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such_o as_o go_v to_o it_o because_o they_o have_v not_o wherewithal_o to_o subsist_v in_o peace_n and_o indeed_o be_v but_o too_o frequent_o debauch_v idle_a person_n who_o have_v live_v in_o excess_n and_o laziness_n be_v the_o less_o capable_a to_o undergo_v the_o life_n of_o soldier_n and_o as_o to_o those_o which_o be_v press_v they_o have_v still_o a_o hanker_a to_o return_v be_v common_o grumble_a that_o they_o have_v be_v press_v and_o not_o mind_v to_o become_v soldier_n be_v not_o studious_a to_o learn_v a_o profession_n which_o they_o never_o intend_v to_o practice_v the_o turk_n who_o possess_v the_o empire_n of_o greece_n in_o imitation_n perhaps_o of_o the_o grecian_n gymnasia_n erect_v in_o constantinople_n in_o the_o time_n of_o amurath_n the_o first_o their_o college_n of_o
be_v needless_a as_o also_o by_o carry_v into_o his_o leaguer_n what_o be_v in_o the_o village_n and_o country_n neighbour_a on_o his_o work_n to_o deprive_v his_o enemy_n army_n of_o all_o sustenance_n but_o what_o they_o bring_v along_o with_o they_o or_o be_v daily_o to_o be_v fetch_v by_o they_o to_o their_o camp_n from_o a_o great_a distance_n and_o last_o to_o have_v still_o in_o his_o leaguer_n more_o victual_n than_o the_o besiege_a can_v then_o have_v within_o the_o town_n thereby_o to_o compel_v the_o relieve_v army_n to_o attack_v those_o almost_o unconquerable_a work_n or_o the_o town_n to_o surrender_v for_o want_n of_o food_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o army_n which_o come_v for_o the_o succour_n these_o necessary_a performance_n together_o with_o his_o often_o fight_v against_o such_o force_n as_o almost_o hourly_o night_n and_o day_n make_v numerous_a sally_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v it_o both_o to_o harass_n and_o lessen_v caesar_n army_n and_o to_o retard_v the_o finish_n of_o his_o work_n which_o when_o complete_v will_v render_v it_o high_o difficult_a if_o possible_a to_o relieve_v the_o besiege_a i_o say_v and_o i_o think_v with_o reason_n all_o these_o economy_n of_o war_n be_v at_o least_o as_o difficult_a in_o the_o act_n as_o the_o make_v those_o laborious_a fortification_n yet_o all_o be_v to_o be_v do_v and_o do_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n and_o in_o so_o short_a a_o space_n that_o i_o scarce_o know_v to_o which_o of_o the_o two_o my_o admiration_n be_v just_o due_n at_o length_n the_o relieve_v army_n appear_v which_o consist_v of_o 248000_o man_n as_o caesar_n who_o condescend_v to_o be_v the_o commissary_n of_o their_o muster_n reckon_v they_o to_o be_v and_o also_o write_v how_o many_o every_o state_n of_o gallia_n do_v particular_o send_v so_o that_o at_o once_o he_o be_v to_o withstand_v 320000_o of_o his_o enemy_n and_o which_o be_v more_o to_o fight_v with_o they_o at_o the_o same_o time_n when_o they_o attack_v he_o in_o front_n and_o rear_n this_o formidable_a relieve_v army_n be_v lead_v by_o four_o general_n viz._n comius_n veridomarus_fw-la eporedorix_n and_o vergesilaunus_n all_o great_a captain_n and_o accustom_v to_o make_v war_n even_o against_o caesar_n himself_o where_o they_o can_v not_o but_o have_v learn_v much_o have_v to_o do_v with_o such_o a_o general_n and_o yet_o for_o many_o year_n continue_v the_o war_n against_o he_o and_o one_o of_o they_o viz._n comius_n have_v learn_v the_o rudiment_n of_o war_n under_o caesar_n himself_o and_o acquire_v so_o much_o honour_n in_o serve_v the_o roman_n that_o caesar_n reward_v he_o with_o the_o principality_n over_o the_o morini_n the_o gaul_n seat_v their_o camp_n on_o a_o hill_n half_a a_o mile_n from_o caesar_n work_n and_o send_v their_o cavalry_n into_o a_o plain_a under_o it_o and_o their_o nimble_a archer_n conceal_v behind_o their_o troop_n caesar_n