Selected quad for the lemma: state_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
state_n	great_a	king_n	monarch_n	1,055	5	9.5526	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A52748	The case of the Common-wealth of England stated, or, The equity, utility, and necessity of a submission to the present government cleared out of monuments both sacred and civill, against all the scruples and pretences of the opposite parties, viz. royallists, Scots, Presbyterians, Levellers : wherein is discovered severally the vanity of their designes, together with the improbability of their successe and inconveniences which must follow (should either of them take effect) to the extreme prejudice of the nation : two parts : with a discourse of the excellencie of a free-state above a kingly-government / by Marchamont Nedham, Gent.	Nedham, Marchamont, 1620-1678.	1650 (1650)	Wing N377; ESTC R36610	87,941	112

with_o a_o admiration_n of_o old_a custom_n to_o their_o own_o hazard_n rather_o than_o they_o will_v steer_v a_o new_a and_o reasonable_a course_n of_o far_o more_o convenience_n and_o commodity_n so_o that_o if_o the_o commonwealth_n have_v not_o a_o party_n of_o its_o own_o throughout_o the_o nation_n man_n of_o valour_n and_o virtue_n free_a from_o those_o corruption_n of_o excess_n and_o riot_n and_o sensible_a of_o liberty_n it_o be_v then_o in_o reason_n to_o be_v expect_v they_o can_v not_o long_o maintain_v their_o station_n but_o be_v support_v by_o counsellor_n grave_n serious_a abstemious_a and_o vigilant_a and_o by_o a_o soldiery_n who_o valiant_a commander_n be_v severe_a and_o strict_a in_o discipline_n both_o moral_a and_o military_a when_o i_o consider_v this_o with_o the_o many_o other_o advantage_n which_o their_o enemy_n have_v not_o their_o foundation_n seem_v to_o i_o impregnable_a and_o prompt_v i_o to_o this_o omen_n that_o be_v every_o way_n qualify_v like_o †_o consules_fw-la those_o roman_a spirit_n of_o old_a they_o will_v be_v court_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o roman_a fortune_n for_o shame_n or_o fear_v then_o if_o not_o for_o love_v let_v man_n forbear_v a_o opposition_n and_o consider_v what_o a_o honour_n it_o be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o list_n of_o that_o party_n which_o have_v ennoble_v themselves_o by_o their_o own_o virtue_n and_o the_o love_n of_o liberty_n for_o as_o cato_n say_v in_o plutarch_n even_o the_o great_a king_n or_o tyrant_n be_v much_o ihferior_a to_o those_o that_o be_v eminent_a in_o free-state_n and_o commonweal_n nor_o be_v those_o mighty_a monarch_n of_o old_a worthy_a to_o be_v compare_v with_o epaminondas_n pericles_n themistocles_n marcus_n curius_n amilcar_n barca_n etc._n etc._n and_o other_o excellent_a captain_n in_o free-state_n which_o purchase_v themselves_o a_o fame_n in_o defence_n of_o their_o liberty_n and_o though_o now_o the_o very_a name_n of_o liberty_n be_v grow_v odious_a or_o ridiculous_a among_o we_o it_o have_v be_v a_o stranger_n a_o long_a time_n in_o these_o part_n yet_o in_o ancient_a time_n nation_n be_v wont_a to_o reckon_v themselves_o so_o much_o the_o more_o noble_a if_o they_o be_v free_a from_o the_o yoke_n of_o regal_a tyranny_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o there_o be_v then_o so_o many_o free-state_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n in_o our_o country_n here_o before_o the_o time_n that_o caesar_n tyranny_n take_v place_n there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o monarchy_n 5._o for_o the_o same_o caesar_n tell_v we_o how_o the_o briton_n be_v divide_v into_o so_o many_o several_a state_n relate_v how_o cassevellanus_n be_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n elect_v in_o this_o their_o public_a danger_n to_o have_v the_o principal_a administration_n of_o the_o state_n with_o the_o business_n of_o war_n and_o afterward_o how_o the_o several_a city_n send_v their_o hostage_n unto_o he_o whereby_o we_o perceive_v it_o be_v of_o old_a no_o monarchy_n but_o like_o to_o the_o gaul_n with_o who_o it_o be_v then_o one_o also_o in_o religion_n divide_v into_o provincall_a regiment_n *_o britain_n without_o any_o entire_a rule_n or_o combination_n only_o in_o case_n of_o common_a peril_n by_o invasion_n etc._n etc._n they_o be_v wont_a to_o choose_v a_o commander_n in_o chief_a much_o like_o the_o dictator_n choose_v by_o the_o roman_n upon_o the_o like_a occasion_n and_o now_o we_o see_v all_o the_o western_a world_n late_o discover_v to_o be_v and_o general_o all_o other_o country_n be_v in_fw-la puris_fw-la naturalibus_fw-la in_o their_o first_o and_o most_o innocent_a condition_n settle_v in_o the_o same_o form_n before_o they_o come_v to_o be_v enslave_v either_o by_o some_o predominant_a power_n from_o abroad_o or_o some_o one_o among_o themselves_o more_o potent_a and_o ambitious_a than_o h●s_z neighbour_n and_o such_o be_v the_o state_n heretofore_o not_o on●ly_o of_o our_o nation_n but_o of_o gaul_n spain_n germany_n and_o all_o the_o west_n part_n of_o europe_n before_o the_o roman_n do_v by_o strength_n and_o cunning_n unlock_v their_o liberty_n and_o such_o as_o be_v then_o term_v king_n be_v but_o as_o their_o general_n in_o war_n without_o any_o other_o great_a juris●iction_n if_o we_o reflect_v