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as_o be_v the_o settle_v the_o first_o rule_n of_o all_o knowledge_n or_o what_o be_v the_o very_a first_o self-evident_a and_o most_o firmly-grounded_n truth_n no_o speculation_n resolve_v all_o dependent_a truth_n into_o that_o which_o be_v absolutely-independent_a as_o the_o rule_n of_o all_o truth_n must_v be_v can_v be_v too_o accurate_a or_o lay_v too_o deep_a it_o be_v not_o then_o any_o humour_n of_o i_o or_o a_o kind_n of_o trial_n of_o skill_n which_o move_v i_o to_o this_o very_a abstract_a and_o metaphysical_a way_n of_o discourse_v but_o it_o be_v the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o present_a subject_n that_o force_v i_o upon_o it_o 19_o nor_o be_v it_o any_o care_n of_o overreach_v your_o acuteness_n nor_o the_o desire_n of_o oppose_v the_o rule_n of_o know_v truth_n introduce_v by_o the_o great_a cartesius_n which_o put_v i_o upon_o this_o unusual_a piece_n of_o doctrine_n i_o have_v above_o twenty_o year_n ago_o upon_o some_o hint_n give_v i_o by_o that_o second_o 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track_n of_o my_o thought_n while_o i_o be_v settle_v the_o ground_n to_o true_a science_n to_o clear_v those_o first_o truth_n from_o such_o unworthy_a misapprehension_n to_o this_o end_n i_o demonstrate_v there_o b._n 3._o lesle_n 1._o §_o 3._o that_o all_o the_o force_n of_o consequence_n in_o which_o consist_v our_o rationality_n can_v only_o be_v build_v upon_o such_o proposition_n i_o show_v b._n 2._o l._n 2._o in_o what_o their_o self-evidence_n consist_v what_o be_v the_o first_o of_o they_o and_o their_o several_a sort_n and_o degree_n i_o set_v myself_o to_o demonstrate_v by_o many_o argument_n from_o §_o 11._o to_o the_o end_n of_o that_o lesson_n that_o all_o first_o principle_n must_v be_v identical_a proposition_n and_o §_o 19_o that_o plain_a reason_n teach_v we_o it_o must_v be_v so_o which_o evince_v it_o follow_v that_o whoever_o deny_v these_o to_o be_v useful_a must_v with_o the_o same_o breath_n affirm_v that_o all_o first_o principle_n be_v useless_a and_o good_a for_o nothing_o which_o be_v a_o strange_a position_n nay_o since_o there_o be_v a_o order_n in_o truth_n and_o therefore_o all_o second_o principle_n have_v their_o force_n from_o the_o first_o it_o follow_v that_o we_o can_v have_v no_o use_n of_o second_o principle_n if_o the_o first_o be_v useless_a and_o so_o we_o must_v talk_v ramble_o and_o at_o random_n all_o our_o life_n without_o any_o principle_n at_o all_o i_o manifest_a the_o same_o l._n 3._o by_o instance_n fetch_v from_o the_o mathematics_n and_o other_o science_n and_o show_v what_o use_n be_v to_o be_v make_v of_o they_o which_o be_v not_o to_o make_v they_o either_o of_o the_o premise_n in_o a_o syllogism_n but_o to_o avail_v ourselves_o of_o they_o in_o a_o high_a nature_n i_o show_v b._n 2._o l._n 2._o §_o 18._o that_o even_o plain_a uncultivated_a nature_n make_v the_o vulgar_a recur_n to_o they_o as_o their_o first_o principle_n when_o they_o will_v express_v that_o which_o be_v decisive_a of_o the_o dispute_n 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the_o usefulness_n or_o influence_n of_o they_o upon_o all_o other_o truth_n most_o universal_a and_o therefore_o that_o they_o be_v every_o way_n qualify_v to_o be_v the_o first_o and_o only_a rule_n of_o know_v all_o truth_n whatever_n 20._o to_o comprehend_v better_o the_o evidence_n of_o this_o discourse_n let_v we_o imagine_v a_o man_n devest_v of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o identical_a proposition_n and_o then_o let_v we_o consider_v whether_o he_o can_v know_v any_o thing_n at_o all_o or_o what_o he_o be_v good_a for_o to_o instance_n in_o one_o of_o they_o let_v we_o suppose_v he_o ignorant_a that_o a_o thing_n be_v what_o it_o be_v or_o a_o cartesian_a that_o each_o idea_n be_v itself_o and_o no_o other_o and_o common_a sense_n will_v tell_v every_o one_o that_o such_o a_o man_n can_v know_v nothing_o nor_o make_v any_o judgement_n or_o discourse_n concern_v any_o thing_n or_o idea_n either_o since_o that_o thing_n or_o idea_n he_o will_v judge_v or_o discourse_n of_o be_v 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make_v to_o see_v truth_n and_o no_o truth_n in_o the_o first_o and_o proper_a signification_n of_o that_o word_n be_v possible_a to_o be_v have_v without_o affirm_v or_o deny_v hence_o it_o be_v natural_a and_o necessary_a that_o when_o it_o come_v to_o review_v the_o object_n in_o order_n to_o see_v its_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n it_o shall_v put_v it_o into_o the_o frame_n of_o a_o identical_a proposition_n only_o which_o kind_n of_o speech_n be_v capable_a to_o affirm_v or_o deny_v and_o this_o be_v that_o i_o mean_v when_o i_o use_v to_o say_v as_o i_o do_v frequent_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v comparative_a or_o relative_n for_o when_o a_o proposition_n be_v mould_v in_o the_o mind_n the_o predicate_v of_o it_o be_v compare_v or_o relate_v to_o the_o subject_a in_o order_n to_o see_v their_o agreement_n or_o
and_o sound_v to_o the_o bottom_n nothing_o will_v be_v find_v to_o support_v its_o truth_n but_o it_o will_v appear_v plain_a bald_a nonsense_n en_fw-fr cverpo_fw-es on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o light_v so_o that_o discourse_n that_o be_v solid_a and_o build_v all_o along_o on_o evident_a principle_n only_a which_o can_v clear_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o point_n do_v want_v the_o other_o sort_n of_o clearness_n which_o consist_v in_o explicate_v to_o recommend_v they_o to_o the_o like_n of_o the_o reader_n and_o this_o happen_v for_o two_o reason_n one_o because_o principle_n do_v consist_v of_o few_o word_n or_o notion_n and_o those_o too_o such_o as_o be_v general_n or_o universal_a one_o which_o do_v not_o admit_v such_o vary_v the_o phrase_n or_o smooth_a explication_n to_o make_v they_o more_o knowable_a their_o clearness_n consist_v only_o in_o the_o great_a simplicity_n of_o those_o general_a term_n and_o their_o close_a connexion_n the_o second_o reason_n be_v that_o those_o 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with_o a_o attentive_a and_o indifferent_a eye_n will_v easy_o observe_v that_o i_o first_o put_v my_o thesis_n and_o then_o endeavour_v to_o establish_v it_o by_o rigorous_a proof_n draw_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o subject_n treat_v of_o in_o those_o respective_a place_n and_o that_o the_o cartesian_o do_v not_o use_v to_o take_v any_o such_o method_n but_o place_v their_o hope_n of_o recommend_v their_o tenet_n to_o the_o reader_n be_v approbation_n in_o their_o explication_n which_o make_v it_o so_o difficult_a for_o a_o logician_n to_o find_v where_o their_o argument_n lie_v hide_v or_o where_o they_o press_v of_o which_o with_o just_a reason_n i_o so_o often_o complain_v 36._o thus_o much_o concern_v your_o method_n of_o prove_v by_o explicate_v or_o rather_o of_o substitute_v explication_n in_o the_o place_n of_o proof_n as_o for_o the_o other_o part_n of_o your_o method_n which_o be_v your_o put_a learner_n to_o meditate_v long_o and_o serious_o upon_o what_o you_o have_v propose_v to_o they_o i_o like_v that_o as_o ill_a as_o i_o do_v that_o of_o explicate_v and_o my_o reason_n be_v because_o unless_o man_n take_v principle_n along_o with_o they_o to_o guide_v their_o thought_n right_a and_o keep_v a_o attentive_a eye_n to_o they_o while_o they_o thus_o meditate_v it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v their_o long_a meditate_v will_n by_o its_o frequent_a dint_n so_o imprint_v and_o fix_v what_o you_o have_v tell_v they_o in_o their_o brain_n and_o at_o length_n make_v it_o sink_v so_o deep_a into_o their_o mind_n that_o whether_o it_o be_v right_o or_o wrong_n it_o will_v stick_v there_o as_o daily_a experience_n show_v we_o custom_n a_o second_o nature_n have_v a_o very_a powerful_a ascendent_n over_o the_o understanding_n to_o imbue_v we_o with_o false_a impression_n by_o the_o oftreiterated_n think_v upon_o any_o point_n that_o be_v disputable_a especial_o ingenious_a explication_n as_o be_v show_v late_o too_o often_o serve_v for_o reason_n to_o those_o who_o be_v not_o well_o verse_v in_o true_a logic_n 37._o but_o the_o main_a objection_n i_o make_v be_v that_o this_o method_n of_o you_o quite_o overthrow_v the_o rule_n of_o truth_n which_o you_o intend_v to_o establish_v by_o it_o for_o this_o rule_n be_v that_o upon_o which_o all_o all_o our_o knowledge_n of_o truth_n depend_v must_v be_v so_o very_o clear_a of_o itself_o above_o any_o thing_n we_o can_v add_v to_o its_o high_a evidence_n that_o it_o can_v possible_o need_v any_o explication_n nor_o meditation_n neither_o nor_o consequent_o can_v any_o strong_a argument_n be_v bring_v to_o demonstrate_v that_o this_o rule_n of_o you_o be_v not_o the_o right_a one_o than_o it_o be_v to_o confess_v or_o pretend_v that_o it_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o or_o even_o can_v admit_v assistance_n or_o light_n either_o from_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o for_o if_o it_o can_v need_v any_o explication_n it_o follow_v that_o it_o must_v be_v something_o obscure_a and_o if_o it_o can_v need_v pore_a and_o meditate_v upon_o it_o ere_o it_o be_v admit_v or_o can_v be_v know_v then_o it_o be_v far_o from_o be_v most_o self-evident_a both_o which_o utter_o destroy_v the_o nature_n of_o such_o a_o rule_n for_o since_o we_o must_v know_v all_o other_o truth_n by_o it_o its_o evidence_n must_v be_v the_o first_o thing_n to_o be_v know_v and_o therefore_o the_o knowledge_n of_o its_o truth_n must_v antecede_v the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o other_o truth_n whatsoever_o and_o be_v clear_a than_o they._n which_o be_v so_o manifest_a i_o wonder_v what_o thought_n or_o consideration_n our_o explicate_a or_o meditate_v can_v suggest_v that_o can_v do_v this_o first_o rule_n of_o truth_n any_o service_n or_o give_v it_o any_o advantage_n since_o all_o other_o being_n more_o obscure_a than_o it_o they_o may_v indeed_o can_v they_o affect_v it_o impart_v to_o it_o their_o own_o great_a obscurity_n and_o make_v it_o less_o clear_a and_o intelligible_a than_o it_o be_v but_o can_v never_o make_v it_o clear_a as_o have_v no_o great_a but_o far_o less_o clearness_n themselves_o last_o as_o this_o pretend_a necessity_n of_o explicate_v and_o meditate_v quite_o degrade_v you_o from_o be_v the_o genuine_a first_o and_o consequent_o the_o right_a rule_n of_o know_v truth_n so_o it_o abet_n we_o and_o give_v it_o a_o clear_a title_n to_o be_v such_o a_o rule_n since_o the_o self-evidence_n of_o those_o first_o truth_n express_v by_o identical_a proposition_n which_o be_v our_o rule_n be_v such_o as_o be_v both_o impossible_a to_o be_v explicate_v and_o impossible_a to_o need_v meditate_v to_o clear_v it_o to_o we_o but_o at_o the_o first_o instant_a we_o open_v the_o eye_n of_o our_o mind_n it_o discover_v itself_o full_o to_o all_o mankind_n to_o be_v most_o true_a and_o withal_o beget_v force_n and_o fix_v we_o in_o a_o full_a and_o firm_a assent_n to_o its_o verity_n 38._o perhaps_o it_o will_v be_v allege_v notwithstanding_o what_o i_o have_v say_v above_o that_o this_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n be_v not_o pretend_v to_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o truth_n in_o itself_o so_o that_o it_o establish_v truth_n fundamental_o but_o of_o truth_n to_o we_o or_o as_o the_o school_n phrase_v it_o quoad_fw-la nos_fw-la that_o be_v a_o rule_n whereby_o we_o may_v know_v what_o be_v truth_n what_o not_o and_o it_o seem_v that_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v to_o be_v such_o a_o rule_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o we_o must_v assent_v or_o hold_v a_o thing_n true_a when_o we_o see_v clear_o and_o distinct_o it_o be_v so_o nor_o ought_v we_o to_o assent_v or_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v