make_v his_o cavalry_n match_v out_o to_o fight_v they_o lest_o the_o gaul_n by_o have_v their_o cavalry_n unfought_a with_o even_o under_o caesar_n work_n may_v grow_v too_o insolent_a and_o his_o own_o army_n be_v intimidate_v the_o roman_a horse_n be_v worsted_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o gaul_n archer_n but_o caesar_n german_a horse_n relieve_v they_o rout_z the_o gaul_n and_o cut_v in_o piece_n their_o archer_n and_o then_o all_o caesar_n troop_n return_v d_o within_o their_o line_n the_o gaul_n make_v three_o several_a general_n assault_v on_o caesar_n camp_n the_o first_o by_o day_n the_o second_o by_o night_n and_o the_o three_o at_o full_a noon_n vercingetorix_n every_o time_n sally_v out_o at_o the_o same_o hour_n with_o his_o army_n in_o these_o three_o attack_n all_o that_o valour_n skill_n and_o industry_n can_v perform_v on_o both_o side_n be_v not_o omit_v some_o particular_n i_o shall_v enumerate_v the_o gaul_n find_v the_o row_v of_o stake_n and_o holes_n and_o the_o galthorps_n destroy_v many_o of_o their_o man_n fling_v up_o so_o much_o earth_n over_o they_o as_o cover_v they_o and_o thereby_o make_v they_o useless_a to_o the_o roman_n then_o fill_v their_o ditch_n with_o faggot_n hurdle_n and_o earth_n raise_v the_o outside_o on_o which_o they_o go_v to_o the_o assault_n high_a than_o the_o line_n they_o assault_v and_o so_o go_v on_o advantageous_a ground_n to_o the_o attack_z and_o caesar_n when_o he_o find_v his_o man_n distress_v in_o front_n by_o the_o enemy_n over-numbring_a he_o and_o fight_v on_o equal_a ground_n will_v often_o command_v his_o cavalry_n sometime_o his_o legionary_a infantry_n to_o sally_v out_o of_o his_o line_n and_o to_o fall_v on_o they_o in_o the_o rear_n whereby_o he_o rout_v they_o the_o last_o day_n attack_v seem_v several_a battle_n rather_o than_o one_o general_n assault_n such_o great_a body_n fight_v at_o once_o both_o within_o and_o without_o the_o first_o line_n towards_o the_o field_n and_o towards_o the_o town_n for_o the_o gaul_n have_v discover_v the_o weak_a or_o more_o proper_o the_o least_o strong_a part_n of_o caesar_n line_n while_o all_o the_o residue_n of_o their_o army_n be_v assault_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o work_n vergesilaunus_n who_o be_v vercingetorix_n near_a kinsman_n in_o the_o obscurity_n of_o the_o precede_a night_n have_v march_v behind_o a_o hill_n and_o conceal_v himself_o there_o with_o 60000_o select_a man_n who_o at_o noonday_n when_o the_o roman_n be_v with_o all_o their_o force_n defend_v their_o work_n both_o against_o the_o besiege_a and_o comius_n etc._n etc._n assault_v they_o unexpected_o enter_v the_o line_n who_o ditch_n they_o have_v fill_v and_o with_o many_o shout_n daunt_v caesar_n soldier_n as_o he_o himself_o confess_v but_o caesar_n at_o last_o by_o the_o valour_n and_o expertness_n of_o his_o man_n and_o by_o his_o excellent_a conduct_n relieve_v they_o in_o all_o part_n where_o they_o be_v oppress_v and_o lead_v they_o in_o person_n to_o many_o charge_n be_v victorious_a and_o chase_v the_o gaul_n to_o the_o very_a work_n of_o their_o camp_n and_o to_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o town_n and_o add_v if_o his_o soldier_n have_v not_o be_v quite_o spend_v with_o that_o day_n hot_a service_n few_o of_o all_o the_o gaul_n have_v escape_v they_o lose_v in_o that_o last_o day_n attempt_n above_o 60000_o man_n so_o that_o despair_v to_o perform_v what_o they_o come_v for_o they_o do_v that_o night_n abandon_v their_o camp_n and_o many_o be_v kill_v by_o caesar_n cavalry_n who_o pursue_v they_o in_o the_o obscurity_n and_o the_o next_o day_n vercingetorix_n capitulate_v and_o yield_v he_o himself_o gallant_o mount_v and_o arm_v at_o all_o point_n having_z first_o leisurely_o rid_v round_o about_o