wait long upon him in the use of means for comfort and consolation Object 5. But I cannot find my self to come on in grace in holy desires and affections but corruption to be more and more stirring in me and therefore I fear whether I have a true faith or no Answ First it may be thou dost not enjoy the means in a lively and constant way and it may be this thine own fault thou being too willing to live under an unprofitable ministry Secondly it may be thou dost not judge aright of thy own case There be times when the true Christian is not a competent judg of his own spiritual estate as when the humor of melancholly is big and boisterous in him or when his brain is crazie through some long or violent sicknesse or he is much overgone with trouble of conscience Thirdly Is it not the daily grief of thy soul that thou comest on no more in grace and that corruption is so lively in thee why then surely thou growest in the root although not in the blossome Fourthly To be sensible of corruption is a signe of a living soul which cannot be without a true faith Fifthly The more thou seest corruption the lesse it is because in seeing it thou hatest it it matters not so much what is in us as what good not what corruptions as how we stand affected to them Object 6. But I observe others to outstrip me who began profession long after I begun and therefore I suspect the truth of my faith Answ Fiâ—st take heed of envying the growth of others nay much rejoyce in it for the more grace any member attains unto thou rejoycing in it the better it is for thee Secondly If thou meanest by growth gifts as memory to carry away a Sermon ability to confer of the Points of Religion and to pray in a Methodical and enlarged way Thou art to know that natural parts and powers and so education doth much in all external exercises of Religion 3 To have a humble opinion of our selves and a high opinion of other Christians is good but yet we must take heed of wronging the work of Gods grace in our selves so highly thinking of others Graces as to conclude our selves to have none 4. If thou observe others indeed to outstrip thee beginning profession after thee take notice of them to be more diligent in the use of the Means thou that shouldst have been an example to them do not thou disdain they having got before thee now willingly to imitate them Object 7. I cannot pray at all sometimes and this makes me fear I have no faith Ans Thy case is such sometimes thou meanest as that thou canst not pray in an orderly and Methodical manner But 1. Is not this a trouble and grief unto thee Why then for all this thou mayest have a true faith 2. Is there not at such times an earnest desire in thee to pray and this manifested by sighs and groans Thou art to know this is a good sign of the Spirit of Adoption and further that the Lord can pick sense out of a confused prayer And for thy comfort weigh the places following Rom. 8.26 27. We know not what we should pray for as we ought but the Spirit it self maketh intercession for us with groanings which cannot be uttered And he that searcheth the hearts knoweth what is the mind of the spirit because he maketh intercession for the Saints according to the will of God And Psal 102.19 20. He hath looked down from the height of his Sanctuary from Heaven did the Lord behold the earth to hear the groaning of the Prisoner And Psal 10.17 Lord thou hast heard the desire of the humble And so Psal 145.19 He will fulfil the desire of them that fear him Nay Psal 77.4 I am so troubled that I cannot speak and yet breathing out prayer as well he could see ver 1. of the same Psalm I cryed unto God with my voice even unto God with my voice and he gave ear unto me And so Hezekiah Isai 38.14 Like a crane or a swallow so did I chatter but this chattering of his had a gracious effect as we may see in the verses following Object 8. But I am so troubled sometimes with hideous and blasphemous thoughts as I much suspect my faith as that there is no God that the Scriptures are false that all Religious courses are in vaine c. Ans Thou mayest not hence conclude thou hast no faith For 1. Suppose thou hast faith why yet thou hast an unregenerate part from whence these thoughts may come 2 It may be they come only from Satan and then further then thou consentest they are thy affliction but not thy sin 3 Was not our Saviour himself molested in this kind by Satan Matth. 4.1 c. 4 Dost not thou in grief of soul cry to God for pardon of these thoughts and help against them 5 I should rather take this to be an Argument of thy faith Satan seldom molesting his friends I mean natural men and women this way Object 9. But I have so many outward crosses and afflictions upon me and I am so impatient under them as I fear I have no faith Ans For the former part of the Objection it is scarce worth answering afflictions and crosses being the common lot of Believers in this vaile of tears as Psal 34.19 Many are the afflictions of the Righteous And Heb. 12.8 If ye be without chastisement whereof all are partakers then are ye bastards and not sons Now for the latter part of the objection impatience under crosses that is much to be lamented and bewailed yet thou must not hence conclude that thou hast no faith because we read of divers Believers in holy writ who through humane frailty were impatient in time of great affliction as Job David Jeremiah These objections we thought fit to answer for the supporting of the poor Christian whose faith is so much assaulted and opposed it being the Divels great project as to keep men and women from faith so when they have it to keep them from the comfort of it Vse 2. To exhort every man and woman 1. Such as have not this grace to labour for it it being the Instrument and the onely Instrument that apprehends and applies Christ and all his Merits nay that Instrument without which we cannot make use of any promise made unto the Flect and get this grace and get every grace It is true Gods Spirit must work this grace in us if it be wrought yet we must use the means But of that in the next Principle where we have the means of faith laid down 2. To exhort all such as have even the least measure of this grace to make use of it Is it the Instrument whereby we apprehend and apply Christ and all his Merits unto our own souls Oh let us make use of it this way often in the use of holy means be applying him and bringing him near unto