true_a unless_o we_o do_v clear_o and_o distinct_o see_v it_o to_o be_v so_o i_o answer_v that_o this_o pretence_n be_v already_o forestalled_n in_o divers_a place_n of_o my_o former_a discourse_n where_o it_o be_v show_v by_o many_o instance_n that_o even_o in_o the_o opinion_n learned_a man_n hold_v this_o guide_v our_o thought_n and_o judgement_n by_o what_o appear_v 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nature_n in_o the_o world_n it_o must_v also_o be_v the_o most_o evident_a that_o can_v be_v or_o self-evident_a so_o that_o none_o can_v disagree_v dissent_n or_o be_v deceive_v in_o it_o but_o must_v see_v and_o assent_v to_o it_o in_o despite_n of_o any_o weakness_n of_o the_o understanding_n or_o any_o bias_n or_o obliquity_n of_o the_o will_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v hereafter_o our_o rule_n be_v and_o must_v be_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o this_o rule_n be_v that_o by_o mean_n of_o which_o a_o creature_n make_v for_o knowledge_n be_v capable_a of_o know_v any_o thing_n it_o follow_v that_o if_o it_o lay_v in_o any_o man_n power_n to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o this_o rule_n or_o to_o dissent_v from_o it_o or_o be_v deceive_v in_o it_o it_o will_v be_v in_o his_o power_n not_o mere_o to_o pervert_v but_o utter_o to_o destroy_v and_o unmake_v the_o nature_n give_v he_o by_o god_n and_o of_o cognoscitive_a or_o capable_a of_o knowledge_n make_v it_o cognoscitive_a or_o incapable_a of_o know_v any_o thing_n which_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n be_v fix_v by_o god_n wisdom_n to_o be_v what_o they_o be_v it_o be_v as_o impossible_a for_o any_o man_n to_o do_v as_o it_o be_v for_o he_o to_o put_v off_o his_o own_o individuality_n and_o not_o be_v the_o same_o person_n he_o be_v 7._o these_o note_n premise_v i_o come_v close_o to_o examine_v your_o rule_n of_o truth_n you_o say_v if_o you_o clear_o and_o distinct_o see_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v true_a you_o do_v thence_o certain_o know_v it_o to_o be_v so_o i_o allow_v the_o conditional_a proposition_n for_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o see_v that_o which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v see_v or_o â—o_o know_v that_o to_o be_v true_a which_o be_v not-true_a the_o only_a question_n then_o be_v whether_o this_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o truth_n mr._n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr very_o rational_o grant_v p._n 92._o there_o go_v more_o to_o constitute_v a_o rule_n of_o truth_n than_o to_o be_v true_a in_o order_n to_o the_o clear_v of_o which_o i_o ask_v be_v it_o true_a before_o you_o see_v clear_o and_o distinct_o it_o be_v true_a or_o do_v it_o become_v true_a by_o your_o see_v it_o as_o you_o phrase_v it_o clearly_n and_o distinct_o to_o be_v true_a if_o it_o be_v true_a before_o you_o thus_o see_v it_o to_o be_v true_a then_o it_o be_v unavoidable_a there_o be_v another_o rule_n or_o reason_n for_o that_o truth_n which_o antecede_v your_o see_v it_o to_o be_v such_o and_o therefore_o your_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n can_v not_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o know_v that_o truth_n be_v subsequent_a to_o it_o and_o if_o you_o say_v it_o become_v true_a by_o your_o see_v it_o clear_o and_o distinct_o than_o it_o be_v not_o true_a before_o and_o then_o you_o see_v that_o to_o be_v true_a
which_o be_v not_o true_a that_o be_v you_o see_v it_o to_o be_v otherwise_o than_o in_o effect_n and_o reality_n it_o be_v and_o consequent_o that_o pretend_a sight_n or_o perception_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o truth_n that_o it_o be_v a_o palpable_a error_n and_o mistake_n and_o therefore_o all_o the_o judgement_n issue_v from_o it_o must_v be_v false_a which_o instead_o of_o constitute_v it_o a_o rule_n of_o truth_n will_v make_v it_o indeed_o a_o rule_n of_o falshood_n 8._o to_o make_v this_o yet_o plain_o please_v to_o reflect_v that_o this_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n be_v such_o a_o act_n of_o your_o understanding_n and_o that_o all_o act_n have_v their_o be_v such_o from_o the_o object_n of_o those_o acts._n for_o the_o faculty_n or_o power_n of_o understanding_n be_v of_o itself_o indifferent_a and_o indetermined_a to_o all_o and_o every_o particular_a act_n and_o since_o nothing_o that_o be_v indetermine_v nor_o any_o act_n in_o common_a can_v be_v it_o follow_v that_o the_o be_v and_o be_v such_o of_o each_o act_n depend_v formal_o on_o the_o object_n and_o be_v such_o in_o particular_a as_o that_o object_n which_o inform_v the_o power_n be_v wherefore_o when_o you_o see_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a that_o which_o you_o see_v thus_o clear_o and_o distinct_o true_a must_v have_v be_v thus_o true_a before_o you_o see_v it_o to_o be_v so_o whence_o we_o ask_v what_o be_v that_o which_o make_v the_o object_n you_o perceiu'd-to-be-true_a to_o be_v true_a or_o what_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o truth_n to_o that_o object_n that_o be_v true_a ere_o you_o see_v it_o to_o be_v such_o must_v not_o the_o object_n be_v such_o ere_o you_o can_v know_v it_o to_o be_v such_o or_o clearly_n and_o distinct_o perceptible_a to_o be_v such_o before_o you_o can_v clearly_n and_o distinct_o perceive_v it_o to_o be_v such_o if_o not_o than_o you_o must_v say_v you_o can_v know_v what_o be_v not_o to_o be_v know_v or_o clearly_n and_o distinct_o perceive_v what_o be_v not_o clear_o and_o distinct_o to_o be_v perceive_v which_o be_v a_o perfect_a contradiction_n 9_o for_o instance_n since_o truth_n be_v no_o where_o to_o be_v find_v but_o in_o such_o speech_n as_o affirm_v or_o deny_v that_o be_v in_o proposition_n let_v we_o put_v some_o proposition_n which_o you_o thus_o clear_o and_o distinct_o perceive_v to_o be_v true_a and_o therefore_o as_o be_v late_o demonstrate_v must_v have_v be_v true_a before_o you_o see_v it_o to_o be_v so_o do_v it_o not_o clear_o follow_v that_o either_o that_o truth_n must_v have_v be_v make_v evident_a by_o another_o and_o that_o again_o by_o another_o and_o so_o in_o infinitum_fw-la by_o which_o mean_n nothing_o at_o all_o can_v ever_o be_v see_v to_o be_v true_a or_o else_o there_o must_v have_v be_v some_o first_o kind_n of_o truth_n who_o noonday_n evidence_n impart_v evidence_n to_o other_o and_o be_v itself_o visible_a or_o if_o you_o please_v clear_o and_o distinct_o perceptible_a to_o all_o mankind_n and_o force_v they_o at_o first_o sight_n to_o assent_v to_o its_o verity_n now_o if_o some_o such_o first_o kind_n of_o truth_n can_v be_v find_v which_o by_o their_o absolute_a self-evidence_n do_v as_o object_n of_o our_o understanding_n power_n necessary_o determine_v the_o understanding_n of_o all_o mankind_n to_o assent_v and_o do_v withal_o influence_n all_o our_o other_o truth_n and_o our_o knowledge_n of_o they_o then_o our_o act_n of_o perception_n be_v clear_o exclude_v from_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o truth_n these_o first_o truth_n have_v all_o the_o requisite_n that_o can_v be_v imagine_v for_o a_o ratio_fw-la cognoscendi_fw-la veritatem_fw-la or_o a_o rule_n of_o truth_n since_o they_o self-evident_o manifest_v to_o we_o their_o own_o truth_n and_o by_o it_o give_v we_o light_n to_o know_v all_o other_o let_v we_o pursue_v then_o the_o quest_n of_o these_o first_o truth_n our_o discourse_n because_o it_o concern_v and_o antecede_v all_o other_o knowledge_n and_o all_o particular_a truth_n must_v necessary_o be_v fetch_v from_o the_o deep_a ground_n and_o therefore_o mun_o needs_o be_v very_o speculative_a but_o i_o know_v i_o speak_v to_o he_o who_o pierce_v wit_n will_v easy_o comprehend_v it_o only_o i_o beseech_v you_o so_o far_o to_o bend_v your_o bias_n which_o you_o must_v needs_o have_v contract_v by_o your_o long_a and_o steady_a meditate_v on_o your_o way_n of_o idea_n till_o you_o reduce_v any_o obliquity_n that_o may_v have_v prepossess_v your_o good_a judgement_n to_o a_o rectitude_n or_o indifferency_n and_o then_o i_o can_v doubt_v but_o i_o may_v do_v you_o some_o service_n even_o perhaps_o against_o your_o will_n for_o evidence_n if_o clear_a and_o well_o penetrate_v do_v ofttimes_o force_v assent_n whether_o the_o will_n repugn_v or_o no._n 10._o the_o idea_n or_o essence_n of_o each_o piece_n of_o the_o world_n fabric_n be_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o divine_a architect_n ere_o they_o be_v make_v again_o since_o he_o do_v not_o make_v they_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o some_o bungle_a journeyman_n who_o may_v perhaps_o deviate_v from_o his_o pattern_n or_o model_n but_o immediate_o by_o his_o own_o infinite_a wisdom_n and_o power_n it_o can_v be_v doubt_v but_o that_o each_o part_n of_o the_o creation_n be_v frame_v exact_o according_a to_o the_o archetype_n of_o those_o unchangeable_a idea_n and_o therefore_o be_v perfect_o establish_v in_o its_o respective_a essence_n or_o nature_n as_o those_o original_a idea_n be_v that_o be_v they_o be_v fix_v to_o be_v what_o they_o be_v by_o a_o inerrable_a hand_n in_o which_o consist_v that_o which_o we_o call_v their_o metaphysical_a verity_n wherefore_o since_o all_o truth_n original_o primary_o and_o most_o fundamental_o consist_v in_o this_o metaphysical_a verity_n of_o thing_n it_o be_v the_o immediate_a effect_n of_o the_o divine_a wisdom_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o first_o formal_a truth_n that_o can_v be_v in_o our_o mind_n which_o consequent_o be_v the_o rule_n or_o principle_n to_o all_o other_o must_v be_v those_o which_o speak_v express_v or_o affirm_v this_o metaphysical_a verity_n or_o that_o the_o thing_n be_v what_o they_o be_v which_o kind_n of_o self-evident_a proposition_n can_v therefore_o be_v no_o other_o than_o those_o we_o call_v identical_a this_o be_v most_o evident_a and_o incontestable_a for_o since_o this_o metaphysical_a verity_n which_o next_o to_o the_o divine_a maker_n of_o all_o thing_n from_o who_o it_o immediate_o proceed_v be_v the_o ground_n and_o cause_n of_o all_o truth_n do_v consist_v in_o this_o that_o thing_n be_v fix_v in_o their_o essence_n or_o be_v what_o they_o be_v it_o be_v impossible_a to_o speak_v this_o truth_n or_o make_v it_o a_o formal_a truth_n by_o affirm_v or_o deny_v that_o be_v by_o put_v it_o into_o a_o proposition_n but_o by_o affirm_v that_o they_o be_v what_o they_o be_v which_o be_v most_o evident_o a_o identical_a proposition_n 11._o hitherto_o then_o it_o be_v undiscernible_a how_o it_o can_v with_o any_o show_n of_o reason_n be_v deny_v that_o the_o self-evidence_n that_o so_o visible_o shine_v in_o identical_a proposition_n bid_v fair_a towards_o their_o be_v the_o first_o rule_n of_o know_v all_o truth_n or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o the_o first_o principle_n to_o all_o other_o knowledge_n for_o 1._o there_o can_v be_v any_o so_o great_a clearness_n or_o evidence_n as_o be_v self-evidence_n nor_o so_o close_a connexion_n of_o the_o term_n in_o any_o proposition_n or_o speech_n that_o express_v truth_n as_o be_v perfect_a identity_n or_o self-connexion_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o the_o thing_n or_o mode_n of_o thing_n speak_v of_o be_v what_o it_o be_v or_o be_v its_o self_n 2._o it_o be_v impossible_a any_o thing_n else_o can_v be_v so_o solid_a or_o so_o firm_o establish_v be_v immediate_o build_v on_o the_o unchangeable_a metaphysical_a verity_n itself_o or_o rather_o be_v it_o speak_v and_o express_v which_o verity_n as_o be_v show_v be_v imprint_v in_o the_o essence_n of_o every_o create_a thing_n by_o the_o immediate_a hand_n of_o essential_a truth_n whence_o it_o be_v so_o near_o ally_v to_o that_o infinite_a truth_n itself_o that_o it_o be_v remove_v but_o one_o degree_n from_o it_o 3._o by_o reason_n of_o this_o connatural_a and_o immediate_a descent_n from_o that_o bright_a and_o most_o glorious_a luminary_n of_o all_o knowledge_n the_o father_n of_o light_n who_o be_v candor_n aeternae_fw-la lucis_fw-la and_o infinite_o intelligible_a it_o force_v the_o assent_n of_o all_o mankind_n to_o its_o verity_n insomuch_o that_o no_o disease_n can_v so_o pervert_v a_o rational_a be_v which_o have_v the_o least_o use_v of_o reason_n as_o to_o deny_v it_o or_o doubt_v of_o it_o nor_o suspend_v their_o judgement_n concern_v it_o nor_o can_v the_o high_a passion_n of_o the_o most_o profligate_v wretch_n