likewise_o upon_o the_o ancient_a state_n of_o italy_n we_o find_v no_o other_o form_n of_o government_n but_o those_o of_o free-state_n and_o commonweal_n 2._o as_o the_o tuscan_n roman_n samnite_n and_o many_o other_o nor_o be_v there_o mention_v make_v of_o any_o king_n in_o italy_n beside_o those_o of_o the_o roman_n and_o porsenna_n concerning_o the_o ruin_n of_o who_o family_n though_o history_n be_v silent_a yet_o we_o read_v that_o tuscany_n whereof_o porsenna_n be_v king_n become_v afterwards_o a_o free-state_n and_o continue_v so_o zealous_a of_o liberty_n ever_o after_o and_o such_o hater_n of_o monarchy_n that_o they_o deny_v the_o veian_o their_o assistance_n against_o the_o roman_n for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o because_o those_o veian_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o a_o king_n to_o protect_v they_o in_o their_o necessity_n say_v that_o they_o scorn_v to_o join_v with_o those_o man_n who_o have_v subject_v themselves_o to_o the_o government_n of_o a_o single_a person_n nor_o be_v it_o only_o a_o mere_a gallantry_n of_o spirit_n which_o invite_v man_n to_o the_o love_n of_o freedom_n but_o experience_n tell_v we_o it_o be_v the_o most_o commodious_a and_o profitable_a way_n of_o government_n conduce_v to_o the_o enlargement_n of_o a_o nation_n every_o way_n in_o wealth_n and_o dominion_n *_o sallust_n it_o be_v incredible_a to_o be_v tell_v say_v sallust_n how_o exceed_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n increase_v in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o they_o have_v obtain_v their_o liberty_n and_o guicciardin_n affirm_v that_o †_o hist._n free_a state_n be_v most_o please_v to_o god_n because_o that_o in_o they_o more_o regard_n be_v have_v to_o the_o common_a good_a more_o care_n for_o impartial_a distribution_n of_o justice_n to_o every_o man_n and_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n be_v more_o inflame_v with_o the_o love_n of_o glory_n and_o virtue_n and_o become_v much_o more_o zealous_a in_o the_o love_n of_o religion_n than_o in_o any_o other_o form_n of_o government_n whatsoever_o it_o be_v wonderful_a to_o consider_v how_o mighty_o the_o athenian_n be_v augment_v both_o in_o wealth_n and_o power_n in_o the_o space_n of_o one_o hundred_o year_n after_o they_o have_v free_v themselves_o from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o pisistratus_n but_o the_o roman_n arrive_v to_o such_o a_o height_n as_o be_v beyond_o all_o imagination_n after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o their_o king_n nor_o do_v these_o thing_n happen_v without_o special_a reason_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v usual_a in_o free_a state_n to_o be_v more_o tender_a of_o the_o public_a in_o all_o their_o decree_n than_o of_o particular_n whereas_o the_o case_n be_v otherwise_o in_o a_o monarchy_n because_o in_o this_o form_n the_o prince_n pleasure_n usual_o weigh_v down_o all_o consideration_n of_o the_o common_a good_a and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o a_o nation_n have_v no_o soon_o lose_v its_o liberty_n and_o stoop_v under_o the_o yoke_n of_o a_o usurper_n but_o it_o immediate_o lose_v its_o former_a lustre_n the_o body_n fill_v with_o ill_a humour_n and_o may_v swell_v in_o title_n but_o can_v thrive_v either_o in_o dominion_n or_o riches_n according_a to_o that_o proportion_n which_o it_o former_o enjoy_v because_o all_o new_a acquisition_n be_v appropriate_v as_o the_o prince_n peculiar_a and_o in_o no_o wise_a conduce_v to_o the_o ease_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o public_a it_o be_v observable_a likewise_o in_o the_o course_n of_o hereditary_a monarchy_n that_o though_o a_o nation_n may_v have_v some_o respite_n and_o recruit_v now_o and_o then_o by_o the_o virtue_n and_o valour_n of_o a_o prince_n yet_o this_o be_v very_o rare_a and_o when_o it_o do_v happen_v it_o usual_o last_v no_o long_o than_o his_o life_n because_o his_o successor_n for_o the_o most_o part_n prove_v more_o weak_a or_o vicious_a than_o himself_o be_v virtuous_a for_o as_o dante_n the_o italian_a poet_n say_v non_fw-la sicut_fw-la in_fw-la ramos_fw-la ex_fw-la imo_fw-la stipite_fw-la succus_fw-la influit_fw-la in_fw-la liberos_fw-la sic_fw-la orta_fw-la parentibus_fw-la ipsis_fw-la descendit_fw-la virtus_fw-la virtue_n be_v not_o transmit_v from_o father_n to_o son_n as_o the_o sap_n of_o a_o tree_n be_v from_o the_o root_n to_o the_o branch_n virtue_n be_v lose_v in_o the_o descent_n 11._o and_o come_v not_o by_o traduction_n therefore_o machiavel_n say_v not_o he_o that_o place_v a_o virtuous_a government_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n or_o family_n and_o govern_v well_o during_o his_o natural_a life_n but_o he_o that_o establish_v a_o last_a form_n for_o the_o people_n constant_a security_n be_v most_o to_o be_v commend_v it_o be_v record_v in_o *_o 5._o history_n that_o the_o

