_n of_o action_n wherein_o the_o use_n of_o arm_n and_o achievement_n of_o war_n seem_v to_o have_v their_o chief_a being_n but_o those_o pure_a spirit_n embellish_v with_o learning_n and_o enrich_v with_o the_o knowledge_n of_o other_o man_n fortune_n wherein_o variety_n of_o accident_n afford_v variety_n of_o instruction_n &_o the_o mutual_a conference_n of_o thing_n happen_v beget_v both_o similitude_n and_o difference_n contrary_a nature_n but_o yet_o joint_o concur_v to_o season_v our_o judgement_n with_o discretion_n and_o to_o install_v wisdom_n in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o mind_n these_o man_n i_o say_v mount_v aloft_o with_o the_o wing_n of_o contemplation_n do_v easy_o discover_v the_o ignorance_n of_o such_o martialist_n as_o be_v only_o train_v up_o in_o the_o school_n of_o practice_n and_o teach_v their_o rudiment_n under_o a_o few_o year_n experience_n which_o serve_v to_o interpret_v no_o other_o author_n but_o itself_o nor_o can_v approve_v his_o maxim_n but_o by_o his_o own_o authority_n and_o be_v rather_o move_v to_o pity_v their_o hard_a fortune_n have_v learn_v only_o to_o be_v ignorant_a then_o to_o envy_v their_o skill_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n when_o they_o oppose_v themselves_o against_o so_o manifest_a a_o truth_n as_o this_o that_o a_o mere_a practical_a knowledge_n can_v make_v a_o perfect_a soldier_n which_o proposition_n that_o i_o may_v the_o better_o confirm_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o reason_v a_o little_a of_o the_o ground_n of_o learning_n and_o dispute_v from_o the_o habitude_n of_o art_n and_o science_n which_o be_v then_o say_v to_o be_v perfect_o attain_v when_o their_o particular_a part_n be_v in_o such_o sort_n apprehend_v that_o from_o the_o variety_n of_o that_o individuality_n the_o intellectual_a power_n frame_v general_a notion_n and_o maxim_n of_o rule_n unite_n term_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n in_o one_o head_n and_o distinguish_a diversity_n by_o difference_n of_o property_n apt_o divide_v the_o whole_a body_n into_o his_o great_a and_o small_a branch_n and_o fit_v each_o part_n with_o his_o description_n duty_n caution_n and_o exception_n for_o unless_o the_o understanding_n be_v in_o this_o sort_n qualify_v and_o able_a by_o logisticall_a discourse_n to_o ascend_v by_o way_n of_o composition_n from_o singularity_n to_o catholic_a conception_n and_o return_v again_o the_o same_o way_n to_o the_o low_a order_n of_o his_o partition_n the_o mind_n can_v be_v say_v to_o have_v the_o perfection_n of_o that_o art_n nor_o instruct_v in_o the_o true_a use_n of_o that_o knowledge_n but_o guide_v herself_o by_o some_o break_a precept_n feel_v more_o want_n by_o that_o she_o have_v not_o than_o benefit_n by_o that_o she_o have_v whereby_o it_o follow_v that_o a_o science_n divide_v into_o many_o branch_n and_o consist_v in_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o divers_a member_n be_v all_o so_o interest_v in_o the_o bulk_n that_o a_o maim_n of_o the_o small_a part_n cause_v either_o debility_n or_o deformity_n in_o the_o body_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v thorough_o attain_v nor_o conceive_v with_o such_o a_o profit_v apprehension_n as_o steel_v the_o mind_n with_o true_a judgement_n and_o make_v the_o scholar_n master_n in_o his_o art_n unless_o the_o nature_n of_o these_o particularity_n be_v first_o have_v and_o obtain_v and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o no_o one_o science_n or_o faculty_n whatsoever_o in_o multitude_n and_o plurality_n of_o part_n may_v any_o way_n be_v comparable_a to_o the_o art_n military_a wherein_o every_o small_a and_o unrespected_a circumstance_n quite_o alter_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o action_n and_o breed_v such_o disparity_n and_o difference_n that_o the_o resemblance_n of_o their_o equal_a participate_v property_n be_v blemish_v with_o the_o dissimilitude_n of_o their_o disagree_a part_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o he_o that_o be_v acquaint_v with_o most_o of_o these_o particular_a occurrence_n and_o best_a know_v the_o variety_n of_o chance_n in_o the_o course_n of_o war_n must_v needs_o be_v think_v a_o more_o perfect_a soldier_n and_o deserve_v a_o title_n of_o great_a dignity_n in_o the_o profession_n of_o 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and_o end_v both_o in_o a_o summer_n the_o first_o between_z caesar_z and_o the_o helvetii_n suitzer_n the_o second_o between_o he_o and_o arâ—ovistus_n king_n of_o the_o german_n the_o history_n of_o the_o helvetian_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o three_o principal_a head_n under_o the_o first_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o move_v the_o helvetian_o to_o entertain_v so_o desperate_a a_o expedition_n and_o the_o preparation_n which_o they_o make_v for_o the_o same_o the_o second_o contain_v their_o defeat_n by_o caesar_n and_o the_o three_o their_o return_n into_o their_o country_n that_o of_o ariovistus_n divide_v itself_o into_o two_o part_n the_o first_o give_v the_o cause_n that_o induce_v caesar_n to_o undertake_v that_o war_n the_o second_o intreat_v of_o the_o war_n itself_o and_o particular_o describe_v ariovistus_n overthrow_n chap._n i._n gallia_n describe_v the_o helvetian_o dislike_v their_o native_a seat_n and_o propound_v to_o themselves_o large_a territory_n in_o the_o 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treasure_n and_o when_o m._n messala_n and_o m._n piso_n be_v consul_n be_v stir_v up_o with_o the_o desire_n of_o a_o kingdom_n he_o move_v the_o nobility_n to_o a_o commotion_n persuade_v the_o state_n to_o go_v out_o of_o their_o confine_n with_o their_o whole_a power_n as_o a_o easy_a matter_n for_o they_o that_o excel_v all_o other_o in_o valour_n and_o prowess_n to_o seize_v upon_o the_o empire_n of_o all_o gallia_n to_o which_o he_o do_v the_o rather_o persuade_v they_o for_o that_o the_o helvetian_o be_v on_o every_o side_n shut_v up_o by_o the_o strength_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o dwell_v on_o the_o one_o side_n with_o the_o depth_n and_o breadth_n of_o the_o river_n rhine_n which_o divide_v their_o country_n from_o the_o german_n on_o the_o other_o side_n with_o the_o high_a ridge_n of_o the_o hill_n jura_n which_o run_v between_o they_o and_o the_o sequans_n &_o on_o the_o three_o part_n they_o be_v flank_v with_o the_o lake_n â—_o lemanus_n and_o the_o river_n rhone_n part_v their_o territory_n from_o our_o province_n hence_o it_o happen_v that_o be_v thus_o straighten_v they_o can_v not_o easy_o enlarge_v themselves_o or_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o border_a country_n and_o thereupon_o be_v man_n whole_o bend_v to_o arm_n and_o war_n be_v much_o grieve_v as_o have_v too_o little_a elbow-room_n for_o their_o multitude_n of_o people_n and_o the_o renown_n they_o have_v get_v of_o their_o valour_n their_o whole_a country_n contain_v but_o 240_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o 180_o in_o breadth_n spur_v on_o with_o these_o inducement_n and_o move_v special_o with_o the_o authority_n of_o orgetorix_n they_o resolve_v to_o make_v provision_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v requisite_a for_o their_o expedition_n buy_v great_a number_n of_o car_n &_o horse_n for_o carriage_n sow_v much_o tillage_n that_o they_o may_v have_v plenty_n of_o corn_n in_o their_o journey_n make_v peace_n and_o amity_n with_o the_o confine_a country_n 〈◊〉_d for_o the_o perfect_a and_o supply_v of_o which_o thing_n they_o take_v two_o year_n to_o be_v sufficient_a and_o in_o the_o three_o enact_v their_o set_n forward_o by_o a_o solemn_a law_n assign_v orgetorix_n to_o give_v order_n for_o that_o which_o remain_v the_o first_o observation_n he_o that_o will_v examine_v this_o expedition_n of_o the_o helvetian_o by_o the_o transmigration_n and_o flitting_n of_o other_o nation_n shall_v find_v some_o unexampled_a particularity_n in_o the_o course_n of_o their_o proceed_n for_o first_o it_o have_v never_o be_v hear_v that_o any_o people_n utter_o abandon_v that_o country_n which_o nature_n or_o providence_n have_v allot_v they_o unless_o they_o be_v drive_v thereunto_o by_o a_o general_a calamity_n as_o the_o infection_n of_o the_o air_n the_o cruelty_n and_o oppression_n of_o a_o neighbour_n nation_n as_o be_v the_o suevian_o who_o think_v it_o great_a honour_n to_o suffer_v no_o man_n to_o border_n upon_o their_o confine_n or_o some_o other_o universal_a which_o make_v the_o place_n inhabitable_a and_o the_o people_n willing_a to_o undertake_v a_o voluntary_a exile_n but_o oftentimes_o we_o read_v that_o when_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o country_n be_v so_o multiply_v that_o the_o place_n be_v overcharge_v with_o multitude_n of_o offspring_n and_o like_o a_o poor_a father_n have_v more_o child_n than_o it_o be_v able_a to_o sustain_v the_o abound_a surplus_n be_v send_v out_o to_o seek_v new_a fortune_n in_o foreign_a country_n and_o to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o rest_a seat_n which_o may_v recompense_v the_o want_n of_o their_o native_a country_n with_o a_o plenteous_a revenue_n of_o necessary_a supplement_n and_o in_o this_o sort_n we_o read_v that_o rome_n send_v out_o many_o colony_n into_o divers_a part_n of_o her_o empire_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o ancient_a gall_n disourden_v themselves_o of_o their_o superfluity_n and_o send_v they_o into_o asia_n the_o goth_n come_v from_o the_o island_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o in_o silvius_n his_o time_n swarm_v over_o germany_n beside_o many_o other_o nation_n who_o transmigration_n be_v particular_o describe_v by_o lazius_n but_o among_o all_o these_o we_o find_v none_o that_o so_o forsake_v their_o country_n but_o there_o remain_v some_o behind_o to_o inhabit_v the_o same_o from_o whence_o as_o from_o a_o fountain_n succeed_a age_n may_v derive_v the_o stream_n of_o that_o overflow_a multitude_n and_o by_o they_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o cause_n which_o move_v they_o unto_o it_o for_o their_o manner_n be_v in_o all_o such_o expedition_n and_o send_v out_o of_o colony_n to_o divide_v themselves_o into_o two_o or_o three_o part_n equal_a both_o in_o equality_n and_o number_n for_o after_o they_o have_v part_v their_o common_a people_n into_o even_a company_n they_o divide_v their_o nobility_n with_o as_o great_a equality_n as_o they_o can_v among_o the_o former_a partition_n and_o then_o cast_v lot_n that_o part_n which_o go_v out_o to_o seek_v new_a adventure_n leave_v their_o land_n and_o possession_n to_o the_o rest_n that_o remain_v at_o home_n and_o so_o by_o industry_n they_o supply_v that_o defect_n which_o continuance_n of_o time_n have_v draw_v upon_o they_o and_o this_o be_v the_o mean_n which_o the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n find_v out_o after_o the_o flood_n to_o people_n the_o uninhabited_a place_n and_o to_o keep_v oft_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o scarcity_n and_o famine_n the_o second_o observation_n he_o that_o will_v prognosticate_v by_o the_o course_n of_o these_o several_a proceed_n whether_o of_o the_o two_o betoken_v better_a success_n have_v great_a reason_n to_o foretell_v happiness_n to_o these_o which_o i_o last_o speak_v of_o then_o to_o the_o helvetian_o unless_o their_o valour_n be_v the_o great_a and_o quit_v all_o difficulty_n which_o hatred_n and_o envy_n will_v cast_v upon_o they_o for_o a_o action_n which_o savour_v of_o necessity_n
the_o helvetian_o have_v match_v his_o sister_n by_o his_o mother_n and_o other_o of_o his_o kâ—_n into_o other_o state_n for_o that_o affiâ—ty_a he_o favour_v and_o wish_v well_o to_o the_o helvetian_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n hate_v the_o roman_n and_o special_o caesar_n of_o all_o other_o for_o that_o by_o their_o come_n into_o gallia_n his_o power_n be_v weaken_v and_o divitiacus_n his_o brother_n restore_v to_o his_o ancient_a honour_n and_o dignity_n if_o any_o miscasualtie_n happen_v to_o the_o romansâ—is_n â—is_z hope_v be_v to_o obtain_v the_o principality_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o helvetian_o whereas_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o roman_n make_v he_o not_o only_o despair_v of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o also_o of_o the_o favour_n or_o what_o other_o thing_n soever_o he_o now_o enjoy_v and_o caesar_n have_v find_v out_o by_o inquiry_n that_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o slight_a when_o the_o cavalry_n be_v rout_v come_v from_o dumnorix_n and_o his_o horseman_n for_o he_o command_v those_o troop_n which_o the_o heduan_o have_v send_v to_o aid_n caesar_n and_o out_o of_o that_o disorder_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o cavalry_n take_v a_o fright_n which_o thing_n be_v discover_v forasmuch_o as_o these_o suspicion_n be_v second_v with_o matter_n of_o certainty_n in_o that_o he_o have_v bring_v the_o helvetian_o through_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o sequans_n have_v cause_v hostage_n to_o be_v give_v on_o either_o side_n and_o do_v all_o those_o thing_n not_o only_o without_o warrant_n from_o the_o state_n but_o without_o acquaint_v they_o therewith_o and_o last_o in_o that_o he_o be_v accuse_v by_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o heduan_o he_o think_v it_o cause_v sufficient_a for_o he_o to_o punish_v he_o or_o to_o command_v the_o state_n to_o do_v justice_n upon_o he_o one_o thing_n there_o be_v which_o may_v seem_v too_o oppugn_v all_o this_o the_o singular_a affection_n of_o divitiacus_n his_o brother_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n the_o great_a love_n he_o bear_v particular_o to_o caesar_n his_o loyalty_n justice_n and_o temperance_n and_o therefore_o he_o fear_v least_o his_o punishment_n may_v any_o way_n alienate_v or_o offend_v divitiacus_n sincere_a affection_n and_o therefore_o before_o he_o do_v any_o thing_n he_o call_v divitiacus_n and_o put_v aside_o â—he_v ordinary_a interpreter_n he_o speak_v to_o he_o by_o m._n valerius_n procillus_n one_o of_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o province_n of_o gallia_n his_o familiar_a friend_n &_o who_o he_o special_o trust_v in_o matter_n of_o importance_n and_o take_v notice_n what_o dumnorix_n have_v utter_v in_o his_o presence_n at_o a_o council_n of_o the_o gall_n show_v also_o what_o information_n he_o have_v private_o receive_v concern_v he_o and_o therefore_o by_o way_n of_o advice_n desire_v that_o without_o any_o offence_n to_o he_o either_o he_o himself_o may_v call_v he_o in_o question_n or_o the_o state_n take_v some_o course_n in_o the_o same_o divitiacus_n embrace_v caesar_n with_o many_o tear_n beseech_v he_o not_o to_o take_v any_o severe_a course_n with_o his_o brother_n he_o know_v well_o that_o all_o those_o thing_n be_v true_a neither_o be_v there_o any_o man_n more_o grieve_v thereat_o then_o himself_o for_o whereas_o he_o have_v credit_n and_o reputation_n both_o at_o home_n and_o among_o other_o state_n of_o gallia_n and_o his_o brother_n be_v of_o small_a power_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o youth_n be_v by_o his_o aid_n and_o assistance_n grow_v into_o favour_n and_o authority_n he_o use_v those_o mean_n as_o a_o advantage_n not_o only_o to_o weaken_v his_o authority_n but_o to_o bring_v he_o to_o ruin_v and_o yet_o nevertheless_o he_o find_v himself_o overrule_v through_o brotherly_a affection_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o common_a people_n and_o if_o caesar_n shall_v take_v any_o strict_a account_n of_o these_o offence_n there_o be_v no_o man_n but_o will_v think_v it_o be_v do_v with_o his_o privity_n consider_v the_o place_n he_o hold_v in_o his_o favour_n whereupon_o will_v consequent_o follow_v on_o his_o behalf_n a_o general_a alienation_n and_o distaste_n of_o all_o gallia_n as_o he_o utter_v these_o thing_n with_o many_o other_o word_n accompany_v with_o tear_n caesar_z take_z his_o right_a hand_n 〈…〉_z comfort_v he_o and_o desire_v he_o to_o entreat_v no_o further_o for_o such_o be_v the_o respect_n he_o have_v unto_o he_o that_o for_o his_o sake_n and_o at_o his_o request_n he_o forgive_v both_o the_o injury_n do_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o displeasure_n which_o he_o have_v just_o conceive_v for_o the_o same_o and_o thereupon_o call_v dumnorix_n before_o he_o and_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o brother_n show_v he_o wherein_o he_o have_v deserve_v much_o blame_n and_o reproof_n tell_v he_o what_o he_o have_v understand_v and_o what_o the_o state_n complain_v on_o advise_v he_o to_o avoid_v all_o occasion_n of_o mislike_n for_o the_o future_a that_o which_o be_v past_a he_o have_v forgive_v he_o at_o divitiacus_n his_o brother_n entreaty_n howbeit_o he_o set_v espial_n upon_o he_o to_o observe_v his_o course_n that_o he_o may_v be_v inform_v what_o he_o do_v and_o with_o who_o he_o converse_v the_o same_o day_n understand_v by_o the_o discoverer_n that_o the_o enemy_n be_v lodge_v under_o a_o hill_n about_o eight_o mile_n from_o his_o camp_n he_o send_v some_o to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o of_o the_o ascent_n from_o about_o the_o same_o which_o be_v find_v &_o according_o report_v unto_o he_o to_o be_v very_o easy_a in_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n he_o send_v away_o t._n labienus_n the_o legate_n with_o two_o legion_n and_o those_o guide_n that_o know_v the_o way_n command_v he_o to_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o top_n of_o that_o hill_n himself_o about_o the_o four_o watch_n march_v on_o after_o the_o enemy_n the_o same_o way_n they_o have_v go_v send_v all_o his_o horseman_n before_o p._n causidius_n that_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o great_a soldier_n first_o in_o the_o army_n of_o l._n sylla_n and_o afterward_o with_o m._n crassus_n be_v send_v before_o with_o the_o discoverer_n at_o the_o break_n of_o the_o day_n when_o labienus_n have_v get_v the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o himself_o be_v come_v within_o a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a of_o the_o helvetian_a camp_n without_o any_o notice_n to_o the_o enemy_n either_o of_o he_o or_o labienus_n approach_v as_o be_v afterward_o find_v by_o the_o captive_n causidius_n come_v run_v as_o fast_o as_o his_o horse_n can_v drive_v and_o tell_v he_o that_o the_o hill_n which_o labienus_n shall_v have_v take_v be_v hold_v by_o the_o gall_n which_o he_o perceive_v plain_o by_o the_o arm_n and_o ensign_n of_o the_o helvetian_o whereupon_o caesar_n draw_v his_o force_n to_o the_o next_o hill_n and_o imbattel_v the_o army_n labienus_n according_a to_o the_o direction_n he_o have_v from_o caesar_n not_o to_o fight_v unless_o he_o see_v his_o force_n near_o the_o enemy_n camp_n that_o they_o may_v both_o at_o the_o same_o time_n assault_v they_o from_o divers_a part_n at_o once_o when_o he_o have_v take_v the_o hill_n keep_v his_o man_n from_o battle_n expect_v our_o army_n at_o length_n when_o it_o be_v far_o in_o the_o day_n caesar_n understand_v by_o the_o discoverer_n that_o the_o hill_n be_v possess_v by_o his_o party_n as_o also_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v dislodge_v and_o that_o causidius_n be_v so_o astonish_v with_o fear_n that_o he_o report_v to_o have_v see_v that_o which_o he_o see_v not_o the_o same_o day_n he_o follow_v the_o enemy_n at_o the_o distance_n he_o have_v former_o use_v and_o encamp_v himself_o three_o mile_n from_o they_o the_o day_n follow_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o army_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o corn_n within_o two_o day_n next_o after_o and_o that_o he_o be_v but_o eighteen_o mile_n distant_a from_o bibract_n a_o great_a and_o opulent_a city_n of_o the_o heduan_o he_o turn_v aside_o from_o the_o helvetian_o and_o make_v towards_o bibract_n the_o first_o observation_n the_o get_n of_o this_o hill_n as_o a_o place_n of_o advantage_n war_n be_v marvellous_a important_a to_o the_o happy_a success_n of_o the_o battle_n for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n be_v not_o only_o note_v as_o a_o especial_a cause_n of_o easy_a victory_n throughout_o this_o history_n but_o in_o all_o their_o war_n from_o the_o very_a cradle_n of_o their_o empire_n it_o clear_v their_o army_n from_o all_o difficulty_n to_o what_o extremity_n soever_o they_o be_v put_v the_o first_o reason_n may_v be_v in_o regard_n of_o their_o dart_n and_o sling_n and_o especial_o their_o pile_n which_o be_v a_o heavy_a deadly_a weapon_n can_v not_o any_o way_n be_v so_o available_a be_v cast_v countermont_n or_o in_o a_o plain_a level_n as_o when_o the_o declivity_n and_o downfall_n of_o a_o swell_a
bank_n do_v natural_o second_v their_o violent_a impression_n neither_o can_v the_o shock_n at_o handy-blowe_n be_v any_o thing_n so_o furious_a which_o be_v a_o point_n of_o great_a respect_n in_o their_o battle_n when_o the_o soldier_n spend_v their_o strength_n in_o franchise_v the_o in_o jury_n of_o a_o rise_a mountain_n as_o when_o the_o place_n by_o a_o natural_a inclination_n do_v further_o their_o course_n and_o to_o conclude_v if_o the_o battle_n succeed_v not_o according_a to_o theâ—_n desire_n the_o favour_n of_o the_o place_n afford_v they_o mean_n of_o a_o strong_a retreat_n in_o the_o high_a part_n whereof_o they_o have_v common_o their_o camp_n well_o fence_v and_o fortify_v against_o all_o chance_n if_o it_o be_v demand_v whether_o the_o upper_a ground_n be_v of_o like_a use_n in_o regard_n of_o our_o weapon_n i_o answer_v that_o in_o a_o skirmish_n of_o shot_n i_o take_v the_o advantage_n to_o lie_v in_o the_o low_a ground_n rather_o than_o on_o the_o hill_n for_o the_o piece_n be_v hasty_o charge_v as_o common_o they_o be_v after_o the_o first_o volley_n if_o the_o bullet_n chance_v to_o lie_v loose_a when_o the_o nose_n of_o the_o piece_n be_v low_a than_o the_o breech_n it_o must_v needs_o fly_v at_o random_n and_o be_v altogether_o uneffectual_a but_o when_o the_o nose_n shall_v be_v raise_v upward_o to_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n the_o bullet_n be_v ram_v in_o with_o his_o own_o weight_n shall_v fly_v with_o great_a certainty_n and_o fury_n consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o powder_n to_o be_v such_o that_o the_o more_o it_o be_v stop_v and_o shut_v in_o the_o more_o it_o seek_v to_o enlarge_v his_o room_n and_o break_v forth_o with_o great_a violence_n and_o fury_n concern_v other_o weapon_n i_o take_v the_o upper_a ground_n in_o the_o shock_n and_o encounter_v to_o be_v advantageous_a as_o well_o for_o the_o sword_n as_o the_o pike_n and_o will_v deserve_v as_o great_a respect_n if_o the_o controversy_n be_v decide_v by_o these_o weapon_n as_o seldom_o time_n it_o be_v the_o second_o observation_n by_o causidius_n his_o demeanour_n we_o see_v that_o verify_v which_o physician_n affirm_v that_o nothing_o will_v soon_o carry_v our_o judgement_n out_o of_o her_o proper_a seat_n than_o the_o passion_n of_o fear_n and_o that_o among_o soldier_n themselves_o who_o custom_n have_v make_v familiar_o acquaint_v with_o horror_n and_o death_n it_o be_v able_a to_o turn_v a_o flock_n of_o sheep_n into_o a_o squadron_n of_o corselet_n and_o a_o few_o cane_n or_o olier_n into_o pike_n and_o lancier_n which_o may_v serve_v to_o advise_v a_o discreet_a general_n not_o easy_o to_o credit_v a_o relation_n of_o that_o nature_n when_o a_o man_n of_o reputation_n in_o so_o perfect_a a_o discipline_n and_o so_o experience_v in_o the_o service_n of_o three_o famous_a chief_n be_v so_o surprise_v with_o fear_n that_o he_o can_v not_o discern_v his_o friend_n from_o his_o enemy_n but_o i_o will_v speak_v more_o of_o this_o passion_n in_o the_o war_n with_o aâ—â—ovistus_n the_o three_o observation_n in_o every_o relation_n throughout_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o this_o history_n victual_v the_o first_o word_n be_v common_o these_o re_fw-mi frumentaria_fw-la comparata_fw-la as_o the_o foundation_n and_o strength_n of_o every_o expedition_n without_o which_o no_o man_n can_v manage_v a_o war_n according_a to_o the_o true_a maxim_n and_o rule_n of_o the_o art_n military_a but_o must_v be_v force_v to_o relieve_v that_o inconvenience_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o other_o advantage_n of_o great_a consequence_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o gaspar_n the_o coligm_n that_o famous_a admiral_n of_o france_n among_o other_o oracle_n of_o truth_n wherewith_o his_o mind_n be_v marvellous_o enrich_v often_o to_o use_v this_o say_n that_o he_o that_o will_v shape_v that_o beast_n mean_v war_n must_v begin_v with_o the_o belly_n and_o this_o rule_n be_v diligent_o observe_v by_o caesar_n who_o best_o know_v how_o to_o express_v the_o true_a portraiture_n of_o that_o beast_n in_o due_a proportion_n and_o lively_a resemblance_n the_o order_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v at_o the_o day_n of_o measure_v to_o give_v corn_n to_o every_o particular_a soldier_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n which_o be_v common_o desined_a by_o circumstance_n and_o by_o the_o measure_n which_o be_v give_v they_o they_o know_v the_o day_n of_o the_o next_o payment_n for_o every_o footman_n receive_v after_o the_o rate_n of_o a_o bushel_n a_o week_n which_o be_v think_v sufficient_a for_o he_o and_o his_o servant_n for_o if_o they_o have_v pay_v they_o their_o whole_a stipend_n in_o money_n it_o may_v have_v be_v waste_v in_o unnecessary_a expense_n but_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o be_v sure_a of_o provision_n for_o the_o time_n determine_v and_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o war_n be_v provident_o care_v for_o by_o the_o general_n the_o corn_n be_v deliver_v out_o be_v husband_v ground_n with_o hand-mille_n which_o they_o carry_v always_o with_o they_o and_o make_v into_o hasty_a cake_n dainty_a enough_o for_o a_o soldier_n mouth_n by_o no_o other_o but_o themselves_o and_o their_o servant_n neither_o can_v they_o sell_v it_o or_o exchange_v it_o for_o bread_n for_o sallust_n reckon_v this_o up_o among_o other_o dishonour_n of_o the_o discipline_n corrupt_v that_o the_o soldier_n sell_v away_o their_o corn_n which_o be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o treasurer_n and_o buy_v their_o bread_n by_o the_o day_n and_o this_o manner_n of_o provision_n have_v many_o special_a commodity_n which_o be_v not_o incident_a to_o our_o custom_n of_o victual_v for_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o victualler_n shall_v follow_v a_o army_n upon_o a_o service_n in_o the_o enemy_n country_n twenty_o or_o thirty_o day_n together_o with_o sufficient_a provision_n for_o a_o army_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o general_n can_v attend_v advantage_n and_o fit_a opportunity_n which_o in_o tract_n of_o time_n be_v often_o offer_v but_o be_v force_v either_o to_o hazard_v the_o whole_a upon_o unequal_a term_n or_o to_o found_v a_o unwilling_a retreat_n and_o whereas_o the_o victualler_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n voluntary_a respect_v nothing_o but_o their_o gain_n and_o the_o soldier_n on_o the_o other_o side_n careless_a of_o the_o morrow_n and_o prodigal_a of_o the_o present_a in_o that_o turbulent_a marre-market_n where_o the_o seller_n have_v a_o eye_n only_o to_o his_o particular_a and_o the_o buyer_n respect_v neither_o the_o public_a good_a nor_o his_o private_a commodity_n there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v look_v for_o but_o famine_n and_o confusion_n whereas_o the_o roman_n by_o their_o manner_n of_o provision_n impose_v the_o general_a care_n of_o the_o public_a good_a upon_o the_o chief_a commander_n who_o duty_n it_o be_v to_o provide_v store_n of_o corn_n for_o his_o army_n and_o the_o particular_a care_n upon_o every_o private_a soldier_n who_o it_o especial_o concern_v to_o see_v that_o the_o allowance_n which_o the_o commonweal_n have_v in_o plentiful_a manner_n give_v he_o for_o his_o maintenance_n may_v not_o be_v waste_v through_o negligence_n or_o prodigality_n which_o excellent_a order_n the_o nature_n of_o our_o victual_n will_v no_o way_n admit_v their_o province_n and_o the_o next_o confederate_a state_n furnish_v their_o army_n continual_o with_o corn_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o this_o place_n that_o for_o provision_n of_o grain_n he_o depend_v altogether_o upon_o the_o hedui_n and_o when_o they_o be_v in_o the_o enemy_n country_n in_o the_o time_n of_o harvest_n the_o soldier_n go_v out_o to_o reap_v and_o gather_v corn_n and_o deliver_v it_o thresh_v and_o cleanse_v to_o the_o treasurer_n that_o it_o may_v be_v keep_v until_o the_o day_n of_o payment_n but_o to_o leave_v this_o fiugall_a and_o provident_a manner_n of_o provision_n as_o unpossible_a to_o be_v amitate_v by_o this_o age_n let_v we_o return_v to_o our_o history_n and_o see_v how_o the_o helvetian_o be_v lead_v by_o a_o probable_a error_n to_o their_o last_o overthrow_n chap._n vii_o the_o helvetian_o follow_v after_o caesar_n and_o overtake_v the_o rearward_n he_o imbattail_v his_o legion_n upon_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n and_o give_v order_n for_o the_o battle_n whereof_o the_o enemy_n be_v advertise_v by_o certain_a fugitive_n of_o the_o troup_n of_o horse_n command_v by_o l._n emilius_n caesar_n present_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o they_o think_v the_o roman_n do_v turn_v away_o for_o fear_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o day_n before_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o upper_a ground_n they_o refuse_v to_o sight_n or_o whether_o they_o think_v to_o cut_v they_o off_o from_o provision_n of_o corn_n they_o alter_v their_o purpose_n and_o turn_v back_o again_o begin_v to_o attack_v our_o man_n in_o the_o rear_n which_o caesar_n perceive_v draw_v his_o force_n to_o the_o next_o hill_n and_o send_v the_o cavalry_n
a_o maniple_n be_v either_o a_o hand_n or_o a_o dragon_n a_o wolf_n or_o a_o sphinx_n as_o it_o appear_v beside_o the_o testimony_n of_o history_n by_o the_o column_n of_o trajan_n in_o rome_n wherein_o the_o ensign_n be_v figure_v with_o such_o portraiture_n so_o that_o these_o ensign_n resemble_v the_o proportion_n of_o live_a creature_n have_v their_o forepart_n always_o carry_v that_o way_n which_o the_o legious_a be_v to_o march_v or_o where_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v and_o therefore_o in_o this_o history_n by_o the_o aspect_n and_o carry_v of_o the_o ensign_n the_o front_n of_o the_o army_n be_v common_o note_v as_o in_o this_o place_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o ensign_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o battle_n be_v carry_v towards_o the_o hill_n whither_o the_o helvetian_o have_v make_v their_o retreat_n and_o the_o ensign_n of_o the_o three_o battle_n look_v another_o way_n towards_o the_o boii_n and_o tulingi_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n by_o which_o be_v signify_v how_o the_o legion_n be_v divide_v to_o resist_v the_o brunt_n of_o the_o double_a encounter_n the_o second_o observation_n concern_v the_o time_n of_o the_o day_n we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o roman_n use_v not_o the_o same_o division_n of_o the_o day_n as_o we_o common_o do_v day_n for_o they_o divide_v their_o artificial_a which_o be_v the_o space_n between_o sunrising_a and_o set_v into_o twelve_o equal_a part_n which_o the_o astronomer_n call_v unequal_a or_o planetary_a hour_n the_o first_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n begin_v always_o at_o sunrising_a the_o six_o hour_n be_v always_o high_a noon_n and_o the_o twelve_o hour_n be_v sunset_n and_o as_o the_o day_n wax_v long_a or_o short_a so_o these_o hour_n be_v either_o great_a or_o less_o neither_o do_v they_o agree_v with_o equal_a or_o equinoctial_a hour_n such_o as_o be_v now_o use_v but_o only_o at_o the_o aequinoctium_n so_o that_o by_o this_o manner_n of_o reckon_n ab_fw-la hora_fw-la septima_fw-la ad_fw-la vesperum_fw-la be_v mean_v the_o battle_n begin_v about_o one_o of_o the_o clock_n according_a to_o our_o computation_n and_o continue_v until_o the_o evening_n the_o like_a we_o must_v understand_v throughout_o this_o whole_a history_n as_o often_o as_o there_o be_v mention_v make_v of_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n chap._n x._o the_o helvetian_o continue_v their_o fight_n at_o the_o carriage_n but_o at_o length_n they_o leave_v the_o field_n and_o march_v towards_o langre_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o fight_n be_v keep_v on_o foot_n at_o the_o carriage_n caesar_n until_o it_o be_v far_o in_o the_o night_n the_o place_n be_v fortify_v with_o cart_n instead_o of_o a_o rampire_n and_o the_o enemy_n cast_v their_o weapon_n from_o the_o upper_a ground_n and_o with_o dart_n and_o javelin_n under_o the_o wagon_n and_o from_o between_o the_o wheel_n do_v wound_n and_o gall_n many_o of_o our_o man_n after_o a_o long_a conflict_n our_o soldier_n take_v their_o carriage_n and_o their_o camp_n wherein_o orgetorix_n daughter_n and_o one_o of_o his_o son_n be_v take_v there_o be_v save_v out_o of_o that_o battle_n about_o one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o thousand_o person_n who_o march_v continual_o all_o that_o night_n and_o make_v no_o stay_n in_o any_o place_n come_v the_o four_o day_n into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o lingones_n langre_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o soldier_n hurt_n and_o the_o burial_n of_o the_o slay_v wherein_o there_o be_v spend_v three_o day_n there_o be_v no_o pursuit_n make_v after_o they_o observation_n if_o we_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o action_n and_o look_v into_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o their_o overthrow_n as_o far_o as_o the_o right_a sense_n of_o the_o history_n shall_v direct_v our_o judgement_n we_o shall_v find_v valour_n not_o to_o be_v want_v in_o the_o helvetian_o but_o rather_o superlative_o abound_v in_o the_o roman_n for_o that_o vehement_a opinion_n of_o their_o valiancy_n and_o manhood_n which_o carry_v they_o out_o of_o the_o starit_n of_o the_o country_n to_o seek_v large_a fortune_n in_o other_o kingdom_n be_v not_o so_o abate_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o their_o host_n at_o the_o river_n arar_n nor_o with_o the_o terrible_a fury_n of_o those_o veterane_n legion_n but_o it_o yield_v this_o effect_n which_o caesar_n in_o his_o estimate_n of_o valour_n think_v memorable_a that_o for_o five_o hour_n space_n or_o more_o there_o be_v not_o one_o man_n see_v to_o have_v turn_v his_o back_n their_o manner_n of_o imbattel_v have_v not_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o enemy_n be_v unresistable_a for_o be_v cast_v into_o a_o phalanx_n which_o in_o the_o plain_n of_o asia_n have_v make_v alexander_n the_o great_a and_o the_o macedomans_n famous_a they_o do_v as_o far_o surpass_v any_o other_o form_n of_o imbattel_v suppose_v that_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o place_n do_v fit_v that_o disposition_n wherein_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v divide_v into_o many_o particular_n as_o the_o violence_n of_o a_o great_a body_n exceed_v the_o force_n and_o motion_n of_o his_o part_n when_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o small_a canton_n for_o as_o in_o a_o phalanx_n many_o particular_a soldier_n be_v by_o a_o close_a and_o compact_a order_n incorporate_v into_o one_o entire_a body_n so_o their_o several_a virtue_n be_v gather_v into_o one_o head_n and_o be_v as_o part_n unite_v into_o one_o general_a force_n which_o easy_o swallow_v up_o the_o ability_n of_o many_o other_o lesser_a quantity_n into_o which_o a_o great_a strength_n be_v equal_o divide_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n which_o they_o get_v by_o retreat_n and_o the_o double_a charge_n wherewith_o they_o engage_v the_o roman_n both_o in_o front_n and_o flank_n be_v able_a in_o a_o indifferent_a conflict_n to_o have_v make_v fortune_n fugitive_a and_o bear_v arm_n on_o their_o side_n or_o at_o the_o least_o so_o to_o have_v stâ—â—med_v the_o swell_a tide_n of_o victory_n which_o carry_v the_o roman_n so_o violent_o in_o the_o chase_n that_o they_o may_v have_v be_v equal_a shater_n in_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o day_n have_v it_o not_o follow_v from_o a_o ocean_n of_o valour_n who_o course_n can_v not_o be_v hinder_v with_o any_o stop_n and_o opposition_n until_o it_o come_v to_o that_o height_n which_o true_a valour_n and_o unexampled_a resolution_n affect_v and_o yet_o the_o height_n of_o this_o courage_n can_v not_o so_o allay_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o helvetian_o fury_n but_o it_o break_v forth_o into_o dangerous_a flame_n when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o place_n where_o their_o carriage_n be_v lay_v and_o cost_v much_o blood_n and_o many_o man_n life_n before_o they_o quit_v the_o place_n for_o they_o fight_v with_o that_o spirit_n and_o industry_n as_o though_o they_o mean_v to_o make_v trial_n whether_o their_o fortune_n will_v prove_v no_o better_o in_o the_o might_n than_o it_o have_v do_v in_o the_o day_n the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o tigâ—râ—e_a canton_n at_o the_o river_n arar_n proceed_v rather_o from_o want_n of_o good_a ducâ—tions_n which_o be_v the_o less_o to_o be_v marvel_v at_o consider_v they_o have_v no_o chief_a commander_n as_o we_o read_v of_o then_o from_o any_o defect_n of_o valour_n 〈…〉_z for_o the_o rule_n of_o military_a government_n 〈◊〉_d especial_a care_n in_o pass_v over_o a_o water_n for_o then_o especial_o a_o army_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n when_o it_o be_v disorder_v and_o divide_v and_o therefore_o the_o roman_n achieve_v this_o victory_n by_o the_o horrible_a vigilancy_n as_o tully_n call_v it_o of_o their_o commandeâ—_n who_o always_o watch_v opportunitates_fw-la reâ—_n bene_fw-la gerendae_fw-la as_o necessary_a and_o speedy_a mean_n to_o overcome_v in_o all_o his_o war_n chap._n xi_o caesar_n after_o three_o day_n respite_n follow_v after_o the_o helvetian_o he_o take_v they_o to_o mercy_n and_o send_v they_o back_o again_o to_o the_o country_n caesar_n send_v letter_n and_o messenger_n to_o the_o lingones_n caesar_n forbid_v to_o supply_v they_o either_o with_o cornor_n any_o other_o thing_n which_o if_o they_o do_v he_o will_v esteem_v of_o they_o as_o of_o the_o helvetian_o himself_o after_o three_o day_n respite_n follw_v after_o with_o all_o his_o force_n the_o helvetian_o press_v with_o the_o want_n of_o all_o necessary_a provision_n send_v commissioner_n unto_o he_o to_o treat_v of_o their_o rendition_n who_o meet_v he_o on_o the_o way_n cast_v themselves_o at_o his_o foot_n and_o with_o humble_a word_n and_o tear_n desire_v peace_n be_v command_v to_o attend_v in_o the_o place_n they_o then_o be_v they_o according_o obey_v caesar_n be_v come_v up_o unto_o they_o require_v hostage_n together_o with_o their_o arm_n and_o servant_n as_o also_o the_o fugitive_n that_o be_v sle_z unto_o they_o while_o those_o thing_n be_v seek_v out_o and_o bring_v in_o the_o
stipendary_n wherein_o caesar_n offer_v great_a wrong_n for_o that_o his_o come_n thither_o have_v make_v their_o tribute_n much_o less_o unto_o he_o then_o before_o touch_v their_o hostage_n his_o purpose_n be_v still_o to_o retain_v they_o neither_o will_v he_o make_v any_o unjust_a war_n upon_o any_o of_o their_o associate_n if_o they_o observe_v the_o article_n of_o agreement_n and_o pay_v their_o yearly_a tribute_n but_o if_o they_o fail_v in_o that_o the_o fraternity_n of_o the_o roman_n will_v come_v too_o late_o to_o their_o succour_n if_o caesar_n will_v needs_o undertake_v their_o quarrel_n he_o be_v to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o no_o man_n ever_o contend_v with_o ariovistus_n but_o to_o his_o own_o destruction_n try_v when_o he_o will_v he_o shall_v find_v what_o valour_n consist_v in_o the_o german_n that_o for_o fourteen_o year_n space_n never_o be_v cover_v with_o other_o roof_n than_o the_o heaven_n observation_n and_o thus_o far_o proceed_v caesar_n with_o ariovistus_n in_o debate_v the_o wrong_n and_o grievance_n of_o the_o hedui_n wherein_o appear_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o matter_n handle_v according_a to_o moral_a civility_n in_o term_n of_o mildness_n and_o please_a accent_n and_o that_o which_o be_v rude_o deliver_v and_o depend_v rather_o upon_o the_o plainness_n of_o the_o project_n then_o suit_v with_o word_n fit_a for_o persuasion_n for_o that_o which_o ariovistus_n allege_v to_o make_v good_a his_o interest_n in_o gallia_n be_v as_o consonant_a to_o reason_n as_o any_o thing_n to_o the_o contrary_n urge_v by_o caesar_n but_o as_o the_o lacedaemonian_a say_v of_o one_o that_o he_o speak_v the_o truth_n otherwise_o than_o it_o shall_v be_v speak_v so_o it_o may_v be_v say_v of_o ariovistus_n his_o answer_n that_o it_o want_v that_o sweat_a humanity_n which_o give_v credit_n to_o verity_n itself_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o proceed_v from_o a_o well-tempered_a spirit_n wherein_o no_o turbulent_a passion_n seem_v to_o control_v the_o force_n of_o reason_n nor_o hinder_v the_o sentence_n of_o true_a judgement_n but_o rather_o season_v her_o conception_n with_o humility_n do_v convert_o complain_v of_o open_a wrong_n and_o strengthen_v her_o assertion_n with_o a_o please_a delivery_n and_o therefore_o how_o great_a soever_o the_o controversy_n be_v that_o party_n which_o exceed_v not_o the_o bound_n of_o modesty_n but_o make_v mildness_n his_o chief_a advocate_n will_v so_o prevail_v in_o any_o auditory_a that_o albeit_o equity_n do_v disallow_v her_o title_n yet_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o carriage_n will_v clear_v he_o from_o offer_v wrong_n in_o that_o he_o use_v the_o sequels_fw-fr of_o innocency_n to_o prove_v his_o interest_n in_o that_o which_o he_o demand_v but_o to_o leave_v this_o circumstance_n as_o only_o to_o be_v note_v let_v we_o proceed_v to_o the_o war_n itself_o which_o i_o make_v the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o history_n chap._n xv._n the_o treviri_n bring_v news_n of_o one_o hundred_o township_n of_o the_o suevi_n that_o 〈◊〉_d come_v to_o the_o khene_a caesar_n take_v in_o besanson_n his_o soldier_n be_v surprise_v with_o a_o extreme_a fear_n of_o the_o german_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o this_o answer_n be_v return_v to_o caesar_n caesar_n there_o come_v likewise_o ambassador_n from_o the_o heduan_o and_o trevire_n the_o heduan_o complain_v that_o the_o harudes_n late_o transport_v into_o gallia_n do_v depopulate_v and_o waste_v their_o border_n and_o that_o they_o can_v not_o buy_v their_o peace_n of_o ariovistus_n with_o give_v of_o hostage_n for_o their_o allegiance_n the_o trevire_v bring_v news_n of_o one_o hundred_o township_n of_o the_o suevi_n that_o be_v come_v to_o the_o river_n rhine_n to_o seek_v a_o passage_n into_o gallia_n conduct_v by_o nasua_n and_o cimberius_fw-la two_o brethren_n whereat_o caesar_n bring_v exceed_o move_v think_v his_o best_a mean_n of_o prevention_n to_o consist_v in_o celerity_n lest_o the_o difficulty_n of_o resist_v shall_v grow_v great_a when_o those_o new_a force_n of_o the_o suevi_n be_v join_v with_o the_o power_n which_o be_v already_o with_o ariovistus_n and_o therefore_o have_v provide_v corn_n he_o make_v haste_n to_o seek_v the_o german_n and_o have_v go_v three_o day_n journey_n on_o his_o way_n he_o have_v intelligence_n that_o ariovistus_n with_o all_o his_o force_n be_v go_v to_o take_v in_o besanson_n the_o great_a town_n of_o the_o sequans_n and_o that_o he_o be_v three_o day_n journey_n on_o his_o way_n already_o caesar_n know_v how_o much_o it_o import_v he_o to_o prevent_v that_o disadvantage_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o town_n abound_v with_o all_o necessary_a provision_n for_o war_n and_o be_v so_o site_v that_o he_o that_o command_v it_o may_v prolong_v the_o war_n at_o his_o own_o pleasure_n be_v encircle_v with_o the_o river_n alduabis_n doux_fw-fr except_v a_o small_a space_n of_o six_o hundred_o foot_n which_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o exceed_a high_a hill_n the_o foot_n whereof_o do_v at_o each_o end_n join_v unto_o the_o river_n and_o the_o hill_n strengthen_v with_o a_o wall_n and_o so_o join_v to_o the_o town_n make_v all_o the_o have_v he_o can_v to_o take_v the_o town_n and_o there_o leave_v a_o garrison_n and_o as_o he_o rest_v there_o a_o few_o day_n to_o make_v provision_n of_o corn_n and_o other_o necessary_n the_o roman_n inquire_v of_o the_o gall_n and_o merchant_n concern_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o german_n understand_v that_o they_o be_v man_n of_o a_o huge_a stature_n of_o courage_n invincible_a and_o of_o great_a practice_n and_o experience_n in_o feat_n of_o arm_n whereof_o the_o gall_n have_v oftentimes_o make_v trial_n for_o when_o they_o encounter_v they_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o endure_v so_o much_o as_o the_o sternenesse_n of_o their_o countenance_n or_o the_o fierceness_n of_o their_o look_n the_o whole_a army_n conceive_v such_o a_o fear_n thereat_o that_o all_o man_n mind_n be_v wonderful_o appall_v this_o fear_n begin_v first_o among_o the_o tribune_n and_o commander_n of_o horse_n and_o such_o other_o as_o for_o friendship_n sake_n follow_v caesar_n from_o rome_n and_o have_v small_a or_o no_o skill_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n these_o man_n feign_v some_o one_o excuse_n and_o some_o another_o of_o very_o earnest_a business_n which_o call_v they_o home_o desire_v leave_v to_o depart_v some_o other_o who_o shame_n will_v not_o suffer_v to_o forsake_v the_o camp_n bewray_v the_o like_a passion_n in_o their_o countenance_n and_o behaviour_n for_o hide_v themselves_o in_o their_o tent_n they_o either_o bewail_v their_o destiny_n secret_o to_o themselves_o or_o otherwise_o with_o their_o acquaintance_n and_o familiar_a friend_n they_o lament_v the_o danger_n they_o be_v all_o like_a to_o fall_v into_o so_o that_o throughout_o the_o whole_a camp_n there_o be_v nothing_o but_o make_v &_o sign_v of_o testament_n and_o through_o the_o talâ—_n and_o fearfulness_n of_o these_o man_n the_o old_a soldier_n and_o centurion_n and_o such_o as_o have_v great_a experience_n in_o the_o camp_n begin_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o apprehend_v the_o terror_n wherewith_o the_o rest_n be_v amaze_v and_o those_o that_o will_v seem_v to_o be_v less_o fearful_a say_v they_o fear_v not_o the_o enemy_n but_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o way_n and_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o wood_n that_o be_v between_o they_o and_o ariovistus_n or_o otherwise_o they_o cast_v doubt_n where_o they_o may_v have_v provision_n of_o corn._n and_o many_o stick_v not_o to_o tell_v caesar_n that_o whensoever_o he_o shall_v give_v commandment_n to_o march_v forward_o or_o advance_v the_o standard_n the_o soldier_n will_v refuse_v to_o do_v it_o observation_n wherein_o for_o that_o we_o find_v a_o strange_a alteration_n no_o way_n answerable_a to_o that_o courage_n which_o a_o late-gotten_a victory_n do_v usual_o breed_v in_o noble_a spirit_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o a_o little_a to_o insist_v upon_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o accident_n and_o to_o gather_v such_o brief_a instruction_n from_o their_o weakness_n as_o may_v best_o serve_v to_o qualify_v the_o amazement_n of_o horror_n and_o mitigate_v the_o frenzy_n of_o so_o violent_a a_o passion_n and_o albeit_o my_o ignorance_n in_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n can_v promise_v any_o such_o learning_n as_o may_v discover_v the_o true_a mean_n and_o secret_a motion_n whereby_o a_o fore-conceived_n fear_n do_v trouble_v the_o sense_n and_o astonish_v the_o mind_n yet_o since_o the_o history_n offer_v it_o to_o our_o scan_n give_v i_o leave_v only_o to_o note_v the_o strangeness_n of_o the_o circumstance_n and_o rude_o to_o delineate_v the_o portraiture_n of_o a_o beast_n often_o see_v then_o well_o know_v use_v the_o unwieldy_a pile_n for_o my_o pencil_n and_o suit_v my_o speech_n to_o a_o warlike_a auditory_a i_o know_v not_o how_o it_o happen_v but_o thus_o it_o may_v happen_v that_o when_o the_o sense_n receive_v intelligence_n of_o
man_n shall_v apprehend_v the_o terror_n of_o the_o danger_n and_o few_o or_o none_o conceive_v the_o true_a mean_n to_o avoid_v it_o and_o albeit_o the_o presence_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v dear_a to_o his_o soul_n as_o the_o piety_n and_o respect_n of_o age_a parent_n the_o tender_a affection_n towards_o wife_n and_o child_n be_v sufficient_a to_o raise_v valour_n to_o the_o high_a point_n of_o resolution_n yet_o the_o motive_n be_v of_o such_o weight_n as_o will_v rather_o make_v they_o dissident_n of_o their_o own_o worth_n as_o unsufficient_a to_o maintain_v so_o great_a a_o cause_n then_o hold_v they_o in_o that_o key_n which_o true_a honour_n affect_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o terror_n and_o fear_n of_o so_o great_a a_o danger_n will_v present_v a_o great_a measure_n of_o woe_n to_o their_o mind_n than_o the_o hope_n of_o victory_n can_v afford_v they_o joy_n hence_o therefore_o grow_v the_o difference_n between_o he_o that_o seek_v to_o maintain_v that_o estate_n which_o he_o have_v in_o possession_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n and_o another_o that_o seek_v to_o increase_v his_o mean_n by_o valour_n for_o the_o former_a be_v present_v with_o the_o danger_n of_o lose_v all_o his_o estate_n which_o affright_v and_o trouble_v have_v no_o other_o reward_n propound_v unto_o he_o and_o the_o other_o look_v upon_o the_o advantage_n which_o he_o gain_v by_o overcome_v which_o much_o increase_v his_o valour_n without_o any_o loss_n or_o disadvantage_n if_o he_o chance_v to_o be_v put_v to_o the_o worst_a and_o therefore_o there_o be_v always_o great_a odds_o between_o he_o that_o have_v already_o lose_v his_o good_n and_o be_v by_o that_o mean_n become_v desperate_a have_v nothing_o further_a to_o lose_v and_o another_o that_o yet_o keep_v his_o substance_n but_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o lose_v it_o for_o fear_n will_v so_o dismay_v his_o mind_n that_o he_o will_v rather_o distrust_v his_o own_o ability_n then_o entertain_v a_o resolution_n of_o valour_n to_o prove_v this_o we_o need_v not_o seek_v other_o example_n than_o those_o imperial_a city_n in_o who_o cause_n this_o controversy_n be_v first_o move_v for_o when_o hannibal_n be_v come_v into_o italy_n and_o have_v defeat_v sempronius_n the_o consul_n at_o trebia_n the_o roman_n be_v drive_v into_o such_o a_o ecstasy_n of_o terror_n that_o they_o believe_v very_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v then_o come_v to_o assault_v the_o city_n neither_o have_v they_o any_o hope_n or_o aid_v in_o themselves_o to_o keep_v or_o defend_v the_o same_o on_o the_o other_o side_n scipio_n be_v no_o soon_o land_v in_o africa_n but_o there_o be_v such_o a_o tumult_n in_o carthage_n as_o though_o the_o city_n have_v be_v already_o take_v neither_o can_v the_o opinion_n of_o victory_n which_o hannibal_n by_o a_o conquer_a army_n in_o italy_n have_v confirm_v for_o sixteen_o year_n together_o prevail_v in_o the_o apprehension_n of_o so_o imminent_a a_o danger_n and_o then_o that_o which_o fabius_n borrow_v of_o nature_n to_o teach_v the_o roman_n that_o first_o man_n ought_v to_o defend_v their_o own_o before_o they_o seek_v other_o man_n possessiton_n be_v careful_o follow_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n for_o with_o all_o speed_n they_o send_v for_o hannibal_n out_o of_o italy_n to_o be_v their_o champion_n against_o young_a scipio_n if_o therefore_o other_o thing_n be_v correspondent_a as_o there_o be_v many_o other_o particularity_n concern_v the_o power_n and_o strength_n of_o either_o nation_n to_o be_v consider_v i_o take_v it_o much_o better_o for_o a_o prince_n to_o invade_v a_o enemy_n in_o his_o own_o country_n then_o to_o attend_v he_o at_o home_n in_o his_o own_o kingdom_n the_o four_o observation_n the_o last_o circumstance_n which_o i_o note_v in_o this_o speech_n be_v the_o trust_n which_o he_o repose_v in_o the_o ten_o legion_n be_v in_o itself_o peradventure_o as_o faulty_a as_o any_o other_o wherein_o he_o show_v great_a art_n and_o singular_a wisdom_n for_o he_o that_o have_v once_o offend_v and_o be_v both_o burden_v with_o the_o guilt_n of_o conscience_n and_o upbraid_v with_o the_o reproach_n of_o man_n can_v hardly_o be_v persuade_v that_o his_o fault_n can_v be_v purge_v with_o any_o satisfaction_n and_o although_o the_o punishment_n be_v remit_v yet_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o fact_n will_v never_o be_v blot_v out_o with_o any_o virtuous_a action_n but_o still_o remain_v to_o cast_v dishonour_n upon_o the_o offender_n and_o to_o accuse_v he_o of_o disloyalty_n and_o therefore_o it_o oftentimes_o happen_v that_o a_o error_n be_v once_o rash_o commit_v through_o despair_n of_o remission_n admit_v no_o true_a penitency_n but_o either_o draw_v on_o more_o grievous_a crime_n confirm_v that_o of_o the_o poet_n scelere_fw-la scelus_fw-la â—uendum_fw-la est_fw-la or_o maintain_v his_o error_n by_o wilful_a obstinacy_n as_o it_o be_v say_v of_o the_o lion_n that_o be_v find_v by_o hunter_n in_o a_o cave_n he_o will_v rather_o die_v in_o the_o place_n then_o quit_v it_o for_o shame_n that_o he_o be_v find_v in_o so_o base_a a_o place_n of_o refuge_n and_o therefore_o his_o property_n be_v thus_o express_v ingrediendo_fw-la caecus_fw-la exeundo_fw-la protervus_fw-la this_o do_v caesar_n wise_o prevent_v by_o clear_v the_o ten_o legion_n of_o that_o of_o which_o he_o accuse_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n which_o make_v they_o the_o more_o earnest_a to_o answer_v his_o expectation_n inasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v witness_v to_o themselves_o of_o a_o common_a error_n and_o the_o other_o legious_a envy_v at_o their_o fortune_n resolve_v to_o show_v as_o great_a alacrity_n in_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o war_n and_o to_o deserve_v more_o than_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o emperor_n have_v impute_v to_o their_o fellow_n chap._n xvii_o the_o treaty_n between_o caesar_n and_o ariovistus_n the_o seven_o day_n caesar_n as_o he_o continue_v on_o his_o march_n his_o spial_n bring_v he_o word_n that_o ariovistus_n with_o all_o his_o force_n be_v within_o twenty_o four_o mile_n of_o that_o place_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o understand_v of_o caesar_n come_n send_v ambassador_n unto_o he_o declare_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v come_v somewhat_o near_o and_o that_o he_o may_v do_v it_o without_o danger_n he_o be_v content_a to_o admit_v of_o a_o parley_n caesar_n refuse_v not_o the_o offer_n think_v now_o to_o find_v he_o reasonable_a in_o that_o he_o offer_v of_o his_o own_o accord_n what_o he_o have_v former_o deny_v at_o caesar_n request_n and_o thereby_o be_v in_o good_a hope_n that_o understanding_n what_o be_v require_v he_o will_v in_o the_o end_n consider_v of_o the_o many_o favour_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o desist_v from_o such_o wilful_a course_n the_o five_o day_n follow_v be_v appoint_v for_o the_o treaty_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o pass_v often_o message_n reciprocal_o between_o they_o ariovistus_n require_v that_o caesar_n will_v not_o bring_v any_o footman_n to_o the_o parley_n for_o that_o he_o fear_v to_o be_v circumvent_v by_o treachery_n and_o therefore_o think_v fit_a that_o either_o party_n shall_v come_v only_o with_o their_o cavalry_n otherwise_o he_o will_v not_o give_v meeting_n caesar_n not_o willing_a to_o put_v off_o the_o treaty_n for_o any_o such_o cause_n nor_o yet_o dare_v to_o put_v himself_o in_o trust_n to_o the_o french_a horse_n think_v it_o most_o convenient_a to_o leave_v the_o french_a rider_n behind_o he_o and_o to_o set_v the_o soldier_n of_o the_o ten_o legion_n who_o he_o best_o trust_v upon_o their_o horse_n that_o if_o he_o stand_v in_o need_n he_o may_v have_v a_o faithful_a guard_n of_o his_o friend_n about_o he_o whereupon_o one_o of_o the_o soldier_n say_v pretty_o that_o caesar_n have_v do_v more_o for_o they_o then_o he_o have_v promise_v for_o he_o have_v say_v before_o he_o will_v make_v the_o ten_o legion_n as_o a_o guard_n to_o his_o person_n and_o now_o he_o have_v enrol_v they_o all_o for_o horseman_n there_o be_v a_o great_a and_o open_a plain_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o a_o rise_a mount_n which_o be_v almost_o in_o the_o mid_a way_n between_o both_o the_o camp_n and_o thither_o according_a to_o the_o agreement_n they_o come_v to_o parley_v the_o legion_n which_o caesar_n have_v bring_v with_o he_o on_o horseback_n he_o place_v two_o hundred_o pace_n from_o the_o say_a mount_n and_o likewise_o the_o horseman_n of_o ariovistus_n stand_v in_o the_o same_o distance_n ariovistus_n request_v they_o may_v talk_v on_o horseback_n and_o bring_v each_o of_o they_o ten_o person_n to_o the_o conference_n at_o their_o meeting_n caesar_n begin_v his_o speech_n with_o a_o commemoration_n of_o the_o favour_n and_o benefit_n the_o senate_n have_v do_v unto_o he_o in_o that_o he_o be_v by_o their_o authority_n entitle_v by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n and_o a_o friend_n and_o thereupon_o
have_v receive_v great_a gift_n which_o favour_n fall_v but_o unto_o a_o few_o and_o be_v by_o the_o roman_n give_v only_o to_o man_n of_o great_a desert_n whereas_o he_o without_o any_o occasion_n of_o access_n unto_o they_o or_o other_o just_a cause_n on_o his_o behalf_n have_v obtain_v those_o honour_n through_o his_o courtesy_n and_o the_o bounty_n of_o the_o senate_n he_o show_v he_o further_o what_o ancient_a and_o reasonable_a cause_n of_o amity_n tie_v they_o so_o firm_a to_o the_o heduan_o what_o decree_n and_o order_n of_o senate_n have_v oftentimes_o be_v make_v in_o their_o favour_n and_o behoof_n that_o from_o all_o antiquity_n the_o heduanâ—_n have_v hold_v the_o principality_n of_o gallia_n and_o that_o long_o before_o they_o be_v in_o amity_n with_o the_o roman_n the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v always_o this_o 〈…〉_z not_o only_o to_o endeavour_v that_o their_o ally_n and_o confederate_n shall_v not_o lose_v any_o thing_n of_o their_o proper_a but_o also_o that_o they_o may_v increase_v in_o dignity_n and_o reputation_n and_o therefore_o who_o can_v endure_v to_o see_v that_o force_v from_o they_o which_o they_o quiet_o possess_v when_o they_o enter_v league_n with_o the_o roman_n in_o like_a manner_n he_o require_v the_o performance_n of_o such_o thing_n which_o he_o have_v former_o give_v in_o charge_n to_o his_o ambassador_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o make_v war_n either_o upon_o the_o heduan_o or_o their_o associate_n that_o he_o shall_v restore_v their_o hostage_n and_o if_o he_o can_v not_o return_v any_o part_n of_o the_o german_n back_o again_o over_o the_o rhine_n yet_o he_o shall_v forbear_v to_o bring_v any_o more_o into_o that_o country_n ariovistus_n make_v little_a answer_n to_o caesar_n demand_n but_o speak_v much_o of_o his_o own_o virtue_n and_o valour_n that_o he_o be_v come_v over_o the_o rhine_n not_o out_o of_o his_o own_o desire_n but_o at_o the_o mediation_n and_o entreaty_n of_o the_o gall_n that_o he_o have_v not_o leave_v his_o house_n and_o kindred_n but_o with_o great_a hope_n of_o high_a reward_n the_o possession_n he_o have_v in_o gallia_n be_v give_v he_o by_o themselves_o their_o hostage_n be_v voluntary_o deliver_v unto_o he_o he_o take_v tribute_n by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n which_o be_v such_o as_o conqueror_n may_v lay_v upon_o the_o vanquish_a he_o make_v no_o war_n upon_o the_o gall_n but_o the_o gall_n make_v war_n upon_o he_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n come_v to_o fight_v against_o he_o and_o have_v put_v themselves_o into_o the_o field_n who_o force_n be_v in_o one_o battle_n all_o disperse_a and_o overthrow_v if_o they_o be_v desirous_a to_o make_v another_o trial_n he_o be_v ready_a to_o undertake_v they_o but_o if_o they_o will_v have_v peace_n it_o be_v a_o injury_n to_o retract_v that_o tribute_n which_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n they_o have_v pay_v until_o that_o time_n he_o expect_v that_o the_o amity_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n shall_v be_v rather_o a_o honour_n and_o a_o safety_n than_o a_o loss_n unto_o he_o and_o that_o he_o have_v seek_v it_o to_o that_o end_n but_o if_o by_o their_o mean_n the_o tribute_n due_a unto_o he_o shall_v be_v retract_v he_o will_v as_o willing_o refuse_v their_o friendship_n as_o he_o have_v desire_v it_o in_o that_o he_o have_v bring_v so_o many_o german_n into_o gallia_n it_o be_v rather_o for_o his_o own_o defence_n then_o of_o any_o purpose_n to_o subdue_v the_o country_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o that_o he_o have_v not_o come_v thither_o but_o upon_o entreaty_n and_o set_v no_o war_n on_o foot_n but_o for_o his_o own_o defence_n he_o be_v seat_v in_o gallia_n before_o the_o roman_n come_v thither_o neither_o have_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n before_o that_o time_n carry_v their_o army_n beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o their_o province_n and_o therefore_o he_o know_v not_o what_o he_o mean_v to_o intrude_v himself_o into_o his_o possession_n this_o be_v his_o province_n of_o gallia_n as_o that_o be_v we_o and_o as_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o he_o to_o command_v in_o our_o quarter_n so_o it_o be_v not_o fit_v that_o they_o shall_v disturb_v his_o government_n in_o that_o he_o allege_v the_o heduan_o be_v by_o decree_n of_o senate_n adopt_v into_o the_o amity_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n he_o be_v not_o so_o barbarous_a or_o unacquainted_a with_o the_o course_n of_o thing_n as_o to_o be_v ignorant_a that_o in_o the_o last_o war_n of_o the_o allobroges_n they_o be_v aid_v and_o assist_v to_o the_o roman_n and_o in_o the_o quarrel_n the_o heduan_o have_v with_o the_o sequans_n the_o roman_n be_v in_o like_a manner_n assist_v unto_o they_o whereupon_o he_o have_v good_a occasion_n to_o suspect_v that_o caesar_n under_o pretence_n of_o league_n and_o amity_n keep_v his_o army_n in_o gallia_n for_o his_o ruin_n and_o destruction_n and_o that_o if_o he_o do_v not_o depart_v and_o withdraw_v his_o army_n out_o of_o those_o country_n he_o will_v no_o long_o take_v he_o for_o a_o friend_n but_o for_o a_o enemy_n and_o if_o his_o fortune_n be_v to_o stay_v he_o he_o shall_v perform_v a_o very_a acceptable_a service_n to_o many_o noble_a and_o chief_a man_n of_o rome_n as_o he_o have_v well_o understand_v by_o letter_n and_o messenger_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o they_o who_o favour_n and_o amity_n he_o shall_v purchase_v by_o take_v away_o his_o life_n but_o if_o he_o will_v depart_v and_o leave_v he_o the_o free_a possession_n of_o gallia_n he_o will_v gratify_v he_o with_o great_a reward_n and_o what_o war_n soever_o he_o desire_v to_o be_v undertake_v shall_v be_v go_v through_o withal_o without_o his_o peril_n or_o charge_n many_o thing_n be_v speak_v by_o caâ—sar_n to_o show_v why_o he_o can_v not_o desist_v from_o that_o course_n for_o neither_o be_v it_o his_o use_n nor_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n to_o forsake_v their_o well-deserving_a associate_n neither_o can_v he_o think_v that_o gallia_n do_v rather_o belong_v to_o ariovistus_n then_o the_o roman_n the_o arveâ—s_n and_o rutenes_n be_v in_o due_a course_n of_o war_n subdue_v by_o q._n fabius_n maximus_n who_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v pardon_v and_o not_o reduce_v to_o a_o province_n or_o make_v they_o stipendiaries_n and_o if_o antiquity_n be_v look_v into_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v good_a claim_n to_o that_o country_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o intention_n and_o will_n of_o the_o senate_n be_v they_o shall_v remain_v a_o free_a people_n they_o be_v suffer_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o their_o own_o law_n and_o leave_v unto_o themselves_o notwithstanding_o any_o former_a conquest_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n whilst_o these_o thing_n be_v treat_v of_o in_o parley_n it_o be_v tell_v caesar_n that_o ariovistus_n horseman_n do_v approach_v near_o to_o the_o mount_n and_o that_o accost_v our_o man_n they_o assault_v they_o with_o stone_n and_o other_o weapon_n whereupon_o he_o break_v off_o and_o betake_v himself_o to_o his_o party_n command_v they_o not_o to_o cast_v a_o weapon_n at_o the_o enemy_n for_o albeit_o he_o well_o perceive_v he_o may_v without_o peril_n of_o that_o elect_a legion_n give_v battle_n to_o his_o cavalry_n yet_o he_o think_v sit_v to_o refrain_v lest_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v he_o have_v entrap_v they_o with_o a_o parley_n contrary_a to_o faith_n make_v and_o agreement_n after_o it_o be_v report_v among_o the_o vulgar_a soldier_n how_o arrogant_o ariovistus_n have_v carry_v himself_o in_o the_o treaty_n forbid_v the_o roman_n to_o frequent_v any_o part_n of_o gallia_n and_o that_o their_o cavalry_n have_v assault_v our_o man_n and_o that_o thereupon_o the_o parley_n break_v off_o the_o army_n be_v possess_v with_o a_o great_a alacrity_n and_o desire_n to_o fight_v then_o before_o two_o day_n after_o ariovistus_n send_v messenger_n to_o caesar_n signify_v that_o he_o desire_v to_o treat_v with_o he_o concern_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v leave_v unperfect_a and_o thereupon_o will_v he_o to_o appoint_v another_o day_n of_o meeting_n or_o if_o he_o like_v not_o that_o to_o send_v some_o unto_o he_o with_o authority_n to_o conclude_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v find_v expedient_a caesar_n be_v unwilling_a to_o give_v any_o further_a meeting_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o day_n before_o the_o german_n can_v not_o be_v restrain_v from_o violence_n and_o force_n of_o arm_n neither_o do_v he_o think_v he_o may_v safe_o expose_v the_o person_n of_o any_o of_o his_o follower_n to_o the_o inhumanity_n of_o such_o barbarous_a people_n and_o therefore_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o send_v unto_o he_o m._n valerius_n procillus_n the_o son_n of_o c._n valerius_n caburius_n ae_z virtuous_a young_a man_n and_o well_o breed_v who_o father_n be_v make_v free_a of_o rome_n by_o c._n valer._n flaccus_n which_o he_o
to_o make_v it_o more_o plain_a of_o many_o example_n i_o will_v only_o allege_v two_o the_o one_o out_o of_o livy_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o roman_a horseman_n be_v not_o comparable_a for_o service_n to_o footman_n africano_n the_o other_o out_o of_o hirtius_n to_o show_v the_o same_o effect_n against_o stranger_n &_o numidian_a horseman_n in_o the_o consulship_n of_o l._n valerius_n and_o marcus_n horatius_n valerius_n have_v fortunate_o overthrow_v the_o equi_fw-la and_o the_o volsci_n horatius_n proceed_v with_o as_o great_a courage_n in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o sabine_n wherein_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o battle_n the_o sabine_n reserve_v two_o thousand_o of_o their_o man_n to_o give_v a_o fresh_a assault_n upon_o the_o left_a cornet_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o they_o be_v in_o conflict_n which_o take_v such_o effect_n that_o the_o legionary_a footman_n of_o that_o cornet_n be_v force_v to_o retreat_n which_o the_o roman_a horseman_n be_v in_o number_n six_o hundred_o perceive_v and_o not_o be_v able_a with_o their_o horse_n to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n they_o present_o forsake_v their_o horse_n and_o make_v haste_n to_o make_v good_a the_o place_n on_o foot_n wherein_o they_o carry_v themselves_o so_o valiant_o that_o in_o a_o moment_n of_o time_n they_o give_v the_o like_a advantage_n to_o their_o footman_n against_o the_o sabine_n and_o then_o betake_v themselves_o again_o to_o their_o horse_n to_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n in_o chase_n as_o they_o flee_v for_o the_o second_o point_n the_o numidian_n as_o caesar_n witness_v be_v the_o best_a horseman_n that_o ever_o he_o meet_v with_o and_o use_v the_o same_o art_n as_o the_o german_n do_v mingle_v among_o they_o light-armed_n footman_n and_o ambuscado_n of_o these_o numidian_n charge_v the_o legion_n upon_o a_o sudden_a the_o history_n say_v that_o primo_fw-la impetu_fw-la legionis_fw-la equitatus_fw-la &_o levis_fw-la armatura_fw-la hostium_fw-la nullo_n negotio_fw-la loco_fw-la pulsa_fw-la &_o dejecta_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-fr coll_n and_o as_o they_o sometime_o retire_v and_o sometime_o charge_v upon_o the_o rearward_n of_o the_o army_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o numidian_a fight_n the_o history_n say_v caesariani_n interim_n non_fw-la amplius_fw-la tres_fw-la ant_n quatuor_fw-la milites_fw-la veterani_fw-la si_fw-la se_fw-la convertissent_fw-la &_o pila_fw-la viribus_fw-la contortain_v numidas_n infestos_fw-la conâ—ecissent_fw-la amplius_fw-la duorum_fw-la millium_fw-la ad_fw-la unum_fw-la terga_fw-la vertebant_fw-la so_o that_o to_o free_v himself_o of_o this_o inconvenience_n he_o take_v his_o horseman_n out_o of_o the_o rearward_n and_o place_v his_o legion_n there_o ita_fw-la vim_o hostium_fw-la per_fw-la legionarium_fw-la militem_fw-la commodius_fw-la sustinebat_fw-la and_o ever_o as_o he_o march_v he_o cause_v three_o hundred_o soldier_n of_o every_o legion_n to_o be_v free_a and_o without_o burden_n that_o they_o may_v be_v ready_a upon_o all_o occasion_n quos_fw-la in_o equitatum_fw-la labieâ—_n immisit_fw-la tum_o labienus_n conversis_fw-la equis_fw-la signorum_fw-la conspectu_fw-la perterritus_fw-la turpissime_fw-la contendit_fw-la fugere_fw-la multis_fw-la ejus_fw-la occisis_fw-la compluribus_fw-la vulneratis_fw-la milites_fw-la legionarii_fw-la ad_fw-la sua_fw-la se_fw-la recipiunt_fw-la signa_fw-la atque_fw-la iter_fw-la inceptum_fw-la ire_n coeperunt_fw-la i_o allege_v the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o history_n to_o take_v away_o all_o suspicion_n of_o falsify_v or_o wrest_v any_o thing_n to_o a_o affect_a opinion_n if_o any_o man_n will_v look_v into_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o disparity_n he_o shall_v find_v it_o to_o be_v chief_o the_o work_n of_o the_o roman_a pile_n a_o unresistable_a weapon_n and_o the_o terror_n of_o horseman_n especial_o when_o they_o be_v cast_v with_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n and_o fall_v so_o thick_a that_o there_o be_v no_o mean_n to_o avoid_v they_o but_o to_o make_v it_o plain_a that_o any_o light-armed_n footman_n can_v better_a make_v head_n against_o a_o troup_n of_o horse_n than_o the_o cavalry_n of_o their_o own_o party_n although_o they_o bear_v but_o the_o same_o weapon_n let_v we_o consider_v how_o nimble_a and_o ready_a they_o be_v that_o fight_v on_o foot_n either_o to_o take_v a_o advantage_n or_o to_o shun_v and_o avoid_v any_o danger_n cast_v their_o dart_n with_o far_o great_a strength_n and_o more_o certainty_n than_o the_o horseman_n can_v do_v for_o as_o the_o force_n of_o all_o the_o engine_n of_o old_a time_n as_o the_o balistae_fw-la catapultae_n and_o tolenones_n proceed_v from_o that_o stability_n and_o rest_a centre_n which_o nature_n afford_v as_o the_o only_a strength_n and_o life_n of_o the_o engine_n so_o what_o force_n soever_o a_o man_n make_v must_v principal_o proceed_v from_o that_o firmness_n and_o stay_v which_o nature_n by_o the_o earth_n or_o some_o other_o unmoveable_a rest_n give_v to_o the_o body_n from_o whence_o it_o take_v more_o or_o less_o strength_n according_a to_o the_o violence_n which_o it_o perform_v as_o he_o that_o lift_v up_o a_o weight_n from_o the_o ground_n by_o so_o much_o tread_v heavy_a upon_o the_o earth_n by_o how_o much_o the_o thing_n be_v heavy_a than_o his_o body_n the_o footman_n therefore_o have_v a_o sure_a stay_n to_o counterpoise_v their_o force_a motion_n then_o the_o horseman_n have_v cast_v their_o dart_n with_o great_a violence_n and_o consequent_o with_o more_o certainty_n chap._n xviii_o caesar_n prevent_v ariovistus_n of_o his_o purpose_n by_o make_v two_o camp_n when_o caesar_n perceive_v that_o ariovistus_n mean_v nothing_o less_o than_o to_o fight_v caesar_n but_o keep_v himself_o within_o his_o camp_n lest_o peradventure_o he_o shall_v intercept_v the_o sequans_n and_o other_o of_o his_o associate_n as_o they_o come_v with_o convoy_n of_o corn_n to_o the_o roman_n beyond_o that_o place_n wherein_o the_o german_n abode_n about_o six_o hundred_o pace_n from_o their_o camp_n he_o choose_v a_o ground_n meet_v to_o incamp_v in_o and_o march_v thither_o in_o three_o battle_n command_v two_o of_o they_o to_o stand_v ready_a in_o arm_n and_o the_o three_o to_o fortify_v the_o camp_n ariovistus_n send_v sixteen_o thousand_o foot_n and_o all_o his_o horse_n to_o interrupt_v the_o soldier_n and_o hinder_v the_o entrenchment_n notwithstanding_o caesar_n as_o he_o have_v before_o determine_v cause_v two_o battle_n to_o withstand_v the_o enemy_n and_o the_o three_o to_o go_v through_o with_o the_o work_n which_o be_v end_v he_o leave_v there_o two_o legion_n and_o part_n of_o the_o associate_n force_n and_o lead_v the_o other_o four_o legion_n back_o again_o into_o the_o great_a camp_n the_o next_o day_n caesar_n according_a to_o his_o custom_n bring_v his_o whole_a power_n out_o of_o both_o his_o camp_n &_o march_v a_o little_a from_o the_o great_a camp_n he_o put_v his_o man_n in_o array_n and_o proffer_a battle_n to_o the_o enemy_n but_o perceive_v that_o ariovistus_n will_v not_o stir_v out_o of_o his_o trench_n about_o noon_n he_o convey_v his_o army_n into_o their_o several_a camp_n then_o at_o length_n ariovistus_n send_v part_n of_o his_o force_n to_o assault_v the_o lesser_a camp_n the_o encounter_n continue_v very_o sharp_a on_o both_o part_n until_o the_o evening_n and_o at_o sunset_n after_o many_o wound_n give_v and_o take_v ariovistus_n convey_v his_o army_n again_o into_o their_o camp_n and_o as_o caesar_n make_v inquiry_n of_o the_o captive_n what_o the_o reason_n be_v that_o ariovistus_n refuse_v battle_n he_o find_v this_o to_o be_v the_o cause_n the_o german_n have_v a_o custom_n that_o the_o woman_n shall_v by_o cast_v of_o lot_n and_o southsay_a declare_v whether_o it_o be_v for_o their_o behoof_n to_o fight_v or_o no_o and_o that_o they_o find_v by_o their_o art_n the_o german_n can_v not_o get_v the_o victory_n if_o they_o fight_v before_o the_o new_a moon_n the_o first_o observation_n first_o we_o may_v observe_v what_o especial_a importance_n this_o manner_n of_o encamp_v carry_v in_o that_o absolute_a discipline_n which_o the_o roman_n observe_v and_o by_o which_o they_o conquer_v so_o many_o nation_n for_o beside_o the_o safety_n which_o it_o afford_v their_o own_o troop_n it_o serve_v for_o a_o hold_v well-fenced_n and_o man_v or_o as_o it_o be_v a_o strong_a fortify_v town_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o field_n where_o they_o see_v advantage_n and_o as_o oft_o as_o they_o think_v it_o expedient_a either_o to_o fortify_v themselves_o or_o impeach_v the_o enemy_n by_o cut_v off_o his_o passage_n hinder_v his_o attempt_n block_v up_o his_o camp_n beside_o many_o other_o advantage_n all_o aver_v the_o say_n of_o domitius_n corbulo_n dolabra_fw-la vincendum_fw-la esse_fw-la hostem_fw-la a_o thing_n long_a time_n neglect_v but_o of_o late_a happy_o renew_v by_o the_o commander_n of_o such_o force_n as_o serve_v the_o state_n in_o the_o unite_a province_n of_o belgia_n who_o time_n and_o practice_v of_o the_o war_n have_v teach_v to_o entertain_v the_o use_n of_o the_o spade_n and_o
for_o the_o bad_a beginning_n be_v not_o the_o beginning_n of_o a_o good_a but_o of_o a_o evil_a end_n and_o therefore_o that_o his_o man_n may_v foresee_v a_o happy_a end_n in_o a_o good_a beginning_n it_o behove_v he_o with_o the_o best_a of_o his_o army_n to_o assault_v the_o weak_a part_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o last_o form_n be_v call_v gibbosa_n or_o gibbera_fw-la acies_fw-la when_o the_o battle_n be_v advance_v and_o the_o two_o cornet_n lag_v behind_o this_o form_n do_v hannibal_n use_v in_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n but_o with_o this_o art_n that_o he_o strengthen_v his_o two_o cornet_n with_o the_o best_a of_o his_o soldier_n and_o place_v his_o weak_a in_o the_o midst_n that_o the_o roman_n follow_v the_o retreat_n of_o the_o battle_n which_o be_v easy_o repelld_v may_v be_v enclose_v on_o each_o side_n with_o the_o two_o cornet_n chap._n xx._n the_o battle_n between_o caesar_n and_o ariovistus_n the_o sign_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v thereupon_o give_v caesar_n our_o man_n charge_v upon_o the_o enemy_n very_o fierce_o and_o they_o on_o the_o otherside_n return_v so_o speedy_a a_o counterbuff_n that_o the_o legion_n have_v no_o time_n to_o cast_v their_o pile_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n make_v haste_n to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o sword_n but_o the_o german_n according_a to_o their_o manner_n put_v themselves_o into_o a_o phalanx_n receive_v the_o force_n of_o their_o sword_n in_o the_o battle_n there_o be_v many_o legionary_a soldier_n see_v to_o leap_v upon_o the_o phalanx_n and_o to_o pull_v up_o with_o their_o hand_n the_o target_n that_o cover_v it_o and_o so_o to_o wound_v and_o kill_v those_o that_o be_v underneath_o and_o so_o the_o left_a cornet_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v overthrow_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n now_o while_o the_o right_a cornet_n be_v thus_o busy_v the_o left_a cornet_n be_v overcharge_v with_o a_o unequal_a multitude_n of_o the_o german_n which_o young_a crassus_n the_o general_n of_o the_o horse_n no_o soon_o perceive_v have_v more_o scope_n and_o liberty_n than_o any_o of_o the_o commander_n that_o be_v in_o the_o battle_n but_o he_o send_v tertiam_fw-la aciem_fw-la the_o three_o battle_n to_o rescue_v and_o aid_v their_o fellow_n that_o be_v in_o danger_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o fight_n be_v renew_v and_o all_o the_o enemy_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o never_o look_v back_o until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o rhine_n which_o be_v about_o fifty_o mile_n from_o the_o place_n where_o they_o fight_v where_o some_o few_o of_o they_o save_v themselves_o by_o swim_v other_o find_v some_o boat_n and_o so_o escape_v ariovistus_n light_v upon_o a_o little_a bark_n tie_v to_o the_o shore_n recover_v the_o other_o side_n and_o so_o save_v himself_o the_o rest_n be_v all_o slay_v by_o the_o horseman_n ariovistus_n have_v two_o wife_n one_o a_o swevian_n who_o he_o bring_v with_o he_o from_o home_n and_o the_o other_o of_o norica_n the_o sister_n of_o king_n votion_n send_v unto_o he_o by_o her_o brother_n into_o gallia_n and_o marry_v there_o both_o these_o perish_v in_o that_o fight_n his_o two_o daughter_n likewise_o be_v there_o one_o be_v slay_v and_o the_o other_o take_v as_o caesar_n pursue_v the_o german_a horseman_n it_o be_v his_o chance_n to_o light_v upon_o valerius_n procillus_n as_o he_o be_v draw_v up_o and_o down_o by_o his_o keeper_n bind_v in_o three_o chain_n which_o accident_n be_v as_o grateful_a to_o he_o as_o the_o victory_n itself_o be_v so_o fortunate_a to_o recover_v his_o familiar_a friend_n and_o a_o man_n of_o sort_n in_o the_o province_n who_o the_o barbarous_a enemy_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n have_v cast_v into_o prison_n neither_o will_v fortune_n by_o the_o loss_n of_o he_o abate_v any_o thing_n of_o so_o great_a pleasure_n and_o contentment_n for_o he_o report_v that_o in_o his_o own_o presence_n they_o have_v three_o several_a time_n cast_v lot_n whether_o he_o shall_v be_v burn_v alive_a and_o that_o still_o he_o escape_v by_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o lot_n and_o m._n titius_n be_v find_v in_o like_a manner_n and_o bring_v unto_o he_o the_o same_o of_o this_o battle_n be_v carry_v beyond_o the_o rhine_n the_o swevian_o that_o be_v come_v to_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o rhine_n return_v home_o again_o who_o the_o inhabitant_n near_o upon_o that_o river_n pursue_v find_v they_o terrify_v and_o distract_v and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o caesar_n have_v thus_o end_v two_o great_a war_n in_o one_o summer_n bring_v his_o army_n into_o their_o winter_v camp_n somewhat_o soon_o than_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n require_v and_o leave_v labienus_n to_o command_v they_o himself_o return_v into_o the_o hither_o gallia_n to_o keep_v court_n and_o public_a diet_n the_o first_o observation_n this_o phalanx_n here_o mention_v can_v hardly_o be_v prove_v to_o be_v the_o right_a macedonian_a phalanx_n but_o we_o be_v rather_o to_o understand_v it_o to_o be_v so_o term_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o close_a and_o compact_a imbattel_v rather_o than_o in_o any_o other_o respect_n and_o it_o resemble_v much_o a_o testudo_fw-la as_o i_o say_v of_o the_o helvetian_a phalanx_n second_o i_o observe_v that_o caesar_n keep_v the_o old_a rule_n concern_v their_o discipline_n in_o fight_n for_o although_o the_o name_n of_o triaries_n be_v not_o mention_v in_o his_o history_n yet_o he_o omit_v not_o the_o substance_n which_o be_v to_o have_v primam_fw-la secundam_fw-la &_o tertiam_fw-la aciem_fw-la and_o that_o prima_fw-la acies_fw-la shall_v begin_v the_o battle_n and_o the_o second_o shall_v come_v fresh_a and_o assist_v they_o or_o peradventure_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v many_o and_o strong_a the_o first_o and_o second_o battle_n be_v join_v together_o and_o so_o charge_v upon_o the_o enemy_n with_o great_a fury_n and_o violence_n but_o at_o all_o adventure_n the_o three_o battle_n be_v ever_o in_o subsidio_fw-la as_o they_o term_v it_o to_o succour_v any_o part_n that_o shall_v be_v overcharge_v which_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o much_o consequence_n and_o of_o great_a wisdom_n for_o if_o we_o either_o respect_v the_o encouragement_n of_o the_o soldier_n or_o the_o casualty_n of_o fortune_n what_o can_v be_v more_o add_v to_o their_o discipline_n in_o this_o behalf_n then_o to_o have_v a_o second_o and_o a_o three_o succour_n to_o give_v strength_n to_o the_o faint_a weakness_n of_o their_o man_n and_o to_o repair_v the_o disadvantage_n which_o any_o accident_n shall_v cast_v upon_o they_o or_o if_o their_o valour_n be_v equal_o balance_v and_o victory_n stand_v doubtful_a which_o of_o the_o two_o party_n she_o shall_v honour_v these_o always_o step_v in_o be_v fresh_a against_o weary_a and_o over-laboured_n spirit_n and_o so_o draw_v victory_n in_o despite_n of_o casualty_n unto_o themselves_o the_o second_o observation_n concern_v use_n of_o lot_n lot_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o look_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o they_o be_v in_o former_a time_n so_o general_a that_o there_o be_v no_o nation_n civil_a or_o barbarous_a but_o be_v direct_v in_o their_o great_a affair_n by_o the_o sentence_n of_o lot_n as_o we_o may_v not_o refuse_v for_o a_o undoubted_a truth_n that_o which_o solomon_n say_v in_o the_o sixteen_o of_o proverb_n the_o lot_n be_v cast_v into_o the_o lap_n but_o the_o direction_n thereof_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n through_o the_o knowledge_n whereof_o josua_n be_v direct_v to_o take_v achan_n the_o mariner_n ionas_n and_o the_o apostle_n to_o consecrate_v mathias_n so_o whether_o the_o heathen_a and_o barbarous_a people_n who_o blindness_n in_o the_o way_n of_o truth_n can_v direct_v they_o no_o further_o then_o to_o senseless_a superstition_n and_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o a_o duty_n which_o they_o owe_v but_o can_v not_o tell_v they_o what_o it_o be_v nor_o how_o to_o be_v perform_v whether_o these_o i_o say_v be_v persuade_v that_o there_o be_v any_o supernatural_a power_n in_o their_o lottery_n which_o direct_v the_o action_n to_o the_o decree_n of_o destiny_n and_o as_o the_o god_n will_v have_v it_o it_o remain_v doubtful_a aristotle_n the_o wise_a of_o the_o heathen_a concern_v thing_n natural_a name_v that_o event_n casual_a or_o proceed_v from_o fortune_n of_o which_o the_o reason_n of_o man_n can_v assign_v no_o cause_n or_o as_o he_o say_v which_o have_v no_o cause_n so_o that_o whatsoever_o happen_v in_o any_o action_n beside_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o agent_n and_o workman_n be_v term_v a_o effect_n of_o fortune_n or_o chance_n of_o hab-nab_n for_o all_o other_o effect_n which_o depend_v upon_o a_o certainty_n and_o definite_a cause_n be_v necessary_o produce_v and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v casual_a or_o subject_n to_o the_o inconstancy_n of_o chance_n and_o because_o many_o and_o sundry_a such_o chance_n daily_o happen_v which_o like_o terrae_fw-la silij_fw-la