live_v hurry_v his_o understanding_n into_o the_o admittance_n of_o such_o a_o folly_n no_o scepticalness_n can_v call_v the_o truth_n and_o certainty_n of_o it_o into_o question_n no_o whimsical_a speculation_n can_v inveigle_v any_o man_n into_o a_o conceit_n that_o it_o can_v be_v false_a no_o opposition_n can_v make_v head_n against_o it_o since_o whatever_o can_v be_v allege_v to_o overthrow_v it_o must_v needs_o appear_v to_o be_v less_o evident_a than_o it_o and_o therefore_o unable_a to_o shock_v it_o no_o subtle_a distinction_n can_v impair_v its_o truth_n or_o pretend_v it_o be_v true_a in_o one_o respect_n but_o not_o in_o another_o since_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o distinguish_v the_o copula_fw-la be_v the_o notion_n of_o existence_n be_v so_o perfect_o simple_a and_o most_o formal_a or_o indivisible_a that_o it_o can_v admit_v of_o no_o distinction_n into_o divers_a formality_n according_a to_o one_o of_o which_o it_o may_v be_v true_a according_a to_o another_o false_a nor_o can_v it_o prejudice_v any_o such_o proposition_n to_o distinguish_v its_o subject_a or_o predicate_v since_o whatever_o distinction_n can_v fall_v here_o upon_o the_o subject_a must_v fall_v upon_o the_o predicate_v too_o both_o of_o they_o be_v the_o selfsame_a notion_n by_o which_o mean_n the_o identicalness_n and_o self-evidence_n of_o the_o proposition_n will_v be_v still_o the_o same_o after_o the_o distinction_n be_v give_v as_o it_o be_v before_o so_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o imagine_v that_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v propose_v which_o can_v in_o any_o regard_n or_o in_o any_o degree_n vie_n with_o identical_a proposition_n either_o in_o be_v so_o solid_o ground_v or_o so_o perfect_o clear_a undeniable_a unmistakable_a and_o place_v above_o the_o reach_n of_o any_o possible_a attack_z nor_o do_v cartesius_n himself_o among_o all_o the_o evident_a thing_n he_o call_v into_o doubt_n in_o the_o least_o question_v the_o evidence_n and_o truth_n of_o such_o proposition_n formal_o express_v nor_o can_v he_o have_v do_v it_o without_o utter_o destroy_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o certainty_n of_o all_o he_o can_v have_v say_v nay_o even_o of_o his_o own_o first_o principle_n too_o as_o will_v be_v see_v hereafter_o from_o all_o which_o consideration_n any_o one_o of_o which_o may_v suffice_v i_o may_v safe_o and_o evident_o conclude_v that_o in_o point_n of_o evidence_n of_o its_o truth_n and_o stability_n of_o its_o ground_n nothing_o can_v be_v any_o way_n comparable_a to_o the_o light_n which_o strike_v the_o eye_n of_o our_o understanding_n by_o its_o steady_a ray_n emit_v from_o these_o self-evident_a or_o identical_a proposition_n which_o go_v very_o far_o to_o the_o entitle_v these_o and_o these_o only_a to_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o know_v all_o truth_n or_o the_o first_o principle_n to_o all_o science_n in_o whatever_o particular_a subject_n not_o except_v even_o metaphysic_n itself_o 12._o notwithstanding_o all_o that_o have_v be_v so_o full_o evince_v hitherto_o i_o have_v as_o yet_o do_v but_o half_o my_o business_n or_o rather_o the_o better_a half_n be_v still_o leave_v behind_o for_o a_o first_o rule_n or_o first_o principle_n require_v another_o quality_n peculiar_a to_o itself_o to_o complete_a its_o notion_n beside_o its_o be_v thus_o solid_o ground_v and_o thus_o supreme_o evident_a which_o be_v that_o all_o other_o truth_n or_o knowledge_n must_v be_v rule_v or_o principled_a by_o it_o it_o must_v have_v a_o universal_a influence_n over_o all_o other_o knowledge_n and_o impart_v its_o light_n to_o they_o the_o former_a quality_n will_v i_o believe_v be_v grant_v to_o identical_a proposition_n by_o every_o attentive_a considerer_n who_o know_v what_o belong_v to_o logic_n or_o reason_n reflect_v on_o itself_o and_o be_v withal_o but_o mean_o verse_v in_o metaphysic_n this_o late_a qualification_n will_v be_v deny_v by_o many_o perhaps_o by_o most_o nay_o will_v be_v fancy_v and_o abet_v by_o very_a few_n for_o every_o one_o genius_n do_v not_o lead_v he_o to_o speculate_v so_o deep_a and_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o who_o have_v propose_v this_o high_a and_o nice_a point_n much_o less_o handle_v it_o at_o large_a though_o divers_a have_v give_v the_o ground_n whence_o it_o must_v follow_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o general_n dislike_a of_o identical_a proposition_n be_v because_o they_o have_v such_o a_o dry_a mien_n and_o contemptible_a aspect_n so_o unlikely_a to_o give_v we_o the_o least_o kind_a of_o instruction_n or_o light_n to_o know_v any_o thing_n but_o their_o own_o insignificant_a self_n that_o nothing_o seem_v more_o ridiculous_a than_o for_o any_o man_n who_o be_v to_o teach_v other_o even_o to_o propose_v such_o insipid_a say_n as_o a_o mean_n much_o less_o as_o a_o rule_n to_o gain_v the_o knowledge_n of_o any_o truth_n whatever_o nor_o be_v it_o discernible_a how_o we_o can_v come_v to_o know_v any_o thing_n or_o work_v out_o any_o new_a knowledge_n by_o make_v use_n of_o such_o blunt_a tool_n i_o think_v i_o have_v say_v the_o worst_a against_o they_o that_o the_o keen_a adversary_n can_v allege_v it_o remain_v then_o to_o show_v how_o i_o can_v clear_v they_o of_o this_o disgraceful_a character_n or_o make_v out_o that_o they_o have_v such_o a_o general_n influence_n over_o all_o other_o truth_n as_o be_v pretend_v 13._o i_o demand_v then_o of_o my_o opposer_n whether_o it_o be_v not_o fundamental_o necessary_a in_o all_o discourse_n about_o whatever_o truth_n to_o attend_v still_o and_o keep_v a_o eye_n direct_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o subject_n about_o which_o we_o be_v discourse_v and_o to_o take_v special_a care_n we_o do_v not_o deviate_v from_o it_o i_o do_v not_o think_v any_o scholar_n live_v attend_v to_o his_o natural_a thought_n or_o common_a sense_n will_v deny_v this_o for_o if_o any_o discourse_n make_v the_o thing_n be_v otherwise_o than_o it_o be_v it_o must_v necessary_o be_v false_a and_o expose_v the_o author_n of_o it_o to_o speak_v manifest_a contradiction_n now_o i_o do_v no_o more_o but_o this_o while_o i_o make_v self-evident_a or_o identical_a proposition_n to_o be_v the_o first_o rule_n or_o first_o principle_n of_o all_o other_o knowledge_n all_o i_o do_v be_v to_o keep_v a_o heedful_a eye_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o its_o metaphysical_a verity_n only_o because_o it_o be_v manifest_a to_o every_o reflecter_n that_o all_o our_o discourse_n be_v make_v up_o of_o proposition_n nor_o can_v a_o rule_n or_o principle_n be_v express_v but_o by_o such_o form_n of_o speech_n nor_o be_v the_o comparative_a or_o as_o i_o may_v say_v the_o compositive_a nature_n of_o our_o soul_n satisfy_v till_o it_o have_v bring_v the_o object_n it_o will_v discourse_v about_o into_o some_o formal_a truth_n her_o only_a perfection_n in_o this_o state_n which_o be_v express_v by_o a_o proposition_n hence_o we_o become_v force_v to_o put_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o its_o metaphysical_a verity_n into_o such_o a_o frame_n of_o speak_v so_o to_o fit_v it_o for_o discourse_n which_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o do_v but_o that_o speech_n or_o proposition_n whether_o we_o will_v or_o no_o must_v be_v a_o identical_a one_o 14._o as_o for_o their_o seem_v so_o ridiculous_a and_o dry_v this_o happen_v because_o of_o their_o most_o perfect_a simplicity_n have_v as_o little_a composition_n in_o they_o as_o be_v possible_a or_o rather_o none_o at_o all_o but_o what_o be_v in_o the_o form_n of_o expression_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o your_o acute_a judgement_n be_v well_o aware_a that_o the_o first_o stamina_n in_o what_o kind_n soever_o be_v and_o must_v be_v the_o most_o simple_a and_o therefore_o such_o that_o shall_v nature_n stop_v her_o course_n there_o and_o proceed_v no_o far_o they_o will_v be_v the_o most_o insipid_a and_o useless_a thing_n in_o nature_n and_o yet_o from_o such_o simple_a beginning_n or_o to_o use_v virgil_n expression_n tenues_fw-la orsus_fw-la all_o the_o most_o perfect_a production_n in_o whole_a nature_n have_v their_o rise_n nor_o can_v any_o work_n of_o she_o ever_o arrive_v at_o maturity_n or_o attain_v to_o that_o admirable_a frame_n it_o afterward_o grow_v up_o to_o unless_o it_o have_v have_v at_o first_o such_o a_o simple_a and_o shapeless_a origin_n the_o same_o happen_v in_o the_o first_o stamina_n of_o all_o our_o succeed_v knowledge_n they_o be_v so_o simple_a and_o have_v such_o a_o odd_a bald_a and_o unfledged_a appearance_n that_o we_o know_v not_o what_o to_o make_v of_o they_o when_o we_o regard_v they_o only_o in_o themselves_o or_o what_o use_v they_o be_v of_o in_o the_o acquisition_n of_o science_n yet_o without_o such_o simple_a beginning_n forelaid_a in_o our_o know_a power_n no_o distinct_a knowledge_n at_o all_o can_v be_v have_v of_o any_o other_o thing_n as_o will_n most_o clear_o appear_v short_o 15._o we_o may_v observe_v
disagreement_n without_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v know_v to_o be_v in_o proper_a speech_n true_a or_o false_a in_o which_o position_n mr._n lock_v perfect_o agree_v with_o i_o now_o set_v aside_o extrinsical_a denomination_n which_o be_v not_o at_o all_o find_v in_o the_o thing_n but_o mere_o tack_v to_o it_o by_o our_o consideration_n this_o compare_v be_v either_o of_o the_o mode_n to_o the_o thing_n and_o see_v in_o general_a how_o it_o affect_v it_o as_o be_v see_v in_o the_o two_o last_v predicable_n of_o porphyrius_n which_o because_o modes_n be_v not_o distinct_a thing_n and_o yet_o differ_v vast_o from_o the_o formal_a notion_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o of_o which_o they_o be_v modes_n can_v only_o be_v connect_v with_o it_o material_o or_o as_o belong_v to_o the_o thing_n as_o their_o subject_n or_o else_o the_o mind_n compare_v the_o thing_n to_o what_o be_v formal_a or_o essential_a to_o it_o and_o this_o either_o in_o the_o whole_a as_o be_v find_v in_o our_o identical_a proposition_n for_o which_o reason_n i_o be_o force_v to_o make_v a_o six_o predicable_a in_o which_o the_o whole_a be_v predicate_v entire_o and_o formal_o of_o the_o whole_a or_o else_o in_o part_n when_o some_o part_n of_o the_o essence_n or_o nature_n of_o the_o whole_a thing_n be_v predicate_v or_o compare_v to_o it_o diverse_o as_o be_v see_v in_o porphyrius_n three_o first_a predicable_n call_v genus_fw-la species_n and_o difference_n which_o do_v all_o of_o they_o in_o part_n belong_v to_o the_o essence_n these_o note_n borrow_a from_o logic_n and_o premise_v it_o be_v here_o far_o to_o be_v note_a that_o all_o those_o comparison_n or_o relation_n the_o soul_n make_v in_o whatever_o proposition_n be_v do_v by_o that_o relation_n call_v identity_n as_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o copula_fw-la est._n wherefore_o to_o review_v what_o we_o say_v late_o the_o predicate_v belong_v to_o the_o two_o last_v predicable_n of_o porphyrius_n be_v refer_v only_o according_a to_o material_a identity_n or_o only_o as_o find_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o same_o thing_n and_o not_o as_o essential_a to_o it_o the_o three_o former_a be_v relate_v or_o compare_v as_o identify_v formal_o to_o the_o thing_n yet_o still_o so_o as_o but_o several_a part_n of_o its_o essence_n the_o 