hypothesis_n be_v oblique_o to_o charge_v the_o present_a power_n in_o england_n as_o usurper_n though_o he_o have_v lay_v the_o scene_n in_o america_n to_o this_o purpose_n he_o spend_v his_o first_o chapter_n where_o tell_v what_o usurpation_n be_v he_o define_v it_o a_o intrusion_n into_o the_o seat_n of_o authority_n without_o any_o lawful_a right_n title_n or_o call_v and_o insinuate_v it_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o present_a governor_n as_o if_o they_o be_v guilty_a of_o this_o intrusion_n without_o right_a or_o title_n in_o apply_v this_o he_o first_o allege_v that_o the_o right_a and_o title_n to_o government_n be_v in_o a_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o coordinate_a in_o power_n not_o in_o the_o commons_o alone_o this_o indeed_o be_v true_a till_o the_o king_n as_o i_o show_v before_o lose_v his_o title_n by_o right_n of_o war_n and_o until_o the_o lord_n likewise_o lose_v they_o by_o compliance_n with_o the_o enemy_n and_o invader_n of_o the_o nation_n for_o which_o cause_n they_o themselves_o also_o by_o right_a of_o war_n forfeit_v all_o their_o interest_n and_o privilege_n as_o enemy_n and_o so_o the_o who_o authority_n devolve_v natural_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o commons_o but_o here_o the_o exercitator_n object_n also_o that_o the_o present_a governor_n have_v usurp_v over_o the_o majority_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o that_o they_o be_v thrust_v out_o of_o the_o house_n by_o force_n but_o for_o answer_n since_o by_o the_o equity_n of_o all_o law_n accessary_n be_v punishable_a as_o well_o as_o those_o that_o be_v principal_a in_o the_o crime_n therefore_o by_o the_o same_o right_n of_o war_n the_o seclude_a member_n also_o in_o adhere_v to_o the_o conquer_a party_n even_o after_o the_o victory_n and_o favour_v the_o invader_n be_v just_o deprive_v of_o their_o interest_n and_o the_o supreme_a †_o 5._o authority_n descend_v lawful_o to_o those_o member_n that_o have_v the_o courage_n to_o assert_v their_o freedom_n secure_v their_o own_o interest_n themselves_o and_o their_o adherent_n from_o future_a inconvenience_n and_o take_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o those_o prerogative_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o king_n lord_n and_o seclude_v commons_o as_o heir_n apparent_a by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n and_o custom_n of_o nation_n to_o a_o investiture_n in_o the_o whole_a supremacy_n one_o objection_n more_o he_o have_v how_o that_o a_o call_n from_o the_o people_n be_v necessary_a and_o essential_a to_o a_o human_o constitute_v magistracy_n our_o present_a governor_n ought_v to_o have_v such_o a_o call_n but_o not_o have_v it_o they_o be_v therefore_o conclude_v guilty_a of_o usurpation_n this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o the_o objection_n though_o not_o syllogistical_o decipher_v to_o which_o i_o answer_v 1._o that_o if_o only_o a_o call_n from_o the_o people_n constitute_v a_o lawful_a magistracy_n than_o there_o have_v very_o rare_o ever_o be_v any_o lawful_a magistracy_n in_o the_o world_n nor_o among_o we_o long_o before_o and_o since_o the_o conquest_n the_o proof_n of_o this_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o a_o review_n of_o those_o instance_n set_v down_o before_o in_o the_o second_o chapter_n where_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o all_o the_o world_n over_o most_o prince_n come_v into_o the_o seat_n of_o authority_n not_o only_o without_o a_o call_n but_o absolute_o against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o people_n and_o so_o many_o of_o they_o exercise_v the_o sovereignty_n to_o this_o very_a day_n and_o particular_o here_o in_o england_n most_o of_o our_o own_o king_n reign_v without_o any_o call_n but_o make_v way_n by_o their_o sword_n there_o be_v of_o those_o 25_o prince_n that_o have_v king_v it_o among_o we_o not_o above_o half_a a_o dozen_o that_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n in_o a_o orderly_a succession_n either_o by_o lineal_a or_o collateral_a title_n and_o not_o any_o one_o of_o those_o half_a dozen_o but_o lay_v claim_n to_o it_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o predecessor_n usurpation_n without_o any_o call_n from_o the_o people_n only_o in_o the_o investiture_n they_o have_v their_o consent_n because_o out_o of_o a_o love_n of_o public_a peace_n none_o will_v or_o out_o of_o fear_n none_o dare_v offer_v to_o question_v their_o title_n now_o if_o the_o former_a part_n of_o this_o objection_n be_v true_a that_o a_o call_n be_v the_o only_a essential_a constitute_v a_o lawful_a government_n than_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o as_o all_o the_o world_n so_o we_o and_o our_o ancestor_n have_v live_v and_o pay_v obedience_n for_o the_o most_o part_n under_o a_o unlawful_a magistracy_n which_o sure_o no_o sober_a man_n will_v affirm_v but_o if_o any_o will_v be_v so_o mad_a as_o to_o say_v it_o i_o only_o propound_v to_o he_o this_o sober_a quaere_fw-la why_o we_o may_v not_o now_o as_o lawful_o submit_v to_o the_o present_a magistracy_n in_o case_n it_o be_v unlawful_a as_o our_o ancestor_n do_v heretofore_o to_o they_o for_o the_o public_a peace_n of_o the_o nation_n 2._o as_o to_o the_o assumptive_a part_n part_n of_o this_o objection_n which_o insinuate_v that_o our_o present_a governor_n have_v no_o call_n or_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n i_o answer_v that_o if_o by_o the_o consent_n be_v mean_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n or_o