government_n last_o such_o as_o see_v that_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n for_o those_o man_n that_o be_v powerful_a and_o have_v the_o command_n of_o money_n to_o seize_v upon_o kingdom_n in_o gallia_n which_o they_o can_v not_o so_o easy_o do_v in_o those_o part_n where_o the_o roman_n bare_a sway_n caesar_n be_v move_v with_o letter_n and_o other_o intelligence_n to_o this_o purpose_n levy_v two_o new_a legion_n in_o the_o hither_o gallia_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o summer_n come_v on_o send_v they_o by_o q._n pedius_n his_o legate_n into_o the_o further_a gallia_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o there_o be_v forage_v in_o the_o field_n he_o himself_o come_v to_o the_o army_n he_o have_v before_o give_v charge_n to_o the_o senones_n and_o other_o of_o the_o gall_n that_o border_v upon_o the_o belgâ—e_n to_o learn_v every_o day_n what_o they_o can_v of_o their_o do_n &_o to_o give_v he_o a_o account_n thereof_o these_o present_o inform_v he_o that_o of_o a_o certainty_n there_o be_v nothing_o in_o belgia_n but_o muster_v of_o soldier_n and_o gather_v their_o force_n into_o one_o head_n he_o think_v it_o not_o therefore_o safe_a to_o make_v any_o further_a delay_n but_o have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n he_o draw_v out_o his_o army_n from_o their_o winter_v camp_n and_o within_o fifteen_o day_n he_o come_v to_o the_o border_n of_o the_o belgae_n assoon_o as_o he_o be_v come_v thither_o which_o be_v much_o soon_o then_o be_v look_v for_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n be_v the_o uttermost_a of_o the_o belgae_n next_o adjoin_v to_o the_o celtae_n think_v it_o best_a to_o entertain_v a_o peaceable_a resolution_n and_o send_v iccius_n and_o antebrogius_fw-la two_o of_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o their_o state_n unto_o caesar_n to_o submit_v themselves_o and_o all_o that_o they_o have_v to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n affirm_v that_o they_o be_v innocent_a both_o of_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o belgae_n and_o of_o their_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o roman_n for_o proof_n whereof_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o give_v hostage_n to_o receive_v they_o into_o their_o town_n and_o to_o furnish_v they_o with_o corn_n or_o what_o other_o thing_n they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o belgae_n be_v all_o in_o arm_n and_o the_o german_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o rhine_n have_v promise_v to_o send_v they_o succour_v yea_o their_o madness_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o themselves_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v back_o the_o suessone_n from_o that_o attempt_n be_v their_o brethren_n and_o kinsman_n in_o blood_n and_o use_v the_o same_o law_n and_o custom_n as_o they_o do_v have_v both_o one_o magistrate_n and_o one_o form_n of_o government_n but_o they_o will_v needs_o support_v the_o same_o quarrel_n which_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o belgae_n have_v undertake_v observation_n i_o may_v here_o take_v occasion_n to_o speak_v somewhat_o of_o a_o particular_a revolt_n in_o a_o general_a cause_n and_o how_o a_o confederate_a state_n may_v in_o regard_n of_o their_o own_o safety_n forsake_v a_o common_a quarrel_n or_o whatsoever_o the_o universal_a society_n have_v enact_v prejuciall_a to_o their_o common_a weal_n but_o that_o i_o only_o intend_v to_o discover_v warlike_a practice_n leave_v these_o question_n of_o law_n and_o policy_n to_o man_n of_o great_a judgement_n and_o better_a experience_n only_a i_o observe_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o roman_a government_n that_o such_o city_n as_o yield_v to_o the_o empire_n and_o become_v tributary_n to_o their_o treasury_n howsoever_o they_o be_v otherwise_o combine_v by_o confederacy_n seldom_o or_o never_o repent_v they_o of_o their_o fact_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o noble_a patronage_n which_o they_o find_v in_o that_o state_n and_o of_o the_o due_a respect_n observe_v towards_o they_o chap._n ii_o the_o power_n of_o the_o belgae_n and_o their_o preparation_n for_o this_o war_n caesar_n inquire_v of_o the_o ambassador_n which_o come_v from_o rheims_n what_o the_o state_n be_v that_o have_v take_v arm_n caesar_n and_o what_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v in_o matter_n of_o war_n find_v the_o belgae_n to_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o german_n who_o pass_v over_o the_o rhine_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o find_v it_o to_o be_v a_o fertile_a country_n drive_v away_o the_o gall_n and_o seat_v themselves_o in_o their_o possession_n and_o that_o these_o only_a of_o all_o the_o gall_n keep_v the_o cimbti_n and_o teutoni_fw-la from_o enter_v into_o their_o country_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n they_o challenge_v to_o themselves_o great_a authority_n and_o vaunt_v much_o in_o their_o feat_n of_o arm_n concern_v their_o number_n they_o have_v these_o advertisement_n the_o bâ—auvois_n bollovaci_n exceed_v all_o the_o belgae_n in_o prowess_n authority_n and_o number_n of_o man_n be_v able_a to_o make_v 100000_o fight_a man_n and_o out_o of_o that_o number_n have_v promise_v 60000_o towards_o this_o undertake_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n they_o demand_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o whole_a war_n next_o to_o they_o lay_v the_o soâ—ssons_n suessone_n who_o dwell_v in_o a_o large_a and_o fruitful_a country_n and_o have_v late_o divitiacus_n for_o their_o king_n be_v the_o most_o powerful_a man_n in_o all_o gallia_n who_o have_v in_o possession_n a_o great_a part_n of_o these_o country_n and_o also_o of_o britain_n itself_o galba_n be_v their_o king_n now_o on_o who_o for_o his_o singular_a justice_n and_o prudence_n general_o with_o one_o consent_n they_o bestow_v the_o management_n of_o the_o war_n they_o have_v 12_o wall_a town_n and_o promise_v to_o set_v forth_o 50000_o man_n the_o tournay_n nervii_n who_o be_v the_o most_o barbarous_a among_o they_o all_o and_o dwell_v further_a off_o promise_v as_o many_o the_o arras_n atrebatii_n 15000._o the_o amiens_n ambianâ—_n 10000_o the_o vellocassii_n and_o vermandois_n veromandui_n as_o many_o the_o tervenne_fw-fr morini_n 25000._o the_o menapii_n 9000._o the_o calete_v 10000_o the_o aduatici_n 29000._o the_o liege_n eburones_n condrusi_n and_o other_o 40000._o all_o caesar_n encourage_v the_o man_n of_o rheims_n to_o persist_v in_o their_o faithfulness_n to_o the_o roman_a empire_n propound_v unto_o they_o great_a offer_n and_o liberal_a promise_n of_o recompense_n and_o command_v all_o their_o senate_n to_o come_v before_o he_o and_o bring_v with_o they_o their_o nobleman_n son_n to_o be_v give_v up_o for_o hostage_n which_o they_o diligent_o perform_v by_o a_o day_n appoint_v and_o have_v receive_v two_o especial_a advertisement_n from_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n the_o one_o concern_v the_o multitude_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o other_o touch_v the_o singular_a opinion_n which_o be_v general_o hold_v of_o their_o manhood_n he_o provide_v for_o the_o first_o by_o persuade_v divitiacus_n the_o heduan_n that_o it_o much_o import_v the_o whole_a course_n of_o those_o business_n to_o keep_v asunder_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o withhold_v their_o force_n from_o make_v a_o head_n that_o so_o he_o may_v avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o encounter_v so_o great_a a_o power_n at_o one_o instant_a which_o may_v easy_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v if_o the_o hedui_n will_v enter_v with_o a_o strong_a power_n into_o the_o march_n of_o the_o bellovaci_n and_o sack_v their_o territory_n with_o sword_n and_o confusion_n which_o divitiacus_n promise_v to_o perform_v and_o to_o that_o purpose_n he_o speedy_o return_v into_o his_o country_n upon_o the_o second_o advertisement_n which_o present_v unto_o he_o the_o great_a valour_n and_o manhood_n of_o his_o enemy_n he_o resolve_v not_o to_o be_v too_o hasty_a in_o give_v they_o battle_n but_o first_o to_o prove_v by_o skirmish_v with_o his_o horseman_n what_o his_o enemy_n by_o their_o prowess_n can_v do_v and_o what_o his_o own_o man_n dare_v do_v observation_n this_o rule_n of_o make_v trial_n of_o the_o worth_n of_o a_o enemy_n have_v always_o be_v observe_v by_o prudent_a and_o grave_a commander_n as_o the_o sure_a principle_n whereon_o the_o true_a judgement_n of_o the_o event_n may_v be_v ground_v for_o if_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o old_a philosopher_n which_o teach_v that_o the_o word_n non_fw-fr putabam_fw-la i_o wist_v it_o not_o be_v never_o hear_v out_o of_o a_o wise_a man_n mouth_n have_v any_o place_n in_o the_o course_n of_o humane_a action_n it_o ought_v especial_o to_o be_v regard_v in_o manage_v these_o main_a point_n whereon_o the_o state_n of_o kingdom_n and_o empire_n depend_v for_o unless_o be_v be_v persuade_v that_o blind_a chance_n direct_v the_o course_n of_o this_o world_n with_o a_o uncertain_a confusion_n and_o that_o no_o foresight_n can_v sway_v the_o balance_n of_o our_o hap_n into_o either_o part_n of_o our_o fortune_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o we_o shall_v not_o by_o all_o mean_n endeavour_v to_o ground_v our_o knowledge_n upon_o true_a cause_n and_o level_v
our_o proceed_n to_o that_o certainty_n which_o rise_v from_o the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o this_o be_v the_o rather_o to_o be_v urge_v inasmuch_o as_o our_o leader_n be_v oftentimes_o deceive_v when_o they_o look_v no_o further_o then_o to_o match_v a_o enemy_n with_o equality_n of_o number_n refer_v their_o valour_n to_o be_v try_v in_o the_o battle_n not_o consider_v that_o the_o eye_n of_o itself_o can_v discern_v the_o difference_n between_o two_o champion_n of_o like_a presence_n and_o outward_a carriage_n unless_o it_o see_v their_o strength_n compare_v together_o and_o weigh_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o scale_n of_o trial_n which_o caesar_n omit_v not_o diligent_o to_o observe_v before_o he_o will_v adventure_v the_o hazard_n of_o battle_n for_o beside_o his_o own_o satisfaction_n it_o give_v great_a encouragement_n to_o his_o man_n when_o they_o see_v themselves_o able_a to_o countermatch_n a_o enemy_n and_o know_v their_o task_n to_o be_v subject_a to_o their_o strength_n 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12_o foot_n in_o altitude_n and_o a_o trench_n of_o 18_o foot_n in_o breadth_n observation_n if_o it_o be_v demand_v why_o caesar_n do_v pass_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n leave_v it_o on_o his_o back_n and_o do_v not_o rather_o attend_v the_o enemy_n on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o so_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o hinder_v he_o if_o he_o shall_v attempt_v to_o pass_v over_o i_o will_v set_v down_o the_o reason_n in_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o war_n as_o the_o occurrence_n shall_v fall_v out_o to_o make_v they_o more_o evident_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v we_o enter_v into_o the_o particularity_n of_o these_o six_o cohort_n that_o we_o may_v the_o better_a judge_n of_o such_o troop_n which_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o service_n of_o this_o war_n but_o that_o we_o may_v the_o better_a conjecture_n what_o number_n of_o soldier_n these_o six_o cohort_n do_v contain_v it_o seem_v expedient_a a_o little_a to_o discourse_v of_o the_o company_n and_o regiment_n which_o the_o 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and_o again_o when_o scipio_n go_v into_o africa_n the_o legion_n be_v increase_v to_o 6200_o footman_n and_o 300_o horse_n and_o short_o after_o the_o macedonian_a war_n the_o legion_n that_o continue_v in_o macedon_n to_o keep_v the_o province_n from_o rebellion_n consist_v of_o 6000_o footman_n and_o 300_o horse_n out_o of_o caesar_n it_o can_v be_v gather_v that_o a_o legion_n in_o his_o time_n do_v exceed_v the_o number_n of_o 5000_o man_n but_o oftentimes_o it_o be_v short_a of_o that_o number_n for_o he_o himself_o say_v that_o in_o this_o war_n in_o gallia_n his_o soldier_n be_v so_o waste_v that_o he_o have_v scarce_o 7000_o man_n in_o two_o legion_n and_o if_o we_o examine_v that_o place_n out_o of_o the_o 3._o of_o the_o civil_a war_n where_o he_o say_v that_o in_o pompey_n his_o army_n be_v 110_o cohort_n which_o amount_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 55000_o man_n and_o it_o be_v manifest_a as_o well_o by_o this_o number_n of_o cohort_n as_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o divers_a 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in_o the_o choice_n the_o second_o legion_n and_o so_o consequent_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o so_o we_o read_v in_o this_o history_n the_o seven_o the_o eight_o the_o nine_o the_o ten_o the_o eleven_o and_o twelve_o legion_n or_o otherwise_o from_o the_o place_n of_o their_o warfare_n and_o so_o we_o read_v of_o legiones_fw-la germanicae_fw-la pannonica_fw-la britannicae_n and_o such_o other_o and_o sometime_o of_o their_o general_n as_o augusta_n claudia_n hist_o vitelliana_n legiones_fw-la and_o so_o forth_o or_o to_o conclude_v from_o some_o accident_n of_o quality_n as_o rapax_fw-la victrix_n fulminifera_n plunder_v victorious_a lightning_n and_o such_o like_a and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o name_n and_o number_n of_o a_o legion_n which_o i_o must_v necessary_o distinguish_v into_o divers_a kind_n of_o soldier_n according_a to_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o the_o old_a roman_n and_o the_o continual_a observation_n thereof_o unto_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o empire_n before_o i_o come_v to_o the_o description_n of_o these_o small_a part_n whereof_o a_o legion_n be_v compound_v first_o therefore_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o after_o the_o consul_n have_v make_v a_o general_a choice_n and_o swear_v the_o soldier_n the_o tribune_n choose_v out_o the_o young_a and_o poor_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o call_v they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o velite_n velite_n their_o place_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o other_o soldier_n be_v both_o base_a and_o dishonourable_a not_o only_o because_o they_o fight_v afar_o off_o and_o be_v light_o arm_v but_o also_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v common_o expose_v to_o the_o enemy_n as_o our_o forlorn_a hope_n be_v have_v choose_v out_o a_o competent_a number_n for_o this_o kind_n they_o proceed_v to_o the_o choice_n of_o they_o which_o they_o call_v hastati_fw-la hastati_fw-la a_o degree_n above_o the_o velite_n both_o in_o age_n
upon_o another_o tacitus_n say_v that_o the_o soldier_n climb_v upon_o the_o wall_n super_fw-la iteratam_fw-la testudinem_fw-la by_o one_o testudo_fw-la make_v upon_o another_o and_o this_o be_v the_o ancient_a form_n and_o use_v of_o a_o testudo_fw-la in_o a_o sudden_a assault_n or_o surprise_v dio_fw-mi cassius_z in_o the_o act_n of_o antony_n say_v 4â—_n that_o be_v gall_v with_o the_o parthian_a archer_n he_o command_v his_o whole_a army_n to_o put_v itself_o into_o a_o testudo_fw-la which_o be_v so_o strange_a a_o sight_n to_o the_o parthian_n that_o they_o think_v the_o roman_n have_v sink_v down_o for_o weariness_n and_o faintness_n and_o so_o forsake_v their_o horse_n draw_v their_o sword_n to_o have_v make_v execution_n and_o then_o the_o roman_n at_o a_o watchword_n give_v rise_v again_o with_o such_o a_o fury_n that_o they_o put_v they_o all_o to_o sword_n and_o â—light_n dio_fw-mi describe_v the_o same_o testudo_fw-la after_o this_o manner_n they_o place_v say_v he_o their_o baggage_n their_o light-armed_n man_n and_o their_o horseman_n in_o the_o midst_n and_o those_o heavy-armed_n footman_n that_o carry_v long_a gutter-tiled_n target_n be_v in_o the_o utmost_a circle_n next_o unto_o the_o enemy_n the_o rest_n which_o bear_v large_a oval_a target_n be_v throng_v together_o throughout_o the_o whole_a troup_n and_o so_o cover_v with_o their_o target_n both_o themselves_o and_o their_o fellow_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o discern_v by_o the_o enemy_n but_o a_o roof_n of_o target_n which_o be_v so_o tile_v together_o that_o man_n may_v safe_o go_v upon_o they_o further_o we_o oftentimes_o read_v that_o the_o roman_n cast_v themselves_o into_o a_o testudo_fw-la to_o break_v through_o a_o enemy_n or_o to_o rout_n and_o disrank_v a_o troup_n and_o this_o use_v the_o roman_n have_v of_o a_o testudo_fw-la in_o field_n service_n and_o only_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o target_n it_o be_v call_v a_o testudo_fw-la in_o regard_n of_o the_o strength_n for_o that_o it_o cover_v and_o shelter_v as_o a_o shell_n cover_v a_o fish_n and_o let_v this_o suffice_v concern_v a_o testudo_fw-la the_o three_o observation_n three_o discovery_n we_o may_v observe_v how_o careful_o caesar_n provide_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o such_o succour_n as_o he_o send_v unto_o bibrax_n for_o he_o command_v the_o same_o messenger_n that_o come_v from_o the_o town_n to_o direct_v they_o as_o the_o best_a and_o sure_a guide_n in_o that_o journey_n lest_o peradventure_o through_o ignorance_n of_o the_o way_n they_o may_v fall_v into_o inconvenience_n or_o danger_n a_o matter_n of_o no_o small_a consequence_n in_o manage_v a_o war_n but_o deserve_v a_o extraordinary_a importunity_n to_o persuade_v the_o necessity_n of_o this_o diligence_n for_o a_o general_n that_o have_v perfect_o discover_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o country_n through_o which_o he_o be_v to_o march_v and_o know_v the_o true_a distance_n of_o place_n the_o quality_n of_o the_o way_n the_o compendiousness_n of_o turn_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o the_o course_n of_o the_o river_n have_v all_o these_o particularity_n as_o main_a advantage_n to_o give_v mean_n of_o so_o many_o several_a attempt_n upon_o a_o enemy_n and_o in_o this_o point_n hannibal_n have_v a_o singular_a dexterity_n and_o excel_v all_o the_o commander_n of_o his_o time_n in_o make_v use_n of_o the_o way_n by_o which_o he_o be_v to_o pass_v but_o he_o that_o lead_v a_o army_n by_o a_o unknown_a and_o undiscovered_a way_n and_o march_v blindfold_a upon_o uncertain_a adventure_n be_v subject_a to_o as_o many_o casualty_n and_o disadvantage_n as_o the_o other_o have_v opportunity_n of_o good_a fortune_n let_v every_o man_n therefore_o persuade_v himself_o that_o good_a discoverer_n be_v as_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o army_n and_o serve_v for_o light_n in_o the_o darkness_n of_o ignorance_n to_o direct_v the_o resolution_n of_o good_a providence_n and_o make_v the_o path_n of_o safety_n so_o manifest_a that_o we_o need_v not_o stumble_v upon_o casualty_n caesar_n in_o his_o journey_n to_o ariovistus_n use_v the_o help_n of_o divitiacus_n the_o heduan_n in_o who_o among_o all_o the_o gall_n he_o repose_v great_a confidence_n to_o discover_v the_o way_n and_o acquaint_v he_o with_o the_o passage_n and_o before_o he_o will_v undertake_v his_o voyage_n unto_o england_n brittany_n he_o well_o inform_v himself_o by_o merchant_n and_o traveller_n of_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o island_n the_o quality_n of_o the_o people_n their_o use_n of_o war_n and_o the_o opportunity_n of_o their_o haven_n neither_o be_v he_o satisfy_v with_o their_o relation_n but_o he_o send_v caius_n volusenus_n in_o a_o ship_n of_o war_n to_o see_v what_o he_o can_v further_o discover_v concern_v these_o point_n suetonius_n add_v moreover_o that_o he_o never_o carry_v his_o army_n per_fw-la insidiosa_fw-la itinera_fw-la through_o place_n where_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o be_v waylay_v unless_o he_o have_v first_o well_o discover_v the_o place_n concern_v the_o order_n which_o skilful_a leader_n have_v observe_v in_o discovery_n discovery_n we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o this_o point_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n the_o one_o in_o understand_v the_o perfect_a description_n of_o the_o country_n the_o second_o in_o observe_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o enemy_n touch_v the_o first_o we_o find_v as_o well_o by_o this_o as_o other_o history_n that_o the_o roman_n use_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n for_o guide_n as_o best_o acquaint_v with_o their_o native_a place_n that_o they_o may_v not_o err_v in_o so_o important_a a_o matter_n provide_v always_o that_o their_o own_o scout_n be_v ever_o abroad_o to_o understand_v what_o they_o can_v of_o themselves_o that_o they_o may_v not_o altogether_o rely_v upon_o a_o stranger_n direction_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v observe_v by_o the_o horseman_n and_o these_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v veterani_fw-la well_o experience_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o war_n and_o so_o the_o general_n receive_v sound_a advertisement_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o too_o forward_o upon_o any_o new_a motion_n unless_o they_o find_v it_o confirm_v by_o divers_a way_n for_o some_o spial_n may_v err_v either_o through_o passion_n or_o affection_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o helvetian_a war_n if_o therefore_o the_o use_n and_o benefit_n which_o prudent_a and_o wise_a commander_n make_v of_o this_o exigence_n or_o the_o misfortune_n which_o the_o want_n of_o this_o knowledge_n bring_v upon_o the_o ignorant_a have_v any_o authority_n to_o persuade_v a_o circumspect_a care_n herein_o this_o little_a that_o have_v be_v speak_v may_v be_v sufficient_a for_o this_o point_n the_o four_o observation_n the_o soldier_n which_o caesar_n send_v to_o relieve_v bibrax_n be_v archer_n of_o creta_n and_o numidia_n use_v and_o slinger_n of_o the_o isle_n baleares_n which_o be_v now_o call_v majorica_n and_o minorica_fw-la which_o kind_n of_o weapon_n because_o it_o seem_v ridiculous_a to_o the_o soldier_n of_o these_o time_n who_o conceit_n be_v hold_v up_o with_o the_o fury_n of_o these_o fiery_a engine_n i_o will_v therefore_o in_o brief_a discover_v the_o nature_n and_o use_n thereof_o the_o latin_n say_v isidore_n call_v this_o weapon_n funda_fw-la quod_fw-la ex_fw-la ea_fw-la fundantur_fw-la lapides_fw-la because_o out_o of_o it_o stone_n be_v cast_v pliny_n attriâ—uteth_v the_o invention_n thereof_o to_o the_o islander_n call_v baleares_n florus_n in_o his_o 3_o book_n and_o â—_o chap._n say_v that_o these_o baleares_n use_v three_o sort_n of_o sling_n and_o no_o other_o weapon_n beside_o and_o that_o a_o boy_n have_v never_o any_o meat_n give_v he_o before_o he_o have_v first_o strike_v it_o with_o a_o sling_n strabo_n distinguish_v these_o three_o sort_n of_o sling_n which_o the_o baleares_n use_v and_o say_v that_o they_o have_v one_o sling_n with_o long_a reins_n which_o they_o use_v when_o they_o will_v cast_v afar_o off_o and_o another_o with_o short_a reins_n which_o they_o use_v near_o at_o hand_n and_o the_o three_o with_o reins_n of_o a_o mean_a size_n to_o cast_v a_o reasonable_a distance_n lipsius_n say_v that_o in_o columna_fw-la antonina_n at_o rome_n he_o observe_v that_o the_o balearean_a be_v make_v with_o one_o sling_n about_o his_o head_n another_o about_o his_o belly_n and_o the_o three_o in_o his_o hand_n which_o may_v be_v their_o ordinary_a manner_n of_o carry_v they_o the_o matter_n whereof_o they_o be_v make_v be_v threefold_a the_o first_o be_v hemp_n or_o cotton_n the_o second_o hair_n and_o the_o three_o sinew_n for_o of_o either_o of_o these_o stuff_n they_o common_o make_v they_o the_o form_n and_o fashion_n of_o a_o sling_n resemble_v a_o plait_a rope_n somewhat_o broad_a in_o the_o midst_n with_o a_o oval_a compass_n and_o so_o by_o little_a and_o little_o decrease_v into_o two_o thong_n or_o reins_n their_o manner_n of_o sle_v be_v to_o whirl_v it_o twice_o or_o thrice_o
to_o caesar_n the_o hedui_n say_v he_o have_v always_o find_v in_o the_o bellovaci_n a_o faithful_a and_o friendly_a disposition_n to_o their_o state_n and_o if_o they_o have_v not_o be_v betray_v by_o their_o nobility_n who_o make_v they_o believe_v that_o the_o hedui_n be_v bring_v in_o bondage_n by_o the_o roman_n and_o suffer_v all_o villainy_n and_o despite_n at_o their_o hand_n they_o have_v never_o withdraw_v themselves_o from_o the_o hedui_n nor_o consent_v to_o conspire_v against_o the_o roman_n the_o author_n of_o this_o counsel_n perceive_v into_o what_o great_a misery_n they_o have_v bring_v their_o country_n be_v flee_v into_o brittany_n wherefore_o not_o only_o the_o bellovaci_n but_o the_o hedui_n also_o in_o their_o behalf_n beseech_v he_o to_o use_v his_o clemency_n towards_o they_o which_o thing_n if_o he_o do_v it_o will_v very_o much_o greaten_v the_o esteem_n &_o authority_n of_o the_o hedui_n among_o the_o belgae_n who_o former_o in_o their_o war_n have_v recourse_n to_o they_o for_o supply_n and_o assistance_n caesar_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o hedui_n and_o divitacus_n promise_v to_o receive_v they_o to_o mercy_n but_o for_o asmuch_o as_o the_o state_n be_v very_o great_a and_o more_o populous_a and_o powerful_a than_o other_o town_n of_o the_o belgae_n he_o demand_v six_o hundred_o hostage_n which_o be_v deliver_v and_o their_o armour_n bring_v out_o of_o the_o town_n he_o march_v from_o thence_o into_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o ambiani_n themselves_o who_o without_o further_a linger_a give_v both_o themselves_o and_o all_o that_o they_o have_v into_o his_o power_n upon_o these_o border_v the_o nervii_n nervii_n of_o who_o caesar_n find_v thus_o much_o by_o inquiry_n that_o there_o be_v no_o recourse_n of_o merchant_n unto_o they_o neither_o do_v they_o suffer_v any_o â—â—ine_n or_o what_o thing_n else_o may_v tend_v to_o riot_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o their_o country_n for_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o by_o such_o thing_n their_o courage_n be_v much_o abate_v and_o their_o virtue_n weaken_v further_o he_o learn_v that_o these_o nervii_n be_v a_o savage_a people_n and_o of_o great_a valour_n often_o accuse_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o belgae_n for_o yield_v their_o neck_n to_o the_o roman_a yoke_n open_o affirm_v that_o they_o will_v neither_o send_v ambassador_n nor_o take_v peace_n upon_o any_o condition_n caesar_n have_v march_v three_o day_n journey_n in_o their_o country_n understand_v that_o the_o river_n namur_n sabis_n be_v not_o pass_v ten_o mile_n from_o his_o camp_n and_o that_o on_o the_o further_a side_n of_o this_o river_n all_o the_o nervii_n be_v assemble_v together_o and_o there_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n with_o they_o be_v join_v the_o atâ—ebates_n and_o veromandui_n who_o they_o have_v persuade_v to_o abide_v the_o same_o fortune_n of_o war_n with_o they_o beside_o they_o expect_v a_o power_n from_o the_o aduatici_n the_o woman_n and_o such_o as_o be_v unmeet_a for_o the_o field_n they_o bestow_v in_o a_o place_n unaccessible_a for_o any_o army_n by_o reason_n of_o fen_n and_o bog_n and_o marsh_n upon_o this_o intelligence_n caesar_n send_v his_o discoverer_n and_o centurion_n before_o to_o choose_v out_o a_o fit_a place_n to_o incamp_v in_o now_o whereas_o many_o of_o the_o surrender_a belgae_n and_o other_o gall_n be_v continual_o in_o the_o roman_a army_n certain_a of_o these_o as_o it_o be_v afterward_o know_v by_o the_o captive_n observe_v the_o order_n which_o the_o roman_n use_v in_o march_v come_v by_o night_n to_o the_o nervii_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o between_o every_o legion_n go_v a_o great_a sort_n of_o carriage_n and_o that_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n of_o difficulty_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o first_o legion_n be_v come_v into_o the_o camp_n and_o the_o other_o legion_n yet_o a_o great_a way_n off_o to_o set_v upon_o they_o upon_o a_o sudden_a before_o they_o be_v disburden_v of_o their_o carriage_n and_o so_o to_o overthrow_v they_o which_o legion_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o their_o stuff_n take_v the_o rest_n will_v have_v small_a courage_n to_o stand_v against_o they_o it_o much_o further_v this_o advice_n that_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o nervii_n be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v any_o power_n of_o horse_n but_o what_o they_o do_v they_o be_v wont_a to_o do_v with_o foot_n that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o resist_v the_o cavalry_n of_o their_o borderer_n whensoever_o they_o make_v any_o road_n into_o their_o march_n their_o manner_n be_v to_o cut_v young_a tree_n half_o asunder_o and_o bow_v the_o top_n down_o to_o the_o ground_n plash_v the_o bough_n in_o breadth_n and_o with_o thorn_n and_o brier_n plant_v between_o they_o they_o make_v they_o so_o thick_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o see_v through_o they_o so_o hard_o it_o be_v to_o enter_v or_o pass_v through_o they_o so_o that_o when_o by_o this_o occasion_n the_o passage_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n must_v needs_o be_v hinder_v the_o nervii_n think_v the_o foresay_a counsel_n not_o to_o be_v neglect_v the_o place_n which_o the_o roman_n choose_v to_o incamp_v in_o be_v a_o hill_n of_o like_a level_n from_o the_o top_n to_o the_o bottom_n at_o the_o foot_n whereof_o run_v the_o river_n sabis_n and_o with_o the_o like_a level_n on_o the_o other_o side_n rise_v another_o hill_n direct_o against_o this_o to_o the_o quantity_n of_o two_o hundred_o pace_n the_o bottom_n whereof_o be_v plain_a and_o open_a and_o the_o upper_a part_n so_o thick_a with_o wood_n that_o it_o can_v not_o easy_o be_v look_v into_o within_o these_o wood_n the_o â—ervians_n keep_v themselves_o close_o and_o in_o the_o open_a ground_n by_o the_o river_n side_n be_v only_o see_v a_o few_o troop_n of_o horse_n and_o the_o river_n in_o that_o place_n be_v about_o three_o foot_n deep_a caesar_n march_n where_o the_o enemy_n be_v near_a at_o hand_n observation_n this_o treacherous_a practice_n of_o the_o surrender_a belgae_n have_v fortunate_o discover_v the_o manner_n of_o caesar_n march_n march_n as_o well_o in_o safe_a passage_n as_o in_o dangerous_a and_o suspect_a place_n which_o be_v a_o point_n of_o no_o small_a consequence_n in_o martial_a discipline_n be_v subject_a to_o so_o many_o inconvenience_n and_o capable_a of_o the_o great_a art_n that_o may_v be_v show_v in_o manage_v a_o war_n concern_v the_o discreet_a carriage_n of_o a_o march_n by_o this_o circumstance_n it_o may_v be_v gather_v that_o caesar_n principal_o respect_a safety_n and_o second_o conveniency_n mâ—râ—h_n if_o the_o place_n afford_v a_o secure_a passage_n and_o give_v no_o suspicion_n of_o hostility_n he_o be_v content_a in_o regard_n of_o conveniency_n to_o suffer_v every_o legion_n to_o have_v the_o oversight_n of_o their_o particular_a carriage_n safety_n and_o to_o insert_v they_o among_o the_o troop_n conveniency_n that_o every_o man_n may_v have_v at_o hand_n such_o necessary_n as_o be_v requisite_a either_o for_o their_o private_a use_n or_o public_a discipline_n but_o if_o he_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o any_o sudden_a attempt_n or_o stand_v in_o hazard_n to_o be_v impeach_v by_o a_o enemy_n he_o then_o omit_v convenient_a disposition_n in_o regard_n of_o particular_a use_n as_o disadvantageous_a to_o their_o safety_n and_o carry_v his_o legion_n in_o that_o readiness_n that_o if_o they_o chance_v to_o be_v engage_v by_o a_o enemy_n they_o may_v without_o any_o alteration_n of_o their_o march_n or_o encumbrance_n of_o their_o carriage_n receive_v the_o charge_n in_o that_o form_n of_o battle_n as_o be_v best_a approve_v by_o their_o military_a rule_n and_o the_o ancient_a practice_n of_o their_o fortunate_a progenitour_n the_o old_a roman_n observe_v likewise_o the_o same_o respect_n for_o in_o unsafe_a and_o suspect_a place_n they_o carry_v their_o troop_n again_o quadrato_fw-la quadratum_fw-la in_o a_o square_a march_n which_o as_o livy_n seem_v to_o note_v be_v free_a from_o all_o carriage_n and_o impediment_n which_o may_v hinder_v they_o in_o any_o sudden_a alarm_n neither_o do_v that_o of_o gall._n hirtius_n any_o way_n contradict_v this_o interpretation_n where_o he_o say_v that_o caesar_n so_o dispose_v his_o troop_n against_o the_o bellovaci_n that_o three_o legion_n march_v in_o front_n and_o after_o they_o come_v all_o the_o carriage_n to_o which_o the_o ten_o legion_n serve_v as_o a_o rearward_n and_o so_o they_o march_v pene_fw-la agmine_fw-la quadrato_fw-la almost_o in_o a_o square_a march_n epist_n seneca_n in_o like_a manner_n note_v the_o safety_n of_o agmen_fw-la quadratum_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o where_o a_o enemy_n be_v expect_v we_o ought_v to_o march_v agmine_fw-la quadrato_fw-la ready_a to_o fight_v the_o most_o material_a consequence_n of_o these_o place_n allege_v be_v that_o as_o oft_o as_o they_o suspect_v any_o onset_n or_o charge_n their_o order_n in_o a_o march_n little_a or_o nothing_o differ_v from_o their_o usual_a manner_n of_o imbattel_v and_o
his_o due_a and_o proper_a composition_n what_o then_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o roman_n do_v overcome_v and_o that_o those_o that_o do_v use_v the_o phalanx_n be_v void_a of_o the_o hope_n of_o victory_n even_o from_o hence_o that_o the_o roman_a army_n have_v infinite_a commodity_n both_o of_o place_n and_o of_o time_n to_o fight_v in_o but_o the_o phalanx_n have_v only_o one_o time_n one_o place_n and_o one_o kind_n whereto_o it_o may_v profitable_o apply_v itself_o so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v of_o necessity_n that_o their_o enemy_n shall_v encounter_v they_o at_o that_o instant_n especial_o with_o their_o whole_a force_n it_o be_v questionless_a not_o only_o not_o without_o danger_n but_o in_o all_o probability_n likely_a that_o the_o phalanx_n shall_v ever_o carry_v away_o the_o better_a but_o if_o that_o may_v be_v avoid_v which_o be_v easy_o do_v shall_v not_o that_o disposition_n than_o be_v utter_o unprofitable_a and_o free_a from_o all_o terror_n and_o it_o be_v far_a evident_a that_o the_o phalanx_n must_v necessary_o have_v plain_a and_o champain_n place_n without_o any_o hindrance_n or_o impediment_n as_o ditch_n uneven_a place_n valley_n little_a hill_n and_o river_n for_o all_o these_o may_v hinder_v and_o disjoin_v it_o and_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a to_o have_v a_o plain_a of_o the_o capacity_n of_o twenty_o stadia_fw-la much_o less_o more_o where_o there_o shall_v be_v find_v none_o of_o these_o impediment_n but_o suppose_v there_o be_v find_v such_o place_n as_o be_v proper_a for_o the_o phalanx_n if_o the_o enemy_n refuse_v to_o come_v unto_o they_o and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n spoil_v and_o sack_v the_o city_n and_o country_n round_o about_o what_o commodity_n or_o profit_n shall_v arise_v by_o any_o army_n so_o order_v for_o if_o it_o remain_v in_o such_o place_n as_o have_v be_v before_o speak_v of_o it_o can_v neither_o relieve_v their_o friend_n nor_o preserve_v themselves_o for_o the_o convoy_n which_o they_o expect_v from_o their_o friend_n be_v easy_o cut_v off_o by_o the_o enemy_n while_o they_o remain_v in_o those_o open_a place_n and_o if_o it_o happen_v at_o any_o time_n that_o they_o leave_v they_o upon_o any_o enterprise_n they_o be_v then_o expose_v to_o the_o enemy_n but_o suppose_v that_o the_o roman_a army_n shall_v find_v the_o phalanx_n in_o such_o place_n yet_o will_v it_o not_o adventure_v itself_o in_o gross_a at_o one_o instant_a but_o will_v by_o little_a and_o little_o retire_v itself_o as_o do_v plain_o appear_v by_o their_o usual_a practice_n for_o there_o must_v not_o be_v a_o conjectur_n of_o these_o thing_n by_o my_o word_n only_o but_o especial_o by_o that_o which_o they_o do_v for_o they_o do_v not_o so_o equal_o frame_v their_o battle_n that_o they_o do_v assault_v the_o enemy_n altogether_o make_v as_o it_o werebut_n one_o front_n but_o part_n make_v a_o stand_n and_o part_n charge_v the_o enemy_n that_o if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o phalanx_n do_v press_v they_o that_o come_v to_o assault_v they_o and_o be_v repel_v the_o force_n of_o their_o order_n be_v dissolve_v for_o whether_o they_o pursue_v those_o that_o retire_v or_o fly_v from_o those_o that_o do_v assault_v they_o these_o do_v disjoin_v themselves_o from_o part_n of_o their_o army_n by_o which_o mean_v there_o be_v a_o gap_n open_v to_o their_o enemy_n stand_v and_o attend_v their_o opportunity_n so_o that_o now_o they_o need_v not_o any_o more_o to_o charge_v they_o in_o the_o front_n where_o the_o force_n of_o the_o phalanx_n consist_v but_o to_o assault_v where_o the_o breach_n be_v make_v both_o behind_o and_o upon_o the_o side_n but_o if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o roman_a army_n may_v keep_v his_o due_a propriety_n and_o disposition_n the_o phalanx_n by_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o place_n be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v the_o like_a do_v it_o not_o then_o manifest_o demonstrate_v the_o difference_n to_o be_v great_a between_o the_o goodness_n of_o their_o disposition_n and_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o phalanx_n to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v the_o necessity_n impose_v upon_o a_o army_n which_o be_v to_o march_v through_o place_n of_o all_o nature_n to_o encamp_v themselves_o to_o possess_v place_n of_o advantage_n to_o besiege_v and_o to_o be_v besiege_v and_o also_o contrary_a to_o expectation_n sometime_o to_o come_v in_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o all_o these_o occasion_n necessary_o accompany_v a_o army_n and_o oftentimes_o be_v the_o especial_a cause_n of_o victory_n to_o which_o the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n be_v no_o way_n fit_a or_o convenient_a forasmuch_o as_o neither_o in_o their_o general_a order_n nor_o in_o their_o particular_a disposition_n without_o a_o convenient_a place_n they_o be_v able_a to_o effect_v any_o thing_n of_o moment_n but_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v apt_a for_o all_o these_o purpose_n for_o every_o soldier_n among_o they_o be_v once_o arm_v and_o ready_a to_o fight_v refuse_v no_o place_n time_n nor_o occasion_n keep_v always_o the_o same_o order_n whether_o he_o fight_v together_o with_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o army_n or_o particular_o by_o himself_o man_n to_o man_n and_o hence_o it_o happen_v that_o as_o the_o commodity_n of_o their_o disposition_n be_v advantageous_a so_o the_o end_n do_v answer_v the_o expectation_n these_o thing_n i_o think_v to_o speak_v of_o at_o large_a because_o many_o of_o the_o grecian_n be_v of_o a_o opinion_n that_o the_o macedonian_n be_v not_o to_o be_v overcome_v and_o again_o many_o wonder_v how_o the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o the_o worse_a by_o the_o roman_a army_n consider_v the_o nature_n of_o their_o weapon_n thus_o far_o go_v polybius_n in_o compare_v the_o weapon_n and_o embattel_v of_o the_o roman_n with_o the_o use_n of_o arm_n among_o the_o macedonian_n wherein_o we_o see_v the_o pike_n true_o and_o exact_o order_v according_a as_o the_o wise_a grecians_n can_v best_o proportion_v it_o with_o that_o form_n of_o battle_n which_o may_v give_v most_o advantage_n to_o the_o use_n thereof_o so_o that_o if_o our_o squadron_n of_o pike_n jump_v not_o with_o the_o perfect_a manner_n of_o a_o phalanx_n as_o we_o see_v they_o do_v not_o they_o fall_v so_o much_o short_a of_o that_o strength_n which_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o grecian_n and_o the_o experience_n of_o other_o nation_n impute_v unto_o it_o but_o suppose_v we_o can_v allow_v it_o that_o disposition_n in_o the_o course_n of_o our_o war_n which_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o weapon_n do_v require_v yet_o forasmuch_o as_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o polybius_n the_o say_a manner_n of_o imbattel_v be_v tie_v to_o such_o dangerous_a circumstance_n of_o one_o time_n one_o place_n and_o one_o kind_n of_o fight_n i_o hold_v it_o not_o so_o profitable_a a_o weapon_n as_o the_o practice_n of_o our_o time_n do_v seem_v to_o make_v it_o especial_o in_o woody_a country_n such_o as_o ireland_n be_v where_o the_o use_n be_v cut_v off_o by_o such_o inconvenience_n as_o be_v note_v to_o hinder_v the_o manage_n thereof_o and_o doubtless_o if_o our_o commander_n do_v but_o consider_v of_o the_o incongruity_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o ireland_n they_o will_v not_o proportion_v so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o they_o in_o every_o company_n as_o there_o be_v for_o common_o half_a the_o company_n be_v pike_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v in_o the_o practice_n of_o our_o war_n that_o half_o the_o army_n have_v neither_o offensive_a nor_o defensive_a weapon_n but_o only_o against_o a_o troup_n of_o horse_n for_o they_o seldom_o or_o never_o come_v to_o the_o push_n of_o pike_n with_o the_o foot_n company_n where_o they_o may_v charge_v and_o offend_v the_o enemy_n and_o for_o defence_n if_o the_o enemy_n think_v it_o not_o safe_a to_o buckle_v with_o they_o at_o hand_n but_o make_v more_o advantage_n to_o play_v upon_o they_o afar_o off_o with_o shot_n it_o afford_v small_a safety_n to_o shake_v a_o long_a pike_n at_o they_o and_o stand_v fair_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o entertain_v a_o volley_n of_o shot_n with_o the_o body_n of_o their_o battalion_n as_o i_o make_v no_o question_n but_o the_o pike_n in_o some_o service_n be_v profitable_a as_o behind_o a_o rampire_n or_o at_o a_o breach_n so_o i_o assure_v myself_o there_o be_v weapon_n if_o they_o be_v put_v to_o trial_n that_o will_v countervail_v the_o pike_n even_o in_o those_o service_n wherein_o it_o be_v think_v most_o profitable_a concern_v the_o target_n we_o see_v it_o take_v the_o hand_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o polybius_n of_o all_o other_o weapon_n whatsoever_o as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o divers_a and_o sundry_a sort_n of_o imbattel_v as_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o place_n wheresoever_o for_o their_o use_n be_v as_o effectual_a in_o small_a body_n and_o century_n as_o in_o gross_a troop_n and_o great_a
conqueror_n nor_o any_o hope_n of_o safety_n to_o the_o conquer_a by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o that_o remain_v alive_a send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n and_o yield_v themselves_o to_o his_o mercy_n and_o in_o lay_v open_a the_o misery_n of_o their_o state_n affirm_v that_o of_o six_o hundred_o senator_n they_o have_v now_o leave_v but_o three_o and_o of_o sixty_o thousand_o fight_a man_n there_o be_v scarce_o five_o hundred_o that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n caesar_n that_o his_o clemency_n may_v appear_v to_o a_o distress_a people_n preserve_v they_o with_o great_a care_n grant_v unto_o they_o the_o free_a possession_n of_o their_o town_n and_o country_n and_o straight_o command_v their_o borderer_n not_o to_o offer_v they_o any_o wrong_n or_o injury_n at_o all_o observation_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o relation_n of_o that_o great_a and_o dangerous_a battle_n cae._n which_o ramus_n complain_v of_o as_o a_o confuse_a narration_n much_o differ_v from_o the_o direct_a and_o methodical_a file_n of_o his_o other_o commentary_n but_o if_o that_o rule_n hold_v good_a which_o learned_a rhetorician_n have_v observe_v in_o their_o oratory_n that_o a_o unperfect_a thing_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v tell_v in_o a_o perfect_a manner_n then_o by_o ramus_n leave_v if_o any_o such_o confusion_n do_v appear_v it_o both_o savour_v of_o eloquence_n and_o well_o suit_v the_o turbulent_a carriage_n of_o the_o action_n wherein_o order_n and_o skill_n give_v place_n to_o fortune_n and_o providence_n be_v swallow_v up_o with_o peradventure_o for_o that_o which_o hâ—rtius_n say_v of_o the_o overthrow_n he_o give_v to_o pharnaces_n may_v as_o well_o be_v say_v of_o this_o that_o he_o get_v the_o victory_n plurimum_fw-la adjuvante_fw-la deorum_fw-la benignitate_fw-la qui_fw-la cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la belli_fw-la casibus_fw-la intersunt_fw-la tum_fw-la praecipue_fw-la iis_fw-la quibus_fw-la nihil_fw-la ratione_fw-la potuit_fw-la administrari_fw-la by_o the_o very_a great_a favour_n and_o assistance_n of_o the_o god_n who_o as_o they_o give_v aid_n in_o all_o case_n of_o war_n so_o especial_o in_o those_o where_o reason_n and_o good_a skill_n be_v at_o a_o loss_n for_o so_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o this_o battle_n and_o the_o danger_n proceed_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n that_o bring_v he_o to_o that_o push_n in_o the_o battle_n with_o pharnaces_n for_o he_o well_o understand_v that_o the_o nervii_n attend_v his_o come_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o river_n sabis_n neither_o be_v he_o ignorant_a how_o to_o fortify_v his_o camp_n in_o the_o face_n of_o a_o enemy_n without_o fear_n or_o danger_n as_o we_o have_v see_v in_o his_o war_n with_o ariovistus_n when_o he_o march_v to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o purpose_v to_o incamp_v himself_o with_o three_o battle_n and_o cause_v two_o of_o they_o to_o stand_v ready_a in_o arm_n to_o receive_v any_o charge_n which_o the_o enemy_n shall_v offer_v to_o give_v that_o the_o three_o battle_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n may_v fortify_v the_o camp_n which_o course_n will_v easy_o have_v frustrate_v this_o stratagem_n of_o the_o nervii_n and_o make_v the_o hazard_n less_o dangerous_a but_o he_o little_o expect_v any_o such_o resolution_n so_o contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o military_a discipline_n that_o a_o enemy_n shall_v not_o stick_v to_o pass_v over_o so_o broad_a a_o river_n to_o climb_v up_o such_o steep_a and_o high_a rock_n to_o adventure_v battle_n in_o a_o place_n so_o disadvantageous_a and_o to_o hazard_v their_o fortune_n upon_o such_o inequality_n and_o therefore_o he_o little_o mistrust_v any_o such_o unlikely_a attempt_n wherein_o the_o enemy_n have_v plot_v his_o own_o overthrow_n if_o the_o legion_n have_v be_v ready_a to_o receive_v they_o which_o may_v teach_v a_o general_n that_o which_o caesar_n have_v not_o yet_o learned_a that_o a_o leader_n can_v be_v too_o secure_a in_o his_o most_o assure_a course_n nor_o too_o careful_a in_o his_o best_a advise_a direction_n consider_v that_o the_o great_a mean_n may_v easy_o be_v prevent_v and_o the_o safe_a course_n weaken_v with_o a_o unrespected_a circumstance_n so_o powerful_a be_v weak_a occurrence_n in_o the_o main_a course_n of_o the_o weighty_a action_n and_o so_o infinite_a be_v the_o way_n whereby_o either_o wisdom_n or_o fortune_n may_v work_v neither_o do_v this_o warm_a he_o to_o provide_v for_o that_o which_o a_o enemy_n may_v do_v how_o unlikely_a soever_o it_o may_v seem_v unto_o he_o as_o appear_z by_o that_o accident_n in_o the_o battle_n with_o pharnaces_n which_o practice_n of_o attempt_v a_o thing_n against_o reason_n and_o the_o art_n of_o war_n have_v find_v good_a success_n in_o our_o modern_a war_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o french_a history_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v to_o be_v handle_v spare_o as_o no_o way_n favour_v of_o circumspect_a and_o good_a direction_n forasmuch_o as_o temeritas_fw-la non_fw-la semper_fw-la felix_fw-la rashness_n do_v not_o always_o speed_v well_o as_o fabius_n the_o great_a answer_v scipio_n the_o chief_a help_n which_o the_o roman_n find_v be_v first_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n whereof_o i_o speak_v in_o the_o helvetian_a war_n second_o the_o experience_n which_o the_o soldier_n have_v get_v in_o the_o former_a battle_n which_o much_o direct_v they_o in_o this_o turbulent_a assault_n wherein_o they_o carry_v themselves_o as_o man_n acquaint_v with_o such_o casualty_n last_o the_o valour_n and_o undaunted_a judgement_n of_o the_o general_n which_o oversway_v the_o peril_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o bring_v it_o to_o so_o fortunate_a a_o end_n wherein_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o as_o in_o a_o temperate_a course_n when_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o battle_n rest_v upon_o his_o direction_n he_o whole_o intent_a wariness_n and_o circumspection_n so_o in_o the_o hazard_n and_o peril_n of_o good_a hap_n he_o confront_v extremity_n of_o danger_n with_o extremity_n of_o valour_n and_o overtopped_a fury_n with_o a_o high_a resolution_n chap._n xii_o the_o aduatici_n betake_v themselves_o to_o a_o strong_a hold_n and_o be_v take_v by_o caesar_n the_o brabant_n aduatici_n beforementioned_a come_v with_o all_o their_o power_n to_o aid_v the_o nervii_n caesar_n and_o understanding_n by_o the_o way_n of_o their_o overthrow_n return_v home_o again_o and_o forsake_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o town_n and_o castle_n convey_v themselves_o and_o their_o wealth_n into_o one_o strong_a and_o well-fortified_n town_n which_o be_v compass_v about_o with_o mighty_a rock_n and_o steep_a downfall_n save_v in_o one_o place_n of_o two_o hundred_o foot_n in_o breadth_n where_o there_o be_v a_o entry_n by_o a_o gentle_a and_o easy_a ascent_n which_o passage_n they_o have_v fortify_v with_o a_o double_a wall_n of_o a_o large_a altitude_n and_o have_v place_v mighty_a great_a stone_n and_o sharp_a beam_n upon_o the_o wall_n ready_a for_o a_o assault_n this_o people_n descend_v from_o the_o cimbri_n and_o teutoni_n who_o in_o their_o journey_n into_o italy_n leave_v such_o carriage_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o rhine_n as_o they_o can_v not_o convenient_o take_v along_o with_o they_o and_o 6000_o man_n to_o look_v to_o they_o who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o their_o fellow_n be_v many_o year_n disquiet_v by_o their_o neighbour_n sometime_o invade_v other_o state_n and_o sometime_o defend_v themselves_o at_o length_n procure_v a_o peace_n and_o choose_v this_o place_n to_o settle_v themselves_o in_o at_o the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o roman_a army_n they_o sally_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o make_v many_o light_a skirmish_n with_o they_o but_o after_o that_o caesar_n have_v draw_v a_o rampire_n about_o the_o town_n of_o twelve_o foot_n in_o height_n fifteen_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o have_v fortify_v it_o with_o castle_n very_o thick_a about_o the_o town_n they_o keep_v themselves_o within_o the_o wall_n and_o as_o they_o behold_v the_o vine_n frame_v the_o mount_n raise_v and_o a_o tower_n in_o build_v afar_o off_o at_o first_o they_o begin_v to_o laugh_v at_o it_o and_o with_o scoff_a speech_n from_o the_o wall_n begin_v to_o ask_v with_o what_o hand_n and_o with_o what_o strength_n especial_o by_o man_n of_o that_o stature_n for_o the_o roman_n be_v but_o little_a man_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o gall_n a_o tower_n of_o that_o huge_a massy_a weight_n shall_v be_v bring_v unto_o the_o wall_n but_o when_o they_o see_v it_o remove_v and_o approach_v near_o unto_o the_o town_n as_o man_n astonish_v at_o the_o strange_a and_o unaccustomed_a sight_n thereof_o they_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o entreat_v a_o peace_n with_o this_o message_n they_o believe_v that_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o make_v war_n without_o the_o special_a assistance_n of_o the_o god_n that_o can_v with_o such_o facility_n transport_v engine_n of_o that_o height_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o encounter_v at_o hand_n against_o the_o strong_a part_n of_o their_o town_n and_o therefore_o they_o submit_v both_o themselves_o
and_o all_o that_o they_o have_v to_o caesar_n mercy_n desire_v one_o thing_n of_o he_o earnest_o which_o be_v that_o if_o his_o goodness_n and_o clemency_n which_o they_o have_v hear_v so_o high_a praise_n of_o have_v determine_v to_o save_v their_o life_n he_o will_v not_o take_v away_o their_o arm_n from_o they_o forasmuch_o as_o all_o their_o neighbour_n be_v enemy_n unto_o they_o and_o envy_v at_o their_o valour_n neither_o be_v they_o able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o if_o they_o shall_v deliver_v up_o their_o armour_n so_o that_o they_o have_v rather_o suffer_v any_o inconvenience_n by_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n then_o to_o be_v butcherly_a murder_v by_o they_o who_o in_o former_a time_n they_o have_v hold_v subject_a to_o their_o command_n to_o this_o caesar_n answer_v that_o he_o will_v save_v the_o city_n rather_o of_o his_o own_o custom_n then_o for_o any_o desert_n of_o they_o so_o that_o they_o yield_v before_o the_o ram_n touch_v the_o wall_n but_o no_o condition_n of_o remedy_n shall_v be_v accept_v without_o present_a delivery_n of_o their_o arm_n for_o he_o will_v do_v by_o they_o as_o he_o have_v do_v by_o the_o nervii_n and_o give_v commandment_n to_o their_o neighbour_n that_o they_o shall_v offer_v no_o wrong_n to_o such_o as_o have_v commend_v their_o safety_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n this_o answer_n be_v return_v to_o the_o city_n they_o seem_v content_v to_o do_v whatsoever_o he_o command_v they_o and_o thereupon_o cast_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o armour_n over_o the_o wall_n into_o the_o ditch_n insomuch_o as_o they_o fill_v it_o almost_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o rampire_n and_o yet_o as_o afterward_o be_v know_v conceal_v the_o three_o part_n they_o set_v open_v the_o gate_n and_o for_o that_o day_n carry_v themselves_o peaceable_o towards_o night_n caesar_n command_v the_o gate_n to_o be_v shut_v and_o the_o soldier_n to_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o town_n lest_o in_o the_o night_n the_o townsman_n shall_v be_v any_o way_n injure_v by_o they_o but_o the_o aduatici_n have_v consult_v together_o before_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o believe_v that_o upon_o their_o submission_n the_o roman_n will_v either_o set_v no_o watch_n at_o all_o or_o at_o the_o least_o keep_v it_o very_o careless_o partly_o with_o such_o armour_n as_o they_o have_v retain_v and_o partly_o with_o target_n make_v of_o bark_n or_o wrought_v of_o wicker_n which_o upon_o the_o sudden_a they_o have_v cover_v over_o with_o leather_n about_o the_o three_o watch_n where_o the_o ascent_n to_o our_o fortification_n be_v easy_a they_o issue_v sudden_o out_o of_o the_o town_n with_o all_o their_o power_n but_o signification_n thereof_o be_v present_o give_v by_o fire_n as_o caesar_n have_v command_v the_o roman_n haste_v speedy_o to_o that_o place_n the_o enemy_n fight_v very_o desperate_o as_o man_n in_o the_o last_o hope_n of_o their_o welfare_n incounter_v the_o roman_n in_o a_o place_n of_o disadvantage_n all_o their_o hope_n now_o lie_v upon_o their_o valour_n at_o length_n with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o four_o thousand_o the_o rest_n be_v drive_v back_o into_o the_o town_n the_o next_o day_n when_o caesar_n come_v to_o break_v open_a the_o gate_n and_o find_v no_o man_n at_o defence_n he_o send_v in_o the_o soldier_n and_o sell_v all_o the_o people_n and_o spoil_n of_o the_o town_n the_o number_n of_o person_n in_o the_o town_n amount_v to_o fifty_o three_o thousand_o bondslave_n the_o first_o observation_n in_o the_o surprise_n attempt_v by_o the_o belgae_n upon_o bibract_n i_o set_v down_o the_o manner_n which_o both_o the_o gall_n and_o the_o roman_n use_v in_o their_o sudden_a surprise_v of_o a_o town_n whereof_o if_o they_o fail_v the_o place_n import_v any_o advantage_n in_o the_o course_n of_o war_n they_o then_o prepare_v for_o the_o siege_n in_o that_o manner_n as_o caesar_n have_v describe_v in_o this_o place_n they_o environ_v the_o town_n about_o with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n circumvallatio_n and_o fortify_v the_o say_a rampire_n with_o many_o castle_n and_o fortress_n erect_v in_o a_o convenient_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o and_o so_o they_o keep_v the_o town_n from_o any_o foreign_a succour_n or_o relief_n and_o withal_o secure_v themselves_o from_o sally_n or_o other_o stratagem_n which_o the_o townsman_n may_v practise_v against_o they_o and_o this_o manner_n of_o siege_n be_v call_v circumvallatio_fw-la commentary_n the_o particular_a description_n whereof_o i_o refer_v unto_o the_o history_n of_o alesia_n where_o i_o will_v handle_v it_o according_a to_o the_o particular_n there_o set_v down_o by_o caesar_n the_o second_o observation_n the_o ram_n ram._n which_o caesar_n here_o mention_v be_v of_o great_a note_n among_o all_o the_o roman_a engine_n and_o hold_v that_o place_n which_o the_o canon_n have_v in_o our_o war_n vitruvius_n do_v attribute_v the_o invention_n thereof_o to_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o at_o the_o take_n of_o cadiz_n cales_n want_v a_o fit_a instrument_n to_o raze_v and_o overthrow_v a_o castle_n they_o take_v a_o long_a beam_n or_o timber-tree_n and_o bear_v it_o upon_o their_o arm_n and_o shoulder_n with_o the_o one_o end_n thereof_o they_o first_o break_v down_o the_o uppermost_a rank_n of_o stone_n and_o so_o descend_v by_o degree_n they_o overthrow_v the_o whole_a tower_n the_o roman_n have_v two_o sort_n of_o ram_n the_o one_o be_v rude_a and_o plain_a the_o other_o artificial_a and_o compound_v simplex_fw-la the_o first_o be_v that_o which_o the_o carthaginian_n use_v at_o cadiz_n and_o be_v portray_v in_o the_o column_n of_o traâ—an_n at_o rome_n the_o compound_a ram_n be_v thus_o describe_v by_o josephus_n composita_fw-la a_o ram_n say_v he_o be_v a_o mighty_a great_a beam_n like_v unto_o the_o mast_n of_o a_o ship_n and_o be_v strengthen_v at_o one_o end_n with_o a_o head_n of_o iron_n fashion_v like_o unto_o a_o ram_n and_o thereof_o it_o take_v the_o name_n this_o ram_n be_v hang_v by_o the_o midst_n with_o rope_n unto_o another_o beam_n which_o lie_v cross_v a_o couple_n of_o pillar_n and_o hang_v thus_o equal_o balance_v it_o be_v by_o force_n of_o man_n thrust_v forwar_n and_o recoil_v backward_o and_o so_o beat_v upon_o the_o wall_n with_o his_o iron_n head_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o tower_n so_o strong_a or_o wall_n so_o broad_a that_o be_v able_a to_o stand_v before_o it_o the_o length_n of_o this_o ram_n be_v of_o a_o large_a scantling_n for_o plutarch_n affirm_v that_o antony_n in_o the_o parthian_a war_n have_v a_o ram_n fourscore_o foot_n long_o and_o vitruvius_n say_v that_o the_o length_n of_o a_o ram_n be_v usual_o one_o hundred_o and_o six_o and_o sometime_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o and_o this_o length_n give_v great_a strength_n and_o force_n to_o the_o engine_n it_o be_v manage_v at_o one_o time_n with_o a_o whole_a century_n or_o order_n of_o soldier_n and_o their_o force_n be_v spend_v they_o be_v second_v with_o another_o century_n and_o so_o the_o ram_n play_v continual_o upon_o the_o wall_n without_o intermission_n josephus_n say_v that_o titus_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o jerusalem_n have_v a_o ram_n for_o every_o legion_n it_o be_v oftentimes_o cover_v with_o a_o vine_n that_o the_o man_n that_o manage_v it_o may_v be_v in_o more_o safety_n it_o appear_v by_o this_o place_n that_o if_o a_o town_n have_v continue_v out_o until_o the_o ram_n have_v touch_v the_o wall_n they_o can_v not_o presume_v of_o any_o acceptation_n of_o rendry_a forasmuch_o as_o by_o their_o obstinacy_n they_o have_v bring_v in_o peril_n the_o life_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o be_v subdue_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n which_o afford_v such_o mercy_n as_o the_o victor_n please_v the_o three_o observation_n the_o aduatici_n as_o it_o seem_v be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o small_a security_n which_o one_o state_n can_v give_v unto_o another_o that_o commend_v their_o safety_n to_o be_v protect_v by_o it_o for_o as_o architas_n the_o pythagorean_n say_v a_o body_n a_o family_n and_o a_o army_n be_v then_o well_o govern_v when_o they_o contain_v within_o themselves_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o safety_n so_o we_o must_v not_o look_v for_o any_o security_n in_o a_o state_n when_o their_o safety_n depend_v upon_o a_o foreign_a protection_n for_o the_o old_a say_n be_v that_o neque_fw-la murus_fw-la neque_fw-la amicus_fw-la quisquam_fw-la teget_fw-la quem_fw-la propria_fw-la arma_fw-la non_fw-la texere_fw-la neither_o wall_n nor_o friend_n will_v save_v he_o who_o his_o own_o weapon_n do_v not_o defend_v although_o in_o this_o case_n the_o matter_n be_v well_o qualify_v by_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o late_a victory_n in_o the_o continent_n of_o gallia_n whereof_o the_o hedui_n with_o their_o associate_n be_v very_o gainful_a witness_n but_o among_o kingdom_n that_o be_v better_o suit_v with_o equality_n of_o strength_n and_o
labour_n and_o thus_o we_o find_v the_o reason_n particular_o deliver_v that_o move_v caesar_n first_o to_o undertake_v the_o helvetian_a war_n and_o then_o the_o cause_n which_o draw_v he_o on_o to_o the_o quarrel_n with_o ariovistus_n then_o follow_v the_o necessity_n of_o that_o war_n with_o the_o belgae_n and_o now_o the_o motive_n which_o induce_v he_o to_o this_o with_o the_o maritime_a city_n of_o bretagne_n and_o so_o consequent_o of_o his_o passage_n into_o germany_n or_o what_o other_o enterprise_n he_o attempt_v which_o he_o lay_v down_o as_o the_o ground_n and_o occasion_n of_o those_o war_n and_o can_v not_o be_v avoid_v but_o with_o the_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n further_o let_v we_o observe_v the_o mean_n he_o use_v to_o prevent_v the_o inclination_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o subjection_n and_o peaceable_a obedience_n by_o send_v his_o man_n into_o divers_a quarter_n of_o that_o continent_n and_o so_o settle_v the_o waver_a disposition_n of_o the_o further_a skirt_n with_o the_o weight_n of_o his_o army_n and_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o legionary_a soldier_n which_o he_o send_v ready_a to_o stifle_v all_o motion_n of_o rebellion_n in_o the_o beginning_n that_o they_o may_v not_o break_v out_o to_o the_o prejudice_n and_o diminution_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o good_a success_n of_o his_o proceed_n beside_o the_o advantage_n which_o he_o gain_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o he_o so_o little_o fear_v concern_v the_o upshot_n of_o that_o quarrel_n that_o he_o have_v disperse_v tâ—e_v great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n upon_o other_o service_n the_o rest_n be_v sufficient_a to_o end_v that_o war_n chap._n vi_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o ship_n and_o their_o sea-sight_n the_o situation_n of_o almost_o all_o these_o city_n be_v such_o caesar_n that_o be_v build_v in_o point_n &_o promontory_n they_o can_v not_o at_o full_a sea_n which_o happen_v always_o twice_o in_o 12_o hour_n be_v approach_v by_o foot-force_n nor_o yet_o with_o ship_v for_o again_o in_o a_o ebb_n the_o vessel_n be_v lay_v on_o the_o grounâ—_n and_o so_o leave_v as_o a_o prey_n to_o the_o enemy_n and_o if_o the_o roman_n go_v about_o to_o shut_v out_o the_o sea_n with_o mount_n which_o they_o raise_v equal_a to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n and_o be_v at_o the_o point_n of_o enter_v and_o take_v it_o yet_o the_o townsman_n have_v such_o store_n of_o ship_v will_v easy_o convey_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o carriage_n into_o the_o next_o town_n and_o there_o help_v themselves_o with_o the_o like_a advantage_n of_o place_n and_o thus_o they_o delude_v caesar_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o summer_n for_o the_o roman_a fleet_n by_o reason_n of_o continual_a wind_n and_o foul_a weather_n dare_v not_o adventure_v to_o put_v out_o of_o the_o river_n loire_n into_o so_o vast_a a_o sea_n wherein_o the_o haven_n and_o road_n be_v few_o and_o far_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o and_o the_o tide_n great_a the_o ship_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v thus_o build_v and_o rig_v the_o keel_n be_v somewhat_o flatter_v then_o the_o roman_n ship_v the_o better_a to_o bear_v the_o ebb_n and_o shallows_n of_o that_o coast_n the_o fore-deck_a be_v altogether_o erect_v and_o perpendicular_a the_o poop_n be_v make_v to_o bear_v the_o hugeness_n of_o the_o billow_n and_o the_o force_n of_o the_o tempest_n and_o in_o a_o word_n they_o be_v altogether_o build_v for_o strength_n for_o the_o rib_n and_o seat_n be_v make_v of_o beam_n of_o a_o foot_n square_a fasten_v with_o iron_n pin_n of_o a_o inch_n thick_a in_o stead_n of_o cable_n they_o use_v chain_n of_o iron_n and_o raw_a hide_n and_o skin_n for_o sail_n either_o for_o want_v of_o linen_n or_o ignorant_a of_o the_o use_n thereof_o or_o because_o sail_n of_o linen_n will_v hardly_o serve_v to_o carry_v ship_n of_o that_o burden_n or_o endure_v the_o tempestuousnesse_n of_o those_o sea_n and_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n the_o meeting_n and_o conflict_n of_o the_o roman_a navy_n with_o this_o kind_n of_o ship_n be_v such_o that_o they_o only_o excel_v they_o in_o celerity_n and_o speedy_a nimbleness_n with_o force_n of_o oar_n but_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n either_o concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n or_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o foul_a weather_n be_v far_o inferior_a unto_o they_o for_o the_o strength_n of_o they_o be_v such_o that_o they_o can_v neither_o hurt_v they_o with_o their_o beak-head_n nor_o cast_v a_o weapon_n to_o any_o purpose_n into_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o altitude_n and_o high-built_a bulk_n and_o if_o any_o gust_n chance_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o rise_v that_o force_v they_o to_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o weather_n their_o ship_n will_v better_o bear_v the_o rage_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o with_o great_a safety_n shelter_v itself_o among_o flat_n and_o shallows_n without_o fear_n of_o rock_n or_o any_o such_o hazard_n of_o all_o which_o chance_v the_o roman_a navy_n stand_v continual_o in_o danger_n observation_n and_o here_o let_v it_o not_o seem_v impertinent_a to_o the_o argument_n which_o we_o handle_v sea_n consider_v the_o general_a use_n which_o we_o islander_n have_v of_o navigation_n brief_o to_o set_v down_o the_o most_o eminent_a cause_n of_o the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o sea_n as_o far_o forth_o as_o shall_v seem_v necessary_a to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o soldier_n which_o albeit_o they_o may_v fall_v short_a of_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o this_o great_a secret_a yet_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o stand_v for_o true_a principle_n of_o regularity_n and_o well-approved_n rule_v in_o our_o art_n of_o navigation_n let_v we_o take_v they_o for_o no_o less_o than_o they_o effect_v and_o give_v they_o that_o credit_n in_o our_o imagination_n which_o tract_n of_o time_n have_v gain_v to_o those_o forge_a circle_n in_o the_o heaven_n that_o albeit_o their_o chief_a essence_n consist_v in_o conceit_n and_o supposal_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o serve_v to_o direct_v our_o knowledge_n to_o a_o certainty_n in_o that_o variety_n and_o seem_a inconstancy_n of_o motion_n we_o esteem_v of_o they_o as_o they_o effect_v and_o not_o as_o they_o be_v consider_v then_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o world_n as_o it_o make_v a_o right_a sphere_n for_o in_o that_o position_n the_o naturalist_n chief_o understand_v celestial_a influence_n to_o have_v operation_n in_o this_o liquid_a element_n of_o the_o water_n it_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o horizon_n and_o meridian_n into_o four_o quarter_n the_o first_o quarter_n be_v that_o between_o the_o east_n horizon_n and_o the_o noon_n meridian_n which_o they_o call_v a_o flow_a quarter_n the_o second_o from_o the_o noon_n meridian_n to_o the_o west_n horizon_n which_o they_o make_v a_o ebb_a quarter_n the_o three_o from_o the_o west_n horizon_n to_o the_o midnight_n meridian_n which_o they_o likewise_o call_v a_o flow_a quarter_n and_o again_o from_o the_o midnight_n meridian_n to_o the_o east_n horizon_n the_o second_o ebb_a quarter_n and_o so_o they_o make_v two_o flow_a quarter_n and_o two_o ebb_a quarter_n of_o the_o whole_a circuit_n of_o heaven_n the_o instrument_n of_o these_o sensible_a quality_n and_o contrary_a effect_n be_v the_o sun_n and_o the_o moon_n as_o they_o be_v carry_v through_o these_o distinct_a distinct_a part_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o although_o experience_n have_v note_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v of_o great_a power_n in_o watery_a motion_n yet_o we_o may_v not_o omit_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o force_n which_o the_o sun_n yield_v in_o this_o miracle_n of_o nature_n first_o therefore_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o when_o the_o moon_n or_o the_o sun_n begin_v to_o appear_v above_o the_o right_a horizon_n and_o enter_v into_o that_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o i_o term_v the_o first_o flow_v quarter_n that_o then_o the_o sea_n begin_v to_o swell_v and_o as_o they_o mount_v up_o to_o their_o meridian_n altitude_n so_o it_o increase_v until_o it_o come_v to_o a_o high_a flood_n and_o again_o as_o those_o light_n pass_v the_o meridian_n decline_v to_o the_o west_n and_o run_v the_o circuit_n of_o the_o ebb_a quarter_n so_o the_o water_n decrease_v and_o return_v again_o from_o whence_o it_o come_v again_o as_o they_o set_v under_o the_o west_n horizon_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o second_o flow_v quarter_n so_o the_o sea_n begin_v again_o to_o flow_v and_o still_o increase_v until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o night_n meridian_n and_o then_o again_o it_o reflow_v according_a as_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n be_v carry_v in_o the_o other_o ebb_a quarter_n from_o the_o night_n meridian_n to_o the_o west_n horizon_n and_o hence_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o conjunction_n or_o new_a of_o the_o moon_n spring-tide_n when_o the_o
in_o his_o army_n who_o he_o persuade_v with_o great_a reward_n and_o further_a promise_n to_o fly_v to_o the_o enemy_n and_o there_o to_o carry_v himself_o according_a to_o the_o instruction_n which_o he_o shall_v give_v he_o this_o gall_n come_v as_o a_o revolter_v to_o the_o enemy_n lay_v open_a unto_o they_o the_o fear_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o extremity_n that_o caesar_n be_v drive_v into_o by_o the_o veneti_n and_o that_o the_o night_n follow_v sabinus_n be_v about_o to_o withdraw_v his_o force_n secret_o out_o of_o his_o camp_n and_o to_o make_v all_o the_o haste_n he_o can_v to_o relieve_v caesar_n upon_o which_o advertisement_n they_o all_o cry_v out_o with_o one_o consent_n that_o this_o opportunity_n be_v not_o to_o be_v omit_v but_o set_v apart_o all_o other_o devise_n they_o will_v go_v and_o assault_v the_o roman_a camp_n many_o circumstance_n persuade_v the_o gall_n to_o this_o resolution_n as_o first_o the_o linger_a and_o doubt_n which_o sabinus_n have_v make_v when_o he_o be_v offer_v battle_n second_o the_o intelligence_n which_o this_o fugitive_n have_v bring_v three_o the_o want_n of_o victual_n wherein_o they_o have_v be_v negligent_a and_o unadvised_o careless_a four_a the_o hope_n they_o conceive_v of_o the_o war_n of_o vannes_n and_o last_o for_o that_o man_n willing_o believe_v that_o which_o they_o will_v have_v come_v to_o pass_v the_o force_n of_o these_o motive_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o they_o will_v not_o suffer_v viridovix_n nor_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o captain_n to_o dismiss_v the_o council_n until_o they_o have_v yield_v that_o they_o shall_v take_v arm_n and_o go_v to_o the_o roman_a camp_n which_o be_v grant_v they_o gather_v rubbish_n and_o faggot_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n and_o with_o cheerful_a heart_n as_o though_o the_o victory_n be_v already_o get_v they_o march_v to_o the_o place_n where_o sabinus_n be_v encamp_v which_o be_v the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n rise_v gentle_o from_o a_o level_n the_o quantity_n of_o one_o thousand_o pase_n hither_o the_o gall_n haste_v with_o all_o expedition_n and_o to_o the_o intent_n the_o roman_n may_v not_o have_v so_o much_o time_n as_o to_o put_v on_o their_o armour_n the_o gall_n for_o haste_n run_v themselves_o out_o of_o breath_n sabinus_n encourage_v his_o soldier_n give_v the_o sign_n of_o battle_n and_o sally_v out_o at_o two_o several_a gate_n of_o his_o camp_n upon_o the_o enemy_n who_o be_v hinder_v with_o their_o load_n of_o rubbish_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o through_o the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n the_o weariness_n and_o unexperience_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o valour_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n and_o their_o exercise_n informer_n battle_n that_o the_o gall_n can_v not_o endure_v the_o brunt_n of_o the_o first_o encounter_n but_o present_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n we_o be_v fresh_a and_o lusty_a pursue_v after_o and_o slay_v great_a number_n of_o they_o then_o chase_v their_o horse_n suffer_v very_o few_o of_o they_o to_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n and_o so_o it_o happen_v that_o at_o one_o time_n sabinus_n have_v news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n at_o sea_n and_o caesar_n of_o sabinus_n victory_n by_o land_n upon_o these_o victory_n all_o the_o city_n and_o state_n yield_v themselves_o to_o titurius_n for_o as_o the_o gall_n be_v prompt_a to_o undertake_v a_o war_n so_o be_v they_o weak_a in_o suffer_v and_o impatient_a of_o the_o consequent_n and_o calamity_n thereof_o observation_n this_o practice_n of_o a_o counterfeit_a fear_n be_v often_o put_v in_o use_n by_o the_o roman_a leader_n fear_n as_o well_o to_o disappoint_v the_o expectation_n of_o a_o enemy_n as_o to_o draw_v they_o into_o a_o inconvenience_n and_o so_o to_o defeat_v they_o of_o their_o great_a help_n in_o time_n of_o battle_n caesar_n come_v to_o succour_v the_o camp_n of_o cicero_n 5._o make_v such_o use_n of_o this_o art_n that_o he_o put_v to_o rout_n a_o great_a army_n of_o the_o gall_n with_o a_o handful_n of_o man_n which_o i_o will_v refer_v unto_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v particular_o set_v down_o by_o caesar_n the_o chief_a thing_n in_o this_o place_n which_o bring_v they_o to_o their_o overthrow_n be_v disappointment_n for_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n hardly_o to_o be_v digest_v in_o business_n of_o small_a consequence_n to_o be_v frustrate_v of_o a_o settle_a expectation_n when_o the_o mind_n shall_v dispose_v herself_o to_o one_o only_a intent_n and_o in_o the_o upshot_n meet_v with_o a_o counterbuff_n to_o cross_v her_o purpose_n and_o so_o defeat_v she_o of_o that_o hope_n which_o the_o strength_n of_o her_o reason_n have_v entertain_v how_o much_o more_o than_o in_o thing_n of_o such_o importance_n when_o we_o shall_v proceed_v in_o a_o course_n of_o victory_n and_o humour_n our_o conceit_n with_o that_o we_o wish_v and_o will_v have_v to_o happen_v and_o in_o the_o end_n meet_v either_o with_o bondage_n or_o death_n must_v our_o best_a wit_n be_v appall_v have_v neither_o respite_n nor_o 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number_n of_o disunit_a part_n how_o able_a or_o infinite_a soever_o i_o may_v here_o allege_v infinite_a example_n to_o confirm_v this_o truth_n but_o let_v the_o battle_n of_o dreux_n serve_v for_o all_o wherein_o the_o protestant_n overcharge_v the_o catholic_n army_n followed_z the_o retreat_z so_o hard_o that_o they_o quick_o become_v master_n of_o the_o field_n and_o then_o neglect_v martial_a discipline_n fall_v in_o confuse_o with_o the_o break_a multitude_n to_o make_v the_o victory_n more_o glorious_a by_o slaughter_n and_o mortality_n the_o duke_n of_o guise_n all_o this_o while_n bodge_v not_o a_o foot_n but_o in_o unexampled_a patience_n keep_v his_o regiment_n close_o together_o and_o will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o rescue_v their_o general_n that_o be_v take_v until_o the_o regiment_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o condie_n be_v likewise_o disperse_v and_o break_v and_o then_o perceive_v no_o difference_n of_o order_n between_o the_o victor_n protestant_n and_o the_o vanquish_a catholic_n he_o dissolve_v that_o terrible_a cloud_n that_o have_v hang_v so_o long_o in_o suspense_n and_o so_o change_v the_o fortune_n of_o the_o day_n that_o he_o take_v the_o chief_a of_o their_o prince_n prisoner_n with_o little_a or_o no_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o man_n so_o powerful_a be_v order_n in_o the_o deed_n of_o arm_n and_o of_o such_o consequence_n in_o obtain_v victory_n and_o thus_o we_o have_v first_o see_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o a_o counterfeit_a fear_n well_o dissemble_v may_v cast_v upon_o a_o credulous_a and_o unadvised_a enemy_n when_o pretence_n and_o appearance_n have_v bring_v they_o into_o a_o error_n which_o their_o own_o credulity_n do_v afterward_o avouch_v and_o second_o what_o strength_n and_o safety_n consist_v in_o order_n and_o how_o powerful_a it_o be_v to_o throw_v down_o and_o to_o set_v up_o chap._n ix_o the_o proceed_n of_o crassus_n in_o aquitanie_n at_o the_o same_o instant_n of_o time_n it_o happen_v also_o caesar_n that_o pub._n crassus_n come_v into_o aquitania_n which_o both_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o large_a extension_n of_o the_o country_n as_o also_o for_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v name_v the_o three_o part_n of_o gallia_n and_o consider_v that_o he_o be_v to_o make_v war_n in_o those_o part_n where_o l._n valerius_n praeconius_n the_o legate_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o army_n overthrow_v and_o where_o lucius_n manlius_n be_v fain_o to_o fly_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o carriage_n he_o think_v that_o his_o affair_n require_v no_o mean_a diligence_n and_o therefore_o have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n and_o muster_v many_o auxiliary_a force_n and_o evocati_fw-la send_v for_o many_o valiant_a and_o prudent_a man_n by_o name_n from_o tolouse_n carcasone_n and_o narbone_n city_n border_v upon_o the_o province_n he_o carry_v his_o army_n into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o sontiate_n which_o be_v no_o
soon_o know_v but_o they_o levy_v great_a force_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o with_o their_o horse_n in_o which_o their_o principal_a strength_n consist_v charge_v upon_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o march_n which_o be_v easy_o repel_v as_o we_o follow_v the_o retreat_n sudden_o the_o infantry_n of_o the_o gall_n show_v itself_o in_o a_o valley_n as_o it_o lay_v in_o ambush_n these_o set_n upon_o the_o roman_n renew_v the_o battle_n and_o there_o the_o fight_n continue_v hot_a a_o long_a time_n the_o sontiate_n be_v animate_v with_o the_o former_a victory_n see_v all_o the_o hope_n of_o aquitanie_n rely_v upon_o their_o virtue_n and_o the_o roman_n on_o the_o other_o side_n desire_v to_o show_v what_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v of_o themselves_o without_o their_o grand_a captain_n and_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o a_o young_a soldier_n at_o length_n the_o enemy_n overwage_v with_o prowess_n and_o weary_v with_o wound_n betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n of_o who_o the_o roman_n slay_v a_o great_a number_n and_o then_o march_v direct_o to_o the_o town_n of_o the_o sontiate_n and_o lay_v siege_n unto_o it_o the_o siege_n grow_v hot_a the_o roman_n approach_v the_o wall_n with_o vine_n turret_n and_o mount_v the_o townsman_n defend_v themselves_o sometime_o by_o sally_v out_o sometime_o by_o undermine_v the_o mount_n and_o fortification_n wherein_o the_o aquitani_n be_v very_o skilful_a but_o when_o they_o perceive_v the_o industry_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o exceed_v all_o that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v they_o entreat_v crassus_n to_o accept_v their_o rendry_n which_o be_v grant_v and_o all_o the_o army_n intend_v the_o delivery_n of_o their_o arm_n adcantuanus_n their_o chief_a magistrate_n flee_v out_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n at_o another_o port_n of_o the_o city_n with_o six_o hundred_o devote_a companion_n who_o they_o call_v soldurii_fw-la who_o manner_n be_v to_o enjoy_v all_o good_a thing_n in_o common_a with_o those_o who_o they_o have_v choose_v for_o their_o friend_n and_o if_o any_o misfortune_n befall_v they_o either_o to_o die_v with_o they_o or_o present_o kill_v themselves_o neither_o be_v it_o ever_o know_v in_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n that_o any_o of_o they_o refuse_v to_o die_v when_o his_o friend_n be_v slay_v but_o as_o they_o attempt_v to_o escape_v the_o soldier_n that_o keep_v that_o part_n of_o the_o fortification_n as_o they_o signify_v his_o evasion_n by_o a_o clamour_n and_o shout_n the_o rest_n betake_v themselves_o to_o arm_n and_o so_o after_o a_o sharp_a conflict_n repel_v he_o again_o into_o the_o town_n where_o he_o desire_v to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o number_n of_o the_o submissive_a multitude_n which_o be_v grant_v crassus_n have_v take_v hostage_n of_o they_o go_v into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o vocates_n and_o tarusates_n the_o first_o observation_n these_o skilful_a and_o experience_a man_n which_o crassus_n send_v for_o out_o of_o all_o the_o city_n in_o aquitaniâ—_n evocati_fw-la 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massilia_n and_o oftentimes_o when_o both_o burn_a and_o undermine_v fail_v they_o confront_v it_o with_o another_o mount_n within_o the_o wall_n to_o disappoint_v the_o disadvantage_n by_o equal_a contest_v of_o it_o and_o so_o make_v it_o unprofitable_a concern_v mine_n thus_o much_o may_v i_o say_v without_o prejudice_n to_o that_o art_n that_o the_o chief_a point_n to_o be_v respect_v be_v these_o first_o the_o true_a distance_n to_o a_o design_a place_n which_o be_v best_a get_v by_o instrument_n and_o help_v of_o geometry_n where_o other_o mark_n of_o certainty_n be_v want_v second_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o mine_n that_o we_o may_v not_o err_v in_o our_o course_n which_o the_o compass_n afford_v three_o the_o strengthen_n of_o the_o mine_n with_o timber-work_n if_o need_v require_v last_o the_o countermine_v and_o crosse-meeting_n all_o which_o part_n have_v very_o many_o circumstance_n and_o require_v a_o large_a discourse_n than_o may_v be_v think_v pertinent_a for_o this_o place_n the_o three_o observation_n the_o strange_a contract_n between_o these_o soldurii_fw-la and_o their_o chieftain_n may_v well_o deserve_v a_o place_n among_o these_o observation_n especial_o consider_v the_o obligatory_a condition_n which_o either_o party_n stand_v bind_v to_o observe_v for_o the_o captain_n be_v to_o make_v his_o soldurii_fw-la partaker_n of_o all_o his_o happiness_n in_o this_o life_n in_o regard_n whereof_o they_o be_v to_o take_v â—arâ—_n of_o whatsoever_o ill_a chance_n or_o disaster_n shall_v happen_v to_o befall_v he_o if_o death_n which_o be_v the_o last_o end_n of_o all_o sensual_a misery_n take_v hold_v of_o their_o head_n these_o devote_a be_v tie_v voluntary_o to_o follow_v he_o the_o selfsame_a way_n neither_o in_o any_o memory_n be_v there_o say_v he_o ever_o man_n find_v that_o refuse_v to_o die_v if_o he_o to_o who_o he_o be_v devote_v chance_v to_o be_v slay_v which_o bloody_a league_n of_o amity_n as_o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n multiply_v particular_a destiny_n to_o a_o general_a calamity_n so_o be_v it_o dangerous_a in_o a_o wel-ordered_n state_n if_o the_o ringleader_n be_v either_o ambitious_a or_o seek_v to_o practise_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o good_a government_n for_o he_o himself_o will_v presume_v much_o upon_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o soldurii_fw-la and_o they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n must_v needs_o wish_v well_o to_o his_o attempt_n that_o be_v so_o interest_v in_o his_o life_n and_o death_n chap._n x._o the_o gall_n raise_v new_a force_n against_o crassus_n the_o barbarous_a gall_n be_v much_o trouble_v caesar_n that_o a_o town_n of_o that_o strength_n both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n shall_v so_o soon_o be_v take_v and_o therefore_o they_o send_v ambassador_n into_o all_o quarter_n conjure_v one_o with_o another_o confirm_v their_o covenant_n with_o mutual_a hostage_n and_o levy_v what_o power_n they_o be_v able_a to_o make_v send_v for_o aid_v out_o of_o spain_n and_o from_o other_o state_n that_o border_v upon_o aquitanie_n at_o the_o come_n of_o these_o force_n they_o begin_v to_o make_v war_n with_o a_o great_a power_n and_o with_o many_o soldier_n of_o great_a fame_n for_o they_o appoint_v such_o leader_n as_o have_v see_v the_o experience_n of_o sertorius_n his_o war_n and_o be_v great_a in_o the_o opinion_n of_o man_n for_o their_o skill_n and_o knowledge_n in_o the_o art_n military_a these_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n begin_v to_o take_v place_n of_o advantage_n to_o fortify_v their_o camp_n and_o to_o intercept_v the_o roman_n from_o free_a passage_n of_o convoy_n and_o necessary_a intercourse_n which_o when_o crassus_n perceive_v and_o consider_v withal_o that_o his_o own_o force_n be_v so_o few_o that_o he_o can_v not_o well_o dismember_v they_o upon_o any_o service_n or_o advantage_n and_o that_o the_o enemy_n go_v out_o