6_o be_v when_o the_o whole_a thing_n be_v compare_v relate_v to_o or_o identify_v with_o the_o whole_a thing_n and_o this_o entire_o or_o according_a to_o all_o that_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n and_o this_o way_n of_o compare_v or_o relate_v the_o whole_a thing_n to_o its_o self_n be_v that_o relation_n of_o identity_n which_o be_v the_o most_o essential_a most_o formal_a and_o most_o express_o such_o of_o all_o other_o and_o be_v only_o find_v in_o those_o proposition_n we_o call_v first_o principles_n which_o proposition_n be_v for_o the_o reason_n give_v most_o full_o and_o proper_o such_o we_o do_v therefore_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d call_v identical_a 22._o whence_o may_v be_v see_v that_o the_o virtue_n of_o identical_a proposition_n thread_n or_o run_v through_o all_o those_o proposition_n that_o be_v essential_a and_o collateral_o those_o also_o who_o predicate_v be_v immediate_o and_o necessary_o connect_v with_o the_o essence_n for_o since_o the_o part_n be_v find_v in_o the_o whole_a and_o all_o identification_n in_o part_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o identification_n of_o the_o whole_a thing_n with_o its_o self_n it_o follow_v that_o proposition_n or_o truth_n in_o which_o the_o predicate_a be_v but_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v in_o reality_n but_o part_n of_o our_o identical_o nor_o be_v this_o all_o but_o the_o force_n of_o every_o consequence_n too_o be_v ground_v on_o they_o in_o which_o consist_v all_o our_o rationality_n as_o be_v show_v above_o whence_o mr._n lock_v in_o his_o essay_n b._n 4._o ch._n 2._o §_o 7._o show_n very_o judicious_o that_o every_o step_v we_o take_v in_o true_a demonstration_n be_v make_v by_o intuitive_a or_o self-evident_a knowledge_n 23._o whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o even_o your_o rule_n will_v force_v you_o though_o contrary_a to_o your_o intention_n to_o come_v over_o to_o we_o and_o will_v oblige_v you_o to_o guide_v yourselves_o by_o connexion_n of_o term_n which_o be_v our_o way_n however_o you_o strive_v to_o avoid_v it_o you_o say_v that_o when_o you_o clear_o and_o distinct_o see_v a_o proposition_n to_o be_v true_a it_o must_v be_v so_o and_o we_o say_v you_o can_v never_o see_v a_o proposition_n to_o be_v true_a but_o when_o you_o see_v its_o two_o extreme_n or_o the_o subject_a and_o predicate_v connect_v you_o will_v allege_v you_o see_v it_o in_o your_o idea_n but_o as_o be_v show_v above_o there_o be_v three_o part_n in_o a_o proposition_n which_o have_v each_o of_o they_o a_o distinct_a idea_n in_o regard_n the_o selfsame_a idea_n which_o be_v of_o the_o subject_a can_v be_v the_o idea_n of_o the_o predicate_a for_o this_o will_v throw_v you_o upon_o identical_a proposition_n which_o be_v our_o rule_n and_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o copula_fw-la be_v most_o evident_o quite_o different_a from_o the_o other_o two_o be_v precise_o that_o which_o affirm_v or_o deny_v which_o neither_o of_o the_o other_o do_v this_o be_v so_o i_o beseech_v you_o to_o reflect_v that_o truth_n which_o be_v the_o thing_n in_o question_n can_v consist_v in_o these_o idea_n single_o consider_v for_o take_v thus_o they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o simple_z apprehension_n which_o can_v neither_o be_v true_a nor_o false_a it_o remain_v then_o that_o you_o must_v confess_v truth_n can_v be_v only_o in_o those_o idea_n put_v together_o or_o connect_v nor_o can_v they_o be_v connect_v but_o by_o that_o which_o only_o be_v apt_a to_o connect_v or_o identify_v they_o viz._n by_o the_o copula_fw-la est_fw-fr for_o these_o three_o part_n can_v be_v frame_v into_o one_o speech_n by_o any_o other_o manner_n but_o by_o put_v the_o word_n est_fw-la between_o they_o wherefore_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o you_o can_v pretend_v to_o see_v clear_o and_o distinct_o that_o any_o proposition_n be_v true_a which_o be_v your_o rule_n to_o know_v truth_n but_o by_o see_v its_o say_a term_n connect_v or_o identify_v i_o see_v not_o how_o you_o can_v even_o in_o your_o way_n of_o idea_n deny_v this_o clear_a discourse_n and_o if_o you_o grant_v it_o we_o be_v thus_o far_o friend_n only_o we_o add_v that_o to_o make_v such_o connexion_n the_o rule_n to_o all_o other_o you_o must_v allow_v they_o to_o be_v self-connexions_n or_o identical_a which_o be_v our_o position_n so_o that_o which_o way_n soever_o you_o wriggle_v to_o avoid_v our_o rule_n the_o light_n of_o common_a reason_n or_o natural_a logic_n will_v force_v you_o into_o it_o whether_o you_o will_v or_o no._n 24._o as_o for_o the_o dryness_n of_o identical_a proposition_n which_o go_v not_o down_o with_o some_o man_n of_o fancy_n i_o have_v this_o to_o add_v that_o that_o which_o be_v object_v to_o they_o as_o scandalous_a and_o opprobrious_a be_v in_o reality_n a_o great_a commendation_n to_o they_o for_o this_o conceit_n of_o their_o dryness_n spring_v from_o their_o seem_n too_o obvious_a whereas_o be_v not_o the_o very_a first_o principle_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o know_v all_o truth_n thus_o most_o plain_a easie_n and_o obvious_a but_o need_v the_o least_o reflection_n or_o consideration_n they_o will_v be_v utter_o unfit_a to_o be_v what_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v first_o principle_n and_o self-evident_a nothing_o please_v the_o palate_n of_o such_o gentleman_n which_o be_v not_o new_a or_o such_o as_o they_o know_v not_o before_o not_o reflect_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n that_o nothing_o be_v new_a but_o conclusion_n late_o deduce_v and_o that_o all_o first_o principle_n must_v be_v as_o old_a as_o nature_n or_o mankind_n itself_o nor_o can_v they_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o truth_n which_o must_v oblige_v all_o mankind_n to_o see_v their_o evidence_n and_o assent_v to_o their_o verity_n be_v they_o otherwise_o 25._o how_o pretty_a a_o delusive_a faculty_n be_v this_o fancy_n of_o we_o and_o how_o apt_a if_o we_o be_v not_o aware_a to_o decoy_n we_o every_o step_n into_o error_n by_o customary_a appearance_n which_o by_o strike_v often_o upon_o it_o will_v fool_v our_o reason_n our_o own_o thought_n and_o those_o of_o other_o do_v in_o all_o our_o conversation_n use_v to_o come_v to_o we_o clad_v in_o word_n whence_o it_o happen_v that_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a liquid_o and_o clear_o to_o strip_v the_o sense_n from_o those_o word_n and_o to_o consider_v it_o and_o nothing_o but_o it._n if_o a_o man_n say_v every_o thing_n be_v distinct_a from_o all_o other_o thing_n none_o be_v apt_a to_o smile_v at_o he_o or_o impute_v it_o as_o ridiculous_a or_o foolish_a but_o if_o he_o say_v a_fw-la thing_n be_v its_o self_n witty_a
they_o to_o be_v similitude_n which_o mr._n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr deny_v and_o be_v so_o at_o variance_n with_o himself_o that_o he_o put_v they_o to_o be_v many_o several_a sort_n of_o thing_n and_o those_o inconsistent_a with_o one_o another_o and_o so_o make_v they_o to_o be_v chimaera_n this_o inconsonancy_n of_o those_o writer_n with_o one_o another_o and_o with_o their_o own_o self_n make_v it_o very_o dubious_a that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o these_o idea_n at_o all_o at_o least_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o they_o who_o ground_n all_o their_o doctrine_n upon_o they_o do_v not_o know_v what_o they_o be_v and_o therefore_o they_o build_v all_o their_o hypothesis_n on_o they_o know_v not_o what_o and_o if_o this_o be_v so_o than_o the_o immediate_a object_n of_o their_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n be_v perhaps_o a_o nonentity_n or_o at_o least_o such_o a_o entity_n as_o no_o man_n live_v nor_o themselves_o neither_o know_v what_o to_o make_v of_o it_o 28._o again_o this_o object_n which_o you_o clear_o and_o distinct_o see_v to_o be_v true_a must_v be_v some_o mental_a proposition_n for_o nothing_o can_v be_v formal_o true_a but_o some_o speech_n that_o affirm_v or_o deny_v now_o say_v we_o it_o be_v most_o incontestable_a that_o the_o first_o proposition_n we_o can_v make_v of_o a_o thing_n be_v to_o affirm_v its_o metaphysical_a verity_n or_o to_o say_v it_o be_v this_o or_o its_o self_n and_o no_o other_o for_o the_o subject_a be_v the_o basis_n of_o all_o our_o thought_n we_o must_v fix_v it_o certain_o clear_o and_o distinct_o ere_o we_o can_v with_o certainty_n say_v any_o thing_n else_o of_o it_o this_o proposition_n then_o say_v we_o be_v such_o that_o our_o understanding_n no_o soon_o open_v its_o eye_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o it_o but_o it_o must_v assent_v to_o it_o because_o of_o the_o self-evident_a identification_n of_o its_o term_n who_o self-evidence_n we_o do_v therefore_o make_v our_o rule_n it_o remain_v then_o that_o you_o show_v we_o some_o truth_n or_o proposition_n which_o be_v before_o this_o which_o we_o think_v to_o be_v the_o first_o and_o which_o both_o make_v itself_o thus_o visible_a and_o also_o by_o its_o self-evident_a light_n gives_z clearness_n and_o intelligibility_n to_o all_o other_o truth_n and_o last_o which_o be_v so_o firm_o ground_v that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o solid_a first_o principle_n and_o not_o a_o airy_n and_o fantastic_a conceit_n you_o must_v then_o we_o say_v produce_v and_o show_v we_o some_o other_o proposition_n than_o that_o you_o have_v bring_v hitherto_o which_o tell_v we_o your_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n be_v your_o rule_n for_o this_o you_o see_v be_v already_o by_o many_o unanswerable_a argument_n throw_v out_o of_o door_n and_o show_v unfit_a to_o be_v a_o rule_n and_o till_o you_o do_v this_o you_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v offend_v if_o we_o tell_v you_o friendly_a and_o plain_o that_o you_o have_v no_o rule_n of_o truth_n at_o all_o 29._o thus_o much_o for_o the_o immediate_a object_n of_o your_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n as_o for_o the_o act_n it_o self_n i_o beseech_v you_o sir_n consider_v on_o what_o a_o sandy_a foundation_n you_o will_v build_v all_o truth_n what_o signify_v you_o or_o i_o or_o any_o man_n judgement_n that_o he_o clear_o and_o distinct_o see_v a_o truth_n or_o that_o he_o must_v assent_v or_o may_v not_o assent_v to_o it_o what_o signify_v these_o i_o say_v to_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o thing_n must_v truth_n be_v build_v on_o man_n judgement_n or_o their_o manner_n of_o conceive_v what_o be_v true_a be_v infallible_o such_o and_o this_o by_o virtue_n of_o its_o ground_n be_v our_o judgement_n or_o manner_n of_o conceive_v such_o a_o certain_a ground_n or_o infallible_a how_o many_o instance_n be_v the_o world_n full_a of_o to_o prove_v those_o perception_n of_o we_o though_o judge_v by_o we_o most_o evident_a to_o be_v fallacious_a a_o passionate_a man_n high_o injure_v and_o bend_v upon_o revenge_n judge_n it_o most_o evident_a that_o he_o ought_v to_o take_v his_o private_a satisfaction_n and_o you_o can_v do_v no_o more_o but_o very_o judge_v you_o have_v this_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n that_o such_o or_o such_o a_o proposition_n be_v true_a i_o be_o to_o presume_v that_o those_o cartesian_o who_o stigmatise_v i_o with_o the_o ignominious_a note_n of_o be_v impious_a against_o god_n etc._n etc._n judge_v they_o do_v clear_o see_v i_o be_v thus_o wicked_a for_o otherwise_o they_o leave_v their_o own_o belove_a rule_n to_o blacken_v i_o which_o be_v too_o high_a a_o malice_n for_o any_o man_n to_o charge_v they_o with_o and_o yet_o no_o man_n live_v as_o far_o as_o myself_o or_o my_o friend_n can_v discern_v do_v think_v so_o but_o themselves_o for_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o conceive_v that_o if_o other_o have_v think_v so_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v have_v that_o zeal_n