of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o their_o representative_n this_o may_v hold_v requisite_a in_o a_o state_n not_o divide_v by_o civil_a war_n but_o at_o peace_n within_o itself_o where_o it_o be_v most_o consonant_a to_o reason_n that_o in_o case_n there_o be_v occasion_n to_o elect_v a_o supreme_a magistrate_n or_o magistrate_n the_o election_n shall_v be_v carry_v by_o the_o great_a number_n of_o voice_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o voice_n be_v usual_o give_v in_o that_o state_n but_o now_o in_o a_o civil_a war_n the_o case_n be_v alter_v when_o the_o controversy_n touch_v government_n be_v decide_v by_o the_o sword_n for_o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la the_o sword_n create_v a_o title_n for_o he_o or_o those_o that_o bear_v it_o mutatur_fw-la and_o install_v they_o with_o a_o new_a majesty_n of_o empire_n abolish_n the_o old_a because_o as_o the_o civilian_n say_v the_o ancient_a majesty_n of_o a_o state_n or_o common-weal_n continue_v no_o long_o if_o it_o be_v change_v either_o by_o a_o great_a power_n or_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n where_o you_o see_v force_n and_o power_n be_v put_v in_o equal_a balance_n with_o popular_a consent_n in_o relation_n to_o change_v of_o government_n and_o as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o best_a pedigree_n of_o supremacy_n they_o define_v the_o supreme_a authority_n to_o be_v that_o which_o hold_v claim_v from_o god_n and_o the_o sword_n etc._n and_o therefore_o be_v also_o as_o it_o be_v the_o author_n of_o its_o own_o original_a without_o dependence_n on_o any_o other_o so_o that_o say_v they_o every_o commonwealth_n be_v it_o never_o so_o small_a which_o acknowledge_v no_o superior_a but_o god_n and_o the_o sword_n have_v a_o right_n of_o majesty_n or_o political_a supremacy_n camman_n disput._n de_fw-fr juribus_fw-la majest._n 1._o thes._n 70._o 75._o etc._n etc._n to_o this_o accord_n that_o of_o grotius_n before-recited_a that_o as_o in_o war_n all_o other_o thing_n fall_v to_o the_o conqueror_n by_o way_n of_o acquisition_n so_o likewise_o a_o right_a to_o govern_v the_o people_n and_o even_o that_o right_o also_o which_o the_o people_n themselves_o have_v to_o government_n 1._o so_o that_o what_o government_n soever_o it_o please_v they_o to_o erect_v 15._o the_o people_n have_v lose_v their_o right_n of_o election_n to_o they_o must_v be_v as_o valid_a de_fw-la iure_fw-la as_o if_o it_o have_v the_o people_n consent_n but_o as_o in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o their_o express_a positive_a consent_n to_o justify_v a_o new_a goverument_n so_o a_o tacit_a or_o imply_v consent_n be_v sufficient_a which_o consent_n as_o one_o say_v well_o be_v the_o very_a dictate_n of_o nature_n or_o common_a reason_n because_o it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v some_o justice_n than_o none_o at_o all_o and_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o some_o coercive_a power_n or_o government_n leave_v all_o be_v leave_v to_o disorder_n violence_n and_o confusion_n which_o none_o even_o of_o the_o conquer_a party_n can_v be_v so_o unnatural_a as_o to_o desire_v and_o therefore_o say_v *_o 10._o suarez_n they_o do_v tacit_o consent_v that_o justice_n be_v administer_v by_o the_o conqueror_n because_o it_o be_v a_o less_o evil_a to_o be_v govern_v by_o they_o than_o altogether_o to_o want_v due_a coaction_n and_o direction_n object_n now_o ere_o i_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o must_v needs_o wipe_v away_o one_o objection_n very_o frequent_a in_o the_o mouth_n of_o many_o that_o this_o transmission_n of_o title_n by_o right_n of_o war_n hold_v good_a when_o nation_n be_v engage_v against_o nation_n but_o in_o one_o single_a nation_n

submit_v to_o they_o so_o far_o as_o not_o to_o presume_v to_o dispute_v how_o they_o come_v by_o their_o power_n and_o this_o course_n be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o all_o expositor_n the_o practice_n of_o all_o time_n and_o the_o voice_n even_o of_o natural_a reason_n since_o the_o open_n of_o a_o gap_n to_o question_v supreme_a power_n and_o touch_v the_o tender_a eye_n of_o their_o authority_n will_v let_v out_o all_o into_o confusion_n tumult_n follow_v tumult_n like_o billow_n upon_o billow_n till_o the_o world_n be_v overwhelm_v with_o a_o sea_n of_o misery_n and_o distraction_n object_n but_o some_o may_v object_v if_o there_o be_v such_o a_o necessity_n of_o submission_n to_o supreme_a power_n without_o question_v they_o how_o then_o can_v this_o parliament_n be_v justify_v in_o have_v question_v the_o king_n at_o their_o first_o sit_v for_o divers_a of_o his_o action_n answ_n i_o answer_v there_o be_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o supreme_a power_n and_o the_o 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question_n be_v make_v who_o we_o shall_v obey_v it_o must_v not_o be_v regard_v what_o he_o be_v that_o exercise_v the_o power_n 13._o or_o by_o what_o right_a or_o wrong_n he_o have_v invade_v the_o power_n or_o in_o what_o form_n he_o dispense_v it_o but_o only_o if_o he_o have_v power_n for_o if_o any_o man_n do_v excel_v in_o power_n it_o be_v now_o out_o of_o doubt_n that_o he_o have_v receive_v that_o