aught_o that_o may_v be_v gather_v by_o their_o history_n the_o five_o observation_n the_o last_o thing_n which_o i_o observe_v be_v the_o place_n where_o crassus_n bestow_v the_o auxiliary_a force_n battle_n in_o the_o disposition_n of_o his_o troop_n to_o battle_n which_o be_v here_o say_v to_o be_v in_o mediam_fw-la aciem_fw-la for_o as_o their_o army_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o battle_n so_o every_o battle_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n the_o two_o cornet_n and_o the_o battle_n wherein_o these_o auxiliary_a force_n be_v in_o this_o service_n bestow_v of_o these_o he_o afterward_o say_v that_o inasmuch_o as_o he_o dare_v not_o put_v any_o confidence_n in_o they_o he_o command_v they_o to_o serve_v the_o roman_n in_o time_n of_o battle_n with_o stone_n and_o weapon_n and_o to_o carry_v earth_n and_o turf_n to_o the_o mount_n the_o reason_n why_o suspect_a troop_n be_v place_v in_o the_o battle_n rather_o than_o in_o either_o of_o the_o cornet_n be_v for_o that_o the_o battle_n have_v not_o such_o scope_n to_o fling_v out_o or_o take_v advantage_n of_o place_n to_o do_v mischief_n as_o the_o cornet_n have_v for_o wheresoever_o there_o have_v be_v set_v battle_n fight_v the_o strength_n of_o their_o army_n consist_v always_o in_o the_o cornet_n as_o the_o two_o principal_a instrument_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o as_o long_o as_o these_o stand_v sound_a the_o victory_n go_v always_o certain_a on_o that_o part_n for_o the_o cornet_n both_o keep_v the_o enemy_n from_o encompass_v about_o the_o body_n of_o their_o army_n and_o have_v the_o advantage_n also_o of_o charge_v upon_o the_o open_a side_n of_o their_o adversary_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n hannibal_n put_v the_o weak_a of_o his_o force_n in_o the_o battle_n and_o advance_v they_o towards_o the_o enemy_n leave_v the_o two_o cornet_n behind_o so_o that_o when_o the_o enemy_n come_v to_o charge_v upon_o the_o battle_n they_o easy_o beat_v they_o back_o and_o as_o they_o follow_v the_o retreat_n fall_v in_o between_o the_o two_o cornet_n wherein_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o army_n consist_v and_o be_v by_o they_o encompass_v on_o each_o side_n be_v defeat_v and_o overthrow_v and_o thus_o we_o see_v the_o advantage_n which_o a_o general_n have_v when_o his_o two_o cornet_n stand_v firm_a although_o the_o battle_n shrink_v in_o the_o encounter_n hannibal_n in_o the_o battle_n he_o have_v with_o scipio_n in_o africa_n place_v the_o stranger_n in_o the_o front_n and_o in_o the_o rearward_n according_a peradventure_o as_o he_o find_v their_o number_n and_o the_o use_n of_o their_o arm_n which_o be_v circumstance_n to_o be_v consider_v in_o this_o case_n and_o depend_v rather_o upon_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o general_n then_o of_o any_o prescription_n that_o can_v be_v give_v in_o this_o matter_n chap._n xi_o crassus_n take_v the_o camp_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o with_o their_o overthrow_n end_v that_o war_n crassus_n understanding_n their_o drift_n caesar_n and_o find_v his_o man_n cheerful_a and_o willing_a to_o fight_v the_o whole_a army_n cry_v out_o that_o they_o will_v stay_v no_o long_o but_o immediate_o set_v upon_o the_o enemy_n in_o their_o camp_n encourage_v his_o soldier_n and_o to_o the_o contentment_n of_o all_o man_n go_v direct_o to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v lodge_v and_o as_o some_o begin_v to_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n and_o other_o with_o cast_v weapon_n to_o beat_v the_o gall_n from_o the_o rampire_n he_o command_v the_o auxiliary_a force_n of_o who_o he_o have_v no_o great_a assurance_n to_o bring_v stone_n and_o weapon_n to_o the_o soldier_n that_o fight_v and_o to_o carry_v earth_n and_o turf_n to_o the_o mount_n that_o so_o they_o may_v make_v a_o show_n of_o fight_v and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n as_o the_o enemy_n begin_v valiant_o to_o make_v resistance_n &_o to_o cast_v their_o weapon_n from_o the_o high_a ground_n to_o the_o great_a hurt_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n the_o horseman_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n ride_v about_o the_o camp_n of_o the_o gall_n bring_v word_n to_o crassus_n that_o the_o rampire_n at_o the_o decumane_a port_n be_v not_o fortify_v with_o such_o diligence_n as_o they_o find_v it_o in_o other_o place_n but_o will_v admit_v a_o easy_a entrance_n crassus_n deal_v earnest_o with_o the_o commander_n of_o the_o horse_n to_o encourage_v their_o man_n with_o great_a promise_n and_o reward_n and_o instruct_v they_o what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v they_o according_a to_o their_o instruction_n take_v four_o cohort_n that_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o camp_n fresh_a and_o no_o way_n tire_v and_o carry_v they_o a_o further_a way_n about_o that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v discover_v by_o the_o enemy_n while_o all_o man_n eye_n and_o mind_n be_v intent_n upon_o the_o fight_n they_o speedy_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o fortification_n which_o the_o horseman_n have_v find_v to_o be_v weak_a which_o be_v easy_o break_v down_o they_o have_v enter_v the_o camp_n before_o the_o enemy_n either_o see_v they_o or_o can_v tell_v what_o be_v do_v and_o then_o a_o great_a clamour_n and_o shout_n be_v hear_v about_o that_o place_n the_o roman_a legion_n renew_v their_o force_n as_o it_o fall_v out_o always_o in_o hope_n of_o victory_n begin_v to_o charge_v they_o afresh_o with_o great_a fury_n the_o gall_n be_v circumvent_v on_o each_o side_n and_o despair_v of_o their_o safety_n cast_v themselves_o over_o the_o rampire_n seek_v by_o flight_n to_o escape_v the_o danger_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o country_n be_v open_a and_o champain_n the_o horseman_n pursue_v they_o with_o that_o execution_n that_o of_o fifty_o thousand_o which_o come_v out_o of_o aquitanie_n and_o spain_n there_o scarce_o remain_v the_o four_o part_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o this_o fight_n the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o aquitani_n yield_v to_o caesar_n and_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n give_v he_o hostage_n among_o these_o be_v the_o tarbelli_n bigerriones_n preciani_n vocates_n tarusates_n elusates_n garites_n ausci_n garumni_n sibutzates_n and_o cocasates_n only_o some_o few_o that_o live_v far_o off_o trust_v upon_o the_o come_n on_o of_o winter_n hold_v off_o and_o do_v not_o submit_v themselves_o observation_n from_o this_o place_n brancatio_n take_v occasion_n to_o dispute_v 3._o how_o a_o enemy_n that_o be_v strong_o encamp_v secundo_fw-la and_o for_o some_o advantage_n will_v not_o remove_v may_v be_v dislodge_v whether_o he_o will_v or_o no._n a_o point_n of_o great_a consequence_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n and_o therefore_o deserve_v due_a consideration_n concern_v which_o he_o lay_v this_o down_o for_o a_o maxim_n that_o all_o sort_n and_o strong_a hold_n be_v take_v by_o the_o foot_n and_o that_o camp_n and_o lodging_n be_v take_v by_o the_o head_n by_o which_o be_v mean_v that_o he_o who_o purpose_v to_o win_v a_o fortress_n well_o man_v and_o provide_v must_v first_o get_v the_o foot_n and_o take_v hold_v of_o the_o ditch_n and_o then_o seize_v himself_o upon_o the_o rampire_n and_o so_o get_v the_o place_n for_o he_o say_v that_o mount_v and_o eminent_a elevation_n be_v of_o little_a use_n against_o fortress_n or_o sconce_n unless_o they_o overtop_n they_o which_o may_v be_v easy_o prevent_v by_o raise_v the_o parapet_n of_o the_o fortress_n in_o front_n and_o the_o curtain_n in_o slank_n according_a as_o the_o enemy_n shall_v carry_v his_o mount_n aloft_o and_o so_o they_o shall_v never_o come_v to_o overtop_n the_o hold_v but_o all_o camp_n and_o lodging_n be_v take_v by_o the_o head_n that_o be_v by_o mount_n and_o elevation_n which_o by_o the_o advantage_n of_o their_o height_n command_v the_o champain_n for_o he_o hold_v it_o impossible_a to_o raise_v a_o mount_n within_o the_o camp_n in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n to_o contest_v that_o which_o the_o enemy_n shall_v make_v without_o this_o foundation_n be_v lay_v he_o proceed_v to_o discover_v a_o way_n how_o to_o raise_v a_o mount_n maugre_o the_o enemy_n which_o shall_v dislodge_v they_o by_o force_n of_o artillery_n or_o murder_v they_o all_o within_o their_o trench_n and_o this_o he_o take_v from_o caesar_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o gergobia_n gallico_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o matter_n consist_v in_o a_o double_a dâ—tch_n run_v like_a unto_o the_o line_n which_o the_o 〈◊〉_d call_v helicall_a by_o this_o double_a ditch_n he_o make_v his_o approach_n to_o any_o place_n of_o most_o advantage_n where_o he_o may_v in_o a_o night_n raise_v a_o mount_n high_a enough_o for_o the_o ordinance_n to_o play_v upon_o any_o quarter_n of_o the_o camp_n the_o censure_n of_o this_o practice_n i_o refer_v to_o our_o judicious_a soldier_n who_o may_v if_o it_o please_v they_o take_v a_o better_a view_n of_o the_o particularity_n of_o this_o stratagem_n in_o brancatio_n himself_o thus_o much_o i_o dare_v affirm_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o these_o
rhine_n with_o great_a multitude_n of_o people_n not_o far_o from_o the_o place_n where_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n the_o reason_n of_o their_o slit_v be_v the_o ill_a entreaty_n which_o for_o many_o year_n together_o they_o have_v receive_v of_o the_o suevi_n the_o great_a and_o warlike_a nation_n among_o the_o german_n for_o these_o suevi_n have_v one_o hundred_o canton_n or_o shire_n which_o yearly_o furnish_v their_o war_n with_o a_o thousand_o man_n apiece_o and_o keep_v as_o many_o at_o home_n to_o maintain_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o army_n abroad_o and_o these_o the_o year_n follow_v be_v in_o arm_n and_o the_o other_o stay_v at_o home_n and_o perform_v the_o like_a duty_n and_o so_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o all_o continue_v their_o experience_n both_o of_o tillage_n and_o matter_n of_o war_n no_o man_n have_v any_o ground_n proper_a to_o himself_o neither_o may_v they_o abide_v long_o than_o a_o year_n in_o one_o place_n they_o live_v chief_o upon_o cattle_n and_o milk_n and_o use_v much_o hunt_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n what_o through_o the_o quality_n of_o their_o diet_n their_o continual_a exercise_n and_o liberty_n of_o life_n be_v never_o bring_v up_o to_o any_o calling_n or_o tie_v to_o any_o discipline_n nor_o urge_v to_o any_o thing_n against_o their_o disposition_n that_o they_o be_v strong_a and_o of_o a_o large_a stature_n and_o they_o have_v use_v themselves_o so_o to_o it_o that_o they_o never_o care_v for_o any_o clothing_n in_o the_o cold_a place_n they_o come_v in_o more_o than_o skin_n and_o hide_v which_o cover_v but_o part_n of_o their_o body_n the_o rest_n be_v naked_a and_o they_o wash_v their_o body_n usual_o in_o the_o river_n they_o have_v merchant_n that_o frequent_v their_o port_n not_o so_o much_o to_o bring_v they_o any_o commodity_n from_o abroad_o as_o to_o buy_v the_o prey_n and_o spoil_v they_o take_v in_o war_n and_o whereas_o the_o gall_n take_v much_o delight_n in_o ox_n and_o other_o beast_n and_o stick_v not_o to_o give_v any_o price_n for_o they_o the_o german_n care_v not_o for_o the_o bring_n of_o they_o among_o they_o but_o rather_o use_v their_o own_o misshape_a ugly_a cattle_n which_o by_o daily_o inure_v they_o bring_v to_o perform_v any_o service_n their_o horseman_n oftentimes_o in_o time_n of_o battle_n forsake_v their_o horse_n and_o fight_v on_o foot_n their_o horse_n be_v teach_v to_o stand_v still_o in_o one_o place_n that_o when_o they_o will_v they_o may_v return_v unto_o they_o neither_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n account_v more_o base_a or_o useless_a in_o the_o course_n of_o their_o life_n then_o to_o use_v furniture_n for_o horse_n and_o therefore_o they_o will_v adventure_v to_o charge_n upon_o great_a troop_n of_o horse_n that_o use_v equipage_n with_o a_o few_o of_o their_o own_o quality_n they_o admit_v no_o wine_n to_o be_v bring_v in_o unto_o they_o lest_o it_o may_v effeminate_a their_o warlike_a inclination_n or_o make_v they_o unapt_a for_o labour_n the_o great_a honour_n in_o their_o opinion_n be_v to_o have_v then_o border_a territory_n lie_v waste_v and_o desolate_a for_o so_o it_o will_v be_v think_v that_o many_o state_n together_o can_v not_o resist_v their_o conquer_a valour_n and_o it_o be_v report_v that_o the_o country_n lie_v waste_v from_o the_o suevi_n one_o way_n six_o hundred_o mile_n together_o the_o observation_n by_o this_o practice_n of_o the_o suevi_n it_o appear_v how_o little_a a_o naked_a resolution_n of_o valour_n avail_v when_o it_o want_v the_o ornament_n of_o moral_a 〈◊〉_d and_o civil_a discretion_n to_o make_v use_n of_o that_o greatness_n which_o prowess_n have_v obtain_v for_o notwithstanding_o that_o they_o be_v a_o nation_n both_o warlike_a and_o of_o good_a ability_n they_o be_v so_o vain_o carry_v on_o with_o a_o conceit_n of_o manhood_n that_o it_o sort_v to_o no_o other_o end_n then_o to_o maintain_v barbarism_n at_o home_n and_o desolation_n abroad_o whereas_o true_a valour_n be_v always_o subordinate_a to_o the_o preservation_n of_o commonweal_n and_o be_v as_o the_o defensive_a arm_n of_o civil_a society_n which_o i_o have_v the_o rather_o note_v inasmuch_o as_o it_o resemble_v a_o humour_n that_o abound_v in_o this_o age_n especial_o in_o the_o particular_a behaviour_n of_o our_o young_a gallant_n who_o naked_a valour_n reveal_v itself_o only_o in_o the_o lie_n and_o in_o the_o stab_n for_o want_v of_o other_o assistant_n virtue_n to_o temper_v the_o heat_n of_o so_o brittle_a a_o metal_n lead_v they_o into_o such_o inconvenience_n and_o disorder_a action_n that_o it_o change_v the_o nature_n thereof_o into_o giddy-headed_a rashness_n and_o in_o lieu_n of_o virtue_n guerdon_n be_v repay_v with_o irrision_n chap._n ii_o the_o motive_n induce_v the_o vsipetes_n to_o come_v over_o the_o rhine_n into_o gallia_n next_o unto_o these_o suevi_n inhabit_v the_o ubii_n caesar_n a_o very_a ample_a and_o potent_a state_n and_o through_o their_o intercourse_n and_o traffic_n with_o merchant_n be_v season_v also_o with_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o gall_n their_o neighbour_n somewhat_o more_o civil_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o german_n with_o these_o the_o suevi_n have_v often_o wage_v battle_n and_o albeit_o they_o can_v not_o expel_v they_o out_o of_o their_o country_n forasmuch_o as_o their_o state_n be_v very_o great_a and_o populous_a yet_o by_o continual_a incursion_n they_o bring_v they_o under_o and_o much_o weaken_v their_o estate_n in_o the_o same_o case_n be_v the_o usipetes_n and_o tenchtheri_n before_o mention_v for_o have_v make_v head_n against_o the_o suevi_n for_o many_o year_n together_o they_o be_v constrain_v in_o the_o end_n to_o forsake_v their_o possession_n and_o wander_v the_o space_n of_o three_o year_n through_o the_o continent_n of_o germany_n at_o last_o they_o arrive_v where_o the_o cleve_n menapii_n inhabit_v the_o bank_n on_o either_o side_n the_o river_n rhine_n who_o be_v terrify_v with_o the_o arrival_n of_o such_o a_o multitude_n forsake_v all_o their_o dwelling_n beyond_o the_o river_n and_o plant_v themselves_o on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o water_n to_o hinder_v the_o german_n from_o further_a passage_n the_o usipetes_n with_o their_o associate_n have_v try_v all_o mean_n and_o not_o find_v themselves_o able_a to_o pass_v over_o by_o force_n for_o want_n of_o boat_n nor_o by_o stealth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o diligent_a watch_n of_o the_o menapii_n feign_v a_o retreat_n to_o their_o old_a habitation_n and_o after_o three_o day_n journey_n their_o horseman_n in_o one_o night_n speedy_o return_v again_o and_o slay_v the_o menapii_n both_o unguarded_a and_o unprovided_a for_o they_o upon_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o german_n fear_v not_o to_o return_v over_o the_o river_n into_o their_o town_n and_o house_n these_o be_v slay_v and_o their_o ship_n take_v they_o get_v over_o the_o river_n before_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o menapii_n have_v any_o notice_n of_o their_o come_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o easy_o dispossess_v they_o of_o their_o dwell_a place_n and_o live_v that_o winter_n upon_o the_o provision_n they_o find_v there_o caesar_n understanding_n of_o these_o thing_n and_o fear_v the_o weakness_n of_o the_o gall_n inasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v sudden_a and_o quick_a in_o their_o resolution_n and_o withal_o desirous_a of_o novelty_n he_o dare_v no_o way_n trust_v their_o unconstancy_n for_o it_o be_v their_o practice_n and_o custom_n to_o stay_v traveller_n and_o passenger_n and_o inquire_v of_o they_o what_o they_o either_o hear_v or_o know_v concern_v any_o thing_n that_o have_v happen_v and_o the_o common_a people_n will_v flock_v about_o merchant_n in_o fair_n and_o market_n and_o learn_v of_o they_o whence_o they_o come_v and_o what_o news_n they_o bring_v from_o thence_o and_o by_o these_o rumour_n and_o hearsaye_n they_o direct_v the_o main_a course_n of_o their_o action_n whereof_o they_o can_v not_o but_o soon_o repent_v themselves_o be_v ground_v upon_o such_o weak_a intelligence_n as_o be_v usual_o coin_v to_o please_v the_o multitude_n which_o custom_n be_v know_v caesar_n to_o prevent_v a_o great_a war_n haste_v to_o his_o army_n soon_o than_o he_o be_v wont_a to_o do_v observation_n such_o as_o have_v spend_v their_o time_n in_o the_o contemplation_n of_o nature_n and_o have_v make_v diligent_a search_n of_o the_o temperature_n and_o quality_n of_o climate_n and_o nation_n have_v all_o with_o one_o consent_n make_v choler_n the_o regent_n of_o the_o french_a complexion_n distinguish_v the_o people_n with_o such_o attribute_n as_o the_o say_a humour_n usual_o breed_v neither_o have_v these_o condition_n which_o caesar_n so_o long_o ago_o observe_v in_o the_o ancient_a gall_n any_o disresemblance_n from_o that_o which_o the_o learned_a of_o this_o age_n have_v deliver_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o say_a inhabitant_n but_o that_o irresolute_a constitution_n which_o breed_v such_o
leave_v the_o battle_n he_o clap_v spur_n to_o his_o horse_n and_o rush_v upon_o the_o throng_n to_o rescue_v he_o be_v there_o slay_v after_o this_o battle_n caesar_n think_v it_o not_o safe_a either_o to_o hearken_v to_o any_o condition_n or_o to_o receive_v any_o message_n from_o they_o that_o by_o fraud_n and_o deceit_n have_v seek_v for_o peace_n and_o mean_v nothing_o but_o war_n and_o to_o attend_v any_o long_a until_o their_o horseman_n return_v be_v but_o to_o give_v they_o that_o advantage_n against_o he_o especial_o consider_v the_o weakness_n of_o the_o gall_n among_o who_o the_o german_n by_o this_o battle_n have_v gain_v great_a reputation_n and_o therefore_o he_o dare_v not_o give_v they_o space_n to_o think_v upon_o it_o observation_n this_o cunning_n of_o the_o german_n offer_v occasion_n to_o speak_v somewhat_o concern_v that_o main_a controversy_n of_o policy_n which_o be_v whether_o the_o action_n of_o prince_n and_o great_a commander_n be_v always_o to_o be_v attend_v with_o integrity_n and_o faithful_a accomplishment_n thereof_o wherein_o i_o will_v only_o set_v down_o such_o argument_n and_o ground_n of_o reason_n which_o virtue_n and_o moral_a honesty_n on_o the_o one_o part_n for_o we_o will_v make_v it_o no_o question_n to_o a_o christian_a mind_n and_o the_o daily_a practice_n of_o statesman_n on_o the_o other_o side_n allege_v to_o make_v good_a their_o contrary_a assertion_n the_o great_a politician_n of_o the_o world_n that_o commend_v virtue_n in_o a_o show_n and_o not_o in_o esse_fw-la and_o being_n and_o study_v to_o maintain_v their_o state_n only_o with_o humane_a reason_n not_o regard_v the_o authority_n of_o divine_a ordinance_n set_v this_o down_o as_o a_o maxim_n in_o their_o art_n that_o he_o that_o be_v to_o negotiate_v a_o matter_n and_o mean_v to_o bring_v it_o to_o a_o end_n sort_v to_o his_o contentment_n must_v in_o all_o respect_n be_v like_a qualify_v both_o in_o judgement_n and_o disposition_n as_o the_o party_n be_v with_o who_o he_o deal_v otherwise_o he_o can_v be_v sufficient_o prepare_v to_o hold_v himself_o strong_a in_o the_o matter_n which_o he_o undertake_v for_o a_o wrestler_n that_o come_v with_o mere_a strength_n to_o encounter_v another_o that_o have_v both_o strength_n and_o cunning_a may_v beshrew_v his_o strength_n that_o bring_v he_o thither_o to_o be_v cast_v by_o skill_n and_o be_v laugh_v at_o as_o a_o unworthy_a champion_n for_o serious_a sport_n in_o like_a manner_n in_o this_o universal_a confusion_n of_o infidelity_n wherein_o subtlety_n fly_v at_o so_o high_a a_o pitch_n he_o that_o think_v with_o simplicity_n of_o spirit_n to_o wind_n through_o the_o labyrinth_n of_o falsehood_n and_o avoid_v the_o snare_n of_o deceit_n shall_v find_v himself_o too_o weak_a for_o so_o difficult_a a_o task_n and_o beshrew_v his_o honesty_n if_o he_o regard_v his_o commodity_n for_o it_o be_v the_o course_n that_o every_o man_n take_v which_o must_v bring_v we_o to_o the_o place_n to_o which_o every_o man_n go_v and_o he_o that_o oppose_v himself_o against_o the_o current_n of_o the_o world_n may_v stand_v alone_o in_o his_o own_o conceit_n and_o never_o attain_v that_o which_o the_o world_n seek_v after_o forasmuch_o therefore_o as_o craft_n and_o deceit_n be_v so_o general_a it_o behove_v a_o man_n of_o public_a negotiation_n to_o carry_v a_o mind_n apt_a and_o dispose_v to_o these_o quality_n this_o be_v signify_v by_o that_o which_o ancient_a writer_n report_v of_o achilles_n who_o be_v send_v to_o chiron_n the_o centaur_n half_o a_o man_n and_o half_a a_o beast_n to_o be_v instruct_v in_o the_o rudiment_n of_o princely_a carriage_n that_o of_o the_o brutish_a part_n he_o may_v learn_v to_o strengthen_v himself_o with_o force_n and_o courage_n and_o of_o the_o humane_a shape_n so_o to_o manage_v reason_n that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o fit_a instrument_n to_o answer_v or_o prevent_v whatsoever_o man_v wit_n may_v forge_v to_o overthrow_v it_o neither_o ought_v a_o private_a man_n to_o wonder_v at_o the_o strangeness_n of_o these_o position_n consider_v that_o the_o government_n of_o kingdom_n and_o empire_n be_v carry_v with_o another_o bias_n then_o that_o which_o concern_v particular_a affair_n in_o a_o wel-ordered_n state_n wherein_o truth-breaker_n and_o faithless_a dissembler_n be_v worthy_o condemn_v inasmuch_o as_o they_o necessary_o enforce_v the_o ruin_n thereof_o but_o these_o that_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n of_o government_n and_o be_v to_o shape_v the_o course_n of_o a_o state_n according_a to_o the_o variation_n of_o time_n and_o fortune_n derive_v their_o conclusion_n from_o other_o principle_n whereof_o inferior_a subject_n be_v no_o more_o capable_a than_o man_n be_v able_a to_o understand_v the_o work_n of_o the_o god_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v call_v arcana_fw-la imperii_fw-la secret_n of_o state_n to_o be_v reverence_v rather_o than_o look_v into_o to_o conclude_v the_o affair_n of_o particular_a person_n be_v of_o so_o short_a extension_n and_o encircle_v in_o so_o small_a a_o compass_n that_o a_o mean_a capacity_n may_v easy_o apprehend_v the_o advantage_n or_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v ensue_v upon_o the_o contract_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v requisite_a they_o shall_v stand_v to_o the_o adventure_n and_o their_o judgement_n be_v worthy_o tax_v with_o the_o loss_n but_o the_o business_n of_o the_o commonweal_n be_v both_o subject_a to_o so_o many_o casualty_n of_o fortune_n and_o rely_v upon_o such_o unexpected_a accident_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o spirit_n how_o provident_a soever_o to_o foresee_v the_o issue_n in_o that_o variety_n of_o chance_n beside_o that_o every_o particular_a subject_n be_v much_o interest_v in_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o event_n and_o may_v just_o challenge_v a_o alteration_n of_o the_o intend_a course_n rather_o than_o suffer_v shipwreck_n through_o the_o error_n of_o their_o pilot_n and_o so_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o state_n do_v balance_n out_o the_o loss_n of_o credit_n in_o the_o governor_n on_o the_o other_o side_n such_o as_o zealous_o affect_v true_a honour_n affirm_v virtue_n to_o be_v the_o same_o both_o in_o prince_n and_o people_n neither_o do_v condition_n of_o state_n or_o calling_n or_o the_o quality_n of_o public_a or_o private_a business_n alter_v the_o nature_n and_o essence_n of_o goodness_n for_o to_o deprive_v the_o tongue_n of_o truth_n and_o fidelity_n be_v to_o break_v the_o bond_n of_o civil_a society_n which_o be_v the_o basis_n and_o ground-plot_n of_o all_o state_n and_o commonweal_n they_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o a_o wise_a prince_n may_v so_o carry_v a_o treaty_n that_o he_o may_v seem_v to_o affect_v that_o most_o which_o he_o lest_o intend_v or_o answer_v doubtful_o concern_v the_o proposition_n and_o that_o he_o may_v use_v with_o great_a honour_n the_o practice_n and_o stratagem_n of_o war_n when_o the_o fortune_n of_o both_o party_n consist_v upon_o their_o own_o industry_n but_o to_o break_v any_o covenant_n agree_v upon_o may_v well_o get_v a_o kingdom_n but_o never_o honourable_a reputation_n and_o thus_o they_o contend_v concern_v the_o mean_n whereby_o a_o state_n be_v continue_v in_o happy_a government_n whereof_o thus_o much_o i_o dare_v say_v by_o the_o warrant_n of_o this_o history_n that_o he_o who_o falâ—â—fieth_v his_o word_n upon_o advantage_n howsoever_o he_o regard_v his_o honour_n have_v need_n to_o pay_v they_o home_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o own_o safety_n for_o if_o they_o once_o recover_v the_o loss_n and_o get_v any_o advantage_n against_o those_o truth-breaker_n they_o will_v find_v as_o little_a favour_n as_o the_o german_n do_v with_o caesar_n chap._n v._n caesar_n march_v direct_o to_o the_o camp_n of_o the_o german_n and_o cut_v they_o all_o in_o piece_n and_o so_o end_v that_o war_n upon_o these_o consideration_n caesar_n caesar_n manifest_v his_o resolution_n to_o the_o legate_n and_o questor_n there_o happen_v a_o very_a fortunate_a accident_n for_o the_o next_o day_n very_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n most_o of_o the_o prince_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o german_n come_v unto_o caesar_n into_o his_o camp_n to_o excuse_v their_o fraudulent_a practice_n and_o withal_o to_o continue_v their_o petition_n of_o truce_n whereof_o caesar_n be_v exceed_v glad_a and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o hold_n and_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n bring_v his_o army_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n command_v his_o horseman_n to_o follow_v the_o legion_n because_o they_o have_v be_v daunt_v with_o so_o late_a a_o overthrow_n and_o make_v a_o triple_a battle_n march_v speedy_o eight_o mile_n and_o so_o come_v upon_o the_o german_n before_o they_o have_v notice_n what_o have_v happen_v who_o be_v terrify_v with_o our_o sudden_a arrival_n and_o the_o departure_n of_o their_o own_o leader_n know_v not_o whether_o it_o be_v their_o best_a course_n to_o bring_v forth_o their_o force_n or_o defend_v their_o camp_n or_o
other_o work_n which_o he_o may_v well_o record_v as_o the_o great_a design_n of_o a_o heroic_a spirit_n and_o the_o wonderful_a effect_n of_o magnanimous_a industry_n that_o succeed_a age_n may_v not_o boast_v either_o of_o art_n or_o prowess_n which_o his_o virtue_n have_v not_o express_v or_o otherwise_o may_v wonder_v at_o that_o worth_n which_o they_o themselves_o can_v not_o attain_v unto_o and_o to_o that_o purpose_n he_o entertain_v vuruvius_n the_o father_n of_o architecture_n and_o as_o worthy_o to_o be_v imitate_v in_o that_o faculty_n as_o his_o master_n caesar_n be_v in_o feat_n of_o arm_n by_o who_o example_n a_o great_a commander_n may_v learn_v how_o much_o it_o import_v the_o eternity_n of_o his_o fame_n to_o beautify_v his_o great_a design_n with_o art_n and_o to_o esteem_v of_o such_o as_o be_v able_a to_o entreat_v the_o mathematical_a muse_n to_o show_v themselves_o under_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o sensible_a form_n which_o albeit_o through_o the_o rudeness_n of_o the_o matter_n fall_v far_o short_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o their_o intellectual_a nature_n yet_o their_o beauty_n express_v such_o a_o majesty_n of_o art_n that_o no_o time_n will_v suffer_v the_o memory_n thereof_o to_o perish_v the_o workmanship_n of_o this_o bridge_n consist_v chief_o in_o the_o oblique_a situation_n of_o the_o double_a post_n whereof_o the_o first_o order_n bend_v with_o the_o stream_n and_o the_o low_a rank_n against_o the_o stream_n when_o they_o come_v to_o be_v couple_v together_o with_o overthwart_a beam_n which_o be_v fasten_v in_o the_o couple_n with_o brace_n which_o he_o name_v fibulas_fw-la the_o more_o violent_a the_o stream_n fall_v upon_o the_o work_n the_o fast_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o building_n be_v unite_v as_o may_v better_o appear_v by_o a_o model_n of_o that_o make_n then_o can_v be_v express_v by_o any_o circumstance_n of_o word_n i_o may_v hence_o take_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o diversity_n of_o bridge_n and_o of_o the_o practice_n which_o antiquity_n have_v devise_v to_o transport_v army_n over_o river_n but_o inasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v a_o common_a subject_n for_o all_o that_o undertake_v this_o military_a task_n machin_n and_o have_v be_v handle_v by_o lapsius_fw-la upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o bridge_n i_o will_v refer_v the_o reader_n to_o that_o place_n and_o only_o note_v the_o singular_a disposition_n of_o this_o action_n inasmuch_o as_o caesar_n make_v the_o mean_n correspondent_a to_o that_o end_n which_o he_o intend_v for_o consider_v that_o the_o chief_a end_n of_o his_o passage_n be_v to_o let_v the_o german_n understand_v that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v not_o bound_v with_o the_o rhine_n and_o that_o a_o river_n can_v not_o so_o separate_v their_o territory_n but_o that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o join_v both_o the_o continent_n together_o and_o make_v a_o common_a roadway_n where_o it_o seem_v most_o unpassable_a he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o pass_v over_o his_o army_n by_o a_o bridge_n that_o so_o the_o german_n may_v know_v the_o power_n of_o his_o force_n and_o also_o conceit_n their_o territory_n as_o unite_v unto_o gallia_n or_o to_o be_v unite_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o roman_n with_o a_o firm_a isthmus_n and_o plain_a passage_n by_o foot_n which_o in_o time_n past_a have_v always_o be_v separate_v by_o a_o mighty_a river_n neither_o will_v a_o transportation_n by_o boat_n have_v wrought_v that_o effect_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o daily_a use_n thereof_o be_v so_o familiar_a to_o the_o german_n that_o it_o nothing_o alter_v their_o imagination_n of_o a_o unaccessible_a passage_n but_o when_o they_o see_v so_o strange_a a_o thing_n attempt_v and_o so_o sudden_o perform_v they_o will_v easy_o understand_v that_o they_o be_v not_o so_o far_o off_o but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v overtake_v and_o so_o direct_v their_o demeanour_n according_o let_v this_o suffice_v therefore_o to_o prove_v that_o a_o passage_n over_o a_o river_n by_o a_o bridge_n be_v more_o honourable_a safe_a and_o of_o great_a terror_n to_o the_o enemy_n than_o any_o other_o way_n that_o can_v be_v devise_v especial_o if_o the_o river_n carry_v any_o depth_n such_o as_o the_o rhine_n be_v otherwise_o if_o it_o have_v either_o shallows_o or_o ford_n whereby_o man_n may_v wade_v over_o without_o any_o great_a encumbrance_n it_o be_v but_o loâ—â—_n labour_n to_o stand_v about_o a_o bridge_n but_o rather_o to_o think_v of_o it_o as_o of_o a_o place_n encumber_v with_o such_o hindrance_n as_o man_n often_o meet_v with_o in_o a_o march_n chap._n vii_o caesar_n take_v revenge_n upon_o the_o sicambri_n give_v liberty_n to_o the_o ubii_n and_o return_v again_o into_o gallia_n the_o sicambri_n understanding_n that_o caesar_n be_v make_v a_o bridge_n over_o the_o rhine_n caesar_n prepare_v themselves_o to_o fly_v and_o at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o usipetes_n &_o tenchtheri_n forsake_v their_o country_n and_o convey_v themselves_o and_o their_o possession_n into_o wood_n and_o solitary_a desert_n caesar_n continue_v a_o few_o day_n in_o their_o quarter_n have_v set_v on_o fire_n their_o village_n and_o house_n and_o burn_v up_o their_o corn_n and_o provision_n come_v to_o the_o ubii_n promise_v they_o aid_n against_o the_o suevi_n by_o who_o he_o understand_v that_o assoon_o as_o the_o suevi_n have_v intelligence_n that_o he_o go_v about_o to_o make_v a_o bridge_n call_v a_o council_n according_a to_o their_o manner_n they_o send_v unto_o all_o quarter_n of_o their_o state_n that_o they_o shall_v forsake_v their_o town_n and_o carry_v their_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o all_o that_o they_o have_v into_o the_o wood_n and_o that_o all_o that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n shall_v make_v head_n in_o one_o place_n which_o they_o appoint_v to_o be_v the_o midst_n of_o their_o country_n and_o there_o they_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v resolve_v in_o that_o place_n to_o give_v they_o battle_n which_o when_o caesar_n understand_v have_v end_v all_o those_o thing_n in_o regard_n whereof_o he_o come_v into_o germany_n which_o be_v chief_o to_o terrify_v the_o german_n to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o the_o sicambri_n to_o set_v the_o ubii_n at_o liberty_n have_v spend_v in_o all_o eighteen_o day_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n and_o do_v enough_o as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o own_o honour_n as_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonweal_n he_o return_v into_o gallia_n and_o break_v up_o the_o bridge_n chap._n viii_o caesar_n think_v of_o a_o voyage_n into_o brittany_n he_o enquire_v of_o merchant_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o that_o people_n although_o the_o summer_n be_v almost_o spend_v caesar_n and_o that_o in_o those_o part_v the_o winter_n hasten_v on_o a_o pace_n inasmuch_o as_o all_o gallia_n incline_v to_o the_o north_n notwithstanding_o he_o resolve_v to_o go_v over_o into_o brittany_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o understand_v that_o in_o all_o the_o former_a war_n of_o gallia_n the_o enemy_n have_v receive_v most_o of_o their_o supply_n from_o thence_o and_o although_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o finish_v that_o war_n yet_o he_o think_v it_o will_v be_v to_o good_a purpose_n if_o he_o go_v only_o to_o view_v the_o island_n to_o understand_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o to_o know_v their_o coast_n their_o port_n and_o their_o landing-place_n whereof_o the_o gall_n be_v altogether_o ignorant_a for_o seldom_o any_o man_n but_o merchant_n do_v travel_v unto_o they_o neither_o have_v they_o discover_v any_o thing_n but_o the_o sea-coast_n and_o those_o region_n which_o be_v opposite_a unto_o gallia_n and_o therefore_o call_v merchant_n together_o from_o all_o quarter_n he_o neither_o can_v understand_v of_o what_o quantity_n the_o island_n be_v what_o nation_n or_o what_o power_n they_o be_v that_o inhabit_v â—t_a what_o use_n or_o experience_n of_o war_n they_o have_v what_o law_n or_o custom_n they_o use_v nor_o what_o haven_n they_o have_v to_o receive_v a_o navy_n of_o great_a ship_n observation_n as_o the_o german_n have_v oftentimes_o stir_v up_o motion_n of_o rebellion_n among_o the_o gall_n by_o send_v their_o superfluous_a multitude_n into_o their_o kingdom_n so_o the_o britan_n have_v uphold_v most_o of_o their_o war_n by_o furnish_v they_o with_o such_o supply_v as_o from_o time_n to_o time_n they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o so_o that_o if_o caesar_n or_o the_o roman_a people_n will_v rest_v secure_a of_o their_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a government_n in_o gallia_n as_o they_o have_v chastise_v the_o insolency_n of_o the_o german_n and_o send_v they_o back_o again_o with_o great_a loss_n than_o gain_n so_o be_v it_o necessary_a to_o make_v the_o britan_n know_v that_o their_o assistance_n in_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n will_v draw_v more_o business_n upon_o they_o then_o they_o be_v well_o able_a to_o manage_v for_o as_o
imperator_n upon_o a_o due_a and_o full_a victory_n chap._n xi_o the_o britan_n make_v peace_n with_o caesar_n but_o break_v it_o again_o upon_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o roman_a ship_v the_o britan_n be_v overthrow_v in_o this_o battle_n caesar_n assoon_o as_o they_o have_v recover_v their_o safety_n by_o flight_n they_o present_o dispatch_v messenger_n to_o caesar_n to_o entreat_v for_o peace_n promise_v hostage_n and_o obedience_n in_o whatsoever_o he_o command_v and_o with_o these_o ambassador_n return_v comius_n of_o arras_n who_o caesar_n have_v send_v before_o into_o brittany_n and_o who_o the_o britan_n at_o his_o first_o land_n with_o caesar_n mandate_n have_v seize_v upon_o and_o throw_v into_o prison_n but_o after_o the_o battle_n they_o release_v he_o and_o become_v now_o suitor_n for_o peace_n throw_v all_o the_o blame_n thereof_o upon_o the_o multitude_n excuse_v themselves_o as_o ignorant_a of_o it_o and_o so_o desire_v to_o be_v pardon_v caesar_n complain_v that_o whereas_o they_o send_v unto_o he_o into_o gallia_n to_o desire_v peace_n notwithstanding_o at_o his_o come_n they_o make_v war_n against_o he_o without_o any_o cause_n or_o reason_n at_o all_o but_o excuse_v it_o by_o their_o ignorance_n he_o command_v hostage_n to_o be_v deliver_v unto_o he_o which_o they_o present_o perform_v in_o part_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v to_o be_v set_v further_o off_o they_o promise_v shall_v likewise_o be_v render_v within_o a_o short_a time_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o they_o command_v their_o people_n to_o return_v to_o their_o possession_n and_o their_o ruler_n and_o prince_n come_v out_o of_o all_o quarter_n to_o commend_v themselves_o and_o their_o state_n to_o caesar_n the_o peace_n be_v thus_o conclude_v four_o day_n after_o that_o caesar_n come_v into_o brittany_n the_o eighteen_o ship_n which_o be_v appoint_v for_o the_o horseman_n put_v out_o to_o sea_n with_o a_o gentle_a wind_n and_o approach_v so_o near_o the_o coast_n of_o brittany_n that_o they_o be_v within_o view_n of_o the_o roman_a camp_n there_o arise_v such_o a_o sudden_a tempest_n that_o none_o of_o they_o be_v able_a to_o hold_v their_o course_n but_o some_o of_o they_o return_v to_o the_o port_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v other_o some_o be_v cast_v upon_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o island_n which_o lie_v to_o the_o westward_o and_o there_o cast_v anchor_n take_v in_o so_o much_o water_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o commit_v themselves_o again_o to_o the_o sea_n and_o direct_v their_o course_n to_o the_o coast_n of_o gallia_n the_o same_o night_n it_o happen_v that_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o full_a the_o tide_n be_v very_o high_a in_o those_o sea_n whereof_o the_o roman_n be_v altogether_o ignorant_a both_o the_o galley_n that_o transport_v the_o army_n which_o be_v draw_v up_o upon_o the_o shore_n be_v fill_v with_o the_o tide_n and_o the_o ship_n of_o burden_n that_o lie_v at_o anchor_n be_v shake_v with_o the_o tempest_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o help_n to_o be_v give_v unto_o they_o so_o that_o many_o of_o they_o be_v rend_v and_o split_v in_o piece_n and_o the_o rest_n lose_v both_o their_o anchour_n cable_n and_o other_o tackle_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n become_v altogether_o unserviceable_a where_o at_o the_o whole_a army_n be_v exceed_o trouble_v for_o there_o be_v no_o other_o ship_v to_o recarry_v they_o back_o again_o neither_o have_v they_o any_o necessary_n to_o new_a furnish_v the_o old_a and_o every_o man_n know_v that_o they_o must_v needs_o winter_n in_o gallia_n forasmuch_o as_o there_o be_v no_o provision_n of_o corn_v those_o place_n where_o they_o be_v which_o thing_n be_v know_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o brittany_n that_o be_v assemble_v to_o confer_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o caesar_n have_v command_v they_o to_o perform_v when_o they_o understand_v that_o the_o roman_n want_v both_o their_o horseman_n ship_v and_o provision_n of_o corn_n and_o conjecture_v of_o the_o paucity_n of_o their_o force_n by_o the_o small_a circuit_n of_o their_o camp_n that_o which_o make_v it_o of_o less_o compass_n then_o usual_a be_v that_o caâ—sar_n have_v transport_v his_o soldier_n without_o such_o necessary_a carriage_n as_o they_o use_v to_o take_v with_o they_o they_o think_v it_o their_o best_a course_n to_o rebel_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o roman_n from_o corn_n and_o convoy_n of_o provision_n and_o so_o prolong_v the_o matter_n until_o winter_n come_v on_o for_o they_o think_v that_o if_o these_o be_v once_o overthrow_v and_o cut_v off_o from_o return_v into_o gallia_n never_o any_o man_n will_v afterward_o adventure_v to_o bring_v a_o army_n into_o brittany_n therefore_o they_o conspire_v again_o the_o second_o time_n and_o convey_v themselves_o by_o stealth_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o get_v their_o man_n privy_o out_o of_o the_o field_n to_o make_v head_n in_o some_o convenient_a place_n against_o the_o roman_n the_o first_o observation_n concern_v the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o cause_n thereof_o it_o have_v already_o be_v handle_v in_o the_o second_o book_n to_o which_o i_o will_v add_v thus_o much_o as_o may_v serve_v to_o show_v how_o the_o roman_n become_v so_o ignorant_a of_o the_o springtide_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o full_a and_o new_a of_o the_o moon_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o motion_n of_o this_o watery_a element_n be_v altogether_o direct_v by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o moon_n wherein_o she_o exercise_v her_o regency_n according_a as_o she_o find_v the_o matter_n qualify_v for_o her_o influence_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o all_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o such_o gulf_n as_o be_v enclose_v in_o sinâ—es_n and_o bosom_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v both_o abridge_v of_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o course_n and_o through_o the_o smallnesse_n of_o their_o quantity_n be_v not_o so_o capable_a of_o celestial_a power_n as_o the_o ocean_n itself_o it_o consequent_o follow_v that_o the_o tuscan_a sea_n wherewith_o the_o roman_n be_v chief_o acquaint_v be_v not_o so_o answerable_a in_o effect_n to_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o moon_n as_o the_o main_a sea_n who_o bound_n be_v range_v in_o a_o more_o spacious_a circuit_n and_o through_o the_o plenteous_a abundance_n of_o his_o part_n better_a answer_v the_o virtue_n of_o the_o moon_n the_o ocean_n therefore_o be_v thus_o obedient_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n take_v her_o course_n of_o slow_v from_o the_o north_n fall_v with_o such_o a_o current_n between_o the_o orcades_n and_o the_o main_a of_o norvegia_n that_o she_o fill_v our_o channel_n between_o england_n and_o france_n with_o great_a swell_a tide_n and_o make_v her_o motion_n more_o eminent_a in_o these_o quarter_n then_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o hence_o it_o happen_v that_o our_o river_n of_o thames_n lie_v with_o her_o mouth_n so_o ready_a to_o receive_v the_o tide_n as_o it_o come_v and_o have_v withal_o a_o plain_a level_v belly_n and_o a_o very_a small_a fresh_a current_n take_v the_o tide_n as_o far_o into_o the_o land_n as_o any_o other_o know_v river_n of_o europe_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n the_o roman_n be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o springtide_n in_o the_o full_a of_o the_o moon_n the_o second_o observation_n such_o as_o either_o by_o their_o own_o experience_n or_o otherwise_o by_o observation_n of_o that_o which_o history_n record_v be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o government_n of_o commonweal_n be_v not_o ignorant_a with_o what_o difficulty_n a_o nation_n that_o either_o have_v long_o live_v in_o liberty_n or_o be_v govern_v by_o commander_n of_o their_o own_o choose_n be_v make_v subject_n to_o the_o yoke_n of_o bondage_n or_o reduce_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o a_o stranger_n for_o as_o we_o be_v apt_a by_o a_o natural_a inclination_n to_o civil_a society_n so_o by_o the_o same_o nature_n we_o desire_v a_o free_a disposition_n of_o ourselves_o and_o possession_n as_o the_o chief_a end_n of_o the_o say_a society_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o government_n of_o a_o subdue_a state_n what_o loss_n or_o disadvantage_n happen_v to_o the_o victor_n or_o how_o indirect_o soever_o it_o concern_v the_o bond_n of_o their_o thraldom_n the_o captive_a people_n behold_v it_o as_o a_o part_n of_o their_o adversary_n overthrow_v and_o conceive_v thereupon_o such_o spirit_n as_o answer_v the_o greatness_n of_o their_o hope_n and_o sort_n with_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o will_n which_o always_o make_v that_o seem_v easy_a to_o be_v effect_v which_o it_o desire_v and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o the_o britan_n alter_v their_o resolution_n of_o peace_n upon_o the_o loss_n which_o the_o roman_n have_v receive_v in_o their_o ship_n chap._n xii_o caesar_n new_a triâ—ameth_v his_o late_a shake_a navy_n the_o britan_n set_v upon_o the_o roman_n as_o they_o harve_v but_o be_v put_v off_o by_o caesar_n
government_n cicero_n and_o therefore_o cato_n name_v it_o the_o prerogative_n of_o a_o triumph_n and_o livy_n in_o his_o 26_o book_n say_v that_o it_o be_v long_o dispute_v on_o in_o the_o senate_n how_o they_o can_v deny_v one_o that_o be_v there_o present_a to_o triumph_v who_o absence_n they_o have_v honour_v with_o supplication_n and_o thanksgiving_n to_o the_o god_n for_o thing_n happy_o effect_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o ceremony_n be_v that_o after_o the_o magistrate_n have_v public_o proclaim_v it_o with_o this_o form_n or_o stile_n quod_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o feliciter_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la administrasset_fw-la that_o he_o have_v happy_o and_o successful_o administer_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o common-weal_n the_o roman_a people_n clothe_v in_o white_a garment_n and_o crown_v with_o garland_n go_v to_o all_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o god_n and_o there_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o gratulate_v the_o victory_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o general_n in_o which_o time_n they_o be_v forbid_v all_o other_o business_n but_o that_o which_o pertain_v to_o this_o solemnity_n it_o seem_v that_o this_o time_n of_o supplication_n be_v at_o first_o include_v within_o one_o or_o two_o day_n at_o the_o most_o as_o appear_v by_o livy_n in_o his_o three_o book_n where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o victory_n gain_v by_o two_o several_a battle_n be_v spiteful_o shut_v up_o by_o the_o senate_n in_o one_o day_n supplication_n the_o people_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n keep_v the_o next_o day_n holy_a and_o celebrate_v it_o with_o great_a devotion_n than_o the_o former_a upon_o the_o victory_n which_o camillus_n have_v against_o the_o veii_n there_o be_v grant_v four_o day_n of_o supplication_n to_o which_o there_o be_v afterward_o a_o day_n add_v which_o be_v the_o usual_a time_n of_o supplication_n unto_o the_o time_n that_o pompey_n end_v the_o war_n which_o they_o call_v mithridaticum_n when_o the_o usual_a time_n of_o five_o day_n be_v double_v and_o make_v ten_o and_o in_o the_o second_o of_o these_o commentary_n make_v fifteen_o and_o now_o bring_v to_o twenty_o day_n which_o set_v forth_o the_o incitement_n and_o reward_n of_o well_o do_v which_o the_o roman_n propound_v both_o at_o home_n &_o abroad_o to_o such_o as_o endeavour_v to_o enlarge_v their_o empire_n or_o manage_v a_o charge_n to_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o commonwealth_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o four_o commentary_n the_o five_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n caesar_n cause_v a_o great_a navy_n to_o be_v build_v in_o gallia_n he_o carry_v five_o legion_n into_o brittany_n where_o he_o make_v war_n with_o the_o britan_n on_o both_o side_n the_o river_n thames_n at_o his_o return_n into_o gallia_n most_o of_o the_o gall_n revolt_n and_o first_o the_o eburones_n under_o the_o conduction_n of_o ambiorix_n set_v upon_o the_o camp_n of_o q._n titurius_n the_o legate_n who_o they_o circumvent_v by_o subtlety_n and_o then_o besiege_v the_o camp_n of_o cicero_n but_o be_v put_v by_o and_o their_o army_n overthrow_v by_o caesar_n chap._n i._n caesar_n return_v into_o gallia_n find_v there_o great_a store_n of_o ship_v make_v by_o the_o soldier_n and_o command_v it_o to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o haven_n itius_n lucius_n domitius_n and_o appius_n claudius_n be_v consul_n caesar_n at_o his_o go_v into_o italy_n from_o his_o winter-quarter_n which_o he_o yearly_o do_v give_v order_n to_o the_o legate_n to_o build_v as_o many_o ship_n that_o winter_n as_o possible_o they_o can_v &_o to_o repair_v the_o old_a command_v they_o to_o be_v build_v of_o a_o low_a pitch_n than_o those_o which_o be_v use_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n for_o the_o speedy_a lade_n and_o unlade_v of_o they_o and_o because_o the_o tide_n in_o these_o sea_n be_v very_o great_a and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v to_o transport_v great_a store_n of_o horse_n he_o command_v they_o to_o be_v make_v flatter_v in_o the_o bottom_n than_o such_o as_o be_v usual_a in_o other_o place_n and_o all_o of_o they_o to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o use_n of_o oar_n to_o which_o purpose_n their_o low_a building_n serve_v very_o convenient_o other_o necessary_n and_o furniture_n for_o rig_v he_o give_v order_n to_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o spain_n caesar_n after_o a_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n in_o lombardy_n go_v present_o into_o illyricum_n where_o he_o hear_v that_o the_o pirustae_n infest_a the_o province_n by_o their_o incursion_n assoon_o as_o he_o come_v thither_o he_o levy_v soldier_n and_o appoint_v they_o a_o rendezvous_n which_o the_o pirustae_n hear_v of_o they_o send_v ambassador_n present_o to_o he_o excuse_v the_o business_n as_o not_o do_v by_o public_a consent_n and_o express_v a_o readiness_n to_o make_v any_o satisfaction_n that_o shall_v be_v demand_v caesar_n have_v hear_v their_o message_n appoint_v they_o to_o give_v hostage_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o by_o such_o a_o day_n or_o else_o they_o must_v expect_v notb_v but_o war_n and_o ruin_n to_o their_o city_n hostage_n be_v bring_v by_o the_o appoint_a time_n whereupon_o caesar_n depute_v certain_a to_o arbitrate_v difference_n between_o the_o city_n and_o to_o punish_v as_o they_o see_v cause_n for_o it_o these_o thing_n be_v over_o he_o return_v forthwith_o into_o lombardy_n and_o thence_o to_o his_o army_n in_o gallia_n the_o observation_n this_o itius_n portus_n floide_v think_v to_o be_v calais_n other_o take_v it_o to_o be_v saint_n omer_n partly_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n which_o be_v in_o itself_o very_o low_o have_v notwithstanding_o very_o high_a bank_n which_o encompass_v the_o town_n about_o and_o in_o time_n past_a be_v a_o very_a large_a haven_n to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v the_o distance_n from_o this_o town_n to_o the_o next_o continent_n of_o the_o island_n of_o brittany_n which_o strabo_n make_v to_o contain_v 320._o stadia_fw-la which_o agree_v to_o the_o french_a computation_n of_o 13._o league_n caesar_n make_v it_o thirty_o mile_n this_o be_v the_o haven_n which_o pliny_n call_v britannicum_fw-la portum_fw-la morinorum_n chap._n ii_o caesar_n prevent_v new_a motion_n among_o the_o treviri_n and_o go_v to_o his_o navy_n dumnorix_n refuse_v to_o accompany_v he_o into_o britain_n his_o flight_n and_o death_n caesar_n leave_v soldier_n enough_o to_o do_v that_o business_n himself_o march_v with_o four_o legion_n and_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o treviri_n in_o regard_n they_o neither_o come_v to_o the_o assembly_n of_o state_n nor_o be_v obedient_a to_o his_o command_n and_o be_v far_o report_v to_o solicit_v the_o german_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n to_o new_a commotion_n this_o city_n be_v the_o most_o powerful_a of_o all_o gallia_n for_o matter_n of_o horse_n have_v likewise_o a_o great_a force_n of_o foot_n and_o lie_v so_o convenient_o upon_o the_o rhine_n for_o assistance_n wherein_o there_o be_v at_o thâ—s_n time_n a_o contention_n betwixt_o induciomarus_n and_o cingetorix_n who_o shall_v be_v chief_a ruler_n cingetorix_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o hear_v of_o the_o come_n of_o caesar_n with_o his_o army_n come_v in_o to_o he_o assure_v he_o of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o his_o party_n and_o their_o constancy_n to_o the_o friendship_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n discover_v withal_o unto_o he_o the_o present_a proceed_n among_o the_o treviri_n on_o the_o contrary_a induciomarus_n gather_v together_o what_o horse_n and_o foot_n he_o can_v resolve_v upon_o nothing_o else_o then_o war_n secure_v all_o the_o old_a and_o young_a folk_n not_o fit_a to_o bear_v arm_n in_o the_o wood_n arduenna_n which_o be_v a_o very_a large_a wood_n begin_v at_o the_o rhine_n and_o run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o treviri_n to_o the_o border_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rheims_n while_o thing_n be_v thus_o prepare_v divers_a of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o city_n some_o through_o the_o favour_n they_o bear_v to_o cingetorix_n other_o affright_v at_o the_o come_n of_o our_o army_n come_v forth_o to_o caesar_n and_o since_o they_o can_v not_o do_v it_o for_o the_o whole_a city_n they_o endeavour_v to_o make_v every_o man_n his_o own_o peace_n induciomarus_n see_v this_o and_o fear_v to_o be_v leave_v at_o last_o alone_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n excuse_v what_o he_o have_v do_v in_o not_o come_v to_o he_o which_o he_o saâ—d_v be_v do_v only_o to_o keep_v the_o city_n the_o better_a in_o obedience_n for_o if_o all_o the_o nobility_n shall_v have_v leave_v it_o the_o common_a people_n will_v have_v be_v apt_a to_o have_v make_v new_a trouble_n that_o the_o city_n be_v now_o at_o his_o command_n and_o if_o caesar_n will_v give_v leave_n he_o be_v ready_a to_o wait_v upon_o he_o in_o his_o camp_n and_o to_o lay_v the_o life_n and_o fortune_n of_o himself_o and_o the_o whole_a city_n at_o his_o foot_n caesar_n albeit_o he_o well_o know_v
the_o roman_n and_o to_o give_v they_o battle_n but_o be_v beat_v back_o with_o our_o horseman_n they_o convey_v themselves_o into_o a_o wood_n the_o place_n be_v strong_o fortify_v both_o by_o art_n and_o nature_n and_o make_v for_o a_o defence_n as_o it_o seem_v in_o their_o civil_a war_n for_o all_o the_o entrance_n be_v shut_v up_o with_o great_a tree_n lay_v overthwart_o the_o passage_n and_o the_o britan_n show_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o wood_n but_o here_o and_o there_o not_o suffer_v the_o roman_n to_o enter_v the_o fortification_n but_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o seven_o legion_n with_o a_o testudo_fw-la which_o they_o make_v and_o a_o mount_n which_o they_o raise_v take_v the_o place_n and_o drive_v they_o all_o out_o of_o the_o wood_n without_o any_o loss_n at_o all_o save_v some_o few_o wound_n which_o they_o receive_v but_o caesar_n forbid_v his_o man_n to_o follow_v after_o they_o with_o any_o long_a pursuit_n because_o he_o be_v both_o ignorant_a of_o the_o place_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o day_n be_v spend_v he_o will_v employ_v the_o rest_n thereof_o in_o the_o fortification_n of_o his_o camp_n observation_n caesar_n have_v take_v what_o assurace_n of_o peace_n he_o can_v with_o the_o gall_n both_o by_o carry_v the_o chief_a of_o their_o prince_n with_o he_o and_o by_o leave_v three_o legion_n in_o the_o continent_n to_o keep_v the_o vulgar_a people_n in_o obedience_n he_o embark_v all_o his_o man_n at_o one_o place_n that_o they_o may_v be_v all_o partaker_n of_o the_o same_o casualty_n and_o take_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o same_o adventure_n which_o be_v neglect_v the_o year_n before_o draw_v he_o into_o many_o inconvenience_n for_o want_n of_o horse_n which_o be_v embark_v at_o another_o haven_n meet_v with_o other_o chance_n and_o see_v other_o fortune_n and_o never_o come_v to_o he_o into_o brittany_n the_o place_n of_o land_v in_o this_o second_o voyage_n be_v the_o same_o where_o he_o land_v the_o year_n before_o and_o by_o the_o circumstance_n of_o this_o history_n may_v agree_v with_o that_o which_o tradition_n have_v deliver_v of_o deal_n in_o kent_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o caesar_n land_v in_o the_o first_o year_n we_o find_v that_o he_o never_o remove_v his_o camp_n from_o the_o sea_n shore_n where_o he_o first_o seat_v himself_o although_o his_o man_n go_v out_o to_o bring_v in_o corn_n as_o far_o as_o they_o may_v well_o return_v again_o at_o night_n but_o now_o he_o enter_v further_o into_o the_o island_n and_o within_o twelve_o mile_n march_n come_v unto_o a_o river_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o of_o canterbury_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n at_o sandwich_n in_o that_o he_o say_v that_o the_o garrison_n of_o his_o ship_n consist_v of_o ten_o cohort_n which_o i_o have_v say_v to_o be_v a_o legion_n we_o must_v understand_v that_o caesar_n leave_v not_o a_o entire_a legion_n in_o that_o garrison_n but_o he_o take_v ten_o cohort_n out_o of_o his_o whole_a force_n peradventure_o two_o out_o of_o every_o legion_n and_o appoint_v they_o to_o take_v the_o charge_n of_o his_o ship_n chap._n iu._n caesar_n return_v to_o his_o navy_n to_o take_v order_n for_o such_o loss_n as_o have_v happen_v by_o tempest_n the_o night_n before_o the_o next_o day_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n he_o divide_v his_o force_n into_o three_o company_n caesar_n &_o send_v they_o out_o to_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n but_o before_o they_o have_v march_v any_o far_a distance_n and_o come_v to_o have_v the_o rearward_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o view_n there_o come_v news_n from_o q._n atrius_n with_o who_o he_o leave_v the_o ten_o cohort_n and_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o ship_n that_o the_o night_n before_o there_o be_v such_o a_o tempest_n at_o sea_n that_o the_o whole_a navy_n be_v either_o fore_n beat_v or_o cast_v on_o shore_n and_o that_o neither_o anchor_n nor_o cable_n can_v hold_v they_o nor_o yet_o the_o sailor_n endure_v the_o force_n of_o the_o weather_n and_o that_o there_o be_v great_a loss_n in_o the_o ship_n by_o run_v against_o one_o another_o in_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o tempest_n upon_o these_o news_n caesar_n cause_v the_o legion_n to_o be_v call_v back_o again_o and_o to_o cease_v for_o that_o time_n from_o follow_v the_o enemy_n any_o further_o he_o himself_o return_v to_o the_o navy_n where_o he_o find_v that_o to_o be_v true_a which_o he_o have_v hear_v and_o that_o about_o forty_o ship_n be_v lose_v and_o the_o rest_n not_o to_o be_v repair_v but_o with_o great_a industry_n and_o pain_n first_o therefore_o he_o choose_v shipwrights_a and_o carpenter_n out_o of_o the_o legion_n and_o cause_v other_o to_o be_v send_v for_o out_o of_o gallia_n and_o write_v to_o labienus_n to_o make_v ready_a what_o ship_v he_o can_v and_o although_o it_o seem_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a difficulty_n and_o much_o labour_n yet_o he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o hale_v up_o all_o the_o ship_n on_o shore_n and_o to_o enclose_v they_o within_o the_o fortification_n of_o his_o camp_n in_o this_o business_n he_o spend_v ten_o day_n without_o intermission_n either_o of_o night_n or_o day_n until_o he_o have_v draw_v up_o the_o ship_n and_o strong_o fortify_v the_o camp_n leave_v the_o same_o garrison_n which_o be_v there_o before_o to_o defend_v it_o the_o observation_n wherein_o we_o may_v behold_v the_o true_a image_n of_o undaunted_a valour_n &_o the_o horrible_a industry_n as_o tully_n term_v it_o which_o he_o use_v to_o prevent_v fortune_n of_o her_o stroke_n in_o his_o business_n and_o comprehend_v casualty_n and_o future_a contingent_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o order_n and_o the_o bound_n of_o his_o own_o power_n be_v able_a in_o ten_o day_n space_n to_o set_v almost_o eight_o hundred_o ship_n from_o the_o hazard_n of_o wind_n &_o weather_n &_o to_o make_v his_o camp_n the_o road_n for_o his_o navy_n that_o so_o he_o may_v rest_v secure_a of_o a_o mean_n to_o return_v at_o his_o pleasure_n chap._n v._n the_o britan_n make_v cassivellaunus_n general_n in_o this_o war_n the_o island_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o people_n describe_v caesar_n return_v to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o he_o come_v caesar_n find_v far_o great_a force_n of_o the_o britan_n there_o assemble_v than_o he_o leave_v when_o he_o go_v to_o the_o navy_n and_o that_o by_o public_a consent_n of_o the_o britan_n the_o whole_a government_n of_o that_o war_n be_v give_v to_o cassivellaunus_n who_o kingdom_n lie_v divide_v from_o the_o maritime_a state_n with_o the_o river_n thames_n begin_v at_o the_o sea_n and_o extend_v itself_o four_o score_n mile_n into_o the_o island_n this_o cassivellaunus_n make_v continual_a war_n with_o his_o neighbour_n state_n but_o upon_o the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n they_o all_o forget_v there_o homebred_a quarrel_n and_o cast_v the_o whole_a government_n upon_o his_o shoulder_n as_o the_o fit_a to_o direct_v in_o that_o war_n the_o inner_a part_n of_o brittany_n be_v inhabit_v by_o such_o as_o memory_n record_v to_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o island_n and_o the_o maritime_a coast_n by_o such_o as_o come_v out_o of_o belgia_n either_o to_o make_v incursion_n or_o invasion_n and_o after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v they_o continue_v in_o the_o possession_n they_o have_v gain_v and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o city_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v the_o country_n be_v very_o populous_a and_o well_o inhabit_v with_o house_n much_o like_a unto_o they_o in_o gallia_n they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o cattle_n and_o use_v brass_n for_o money_n or_o iron_n ring_v weigh_v at_o a_o certain_a rate_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n there_o be_v find_v great_a quantity_n of_o tyn_n and_o in_o the_o maritime_a part_n iron_z but_o they_o have_v but_o little_a of_o that_o their_o brass_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o other_o nation_n they_o have_v all_o sort_n of_o tree_n that_o they_o have_v in_o gallia_n except_v the_o fig_n and_o the_o beech._n their_o religion_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o eat_v either_o hare_n hen_n or_o goose_n notwithstanding_o they_o have_v of_o all_o sort_n as_o well_o for_o novelty_n as_o variety_n the_o country_n be_v more_o temperate_a and_o not_o so_o cold_a as_o gallia_n the_o island_n lie_v trianglewise_a whereof_o one_o side_n confront_v gallia_n of_o which_o side_n that_o angle_n wherein_o kent_n be_v the_o usual_a place_n of_o land_v from_o gallia_n point_v to_o the_o east_n and_o the_o other_o angle_n to_o the_o south_n this_o side_n contain_v about_o 500_o mile_n another_o side_n lie_v towards_o spain_n and_o the_o west_n that_o way_n where_o ireland_n lie_v be_v a_o island_n half_a as_o big_a as_o england_n and_o as_o far_o distant_a from_o it_o as_o gallia_n in_o the_o midway_n between_o england_n and_o ireland_n lie_v a_o island_n call_v
as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v set_v afloat_a in_o regard_n partly_o of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o prisoner_n he_o have_v and_o that_o some_o of_o his_o ship_n be_v cast_v away_o he_o determine_v to_o carry_v his_o army_n over_o at_o twice_o and_o so_o it_o happen_v that_o of_o so_o great_a a_o fleet_n at_o so_o many_o voyage_n neither_o this_o year_n nor_o the_o year_n before_o there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o ship_n miss_v which_o carry_v over_o our_o soldier_n only_o of_o those_o which_o be_v to_o be_v send_v back_o to_o he_o after_o they_o have_v land_v the_o first_o half_a and_o those_o which_o labienus_n cause_v afterward_o to_o be_v make_v threescore_o in_o number_n few_o can_v make_v to_o the_o place_n the_o rest_n be_v all_o keep_v back_o which_o caesar_n have_v for_o some_o time_n expect_v in_o vain_a and_o fear_v that_o the_o time_n of_o year_n will_v not_o long_o serve_v for_o sail_v for_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v at_o hand_n be_v force_v to_o dispose_v his_o soldier_n close_o and_o in_o less_o room_n so_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o a_o calm_a sea_n he_o set_v sail_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o second_o watch_n and_o come_v to_o land_n by_o break_n of_o day_n his_o whole_a fleet_n arrive_v in_o safety_n observation_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o war_n in_o brittany_n which_o afford_v little_a matter_n of_o discourse_n be_v indeed_o but_o a_o scamble_a war_n as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o britan_n themselves_o who_o after_o they_o have_v feel_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o roman_a legion_n will_v never_o adventure_v to_o buckle_v with_o they_o in_o any_o stand_a battle_n as_o also_o in_o regard_n there_o be_v no_o such_o town_n in_o brittany_n as_o be_v record_v to_o have_v be_v in_o gallia_n which_o may_v have_v give_v great_a honour_n to_o the_o war_n if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o such_o to_o have_v be_v besiege_v and_o take_v in_o by_o caesar_n and_o although_o tacitus_n say_v that_o brittany_n be_v rather_o view_v then_o subdue_v by_o caesar_n be_v desirous_a to_o draw_v that_o honour_n to_o his_o father_n in_o law_n agricola_n yet_o we_o find_v here_o that_o the_o trinobantes_n which_o be_v more_o than_o either_o the_o skirt_n or_o the_o heart_n of_o brittany_n for_o our_o historian_n do_v understand_v they_o to_o have_v inhabit_v that_o part_n which_o lie_v as_o far_o as_o yorkshire_n and_o lancashire_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o roman_a empire_n by_o caesar_n who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o lay_v tribute_n upon_o brittany_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n or_o cast_v upon_o they_o the_o heavy_a name_n of_o a_o subdue_a people_n the_o second_o observation_n but_o lest_o i_o may_v seem_v negligent_a in_o these_o occurrence_n of_o brittany_n as_o not_o deem_v the_o alteration_n happen_v in_o this_o island_n by_o the_o power_n of_o rome_n worthy_a due_a memory_n i_o will_v brief_o set_v down_o the_o state_n thereof_o from_o this_o area_n during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o twelve_o emperor_n julius_n caesar_n next_o successor_n first_o augustus_n and_o then_o tiberius_n think_v it_o policy_n to_o restrain_v the_o infinite_a desire_n of_o enlarge_n the_o roman_a empire_n &_o so_o leave_v this_o entrance_n into_o brittany_n unseconded_a caius_n be_v say_v to_o have_v have_v a_o meaning_n to_o invade_v it_o but_o do_v nothing_o claudius_n transport_v legion_n and_o aide_n and_o first_o send_v aulus_n plautius_n governor_n and_o after_o he_o ostorius_n who_o overthrow_v king_n caradocus_n in_o battle_n and_o show_v he_o at_o rome_n to_o claudius_n to_o agrippina_n annal._n and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o senate_n who_o affirm_v the_o sight_n to_o be_v no_o less_o honourable_a than_o when_o p._n scipio_n show_v sâ—phaces_v or_o l._n paulus_n perses_n he_o didius_n gallus_n succeed_v who_o be_v old_a and_o full_a of_o honour_n think_v it_o sufficient_a to_o keep_v that_o which_o his_o predecessor_n have_v get_v next_o unto_o didius_n come_v veranius_n only_o memorable_a in_o die_v the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o propraetorship_n but_o suetonius_n paulinus_n follow_v get_v a_o great_a name_n first_o by_o invade_v anglesey_n strong_a with_o inhabitant_n and_o a_o receptacle_n for_o fugitive_n second_o by_o overthrow_v boadicea_n queen_n of_o the_o iceni_n in_o a_o battle_n comparable_a to_o the_o victory_n of_o old_a time_n wherein_o fourscore_o thousand_o britan_n be_v slay_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o four_o hundred_o roman_a soldier_n but_o be_v think_v to_o be_v oversevere_a he_o leave_v his_o charge_n to_o petronius_n turpilianus_n who_o compose_v former_a trouble_n with_o a_o mild_a carriage_n be_v succeed_v by_o trebellius_n maximus_n who_o easy_a course_n of_o government_n teach_v the_o britan_n good_a manner_n and_o make_v the_o soldier_n first_o wanton_a with_o ease_n and_o then_o mutinous_a which_o by_o his_o gentle_a entreaty_n be_v end_v without_o bloodshed_n he_o leave_v his_o place_n to_o vectius_n bolanus_n of_o like_a looseness_n of_o discipline_n but_o in_o stead_n of_o obedience_n get_v much_o good_a will_n the_o error_n of_o these_o three_o soft_a propraetor_n be_v holpen_v by_o petilius_n caerealis_n a_o great_a commander_n and_o worthy_a his_o place_n he_o subdue_v the_o brigantes_n and_o leave_v the_o place_n to_o julius_n frontinus_n who_o with_o no_o less_o happiness_n vanquish_v the_o silures_n the_o last_o be_v agricola_n fortunate_a in_o divers_a battle_n against_o the_o britan_n and_o as_o unhappy_a in_o his_o reward_n for_o domitian_n malign_v his_o honour_n first_o discharge_v he_o of_o his_o place_n and_o then_o as_o it_o be_v think_v poison_v he_o and_o this_o be_v the_o state_n of_o brittany_n under_o the_o twelve_o emperor_n chap._n ix_o caesar_n dispose_v his_o legion_n into_o their_o winter_v camp_n and_o quiet_v the_o carnutes_n after_o he_o have_v put_v his_o ship_n in_o harbour_n caesar_n and_o hold_v a_o council_n of_o the_o gall_n at_o quintin_n samarobrina_n forasmuch_o as_o that_o year_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o drought_n there_o be_v some_o scarcity_n of_o corn_n in_o gallia_n he_o be_v constrain_v to_o garrison_n his_o army_n and_o to_o disperse_v they_o into_o more_o city_n than_o he_o have_v do_v the_o year_n before_o and_o first_o he_o give_v one_o legion_n to_o caius_n fabius_n to_o be_v lead_v among_o the_o morim_n another_o to_o quintus_fw-la cicero_n to_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o nervii_n another_o to_o l._n roscius_n to_o be_v conduct_v to_o the_o essui_n a_o four_o he_o command_v to_o winter_n among_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n in_o the_o march_n of_o the_o treviri_n under_o t._n labienus_n three_o he_o place_v in_o belgium_n with_o who_o he_o send_v mar._n crassus_n his_o quaestor_n l._n munatius_n plancus_n and_o c._n trebonius_n legates_n he_o send_v one_o legion_n that_o which_o he_o have_v last_o enrol_v beyond_o the_o river_n po_n in_o italy_n with_o five_o cohort_n unto_o the_o eburones_n the_o great_a part_n of_o who_o country_n lie_v between_o the_o maze_n and_o the_o rhine_n and_o be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o ambiorix_n and_o cativulcus_n with_o they_o he_o send_v q._n titurius_n sabinus_n and_o lucius_n aurunculeius_n cotta_n by_o distribute_v his_o legion_n in_o this_o manner_n he_o think_v to_o remedy_v the_o scarcity_n of_o corn_n and_o yet_o the_o garrison_n of_o all_o these_o legion_n except_v that_o which_o roscius_n carry_v into_o a_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a part_n be_v contain_v within_o the_o space_n of_o one_o hundred_o mile_n and_o until_o his_o legion_n be_v settle_v and_o their_o winter_v camp_n fortify_v he_o determine_v to_o abide_v in_o gallia_n there_o be_v among_o the_o carnutes_n a_o man_n of_o great_a birth_n call_v tasgetius_n who_o ancestor_n have_v bear_v the_o chief_a rule_n in_o their_o state_n this_o man_n for_o his_o singular_a prowess_n and_o good_a will_n towards_o he_o for_o he_o have_v do_v he_o very_o good_a service_n in_o all_o his_o war_n caesar_z restore_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o his_o forefather_n before_o he_o have_v reign_v three_o year_n his_o enemy_n with_o the_o complotment_n of_o divers_a of_o his_o citizen_n kill_v he_o in_o the_o open_a street_n which_o thing_n be_v complain_v of_o to_o caesar_n who_o fear_v in_o regard_n so_o many_o man_n have_v a_o hand_n in_o it_o lest_o that_o the_o city_n shall_v by_o their_o instigation_n revolt_n command_v l._n plancus_n immediate_o to_o march_v with_o his_o legion_n thither_o from_o his_o quarter_n in_o belgium_n and_o there_o to_o winter_n and_o whosoever_o he_o can_v learn_v to_o be_v the_o ringleader_n in_o the_o death_n of_o tasgetius_n he_o shall_v take_v hold_n of_o they_o and_o send_v they_o to_o he_o mean_a while_n caesar_n have_v notice_n from_o all_o his_o legate_n and_o quaestor_n to_o who_o he_o have_v deliver_v his_o legion_n that_o they_o be_v settle_v in_o winter_n garrison_n and_o
do_v nothing_o of_o himself_o but_o by_o the_o impulsion_n of_o the_o state_n among_o who_o such_o be_v his_o condition_n that_o the_o people_n have_v as_o great_a authority_n over_o he_o as_o he_o himself_o have_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v likewise_o enforce_v to_o this_o war_n because_o they_o can_v not_o withstand_v the_o sudden_a insurrection_n of_o the_o gall_n whereof_o his_o small_a mean_n may_v be_v a_o sufficient_a argument_n for_o his_o experience_n be_v not_o so_o little_a to_o think_v himself_o able_a with_o so_o small_a a_o power_n to_o overthrow_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n but_o it_o be_v a_o general_a appointment_n throughout_o all_o gallia_n upon_o this_o day_n to_o assault_v all_o caesar_n garrison_n to_o the_o end_n that_o one_o legion_n may_v not_o give_v relief_n unto_o another_o gall_n can_v not_o easy_o deny_v the_o request_n of_o gall_n especial_o when_o it_o concern_v their_o public_a liberty_n now_o have_v satisfy_v that_o duty_n which_o he_o owe_v to_o his_o country_n he_o have_v respect_n to_o caesar_n &_o his_o benefit_n in_o regard_n whereof_o he_o admonish_v they_o and_o pray_v titurius_n for_o the_o hospitality_n that_o have_v be_v between_o they_o that_o he_o will_v look_v to_o the_o safety_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o soldier_n there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o german_n that_o have_v already_o pass_v the_o rhine_n and_o will_v be_v here_o within_o two_o day_n and_o therefore_o let_v they_o aduâ—se_n themselves_o whether_o they_o think_v it_o good_a before_o the_o next_o borderer_n perceive_v it_o to_o depart_v with_o their_o soldier_n out_o of_o their_o wintering-place_n either_o to_o cicero_n or_o labienus_n of_o who_o the_o one_o be_v not_o pass_v fifty_o mile_n off_o and_o the_o other_o a_o little_a further_o for_o his_o own_o part_n he_o promise_v they_o thus_o much_o and_o confirm_v it_o by_o oath_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v saâ—e_v passage_n through_o his_o territory_n for_o so_o he_o shall_v both_o do_v a_o pleasure_n to_o his_o country_n in_o disburthen_v it_o of_o garrison_n and_o show_v himself_o thankful_a to_o caesar_n for_o his_o benefit_n this_o speech_n be_v end_v ambiorix_n depart_v and_o carpineius_fw-la and_o junius_n make_v report_v thereof_o to_o the_o legate_n observation_n leander_n his_o counsel_n to_o use_v the_o fox_n skin_n where_o the_o lion_n fail_v do_v show_v that_o the_o discourse_n of_o our_o reason_n be_v soon_o corrupt_v with_o error_n than_o the_o power_n of_o our_o body_n be_v overcome_v with_o force_n for_o oftentimes_o the_o mind_n be_v so_o disquiet_v with_o the_o extremity_n of_o perturbation_n that_o neither_o the_o apprehension_n can_v take_v sound_a instruction_n nor_o the_o judgement_n determine_v of_o that_o which_o be_v most_o for_o our_o good_a but_o according_a as_o any_o passion_n shall_v happen_v to_o reign_v in_o our_o disposition_n so_o be_v we_o carry_v headlong_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o our_o fortune_n without_o sense_n of_o error_n or_o mistrust_v of_o well-succeeding_a whereas_o the_o body_n continue_v firm_a in_o his_o own_o strength_n and_o be_v subject_a only_a to_o a_o great_a weight_n of_o power_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v subdue_v and_o overthrow_v it_o behove_v we_o therefore_o to_o take_v good_a heed_n that_o our_o sure_a hold_n be_v not_o unfastn_v by_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o fox_n when_o it_o have_v continue_v firm_a against_o the_o force_n of_o the_o lion_n and_o that_o the_o treachery_n of_o the_o spirit_n do_v not_o disadvantage_n those_o mean_n which_o either_o our_o own_o power_n or_o opportunity_n have_v gain_v in_o our_o action_n wherein_o a_o commander_n can_v have_v a_o better_a rule_n for_o his_o direction_n then_o to_o beware_v that_o violence_n of_o passion_n do_v not_o hinder_v the_o course_n of_o sound_a deliberation_n and_o withal_o to_o be_v jealous_a of_o whatsoever_o a_o enemy_n shall_v either_o by_o speech_n or_o action_n seem_v to_o thrust_v upon_o he_o how_o colourable_a soever_o the_o reason_n may_v be_v which_o be_v allege_v to_o induce_v he_o thereunto_o for_o first_o if_o the_o mind_n be_v not_o confâ—â—med_v by_o the_o virtue_n of_o her_o better_a faculty_n to_o resist_v the_o motion_n of_o fruitless_a apprehension_n it_o may_v easy_o be_v seduce_v either_o by_o fear_n or_o vain_a imagination_n diffident_a conception_n or_o over-easie_a credulity_n with_o many_o other_o such_o disturb_a power_n from_o that_o way_n which_o a_o good_a discretion_n and_o a_o understanding_n free_a from_o passion_n will_v have_v take_v first_o therefore_o i_o hold_v it_o necessary_a to_o have_v the_o consistory_n of_o our_o judgement_n well_o settle_v with_o a_o firm_a resolution_n and_o with_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o mind_n before_o we_o enter_v into_o deliberation_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v make_v happy_a unto_o we_o by_o good_a direction_n and_o then_o this_o among_o other_o circumstance_n will_v give_v some_o help_n to_o a_o good_a conclusion_n when_o we_o consider_v how_o improbable_a it_o be_v that_o a_o enemy_n who_o chief_a care_n be_v to_o weaken_v his_o adversary_n and_o bring_v he_o to_o ruin_v shall_v advise_v he_o of_o any_o thing_n that_o may_v concern_v his_o good_a unless_o the_o profit_n which_o he_o himself_o shall_v thereby_o gather_v do_v far_o exceed_v that_o which_o the_o contrary_a part_n may_v expect_v i_o grant_v that_o in_o civil_a waâ—s_n where_o there_o be_v many_o friend_n on_o either_o party_n and_o have_v the_o adverse_a cause_n as_o dear_a unto_o they_o as_o their_o own_o there_o be_v oftentimes_o many_o advertisement_n give_v which_o proceed_v from_o a_o true_a and_o sincere_a affection_n and_o may_v advantage_v the_o party_n who_o it_o concern_v as_o well_o in_o prevent_v any_o danger_n as_o in_o the_o furtherance_n of_o their_o cause_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o altogether_o to_o be_v neglect_v but_o to_o be_v weigh_v by_o circumstance_n and_o according_o to_o be_v respect_v whereof_o we_o have_v many_o pregnant_a example_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o france_n &_o particular_o in_o monsieur_n lâ—_n noâ—_n his_o discourse_n but_o where_o there_o be_v two_o army_n different_a in_o nation_n language_n and_o humour_n contend_v for_o that_o which_o peculiar_o belong_v unto_o one_o of_o they_o where_o care_n to_o keep_v that_o which_o be_v dear_a unto_o they_o possess_v the_o one_o and_o hope_v of_o gain_n stir_v up_o the_o other_o there_o be_v common_o such_o a_o universal_a hatred_n between_o they_o that_o they_o be_v to_o look_v for_o small_a advantage_n by_o advertisement_n from_o the_o enemy_n which_o if_o the_o roman_n have_v well_o consider_v this_o subtle_a gall_n have_v not_o dispossess_v they_o of_o their_o strength_n nor_o bring_v they_o to_o ruin_v chap._n xi_o the_o roman_n call_v a_o council_n upon_o this_o advertisement_n and_o resolve_v to_o depart_v and_o join_v themselves_o to_o some_o other_o of_o the_o legion_n the_o roman_n be_v trouble_v at_o the_o suddenness_n of_o the_o matter_n caesar_n albeit_o the_o thing_n be_v speak_v by_o a_o enemy_n yet_o they_o think_v they_o no_o way_n to_o be_v neglect_v but_o especial_o it_o move_v they_o for_o that_o it_o be_v incredible_a that_o the_o eburones_n be_v base_a and_o of_o no_o reputation_n dare_v of_o themselves_o make_v war_n against_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o therefore_o they_o propound_v the_o matter_n in_o a_o council_n wherein_o there_o grow_v a_o great_a controversy_n among_o they_o l._n aurunculeius_n and_o most_o of_o the_o tribune_n and_o centurion_n of_o the_o first_o order_n think_v it_o not_o good_a to_o conclude_v of_o any_o thing_n rash_o nor_o to_o depart_v out_o of_o their_o wintering-camp_n without_o express_a commandment_n from_o caesar_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v never_o so_o great_a a_o power_n yea_o even_o of_o the_o german_n have_v their_o garririson_n well_o fortify_v a_o argument_n whereof_o be_v that_o they_o have_v valiant_o withstand_v the_o first_o assault_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o give_v they_o many_o wound_n neither_o want_v they_o any_o victual_n and_o before_o that_o provision_n which_o they_o have_v be_v spend_v there_o will_v come_v succour_n from_o other_o garrison_n and_o from_o caesar_n and_o to_o conclude_v what_o be_v more_o dishonourable_a or_o â—avoured_a of_o great_a inconstancy_n then_o to_o consult_v of_o their_o weighty_a affair_n by_o the_o advertisement_n of_o a_o enemy_n titurius_n urge_v vehement_o to_o the_o contrary_a that_o it_o then_o will_v be_v too_o late_o for_o they_o to_o seek_v a_o remedy_n when_o a_o great_a power_n of_o the_o enemy_n accompany_v with_o the_o german_n be_v assemble_v against_o they_o or_o when_o any_o blow_n be_v give_v to_o any_o of_o the_o next_o wintering-camp_n he_o take_v caesar_n to_o be_v go_v into_o italy_n for_o otherwise_o the_o carnutes_n will_v not_o have_v adventure_v to_o kill_v tasgetius_n neither_o dare_v the_o eburones_n have_v
come_v so_o proud_o to_o the_o camp_n let_v they_o not_o respect_v the_o author_n but_o the_o thing_n itself_o the_o rhine_n be_v not_o far_o off_o and_o he_o know_v well_o that_o the_o overthrow_n of_o ariovistus_n and_o their_o former_a victory_n be_v grievous_a to_o the_o german_n the_o gall_n be_v vex_v with_o the_o contumely_n they_o have_v receive_v be_v bring_v in_o subâ—ection_n to_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o have_v lose_v their_o former_a reputation_n in_o deed_n of_o arms._n and_o to_o conclude_v who_o will_v imagine_v that_o ambiorix_n shall_v enterprise_v such_o a_o matter_n without_o any_o ground_n or_o certainty_n thereof_o but_o howsoever_o thing_n stand_v his_o counsel_n be_v sure_a and_o can_v bring_v no_o harm_n for_o if_o there_o be_v no_o worse_a thing_n intend_v they_o shall_v but_o go_v safe_o to_o the_o next_o garrison_n or_o otherwise_o if_o the_o gall_n conspire_v with_o the_o german_n their_o only_a safety_n consist_v in_o celerity_n as_o for_o the_o counsel_n of_o cotta_n and_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n what_o expectation_n can_v be_v have_v thereof_o wherein_o if_o here_o be_v not_o present_a danger_n yet_o assure_o famine_n be_v to_o be_v fear_v by_o long_a siege_n the_o disputation_n be_v thus_o continue_v on_o either_o part_n and_o cotta_n with_o the_o centurion_n of_o the_o first_o order_n earnest_o repugn_v it_o do_v as_o please_v you_o since_o you_o will_v needs_o have_v it_o so_o say_v sabinus_n and_o that_o he_o speak_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o soldier_n may_v well_o hear_v he_o for_o i_o be_o not_o he_o that_o most_o fear_v death_n among_o you_o let_v these_o be_v wise_a and_o if_o any_o mischance_n happen_v unto_o they_o they_o shall_v ask_v account_n thereof_o at_o thy_o hand_n inasmuch_o as_o if_o thou_o will_v let_v they_o they_o may_v join_v themselves_o within_o two_o day_n to_o the_o next_o garrison_n and_o with_o they_o sustain_v what_o chance_n soever_o their_o common_a destiny_n shall_v allot_v they_o and_o not_o perish_v with_o famine_n and_o sword_n like_o a_o people_n cast_v off_o and_o abandon_v from_o their_o fellow_n after_o these_o word_n they_o begin_v to_o rise_v out_o of_o the_o council_n but_o hold_v be_v lay_v upon_o they_o both_o entreaty_n be_v make_v that_o they_o will_v not_o by_o their_o disâ—ension_n and_o obstinacy_n bring_v all_o unto_o a_o desperate_a hazard_n the_o matter_n be_v all_o one_o whether_o they_o go_v or_o stay_v so_o that_o they_o all_o agree_v upon_o one_o thing_n whereas_o in_o disagree_v there_o be_v no_o liklihood_n of_o well_o do_v the_o disputation_n be_v prolong_v until_o midnight_n at_o length_n cotta_n yield_v and_o the_o sentence_n of_o sabinus_n take_v place_n and_o thereupon_o it_o be_v proclaim_v that_o they_o shall_v set_v forth_o by_o the_o break_n of_o day_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o night_n be_v spend_v in_o watch_v every_o soldier_n seek_v out_o what_o he_o have_v to_o carry_v with_o he_o and_o what_o he_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o leave_v behind_o he_o of_o such_o necessary_n as_o he_o have_v prepare_v for_o winter_n all_o thing_n be_v dispose_v in_o such_o sort_n to_o make_v the_o soldier_n believe_v that_o they_o can_v not_o stay_v without_o danger_n and_o that_o the_o danger_n may_v be_v augment_v by_o weary_v the_o soldier_n with_o watch_v observation_n by_o the_o resolution_n in_o this_o disputation_n it_o appear_v how_o little_a a_o grave_n and_o wise_a deliberation_n avail_v when_o it_o be_v impugn_a with_o the_o violence_n of_o passion_n according_a to_o the_o truth_n of_o my_o former_a observation_n for_o the_o matter_n be_v well_o reason_v by_o cotta_n and_o his_o position_n be_v ground_v upon_o thing_n certain_a and_o well_o know_v to_o the_o whole_a council_n and_o yet_o the_o fear_n of_o sabinus_n be_v such_o that_o it_o carry_v the_o conclusion_n by_o such_o suppose_a assertion_n as_o the_o quality_n of_o his_o passion_n have_v ratify_v for_o true_a principle_n be_v ground_v altogether_o upon_o that_o which_o the_o enemy_n have_v suggest_v and_o not_o upon_o any_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o the_o truth_n neither_o be_v it_o often_o see_v when_o a_o council_n dispute_v upon_o matter_n of_o such_o consequence_n that_o their_o deliberation_n be_v altogether_o clear_a from_o such_o troublesome_a motion_n but_o that_o it_o will_v somewhat_o incline_v to_o the_o partiality_n of_o a_o strong_a affection_n so_o powerful_a be_v passion_n in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o so_o interest_v in_o the_o other_o faculty_n and_o this_o be_v one_o cause_n of_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o man_n judgement_n from_o whence_o all_o contrary_a &_o different_a opinion_n do_v arise_v neither_o be_v this_o so_o strange_a a_o matter_n that_o a_o council_n of_o war_n shall_v so_o much_o vary_v in_o case_n of_o deliberation_n when_o as_o many_o especial_a point_n of_o military_a discipline_n remain_v yet_o undecided_a have_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o great_a commander_n of_o all_o age_n to_o ratify_v the_o truth_n on_o either_o part_n whereof_o i_o can_v allege_v many_o example_n but_o concern_v the_o issue_n and_o event_n of_o our_o deliberation_n what_o can_v be_v more_o true_o say_v then_o that_o of_o the_o poet_n et_fw-fr male_a consultis_fw-la pretium_fw-la est_fw-la prudentia_fw-la fallax_fw-la nec_fw-la fortuna_fw-la probat_fw-la causas_fw-la sequiturque_fw-la merentes_fw-la sed_fw-la vaga_fw-la per_fw-la cunctos_fw-la nullo_n discrimine_fw-la fertur_fw-la scilieeâ—â—st_fw-la aliud_fw-la quod_fw-la nos_fw-la cogatque_fw-la regatque_fw-la majus_n et_fw-la in_o proprias_fw-la ducat_n mortalia_fw-la leges_fw-la notwithstanding_o forasmuch_o as_o our_o wisdom_n be_v not_o so_o subject_a to_o fortune_n but_o that_o it_o may_v comprehend_v within_o itself_o the_o good_a direction_n of_o most_o of_o the_o occurrence_n which_o fall_v within_o the_o course_n of_o our_o business_n or_o if_o we_o must_v needs_o miscarry_v yet_o it_o somewhat_o help_v our_o ill_a fortune_n to_o think_v that_o we_o go_v upon_o best_a probability_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o set_v down_o some_o rule_n for_o the_o better_a direct_v of_o a_o mature_a consultation_n wherein_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o as_o all_o our_o knowledge_n arise_v from_o some_o of_o our_o sense_n and_o our_o sense_n comprehend_v only_a particularity_n which_o be_v carry_v unto_o the_o apprehension_n be_v dispose_v into_o form_n and_o degree_n according_a as_o they_o either_o concur_v or_o disagree_v in_o their_o several_a property_n from_o whence_o there_o arise_v intellectual_a notion_n and_o rule_n of_o art_n wherein_o the_o science_n of_o the_o say_a particular_n consist_v so_o he_o that_o intend_v to_o debate_v a_o matter_n with_o sound_a deliberation_n must_v descend_v from_o confuse_a conception_n and_o a_o knowledge_n in_o general_a to_o the_o exact_a distinction_n of_o particular_a part_n which_o be_v the_o occurrence_n to_o be_v direct_v and_o the_o material_a substance_n of_o every_o action_n he_o therefore_o that_o can_v give_v best_a direction_n either_o by_o experience_n or_o judicious_a discourse_n concern_v such_o particularity_n as_o be_v incident_a to_o the_o matter_n propound_v can_v best_o advise_v which_o be_v the_o safe_a way_n to_o avoid_v the_o opposition_n of_o contradict_a nature_n but_o to_o make_v this_o somewhat_o plain_o i_o will_v allege_v two_o example_n the_o one_o modern_a in_o case_n of_o consultation_n the_o other_o ancient_a and_o may_v seem_v not_o so_o pertinent_a to_o this_o matter_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v a_o mere_a apology_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o free_o censure_v the_o quality_n of_o particular_a circumstance_n it_o may_v give_v great_a light_n to_o that_o which_o we_o seek_v after_o the_o modern_a example_n be_v take_v out_o of_o guicerardin_n 9_o from_o the_o war_n which_o lewis_n the_o french_a king_n have_v with_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o venetian_n concern_v the_o state_n of_o ferrara_n and_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n wherein_o there_o arise_v a_o controversy_n among_o the_o french_a captain_n whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o go_v direct_o to_o seek_v the_o enemy_n who_o albeit_o they_o be_v lodge_v in_o a_o strong_a and_o secure_a place_n yet_o there_o be_v hope_n that_o with_o the_o virtue_n of_o arm_n and_o importunity_n of_o artillery_n they_o may_v be_v dislodge_v and_o drive_v to_o retreat_n or_o otherwise_o to_o take_v the_o way_n either_o of_o modena_n or_o bolognia_n that_o so_o the_o enemy_n for_o fear_n of_o lose_v either_o of_o those_o town_n may_v quit_v their_o hold_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v ferrara_n shall_v be_v free_v from_o the_o war_n mounseur_fw-fr chaumont_n the_o general_n of_o the_o french_a incline_v to_o the_o former_a advice_n but_o trivulce_fw-la a_o man_n of_o great_a authority_n and_o experience_n have_v be_v a_o executioner_n in_o 18._o battle_n reason_v thus_o in_o particular_n to_o the_o contrary_n we_o debate_v say_v he_o to_o