the_o chair_n of_o state_n in_o which_o caesar_n sit_v to_o receive_v he_o alight_v off_o of_o his_o horse_n and_o as_o a_o evidence_n of_o his_o be_v conquer_a disarm_v himself_o and_o then_o go_v and_o sit_v down_o on_o the_o ground_n at_o caeâ—…ar's_n foot_n without_o speak_v one_o word_n some_o of_o those_o many_o reason_n which_o induce_v caesar_n in_o my_o opinion_n to_o continue_v within_o his_o line_n and_o not_o to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n in_o the_o field_n i_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o i._o he_o can_v not_o shut_v up_o in_o alesia_n a_o much_o great_a army_n than_o his_o own_o without_o make_v very_o strong_a line_n of_o countervallation_n against_o it_o ii_o have_v make_v these_o wonderful_a â—…ines_n and_o know_v of_o the_o vast_a relief_n which_o be_v certain_o hasten_v to_o succour_v the_o besiege_a he_o with_o so_o small_a a_o army_n as_o his_o own_o which_o probable_o can_v not_o consist_v of_o above_o 30000_o foot_n and_o 6000_o horse_n for_o he_o never_o have_v above_o 10_o legion_n at_o once_o in_o all_o gallia_n can_v not_o reasonable_o hope_n both_o to_o keep_v in_o vercingetorix_n with_o 80000_o choose_a man_n and_o fight_v against_o comius_n etc._n etc._n with_o 248000_o good_a man_n unless_o by_o prodigious_a work_n he_o can_v supply_v what_o he_o want_v in_o number_n of_o man_n and_o also_o by_o so_o post_v his_o army_n between_o his_o line_n of_o circumvallation_n and_o â—…ountervallation_n as_o to_o be_v thereby_o ready_a to_o resist_v both_o way_n and_o often_o with_o the_o same_o reserve_v battalion_n and_o squadron_n for_o whatever_o justus_n lâ—…psius_n compute_v that_o the_o space_n between_o these_o two_o line_n must_v be_v 5000_o foot_n yet_o in_o reason_n i_o be_o full_o convince_v they_o be_v much_o near_o each_o other_o for_o else_o they_o can_v not_o answer_v the_o end_n for_o which_o they_o be_v make_v since_o no_o squadron_n of_o reserve_n can_v 〈◊〉_d answer_v both_o way_n a_o distance_n of_o a_o mile_n much_o less_o do_v it_o as_o often_o as_o need_n require_v and_o our_o modern_a line_n of_o circumvallation_n and_o countervallation_n which_o be_v but_o copy_n after_o
thereof_o in_o war_n they_o be_v no_o long_o oblige_v to_o bear_v arm_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o the_o guard_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o city_n and_o then_o be_v usual_o call_v emeriti_fw-la it_o be_v also_o a_o stand_a rule_n among_o they_o that_o none_o can_v attain_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o one_o of_o the_o four_o and_o twenty_o military_a tribune_n that_o have_v not_o actual_o serve_v at_o least_o five_o year_n in_o the_o war_n and_o this_o favour_n also_o be_v only_o extend_v to_o the_o first_o fourteen_o of_o they_o who_o be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o four_o and_o twenty_o and_o for_o the_o remain_v ten_o none_o can_v be_v elect_v that_o have_v not_o serve_v eleven_o year_n in_o the_o infantry_n or_o fifteen_o year_n in_o the_o cavalry_n which_o prove_v how_o much_o more_o the_o roman_n esteem_v the_o foot-service_n than_o the_o horse_n four_o legion_n always_o compose_v a_o consular_a army_n and_o common_o they_o have_v two_o such_o army_n annual_o this_o be_v the_o primitive_a institution_n and_o though_o through_o the_o exigency_n of_o their_o affair_n they_o have_v often_o more_o than_o eight_o legion_n at_o once_o entertain_v yet_o the_o rest_n be_v distribute_v to_o and_o command_v by_o their_o praetor_n proconsul_n and_o other_o chief_n when_o hannibal_n be_v in_o italy_n they_o have_v at_o once_o twenty_o three_o legion_n on_o foot_n and_o julius_n caesar_n have_v ten_o legion_n at_o once_o in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o gaul_n but_o this_o be_v when_o the_o vigour_n