power_n from_o god_n wherefore_o without_o all_o exception_n thou_o must_v yield_v thyself_o up_o to_o he_o and_o hearty_o obey_v he_o see_v now_o all_o supreme_a power_n be_v of_o god_n and_o that_o the_o apostle_n command_v subjection_n to_o they_o but_o damn_v resistance_n it_o be_v clear_a then_o as_o to_o our_o case_n here_o in_o england_n that_o we_o owe_v submission_n to_o the_o present_a governor_n and_o that_o no_o private_a man_n have_v any_o warrant_n out_o of_o the_o word_n to_o satisfy_v his_o conscience_n in_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o such_o action_n as_o tend_v to_o disturb_v or_o thrust_v they_o out_o of_o possession_n therefore_o according_a to_o this_o second_o supposition_n of_o the_o doctor_n no_o oath_n be_v of_o force_n to_o bind_v the_o conscience_n further_o than_o a_o man_n may_v lawful_o act_n it_o follow_v evident_o the_o case_n thus_o stand_v that_o the_o old_a allegiance_n be_v cancel_v and_o we_o bind_v to_o admit_v a_o new_a and_o that_o both_o it_o and_o the_o covenant_n have_v now_o no_o influence_n at_o all_o over_o we_o but_o be_v utter_o void_a and_o of_o none_o effect_n 3_o stantibus_fw-la the_o three_o tacit_a condition_n or_o supposition_n imply_v in_o all_o oath_n be_v say_v the_o doctor_n rebus_fw-la sic_fw-la stantibus_fw-la as_o long_o as_o thing_n continue_v thus_o it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v that_o when_o i_o swear_v to_o perform_v any_o thing_n i_o do_v it_o with_o this_o tacit_a reservation_n if_o i_o be_v not_o hinder_v by_o a_o alteration_n of_o affair_n but_o if_o such_o a_o alteration_n happen_z that_o neither_o the_o same_o person_n nor_o thing_n be_v in_o be_v which_o i_o swear_v to_o maintain_v my_o oath_n be_v at_o a_o end_n and_o the_o obligation_n cease_v which_o now_o be_v our_o very_a case_n here_o in_o england_n the_o government_n be_v change_v and_o new_a governor_n set_v over_o we_o for_o this_o the_o learned_a grotius_n have_v one_o instance_n very_o pertinent_a to_o our_o purpose_n magistratus_fw-la a_o oath_n say_v he_o bind_v a_o man_n no_o long_o if_o the_o quality_n or_o condition_n of_o the_o person_n to_o who_o he_o swear_v be_v alter_v as_o for_o example_n if_o he_o that_o be_v a_o magistrate_n cease_v to_o be_v a_o magistrate_n in_o evidence_n whereof_o the_o same_o author_n allege_v a_o say_n of_o caesar_n to_o the_o soldier_n of_o domitius_n when_o domitius_n be_v a_o prisoner_n they_o be_v unwilling_a to_o serve_v caesar_n because_o of_o the_o military_a oath_n they_o have_v take_v for_o the_o other_o but_o to_o take_v away_o this_o scruple_n 2._o say_v caesar_n to_o they_o sacramento_n quidem_fw-la vos_fw-la tenère_fw-la quî_fw-la potuit_fw-la belli_fw-la quum_fw-la projectis_fw-la fascibus_fw-la et_fw-la deposito_fw-la imperio_fw-la privatus_fw-la et_fw-la captus_fw-la ipse_fw-la in_fw-la alienam_fw-la venisset_fw-la potestatem_fw-la how_o can_v he_o hold_v you_o bind_v by_o oath_n any_o long_o be_v out_v of_o his_o authority_n and_o command_n remain_v a_o private_a man_n and_o a_o prisoner_n under_o the_o power_n of_o another_o alas_o *_o sublatum_fw-la your_o oath_n end_v together_o with_o his_o authority_n thus_o also_o according_a to_o this_o three_o supposition_n of_o the_o doctor_n it_o be_v plain_o to_o be_v infer_v that_o since_o affair_n of_o state_n stand_v not_o now_o in_o england_n ibid._n as_o they_o be_v when_o we_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n or_o the_o covenant_n but_o a_o new_a government_n be_v erect_v therefore_o our_o obligation_n to_o the_o former_a be_v total_o extinguish_v and_o if_o the_o obligation_n be_v extinct_a as_o i_o have_v prove_v in_o the_o several_a particular_n beforementioned_a than_o the_o consequence_n be_v as_o plain_a that_o neither_o of_o those_o oath_n can_v be_v a_o ground_n sufficient_a to_o justify_v any_o royalist_n or_o presbyterian_a in_o deny_v a_o submission_n to_o the_o present_a government_n or_o to_o raise_v a_o new_a war_n within_o the_o nation_n part_n ii_o have_v in_o the_o former_a part_n as_o i_o think_v full_o manifest_v the_o necessity_n and_o equity_n my_o design_n in_o the_o next_o be_v to_o show_v the_o utility_n and_o benefit_n of_o a_o submission_n this_o i_o shall_v do_v by_o state_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o design_n of_o the_o several_a party_n claim_v a_o interest_n in_o this_o nation_n viz_n royalist_n scot_n presbyterian_n leveller_n as_o they_o stand_v in_o opposition_n to_o the_o present_a government_n and_o will_v each_o of_o they_o introduce_v a_o new_a form_n of_o their_o own_o and_o that_o you_o may_v the_o better_o understand_v they_o and_o their_o affair_n i_o shall_v in_o plain_a method_n for_o the_o more_o easy_a conviction_n proceed_v upon_o these_o particular_n first_o the_o great_a improbability_n of_o effect_v their_o design_n second_o the_o grand_a inconvenience_n which_o must_v needs_o follow_v in_o case_n either_o of_o they_o be_v effect_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n three_o the_o excellency_n of_o a_o free_a state_n or_o commonwealth_n as_o it_o be_v now_o establish_v in_o england_n and_o what_o happiness_n we_o may_v reap_v thereby_o after_o i_o have_v handle_v the_o 2_o former_a as_o they_o hold_v relation_n to_o the_o several_a party_n i_o shall_v bring_v up_o the_o rear_n with_o the_o three_o by_o way_n of_o conclusion_n chap._n i._n concerning_o the_o royal_a party_n the_o royalist_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n first_o such_o as_o adhere_v to_o the_o prince_n out_o