go_v seek_v the_o enemy_n to_o fight_v with_o he_o and_o i_o have_v always_o hear_v great_a captain_n hold_v this_o as_o a_o firm_a principle_n not_o to_o attempt_v the_o fortune_n of_o a_o battle_n unless_o there_o be_v either_o a_o offer_n of_o a_o especial_a advantage_n or_o otherwise_o compulsion_n by_o necessity_n the_o rule_n of_o war_n give_v it_o to_o the_o enemy_n that_o be_v the_o invader_n and_o have_v undertake_v the_o conquest_n of_o ferrara_n to_o seek_v to_o assail_v and_o charge_v we_o but_o to_o we_o to_o who_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o defend_v ourselves_o it_o can_v be_v but_o impertinent_a to_o undertake_v a_o action_n contrary_a to_o all_o direction_n and_o discipline_n of_o war_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n which_o be_v confirm_v by_o evident_a reason_n that_o there_o be_v no_o possibility_n to_o execute_v that_o devise_v but_o to_o our_o harm_n and_o disadvantage_n for_o we_o can_v go_v to_o their_o camp_n but_o by_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n a_o straight_a and_o narrow_a way_n where_o all_o our_o force_n can_v be_v employ_v and_o yet_o they_o with_o small_a number_n will_v make_v resistance_n have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n favourable_a to_o their_o virtue_n we_o must_v march_v by_o the_o rise_n of_o a_o hill_n one_o horse_n after_o another_o neither_o have_v we_o any_o other_o way_n to_o draw_v our_o artillery_n our_o baggage_n our_o cart_n and_o bridge_n but_o by_o the_o straight_a of_o the_o hill_n and_o who_o doubt_v not_o but_o in_o a_o way_n so_o narrow_a and_o cumbrous_a every_o artillery_n every_o cart_n or_o every_o wheel_n that_o shall_v break_v will_v stay_v the_o army_n a_o whole_a hour_n at_o the_o least_o by_o which_o impediment_n every_o contrary_a accident_n may_v put_v we_o to_o disorder_v the_o enemy_n be_v lodge_v in_o covert_n provide_v of_o victual_n and_o forage_v and_o we_o must_v incamp_v all_o bare_a and_o naked_a not_o carry_v with_o we_o that_o which_o shall_v serve_v for_o our_o necessary_a nouriture_n but_o expect_v the_o thing_n to_o come_v after_o which_o in_o reason_n ought_v to_o go_v with_o we_o to_o attempt_v new_a enterprise_n whereof_o the_o victory_n be_v less_o certain_a than_o the_o peril_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o gravity_n and_o reputation_n of_o a_o leader_n and_o in_o action_n of_o the_o war_n those_o enterprise_n be_v put_v to_o adventure_v that_o be_v do_v by_o will_n and_o not_o by_o reason_n many_o difficulty_n may_v compel_v we_o to_o make_v our_o abode_n there_o two_o or_o three_o day_n yea_o the_o snow_n and_o rain_v join_v with_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o season_n may_v suffice_v to_o detain_v we_o how_o shall_v we_o then_o do_v for_o victual_n and_o forage_v what_o shall_v we_o be_v able_a to_o do_v in_o the_o war_n want_v the_o thing_n that_o shall_v give_v we_o strength_n and_o sustenance_n what_o be_v he_o that_o consider_v not_o how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v to_o go_v seek_v the_o enemy_n in_o a_o strong_a camp_n and_o to_o be_v drive_v at_o one_o time_n to_o fight_v against_o they_o &_o against_o the_o discommodity_n of_o the_o place_n if_o we_o compel_v they_o not_o to_o abandon_v their_o camp_n we_o can_v but_o be_v enforce_v to_o retire_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a difficulty_n in_o a_o country_n so_o whole_o against_o we_o and_o where_o every_o little_a disfavour_n will_v turn_v to_o our_o great_a disadvantage_n etc._n etc._n and_o thus_o proceed_v that_o grave_a discourse_n in_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o particular_a occurrence_n incident_a to_o that_o enterprise_n which_o be_v lay_v open_a to_o their_o confuse_a judgement_n do_v manifest_o point_v at_o the_o great_a disadvantage_n which_o be_v to_o be_v undergo_v by_o that_o attempt_n the_o other_o example_n be_v of_o more_o antiquity_n take_v out_o of_o tacitus_n â—_o and_o concern_v the_o arraignment_n of_o certain_a senator_n for_o the_o friendship_n that_o have_v pass_v between_o sejanus_n and_o they_o among_o who_o m._n terentius_n thus_o answer_v for_o himself_o according_a as_o it_o have_v of_o late_o be_v publish_v by_o translation_n it_o will_v be_v peradventure_o less_o behooveful_a for_o my_o estate_n to_o acknowledge_v then_o to_o deny_v the_o crime_n i_o be_o charge_v with_o but_o hap_n what_o hap_n may_v i_o will_v confess_v that_o i_o have_v be_v sejanus_n friend_n and_o that_o i_o desire_v so_o to_o be_v and_o that_o after_o i_o have_v obtain_v his_o friendship_n i_o be_v glad_a of_o it_o i_o have_v see_v he_o joint-officer_n with_o my_o father_n in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o praetorian_a cohort_n and_o not_o long_o after_o in_o manage_v the_o city_n affair_n and_o matter_n of_o war_n his_o kinsman_n and_o ally_n be_v advance_v to_o honour_n as_o every_o man_n be_v inward_a with_o sejanus_n so_o he_o be_v grace_v by_o caesar_n and_o contrariwise_o such_o as_o be_v not_o in_o his_o favour_n live_v in_o fear_n and_o distress_a with_o poverty_n neither_o do_v i_o allege_v any_o man_n for_o a_o example_n of_o this_o all_o of_o we_o who_o be_v not_o privy_a to_o his_o last_o attempt_n with_o the_o danger_n of_o my_o only_a estate_n i_o will_v defend_v not_o sejanus_n the_o vulsiniensis_n but_o a_o part_n of_o the_o claudian_a and_o julian_n family_n which_o by_o alliance_n he_o have_v enter_v into_o thy_o son_n in_o law_n caesar_n thy_o companion_n in_o the_o consulship_n and_o he_o who_o take_v upon_o he_o thy_o charge_n of_o administer_a the_o commonwealth_n we_o do_v reverence_n and_o honour_n it_o be_v not_o our_o part_n to_o judge_v of_o he_o who_o thou_o do_v exalt_v above_o the_o rest_n nor_o for_o what_o consideration_n to_o thou_o the_o high_a judgement_n of_o thing_n the_o god_n have_v give_v and_o to_o we_o the_o glory_n of_o obedience_n be_v leave_v we_o look_v into_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o see_v before_o our_o eye_n who_o thou_o do_v enrich_v who_o thou_o do_v advance_v to_o honour_n who_o have_v great_a power_n of_o hurt_v or_o help_v which_o sejanus_n to_o have_v have_v no_o man_n will_v deny_v the_o prince_n hide_a thought_n or_o if_o he_o go_v about_o any_o secret_a drift_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o sound_v and_o dangerous_a neither_o shall_v thou_o in_o the_o end_n reach_n unto_o they_o think_v not_o only_o lord_n of_o the_o senate_n of_o sejanus_n last_o day_n but_o of_o sixteen_o year_n in_o which_o we_o do_v likewise_o fawn_v upon_o and_o court_n satrius_n and_o pomponius_n and_o to_o be_v know_v unto_o his_o free_a man_n and_o partner_n be_v reckon_v for_o a_o high_a favour_n what_o then_o shall_v this_o defence_n be_v general_a and_o not_o distinguish_v but_o a_o confusion_n make_v of_o time_n past_a and_o his_o late_a action_n no_o but_o let_v it_o by_o just_a bound_n and_o term_n be_v divide_v let_v the_o treason_n against_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o intention_n of_o murder_v the_o emperor_n be_v punish_v but_o as_o for_o the_o friendship_n duty_n pleasure_n and_o good_a turn_n the_o same_o end_n shall_v discharge_v and_o quit_v thou_o o_o caesar_n and_o we_o the_o constancy_n of_o this_o oration_n prevail_v so_o much_o that_o his_o accuser_n be_v punish_v with_o exile_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v how_o particularity_n decide_v the_o controversy_n and_o make_v the_o way_n plain_a to_o good_a direction_n chap._n xii_o the_o roman_n take_v their_o journey_n towards_o the_o next_o legion_n and_o be_v set_v upon_o by_o the_o gall_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o daylight_n appear_v 〈◊〉_d they_o set_v forth_o of_o their_o camp_n like_o man_n persuade_v that_o the_o counsel_n have_v be_v give_v they_o not_o by_o a_o enemy_n but_o by_o ambiorix_n a_o especial_a friend_n with_o a_o long-tailed_a march_n and_o as_o much_o baggage_n as_o they_o be_v able_a to_o carry_v the_o gall_n understand_v of_o their_o journey_n by_o their_o noise_n and_o watch_v in_o the_o night_n secret_o in_o the_o wood_n some_o two_o mile_n off_o lay_v a_o ambuscado_n in_o two_o several_a place_n of_o advantage_n and_o there_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o when_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o troop_n be_v enter_v into_o a_o valley_n sudden_o they_o show_v themselves_o on_o both_o side_n the_o vale_n press_v hard_o upon_o the_o rearward_n and_o hinder_v the_o foremost_a from_o go_v up_o the_o hill_n and_o so_o begin_v to_o charge_n upon_o the_o roman_n in_o a_o place_n of_o as_o great_a disadvantage_n for_o they_o as_o can_v be_v then_o at_o length_n titurius_n as_o one_o that_o have_v provide_v for_o nothing_o beforehand_o begin_v to_o tremble_v run_v up_o and_o down_o and_o dispose_v his_o cohort_n but_o so_o fearful_o and_o after_o such_o a_o fashion_n as_o if_o all_o thing_n have_v go_v against_o he_o as_o it_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o such_o as_o be_v force_v to_o consult_v in_o the_o instant_n of_o execution_n
observation_n it_o now_o plain_o appear_v by_o this_o negligent_a and_o ill-ordered_n march_v and_o the_o unlooked_a for_o encounter_v which_o the_o gall_n give_v they_o that_o fear_n have_v ratify_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o sabinus_n the_o smooth_a suggestion_n of_o ambiorix_n with_o a_o approbation_n of_o a_o certain_a truth_n and_o lay_v that_o for_o a_o principle_n which_o a_o discourse_n free_a from_o passion_n will_v have_v discern_v to_o be_v but_o weak_a and_o of_o no_o probability_n which_o so_o much_o the_o more_o amaze_v titurius_n by_o how_o much_o his_o apprehension_n have_v err_v from_o the_o truth_n and_o betray_v good_a counsel_n to_o a_o course_n full_a of_o danger_n which_o as_o caesar_n note_v must_v needs_o fall_v upon_o such_o as_o be_v then_o to_o seek_v for_o direction_n when_o the_o business_n require_v execution_n i_o have_v handle_v already_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o disappointment_n and_o therefore_o at_o this_o time_n will_v but_o bring_v it_o only_o into_o remembrance_n that_o we_o may_v take_v the_o great_a care_n to_o prevent_v a_o accident_n of_o that_o nature_n wherein_o as_o the_o best_a remedy_n for_o a_o evil_n be_v to_o foresee_v it_o according_a to_o the_o say_n praevisa_fw-la pereunt_fw-la mala_fw-la evil_n foresee_v fall_n of_o themselves_o so_o the_o great_a mischief_n in_o a_o evil_n be_v when_o it_o come_v unthought_a of_o and_o beside_o our_o expectation_n for_o than_o it_o fall_v upon_o we_o with_o a_o supernatural_a weight_n and_o affright_v the_o mind_n with_o a_o superstitious_a astonishment_n as_o though_o the_o divine_a power_n have_v prevent_v our_o designment_n with_o a_o irremediable_a calamity_n and_o cut_v off_o our_o appointment_n with_o a_o contrary_a decree_n although_o peradventure_o the_o thing_n itself_o carry_v no_o such_o importance_n but_o may_v be_v remedy_v if_o we_o be_v but_o prepare_v with_o a_o opinion_n that_o such_o a_o thing_n may_v happen_v it_o be_v no_o ill_a counsel_n therefore_o what_o resolution_n soever_o be_v take_v to_o make_v as_o full_a account_n of_o that_o which_o may_v fall_v out_o to_o cross_v our_o intention_n as_o that_o which_o be_v likely_a to_o happen_v from_o the_o direction_n of_o our_o chief_a project_n and_o so_o we_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o have_v a_o present_a mind_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o our_o occasion_n and_o feel_v no_o further_o danger_n than_o that_o which_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n enforce_v chap._n xiii_o the_o roman_n cast_v themselves_o into_o a_o orb_n and_o be_v much_o discourage_v but_o cotta_n câ—â—sar_n who_o have_v before_o thought_n that_o these_o thing_n may_v happen_v by_o the_o way_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n will_v not_o be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o journey_n be_v not_o want_v in_o any_o thing_n that_o concern_v their_o common_a safety_n for_o both_o in_o call_v upon_o the_o soldier_n and_o encourage_v they_o he_o execute_v the_o place_n of_o a_o commander_n and_o in_o fight_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o soldier_n and_o when_o they_o find_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o length_n of_o their_o troup_n they_o be_v not_o able_a in_o their_o own_o person_n to_o see_v all_o thing_n do_v and_o to_o give_v direction_n in_o every_o place_n they_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v proclaim_v that_o they_o shall_v all_o for_o sake_n their_o baggage_n and_o â—ast_v themselves_o into_o a_o orb_n which_o direction_n although_o in_o such_o a_o case_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v reprove_v yet_o it_o fall_v out_o ill_a favour_o for_o it_o both_o abate_v the_o courage_n of_o the_o roman_n &_o give_v the_o enemy_n great_a encouragement_n inasmuch_o as_o it_o seem_v that_o that_o course_n be_v not_o take_v but_o upon_o a_o great_a fear_n and_o in_o extremity_n of_o peril_n moreover_o it_o happen_v as_o it_o can_v not_o otherwise_o choose_v that_o the_o soldier_n go_v from_o their_o ensign_n to_o take_v from_o the_o carriage_n such_o thing_n as_o be_v most_o dear_a unto_o they_o and_o there_o be_v nothing_o hear_v among_o they_o but_o clamour_n and_o weep_n but_o the_o barbarous_a gall_n be_v not_o to_o learn_v how_o to_o carry_v themselves_o for_o their_o commander_n cause_v it_o to_o be_v proclaim_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v stir_v out_o of_o his_o place_n for_o the_o prey_n be_v they_o and_o all_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v lay_v apart_o be_v reserve_v for_o they_o and_o therefore_o let_v they_o suppose_v that_o all_o thing_n consist_v in_o the_o victory_n the_o roman_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o gall_n both_o in_o number_n of_o man_n and_o valour_n and_o albeit_o they_o be_v destitute_a of_o good_a captain_n and_o of_o good_a fortune_n yet_o they_o repose_v in_o their_o manhood_n all_o the_o hope_n of_o their_o safety_n and_o as_o often_o as_o any_o cohort_n issue_v out_o they_o fail_v not_o to_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o enemy_n on_o that_o part_n the_o first_o observation_n i_o have_v already_o handle_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o orb_n with_o such_o property_n as_o be_v incident_a to_o a_o circle_n wherein_o i_o show_v the_o conveniency_n of_o this_o figure_n in_o regard_n of_o safe_a and_o strong_a imbattel_v i_o will_v now_o add_v thus_o much_o concern_v the_o use_n thereof_o that_o as_o it_o be_v the_o best_a manner_n of_o imbattel_v for_o a_o defensive_a strength_n and_o therefore_o never_o use_v but_o in_o extremity_n so_o we_o must_v be_v very_o careful_a that_o the_o sudden_a betake_v of_o ourselves_o to_o such_o a_o refuge_n do_v not_o more_o dismay_v the_o soldier_n than_o the_o advantage_n of_o that_o imbattel_v can_v benefit_v they_o for_o unless_o a_o leader_n be_v careful_a to_o keep_v his_o man_n in_o courage_n that_o their_o heart_n may_v be_v free_a from_o despair_n and_o amazement_n what_o profit_n can_v there_o arise_v from_o any_o disposition_n or_o body_n soever_o when_o the_o particular_a member_n shall_v be_v senseless_a of_o that_o duty_n which_o belong_v unto_o they_o for_o order_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o assistance_n to_o courage_n give_v mean_n to_o manage_v our_o valour_n with_o advantage_n in_o the_o war_n of_o africa_n we_o reaâ—_n that_o caesar_n legion_n be_v encircle_v about_o with_o great_a multitude_n of_o enemy_n be_v force_v to_o make_v a_o orb_n but_o he_o quick_o turn_v it_o to_o a_o better_a use_n by_o advance_v the_o two_o cornet_n two_o contrary_a way_n and_o so_o divide_v the_o enemy_n into_o two_o part_n and_o then_o beat_v they_o back_o to_o their_o great_a disadvantage_n the_o second_o observation_n i_o need_v not_o stand_v upon_o this_o order_n which_o the_o gall_n here_o take_v concern_v pillage_n that_o no_o soldier_n shall_v forsake_v his_o station_n or_o disrank_v himself_o in_o hope_n of_o spoil_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n that_o from_o the_o very_a infancy_n of_o war_n have_v often_o change_v the_o fortune_n of_o the_o day_n and_o sell_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o public_a victory_n for_o private_a lucre_n and_o petty_a pilfer_n among_o other_o example_n let_v that_o which_o guicciardine_n report_v of_o the_o battle_n of_o taro_n suffice_v to_o warn_v a_o well-directed_n army_n 20_o as_o well_o by_o the_o good_a which_o charles_n the_o eight_o of_o that_o name_n king_n of_o france_n receive_v at_o that_o time_n as_o by_o the_o loss_n which_o the_o italian_n feel_v by_o that_o disorder_n not_o to_o seek_v after_o pillage_n until_o the_o victory_n be_v obtain_v the_o three_o observation_n the_o insufficiency_n of_o these_o commander_n whereof_o caesar_n now_o complain_v as_o the_o only_a want_n which_o these_o roman_n have_v to_o clear_v themselves_o of_o this_o danger_n bring_v to_o our_o consideration_n that_o which_o former_a time_n have_v make_v a_o question_n which_o be_v whether_o be_v be_v the_o virtue_n of_o the_o roman_a leader_n or_o the_o valour_n of_o their_o soldier_n that_o enlarge_v their_o empire_n to_o that_o greatness_n and_o make_v their_o people_n and_o senate_n lord_n of_o the_o world_n polybius_n weigh_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o victory_n which_o the_o carthaginian_n gain_v of_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o counsel_n and_o good_a direction_n of_o one_o zantippus_n a_o grecian_a have_v before_o that_o time_n receive_v divers_a overthrow_n during_o the_o time_n of_o those_o war_n in_o africa_n conclude_v that_o it_o be_v more_o in_o the_o worthiness_n of_o the_o commander_n then_o in_o any_o extraordinary_a virtue_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o the_o roman_n achieve_v so_o many_o conquest_n and_o beside_o the_o present_a example_n of_o zantippus_n he_o confirm_v his_o opinion_n with_o the_o proceed_n of_o hannibal_n who_o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n still_o gain_v of_o the_o roman_a empire_n enlarge_a the_o territory_n of_o carthage_n and_o streightning_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o mighty_a rome_n until_o it_o have_v get_v a_o leader_n matchable_a to_o that_o subtle_a carthagiman_n and_o find_v a_o scipio_n to_o confront_v their_o
of_o great_a danger_n to_o the_o defendant_n than_o such_o as_o afterward_o be_v make_v in_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o war_n for_o after_o the_o first_o brunt_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v much_o abate_v as_o well_o through_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o hot_a desire_n which_o be_v most_o violent_a in_o the_o beginning_n and_o afterward_o grow_v cold_a and_o remiss_a as_o also_o with_o the_o harm_n and_o peril_n which_o they_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o encounter_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a side_n the_o defendant_n have_v withstand_v the_o first_o fury_n wherein_o there_o be_v most_o terror_n and_o distrust_n grow_v more_o confident_a and_o better_o assure_v of_o their_o manhood_n and_o in_o experience_n of_o their_o strength_n stand_v firm_a against_o any_o charge_n whatsoever_o chap._n xix_o the_o nervii_n besiege_v cicero_n with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n and_o work_n mean_v to_o set_v fire_n on_o their_o tent_n the_o nervii_n disappoint_v of_o this_o hope_n caesar_n carry_v a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n round_o about_o the_o camp_n the_o rampire_n be_v eleven_o foot_n high_a and_o the_o ditch_n fifteen_o foot_n deep_a which_o they_o have_v learn_v of_o the_o roman_n partly_o by_o be_v conversant_a among_o they_o certain_a year_n before_o and_o partly_o by_o the_o prisoner_n and_o captive_n which_o they_o have_v take_v but_o they_o have_v no_o iron_n tool_n fit_a for_o that_o purpose_n but_o be_v drive_v to_o cut_v up_o turf_n with_o their_o sword_n and_o gather_v earth_n with_o their_o hand_n and_o carry_v it_o away_o with_o their_o mantle_n and_o gaberdâ—nes_n whereby_o may_v be_v gather_v what_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n there_o be_v at_o the_o siege_n for_o in_o less_o than_o three_o hour_n they_o finish_v the_o fortification_n of_o fifteen_o mile_n in_o circuit_n the_o day_n follow_v the_o enemy_n build_v tower_n to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o rampire_n prepare_v great_a hook_n and_o strong_a penthouse_n or_o safegard_v of_o board_n and_o timber_n according_a as_o the_o captive_n have_v give_v they_o instruction_n the_o seven_o day_n of_o the_o siege_n be_v a_o very_a windy_a day_n they_o cast_v hot_a bullet_n of_o clay_n out_o of_o sling_n &_o burn_a dart_n upon_o the_o cabin_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v thatch_v with_o straw_n these_o cabin_n be_v quick_o set_v on_o fire_n which_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n be_v carry_v over_o all_o the_o camp_n the_o enemy_n press_v forward_o with_o a_o great_a clamour_n as_o though_o the_o victory_n be_v already_o get_v begin_v to_o bring_v their_o turret_n and_o testudines_fw-la to_o the_o rampire_n and_o to_o scale_v it_o with_o ladder_n but_o such_o be_v the_o valour_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n that_o albeit_o they_o be_v scorch_v on_o all_o side_n with_o fire_n and_o overcharge_v with_o multitude_n of_o weapon_n and_o see_v all_o their_o wealth_n burn_v before_o their_o face_n yet_o no_o man_n forsake_v the_o rampire_n or_o scarce_o look_v back_o at_o that_o which_o have_v happen_v but_o they_o all_o fight_v valiant_o and_o with_o a_o 〈◊〉_d courage_n â—his_fw-la be_v the_o sore_a day_n the_o roman_n have_v and_o yet_o it_o have_v this_o issue_n that_o a_o very_a great_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v slay_v and_o wound_v for_o they_o haâ—_n so_o throng_v themselves_o under_o the_o rampire_n that_o the_o hindmost_a hinder_v the_o foremost_a from_o retire_v back_o the_o flame_n at_o length_n abate_v and_o the_o enemy_n have_v bring_v on_o one_o of_o their_o tower_n to_o the_o very_a work_n the_o centurion_n of_o the_o three_o cohort_n draw_v back_o themselves_o and_o their_o man_n from_o the_o place_n where_o they_o stand_v and_o with_o sign_n and_o voice_n call_v to_o the_o enemy_n to_o enter_v if_o they_o think_v good_a but_o none_o of_o they_o dare_v approach_v then_o do_v they_o by_o cast_v stone_n from_o all_o part_n beat_v they_o from_o the_o work_n and_o set_v their_o tower_n on_o fire_n observation_n this_o one_o example_n may_v serve_v to_o show_v the_o excellency_n of_o the_o roman_a discipline_n and_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o first_o founder_n of_o that_o art_n for_o they_o perceive_v that_o the_o fortune_n of_o war_n consist_v chief_o in_o the_o master_a of_o particular_a occurrence_n train_v their_o soldier_n in_o that_o form_n of_o discipline_n as_o may_v struggle_v with_o inconvenience_n and_o strong_a opposition_n of_o contradict_a accident_n and_o so_o overwage_v all_o difficulty_n and_o hindrance_n with_o a_o constant_a perseveration_n and_o a_o courage_n invincible_a for_o the_o great_a attempt_v spirit_n of_o a_o ambitious_a commander_n that_o seek_v to_o overtop_v the_o trophy_n of_o honour_n with_o the_o memory_n of_o his_o exploit_n will_v quick_o perish_v by_o his_o own_o direction_n if_o the_o instrument_n of_o execution_n be_v weak_a than_o the_o mean_n which_o lead_v he_o to_o his_o designment_n for_o where_o the_o weight_n be_v great_a than_o the_o strength_n the_o engine_n will_v soon_o break_v than_o lift_v it_o up_o let_v a_o discreet_a leader_n therefore_o so_o level_v his_o thought_n that_o his_o resolution_n may_v not_o exceed_v the_o ability_n of_o his_o particular_a mean_n but_o first_o let_v he_o be_v well_o assure_v what_o his_o soldier_n can_v do_v before_o he_o resolve_v what_o he_o will_v do_v or_o otherwise_o let_v he_o so_o enable_v they_o by_o discipline_n and_o instruction_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o the_o old_a roman_n that_o their_o worth_n may_v answer_v the_o height_n of_o his_o desire_n and_o follow_v his_o aspire_a mind_n with_o a_o resolution_n ground_v upon_o knowledge_n and_o valour_n and_o so_o make_v their_o ability_n the_o ground_n of_o his_o design_n he_o shall_v never_o fail_v of_o mean_n to_o perform_v what_o he_o intend_v the_o want_n of_o this_o consideration_n have_v within_o these_o late_a year_n repay_v our_o commander_n in_o many_o part_n of_o christendom_n with_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n when_o as_o they_o have_v measure_v the_o humour_n of_o their_o poor_a needy_a and_o undisciplined_a soldier_n by_o the_o garb_n of_o their_o ambitious_a thought_n and_o so_o lay_v such_o project_n of_o difficulty_n as_o be_v very_o unsuitable_a in_o the_o particularity_n of_o occurrence_n to_o that_o which_o their_o soldier_n be_v fit_a to_o execute_v chap._n xx._n the_o emulation_n between_o two_o centurion_n pulfio_n and_o varenus_n with_o their_o fortune_n in_o the_o encounter_n there_o be_v in_o that_o legion_n two_o valiant_a man_n caesar_n titus_n pulfio_n and_o l._n varenus_n centurion_n come_v on_o apace_o to_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o first_o order_n these_o too_o wâ—re_v at_o continual_a debate_n which_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v prefer_v one_o before_o another_o and_o every_o year_n contend_v for_o place_n of_o preferment_n with_o much_o strife_n and_o emulation_n pulfio_n at_o a_o time_n that_o the_o fortification_n be_v very_o sharp_o assault_v call_v to_o varenus_n and_o ask_v he_o why_o he_o now_o stand_v doubtful_a or_o what_o other_o place_n he_o do_v look_v for_o to_o make_v trial_n of_o his_o manhood_n this_o be_v the_o day_n say_v he_o that_o shall_v decide_v our_o controversy_n and_o when_o he_o have_v speak_v these_o word_n he_o go_v out_o of_o the_o fortification_n and_o where_o he_o see_v the_o enemy_n thick_a he_o fierce_o set_v upon_o they_o then_o can_v not_o varenus_n hold_v himself_o within_o the_o rampire_n but_o for_o his_o credit_n sake_n follow_v after_o in_o a_o reasonable_a distance_n pulfio_n cast_v his_o pile_n at_o the_o enemy_n and_o strike_v one_o of_o the_o multitude_n through_o that_o câ—me_n run_v out_o against_o he_o he_o be_v slay_v the_o enemy_n cover_v he_o with_o their_o shield_n and_o all_o cast_v their_o weapon_n at_o pulfio_n give_v he_o no_o respite_n or_o time_n of_o retreat_n pulfio_n have_v his_o target_n strike_v through_o and_o the_o dart_n stick_v fast_o in_o his_o girdle_n this_o chance_n turn_v aside_o his_o scabbard_n and_o hinder_v his_o right_a hand_n from_o pull_v out_o his_o sword_n in_o which_o disadvantage_n the_o enemy_n press_v hard_o upon_o he_o varenus_n come_v and_o rescue_v he_o immediate_o the_o whole_a multitude_n think_v pulfio_n to_o be_v slay_v with_o the_o dart_n turn_v to_o varenus_n who_o speedy_o betake_v he_o to_o his_o sword_n and_o caâ—e_v to_o handy-stroke_n &_o have_v slay_v one_o he_o put_v the_o rest_n somewhat_o back_o but_o as_o he_o follow_v overhasty_o upon_o they_o he_o fall_v down_o he_o do_v pulfio_n rescue_v be_v circumvent_v and_o in_o danger_n &_o so_o both_o of_o they_o have_v slay_v many_o of_o the_o enemy_n retire_v to_o their_o camp_n in_o safety_n to_o their_o great_a honour_n thus_o fortune_n carry_v as_o well_o the_o contention_n as_o the_o encounter_n of_o they_o both_o that_o be_v enemy_n they_o nevertheless_o give_v help_v to_o save_v
up_o for_o a_o show_n with_o a_o single_a row_n of_o turf_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v appear_v to_o be_v make_v up_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v break_v open_a some_o of_o they_o begin_v to_o break_v down_o the_o rampire_n with_o their_o hand_n and_o other_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n which_o caesar_n perceive_v sally_v out_o at_o all_o the_o port_n at_o once_o and_o send_v out_o the_o cavalry_n put_v the_o enemy_n so_o sudden_o to_o flight_n that_o not_o one_o of_o they_o resist_v by_o way_n of_o fight_v insomuch_o as_o he_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o and_o put_v they_o all_o beside_o their_o arms._n but_o because_o he_o fear_v to_o follow_v they_o far_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o bog_n that_o lay_v in_o their_o passage_n be_v unwilling_a to_o hazard_v himself_o upon_o the_o least_o occasion_n of_o danger_n he_o return_v with_o all_o his_o force_n in_o safety_n and_o the_o selfsame_a day_n come_v to_o cicero_n where_o he_o admire_v the_o tower_n the_o mantlet_n and_o work_n which_o be_v begin_v and_o prepare_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o draw_v out_o the_o legion_n he_o find_v that_o the_o ten_o man_n have_v not_o escape_v without_o wound_n by_o all_o which_o circumstance_n he_o understand_v with_o what_o danger_n and_o valour_n the_o business_n have_v be_v carry_v he_o commend_v cicero_n and_o the_o legion_n according_a to_o their_o merit_n call_v out_o by_o name_n such_o centurion_n and_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n as_o by_o testimony_n of_o cicero_n be_v find_v to_o have_v deserve_v extraordinary_o in_o that_o service_n inform_v himself_o by_o the_o captive_n of_o the_o certainty_n of_o sabinus_n &_o cotta_n misfortune_n the_o next_o day_n he_o speak_v public_o to_o the_o soldier_n open_v the_o particular_n of_o that_o matter_n and_o then_o season_v they_o with_o comfort_n and_o encouragement_n show_v that_o the_o loss_n which_o happen_v through_o the_o fault_n and_o temerity_n of_o a_o legate_n be_v to_o be_v bear_v with_o better_a patience_n and_o the_o rather_o forasmuch_o as_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o immortal_a god_n and_o by_o their_o own_o virtue_n the_o loss_n be_v redeem_v in_o such_o a_o fashion_n as_o neither_o the_o enemy_n do_v long_o joy_v it_o nor_o themselves_o be_v long_o afflict_v with_o grief_n for_o the_o same_o observation_n the_o passage_n in_o this_o chapter_n be_v of_o great_a variety_n and_o do_v give_v occasion_n of_o much_o discourse_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o remarkable_a be_v that_o to_o exceed_v in_o force_n and_o troop_n of_o man_n may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o bring_v a_o party_n to_o a_o overthrow_n for_o a_o extraordinary_a power_n do_v always_o beget_v a_o opinion_n sort_v to_o their_o own_o desire_n and_o can_v hardly_o think_v of_o any_o other_o end_n than_o that_o which_o sâ—â—â—th_v with_o security_n and_o victorious_a success_n which_o be_v cross_v in_o any_o material_a circumstance_n and_o put_v beside_o the_o course_n of_o their_o intendment_n whereby_o they_o fail_v of_o what_o they_o expect_v do_v consequent_o draw_v all_o the_o other_o way_n and_o change_v hope_n into_o mishap_n as_o it_o fare_v here_o with_o the_o gall_n upon_o caesar_n sudden_a sally_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n chap._n xxii_o the_o commotion_n of_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n induciomarus_n attempt_v great_a matter_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o country_n quiet_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o report_n of_o caesar_n victory_n be_v carry_v to_o labienus_n with_o incredible_a speed_n caesar_n through_o the_o country_n of_o those_o of_o rheims_n insomuch_o as_o be_v fifty_o mile_n distant_a from_o that_o place_n where_o cicero_n winter_v and_o that_o the_o overthrow_n be_v give_v about_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n there_o be_v a_o shout_n at_o the_o camp-gate_n before_o midnight_n whereby_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n congratulate_v labienus_n for_o that_o victory_n the_o fame_n whereof_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o treviri_n induciomarus_n that_o purpose_v the_o next_o day_n to_o besiege_v labienus_n flee_v in_o the_o night_n time_n and_o carry_v all_o his_o force_n back_o to_o the_o treviri_n caesar_n remand_v fabius_n with_o his_o legion_n into_o their_o winter_n station_n he_o himself_o with_o three_o legion_n determine_v to_o winter_n about_o samarobrina_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o there_o be_v such_o commotion_n throughout_o all_o gallia_n himself_o resolve_v to_o abide_v with_o the_o army_n all_o the_o winter_n for_o upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o sabinus_n almost_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n do_v enter_v into_o a_o consultation_n of_o war_n send_v messenger_n and_o ambassador_n into_o all_o part_n to_o make_v overture_n for_o future_a resolution_n and_o to_o understand_v in_o what_o place_n the_o war_n may_v best_o be_v set_v on_o foot_n hold_v their_o conventicle_n by_o night_n in_o secret_a and_o desert_a place_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o there_o pass_v not_o a_o day_n during_o all_o that_o winter_n which_o bring_v not_o some_o new_a care_n or_o trouble_v to_o caesar_n whilst_o he_o be_v daily_o advertise_v of_o new_a meeting_n and_o conspiracy_n among_o the_o gall_n among_o other_o he_o have_v intelligence_n from_o l_o roscius_n the_o leg_n eat_v who_o he_o have_v set_v over_o the_o thirteen_o legion_n that_o great_a force_n of_o those_o state_n and_o city_n of_o the_o gall_n that_o be_v call_v armoricae_n be_v assemble_v together_o to_o fight_v against_o he_o brittany_n and_o be_v come_v within_o eight_o mile_n of_o his_o camp_n but_o understand_v of_o caesar_n victory_n they_o fall_v back_o in_o such_o a_o fashion_n as_o though_o they_o mean_v to_o fly_v away_o but_o caesar_n have_v call_v unto_o he_o the_o prince_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o every_o state_n terrify_v some_o as_o seem_v to_o understand_v their_o complotment_n and_o persuade_v other_o keep_v a_o great_a part_n of_o gallia_n in_o obedience_n howbeit_o the_o senones_n a_o strong_a people_n and_o of_o great_a authority_n among_o the_o gall_n go_v about_o by_o a_o public_a decree_n to_o kill_v cavarinus_n who_o caesar_n have_v set_v to_o be_v king_n over_o they_o who_o brother_n moritasgus_fw-la at_o caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n and_o who_o ancestor_n former_o be_v possess_v of_o that_o kingdom_n which_o he_o perceive_v flee_v away_o and_o be_v prosecute_v to_o the_o very_a border_n and_o so_o drive_v as_o well_o out_o of_o his_o private_a house_n as_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o have_v send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o satisfy_v he_o herein_o whereas_o he_o command_v the_o whole_a senate_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o they_o refuse_v to_o obey_v his_o warrant_n so_o much_o it_o prevail_v among_o barbarous_a people_n that_o there_o be_v some_o find_v that_o dare_v avouch_v the_o undertake_n of_o a_o war_n which_o make_v such_o a_o alteration_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n that_o beside_o the_o hedâ—i_n and_o the_o state_n of_o rheims_n who_o caesar_n have_v in_o great_a favour_n and_o respect_n the_o one_o for_o their_o ancient_a and_o perpetual_a fidelity_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o other_o for_o their_o late_a service_n in_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n there_o be_v almost_o no_o state_n free_a from_o suspicion_n insomuch_o as_o i_o know_v not_o well_o whether_o it_o may_v not_o be_v wonder_v at_o or_o no_o as_o well_o for_o many_o other_o reason_n as_o special_o for_o that_o they_o great_o grieve_v that_o they_o who_o excel_v all_o other_o nation_n in_o deed_n of_o arm_n have_v now_o lose_v their_o reputation_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v force_v to_o bear_v the_o yoke_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n the_o treviri_n and_o induciomarus_n lose_v no_o time_n of_o all_o that_o winter_n but_o send_v commissioner_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n solicit_v the_o city_n and_o promise_a money_n with_o confident_a aslurance_n that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o army_n be_v already_o cut_v off_o and_o that_o which_o be_v leave_v be_v but_o a_o small_a remainder_n of_o the_o same_o and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o no_o people_n of_o the_o german_n can_v be_v persuade_v to_o pass_v the_o rhine_n for_o have_v twice_o make_v trial_n to_o their_o cost_n in_o the_o war_n of_o ariovistus_n and_o in_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o *_o franckfort_n tenchtheri_n they_o will_v tempt_v fortune_n no_o further_o induciomarus_n cast_v down_o from_o his_o hope_n do_v notwithstanding_o train_n and_o gather_v force_n get_v horse_n from_o the_o border_a state_n and_o with_o great_a reward_n draw_v unto_o he_o banish_v and_o condemn_v man_n from_o all_o part_n of_o gallia_n and_o do_v thereby_o get_v such_o a_o opinion_n throughout_o all_o that_o continent_n that_o ambassador_n come_v flock_v unto_o he_o from_o all_o quarter_n and_o seek_v his_o favour_n both_o in_o publâ—ck_n and_o private_a when_o he_o understand_v that_o man_n make_v
to_o he_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n and_o that_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o senones_n and_o carnutes_n be_v instigate_v with_o a_o remembrance_n of_o their_o offence_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o nervii_n and_o aduatici_n make_v provision_n of_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o want_v voluntary_a force_n if_o he_o do_v but_o once_o go_v out_o of_o his_o confine_n he_o give_v order_n to_o call_v a_o council_n of_o arm_n which_o according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v always_o the_o beginning_n of_o a_o war_n be_v such_o as_o constrain_v all_o the_o man_n that_o be_v of_o year_n by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o assemble_v together_o in_o arm_n and_o he_o that_o come_v last_o be_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n put_v to_o death_n with_o exquisite_a torture_n in_o that_o council_n he_o take_v order_n to_o proclaim_v cingetorix_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o other_o faction_n and_o his_o son_n in_o law_n who_o as_o we_o have_v before_o declare_v have_v follow_v caesar_n and_o not_o leave_v he_o in_o any_o of_o those_o service_n a_o traitor_n to_o the_o state_n and_o that_o his_o good_n shall_v be_v confiscate_v that_o be_v do_v he_o publish_v in_o the_o council_n that_o he_o be_v send_v for_o by_o the_o senones_n and_o the_o carnutes_n and_o many_o other_o state_n of_o gallia_n whether_o he_o mean_v to_o go_v through_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o rheims_n and_o that_o he_o will_v harry_v and_o waste_v their_o country_n but_o first_o his_o purpose_n be_v to_o take_v the_o camp_n of_o labienus_n and_o according_o give_v order_v what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v labienus_n be_v in_o a_o camp_n exceed_o fortify_v as_o well_o by_o nature_n as_o by_o art_n do_v not_o fear_v any_o danger_n that_o may_v happen_v to_o himself_o or_o the_o legion_n but_o rather_o study_v not_o to_o let_v pass_v any_o occasion_n to_o carry_v the_o matter_n handsome_o and_o to_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o be_v advertise_v by_o cingetorix_n and_o his_o ally_n what_o speech_n induciomarus_n have_v deliver_v in_o the_o council_n he_o send_v messenger_n to_o all_o the_o confine_a city_n and_o command_v horseman_n to_o be_v send_v unto_o he_o by_o a_o certain_a day_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n induciomarus_n ride_v up_o and_o down_o almost_o every_o day_n with_o all_o his_o cavalry_n under_o his_o camp_n sometime_o to_o view_v the_o site_n thereof_o otherwhile_o to_o parley_v or_o else_o to_o terrify_v the_o soldier_n and_o his_o horseman_n for_o the_o most_o part_n will_v cast_v their_o weapon_n within_o the_o rampire_n labienus_n keep_v all_o his_o man_n within_o the_o fortification_n and_o do_v what_o he_o can_v to_o make_v the_o enemy_n believe_v that_o he_o be_v sore_o afraid_a and_o as_o induciomarus_n come_v daily_o with_o great_a contempt_n to_o the_o camp_n one_o night_n have_v take_v in_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o border_a city_n which_o he_o have_v former_o send_v for_o he_o keep_v all_o his_o party_n by_o good_a guard_n within_o his_o camp_n with_o such_o diligence_n that_o their_o reception_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v bruit_v abroad_o or_o carry_v to_o the_o treviri_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n induciomarus_n according_a to_o his_o wont_a custom_n approach_v near_o the_o camp_n and_o there_o spend_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o day_n the_o horseman_n cast_v their_o weapon_n and_o with_o word_n of_o high_a reproach_n call_v out_o our_o man_n to_o fight_v without_o any_o word_n give_v in_o answer_n by_o they_o and_o a_o little_a before_o the_o evening_n as_o they_o disperse_v themselves_o and_o depart_v upon_o a_o sudden_a labienus_n let_v out_o all_o the_o cavalry_n at_o two_o port_n command_v they_o that_o after_o the_o enemy_n be_v put_v to_o slight_v which_o he_o see_v will_v necessary_o happen_v that_o every_o one_o shall_v make_v after_o induciomarus_n and_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v so_o much_o as_o wound_v any_o other_o enemy_n before_o they_o see_v he_o slay_v be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o give_v he_o time_n to_o escape_v while_o the_o soldier_n be_v engage_v with_o the_o rest_n and_o propound_v great_a reward_n to_o they_o that_o slay_v he_o he_o send_v out_o also_o several_a cohort_n to_o assist_v the_o horse_n fortune_fw-mi make_v good_a that_o direction_n for_o as_o all_o make_v after_o one_o induciomarus_fw-la be_v surprise_v in_o the_o ford_n of_o a_o river_n and_o slay_v and_o his_o head_n be_v bring_v back_o into_o the_o camp_n the_o horseman_n return_v slay_v as_o many_o of_o the_o rest_n as_o they_o can_v take_v this_o thing_n be_v know_v all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o eburones_n and_o nervii_n which_o be_v meet_v together_o depart_v home_o and_o after_o that_o time_n caesar_n have_v gallia_n better_a settle_v in_o quietness_n observation_n as_o the_o misfortune_n which_o befall_v sabinus_n and_o cotta_n put_v all_o gallia_n into_o trouble_n and_o commotion_n so_o the_o head_n of_o induciomarus_n reduce_v all_o into_o peace_n according_a as_o it_o be_v say_v of_o the_o spaniard_n that_o in_o some_o case_n one_o man_n be_v worth_a a_o thousand_o and_o thus_o end_v the_o five_o commentary_n the_o six_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n this_o summer_n commentary_n set_v forth_o the_o malice_n of_o a_o enemy_n that_o refuse_v open_a encounter_n but_o keep_v himself_o in_o the_o fastness_n of_o his_o hold_n force_v the_o adverse_a party_n either_o to_o leave_v he_o untouched_a or_o to_o seek_v he_o out_o upon_o disadvantage_n together_o with_o such_o casualty_n annex_v to_o the_o matter_n as_o the_o power_n of_o fortune_n do_v common_o intermingle_v with_o such_o occurrence_n as_o also_o the_o manner_n and_o fashion_n of_o life_n then_o in_o use_n among_o the_o german_n and_o gall_n chap._n i._n caesar_n fear_v a_o great_a commotion_n in_o gallia_n muster_v more_o force_n caesar_z for_o many_o reason_n expect_v great_a trouble_n in_o gallia_n caesar_n appoint_v m._n silanus_n c._n antistius_n reginus_n and_o t._n sextius_n legate_n in_o his_o army_n to_o make_v a_o new_a choice_n and_o muster_v up_o more_o soldier_n and_o withal_o he_o entreat_v cneius_n pompeius_n proconsul_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o continue_v at_o the_o city_n about_o public_a business_n that_o he_o will_v recall_v to_o their_o ensign_n and_o send_v unto_o he_o such_o soldier_n as_o be_v before_o discharge_v of_o the_o consul_n oath_n for_o he_o think_v it_o very_o material_a for_o the_o future_a time_n to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o gall_n when_o they_o shall_v see_v italy_n so_o mighty_a that_o if_o they_o have_v receive_v any_o loss_n by_o the_o casualtye_n of_o war_n they_o can_v not_o only_o in_o a_o short_a time_n make_v a_o supply_n thereof_o but_o augment_v their_o army_n with_o great_a force_n which_o when_o pompey_n have_v grant_v both_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o caesar_n friendship_n the_o choice_n be_v speedy_o by_o his_o minister_n perform_v before_o the_o winter_n be_v end_v three_o legion_n be_v enrol_v and_o bring_v unto_o he_o whereby_o the_o number_n of_o cohort_n be_v double_v which_o be_v lose_v with_o q._n titurius_n and_o withal_o he_o make_v experience_n both_o by_o the_o speed_n and_o by_o the_o force_n what_o the_o wealth_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n can_v do_v the_o first_o observation_n notwithstanding_o any_o former_a purpose_n i_o will_v begin_v this_o commentary_n with_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o choice_n which_o the_o roman_n use_v when_o they_o muster_v soldier_n for_o a_o intend_a war_n and_o will_v lay_v it_o first_o down_n as_o the_o basis_n and_o groundsil_n of_o all_o military_a architecture_n and_o carry_v by_o they_o with_o such_o a_o ceremonious_a and_o grave_a respect_n as_o may_v best_o express_v the_o seriousness_n of_o the_o action_n and_o make_v the_o soldier_n understand_v what_o consequence_n the_o sequel_n import_v polybius_n who_o only_o remain_v of_o they_o that_o have_v write_v of_o the_o ancient_a fashion_n of_o the_o roman_a war_n among_o other_o part_n of_o their_o discipline_n have_v leave_v unto_o posterity_n a_o compendious_a relation_n of_o their_o muster_n and_o enrollment_n which_o with_o the_o help_n of_o other_o history_n may_v be_v thus_o understand_v upon_o the_o choice_n of_o their_o consul_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o every_o year_n polyb._n their_o custom_n be_v to_o enroll_v four_o legion_n 6._o two_o for_o either_o consul_n at_o which_o enrollment_n they_o first_o choose_v fourteen_o tribune_n out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o their_o gentleman_n who_o they_o call_v equites_fw-la these_o fourteen_o be_v such_o as_o have_v serve_v five_o year_n in_o the_o war_n whereby_o they_o become_v eligible_a of_o that_o dignity_n and_o again_o they_o choose_v ten_o other_o tribune_n out_o of_o the_o commonalty_n be_v such_o as_o
to_o the_o extraordinary_a labour_n of_o his_o soldier_n reward_v fore_o whereas_o they_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o their_o wintering-camp_n before_o winter_n be_v end_v and_o be_v carry_v unreasonable_o upon_o a_o service_n he_o reward_v they_o with_o the_o booty_n and_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n contrary_a to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o the_o roman_a warfare_n which_o reserve_v either_o all_o or_o the_o most_o part_n thereof_o for_o the_o public_a treasury_n and_o leave_v the_o soldier_n to_o his_o stipendiary_a entertainment_n which_o be_v a_o point_n very_o observable_a in_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o war_n wherein_o be_v require_v as_o well_o eminent_a and_o extraordinary_a attempt_n as_o common_a and_o usual_a duty_n and_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o wise_a commander_n be_v think_v worthy_a their_o answerable_a reward_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o gergovia_n as_o it_o follow_v in_o the_o seven_o commentary_n l._n fabius_n a_o centurion_n tell_v his_o companion_n that_o the_o booty_n and_o pillage_n which_o he_o have_v get_v at_o the_o take_n of_o avaricum_n will_v not_o suffer_v any_o man_n to_o get_v up_o upon_o the_o wall_n before_o himself_o and_o so_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o honourable_a attempt_n be_v honourable_o reward_v do_v as_o seed_v sow_v in_o good_a ground_n multiply_v the_o increase_n of_o like_a virtuous_a action_n and_o this_o be_v one_o principal_a mean_n which_o he_o use_v to_o give_v courage_n and_o valour_n to_o his_o soldier_n as_o when_o he_o go_v to_o get_v spain_n from_o pompey_n and_o that_o faction_n bell_n he_o borrow_a money_n of_o the_o tribune_n &_o centurion_n &_o give_v it_o in_o largess_n to_o the_o soldier_n whereby_o he_o gain_v as_o he_o say_v two_o advantage_n quod_fw-la pignore_fw-la animos_fw-la centurionum_fw-la devinxit_fw-la &_o largitione_n redemit_fw-la militum_fw-la voluntates_fw-la for_o he_o engage_v the_o centurion_n to_o he_o whilst_o he_o have_v this_o pledge_n from_o they_o and_o by_o his_o largesse_n purchase_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o soldier_n chap._n iii_o caesar_n summon_v a_o general_a council_n and_o carry_v his_o army_n against_o the_o senones_n a_o general_n councillor_n meet_v of_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n be_v summon_v caesar_n according_a to_o his_o first_o resolution_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n whereas_o all_o the_o rest_n save_v the_o senones_n carnutes_n and_o treviri_n make_v their_o appearance_n he_o conceive_v of_o it_o as_o the_o begin_n of_o war_n and_o defection_n and_o thereupon_o set_v all_o other_o thing_n aside_o he_o transfer_v the_o council_n to_o the_o city_n of_o paris_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o senones_n which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o father_n have_v unite_v their_o state_n unto_o they_o but_o be_v hold_v clear_a of_o this_o confederacy_n this_o thing_n be_v publish_v from_o the_o tribunal_n the_o same_o day_n he_o carry_v the_o legion_n against_o the_o senones_n and_o by_o great_a journey_n come_v into_o their_o country_n his_o come_v be_v know_v acco_n the_o chief_a author_n of_o that_o rebellion_n command_v the_o multitude_n to_o go_v into_o city_n and_o town_n of_o defence_n but_o as_o they_o endeavour_v before_o it_o can_v be_v accomplish_v news_n be_v bring_v that_o the_o roman_n be_v already_o come_v whereby_o they_o necessary_o leave_v off_o their_o purpose_n and_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o entreat_v for_o favour_n they_o use_v the_o mediation_n of_o the_o hedui_n who_o state_n have_v of_o old_a time_n be_v in_o faith_n and_o league_n with_o the_o roman_n caesar_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o hedui_n do_v willing_o afford_v they_o pardon_v and_o accept_v their_o excuse_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o judge_v the_o summer_n time_n fit_a to_o be_v spend_v in_o the_o war_n which_o be_v come_v on_o he_o rather_o than_o in_o matter_n of_o question_n and_o judgement_n and_o have_v command_v a_o hundred_o pledge_n he_o deliver_v they_o to_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o hedui_n the_o carnutes_n likewise_o send_v messenger_n and_o pledge_n and_o by_o the_o entreaty_n of_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n who_o client_n they_o be_v receive_v the_o same_o answer_n caesar_n end_v the_o council_n and_o command_v horseman_n to_o be_v send_v he_o from_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n the_o first_o observation_n it_o shall_v not_o seem_v impertinent_a to_o the_o reader_n that_o i_o take_v occasion_n here_o to_o say_v somewhat_o touch_v the_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o this_o parliament_n or_o councell-generall_a parliament_n wherein_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n or_o at_o the_o least_o such_o as_o do_v acknowledge_v the_o roman_a sovereignty_n present_v their_o fealty_n and_o be_v mutual_a witness_n of_o each_o other_o allegiance_n concern_v which_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o as_o all_o natural_a body_n have_v a_o transitory_a be_v depend_v upon_o motion_n and_o function_n of_o part_n so_o special_o state_n and_o commonweal_n as_o sympathize_v with_o natural_a cause_n have_v no_o certain_a continuance_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o be_v but_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o alteration_n of_o time_n and_o fortune_n and_o do_v pass_v the_o age_n of_o a_o natural_a life_n from_o infancy_n grow_v to_o better_a strength_n until_o it_o come_v to_o the_o best_a perfection_n which_o year_n can_v afford_v it_o and_o then_o decay_v again_o by_o like_a degree_n even_o to_o the_o period_n and_o death_n of_o that_o policy_n for_o remedy_v whereof_o and_o for_o the_o prevention_n of_o any_o weaken_a disease_n which_o may_v infect_v either_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o body_n or_o so_o possess_v any_o part_n thereof_o as_o it_o may_v thereby_o prove_v either_o dangerous_a or_o unprofitable_a among_o other_o help_n these_o counsel_n and_o meeting_n have_v be_v think_v necessary_a wherein_o every_o particular_a state_n and_o city_n have_v some_o of_o their_o society_n present_a as_o well_o to_o open_v their_o grievance_n if_o any_o be_v and_o to_o seek_v ease_n and_o relief_n by_o way_n of_o treaty_n and_o dispute_n as_o also_o to_o receive_v such_o direction_n and_o mandate_n as_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o prince_n shall_v think_v meet_a for_o their_o government_n for_o as_o this_o common_a council_n or_o general_a assembly_n may_v well_o be_v term_v the_o pulse_n of_o a_o politic_a body_n whereby_o the_o true_a state_n and_o temperature_n thereof_o be_v discern_v so_o be_v it_o also_o as_o a_o treaty_n or_o parley_n and_o a_o renew_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o peace_n between_o the_o head_n and_o the_o member_n where_o sovereignty_n and_o obedience_n be_v mutual_o propound_v do_v concur_v in_o the_o establish_n of_o true_a and_o perfect_a government_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o the_o politician_n of_o late_a time_n do_v in_o their_o write_n call_v the_o reduce_n of_o a_o common-weal_n to_o the_o first_o beginning_n for_o the_o noisome_a and_o superfluous_a humour_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v purge_v and_o abate_v the_o body_n of_o the_o public_a weal_n be_v refine_v into_o such_o true_a and_o natural_a element_n and_o settle_v in_o that_o disposition_n of_o health_n as_o may_v give_v great_a hope_n of_o long_a continuance_n beside_o this_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o these_o assembly_n there_o be_v many_o necessary_a business_n conclude_v and_o many_o thing_n agree_v unto_o serve_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o war_n against_o party_n and_o faction_n as_o namely_o the_o leviâ—s_n and_o supply_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n grant_v by_o this_o council_n as_o a_o subsidy_n which_o in_o the_o roman_a army_n receive_v stipend_n and_o pay_v by_o the_o name_n of_o auxiliary_a or_o associate_v force_n whereof_o we_o read_v in_o many_o place_n of_o these_o commentary_n and_o particular_o in_o this_o book_n but_o the_o roman_n use_v special_o the_o service_n of_o their_o horseman_n as_o the_o flower_n of_o their_o strength_n and_o far_o exceed_v their_o foot_n company_n in_o execution_n of_o arm_n and_o use_n of_o war_n wherein_o the_o gall_n have_v ever_o challenge_v a_o preeminence_n before_o other_o their_o neighbour_n nation_n and_o have_v continue_v the_o same_o reputation_n even_o unto_o this_o time_n footman_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o nimble_a and_o quick_a motion_n of_o their_o spirit_n which_o be_v better_o suit_v with_o the_o swift_a and_o speedy_a execution_n of_o horse_n then_o with_o any_o readiness_n which_o their_o own_o strength_n can_v afford_v they_o or_o what_o other_o cause_n it_o have_v i_o know_v not_o but_o this_o i_o be_o sure_a of_o that_o as_o the_o world_n take_v notice_n of_o their_o hot_a fantasy_n so_o will_v the_o french_a be_v reckon_v the_o best_a horseman_n of_o any_o other_o nation_n the_o last_o say_n which_o i_o observe_v concern_v this_o council_n be_v the_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v summon_v which_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o spring_n rather_o than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o
be_v do_v forasmuch_o as_o neither_o the_o legion_n dare_v go_v out_o of_o their_o winter_v camp_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o their_o general_n nor_o the_o general_n come_v to_o the_o legion_n without_o a_o convoy_n to_o conclude_v they_o hold_v it_o better_a to_o die_v in_o fight_n then_o to_o lose_v their_o ancient_a honour_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n and_o the_o liberty_n leave_v they_o by_o their_o predecessor_n observation_n this_o chapter_n discover_v such_o sparkle_n of_o revolt_n rise_v from_o the_o discontentment_n of_o the_o conquer_a gall_n as_o be_v like_a to_o break_v out_o into_o a_o universal_a burn_n and_o within_o a_o while_n prove_v such_o a_o fire_n as_o the_o like_a have_v not_o be_v see_v in_o the_o continent_n of_o gallia_n for_o this_o summer_n work_n verify_v the_o say_n of_o the_o samnite_n 3_o quod_fw-la pax_fw-la servientibus_fw-la gravior_n quam_fw-la liberis_fw-la bellum_fw-la esset_fw-la that_o peace_n be_v more_o grievous_a to_o those_o that_o be_v in_o vassalage_n than_o war_n be_v to_o free_a man_n and_o be_v carry_v on_o either_o part_n with_o such_o a_o resolution_n as_o in_o respect_n of_o this_o service_n neither_o the_o gall_n do_v before_o that_o time_n engage_v themselves_o serious_o in_o their_o country_n cause_n nor_o do_v the_o roman_n know_v the_o difficulty_n of_o their_o task_n but_o as_o epaminondas_n call_v the_o field_n of_o boeotia_n marcellus_n mars_n his_o scaffold_n where_o he_o keep_v his_o game_n or_o as_o xenophon_n name_v the_o city_n of_o ephesus_n the_o armourer_n shop_n so_o may_v gallia_n for_o this_o year_n be_v call_v the_o theatre_n of_o war_n the_o chief_a encouragement_n of_o the_o gall_n at_o this_o time_n be_v the_o trouble_n and_o dissension_n at_o rome_n about_o the_o death_n of_o clodius_n and_o the_o accusation_n of_o milo_n for_o kill_v clodius_n this_o clodius_n as_o plutarch_n report_v be_v a_o young_a man_n of_o a_o noble_a house_n cicero_n but_o wild_a and_o insolent_a and_o much_o condemn_v for_o profane_v a_o secret_a sacrifice_n which_o the_o lady_n of_o rome_n do_v celebrate_v in_o caesar_n house_n by_o come_v among_o they_o disguise_v in_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o young_a sing_a wench_n which_o he_o do_v for_o the_o love_n of_o pompeia_n caesar_n wife_n whereof_o be_v open_o accuse_v he_o be_v quit_v by_o secret_a mean_n which_o he_o make_v to_o the_o judge_n and_o afterward_o obtain_v the_o tribuneship_n of_o the_o people_n and_o cause_v cicero_n to_o be_v banish_v and_o do_v many_o outrage_n and_o insolence_n in_o his_o tribuneship_n which_o cause_v milo_n to_o kill_v he_o for_o which_o he_o be_v also_o accuse_v and_o the_o senate_n fear_v that_o this_o accusation_n of_o milo_n be_v a_o bold-spirited_n man_n and_o of_o good_a quality_n will_v move_v some_o uproar_n or_o sedition_n in_o the_o city_n they_o give_v commission_n to_o pompey_n to_o see_v justice_n execute_v as_o well_o in_o this_o cause_n as_o for_o other_o offence_n capiat_fw-la that_o the_o city_n may_v be_v quiet_a and_o the_o commonwealth_n suffer_v no_o detriment_n whereupon_o pompey_n possess_v the_o marketplace_n where_o the_o cause_n be_v to_o be_v hear_v with_o band_n of_o soldier_n and_o troop_n of_o arm_a man_n and_o these_o be_v the_o trouble_n in_o rome_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o clodius_n which_o the_o gall_n do_v take_v as_o a_o occasion_n of_o revolt_n hope_v thereby_o that_o caesar_n be_v in_o gallia_n cisalpina_n which_o province_n be_v allot_v to_o his_o government_n transâ—lpina_n as_o well_o as_o that_o gallia_n northward_o the_o alps_n will_v have_v be_v detain_v from_o his_o army_n chap._n ii_o the_o man_n of_o chartres_n take_v upon_o they_o the_o beginning_n of_o 〈◊〉_d under_o the_o conduction_n of_o cotuatus_n and_o conctodunus_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o dispute_v caesar_n the_o man_n of_o chartâ—es_n do_v make_v themselves_o the_o chief_a of_o that_o war_n refuse_v no_o danger_n for_o the_o common_a safety_n of_o their_o country_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o at_o that_o present_a they_o can_v not_o give_v caution_n by_o hostage_n lest_o the_o matter_n shall_v be_v discover_v they_o desire_v to_o have_v their_o covenant_n strengthen_v by_o oath_n and_o by_o mutual_a collation_n of_o their_o miâ—â—tary_a ensign_n which_o be_v the_o most_o religious_a ceremony_n they_o can_v use_v to_o bind_v the_o rest_n not_o to_o forsake_v they_o have_v make_v a_o entrance_n and_o beginning_n to_o that_o war_n the_o man_n of_o chartres_n be_v commend_v by_o the_o rest_n and_o the_o oath_n of_o all_o they_o that_o be_v present_a be_v take_v and_o a_o time_n appoint_v to_o begin_v they_o break_v up_o the_o assembly_n when_o the_o day_n come_v they_o of_o chartres_n under_o the_o conduction_n of_o cotuatus_n and_o conetodunus_fw-la two_o desperate_a fellow_n upon_o a_o watchword_n give_v run_v speedy_o to_o orleans_n genabum_n and_o such_o roman_a citizen_n as_o be_v there_o upon_o business_n namely_o c._n fusius_fw-la cotta_n a_o knight_n of_o rome_n who_o caesar_n have_v leave_v overseer_n of_o the_o provision_n of_o corn_n they_o slay_v and_o take_v their_o good_n the_o report_n thereof_o be_v quick_o spread_v over_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n for_o when_o any_o such_o great_a or_o extraordinary_a matter_n happen_v they_o signify_v it_o through_o the_o country_n by_o a_o outcry_n and_o shout_n which_o be_v take_v by_o other_o and_o deliver_v to_o the_o next_o and_o so_o go_v from_o hand_n to_o hand_n as_o it_o happen_v at_o this_o time_n for_o that_o which_o be_v do_v at_o genabum_n at_o sunrising_n be_v before_o the_o first_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n be_v end_v hear_v in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o arverni_n which_o be_v above_o a_o hundred_o and_o threescore_o mile_n distant_a observation_n this_o manner_n of_o outcry_n here_o mention_v to_o be_v usual_a in_o gallia_n be_v the_o same_o which_o remain_v in_o use_n at_o this_o present_a in_o wales_n hooboub_v although_o not_o so_o frequent_a as_o in_o former_a time_n for_o the_o custom_n be_v there_o as_o often_o as_o any_o robbery_n happen_v to_o be_v commit_v or_o any_o man_n to_o be_v slay_v or_o what_o other_o outrage_n or_o riot_n be_v do_v the_o next_o at_o hand_n do_v go_v to_o some_o eminent_a place_n where_o they_o may_v be_v best_a hear_v and_o there_o they_o make_v a_o outcry_n or_o howl_n which_o they_o call_v a_o hooboub_v signify_v the_o fact_n to_o the_o next_o inhabitant_n who_o take_v it_o as_o passionate_o and_o deliver_v it_o further_o and_o so_o from_o hand_n to_o hand_n it_o quick_o spread_v over_o all_o the_o country_n it_o be_v a_o very_a ready_a way_n to_o put_v the_o country_n in_o arm_n and_o be_v first_o devise_v as_o it_o seem_v for_o the_o stay_n and_o apprehension_n of_o robber_n and_o outlaw_n who_o keep_v in_o strong_a hold_n and_o live_v upon_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o border_a inhabitant_n but_o otherwise_o it_o savour_v of_o barbarism_n rather_o than_o of_o any_o civil_a government_n chap._n iii_o vercingetorix_n stir_v up_o the_o arverni_n to_o the_o like_a commotion_n and_o revolt_n in_o like_a manner_n vercingetorix_n the_o son_n of_o celtillus_fw-la caesar_n of_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o arverm_n a_o young_a man_n of_o great_a power_n and_o authority_n who_o father_n be_v the_o commander_n of_o all_o gallia_n and_o because_o he_o seek_v a_o kingdom_n be_v slay_v by_o those_o of_o his_o own_o state_n call_v together_o his_o follower_n and_o client_n do_v easy_o incense_v they_o to_o rebellion_n his_o purpose_n be_v know_v every_o man_n take_v arm_n and_o so_o he_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o the_o town_n of_o gergovia_n by_o gobanitio_fw-la his_o uncle_n &_o other_o prince_n who_o think_v it_o not_o safe_a to_o make_v trial_n of_o that_o fortune_n and_o yet_o he_o desist_v not_o but_o enroll_v needy_a and_o desperate_a people_n and_o with_o such_o troop_n who_o soever_o he_o meet_v withal_o of_o the_o state_n he_o do_v easy_o draw_v they_o to_o his_o party_n persuade_v they_o to_o take_v arm_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o common_a liberty_n and_o have_v at_o length_n get_v great_a force_n together_o he_o expel_v his_o adversary_n out_o of_o the_o town_n by_o who_o he_o be_v himself_o before_o thrust_v out_o he_o be_v call_v of_o his_o man_n by_o the_o title_n of_o king_n and_o send_v embassage_n into_o all_o part_n adjure_v they_o to_o continue_v constant_a and_o faithful_a the_o senones_n the_o parisii_n the_o pictones_n the_o cadurci_n the_o turones_n the_o aulerci_n the_o lemovicâ—s_n the_o andes_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n that_o border_n upon_o the_o ocean_n be_v quick_o make_v of_o his_o party_n and_o by_o all_o their_o consent_n the_o chief_a command_n be_v confer_v upon_o he_o which_o authority_n be_v offer_v he_o he_o command_v hostage_n to_o be_v bring_v in_o unto_o he_o from_o all_o those_o state_n and_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o
of_o the_o bituriges_n and_o march_v towards_o the_o country_n of_o the_o arverni_n but_o caesar_n have_v continue_v two_o day_n in_o those_o place_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o understand_v both_o by_o use_n and_o opinion_n what_o course_n vercingetorix_n be_v like_a to_o take_v he_o leave_v the_o army_n pretend_v some_o supply_n of_o horse_n which_o he_o go_v to_o raise_v and_o appoint_v young_a brutus_n to_o command_v those_o force_n admonish_v he_o to_o send_v out_o the_o horseman_n into_o all_o quarter_n and_o that_o he_o himself_o will_v not_o be_v absent_a from_o the_o camp_n above_o three_o day_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o settle_v none_o of_o his_o follower_n know_v his_o determination_n by_o great_a journey_n he_o come_v to_o vienna_n where_o take_v fresh_a horse_n which_o he_o have_v lay_v there_o many_o day_n before_o he_o cease_v neither_o night_n nor_o day_n until_o he_o come_v through_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o hedui_n to_o the_o lingones_n where_o two_o legion_n winter_v to_o the_o end_n if_o the_o hedui_n shall_v undertake_v any_o thing_n against_o he_o he_o may_v with_o speed_n prevent_v it_o be_v there_o he_o send_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o legion_n and_o bring_v they_o all_o to_o one_o place_n before_o the_o arverni_n can_v possible_o have_v notice_n of_o it_o observation_n caesar_n upon_o his_o first_o entrance_n into_o gallia_n commander_n be_v perplex_v how_o to_o get_v to_o his_o army_n and_o the_o matter_n stand_v in_o such_o term_n as_o bring_v either_o the_o legion_n or_o his_o own_o person_n into_o hazard_n for_o as_o he_o say_v if_o he_o shall_v send_v for_o the_o legion_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o they_o shall_v doubtless_o be_v fight_v withal_o by_o the_o way_n which_o he_o be_v loath_a to_o adventure_v unless_o himself_o have_v be_v present_a or_o otherwise_o if_o he_o himself_o have_v go_v unto_o they_o he_o doubt_v of_o the_o entertainment_n of_o the_o revolt_a gall_n and_o may_v have_v overthrow_v his_o army_n by_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o person_n in_o this_o extremity_n of_o choice_n he_o resolve_v upon_o his_o own_o passage_n to_o the_o army_n as_o less_o dangerous_a and_o more_o honourable_a rather_o than_o to_o call_v the_o legion_n out_o of_o their_o winter_v camp_n where_o they_o stand_v as_o a_o check_n to_o bridle_v the_o insolency_n of_o the_o mutinous_a gall_n and_o so_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o battle_n in_o fetch_v their_o general_n into_o the_o field_n whereby_o he_o may_v have_v lose_v the_o victory_n before_o he_o have_v begin_v the_o war_n and_o for_o his_o better_a safety_n in_o this_o passage_n he_o use_v this_o cunning_a have_v assure_v the_o roman_a province_n by_o strong_a and_o frequent_a garrison_n on_o the_o frontier_n and_o remove_v lucterius_n from_o those_o part_n gather_v together_o such_o supply_n as_o he_o have_v bring_v with_o he_o out_o of_o italy_n with_o other_o force_n which_o he_o find_v in_o the_o province_n he_o go_v speedy_o into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o aveugle_n arverni_n make_v a_o way_n over_o the_o hill_n geneve_n gebenna_n at_o such_o a_o time_n of_o the_o year_n as_o make_v it_o unpassable_a for_o any_o force_n have_v they_o not_o be_v lead_v by_o caesar_n only_o for_o this_o purpose_n to_o have_v it_o noise_v abroad_o that_o whereas_o vercingetorix_n and_o the_o arverni_n have_v principal_o undertake_v the_o quarrel_n against_o the_o roman_n and_o make_v the_o beginning_n of_o a_o new_a war_n caesar_z will_v first_o deal_v with_o they_o and_o lay_v the_o weight_n thereof_o upon_o their_o shoulder_n by_o call_v their_o fortune_n first_o in_o question_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v possess_v the_o world_n with_o a_o opinion_n of_o his_o presence_n in_o that_o country_n and_o draw_v vercingetorix_n back_o again_o to_o defend_v his_o state_n whilst_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n do_v slip_v to_o his_o army_n without_o suspicion_n or_o fear_n of_o peril_n for_o stay_v there_o no_o long_o then_o may_v serve_v to_o give_v a_o sufficient_a colour_n to_o that_o pretence_n and_o leave_v those_o force_n to_o execute_v the_o rest_n and_o to_o make_v good_a the_o secret_a of_o the_o project_n he_o convey_v himself_o to_o his_o army_n with_o such_o speed_n and_o celerity_n caesaris_fw-la as_o do_v verify_v the_o say_n of_o suetonius_n quod_fw-la persaepe_fw-la nuncios_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la praevenit_fw-la that_o he_o often_o outgo_v the_o ordinary_a messenger_n these_o blind_v and_o false_a intendment_n be_v of_o special_a use_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n and_o serve_v as_o well_o to_o get_v advantage_n upon_o a_o enemy_n as_o to_o clear_v a_o difficulty_n by_o cleanly_a evasion_n neither_o be_v a_o commander_n the_o less_o value_v for_o fine_a conveyance_n in_o military_a project_n but_o deserve_v rather_o great_a honour_n for_o add_v art_n unto_o valour_n and_o supplant_n the_o strength_n of_o opposition_n with_o the_o sleight_n of_o wit_n dolus_fw-la a_o virtus_fw-la quis_fw-la in_o host_n requirit_fw-la who_o look_v at_o fraud_n or_o valour_n in_o a_o foe_n have_v always_o be_v hold_v a_o principle_n among_o man_n of_o war_n and_o lisander_n his_o counsel_n be_v the_o same_o in_o effect_n that_o where_o the_o lion_n skin_n will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n there_o take_v the_o fox_n carbo_n speak_v it_o to_o the_o commendation_n of_o sylla_n that_o he_o have_v to_o do_v both_o with_o a_o lion_n and_o a_o fox_n but_o he_o fear_v more_o his_o fox_n pate_n then_o his_o lion_n skin_n it_o be_v report_v that_o hannibal_n excel_v all_o other_o of_o his_o time_n for_o abuse_v the_o enemy_n in_o matter_n of_o stratagem_n for_o he_o never_o make_v fight_v but_o with_o a_o addition_n of_o assistant_n support_v force_n with_o art_n and_o the_o fury_n of_o arm_n with_o the_o subtlety_n of_o wit_n of_o late_a time_n among_o other_o practice_n of_o this_o nature_n the_o treaty_n at_o ostend_n be_v most_o memorable_a entertain_v only_o to_o gain_v time_n that_o while_o speech_n of_o parley_n be_v continue_v and_o pledge_n deliver_v to_o the_o archduke_n albertus_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o such_o as_o be_v send_v into_o the_o town_n to_o capitulate_v with_o the_o general_n there_o may_v be_v time_n gain_v for_o the_o send_n in_o of_o such_o supply_n of_o man_n and_o munition_n as_o be_v want_v to_o make_v good_a the_o defence_n thereof_o which_o be_v no_o soon_o take_v in_o but_o the_o treaty_n prove_v a_o stratagem_n of_o war_n in_o these_o foil_n and_o trick_n of_o wit_n which_o at_o all_o time_n and_o in_o all_o age_n have_v be_v high_o esteem_v in_o man_n of_o war_n as_o special_a virtue_n beseem_v the_o condition_n of_o a_o great_a commander_n if_o it_o be_v demand_v how_o far_o a_o general_n may_v proceed_v in_o abuse_v a_o enemy_n by_o deed_n or_o word_n i_o can_v speak_v distinct_o to_o the_o question_n but_o sure_o i_o be_o that_o surena_n lieutenant_n general_a of_o the_o parthian_a army_n do_v his_o master_n good_a service_n in_o abuse_v crassus_n the_o roman_a general_n by_o fair_a promise_n or_o as_o plutarch_n say_v crassus_n by_o foul_a perjury_n till_o in_o the_o end_n he_o bring_v his_o head_n to_o be_v a_o actor_n in_o a_o tragedy_n albeit_o surena_n never_o deserve_v well_o of_o good_a report_n since_o that_o time_n howsoever_o man_n of_o civil_a society_n ought_v not_o to_o draw_v this_o into_o use_n from_o the_o example_n of_o soldier_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o profession_n of_o cut_v of_o throat_n and_o have_v no_o prescription_n but_o in_o extremity_n of_o war_n chap._n v._n vercingetorix_n besige_v gergovia_n caesar_n take_v in_o vellaunodunum_n and_o genabum_n this_o be_v know_v caesar_n vercingetorix_n bring_v back_o his_o army_n again_o into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bituriges_n and_o thence_o march_v to_o besiege_v gergovia_n a_o town_n hold_v by_o the_o boii_n who_o caesar_n have_v leave_v there_o after_o the_o helvetian_a war_n and_o give_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o town_n to_o the_o hedui_n which_o bring_v caesar_n into_o great_a perplexity_n whether_o he_o shall_v keep_v the_o legion_n in_o one_o place_n for_o that_o time_n of_o winter_n which_o remain_v and_o so_o suffer_v the_o stipendary_n of_o the_o hedui_n to_o be_v take_v and_o spoil_v whereby_o all_o gallia_n may_v take_v occasion_n to_o revolt_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o roman_n shall_v seem_v to_o afford_v no_o protection_n or_o countenance_n to_o their_o friend_n or_o otherwise_o draw_v his_o army_n out_o of_o their_o wintering-camp_n soon_o then_o be_v usual_a and_o thereby_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o difficulty_n of_o provision_n and_o carriage_n of_o corn_n notwithstanding_o it_o seem_v better_a and_o so_o he_o resolve_v rather_o to_o undergo_v all_o difficulty_n then_o by_o take_v such_o a_o scorn_n to_o loose_v the_o good_a will_n of_o all_o his_o follower_n and_o therefore_o
a_o town_n lie_v in_o his_o way_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o bituriges_n call_v noviodunum_n which_o they_o of_o the_o town_n perceive_v send_v out_o unto_o he_o to_o beseech_v he_o to_o spare_v they_o and_o to_o give_v order_n for_o their_o safety_n to_o the_o end_n therefore_o that_o he_o may_v speed_v thaâ—_n business_n with_o as_o much_o celerity_n as_o he_o have_v accomplish_v former_a service_n he_o command_v they_o to_o bring_v out_o their_o arm_n their_o horse_n and_o to_o deliver_v pledge_n part_v of_o the_o hostage_n be_v give_v while_o the_o rest_n be_v in_o deliver_v over_o divers_a centurion_n and_o a_o few_o soldier_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o town_n to_o seek_v out_o their_o weapon_n and_o their_o horse_n the_o horseman_n of_o the_o enemy_n which_o march_v before_o vercingetorix_n army_n be_v discover_v a_o far_o off_o which_o the_o townsman_n have_v no_o soon_o perceive_v and_o thereby_o conceive_v some_o hope_n of_o relief_n but_o they_o present_o take_v up_o a_o shout_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o arm_n shut_v the_o gate_n and_o begin_v to_o make_v good_a the_o wall_n the_o centurion_n that_o be_v in_o the_o town_n perceive_v some_o new_a resolution_n of_o the_o gall_n with_o their_o sword_n draw_v possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o gate_n and_o save_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o man_n that_o be_v in_o the_o town_n caesar_n command_v the_o horseman_n to_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o to_o begin_v the_o charge_n and_o as_o they_o begin_v to_o give_v ground_n he_o send_v four_o hundred_o german_a horseman_n to_o second_v they_o who_o he_o have_v resolve_v to_o keep_v with_o he_o from_o the_o first_o who_o charge_v the_o enemy_n with_o such_o fury_n that_o the_o gall_n can_v no_o way_n endure_v the_o assault_n but_o be_v present_o put_v to_o flight_n and_o many_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v the_o rest_n retire_v back_o to_o the_o army_n upon_o their_o overthrow_n the_o townsman_n be_v worse_o affright_v than_o they_o be_v before_o and_o have_v apprehend_v such_o as_o be_v think_v to_o have_v stir_v up_o the_o people_n they_o bring_v they_o to_o caesar_n and_o yield_v themselves_o unto_o he_o which_o be_v end_v caesar_n march_v towards_o the_o town_n of_o avaricum_n which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o best_a fortify_v of_o all_o the_o town_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o bituriges_n and_o situate_v in_o the_o most_o fertile_a part_n of_o the_o country_n for_o that_o be_v take_v in_o he_o doubt_v not_o to_o bring_v the_o whole_a state_n of_o the_o bituriges_n easy_o into_o his_o subjection_n observation_n forasmuch_o as_o nothing_o be_v more_o changeable_a than_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n which_o notwithstanding_o the_o low_a degree_n of_o baseness_n wherein_o it_o often_o sit_v will_v as_o occasion_n give_v way_n to_o revenge_n ready_o amount_v to_o the_o height_n of_o tyranny_n and_o spare_v no_o labour_n to_o cry_v quittance_n with_o a_o enemy_n it_o have_v be_v think_v expedient_a in_o the_o wisdom_n of_o forego_v age_n to_o pluck_v the_o wing_n of_o so_o mount_v a_o bird_n and_o to_o deprive_v a_o enemy_n of_o such_o mean_n as_o may_v give_v hope_n of_o liberty_n by_o mutiny_n and_o revolt_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o take_v in_o any_o town_n enemy_n be_v to_o leave_v they_o forceless_a that_o howsoever_o they_o may_v stand_v affect_v their_o nail_n shall_v be_v sure_o pay_v for_o scratch_v and_o their_o power_n confine_v to_o the_o circuit_n of_o their_o mind_n for_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o this_o and_o many_o other_o place_n of_o caesar_n no_o rendry_n of_o any_o town_n be_v accept_v until_o they_o have_v deliver_v all_o their_o arm_n both_o offensive_a and_o defensive_a with_o such_o engine_n and_o instrument_n of_o war_n as_o may_v any_o way_n make_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o same_o neither_o that_o only_a but_o such_o beast_n also_o whether_o horse_n or_o elephant_n or_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o as_o may_v any_o way_n advantage_n the_o use_n of_o those_o weapon_n which_o as_o it_o be_v a_o great_a dismay_n and_o weaken_n to_o the_o enemy_n so_o be_v it_o short_a of_o the_o three_o condition_n command_v the_o delivery_n of_o so_o many_o hostage_n or_o pledge_n as_o be_v think_v convenient_a be_v the_o prime_n of_o their_o youth_n and_o the_o flower_n of_o their_o manhood_n and_o be_v as_o the_o marrow_n to_o their_o bone_n and_o the_o sinew_n to_o that_o body_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o remnant_n be_v much_o disable_v in_o strength_n concern_v their_o number_n of_o fight_a man_n and_o such_o as_o be_v leave_v have_v neither_o arm_n nor_o mean_n to_o make_v resistance_n the_o turk_n observe_v the_o same_o course_n with_o the_o christian_n but_o in_o a_o more_o cruel_a and_o barbarous_a manner_n for_o he_o come_v due_o at_o a_o certain_a time_n not_o regard_v any_o former_a demeanour_n and_o lead_v away_o the_o flower_n of_o their_o youth_n to_o be_v invest_v in_o impiety_n and_o infidelity_n and_o to_o be_v make_v vassal_n of_o heathenish_a impurity_n oftentimes_o we_o read_v that_o a_o conquer_a people_n be_v not_o only_o interdict_v arm_n but_o the_o matter_n also_o and_o the_o art_n whereby_o such_o arm_n be_v make_v and_o wrought_v for_o where_o the_o people_n be_v great_a and_o mettle_n and_o matter_n plenty_n it_o be_v a_o chance_n if_o artificer_n be_v want_v to_o repair_v their_o loss_n and_o to_o refurnish_v their_o armoury_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o carthage_n the_o roman_n have_v take_v away_o their_o arm_n they_o notwithstanding_o find_v store_n of_o mettle_n within_o the_o town_n cause_v workman_n to_o make_v every_o day_n a_o hundred_o target_n and_o three_o hundred_o sword_n beside_o arrow_n and_o cast_a sling_n use_v woman_n hair_n for_o want_v of_o hemp_n and_o pull_v down_o their_o house_n for_o timber_n to_o build_v ship_v whereby_o we_o may_v perceive_v that_o a_o general_n can_v be_v too_o careful_a to_o deprive_v a_o enemy_n of_o all_o such_o help_n as_o may_v any_o way_n strengthen_v his_o hand_n or_o make_v way_n to_o resistance_n chap._n vii_o vercingetorix_n persuade_v the_o gall_n to_o a_o new_a course_n of_o war_n vercingetorix_n have_v receive_v so_o many_o loss_n one_o in_o the_o neck_n of_o another_o caesar_n conte_z vellaunodunum_n orâ—â—â—ns_n genabum_n &_o noyon_n noviodunum_n be_v take_v he_o call_v his_o man_n to_o council_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o war_n must_v be_v carry_v in_o another_o course_n than_o it_o have_v be_v heretofore_o for_o they_o must_v endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o keep_v the_o roman_n from_o forage_n and_o convoy_n of_o victual_n which_o will_v easy_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v forasmuch_o as_o they_o themselves_o do_v abound_v in_o horseman_n and_o for_o that_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n do_v not_o yet_o serve_v to_o get_v forage_n in_o the_o field_n the_o enemy_n must_v necessary_o seek_v it_o in_o house_n and_o barn_n whereby_o the_o forager_n will_v daily_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o their_o horseman_n moreover_o for_o their_o safety_n and_o defence_n they_o be_v to_o neglect_v their_o private_a commodity_n their_o house_n and_o their_o village_n be_v to_o be_v burn_v up_o round_o about_o as_o far_o as_o boia_n wheresoever_o the_o roman_n may_v go_v to_o fetch_v their_o forage_n for_o themselves_o they_o think_v it_o reason_n that_o they_o shall_v make_v supply_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n in_o who_o possession_n they_o be_v and_o for_o who_o they_o fight_v by_o this_o mean_v the_o rom._n will_v never_o be_v able_a to_o endure_v that_o want_n as_o will_v befall_v they_o or_o at_o the_o least_o be_v constrain_v to_o fetch_v their_o provision_n far_o off_o with_o great_a danger_n and_o peril_n to_o themselves_o neither_o do_v it_o make_v any_o matter_n whether_o they_o kill_v they_o or_o put_v they_o beside_o their_o carriage_n for_o without_o necessary_a supply_n they_o be_v never_o able_a to_o hold_v war_n and_o to_o conclude_v such_o town_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n as_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o situation_n be_v not_o safe_a from_o danger_n lest_o they_o shall_v prove_v receptacle_n to_o linger_v and_o detract_v the_o war_n and_o serve_v the_o roman_n for_o booty_n and_o supply_n of_o provision_n and_o albeit_o these_o thing_n may_v seem_v heavy_a and_o bitter_a yet_o they_o ought_v to_o esteem_v it_o more_o grievous_a to_o have_v their_o wife_n and_o their_o child_n lead_v away_o into_o servitude_n and_o themselves_o to_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o sword_n of_o the_o enemy_n which_o do_v necessary_o fall_v upon_o a_o conquer_a people_n this_o opinion_n be_v general_o approve_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o man_n and_o more_o than_o twenty_o city_n of_o the_o bituriges_n be_v burn_v in_o one_o day_n the_o like_a be_v do_v in_o other_o state_n