of_o the_o law_n decline_v or_o the_o very_o be_v of_o their_o commonwealth_n be_v at_o stake_n of_o the_o four_o legion_n which_o compose_v a_o consular_a army_n two_o of_o they_o be_v always_o of_o the_o ally_n and_o they_o be_v choose_v just_a as_o those_o in_o rome_n have_v be_v only_o the_o ally_n as_o the_o need_v require_v be_v bind_v to_o send_v the_o double_a number_n of_o horse_n because_o their_o country_n be_v much_o large_a than_o the_o city_n territory_n be_v able_a to_o furnish_v the_o army_n with_o horse_n before_o they_o proceed_v to_o the_o election_n of_o soldier_n they_o divide_v the_o four_o and_o twenty_o military_a tribune_n to_o the_o four_o legion_n in_o this_o manner_n of_o the_o fourteen_o young_a tribune_n they_o appoint_v four_o of_o they_o to_o the_o first_o legion_n three_o to_o the_o second_o four_z to_o the_o three_o and_o three_o to_o the_o four_o and_o of_o the_o ten_o ancient_a tribune_n they_o appoint_v two_o for_o the_o first_o legion_n three_o for_o the_o second_o two_o for_o the_o three_o and_o three_o for_o the_o four_o by_o which_o every_o legion_n have_v six_o military_a tribune_n and_o in_o every_o legion_n the_o young_a and_o elder_a tribune_n be_v disperse_v the_o four_o and_o twenty_o tribune_n thus_o choose_v and_o appoint_v they_o draw_v the_o tribe_n by_o lot_n out_o of_o the_o first_o they_o choose_v four_o soldier_n of_o the_o equal_a goodness_n they_o can_v out_o of_o which_o four_o the_o six_o tribune_n of_o the_o first_o legion_n choose_v one_o the_o six_o tribune_n of_o the_o second_o legion_n choose_v one_o the_o six_o tribune_n of_o the_o three_o legion_n one_o and_o the_o six_o tribune_n of_o the_o four_o legion_n have_v the_o remain_v one_o after_o this_o they_o choose_v other_o four_o soldier_n as_o equal_o good_a as_o they_o can_v out_o of_o the_o first_o tribe_n and_o then_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o second_o legion_n choose_v one_o first_o the_o tribunes_z of_o the_o three_o choose_v next_o the_o four_o next_o and_o the_o first_o have_v the_o one_o soldier_n remain_v and_o thus_o they_o do_v alternative_o till_o the_o legion_n be_v compose_v out_o of_o all_o the_o tribe_n so_o that_o the_o first_o legion_n have_v no_o advantage_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o its_o soldier_n over_o the_o other_o three_o but_o though_o this_o be_v a_o tedious_a way_n of_o choose_v yet_o it_o be_v a_o very_a impartial_a one_o and_o prove_v they_o stick_v at_o no_o trouble_n when_o it_o be_v to_o do_v equal_o to_o all_o after_o the_o foot_n soldier_n be_v choose_v the_o censor_n choose_v the_o cavalry_n the_o choice_n of_o the_o private_a soldier_n be_v thus_o make_v the_o tribune_n of_o every_o legion_n make_v every_o soldier_n one_o by_o one_o swear_v to_o obey_v and_o do_v all_o that_o shall_v be_v command_v he_o by_o his_o superior_n which_o be_v perform_v by_o every_o man_n raise_v his_o right_a hand_n and_o hold_v the_o thumb_n of_o it_o upright_o the_o tribune_n then_o divide_v every_o order_n of_o the_o soldier_n into_o century_n and_o cohort_n out_o of_o every_o one_o of_o which_o they_o make_v two_o election_n each_o of_o ten_o man_n the_o first_o election_n as_o the_o most_o honourable_a assist_v at_o general_a council_n of_o war_n and_o be_v in_o effect_n what_o the_o captain_n be_v in_o our_o time_n those_o of_o the_o second_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o lieutenant_n and_o though_o those_o of_o both_o the_o say_a election_n be_v call_v centurion_n yet_o the_o former_a be_v call_v first_o centurion_n those_o of_o the_o last_o second_o centurion_n after_o this_o the_o say_a centurion_n choose_v their_o vexillarii_n who_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ensign_n of_o our_o time_n but_o there_o be_v two_o of_o they_o to_o