therewith_o incorporate_a may_v reside_v henceforward_o in_o a_o representative_a of_o the_o people_n consist_v of_o 400_o person_n and_o no_o more_o whereto_o all_o of_o 21_o year_n and_o upward_o be_v allow_v a_o right_a to_o choose_v and_o be_v choose_v member_n except_o servant_n and_o vagabond_n and_o because_o all_o person_n have_v a_o equality_n of_o right_a to_o choose_v and_o be_v choose_v without_o respect_n of_o birth_n quality_n or_o wealth_n all_o order_n of_o man_n be_v level_v in_o this_o particular_a therefore_o the_o promoter_n of_o this_o way_n be_v not_o improper_o call_v leveller_n so_o that_o this_o term_n of_o level_v be_v equivalent_a with_o aristotle_n {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o 2._o which_o be_v translate_v aequalitas_fw-la juris_fw-la the_o equality_n of_o right_n beforementioned_a and_o the_o same_o author_n say_v this_o plea_n for_o equality_n of_o right_n in_o government_n at_o length_n introduce_v a_o claim_n for_o equality_n of_o estate_n and_o the_o make_n of_o such_o law_n as_o the_o *_o democr_n agrarian_a law_n enact_v by_o the_o popular_a boutefeus_n in_o rome_n whereby_o it_o be_v make_v criminal_a for_o any_o man_n to_o grow_v rich_a than_o ordinary_a but_o of_o this_o more_o anon_o now_o therefore_o since_o it_o appear_v how_o injurious_a their_o calumny_n be_v and_o how_o perilous_a their_o design_n be_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o commonwealth_n i_o suppose_v it_o be_v time_n lose_v to_o stand_v to_o prove_v the_o improbability_n of_o their_o success_n see_v all_o person_n of_o credit_n and_o fortune_n be_v concern_v to_o abhor_v and_o detest_v this_o wild_a project_n and_o though_o the_o four_o champion_n make_v proclamation_n in_o the_o head_n of_o their_o agreement_n agreement_n that_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o truth_n it_o have_v make_v its_o own_o way_n into_o the_o understanding_n and_o take_v root_n in_o the_o heart_n and_o affection_n of_o most_o man_n yet_o you_o must_v know_v these_o man_n they_o speak_v of_o be_v only_o the_o rude_a multitude_n who_o understand_v no_o more_o of_o the_o business_n than_o that_o it_o may_v prove_v a_o hopeful_a way_n to_o mend_v their_o own_o out_o of_o other_o man_n fortune_n and_o satisfy_v their_o natural_a appetite_n of_o covetousness_n and_o revenge_n upon_o the_o honourable_a and_o wealthy_a in_o consideration_n whereof_o i_o come_v next_o to_o give_v you_o a_o more_o exact_a and_o lively_a draught_n of_o the_o manifold_a miserable_a inconvenience_n of_o that_o government_n or_o rather_o confusion_n so_o earnest_o contend_v for_o by_o the_o level_a party_n first_o such_o a_o democratic_a or_o popular_a form_n that_o put_v the_o whole_a multitude_n into_o a_o equal_a exercise_n of_o the_o supreme_a authority_n under_o pretence_n of_o maintain_v liberty_n be_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o statesman_n the_o great_a enemy_n of_o liberty_n for_o the_o multitude_n be_v so_o brutish_a that_o as_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n say_v they_o be_v *_o saevit●am_fw-la ever_o in_o the_o extreme_n of_o kindness_n or_o cruelty_n be_v void_a of_o reason_n and_o hurry_v on_o with_o a_o unbridle_a violence_n in_o all_o their_o action_n trample_v down_o all_o respect_n of_o thing_n sacred_a and_o civil_a to_o make_v way_n for_o that_o their_o liberty_n which_o clapmarius_n call_v †_o pop_v a_o most_o dissolute_a licentiousness_n or_o a_o licence_n to_o do_v even_o what_o they_o list_v according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o lyric_a in_fw-la vitium_fw-la libertas_fw-la excidit_fw-la and_o vim_fw-la dignam_fw-la lege_fw-la regi_fw-la when_o liberty_n become_v the_o great_a vice_n and_o degenerate_v into_o violence_n such_o a_o liberty_n as_o this_o be_v record_v by_o tacitus_n to_o have_v be_v among_o the_o parthian_n a_o uncertain_a loose_a kind_n of_o people_n *_o libertate_fw-la live_v rather_o without_o government_n than_o in_o liberty_n or_o as_o sallust_n speak_v of_o the_o abrogines_n sallust_n a_o rude_a sort_n of_o man_n without_o law_n without_o government_n free_a and_o dissolute_a and_o livy_n †_o 5._o tell_v you_o how_o thing_n be_v come_v to_o that_o pass_n in_o the_o popular_a state_n of_o rome_n that_o no_o regard_n be_v have_v either_o to_o the_o senate_n or_o magistracy_n or_o military_a discipline_n or_o to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o ancestor_n when_o affair_n be_v in_o this_o condition_n than_o as_o aristotle_n say_v mera_n {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o est_fw-la extrema_fw-la tyrannis_fw-la mere_a democracy_n or_o liberty_n be_v extreme_a tyranny_n and_o as_o besoldus_n plebs_fw-la perniciosissimus_fw-la fit_fw-la tyrannus_fw-la the_o people_n become_v a_o most_o pernicious_a tyrant_n hence_o it_o be_v say_v quicciardin_n histor._n lib._n 2._o very_o pertinent_o to_o our_o purpose_n that_o many_o time_n when_o a_o people_n have_v get_v loose_a from_o the_o