they_o at_o any_o time_n depart_v and_o leave_v the_o business_n undo_v it_o will_v be_v impute_v unto_o they_o as_o a_o ignominy_n and_o disgrace_n to_o leave_v this_o siege_n and_o that_o they_o have_v rather_o undergo_v all_o difficulty_n than_o not_o to_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o rome_n that_o by_o treachery_n be_v slay_v at_o genabum_n the_o same_o speech_n they_o deliver_v to_o the_o centurion_n and_o tribune_n to_o be_v tell_v caesar_n the_o first_o observation_n the_o worth_n of_o a_o soldier_n consist_v in_o a_o disposition_n of_o mind_n and_o body_n valour_n which_o make_v he_o apt_a to_o suffer_v and_o to_o undergo_v the_o difficulty_n of_o war_n for_o let_v his_o resolution_n otherwise_o be_v never_o so_o great_a and_o his_o courage_n invincible_a in_o the_o day_n of_o battle_n yet_o if_o he_o faint_v under_o the_o burden_n of_o such_o tediousness_n as_o usual_o attend_v upon_o warlike_a designment_n he_o be_v no_o way_n fit_a for_o any_o great_a enterprise_n pindarus_n say_v that_o he_o understand_v not_o the_o war_n that_o know_v not_o that_o the_o achieve_v of_o one_o piece_n of_o service_n be_v always_o accompany_v with_o the_o sufferance_n of_o another_o difficulty_n as_o great_a as_o that_o which_o be_v first_o intend_v et_fw-la facere_fw-la &_o pati_fw-la fortia_fw-la romanum_fw-la est_fw-la it_o be_v the_o peculiar_a commendation_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n patient_o to_o endure_v the_o extremity_n of_o warfare_n which_o make_v the_o volsci_n to_o cry_v out_o that_o either_o they_o must_v forswear_v arm_n and_o forget_v to_o make_v war_n and_o receive_v the_o yoke_n of_o thraldom_n and_o bondage_n 6._o aut_fw-la this_fw-mi quibuscum_fw-la de_fw-la imperio_fw-la certetur_fw-la nec_fw-la virtute_fw-la nec_fw-la patientia_fw-la nec_fw-la disciplina_fw-la rei_fw-la militaris_fw-la cedendum_fw-la or_o else_o they_o must_v show_v themselves_o no_o way_n inferior_a to_o their_o antagonist_n either_o in_o valour_n or_o sufferance_n or_o military_a discipline_n appian_n forget_v not_o to_o say_v that_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v raise_v to_o such_o greatness_n not_o by_o fortune_n or_o good_a luck_n but_o by_o mere_a valour_n and_o patient_a endure_v of_o hardness_n and_o want_n which_o be_v the_o selfsame_a which_o crassus_n in_o his_o sorrow_n utter_v to_o his_o soldier_n who_o neither_o do_v nor_o speak_v many_o thing_n well_o crassus_n for_o as_o plutarch_n right_o censure_v he_o out_o of_o the_o comical_a poet_n he_o be_v a_o good_a man_n any_o way_n else_o but_o in_o war_n the_o empire_n of_o rome_n say_v he_o come_v not_o to_o that_o greatness_n which_o it_o now_o possess_v by_o good_a fortune_n only_o but_o by_o patient_a and_o constant_a suffering_n of_o trouble_n and_o adversity_n never_o yield_v or_o give_v place_n to_o any_o danger_n some_o italian_a writer_n be_v of_o a_o opinion_n principe_fw-la that_o the_o two_o chief_a part_n of_o a_o soldier_n valour_n and_o sufferance_n be_v in_o these_o time_n divide_v unto_o two_o nation_n the_o french_a and_o the_o spaniard_n the_o spaniard_n make_v war_n rather_o by_o sufferance_n then_o by_o violence_n of_o assault_n and_o the_o french_a impatient_a of_o delay_n and_o furious_a in_o assault_n so_o that_o according_a to_o his_o opinion_n a_o spaniard_n &_o a_o frenchman_n will_v make_v one_o good_a soldier_n touch_v the_o spaniard_n i_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o he_o have_v the_o name_n of_o one_o of_o the_o best_a soldier_n in_o christendom_n and_o i_o do_v glad_o allow_v all_o that_o virtue_n can_v challenge_v for_o truth_n will_v prevail_v against_o all_o affection_n yet_o i_o may_v say_v thus_o much_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o our_o own_o people_n that_o we_o have_v seldom_o lose_v honour_n in_o confront_v any_o nation_n concern_v the_o sufferance_n and_o patient_a endure_v of_o hardness_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o the_o spaniard_n be_v able_a to_o live_v long_o with_o a_o little_a it_o may_v peradventure_o not_o unfit_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o property_n of_o their_o country_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o climate_n which_o will_v not_o bear_v nor_o digest_v such_o plenty_n of_o food_n as_o be_v require_v in_o cold_a country_n and_o thereupon_o be_v bear_v to_o so_o weak_a a_o digestion_n they_o be_v as_o well_o satisfy_v with_o a_o root_n or_o a_o salad_n as_o other_o with_o better_a plenty_n of_o food_n and_o therein_o they_o go_v beyond_o other_o nation_n of_o the_o french_a i_o say_v nothing_o but_o leave_v they_o to_o make_v good_a the_o opinion_n of_o the_o italian_a writer_n suetonius_n witness_v of_o caesar_n that_o he_o himself_o be_v laboris_fw-la ultra_fw-la fidem_fw-la patience_n one_o that_o endure_v toil_n beyond_o belief_n whereby_o he_o may_v the_o better_o move_v his_o army_n to_o endure_v with_o patience_n the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o siege_n and_o yet_o so_o artificial_o as_o he_o seem_v rather_o willing_a to_o leave_v it_o uneffected_a then_o to_o impose_v any_o burden_n upon_o they_o which_o they_o themselves_o shall_v be_v unwilling_a to_o bear_v the_o rather_o to_o draw_v the_o legion_n to_o engage_v themselves_o therein_o by_o deny_v to_o forsake_v it_o then_o to_o cast_v that_o upon_o they_o which_o their-unwillingnesse_n may_v easy_o have_v put_v off_o the_o second_o observation_n we_o may_v further_o observe_v the_o mean_v the_o soldier_n use_v to_o acquaint_v caesar_n with_o their_o desire_n which_o be_v by_o the_o tribune_n and_o centurion_n for_o as_o these_o be_v mediate_a officer_n between_o the_o general_n and_o they_o and_o deliver_v the_o mandate_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o emperor_n to_o the_o soldier_n so_o do_v the_o soldier_n use_v their_o help_n to_o make_v know_v unto_o he_o their_o request_n as_o beside_o this_o place_n may_v appear_v in_o the_o first_o commentary_n where_o they_o desire_v to_o give_v he_o satisfaction_n touch_v the_o fear_n they_o have_v conceive_v of_o ariovistus_n and_o the_o german_n which_o they_o likewise_o do_v by_o the_o centurion_n and_o tribune_n chap._n ix_o caesar_n leave_v the_o siege_n and_o go_v to_o take_v the_o enemy_n upon_o advantage_n but_o return_v again_o without_o fight_v when_o the_o tower_n begin_v to_o approach_v near_o unto_o the_o wall_n caesar_n caesar_n understand_v by_o the_o captive_n that_o vercingetorix_n have_v consume_v all_o his_o provision_n of_o forage_n have_v remove_v his_o camp_n near_o to_o avaricum_n and_o that_o he_o himself_o be_v go_v with_o the_o cavalry_n and_o such_o ready_a footman_n as_o be_v accustom_v to_o fight_v among_o the_o horseman_n to_o lie_v in_o ambush_n in_o that_o place_n where_o he_o think_v our_o man_n will_v come_v a_o forage_v the_o next_o day_n which_o be_v know_v set_v forward_o about_o midnight_n in_o silence_n in_o the_o morning_n he_o come_v to_o the_o enemy_n camp_n they_o have_v speedy_a advertisement_n by_o their_o scout_n of_o caesar_n come_n do_v hide_v their_o carriage_n in_o the_o wood_n and_o imbattel_v all_o their_o force_n in_o a_o eminent_a and_o open_a place_n which_o be_v tell_v caesar_n he_o command_v the_o baggage_n to_o be_v speedy_o lay_v together_o and_o their_o arm_n to_o be_v make_v ready_a there_o be_v a_o hill_n of_o a_o gentle_a rise_n from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o top_n encompass_v round_o about_o with_o a_o difficult_a and_o troublesome_a bog_n of_o fifty_o foot_n in_o breadth_n upon_o this_o hill_n the_o bridge_n be_v break_v the_o gall_n keep_v themselves_o trust_v to_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n and_o be_v distribute_v into_o company_n according_a to_o their_o several_a state_n they_o keep_v all_o the_o ford_n and_o passage_n of_o the_o bog_n with_o watch_n with_o this_o resolution_n that_o if_o the_o roman_n do_v pass_v over_o the_o bog_n they_o may_v easy_o from_o the_o high_a ground_n keep_v they_o under_o as_o they_o stick_v in_o the_o mire_n who_o little_a reckon_n of_o so_o small_a a_o distance_n will_v deem_v the_o fight_n to_o be_v upon_o equal_a term_n whereas_o they_o themselves_o well_o know_v the_o inequality_n of_o the_o condition_n do_v make_v but_o a_o vain_a and_o idle_a ostentation_n the_o soldier_n disdain_v that_o the_o enemy_n can_v endure_v their_o presence_n so_o near_o at_o hand_n and_o require_v the_o sign_n of_o battle_n caesar_n acquaint_v they_o with_o what_o detriment_n and_o loss_n of_o many_o valiant_a man_n the_o victory_n must_v at_o that_o time_n be_v buy_v who_o be_v so_o resolute_a that_o they_o refuse_v no_o danger_n to_o purchase_v he_o honour_n he_o may_v well_o be_v condemn_v of_o great_a ingratitude_n and_o villainy_n if_o their_o life_n be_v not_o dear_a unto_o he_o than_o his_o own_o safety_n and_o so_o comfort_v the_o soldier_n he_o bring_v they_o back_o again_o the_o same_o day_n into_o the_o camp_n and_o give_v order_n for_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o siege_n of_o the_o town_n observation_n this_o chapter_n have_v divers_a
special_a particular_n worthy_a observation_n the_o first_o be_v the_o opportunity_n which_o caesar_n take_v to_o visit_v the_o army_n of_o the_o gall_n when_o vercingetorix_n be_v absent_a and_o go_v to_o lie_v in_o ambush_n for_o the_o roman_a forager_n which_o be_v a_o caveat_n to_o vercingetorix_n not_o to_o be_v too_o busy_a with_o the_o roman_a convoy_n lest_o his_o absence_n may_v draw_v on_o such_o a_o inconvenience_n as_o may_v make_v he_o repent_v for_o go_v a_o birding_n the_o second_o be_v the_o inequality_n which_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n give_v to_o a_o party_n which_o i_o have_v already_o so_o often_o speak_v of_o as_o i_o be_o almost_o weary_a to_o repeat_v it_o and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o i_o have_v produce_v this_o passage_n in_o the_o former_a book_n to_o signify_v the_o benefit_n of_o such_o a_o advantage_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v so_o pregnant_a to_o that_o effect_n as_o may_v well_o deserve_v a_o double_a consideration_n and_o be_v also_o produce_v by_o caesar_n himself_o upon_o occasion_n at_o gergovia_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o note_v how_o much_o it_o sway_v to_o counterpoise_v the_o want_n of_o the_o adverse_a party_n wherein_o as_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o it_o may_v give_v such_o help_n as_o may_v make_v a_o small_a number_n equal_v a_o far_o great_a proportion_n of_o man_n so_o in_o caesar_n judgement_n it_o countervail_v the_o absence_n of_o the_o general_n general_n and_o make_v the_o body_n perfect_a without_o the_o head_n neither_o be_v they_o weaken_v only_o with_o the_o absence_n of_o their_o general_n but_o their_o cavalry_n wherein_o they_o so_o much_o trust_v be_v absent_a likewise_o and_o yet_o more_o than_o that_o too_o by_o how_o much_o the_o roman_a legion_n excel_v the_o gall_n in_o valour_n and_o prowess_n of_o arm_n which_o be_v all_o put_v together_o be_v no_o small_a advantage_n for_o doubtless_o if_o the_o matter_n have_v stand_v upon_o equal_a term_n touch_v the_o place_n neither_o the_o presence_n of_o vercingetorix_n nor_o the_o addition_n of_o their_o cavalry_n to_o assist_v they_o have_v hinder_v the_o battle_n or_o turn_v the_o roman_n back_o to_o their_o camp_n the_o three_o thing_n be_v the_o moderation_n which_o he_o show_v forbear_v to_o fight_v the_o gall_n insolent_o vaunt_v and_o the_o roman_a soldier_n fret_v and_o disdain_v the_o enemy_n pride_n whereby_o he_o settle_v such_o a_o confidence_n of_o his_o direction_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o his_o man_n by_o shun_v the_o peril_n of_o apparent_a danger_n which_o may_v fall_v upon_o they_o in_o particular_a as_o afterward_o they_o will_v make_v no_o question_n of_o his_o command_n but_o take_v they_o as_o the_o only_a mean_n of_o their_o safety_n be_v never_o better_a assure_v then_o in_o perform_v what_o he_o command_v the_o practice_n of_o late_a time_n have_v not_o so_o well_o deserve_v of_o that_o virtue_n but_o have_v often_o show_v itself_o more_o prodigal_a of_o blood_n as_o though_o man_n be_v make_v only_o to_o fill_v up_o ditch_n and_o to_o be_v the_o woeful_a executioner_n of_o other_o man_n rashness_n the_o last_o thing_n be_v the_o make_v ready_a of_o their_o weapon_n arma_fw-la expediri_fw-la iussit_fw-la concern_v which_o point_n we_o must_v understand_v that_o the_o roman_n always_o carry_v their_o target_n in_o case_n and_o do_v hang_v their_o helmet_n at_o their_o back_n and_o fit_v their_o pile_n as_o may_v be_v most_o convenient_a with_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o carriage_n and_o therefore_o whensoever_o they_o be_v to_o give_v battle_n they_o be_v first_o to_o put_v on_o their_o helmet_n to_o uncase_v their_o target_n to_o fit_v their_o pile_n and_o to_o make_v they_o ready_a for_o the_o charge_n and_o this_o be_v call_v arma_fw-la expedire_fw-la chap._n x._o vercingetorix_n excuse_v himself_o to_o the_o gall_n for_o his_o absence_n vercingetorix_n return_v back_o to_o the_o army_n caesar_n be_v accuse_v of_o treason_n in_o that_o he_o have_v remove_v his_o camp_n near_o unto_o the_o roman_n and_o further_o that_o he_o have_v go_v away_o from_o it_o and_o take_v all_o the_o cavalry_n with_o he_o that_o he_o have_v leave_v so_o great_a a_o army_n without_o any_o one_o to_o command_v it_o that_o upon_o his_o departure_n the_o roman_n shall_v come_v so_o opportune_o and_o so_o speedy_o for_o all_o these_o thing_n can_v not_o fall_v out_o by_o chance_n without_o counsel_n and_o direction_n it_o seem_v he_o have_v rather_o have_v the_o kingdom_n of_o gallia_n by_o a_o grant_n from_o caesar_n then_o by_o their_o mean_n and_o gift_n be_v thus_o charge_v he_o answer_v that_o he_o remove_v the_o camp_n for_o want_v of_o forage_n they_o themselves_o desire_v it_o he_o come_v near_o unto_o the_o roman_n be_v lead_v thereunto_o by_o the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n which_o be_v such_o as_o may_v defend_v itself_o by_o its_o own_o strength_n the_o cavalry_n be_v of_o no_o use_n in_o a_o boggy_a place_n but_o may_v do_v good_a service_n there_o where_o it_o go_v he_o leave_v no_o man_n to_o command_v the_o army_n of_o purpose_n lest_o by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o multitude_n he_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o fight_v which_o he_o know_v they_o all_o desire_v as_o not_o able_a long_o to_o endure_v any_o labour_n if_o the_o roman_n come_v by_o chance_n they_o be_v to_o thank_v fortune_n if_o by_o any_o man_n direction_n they_o be_v behold_v unto_o he_o that_o have_v bring_v they_o where_o they_o may_v from_o the_o high_a ground_n both_o see_v how_o small_a a_o number_n they_o be_v and_o contemn_v their_o valour_n who_o not_o dare_v to_o fight_v do_v shameful_o return_v into_o their_o camp_n he_o desire_v to_o receive_v no_o imperial_a dignity_n by_o treachery_n from_o caesar_n which_o he_o may_v otherwise_o have_v by_o lawful_a victory_n which_o be_v now_o most_o certain_a and_o sure_a both_o to_o himself_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o for_o that_o authority_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v from_o they_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o give_v it_o up_o into_o their_o hand_n again_o if_o they_o think_v the_o honour_n which_o they_o give_v he_o to_o be_v great_a than_o the_o help_n and_o safety_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o he_o and_o to_o the_o end_n you_o may_v understand_v these_o thing_n to_o be_v true_o deliver_v by_o i_o say_v he_o hear_v the_o roman_a soldier_n and_o therewithal_o he_o bring_v forth_o servant_n which_o be_v take_v forage_v a_o few_o day_n before_o miserable_o torment_v with_o famine_n and_o iron_n they_o be_v teach_v beforehand_o what_o to_o answer_v say_v they_o be_v legionary_a soldier_n and_o have_v steal_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n to_o see_v if_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o any_o corn_n or_o cattle_n in_o the_o field_n the_o whole_a army_n suffer_v the_o like_a penury_n and_o man_n strength_n begin_v to_o fail_v they_o insomuch_o much_o that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o undergo_v any_o labour_n and_o therefore_o their_o general_n have_v resolve_v that_o if_o he_o prevail_v not_o against_o the_o town_n he_o will_v withdraw_v his_o army_n within_o three_o day_n these_o benefit_n say_v vercingetorix_n you_o have_v of_o i_o who_o you_o accuse_v of_o treason_n for_o by_o my_o mean_n without_o shed_v of_o your_o blood_n you_o see_v so_o great_a a_o conquer_a army_n almost_o consume_v with_o hunger_n and_o by_o i_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o when_o they_o fly_v from_o hence_o no_o state_n shall_v receive_v they_o into_o their_o territory_n the_o whole_a multitude_n applaud_v his_o speech_n by_o shake_v and_o strike_v their_o hand_n together_o as_o their_o manner_n be_v in_o such_o case_n commend_v vercingetorix_n for_o a_o great_a soldier_n who_o loyalty_n as_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v disinherit_v so_o the_o war_n can_v not_o have_v be_v carry_v with_o better_a direction_n they_o agree_v further_a to_o send_v 10000_o choice_n man_n out_o of_o all_o their_o force_n into_o the_o town_n as_o not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o commit_v the_o common_a safety_n of_o gallia_n only_o to_o the_o bituriges_n for_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o sum_n of_o all_o the_o victory_n consist_v in_o make_v good_a that_o town_n against_o the_o roman_n observation_n a_o multitude_n be_v bellua_fw-la multorum_fw-la capitum_fw-la as_o one_o say_v a_o unreasonable_a beast_n of_o many_o head_n horace_n apt_a to_o receive_v froward_a and_o perverse_a incitement_n and_o hard_o to_o be_v draw_v to_o better_a understanding_n jealous_a impatient_a treacherous_a unconstant_a a_o instrument_n for_o a_o wicked_a spirit_n and_o soon_o move_v to_o mischief_n by_o thersites_n then_o reclaim_v to_o virtue_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o agamemnon_n or_o the_o eloquence_n of_o ulysses_n or_o the_o wisdom_n of_o nestor_n more_o turbulent_a than_o the_o rage_a either_o of_o the_o sea_n or_o of_o a_o devour_a fire_n and_o
length_n to_o enjoy_v the_o sweetness_n of_o victory_n for_o their_o manifold_a labour_n he_o provide_v a_o reward_n for_o such_o as_o be_v see_v first_o upon_o the_o wall_n and_o give_v they_o the_o sign_n to_o begin_v the_o soldier_n fly_v sudden_o out_o of_o all_o part_n do_v quick_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o wall_n the_o enemy_n be_v fright_v with_o so_o sudden_a a_o accident_n and_o put_v from_o the_o tower_n and_o wall_n imbattel_v themselves_o angle-wise_a in_o the_o marketplace_n and_o in_o other_o spacious_a street_n of_o the_o city_n with_o this_o resolution_n that_o if_o they_o be_v assault_v in_o any_o part_n they_o will_v resist_v in_o form_n of_o battle_n but_o when_o they_o see_v no_o man_n to_o descend_v on_o even_a ground_n but_o to_o enclose_v they_o round_o about_o upon_o the_o wall_n fear_v lest_o there_o will_v be_v no_o way_n to_o escape_v they_o cast_v their_o arm_n away_o and_o flee_v all_o to_o the_o further_a part_n of_o the_o town_n part_v of_o they_o stick_v in_o a_o throng_n at_o the_o gate_n be_v there_o slay_v by_o the_o soldier_n and_o part_n be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o gate_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o horseman_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o man_n that_o look_v after_o pillage_n but_o be_v move_v to_o anger_n with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o our_o man_n at_o genabum_n and_o with_o the_o travel_n and_o labour_n of_o those_o great_a work_n they_o neither_o spare_v old_a man_n woman_n nor_o child_n in_o the_o end_n of_o all_o that_o number_n which_o be_v about_o forty_o thousand_o scarce_o eight_o hundred_o that_o upon_o the_o first_o noise_n forsake_v the_o town_n come_v safe_a to_o vercingetorix_n these_o he_o receive_v with_o great_a silence_n be_v now_o far_o in_o the_o night_n lest_o any_o sedition_n shall_v have_v grow_v in_o the_o camp_n through_o the_o pity_n and_o commiseration_n of_o the_o vulgar_a people_n and_o send_v out_o his_o familiar_a friend_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o each_o state_n to_o meet_v such_o as_o have_v escape_v away_o and_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o their_o own_o people_n as_o they_o lay_v quarter_v in_o the_o camp_n the_o first_o observation_n we_o may_v see_v here_o the_o say_v verify_v touch_v the_o disposition_n of_o the_o gall_n for_o matter_n of_o valour_n woman_n which_o in_o the_o beginning_n seem_v so_o great_a that_o it_o need_v no_o further_a strain_n to_o countervail_v the_o worth_n of_o caesar_n army_n and_o be_v express_v with_o such_o industry_n and_o resolution_n both_o in_o spoil_v and_o disappoint_v the_o roman_a work_n as_o also_o by_o ingenious_a fortify_v and_o make_v good_a their_o own_o labour_n that_o a_o man_n will_v have_v deem_v they_o virtute_fw-la pares_fw-la equal_a in_o valour_n but_o be_v a_o little_a spend_v in_o the_o action_n like_o a_o pot_n that_o have_v a_o mouth_n as_o big_a as_o the_o belly_n and_o pour_v out_o all_o the_o liquor_n at_o a_o instant_n they_o fall_v at_o length_n to_o that_o baseness_n as_o show_v less_o spirit_n than_o the_o woman_n do_v who_o choose_v rather_o to_o betray_v their_o husband_n purpose_n to_o the_o enemy_n then_o to_o hazard_v their_o life_n by_o escape_v to_o vercingetorix_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o be_v so_o often_o note_v by_o historiographer_n quod_fw-la multa_fw-la bella_fw-la impetu_fw-la valida_fw-la per_fw-la taedia_fw-la &_o moras_fw-la evanuere_fw-la that_o many_o war_n which_o be_v hot_a at_o the_o first_o slacken_v and_o vanish_v upon_o a_o tedious_a continuance_n the_o first_o thing_n that_o i_o observe_v be_v that_o which_o caesar_n himself_o note_v quod_fw-la plerumque_fw-la in_o summo_fw-la periculo_fw-la timor_fw-la misericordiam_fw-la non_fw-la recipit_fw-la that_o usual_o in_o case_n of_o extreme_a danger_n fear_n have_v no_o mercy_n which_o be_v true_a on_o either_o side_n for_o the_o gall_n be_v so_o set_v upon_o fly_v to_o vercingetorix_n that_o they_o regard_v not_o the_o woeful_a lament_n of_o the_o woman_n and_o child_n who_o they_o be_v well_o content_a to_o hazard_v while_o they_o themselves_o may_v escape_v in_o safety_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o woman_n do_v forget_v to_o be_v pitiful_a to_o their_o husband_n who_o they_o will_v not_o suffer_v to_o escape_v and_o leave_v they_o in_o their_o weakness_n behind_o as_o a_o prey_n to_o appease_v the_o wrath_n of_o the_o bloody_a soldier_n which_o will_v consequent_o follow_v in_o that_o escape_n which_o show_v that_o there_o be_v notice_n comparable_a to_o the_o bond_n of_o nature_n special_o when_o it_o concern_v the_o preservation_n of_o life_n for_o as_o in_o other_o thing_n respect_n and_o affection_n may_v easy_o work_v a_o communication_n of_o good_a thing_n unto_o other_o as_o also_o a_o participation_n of_o their_o evil_n for_o their_o relief_n so_o herein_o we_o be_v altogether_o senseless_a and_o the_o love_n we_o owe_v to_o our_o life_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o admit_v no_o respect_n agesilaus_n to_o his_o friend_n be_v without_o respect_n a_o friend_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o be_v drive_v one_o day_n to_o remove_v upon_o the_o sudden_a and_o to_o leave_v one_o sick_a behind_o he_o who_o he_o love_v dear_o the_o sick_a man_n call_v he_o by_o his_o name_n as_o he_o be_v go_v away_o beseech_v he_o that_o he_o will_v not_o forsake_v he_o agesilaus_n turn_v back_o again_o answer_v o_o how_o hard_o it_o be_v both_o to_o love_v and_o to_o be_v wise_a according_a to_o the_o say_n sapere_fw-la &_o amare_fw-la vix_fw-la deo_fw-la conceditur_fw-la to_o be_v wise_a and_o to_o love_n god_n himself_o can_v scarce_o do_v it_o the_o second_o observation_n it_o be_v a_o principle_n among_o man_n of_o war_n enemy_n not_o to_o put_v necessity_n upon_o a_o enemy_n nor_o make_v he_o valiant_a whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o as_o i_o have_v already_o note_v in_o the_o former_a commentary_n which_o the_o roman_n well_o observe_v in_o this_o particular_a service_n at_o avaricum_n for_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o wall_n they_o do_v not_o sudden_o assault_v they_o in_o the_o marketplace_n where_o they_o have_v make_v head_n for_o their_o defence_n but_o give_v they_o a_o breathe_a time_n the_o better_a to_o understand_v what_o they_o do_v and_o respite_n to_o bethink_v themselves_o of_o a_o start_a hole_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o their_o life_n which_o as_o it_o be_v quick_o apprehend_v by_o the_o gall_n so_o it_o make_v a_o easy_a execution_n to_o the_o roman_a soldier_n and_o as_o it_o seem_v it_o be_v the_o more_o careful_o handle_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v revolter_n for_o such_o province_n as_o have_v rebel_v be_v hard_a to_o be_v recover_v after_o their_o revolt_n than_o they_o be_v at_o first_o to_o be_v subdue_v for_o at_o the_o first_o they_o have_v no_o occasion_n to_o fear_v any_o hard_a condition_n but_o yield_v to_o subjection_n do_v look_v for_o favour_n whereas_o rebel_n and_o revolter_n beside_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o enemy_n be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o offender_n and_o stand_v in_o fear_n of_o the_o extremity_n of_o war_n offendor_n which_o make_v they_o more_o obstinate_a than_o otherwise_o they_o will_v be_v and_o therefore_o it_o behove_v a_o general_n not_o to_o impose_v any_o further_a necessity_n upon_o a_o enemy_n than_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o war_n do_v lay_v upon_o he_o which_o oftentimes_o be_v more_o than_o can_v be_v well_o avoid_v chap._n xiiii_o vercingetorix_n do_v comfort_v the_o gall_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o avaricum_n the_o next_o day_n call_v a_o council_n caesar_n he_o comfort_v the_o gall_n and_o exhort_v they_o not_o to_o be_v utter_o dismay_v with_o that_o loss_n for_o the_o roman_n have_v not_o overthrow_v they_o with_o valour_n nor_o in_o a_o set_a battle_n but_o with_o a_o kind_n of_o art_n and_o skill_n in_o besiege_v a_o town_n whereof_o they_o themselves_o be_v ignorant_a he_o err_v much_o that_o look_v for_o all_o the_o event_n of_o war_n to_o fall_v out_o prosperous_o it_o be_v never_o his_o opinion_n that_o avaricum_n shall_v be_v keep_v whereof_o they_o themselves_o be_v witness_n but_o it_o fall_v out_o by_o the_o imprudency_n of_o the_o bituriges_n &_o over_o great_a indulgence_n of_o the_o rest_n that_o this_o loss_n happen_v unto_o they_o which_o notwithstanding_o he_o will_v speedy_o heal_v with_o great_a help_n for_o by_o his_o diligence_n he_o will_v unite_v such_o state_n unto_o they_o as_o be_v not_o yet_o of_o the_o confederacy_n and_o make_v one_o purpose_n of_o all_o gallia_n which_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v and_o that_o he_o have_v almost_o effect_v it_o already_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o think_v it_o fit_a that_o they_o shall_v yield_v unto_o one_o thing_n for_o their_o safety_n sake_n which_o be_v to_o fortify_v their_o camp_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v better_o sustain_v the_o sudden_a assault_n of_o the_o
man_n use_v to_o fight_v with_o afar_o off_o the_o use_n whereof_o be_v too_o much_o neglect_v by_o the_o english_a of_o these_o time_n consider_v the_o honour_n they_o have_v achieve_v by_o it_o in_o former_a age_n chap._n xvi_o a_o controversy_n fall_v out_o in_o the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n touch_v the_o choice_n of_o their_o chief_a magistrate_n caesar_n staâ—ed_v many_o day_n at_o avaricum_n caesar_n for_o find_v there_o great_a store_n of_o corn_n and_o of_o other_o provision_n he_o refresh_v his_o army_n of_o their_o former_a labour_n and_o want_n the_o winter_n now_o be_v almost_o end_v and_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n be_v fit_a for_o war_n he_o determine_v to_o follow_v the_o enemy_n to_o see_v whether_o he_o can_v draw_v he_o out_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o bog_n or_o besiege_v he_o in_o some_o place_n be_v thus_o resolve_v divers_a of_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o hedui_n come_v unto_o he_o beseech_v he_o that_o he_o will_v stand_v to_o they_o and_o assist_v their_o state_n in_o a_o time_n of_o great_a need_n the_o matter_n be_v in_o extreme_a danger_n forasmuch_o as_o their_o ancient_a usage_n be_v for_o one_o to_o be_v create_v their_o annual_a magistrate_n have_v regal_a authority_n for_o that_o year_n whereas_o now_o two_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o say_a office_n both_o of_o they_o affirm_v themselves_o to_o belawful_o create_v the_o one_o be_v convictolitanis_n a_o famous_a and_o flourish_a young_a man_n the_o other_z cotus_n bear_v of_o a_o ancient_a family_n and_o he_o himself_o of_o great_a power_n and_o kindred_n who_o brother_n vedeliacus_n have_v bear_v the_o say_a office_n the_o year_n before_o all_o their_o state_n be_v in_o arm_n their_o senate_n and_o their_o people_n divide_v together_o with_o their_o client_n and_o follower_n if_o the_o controversy_n continue_v for_o any_o time_n it_o will_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n the_o prevention_n whereof_o consist_v in_o his_o diligence_n and_o authority_n caesar_n though_o he_o know_v it_o will_v be_v disadvantageous_a unto_o he_o to_o leave_v the_o war_n and_o to_o forsake_v the_o enemy_n yet_o know_v what_o inconvenience_n do_v usual_o arise_v of_o such_o discord_n and_o dissension_n lest_o so_o great_a a_o state_n and_o so_o near_o to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n which_o he_o himself_o have_v always_o favour_v and_o by_o all_o mean_v honour_v shall_v fall_v to_o war_n among_o themselves_o and_o that_o faction_n which_o disinherit_v their_o own_o strength_n shall_v seek_v help_n of_o vercingetorix_n he_o think_v it_o most_o necessary_a to_o be_v prevent_v and_o forasmuch_o as_o such_o as_o be_v create_v chief_a magistrate_n among_o the_o hedui_n be_v by_o their_o law_n forbid_v to_o go_v out_o of_o their_o confine_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o derogate_v any_o thing_n from_o their_o law_n he_o himself_o determine_v to_o go_v unto_o they_o at_o his_o come_n he_o call_v before_o he_o to_o decetia_n all_o the_o senate_n and_o those_o also_o that_o be_v in_o controversy_n for_o the_o office_n and_o find_v in_o a_o assembly_n almost_o of_o the_o whole_a state_n that_o one_o of_o they_o be_v choose_v by_o a_o few_o privy_o call_v together_o in_o another_o place_n and_o at_o another_o time_n than_o be_v accustom_v the_o brother_n pronounce_v the_o brother_n whereas_o their_o law_n do_v not_o only_o forbid_v two_o of_o one_o family_n both_o be_v alive_a to_o be_v create_v magistrate_n but_o also_o to_o be_v of_o the_o senate_n together_o he_o compel_v cotus_n to_o give_v over_o his_o interest_n in_o the_o magistracy_n and_o confirm_v convictolitanis_n be_v create_v by_o their_o priest_n and_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o state_n this_o decree_n be_v ratify_v he_o adhort_v the_o hedui_n to_o forget_v their_o private_a controversy_n and_o dissension_n and_o to_o give_v their_o best_a help_n to_o the_o war_n in_o hand_n wherein_o they_o may_v challenge_v and_o expect_v the_o gall_n be_v subdue_v such_o reward_n as_o they_o deserve_v command_v all_o their_o horse_n and_o ten_o thousand_o foot_n to_o be_v speedy_o send_v unto_o he_o which_o he_o mean_v to_o dispose_v into_o garrison_n for_o the_o better_a provision_n of_o corn_n and_o then_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o two_o part_n he_o send_v four_o legion_n towards_o the_o senones_n &_o the_o pariâ—ians_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o labienus_n the_o other_o four_o he_o lead_v himself_o against_o the_o arverni_n to_o the_o town_n of_o gergovia_n along_o the_o râ—ver_n elaver_n send_v part_n of_o the_o horse_n with_o he_o and_o keep_v part_n with_o himself_o observation_n to_o loose_v the_o least_o jot_n of_o that_o which_o a_o man_n have_v in_o possession_n tuerk_n be_v more_o dishonourable_a then_o to_o fail_v of_o get_v what_o he_o have_v not_o and_o therefore_o caesar_n choose_v rather_o to_o forgo_v the_o advantage_n which_o a_o speedy_a pursuit_n of_o the_o enemy_n may_v have_v afford_v he_o to_o the_o end_n of_o that_o war_n then_o to_o hazard_v the_o loss_n of_o so_o great_a a_o state_n &_o so_o well-affected_a to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n as_o be_v the_o hedui_n wherein_o he_o carry_v so_o equal_a and_o indifferent_a a_o hand_n that_o he_o will_v do_v nothing_o but_o what_o the_o law_n of_o that_o state_n direct_v he_o unto_o as_o most_o assure_v that_o such_o direction_n be_v without_o exception_n chap._n xvii_o caesar_n pass_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n elaver_n and_o incamp_v himself_o before_o gergovia_n which_o thing_n be_v know_v caesar_n vercingetorix_n have_v break_v down_o all_o the_o bridge_n of_o that_o river_n take_v his_o journey_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o elaver_n either_o army_n be_v in_o view_n each_o of_o other_o and_o encamp_v almost_o over_o against_o one_o another_o discoverer_n be_v send_v out_o to_o watch_v lest_o the_o roman_n shall_v make_v a_o bridge_n in_o any_o place_n and_o carry_v over_o their_o force_n caesar_n be_v much_o trouble_v lest_o he_o shall_v be_v hinder_v by_o the_o river_n the_o great_a part_n of_o that_o summer_n forasmuch_o as_o elaver_n be_v not_o passable_a at_o any_o ford_n until_o towards_o the_o autumn_n and_o therefore_o to_o prevent_v that_o he_o encamp_v himself_o in_o a_o woody_a place_n right_o over_o against_o one_o of_o those_o bridge_n which_o vercingetorix_n have_v command_v to_o be_v break_v the_o next_o day_n he_o keep_v himself_o there_o secret_o with_o two_o legion_n and_o send_v forward_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o force_n with_o all_o the_o carriage_n as_o be_v accustom_v take_v away_o the_o four_o part_n of_o each_o cohort_n that_o the_o number_n of_o legion_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v the_o same_o command_v they_o to_o go_v on_o as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v and_o make_v conjecture_n by_o the_o time_n of_o the_o day_n that_o they_o be_v come_v to_o their_o camping-place_n upon_o the_o same_o pile_n the_o low_a part_n whereof_o remain_v there_o whole_a he_o begin_v to_o reedify_v the_o bridge_n and_o have_v speedy_o end_v the_o work_n and_o carry_v over_o the_o legion_n and_o choose_v a_o fit_a place_n to_o encamp_v in_o he_o call_v back_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o force_n vercingetorix_n have_v notice_n thereof_o lest_o he_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o fight_v against_o his_o will_n go_v before_o by_o great_a journey_n caesar_n with_o five_o encamp_n go_v from_o that_o place_n to_o gergovia_n and_o after_o a_o light_a skirmish_n between_o the_o horse_n the_o same_o day_n he_o come_v have_v take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v build_v upon_o a_o very_a high_a hill_n and_o have_v very_o hard_a and_o difficult_a approach_n on_o all_o side_n he_o despair_v of_o take_v it_o by_o assault_n neither_o will_v he_o determine_v to_o besiege_v it_o until_o he_o have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n but_o vercingetorix_n have_v set_v his_o camp_n on_o a_o hill_n before_o the_o town_n have_v place_v the_o several_a force_n of_o the_o state_n by_o themselves_o in_o small_a distance_n round_o about_o hâ—m_n and_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o top_n of_o that_o hill_n make_v a_o very_a terrible_a show_n into_o all_o part_n where_o he_o may_v be_v see_v he_o command_v likewise_o the_o chiefman_n of_o the_o state_n who_o he_o have_v choose_v out_o to_o be_v of_o the_o council_n of_o war_n to_o meet_v always_o together_o with_o hâ—m_n at_o the_o dawn_n of_o the_o day_n to_o know_v if_o any_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v communicate_v unto_o they_o or_o what_o else_o be_v to_o be_v do_v neither_o do_v he_o omit_v any_o day_n to_o skirmish_v with_o his_o horseman_n with_o archer_n intermingle_v among_o they_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v try_v what_o courage_n and_o valour_n be_v in_o his_o people_n right_o over_o against_o the_o town_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n there_o be_v
philosopher_n ingratum_fw-la si_fw-la dixeris_fw-la omne_fw-la dixeris_fw-la ingratitude_n be_v culpable_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o wickedness_n and_o deserve_v the_o great_a measure_n of_o revenge_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o it_o take_v away_o the_o use_n of_o virtue_n and_o make_v man_n forget_v to_o do_v good_a for_o whereas_o the_o nature_n of_o goodness_n be_v special_o see_v in_o communicate_v itself_o to_o the_o relief_n of_o other_o man_n want_n we_o ought_v to_o give_v all_o diligence_n not_o to_o hinder_v this_o enlargement_n nor_o by_o a_o froward_a and_o crooked_a example_n to_o prejudice_v other_o that_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o like_a favour_n i_o have_v often_o hear_v it_o speak_v but_o i_o know_v not_o how_o true_a it_o be_v and_o be_o loath_a to_o believe_v it_o that_o in_o the_o exchange_n of_o a_o good_a turn_n the_o party_n that_o receive_v it_o have_v more_o assurance_n of_o his_o benefactor_n touch_v a_o faithful_a and_o friendly_a disposition_n for_o the_o future_a time_n than_o he_o that_o show_v the_o kindness_n can_v have_v of_o the_o receiver_n for_o man_n be_v loath_a to_o loose_v both_o the_o fruit_n and_o the_o seed_n and_o will_v rather_o bestow_v more_o cost_n and_o labour_n then_o forgo_v the_o hope_n of_o their_o first_o endeavour_n expect_v both_o in_o reason_n and_o nature_n fruit_n answerable_a to_o their_o seed_n whereas_o the_o badness_n of_o our_o nature_n be_v such_o of_o itself_o ut_fw-la gratia_fw-la oneri_fw-la ultio_fw-la in_o quaestu_fw-la habetur_fw-la the_o second_o observation_n suggestion_n there_o be_v no_o mean_n so_o ready_a to_o abuse_v a_o multitude_n as_o false_a suggestion_n which_o like_o a_o lie_a spirit_n seduce_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n from_o the_o truth_n conceive_v and_o fashion_v their_o heart_n to_o such_o purpose_n as_o seem_v best_a to_o the_o abuser_n and_o the_o rather_o when_o it_o be_v deliver_v by_o a_o man_n of_o place_n and_o authority_n and_o such_o a_o one_o as_o pretend_v carefulness_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o a_o people_n for_o than_o it_o sli_v as_o fast_o as_o the_o lightning_n in_o the_o air_n and_o delude_v the_o wise_a and_o best_a experience_a of_o the_o multitude_n a_o mischief_n that_o can_v hardly_o be_v prevent_v as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v a_o tongue_n to_o speak_v or_o a_o ear_n to_o hear_v platonis_fw-la but_o as_o socrates_n say_v of_o pain_n and_o case_n that_o they_o be_v always_o tie_v together_o so_o man_n must_v endeavour_v to_o redeem_v the_o hurt_n of_o such_o a_o evil_a by_o the_o benefit_n which_o thereby_o be_v consequent_o employ_v for_o it_o be_v hard_o if_o wise_a man_n can_v not_o make_v the_o like_a use_n of_o a_o multitude_n to_o good_a purpose_n as_o these_o deceiver_n do_v for_o their_o own_o advantage_n numa_n pompilius_n to_o who_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v owe_v as_o much_o for_o law_n and_o civil_a government_n as_o to_o romulus_n for_o their_o martial_a discipline_n the_o better_a to_o establish_v such_o ordinance_n and_o decree_n as_o he_o make_v in_o his_o kingdom_n feign_v familiar_a acquaintance_n with_o a_o goddess_n of_o that_o time_n call_v egeria_n and_o by_o she_o he_o say_v he_o be_v assure_v that_o the_o statute_n which_o he_o make_v be_v both_o equal_a and_o just_a and_o good_a for_o the_o roman_n to_o observe_v and_o the_o people_n find_v no_o hurt_n in_o believe_v it_o in_o like_a manner_n lycurgus_n have_v give_v many_o law_n to_o the_o spartan_n repair_v to_o the_o city_n of_o delphos_n and_o there_o he_o get_v a_o please_a oracle_n which_o he_o send_v to_o sparta_n assure_v they_o that_o his_o law_n be_v very_o good_a and_o that_o city_n keep_v they_o shall_v be_v the_o most_o renown_a of_o the_o world_n and_o sertorius_n for_o want_n of_o other_o mean_v use_v the_o service_n of_o a_o white_a hind_n as_o a_o gift_n send_v he_o from_o diana_n to_o make_v the_o lusitanian_o believe_v whatsoever_o may_v best_o advantage_v his_o business_n and_o thus_o a_o multitude_n lie_v open_a to_o good_a and_o ill_a purpose_n and_o be_v either_o happy_a or_o unfortunate_a in_o the_o counsel_n of_o their_o leader_n chap._n xix_o caesar_n hinder_v the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n eporedorix_n the_o heduan_n caesar_n a_o young_a man_n of_o great_a parentage_n and_o of_o great_a power_n in_o his_o country_n together_o with_o viridomarus_n of_o like_a age_n and_o authority_n but_o not_o so_o noble_o bear_v who_o be_v prefer_v to_o caesar_n by_o divitiacus_n be_v by_o he_o advance_v from_o mean_a estate_n to_o great_a dignity_n come_v both_o to_o caesar_n with_o the_o heduan_n horseman_n be_v call_v out_o by_o name_n to_o that_o war_n by_o he_o between_o these_o two_o there_o be_v always_o contention_n who_o shall_v be_v the_o chief_a and_o in_o that_o controversy_n for_o magistracy_n the_o one_o stand_v for_o convictolitanis_n and_o the_o other_o for_o cotus_n of_o these_o two_o eporedorix_n understand_v the_o resolution_n of_o litavicus_n open_v the_o matter_n to_o caesar_n almost_o about_o midnight_n he_o pray_v he_o not_o to_o suffer_v their_o state_n to_o fall_v away_o from_o the_o friendship_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n by_o the_o wicked_a counsel_n of_o young_a man_n which_o will_v necessary_o fall_v out_o if_o he_o suffer_v so_o many_o thousand_o man_n to_o join_v themselves_o to_o the_o enemy_n who_o safety_n as_o neither_o their_o kinsfolk_n will_v neglect_v so_o the_o state_n can_v not_o light_o esteem_v of_o caesar_n be_v much_o perplex_v at_o this_o message_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o have_v always_o cherish_v the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n without_o any_o further_a doubt_n or_o dispute_v he_o take_v four_o expedite_a and_o unburthened_a legion_n and_o all_o the_o horse_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n neither_o be_v there_o space_n at_o such_o a_o time_n to_o make_v the_o camp_n lesser_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o matter_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o expedition_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o c._n fabius_n a_o legate_n with_o two_o legion_n for_o a_o garrison_n to_o the_o camp_n and_o have_v give_v order_n for_o the_o apprehend_n of_o litavicus_n brethren_n he_o find_v that_o a_o little_a before_o they_o be_v flee_v to_o the_o enemy_n thereupon_o adhort_v the_o soldier_n not_o to_o think_v much_o of_o their_o labour_n in_o so_o necessary_a a_o time_n every_o man_n be_v most_o willing_a he_o go_v five_o and_o twenty_o mile_n and_o then_o meet_v with_o the_o force_n of_o the_o hedui_n the_o horseman_n be_v send_v to_o stay_v their_o march_n he_o command_v not_o to_o kill_v any_o one_o of_o they_o and_o give_v order_n to_o eporedorix_n and_o viridomarus_n who_o they_o think_v to_o be_v slay_v to_o ride_v up_o and_o down_o among_o the_o horseman_n and_o to_o call_v to_o their_o countryman_n they_o be_v once_o know_v and_o the_o fraud_n of_o litavicus_n discover_v the_o hedui_n stretch_v out_o their_o hand_n make_v sign_n of_o submission_n and_o cast_v away_o their_o weapon_n desire_v to_o be_v spare_v from_o death_n litavicus_n with_o his_o client_n and_o follower_n who_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o gallia_n must_v not_o forsake_v their_o patron_n in_o the_o extreme_a danger_n flee_v to_o gergovia_n caesar_n have_v dispatch_v messenger_n to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n to_o acquaint_v they_o that_o he_o have_v save_v their_o people_n which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n he_o may_v have_v slay_v give_v the_o army_n three_o hour_n rest_v that_o night_n and_o then_o return_v towards_o gergovia_n in_o the_o midway_n certain_a horseman_n send_v by_o fabius_n make_v know_v unto_o caesar_n in_o what_o danger_n the_o matter_n stand_v that_o the_o camp_n be_v assault_v with_o all_o the_o enemy_n force_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o such_o as_o be_v weary_v be_v still_o relieve_v with_o fresh_a man_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o our_o man_n faint_v with_o continual_a labour_n for_o the_o camp_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o be_v always_o to_o stana_n upon_o the_o rampire_n to_o make_v it_o good_a and_o that_o many_o be_v wound_v with_o the_o multitude_n of_o arrow_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o weapon_n wherein_o their_o engine_n have_v serve_v they_o to_o good_a purpose_n for_o their_o defence_n fabius_n when_o these_o messenger_n come_v away_o have_v shut_v up_o two_o gate_n and_o leave_v other_o two_o open_a and_o have_v make_v shed_v and_o hovel_n for_o the_o better_a defence_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o prepare_v himself_o for_o the_o like_a fortune_n the_o next_o day_n these_o thing_n be_v know_v by_o the_o exceed_a travel_n of_o the_o soldier_n caesar_n come_v into_o the_o camp_n before_o sunrising_n observation_n as_o often_o as_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v occasion_n to_o make_v war_n beside_o the_o body_n of_o the_o army_n enrol_v for_o that_o service_n in_o such_o sort_n and_o with_o such_o ceremony_n as_o i_o have_v former_o deliver_v the_o consul_n or_o
he_o propound_v to_o the_o world_n as_o a_o absolute_a pattern_n both_o of_o military_a and_o civil_a virtue_n chap._n xxiii_o the_o roman_n continue_v the_o assault_n and_o be_v beat_v off_o with_o loss_n the_o contention_n be_v not_o indifferent_a to_o the_o roman_n â—â—â—sar_n neither_o in_o place_n nor_o in_o number_n of_o combatant_n be_v weary_v withal_o both_o with_o the_o long_a race_n which_o they_o have_v run_v and_o with_o the_o continuance_n of_o their_o fight_n whereby_o they_o do_v not_o so_o easy_o bear_v the_o enemy_n be_v whole_a and_o fresh_a caesar_n see_v the_o fight_n to_o be_v in_o a_o unequal_a place_n and_o the_o enemy_n still_o to_o increase_v their_o force_n fear_v his_o people_n he_o send_v to_o t._n sextius_n the_o legate_n who_o he_o have_v leave_v to_o command_v the_o lesser_a camp_n to_o bring_v out_o the_o cohort_n speedy_o and_o to_o place_v they_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o our_o man_n be_v force_v to_o forsake_v their_o place_n yet_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v terrify_v from_o follow_v they_o over_o free_o he_o himself_o remove_v a_o little_a out_o of_o that_o place_n where_o he_o stand_v with_o the_o legion_n attend_v the_o event_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o as_o they_o fight_v at_o hand_n very_o fierce_o the_o enemy_n trust_v in_o the_o place_n and_o in_o the_o multitude_n and_o our_o man_n in_o their_o valour_n the_o hedui_n sudden_o appear_v on_o the_o open_a side_n of_o our_o man_n who_o caesar_n have_v send_v up_o by_o another_o ascent_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o keep_v off_o part_n of_o the_o enemy_n these_o by_o the_o likeness_n of_o their_o armour_n do_v wonderful_o astonish_v our_o man_n who_o although_o they_o see_v their_o right_a arm_n show_v or_o put_v forth_o which_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o peace_n yet_o they_o doubt_v lest_o the_o enemy_n have_v use_v that_o policy_n to_o deceive_v they_o at_o the_o same_o instant_a l._n fabius_n the_o centurion_n and_o those_o that_o climb_v up_o upon_o the_o wall_n with_o he_o be_v slay_v be_v cast_v down_o from_o the_o wall_n again_o and_o m._n petreius_n a_o centurion_n of_o the_o same_o legion_n as_o he_o be_v about_o to_o cut_v down_o the_o gate_n be_v oppress_v with_o the_o multitude_n and_o despair_v of_o his_o own_o life_n have_v receive_v many_o wound_n forasmuch_o say_v he_o to_o his_o soldier_n that_o follow_v he_o as_o i_o can_v save_v myself_o and_o you_o too_o i_o will_v certain_o provide_v for_o your_o safety_n who_o i_o have_v bring_v into_o danger_n whilst_o i_o thirst_v after_o honour_n you_o while_o you_o may_v shift_n for_o yourselves_o and_o withal_o he_o break_v through_o the_o thick_a of_o the_o enemy_n and_o with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o a_o couple_n he_o remove_v the_o rest_n from_o the_o gate_n and_o as_o his_o soldier_n go_v about_o to_o help_v he_o in_o vain_a say_v he_o do_v you_o endeavour_v to_o save_v my_o life_n which_o blood_n and_o strength_n have_v already_o forsake_v and_o therefore_o get_v you_o hence_o while_o you_o have_v mean_n and_o betake_v yourselves_o to_o the_o legion_n and_o so_o fight_v fall_v down_o dead_a but_o save_v his_o man_n our_o man_n be_v overcharge_v do_v all_o side_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o six_o and_o forty_o centurion_n be_v beat_v down_o from_o the_o place_n but_o the_o ten_o legion_n which_o stand_v for_o a_o rescue_n in_o a_o more_o equal_a place_n hinder_v the_o gall_n from_o follow_v over_o eager_o and_o again_o the_o cohort_n of_o the_o thirteen_o legion_n which_o sextius_n have_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n second_v that_o legion_n have_v get_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o upper_a ground_n the_o legion_n assoon_o as_o they_o come_v into_o the_o plain_a stand_v still_o and_o turn_v head_n to_o the_o enemy_n vercingetorix_n draw_v back_o his_o man_n from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o bring_v they_o into_o their_o camp_n that_o day_n few_o less_o than_o seven_o hundred_o soldier_n be_v want_v observation_n and_o this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o presumptuous_a rashness_n when_o man_n be_v become_v so_o pregnant_a as_o to_o take_v upon_o they_o more_o than_o be_v require_v but_o as_o they_o say_v of_o fair_a weather_n that_o it_o be_v pity_v it_o shall_v do_v hurt_v so_o be_v it_o great_a pity_n that_o valour_n and_o resolution_n shall_v prove_v disadvantageous_a for_o this_o over_n of_o a_o service_n be_v but_o the_o spirit_n of_o valiant_a carriage_n and_o the_o very_a motion_n of_o prowess_n and_o courage_n memorable_a in_o the_o offender_n themselves_o as_o we_o may_v see_v by_o this_o particular_a report_n of_o fabius_n and_o petreius_n and_o much_o to_o be_v pity_v that_o virtue_n shall_v at_o any_o time_n be_v overquell_v with_o a_o great_a strength_n at_o this_o service_n the_o roman_n stand_v in_o these_o term_n they_o be_v overmatch_v in_o number_n they_o have_v spend_v their_o strength_n in_o speedy_a run_v to_o the_o place_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v not_o favourable_a unto_o they_o but_o almost_o as_o great_a a_o enemy_n as_o the_o gall_n only_o they_o trust_v in_o their_o valour_n and_o think_v by_o virtue_n to_o clear_v all_o difficulty_n the_o gall_n have_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o place_n a_o far_o great_a number_n of_o fight_a man_n they_o come_v fresh_a to_o the_o battle_n and_o be_v always_o second_v with_o fresh_a supply_n caesar_n see_v the_o two_o army_n engage_v one_o with_o another_o can_v neither_o part_v they_o nor_o recall_v his_o soldier_n but_o set_v such_o force_n as_o be_v free_a in_o such_o convenient_a place_n as_o may_v rescue_v his_o people_n in_o the_o retreat_n and_o keep_v the_o gall_n from_o follow_v the_o chase_n or_o make_v any_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o so_o great_a a_o inequality_n where_o there_o be_v so_o many_o sword_n draw_v to_o make_v way_n to_o death_n there_o be_v not_o seven_o hundred_o man_n lose_v of_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o yet_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v the_o great_a loss_n that_o ever_o he_o receive_v in_o those_o war_n in_o his_o own_o presence_n when_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o conflict_n give_v the_o enemy_n the_o better_a of_o the_o day_n chap._n xxiiii_o caesar_n rebuke_v the_o rashness_n of_o his_o soldier_n and_o make_v light_a but_o successful_a skirmish_n upon_o the_o enemy_n caesar_n the_o next_o day_n call_v the_o army_n before_o he_o caesar_n rebuke_v the_o temerity_n and_o cupidity_n of_o the_o soldier_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o judge_v how_o far_o they_o be_v to_o go_v or_o what_o they_o be_v to_o do_v neither_o will_v they_o stay_v upon_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o retreat_n nor_o hearken_v to_o the_o tribune_n nor_o the_o legate_n that_o will_v have_v keep_v they_o back_o he_o lay_v open_a unto_o they_o how_o available_a the_o inequality_n of_o the_o place_n be_v and_o what_o he_o himself_o think_v of_o it_o when_o at_o avaricum_n he_o take_v the_o enemy_n without_o a_o general_n and_o without_o cavalry_n yet_o do_v forgo_v a_o most_o assure_a victory_n lest_o in_o the_o buckle_v he_o may_v have_v receive_v a_o small_a loss_n through_o the_o inequitie_n of_o the_o place_n how_o admirable_a be_v the_o greatness_n of_o their_o spirit_n who_o neither_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o camp_n the_o height_n of_o the_o hill_n nor_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n can_v stop_v or_o hinder_v wherein_o he_o blame_v their_o licentious_a arrogancy_n the_o more_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o judge_v better_o of_o the_o victory_n and_o the_o success_n of_o that_o service_n than_o the_o general_n himself_o neither_o do_v he_o so_o much_o desire_v to_o find_v courage_n and_o virtue_n in_o his_o soldier_n as_o modesty_n and_o sobriety_n this_o speech_n be_v deliver_v and_o in_o the_o end_n confirm_v their_o mind_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v discourage_v at_o the_o matter_n nor_o attribute_n that_o to_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o enemy_n which_o indeed_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n keep_v his_o former_a purpose_n of_o departure_n he_o bring_v the_o legion_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n imbattel_v they_o in_o a_o convenient_a place_n and_o find_v that_o vercingetorix_n will_v not_o be_v draw_v into_o a_o indifferent_a place_n after_o a_o light_a skirmish_n of_o horse_n wherein_o the_o roman_n have_v the_o better_a he_o carry_v his_o army_n back_o again_o into_o the_o camp_n and_o do_v the_o like_a the_o next_o day_n think_v it_o sufficient_a to_o abate_v the_o pride_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o to_o strengthen_v the_o courage_n of_o his_o soldier_n he_o remove_v his_o camp_n into_o the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n the_o enemy_n refuse_v to_o make_v after_o he_o observation_n
tend_v to_o the_o weaken_n of_o that_o authority_n which_o prefer_v they_o in_o dignity_n before_o all_o other_o state_n of_o that_o continent_n and_o be_v as_o a_o remora_n to_o divers_a other_o nation_n of_o gallia_n from_o show_v that_o defection_n by_o plain_a and_o open_a revolt_n which_o they_o have_v so_o long_o before_o conceive_v in_o their_o mind_n but_o when_o it_o appear_v notwithstanding_o any_o precedent_a benefit_n or_o the_o merit_n of_o imperial_a favour_n that_o the_o hedui_n do_v affect_v the_o common_a cause_n of_o their_o country_n liberty_n and_o be_v content_a to_o engage_v themselves_o therein_o as_o far_o as_o their_o life_n or_o fortune_n can_v any_o way_n be_v value_v it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o such_o other_o commonweal_n as_o before_o that_o time_n have_v remain_v neutral_a and_o have_v less_o cause_n than_o the_o hedui_n to_o keep_v back_o their_o hand_n from_o a_o work_n of_o that_o piety_n will_v apprehend_v the_o matter_n as_o a_o business_n import_v the_o safety_n of_o their_o country_n whereunto_o caesar_n and_o the_o legion_n be_v common_a enemy_n the_o consideration_n whereof_o make_v caesar_n to_o think_v of_o return_v back_o into_o the_o province_n have_v not_o the_o dishonour_n of_o such_o a_o retreat_n and_o the_o desire_n he_o have_v to_o join_v with_o labienus_n hinder_v that_o purpose_n chap._n xxvi_o labienus_n come_v to_o lutetia_n with_o four_o legion_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v by_o caesar_n caesar_n labienus_n have_v leave_v those_o supply_n which_o come_v last_o out_o of_o italy_n at_o agendicum_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o carriage_n go_v himself_o with_o four_o legion_n towards_o lutetia_n a_o town_n of_o the_o parisian_n build_v in_o a_o island_n in_o the_o river_n sequana_n the_o enemy_n understand_v of_o his_o come_n great_a force_n be_v speedy_o bring_v together_o out_o of_o the_o country_n near_o about_o the_o chief_a command_n be_v give_v to_o camulogenus_n of_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o aulerci_n who_o notwithstanding_o his_o great_a age_n be_v call_v to_o that_o honour_n for_o his_o singular_a knowledge_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n he_o find_v it_o to_o be_v a_o continue_a bog_n that_o run_v into_o sequana_n and_o much_o hinder_v all_o that_o place_n do_v stay_v there_o with_o his_o army_n and_o purpose_v to_o hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o roman_n labienus_n do_v first_o endeavour_n to_o drive_v the_o vine_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o bog_n with_o hurdle_n and_o earth_n and_o so_o to_o make_v the_o passage_n firm_a but_o after_o that_o he_o perceive_v it_o to_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o effect_v in_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n he_o go_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n with_o silence_n and_o the_o same_o way_n that_o he_o come_v he_o go_v to_o melodunum_n a_o town_n of_o the_o senones_n situate_v in_o a_o island_n of_o sequana_n as_o lutetia_n be_v and_o have_v surprise_v some_o fifty_o ship_n and_o boat_n and_o man_v they_o with_o soldier_n the_o townsman_n be_v affright_v with_o the_o novelty_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o who_o a_o great_a part_n be_v call_v out_o to_o that_o war_n he_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o town_n without_o any_o resistance_n the_o bridge_n be_v repair_v which_o the_o enemy_n have_v cut_v down_o a_o few_o day_n before_o he_o transport_v over_o the_o army_n and_o go_v down_o along_o the_o river_n towards_o lutetia_n the_o enemy_n have_v notice_n thereof_o by_o such_o we_o escape_v from_o melodunum_n command_v lutetia_n to_o be_v burn_v and_o the_o bridge_n of_o the_o town_n to_o be_v break_v they_o themselves_o for_o sake_z the_o bog_n sit_v down_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o sequana_n right_o over_o against_o the_o camp_n of_o labienus_n by_o this_o time_n caesar_n departure_n from_o gergovia_n be_v know_v abroad_o with_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n and_o rumour_n be_v bring_v of_o a_o secondrising_n and_o motion_n in_o gallia_n it_o be_v certain_o confirm_v that_o the_o gall_n be_v in_o consultation_n that_o caesar_n be_v keep_v back_o both_o by_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o passage_n and_o the_o river_n loire_n and_o for_o want_v of_o corn_n be_v constrain_v to_o return_v into_o the_o province_n the_o bellovaci_n also_o understand_v of_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n whereas_o they_o be_v before_o treacherous_a and_o disloyal_a of_o themselves_o do_v now_o begin_v to_o raise_v force_n and_o prepare_v for_o open_a war_n labienus_n upon_o so_o great_a a_o change_n of_o thing_n understand_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o he_o to_o take_v another_o manner_n of_o course_n than_o be_v before_o intend_v for_o now_o he_o think_v not_o of_o make_v any_o conquest_n or_o urge_v the_o enemy_n to_o battle_n but_o to_o bring_v he_o army_n back_o in_o safety_n to_o agendicum_n for_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o bellovaci_n stand_v ready_a to_o charge_v he_o be_v a_o people_n that_o have_v the_o name_n for_o deed_n of_o arm_n of_o all_o the_o nation_n in_o gallia_n the_o other_o side_n be_v keep_v by_o camulogenus_n with_o a_o army_n ready_a in_o the_o field_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o legion_n be_v keep_v from_o their_o garrison_n and_o their_o carriage_n with_o a_o great_a river_n that_o run_v between_o they_o and_o it_o observation_n the_o great_a alteration_n which_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n make_v in_o gallia_n time_n cause_v labienus_n to_o let_v fall_v his_o former_a resolution_n and_o to_o shape_v such_o a_o course_n as_o might_n best_o answer_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o tempest_n for_o he_o that_o will_v attain_v the_o end_n of_o his_o desire_n or_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o affection_n of_o his_o mind_n must_v not_o think_v at_o all_o time_n to_o carry_v away_o contentment_n with_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o mean_n or_o subdue_v resistance_n with_o force_n of_o arm_n but_o must_v be_v well_o please_v to_o be_v drive_v with_o the_o stream_n until_o he_o meet_v with_o a_o tide_n of_o better_a opportunity_n for_o oftentimes_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o opposition_n of_o resist_a power_n be_v more_o available_a than_o ten_o legion_n command_v by_o caesar_n or_o what_o the_o roman_a empire_n can_v add_v beside_o to_o so_o great_a a_o army_n for_o there_o be_v no_o quantity_n so_o great_a but_o there_o may_v be_v find_v a_o great_a nor_o none_o so_o little_a but_o there_o may_v be_v a_o less_o which_o may_v teach_v a_o man_n neither_o to_o conceit_n himself_o in_o a_o matchless_a singularity_n nor_o to_o despair_v of_o a_o weak_a condition_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o be_v so_o often_o recommend_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o discreet_a governor_n whether_o they_o be_v magistrate_n in_o peace_n or_o commander_n in_o war_n to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o time_n and_o to_o carry_v themselves_o answerable_a thereunto_o forasmuch_o as_o fortunate_a and_o happy_a success_n rise_v for_o the_o most_o part_n from_o such_o mean_n as_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o occurrence_n of_o the_o time_n not_o run_v always_o upon_o one_o bias_n nor_o fail_v at_o all_o time_n with_o a_o fore-wind_n but_o sometime_o to_o press_v forward_o and_o sometime_o to_o give_v back_o according_a as_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o time_n shall_v make_v way_n to_o good_a fortune_n fabius_n the_o great_a roman_a think_v it_o no_o scorn_n to_o be_v call_v coward_n fabius_n or_o to_o undergo_v the_o displeasure_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n while_o he_o give_v place_n to_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a and_o refuse_v to_o receive_v a_o three_o overthrow_n and_o thus_o he_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o the_o roman_a warfare_n according_a to_o the_o time_n and_o overthrow_v that_o enemy_n by_o shun_v to_o encounter_v he_o which_o in_o a_o battle_n will_v have_v hazard_v the_o conquest_n of_o rome_n in_o like_a manner_n cn._n sulpitius_n the_o dictator_n do_v imitate_v this_o wisdom_n of_o fabius_n against_o the_o gall_n by_o linger_a out_o the_o war_n nolens_fw-la se_fw-la fortunae_fw-la committere_fw-la adversus_fw-la hostem_fw-la as_o livy_n say_v quem_fw-la tempus_fw-la deteriorem_fw-la indy_n &_o locus_fw-la alienus_fw-la fuceret_fw-la not_o willing_a to_o put_v the_o trial_n to_o fortune_n when_o as_o he_o deal_v with_o a_o enemy_n which_o time_n and_o ignorance_n of_o the_o place_n render_v every_o day_n weak_a and_o weak_a and_o to_o conclude_v this_o point_n caesar_n upon_o the_o loss_n which_o he_o receive_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la omnem_fw-la sibi_fw-la commutandam_fw-la belli_fw-la rationem_fw-la existimavit_fw-la think_v it_o his_o best_a way_n to_o alter_v the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o war_n as_o the_o story_n say_v which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o vary_v with_o the_o time_n and_o help_v a_o bad_a fortune_n with_o new_a direction_n chap._n xxvii_o labienus_n pass_v the_o river_n sequana_n and_o fight_v with_o the_o gall_n for_o the_o avoid_n
bereave_v the_o judgement_n of_o her_o prerogative_n and_o give_v it_o no_o respite_n to_o censure_v they_o whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o young_a man_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n heedless_a inconsiderate_a rash_a and_o resolute_a put_v more_o upon_o hazard_n then_o upon_o good_a advice_n on_o the_o otherside_n old_a age_n be_v cold_a in_o blood_n and_o not_o so_o quick_a of_o spirit_n but_o be_v beat_v with_o the_o rod_n of_o long_a experience_n it_o learn_v to_o be_v slow_a and_o linger_a full_a of_o doubt_n and_o consideration_n incline_v rather_o to_o a_o feminine_a fear_n then_o to_o a_o forward_a resolution_n neither_o of_o these_o attribute_n be_v simple_o in_o themselves_o the_o best_a attendant_n of_o noble_a enterprise_n for_o a_o hotspur_n gallant_a may_v run_v apace_o but_o not_o go_v sure_a and_o what_o young_a man_n soever_o be_v advance_v to_o command_v have_v need_n of_o a_o old_a man_n wit_n to_o discharge_v it_o and_o if_o authority_n do_v at_o any_o time_n fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o youth_n in_o the_o roman_a government_n which_o be_v very_o seldom_o it_o be_v praemium_fw-la virtutis_fw-la non_fw-la aetatis_fw-la for_o his_o virtue_n sake_n not_o his_o age_n pompey_n be_v extraordinary_a happy_a in_o that_o behalf_n for_o he_o attain_v the_o surname_n of_o great_a because_o he_o have_v deserve_v the_o honour_n of_o triumph_n before_o his_o beard_n be_v grow_v and_o yet_o sertorius_n take_v such_o advantage_n at_o pompey_n youth_n sectorius_n come_v against_o he_o in_o spain_n that_o he_o say_v he_o will_v have_v whip_v the_o young_a boy_n to_o rome_n again_o with_o rod_n have_v not_o that_o old_a woman_n meaning_n metellus_n come_v to_o help_v he_o again_o where_o old_a age_n heap_v doubt_n upon_o doubt_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o danger_n of_o unprofitable_a linger_a nec_fw-la ausus_fw-la est_fw-la satis_fw-la nec_fw-la providit_fw-la it_o want_v boldness_n to_o steel_n the_o enterprise_n &_o fall_v also_o short_a of_o good_a providence_n as_o tacitus_n speak_v of_o f._n valens_n 3._o augustus_n caesar_n purpose_v to_o commend_v tiberius_n his_o successor_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a praise_n say_v he_o be_v a_o man_n that_o never_o put_v one_o thing_n to_o be_v twice_o consult_v of_o and_o it_o be_v say_v of_o marius_n marius_n that_o be_v come_v to_o the_o age_n of_o threescore_o and_o five_o year_n or_o thereabouts_o he_o show_v himself_o very_o cold_a and_o slow_a in_o all_o his_o enterprise_n forasmuch_o as_o age_n have_v mortify_v his_o active_a heat_n and_o kill_v that_o ready_a disposition_n of_o body_n that_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v in_o he_o the_o roman_n find_v fabius_n maximus_n to_o be_v full_a of_o doubt_n and_o delay_n good_a to_o defend_v but_o not_o to_o offend_v and_o marcellus_n of_o a_o stir_a spirit_n neither_o quiet_a with_o good_a nor_o ill_a fortune_n as_o annibal_n true_o say_v of_o he_o they_o think_v to_o join_v marcellus_n youthful_a courage_n with_o fabius_n fear_v and_o wisdom_n and_o so_o make_v a_o temperature_n fit_a for_o a_o general_n whereupon_o they_o call_v marcellus_n the_o sword_n and_o fabius_n the_o buckler_n wherein_o caesar_n of_o himself_o be_v excellent_a of_o who_o suetonius_n report_v dubium_fw-la cautior_fw-la a_o audentior_fw-la it_o be_v uncertain_a whether_o he_o be_v more_o wary_a or_o dare_a the_o best_a state_n of_o year_n then_o for_o this_o business_n be_v that_o which_o temper_v the_o heat_n of_o youth_n with_o the_o coldness_n of_o age_n and_o quicken_v the_o slow_a and_o dull_a proceed_n of_o double_a advice_n with_o the_o rashness_n of_o youthful_a resolution_n and_o fall_v out_o between_o the_o year_n of_o five_o and_o thirty_o and_o five_o and_o fifty_o scipio_n africanus_n command_v the_o roman_a army_n in_o spain_n at_o four_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o age_n and_o die_v at_o four_o and_o fifty_o annibal_n be_v choose_v general_n to_o asdrubal_n at_o six_o and_o twenty_o year_n and_o poison_v himself_o at_o threescore_o and_o ten_o pompey_n be_v slay_v at_o nine_o and_o fifty_o and_o caesar_n at_o six_o and_o fifty_o marcellus_n keep_v his_o youthful_a resolution_n to_o his_o old_a day_n forbeing_n threescore_o year_n of_o age_n he_o never_o long_v for_o any_o thing_n more_o than_o to_o fight_v with_o annibal_n hand_n to_o hand_n chap._n xxviii_o the_o gall_n consult_v of_o the_o carriage_n of_o that_o war_n the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n be_v know_v caesar_n the_o war_n wax_v great_a ambassador_n be_v send_v out_o into_o all_o part_n and_o they_o labour_v to_o draw_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o state_n to_o their_o party_n as_o far_o as_o either_o favour_n authority_n or_o money_n can_v prevail_v have_v get_v the_o pledge_n into_o their_o hand_n which_o caesar_n have_v leave_v with_o they_o they_o terrify_v such_o as_o stand_v doubtful_a by_o threaten_v to_o kill_v they_o the_o hedui_n do_v desire_n vercingetorix_n to_o come_v unto_o they_o and_o to_o acquaint_v they_o with_o the_o course_n of_o that_o war_n which_o be_v yield_v unto_o they_o labour_v to_o have_v the_o chief_a command_n transfer_v upon_o they_o the_o matter_n grow_v unto_o a_o controversy_n a_o general_a council_n of_o all_o gallia_n be_v summon_v at_o bibract_n thither_o they_o repair_v in_o great_a multitude_n and_o the_o matter_n be_v put_v to_o voice_n they_o all_o with_o one_o consent_n make_v allowance_n of_o vercingetorix_n for_o their_o general_n the_o man_n of_o rheims_n with_o the_o lingones_n and_o treviri_n be_v absent_a from_o this_o council_n the_o two_o first_o continue_v their_o affection_n to_o the_o roman_a party_n the_o trâ—viri_n be_v far_o off_o and_o be_v annoy_v by_o the_o german_n in_o respect_n they_o be_v absent_a from_o that_o war_n and_o remain_v neutral_a the_o hedui_n be_v much_o grieve_v that_o they_o be_v put_v by_o the_o principality_n they_o complain_v of_o the_o change_n of_o their_o fortune_n and_o wish_v for_o caesar_n former_a indulgence_n neither_o yet_o dare_v they_o disjoin_v themselves_o again_o from_o the_o rest_n the_o war_n be_v already_o undertake_v but_o eporedorix_n and_o viridomarus_n two_o young_a man_n of_o great_a hope_n be_v constrain_v though_o unwilling_a to_o obey_v vercingetorix_n he_o command_v pledge_n to_o be_v deliver_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o state_n and_o appoint_v a_o day_n for_o that_o business_n he_o command_v fifteen_o thousand_o horse_n to_o be_v speedy_o bring_v together_o touch_v foot_n force_n he_o will_v content_v himself_o with_o those_o which_o he_o have_v for_o his_o purpose_n be_v not_o to_o wage_v battle_n but_o whereas_o he_o be_v very_o strong_a in_o horse_n he_o make_v no_o doubt_n to_o keep_v the_o roman_n from_o corn_n and_o forage_v only_a thâ—y_n must_v patient_o endure_v to_o have_v their_o corn_n spoil_v and_o their_o house_n burn_v which_o particular_a loss_n will_v quick_o be_v recompense_v with_o liberty_n and_o perpetual_a sovereignty_n these_o thing_n be_v order_v he_o command_v ten_o thousand_o foot_n to_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o hedui_n and_o segusiani_n border_v upon_o the_o province_n and_o to_o they_o he_o add_v eight_o hundred_o horse_n and_o send_v they_o under_o the_o command_n of_o eporedorix_n his_o brother_n to_o make_v war_n against_o the_o allobroges_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o cause_v the_o gabali_n and_o the_o near_a village_n of_o the_o arverni_n to_o set_v upon_o the_o helvii_n the_o rutheni_n and_o the_o cadurci_n and_o to_o depopulate_v their_o country_n notwithstanding_o by_o secret_a message_n he_o deal_v with_o the_o allobroges_n who_o mind_n he_o think_v to_o be_v scarce_o settle_v from_o the_o former_a war_n the_o promise_a money_n to_o their_o chief_a man_n and_o to_o give_v the_o government_n of_o all_o the_o roman_a province_n to_o their_o state_n to_o answer_v all_o these_o chance_n there_o be_v provide_v but_o two_o and_o twenty_o cohort_n which_o be_v raise_v out_o of_o the_o province_n be_v dispose_v by_o l._n caesar_n a_o legate_n to_o prevent_v these_o mischief_n the_o hedui_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n give_v battle_n to_o their_o borderer_n be_v beat_v out_o of_o the_o field_n and_o be_v drive_v into_o their_o town_n with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o c._n valerius_n donotaurus_n the_o son_n of_o caburus_fw-la the_o chief_a man_n of_o their_o state_n and_o of_o many_o other_o the_o allobroges_n have_v set_v many_o watch_n and_o garrison_n upon_o the_o river_n rhine_n do_v with_o great_a care_n and_o diligence_n defend_v their_o border_n caesar_n understand_v the_o enemy_n to_o be_v strong_a in_o horse_n than_o he_o himself_o be_v and_o the_o passage_n be_v shut_v that_o he_o can_v not_o send_v either_o into_o the_o province_n or_o into_o italy_n for_o any_o supply_n he_o send_v over_o the_o rhine_n into_o germany_n and_o get_v horse_n from_o such_o state_n as_o he_o have_v quiet_v the_o year_n before_o with_o such_o light-armed_n footman_n as_o be_v accustom_v
to_o sight_n among_o the_o horse_n at_o their_o arrival_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v not_o well_o fit_v with_o horse_n he_o take_v the_o horse_n from_o the_o tribune_n the_o roman_a knight_n and_o the_o evocati_fw-la and_o distribute_v they_o among_o the_o german_n observation_n there_o be_v three_o principal_a mean_n to_o draw_v a_o state_n into_o a_o party_n which_o of_o itself_o stand_v neutral_a matter_n or_o to_o win_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n when_o they_o carry_v equal_a or_o indifferent_a affection_n the_o first_o be_v friendship_n by_o favour_n or_o friendship_n the_o second_o by_o authority_n authority_n and_o the_o three_o by_o money_n friendship_n rely_v upon_o former_a respect_n and_o the_o exchange_n of_o precedent_a courtesy_n money_n authority_n conclude_v from_o future_a danger_n and_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v follow_v the_o refusal_n money_n do_v govern_v the_o present_a occasion_n and_o be_v more_o general_a than_o either_o favour_n or_o authority_n the_o gall_n be_v not_o want_v to_o make_v their_o party_n good_a in_o any_o of_o these_o three_o persuade_a motive_n but_o as_o caesar_n say_v quantum_fw-la gratia_fw-la authoritate_fw-la pecunia_fw-la valent_fw-la ad_fw-la sollicitandas_fw-la civitates_fw-la nâ—tuntur_fw-la they_o solicit_v the_o neighbour_n state_n as_o far_o as_o friendship_n authority_n and_o money_n will_v go_v wherein_o as_o they_o go_v about_o to_o lay_v the_o stock_n upon_o it_o so_o they_o leave_v themselves_o but_o one_o trial_n for_o the_o right_n of_o their_o cause_n and_o join_v issue_n for_o all_o upon_o the_o fortune_n of_o that_o action_n for_o when_o they_o shall_v see_v their_o best_a possibility_n too_o weak_a and_o their_o uttermost_a endeavour_n profit_v nothing_o against_o a_o mighty_a prevail_a enemy_n the_o great_a their_o hope_n be_v which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o mean_n the_o great_a will_v be_v their_o despair_n when_o such_o mean_n be_v spend_v for_o it_o be_v a_o shrewd_a thing_n for_o man_n to_o be_v out_o of_o mean_n and_o not_o to_o drive_v a_o hope_n before_o they_o it_o be_v usual_a upon_o such_o main_a occasion_n to_o employ_v the_o chief_a man_n in_o a_o state_n in_o who_o the_o soldier_n may_v have_v most_o assurance_n and_o to_o accompany_v he_o with_o such_o mean_n as_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o commonweal_n may_v afford_v he_o but_o if_o their_o great_a hope_n die_v in_o his_o ill_a success_n or_o wax_v faint_a through_o cold_a fortune_n the_o kingdom_n receive_v loss_n and_o the_o enemy_n get_v advantage_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o great_a preparation_n chap._n xxix_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o gall_n do_v set_v upon_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o be_v beat_v while_o these_o thing_n be_v a_o do_v caesar_n the_o enemy_n force_n and_o the_o horseman_n that_o be_v command_v to_o be_v levy_v in_o all_o gallia_n meet_v together_o and_o come_v out_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o arverni_n a_o great_a number_n of_o these_o be_v gather_v together_o as_o caesar_n march_v against_o the_o sequani_n by_o the_o border_n of_o the_o lingones_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v the_o easy_o relieve_v the_o province_n vercingetorix_n sit_v down_o about_o ten_o mile_n from_o the_o roman_n in_o three_o several_a camp_n and_o call_v the_o captain_n and_o colonel_n of_o horse_n to_o counsel_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o time_n of_o victory_n be_v now_o come_v for_o the_o roman_n leave_v gallia_n and_o flee_v into_o the_o province_n which_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o obtain_n of_o their_o present_a liberty_n but_o avail_v little_a for_o the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o future_a time_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o purpose_n to_o make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o war_n but_o to_o return_v again_o with_o great_a force_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o set_v upon_o they_o in_o their_o march_n ladâ—â—_n with_o carriage_n if_o the_o foot_n do_v assist_v their_o horse_n than_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v any_o way_n or_o proceed_v in_o their_o journey_n but_o if_o which_o he_o hope_v will_v rather_o happen_v forsake_v their_o carriage_n every_o man_n shift_v for_o himself_o they_o will_v depart_v both_o rob_v of_o their_o necessary_n and_o of_o their_o honour_n for_o they_o need_v not_o doubt_v of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n of_o who_o he_o be_v most_o assure_v that_o they_o dare_v not_o go_v out_o from_o among_o the_o foot_n force_n and_o to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v be_v the_o better_o encourage_v he_o will_v draw_v all_o the_o force_n in_o a_o readiness_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o place_v they_o so_o as_o they_o may_v be_v a_o terror_n to_o the_o enemy_n the_o horseman_n cry_v out_o all_o together_o that_o this_o resolution_n may_v be_v strengthen_v with_o a_o holy_a oath_n let_v he_o never_o be_v receive_v under_o any_o roof_n or_o have_v access_n to_o his_o wife_n child_n or_o parent_n that_o do_v not_o twice_o run_v through_o the_o army_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o thing_n be_v well_o like_v of_o and_o every_o man_n force_v to_o take_v that_o oath_n the_o next_o day_n he_o divide_v his_o cavalry_n into_o three_o part_n two_o army_n show_v themselves_o on_o each_o side_n and_o the_o three_o begin_v to_o make_v stay_n of_o the_o vauward_n which_o be_v know_v caesar_n divide_v his_o horse_n likewise_o into_o three_o part_n and_o send_v they_o to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o fight_v in_o all_o part_n the_o army_n stand_v still_o the_o carriage_n be_v receive_v within_o the_o legion_n if_o our_o man_n be_v overcharge_v any_o where_o caesar_n bend_v the_o legion_n that_o way_n which_o do_v both_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n from_o follow_v they_o and_o assure_v our_o man_n of_o hope_n of_o rescue_n at_o length_n the_o german_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o hill_n on_o the_o right_a side_n do_v put_v the_o enemy_n from_o their_o place_n and_o follow_v they_o as_o they_o flee_v even_o to_o the_o river_n where_o vercingetorix_n stay_v with_o the_o foot_n company_n and_o slay_v many_o of_o they_o whereupon_o the_o rest_n fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v be_v encompass_v about_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n execution_n be_v do_v in_o all_o place_n three_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o hedui_n be_v take_v and_o bring_v to_o caesar_n cotus_n the_o general_n of_o the_o horse_n who_o at_o the_o last_o election_n of_o magistrate_n stand_v in_o controversy_n with_o convictolitanis_n and_o cavarillus_n who_o after_o the_o revolt_n of_o litavicus_n command_v the_o foot_n troop_n and_o eporedorix_n under_o who_o command_n before_o caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n the_o hedui_n make_v war_n with_o the_o sequani_n all_o the_o cavalry_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n vercingetorix_n draw_v in_o his_o force_n which_o he_o have_v imbattel_v before_o his_o camp_n and_o immediate_o after_o begin_v to_o march_v towards_o alesia_n a_o town_n of_o the_o mandubii_fw-la command_v the_o baggage_n to_o be_v speedy_o bring_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o to_o follow_v he_o caesar_n have_v convey_v his_o carriage_n to_o the_o next_o hill_n under_o the_o custody_n of_o two_o legion_n he_o follow_v the_o enemy_n as_o long_o as_o the_o day_n will_v give_v he_o leave_v and_o have_v slay_v some_o three_o thousand_o of_o the_o rearward_n the_o next_o day_n follow_v he_o encamp_v at_o alesia_n observation_n the_o gall_n be_v much_o strong_a than_o the_o roman_n in_o cavalry_n war_n both_o according_a to_o quantity_n and_o quality_n but_o the_o roman_a infantry_n be_v great_a in_o virtue_n and_o worth_n than_o any_o foot_n force_n of_o the_o gall_n notwithstanding_o their_o inequality_n in_o number_n which_o show_v that_o the_o roman_n do_v more_o rely_v upon_o their_o legionary_a soldier_n then_o upon_o their_o equites_fw-la and_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o argument_n in_o the_o handle_n of_o that_o question_n which_o be_v so_o much_o debate_v among_o man_n of_o war_n whether_o the_o horse_n or_o the_o foot_n company_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n in_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o war_n which_o indeed_o be_v a_o question_n à _fw-fr male_a dâ—visis_fw-la be_v both_o so_o necessary_a for_o the_o perfect_a execution_n of_o martial_a purpose_n as_o they_o can_v well_o be_v disjoin_v and_o if_o we_o look_v particular_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o several_a service_n we_o shall_v easy_o discern_v the_o difference_n and_o be_v able_a to_o judge_v of_o the_o validity_n of_o their_o part_n wherein_o first_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v horseman_n but_o that_o foot_n company_n be_v serviceable_a to_o more_o purpose_n than_o troop_n of_o horse_n for_o the_o horseman_n be_v of_o no_o use_n but_o in_o open_a and_o champain_n place_n whereas_o footman_n be_v not_o only_o of_o importance_n in_o fielden_a couâ—treys_n but_o be_v necessary_a also_o in_o mountainous_a or_o woodie_a place_n in_o valley_n in_o ditch_n
take_v the_o city_n and_o make_v their_o succour_n of_o no_o effect_n the_o state_n army_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o grave_a maurice_n do_v the_o like_a at_o the_o town_n of_o grave_a in_o the_o year_n 1602._o but_o of_o this_o at_o alesia_n may_v well_o be_v say_v that_o which_o livy_n speak_v of_o the_o battle_n at_o nola_n ingens_fw-la eo_fw-la die_fw-la res_fw-la ac_fw-la nescio_fw-la a_o maxima_fw-la illo_fw-la bello_fw-la gesta_fw-la sit_fw-la a_o great_a piece_n of_o service_n be_v do_v that_o day_n and_o i_o think_v i_o may_v call_v it_o the_o great_a in_o that_o whole_a war_n the_o second_o observation_n it_o be_v here_o deliver_v that_o the_o outward_a circuit_n of_o the_o work_v contain_v fourteen_o mile_n and_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o inward_a work_n eleven_o mile_n upon_o which_o ground_n justus_n lipsius_n make_v a_o unjust_a conjecture_n of_o the_o space_n between_o the_o outward_a and_o the_o inward_a work_n where_o the_o roman_n day_n encamp_v mistake_v for_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o circumference_n and_o the_o diameter_n 2._o he_o make_v the_o diameter_n of_o the_o great_a circle_v four_o and_o of_o the_o lesser_a three_o mile_n and_o then_o he_o take_v the_o lesser_a diameter_n out_o of_o the_o great_a and_o conclude_v the_o space_n to_o be_v almost_o a_o mile_n between_o the_o inner_a and_o the_o outward_a rampire_n where_o the_o roman_n lie_v encamp_v between_o the_o work_n and_o lest_o the_o matter_n may_v be_v mistake_v in_o cipher_n he_o do_v express_v it_o at_o large_a in_o significant_a word_n whereby_o he_o make_v the_o space_n twice_o as_o much_o as_o indeed_o it_o be_v for_o the_o two_o circle_n have_v one_o and_o the_o same_o centre_n the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o one_o be_v to_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o other_o and_o the_o remainder_n will_v amount_v almost_o to_o half_a a_o mile_n which_o according_a to_o the_o ground_n here_o deliver_v be_v the_o true_a distance_n between_o the_o work_n if_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n whereunto_o they_o have_v a_o respect_n will_v suffer_v they_o to_o keep_v the_o same_o distance_n in_o all_o part_n but_o aliquando_fw-la bone_fw-la dormitat_fw-la homerus_fw-la homer_n himself_o be_v out_o sometime_o and_o no_o disgrace_n neither_o to_o the_o excellency_n of_o his_o learning_n deserve_v all_o honour_n for_o the_o great_a light_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o history_n and_o for_o redeem_v the_o truth_n from_o blot_n and_o barbarism_n chap._n xxxii_o the_o gall_n raise_v a_o army_n of_o 248000_o to_o raise_v the_o siege_n at_o alesia_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v a_o do_v at_o alesia_n the_o gall_n have_v summon_v a_o council_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o each_o state_n caesar_n they_o think_v it_o not_o convenient_a to_o take_v all_o that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n according_a to_o vercingetorix_n direction_n but_o to_o proportion_v out_o a_o certain_a number_n for_o every_o state_n lest_o that_o of_o such_o a_o confuse_a multitude_n there_o will_v be_v no_o government_n be_v not_o able_a to_o know_v their_o soldier_n or_o to_o martial_a they_o in_o any_o good_a order_n or_o to_o make_v provision_n of_o victual_n for_o so_o great_a a_o body_n the_o hedui_n and_o their_o client_n the_o segusiani_n ambivareti_n aulerci_n brannovices_n and_o brannovii_n be_v command_v to_o send_v out_o five_o and_o thirty_o thousand_o the_o arverni_n with_o their_o client_n the_o heleuteri_n cadurci_n gaballi_n velauni_n as_o many_o the_o senones_n sequani_n bituriges_n santones_n rutheni_n carnutes_n twelve_o thousand_o the_o bellovaci_n ten_o thousand_o the_o lemovices_n as_o many_o the_o pictones_n turones_n parisii_n heleuteri_n suessiones_n 8000_o the_o ambiani_n mediomatrice_n petrocorii_n nervii_n morini_n nitiobriges_n 5000_o the_o aulerci_n cenomani_n as_o many_o the_o atrebates_n 4000_o the_o bellocassi_n lexovii_n aulerci_n eburones_n 3000_o the_o rauraci_n and_o boii_n 30000_o the_o state_n border_v upon_o the_o ocean_n who_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o gallia_n they_o call_v aremoricae_n such_o as_o be_v the_o curiosolite_n rhedones_n ambibarri_n cadetes_n osismii_n lemovices_n veneti_n unelli_n six_o thousand_o of_o these_o the_o bellovaci_n refuse_v to_o give_v their_o number_n say_v that_o they_o will_v make_v war_n with_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o own_o name_n and_o according_a to_o their_o own_o direction_n neither_o will_v they_o serve_v under_o any_o man_n command_n notwithstanding_o being_n entreat_v by_o comius_n for_o his_o sake_n they_o send_v two_o thousand_o caesar_n as_o we_o have_v heretofore_o deliver_v have_v use_v the_o help_n of_o this_o comius_n the_o year_n before_o in_o britain_n be_v both_o faithful_a and_o serviceable_a in_o recompense_n of_o which_o service_n he_o have_v free_v his_o state_n of_o all_o duty_n to_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o restore_v unto_o they_o their_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n and_o to_o himself_o he_o have_v give_v the_o morâ—â—i_n notwithstanding_o such_o be_v the_o universal_a consent_n of_o all_o gallia_n to_o redeem_v their_o liberty_n and_o their_o ancient_a honour_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n as_o neither_o friendship_n nor_o the_o memory_n of_o former_a benefit_n can_v any_o way_n move_v they_o every_o man_n intend_v that_o war_n as_o far_o as_o either_o the_o power_n of_o his_o mind_n or_o the_o possibility_n of_o his_o mean_n will_v reach_v unto_o and_o have_v draw_v together_o eight_o thousand_o horse_n and_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o thousand_o foot_n they_o muster_v their_o force_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o hedui_n where_o they_o appoint_v captain_n and_o the_o chief_a command_n be_v give_v to_o comius_n of_o arras_n and_o to_o viridomarus_n and_o eporedorix_n hedui_n and_o to_o vergasilaunus_fw-la of_o the_o arverni_n cousin-germaâ—n_a to_o vercingetorix_n to_o these_o there_o be_v certain_a choose_v out_o of_o every_o state_n to_o give_v assistance_n in_o council_n of_o war_n and_o all_o of_o they_o go_v jocund_o and_o full_o of_o hope_n to_o alesia_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o man_n that_o do_v think_v that_o the_o very_a sight_n of_o such_o a_o multitude_n be_v able_a to_o be_v endure_v especial_o when_o the_o fight_n will_v grow_v doubtful_a by_o sally_n make_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o so_o great_a force_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n shall_v be_v see_v without_o observation_n vercingetorix_n desire_n be_v to_o have_v have_v as_o many_o of_o the_o gall_n send_v to_o his_o rescue_n as_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n ground_v himself_o upon_o that_o maxim_n where_o the_o whole_a state_n be_v in_o question_n there_o the_o whole_a force_n of_o that_o state_n be_v to_o be_v employ_v but_o the_o other_o prince_n of_o gallia_n think_v it_o not_o expedient_a to_o raise_v so_o great_a a_o number_n for_o they_o will_v have_v accrue_v to_o such_o a_o multitude_n of_o people_n as_o can_v not_o have_v be_v contain_v within_o the_o rule_n of_o government_n which_o may_v bring_v to_o our_o consideration_n that_o which_o the_o course_n of_o these_o time_n do_v not_o often_o bring_v into_o dispute_n service_n what_o number_n of_o man_n well_o martial_v and_o with_o good_a discipline_n be_v a_o competent_a proportion_n for_o any_o service_n xerxes_n army_n which_o he_o carry_v into_o greece_n be_v famous_a for_o two_o respect_n first_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o multitude_n which_o be_v so_o great_a that_o when_o he_o himself_o return_v back_o into_o asia_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o of_o the_o best_a soldier_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a army_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o one_o mardonius_n second_o that_o of_o so_o many_o fight_a man_n there_o be_v two_o hundred_o and_o threescore_o thousand_o slay_v in_o one_o battle_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o one_o thousand_o and_o three_o hundred_o grecian_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o conquest_n of_o a_o kingdom_n do_v not_o necessary_o follow_v the_o multitude_n of_o soldier_n in_o a_o army_n for_o either_o xerxes_n army_n be_v too_o few_o in_o number_n to_o conquer_v greece_n or_o too_o many_o to_o be_v well_o martial_v marius_n with_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n defeat_v the_o cimbri_n that_o be_v so_o many_o in_o number_n marius_n as_o they_o make_v a_o battle_n of_o thirty_o furlong_n square_a and_o of_o they_o he_o slay_v a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o and_o take_v threescore_o thousand_o prisoner_n and_o for_o that_o i_o do_v remember_v of_o that_o which_o i_o have_v read_v the_o great_a conquest_n that_o ever_o be_v make_v be_v achieve_v with_o army_n under_o fifty_o thousand_o fight_a man_n the_o great_a alexander_n subdue_v all_o asia_n and_o fetch_v the_o monarchy_n from_o the_o persian_a into_o greece_n with_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n the_o roman_n have_v very_o seldom_o ten_o legion_n in_o a_o army_n which_o be_v about_o that_o rate_n but_o