for_o god_n honour_n as_o to_o object_v it_o or_o reprehend_v i_o for_o it_o nor_o be_o i_o to_o doubt_v but_o they_o think_v they_o clear_o and_o distinct_o see_v that_o when_o i_o say_v annihilation_n be_v impossible_a i_o do_v by_o that_o doctrine_n set_v upon_o god_n himself_o and_o yet_o though_o the_o learned_a albius_n maintain_v the_o same_o in_o his_o metaphysic_n 50_o year_n before_o no_o friend_n ever_o admonish_v he_o that_o by_o say_v so_o he_o have_v fall_v into_o a_o wicked_a error_n nor_o any_o of_o his_o opposer_n who_o be_v very_o learned_a man_n though_o they_o gather_v many_o proposition_n out_o of_o his_o book_n which_o seem_v to_o sound_v ill_a do_v ever_o object_v this_o whereas_o have_v they_o judge_v it_o impious_a they_o will_v not_o have_v spare_v he_o but_o have_v lay_v load_n upon_o he_o for_o it_o but_o it_o seem_v they_o all_o want_v this_o gift_n of_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o cartesian_o to_o come_v to_o other_o instance_n how_o frequent_o be_v people_n mistake_v in_o think_v 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inconvenience_n our_o rule_n be_v free_a for_o who_o can_v out_o of_o humour_n precipitancy_n fancy_n disease_n or_o any_o other_o casualty_n whatever_o be_v deceive_v in_o judge_v that_o identical_a proposition_n be_v true_a this_o then_o unanswerable_o conclude_v we_o to_o be_v the_o genuine_a rule_n of_o truth_n in_o regard_n this_o must_v be_v such_o as_o all_o man_n must_v be_v force_v to_o assent_v to_o unanimous_o agree_v in_o it_o nor_o can_v ever_o hap_v to_o be_v deceive_v in_o it_o by_o any_o chance_n whatever_o since_o otherwise_o the_o whole_a nature_n of_o those_o man_n will_v be_v deprave_v and_o good_a for_o nothing_o as_o have_v no_o rule_n by_o which_o to_o know_v any_o truth_n whatever_o nay_o it_o must_v be_v such_o as_o may_v be_v produce_v open_o by_o the_o asserter_n of_o any_o truth_n that_o by_o allege_v it_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o convince_v other_o that_o what_o they_o maintain_v be_v a_o real_a truth_n and_o not_o some_o fantastic_a conceit_n of_o their_o own_o without_o which_o their_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n be_v invisible_a and_o so_o can_v satisfy_v no_o man_n nor_o clear_v themselves_o from_o be_v self-conceited_a but_o to_o argue_v like_o fanatic_n who_o pretend_v they_o discern_v thing_n by_o a_o inward_a light_n which_o none_o can_v see_v but_o themselves_o nor_o they_o themselves_o make_v it_o visible_a to_o other_o of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o 30._o i_o beg_v of_o you_o once_o more_o the_o point_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n that_o this_o question_n concern_v your_o rule_n may_v be_v right_o state_v and_o understand_v none_o doubt_v but_o that_o if_o we_o clear_o know_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a it_o be_v true_a otherwise_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o we_o may_v know_v what_o be_v not_o or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o may_v know_v that_o which_o be_v
not_o to_o be_v know_v the_o only_a question_n then_o be_v whether_o we_o may_v not_o be_v mistake_v in_o judge_v we_o know_v it_o when_o indeed_o we_o do_v not_o know_v it_o but_o only_o fancy_v it_o which_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o common_a among_o all_o mankind_n that_o not_o very_o many_o escape_v this_o fault_n of_o overween_a wherefore_o ere_o you_o can_v pretend_v that_o this_o rule_n of_o you_o be_v useful_a and_o a_o certain_a mean_n to_o know_v truth_n you_o shall_v first_o prescribe_v we_o some_o self-evident_a rule_n how_o we_o may_v know_v assure_o that_o our_o judgement_n that_o we_o do_v clear_o and_o distinct_o know_v a_o thing_n be_v not_o a_o mistake_n for_o otherwise_o we_o be_v often_o apt_a to_o think_v we_o do_v most_o certain_o know_v a_o thing_n when_o we_o have_v only_o a_o lively_a apprehension_n or_o fancy_n of_o it_o beside_o which_o this_o rule_n must_v have_v force_n upon_o all_o mankind_n that_o we_o may_v easy_o make_v it_o out_o to_o other_o that_o we_o 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do_v clear_o and_o distinct_o know_v and_o do_v not_o mistake_v or_o rash_o presume_v i_o know_v as_o we_o experience_n the_o generality_n of_o mankind_n do_v which_o evident_o conclude_v that_o the_o proposition_n by_o which_o you_o express_v your_o pretend_a rule_n of_o know_v may_v indeed_o be_v a_o truth_n in_o case_n you_o do_v real_o know_v but_o can_v never_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o truth_n to_o you_o i_o or_o any_o man_n for_o this_o must_v be_v first_o know_v or_o self-known_a to_o all_o mankind_n or_o otherwise_o it_o need_v another_o antecedent_n rule_n to_o make_v it_o useful_a and_o so_o it_o be_v rule_v and_o no_o rule_n here_o it_o be_v then_o that_o the_o point_n stick_v and_o here_o it_o be_v like_a to_o stick_v for_o any_o thing_n i_o can_v imagine_v in_o behalf_n of_o the_o cartesian_o 31._o i_o be_o apt_a to_o apprehend_v that_o your_o acute_a wit_n will_v object_v that_o some_o few_o of_o those_o instance_n i_o allege_v former_o of_o man_n who_o very_o judge_v they_o clear_o and_o distinct_o know_v such_o and_o such_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a and_o yet_o be_v mistake_v in_o thus_o judge_v do_v fall_v short_a of_o conclude_v i_o mean_v those_o that_o concern_v people_n in_o disease_n which_o you_o may_v with_o some_o reason_n think_v be_v know_v to_o be_v plain_a deviation_n from_o nature_n by_o a_o easy_a criterion_n viz._n by_o the_o standard_n of_o mankind_n who_o have_v the_o right_a use_n of_o their_o reason_n which_o i_o shall_v not_o contest_v with_o you_o nor_o have_v i_o bring_v such_o as_o these_o but_o that_o i_o see_v your_o writer_n bring_v the_o same_o against_o the_o certainty_n of_o our_o sense_n as_o that_o icterical_a people_n see_v all_o thing_n yellow_a and_o such_o like_a which_o be_v solve_v by_o the_o same_o criterion_n but_o what_o be_v these_o to_o many_o other_o which_o i_o there_o allege_v and_o can_v press_v far_o be_v it_o suitable_a to_o the_o brevity_n i_o have_v intend_v to_o force_v that_o objection_n home_o what_o shall_v we_o think_v of_o speculative_a man_n and_o great_a philosopher_n nay_o of_o many_o great_a mathematician_n who_o think_v they_o have_v most_o certain_o square_v the_o circle_n they_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v man_n in_o their_o perfect_a wit_n nay_o they_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v candid_a too_o and_o moreover_o learned_a and_o which_o be_v more_o both_o side_n offer_v demonstration_n for_o their_o tenet_n and_o have_v ofttimes_o great_a multitude_n that_o follow_v they_o and_o embrace_v their_o doctrine_n can_v it_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o such_o very_a learned_a acute_a and_o ingenious_a man_n do_v very_o judge_n that_o they_o clear_o and_o distinct_o see_v their_o doctrine_n to_o be_v true_a and_o yet_o we_o be_v certain_a that_o since_o they_o contradict_v one_o another_o one_o side_n must_v needs_o be_v in_o a_o error_n in_o that_o judgement_n we_o will_v bring_v it_o yet_o near_o home_n and_o lay_v it_o even_o at_o our_o own_o door_n 32._o i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o yourself_o for_o i_o can_v suspect_v your_o candour_n do_v very_o judge_v that_o you_o clear_o and_o distinct_o perceive_v or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o have_v perfect_a evidence_n that_o your_o way_n of_o ideas_n be_v the_o true_a way_n to_o science_n and_o i_o on_o the_o other_o side_n be_o as_o full_o persuade_v as_o that_o i_o live_v that_o i_o do_v clear_o and_o distinct_o see_v it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v the_o way_n to_o science_n that_o it_o be_v perfect_o groundless_a and_o lead_v to_o innumerable_a error_n that_o you_o be_v thus_o persuade_v seem_v very_o evident_a to_o you_o for_o which_o i_o be_o very_o willing_a to_o take_v your_o word_n and_o that_o i_o be_o thus_o full_o persuade_v i_o do_v clearly_n and_o distinct_o see_v the_o contrary_a beside_o my_o faithful_a asseveration_n i_o believe_v indifferent_a man_n will_v think_v i_o have_v give_v sufficient_a testimony_n by_o bring_v so_o many_o pretend_a demonstration_n against_o your_o way_n and_o hazard_v my_o credit_n by_o vouch_v they_o to_o be_v conclusive_a which_o therefore_o be_v so_o many_o sure_a gauge_n for_o my_o sincerity_n when_o i_o declare_v this_o to_o be_v my_o sentiment_n add_v that_o these_o demonstration_n be_v not_o like_a flash_n of_o wit_n coin_v by_o my_o own_o brain_n for_o then_o perhaps_o i_o may_v for_o some_o by-end_n of_o applause_n or_o some_o such_o foolery_n have_v false_o pretend_v they_o be_v my_o true_a thought_n but_o they_o be_v all_o build_v upon_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o subject_a in_o hand_n which_o be_v establish_v to_o be_v what_o it_o be_v it_o be_v beyond_o the_o wit_n or_o power_n of_o man_n to_o make_v mar_v alter_v or_o deface_v it_o and_o shall_v i_o go_v about_o to_o disguise_n or_o misrepresent_v it_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o any_o adversary_n to_o show_v i_o speak_v contradiction_n and_o expose_v i_o to_o open_a shame_n for_o my_o confident_a ignorance_n for_o what_o be_v against_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n make_v that_o thing_n to_o be_v what_o it_o be_v not_o which_o be_v a_o plain_a contradiction_n this_o then_o be_v so_o manifest_a that_o i_o may_v convince_v you_o by_o your_o own_o method_n why_o ought_v not_o you_o by_o your_o way_n of_o doubt_v of_o every_o thing_n that_o have_v any_o show_n or_o possibility_n of_o falsehood_n or_o any_o uncertainty_n to_o lay_v aside_o and_o renounce_v your_o rule_n of_o truth_n as_o uncertain_a and_o fallacious_a since_o we_o do_v both_o of_o we_o follow_v it_o to_o our_o power_n and_o yet_o since_o we_o contradict_v one_o another_o so_o diametrical_o one_o of_o we_o be_v notwithstanding_o in_o a_o vast_a error_n here_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n then_o against_o the_o usefulness_n of_o your_o rule_n and_o that_o
too_o as_o certain_a and_o evident_a as_o that_o one_o or_o both_o of_o we_o be_v not_o the_o worst_a sort_n of_o hypocrite_n that_o be_v belie_v himself_o and_o his_o own_o thought_n whereas_o i_o believe_v no_o man_n that_o know_v either_o of_o we_o have_v ever_o such_o a_o bad_a opinion_n of_o we_o i_o can_v press_v this_o topick_n much_o far_o but_o i_o have_v rather_o leave_v it_o to_o your_o sincere_a and_o deliberate_a consideration_n 33._o the_o rule_n by_o which_o we_o be_v to_o know_v truth_n ought_v therefore_o as_o be_v say_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n oblige_v all_o mankind_n to_o assent_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v apt_a of_o itself_o to_o compose_v all_o difference_n in_o opinion_n by_o apply_v and_o bear_v up_o to_o it_o whereas_o you_o can_v compose_v none_o at_o all_o but_o contrariwise_o engage_v learned_a man_n in_o a_o endless_a wrangle_n we_o both_o grant_v that_o if_o we_o see_v a_o thing_n clear_o to_o be_v true_a it_o be_v true_a since_o common_a sense_n tell_v every_o man_n that_o none_o can_v see_v what_o be_v not_o to_o be_v see_v nor_o be_v there_o any_o such_o mystery_n or_o mastership_n in_o advance_v this_o obvious_a position_n or_o for_o magnify_v cartesius_n so_o high_o for_o invent_v it_o since_o i_o think_v no_o man_n live_v ever_o deny_v it_o the_o question_n be_v which_o of_o we_o have_v this_o true_a evidence_n which_o you_o call_v clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n you_o will_v say_v you_o have_v it_o and_o i_o want_v it_o i_o shall_v reply_v that_o i_o have_v it_o and_o you_o want_v it_o you_o will_v blame_v some_o defect_n in_o my_o understanding_n or_o some_o untoward_a bias_n or_o propension_n of_o my_o will_n both_o which_o according_a to_o mr._n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr p._n 93._o can_v make_v one_o deceive_v in_o think_v that_o he_o evident_o perceive_v and_o i_o on_o the_o other_o side_n think_v i_o may_v with_o equal_a justice_n blame_v you_o and_o so_o we_o may_v come_v to_o lay_v the_o fault_n either_o on_o the_o 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rule_n for_o you_o pretend_v not_o to_o have_v produce_v any_o connexion_n of_o term_n have_v be_v such_o a_o stickler_n of_o late_a to_o uphold_v the_o cartesian_a cause_n 34._o this_o seem_v to_o i_o so_o odd_a a_o procedure_n that_o i_o beg_v the_o favour_n of_o you_o to_o acquaint_v i_o how_o or_o by_o what_o mean_v you_o will_v make_v other_o know_v you_o have_v indeed_o this_o clear_a and_o distinct_a perception_n or_o how_o you_o can_v prove_v you_o have_v it_o but_o by_o make_v use_n of_o proposition_n and_o discourse_n the_o force_n of_o which_o consist_v only_o in_o affirm_v deny_v or_o infer_v that_o be_v in_o the_o connexion_n or_o inconnexion_n of_o the_o term_n as_o i_o remember_v your_o answer_n be_v by_o explicate_v to_o they_o clear_o the_o point_n and_o desire_v they_o to_o meditate_v upon_o it_o which_o way_n you_o seem_v to_o magnify_v very_o much_o i_o can_v have_v allege_v that_o you_o can_v not_o have_v propose_v or_o use_v even_o this_o way_n without_o make_v 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shall_v be_v glad_a to_o know_v whether_o or_o no_o you_o will_v go_v about_o to_o convince_v such_o a_o man_n by_o ground_n and_o principle_n if_o you_o say_v you_o will_v and_o that_o you_o think_v you_o can_v do_v this_o than_o you_o wrong_v your_o cause_n exceed_o by_o wave_v the_o mention_n of_o such_o strong_a support_v as_o principle_n and_o ground_n and_o recur_v to_o and_o rely_v on_o such_o unsteady_a feeble_a reed_n as_o explication_n if_o you_o say_v you_o can_v evince_v your_o thesis_n by_o principle_n then_o all_o your_o explication_n though_o never_o so_o witty_a be_v confess_o unprincipled_a and_o groundless_a if_o you_o pretend_v your_o explication_n do_v involve_v proof_n in_o they_o it_o be_v clear_o for_o the_o interest_n of_o your_o cause_n to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o argumentative_a part_n of_o such_o discourse_n and_o leave_v out_o the_o explicative_a for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o argument_n if_o a_o good_a one_o subsist_v upon_o some_o solid_a principle_n whereas_o a_o explication_n may_v be_v without_o any_o at_o all_o it_o will_v therefore_o to_o any_o consider_a man_n be_v a_o strong_a prejudice_n against_o the_o cartesian_o and_o make_v man_n apt_a to_o think_v they_o have_v no_o ground_n or_o principle_n at_o all_o that_o they_o do_v not_o much_o pretend_v to_o they_o much_o less_o build_v their_o discourse_n on_o they_o or_o reduce_v they_o to_o they_o but_o seem_v to_o abdicate_v they_o while_o they_o place_v their_o chief_a support_n in_o explication_n in_o a_o word_n let_v the_o position_n be_v first_o prove_v to_o be_v true_a or_o all_o explication_n be_v frivolous_a for_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o to_o stand_v explicate_v a_o falsehood_n the_o nature_n of_o all_o explication_n be_v to_o give_v we_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o thesis_n propose_v but_o let_v it_o be_v first_o prove_v and_o see_v that_o it_o bear_v good_a sense_n for_o it_o be_v a_o very_a sleeuless_a task_n to_o stand_v explicate_v nonsense_n 35._o on_o this_o occasion_n it_o be_v not_o amiss_o to_o note_v here_o a_o certain_a manner_n of_o write_v very_o frequent_a among_o some_o modern_a philosopher_n which_o be_v apt_a to_o lead_v the_o generality_n of_o learner_n into_o very_o great_a error_n we_o do_v all_o of_o we_o natural_o affect_v knowledge_n and_o therefore_o we_o love_v to_o read_v author_n that_o be_v clear_a or_o write_v clear_o as_o be_v very_o knowable_a or_o intelligible_a but_o now_o clearness_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o make_v clear_a the_o thought_n of_o the_o writer_n the_o other_o make_v clear_a the_o truth_n of_o the_o point_n he_o write_v of_o the_o one_o express_v clear_o his_o own_o mean_v when_o he_o say_v thus_o the_o other_o manifest_v clear_o that_o he_o say_v true_a when_o he_o say_v thus_o the_o former_a be_v perform_v by_o mean_n of_o rhetoric_n and_o witty_a expression_n the_o other_o can_v only_o be_v do_v by_o solid_a principle_n and_o by_o true_a logic_n but_o it_o too_o often_o happen_v that_o those_o reader_n who_o have_v not_o a_o strong_a bent_n to_o see_v truth_n and_o with_o a_o steady_a aim_n pursue_v it_o and_o it_o only_o be_v so_o well_o apay_v with_o the_o clear_a expression_n of_o a_o author_n in_o deliver_v his_o own_o mind_n which_o can_v but_o be_v very_o pretty_a and_o take_v be_v general_o neat_o clad_v that_o they_o be_v at_o unaware_o decoy_v to_o think_v the_o thing_n itself_o be_v clear_a when_o it_o be_v only_o the_o sentiment_n of_o the_o author_n which_o be_v render_v so_o evident_a especial_o if_o there_o be_v also_o some_o slight_a show_n of_o coherence_n which_o seldom_o want_v if_o the_o writer_n be_v a_o man_n of_o part_n and_o yet_o perhaps_o all_o this_o while_n be_v that_o discourse_n stripe_v of_o its_o superficial_a gaiety_n
i_o be_v something_o trouble_v to_o relinquish_v the_o method_n i_o have_v prefix_v to_o myself_o without_o which_o i_o see_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o first_o principle_n can_v not_o be_v settle_v nor_o show_v however_o i_o yield_v to_o his_o request_n i_o allow_v then_o that_o cogito_fw-la ergo_fw-la sum_fw-la be_v a_o true_a and_o evident_a consequence_n as_o be_v a_o thousand_o such_o other_o viz._n dabito_fw-la ergo_fw-la sum_fw-la scribo_fw-la ambulo_fw-la dormio_fw-la nay_o somnio_fw-la ergo_fw-la sum_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o be_v what_o with_o unattentive_a considerer_n give_v it_o all_o its_o credit_n and_o make_v they_o look_v upon_o we_o as_o unreasonable_a man_n who_o as_o they_o apprehend_v do_v question_n this_o consequence_n or_o call_v it_o into_o doubt_n but_o they_o be_v quite_o mistake_v there_o be_v no_o body_n that_o doubt_v it_o be_v a_o evident_a consequence_n but_o there_o be_v a_o very_a wide_a difference_n between_o a_o consequence_n and_o a_o principle_n or_o rather_o if_o it_o be_v a_o consequence_n though_o never_o so_o good_a it_o can_v never_o be_v a_o first_o principle_n because_o the_o premise_n which_o induce_v that_o consequence_n be_v before_o it_o and_o that_o truth_n on_o which_o all_o force_n of_o consequence_n be_v ground_v as_o be_v note_v above_o be_v before_o either_o of_o they_o what_o we_o affirm_v then_o be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o first_o principle_n nor_o can_v be_v so_o to_o cartesius_n when_o he_o propose_v and_o make_v use_v of_o it_o as_o such_o and_o i_o address_v myself_o to_o show_v it_o have_v not_o in_o it_o the_o nature_n of_o such_o a_o principle_n nor_o can_v with_o reason_n be_v pretend_v such_o by_o cartesius_n himself_o 41._o to_o prove_v this_o i_o allege_v that_o it_o be_v a_o inseparable_a property_n or_o rather_o essential_a to_o first_o principle_n that_o they_o must_v manifest_v themselves_o to_o be_v such_o by_o their_o own_o most_o perfect_a self-evidence_n whereas_o cartesius_n be_v force_v to_o use_v very_o many_o prolix_a antecedent_n discourse_n to_o prove_v all_o else_o to_o be_v dubitable_a and_o because_o they_o be_v so_o he_o go_v on_o inquire_v far_o till_o he_o can_v find_v something_o that_o can_v not_o be_v doubt_v which_o he_o conceive_v be_v cogito_fw-la ergo_fw-la sum_fw-la from_o which_o he_o come_v to_o conclude_v that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o principle_n whence_o i_o allege_v that_o therefore_o those_o antecedent_n discourse_n of_o he_o which_o prove_v all_o else_o to_o be_v doubtful_a be_v the_o reason_n or_o argument_n whence_o he_o draw_v his_o conclusion_n that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o principle_n now_o i_o think_v this_o as_o plain_a reason_n as_o plain_n can_v be_v that_o no_o man_n can_v evince_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v the_o first_o in_o any_o kind_a whatever_n but_o because_o there_o be_v nothing_o before_o it_o in_o that_o kind_n and_o from_o this_o consideration_n i_o prove_v my_o allegation_n clear_o because_o have_v not_o those_o many_o and_o large_a antecedent_n discourse_n to_o prove_v all_o else_o to_o be_v doubtful_a be_v true_a his_o conclusion_n viz._n that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o principle_n can_v not_o have_v follow_v or_o be_v true_a neither_o for_o in_o case_n the_o sense_n have_v not_o be_v thus_o fallacious_a as_o still_o to_o deceive_v we_o perhaps_o science_n may_v have_v be_v have_v from_o the_o thing_n without_o we_o affect_v those_o sense_n nor_o have_v there_o be_v any_o need_n to_o recur_v to_o the_o operation_n of_o our_o own_o mind_n to_o seek_v for_o the_o ground_n of_o all_o truth_n there_o because_o we_o may_v have_v have_v it_o from_o the_o thing_n in_o nature_n this_o be_v so_o how_o many_o proposition_n do_v he_o use_v all_o along_o to_o prove_v that_o our_o sense_n may_v all_o deceive_v we_o that_o we_o know_v not_o certain_o whether_o we_o sleep_v or_o wake_v that_o mathematical_a demonstration_n may_v be_v all_o erroneous_a etc._n etc._n all_o which_o antecedent_n proposition_n by_o the_o plain_a rule_n of_o logic_n aught_o to_o be_v more_o evident_a and_o more_o certain_a than_o the_o conclusion_n he_o gather_v or_o infer_v thence_o viz._n that_o therefore_o this_o and_o only_o this_o be_v indubitable_a and_o certain_o know_v be_v the_o first_o principle_n add_v that_o this_o be_v plain_a sense_n his_o own_o discourse_n overthrow_v the_o establishment_n of_o his_o first_o principle_n for_o since_o he_o have_v not_o this_o first_o principle_n of_o he_o till_o he_o have_v find_v it_o nor_o do_v he_o find_v it_o till_o he_o find_v all_o else_o to_o be_v doubtful_a it_o will_v be_v ask_v how_o and_o in_o virtue_n of_o what_o first_o principle_n he_o become_v while_o he_o be_v in_o quest_n of_o it_o more_o certain_a that_o all_o other_o thing_n be_v doubtful_a than_o he_o be_v of_o the_o conclusion_n he_o infer_v thence_o viz._n that_o cogito_fw-la ergo_fw-la sum_fw-la be_v impossible_a to_o be_v doubt_v of_o be_v his_o first_o principle_n wherefore_o if_o he_o guide_v himself_o by_o no_o indubitable_a or_o first_o principle_n all_o along_o in_o those_o antecedent_n discourse_n which_o be_v in_o reality_n his_o premise_n that_o conclusion_n of_o he_o can_v in_o any_o logic_n follow_v nor_o be_v certain_o true_a nor_o aught_o to_o be_v embrace_v especial_o by_o such_o a_o philosopher_n as_o he_o be_v who_o profess_v doubt_v of_o ever_o thing_n till_o he_o come_v at_o his_o first_o principle_n that_o can_v be_v in_o the_o least_o dubitable_a 42._o in_o reply_n to_o this_o discourse_n of_o i_o which_o be_v ground_v on_o the_o supposition_n that_o cartesius_n guide_v himself_o by_o reason_n in_o settle_v his_o first_o principle_n and_o on_o the_o plain_a rule_n of_o logic_n that_o the_o premise_n must_v be_v clear_a than_o the_o conclusion_n the_o former_a of_o which_o i_o suppose_v you_o will_v grant_v the_o latter_a be_v obvious_a to_o common_a sense_n you_o bring_v a_o ingenious_a explication_n by_o way_n of_o similitude_n or_o parallel_v which_o i_o see_v be_v to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o argument_n and_o answer_n too_o in_o the_o cartesian_a way_n it_o be_v this_o suppose_v i_o see_v a_o man_n make_v great_a holes_n in_o the_o ground_n or_o throw_v aside_o rubbish_n and_o that_o i_o ask_v he_o what_o he_o be_v do_v he_o tell_v i_o he_o have_v a_o intention_n to_o build_v and_o to_o lay_v foundation_n for_o that_o end_n and_o be_v make_v way_n for_o it_o now_o this_o action_n of_o his_o look_n like_o a_o idle_a business_n if_o we_o consider_v it_o alone_o but_o if_o we_o regard_v his_o far_a intention_n of_o building_n it_o be_v a_o