yoke_n of_o a_o tyranny_n or_o kingly_a government_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o liberty_n they_o proceed_v from_o one_o extreme_a to_o another_o and_o sese_fw-la nisi_fw-la retineantur_fw-la in_fw-la effraenatam_fw-la licentiam_fw-la praecipitant_fw-la quae_fw-la quidem_fw-la et_fw-la ipsa_fw-la jure_fw-la tyrannis_fw-la potest_fw-la appellari_fw-la and_o except_o they_o be_v restrain_v run_v headlong_o to_o licentiousness_n which_o also_o may_v be_v right_o call_v a_o tyranny_n to_o which_o accord_v that_o of_o peucerus_n who_o most_o excellent_o describe_v the_o effect_n of_o it_o in_o these_o word_n *_o etc._n the_o study_n of_o popular_a air_n applause_n and_o humour_n be_v a_o madness_n no_o whit_n inferior_a to_o tyranny_n itself_o those_o which_o seek_v after_o it_o as_o leader_n of_o the_o people_n become_v far_o more_o cruel_a and_o mischievous_a than_o single_a tyrant_n can_v be_v for_o single_a tyrant_n be_v the_o less_o able_a to_o do_v mischief_n because_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o stand_v in_o fear_n of_o other_o but_o the_o furious_a multitude_n fear_v no_o colour_n be_v hurry_v on_o like_o a_o torrent_n and_o bear_v down_o all_o the_o bank_n of_o opposition_n so_o that_o as_o clapmarius_n say_v reckon_v up_o those_o flagitious_a enormity_n of_o kingly_a government_n together_o flag_n as_o breach_n of_o faith_n violation_n of_o thing_n sacred_a deprive_v man_n of_o their_o possession_n 19_o with_o all_o the_o act_n of_o injustice_n and_o cruelty_n and_o they_o abound_v much_o more_o in_o a_o mere_a popular_a state_n or_o level_v popularity_n than_o any_o other_o and_o therefore_o †_o habeatur_fw-la bodin_n conclude_v since_o it_o be_v the_o high_a road_n to_o licentiousness_n and_o tyranny_n it_o be_v just_o condemn_v by_o all_o wise_a man_n of_o the_o world_n 4._o second_o 3._o nor_o be_v be_v only_o a_o mere_a tyranny_n in_o itself_o but_o so_o far_o destructive_a of_o a_o free_a state_n especial_o a_o free_a state_n new_o erect_v that_o it_o soon_o cause_v a_o change_n of_o it_o into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o regal_a tyranny_n according_a to_o that_o maxim_n of_o politician_n facilis_fw-la est_fw-la transitus_fw-la à_fw-la regimine_fw-la democratico_fw-la ad_fw-la monarchicum_fw-la the_o passage_n be_v quick_a and_o easy_a from_o a_o mere_a popularity_n to_o monarchy_n and_o that_o because_o of_o those_o discontent_n emulation_n and_o tumult_n which_o arise_v continual_o among_o they_o and_o whereby_o their_o leader_n so_o tire_v they_o out_o that_o in_o a_o little_a time_n they_o †_o devoluso_fw-la willing_o yield_v themselves_o under_o the_o yoke_n of_o any_o one_o person_n who_o seem_v willing_a and_o able_a to_o deliver_v and_o ease_v they_o by_o a_o settlement_n thus_o rome_n that_o stately_a mistress_n of_o the_o world_n arc._n who_o disdain_v to_o stoop_v under_o victorious_a caesar_n 14._o fall_v afterward_o into_o popular_a division_n and_o discord_n more_o fierce_a than_o ever_o soon_o grow_v weary_a and_o willing_a to_o bow_v her_o neck_n under_o *_o tacit._n augustus_n plutarch_n compare_v those_o popular_a tumult_n to_o the_o pang_n of_o a_o woman_n in_o travel_n call_v they_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o reipub_n the_o pain_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n that_o †_o regnum_fw-la must_v needs_o bring_v forth_o into_o the_o world_n some_o great_a kingdom_n or_o tyranny_n now_o the_o person_n invest_v after_o this_o manner_n be_v usual_o some_o one_o of_o their_o leader_n 1._o who_o by_o soothe_v and_o carry_v they_o on_o upon_o high_a and_o glorious_a pretence_n of_o liberty_n gain_v so_o much_o confidence_n and_o power_n among_o they_o that_o in_o the_o end_n he_o bereave_v they_o of_o liberty_n to_o disturb_v he_o or_o themselves_o any_o further_o thus_o and_o by_o such_o art_n as_o these_o julius_n caesar_n first_o erect_v the_o imperial_a tyranny_n at_o rome_n as_o pisistratus_n likewise_o make_v himself_o absolute_a at_o athens_n and_o dionysius_n the_o tyrant_n at_o syracuse_n who_o pretend_v themselves_o great_a patron_n of_o liberty_n stir_v the_o people_n up_o against_o the_o senate_n and_o counsellor_n of_o state_n as_o enemy_n to_o that_o liberty_n whereof_o

disrelished_a that_o the_o king_n give_v he_o a_o dose_n in_o convenient_a season_n which_o rid_v he_o away_o by_o a_o linger_a sickness_n and_o aratus_n so_o well_o understand_v how_o the_o case_n be_v with_o he_o that_o when_o his_o friend_n cephalon_n come_v to_o visit_v he_o in_o his_o chamber_n {non-roman}_o and_o ask_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o he_o spit_v blood_n o_o cephalon_n say_v he_o these_o be_v the_o reward_n of_o kingly_a friendship_n and_o acquaintance_n our_o own_o history_n and_o our_o neighbour_n of_o france_n may_v furnish_v we_o with_o instance_n enough_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n but_o at_o home_n here_o look_v no_o further_o than_o harry_n the_o 8_o and_o we_o find_v he_o ever_o and_o anon_o bedable_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o most_o deserve_a person_n atato_fw-la as_o well_o as_o most_o of_o his_o predecessor_n what_o persecution_n have_v happen_v since_o be_v notorious_a to_o all_o of_o the_o