every_o cohort_n then_o they_o make_v choice_n of_o twenty_o tergiductor_n who_o be_v those_o that_o order_v the_o rear_n of_o the_o cohort_n whereby_o they_o have_v to_o every_o cohort_n two_o chief_n in_o the_o head_n and_o two_o in_o the_o rear_n beside_o their_o vexillarii_n a_o roman_a legion_n be_v usual_o divide_v into_o five_o order_n the_o infantry_n make_v four_o viz._n the_o velite_n hastati_fw-la principes_fw-la and_o triari_n the_o cavalry_n one_o every_o one_o of_o these_o four_o order_n of_o foot_n be_v divide_v into_o ten_o company_n those_o of_o the_o infantry_n be_v call_v century_n cohort_n or_o manniple_n those_o of_o the_o cavalry_n turmae_fw-la every_o one_o of_o the_o three_o first_o order_n of_o the_o infantry_n consist_v of_o twelve_o hundred_o soldier_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o ten_o company_n every_o one_o of_o which_o consist_v of_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o soldier_n the_o four_o order_n that_o of_o the_o triari_n consist_v but_o of_o six_o hundred_o soldier_n which_o make_v ten_o company_n each_o of_o sixty_o soldier_n the_o horse_n of_o a_o roman_a legion_n be_v but_o three_o hundred_o which_o make_v ten_o troop_n each_o of_o thirty_o so_o that_o usual_o a_o roman_a legion_n consist_v of_o four_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o foot_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n divide_v into_o forty_o company_n and_o ten_o troop_n they_o have_v as_o i_o say_v before_o often_o vary_v in_o their_o number_n but_o this_o have_v most_o usual_o be_v the_o quantity_n of_o soldier_n foot_n and_o horse_n which_o compose_v a_o roman_a legion_n the_o military_a tribune_n command_v their_o legion_n by_o turn_n two_o at_o a_o time_n for_o two_o month_n together_o and_o so_o alternate_o it_o go_v round_o there_o be_v great_a variety_n of_o opinion_n among_o ancient_a author_n about_o the_o name_n of_o century_n cohort_n and_o manniple_n but_o it_o be_v think_v they_o be_v but_o several_a appellation_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n though_o in_o some_o place_n of_o titus_n livy_n one_o may_v find_v a_o distinction_n from_o the_o cohort_n to_o the_o century_n and_o from_o the_o century_n to_o the_o manniple_n which_o many_o think_v do_v proceed_v from_o the_o legion_n be_v sometime_o increase_v to_o six_o thousand_o nay_o to_o seven_o thousand_o man_n and_o therefore_o such_o subdivision_n have_v be_v make_v we_o be_v leave_v much_o in_o the_o dark_a as_o to_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o soldiery_n among_o the_o greek_n whether_o it_o be_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o time_n in_o which_o they_o be_v most_o famous_a be_v remote_a or_o that_o the_o language_n be_v not_o so_o general_o understand_v as_o the_o latin_a or_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v conquer_a they_o suppress_v all_o trace_n of_o their_o method_n therein_o yet_o their_o gymnasia_n and_o their_o tactici_fw-la evidence_n enough_o they_o be_v sufficient_o careful_a in_o that_o important_a particular_a for_o none_o can_v expect_v to_o have_v a_o good_a orchard_n who_o have_v his_o tree_n out_o of_o a_o bad_a nursery_n it_o be_v worthy_a observation_n that_o we_o seldom_o or_o never_o read_v that_o the_o greek_n or_o the_o roman_n press_v soldier_n for_o the_o war_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o frequent_a in_o most_o country_n in_o our_o time_n and_o possible_o most_o in_o england_n of_o any_o kingdom_n i_o can_v fancy_v that_o this_o do_v entire_o proceed_v from_o their_o being_n more_o martial_o incline_v than_o the_o english_a be_v and_o be_v who_o without_o flattery_n to_o my_o countryman_n i_o think_v be_v as_o little_a apt_a to_o fear_v
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