of_o arm_n which_o caesar_n have_v achieve_v by_o his_o valour_n and_o impatient_a of_o any_o 1._o partner_n in_o point_n of_o lordship_n find_v mean_n first_o to_o draw_v two_o legion_n from_o he_o under_o colour_n of_o the_o parthian_a war_n and_o afterward_o get_v a_o decree_n of_o senate_n to_o send_v he_o a_o successor_n before_o his_o time_n be_v expire_v and_o withal_o to_o return_v as_o a_o private_a person_n to_o rome_n to_o render_v a_o account_n of_o his_o action_n during_o his_o employment_n which_o caesar_n take_v as_o a_o assurance_n of_o his_o downfall_n give_v martial_a huge_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o gain_n paulus_n aemilius_n one_o of_o the_o consul_n and_o c._n curio_n a_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n to_o resist_v this_o decree_n howbeit_o the_o succeed_a consul_n be_v both_o his_o enemy_n have_v no_o far_a hope_n of_o repeal_n the_o same_o he_o entreat_v in_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v hold_v only_a gallia_n cisalpina_n and_o illyricum_n with_o two_o legion_n until_o he_o shall_v obtain_v the_o consulship_n which_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o these_o letter_n deliver_v by_o fabius_n and_o be_v deny_v by_o pompey_n faction_n in_o these_o partial_a and_o tumultuous_a assembly_n of_o the_o senate_n cause_v he_o to_o forfeit_v his_o loyalty_n to_o the_o state_n verify_v the_o old_a say_n 91._o that_o oftentimes_o a_o injury_n make_v way_n to_o a_o great_a fortune_n the_o second_o observation_n concern_v the_o opposition_n of_o the_o tribune_n people_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o people_n eat_v up_o with_o usury_n and_o other_o grievous_a exaction_n forsake_v both_o the_o city_n and_o the_o camp_n when_o the_o state_n have_v war_n with_o the_o volsci_n and_o the_o aequi_n and_o take_v themselves_o to_o a_o mountain_n near_o unto_o rome_n will_v not_o return_v from_o thence_o until_o the_o senate_n have_v give_v order_n for_o their_o grievance_n in_o which_o transaction_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v magistrate_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n to_o counterpoise_v the_o power_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o to_o restrain_v the_o boundless_a authority_n of_o the_o consul_n which_o office_n be_v reckon_v in_o the_o number_n of_o their_o holy_a thing_n never_o to_o be_v violate_v either_o in_o word_n or_o deed_n but_o the_o offender_n shall_v redeem_v it_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o life_n their_o whole_a power_n consist_v in_o let_v and_o hinder_v as_o when_o either_o the_o senate_n or_o any_o one_o senator_n go_v about_o a_o matter_n which_o may_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o people_n in_o general_a or_o to_o any_o one_o of_o the_o commonalty_n in_o particular_a then_o do_v the_o tribune_n interpose_v their_o authority_n to_o frustrate_v and_o avert_v the_o same_o which_o be_v available_a albeit_o the_o matter_n be_v gainsay_v but_o by_o one_o tribune_n only_o by_o which_o intervention_n they_o keep_v the_o senate_n in_o awful_a moderation_n and_o be_v always_o profitable_a to_o the_o state_n but_o when_o they_o happen_v upon_o factious_a and_o turbulent_a person_n howbeit_o their_o power_n be_v bound_v with_o the_o wall_n of_o rome_n and_o extend_v no_o further_o than_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n their_o door_n be_v never_o shut_v but_o stand_v open_a night_n and_o day_n for_o a_o refuge_n to_o such_o as_o shall_v fly_v to_o they_o for_o succour_n neither_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o be_v absent_a from_o rome_n a_o whole_a day_n together_o the_o robe_n of_o their_o magistracy_n be_v of_o purple_a as_o cicero_n intimate_v in_o his_o oration_n pro_n cluentio_n this_o tribunitian_a power_n begin_v about_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 260_o be_v suppress_v by_o sylla_n restore_v by_o pompey_n and_o utter_o take_v away_o by_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n if_o it_o be_v demand_v what_o kind_n of_o commonwealth_n this_o roman_a government_n be_v rome_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o upon_o the_o expulsion_n of_o their_o king_n the_o sovereignty_n rest_v in_o their_o consul_n for_o as_o 2._o livy_n say_v there_o be_v nothing_o diminish_v of_o kingly_a government_n save_v only_o for_o the_o better_a establish_n of_o liberty_n that_o the_o consular_a dignity_n be_v make_v annual_a but_o that_o hold_v not_o long_o for_o publicola_n impart_v this_o sovereignty_n to_o the_o communality_n make_v it_o lawful_a to_o appeal_v from_o the_o consul_n to_o the_o people_n whereby_o 4._o the_o consular_a sovereignty_n be_v dissolve_v and_o the_o people_n take_v occasion_n to_o oppose_v themselves_o against_o the_o father_n hence_o grow_v the_o reciprocal_a invective_n between_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o tribune_n and_o when_o the_o consul_n send_v a_o lictor_n sergeant_n to_o the_o tribune_n the_o tribune_n will_v send_v a_o viâ—tor_n pursuivant_n to_o the_o consul_n and_o so_o the_o commonwealth_n halt_v between_o a_o aristocracy_n and_o a_o democracy_n until_o at_o length_n the_o vogue_n of_o the_o communality_n draw_v it_o to_o a_o perfect_a democracy_n and_o make_v their_o act_n of_o senate_n of_o no_o value_n unless_o they_o be_v ratify_v by_o the_o people_n howbeit_o the_o senate_n afford_v always_o many_o famous_a and_o eminent_a man_n such_o as_o have_v enlarge_v the_o bound_n of_o their_o empire_n and_o keep_v on_o foot_n their_o ancient_a valour_n and_o be_v the_o flower_n of_o that_o people_n 8._o which_o cyneas_n call_v a_o town_n of_o king_n be_v consequent_o so_o engage_v in_o the_o business_n of_o the_o state_n that_o matter_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n carry_v as_o they_o stand_v affect_v as_o appear_v by_o this_o passage_n of_o caesar_n the_o three_o observation_n three_o good_a we_o may_v observe_v that_o violence_n and_o partiality_n be_v the_o bane_n of_o all_o consultation_n especial_o when_o the_o common_a good_a be_v shadow_v with_o private_a respect_n and_o albeit_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o roman_a senate_n far_o exceed_v all_o that_o can_v be_v speak_v of_o other_o counsel_n of_o state_n rectify_v the_o inordinate_a affection_n of_o any_o catiline_n that_o will_v lift_v up_o his_o head_n high_o than_o his_o fellow_n yet_o here_o it_o suffer_v equity_n and_o indifferency_n to_o be_v suppress_v with_o faction_n giving_z way_n to_o violence_n hist_o which_o govern_v all_o thing_n untoward_o and_o with_o cord_n of_o private_a hate_n oftentimes_o draw_v the_o commonwealth_n into_o utter_a desolation_n for_o prevention_n whereof_o the_o athenian_n swear_v their_o senator_n to_o make_v the_o common_a good_a the_o chief_a scope_n of_o all_o their_o counsel_n naearc_n imply_v thereby_o that_o private_a respect_n be_v always_o offensive_a to_o public_a end_n and_o the_o state_n ever_o suffer_v when_o favour_n prevail_v against_o the_o common_a profit_n tully_n go_v about_o to_o direct_v a_o counsellor_n in_o this_o behalf_n only_o wish_v a_o man_n to_o deliver_v sincere_o what_o he_o think_v of_o any_o matter_n philipp_n although_o he_o happen_v to_o stand_v alone_o in_o his_o own_o conceit_n for_o the_o issue_n of_o a_o business_n do_v not_o so_o much_o concern_v a_o counsellor_n as_o to_o speak_v true_o his_o opinion_n thereof_o and_o to_o that_o end_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_a senate_n be_v that_o the_o young_a and_o such_o as_o come_v last_o in_o place_n shall_v declare_v themselves_o first_o that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v forestall_v in_o their_o opinion_n nor_o put_v beside_o that_o they_o will_v have_v speak_v together_o with_o the_o equality_n which_o it_o make_v of_o their_o voice_n for_o thing_n first_o speak_v do_v always_o stick_v fast_o in_o our_o apprehension_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n 17._o theodorus_n a_o greek_a tragedian_n will_v never_o show_v himself_o on_o the_o stage_n after_o any_o other_o actor_n as_o hold_v the_o first_o passage_n to_o affect_v most_o the_o spectator_n notwithstanding_o which_o custom_n caesaris_fw-la it_o be_v report_v that_o caesar_n in_o favour_n of_o pompey_n after_o their_o new-made_a alliance_n will_v take_v his_o voice_n first_o thereby_o to_o anticipate_v the_o opinion_n of_o other_o that_o shall_v follow_v the_o emperor_n as_o it_o seem_v take_v what_o place_n they_o please_v annal._n for_o tiberius_n in_o marcellus_n cause_n say_v that_o he_o will_v sentence_v open_o and_o upon_o oath_n that_o other_o man_n may_v do_v the_o like_a whereunto_o cn_fw-la piso_n reply_v what_o place_n will_v thou_o take_v to_o declare_v thyself_o caesar_n for_o if_o thou_o speak_v first_o i_o know_v how_o to_o follow_v if_o last_o i_o be_o afraid_a i_o shall_v dissent_v from_o thy_o opinion_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o unblamable_a in_o matter_n of_o counsel_n be_v when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o senate_n house_n as_o to_o a_o prize_n of_o flattery_n annal._n wherein_o l._n piso_n be_v deserve_o commend_v for_o that_o he_o never_o willing_o show_v himself_o of_o a_o servile_a opinion_n but_o when_o necessity_n force_v he_o he_o temper_v it_o with_o wisdom_n
better_a understanding_n of_o this_o noble_a history_n to_o say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o person_n here_o mention_v and_o first_o of_o fabius_n fabius_n as_o descend_v of_o the_o noble_a and_o most_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o patrician_n order_n be_v able_a of_o themselves_o to_o maintain_v war_n a_o long_a time_n against_o the_o veij_n a_o strong_a and_o warlike_a town_n until_o at_o length_n they_o be_v all_o unfortunate_o slay_v by_o a_o ambushment_n fastis_fw-la which_o ovid_n mention_v where_o he_o say_v haec_fw-la fuit_fw-la illa_fw-la dies_fw-la in_fw-la qua_fw-la veientibus_fw-la arvis_fw-la tercentum_fw-la fabâ—iter_fw-la cecidere_fw-la duo_fw-la this_o be_v that_o black_a day_n when_o in_o veian_a field_n three_o hundred_o and_o six_o fabiâ—_n be_v kill_v only_o there_o remain_v of_o that_o house_n a_o child_n then_o keep_v at_o rome_n which_o in_o tract_n of_o time_n multiply_v into_o six_o great_a family_n all_o which_o have_v their_o turn_n in_o the_o high_a charge_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o commonweal_n among_o who_o he_o that_o supplant_v hannibal_n by_o temporize_v and_o get_v thereby_o the_o surname_n of_o maximus_n max._n be_v most_o famous_a as_o ennius_n witness_v unus_n homo_fw-la nobis_fw-la cunctando_fw-la restituit_fw-la rem_fw-la non_fw-la ponebat_fw-la enim_fw-la rumores_fw-la ante_fw-la salutem_fw-la ergo_fw-la postque_fw-la magisque_fw-la viri_fw-la nunc_fw-la gloria_fw-la claret_n one_o man_n by_o wise_a delay_n have_v save_v our_o state_n who_o rumour_n after_o public_a safety_n set_v for_o which_o his_o fame_n grow_v every_o day_n more_o great_a but_o c._n fabius_n here_o mention_v never_o attain_v to_o any_o place_n of_o magistracy_n other_o than_o such_o command_n as_o he_o hold_v in_o the_o war_n under_o caesar_n lentulus_n lentulus_n the_o consul_n be_v of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o cornelii_n from_o who_o be_v say_v to_o come_v sixteen_o consul_n he_o be_v from_o the_o beginning_n a_o mortal_a enemy_n to_o caesar_n and_o so_o continue_v to_o his_o death_n which_o fall_v unto_o he_o in_o egypt_n by_o commandment_n of_o king_n ptolemy_n after_o pompey_n be_v slay_v scipio_n be_v father_n in_o law_n to_o pompey_n after_o the_o death_n of_o caesar_n daughter_n scipio_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v obtain_v the_o government_n of_o asia_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n he_o bring_v good_a succour_n to_o assist_v his_o son_n in_o law_n as_o it_o follow_v in_o the_o three_o commentary_n and_o upon_o the_o overthrow_n at_o pharsalia_n he_o flee_v into_o africa_n where_o he_o renew_v the_o war_n and_o become_v chief_a commander_n of_o the_o remain_a party_n against_o caesar_n but_o be_v in_o the_o end_n defeat_v he_o make_v towards_o spain_n and_o fear_v by_o the_o way_n lest_o he_o shall_v fall_v into_o his_o enemy_n hand_n he_o slay_v himself_o marcellus_n be_v of_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o claudii_n marcellus_n which_o come_v original_o from_o the_o sabine_n on_o his_o behalf_n there_o be_v a_o oration_n extant_a of_o tully_n entitle_v pro_fw-la marcello_n he_o be_v afterward_o slay_v by_o one_o chilo_n m._n antonius_n be_v famous_a in_o all_o the_o roman_a history_n anton._n for_o attain_v in_o a_o small_a time_n to_o so_o great_a a_o height_n in_o that_o government_n for_o in_o all_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n he_o be_v but_o a_o treasurer_n under_o caesar_n which_o be_v the_o least_o of_o all_o public_a place_n of_o charge_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o civil_a warn_v he_o be_v make_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n and_o within_o less_o than_o eight_o year_n after_o come_v to_o be_v fellow-partner_n with_o octavius_n caesar_n in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o if_o cleopatra_n beauty_n have_v not_o blind_v he_o he_o may_v have_v easy_o through_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o soldier_n supplant_v his_o competitor_n and_o seize_v upon_o the_o monarchy_n the_o name_n of_o cassius_n be_v ominous_a for_o trouble_v to_o the_o state_n of_o rome_n cassiâ—s_n and_o their_o end_n be_v as_o unfortunate_a this_o l._n cassius_n for_o his_o part_n after_o the_o great_a trouble_n he_o have_v stir_v up_o in_o spain_n be_v drown_v in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n eber._n piso_n be_v make_v censor_n in_o the_o consulship_n of_o l._n paulus_n and_o claudius_n marcellus_n piso_n have_v himself_o be_v consul_n eight_o year_n before_o in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 695_o succeed_v caesar_n and_o bibulus_n and_o be_v the_o man_n against_o who_o tully_n pen_v that_o oration_n which_o be_v extant_a in_o pisonem_fw-la touch_v the_o office_n of_o censor_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o about_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 310_o the_o consul_n be_v distract_v with_o multiplicity_n of_o foreign_a business_n omit_v the_o censure_n or_o assessment_n of_o the_o city_n for_o some_o year_n together_o whereupon_o it_o be_v afterward_o think_v fit_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o peculiar_a officer_n appoint_v for_o that_o service_n and_o to_o be_v call_v censor_n forasmuch_o as_o every_o man_n be_v to_o be_v tax_v rank_v and_o value_v according_a to_o his_o opinion_n and_o censure_n the_o first_o part_n of_o their_o office_n consist_v in_o a_o account_n or_o valuation_n of_o the_o number_n age_n order_n dignity_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o roman_a citizen_n for_o it_o be_v very_o material_a for_o the_o state_n to_o know_v the_o number_n of_o their_o people_n citizen_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v be_v inform_v of_o their_o own_o strength_n and_o so_o shape_v their_o course_n according_o either_o in_o undertake_v war_n transplant_n colony_n or_o in_o make_v provision_n of_o victual_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n it_o be_v also_o as_o requisite_a to_o know_v every_o man_n age_n age_n whereby_o they_o grow_v capable_a of_o honour_n and_o office_n fast_n according_a to_o that_o of_o ovid_n finitaque_fw-la certis_fw-la legibus_fw-la est_fw-la aetas_fw-la unde_fw-la petatur_fw-la honos_fw-la in_o certain_a law_n age_n be_v define_v 4._o and_o thence_o be_v honour_n have_v m._n antonius_n command_v that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o roman_a child_n shall_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o treasury_n within_o thirty_o day_n after_o they_o be_v bear_v 3._o according_a to_o which_o custom_n cens_fw-la francis_n the_o french_a king_n publish_v a_o edict_n anno_fw-la 1539_o that_o every_o parish_n shall_v keep_v a_o register_n of_o burial_n and_o christen_n which_o since_o that_o time_n be_v use_v in_o england_n the_o distinction_n of_o condition_n and_o state_n call_n range_v every_o man_n in_o his_o proper_a order_n be_v as_o necessary_a in_o the_o commonweal_n ability_n and_o as_o worthy_a of_o the_o censor_n notice_n as_o any_o thing_n beside_o neither_o may_v the_o assessment_n of_o man_n ability_n be_v omit_v which_o be_v ordain_v that_o every_o man_n may_v bear_v a_o part_n in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o state_n in_o which_o respect_n 6._o servius_n tullus_n be_v commend_v for_o rate_v man_n according_a to_o their_o wealth_n whereas_o before_o that_o time_n every_o man_n pay_v alike_o for_o man_n be_v take_v to_o be_v interest_v in_o the_o commonweal_n according_a to_o their_o mean_n the_o last_o and_o base_a sort_n of_o citizen_n be_v name_v capitecensi_fw-la aetis_n and_o be_v set_v in_o the_o subsidy_n at_o three_o hundred_o seventy_o five_o piece_n of_o money_n such_o as_o be_v not_o assess_v have_v no_o voice_n in_o the_o commonweal_n the_o second_o and_o chief_a part_n of_o this_o office_n be_v in_o reform_v manner_n 6._o as_o the_o ground-plot_n and_o foundation_n of_o every_o commonwealth_n to_o which_o end_n they_o have_v power_n to_o inquire_v into_o every_o man_n life_n if_o any_o one_o have_v play_v the_o ill_a husband_n and_o neglect_v his_o farm_n or_o leave_v his_o vine_n untrimmed_a the_o censor_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o if_o a_o roman_a knight_n keep_v his_o horse_n lean_a it_o be_v a_o matter_n for_o they_o to_o look_v into_o they_o depose_v or_o bring_v in_o new_a senator_n they_o review_v all_o degree_n and_o condition_n of_o man_n advance_v this_o man_n from_o a_o mean_a tribe_n to_o a_o more_o honourable_a and_o pull_v another_o down_o they_o have_v the_o care_n of_o building_n repair_v of_o high_a way_n with_o other_o public_a work_n and_o be_v repute_v of_o the_o best_a rank_n of_o magistrate_n in_o rome_n roscius_n l._n roscius_n have_v former_o be_v one_o of_o caesar_n legate_n in_o gallia_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o five_o commentary_n tertiam_fw-la in_o essuos_fw-la l._n roscio_n the_o three_o legion_n among_o the_o essui_n under_o l._n roscius_n the_o prator_n be_v judge_n in_o cause_n of_o controversy_n and_o difference_n between_o party_n and_o party_n and_o be_v as_o the_o caddy_n among_o the_o turk_n chap._n iii_o the_o senate_n prepare_v for_o war_n the_o next_o day_n after_o the_o senate_n assemble_v out_o of_o the_o city_n law_n where_o pompey_n according_a to_o such_o instruction_n as_o he_o have_v former_o give_v to_o scipio_n extol_v
occasion_n to_o use_v they_o in_o their_o show_n bustis_fw-la either_o at_o their_o triumphal_a entry_n into_o the_o city_n upon_o their_o victory_n or_o at_o the_o funeral_n solemnity_n of_o some_o personage_n of_o memory_n or_o otherwise_o at_o their_o feast_n and_o jollity_n quinetiam_fw-la exhilarare_fw-la viris_fw-la convivia_fw-la caede_fw-la mos_fw-la olim_fw-la itaâ—_n &_o miscere_fw-la epulis_fw-la spectacula_fw-la dira_fw-la the_o death_n of_o man_n make_v mirth_n at_o feast_n of_o old_a and_o banquet_n than_o be_v grace_v with_o fencer_n bold_a they_o fight_v common_o man_n to_o man_n at_o all_o advantage_n and_o be_v seldom_o excuse_v until_o one_o of_o the_o two_o lay_v dead_a upon_o the_o place_n neither_o be_v he_o then_o quit_v that_o have_v slay_v his_o companion_n but_o stand_v liable_a to_o undertake_v another_o and_o so_o a_o three_o until_o he_o have_v foil_v six_o or_o seven_o combatant_n and_o if_o his_o hap_n be_v to_o prevail_v so_o often_o he_o be_v then_o honour_v with_o a_o garland_n wound_v about_o with_o ribbon_n of_o wool_n lemniscâ—_n which_o they_o call_v lemnisci_n and_o receive_v of_o the_o praetor_n a_o great_a knot_a staff_n war_n call_v rudis_fw-la which_o he_o afterward_o carry_v about_o with_o he_o as_o a_o ensign_n of_o liberty_n these_o bloody_a spectacle_n continue_v unto_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a and_o be_v by_o he_o prohibit_v as_o likewise_o also_o by_o arcadius_n and_o honorius_n and_o utter_o abolish_v after_o the_o reign_n of_o theodorick_n king_n of_o the_o goth_n let_v he_o that_o will_v look_v further_o into_o the_o fashion_n of_o these_o show_v read_v what_o lipsius_n have_v write_v concern_v the_o same_o that_o which_o i_o observe_v herein_o be_v 1._o the_o use_n which_o the_o state_n make_v hereof_o for_o howsoever_o these_o sight_n and_o solemnity_n be_v set_v forth_o for_o the_o compass_v of_o private_a end_n yet_o nevertheless_o the_o commonweal_n draw_v benefit_n from_o the_o same_o for_o a_o multitude_n be_v of_o a_o fickle_a and_o mutable_a nature_n be_v no_o way_n so_o well_o settle_v with_o contentment_n of_o the_o time_n or_o keep_v from_o novelty_n and_o innovation_n as_o with_o public_a show_n and_o entertainment_n which_o be_v as_o stay_v to_o their_o affection_n that_o they_o swerve_v not_o from_o the_o government_n by_o which_o they_o live_v in_o civil_a consociation_n so_o we_o read_v how_o the_o grecian_n institute_v as_o popular_a entertainment_n their_o olympian_a nemean_a isthmian_a and_o pythian_a game_n the_o roman_n their_o apollinary_a secular_a gladiatory_a and_o hunt_v show_v with_o tragedy_n and_o comedy_n and_o all_o for_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o people_n wherein_o howsoever_o the_o grecian_n seem_v more_o judicious_a for_o invent_v such_o game_n as_o may_v both_o exercise_n and_o entertain_v the_o people_n yet_o the_o roman_n sail_v not_o of_o the_o end_n aim_v at_o in_o these_o spectacle_n which_o be_v to_o inure_v they_o to_o blood_n and_o slaughter_n and_o to_o make_v they_o dreadless_a in_o case_n of_o horror_n but_o to_o leave_v all_o show_v of_o this_o nature_n as_o either_o too_o little_a for_o earnest_n or_o too_o much_o for_o pass-time_n it_o shall_v suffice_v to_o note_v that_o these_o public_a entertainment_n be_v so_o far_o expedient_a as_o they_o consist_v of_o pleasure_n and_o comeliness_n for_o as_o their_o chief_a end_n be_v to_o pleasure_n and_o content_v the_o people_n so_o their_o manner_n must_v be_v direct_v by_o lawfulness_n and_o honesty_n in_o which_o respect_n a_o tragedy_n be_v more_o commendable_a than_o a_o comedy_n forasmuch_o as_o few_o comical_a argument_n do_v sympathize_v with_o honesty_n the_o three_o observation_n to_o be_v great_a and_o of_o a_o large_a proportion_n do_v not_o take_v away_o casualty_n of_o inconvenience_n nor_o can_v it_o give_v a_o privilege_n to_o free_a thing_n from_o distemperature_n tall_a man_n be_v as_o subject_a to_o fever_n as_o other_o of_o lesser_a stature_n and_o great_a empire_n as_o easy_o disturb_v as_o the_o state_n of_o petty_a prince_n o_o faciles_fw-la dare_v summa_fw-la deos_fw-la 1._o eademque_fw-la tueri_fw-la difficiles_fw-la 37._o o_o god_n easy_a to_o grant_v but_o to_o preserve_v your_o gift_n as_o hard_a it_o be_v easy_a to_o attain_v the_o end_n of_o high_a desire_n then_o to_o keep_v it_o be_v get_v and_o better_o be_v the_o assurance_n of_o seek_v then_o of_o possess_v the_o roman_a people_n that_o have_v overawe_v the_o world_n with_o arm_n and_o leave_v no_o kingdom_n unfoil_v with_o the_o fear_n of_o then_o legion_n be_v as_o much_o dismay_v at_o a_o subject_n disloyalty_n as_o be_v possible_a for_o a_o mean_a state_n to_o be_v amuze_v upon_o a_o alarm_n of_o any_o danger_n and_o that_o city_n which_o suffer_v no_o enemy_n to_o approach_v near_o her_o confine_n but_o in_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o captive_n be_v not_o trust_v as_o able_a to_o give_v she_o own_o people_n safety_n sic_fw-la turba_fw-la per_fw-la urbem_fw-la praecipiti_fw-la lymphata_fw-la gradu_fw-la velut_fw-la unicarebus_fw-la spes_fw-la foret_fw-la afflâ—ctis_fw-la patrios_fw-la excedere_fw-la muros_fw-la inconsultaruâ—â—_n so_o through_o the_o street_n with_o headlong_a madness_n run_v the_o multitude_n as_o if_o their_o case_n no_o other_o hope_n have_v leave_v of_o safety_n then_o to_o quit_v their_o native_a wall_n the_o advantage_n be_v that_o kingdom_n of_o great_a command_n have_v great_a help_n in_o case_n of_o disturbance_n but_o be_v otherwise_o as_o subject_v to_o apprehension_n of_o distrust_n as_o those_o of_o lesser_a power_n to_o resist_v chap._n viii_o câ—sar_n go_v on_o with_o the_o siege_n of_o corfinium_n and_o take_v it_o domitius_n be_v thus_o engage_v caesar_n send_v out_o skilful_a man_n of_o the_o country_n with_o promise_n of_o great_a reward_n to_o carry_v letter_n to_o pompey_n entreat_v and_o pray_v that_o he_o will_v come_v and_o relieve_v he_o for_o caesar_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o straightness_n of_o the_o passage_n may_v with_o two_o army_n be_v easy_o shut_v up_o which_o opportunity_n if_o he_o neglect_v thereabouts_o himself_o with_o above_z 30_o cohort_n of_o soldier_n beside_o a_o great_a number_n of_o senator_n and_o roman_a knight_n be_v in_o danger_n of_o run_v a_o hard_a fortune_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o exhort_v his_o man_n to_o courage_n and_o resolution_n place_v his_o tormenta_fw-mi artillery_n on_o the_o wall_n assign_v every_o man_n his_o quarter_n to_o be_v make_v good_a promise_v in_o public_a assembly_n of_o the_o soldier_n four_o acre_n apiece_o to_o each_o man_n out_o of_o his_o own_o land_n and_o possession_n and_o the_o like_a rateable_a part_n to_o the_o centurion_n and_o evocati_fw-la meanwhile_o it_o be_v tell_v câ—sar_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o sulmo_n a_o town_n distant_a seven_o mile_n from_o corfinium_n sulmo_n be_v desirous_a to_o receive_v his_o command_n but_o that_o they_o be_v restrain_v by_o q._n lucretius_n a_o senator_n and_o actius_n pelignus_n that_o keep_v the_o town_n with_o a_o garrison_n of_o seven_o cohort_n whereupon_o he_o send_v thither_o m._n antonius_n with_o sive_fw-la cohort_n of_o the_o seven_o legion_n who_o ensign_n be_v no_o soon_o discover_v by_o those_o of_o the_o town_n but_o the_o gate_n be_v open_v and_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o soldier_n come_v all_o out_o to_o gratulate_v and_o welcome_a antonius_n lucretius_n and_o actius_n convey_v themselves_o over_o the_o wall_n actius_n be_v take_v and_o bring_v to_o antony_n desire_v to_o be_v send_v to_o caesar_n antonius_n return_v the_o same_o day_n bring_v actius_n and_o the_o soldier_n that_o be_v find_v in_o sulmo_n to_o caesar_n who_o he_o take_v to_o his_o army_n and_o send_v actius_n away_o in_o safety_n caesar_n the_o three_o first_o day_n make_v great_a work_n to_o fortify_v his_o camp_n cause_v store_n of_o corn_n to_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o town_n next_o about_o he_o and_o there_o determine_v to_o stay_v the_o come_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o force_n within_o the_o space_n of_o those_o three_o day_n the_o eight_o legion_n come_v unto_o he_o with_o 22_o cohort_n new_o enroll_v in_o gallia_n together_o with_o three_o hundred_o horse_n which_o the_o king_n of_o noricum_n have_v send_v unto_o he_o upon_o the_o arrival_n of_o which_o force_n he_o make_v a_o second_o camp_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o town_n and_o appoint_v curio_n to_o command_v it_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o time_n be_v spend_v in_o compass_v the_o town_n with_o a_o rampâ—er_n and_o with_o castle_n the_o great_a part_n of_o which_o work_n be_v finish_v it_o chance_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o such_o as_o be_v send_v to_o pompey_n return_v the_o letter_n be_v read_v domitius_n dissemble_v the_o truth_n pâ—ly_n give_v out_o in_o the_o council_n of_o war_n that_o pompey_n will_v come_v speedy_o to_o succour_v they_o and_o therefore_o wish_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v dismay_v but_o to_o prepare_v such_o thing_n
assemble_v when_o they_o consult_v of_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n for_o their_o right_n of_o burgeship_n or_o freedom_n of_o the_o city_n which_o be_v then_o deny_v they_o which_o war_n be_v call_v bellum_n sociale_a marsicum_fw-la and_o italicum_fw-la there_o be_v now_o nothing_o remain_v of_o that_o town_n but_o the_o ruin_n as_o a_o mark_n of_o the_o place_n where_o it_o ancient_o stand_v upon_o a_o plain_a common_o call_v pentina_n or_o sant_n peligno_fw-la chap._n ix_o pompey_n go_v to_o brundisium_n caesar_n make_v mean_n to_o treat_v with_o hâ—m_n pompey_n understanding_n of_o these_o thing_n which_o have_v pass_v at_o corfinium_n caesar_n depart_v from_o luceria_n and_o go_v to_o canusium_n luceria_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o brundisium_n cause_v all_o the_o power_n he_o can_v to_o be_v raise_v by_o new_a muster_n and_o inrollment_n arm_v shepherd_n and_o slave_n and_o mount_v they_o on_o horseback_n of_o who_o he_o make_v some_o three_o hundred_o horse_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n l._n manlius_n the_o praetor_n flee_v from_o alba_n with_o six_o cohort_n and_o rutilius_n lupus_n praetor_n flee_v from_o tarracina_n with_o three_o cohort_n who_o descry_v afar_o off_o the_o cavalry_n of_o caesar_n command_v by_o bivius_n curius_n forsake_v the_o praetor_n turn_v their_o ensign_n towards_o curius_n and_o join_v with_o he_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o day_n follow_v divers_z other_o cohort_n come_v in_o as_o they_o march_v some_o to_o the_o foot_n troop_n and_o some_o to_o the_o horse_n cn._n magius_n of_o cremona_n master_n of_o the_o work_n and_o of_o the_o munition_n in_o pompey_n army_n be_v take_v on_o the_o way_n and_o bring_v back_o to_o caesar_n who_o he_o send_v back_o again_o to_o pompey_n with_o commission_n to_o treat_v with_o he_o to_o this_o effect_n forasmuch_o as_o there_o have_v yet_o happen_v no_o opportunity_n of_o meeting_n or_o conference_n he_o be_v now_o determine_v to_o seek_v he_o at_o brundisium_n for_o it_o much_o import_v the_o commonweal_n and_o every_o man_n safety_n in_o particular_a that_o they_o two_o may_v confer_v together_o neither_o can_v thing_n be_v so_o well_o handle_v upon_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n of_o way_n where_o the_o article_n of_o treaty_n must_v be_v carry_v to_o and_o fro_o by_o a_o three_o party_n as_o when_o they_o meet_v face_n to_o face_n to_o conclude_v of_o the_o condition_n this_o message_n be_v first_o give_v he_o come_v to_o brundisium_n with_o six_o legion_n four_o legion_n of_o old_a soldier_n and_o the_o other_o raise_v by_o new_a inrollment_n or_o make_v up_o as_o he_o come_v along_o the_o country_n for_o he_o have_v present_o dispatch_v domitius_n his_o cohort_n from_o corfinium_n into_o sicily_n at_o his_o come_n he_o find_v the_o consul_n go_v over_o to_o dyrrachium_fw-la with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n and_o pompey_n remain_v at_o brundisium_n with_o twenty_o cohort_n neither_o can_v he_o certain_o be_v inform_v whether_o he_o remain_v at_o brundisium_n to_o make_v good_a the_o town_n whereby_o he_o may_v the_o easy_o be_v master_n of_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n and_o command_v both_o the_o utter_a part_n of_o italy_n and_o the_o region_n of_o greece_n and_o so_o to_o keep_v the_o war_n on_o foot_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o on_o the_o other_o or_o whether_o he_o stay_v there_o for_o want_v of_o ship_v howsoever_o he_o will_v not_o endure_v that_o pompey_n shall_v think_v he_o can_v not_o be_v force_v to_o quit_v italy_n and_o therefore_o resolve_v to_o stop_v up_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n and_o to_o take_v away_o the_o use_n thereof_o which_o he_o go_v about_o in_o this_o manner_n where_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n be_v narrow_a 704._o he_o raise_v great_a mount_n of_o earth_n on_o either_o side_n near_o unto_o the_o shore_n for_o there_o the_o sea_n be_v shallow_a but_o go_v further_o into_o the_o deep_a where_o no_o such_o mount_n can_v be_v raise_v he_o place_v double_a slotte_n of_o wood_n right_a against_o the_o 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also_o that_o the_o place_n be_v give_v by_o the_o general_n where_o he_o say_v that_o vibius_n a_o sicilian_a refuse_v to_o lodge_v cicero_n as_o he_o pass_v to_o exile_n through_o lucania_n although_o that_o in_o his_o consulship_n he_o have_v bestow_v upon_o he_o the_o place_n of_o praefectus_fw-la fabrûm_fw-la and_o albeit_o caesar_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o any_o such_o officer_n yet_o catullus_n do_v it_o for_o he_o in_o such_o bite_a trimetres_fw-la as_o will_v not_o be_v forget_v quis_fw-la hoc_fw-la potest_fw-la videre_fw-la quis_fw-la potest_fw-la pati_fw-la nisi_fw-la impudicus_fw-la &_o vorax_fw-la &_o helluo_n mamurram_n habere_fw-la quod_fw-la comata_fw-la gallia_n habebat_fw-la &_o ultima_fw-la britannia_fw-la who_o can_v this_o endure_v to_o see_v but_o must_v a_o wanton_a glutton_n be_v that_o mamurra_n shall_v have_v all_o fetch_v from_o britan_n and_o from_o gall_n of_o
caesar_n soldier_n with_o ladder_n get_v upon_o the_o wall_n but_o be_v admonish_v by_o they_o of_o brundisium_n to_o take_v heed_n of_o the_o blind_a dâ—tch_n vallum_n they_o stand_v still_o at_o last_o they_o be_v bring_v a_o great_a compass_n about_o and_o so_o come_v to_o the_o haven_n and_o with_o skiffe_n and_o boat_n seize_v two_o ship_n with_o soldier_n which_o stick_v by_o chance_n upon_o the_o mount_n which_o caesar_n have_v make_v observation_n forasmuch_o as_o this_o manner_n of_o pompey_n departure_n from_o brundisium_n pompey_n and_o the_o sleight_n he_o use_v to_o embark_v himself_o and_o his_o army_n without_o danger_n of_o caesar_n enter_v the_o town_n be_v commend_v for_o one_o of_o the_o best_a stratagem_n of_o war_n that_o ever_o he_o use_v let_v we_o a_o little_a consider_v the_o part_n thereof_o which_o present_v themselves_o of_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o consist_v of_o the_o work_v he_o make_v to_o hinder_v and_o retard_v caesar_n entrance_n if_o happy_o he_o 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athenian_n to_o leave_v their_o town_n and_o country_n and_o betake_v themselves_o whole_o to_o sea_n to_o fight_v against_o xerxes_n chap._n xi_o caesar_n dispatch_v force_n into_o sardinia_n and_o sicily_n cato_n endeavour_n to_o keep_v sicily_n for_o pompey_n albeit_o caesar_n well_o know_v caesar_n that_o it_o much_o import_v a_o speedy_a end_n of_o the_o business_n to_o get_v ship_n and_o pass_v the_o sea_n after_o pompey_n before_o he_o can_v join_v himself_o with_o the_o force_n of_o the_o transmarine_a part_n yet_o doubt_v the_o let_n and_o the_o long_a time_n before_o it_o can_v be_v effect_v for_o that_o pompey_n have_v take_v with_o he_o all_o the_o ship_n he_o can_v get_v and_o thereby_o leave_v he_o for_o the_o present_v no_o mean_n to_o follow_v after_o it_o remain_v that_o he_o attend_v ship_v to_o be_v bring_v from_o remote_a part_n as_o out_o of_o gallia_n from_o ancona_n and_o the_o straits_n which_o at_o that_o time_n of_o the_o year_n will_v require_v a_o long_a and_o troublesome_a passage_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o think_v it_o no_o way_n fit_a that_o pompey_n old_a army_n and_o the_o two_o province_n of_o spain_n shall_v be_v settle_v and_o assure_v one_o of_o they_o be_v deep_o engage_v to_o pompey_n for_o many_o great_a and_o ample_a benefit_n or_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v time_n to_o raise_v new_a troop_n especial_o of_o horse_n or_o that_o gallia_n or_o italy_n shall_v be_v solicit_v or_o wrought_v from_o he_o in_o his_o absence_n and_o therefore_o for_o the_o present_a he_o resolve_v to_o desist_v from_o make_v any_o further_a pursuit_n after_o pompey_n bailiff_n and_o to_o go_v into_o spain_n give_v order_n to_o the_o duumviri_fw-la of_o all_o the_o municipal_a town_n to_o provide_v ship_v and_o send_v it_o to_o brundisium_n he_o send_v valerius_n a_o legate_n into_o sardinia_n with_o one_o legion_n and_o curio_n the_o propraetor_n into_o sicily_n with_o three_o legion_n command_v he_o after_o he_o have_v possess_v sicily_n to_o transport_v his_o army_n into_o africa_n marcus_n cotta_n govern_v sardinia_n and_o m._n cato_n sicily_n tubero_n shall_v by_o lot_n have_v hold_v africa_n the_o caralitani_fw-la understanding_n that_o valerius_n be_v to_o be_v send_v unto_o they_o before_o he_o have_v leave_v italy_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n thrust_v cotta_n out_o of_o the_o town_n cotta_n amuse_v thereat_o and_o perceive_v withal_o that_o the_o whole_a province_n give_v consent_n unto_o it_o flee_v present_o out_o of_o sardinia_n into_o africa_n cato_n prepare_v and_o new_a trim_v the_o galley_n in_o sicily_n give_v order_n to_o the_o town_n to_o build_v new_a and_o prosecute_v his_o direction_n with_o great_a diligence_n moreover_o by_o his_o legate_n he_o muster_v and_o enrol_v citizen_n of_o rome_n in_o lucania_n and_o brutia_n require_v rateable_a number_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n from_o the_o town_n in_o sicily_n which_o thing_n be_v almost_o accomplish_v understand_v of_o curio_n his_o come_n he_o complain_v in_o public_a how_o he_o be_v abandon_v and_o betray_v by_o pompey_n who_o without_o any_o providence_n or_o preparation_n have_v engage_v himself_o in_o a_o unnecessary_a war_n and_o yet_o be_v demand_v by_o himself_o and_o the_o rest_n in_o the_o senate_n answer_v confident_o that_o he_o be_v provide_v of_o all_o necessary_n fit_a for_o war_n and_o after_o he_o have_v thus_o public_o complain_v he_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o province_n by_o which_o mean_n valerius_n find_v sardinia_n and_o curio_n sicily_n void_a of_o government_n and_o thither_o bring_v their_o army_n tubero_n arrive_v in_o africa_n find_v actius_n varus_n command_v the_o province_n who_o as_o we_o have_v former_o show_v have_v lose_v his_o cohort_n at_o auximum_n flee_v forthwith_o into_o africa_n and_o of_o his_o own_o authority_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o province_n which_o he_o find_v without_o a_o governor_n he_o get_v together_o by_o new_a inrolement_n two_o complete_a legion_n which_o he_o raise_v by_o his_o knowledge_n and_o experience_n of_o the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n by_o reason_n he_o have_v govern_v that_o province_n as_o praetor_n some_o few_o year_n before_o tubero_n arrive_v with_o his_o fleet_n at_o utica_n be_v by_o varus_n keep_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o the_o haven_n neither_o will_v he_o suffer_v he_o to_o set_v his_o son_n ashore_o which_o be_v sick_a but_o compel_v he_o to_o weigh_v anchor_n and_o depart_v the_o first_o observation_n this_o chapter_n make_v the_o first_o period_n of_o this_o war_n pompey_n as_o it_o be_v take_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o these_o civil_a broil_n unto_o pompey_n forsake_v italy_n which_o be_v begin_v and_o end_v in_o the_o space_n of_o 60_o day_n and_o also_o open_v the_o gate_n to_o second_v resolution_n which_o be_v prosecute_v as_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o history_n will_v manifest_v contain_v likewise_o the_o reason_n why_o caesar_n make_v not_o present_a pursuit_n after_o pompey_n as_o the_o hinge_n of_o the_o succeed_a war_n and_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o consequent_n of_o the_o same_o in_o the_o consideration_n whereof_o albeit_o caesar_n understand_v the_o advantage_n of_o he_o that_o prosecute_v a_o recede_a enemy_n and_o the_o hope_n which_o may_v be_v thereby_o conceive_v of_o a_o speedy_a end_n of_o that_o war_n yet_o have_v no_o ready_a mean_n to_o accomplish_v his_o desire_n he_o think_v it_o better_a to_o prevent_v such_o inconvenience_n as_o may_v happy_o have_v fall_v out_o upon_o the_o same_o and_o so_o to_o keep_v his_o party_n in_o a_o progress_n of_o their_o active_a thought_n by_o clear_v and_o assure_v that_o western_a part_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o pompey_n have_v leave_v unto_o he_o by_o his_o departure_n rather_o then_o to_o leave_v a_o enemy_n on_o his_o back_n or_o to_o admit_v a_o cool_a and_o languishment_n of_o their_o resolution_n through_o
be_v carry_v with_o the_o violence_n of_o exorbitant_a passion_n especial_o consider_v the_o mean_n they_o have_v either_o to_o misimploy_v the_o power_n of_o the_o state_n or_o to_o give_v way_n to_o such_o inconvenience_n as_o may_v necessary_o pervert_v all_o thing_n but_o the_o end_n they_o aim_v at_o beside_o the_o aptness_n of_o a_o high_a spirit_n not_o to_o doubt_v the_o truth_n of_o that_o say_n which_o be_v attribute_v to_o caesar_n si_fw-mi violandum_fw-la est_fw-la jus_o regnandi_fw-la gratia_fw-la violandum_fw-la est_fw-la if_o a_o man_n will_v violate_v all_o right_a and_o law_n he_o will_v do_v it_o for_o a_o kingdom_n chap._n fourteen_o caesar_n haste_v into_o spain_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v prepare_v and_o put_v in_o order_n caesar_n he_o send_v c._n fabius_n one_o of_o hâ—s_a legate_n with_o three_o legion_n that_o have_v winter_v about_o narbone_n before_o he_o into_o spain_n command_v he_o with_o all_o speed_n and_o diligence_n to_o take_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n hill_n which_o be_v keep_v at_o that_o time_n with_o the_o force_n of_o l._n afranius_n afranius_n and_o give_v order_n for_o the_o other_o legion_n which_o winter_a further_o off_o to_o follow_v after_o fabius_n according_a to_o his_o direction_n make_v haste_n put_v the_o garrison_n from_o the_o passage_n and_o by_o great_a journey_n march_v towards_o afranius_n army_n upon_o the_o arrival_n of_o vibullius_n rufus_n who_o as_o it_o be_v former_o relate_v be_v send_v by_o pompey_n into_o spain_n varro_n afranius_n petreius_n and_o pompey_n legate_n of_o who_o the_o one_o govern_v the_o near_a province_n of_o spain_n with_o three_o legion_n the_o other_o hold_v the_o country_n from_o the_o castalonensis_n forest_n of_o castille_n to_o the_o river_n 3._o ana_n with_o two_o legion_n and_o the_o three_o command_v the_o vectones_n and_o lusitania_n with_o the_o like_a number_n of_o legion_n do_v so_o dispose_v and_o divide_v their_o charge_n that_o petreius_n be_v appoint_v to_o bring_v his_o legion_n out_o of_o lusitania_n through_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o vectones_n and_o join_v himself_o with_o afranius_n and_o that_o varro_n with_o his_o power_n shall_v keep_v the_o further_a province_n of_o spain_n which_o be_v so_o resolve_v and_o determine_v petreius_n have_v command_v the_o lusitanian_o to_o levy_v horseman_n and_o other_o auxiliarie_n force_n and_o afranius_n likewise_o have_v make_v the_o like_o levy_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o 4._o celtiberi_n paci_fw-la cantabri_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n border_v upon_o the_o ocean_n petreius_n come_v speedy_o through_o the_o vectones_n to_o afranius_n and_o induce_v by_o the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n by_o mutual_a consent_n they_o resolve_v to_o keep_v the_o war_n on_o foot_n near_o about_o ilerda_n the_o first_o observation_n the_o first_o observation_n may_v be_v take_v from_o this_o design_n of_o caesar_n upon_o spain_n be_v at_o that_o time_n under_o the_o government_n and_o command_n of_o pompey_n the_o standing_z or_o fall_v whereof_o do_v much_o import_n the_o success_n of_o that_o war_n for_o which_o respect_n it_o be_v that_o when_o caesar_n can_v not_o buckle_v with_o the_o person_n of_o his_o enemy_n he_o use_v all_o mean_n to_o beat_v down_o his_o authority_n as_o the_o next_o in_o degree_n to_o his_o essence_n and_o be_v and_o most_o concern_v his_o honour_n and_o reputation_n for_o if_o he_o take_v from_o he_o those_o province_n which_o the_o state_n have_v commend_v to_o his_o charge_n and_o leave_v he_o no_o interest_n in_o the_o obedience_n of_o such_o who_o he_o may_v in_o a_o sort_n challenge_v for_o his_o own_o people_n what_o assurance_n can_v the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n have_v in_o his_o protection_n or_o what_o can_v he_o elsewhere_o expect_v of_o that_o which_o these_o refuse_v he_o the_o excellency_n of_o a_o general_n be_v that_o perfection_n of_o judgement_n commend_v by_o aristotle_n enable_v he_o to_o discern_v 4._o quid_fw-la primum_fw-la or_o what_o be_v most_o material_a in_o that_o variety_n of_o undertake_v which_o fall_v out_o in_o follow_v a_o war_n and_o if_o that_o can_v with_o any_o conveniency_n be_v attain_v then_o to_o know_v the_o next_o point_n of_o importance_n and_o so_o consequent_o to_o distinguish_v the_o degree_n of_o difference_n as_o they_o stand_v rank_v in_o the_o order_n of_o judicious_a proceed_n for_o the_o effectual_a prosecute_n of_o which_o design_n let_v we_o take_v a_o short_a view_n of_o their_o force_n on_o each_o side_n according_a as_o we_o find_v they_o muster_v in_o this_o chapter_n that_o by_o the_o inequality_n of_o their_o troop_n we_o may_v judge_v of_o the_o want_n or_o sufficiency_n of_o their_o direction_n afranius_n as_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o story_n have_v three_o legion_n and_o petreius_n two_o legion_n together_o with_o 80_o cohort_n of_o auxiliarie_n force_n supply_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o two_o province_n of_o spain_n which_o cohort_n equal_v the_o number_n of_o eight_o legion_n and_o so_o in_o all_o make_v thirteen_o legion_n and_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a rate_n at_o that_o time_n of_o 5000_o in_o a_o legion_n amount_v to_o 65000_o man_n together_o with_o 5000_o horse_n thereabouts_o which_o come_v to_o seventy_o thousand_o man_n or_o thereabouts_o to_o confront_v so_o great_a a_o enemy_n caesar_n have_v five_o legion_n 12000_o auxiliary_a trouper_n from_o the_o gall_n and_o peradventure_o 1000_o evocati_fw-la which_o according_a to_o the_o former_a rate_n of_o a_o legion_n do_v rise_v to_o 35000_o 35000._o or_o 40000_o man_n at_o the_o most_o whereby_o the_o one_o exceed_v the_o other_o wellnear_o in_o a_o double_a proportion_n of_o strength_n and_o yet_o fail_v in_o correspondency_n of_o success_n call_v the_o verity_n of_o that_o proverb_n in_o question_n ne_o hercules_n contra_fw-la duos_fw-la hercules_n himself_o can_v deal_v with_o two_o beside_o the_o inequality_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o trial_n be_v to_o be_v make_v be_v whole_o devote_v to_o the_o great_a party_n be_v a_o matter_n of_o no_o small_a consequence_n for_o he_o that_o make_v war_n in_o a_o country_n absolute_o favour_v the_o enemy_n and_o confront_v his_o purpose_n have_v need_n of_o more_o force_n than_o the_o adverse_a party_n or_o better_a fortune_n in_o his_o proceed_n and_o therefore_o fabius_n to_o prevent_v such_o mischief_n as_o may_v grow_v by_o that_o advantage_n seek_v all_o mean_n to_o draw_v some_o of_o the_o town_n to_o his_o faction_n and_o to_o make_v himself_o friend_n for_o his_o better_a support_n and_o security_n according_a to_o that_o which_o be_v say_v of_o old_a that_o war_n can_v be_v make_v without_o some_o peace_n the_o second_o observation_n secondy_n we_o may_v observe_v the_o mean_n he_o use_v to_o secure_v himself_o of_o the_o loyalty_n of_o his_o army_n and_o whole_o to_o engage_v the_o soldier_n in_o his_o fortune_n for_o the_o money_n he_o borrow_v of_o the_o tribune_n and_o centurion_n debtor_n be_v a_o special_a tie_n of_o their_o affection_n to_o his_o service_n forasmuch_o as_o no_o man_n wish_v ill_a to_o he_o by_o who_o welfare_n and_o prosperity_n he_o hope_v to_o thrive_v for_o so_o wound_v himself_o through_o another_o man_n body_n the_o hurt_n will_v fall_v upon_o his_o own_o head_n but_o rather_o desire_v such_o a_o accomplishment_n of_o his_o hope_n as_o may_v make_v himself_o partaker_n thereof_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o largess_n he_o make_v unto_o the_o soldier_n do_v so_o oblige_v their_o endeavour_n to_o his_o purpose_n that_o they_o be_v thereby_o ready_a to_o perform_v as_o much_o as_o warlike_a laelius_n laelius_n have_v promise_v in_o his_o own_o person_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o rest_n pectore_fw-la si_fw-la fratris_fw-la gladium_fw-la juguloque_fw-la parentis_fw-la condere_fw-la i_o jubeas_fw-la 1_o plenaeque_fw-la in_o viscera_fw-la partu_fw-la conjugis_fw-la invita_fw-la peragam_fw-la tamen_fw-la omne_fw-la dextra_fw-la bid_v i_o to_o stab_v my_o brother_n cut_v my_o father_n throat_n or_o rip_v the_o gut_n of_o my_o big-bellied_a wife_n though_o loath_a i_o will_v do_v it_o the_o three_o observation_n three_o let_v we_o consider_v the_o effect_n of_o diligence_n and_o provident_a foresight_n which_o do_v oftentimes_o redeem_v a_o army_n from_o a_o dishonourable_a overthrow_n as_o may_v be_v learn_v from_o two_o circumstance_n in_o fabius_n direction_n mus_fw-la first_o in_o that_o he_o trust_v not_o to_o one_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n sicoris_n but_o make_v two_o several_a bridge_n as_o well_o for_o the_o conveniency_n as_o the_o better_a security_n of_o his_o people_n second_o upon_o the_o occasion_n which_o the_o enemy_n may_v take_v by_o the_o break_n of_o the_o bridge_n to_o distress_v the_o legion_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o water_n he_o present_o send_v out_o succour_v to_o prevent_v such_o a_o casualty_n which_o albeit_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v proceed_v
side_n barbarous_a and_o rude_a nation_n that_o live_v under_o general_a and_o slight_a law_n be_v as_o slight_a and_o rude_a in_o their_o action_n as_o among_o other_o thing_n may_v appear_v in_o that_o the_o spaniard_n think_v it_o no_o scorn_n to_o use_v the_o help_n of_o bladder_n in_o pass_v over_o a_o river_n as_o a_o device_n come_v next_o to_o hand_n which_o the_o people_n of_o a_o wise_a and_o potent_a state_n will_v not_o have_v do_v but_o by_o a_o sure_a and_o substantial_a bridge_n the_o use_n of_o which_o bladder_n as_o it_o have_v be_v ancient_a among_o people_n of_o that_o nature_n so_o it_o be_v continue_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n by_o the_o savage_n inhabit_v groenland_n and_o the_o north_n part_n of_o america_n as_o appear_v by_o discovery_n make_v of_o late_a by_o the_o moscovy_n merchant_n about_o the_o northwest_n passage_n from_o whence_o such_o as_o be_v employ_v in_o those_o voyage_n have_v bring_v great_a and_o large_a bladder_n or_o bag_n make_v of_o seal-skin_n ingenious_o devise_v to_o be_v fill_v and_o blow_v with_o wind_n and_o tie_v behind_o at_o their_o girdle_n and_o at_o their_o collar_n to_o help_v themselves_o in_o swim_v and_o after_o the_o same_o easy_a fashion_n 14._o the_o indian_n of_o peru_n as_o josephus_n acosta_n write_v instead_o of_o wood_n and_o stone_n make_v their_o bridge_n over_o great_a river_n of_o plait_a reed_n which_o they_o fasten_v to_o the_o bank_n on_o each_o side_n with_o stake_n or_o otherwise_o of_o bundle_n of_o straw_n and_o weed_n by_o which_o man_n and_o beast_n if_o there_o be_v any_o credit_n in_o his_o story_n pass_v over_o with_o ease_n howbeit_o as_o when_o the_o ancient_a greek_n will_v note_v a_o man_n of_o extreme_a insufficiency_n they_o will_v say_v he_o can_v neither_o read_v nor_o swim_v so_o caesar_n seem_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n by_o commend_v the_o skill_n of_o swim_v as_o a_o thing_n of_o much_o consequence_n in_o the_o use_n of_o arm_n whereof_o he_o make_v good_a experience_n in_o egypt_n where_o he_o cast_v himself_o into_o a_o small_a boat_n for_o his_o better_a safety_n and_o find_v it_o overcharge_v and_o ready_a to_o sink_v he_o leap_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o swim_v to_o his_o fleet_n which_o be_v two_o hundred_o pace_n off_o holding_z certain_z papers_z in_o his_o left_a hand_n above_o the_o water_n and_o trail_v his_o coat_n of_o arm_n in_o his_o tooth_n that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o enemy_n chap._n xviii_o afranius_n march_v with_o three_o legion_n to_o cut_v off_o a_o party_n the_o scarcity_n of_o victual_n in_o caesar_n army_n it_o be_v tell_v afranius_n caesar_n of_o great_a troop_n and_o convoy_n that_o be_v come_v to_o caesar_n but_o be_v hinder_v by_o the_o water_n and_o abode_n there_o by_o the_o river_n side_n for_o thither_o be_v come_v archer_n out_o of_o ruthenia_n and_o horseman_n out_o of_o gallia_n with_o many_o car_n and_o carriage_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o gall_n there_o be_v beside_o of_o all_o sort_n about_o six_o thousand_o man_n with_o their_o servant_n and_o attendant_n but_o without_o order_n or_o any_o know_a command_n for_o every_o man_n be_v at_o his_o own_o liberty_n travel_v the_o country_n without_o fear_n according_a to_o the_o former_a freedom_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o way_n there_o be_v likewise_o many_o young_a man_n of_o good_a rank_n senator_n son_n and_o knight_n of_o rome_n beside_o ambassador_n from_o sundry_a state_n and_o divers_a of_o caesar_n legate_n all_o these_o be_v keep_v back_o by_o the_o river_n afâ—anius_n go_v out_o in_o the_o night_n time_n with_o three_o legion_n and_o all_o his_o horse_n to_o cut_v off_o this_o party_n and_o send_v his_o cavalry_n before_o set_v upon_o they_o unaware_o howbeit_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o gall_n put_v themselves_o speedy_o in_o order_n and_o buckle_v with_o they_o and_o as_o long_o as_o it_o stand_v upon_o indifferent_a term_n they_o be_v but_o a_o few_o do_v withstand_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o discover_v the_o ensign_n of_o the_o legion_n come_v towards_o they_o some_o few_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v the_o rest_n betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o next_o hill_n this_o small_a time_n of_o encounter_n be_v of_o great_a consequence_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o our_o man_n 4._o for_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o have_v opportunity_n to_o take_v the_o upper_a ground_n there_o be_v lose_v that_o day_n two_o hundred_o archer_n a_o few_o horseman_n and_o no_o great_a number_n of_o the_o soldier_n boy_n together_o with_o the_o baggage_n victual_n by_o reason_n of_o all_o these_o thing_n wax_v very_o dear_a as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o present_a want_n as_o also_o for_o fear_v of_o future_a penury_n as_o common_o it_o happen_v in_o such_o case_n insomuch_o as_o a_o bushel_n of_o corn_n be_v worth_a fifty_o penny_n whereby_o the_o soldier_n grow_v weak_a for_o want_v of_o sustenance_n and_o the_o inconvenience_n thereof_o daily_o more_o and_o more_o increase_v for_o so_o great_a be_v the_o alteration_n which_o happen_v in_o a_o few_o day_n that_o our_o man_n be_v much_o afflict_v with_o the_o extreme_a want_n of_o all_o necessary_a provision_n whereas_o they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n have_v all_o thing_n in_o abundance_n be_v hold_v for_o victor_n caesar_n send_v unto_o those_o state_n which_o be_v of_o his_o party_n and_o instead_o of_o corn_n give_v they_o order_n to_o furnish_v he_o with_o cattle_n dismiss_v soldier_n boy_n and_o send_v they_o to_o town_n far_o off_o relieve_v the_o present_a scarcity_n by_o all_o the_o mean_n he_o can_v afranius_n and_o petreius_n together_o with_o their_o friend_n enlarge_v these_o thing_n in_o their_o letter_n to_o rome_n rumour_n and_o report_v add_v much_o hereunto_o as_o that_o the_o war_n be_v even_o almost_o at_o a_o end_n these_o messenger_n and_o letter_n be_v come_v to_o rome_n there_o be_v great_a concourse_n from_o all_o part_n to_o afranius_n house_n much_o congratulation_n and_o rejoice_v for_o these_o thing_n and_o thereupon_o many_o go_v out_o of_o italy_n to_o pompey_n some_o to_o be_v the_o first_o messenger_n of_o the_o news_n other_o that_o they_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o expect_v the_o event_n of_o the_o war_n and_o so_o prove_v the_o last_o that_o come_v to_o that_o party_n when_o the_o matter_n be_v bring_v to_o these_o difficulty_n and_o extremity_n and_o all_o the_o way_n be_v keep_v by_o afranius_n soldier_n and_o horseman_n and_o no_o bridge_n can_v be_v make_v caesar_n give_v order_n to_o the_o soldier_n to_o make_v such_o 4._o boat_n and_o bark_n as_o he_o have_v in_o former_a year_n teach_v they_o the_o use_n of_o in_o the_o war_n of_o britain_n the_o keel_n whereof_o be_v build_v of_o light_a stuff_n and_o small_a timber_n and_o the_o upper_a part_n make_v with_o wicker_n and_o cover_v with_o hide_n which_o be_v finish_v he_o jade_v they_o upon_o carres_n and_o carry_v they_o in_o the_o night_n some_o twenty_o two_o mile_n from_o the_o camp_n and_o in_o those_o bark_n transport_v his_o soldier_n over_o the_o river_n upon_o a_o sudden_a he_o possess_v himself_o of_o a_o little_a hill_n which_o lie_v near_o unto_o the_o water_n side_n which_o hill_n he_o speedy_o fortify_v before_o the_o enemy_n have_v notice_n thereof_o afterward_o he_o bring_v over_o a_o legion_n to_o that_o place_n and_o make_v a_o bridge_n from_o side_n to_o side_n in_o two_o day_n space_n and_o so_o the_o convoy_n which_o have_v go_v forth_o for_o provision_n and_o forage_v return_v back_o in_o safety_n whereby_o he_o begin_v to_o settle_v a_o course_n for_o provision_n of_o corn._n the_o same_o day_n he_o pass_v over_o the_o the_o river_n a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o cavalry_n who_o fall_v unlooked_a for_o upon_o the_o forager_n scatter_v here_o and_o there_o without_o fear_n or_o suspicion_n cut_v off_o a_o great_a number_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n whereupon_o the_o enemy_n send_v certain_a spanish_a troop_n bear_v little_a round_a buckler_n to_o second_v and_o relieve_v the_o forager_n they_o divide_v themselves_o of_o purpose_n into_o two_o part_n the_o one_o to_o keep_v and_o defend_v the_o booty_n which_o they_o have_v get_v and_o the_o other_o to_o resist_v and_o beat_v back_o the_o force_n send_v to_o charge_v they_o one_o of_o our_o cohort_n which_o have_v easy_o run_v out_o before_o the_o army_n be_v intercept_v and_o cut_v off_o the_o rest_n return_v by_o the_o bridge_n into_o the_o camp_n in_o safety_n with_o a_o great_a booty_n the_o first_o observation_n these_o rutheni_n inhabit_v that_o part_n of_o provence_n where_o rhodes_n now_o stand_v rutheni_n among_o who_o caesar_n have_v ordinary_o a_o legion_n or_o two_o in_o garrison_n rutheni_n for_o the_o better_a keep_n of_o the_o country_n in_o obedience_n 1._o
be_v a_o stout_a and_o warlike_a people_n and_o use_v archery_n as_o appear_v in_o this_o place_n which_o howsoever_o the_o course_n of_o time_n have_v bring_v into_o utter_a contempt_n yet_o let_v we_o not_o scorn_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o ancient_o it_o have_v be_v use_v by_o such_o as_o perform_v the_o great_a feat_n of_o arm_n for_o hercules_n have_v but_o two_o sort_n of_o weapon_n to_o achieve_v labour_n of_o so_o much_o variety_n a_o club_n for_o such_o monster_n as_o will_v contest_v with_o his_o valour_n stymphaâ—â—dae_fw-la and_o bow_n and_o arrow_n for_o other_o that_o keep_v far_o off_o and_o in_o the_o old_a war_n of_o troy_n if_o homer_n may_v be_v believe_v pindarus_n duke_n of_o lycia_n 5._o have_v a_o stable_n of_o gallant_a courser_n leave_v they_o all_o at_o home_n lest_o he_o shall_v not_o find_v mean_n at_o troy_n to_o give_v they_o their_o ordinary_a keep_n and_o come_v on_o foot_n with_o his_o bow_n and_o arrow_n with_o such_o reputation_n of_o his_o deed_n of_o arm_n that_o aeneas_n seek_v he_o out_o in_o a_o conflict_n to_o resist_v the_o rage_n and_o extreme_a pressure_n of_o diomedes_n 7._o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a part_n teucer_n relieve_v the_o distress_a grecian_n from_o a_o hot_a and_o desperate_a pursuit_n by_o slay_v with_o his_o bow_n eight_o valiant_a trojan_n before_o he_o stir_v his_o foot_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o which_o weapon_n howsoever_o it_o may_v seem_v ridiculous_a to_o such_o as_o understand_v nothing_o but_o the_o course_n of_o the_o present_a age_n to_o recall_v the_o long_a bow_n to_o the_o service_n of_o a_o battle_n yet_o they_o may_v remember_v that_o the_o gray-goose_n wing_n give_v our_o forefather_n such_o advantage_n that_o they_o wrought_v wonder_n among_o all_o nation_n for_o deed_n of_o arm_n which_o we_o shall_v imitate_v with_o as_o much_o hope_n of_o success_n if_o we_o can_v handle_v our_o bow_n in_o any_o measure_n as_o they_o do_v of_o this_o i_o have_v already_o former_o treat_v the_o second_o observation_n it_o be_v a_o say_n as_o true_a as_o it_o be_v old_a alone_o that_o a_o ill_a hap_n come_v not_o alone_o but_o be_v always_o attend_v with_o such_o consequent_n as_o will_n enforce_v other_o inconvenience_n as_o may_v be_v observe_v by_o this_o extremity_n here_o mention_v for_o the_o mischief_n be_v not_o bound_v with_o the_o affliction_n which_o caesar_n suffer_v for_o want_v of_o needful_a provision_n notwithstanding_o the_o weight_n be_v such_o as_o can_v not_o be_v bear_v by_o ordinary_a patience_n but_o the_o enemy_n enlarge_v it_o to_o his_o further_a advantage_n vaunt_v of_o it_o as_o a_o helpless_a remedy_n and_o make_v out_o dispatch_v to_o send_v victory_n to_o rome_n which_o give_v he_o yet_o further_o prejudice_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o world_n and_o make_v those_o his_o enemy_n that_o former_o show_v no_o dislike_n of_o his_o proceed_n and_o thus_o every_o ill_a chance_n have_v a_o tail_n of_o many_o other_o misfortune_n which_o if_o either_o providence_n or_o endeavour_n may_v prevent_v it_o shall_v much_o import_v a_o commander_n to_o avoid_v they_o the_o three_o observation_n as_o necessity_n make_v man_n constant_a in_o their_o suffering_n 10._o so_o custom_n give_v easiness_n and_o mean_n of_o deliverance_n according_a as_o may_v appear_v by_o this_o direction_n of_o caesar_n which_o be_v whole_o draw_v from_o former_a experience_n for_o first_o the_o boat_n here_o prescribe_v be_v such_o as_o he_o use_v in_o the_o war_n of_o brittany_n and_o as_o far_o as_o may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o the_o former_a commentary_n 5._o be_v those_o he_o command_v to_o be_v build_v for_o his_o second_o journey_n which_o he_o will_v now_o imitate_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o flatnesse_n of_o their_o bottom_n and_o not_o otherwise_o for_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o those_o bark_n be_v cover_v with_o skin_n unless_o peradventure_o he_o use_v some_o such_o as_o these_o upon_o occasion_n in_o that_o war_n not_o express_v in_o the_o story_n herodotus_n in_o his_o clio_n describe_v the_o like_a the_o boat_n say_v he_o which_o come_v from_o babylon_n down_o the_o river_n euphrates_n be_v make_v by_o the_o herdsman_n of_o armenia_n of_o light_a timber_n in_o a_o round_a fashion_n without_o beak_n or_o poup_n &_o be_v cover_v with_o skin_n the_o hiry_n side_n inward_a and_o in_o these_o they_o take_v their_o passage_n such_o as_o fish_v for_o salmon_n in_o the_o river_n of_o severâ—â—_n use_v the_o like_a boat_n in_o all_o respect_n corracle_n which_o they_o call_v corracle_n of_o corium_n be_v all_o cover_v with_o horse-skin_n tan_v second_o the_o mean_n he_o use_v to_o pass_v over_o without_o impeachment_n from_o the_o enemy_n by_o carry_v those_o boat_n in_o the_o nighttime_n up_o the_o river_n to_o a_o place_n of_o security_n be_v such_o the_o like_a whereof_o he_o have_v former_o practise_v in_o gallia_n to_o pass_v the_o river_n loire_n be_v then_o guard_v do_v the_o other_o side_n by_o the_o enemy_n whereby_o we_o see_v how_o much_o use_n and_o continuance_n do_v enable_v man_n beyond_o other_o of_o small_a experience_n according_a to_o that_o dies_fw-la diem_fw-la docet_fw-la one_o day_n teach_v another_o or_o old_a and_o wise_a chap._n xix_o the_o massilian_n encounter_v with_o brutus_n at_o sea_n and_o be_v beat_v while_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v at_o ilerda_n caesar_n the_o massilian_n by_o the_o direction_n of_o l._n domitius_n rig_v and_o set_v out_o 17_o galley_n whereof_o eleven_o be_v cover_v beside_o many_o lesser_a vessel_n which_o go_v along_o with_o they_o to_o make_v the_o navy_n seem_v the_o great_a for_o the_o astonishment_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o these_o they_o put_v a_o great_a number_n of_o archer_n and_o many_o albick_n of_o who_o we_o have_v former_o make_v mention_n encourage_v they_o both_o by_o reward_n and_o promise_n domitius_n require_v certain_a ship_n for_o himself_o and_o they_o he_o fill_v with_o shepherd_n and_o countryman_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v thither_o with_o he_o the_o navy_n be_v thus_o furnish_v set_v forward_o with_o great_a confidence_n towards_o our_o ship_n whereof_o d._n brutus_n be_v admiral_n and_o lay_v at_o anchor_n at_o a_o island_n right_o over_o against_o marseilles_n brutus_n be_v far_o inferior_a to_o the_o enemy_n in_o ship_v but_o caesar_n have_v pick_v the_o chief_a &_o valiant_a man_n out_o of_o all_o the_o legion_n as_o well_o of_o the_o antesignani_fw-la as_o centurion_n put_v they_o aboard_o the_o fleet_n they_o themselves_o require_v to_o be_v employ_v in_o that_o service_n these_o man_n have_v prepare_v hook_n and_o grapple_v of_o iron_n and_o have_v likewise_o furnish_v themselves_o with_o many_o pile_n and_o dart_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o weapon_n and_o understand_v of_o the_o enemy_n come_v put_v to_o sea_n and_o encounter_v with_o the_o massilian_n they_o fight_v on_o either_o side_n very_o valiant_o &_o fierce_o neither_o be_v the_o albick_n much_o inferior_a to_o our_o man_n in_o prowess_n be_v rough_a mountainous_a people_n exercise_v in_o arm_n and_o have_v a_o little_a before_o fall_v off_o from_o the_o massilian_n do_v now_o remember_v the_o late_a contract_n and_o league_n they_o have_v make_v with_o they_o the_o shepherd_n in_o like_a manner_n a_o rude_a and_o untamed_a kind_n of_o people_n stir_v up_o with_o hope_n of_o liberty_n do_v strive_v to_o show_v their_o valour_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o their_o master_n the_o massilian_n trust_v to_o the_o nimbleness_n of_o their_o ship_n and_o in_o the_o skill_n and_o dexterity_n of_o their_o pilot_n do_v frustrate_v in_o a_o delude_a manner_n the_o shock_n of_o our_o ship_n when_o they_o come_v violent_o to_o stem_v they_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v sea-room_n enough_o they_o draw_v out_o their_o navy_n at_o length_n to_o compass_v and_o enclose_v our_o man_n about_o and_o sometime_o they_o will_v single_a out_o one_o of_o our_o ship_n and_o set_v upon_o they_o with_o divers_a of_o â—_z together_a or_o wipe_v off_o a_o side_n of_o their_o oar_n in_o their_o passage_n along_o by_o they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o deal_v at_o hand_n leave_v aside_o the_o art_n &_o skill_n of_o the_o pilot_n they_o take_v themselves_o to_o the_o stoutness_n and_o valour_n of_o the_o highlander_n our_o man_n be_v fain_o to_o use_v worse_a oar-man_n and_o more_o unskilful_a pilot_n who_o be_v late_o take_v out_o of_o ship_n of_o burden_n do_v not_o well_o know_v the_o true_a name_n of_o the_o tackle_n and_o be_v much_o trouble_v with_o the_o heaviness_n and_o sluggishness_n of_o the_o ship_n which_o be_v make_v in_o haste_n of_o unseasoned_a timber_n be_v not_o so_o nimbie_fw-mi or_o ready_a for_o use_v but_o as_o the_o matter_n come_v to_o handy-blow_n every_o single_a ship_n do_v willing_o undertake_v two_o at_o once_o and_o have_v grapple_v with_o either_o
of_o they_o fight_v on_o each_o side_n enter_v valiant_o the_o enemy_n ship_n kill_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o highlander_n and_o shepherd_n part_v of_o the_o ship_n they_o sink_v some_o they_o take_v with_o the_o man_n and_o the_o rest_n they_o beat_v back_o into_o the_o haven_n that_o day_n the_o massilian_n lose_v nine_o ship_n with_o those_o that_o be_v take_v this_o news_n be_v bring_v to_o caesar_n at_o ilerda_n the_o first_o observation_n i_o have_v former_o observe_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o sea-fight_n sea-fight_n consist_v of_o three_o part_n the_o first_o be_v their_o nimble_a and_o skilful_a manage_n of_o their_o ship_n either_o forcible_o to_o assault_v or_o to_o lavire_n and_o bear_v off_o as_o may_v fall_v for_o their_o best_a advantage_n wherein_o the_o massilian_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o skillfulness_n of_o their_o pilot_n have_v great_a confidence_n the_o second_o be_v their_o fight_n before_o they_o come_v to_o grapple_v as_o well_o with_o great_a engine_n such_o as_o be_v their_o balistae_fw-la and_o catapultae_n cast_v stone_n and_o log_n of_o wood_n one_o against_o another_o as_o also_o with_o sling_n arrow_n and_o dart_n resemble_v our_o great_a artillery_n and_o small_a shot_n for_o which_o purpose_n their_o ship_n be_v build_v with_o fore-castles_a and_o turret_n and_o other_o advantage_n of_o height_n for_o their_o cast_a weapon_n the_o three_o be_v their_o grapple_a and_o forcible_a entry_n wherein_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o matter_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o valour_n the_o legionary_a soldier_n carry_v the_o cause_n whence_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o their_o legion_n be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o their_o valiant_a and_o worthy_a man_n as_o well_o for_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o land_n be_v â—itted_v by_o the_o discipline_n of_o their_o military_a exercise_n to_o undertake_v any_o service_n subject_n to_o humane_a industry_n whereof_o they_o gâ—ve_v a_o account_n worthy_a the_o school_n wherein_o they_o be_v instruct_v neither_o be_v 〈◊〉_d at_o any_o time_n but_o that_o such_o kingdom_n as_o 〈…〉_z to_o train_z up_o their_o man_n in_o academy_n of_o virtuous_a actual_o do_v always_o keep_v then_o honour_n at_o a_o high_a 〈◊〉_d afford_v at_o all_o time_n man_n of_o absolute_a and_o complete_a carriage_n both_o for_o designment_n and_o performance_n the_o second_o observation_n i_o have_v a_o little_a before_o show_v out_o of_o livy_n that_o the_o antesignani_fw-la be_v ordinary_o take_v for_o the_o hastati_fw-la which_o be_v the_o easy_a sort_n of_o soldier_n according_a to_o the_o general_a division_n of_o a_o legion_n do_v seem_v to_o contradict_v the_o passage_n in_o this_o chapter_n sed_fw-la delectos_fw-la ex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la legionibus_fw-la fortissimos_fw-la viros_fw-la antesignanos_fw-la centuriones_n caesar_n ei_fw-la classi_fw-la attribuerat_fw-la but_o caesar_n have_v pick_v the_o valiant_a of_o the_o antesignani_fw-la out_o of_o all_o the_o legion_n put_v they_o into_o this_o fleet_n as_o centurion_n for_o the_o better_a clear_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o as_o the_o hastati_fw-la or_o first_o battle_n of_o a_o legion_n be_v general_o take_v for_o the_o antesignani_fw-la as_o stand_v before_o the_o eagle_n and_o other_o the_o chief_a ensign_n which_o be_v always_o among_o the_o principes_fw-la or_o second_v battle_n so_o every_o maniple_n have_v a_o ensign_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o troup_n the_o soldier_n that_o stand_v in_o front_n before_o the_o ensign_n be_v likewise_o call_v antesignani_fw-la and_o be_v the_o best_a soldier_n in_o the_o company_n for_o the_o centurion_n stand_v always_o in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o troup_n be_v accompany_v with_o the_o valiant_a and_o worthy_a man_n the_o rest_n fill_v up_o the_o rear_n consort_v with_o the_o lieutenant_n who_o thereupon_o be_v call_v tergiductor_a whence_o we_o may_v admire_v the_o temperature_n and_o disposition_n of_o a_o roman_a army_n be_v first_o general_o divide_v into_o three_o battle_n whereof_o the_o mean_a be_v in_o the_o vanguard_n to_o make_v trial_n of_o their_o strength_n and_o to_o spend_v the_o heat_n of_o their_o young_a blood_n in_o the_o first_o affront_n of_o a_o enemy_n the_o veterani_fw-la or_o old_a soldier_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o rearward_n to_o repair_v any_o loss_n which_o either_o force_n or_o casualty_n shall_v cast_v upon_o their_o leader_n and_o again_o to_o counterpoise_v themselves_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o the_o weak_a may_v not_o alwaâ—â—s_o go_v to_o the_o wall_n their_o private_a company_n be_v so_o order_v that_o the_o best_a man_n be_v always_o in_o front_n whereby_o they_o make_v such_o a_o exquisite_a temper_n as_o keep_v every_o part_n of_o the_o army_n in_o their_o full_a strength_n chap._n xx._n upon_o the_o make_n of_o the_o bridge_n at_o ilerda_n the_o enemy_n resolve_v to_o transfer_v the_o war_n into_o celtiberia_n upon_o caesar_n make_v of_o his_o bridge_n caesar_n fortune_n sudden_o change_v the_o enemy_n fear_v the_o courage_n and_o valour_n of_o our_o cavalry_n do_v not_o so_o free_o range_v abroad_o as_o they_o have_v wont_a to_o do_v sometime_o seek_v forage_n within_o a_o small_a distance_n of_o the_o camp_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v find_v a_o safe_a and_o easy_a retreat_n if_o occasion_n require_v sometime_o fetch_v a_o great_a compass_n about_o to_o avoid_v the_o guard_n and_o station_n of_o our_o horseman_n and_o if_o they_o have_v receive_v but_o the_o least_o check_n or_o have_v but_o descry_v the_o cavalry_n afar_o off_o they_o will_v have_v cast_v down_o their_o burden_n and_o flee_v away_o at_o last_o they_o omit_v forage_v for_o many_o day_n together_o and_o which_o be_v never_o use_v by_o any_o nation_n send_v out_o to_o seek_v it_o in_o the_o night_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n those_o of_o osca_n and_o calaguris_n osca_n be_v in_o league_n together_o calaguris_fw-la send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n with_o offer_n of_o their_o service_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o shall_v please_v to_o command_v it_o within_o a_o few_o day_n the_o tarraconenses_n lacetani_n and_o ausetani_n together_o with_o the_o illurgavonenses_n which_o border_n upon_o the_o river_n ebrus_n follow_v after_o of_o all_o these_o he_o desire_v supply_n of_o corn_n and_o provision_n which_o they_o promise_v to_o furnish_v and_o according_o get_v horse_n from_o all_o quarter_n and_o bring_v grain_n into_o the_o camp_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o regiment_n of_o the_o illurgavonenses_n understand_v the_o resolution_n of_o their_o state_n leave_v the_o enemy_n and_o come_v unto_o he_o with_o their_o colour_n and_o sudden_o a_o great_a alteration_n of_o thing_n appear_v the_o bridge_n be_v perfect_v five_o great_a city_n and_o state_n be_v come_v in_o unto_o he_o a_o course_n settle_v for_o provision_n of_o corn_n and_o the_o rumour_n blow_v over_o of_o the_o succour_n and_o legion_n which_o pompey_n be_v say_v to_o come_v withal_o by_o the_o way_n of_o mauritania_n many_o other_o town_n far_o off_o revolt_v from_o afranius_n and_o cleave_v to_o caesar_n party_n the_o enemy_n be_v much_o affright_a and_o abash_v at_o these_o thing_n caesar_n to_o avoid_v the_o great_a circuit_n by_o which_o he_o continual_o send_v his_o horseman_n about_o by_o the_o bridge_n have_v get_v a_o convenient_a place_n resolve_v to_o make_v many_o trench_n of_o thirty_o foot_n in_o breadth_n by_o which_o he_o may_v drain_v some_o part_n of_o the_o river_n sicoris_n and_o make_v it_o passable_a by_o a_o ford_n these_o trench_n be_v almost_o make_v afâ—anius_n and_o petreius_n do_v thereupon_o conceive_v a_o great_a fear_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v cut_v off_o altogether_o from_o victual_n and_o forage_v forasmuch_o as_o caesar_n be_v very_o strong_a in_o horse_n and_o therefore_o they_o determine_v to_o leave_v that_o place_n and_o transfer_v the_o war_n into_o celtiberia_n be_v the_o rather_o thereunto_o induce_v for_o that_o of_o those_o two_o contrary_a faction_n which_o in_o the_o former_a war_n have_v stand_v for_o l._n sertorius_n such_o city_n as_o be_v subdue_v by_o pompey_n do_v yet_o stand_v in_o awe_n of_o his_o name_n and_o authority_n and_o such_o as_o from_o the_o beginning_n have_v continue_v firm_a unto_o he_o do_v entire_o love_v he_o for_o the_o great_a benefit_n they_o have_v receive_v from_o he_o among_o who_o caesar_n name_n be_v not_o know_v there_o they_o expect_v great_a succour_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o to_o keep_v the_o war_n on_o foot_n until_o winter_n this_o advice_n be_v agree_v upon_o they_o give_v order_n to_o take_v up_o all_o the_o boat_n that_o be_v on_o the_o river_n iberus_n octogesa_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o octogesa_n a_o town_n site_v upon_o iberus_n twenty_o mile_n from_o the_o camp_n there_o they_o command_v a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n to_o be_v make_v and_o transport_v two_o legion_n over_o sicoris_n fortify_v their_o camp_n with_o a_o rampire_n of_o twelve_o foot_n
of_o ship_v and_o corn_n to_o keep_v the_o island_n the_o first_o observation_n observe_v first_o how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v for_o such_o as_o stand_v neutral_a between_o two_o party_n bear_v no_o affection_n but_o to_o their_o own_o end_n to_o declare_v themselves_o upon_o such_o apparence_n as_o common_o happen_v in_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o a_o war_n for_o if_o their_o judgement_n fail_v as_o varro_n do_v they_o be_v then_o force_v to_o redeem_v their_o error_n with_o more_o office_n of_o partiality_n then_o can_v afterward_o be_v excuse_v and_o so_o run_v into_o a_o further_a degree_n ofenmitie_n than_o the_o party_n for_o who_o they_o suffer_v and_o certain_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o neutrality_n refuse_v to_o take_v part_n with_o the_o right_n which_o in_o matter_n of_o controversy_n must_v needs_o stand_v on_o one_o side_n or_o whether_o it_o favour_v of_o a_o ill_a nature_n to_o show_v no_o sympathize_v affection_n with_o such_o as_o otherwise_o have_v correspondence_n with_o they_o or_o for_o what_o other_o cause_n i_o know_v not_o but_o sure_o it_o be_v that_o neutral_n attend_v nothing_o but_o their_o own_o advantage_n be_v of_o no_o better_a esteem_n than_o the_o bird_n whereof_o leo_n africus_n write_v which_o when_o the_o king_n of_o bird_n demand_v tribute_n will_v always_o rank_v himself_o among_o the_o fish_n and_o when_o the_o king_n of_o fish_n require_v his_o service_n will_v always_o be_v with_o the_o bird_n or_o then_o the_o weathercock_n whereof_o there_o be_v no_o other_o use_n then_o indicare_fw-la regnantem_fw-la to_o show_v what_o wind_n rule_v the_o second_o observation_n the_o island_n of_o gades_n be_v know_v to_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o name_n of_o tartesson_n hic_fw-la gades_n vrbs_fw-la est_fw-la dicta_fw-la tartessus_n prius_fw-la aâ—nienus_n here_o gades_n stand_v of_o old_a tartessus_n call_v the_o town_n of_o gades_n be_v endow_v as_o dion_n witness_v xli_o by_o julius_n caesar_n with_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o rome_n to_o which_o effect_n pliny_n write_v oppidum_n habet_fw-la civium_fw-la romanorum_fw-la quod_fw-la appellatur_fw-la augusta_n vrbs_fw-la julia_n gaditana_n this_o island_n have_v a_o town_n of_o roman_a citizen_n which_o be_v call_v augusta_n julia_n gaditana_n it_o be_v a_o town_n of_o great_a fame_n as_o appear_v by_o that_o of_o juba_n king_n of_o mauritania_n who_o make_v ambitious_a suit_n to_o have_v the_o title_n of_o duumviri_fw-la or_o two-man_n of_o the_o town_n as_o festus_n note_v in_o his_o description_n of_o the_o sea-coast_n at_o vis_fw-la in_o illis_fw-la tanta_fw-la vel_fw-la tantum_fw-la decus_fw-la aetate_fw-la prisca_fw-la sub_fw-la fide_fw-la rerum_fw-la fuit_fw-la rex_fw-la ut_fw-la superbus_fw-la omniumque_fw-la praepotens_fw-la quos_fw-la gens_fw-la habebat_fw-la forte_fw-fr tum_fw-la maurusia_n octaviano_fw-it principi_fw-la acceptissimus_fw-la et_fw-la literarum_fw-la semper_fw-la in_o study_v juba_n interfluoque_fw-la separatus_fw-la aequore_fw-la illustriorem_fw-la semet_fw-la vrbis_fw-la istius_fw-la duumviratu_fw-la crederet_fw-la such_o be_v their_o power_n such_o their_o grace_n of_o old_a while_o faith_n be_v yet_o in_o place_n king_n juba_n the_o most_o powerful_a prince_n the_o moor_n have_v either_o then_o or_o since_o in_o favour_n with_o octavian_n and_o every_o way_n a_o learned_a man_n divide_v from_o this_o place_n by_o sâ—n_n think_v it_o will_v great_a glory_n be_v to_o be_v duum-vir_a of_o the_o town_n in_o this_o island_n stand_v hercules_n temple_n to_o which_o as_o well_o roman_n as_o other_o noble_a adventurer_n of_o all_o nation_n make_v often_o repair_v to_o perform_v their_o vow_n upon_o achievement_n of_o deed_n of_o arm_n which_o solemnity_n be_v not_o omit_v by_o hannibal_n before_o his_o expedition_n into_o italy_n among_o other_o altar_n in_o this_o temple_n there_o be_v one_o dedicate_v to_o penury_n and_o art_n signify_v that_o art_n drive_v away_o penury_n as_o hercules_n put_v to_o flight_n and_o subdue_v monster_n those_o of_o asia_n and_o the_o mediterrane_n part_n take_v this_o island_n to_o be_v the_o further_a end_n of_o navigation_n for_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n admit_v no_o further_a passage_n for_o want_v of_o a_o loadstone_n to_o direct_v they_o in_o that_o vastness_n and_o therefore_o pindarus_n say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o wise_a man_n nor_o fool_n to_o know_v what_o be_v beyond_o the_o straight_a of_o gibraltar_n land_n the_o way_n in_o the_o ocean_n be_v a_o thousand_o league_n abroad_o in_o this_o town_n of_o gades_n be_v bear_v l._n cornelius_n balbus_n who_o at_o his_o death_n give_v a_o legacy_n to_o the_o roman_a people_n twenty_o five_o penny_n per_fw-la pole_n together_o with_o junius_n brutus_n columella_n that_o write_v so_o excellent_o de_fw-fr re_fw-mi rustica_fw-la et_fw-la mea_fw-la quam_fw-la generate_fw-la tartessi_fw-it littore_fw-la gades_n and_o which_o my_o gades_n yield_v on_o tartesse_n shore_n it_o be_v now_o call_v cales_n and_o be_v sack_v by_o our_o english_a an._n 1596._o hispalis_n hispalis_n surname_v romulensis_fw-la from_o the_o roman_a colony_n that_o be_v plant_v there_o sevill_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o river_n baetis_n in_o a_o very_a pleasant_a and_o fertile_a country_n and_o especial_o for_o oil_n the_o town_n be_v now_o the_o staple_n for_o the_o west_n indies_n and_o a_o very_a nursery_n of_o merchant_n arias_n montanus_n that_o great_a theologian_n be_v bear_v in_o this_o city_n the_o three_o observation_n concern_v these_o hundred_o and_o ninety_o thousand_o sesterce_n the_o learned_a can_v satisfy_v themselves_o with_o any_o congruent_a interpretation_n thereof_o for_o if_o we_o take_v they_o in_o the_o neuter_n for_o seven_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n apiece_o it_o amount_v to_o 1492000_o pound_n which_o be_v think_v too_o much_o if_o in_o the_o masculine_a it_o will_v rise_v not_o to_o above_o 1400_o pound_n which_o be_v deem_v too_o little_a and_o therefore_o the_o critic_n do_v mend_v the_o place_n and_o read_v his_a centies_n nonagy_n a_o hundred_o time_n ninety_o his_a which_o bring_v out_o 142500_o pound_n and_o be_v think_v agreeable_a to_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o author_n chap._n viii_o the_o province_n and_o the_o legion_n revolt_v from_o varro_n caesar_n settle_v spain_n and_o return_v to_o marseilles_n albeit_o caesar_n be_v call_v back_o into_o italy_n caesar_n for_o many_o great_a and_o important_a cause_n yet_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o leave_v no_o spark_n or_o appearance_n of_o war_n remain_v behind_o he_o in_o spain_n for_o that_o he_o know_v pompey_n desert_n to_o be_v such_o as_o have_v gain_v he_o many_o follower_n and_o dependent_n in_o the_o hither_o province_n and_o therefore_o have_v send_v two_o legion_n into_o the_o further_a spain_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o q._n cassius_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n he_o himself_o make_v forward_o by_o great_a journey_n with_o six_o hundred_o horse_n send_v a_o edict_n before_o he_o to_o summon_v the_o magistrate_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o city_n and_o town_n to_o appear_v before_o he_o by_o a_o day_n at_o corduba_n upon_o publication_n of_o which_o edict_n there_o be_v no_o city_n in_o all_o that_o province_n that_o send_v not_o some_o of_o their_o senate_n by_o the_o day_n appoint_v to_o corduba_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o roman_a citizen_n of_o note_n that_o present_v not_o himself_o there_o at_o that_o time_n the_o prince_n and_o state_n be_v assemble_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n they_o shut_v the_o gate_n against_o varro_n set_v watch_n and_o ward_n upon_o the_o wall_n and_o in_o the_o tower_n and_o retain_v with_o they_o two_o cohort_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o colonicae_n which_o come_v thither_o by_o chance_n for_o the_o safe_a keep_n of_o the_o town_n at_o the_o selfsame_a time_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o carmona_n which_o be_v the_o strong_a town_n of_o all_o the_o province_n cast_v out_o the_o three_o cohort_n that_o be_v by_o varro_n put_v into_o their_o citadel_n and_o shut_v they_o out_o of_o their_o town_n whereby_o varro_n be_v the_o rather_o move_v to_o make_v haste_n to_o gades_n with_o his_o legion_n lest_o he_o shall_v be_v hinder_v and_o cut_v off_o either_o in_o the_o way_n or_o in_o his_o passage_n over_o from_o the_o continent_n such_o and_o so_o favourable_a be_v the_o general_a affection_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n towards_o caesar_n and_o be_v somewhat_o advance_v on_o his_o journey_n he_o receive_v letter_n from_o gades_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v know_v there_o of_o the_o edict_n which_o caesar_n have_v publish_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o gaditan_n agree_v with_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n which_o be_v in_o garrison_n to_o expel_v gallonius_n out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o city_n and_o the_o island_n for_o caesar_n which_o be_v resolve_v upon_o they_o send_v he_o word_n to_o leave_v the_o town_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n while_o he_o may_v do_v it_o without_o danger_n and_o if_o he_o refuse_v they_o will_v then_o take_v such_o