mean_a read_n and_o observation_n so_o that_o see_v it_o appear_v there_o be_v as_o little_a security_n for_o the_o brave_a spirit_n in_o a_o regal_a as_o in_o a_o popular_a tyranny_n certain_o all_o person_n of_o generous_a thought_n and_o resolution_n be_v much_o more_o concern_v to_o dislike_v it_o and_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o love_n of_o a_o free-state_n it_o be_v conclude_v by_o aristotle_n the_o best_a of_o government_n and_o be_v by_o experience_n know_v to_o be_v most_o conduce_v to_o the_o advancement_n of_o a_o nation_n every_o way_n in_o honour_n profit_n and_o dominion_n have_v ever_o produce_v many_o more_o excellent_a hero_n than_o any_o other_o form_n upon_o the_o stage_n of_o action_n as_o be_v evident_a in_o the_o grecian_a roman_a and_o modern_a story_n but_o one_o great_a argument_n of_o exception_n i_o perceive_v among_o some_o against_o this_o government_n be_v because_o man_n be_v permit_v the_o freedom_n of_o their_o soul_n and_o conscience_n in_o the_o profession_n of_o religion_n this_o they_o 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they_o fly_v not_o out_o into_o language_n against_o any_o of_o the_o four_o doctor_n who_o be_v the_o first_o patron_n of_o those_o opinion_n wherein_o if_o any_o chance_n to_o offend_v they_o be_v punish_v by_o fine_a and_o imprisonment_n lipsius_n tell_v we_o dialogist_n that_o in_o the_o isle_n of_o japan_n there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o nine_o religion_n every_o man_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o profess_v which_o he_o please_v so_o that_o in_o the_o same_o house_n you_o may_v see_v the_o husband_n of_o one_o religion_n the_o wife_n of_o another_o the_o son_n of_o a_o three_o and_o yet_o no_o heart-burning_n nor_o difference_n among_o they_o to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o family_n the_o turk_n we_o see_v also_o allow_v a_o equal_a liberty_n to_o christian_n and_o jew_n yet_o his_o empire_n have_v long_o continue_v firm_a and_o peaceable_a notwithstanding_o the_o variety_n of_o opinion_n tolerate_v among_o those_o of_o his_o own_o sect_n and_o other_o the_o case_n be_v the_o same_o likewise_o in_o several_a christian_a dominion_n as_o poland_n transylvania_n hungary_n and_o even_o in_o the_o protestant_a dominion_n in_o germany_n yet_o the_o experiment_n be_v bring_v near_a home_n to_o we_o by_o our_o neighbour_n the_o state_n of_o holland_n who_o by_o a_o prudent_a toleration_n of_o several_a profession_n have_v establish_v themselves_o in_o such_o a_o measure_n of_o peace_n plent_o and_o liberty_n as_o be_v not_o to_o be_v equal_v by_o any_o of_o the_o nation_n round_o about_o they_o and_o the_o reason_n why_o those_o nation_n continue_v in_o peace_n notwithstanding_o their_o difference_n in_o religious_a opinion_n be_v confess_v by_o the_o same_o lipsius_n a_o great_a roman_a catholic_n to_o be_v these_o first_o because_o the_o prince_n and_o he_o that_o be_v the_o high_a priest_n among_o they_o carry_v themselves_o with_o the_o same_o aspect_n upon_o all_o give_v no_o countenance_n to_o one_o more_o than_o another_o second_o because_o they_o severe_o 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than_o invention_n of_o torture_n and_o torment_n to_o thwart_v and_o stifle_v they_o because_o the_o understanding_n of_o man_n can_v no_o more_o be_v compel_v than_o their_o will_n to_o approve_v what_o they_o like_v not_o so_o that_o from_o hence_o it_o appear_v plain_o the_o great_a pretender_n of_o national_a uniformity_n in_o religion_n those_o high_a imperious_a vniformity-monger_n that_o will_v have_v man_n take_v measure_n of_o all_o opinion_n by_o their_o own_o be_v the_o great_a disturber_n of_o state_n and_o kingdom_n and_o seem_v of_o the_o same_o strain_n with_o the_o tyrant_n mezentius_n who_o if_o his_o guest_n be_v too_o long_o for_o his_o bed_n cut_v they_o short_a and_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v too_o short_a he_o have_v engine_n of_o torture_n to_o stretch_v they_o long_o be_v resolve_v to_o fit_v they_o all_o to_o his_o own_o measure_n and_o humour_n several_a other_o objection_n there_o be_v against_o this_o new_a government_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o many_o people_n but_o they_o be_v found_v upon_o outward_a sense_n more_o than_o inward_a reason_n they_o raise_v argument_n from_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o present_a necessity_n and_o not_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o government_n itself_o whereas_o if_o man_n will_v unanimous_o join_v in_o a_o establishment_n no_o such_o necessity_n will_v be_v but_o as_o now_o so_o always_o all_o alteration_n of_o government_n though_o for_o the_o better_a have_v be_v declaim_v against_o by_o the_o more_o ignorant_a sort_n of_o people_n suppose_v those_o burden_n will_v remain_v for_o ever_o which_o governor_n be_v constrain_v to_o lay_v upon_o they_o for_o present_a subsistence_n and_o security_n yet_o it_o have_v be_v ever_o observe_v likewise_o that_o the_o more_o willing_a and_o forward_a people_n have_v be_v to_o settle_v in_o peace_n under_o a_o new_a government_n the_o soon_o they_o have_v be_v ease_v of_o all_o their_o grievance_n and_o pressure_n according_a to_o that_o