wise_a and_o necessary_a preparative_a and_o yet_o this_o antecedent_n action_n of_o prepare_v to_o lay_v a_o foundation_n do_v not_o give_v strength_n to_o the_o building_n which_o be_v a_o action_n quite_o different_a from_o it_o but_o the_o building_n depend_v on_o the_o foundation_n itself_o and_o on_o nothing_o else_o and_o therefore_o it_o follow_v by_o way_n of_o parallel_n that_o the_o antecedent_n discourse_v of_o cartesius_n need_v not_o be_v connect_v with_o that_o first_o principle_n as_o premise_n to_o infer_v it_o must_v be_v such_o since_o they_o serve_v only_o to_o remove_v the_o rubbish_n or_o the_o pretend_a knowledge_n of_o thing_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o sense_n which_o encumber_v the_o mind_n with_o prepossession_n and_o so_o to_o make_v way_n to_o lay_v that_o first_o foundation_n of_o science_n i_o think_v i_o have_v do_v your_o parallel_n all_o the_o right_n you_o can_v expect_v wherefore_o i_o come_v now_o to_o examine_v what_o force_v it_o bear_v and_o what_o strength_n such_o a_o way_n of_o discourse_v have_v in_o it_o which_o i_o the_o rather_o do_v that_o i_o may_v inform_v those_o reader_n who_o take_v such_o kind_n of_o similitude_n for_o reason_n how_o easy_o and_o how_o frequent_o they_o be_v delude_v by_o such_o unsteady_a inconclusive_a and_o illogical_a method_n 43_o first_n then_o it_o be_v so_o certain_o know_v that_o similitude_n do_v not_o use_v quadrare_fw-la per_fw-la omne_fw-la or_o as_o they_o say_v run_v on_o four_o foot_n that_o it_o be_v grow_v proverbial_a which_o lay_v a_o great_a prejudice_n upon_o that_o way_n in_o common_a 2._o similitude_n draw_v from_o material_a thing_n to_o immaterial_a be_v particular_o liable_a to_o this_o defect_n they_o may_v indeed_o oft_o time_n serve_v to_o illustrate_v some_o truth_n as_o fit_a metaphor_n to_o suit_n with_o our_o fancy_n but_o then_o they_o presuppose_v the_o truth_n which_o they_o be_v to_o illustrate_v to_o be_v know_v some_o other_o way_n whence_o unless_o this_o be_v do_v first_o all_o they_o can_v do_v be_v to_o explicate_v we_o know_v not_o what_o which_o destroy_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o explication_n for_o explication_n be_v not_o intend_v to_o put_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o point_n but_o suppose_v it_o 3._o all_o the_o action_n of_o our_o
soul_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v rational_a and_o have_v a_o dependence_n on_o one_o another_o by_o the_o way_n of_o reason_n gather_v subsequent_a truth_n from_o those_o which_o precede_v now_o i_o think_v it_o be_v impossible_a to_o be_v contest_v by_o any_o man_n who_o have_v read_v cartesius_n meditation_n but_o that_o his_o discourse_n which_o antecede_v his_o find_v out_o this_o first_o principle_n of_o he_o be_v reducible_a to_o this_o enthymem_n for_o these_o and_o these_o reason_n there_o can_v no_o certainty_n be_v have_v as_o to_o speculative_a knowledge_n by_o any_o information_n have_v from_o outward_a object_n affect_v the_o sense_n therefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v seek_v for_o in_o some_o interior_a act_n of_o our_o mind_n which_o be_v most_o comprehensive_a and_o peculiar_a to_o it_o which_o he_o conceive_v be_v cogitation_n and_o thence_o he_o lay_v this_o first_o principle_n cogito_fw-la ergo_fw-la sum_fw-la which_o be_v so_o it_o follow_v necessary_o that_o the_o lay_v this_o for_o his_o first_o principle_n depend_v on_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o reason_n he_o have_v why_o our_o sense_n be_v not_o to_o be_v trust_v nor_o can_v give_v we_o our_o first_o notion_n whence_o by_o reflect_v on_o their_o metaphysical_a verity_n we_o may_v have_v those_o self-evident_a and_o first_o truth_n of_o we_o this_o i_o say_v be_v evident_o the_o tenor_n of_o his_o discourse_n because_o do_v not_o those_o reason_n of_o he_o against_o the_o sufficiency_n of_o our_o sense_n to_o give_v we_o this_o information_n conclude_v but_o that_o notwithstanding_o all_o those_o reason_n can_v prove_v the_o sense_n may_v still_o imprint_v on_o our_o mind_n those_o first_o notion_n his_o consequent_a will_v not_o have_v follow_v nor_o can_v he_o have_v have_v any_o ground_n for_o recur_v to_o the_o interior_a act_n of_o cogitation_n for_o his_o first_o principle_n in_o regard_n it_o have_v be_v give_v to_o his_o hand_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o sense_n as_o be_v now_o declare_v 4._o it_o be_v then_o evident_a that_o the_o substance_n of_o those_o antecedent_n discourse_n be_v sum_v up_o in_o the_o enthymem_fw-la now_o mention_v it_o be_v manifest_a that_o this_o explication_n of_o you_o falter_v in_o the_o main_a particular_a in_o which_o it_o ought_v to_o suit_n and_o resemble_v for_o in_o case_n those_o impression_n on_o our_o mind_n can_v have_v be_v make_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o sense_n as_o aforesaid_a then_o those_o impression_n or_o notion_n be_v the_o immediate_a foundation_n on_o which_o be_v build_v all_o our_o knowledge_n can_v not_o be_v call_v or_o resemble_v to_o rubbish_n nor_o compare_v to_o a_o hole_n to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n for_o the_o holes_n be_v already_o make_v in_o those_o inlet_n our_o sense_n which_o be_v pervious_a to_o the_o effluvium_n affect_v the_o seat_n of_o knowledge_n and_o thence_o the_o soul_n so_o that_o your_o similitude_n be_v in_o effect_n the_o beg_v the_o whole_a question_n and_o can_v have_v no_o force_n at_o all_o but_o by_o our_o grant_v it_o which_o i_o see_v plain_o we_o shall_v never_o have_v reason_n to_o do_v rather_o unless_o this_o petitio_fw-la principii_fw-la which_o be_v tacit_o involve_v in_o this_o parallel_n be_v yield_v by_o we_o or_o prove_v by_o you_o it_o make_v against_o yourselves_o for_o by_o deny_v all_o such_o certain_a information_n from_o the_o sense_n you_o will_v be_v find_v not_o to_o remove_v the_o rubbish_n in_o order_n to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n but_o to_o stop_v up_o the_o way_n to_o the_o lay_v any_o and_o to_o dam_v up_o all_o the_o holes_n by_o which_o the_o material_n can_v come_v into_o our_o mind_n where_o only_o such_o a_o foundation_n can_v have_v be_v lay_v at_o least_o you_o see_v your_o explication_n amount_v to_o nothing_o and_o that_o your_o similitude_n be_v lame_a in_o all_o its_o leg_n and_o have_v not_o one_o sure_a foot_n to_o stand_v on_o which_o will_v i_o hope_v sufficient_o inform_v other_o that_o this_o way_n of_o explicate_v so_o mighty_o affect_v by_o cartesius_n and_o his_o follower_n be_v utter_o insignificant_a i_o shall_v hope_v too_o that_o this_o paper_n will_v light_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o some_o reader_n who_o be_v so_o intelligent_a as_o to_o discern_v that_o this_o explicative_a way_n be_v take_v up_o to_o avoid_v the_o way_n of_o rigorous_a proof_n which_o be_v so_o unfriendly_a to_o a_o doctrine_n that_o want_v principle_n 44._o whence_o i_o shall_v give_v this_o advice_n to_o all_o aristotelian_o that_o whenever_o the_o cartesian_o will_v obtrude_v upon_o they_o their_o ingenious_a explication_n they_o will_v demand_v of_o they_o smart_o by_o what_o ground_n they_o know_v or_o will_v prove_v to_o other_o that_o what_o they_o explicate_v be_v true_a without_o do_v which_o in_o the_o first_o place_n no_o explication_n ought_v to_o be_v admit_v it_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o kind_n of_o curry_v favour_n with_o weak_a understanding_n but_o it_o can_v never_o improve_v any_o intelligent_a man_n in_o solid_a knowledge_n nor_o make_v he_o one_o jot_n the_o wise_a 45._o after_o this_o we_o come_v to_o argue_v that_o other_o objection_n of_o i_o that_o first_o principle_n of_o all_o other_o must_v be_v most_o clear_o and_o distinct_o know_v because_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v of_o all_o other_o most_o knowable_a there_o be_v no_o other_o before_o they_o by_o mean_n of_o which_o they_o may_v come_v to_o be_v better_o know_v now_o cartesius_n himself_o express_o confess_v that_o when_o he_o have_v find_v this_o first_o principle_n he_o do_v not_o yet_o sufficient_o understand_v what_o ego_fw-la the_o subject_a in_o that_o principle_n mean_v whence_o i_o infer_v that_o therefore_o cogito_fw-la ergo_fw-la sum_fw-la can_v not_o be_v to_o he_o a_o first_o principle_n this_o be_v enforce_v because_o the_o subject_n be_v the_o principal_a and_o most_o substantial_a part_n in_o every_o proposition_n and_o since_o in_o ordinary_a thing_n when_o we_o do_v not_o well_o know_v what_o we_o talk_v of_o plain_a sâ—nse_n tell_v we_o it_o be_v a_o folly_n to_o talk_v at_o all_o much_o more_o be_v it_o disallowable_a in_o philosophical_a matter_n where_o exact_a truth_n be_v aim_v at_o and_o most_o of_o all_o in_o first_o principle_n which_o must_v be_v most_o self-evident_a you_o seem_v to_o think_v a_o obscure_a knowledge_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v sufficient_a but_o how_o a_o obscure_a knowledge_n can_v be_v either_o clear_a or_o distinct_a much_o less_o superlative_o such_o or_o how_o a_o proposition_n who_o principal_a part_n be_v neither_o clear_a nor_o distinct_a shall_v notwithstanding_o itself_o as_o here_o it_o must_v be_v most_o clear_a and_o distinct_a be_v i_o believe_v past_o any_o man_n comprehension_n 46._o however_o i_o let_v your_o smooth_a explication_n slide_v without_o press_v my_o discourse_n too_o forcible_o for_o it_o have_v be_v something_o rude_a at_o so_o civil_a a_o visit_n in_o my_o own_o chamber_n to_o push_v thing_n forward_o too_o rigorous_o or_o to_o seem_v to_o affect_v the_o victory_n of_o a_o confutation_n but_o our_o friend_n urge_v i_o to_o bring_v some_o one_o argument_n that_o may_v decisive_o conclude_v the_o point_n it_o come_v into_o my_o mind_n wave_v what_o i_o have_v object_v elsewhere_o to_o allege_v against_o it_o that_o a_o first_o principle_n must_v be_v some_o one_o determinate_a proposition_n whereas_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o this_o principle_n of_o you_o have_v in_o it_o two_o and_o those_o very_a different_a one_o for_o cogito_fw-la be_v a_o speech_n that_o affirm_v which_o logician_n call_v a_o proposition_n and_o involve_v in_o it_o all_o the_o three_o part_n that_o complete_a such_o a_o speech_n be_v clear_o the_o same_o as_o ego_fw-la sum_fw-la cogitans_fw-la as_o sum_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n imply_v ego_fw-la sum_fw-la existens_fw-la which_o be_v evident_o a_o proposition_n too_o and_o distinct_a from_o the_o other_o your_o answer_n be_v that_o notwithstanding_o the_o manner_n of_o expression_n they_o make_v or_o amount_v to_o but_o one_o proposition_n and_o signify_v no_o more_o but_o ego_fw-la sum_fw-la re_fw-la cogitans_fw-la but_o i_o reply_v that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o proposition_n and_o hence_o i_o aâ—k_v what_o become_v of_o the_o late_a ego_fw-la sum_fw-la existens_fw-la since_o the_o predicate_v existens_fw-la be_v a_o quite_o different_a notion_n from_o the_o predicate_fw-la res_fw-la cogitans_fw-la add_v that_o to_o prove_v himself_o existent_a be_v the_o sole_a scope_n cartesius_n aim_v at_o in_o lay_v this_o principle_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o word_n immediate_o follow_v viz._n nondum_fw-la tamen_fw-la satis_fw-la intelligo_fw-la quisnam_fw-la sim_fw-la ego_fw-la ille_fw-la qui_fw-la jam_fw-la necessario_fw-la sum_fw-la he_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o have_v evince_v that_o he_o be_v res_fw-la cogitans_fw-la but_o only_o necessary_o existent_a to_o enforce_v this_o the_o more_o i_o allege_v that_o the_o illative_a particle_n ergo_fw-la