no_o man_n in_o cold_a blood_n can_v better_o advise_v then_o curio_n or_o foresee_v with_o better_a providence_n yet_o his_o youthful_a boldness_n overswaied_n his_o discourse_n thucydides_n and_o draw_v all_o to_o a_o mischief_n in_o despite_n of_o his_o wisdom_n the_o second_o be_v superioris_fw-la temporis_fw-la proventus_fw-la the_o happy_a issue_n of_o former_a proceed_n which_o of_o all_o other_o condition_n be_v to_o be_v suspect_v cyropaed_n and_o need_v god_n assistance_n more_o than_o any_o other_o fortune_n for_o that_o no_o man_n soon_o err_v or_o be_v more_o uncapable_a of_o order_n than_o such_o as_o be_v in_o prosperity_n and_o therefore_o plato_n refuse_v to_o make_v law_n for_o they_o of_o cyrene_n contubernium_fw-la as_o a_o matter_n of_o great_a difficulty_n to_o give_v ordinance_n to_o man_n that_o be_v in_o happiness_n and_o doubtless_o such_o be_v the_o exorbitancy_n of_o our_o nature_n that_o nothing_o better_o inform_v it_o then_o cross_n sen._n which_o be_v as_o instruction_n and_o warning_n for_o the_o prevent_n of_o ruine_v calamity_n receâ—it_fw-la wherein_o curio_n be_v not_o behold_v to_o fortune_n at_o all_o that_o dandle_v he_o in_o her_o lap_n for_o a_o while_n to_o cast_v he_o out_o at_o length_n headlong_o to_o his_o ruin_n it_o have_v be_v much_o better_o she_o have_v exchange_v a_o frown_n with_o a_o favour_n rather_o than_o to_o have_v give_v he_o much_o good_a together_o 4._o and_o reserve_v a_o irrecoverable_a disgrace_n for_o the_o upshot_n the_o three_o be_v spondere_fw-la fiducia_n rei_fw-la bene_fw-la gerendae_fw-la which_o savour_v more_o of_o folly_n than_o any_o of_o the_o former_a it_o be_v always_o a_o argument_n of_o a_o imprudent_a man_n to_o assure_v himself_o of_o good_a fortune_n for_o presumption_n beneficiis_fw-la be_v ever_o accompany_v with_o negligence_n be_v subject_a to_o as_o many_o casualty_n as_o those_o that_o go_v unarm_v upon_o extremity_n of_o danger_n cyri._fw-la and_o these_o be_v the_o three_o thing_n that_o miscarry_v curio_n out_o of_o which_o we_o may_v observe_v with_o xenophon_n that_o ingens_fw-la &_o arduum_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la recte_fw-la imperare_fw-la it_o be_v a_o weighty_a and_o difficult_a matter_n to_o command_v well_o chap._n xvi_o curio_n pursue_v the_o enemy_n with_o more_o haste_n then_o good_a success_n that_o which_o the_o cavalry_n have_v exploit_v caesar_n be_v certain_o a_o matter_n of_o great_a service_n especial_o the_o small_a number_n of_o they_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o numidian_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o they_o speak_v of_o these_o thing_n with_o great_a ostentation_n than_o the_o truth_n will_v bear_v as_o man_n be_v willing_a to_o divulge_v their_o own_o praise_n beside_o they_o show_v much_o spoil_n which_o they_o have_v take_v captive_n and_o horse_n be_v bring_v out_o that_o whatsoever_o time_n be_v omit_v seem_v to_o be_v a_o let_v and_o hindrance_n to_o the_o victory_n by_o which_o mean_n the_o desire_n and_o endeavour_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v no_o way_n short_a of_o the_o hope_n which_o curio_n have_v conceive_v who_o command_v the_o cavalry_n to_o follow_v he_o march_v forward_o with_o as_o much_o haste_n as_o he_o can_v to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v find_v the_o enemy_n distract_v and_o astonish_v at_o the_o flight_n and_o overthrow_v of_o their_o fellow_n but_o the_o horseman_n have_v travel_v all_o night_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n follow_v after_o whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o some_o stay_v in_o one_o place_n some_o in_o another_o yet_o this_o do_v not_o hinder_v or_o discourage_v curio_n in_o his_o hope_n juba_n be_v advertise_v by_o sabura_n of_o the_o conflict_n in_o the_o night_n send_v instant_o two_o thousand_o spanish_n and_o french_a horse_n which_o he_o keep_v about_o he_o for_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o person_n and_o such_o of_o the_o foot-troup_n as_o he_o most_o trust_v to_o succour_v and_o relieve_v he_o he_o himself_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o force_n and_o forty_o elephant_n follow_v soft_o after_o sabura_n suspect_v by_o the_o horseman_n come_v before_o that_o curio_n himself_o be_v at_o hand_n imbattel_v all_o his_o force_n command_v they_o that_o under_o a_o pretence_n of_o counterfeit_a fear_n they_o shall_v retreat_v by_o little_a and_o little_a himself_o when_o occasion_n serve_v will_v give_v they_o the_o sign_n of_o battle_n with_o such_o other_o direction_n as_o shall_v be_v expedient_a curio_n be_v strengthen_v in_o his_o former_a hope_n with_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o present_a occasion_n for_o suppose_v the_o enemy_n have_v flee_v he_o draw_v his_o force_n from_o the_o upper_a ground_n into_o the_o plain_a wherein_o after_o he_o have_v march_v a_o good_a space_n the_o army_n have_v travail_v sixteen_o mile_n he_o make_v a_o stand_n sabura_n give_v the_o sign_n to_o his_o man_n of_o beginning_n the_o battle_n lead_v on_o his_o army_n go_v about_o his_o troop_n to_o exhort_v and_o encourage_v his_o soldier_n howbeit_o he_o use_v his_o footman_n only_o for_o a_o show_v a_o far_o off_o and_o send_v the_o cavalry_n to_o give_v the_o charge_n curio_n be_v not_o want_v to_o his_o man_n but_o wish_v they_o to_o set_v all_o their_o confidence_n in_o their_o valour_n the_o soldier_n howsoever_o harry_v and_o weary_v and_o the_o horseman_n although_o but_o a_o very_a few_o and_o those_o spend_v with_o travel_n yet_o want_v no_o courage_n or_o desire_n to_o fight_v but_o these_o be_v but_o two_o hundred_o in_o number_n for_o the_o rest_n stay_v by_o the_o way_n what_o part_n of_o the_o army_n soever_o they_o charge_v they_o force_v the_o enemy_n to_o give_v way_n but_o they_o can_v neither_o follow_v they_o far_o as_o they_o flee_v nor_o put_v their_o horse_n to_o any_o round_a or_o long_a career_n at_o length_n the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o enemy_n begin_v from_o both_o the_o wing_n to_o circumvent_v our_o army_n and_o to_o maul_v they_o down_o behind_o and_o as_o our_o cohort_n issue_v out_o from_o the_o battle_n towards_o they_o the_o numidian_n through_o their_o nimbleness_n do_v easy_o avoid_v the_o shock_n and_o again_o as_o they_o turn_v back_o to_o their_o rank_n enclose_v they_o about_o and_o cut_v they_o off_o from_o the_o battle_n so_o that_o it_o neither_o seem_v safe_a to_o keep_v their_o order_n and_o place_n nor_o to_o advance_v themselves_o out_o and_o undergo_v the_o hazard_n of_o adventure_n observation_n the_o principle_n and_o maxim_n of_o war_n be_v always_o to_o be_v hold_v firm_a when_o they_o be_v take_v with_o their_o due_a circumstance_n for_o every_o rule_n have_v a_o qualify_a state_n and_o consist_v more_o in_o caution_n and_o exception_n then_o in_o authority_n of_o precept_n it_o be_v true_a that_o nothing_o do_v more_o advantage_n a_o victory_n than_o the_o counsel_n of_o lamachus_n the_o three_o duke_n of_o the_o athenian_n which_o be_v 7._o to_o set_v upon_o a_o enemy_n when_o he_o be_v affright_v and_o distract_v for_o so_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v expect_v on_o be_v behalf_n but_o despair_n and_o confusion_n but_o either_o to_o be_v mistake_v therein_o or_o otherwise_o to_o make_v such_o haste_n to_o observe_v this_o rule_n of_o war_n as_o curio_n do_v that_o the_o best_a part_n of_o the_o army_n shall_v he_o by_o the_o way_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o go_v on_o shall_v be_v so_o spend_v with_o labour_n as_o they_o be_v altogether_o unfit_a for_o service_n and_o yet_o to_o make_v the_o matter_n worse_a to_o bring_v they_o into_o a_o place_n of_o disadvantage_n to_o encounter_v a_o strong_a and_o fresh_a enemy_n be_v to_o make_v the_o circumstance_n oversway_v the_o rule_n and_o by_o a_o maxim_n of_o war_n to_o be_v direct_v to_o a_o overthrow_n neglect_v altogether_o that_o which_o be_v observe_v by_o sextus_n aurelius_n victor_n satis_fw-la celeriter_fw-la fit_a quicquid_fw-la commode_v geritur_fw-la that_o which_o be_v well_o do_v be_v do_v soon_o enough_o chap._n xvii_o curio_n defeat_v and_o slay_v some_o few_o of_o the_o army_n get_v passage_n to_o sâ—cily_n the_o rest_n yield_v themselves_o to_o varus_n the_o enemy_n be_v oftentimes_o renforce_v by_o succour_n from_o the_o king_n caesar_n our_o man_n have_v spend_v their_o strength_n and_o faint_v through_o weariness_n such_o as_o be_v wound_v can_v neither_o leave_v the_o battle_n nor_o be_v convey_v into_o a_o place_n of_o safety_n the_o whole_a army_n be_v encompass_v about_o with_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o enemy_n whereby_o despair_v of_o their_o safety_n as_o man_n common_o do_v when_o their_o life_n draw_v towards_o a_o end_n they_o either_o lament_v their_o own_o death_n or_o recommend_v their_o friend_n to_o good_a fortune_n if_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o any_o may_v escape_v out_o of_o that_o danger_n all_o part_n be_v fill_v with_o fear_n and_o lamentation_n curio_n when_o he_o perceive_v the_o soldier_n to_o be_v so_o affright_v that_o they_o give_v care_n neither_o to_o
their_o treaty_n whereupon_o he_o send_v p._n vatinius_n a_o legate_n to_o the_o river_n bank_n to_o utter_v such_o thing_n as_o do_v chief_o concern_v a_o peace_n and_o to_o ask_v oftentimes_o with_o a_o loud_a voice_n whether_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o citizen_n to_o send_v to_o citizen_n touch_v a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v a_o thing_n permit_v to_o the_o thief_n of_o the_o pyreneian_a mountain_n or_o at_o least_o to_o move_v that_o citizen_n shall_v not_o in_o arm_n contend_v with_o citizen_n and_o have_v speak_v much_o very_o respectful_o as_o well_o concern_v his_o own_o welfare_n as_o the_o safety_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n he_o be_v hear_v with_o silence_n by_o the_o soldier_n on_o both_o side_n at_o length_n it_o be_v answer_v from_o the_o other_o party_n that_o a._n varro_n do_v offer_v himself_o for_o a_o conference_n the_o next_o day_n so_o that_o the_o commissioner_n on_o both_o side_n may_v come_v and_o go_v in_o safety_n and_o deliver_v free_o their_o opinion_n for_o which_o a_o certain_a time_n be_v then_o appoint_v the_o next_o day_n great_a multitude_n of_o either_o side_n present_v themselves_o at_o the_o place_n assign_v and_o great_a be_v the_o expectation_n thereof_o every_o man_n seem_v to_o incline_v to_o peace_n out_o of_o which_o troup_n step_v forth_o t._n labienus_n and_o speak_v soft_o touch_v the_o peace_n and_o at_o last_o enter_v into_o altercation_n with_o vatinius_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o speech_n be_v weapon_n sudden_o cast_v from_o all_o part_n which_o he_o avoid_v be_v cover_v and_o defend_v with_o weapon_n notwithstanding_o many_o be_v wound_v and_o among_o other_o cornelius_z balbus_n m._n plotius_n l._n tiburtius_n centurion_n beside_o many_o other_o soldier_n then_o say_v labienus_n leave_v off_o therefore_o to_o speak_v of_o any_o composition_n for_o unless_o caesar_n head_n be_v bring_v there_o can_v be_v no_o peace_n observation_n this_o small_a piece_n of_o the_o story_n contain_v divers_a notable_a passage_n of_o extremity_n in_o the_o carriage_n of_o pompey_n and_o other_o of_o his_o party_n as_o first_o to_o take_v they_o as_o they_o lie_v that_o of_o wilfulness_n in_o bibulus_n who_o neither_o sickness_n nor_o despair_n of_o help_n can_v move_v to_o intermit_v the_o task_n he_o have_v undertake_v but_o choose_v rather_o to_o suffer_v unto_o death_n in_o approve_v his_o zeal_n to_o the_o cause_n then_o to_o give_v himself_o a_o breathe_a time_n for_o the_o save_n of_o his_o life_n and_o may_v serve_v to_o admonish_v any_o other_o bibulus_n to_o value_v his_o life_n above_o that_o which_o a_o stiff_a and_o wilful_a opinion_n may_v lead_v he_o unto_o beyond_o the_o measure_n of_o honourable_a endeavour_n or_o what_o else_o may_v any_o way_n be_v just_o expect_v lest_o in_o strive_v to_o do_v much_o he_o happen_v to_o do_v nothing_o for_o that_o can_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v well_o do_v in_o another_o man_n behalf_n sapit_fw-la that_o be_v not_o well_o do_v in_o his_o own_o the_o second_o be_v pompey_n resolution_n be_v so_o extreme_a as_o no_o composition_n or_o other_o thing_n whatsoever_o can_v give_v he_o satisfaction_n but_o only_o a_o victorious_a end_n of_o that_o war_n our_o proverb_n say_v better_a a_o lean_a agreement_n than_o a_o fat_a remedy_n and_o the_o casualty_n of_o war_n may_v move_v a_o experience_a commander_n to_o embrace_v a_o safe_a and_o quiet_a peace_n as_o know_v that_o he_o that_o go_v about_o to_o vex_v another_o shall_v have_v his_o turn_n of_o suffer_v the_o like_a misease_n and_o as_o war_n begin_v when_o one_o party_n list_v so_o it_o end_v when_o the_o other_o side_n please_v facilis_fw-la descensus_fw-la averni_fw-la sed_fw-la revocare_fw-la gradum_fw-la â—_o superasque_fw-la evadere_fw-la ad_fw-la auras_fw-la hoc_fw-la opus_fw-la hic_fw-la labour_n est_fw-la the_o way_n to_o hell_n be_v easy_a but_o to_o come_v back_o and_o to_o recover_v life_n this_o be_v a_o task_n indeed_o and_o therefore_o let_v no_o commander_n how_o great_a soever_o refuse_v all_o peace_n but_o that_o which_o be_v buy_v by_o extremity_n of_o war_n lest_o the_o event_n whereof_o there_o can_v be_v no_o assurance_n fall_v out_o as_o it_o happen_v to_o pompey_n but_o rather_o with_o the_o use_n let_v he_o learn_v the_o end_n of_o arm_n which_o be_v to_o make_v straight_o that_o which_o be_v crooked_a and_o out_o of_o discord_n and_o dissension_n to_o draw_v mean_n of_o a_o happy_a peace_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v that_o other_o of_o labienus_n as_o far_o in_o extremity_n as_o either_o of_o the_o former_a who_o nothing_o will_v satisfy_v but_o caesar_n head_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o he_o strike_v at_o the_o root_n for_o his_o head_n be_v the_o head_n of_o that_o war_n but_o to_o say_v it_o rather_o than_o to_o do_v it_o be_v no_o argument_n of_o labienus_n worthiness_n for_o as_o polybius_n note_v 16._o it_o be_v common_a to_o most_o man_n to_o magnify_v themselves_o with_o word_n full_a of_o wind_n yea_o and_o more_o than_o that_o to_o follow_v their_o design_n with_o impetuous_a violence_n but_o to_o direct_v their_o undertake_n to_o a_o successful_a issue_n gellio_n and_o to_o remove_v by_o industry_n or_o providence_n such_o hindrance_n as_o happen_v to_o traverse_v their_o hope_n be_v grant_v but_o to_o a_o few_o and_o now_o deny_v to_o labienus_n notwithstanding_o this_o bravado_n and_o therefore_o let_v such_o commander_n as_o be_v in_o good_a opinion_n and_o esteem_n with_o their_o general_n be_v well_o wary_a of_o embarking_a their_o party_n in_o any_o cause_n far_o than_o may_v beseem_v the_o wisdom_n and_o experience_n of_o judicious_a leader_n as_o believe_v in_o that_o of_o metellus_n to_o king_n bocchus_n sallust_n omne_fw-la bellum_fw-la sumi_fw-la facile_fw-la caeterum_fw-la acerrime_fw-la desinere_fw-la non_fw-la in_o ejusdem_fw-la potestate_fw-la initium_fw-la ejus_fw-la &_o finem_fw-la esse_fw-la incipere_fw-la cuivis_fw-la etiam_fw-la ignavo_fw-la licere_fw-la deponi_fw-la cum_fw-la victores_fw-la velint_fw-la every_o war_n be_v easy_o begin_v but_o hardly_o so_o soon_o end_v the_o beginning_n and_o the_o end_n of_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o same_o man_n power_n any_o poor-spirited_a fellow_n may_v begin_v a_o war_n but_o it_o shall_v end_v when_o the_o conqueror_n please_v and_o not_o before_o chap._n vii_o coelius_n rufus_n move_v sedition_n in_o italy_n and_o it_o slay_v at_o the_o same_o time_n m._n coelius_n rufus_n the_o praetor_n at_o rome_n caesar_n undertake_v the_o business_n of_o debt_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o magistracy_n place_v his_o seat_n by_o the_o chair_n of_o c._n trebonius_n praetor_n of_o the_o town_n promise_v to_o be_v assist_v to_o any_o man_n that_o will_v appeal_v unto_o he_o concern_v valuation_n and_o payment_n to_o be_v perform_v by_o arbitratour_n according_a as_o caesar_n have_v ordain_v but_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v as_o well_o through_o the_o equity_n and_o indifferency_n of_o the_o decree_n as_o through_o the_o lenity_n of_o trebonius_n who_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o those_o time_n require_v a_o easy_a and_o mild_a execution_n of_o justice_n that_o none_o be_v find_v from_o who_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o appeal_n may_v grow_v for_o to_o pretend_v poverty_n or_o to_o complain_v of_o particular_a misfortune_n and_o of_o the_o calamity_n of_o those_o time_n or_o otherwise_o to_o propound_v the_o difficulty_n of_o sell_v their_o good_n by_o a_o outrope_n be_v every_o man_n practice_n but_o for_o any_o man_n to_o acknowledge_v himself_o to_o be_v in_o debt_n and_o yet_o to_o keep_v his_o possession_n whole_a and_o untouched_a be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o very_a strange_a impudence_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o man_n find_v that_o will_v require_v it_o moreover_o coelius_n carry_v a_o very_a hard_a hand_n to_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v receive_v benefit_n thereby_o and_o have_v make_v this_o entrance_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o have_v undertake_v a_o shameful_a or_o dishonest_a cause_n he_o publish_v a_o law_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o interest_n pay_v for_o any_o money_n let_v out_o upon_o consideration_n for_o thirty_o six_o day_n of_o the_o time_n agree_v on_o but_o when_o he_o perceive_v that_o servilius_n the_o consul_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o magistrate_n do_v oppose_v themselves_o against_o he_o therein_o and_o find_v it_o not_o to_o sort_v with_o his_o expectation_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v incite_v and_o stir_v up_o the_o humour_n and_o spirit_n of_o man_n he_o abrogate_a that_o law_n and_o instead_o thereof_o make_v two_o other_o the_o one_o which_o cut_v off_o the_o yearly_a rent_n that_o tenant_n be_v accustom_v to_o pay_v their_o landlord_n for_o the_o house_n they_o dwell_v in_o and_o the_o other_o touch_v new_a assurance_n and_o the_o abolish_n of_o old_a debt_n whereupon_o the_o multitude_n run_v violent_o upon_o c._n trebonius_n and_o have_v hurt_v divers_a
the_o same_o time_n also_o come_v domitius_n into_o macedonia_n and_o as_o ambassador_n begin_v to_o come_v thick_a unto_o he_o from_o divers_a state_n of_o that_o province_n it_o be_v tell_v he_o that_o scipio_n be_v at_o hand_n with_o the_o legion_n and_o come_v with_o great_a fame_n and_o opinion_n of_o all_o man_n which_o be_v oftentimes_o a_o forerunner_n of_o novelty_n he_o make_v no_o stay_n in_o any_o part_n of_o macedonia_n march_v direct_o with_o great_a fury_n towards_o domitius_n and_o when_o he_o come_v within_o twenty_o mile_n of_o he_o turn_v his_o course_n sudden_o to_o cassius_n longinus_n in_o thessalia_n which_o he_o do_v so_o speedy_o that_o news_n come_v together_o of_o his_o come_n and_o of_o his_o arrival_n for_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v march_v with_o great_a expedition_n he_o leave_v m._n favonius_n at_o the_o river_n haliacmon_n which_o divide_v macedonia_n from_o thessalia_n with_o eight_o cohort_n axium_fw-la to_o keep_v the_o carriage_n of_o the_o legion_n where_o he_o command_v they_o to_o build_v a_o fort._n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o cavalry_n of_o king_n cottus_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o keep_v in_o the_o confine_n of_o thessalia_n come_v fly_v sudden_o to_o cassius_n campe._n whereat_o he_o be_v astonish_v understand_v of_o scipio_n come_n and_o see_v the_o horseman_n who_o he_o think_v to_o be_v his_o make_v towards_o the_o hill_n which_o enclose_v thessalia_n and_o from_o thence_o march_v towards_o ambracia_n and_o as_o scipio_n make_v haste_n to_o follow_v after_o letter_n overtake_v he_o send_v from_o favonius_n that_o domitius_n be_v at_o hand_n with_o the_o legion_n and_o that_o he_o can_v not_o hold_v the_o place_n wherein_o he_o be_v leave_v without_o scipio_n help_n upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o which_o letter_n scipio_n alter_v both_o his_o purpose_n and_o his_o journey_n &_o leave_v cassius_n make_v haste_n to_o help_v favonius_n so_o that_o continue_v his_o journey_n night_n and_o day_n he_o come_v unto_o he_o in_o very_o good_a time_n for_o as_o the_o dust_n of_o domitius_n army_n approaching_z be_v see_v to_o rise_v the_o forerunner_n of_o scipio_n his_o army_n be_v likewise_o discover_v whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o as_o domitius_n industry_n do_v help_v cassius_n so_o do_v scipio_n his_o speed_n save_o favonius_n observation_n caesar_n be_v now_o ready_a with_o his_o force_n to_o proceed_v against_o pompey_n the_o first_o thing_n he_o do_v be_v to_o make_v trial_n of_o the_o province_n of_o greece_n and_o to_o get_v their_o favour_n and_o assistance_n for_o his_o better_a furtherance_n in_o contest_v his_o adversary_n for_o as_o a_o army_n stand_v firm_a by_o two_o special_a mean_n first_o in_o themselves_o as_o they_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v any_o oppose_a force_n and_o second_o through_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o country_n wherein_o they_o be_v engage_v so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n their_o overthrow_n either_o proceed_v from_o their_o own_o weakness_n or_o otherwise_o when_o the_o province_n adjoin_v do_v refuse_v such_o mutual_a respect_n as_o may_v relieve_v the_o want_n of_o a_o consume_a multitude_n and_o therefore_o have_v get_v all_o the_o force_n together_o which_o he_o look_v for_o or_o can_v any_o way_n expect_v he_o send_v out_o to_o try_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o country_n and_o to_o alter_v that_o in_o a_o moment_n which_o pompey_n have_v be_v settle_v for_o a_o year_n together_o and_o then_o resolve_v to_o attack_v he_o near_o and_o doubtless_o if_o scipio_n have_v not_o by_o chance_n interrupt_v their_o course_n upon_o his_o come_n out_o of_o asia_n to_o aid_n pompey_n they_o have_v as_o easy_o get_v all_o thessalia_n and_o macedonia_n as_o they_o do_v aetolia_n and_o be_v nevertheless_o so_o order_v and_o dispose_v as_o they_o get_v more_o honour_n of_o scipio_n than_o he_o can_v win_v of_o they_o chap._n xiii_o the_o passage_n between_o domitius_n and_o scipio_n scipio_n abode_n two_o day_n in_o his_o stand_a camp_n caesar_n upon_o the_o river_n haliacmon_n which_o run_v between_o he_o and_o domitius_n camp_n the_o three_o day_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v light_n he_o pass_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n by_o a_o ford_n and_o encamp_v himself_o the_o next_o day_n in_o the_o morning_n he_o imbattel_v his_o force_n before_o the_o front_n of_o his_o camp_n domitius_n in_o like_a manner_n make_v no_o difficulty_n of_o bring_v out_o his_o legion_n resolve_v to_o fight_v and_o whereas_o there_o lie_v a_o field_n of_o six_o mile_n between_o both_o the_o camp_n he_o lead_v his_o troop_n imbattel_v under_o scipio_n camp_n who_o nevertheless_o refuse_v to_o move_v any_o jot_n from_o his_o stand_n yet_o for_o all_o that_o domitius_n soldier_n be_v hardly_o keep_v from_o give_v battle_n but_o special_o a_o river_n lie_v under_o scipio_n camp_n with_o break_a and_o uneasy_a bank_n do_v hinder_v they_o at_o that_o time_n scipio_n understand_v of_o their_o alacrity_n and_o desire_n to_o fight_v suspect_v it_o may_v happen_v that_o the_o next_o day_n he_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o fight_v against_o his_o will_n or_o with_o great_a dishonour_n keep_v himself_o within_o his_o camp_n have_v with_o great_a expectation_n in_o the_o beginning_n go_v on_o rash_o and_o unadvised_o be_v now_o dishonour_v with_o a_o reproachful_a end_n for_o in_o the_o nighttime_n he_o rise_v without_o any_o noise_n or_o warning_n for_o the_o truss_n up_o of_o the_o baggage_n and_o pass_v the_o river_n return_v the_o same_o way_n he_o come_v and_o in_o a_o eminent_a place_n near_o unto_o the_o river_n he_o pitch_v his_o camp_n a_o few_o day_n after_o he_o lay_v a_o ambushment_n of_o horseman_n in_o a_o place_n where_o our_o man_n have_v former_o accustom_v to_o forage_v and_o as_o q._n varus_n general_n of_o the_o horse_n in_o domitius_n army_n come_v out_o according_a to_o his_o ordinary_a use_n they_o set_v upon_o he_o at_o a_o sudden_a but_o our_o man_n do_v valiant_o sustain_v the_o onset_n and_o every_o man_n betake_v himself_o speedy_o to_o his_o rank_n they_o all_o together_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n charge_v the_o enemy_n and_o have_v slay_v fourscore_o they_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n with_o the_o loss_n only_o of_o two_o of_o their_o man_n observation_n it_o appear_v here_o that_o to_o show_v a_o readiness_n and_o resolution_n to_o fight_v upon_o such_o ground_n as_o be_v justifiable_a by_o the_o rule_n of_o war_n be_v no_o small_a advantage_n to_o the_o prosperous_a carriage_n of_o the_o same_o for_o albeit_o scipio_n be_v great_a in_o his_o own_o strength_n and_o as_o great_a in_o the_o opinion_n and_o expectation_n of_o man_n yet_o when_o he_o find_v such_o a_o alacrity_n in_o the_o enemy_n to_o give_v and_o take_v blow_n and_o a_o desire_n to_o entertain_v serious_o all_o occasion_n of_o give_v battle_n he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o prosecute_n what_o he_o have_v pretend_v as_o he_o rather_o choose_v the_o fortune_n of_o a_o safe_a retreat_n and_o consequent_o to_o turn_v the_o advantage_n which_o the_o world_n in_o opinion_n have_v give_v to_o his_o army_n to_o his_o own_o reproach_n and_o disadvantage_n whereas_o on_o the_o other_o side_n to_o be_v find_v for_o the_o most_o part_n unwilling_a to_o hazard_v the_o trial_n of_o a_o field_n or_o indispose_v to_o fight_v upon_o any_o occasion_n do_v invite_v a_o enemy_n to_o attempt_v that_o which_o otherwise_o he_o will_v not_o and_o give_v they_o courage_n to_o beat_v he_o from_o all_o his_o purpose_n as_o know_v the_o resolution_n of_o their_o adversary_n and_o the_o mean_n they_o have_v either_o to_o take_v or_o leave_v at_o their_o pleasure_n chap._n fourteen_o domitius_n draw_v scipio_n to_o a_o loss_n by_o a_o ambushment_n young_a pompey_n attempt_n upon_o oricum_n after_o these_o thing_n caesar_n domitius_n hope_v that_o scipio_n may_v he_o draw_v to_o fight_v he_o make_v as_o though_o he_o be_v in_o great_a want_n and_o scarcity_n of_o corn_n and_o thereupon_o rise_v from_o the_o place_n wherein_o he_o be_v encamp_v with_o the_o usual_a cry_n of_o remove_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o war_n and_o have_v march_v three_o mile_n he_o lodge_v all_o his_o army_n with_o the_o cavalry_n in_o a_o convenient_a and_o secret_a place_n scipio_n be_v ready_a to_o follow_v after_o send_v his_o horseman_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o light-armed_n soldier_n to_o discover_v what_o way_n domitius_n take_v who_o march_v forward_o as_o the_o first_o troop_n come_v within_o the_o ambushment_n suspect_v somewhat_o by_o the_o neigh_n of_o the_o horse_n they_o fall_v back_o again_o those_o that_o follow_v after_o see_v the_o former_a troop_n so_o sudden_o to_o retire_v stand_v still_o our_o man_n find_v themselves_o discover_v and_o think_v it_o in_o vain_a to_o attend_v the_o rest_n have_v get_v two_o troop_n of_o horse_n within_o their_o reach_n they_o content_v
themselves_o with_o they_o among_o who_o be_v m._n opimius_n the_o general_n of_o the_o horse_n the_o rest_n of_o those_o two_o troop_n they_o either_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n or_o take_v alive_a and_o bring_v they_o to_o domitius_n caesar_n as_o be_v before_o show_v have_v withdraw_v the_o garrison_n from_o along_o all_o the_o sea-coast_n leave_v only_o three_o cohort_n at_o oricum_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o town_n and_o to_o they_o he_o commit_v the_o custodic_n and_o safe_a keep_n of_o the_o galley_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o italy_n whereof_o acilius_n the_o legate_n have_v the_o charge_n be_v left_a governor_n of_o the_o town_n he_o for_o the_o better_a security_n of_o the_o ship_n have_v draw_v all_o the_o fleet_n into_o a_o back_n angle_n behind_o the_o town_n and_o there_o fasten_v they_o to_o the_o shore_n and_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n have_v sink_v a_o great_a ship_n and_o set_v another_o by_o she_o upon_o which_o he_o build_v a_o tower_n to_o keep_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o port_n and_o fill_v the_o same_o with_o soldier_n to_o defend_v the_o haven_n from_o any_o sudden_a attempt_n upon_o notice_n whereof_o pompey_n son_n be_v admiral_n of_o the_o egyptian_a fleet_n come_v to_o oricum_n and_o with_o many_o haulser_n and_o hook_n weigh_v up_o the_o sink_a ship_n and_o assault_v the_o other_o ship_n set_v by_o acilius_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o haven_n with_o ship_n wherein_o he_o have_v make_v tower_n which_o stand_v by_o counterpoise_n that_o he_o may_v sight_v with_o advantage_n of_o height_n supply_v continual_o fresh_a man_n and_o attempt_v also_o from_o the_o land_n side_n to_o take_v the_o town_n by_o scale_a ladder_n as_o by_o sea_n with_o his_o navy_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v distract_v and_o dismember_v the_o force_n within_o in_o the_o end_n with_o extreme_a labour_n and_o multitude_n of_o weapon_n he_o overcome_v our_o party_n and_o take_v the_o ship_n have_v cast_v out_o such_o as_o have_v the_o guard_n who_o flee_v all_o away_o with_o skiff_n and_o bo_n at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v likewise_o seize_v of_o a_o small_a height_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o town_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o peninsula_n he_o convey_v over_o four_o small_a biremes_n galley_n with_o roller_n and_o lever_n into_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o harbour_n lie_v behind_o the_o town_n insomuch_o as_o set_v on_o each_o side_n upon_o the_o galley_n tie_v unto_o the_o shore_n empty_a and_o unfurnished_a he_o carry_v four_o of_o they_o away_o and_o burn_v the_o rest_n this_o be_v do_v he_o leave_v d._n laelius_n who_o he_o have_v take_v from_o the_o egyptian_a fleet_n to_o keep_v the_o passage_n that_o no_o victual_n or_o other_o provision_n may_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o town_n either_o from_o bullis_n or_o amantia_n and_o he_o himself_o go_v to_o lissus_n find_v thirty_o ship_n of_o burden_n which_o antonius_n have_v leave_v within_o that_o haven_n and_o set_v they_o all_o on_o fire_n and_o as_o he_o go_v about_o to_o take_v lissus_n the_o soldier_n which_o caesar_n have_v put_v there_o for_o a_o garrison_n to_o the_o town_n together_o with_o the_o roman_a citizen_n and_o the_o townsman_n thereof_o do_v so_o well_o defend_v the_o same_o that_o after_o he_o have_v continue_v there_o three_o day_n and_o lose_v a_o few_o man_n in_o the_o siege_n he_o leave_v the_o place_n without_o effect_v any_o thing_n observation_n a_o ambushment_n be_v easy_o at_o all_o time_n lay_v but_o to_o do_v it_o so_o that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v suspect_v and_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v fall_v into_o the_o danger_n thereof_o be_v that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v arm_v at_o therein_o and_o therefore_o to_o give_v the_o better_a colour_n to_o such_o design_n the_o trick_n have_v be_v to_o pretend_v fear_n and_o so_o slight_a or_o want_v of_o corn_n or_o somewhat_o else_o to_o draw_v the_o enemy_n to_o follow_v after_o with_o more_o boldness_n and_o resolution_n and_o so_o to_o have_v it_o well_o do_v there_o must_v be_v two_o deceit_n to_o assist_v each_o other_o as_o in_o this_o of_o domitius_n to_o make_v show_n of_o remove_v through_o scarcity_n and_o want_n and_o then_o to_o lie_v in_o wait_n for_o a_o advantage_n according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o spaniard_n 5._o a_o un_fw-fr traydor_n do_v alevosos_n for_o the_o prevention_n of_o such_o snare_n of_o deceit_n the_o rule_n be_v general_o give_v by_o onosander_n that_o the_o departure_n or_o fall_v away_o of_o a_o enemy_n be_v always_o to_o be_v suspect_v and_o for_o the_o more_o security_n therein_o experience_a commander_n have_v be_v careful_a before_o they_o stir_v their_o army_n to_o make_v exact_a discovery_n even_o to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o intend_v to_o lodge_v for_o as_o in_o physic_n it_o be_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o cure_n to_o know_v the_o disease_n so_o in_o matter_n of_o war_n the_o danger_n be_v almost_o over_o when_o it_o be_v perceive_v whence_o it_o may_v grow_v the_o manner_n observe_v in_o discovery_n have_v usual_o be_v to_o send_v the_o party_n out_o in_o three_o company_n or_o troop_n the_o first_o consist_v of_o a_o small_a number_n to_o beat_v the_o way_n at_o ease_n and_o to_o range_v about_o from_o place_n to_o place_n as_o shall_v be_v find_v convenient_a the_o second_o company_n be_v somewhat_o strong_a to_o second_v and_o relieve_v the_o first_o if_o there_o be_v occasion_n and_o the_o three_o able_a to_o engage_v a_o good_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o after_o this_o manner_n cyrus_n dispose_v of_o his_o forerunner_n cyropaed_n as_o appear_v in_o xenophon_n but_o this_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o consideration_n of_o time_n and_o place_n and_o other_o circumstance_n may_v vary_v as_o shall_v seem_v expedient_a to_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o general_n chap._n xv._n caesar_n march_v towards_o pompey_n offer_v he_o battle_n and_o cut_v he_o off_o from_o dyrrachium_fw-la after_o caesar_n understand_v that_o pompey_n be_v at_o asparagus_n he_o march_v thitherward_o with_o his_o army_n caesar_n and_o take_v by_o the_o way_n the_o town_n of_o the_o parthinians_n wherein_o pompey_n have_v put_v a_o garrison_n the_o three_o day_n he_o come_v to_o pompey_n in_o macedonia_n and_o lodge_v himself_o fast_o by_o he_o the_o next_o day_n he_o draw_v out_o his_o force_n and_o put_v they_o in_o order_n present_v he_o battle_n but_o when_o he_o find_v that_o he_o will_v not_o accept_v thereof_o he_o draw_v back_o his_o army_n into_o the_o camp_n and_o bethink_v himself_o of_o some_o other_o course_n for_o the_o next_o day_n take_v a_o difficult_a and_o narrow_a way_n he_o set_v forward_o with_o all_o his_o force_n towards_o dyrrachium_fw-la hope_v either_o to_o draw_v pompey_n to_o fight_v or_o to_o force_v the_o town_n or_o at_o least_o â—o_o cut_v he_o off_o from_o all_o convoy_n and_o munition_n which_o be_v there_o store_v up_o for_o the_o whole_a provision_n of_o the_o war_n as_o afterward_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v for_o pompey_n be_v ignorant_a at_o first_o of_o his_o purpose_n inasmuch_o as_o he_o take_v a_o contrary_a way_n think_v he_o have_v be_v drive_v thence_o through_o scarcity_n and_o want_n of_o corn._n but_o be_v afterward_o advertise_v by_o the_o discoverer_n what_o course_n he_o take_v he_o rise_v the_o next_o day_n in_o hope_n to_o meet_v he_o a_o near_a way_n which_o caesar_n suspect_v exhort_v the_o soldier_n to_o endure_v a_o little_a labour_n with_o patience_n and_o rest_v a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o night_n in_o the_o morning_n he_o come_v before_o dyrrachium_fw-la even_o as_o the_o first_o troup_n of_o pompey_n army_n be_v discover_v afar_o off_o and_o there_o encamp_v himself_o pompey_n be_v cut_v off_o from_o dyrrachium_fw-la when_o he_o can_v not_o accomplish_v his_o purpose_n fall_v to_o a_o second_o resolution_n and_o fortify_v his_o camp_n in_o a_o eminent_a place_n lucan_n call_v petra_n from_o whence_o there_o be_v a_o indifferent_a passage_n to_o the_o ship_n and_o shelter_v likewise_o the_o haven_n from_o certain_a wind_n thither_o he_o command_v part_n of_o the_o ship_n to_o be_v bring_v together_o with_o corn_n and_o provision_n of_o victual_n from_o asia_n and_o such_o other_o country_n as_o be_v in_o his_o obedience_n caesar_n doubt_v that_o the_o war_n will_v prove_v long_o and_o tedious_a and_o despair_v of_o any_o succour_n of_o victual_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o italy_n for_o that_o all_o the_o shore_n be_v with_o great_a diligence_n keep_v by_o pompey_n party_n and_o that_o the_o ship_n which_o in_o wâ—nter_v he_o have_v make_v in_o sicilia_n gallia_n and_o italia_n be_v stay_v and_o come_v not_o to_o he_o he_o dispatch_v l._n canuleius_n a_o legate_n into_o epirus_n to_o make_v provision_n of_o corn._n and_o forasmuch_o as_o those_o region_n
be_v far_o off_o he_o appoint_v storehouse_n and_o magazine_n in_o certain_a place_n and_o impose_v carriage_n of_o corn_n upon_o the_o country_n border_v about_o they_o in_o like_a manner_n he_o command_v what_o grain_n soever_o shall_v be_v find_v at_o lissus_n parthenia_n or_o any_o other_o place_n to_o be_v bring_v unto_o he_o which_o be_v very_o little_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o be_v rough_a and_o mountainous_a and_o afford_v no_o corn_n but_o that_o which_o be_v bring_v in_o from_o other_o place_n as_o also_o that_o pompey_n have_v take_v order_n in_o that_o behalf_n and_o a_o little_a before_o have_v ransack_v the_o parthinians_n and_o cause_v his_o horseman_n to_o carry_v away_o all_o the_o grain_n which_o be_v find_v among_o they_o observation_n the_o first_o thing_n that_o caesar_n do_v after_o their_o approach_n near_o one_o unto_o another_o be_v to_o offer_v battle_n as_o the_o best_a arbitrator_n of_o the_o cause_n in_o question_n and_o most_o fit_v the_o usance_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_n metaph._n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o endeavour_n of_o such_o as_o be_v in_o action_n be_v always_o order_v by_o he_o that_o be_v the_o sufferer_n and_o that_o pompey_n refuse_v to_o accept_v thereof_o know_v himself_o to_o be_v much_o strong_a in_o force_n better_o accommodate_v have_v a_o far_o great_a party_n in_o the_o country_n and_o the_o sea_n whole_o at_o his_o command_n which_o advantage_n be_v like_a to_o end_v the_o business_n without_o hazard_n of_o a_o battle_n caesar_n bethink_v himself_o of_o some_o other_o project_n which_o may_v take_v away_o the_o scorn_n of_o that_o refusal_n by_o undertake_v such_o thing_n as_o much_o import_v the_o state_n of_o his_o adversary_n for_o in_o such_o case_n when_o a_o enemy_n will_v not_o fight_v somewhat_o must_v be_v do_v to_o cast_v dishonour_n or_o great_a inconvenience_n upon_o he_o or_o at_o least_o to_o make_v overture_n of_o new_a opportunity_n and_o therefore_o he_o take_v a_o course_n either_o to_o draw_v pompey_n to_o fight_v or_o to_o force_v the_o town_n wherein_o all_o his_o provision_n of_o war_n be_v store_v up_o or_o otherwise_o to_o cut_v he_o off_o from_o the_o same_o the_o least_o of_o which_o be_v a_o sufficient_a acquittance_n of_o any_o disgrace_n which_o the_o neglect_n of_o this_o offer_n may_v seem_v to_o infer_v have_v thereby_o occasion_n to_o use_v that_o of_o the_o poet_n jam_fw-la sumus_fw-la ergo_fw-la pares_fw-la now_o we_o be_v even_o chap._n xvi_o caesar_n go_v about_o to_o besiege_v pompey_n caesar_n be_v inform_v of_o these_o thing_n caesar_n enter_v into_o a_o deliberation_n which_o he_o first_o take_v from_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o be_v for_o whereas_o pompey_n camp_n be_v enclose_v about_o with_o many_o high_a and_o steep_a hill_n he_o first_o take_v those_o hill_n and_o build_v fort_n upon_o they_o and_o then_o as_o the_o condition_n of_o each_o place_n will_v bear_v he_o make_v work_n of_o fortification_n from_o one_o fort_n to_o another_o and_o determine_v to_o enclose_v pompey_n about_o with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n and_o especial_o upon_o these_o consideration_n for_o that_o he_o be_v great_o straighten_v through_o want_n of_o corn_n and_o that_o pompey_n be_v strong_a in_o horse_n he_o may_v with_o less_o danger_n supply_v his_o army_n from_o all_o part_n with_o provision_n as_o also_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v keep_v pompey_n from_o forage_v and_o so_o make_v his_o cavalry_n unserviceable_a in_o that_o kind_n and_o further_o that_o he_o may_v abate_v and_o weaken_v the_o exceed_a great_a reputation_n which_o pompey_n have_v attain_v unto_o among_o foreign_a nation_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v noise_v throughout_o the_o world_n that_o he_o be_v besiege_v by_o caesar_n and_o dare_v not_o fight_v pompey_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v draw_v to_o leave_v the_o commodity_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o town_n of_o dyrrachium_fw-la have_v there_o lay_v up_o all_o his_o provision_n of_o war_n arm_n weapon_n engine_n of_o what_o sort_n soever_o beside_o corn_n which_o be_v bring_v from_o thence_o to_o his_o army_n by_o ship_v neither_o can_v he_o hinder_v caesar_n fortification_n unless_o he_o will_v accept_v of_o battle_n which_o for_o that_o time_n he_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o do_v only_o it_o remain_v as_o the_o last_o thing_n he_o can_v think_v of_o to_o possess_v himself_o of_o as_o many_o hill_n as_o he_o may_v and_o to_o keep_v as_o much_o of_o the_o country_n as_o he_o can_v with_o good_a and_o strong_a guard_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n to_o distract_v as_o much_o as_o possible_o he_o may_v caesar_n force_n as_o according_o it_o fall_v out_o for_o have_v make_v twenty_o four_o castle_n and_o fort_n he_o take_v in_o twenty_o five_o mile_n of_o the_o country_n in_o circuit_n and_o do_v forage_v within_o that_o space_n and_o there_o cause_v many_o thing_n to_o be_v set_v and_o plant_v by_o hand_n which_o in_o the_o interim_n serve_v as_o food_n for_o horse_n and_o as_o our_o man_n perceive_v their_o fortification_n to_o be_v carry_v and_o continue_v from_o one_o castle_n to_o another_o without_o intermission_n they_o begin_v to_o fear_v lest_o they_o have_v leave_v some_o place_n to_o sally_v out_o and_o so_o will_v come_v upon_o they_o behind_o before_o they_o be_v aware_a and_o the_o reason_n they_o make_v their_o work_n thus_o perfect_a throughout_o the_o whole_a inward_a circuit_n be_v that_o our_o man_n may_v not_o enter_v in_o upon_o they_o nor_o circumvent_v they_o behind_o but_o they_o abound_v in_o number_n of_o man_n exceed_v in_o their_o work_n have_v also_o on_o the_o inside_n a_o less_o compass_n to_o fortify_v and_o as_o caesar_n go_v about_o to_o take_v any_o place_n albeit_o pompey_n be_v resolve_v not_o to_o fight_v or_o interrupt_v he_o with_o all_o his_o force_n nevertheless_o he_o send_v out_o his_o archer_n and_o slinger_n of_o which_o he_o have_v great_a number_n by_o who_o many_o of_o our_o man_n be_v wound_v and_o stand_v in_o great_a fear_n of_o the_o arrow_n and_o almost_o all_o the_o soldier_n make_v they_o coat_n conibus_fw-la either_o of_o quilt_n or_o stiffen_a or_o of_o leather_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o danger_n to_o conclude_v either_o party_n use_v all_o force_n and_o mean_n to_o take_v place_n and_o make_v fortification_n caesar_n to_o shut_v up_o and_o straighten_v pompey_n what_o he_o can_v and_o pompey_n to_o enlarge_v himself_o and_o possess_v as_o many_o hill_n as_o convenient_o he_o may_v which_o give_v occasion_n of_o many_o skirmish_n and_o encounter_n observation_n we_o may_v here_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o strange_a enterprise_n that_o ever_o be_v undertake_v by_o a_o judicious_a soldier_n for_o where_o else_o may_v it_o be_v read_v or_o understand_v that_o a_o weak_a party_n go_v about_o to_o besiege_v a_o strong_a adversary_n and_o to_o enclose_v a_o whole_a country_n by_o castle_n and_o tower_n and_o perpetual_a fortification_n from_o hill_n to_o hill_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v shut_v he_o up_o as_o he_o lie_v encamp_v in_o the_o field_n but_o herein_o appear_v the_o infinite_a and_o restless_a endeavour_n of_o a_o roman_a spirit_n and_o the_o work_v they_o wrought_v to_o achieve_v their_o own_o end_n and_o yet_o not_o beside_o the_o limit_n of_o reason_n â—rexit_fw-la for_o if_o that_o of_o seneca_n have_v any_o affinity_n with_o truth_n that_o a_o man_n be_v but_o a_o common_a or_o rather_o contemptible_a thing_n unless_o he_o raise_v himself_o above_o ordinary_a course_n it_o be_v more_o special_o verify_v in_o a_o soldier_n who_o honour_n depend_v upon_o the_o superlative_a degree_n must_v seek_v out_o project_n beyond_o all_o equality_n and_o the_o rather_o upon_o such_o inducement_n as_o be_v here_o allege_v iâ—â—_n which_o show_v good_a reason_n he_o have_v to_o be_v so_o mad_a chap._n xvii_o a_o passage_n that_o happen_v between_o both_o party_n about_o the_o take_n of_o a_o place_n among_o these_o fight_n and_o encounter_n caesar_n it_o happen_v as_o caesar_n nine_o legion_n have_v take_v a_o certain_a place_n and_o there_o begin_v to_o fortify_v pompey_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o the_o hill_n next_o adjoin_v thereunto_o and_o begin_v to_o hinder_v our_o man_n from_o their_o work_n and_o have_v from_o one_o side_n a_o easy_a access_n unto_o it_o first_o with_o archer_n and_o slinger_n &_o afterward_o with_o great_a troop_n of_o light-armed_n man_n and_o engine_n of_o battery_n he_o begin_v to_o disturb_v they_o in_o their_o business_n neither_o be_v our_o man_n able_a at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o go_v on_o with_o their_o fortification_n caesar_n see_v his_o soldier_n wound_v and_o hurt_v from_o all_o part_n command_v they_o to_o fall_v off_o and_o leave_v the_o place_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v to_o make_v their_o retreat_n
down_o the_o hill_n they_o dâ—d_v the_o more_o urge_v and_o press_v upon_o they_o and_o will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o fall_v back_o for_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o forsake_v the_o place_n for_o fear_n it_o be_v report_v that_o pompey_n shall_v then_o in_o a_o vainglory_n say_v to_o those_o that_o be_v about_o he_o that_o he_o will_v be_v content_a to_o be_v take_v for_o a_o general_n of_o no_o worthâ—_n if_o caesar_n man_n can_v make_v any_o retreat_n from_o thence_o where_o they_o be_v so_o rash_o engage_v without_o great_a loss_n caesar_n fear_v the_o retreat_n of_o his_o soldier_n cause_v hurdle_n to_o be_v bring_v and_o sâ—t_v against_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o behind_o they_o sink_v a_o trench_n of_o a_o indifferent_a latitude_n and_o encumber_a the_o place_n as_o much_o as_o possible_o he_o can_v he_o lodge_v also_o slinger_n in_o convenient_a place_n to_o defend_v his_o man_n in_o their_o retreat_n these_o thing_n be_v perfect_v he_o cause_v the_o legion_n to_o be_v draw_v back_o but_o pompey_n party_n begin_v with_o great_a boldness_n and_o insolency_n to_o press_v our_o people_n and_o put_v by_o the_o hurdle_n which_o be_v set_v there_o as_o a_o barricado_n they_o pass_v over_o the_o ditch_n which_o when_o caesar_n perceive_v fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v rather_o seem_v to_o be_v beat_v off_o then_o be_v bring_v back_o whereby_o a_o great_a scandal_n may_v consequent_o ensue_v have_v almost_o from_o the_o midway_n encourage_v his_o man_n by_o antonius_n who_o command_v that_o legion_n he_o will_v that_o the_o sign_n of_o charge_v the_o enemy_n shall_v be_v give_v by_o a_o trumpet_n and_o give_v order_n to_o assault_v they_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o nine_o legion_n put_v themselves_o sudden_o into_o order_n throw_v their_o pâ—les_n and_o run_v furious_o from_o the_o low_a ground_n up_o the_o steep_a of_o the_o hill_n drive_v the_o enemy_n headlong_o from_o they_o who_o find_v the_o hurdle_n the_o long_a pole_n and_o the_o ditch_n to_o be_v a_o great_a hindrance_n unto_o they_o in_o their_o retreat_n it_o content_v our_o man_n to_o leave_v the_o place_n without_o loss_n so_o that_o have_v slay_v many_o of_o they_o they_o come_v away_o very_o quiet_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o sieve_n of_o their_o fellow_n and_o have_v stay_v about_o that_o place_n a_o while_n they_o take_v other_o hill_n and_o perfect_v the_o fortification_n upon_o they_o observation_n this_o chapter_n show_v that_o advantage_n of_o place_n and_o some_o such_o industrious_a course_n as_o may_v be_v fit_v to_o the_o occasion_n be_v of_o great_a consequence_n in_o extremity_n of_o war_n but_o above_o all_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o available_a to_o clear_v a_o danger_n than_o valour_n valour_n be_v the_o hercules_n that_o overcome_v so_o many_o monster_n and_o verifi_v that_o say_n which_o can_v be_v too_o often_o repeat_v virtute_fw-la faciendum_fw-la est_fw-la quâ—cquid_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la bellicis_fw-la est_fw-la gerendum_fw-la what_o a_o man_n do_v in_o matter_n of_o war_n must_v be_v do_v with_o valour_n but_o of_o this_o i_o have_v already_o treat_v chap._n xviii_o the_o scarcity_n which_o either_o partiâ—_n endure_v in_o this_o siege_n the_o carriage_n of_o that_o war_n be_v in_o a_o strange_a and_o unusual_a manner_n caesar_n as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o fort_n and_o castle_n contain_v such_o a_o circuit_n of_o ground_n within_o one_o continue_a fortification_n as_o also_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o whole_a siege_n and_o of_o other_o consequent_n depend_v thereupon_o for_o whosoever_o go_v about_o to_o besiege_v another_o do_v either_o take_v occasion_n from_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o enemy_n daunt_v or_o strike_v with_o fear_n or_o overcome_v in_o battle_n or_o otherwise_o be_v move_v thereunto_o by_o some_o injury_n offer_v whereas_o now_o it_o happen_v that_o they_o be_v far_o the_o strong_a both_o in_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o general_o the_o cause_n of_o almost_o all_o siege_n be_v to_o keep_v a_o enemy_n from_o provision_n of_o corn_n but_o caesar_n be_v then_o far_o inferior_a in_o number_n of_o soldier_n do_v nevertheless_o besiege_v a_o army_n of_o entire_a and_o untouched_a force_n especial_o at_o a_o time_n when_o they_o abound_v with_o all_o necessary_a provision_n for_o every_o day_n come_v great_a store_n of_o ship_v from_o all_o part_n bring_v plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n needful_a neither_o can_v there_o any_o wind_n blow_n which_o be_v not_o good_a from_o some_o part_n or_o other_o on_o the_o other_o side_n caesar_n have_v spend_v all_o the_o corn_n he_o can_v get_v far_o or_o near_o be_v in_o great_a want_n and_o scarcity_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o soldier_n do_v bear_v it_o with_o singular_a patience_n for_o they_o remember_v how_o they_o have_v suffer_v the_o like_a the_o year_n before_o in_o spain_n and_o yet_o with_o patience_n and_o labour_n have_v end_v a_o great_a and_o dangerous_a war_n they_o remember_v likewise_o the_o exceed_a great_a want_n they_o endure_v at_o alesia_n and_o much_o great_a at_o avaricum_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o they_o go_v away_o conqueror_n of_o many_o great_a nation_n they_o refuse_v neither_o barley_n nor_o pease_n when_o it_o be_v give_v they_o in_o stead_n of_o wheat_n and_o of_o cattle_n whereof_o they_o be_v furnish_v with_o great_a store_n out_o of_o epirus_n they_o make_v great_a account_n there_o be_v also_o a_o kind_n of_o root_n find_v out_o by_o they_o that_o be_v with_o valerius_n call_v chara_n which_o eat_v with_o milk_n do_v much_o relieve_v their_o want_n and_o make_v withal_o a_o kind_n of_o bread_n whereof_o they_o have_v plenty_n and_o when_o pompey_n party_n happen_v in_o their_o colloquy_n to_o cast_v in_o their_o tooth_n their_o scarcity_n and_o misery_n they_o will_v common_o throw_v this_o kind_n of_o bread_n at_o they_o and_o scatter_v it_o in_o divers_a place_n to_o discourage_v they_o in_o their_o hope_n and_o now_o corn_n begin_v to_o be_v ripe_a and_o hope_v itself_o do_v relieve_v their_o want_n for_o that_o they_o trust_v to_o have_v plenty_n within_o a_o short_a time_n and_o oftentimes_o the_o soldier_n in_o their_o watch_n and_o conference_n be_v hear_v to_o let_v fall_v speech_n that_o they_o will_v rather_o eat_v the_o bark_n of_o tree_n then_o suffer_v pompey_n to_o escape_v out_o of_o their_o hand_n beside_o they_o understand_v by_o such_o as_o run_v away_o from_o the_o enemy_n that_o their_o horse_n of_o service_n can_v scarce_o be_v keep_v alive_a and_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o cattle_n be_v all_o dead_a and_o that_o the_o soldier_n themselves_o be_v in_o no_o good_a health_n as_o well_o through_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o be_v pen_v as_o also_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o ill_a savour_n and_o multitude_n of_o dead_a body_n together_o with_o continual_a labour_n be_v unaccustomed_a to_o travel_v and_o pain_n but_o especial_o through_o the_o extreme_a want_n of_o water_n for_o all_o the_o river_n and_o brook_n of_o that_o quarter_n caesar_n have_v either_o turn_v another_o way_n or_o dam_v up_o with_o great_a work_n and_o as_o the_o place_n be_v mountainous_a with_o some_o intermission_n and_o distinction_n of_o valley_n in_o the_o form_n and_o fashion_n of_o a_o cave_n or_o den_n so_o he_o stop_v the_o same_o with_o great_a pile_n beat_v into_o the_o ground_n and_o interlate_v with_o faggot_n and_o hurdle_n and_o then_o strengthen_v with_o earth_n to_o keep_v back_o the_o water_n insomuch_o as_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o seek_v low_a ground_n and_o marish_a place_n and_o there_o to_o sink_v well_n which_o labour_n they_o be_v glad_a to_o undertake_v beside_o their_o daily_a work_n albeit_o these_o well_n stand_v far_o distant_a from_o their_o garrison_n and_o be_v quick_o dry_v up_o with_o heat_n but_o caesar_n army_n be_v in_o exceed_v good_a health_n and_o have_v plenty_n of_o water_n together_o with_o all_o kind_n of_o provision_n except_v wheat_n which_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n daily_o bring_v on_o and_o give_v they_o hope_n of_o store_n harvest_n be_v so_o near_o at_o hand_n in_o this_o new_a course_n of_o war_n new_a policy_n and_o device_n of_o warfare_n be_v invent_v and_o put_v in_o practice_n by_o either_o party_n they_o perceive_v by_o the_o fire_n that_o our_o cohort_n in_o the_o night_n time_n keep_v watch_v at_o the_o work_n come_v steal_v out_o and_o discharge_v all_o their_o arrow_n upon_o they_o and_o then_o present_o retreat_v wherewith_o our_o man_n be_v warn_v find_v out_o this_o remedy_n that_o they_o make_v their_o fire_n in_o one_o place_n and_o keep_v their_o watch_n in_o another_o the_o first_o observation_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o matter_n of_o attempt_n do_v much_o import_n the_o fortune_n of_o a_o war_n we_o may_v not_o omit_v to_o take_v notice_n
dictator_n caesar_n caius_n princeps_fw-la &_o domitius_n nero_n infausto_fw-la ut_fw-la omnium_fw-la patuit_fw-la exâ—tu_fw-la incepto_fw-la king_n demetrius_n caesar_n the_o dictator_n caiâ—s_v the_o prince_n and_o domitius_n nero_n all_o of_o they_o attempt_v to_o draw_v through_o this_o neck_n of_o land_n with_o a_o navigable_a channel_n without_o any_o success_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o issue_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n sâ—sostris_n and_o since_o in_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o ottoman_n they_o go_v about_o to_o bring_v the_o red_a sea_n into_o nile_n but_o fear_v it_o will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o drown_v the_o land_n one_o sea_n be_v low_a than_o another_o they_o give_v over_o the_o enterprise_n and_o it_o may_v be_v upon_o like_a consideration_n or_o otherwise_o fear_v to_o correct_v the_o work_n of_o nature_n they_o forbear_v to_o make_v a_o passage_n between_o nombre_fw-fr ac_fw-la dios_n and_o panama_n and_o so_o to_o join_v one_o sea_n to_o the_o other_o as_o be_v say_v to_o be_v intend_v chap._n xxi_o a_o accident_n which_o fall_v out_o by_o two_o brethren_n of_o savoy_n in_o caesar_n army_n there_o be_v in_o caesar_n camp_n two_o brethren_n of_o savoy_n caesar_n roscillus_n and_o aegus_n the_o son_n of_o adbucillus_fw-la who_o for_o many_o year_n together_o be_v account_v the_o principal_a and_o chief_a man_n of_o that_o state_n these_o be_v man_n of_o singular_a worth_n and_o have_v do_v caesar_n very_o great_a service_n in_o all_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n and_o in_o that_o respect_n caesar_n have_v advance_v they_o to_o great_a &_o honourable_a charge_n in_o their_o country_n and_o cause_v they_o extraordinary_o to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o number_n of_o the_o senator_n and_o bestow_v much_o of_o the_o enemy_n land_n upon_o they_o beside_o great_a sum_n of_o ready_a money_n and_o of_o poor_a have_v make_v they_o rich_a these_o man_n be_v not_o only_o well_o respect_v by_o caesar_n but_o be_v in_o good_a account_n throughout_o all_o the_o army_n howbeit_o rely_v too_o much_o on_o caesaâ—'s_n favour_n and_o puff_v up_o with_o foolish_a and_o barbarous_a arrogancy_n they_o disdain_v their_o own_o man_n deceive_v the_o horseman_n of_o their_o pay_n and_o avert_v all_o pillage_n from_o public_a distribution_n to_o their_o own_o particular_a the_o horseman_n provoke_v with_o these_o injury_n come_v all_o to_o caesar_n and_o complain_v open_o thereof_o add_v far_a that_o their_o troop_n be_v not_o full_a nor_o answerable_a to_o the_o list_n or_o muster-role_n by_o which_o they_o require_v payment_n caesar_n think_v it_o no_o fit_a time_n of_o punishment_n and_o withal_o attribute_v much_o to_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o man_n put_v off_o the_o whole_a matter_n and_o chide_v they_o private_o for_o make_v a_o gain_n of_o their_o troop_n of_o horse_n will_v they_o to_o expect_v a_o supply_n of_o all_o their_o want_n from_o his_o favour_n according_a as_o their_o service_n have_v well_o deserve_v nevertheless_o the_o matter_n bring_v they_o into_o great_a scandal_n and_o contempt_n with_o all_o man_n which_o they_o plain_o perceive_v both_o by_o the_o speech_n of_o other_o man_n as_o also_o by_o that_o they_o may_v judge_v themselves_o milone_n their_o own_o conscience_n accuse_v they_o with_o which_o reproach_n and_o shame_n they_o be_v so_o move_v and_o think_v peradventure_o that_o they_o be_v not_o quit_v thereof_o but_o defer_v until_o some_o other_o time_n that_o they_o resolve_v to_o leave_v the_o army_n to_o seek_v new_a fortune_n and_o make_v proof_n of_o other_o acquaintance_n and_o have_v impart_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o few_o of_o their_o follower_n to_o who_o they_o dare_v communicate_v so_o great_a a_o disloialty_n first_o they_o go_v about_o to_o kill_v c._n volusenus_n general_n of_o the_o horse_n as_o after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v be_v discover_v that_o they_o may_v come_v to_o pompey_n upon_o some_o deserve_a service_n but_o after_o they_o find_v it_o hard_o to_o accomplish_v they_o take_v up_o as_o much_o money_n as_o they_o can_v borrow_v as_o though_o they_o mean_v to_o have_v pay_v their_o troop_n what_o they_o former_o have_v defraud_v they_o of_o and_o have_v bring_v many_o horse_n they_o go_v to_o pompey_n together_o with_o such_o as_o be_v acquaint_v with_o their_o purpose_n pompey_n find_v they_o gentleman_n of_o sort_n liberal_o bring_v up_o attend_v with_o a_o great_a retinue_n and_o many_o horse_n and_o both_o of_o they_o very_o valiant_a and_o in_o good_a account_n with_o caesar_n and_o withal_o for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o unusual_a and_o strange_a accident_n he_o lead_v they_o about_o the_o work_n and_o show_v they_o all_o the_o fortification_n for_o before_o that_o time_n no_o man_n either_o soldier_n or_o horseman_n have_v flee_v from_o caesar_n to_o pompey_n whereas_o daily_o they_o come_v from_o pompey_n to_o caesar_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v enroll_v in_o epirus_n and_o aetolia_n which_o country_n be_v at_o caesar_n devotion_n these_o two_o brethren_n exact_o understand_v all_o thing_n in_o caesar_n camp_n as_o well_o concern_v such_o work_n as_o be_v perfect_a as_o such_o other_o wherein_o man_n skilful_a in_o war_n may_v find_v defect_n together_o with_o the_o opportunity_n of_o time_n and_o distance_n of_o place_n as_o also_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o guard_n with_o the_o nature_n and_o endeavour_n of_o every_o man_n that_o have_v a_o charge_n relate_v all_o particular_o to_o pompey_n observation_n we_o may_v here_o observe_v the_o sincerity_n and_o direct_a carriage_n of_o inferior_a commander_n in_o the_o roman_a army_n by_o the_o scandal_n these_o two_o sâ—voâ—ens_n run_v into_o for_o make_v false_a muster_n and_o defraud_v the_o soldier_n of_o their_o due_n a_o matter_n so_o ordinary_a in_o these_o our_o time_n as_o custom_n seem_v to_o justify_v the_o abuse_n for_o what_o more_o common_a in_o the_o course_n of_o our_o modern_a war_n then_o to_o make_v gain_n of_o company_n by_o muster_v more_o than_o they_o have_v in_o pay_n and_o by_o turn_v that_o which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o soldier_n to_o their_o own_o benefit_n the_o first_o whereof_o if_o it_o be_v due_o weigh_v be_v a_o offence_n of_o a_o high_a nature_n against_o the_o state_n and_o the_o second_o such_o a_o injury_n to_o the_o soldier_n as_o can_v hardly_o be_v answer_v it_o be_v merry_o as_o i_o take_v it_o aid_n by_o columella_n that_o in_o foro_fw-la concessunâ—_n latrocinium_fw-la robbery_n be_v lawful_a in_o course_n at_o law_n but_o for_o those_o to_o who_o be_v commit_v the_o safety_n of_o a_o kingdom_n to_o betray_v the_o trust_n repose_v in_o they_o by_o raise_v their_o mean_n with_o dead_a pay_v and_o consequent_o stead_v the_o cause_n with_o dead_a service_n as_o also_o by_o disable_n their_o companion_n and_o fellow-soldier_n from_o do_v those_o duty_n which_o be_v requisite_a for_o want_v of_o due_a entertainment_n be_v a_o thing_n deserve_v a_o heavy_a censure_n and_o will_v doubtless_o fall_v out_o unto_o they_o as_o it_o do_v to_o these_o two_o brethren_n the_o sequel_n whereof_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o story_n cyâ—op_n and_o confirm_v that_o of_o xenophon_n dii_fw-la haud_fw-la impunita_fw-la relinquunt_fw-la impâ—a_fw-la &_o nefaria_fw-la hominum_fw-la facta_fw-la the_o god_n do_v not_o suffer_v the_o impiety_n and_o wickedness_n of_o man_n to_o escape_v unpunished_a chap._n xxii_o pompey_n attempt_v to_o break_v out_o put_v caesar_n party_n to_o great_a loss_n pompey_n be_v inform_v of_o these_o thing_n caesar_n &_o have_v former_o resolve_v to_o break_v out_o as_o be_v already_o declare_v give_v order_n to_o the_o soldier_n to_o make_v they_o cover_n for_o their_o morion_n of_o osier_n and_o to_o get_v some_o store_n of_o bavin_n and_o faggot_n which_o be_v prepare_v he_o ship_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o light-armed_n soldier_n and_o archer_n together_o with_o those_o faggot_n in_o skiff_n and_o galley_n and_o about_o midnight_n he_o draw_v threescore_o cohort_n out_o of_o the_o great_a camp_n and_o the_o place_n of_o garrison_n and_o send_v they_o to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o â—ortification_n which_o be_v next_o unto_o the_o sea_n and_o far_a off_o from_o caesar_n great_a camp_n thither_o also_o he_o send_v the_o ship_n beforementioned_a fill_v with_o light-armed_n man_n and_o faggot_n together_o with_o as_o many_o other_o galley_n as_o be_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la and_o give_v direction_n how_o every_o man_n shall_v employ_v himself_o caesar_n have_v leave_v lentulus_n marcellinus_n the_o treasurer_n with_o the_o legion_n new_o enroll_v to_o keep_v that_o fortification_n who_o for_o that_o he_o be_v sickly_a and_o of_o a_o ill_a disposition_n of_o body_n have_v substitute_v fulvius_n posthumus_n as_o his_o coadjutor_n there_o be_v in_o that_o place_n a_o â—rench_n of_o fifteen_o foot_n deep_a and_o a_o rampire_n against_o the_o enemy_n of_o ten_o foot_n in_o 〈◊〉_d and_o as_o much_o in_o breadth_n and_o about_o six_o hundred_o
legion_n that_o have_v lose_v many_o centurion_n and_o be_v very_o weak_a in_o soldier_n towards_o pompey_n legion_n and_o the_o lesser_a camp_n in_o a_o double_a battle_n neither_o do_v his_o opinion_n deceive_v he_o for_o he_o come_v thither_o before_o pompey_n can_v perceive_v it_o and_o albeit_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o camp_n be_v great_a yet_o assault_v it_o speedy_o with_o the_o left_a cornet_n wherein_o he_o himself_o be_v he_o drive_v pompey_n soldier_n from_o the_o rampire_n there_o stand_v a_o eâ—itius_n turn-pike_n in_o the_o gate_n which_o give_v occasion_n of_o resistance_n for_o a_o while_n and_o as_o our_o man_n will_v have_v enter_v they_o valiant_o defend_v the_o camp_n t._n pulcio_n by_o who_o mean_n c._n antonius_n army_n be_v betray_v as_o we_o have_v former_o declare_v fight_v there_o most_o valiant_o yet_o nevertheless_o our_o man_n overcome_v they_o by_o valour_n and_o cut_v up_o the_o turn-pike_n enter_v first_o into_o the_o great_a camp_n and_o afterward_o into_o the_o castle_n and_o slay_v many_o that_o resist_v of_o the_o legion_n that_o be_v force_v thither_o but_o fortune_n that_o can_v do_v much_o in_o all_o thing_n and_o special_o in_o war_n do_v in_o a_o small_a moment_n of_o time_n bring_v great_a alteration_n as_o it_o then_o happen_v for_o the_o cohort_n of_o caesar_n right_a cornet_n ignorant_a of_o the_o place_n follow_v the_o rampire_n which_o go_v along_o from_o the_o camp_n to_o the_o river_n seek_v after_o the_o gate_n and_o take_v it_o to_o be_v the_o rampire_n of_o the_o camp_n but_o when_o they_o perceive_v that_o it_o join_v to_o the_o river_n they_o present_o get_v over_o it_o no_o man_n resist_v they_o and_o all_o the_o cavalry_n follow_v after_o those_o cohort_n observation_n pompey_n have_v clear_v his_o army_n of_o that_o siege_n it_o boot_v not_o caesar_n to_o prosecute_v his_o purpose_n any_o long_o for_o when_o the_o end_n be_v miss_v for_o which_o any_o course_n be_v undertake_v it_o be_v folly_n to_o seek_v it_o by_o that_o mean_n we_o must_v rather_o choose_v new_a way_n that_o may_v lead_v we_o to_o the_o end_n of_o our_o hope_n then_o follow_v the_o old_a tract_n which_o sort_v to_o no_o effect_n and_o yet_o nevertheless_o the_o sufficiency_n of_o the_o general_n be_v no_o way_n disable_v for_o 〈…〉_z albeit_o a_o wise_a man_n do_v not_o always_o keep_v one_o pace_n yet_o still_o he_o hold_v one_o and_o the_o same_o way_n second_o that_o of_o xerxes_n appear_v to_o be_v true_a that_o great_a attempt_n be_v always_o make_v with_o great_a difficulty_n and_o danger_n wherein_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o heathen_a world_n ascribe_v all_o to_o fortune_n herodot_n as_o the_o sole_a cause_n of_o all_o remarkable_a event_n 7._o and_o that_o which_o fill_v up_o both_o the_o page_n of_o all_o the_o book_n wherein_o man_n note_v the_o course_n of_o thing_n clades_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la acceptae_fw-la non_fw-la semper_fw-la ignaviae_fw-la sed_fw-la aliquando_fw-la fortunae_fw-la temeritati_fw-la sunt_fw-la imputandae_fw-la loss_n receive_v in_o war_n be_v not_o always_o to_o be_v impute_v to_o slothful_a carriage_n but_o oftentimes_o to_o the_o temerity_n of_o fortune_n say_v archidamus_n and_o be_v that_o which_o be_v aim_v at_o by_o caesar_n chap._n xxiiii_o the_o â—ight_n continue_v and_o caesar_n lose_v in_o the_o mean_a while_n pompey_n caesar_n after_o so_o long_a a_o respite_n of_o time_n have_v notice_n thereof_o take_v the_o first_o legion_n from_o their_o work_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o succour_v their_o fellow_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n his_o cavalry_n do_v approach_v near_o our_o horseman_n and_o our_o man_n that_o possess_v the_o camp_n do_v discover_v a_o army_n imbattel_v come_v against_o they_o and_o all_o thing_n be_v sudden_o change_v for_o pompey_n legion_n assure_v with_o a_o speedy_a hope_n of_o succour_n begin_v to_o make_v resistance_n at_o the_o decumane_a gate_n and_o voluntary_o charge_v our_o man_n caesar_n cavalry_n be_v get_v over_o the_o rampire_n into_o a_o narrow_a passage_n fear_v how_o they_o may_v retreat_v in_o safety_n begin_v to_o fly_v away_o the_o right_a cornet_n seclude_v and_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o left_a perceive_v the_o terror_n of_o the_o horseman_n lest_o they_o may_v be_v endanger_v within_o the_o fortification_n betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o other_o side_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v and_o most_o of_o they_o lest_o they_o shall_v be_v surprise_v in_o the_o straits_n cast_v themselves_o over_o work_n of_o ten_o foot_n high_a into_o the_o ditch_n and_o such_o as_o first_o get_v over_o be_v tread_v under_o foot_n by_o such_o as_o follow_v after_o the_o rest_n save_v themselves_o in_o pass_v over_o their_o body_n the_o soldier_n of_o the_o left_a cornet_n perceive_v from_o the_o rampire_n that_o pompey_n be_v at_o hand_n and_o that_o their_o own_o side_n flee_v away_o fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v be_v shut_v up_o in_o those_o straits_n have_v the_o enemy_n both_o without_o and_o within_o they_o think_v it_o their_o best_a course_n to_o return_v back_o the_o same_o way_n they_o come_v whereby_o there_o happen_v nothing_o but_o tumult_n fear_n and_o flight_n insomuch_o as_o when_o caesar_n catch_v hold_v with_o his_o hand_n of_o the_o ensign_n of_o they_o that_o sle_z and_o command_v they_o to_o stand_v some_o for_o fear_v leave_v their_o ensign_n behind_o they_o other_o forsake_v their_o horse_n keep_v on_o their_o course_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o one_o of_o they_o that_o will_v stand_v notwithstanding_o in_o this_o so_o great_a a_o calamity_n and_o mishap_n these_o help_n fall_v out_o to_o relieve_v we_o when_o the_o whole_a army_n be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v cut_v off_o that_o pompey_n fear_v some_o treachery_n for_o that_o as_o i_o think_v it_o happen_v beyond_o his_o expectation_n who_o a_o little_a before_o see_v his_o man_n fly_v out_o of_o his_o camp_n dare_v not_o for_o a_o good_a while_n approach_n near_o the_o fortification_n and_o our_o man_n possess_v the_o narrow_a passage_n and_o the_o port_n do_v hinder_v the_o horseman_n from_o follow_v after_o and_o so_o a_o small_a matter_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v of_o great_a moment_n in_o the_o carriage_n of_o that_o accident_n on_o either_o side_n for_o the_o rampire_n which_o be_v carry_v from_o the_o camp_n to_o the_o river_n pompey_n camp_n be_v already_o take_v be_v the_o only_a hindrance_n of_o caesar_n expedite_a and_o easy_a victory_n and_o the_o same_o thing_n hinder_v the_o speedy_a follow_v of_o their_o horseman_n be_v the_o only_a safety_n and_o help_n of_o our_o man_n in_o those_o two_o fight_n there_o be_v want_v of_o caesar_n man_n nine_o hundred_o and_o threescore_o and_o horseman_n of_o note_n r._n felginas_fw-la tuticanus_n gallus_n a_o senator_n son_n c._n felginas_fw-la of_o placentia_n agravius_n of_o puteolis_n sacrativirus_n of_o capua_n ten_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o thirty_o centurion_n but_o the_o great_a part_n of_o these_o perish_v in_o the_o trench_n in_o the_o fortification_n and_o on_o the_o river_n bank_n press_v to_o death_n with_o the_o fear_n and_o â—light_n of_o their_o fellow_n without_o any_o blow_n or_o wound_v give_v they_o there_o be_v lose_v at_o that_o time_n thirty_o two_o military_a ensign_n pompey_n upon_o that_o sight_n be_v salute_v by_o the_o name_n of_o imperator_n which_o title_n he_o then_o obtain_v and_o so_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v style_v afterward_o howbeit_o he_o use_v it_o not_o in_o any_o of_o his_o missive_n nor_o yet_o wear_v any_o laurel_n in_o the_o bundle_n of_o rod_n carry_v before_o he_o labienus_n have_v beg_v all_o the_o captive_n cause_v they_o for_o great_a ostentation_n to_o be_v bring_v out_o in_o public_a and_o to_o give_v the_o more_o assurance_n to_o such_o as_o be_v flee_v thither_o from_o caesar_n party_n call_v they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o fellow-soldier_n in_o great_a derision_n ask_v they_o whether_o old_a soldier_n be_v wont_a to_o fly_v and_o so_o cause_v they_o all_o to_o be_v slay_v pompey_n party_n take_v such_o a_o assurance_n and_o spirit_n upon_o these_o thing_n that_o they_o think_v no_o far_o of_o the_o course_n of_o war_n but_o carry_v themselves_o as_o though_o they_o be_v already_o victor_n not_o respect_v as_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o this_o the_o paucity_n of_o our_o man_n nor_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o straightness_n thereof_o the_o camp_n be_v possess_v and_o the_o doubtful_a terror_n both_o within_o and_o without_o the_o work_n not_o yet_o the_o army_n divide_v into_o two_o part_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v able_a to_o help_v or_o succour_v the_o other_o neither_o yet_o do_v they_o add_v to_o this_o that_o the_o fight_n be_v not_o make_v by_o any_o valiant_a encounter_n or_o in_o form_n of_o battle_n but_o that_o they_o receive_v more_o hurt_n from_o the_o
often_o intend_v not_o to_o deceive_v the_o opinion_n which_o other_o man_n have_v of_o their_o prowess_n and_o valour_n labienus_n second_v this_o speech_n as_o contemn_v caesar_n force_n extol_v pompey_n resolution_n to_o the_o sky_n do_v not_o think_v pompey_n say_v he_o that_o this_o be_v the_o army_n wherewith_o he_o conquer_v gallia_n or_o germania_n i_o be_v present_v myself_o at_o all_o those_o battle_n and_o do_v not_o speak_v rash_o what_o i_o be_o ignorant_a of_o there_o be_v a_o very_a small_a piece_n of_o that_o army_n remain_v a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v dead_a as_o it_o can_v otherwise_o be_v in_o so_o many_o battle_n the_o pestilence_n the_o last_o autumn_n in_o italy_n consume_v many_o of_o they_o many_o be_v go_v home_o and_o many_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o continent_n have_v you_o not_o hear_v that_o the_o cohort_n which_o be_v now_o at_o brundisium_n be_v make_v and_o raise_v of_o such_o as_o remain_v behind_o there_o to_o recover_v their_o health_n these_o 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out_o of_o hebrew_n into_o greek_a by_o 70_o interpreter_n which_o be_v call_v the_o septuagint_n and_o make_v the_o famous_a library_n which_o be_v burn_v in_o these_o war_n the_o father_n of_o this_o young_a ptolemy_n be_v the_o nine_o in_o succession_n from_o the_o first_o and_o at_o his_o death_n make_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n tutor_n to_o his_o child_n his_o elder_a son_n and_o cleopatra_n his_o daughter_n reign_v together_o six_o year_n but_o in_o the_o end_n fall_v to_o strife_n and_o war_n and_o be_v deep_o engage_v therein_o when_o pompey_n arrive_v but_o short_o after_o caesar_n so_o order_v the_o difference_n that_o he_o set_v the_o crown_n upon_o cleopatra_n head_n who_o hold_v it_o peaceable_o until_o she_o come_v to_o play_v that_o tragical_a part_n with_o antony_n which_o be_v end_v the_o kingdom_n be_v then_o reduce_v to_o a_o province_n under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n concern_v this_o miserable_a end_n of_o pompey_n it_o be_v true_o say_v of_o seneca_n 67._o that_o death_n be_v alike_o to_o all_o for_o although_o the_o way_n be_v divers_a by_o which_o it_o happen_v yet_o they_o all_o meet_v in_o the_o same_o end_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o plutarch_n have_v describe_v particular_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o catastrophe_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o insert_v his_o relation_n thereof_o when_o pompey_n hear_v news_n that_o king_n ptolemy_n be_v in_o the_o city_n of_o pelusium_n with_o his_o army_n rompeii_n make_v war_n against_o his_o sister_n he_o go_v thither_o and_o send_v a_o messenger_n before_o unto_o the_o king_n to_o advertise_v he_o of_o his_o arrival_n and_o to_o entreat_v he_o to_o receive_v he_o king_n ptolemy_n be_v then_o but_o a_o young_a man_n insomuch_o that_o one_o photinus_n govern_v all_o the_o whole_a realm_n under_o he_o he_o assemble_v a_o
first_o so_o he_o ask_v he_o what_o be_v he_o that_o be_v dead_a and_o bury_v there_o but_o straight_o fetch_v a_o great_a sigh_n alas_o say_v he_o perhaps_o it_o be_v pompey_n the_o great_a then_o he_o land_v a_o little_a and_o be_v straight_o take_v and_o slay_v this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o pompey_n the_o great_a not_o long_o after_o caesar_n also_o come_v into_o egypt_n that_o be_v in_o great_a war_n where_o pompey_n head_n be_v present_v unto_o he_o but_o he_o turn_v his_o head_n aside_o and_o will_v not_o see_v it_o and_o abhor_v he_o that_o bring_v it_o as_o a_o detestable_a murderer_n then_o take_v his_o ring_n wherewith_o he_o seal_v his_o letter_n whereupon_o be_v grave_v a_o lion_n hold_v a_o sword_n he_o burst_v out_o a_o weep_v achillas_n and_o photinus_n he_o put_v to_o death_n king_n ptolemy_n himself_o also_o be_v overthrow_v in_o battle_n by_o the_o river_n of_o nilus_n vanish_v away_o and_o be_v never_o hear_v of_o after_o theodotus_n the_o rhetorician_n escape_v caesar_n hand_n and_o wander_v up_o and_o down_o egypt_n in_o great_a misery_n despise_v of_o every_o man_n afterward_o marcus_n brutus_n who_o slay_v caesar_n conquer_a asia_n meet_v with_o he_o by_o chance_n and_o put_v he_o to_o all_o the_o torment_n he_o can_v possible_o devise_v at_o the_o length_n slay_v he_o the_o ash_n of_o pompey_n body_n be_v afterward_o bring_v unto_o his_o wife_n cornelia_n who_o bury_v they_o in_o a_o town_n of_o she_o by_o the_o city_n of_o alba._n and_o have_v in_o this_o manner_n pay_v the_o tribute_n which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v exact_a est_fw-la the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n do_v free_a his_o sepulchre_n from_o any_o further_a disturbance_n mortalium_fw-la ubi_fw-la corpus_fw-la demortui_fw-la hominis_fw-la condas_fw-la sacer_fw-la esto_fw-la let_v that_o place_n be_v sacred_a â—_o where_o the_o body_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n be_v bury_v only_o this_o may_v be_v add_v 100_o that_o as_o fabius_n be_v call_v maximus_n scipio_n magnus_n and_o pompey_n magnus_n which_o title_n they_o carry_v as_o mark_n of_o special_a nobleness_n to_o raise_v they_o above_o the_o common_a worth_n of_o man_n so_o their_o end_n make_v they_o even_o with_o the_o low_a of_o the_o state_n according_a to_o that_o of_o seneca_n intervallis_fw-la distinguimur_fw-la exitu_fw-la aquamur_fw-la here_o we_o be_v distinguish_v by_o distance_n but_o death_n make_v we_o all_o equal_a chap._n xxxvii_o prodigious_a accident_n happen_v upon_o the_o battle_n in_o pharsalia_n caesar_n come_v into_o egypt_n caesar_n come_v into_o asia_n stile_n find_v t._n ampius_n go_v about_o to_o take_v the_o money_n out_o of_o the_o temple_n of_o diana_n at_o ephesus_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n to_o have_v call_v together_o all_o the_o senator_n that_o be_v in_o the_o province_n that_o he_o may_v use_v they_o as_o witness_n in_o the_o matter_n but_o be_v interrupt_v by_o caesar_n arrival_n he_o flee_v away_o so_o that_o two_o several_a time_n the_o money_n be_v save_v at_o ephesus_n by_o caesar_n mean_n it_o be_v further_o find_v very_o certain_a that_o in_o the_o temple_n of_o minerva_n at_o elis_n a_o just_a calculation_n of_o the_o time_n be_v take_v the_o same_o day_n that_o caesar_n overthrow_v pompey_n the_o image_n of_o victory_n which_o stand_v before_o minerva_n and_o look_v towards_o her_o portraiture_n do_v turn_v itself_o towards_o the_o portall_n and_o the_o temple-gate_n and_o the_o same_o day_n likewise_o there_o be_v such_o a_o noise_n of_o a_o army_n twice_o hear_v at_o antioch_n in_o syria_n and_o such_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n that_o the_o city_n run_v in_o arm_n to_o keep_v the_o wall_n the_o like_a happen_v at_o ptolemais_n and_o likewise_o at_o pergamus_n in_o the_o remote_a and_o hide_a place_n of_o the_o temple_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d into_o which_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o enter_v but_o the_o priest_n be_v bell_n hear_v to_o ring_n beside_o at_o tralles_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o victory_n where_o they_o have_v set_v up_o a_o statue_n to_o caesar_n there_o be_v show_v a_o palmtree_n which_o in_o those_o day_n be_v grow_v from_o between_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o stone_n out_o of_o the_o pavement_n caesar_n stay_v a_o few_o day_n in_o asia_n hear_v that_o pompey_n be_v see_v at_o cyprus_n and_o conjecture_v he_o go_v into_o egypt_n for_o the_o amity_n and_o correspondency_n he_o have_v with_o that_o kingdom_n beside_o other_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n he_o come_v to_o alexandria_n with_o two_o legion_n one_o that_o he_o command_v to_o follow_v he_o out_o of_o thessaly_n and_o another_o which_o he_o have_v call_v out_o of_o achaia_n from_o fusius_fw-la a_o legate_n together_o with_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n ten_o galley_n of_o rhodes_n and_o a_o few_o ship_n of_o asia_n in_o these_o legion_n be_v not_o above_o three_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o man_n the_o rest_n be_v either_o wound_v in_o the_o sight_n or_o spend_v with_o travel_n and_o the_o length_n of_o the_o journey_n but_o caesar_n trust_v to_o the_o fame_n of_o his_o great_a exploit_n do_v not_o doubt_v to_o go_v with_o these_o weak_a force_n think_v every_o place_n will_v entertain_v he_o with_o safety_n at_o alexandria_n he_o understand_v of_o pompey_n death_n memphis_n and_o as_o he_o be_v go_v out_o of_o the_o ship_n he_o hear_v a_o clamour_n of_o the_o souldâ—ers_n which_o the_o king_n have_v leave_v to_o keep_v the_o town_n and_o see_v a_o concourse_n of_o people_n gather_v about_o he_o because_o the_o bundle_n of_o rod_n be_v carry_v before_o he_o all_o the_o multitude_n cry_v out_o that_o the_o king_n authority_n be_v diminish_v this_o tumult_n be_v appease_v there_o be_v often_o uproar_n and_o commotion_n of_o the_o people_n for_o every_o day_n after_o and_o many_o soldier_n be_v slay_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o city_n whereupon_o caesar_n give_v order_n for_o other_o legion_n to_o be_v bring_v he_o out_o of_o asia_n which_o he_o raise_v and_o enrol_v of_o pompey_n soldier_n he_o himself_o be_v staâ—ed_v by_o the_o wind_n call_v etesiae_n which_o be_v against_o they_o that_o sail_n from_o alexandria_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o conceive_v that_o if_o the_o controversy_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o sister_n do_v appertain_v to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n then_o consequent_o to_o he_o as_o consul_n and_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o it_o concern_v his_o office_n for_o that_o in_o his_o former_a consulship_n there_o be_v a_o league_n make_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o senate_n with_o ptolemey_n the_o father_n in_o regard_n hereof_o he_o signify_v that_o his_o pleasure_n be_v that_o both_o the_o king_n and_o his_o sister_n cleopatra_n shall_v dismiss_v their_o army_n and_o rather_o plead_v their_o cause_n before_o he_o then_o to_o decide_v it_o by_o arm_n there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n one_o photinus_n a_o eunuch_n that_o have_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o kingdom_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o child_n he_o first_o begin_v to_o complain_v among_o his_o friend_n &_o to_o take_v it_o in_o scorn_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v call_v out_o to_o plead_v his_o cause_n and_o afterward_o have_v get_v some_o assistance_n of_o the_o king_n friend_n he_o draw_v the_o army_n secret_o from_o pelusium_n to_o alexandria_n and_o make_v achillas_n former_o mention_v general_n of_o all_o the_o force_n incite_v he_o forward_o as_o well_o by_o his_o own_o promise_n as_o from_o the_o king_n and_o instruct_v he_o by_o letter_n and_o messenger_n what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v ptolemey_n the_o father_n by_o his_o last_o wâ—ll_n and_o testament_n have_v leave_v for_o heir_n the_o elder_a of_o two_o son_n and_o likewise_o the_o elder_a of_o two_o daughter_n and_o for_o the_o confirmation_n thereof_o have_v in_o the_o same_o will_n charge_v and_o require_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n by_o all_o the_o god_n &_o by_o the_o league_n he_o make_v at_o rome_n to_o see_v this_o accomplish_a for_o which_o purpose_n he_o send_v a_o copy_n of_o his_o will_n to_o rome_n to_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o treasury_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o public_a occasion_n that_o admit_v no_o such_o business_n for_o the_o present_a be_v leave_v with_o pompey_n and_o the_o original_a sign_v and_o seal_v up_o be_v bring_v to_o alexandria_n while_o caesar_n be_v handle_v these_o thing_n be_v very_o desirous_a to_o end_v these_o controversy_n by_o arbitrement_n it_o be_v tell_v he_o on_o a_o sudden_a that_o the_o king_n army_n and_o all_o the_o cavalry_n be_v come_v to_o caesar_n force_n be_v not_o such_o that_o he_o dare_v trust_v upon_o they_o to_o hazard_v battle_n without_o the_o town_n only_o it_o remain_v that_o he_o keep_v himself_o in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v most_o fit_a and_o convenient_a for_o he_o within_o