do_v show_v plain_o that_o there_o be_v two_o proposition_n of_o which_o the_o one_o be_v a_o antecedent_n the_o other_o a_o consequent_a but_o you_o will_v not_o allow_v that_o ergo_fw-la in_o that_o place_n have_v a_o illative_a signification_n nor_o as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v discern_v any_o at_o all_o for_o i_o be_o sure_a if_o it_o have_v any_o it_o can_v have_v no_o other_o i_o remember_v you_o bestir_v your_o wit_n as_o dexterous_o as_o any_o man_n can_v in_o such_o a_o cause_n to_o bring_v off_o cartesius_n but_o it_o be_v beyond_o the_o power_n of_o wit_n or_o art_n to_o do_v it_o unless_o the_o most_o pregnant_a and_o significant_a word_n which_o rational_a creature_n can_v use_v must_v for_o his_o sake_n lose_v their_o signification_n which_o be_v such_o a_o injury_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n who_o will_v be_v at_o a_o strange_a loss_n to_o discourse_n or_o understand_v one_o another_o be_v this_o admit_v that_o it_o will_v never_o be_v allow_v by_o other_o philosopher_n who_o be_v disinteressed_n and_o have_v not_o that_o passionate_a concern_v for_o cartesius_n as_o some_o other_o seem_v to_o have_v i_o remember_v mr._n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr tell_v we_o he_o have_v speak_v to_o some_o exception_n make_v against_o this_o principle_n former_o and_o perhaps_o this_o may_v be_v one_o of_o they_o but_o as_o i_o can_v not_o light_v on_o that_o book_n of_o he_o so_o i_o clear_o see_v this_o particular_a be_v so_o manifest_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o man_n in_o such_o a_o case_n as_o this_o to_o answer_v to_o the_o purpose_n 47._o and_o thus_o end_v our_o discourse_n in_o which_o if_o you_o have_v any_o disadvantage_n it_o proceed_v hence_o that_o you_o will_v needs_o undertake_v to_o defend_v cartesius_n logic_n whereas_o nothing_o be_v more_o evident_a than_o that_o in_o the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o his_o meditation_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o some_o other_o piece_n of_o he_o he_o regard_v no_o rule_n of_o logic_n at_o all_o but_o mere_o follow_v the_o current_n of_o his_o own_o ingenious_a thought_n in_o glide_v smooth_o and_o gentile_o from_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o as_o his_o first_o design_n lead_v he_o and_o in_o put_v his_o conception_n clear_o i_o mean_v according_a to_o the_o first_o sort_n of_o clearness_n mention_v above_o §_o 35._o the_o sum_n be_v this_o without_o proposition_n we_o can_v speak_v and_o without_o illative_a particle_n we_o can_v make_v use_n of_o our_o rationality_n both_o which_o notwithstanding_o you_o do_v not_o seem_v very_o willing_o and_o hearty_o to_o admit_v have_v i_o be_v of_o your_o party_n i_o shall_v have_v advise_v you_o to_o have_v flat_o deny_v all_o syllogism_n inference_n antecedent_n consequent_n and_o in_o a_o word_n all_o logic_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o connexion_n and_o then_o it_o have_v be_v impossible_a for_o any_o man_n to_o attack_v you_o or_o bring_v any_o argument_n against_o you_o i_o add_v nor_o you_o any_o for_o yourselves_o 48._o the_o generality_n of_o mankind_n i_o wish_v i_o may_v not_o say_v of_o philosopher_n too_o be_v much_o govern_v by_o fancy_n i_o be_o to_o expect_v such_o a_o high_a speculation_n as_o be_v the_o forego_n discourse_n will_v scarce_o find_v a_o civil_a entertainment_n among_o such_o gentleman_n however_o i_o hope_v it_o will_v not_o displease_v they_o if_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o ask_v they_o some_o few_o pertinent_a question_n leave_v the_o resolve_v they_o to_o themselves_o 1._o whether_o there_o be_v not_o such_o proposition_n as_o those_o i_o call_v identical_a 2._o whether_o mathematician_n and_o some_o other_o who_o treat_v of_o philosophy_n in_o a_o mathematical_a method_n have_v not_o propose_v such_o before_o i_o and_o make_v use_v of_o they_o 3._o whether_o such_o proposition_n be_v not_o the_o most-firmly-grounded_n and_o the_o first_o of_o all_o other_o 4._o whether_o they_o be_v not_o self-evident_a and_o force_v the_o assent_n of_o all_o mankind_n 5._o whether_o we_o can_v be_v deceive_v in_o judge_v they_o self-evident_a as_o we_o may_v and_o often_o be_v in_o judge_v that_o we_o clear_o and_o distinct_o know_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a 6._o whether_o they_o have_v not_o a_o universal_a influence_n in_o their_o way_n over_o all_o truth_n especial_o all_o deduce_v truth_n since_o it_o be_v demonstrable_a that_o all_o the_o force_n of_o consequence_n be_v ground_v on_o they_o 7._o whether_o all_o these_o qualification_n be_v show_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o self-evident_a knowableness_n of_o identical_a proposition_n this_o clear_a light_n or_o intelligibility_n which_o so_o necessary_o appear_v in_o they_o ought_v not_o with_o just_a right_n entitle_v they_o to_o be_v hold_v the_o rule_n by_o which_o to_o know_v all_o other_o truth_n last_o whether_o this_o self-evident_a connexion_n of_o the_o term_n of_o a_o proposition_n find_v in_o they_o which_o be_v producible_a open_o be_v not_o a_o clear_a mean_n to_o show_v to_o other_o that_o we_o do_v not_o mistake_v when_o we_o judge_v they_o self_n evident_a and_o true_a since_o all_o mankind_n that_o see_v they_o produce_v must_v think_v the_o same_o of_o they_o we_o do_v and_o whether_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o can_v possible_o be_v show_v to_o other_o that_o ourselves_o do_v clearly_n and_o distinct_o know_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a without_o produce_v final_o some_o proposition_n that_o be_v unmistakable_a and_o self-evident_a to_o every_o man_n when_o they_o have_v due_o weigh_v each_o of_o these_o particular_n and_o the_o proof_n bring_v for_o they_o i_o appeal_v from_o their_o fancy_n to_o their_o reason_n whether_o i_o have_v not_o do_v a_o just_a and_o necessary_a duty_n to_o philosophy_n in_o endeavour_v to_o settle_v the_o rule_n of_o truth_n upon_o so_o solid_a and_o evident_a a_o basis_n and_o whether_o i_o can_v have_v be_v less_o speculative_a in_o such_o a_o high_a subject_n as_o require_v a_o deep_a inspection_n into_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o all_o truth_n whatever_o even_o to_o the_o resolve_v it_o final_o and_o connatural_o into_o essential_a truth_n itself_o if_o these_o consideration_n do_v not_o acquit_v i_o upon_o either_o account_n i_o can_v but_o think_v myself_o unjust_o condemn_v and_o i_o hope_v the_o whole_a court_n of_o philosopher_n who_o be_v impartial_a and_o sincere_a will_v judge_v the_o same_o 49._o to_o clear_v i_o from_o singularity_n in_o this_o uncommon_a method_n of_o philosophize_v i_o can_v far_o allege_v that_o mr._n locke_n in_o his_o essay_n b._n 4._o ch_n 1._o §_o 4._o give_v we_o this_o doctrine_n that_o the_o first_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v to_o perceive_v its_o own_o idea_n and_o that_o one_o of_o they_o be_v not_o another_o that_o be_v that_o each_o of_o they_o be_v its_o self_n only_o which_o be_v a_o identical_a proposition_n that_o this_o be_v so_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o without_o it_o there_o can_v be_v no_o knowledge_n no_o reason_v no_o distinct_a thought_n at_o all_o which_o sufficient_o express_v it_o to_o be_v the_o first_o truth_n or_o rule_v of_o truth_n which_o influence_n all_o other_o truth_n since_o without_o it_o nothing_o at_o all_o can_v be_v know_v that_o a_o man_n infallible_o know_v that_o the_o idea_n of_o white_a and_o round_o be_v the_o very_a idea_n they_o be_v that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n that_o be_v the_o first_o truth_n the_o mind_n perceive_v in_o its_o idea_n that_o man_n of_o art_n have_v for_o ready_a application_n in_o all_o case_n reduce_v this_o into_o those_o general_n rule_v what_o be_v be_v etc._n etc._n in_o all_o which_o as_o he_o do_v in_o divers_a other_o main_a speculative_a point_n he_o so_o perfect_o agree_v with_o i_o that_o though_o i_o do_v not_o proceed_v on_o my_o own_o ground_n i_o need_v no_o more_o but_o these_o of_o he_o to_o draw_v such_o immediate_a consequence_n thence_o as_o will_v establish_v and_o abet_v my_o thesis_n indeed_o it_o do_v not_o lie_v in_o the_o way_n of_o that_o very_a learned_a man_n speculation_n to_o reflect_v on_o the_o universal_a influence_n identical_a proposition_n have_v over_o all_o truth_n and_o all_o knowledge_n whatever_o and_o therefore_o his_o dislike_a of_o they_o afterward_o chap._n 8._o can_v be_v think_v to_o relate_v only_o to_o their_o apprehend_a uselessness_n though_o even_o there_o §_o 2._o he_o acknowledge_v a_o excellent_a use_n of_o they_o too_o where_o he_o say_v that_o what_o be_v be_v may_v serve_v sometime_o he_o may_v have_v say_v always_o when_o it_o need_v to_o show_v a_o man_n the_o absurdity_n he_o be_v guilty_a of_o when_o by_o circumlocution_n or_o ambiguous_a term_n he_o will_v in_o particular_a instance_n deny_v the_o same_o thing_n of_o itself_o because_o no_o body_n will_v so_o open_o bid_v defiance_n to_o common_a sense_n as_o to_o affirm_v visible_a and_o direct_a contradiction_n
velocity_n against_o another_o can_v be_v able_a to_o drive_v that_o other_o before_o it_o or_o move_v it_o in_o the_o least_o but_o god_n take_v that_o occasion_n to_o put_v it_o into_o motion_n at_o this_o rate_n one_o need_v not_o fear_v his_o head-piece_n though_o a_o bomb_n be_v fall_v upon_o it_o with_o all_o the_o force_n that_o powder_n can_v give_v it_o for_o it_o will_v not_o so_o much_o as_o break_v his_o skull_n or_o singe_v his_o hair_n of_o god_n do_v not_o take_v that_o occasion_n to_o do_v it_o the_o most_o natural_a agent_n with_o he_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o instrument_n but_o only_a occasion_n of_o what_o be_v produce_v by_o they_o so_o that_o a_o man_n may_v free_o pass_v through_o the_o fire_n or_o jump_v down_o a_o precipice_n without_o any_o harm_n if_o god_n almighty_n do_v not_o take_v that_o occasion_n to_o burn_v he_o or_o dash_v out_o his_o brain_n 52._o come_v to_o cartesius_n who_o he_o call_v the_o great_a master_n and_o deliverer_n of_o the_o philosopher_n from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o aristotle_n and_o the_o first_o world-maker_n of_o our_o century_n he_o lay_v the_o blame_v at_o his_o door_n of_o all_o this_o presumptuous_a pride_n of_o his_o follower_n and_o their_o fantastic_a philosophy_n and_o animadvert_v severe_o upon_o divers_a of_o his_o odd_a placita_fw-la as_o that_o there_o be_v always_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o motion_n in_o the_o world_n so_o that_o if_o all_o the_o man_n and_o animal_n in_o the_o world_n be_v move_a which_o most_o part_n of_o they_o can_v do_v when_o they_o please_v yet_o still_o there_o will_v be_v no_o more_o motion_n in_o the_o world_n than_o there_o be_v in_o the_o nighttime_n when_o they_o be_v at_o rest_n and_o what_o motion_n they_o have_v when_o they_o be_v move_a must_v be_v communicate_v to_o the_o aether_n when_o they_o be_v at_o rest._n and_o whereas_o cartesius_n '_o s_o skill_n in_o geometry_n give_v those_o contrivance_n of_o his_o witty_a fancy_n all_o their_o credit_n this_o author_n assure_v we_o p._n 15._o that_o from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n of_o his_o principle_n there_o be_v not_o one_o demonstration_n draw_v from_o geometry_n or_o indeed_o any_o demonstration_n at_o all_o except_o every_o thing_n illustrate_v by_o a_o figure_n be_v a_o demonstration_n for_o then_o indeed_o there_o may_v be_v enough_o of_o such_o demonstration_n produce_v in_o his_o philosophical_a work_n now_o in_o case_n this_o be_v so_o then_o it_o seem_v explication_n by_o figure_n do_v serve_v cartesius_n and_o his_o follower_n for_o demonstration_n in_o geometry_n as_o well_o as_o explication_n by_o word_n serve_v they_o for_o demonstration_n or_o proof_n in_o other_o science_n he_o add_v that_o his_o great_a fault_n be_v that_o he_o make_v no_o use_n at_o all_o of_o geometry_n in_o philosophy_n nay_o that_o his_o whole_a system_n be_v but_o one_o continual_a blunder_n upon_o account_n of_o his_o negligence_n in_o that_o point_n that_o galileo_n and_o kepler_n 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