the_o town_n and_o to_o learn_v what_o achillas_n intend_v howsoever_o he_o command_v all_o the_o soldier_n to_o arm_n and_o exhort_v the_o king_n that_o of_o those_o which_o be_v near_a unto_o he_o and_o of_o great_a authority_n he_o will_v send_v some_o to_o achillas_n to_o know_v his_o meaning_n dioscorides_n &_o serapion_n be_v depute_v thereunto_o have_v be_v both_o ambassador_n at_o rome_n and_o in_o great_a place_n about_o ptolemey_n the_o father_n they_o come_v to_o achillas_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v come_v into_o his_o presence_n and_o before_o he_o will_v hear_v or_o understand_v what_o they_o will_v have_v he_o command_v to_o be_v take_v away_o and_o slay_v of_o who_o one_o have_v receive_v a_o wound_n be_v carry_v away_o by_o his_o own_o people_n for_o dead_a the_o other_o be_v slay_v outright_o whereupon_o caesar_n wrought_v to_o get_v the_o king_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n think_v that_o his_o name_n and_o title_n will_v prevail_v much_o among_o his_o people_n as_o also_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o this_o war_n be_v rather_o move_v by_o the_o private_a practice_n of_o some_o seditious_a thief_n then_o by_o order_n and_o commandment_n from_o the_o king_n observation_n the_o multiplicity_n of_o occasion_n and_o trouble_n which_o happen_v to_o such_o as_o have_v the_o order_n of_o any_o business_n of_o import_n do_v make_v that_o of_o pliny_n often_o remember_v 8._o veteribus_fw-la negotâ—â—s_fw-la nova_fw-la accrâ—scunt_fw-la nec_fw-la tamen_fw-la priora_fw-la peraguntur_fw-la tot_fw-la nexibus_fw-la tot_fw-la quasi_fw-la catenis_fw-la majus_fw-la indy_n occupationum_fw-la agmen_fw-la extenditur_fw-la new_a business_n come_v in_o the_o neck_n of_o old_a and_o yet_o the_o first_o be_v not_o dispatch_v with_o so_o many_o tie_n and_o chain_n as_o it_o be_v be_v the_o troup_n of_o business_n every_o day_n make_v long_a and_o long_o for_o albeit_o pompey_n have_v now_o spend_v his_o malice_n and_o be_v no_o more_o to_o appear_v in_o arm_n against_o caesar_n yet_o his_o hap_n be_v by_o sly_v to_o draw_v he_o as_o it_o be_v by_o way_n of_o revenge_n into_o a_o place_n where_o he_o be_v necessary_o to_o be_v entangle_v in_o a_o dangerous_a war_n to_o thâ—se_a prodigy_n here_o mention_v may_v be_v add_v that_o of_o aulus_n gellius_n 18._o that_o the_o same_o day_n the_o battle_n happen_v there_o fall_v out_o a_o strange_a wonder_n at_o 〈◊〉_d where_o a_o certain_a priest_n call_v cornelius_n of_o noble_a race_n and_o holy_a life_n sudden_o fall_v into_o a_o ecstasy_n and_o say_v he_o see_v a_o great_a battle_n afar_o off_o dart_n and_o pile_n she_o thick_a in_o the_o air_n some_o sly_v and_o some_o pursue_v great_a slaughter_n accompany_v with_o many_o lamentable_a groan_n and_o cry_n and_o in_o the_o end_n cry_v out_o that_o caesar_n have_v get_v the_o victory_n for_o which_o he_o be_v mâ—â—ked_v for_o the_o present_a but_o afterward_o hold_v in_o great_a admiration_n pliny_n make_v the_o small_a increase_n of_o nilus_n to_o be_v a_o fore-teller_n of_o pompey_n death_n 9_o minimumque_fw-la pharsalico_n bello_fw-la veluti_fw-la necem_fw-la magni_fw-la prodâ—gâ—â—_n quodam_fw-la slumine_fw-la aversante_n the_o least_o increase_n of_o nilus_n be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o pharsaliaâ—â—_n battle_n the_o very_a river_n prodigious_o show_v as_o it_o be_v a_o detestation_n of_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o great_a pompey_n chap._n xxxviii_o caesar_n land_v his_o force_n take_v pharus_n and_o cause_v photinus_n to_o be_v slay_v the_o force_n that_o be_v with_o achillas_n be_v neither_o for_o their_o number_n or_o fashion_n of_o man_n or_o use_v and_o experience_n in_o war_n to_o be_v contemn_v for_o he_o have_v twenty_o two_o thousand_o man_n in_o arm_n these_o troop_n consist_v of_o the_o gabinian_a soldier_n which_o be_v now_o grow_v into_o a_o custom_n of_o life_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o egyptian_n and_o have_v forget_v the_o name_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v there_o marry_v wife_n and_o most_o of_o they_o have_v child_n to_o these_o be_v add_v such_o as_o be_v gather_v from_o the_o thief_n and_o robber_n of_o syria_n the_o province_n of_o cilicia_n and_o other_o finitimate_a region_n beside_o many_o banish_a man_n and_o other_o condemn_v to_o die_v that_o flee_v thither_o and_o for_o all_o our_o fugitive_n there_o be_v ever_o a_o sure_a and_o certain_a receipt_n at_o alexandria_n and_o a_o certain_a condition_n of_o life_n for_o upon_o give_v up_o of_o his_o name_n he_o be_v present_o enrol_v a_o soldier_n and_o if_o one_o chance_v to_o be_v take_v and_o apprehend_v by_o his_o master_n he_o be_v present_o rescue_v by_o the_o concourse_n of_o soldier_n who_o be_v all_o in_o the_o same_o condition_n do_v strive_v for_o he_o as_o for_o themselves_o these_o require_v the_o king_n friend_n to_o be_v slay_v these_o be_v accustom_v to_o rob_v rich_a man_n of_o their_o good_n to_o better_a their_o pay_n to_o besiege_v the_o king_n house_n to_o expel_v some_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o to_o send_v for_o other_o home_n according_a to_o a_o old_a custom_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a army_n there_o be_v beside_o two_o thousand_o horse_n that_o have_v be_v of_o ancient_a continuance_n in_o many_o of_o the_o war_n hold_v at_o alexandria_n and_o have_v bring_v back_o ptolemy_n the_o father_n and_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o kingdom_n have_v slay_v bibulus_n two_o son_n and_o have_v make_v war_n with_o the_o egyptian_n and_o this_o use_n and_o knowledge_n they_o have_v of_o war_n achillas_n trust_v to_o these_o force_n and_o contemn_v the_o small_a number_n of_o caesar_n troop_n do_v take_v and_o possess_v alexandria_n and_o further_o assault_v that_o part_n of_o the_o town_n which_o caesar_n hold_v with_o his_o man_n do_v first_o of_o all_o endeavour_n to_o break_v into_o his_o house_n but_o caesar_n have_v dispose_v the_o cohort_n in_o the_o street_n and_o way_n do_v bear_v out_o the_o assault_n at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o seek_v likewise_o at_o the_o port_n and_o it_o come_v at_o length_n to_o a_o very_a forcible_a encounter_n for_o have_v draw_v out_o their_o troop_n the_o fight_n begin_v to_o be_v â—ot_n in_o divers_a street_n and_o lane_n and_o the_o enemy_n in_o great_a troop_n go_v about_o to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o galley_n of_o which_o there_o be_v 50._o find_v there_o that_o be_v send_v to_o serve_v pompey_n and_o return_v home_o again_o after_o the_o battle_n in_o thessalia_n these_o be_v all_o triremes_n and_o quinqueremes_n rig_v and_o ready_a to_o go_v to_o sea_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v twenty_o two_o which_o be_v always_o accustom_v to_o be_v the_o best_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o alexandria_n and_o be_v all_o furnish_v with_o deck_n which_o if_o they_o have_v take_v together_o with_o caesar_n ship_n they_o will_v have_v have_v the_o haven_n and_o the_o sea_n at_o their_o command_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n hinder_v caesar_n from_o succour_n and_o provision_n 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egyptian_n and_o make_v a_o village_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o town_n and_o what_o ship_n soever_o have_v fall_v off_o their_o course_n either_o by_o tempest_n or_o error_n be_v there_o rob_v by_o those_o egyptian_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrow_a entrance_n no_o ship_n can_v come_v into_o the_o haven_n but_o by_o the_o favour_n and_o leave_v of_o they_o that_o hold_v pharus_n caesar_n be_v afraid_a of_o this_o while_o the_o enemy_n be_v busy_a in_o fight_n land_v his_o soldier_n take_v the_o place_n and_o there_o put_v a_o garrison_n whereby_o he_o bring_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o both_o corn_n and_o succour_n may_v safe_o come_v by_o sea_n to_o supply_v he_o for_o he_o have_v send_v to_o all_o the_o confine_a region_n for_o aid_n in_o other_o place_n of_o the_o town_n they_o so_o fight_v that_o they_o give_v over_o at_o length_n upon_o
among_o the_o rude_a people_n as_o one_o that_o be_v ever_o a_o beginner_n of_o new_a design_n take_v with_o his_o own_o and_o drape_n his_o force_n a_o town_n call_v uxellodunum_n which_o have_v be_v former_o in_o his_o tuition_n a_o place_n excellent_o well_o fortify_v by_o the_o natural_a situation_n thereof_o and_o cause_v the_o townsman_n to_o join_v with_o he_o to_o this_o town_n caninius_n forthwith_o come_v and_o perceive_v that_o all_o part_n of_o the_o same_o be_v fortify_v with_o craggy_a cliff_n insomuch_o that_o though_o no_o man_n be_v there_o to_o defend_v it_o yet_o be_v it_o a_o haâ—d_a matter_n for_o man_n in_o their_o armour_n to_o get_v up_o know_v also_o that_o the_o moveable_n of_o the_o townsman_n be_v great_a which_o if_o they_o shall_v go_v about_o to_o carry_v privy_o away_o they_o can_v not_o escape_v either_o our_o horseman_n or_o footman_n he_o divide_v his_o cohort_n into_o three_o part_n and_o make_v three_o camp_n upon_o a_o very_a high_a ground_n from_o which_o by_o degree_n as_o his_o army_n be_v able_a he_o determine_v to_o draw_v a_o rampire_n and_o trench_n round_o about_o the_o town_n the_o townsman_n perceive_v that_o and_o remember_v the_o miserable_a condition_n of_o alexia_n fear_v the_o like_a siege_n luterius_fw-la especial_o who_o have_v taste_v the_o smart_n of_o that_o misfortune_n advise_v they_o to_o lay_v for_o corn_n beforehand_o whereupon_o they_o determine_v by_o general_a consent_n that_o leave_v a_o part_n of_o the_o army_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o town_n luterius_fw-la and_o drape_n with_o the_o best-provided_n shall_v go_v forth_o to_o fetch_v in_o corn_n this_o counsel_n be_v approve_v of_o the_o next_o night_n drape_n and_o luterius_fw-la leave_v two_o thousand_o arm_a man_n behind_o they_o draw_v the_o rest_n out_o of_o the_o town_n after_o a_o few_o day_n be_v abroad_o they_o bring_v in_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o grain_n out_o of_o the_o country_n of_o the_o cadurci_n who_o partly_o be_v willing_a to_o help_v they_o therewith_o and_o partly_o dare_v not_o withstand_v their_o take_n it_o as_o not_o be_v able_a to_o make_v their_o part_n good_a against_o they_o oftentimes_o also_o they_o will_v fly_v out_o in_o the_o night_n and_o assault_v the_o castle_n of_o our_o camp_n upon_o which_o consideration_n c._n caninius_n stay_v the_o make_n of_o fortification_n round_o about_o the_o town_n lest_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v the_o circumvallation_n when_o it_o be_v finish_v or_o else_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o set_v but_o weak_a watch_n in_o so_o many_o place_n at_o once_o when_o they_o have_v get_v together_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o grain_n drape_n and_o luterius_fw-la take_v up_o their_o stand_n not_o above_o ten_o mile_n from_o the_o town_n the_o better_a at_o time_n to_o convey_v it_o in_o and_o they_o part_v the_o charge_n between_o they_o drape_n tarry_v behind_o with_o part_n of_o the_o army_n to_o keep_v the_o camp_n luterius_fw-la drive_v the_o beast_n with_o their_o carriage_n towards_o the_o town_n and_o set_v guard_n there_o for_o his_o defence_n about_o ten_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o night_n purpose_v by_o narrow_a way_n through_o the_o wood_n to_o convey_v the_o corn_n into_o the_o town_n the_o watchman_n of_o our_o camp_n hear_v the_o noise_n of_o their_o foot_n and_o the_o scout_n which_o be_v send_v out_o report_v what_o be_v a_o do_v caninius_n cause_v his_o cohort_n to_o arm_v themselves_o quick_o and_o about_o break_v of_o day_n make_v attempt_v out_o of_o the_o next_o castle_n upon_o the_o forager_n who_o be_v fright_v with_o the_o suddenness_n of_o the_o mischief_n flee_v to_o their_o guard_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o our_o man_n perceive_v they_o fly_v more_o fierce_o upon_o they_o and_o suffer_v none_o to_o be_v take_v alive_a luterius_fw-la flee_v from_o thence_o with_o a_o few_o but_o return_v not_o to_o his_o camp_n after_o this_o good_a success_n caninius_n understand_v by_o his_o prisoner_n that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n be_v behind_o in_o the_o camp_n with_o drape_n not_o above_o twelve_o mile_n off_o which_o when_o he_o have_v learn_v by_o many_o to_o be_v truth_n believe_v that_o one_o of_o the_o general_n already_o put_v to_o flight_n the_o remnant_n of_o the_o army_n be_v terrify_v may_v easy_o be_v overthrow_v he_o think_v it_o a_o great_a piece_n of_o happiness_n that_o none_o escape_v from_o the_o slaughter_n into_o the_o camp_n to_o carry_v tiding_n of_o the_o mishap_n to_o drape_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o see_v there_o be_v no_o danger_n in_o put_v the_o matter_n to_o trial_n he_o send_v all_o his_o horseman_n and_o the_o german_a footman_n swift_a and_o nimble_a fellow_n before_o to_o the_o camp_n of_o his_o enemy_n one_o of_o his_o legion_n he_o leave_v in_o his_o camp_n and_o the_o other_o ease_v of_o all_o carriage_n he_o take_v with_o he_o when_o he_o come_v near_o his_o enemy_n his_o scout_n that_o he_o have_v send_v before_o bring_v word_n that_o as_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n common_o be_v they_o have_v abandon_v the_o high_a ground_n &_o encamp_v themselves_o by_o the_o river_n side_n &_o that_o our_o horse_n and_o the_o german_n have_v fly_v upon_o they_o sudden_o ere_o they_o be_v aware_a and_o charge_v they_o upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o this_o news_n he_o haste_v forward_o with_o his_o legion_n well_o arm_v and_o well_o appoint_v and_o so_o the_o sign_n be_v give_v sudden_o on_o all_o side_n the_o high_a place_n be_v take_v by_o our_o man_n at_o the_o do_v whereof_o the_o german_n and_o our_o cavalry_n see_v the_o ensign_n of_o our_o legion_n fight_v very_o stout_o and_o by_o and_o by_o all_o our_o cohort_n charge_v upon_o they_o round_o so_o that_o in_o the_o conclusion_n they_o be_v all_o either_o slay_v or_o prisoner_n and_o a_o great_a booty_n take_v drape_n himself_o be_v also_o take_v in_o the_o same_o conflict_n caninius_n have_v do_v his_o work_n successful_o without_o almost_o any_o hurt_n at_o all_o to_o his_o soldier_n return_v to_o besiege_v the_o town_n and_o have_v now_o destroy_v his_o enemy_n without_o for_o fear_v of_o who_o he_o can_v not_o before_o divide_v his_o garrison_n nor_o environ_v the_o town_n with_o fortification_n he_o command_v the_o work_n to_o be_v carry_v on_o round_o about_o the_o town_n the_o next_o day_n come_v thither_o c._n fabius_n with_o his_o force_n and_o take_v another_o part_n of_o the_o town_n to_o besiege_v chap._n ix_o caesar_n have_v punish_v guturvatus_n for_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o carnutes_n join_v with_o caninius_n and_o fabius_n before_o vxellodunum_n upon_o his_o deprive_v they_o of_o water_n the_o town_n yield_v caesar_n cut_v off_o their_o right_a hand_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n caesar_n leave_v m._n antonius_n the_o quaestor_n with_o fifteen_o cohort_n among_o the_o bellovaci_n to_o prevent_v any_o new_a confederacy_n among_o they_o for_o the_o future_a and_o he_o himself_o visit_v the_o other_o state_n charge_v they_o with_o mo_z hostage_n and_o with_o comfortable_a word_n raise_v the_o fearful_a heart_n of_o they_o all_o when_o he_o come_v among_o the_o carnutes_n in_o who_o country_n as_o caesar_n have_v declare_v in_o his_o former_a commentary_n the_o war_n first_o of_o all_o begin_v inasmuch_o as_o he_o perceive_v they_o to_o be_v chief_o afraid_a as_o be_v conscious_a to_o themselves_o of_o their_o fault_n to_o the_o intent_n he_o may_v the_o more_o speedy_o deliver_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o state_n from_o fear_n he_o demand_v guturvatus_n the_o ringleader_n of_o that_o mischief_n and_o raiser_n of_o the_o rebellion_n to_o be_v deliver_v unto_o he_o to_o be_v punish_v who_o albeit_o he_o trust_v not_o himself_o with_o his_o own_o countryman_n yet_o all_o man_n make_v so_o diligent_a search_n for_o he_o that_o he_o be_v soon_o find_v out_o and_o bring_v to_o the_o camp_n caesar_n contrary_a to_o his_o own_o nature_n be_v compel_v to_o punish_v he_o whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o by_o the_o importunity_n of_o his_o soldier_n who_o impute_v all_o the_o danger_n and_o loss_n that_o they_o have_v sustain_v by_o this_o war_n unto_o guturvatus_n insomuch_o that_o his_o body_n after_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n whip_v to_o death_n be_v behead_v while_o caesarâ—arried_v â—arried_z here_o he_o be_v advertise_v by_o several_a letter_n from_o caninius_n what_o be_v do_v to_o drape_n and_o luterius_fw-la and_o how_o the_o townsman_n persevere_v in_o their_o resolution_n the_o small_a number_n of_o who_o although_o he_o despise_v yet_o he_o deem_v their_o wilfulness_n worthy_a of_o severe_a punishment_n lest_o they_o may_v give_v occasion_n to_o all_o gallia_n to_o think_v that_o they_o want_v not_o strength_n but_o constancy_n and_o resolution_n to_o withstand_v the_o roman_n or_o leâ—â—_n by_o their_o example_n other_o city_n of_o gallia_n
of_o his_o successful_a design_n have_v be_v found_v thereupon_o there_o be_v great_a advantage_n in_o the_o attempt_v they_o for_o that_o he_o which_o assâ—ileth_v have_v more_o courage_n than_o he_o which_o be_v assail_v and_o always_o believe_v the_o assailant_n to_o be_v the_o strong_a not_o know_v what_o part_n he_o will_v assail_v and_o ever_o jealous_a that_o he_o have_v some_o secret_a intelligence_n brief_o all_o that_o a_o well-exercised_n and_o well-disciplined_n army_n be_v able_a to_o do_v in_o such_o a_o case_n be_v to_o defend_v itself_o but_o where_o be_v new-levied_n soldier_n fall_v out_o great_a disorder_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n he_o take_v so_o much_o care_n to_o fortify_v his_o camp_n very_o strong_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v defend_v it_o and_o all_o his_o baggage_n with_o a_o few_o man_n and_o may_v without_o danger_n execute_v many_o brave_a design_n be_v always_o assure_v of_o his_o retreat_n let_v we_o far_o take_v view_n of_o the_o siege_n of_o uxellodunum_n which_o caesar_n judge_v to_o be_v impregnable_a by_o â—orce_n and_o know_v it_o to_o be_v well_o provide_v of_o corn_n undertake_v by_o a_o great_a &_o dangerous_a labour_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o water_n which_o be_v from_o a_o fountain_n without_o the_o town_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v only_o supply_v which_o the_o besiege_a perceive_v have_v set_v fire_n on_o caesar_n work_n by_o a_o sally_n they_o hinder_v he_o from_o quench_v it_o caesar_n not_o be_v able_a to_o repulse_v they_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n resolve_v to_o make_v a_o assault_n upon_o the_o town_n which_o apprehension_n cause_v they_o to_o retreat_n the_o manner_n of_o our_o modern_a train_n or_o tactick_a practice_n by_o clement_n edmond_n remembrancer_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n forasmuch_o as_o my_o purpose_n be_v to_o make_v this_o task_n of_o observation_n as_o a_o parallel_n to_o our_o modern_a discipline_n i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o mingle_v the_o tactick_a practice_n of_o these_o time_n with_o the_o use_n of_o forego_v age_n but_o rather_o to_o shut_v up_o these_o discourse_n therewith_o as_o the_o second_o line_n of_o this_o warlike_a parallel_n which_o be_v thus_o draw_v in_o the_o best_a fashion_n of_o modern_a art_n in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o marshal_v a_o army_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o especial_o to_o be_v regard_v then_o that_o from_o a_o confuse_a company_n of_o man_n have_v choose_v the_o fit_a for_o the_o war_n we_o shall_v so_o place_v and_o digest_v a_o convenient_a number_n of_o they_o that_o in_o march_n in_o encamp_v in_o battle_n we_o may_v be_v able_a with_o a_o few_o well_o order_v to_o encounter_v a_o far_o great_a army_n in_o confusion_n and_o to_o overthrow_v they_o from_o hence_o aeneas_n do_v define_v the_o art_n of_o war_n to_o be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o warlike_a motion_n before_o this_o unexpert_a army_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o be_v move_v in_o such_o fashion_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o acquaint_v it_o with_o the_o most_o usual_a term_n wherewith_o they_o shall_v be_v often_o command_v into_o diverse_a posture_n as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v for_o as_o in_o the_o art_n of_o fence_v no_o man_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o turn_v and_o wind_v his_o body_n for_o his_o best_a advantage_n to_o offend_v his_o enemy_n or_o defend_v himself_o unless_o first_o his_o master_n shall_v instruct_v he_o in_o the_o several_a part_n and_o posture_n thereof_o so_o every_o soldier_n or_o the_o whole_a troup_n as_o one_o body_n or_o one_o soldier_n shall_v never_o be_v ready_o instruct_v to_o transform_v or_o turn_v itself_o by_o divers_a motion_n into_o different_a form_n unless_o they_o first_o understand_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o front_n and_o flank_n by_o file_n and_o rank_n what_o by_o leader_n and_o follower_n by_o middleman_n and_o bringer_n up_o by_o this_o mean_v each_o soldier_n understanding_n what_o the_o term_n do_v signify_v shall_v ready_o both_o apprehend_v and_o execute_v such_o commandment_n as_o the_o captain_n or_o officer_n shall_v direct_v he_o a_o file_n be_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o man_n follow_v single_o one_o leader_n unto_o the_o depth_n of_o 8_o or_o 10_o file_n as_o they_o shall_v be_v command_v the_o ancient_n have_v call_v this_o file_n seriem_fw-la ordinationem_fw-la or_o decuriam_fw-la it_o consist_v of_o leader_n and_o follower_n place_v according_a to_o their_o worth_n and_o valour_n and_o especial_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v regard_v the_o leader_n or_o decurio_fw-la the_o five_o six_o or_o middleman_n and_o the_o ten_o and_o last_o call_v the_o bringer_n up_z or_o tergiductor_n first_o therefore_o every_o soldier_n be_v apt_o fit_v unto_o his_o several_a arm_n according_a to_o his_o worth_n leader_n age_n and_o stature_n they_o be_v to_o be_v dispose_v into_o several_a file_n wherein_o every_o one_o be_v especial_o to_o acknowledge_v his_o leader_n or_o foremost_a man_n to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o all_o his_o motion_n &_o therefore_o due_o attend_v what_o direction_n shall_v be_v command_v each_o follower_n shall_v according_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o his_o leader_n or_o foremost_a man_n order_z his_o own_o and_o be_v to_o be_v excuse_v if_o he_o attend_v the_o motion_n of_o his_o leader_n before_o he_o move_v himself_o when_o many_o file_n be_v thus_o dispose_v together_o all_o the_o leader_n make_v one_o and_o the_o same_o front_n and_o their_o follower_n observe_v likewise_o one_o and_o the_o same_o proportion_n of_o distance_n before_o and_o after_o and_o on_o each_o side_n these_o file_n thus_o join_v make_v one_o battallion_n battallion_n the_o front_n whereof_o be_v call_v a_o rank_n and_o so_o likewise_o the_o second_o and_o three_o in_o depth_n front_n according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o man_n in_o each_o file_n the_o first_o second_o and_o three_o sideman_n and_o so_o forward_o in_o each_o file_n be_v call_v sideman_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o same_o number_n in_o 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our_o modern_a practice_n most_o familiar_o the_o front_n or_o rank_n the_o breadth_n of_o the_o battallion_n depth_n which_o be_v from_o the_o leader_n to_o the_o bringer-up_a with_o the_o distance_n between_o all_o the_o follower_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o length_n or_o depth_n of_o one_o file_n or_o flank_v in_o the_o dispose_n of_o soldier_n into_o file_n and_o rank_n beside_o their_o observe_v a_o right_a line_n in_o their_o place_n and_o stand_v observe_v we_o must_v likewise_o especial_o respect_v the_o different_a worth_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o every_o one_o according_a to_o his_o worth_n may_v be_v suit_v unto_o his_o proper_a place_n and_o according_o receive_v advancement_n as_o the_o death_n of_o his_o leader_n and_o true_a value_n of_o his_o desert_n by_o his_o commander_n shall_v give_v occasion_n first_o therefore_o there_o must_v be_v especial_a choice_n make_v of_o the_o leader_n of_o each_o file_n rank_n or_o first_o front_n or_o rank_n of_o the_o battallion_n of_o the_o most_o expert_a able_a and_o best-armed_n man_n because_o that_o as_o from_o they_o the_o rest_n be_v to_o receive_v direction_n of_o their_o after-motion_n so_o in_o they_o the_o great_a hope_n of_o the_o day_n do_v consist_v next_o unto_o the_o first_o it_o must_v be_v provide_v that_o the_o bringer_n up_o or_o last_v rank_n call_v tergiductores_fw-la rank_n be_v little_a inferior_a well_o experience_v wise_a and_o valiant_a that_o they_o may_v both_o know_v when_o to_o reprehend_v their_o former_a rank_n and_o urge_v they_o forward_o if_o they_o see_v they_o decline_v or_o yield_v upon_o false_a occasion_n as_o also_o to_o be_v able_a upon_o any_o sudden_a alarm_n give_v in_o the_o rear_n to_o turn_v face_n about_o and_o make_v themselves_o a_o front_n for_o the_o best_a resistance_n neither_o must_v it_o be_v neglect_v concern_v the_o second_o and_o nine_o rank_n rank_n that_o they_o also_o
answer_n to_o the_o three_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n imperator_n 3._o annâ—l_n phil._n 14._o lib._n 2_o epist_n 9_o caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n lib._n 15._o â—aâ—_n cicero_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n lib._n â—_o plin._n lib._n 10_o caesar_n caesar_n tacit._n 12._o annal._n caesar_n caesar_n either_o cambray_n amienâ—_n or_o s._n quintin_n caesar_n caesar_n lib._n 9_o annal._n â—_o 〈◊〉_d câ—â—sar_n lib._n 20_o caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n cambray_n caesar_n brittany_n franckfort_n caesar_n polyb._n lib._n 6._o thirteen_o pound_n sterling_a or_o thereabouts_o horace_n reinforcing_a of_o troop_n decay_v caesar_n caesar_n part_v of_o the_o diocese_n of_o colen_n colen_n to_o arm_v arm_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d exemplary_a justice_n upon_o extraordinary_a service_n the_o soldier_n extraordinary_o reward_v lib._n 1._o civil_a bell_n caesar_n the_o benefit_n and_o use_n of_o â—ouncelâ—_n and_o parliament_n the_o french_a be_v better_a horseman_n than_o footman_n not_o to_o misspend_v the_o time_n in_o unnecessary_a service_n caesar_n caesar_n opinion_n of_o ally_n and_o associate_n chap._n 10._o caesar_n com._n 3._o cap._n 8._o the_o duty_n of_o a_o general_n 〈◊〉_d battle_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 6._o battle_n of_o newport_n in_o the_o life_n of_o caesar_n the_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o a_o shoâ—t_o take_v up_o in_o a_o charge_n or_o assault_v lib._n 1._o lib._n 2._o lib._n 3._o civil_a lib._n 1._o lib._n 3._o cap._n 18._o in_o marius_n life_n caesar_n bridges_n brancatio_fw-la lib._n 5._o whether_o man_n wit_n be_v sharp_a and_o ready_a thâ—n_n in_o former_a time_n polyhymi_n herodot_n hist_o â—_o caesar_n faction_n and_o party_n lib._n 2._o caesar_n potestas_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la &_o necis_fw-la england_n druid_n england_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o curious_a and_o artificial_a work_n oxford_n &_o cambridge_n caesar_n the_o begin_n of_o the_o day_n diverse_o observe_v plutarch_n caesar_n their_o respect_n to_o matter_n of_o state_n tibi_fw-la summam_fw-la rerum_fw-la du_fw-fr dedeâ—â—_n nobis_fw-la obsequii_fw-la gloria_fw-la relata_fw-la est_fw-la tacitus_n caesar_n whether_o a_o civil_a life_n do_v weaken_v a_o warlike_a disposition_n caesar_n fortune_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o sylla_n in_o the_o life_n of_o alexander_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o sylla_n celerity_n &_o expedition_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o pompey_n veni_fw-la vidi_n vici_fw-la lib._n 2._o bell_n civil_a lib._n 1._o bell_n civil_a caesar_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o sertorius_n caesar_n the_o benefit_n of_o open_a encounter_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o sertorius_n caesar_n haâ—nibal_n caesar_n caesar_n câ—nâ—us_fw-la a_o cuneus_n describe_v caesar_n nothing_o ought_v to_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o hazard_n of_o fortune_n caesar_n 〈◊〉_d livy_n lib_n 3_o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o marcellus_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o cicero_n ne_fw-fr quid_fw-la resp_n detrimenti_fw-la capiat_fw-la gallia_n cisalpina_n &_o transâ—lpina_n caesar_n caesar_n orleans_n the_o 〈◊〉_d hooboub_v caesar_n there_o aught_o to_o be_v a_o proportion_n of_o quality_n between_o a_o commander_n and_o his_o soldier_n muâ—â—_n mariani_n such_o a_o master_n such_o a_o servant_n liâ—ie_n caesar_n to_o abuse_v a_o enemy_n by_o way_n of_o stratagem_n commendable_a in_o a_o commander_n commander_n aveugle_n aveugle_n la_fw-fr montagne_fw-fr de_fw-fr geneve_n vitâ—_n caesaris_fw-la plut._n crassus_n caesar_n clermont_n in_o auvergne_n caesar_n go_v always_o provide_v of_o four_o thing_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o 〈◊〉_d comment_fw-fr 3._o comment_fw-fr â—_o caesar_n the_o mean_n which_o the_o roman_n use_v to_o weaken_v a_o enemy_n caesar_n caesar_n ville_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d en_fw-fr la_fw-fr franche_fw-mi conte_z conte_z orâ—â—â—ns_n orâ—â—â—ns_n noyon_n it_o be_v a_o hard_a 〈…〉_z follow_v a_o business_n to_o hit_v that_o course_n which_o may_v most_o advantage_n it_o lib._n 4._o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o fabius_n servus_n a_o 〈◊〉_d polit._n 1_o iliâ—d_n 10._o caesar_n patience_n in_o a_o soldier_n excel_v valour_n liv._o lib._n 6._o plut._n crassus_n boteras_fw-la di_fw-it principe_fw-la caesar_n the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n do_v countervail_v the_o absence_n of_o the_o general_n caesar_n horace_n whether_o severity_n oâ—_n clemency_n do_v more_o avail_v in_o govern_v a_o multitude_n caesar_n the_o use_n and_o practice_n of_o ancient_a time_n in_o besiege_v and_o defend_v town_n the_o manner_n of_o fortification_n in_o use_n in_o these_o day_n fortification_n define_v circular_a fort_n triangular_a fort_n quadrangle_n fort_n five-sided_n and_o six-sided_n fortress_n fort_n in_o a_o plain_a level_n advantage_n disadvantage_n fort_n upon_o a_o hill_n advantage_n disadvantage_n the_o hand_n of_o all_o fort_n caesar_n whether_o there_o need_v not_o as_o many_o man_n to_o defend_v a_o town_n as_o to_o besiege_v it_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o town_n consist_v in_o four_o point_n the_o eye_n of_o the_o master_n feed_v the_o horse_n caesar_n the_o gall_n in_o the_o beginning_n be_v more_o than_o man_n and_o in_o the_o end_n less_o than_o woman_n a_o general_n must_v not_o put_v necessity_n upon_o a_o enemy_n revolter_n be_v in_o the_o condition_n both_o of_o a_o enemy_n and_o of_o a_o offendor_n caesar_n a_o great_a commander_n must_v have_v a_o great_a courage_n homo_fw-la quadratus_fw-la plutarch_n paulus_n aemilia_n plutarch_n it_o be_v dangerous_a to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o a_o counsel_n in_o a_o state_n holinshead_n ut_fw-la felicitas_fw-la rerum_fw-la gestarum_fw-la exercitus_fw-la benevolentiam_fw-la imperatoribus_fw-la ita_fw-la res_fw-la adversae_fw-la odia_fw-la conciliant_fw-la lib._n 3._o bell_n civ_o caesar_n archery_n archery_n thing_n considerable_a touch_v archery_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o fiften_v the_o english_a bowman_n do_v common_o shoot_v a_o arrow_n of_o a_o yard_n long_o beside_o the_o head_n it_o be_v not_o so_o profitable_a to_o intermingle_v bowman_n with_o other_o sort_n of_o weapon_n as_o to_o put_v they_o all_o into_o one_o body_n body_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o cressie_n the_o black_a prince_n lead_v the_o vauward_n have_v the_o archer_n stand_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o hearse_n holinshed_a the_o archery_n work_v two_o effect_n 1._o gall_v the_o enemy_n plut._n crassus_n 2._o disorder_n the_o battle_n of_o cressie_n the_o battle_n of_o agincourt_n harquebuse_v and_o musket_n how_o far_o a_o wing_n of_o shot_n prevail_v how_o far_o a_o sleeve_n of_o archer_n be_v available_a against_o a_o enemy_n genesis_n 27._o 3._o caesar_n non_fw-la minor_fw-la est_fw-la virtus_fw-la quam_fw-la quaeâ—â—re_fw-la pâ—â—ta_fw-la tuerk_n caesar_n the_o mean_n which_o caesar_n use_v to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n elaver_n demptis_fw-la quartis_fw-la quibusque_fw-la cohortibus_fw-la caesar_n gratia_n oneri_fw-la ultio_fw-la in_o quaestu_fw-la habetur_fw-la seneca_n a_o multitude_n be_v easy_o abuse_v by_o false_a suggestion_n phaedo_fw-la platonis_fw-la caesar_n evocati_fw-la who_o they_o be_v caesar_n over_o ill_a act_n beget_v another_o the_o poor_a sort_n of_o people_n do_v embrace_v all_o mean_n of_o innovation_n sallust_n in_o the_o conspiracy_n of_o catiline_n caesar_n it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o begin_v a_o work_n then_o to_o quit_v it_o again_o with_o râ—edit_n livy_n some_o service_n be_v res_fw-la occasionis_fw-la non_fw-la praelii_fw-la caesar_n it_o be_v honourable_a for_o soldier_n to_o keep_v their_o direction_n institution_n of_o cyrus_n â—â—â—sar_n caesar_n reparation_n of_o honour_n what_o it_o be_v plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o marcellus_n lib._n 3._o bell_n civil_a post_fw-la pugnaâ—_n dyrrachianam_fw-la caesar_n neque_fw-la satis_fw-la militibus_fw-la perterritis_fw-la confidebat_fw-la spatiumque_fw-la interponendum_fw-la ad_fw-la recrcandos_fw-mi animos_fw-la putabat_fw-la caesar_n the_o change_n which_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n make_v in_o gallia_n caesar_n he_o that_o will_v do_v thing_n well_o must_v vary_v with_o the_o time_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o fabius_n caesar_n necessary_a for_o a_o general_n to_o understand_v the_o purpose_n of_o the_o enem_n holinshetd_a henry_n 〈◊〉_d the_o fit_a age_n of_o life_n for_o a_o general_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o sectorius_n hist_o 3._o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o marius_n caesar_n three_o chief_a mean_n to_o win_v man_n to_o favour_v a_o matter_n 1._o favour_n or_o friendship_n 2._o authority_n 3._o money_n caesar_n whether_o the_o cavalry_n or_o infantry_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n and_o use_n in_o a_o war_n footman_n fit_a â—o_o more_o service_n than_o horseman_n the_o main_a stroke_n in_o a_o day_n of_o battle_n be_v give_v by_o the_o footman_n the_o use_n of_o horseman_n the_o dictator_n forbid_v the_o use_n of_o a_o horse_n in_o the_o war_n and_o why_o caesar_n one_o event_n be_v not_o so_o certain_a for_o the_o approve_v of_o a_o cause_n as_o when_o it_o be_v second_v with_o another_o of_o like_a condition_n caesar_n justus_n lipsius_n mistake_v 〈◊〉_d lib._n 2._o dial._n 2._o caesar_n what_o number_n of_o man_n be_v a_o competent_a proportion_n for_o any_o service_n plutarch_n in_o the_o
philip_n time_n though_o but_o the_o people_n of_o a_o particular_a city_n be_v honour_v with_o the_o charge_n of_o neocori_n there_o be_v a_o medal_n which_o have_v on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o effigy_n of_o bacchus_n crown_v with_o vine-branche_n inscribe_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d on_o the_o reverse_n that_o of_o philip_n thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o fine_a the_o inhabitant_n of_o ilium_n obtain_v leave_v of_o caesar_n to_o make_v some_o magnificence_n under_o the_o title_n of_o neocori_n to_o honour_v he_o and_o the_o julian_n family_n have_v erect_v in_o memory_n of_o his_o extraction_n from_o anchises_n aeneas_n and_o julus_n some_o colossus_n represent_v the_o posture_n of_o aeneas_n when_o he_o leave_v troy_n do_v a_o signal_n act_n of_o piety_n both_o towards_o the_o god_n and_o man_n have_v the_o palladium_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o carrying_z the_o old_a man_n his_o father_n in_o his_o right_a arm_n as_o woman_n carry_v child_n the_o little_a julus_n march_v before_o have_v his_o hat_n in_o one_o hand_n and_o ask_v his_o father_n the_o way_n with_o the_o other_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v that_o this_o be_v the_o second_o time_n they_o have_v be_v honour_v with_o the_o quality_n and_o commission_n of_o be_v neocori_n and_o that_o they_o have_v celebrate_v the_o solemn_a day_n with_o panegyric_n pomp_n exercise_n and_o other_o magnificence_n befit_v the_o grandeur_n of_o caesar_n the_o wife_n of_o caesar_n his_o first_o wife_n be_v cossutia_n who_o he_o marry_v in_o his_o youth_n but_o divorce_v she_o at_o the_o seventeen_o year_n of_o his_o age_n before_o he_o have_v live_v with_o she_o though_o she_o be_v rich_a and_o descend_v of_o a_o family_n of_o the_o roman_a knight_n the_o second_o be_v cornelia_n the_o daughter_n of_o cornelius_n cinna_n one_o who_o have_v be_v four_o time_n consul_n by_o who_o he_o have_v only_o one_o daughter_n name_v julia_n afterward_o first_o wife_n to_o pompey_n he_o take_v her_o death_n very_o heavy_o and_o public_o commend_v she_o in_o a_o most_o elegant_a funeral_n oration_n the_o three_o be_v pompeia_n the_o daughter_n of_o q._n pompeius_n who_o have_v get_v that_o evil_a report_n as_o if_o publius_n claudius_n have_v be_v somewhat_o too_o familiar_a with_o she_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o caesar_n divorce_v she_o the_o four_o and_o last_o be_v calphurnia_n who_o outlive_v he_o and_o be_v the_o daughter_n of_o lucius_n piso_n a_o woman_n of_o a_o generous_a spirit_n and_o well_o speak_v and_o have_v that_o honour_n and_o affection_n for_o caesar_n that_o after_o his_o death_n she_o herself_o make_v a_o most_o elegant_a funeral_n oration_n to_o his_o honour_n and_o afterward_o retire_v to_o mark_n antony_n the_o medal_n of_o the_o triumvir_n this_o medal_n be_v of_o copper_n small_a of_o the_o greek_a fashion_n it_o represent_v the_o three_o effigy_n of_o caesar_n antonius_n and_o lepidus_n do_v sidewayes_o one_o upon_o another_o on_o the_o same_o side_n without_o inscription_n on_o the_o reverse_v it_o represent_v a_o hermathena_n before_o which_o image_n there_o be_v a_o altar_n out_o of_o which_o issue_v a_o serpent_n that_o lift_v itself_o above_o it_o behind_o there_o be_v a_o legionary_a eagle_n time_n have_v wear_v out_o the_o inscription_n to_o this_o half_a word_n apxiep_n this_o figure_n represent_v mercury_n and_o minerva_n join_v in_o one_o statue_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o upper_a part_n be_v of_o that_o goddess_n arm_v with_o a_o helmet_n buckler_n and_o javeline_n the_o low_a part_n be_v a_o terminus_n or_o hermes_n for_o the_o interpretation_n of_o this_o devise_n this_o hermathena_n comprehend_v in_o it_o the_o god_n terminus_n with_o minerva_n and_o mercury_n denote_v a_o excellent_a union_n as_o to_o affection_n interest_n and_o good_a understanding_n among_o the_o triumvir_n aswell_o for_o the_o management_n and_o conduct_n of_o civil_a affair_n as_o military_a which_o be_v so_o the_o invention_n 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opinion_n be_v also_o theophrastus_n who_o give_v the_o mark_n of_o a_o superstitious_a man_n say_z that_o if_o he_o surprise_v a_o serpent_n in_o any_o place_n he_o present_o raise_v a_o chapel_n or_o a_o altar_n in_o that_o place_n as_o it_o be_v to_o thank_v the_o god_n for_o so_o good_a a_o adventure_n there_o may_v this_o further_a reason_n be_v give_v of_o this_o juncture_n in_o the_o hermathena_n that_o as_o minerva_n have_v a_o dominion_n over_o wrestle_v as_o well_o as_o mercury_n so_o be_v they_o also_o both_o equal_o patron_n of_o traffic_n and_o merchandise_n we_o shall_v divert_v a_o little_a to_o speak_v of_o another_o kind_n of_o statue_n call_v hermheracles_n consist_v the_o low_a part_n of_o hermes_n the_o upper_a of_o hercules_n both_o these_o and_o the_o hermathenas_n be_v place_v in_o the_o place_n of_o public_a exercise_n mercury_n and_o hercules_n imply_v strength_n and_o sleight_n the_o reason_n why_o mercury_n be_v so_o often_o join_v with_o the_o other_o god_n 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reipublicae_fw-la constituendae_fw-la a_o sacrifice_a vessel_n call_v praefericulum_fw-la and_o the_o augurall_a stick_n call_v lituus_fw-la on_o the_o reverse_n there_o be_v l._n plancus_n imp._n cos._n a_o urn_n between_o a_o thunderbolt_n and_o a_o caduceus_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v first_o that_o there_o be_v a_o vessel_n on_o either_o side_n of_o this_o medal_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o say_v that_o that_o on_o one_o side_n with_o the_o lituus_fw-la be_v the_o mark_n of_o a_o augurall_a dignity_n which_o antonius_n obtain_v from_o his_o favourite_n l._n plancus_n be_v consul_n but_o something_o must_v be_v say_v of_o this_o urn_n so_o honourable_o place_v between_o a_o thunderbolt_n and_o a_o caduceus_n on_o the_o other_o appianus_n alexandrinus_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o war_n against_o the_o parthian_n speak_v of_o the_o design_n which_o mark_v antony_n have_v be_v at_o athens_n to_o undertake_v the_o war_n against_o they_o and_o to_o partake_v of_o the_o glory_n may_v follow_v the_o ruine_n of_o so_o great_a and_o powerful_a a_o nation_n say_v that_o to_o satisfy_v the_o admonition_n of_o a_o certain_a oracle_n he_o carry_v with_o he_o a_o vessel_n full_a of_o water_n take_v out_o of_o the_o sacred_a fountain_n which_o be_v in_o that_o city_n call_v clepsydra_n et_fw-la ut_fw-la oraculo_fw-la cuidam_fw-la satisfaceret_fw-la etiam_fw-la è_fw-la clepsydra_n fonte_fw-la vas_fw-la repletum_fw-la aqua_fw-la secum_fw-la asportavit_fw-la this_o fountain_n hesychius_n say_v be_v within_o the_o citadel_n of_o athens_n now_o this_o be_v the_o representation_n of_o that_o vessel_n and_o a_o monument_n of_o the_o transportation_n of_o that_o water_n by_o mark_n antony_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v of_o great_a concernment_n to_o he_o since_o he_o be_v advise_v to_o do_v it_o by_o the_o oracle_n and_o specify_v the_o fountain_n as_o for_o the_o thunderbolt_n and_o caduceus_n they_o signify_v that_o mark_n antony_n shall_v in_o that_o expedition_n make_v a_o thunder_a and_o
dismal_a war_n against_o the_o parthian_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o old_a experience_a legion_n who_o shall_v tread_v underfoot_o the_o parthian_a greatness_n elevate_v against_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o miscarriage_n of_o câ—assus_n and_o his_o flourish_a legion_n or_o those_o barbarian_n shall_v buy_v their_o peace_n very_o dear_a which_o the_o herald_n of_o mark_n antony_n shall_v offer_v they_o with_o the_o caduceus_n in_o their_o hand_n that_o be_v the_o emblem_n of_o a_o assure_a reconciliation_n atilius_n cimber_n we_o shall_v have_v no_o more_o to_o say_v of_o this_o cimber_n than_o we_o have_v of_o brutus_n cassius_n and_o the_o other_o massacrer_n of_o caesar_n be_v it_o not_o that_o his_o medal_n serve_v to_o correct_v divers_a passage_n in_o history_n which_o it_o have_v be_v the_o main_a design_n of_o these_o our_o observation_n to_o clear_v up_o wherein_o his_o name_n be_v corrupt_v all_o who_o have_v mention_v this_o man_n have_v be_v mistake_v in_o his_o name_n except_o appianus_n alexandrinus_n and_o that_o in_o one_o place_n only_o for_o in_o some_o other_o he_o call_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d other_o call_v he_o tillius_n other_o tullius_n or_o annius_n seneca_n epist_n s_o 3_o caiazzo_n caesaris_fw-la caede_fw-la illius_fw-la dico_fw-la qui_fw-la superato_fw-la pompeio_n rempublicam_fw-la tenuit_fw-la tam_fw-la creditum_fw-la est_fw-la tillio_n cimbro_n quam_fw-la cassio_n cassius_n tota_fw-la vita_fw-la aquam_fw-la bibit_fw-la tâ—llius_n cimber_n &_o nimius_fw-la erat_fw-la in_o vino_fw-la &_o scordalus_fw-la in_o hanc_fw-la rem_fw-la jocatus_fw-la est_fw-la ipse_fw-la ego_fw-la inquit_fw-la quenquam_fw-la feram_fw-la qui_fw-la vinum_fw-la far_o non_fw-la possum_fw-la upon_o which_o passage_n which_o give_v a_o strange_a intimation_n of_o the_o vicious_a quality_n of_o this_o man_n pintianus_fw-la say_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v read_v tullius_n cimber_n as_o the_o same_o seneca_n elsewhere_o call_v he_o and_o as_o he_o be_v call_v in_o plutarch_n and_o suetonius_n but_o it_o be_v doubtless_o he_o shall_v be_v call_v atilius_n cimber_n and_o that_o suetonius_n quintilian_n and_o the_o other_o late_a author_n shall_v be_v correct_v as_o have_v trust_v the_o corrupt_a manuscript_n and_o not_o see_v this_o medal_n but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o devise_n on_o the_o reverse_n first_o the_o cap_n signify_v as_o be_v obvious_a to_o any_o one_o the_o liberty_n obtain_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o poniard_n wherewith_o caesar_n who_o oppress_v the_o commonwealth_n be_v dispatch_v the_o wing_n or_o talary_n of_o mercury_n with_o the_o serpent_n and_o the_o rod_n which_o be_v ceremonious_a at_o the_o manumission_n of_o slave_n or_o rather_o the_o wand_n which_o mercury_n make_v use_v of_o to_o conduct_v the_o soul_n deliver_v out_o of_o the_o misery_n of_o this_o life_n to_o their_o expect_a rest_n signify_v that_o the_o diligence_n dexterity_n and_o prudence_n which_o atilius_n cimber_n have_v use_v in_o this_o execution_n have_v restore_v the_o universe_n to_o its_o liberty_n the_o roman_n from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o caesar_n and_o have_v establish_v peace_n and_o tranquillity_n in_o all_o family_n the_o conduct_n and_o assistance_n of_o mercury_n to_o the_o depart_a soul_n with_o this_o wand_n be_v express_v by_o statius_n in_o these_o verse_n summa_fw-la pedum_fw-la propere_fw-la plantaribus_fw-la illigat_fw-la alis_fw-la obnubitque_fw-la comas_fw-la &_o temperate_a astra_fw-la galero_fw-la tum_o dextrae_fw-la virgam_fw-la inseruit_fw-la qua_fw-la pellere_fw-la dulces_fw-la aut_fw-la suadere_fw-la iterum_fw-la somnos_fw-la qua_fw-la nigra_fw-la subire_fw-la tartara_fw-la &_o exsangues_fw-fr animare_fw-la adsueverat_fw-la umbras_fw-la there_o be_v yet_o another_o thing_n whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o mercury_n be_v a_o god_n very_o ancient_o esteem_v well-affected_a to_o liberty_n which_o be_v that_o in_o the_o isle_n of_o crect_n now_o candia_n they_o celebrate_v a_o anniversary_n with_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o honour_n of_o this_o god_n wherein_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o saturnal_n at_o rome_n slave_n and_o servant_n have_v all_o manner_n of_o liberty_n and_o be_v magnificent_o wait_v on_o at_o table_n by_o their_o master_n as_o athenaeus_n affirm_v l._n 14._o on_o the_o other_o side_n we_o have_v this_o inscription_n atilius_n cimber_n a_o man_n beyond_o middle-aged_a with_o a_o great_a beard_n and_o a_o rustic_a countenance_n with_o a_o long_a poniard_n before_o he_o that_o which_o may_v be_v more_o particular_o deduce_v hence_o be_v that_o he_o be_v more_o than_o ordinary_o desirous_a that_o the_o conspiracy_n shall_v prosper_v though_o before_o he_o have_v be_v a_o great_a creature_n of_o caesar_n as_o seneca_n affirm_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr ira._n nay_o under_o pretence_n of_o present_v a_o petition_n to_o he_o he_o be_v so_o importunate_a with_o he_o and_o hold_v he_o in_o discourse_n with_o such_o eagerness_n till_o he_o come_v into_o the_o senate_n that_o he_o have_v not_o the_o time_n to_o read_v a_o note_n which_o be_v present_v to_o he_o wherein_o the_o whole_a conspiracy_n be_v discover_v this_o poniard_n therefore_o stand_v to_o signify_v the_o great_a zeal_n he_o have_v to_o this_o execution_n wherein_o he_o think_v the_o liberty_n of_o his_o country_n be_v concern_v to_o vindicate_v which_o as_o it_o be_v his_o ambition_n to_o appear_v the_o most_o eager_a and_o the_o most_o resolute_a of_o all_o the_o gang_n so_o he_o think_v it_o his_o glory_n to_o give_v caesar_n the_o first_o wound_n which_o consideration_n lead_v we_o by_o the_o hand_n to_o what_o we_o have_v design_v for_o the_o last_o part_n of_o this_o discourse_n namely_o the_o tragical_a catastrophe_n of_o this_o miraculous_a person_n for_o motive_n to_o the_o conspiracy_n we_o may_v lay_v down_o partly_o the_o irreconcilable_a hatred_n that_o some_o bare_a in_o other_o the_o aversion_n they_o have_v from_o tyranny_n in_o other_o a_o kind_n of_o zeal_n to_o public_a liberty_n the_o encouragement_n caesar_n own_o carelesseness_n of_o himself_o according_a to_o that_o apophthegm_n of_o he_o when_o advise_v to_o take_v a_o guard_n about_o his_o person_n that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o die_v once_o then_o live_v in_o continual_a fear_n his_o not_o humour_v that_o people_n who_o if_o court_v with_o majesty_n as_o they_o have_v be_v wont_a in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n have_v suffer_v any_o thing_n his_o derisory_a expression_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o shadow_n and_o a_o imaginary_a notion_n antonius_n his_o proffer_v he_o a_o crown_n which_o though_o see_v the_o acclamation_n of_o the_o people_n backward_o he_o accept_v not_o yet_o be_v his_o design_n easy_o discover_v the_o report_n that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v declare_v king_n and_o will_v translate_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o troy_n whence_o he_o pretend_v to_o descend_v or_o to_o alexandria_n to_o spend_v his_o day_n with_o cleopatra_n the_o tribune_n show_v a_o certain_a law_n to_o a_o friend_n of_o he_o in_o write_v whereby_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o take_v as_o many_o wife_n as_o one_o will_v the_o better_a to_o people_n the_o commonwealth_n these_o and_o such_o like_a passage_n give_v occasion_n to_o libel_n and_o placard_n which_o be_v set_v up_o at_o every_o corner_n whereof_o divers_a particular_o address_v to_o brutus_n who_o by_o his_o influence_n over_o the_o chief_a citizen_n get_v together_o above_o 60._o who_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o brutus_n who_o very_a name_n they_o think_v to_o be_v fatal_a to_o tyrant_n will_v prefer_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n before_o life_n fortune_n or_o relation_n some_o time_n before_o his_o death_n so_o many_o sign_n and_o prodigy_n happen_v that_o it_o be_v become_v the_o general_a belief_n that_o caesar_n death_n be_v near_o at_o hand_n among_o other_o thing_n his_o soothsayer_n spurina_n bid_v he_o beware_v of_o the_o ides_n of_o march_n all_o which_o put_v together_o somewhat_o startle_v he_o insomuch_o that_o he_o be_v once_o resolve_v to_o defer_v the_o senate_n for_o that_o day_n have_v not_o brutus_n advise_v he_o in_o no_o case_n to_o betray_v so_o much_o fear_v whereupon_o he_o go_v go_v therefore_o in_o his_o litter_n towards_o the_o senate_n the_o fifteen_o day_n of_o march_n it_o can_v not_o be_v but_o diverse_a will_v be_v present_v petition_n and_o discourse_v with_o he_o but_o the_o conspirator_n keep_v some_o of_o they_o so_o close_o to_o he_o that_o he_o have_v not_o the_o leisure_n to_o peruse_v any_o thing_n he_o have_v take_v which_o if_o he_o have_v he_o have_v in_o a_o epistle_n give_v he_o by_o artemidorus_n or_o some_o other_o discover_v the_o whole_a plot_n meet_v by_o the_o way_n with_o spurina_n he_o tell_v he_o the_o ides_n of_o march_n be_v come_v to_o which_o he_o answer_v it_o be_v true_a but_o they_o be_v not_o past_a be_v come_v to_o the_o temple_n where_o the_o senate_n be_v to_o sit_v that_o day_n and_o sacrifice_v do_v
the_o province_n which_o be_v speedy_o dispatch_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n will_v permit_v he_o he_o come_v into_o gallia_n the_o veneti_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o confederacy_n understand_v of_o caesar_n arrival_n and_o consider_v how_o heinous_a a_o fact_n they_o have_v commit_v in_o detain_v the_o ambassador_n and_o cast_v they_o into_o iron_n who_o name_n be_v hold_v sacred_a and_o inviolable_a among_o all_o nation_n prepare_v according_o to_o answer_v so_o eminent_a a_o danger_n and_o especial_o such_o necessary_n as_o pertain_v to_o ship_v and_o sea-fight_n the_o observation_n from_o hence_o i_o may_v take_v occasion_n brief_o to_o touch_v the_o reverend_a opinion_n which_o all_o nation_n ambassador_n how_o barbarous_a soever_o have_v general_o conceive_v of_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o ambassador_n and_o what_o the_o ground_n be_v of_o this_o universal_o receive_v custom_n which_o in_o all_o age_n and_o time_n have_v hold_v authentical_a and_o first_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o all_o mankind_n as_o endue_v with_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o property_n be_v so_o link_v together_o in_o the_o strict_a alliance_n of_o humane_a society_n that_o albeit_o their_o turbulent_a and_o disagree_a passion_n which_o in_o themselves_o be_v unnatural_a as_o proceed_v from_o corruption_n and_o defect_n drive_v they_o into_o extreme_a discord_n and_o disunion_n of_o spirit_n and_o break_v the_o bond_n of_o civil_a conversation_n which_o otherwise_o we_o do_v natural_o affect_v yet_o without_o a_o necessary_a intercourse_n and_o traffic_n of_o society_n we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v on_o foot_n the_o very_a discord_n itself_o in_o term_n of_o reason_n and_o orderly_a proceed_n but_o all_o part_n will_v be_v blend_v with_o disorder_a confusion_n and_o go_v to_o wrack_n for_o want_v of_o these_o mutual_a office_n perform_v by_o messenger_n so_o straight_o be_v the_o bond_n of_o nature_n and_o so_o powerful_a be_v the_o law_n which_o she_o enact_v and_o therefore_o if_o it_o be_v for_o no_o other_o end_n which_o may_v sort_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o either_o party_n as_o there_o be_v many_o good_a use_n thereof_o yet_o to_o hold_v up_o the_o quarrel_n and_o keep_v it_o from_o fall_v make_v war_n according_a to_o the_o ground_n of_o reason_n the_o intercourse_n of_o messenger_n be_v not_o to_o be_v interrupt_v nor_o their_o person_n to_o be_v touch_v with_o hateful_a violence_n but_o that_o which_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o nation_n have_v madâ—_n a_o law_n aught_o as_o religious_o to_o be_v observe_v as_o a_o oracle_n of_o our_o own_o belief_n second_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o end_n of_o war_n be_v or_o at_o the_o least_o shall_v be_v peace_n which_o by_o treaty_n of_o mutual_a messenger_n be_v principal_o to_o be_v confirm_v to_o the_o end_n that_o no_o people_n may_v seem_v so_o barbarous_a as_o to_o maintain_v a_o war_n which_o only_o intend_v blood_n and_o propose_v as_o the_o chief_a object_n the_o death_n and_o mortality_n of_o mankind_n no_o way_n respect_v peace_n and_o civil_a government_n such_o as_o refuse_v the_o intercourse_n of_o messenger_n as_o the_o mean_n of_o amity_n and_o concord_n be_v just_o condemn_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o nation_n as_o unworthy_a of_o humane_a society_n last_o of_o all_o it_o be_v a_o injury_n of_o great_a dishonour_n and_o deserve_v the_o reward_n of_o extreme_a infamy_n to_o revenge_v the_o master_n his_o quarrel_n upon_o a_o servant_n and_o punish_v ambassador_n for_o the_o fault_n of_o their_o state_n consider_v that_o their_o chief_a duty_n consist_v in_o the_o faithful_a relation_n of_o such_o mandate_n as_o they_o have_v receive_v which_o may_v as_o well_o tend_v to_o the_o advancement_n and_o honour_n of_o that_o city_n to_o which_o they_o be_v send_v as_o to_o the_o dishonour_n and_o ruin_n of_o the_o same_o whereof_o the_o messenger_n take_v no_o notice_n and_o therefore_o whether_o we_o desire_v war_n or_o peace_n the_o free_a liberty_n &_o holy_a order_n of_o ambassador_n be_v reverent_o to_o be_v respect_v and_o defend_v from_o brutish_a and_o unnatural_a violence_n chap._n v._n the_o proceed_n of_o either_o party_n in_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o war_n the_o veneti_n conceive_v great_a hope_n of_o their_o enterprise_n caesar_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o situation_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o the_o passage_n by_o land_n be_v break_v and_o cut_v off_o with_o arm_n and_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n navigation_n and_o entrance_n by_o sea_n be_v so_o troublesome_a and_o dangerous_a in_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v altogether_o unacquainted_a with_o the_o channel_n and_o shelf_n of_o the_o coast_n and_o there_o be_v so_o few_o port_n neither_o do_v they_o think_v that_o the_o roman_a army_n can_v long_o continue_v there_o without_o corn_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v in_o those_o quarter_n and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o course_n of_o thing_n be_v carry_v contrary_a to_o this_o probable_a expectation_n yet_o they_o themselves_o be_v strong_a in_o ship_v whereas_o the_o roman_n have_v none_o at_o all_o neither_o have_v they_o knowledge_n of_o the_o flat_n and_o shallows_o port_n and_o island_n of_o that_o coast_n where_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v and_o to_o conclude_v they_o shall_v find_v the_o use_n of_o navigation_n in_o that_o narrow_a sea_n to_o be_v far_o different_a from_o that_o which_o they_o be_v accustom_v unto_o in_o the_o vast_a and_o open_a ocean_n in_o this_o resolution_n they_o fortify_v their_o town_n lendriguer_n store_v they_o with_o provision_n lisieux_n and_o bring_v all_o their_o ship_n to_o vannes_n nantes_n against_o who_o caesar_n as_o it_o be_v report_v will_v begin_v to_o make_v war_n be_v take_v the_o osismi_n leâ—â—doâ—â—_n lexovii_n britain_n nannete_n ambialite_n morini_n menapii_n diablintre_n as_o consort_n and_o partaker_n in_o this_o quarrel_n notwithstanding_o these_o difficulty_n many_o motive_n stir_v up_o caesar_n to_o undertake_v this_o war_n as_o namely_o the_o violent_a detain_v of_o the_o roman_a knight_n their_o rebellion_n after_o they_o have_v yield_v themselves_o by_o rendry_a and_o give_v hostage_n of_o their_o loyalty_n the_o conspiracy_n of_o so_o many_o city_n which_o be_v now_o neglect_v may_v afterward_o incite_v other_o nation_n and_o state_n to_o the_o like_a insolency_n and_o therefore_o understand_v that_o almost_o all_o the_o gall_n be_v incline_v to_o novelty_n and_o alteration_n and_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n be_v quick_a and_o ready_a to_o undertake_v a_o war_n and_o further_o consider_v that_o all_o man_n by_o nature_n desire_a liberty_n and_o hate_v the_o servile_a condition_n of_o bondage_n he_o prevent_v all_o further_a insurrection_n of_o the_o other_o state_n with_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o roman_a force_n in_o several_a place_n at_o once_o and_o send_v titus_n labienus_n with_o the_o cavalry_n unto_o the_o trier_n treviri_n that_o border_v upon_o the_o rhine_n to_o he_o he_o give_v in_o charge_n to_o visit_v the_o man_n of_o rheims_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o belgae_n to_o keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n and_o to_o hinder_v such_o force_n as_o may_v peradventure_o be_v transport_v over_o the_o river_n by_o the_o german_n to_o further_o this_o rebellious_a humour_n of_o the_o gall_n he_o command_v likewise_o pub._n crassus_n with_o twelve_o legionary_a cohort_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o horse_n to_o go_v into_o aquitane_n lest_o there_o may_v come_v any_o aid_n from_o those_o nation_n &_o such_o considerable_a force_n join_v together_o he_o send_v also_o q._n titurius_n sabinus_n with_o three_o legion_n unto_o the_o lexovii_n curiosolitae_n and_o unelli_n to_o disappoint_v any_o practice_n which_o rebelliok_n mind_n may_v intend_v and_o make_v d._n brutus_n chief_a admiral_n of_o the_o navy_n &_o of_o those_o french_a ship_n which_o he_o have_v get_v together_o from_o the_o pictones_n santones_n &_o other_o province_n which_o continue_v quiet_a &_o obedient_a he_o give_v he_o in_o charge_n to_o make_v towards_o vannes_n with_o what_o speed_n he_o can_v and_o he_o himself_o march_v thitherward_o with_o the_o foot_n force_n the_o observation_n in_o the_o first_o book_n i_o observe_v the_o authority_n which_o the_o roman_a leader_n have_v to_o undertake_v a_o war_n without_o further_a acquaint_v the_o senate_n with_o the_o consequence_n thereof_o in_o this_o place_n let_v we_o observe_v the_o care_n and_o circumspection_n which_o the_o general_n have_v who_o do_v not_o undertake_v a_o troublesome_a and_o dangerous_a war_n upon_o a_o humour_n or_o any_o other_o flend_a motion_n but_o diligent_o weigh_v the_o circumstance_n thereof_o and_o measure_v the_o peril_n and_o hazard_n of_o the_o war_n with_o the_o good_a and_o consequence_n of_o the_o effect_n inform_v their_o judgement_n of_o the_o importance_n of_o that_o action_n and_o so_o try_v whether_o the_o benefit_n will_v answer_v their_o
his_o timorousness_n fly_v always_o to_o extremity_n make_v he_o rash_a in_o consultation_n peremptory_a in_o opinion_n and_o base_a in_o case_n of_o peril_n all_o which_o be_v enemy_n to_o good_a direction_n and_o the_o only_a instrument_n of_o mischieving_a fortune_n chap._n xvi_o ambiorix_n haste_v to_o besiege_v cicero_n and_o stir_v up_o the_o aduatici_n the_o nervii_n and_o so_o raise_v a_o great_a power_n ambiorix_n take_v such_o spirit_n unto_o he_o upon_o this_o victory_n caesar_n that_o with_o his_o horseman_n he_o go_v immediate_o unto_o the_o aduatici_n be_v the_o next_o borderer_n upon_o his_o kingdom_n without_o intermission_n of_o night_n or_o day_n command_v his_o footman_n to_o follow_v he_o the_o aduatici_n upon_o his_o open_v the_o matter_n be_v stir_v up_o to_o commotion_n the_o next_o day_n after_o he_o come_v to_o the_o nervii_n exhort_v they_o not_o to_o let_v slip_v this_o occasion_n of_o recover_v to_o themselves_o perpetual_a liberty_n and_o revenge_v they_o of_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o wrong_n they_o have_v receive_v he_o tell_v they_o that_o two_o legate_n be_v already_o slay_v and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n overthrow_v it_o be_v now_o no_o great_a matter_n sudden_o to_o surprise_v the_o legion_n that_o winter_v with_o cicero_n to_o the_o performance_n whereof_o the_o offer_v himself_o to_o be_v their_o assistant_n these_o remonstrance_n easy_o persuade_v the_o nervii_n and_o therefore_o they_o dispatch_v speedy_a messenger_n to_o the_o centrones_n grudii_n levaci_n pleumosii_n and_o gorduni_n who_o be_v all_o under_o their_o dominion_n and_o raise_v very_o great_a force_n and_o â—ith_v they_o they_o haste_v to_o the_o camp_n where_o cicero_n winter_v before_o any_o inkling_n of_o the_o death_n of_o titurius_n be_v bring_v unto_o he_o observation_n the_o ambitious_a and_o work_a spirit_n of_o ambiorix_n that_o can_v attempt_v to_o raise_v the_o baseness_n of_o a_o small_a and_o ignoble_a state_n to_o so_o high_a a_o point_n of_o resolution_n that_o they_o dare_v adventure_v upon_o the_o roman_a legion_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o empire_n by_o the_o memory_n of_o so_o many_o victory_n in_o gallia_n want_v now_o no_o mean_n to_o make_v a_o overture_n to_o a_o universal_a commotion_n propound_v liberty_n and_o revenge_n to_o the_o gall_n two_o the_o sweet_a condition_n that_o can_v happen_v to_o a_o subdue_a people_n if_o they_o will_v but_o stretch_v out_o their_o hand_n to_o take_v it_o and_o follow_v that_o course_n which_o his_o example_n have_v prove_v sure_a and_o easy_a which_o may_v serve_v to_o show_v that_o he_o that_o will_v attempt_v upon_o doubtful_a and_o unsafe_a principle_n will_v take_v great_a advantage_n from_o a_o probable_a entrance_n and_o make_v a_o small_a beginning_n a_o sufficient_a mean_n for_o his_o great_a design_n chap._n xvii_o cicero_n defend_v his_o camp_n from_o the_o surprise_n of_o the_o nervii_n and_o prepare_v himself_o against_o a_o siege_n it_o happen_v to_o cicero_n also_o as_o it_o can_v not_o otherwise_o choose_v that_o many_o of_o the_o soldier_n that_o be_v go_v into_o the_o wood_n for_o timber_n and_o munition_n caesar_n be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o sudden_a approach_n of_o the_o enemy_n horseman_n these_o be_v circumvent_v the_o eburones_n nervii_n and_o aduatici_n with_o all_o their_o confederate_n and_o client_n begin_n to_o assault_v the_o camp_n the_o roman_n betake_v they_o speedy_o to_o their_o weapon_n and_o get_v upon_o the_o rampâ—er_n with_o much_o ado_n they_o hold_v out_o that_o day_n for_o the_o gall_n trust_v much_o upon_o celerity_n hope_v if_o they_o speed_v well_o in_o that_o action_n to_o be_v victor_n ever_o after_o cicero_n dispatch_v letter_n with_o all_o speed_n to_o caesar_n promise_v great_a reward_n to_o he_o that_o â—â—ould_v carry_v they_o but_o all_o the_o way_n be_v so_o fore-laied_n that_o the_o messenger_n be_v take_v in_o one_o night_n there_o be_v build_v in_o tâ—e_v camp_n one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o tower_n of_o such_o timber_n as_o be_v bring_v in_o for_o fortification_n and_o whatsoever_o want_v of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o work_n be_v perfect_v the_o enemy_n the_o next_o day_n with_o a_o far_o great_a power_n assault_v the_o camp_n and_o fill_v up_o the_o dâ—tch_n â—he_v roman_n make_v the_o like_a defence_n as_o they_o have_v do_v the_o day_n before_o the_o like_a be_v continue_v divers_a day_n after_o the_o roman_n make_v no_o intermission_n of_o their_o work_n at_o any_o part_n of_o the_o night_n nor_o give_v any_o rest_n either_o to_o the_o sick_a or_o the_o wounded_a whatsoever_o be_v needful_a for_o the_o next_o day_n assault_n be_v provide_v in_o readiness_n the_o night_n before_o a_o great_a number_n of_o stake_n harden_v in_o the_o fire_n be_v prepare_v and_o many_o mural_a pile_n be_v make_v the_o tower_n be_v 〈◊〉_d in_o their_o story_n pinnacle_n and_o parapet_n â—ere_z set_v up_o of_o hurdle_n and_o cicero_n himself_o be_v sickly_a and_o of_o a_o weak_a constitution_n take_v not_o so_o much_o leisure_n as_o to_o rest_v himself_o in_o the_o night_n time_n so_o that_o the_o soldier_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n compel_v he_o by_o entreaty_n to_o spare_v himself_o observation_n this_o q._n cicero_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o brother_n of_o marcus_n 〈◊〉_d the_o famous_a orator_n and_o to_o he_o be_v the_o letter_n send_v which_o be_v find_v in_o his_o â—pistles_n direct_v quinto_fw-la fratri_fw-la in_o this_o action_n 〈◊〉_d carriage_n deserve_v as_o great_a reputation_n in_o the_o true_a censure_n of_o honour_n as_o ever_o his_o brother_n do_v for_o his_o eloquence_n pro_fw-la rostris_fw-la and_o if_o it_o have_v be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d fortune_n to_o hâ—ve_v perform_v the_o like_a service_n 〈…〉_z â—ave_n make_v it_o the_o great_a exploit_n that_o everâ—_n 〈◊〉_d have_v achieve_v by_o arm_n wherein_o particular_o may_v be_v commend_v the_o diligence_n and_o industry_n which_o be_v use_v in_o raise_v so_o many_o 〈◊〉_d in_o so_o small_a a_o time_n for_o provide_v the_o 〈◊〉_d before_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o next_o day_n defence_n for_o make_v so_o many_o stake_n harden_v in_o the_o end_n with_o fire_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o rampire_n and_o for_o the_o store_n of_o these_o mural_a pâ—les_n which_o resemble_v the_o form_n of_o the_o ordinary_a pile_n but_o be_v far_o great_a and_o weighty_a in_o regard_n they_o be_v to_o be_v cast_v from_o the_o rampire_n which_o give_v they_o such_o advantage_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o height_n that_o be_v cast_v by_o a_o strong_a and_o well_o practise_v arm_n they_o be_v very_o effectual_a and_o of_o great_a terror_n chap._n xviii_o the_o nervii_n propound_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o cicero_n which_o ambiorix_n have_v do_v to_o sabinus_n but_o be_v reject_v then_o the_o prince_n and_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o nervii_n caesar_n which_o have_v any_o entrance_n of_o speech_n and_o cause_n of_o acquaintance_n with_o cicero_n signify_v their_o desire_n to_o speak_v with_o he_o which_o be_v grant_v they_o propound_v the_o same_o thing_n which_o ambiorix_n have_v use_v to_o deceive_v sabinus_n all_o gallia_n be_v in_o arm_n the_o german_n be_v come_v over_o the_o rhine_n caesar_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v besiege_v in_o their_o wintering-camp_n sabinus_n and_o his_o man_n be_v cut_v in_o piece_n and_o for_o the_o more_o credit_n to_o it_o they_o show_v he_o ambiorix_n they_o say_v they_o be_v much_o deceive_v if_o they_o expect_v any_o help_n from_o those_o who_o be_v at_o present_a scarce_o able_a to_o help_v themselves_o notwithstanding_o they_o carry_v this_o mind_n to_o cicero_n and_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n that_o they_o refuse_v nothing_o but_o their_o winter_v among_o they_o which_o they_o will_v not_o suffer_v to_o be_v make_v a_o common_a practice_n they_o may_v depart_v in_o safety_n whither_o they_o will_v without_o disturbance_n or_o fear_n of_o danger_n cicero_n only_o make_v this_o answer_n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n to_o take_v any_o article_n or_o condition_n from_o a_o arm_a enemy_n but_o if_o they_o will_v lay_v their_o arm_n aside_o let_v they_o use_v his_o furtherance_n in_o the_o matter_n and_o send_v some_o to_o negotiate_v it_o with_o caesar_n there_o be_v great_a hope_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o justice_n and_o equity_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o return_v unsatisfied_a observation_n the_o first_o attempt_n which_o ambiorix_n make_v upon_o the_o camp_n of_o sabâ—nus_n and_o cotta_n be_v but_o short_a but_o here_o what_o with_o the_o pride_n of_o the_o former_a victory_n and_o the_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o assailant_n they_o continue_v it_o long_o in_o hope_n to_o carry_v it_o by_o assault_n for_o the_o first_o assault_n of_o a_o place_n especial_o when_o it_o come_v by_o way_n of_o surprise_n be_v of_o great_a hope_n to_o the_o assailant_n and_o
any_o respect_n or_o honour_n that_o do_v belong_v unto_o they_o over_o all_o the_o druid_n there_o be_v one_o primate_n that_o have_v authority_n of_o the_o rest_n at_o his_o decease_n if_o any_o one_o do_v excel_v the_o rest_n in_o dignity_n he_o succee_v if_o many_o equal_n be_v find_v they_o go_v to_o election_n and_o sometime_o they_o contend_v about_o the_o primacy_n with_o force_n and_o arm_n they_o meet_v at_o a_o certain_a time_n of_o the_o year_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o carnutes_n which_o be_v the_o middle_a part_n of_o all_o gallia_n and_o there_o they_o sit_v in_o a_o sacred_a place_n thither_o they_o resort_v from_o all_o part_n that_o have_v controversy_n and_o do_v obey_v their_o order_n and_o judgement_n england_n the_o art_n and_o learning_n of_o the_o druid_n be_v first_o find_v out_o in_o brittany_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v think_v to_o be_v bring_v into_o gallia_n and_o at_o this_o time_n such_o as_o will_v attain_v to_o the_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o that_o discipline_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n travel_v thither_o to_o learn_v it_o the_o druid_n be_v exempt_a from_o warfare_n and_o payment_n and_o have_v a_o immunity_n from_o all_o other_o duty_n whereby_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o many_o do_v be_v take_v themselves_o to_o that_o profession_n of_o their_o own_o free_a will_n and_o divers_a other_o be_v send_v to_o that_o school_n by_o their_o parent_n and_o friend_n they_o be_v say_v to_o learn_v many_o verse_n and_o that_o some_o do_v study_v therein_o twenty_o year_n neither_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o commit_v any_o thing_n to_o writing_n beside_o that_o in_o other_o public_a and_o private_a business_n they_o only_o use_v the_o greek_a tongue_n and_o that_o as_o i_o take_v it_o for_o two_o cause_n first_o for_o that_o their_o learning_n may_v not_o become_v common_a and_o vulgar_a second_o that_o scholar_n may_v not_o trust_v so_o much_o to_o their_o write_n as_o to_o their_o memory_n as_o it_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o part_n that_o man_n rely_v upon_o the_o trust_n of_o book_n and_o paper_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n omit_v the_o benefit_n of_o good_a remembrance_n they_o endeavour_v chief_o to_o teach_v man_n that_o their_o soul_n do_v not_o die_v but_o that_o they_o do_v remove_v out_o of_o one_o body_n into_o another_o after_o death_n and_o this_o they_o think_v to_o be_v very_o important_a to_o stir_v man_n up_o to_o virtue_n neglect_v the_o fear_n of_o death_n they_o dispute_v further_o and_o give_v many_o tradition_n to_o the_o youth_n touch_v the_o star_n and_o their_o motion_n the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o world_n the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o the_o might_n and_o power_n of_o the_o go_n observation_n the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o druid_n be_v in_o this_o place_n very_o particular_o describe_v by_o caesar_n druid_n and_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o head_n first_o their_o office_n extend_v both_o to_o thing_n divine_a and_o thing_n temporal_a whereby_o they_o execute_v the_o place_n both_o of_o priest_n and_o of_o judge_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n there_o be_v one_o know_v place_n appoint_v where_o they_o sit_v in_o judgement_n and_o as_o i_o understand_v it_o there_o be_v but_o one_o term_n in_o the_o year_n which_o both_o begin_v and_o end_v their_o suit_n in_o law_n the_o second_o thing_n be_v their_o authority_n have_v power_n to_o reward_v virtue_n and_o to_o punish_v vice_n three_o their_o privilege_n and_o immunity_n be_v free_a from_o contribution_n from_o warfare_n and_o all_o other_o burden_n of_o the_o state_n four_o their_o doctrine_n and_o learning_n which_o be_v partly_o theological_a concern_v the_o might_n and_o power_n of_o the_o god_n the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o partly_o philosophical_a touch_v the_o star_n and_o their_o motion_n the_o earth_n and_o the_o magnitude_n thereof_o and_o last_o their_o manner_n of_o learning_n which_o be_v altogether_o pythagorical_a refuse_v the_o help_n of_o letter_n and_o book_n and_o commit_v their_o doctrine_n to_o the_o tradition_n of_o their_o elder_n but_o that_o which_o be_v special_o to_o be_v observe_v england_n be_v that_o this_o learning_n be_v not_o only_o find_v out_o here_o in_o brittany_n but_o such_o as_o will_v perfect_o attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n thereof_o come_v into_o england_n to_o study_v the_o same_o contrary_a to_o the_o experience_n which_o heretofore_o have_v be_v observe_v of_o the_o northern_a and_o southern_a part_n of_o the_o world_n for_o as_o the_o south_n give_v a_o temper_n to_o the_o body_n fit_a for_o the_o science_n and_o contemplation_n of_o art_n whereby_o the_o mind_n be_v enlarge_v and_o purify_v in_o her_o faculty_n do_v dive_v into_o the_o secret_a depth_n of_o all_o learning_n and_o censure_v the_o hide_a mystery_n thereof_o so_o the_o northern_a climate_n do_v bind_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o restrain_v all_o her_o virtue_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o body_n whereby_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v animam_fw-la in_o digitis_fw-la work_n their_o soul_n in_o their_o finger_n not_o afford_v she_o that_o delight_n and_o contentment_n which_o be_v usual_o receive_v by_o speculation_n and_o thence_o it_o happen_v that_o all_o speculative_a art_n and_o science_n and_o what_o else_o soever_o concern_v the_o inward_a contemplation_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v find_v out_o and_o perfect_v by_o such_o as_o border_v upon_o the_o south_n and_o from_o they_o it_o be_v bring_v by_o little_a and_o little_a into_o the_o northern_a region_n and_o such_o as_o will_v be_v master_n in_o the_o art_n they_o profess_v go_v always_o southward_o for_o the_o attain_n thereof_o but_o here_o the_o south_n be_v behold_v to_o the_o north_n as_o well_o for_o their_o principle_n of_o divinity_n as_o for_o their_o philosophy_n and_o moral_a learning_n be_v as_o pure_a as_o that_o which_o any_o heathen_a people_n ever_o drink_v of_o which_o prove_v a_o ancient_a singularity_n in_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o island_n touch_v the_o study_n of_o art_n and_o matter_n of_o learning_n and_o may_v with_o like_a evidence_n be_v prove_v from_o age_n to_o age_n even_o to_o this_o time_n in_o witness_v whereof_o i_o appeal_v to_o the_o two_o university_n of_o this_o land_n cambridge_n as_o a_o demonstration_n of_o the_o love_n which_o our_o nation_n have_v ever_o bear_v to_o learning_n be_v two_o such_o magazine_n of_o art_n and_o science_n so_o beautify_v with_o curious_a building_n and_o supply_v with_o endowment_n for_o the_o liberal_a maintenance_n of_o the_o muse_n enrich_v with_o library_n of_o learned_a work_n adorn_v with_o pleasant_a place_n for_o the_o refresh_n of_o weary_a spirit_n garden_n grove_n walk_n river_n and_o arboret_n as_o the_o like_o such_o athens_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n chap._n ix_o the_o second_o sort_n of_o man_n in_o gallia_n call_v the_o equites_fw-la in_o caesar_n time_n the_o other_o sort_n of_o people_n be_v equites_fw-la or_o gentleman_n caesar_n these_o when_o there_o be_v occasion_n or_o when_o any_o war_n happen_v as_o before_o caesar_n his_o come_n be_v usual_a every_o year_n that_o either_o they_o do_v offer_v injury_n or_o resist_v injury_n be_v always_o party_n therein_o and_o as_o every_o man_n excel_v other_o in_o birth_n or_o wealth_n so_o be_v he_o attend_v with_o client_n and_o follower_n and_o this_o they_o take_v to_o be_v the_o only_a note_n of_o nobility_n and_o greatness_n the_o whole_a nation_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v much_o addict_v to_o religion_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n such_o as_o be_v either_o grievous_o disease_v or_o conversant_a continual_o in_o the_o danger_n of_o war_n do_v either_o sacrifice_v man_n for_o a_o oblation_n or_o vow_v the_o oblation_n of_o themselves_o use_v in_o such_o sacrifice_n the_o ministry_n of_o the_o druid_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o immortal_a deity_n can_v be_v please_v but_o by_o gâ—ving_v the_o life_n of_o one_o man_n for_o the_o life_n of_o another_o and_o to_o that_o purpose_n they_o have_v public_a sacrifice_n appoint_v other_o have_v image_n of_o a_o monstrous_a magnitude_n who_o limb_n and_o part_n be_v make_v of_o osier_n be_v fill_v with_o live_a man_n and_o be_v set_v one_o fire_n the_o man_n be_v burn_v to_o death_n the_o execution_n of_o such_o as_o be_v take_v in_o theft_n or_o robbery_n or_o any_o other_o crime_n they_o think_v to_o be_v best_a please_v to_o the_o god_n but_o want_v such_o they_o spare_v not_o the_o innocent_a they_o worship_v chief_o the_o god_n mercury_n and_o have_v many_o of_o his_o image_n among_o they_o he_o they_o adore_v as_o the_o inventor_n of_o all_o art_n the_o conductor_n and_o guide_n in_o all_o voyage_n and_o journey_n and_o they_o think_v he_o to_o have_v great_a power_n in_o all_o
merchandise_n and_o gain_n of_o money_n next_o unto_o he_o they_o prefer_v apollo_n mars_n jove_n and_o minerva_n and_o of_o these_o they_o carry_v the_o same_o opinion_n as_o other_o nation_n do_v apollo_n to_o be_v powerful_a in_o heal_a disease_n minerva_n in_o find_v out_o artificial_a work_n jove_n rule_v the_o celestial_a empire_n and_o mars_n for_o war_n when_o they_o be_v to_o encounter_v with_o a_o enemy_n they_o vow_v all_o the_o spoil_n unto_o he_o and_o such_o beast_n as_o be_v take_v they_o sacrifice_v other_o thing_n they_o lie_v up_o in_o some_o one_o place_n and_o many_o such_o heap_n of_o thing_n so_o take_v be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o holy_a place_n of_o diverse_a of_o their_o city_n neither_o do_v it_o often_o happen_v that_o any_o man_n neglect_v his_o religion_n in_o that_o point_n dare_v either_o keep_v back_o any_o thing_n so_o take_v or_o take_v away_o aught_o lay_v up_o in_o their_o repository_n for_o they_o incur_v a_o heavy_a punishment_n and_o torture_n for_o that_o offence_n the_o gall_n do_v all_o boast_v themselves_o in_o the_o stock_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v descend_v understand_v by_o the_o druid_n that_o they_o come_v of_o the_o god_n dis._n and_o therefore_o they_o end_v the_o space_n of_o all_o their_o time_n by_o the_o number_n of_o night_n rather_o than_o by_o the_o number_n of_o day_n observe_v the_o day_n of_o their_o nativity_n the_o begining_n of_o their_o month_n and_o their_o year_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o the_o day_n do_v always_o follow_v the_o night_n and_o herein_o they_o differ_v from_o other_o nation_n that_o they_o suffer_v not_o their_o child_n to_o come_v open_o unto_o they_o but_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v fit_a for_o war_n think_v it_o shameful_a and_o dishonest_a that_o a_o son_n in_o his_o childhood_n shall_v in_o public_a place_n stand_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o father_n to_o the_o portion_n which_o they_o have_v with_o their_o wife_n they_o add_v as_o much_o more_o of_o their_o own_o good_n and_o the_o use_n of_o this_o money_n thus_o add_v together_o be_v keep_v apart_o and_o the_o long_a liver_n have_v both_o the_o principal_a and_o the_o interest_n for_o all_o the_o former_a time_n the_o man_n have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n both_o over_o their_o wife_n and_o their_o child_n and_o when_o a_o man_n of_o great_a place_n and_o parentage_n shall_v happen_v to_o decease_n his_o kinsfolk_n assemble_v themselves_o together_o to_o inquire_v of_o his_o death_n if_o there_o be_v any_o occasion_n of_o suspicion_n they_o put_v his_o wife_n to_o torture_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o servant_n and_o if_o it_o be_v find_v she_o die_v torment_v with_o fire_n and_o all_o other_o torture_n as_o may_v be_v imagine_v their_o funeral_n according_a to_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o life_n be_v magnifical_a and_o sumptuous_a bury_v with_o the_o dead_a corpse_n all_o that_o he_o take_v delight_n in_o while_o he_o live_v not_o spare_v living_n creature_n and_o not_o long_o out_o of_o memory_n the_o custom_n be_v to_o bury_v with_o the_o body_n such_o client_n and_o servant_n as_o be_v favour_v by_o he_o in_o his_o life-time_n such_o state_n as_o be_v careful_a in_o the_o government_n of_o their_o common-weal_n do_v prohibit_v by_o a_o special_a law_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v communicate_v a_o rumour_n or_o report_n touch_v the_o state_n to_o any_o man_n save_v a_o magistrate_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o have_v be_v often_o find_v that_o rash_a and_o unskilful_a man_n be_v so_o terrify_v with_o false_a report_n and_o move_v to_o such_o desperate_a attempt_n that_o they_o enter_v into_o resolution_n touch_v the_o main_a point_n of_o state_n the_o magistrate_n do_v keep_v secret_a such_o thing_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o that_o which_o they_o think_v expedient_a they_o publish_v but_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o speak_v of_o matter_n of_o state_n but_o in_o assembly_n of_o state_n the_o first_o observation_n concern_v the_o beginning_n of_o day_n and_o time_n observe_v which_o caesar_n note_v in_o this_o place_n to_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o gall_n after_o sunsetting_a whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o the_o natural_a day_n of_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n the_o night_n always_o precede_v the_o day_n time_n contrary_a to_o the_o use_n of_o italy_n where_o the_o day_n begin_v at_o sunrising_n and_o the_o night_n follow_v the_o artificial_a day_n as_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o day_n natural_a we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o as_o all_o time_n and_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o part_n thereof_o depend_v upon_o the_o two_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o one_o as_o it_o move_v in_o its_o own_o orb_n from_o west_n to_o east_n beget_v the_o revolution_n of_o year_n and_o the_o season_n of_o summer_n and_o winter_n the_o spring_n and_o the_o autumn_n with_o the_o measure_n of_o month_n as_o it_o pass_v through_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n and_o the_o other_o as_o it_o be_v carry_v from_o east_n to_o west_n by_o the_o first_o move_v sphere_n make_v the_o distinction_n of_o night_n and_o day_n hour_n and_o minute_n so_o the_o beginning_n of_o these_o time_n and_o season_n be_v diverse_o take_v among_o diverse_a people_n and_o nation_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o jew_n have_v the_o same_o computation_n touch_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o day_n as_o the_o gall_n have_v but_o upon_o other_o ground_n and_o reason_n than_o can_v be_v allege_v for_o this_o custom_n in_o gallia_n for_o they_o begin_v their_o day_n in_o the_o evening_n at_o sunne-setting_a as_o appear_v by_o many_o place_n of_o the_o scripture_n and_o moses_n in_o the_o repetition_n of_o the_o first_o seven_o day_n work_n upon_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o a_o day_n say_v the_o evening_n and_o the_o morning_n be_v one_o day_n give_v the_o evening_n precedency_n before_o the_o morning_n as_o though_o the_o day_n have_v begin_v in_o the_o evening_n the_o bohemian_n in_o like_a manner_n do_v observe_v the_o beginning_n of_o their_o day_n in_o the_o evening_n and_o do_v herein_o follow_v the_o use_n of_o the_o jew_n other_o nation_n do_v begin_v at_o sunrising_n and_o take_v the_o computation_n of_o their_o day_n natural_a from_o the_o first_o appear_v of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o east_n the_o greek_n begin_v and_o end_v their_o day_n at_o midnight_n observe_v the_o certainty_n of_o that_o time_n and_o the_o correspondence_n between_o the_o equal_a and_o planetary_a hour_n in_o the_o meridian_n circle_n whereas_o otherwise_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o inequality_n of_o the_o day_n and_o the_o night_n out_o of_o a_o right_a sphere_n there_o be_v always_o some_o difference_n between_o the_o say_a hour_n and_o this_o use_n also_o be_v observe_v by_o we_o in_o england_n this_o god_n dis_n who_o he_o name_v for_o the_o father_n of_o that_o nation_n be_v the_o same_o who_o the_o heathen_a call_v pluto_n the_o god_n of_o hell_n and_o darkness_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n they_o put_v darkness_n before_o light_n touch_v the_o beginning_n of_o their_o natural_a day_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o this_o circumstance_n give_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o day_n and_o time_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o insert_v the_o reformation_n of_o the_o year_n which_o caesar_n so_o happy_o establish_v that_o succeed_a time_n have_v have_v no_o cause_n to_o alter_v the_o same_o and_o although_o it_o neither_o concern_v the_o art_n of_o war_n nor_o happen_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o these_o seven_o summer_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v do_v by_o caesar_n and_o deserve_v as_o often_o memory_n as_o any_o other_o of_o his_o noble_a act_n it_o shall_v not_o seem_v impertinent_a to_o the_o reader_n to_o take_v thus_o much_o by_o the_o way_n concern_v that_o matter_n there_o be_v no_o nation_n of_o any_o civil_a government_n but_o observe_v a_o course_n or_o revolution_n difference_v with_o time_n and_o season_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o may_v be_v answerable_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o circuit_n which_o it_o make_v through_o the_o sign_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o zodiac_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o government_n of_o a_o civil_a year_n do_v not_o well_o admit_v any_o other_o composition_n of_o part_n to_o make_v it_o absolute_a and_o complete_a then_o by_o natural_a day_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o sun_n require_v odd_a hour_n and_o minute_n to_o finish_v his_o race_n and_o return_v again_o to_o the_o goal_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v there_o have_v always_o be_v find_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o civil_a and_o the_o solar_a year_n before_o caesar_n time_n the_o roman_n use_v the_o ancient_a computation_n of_o the_o year_n have_v not_o only_o such_o uncertainty_n and_o alteration_n in_o month_n and_o time_n that_o the_o sacrifice_n and_o yearly_a feast_n come_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o season_n contrary_a