poor soul then of an earthly Kingdome to be bestowed upon thee 3. If thou thinkest those that have true Peace of conscience and Joy in the Holy Ghost to be the happiest people under the sun 4. If thou tremble at the Word and honour the very feet of those Instruments that bring glad tydings of peace to such as thy self to wit to wounded consciences 5. If thou send up strong and uncessant cryes to God for the assurance of his favour in and through Christ 6. If thou dost pity and compassionate all such as have broken and bruised hearts Vse 3. To exhort all such as for the present have not contrite and humble spirits to labour and endeavour for that disposition Motives 1. The contrary disposition to wit hardness of heart and impenitency is a great sin and a grievous judgement A great sin Rom. 2.5 But thou after thy hard and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thy self wrath against the day of wrath A grievous judgement Exod. 9.12 And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh See John 12.40 Now there be two kinds of hardness of heart 1. Sensible that which is perceived and felt and this may be in the godly as Isa 63.17 Oh Lord why hast thou made us to erre from thy wayes and heardened our hearts from thy fear 2. Insensible that which is not perceived and felt and this indeed is a great sin and plague 2. The second Motive The sooner we labour after this disposition the more easily in likelyhood we shall attain unto it when a heart hath been long hardened with the deceitfulness of sin it will not easily become a contrite and humble heart and therefore Psalm 95.7.8 To day if ye will hear his voice harden not your hearts So Joel 2.12 13. Besides it may be hereafter we shall not enjoy the like means this way we do for the present 3. Without this contrite and humble spirit according to the Doctrine we cannot partake of Christ and his benefits this is the Messenger that Christ ever sends before him unto those of years for we do not now speak of Infants and wo be unto us if we do not partake of Christ and his benefits it had been good for us we had never been born 4. Whosoever hath this contrite and humble spirit shall certainly partake of Christ and his benefits Now this may greatly induce us to labour for this disposition when the issue undoubtedly shall be so good and so happy Suppose this business be difficult and tedious why yet such an issue must needs put us on in it These are the Motives Now we proceed to the Means of a contrite and humble spirit Means 1. Prayer to God in the best manner we can it is he that must bruise our hard and stony hearts Ezek. 36.26 I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh and I will give you an heart of flesh to wit a contrite and humble heart 2. Because the Lord doth many times make use of afflictions and judgements for the bruising of mens hearts when he sends any great affliction upon us let us not stand out against him but joyn with him when he goes a bout to humble us let us labour to humble our selves as Saul afterwards called Paul Acts 9.6 trembling and astonished said Lord what wilt thou have me to do When the hand of God is upon us let us not stand murmuring and repining but fall to examination of our Spiritual estates and cases as the Wise-man adviseth us Eccles 7.14 In the day of adversity consider 3. Constant dependance upon the Ministry of the Word Jer. 23.29 Is not my word like as a fire saith the Lord and like a hammer that breaketh the Rocks in pieces Now we are to know that the Law hath a stroke in this work and so the Gospel 1. The Law by revealing of sin and the woful consequents of it and so the Spirit of God co-operating there is caused a servile fear and trembling a kind of contrition and humiliation which the Apostle Rom. 8.15 cals the spirit of bondage causing fear when the Spirit of God puts an edge upon the Law puts a sword into the hand of the Law to prick and wound the heart and to restrain it in the wayes of sin for fear of punishment Many a man and woman hears the Law opened and the threatnings of it thundringly denounced but stir not are little moved but when once the Lord by his Spirit puts an edge upon the Law then the stoutest heart trembles and quakes Now that the Law may have a kindly work upon us 1. By the Law let us labour for a distinct knowledge of sin 2. Rightly to understand what the Curse is which the Law threatneth unto sin and sinners 3. Examine our selves how guilty we are of that which the Law threatens the Curse unto to wit sin 4. Finding our selves guilty to labour our hearts to a deep contrition and humiliation Now as we have heard before as the Law hath a stroke in this work why so the Gospel more and more melting the heart by discovering Christ whom the sinner hath pierced by his sins and by supporting the heart by a secret hope of mercy and possibility of help in and through Christ even as Jonah Chap. 2. verse 4. Then I said I am cast out of thy sight yet I will look again toward thy holy Temple Or as the Prodigal Son Luke 15.17 18. And when he came to himself he said How many hired servants of my fathers house have bread enough and to spare and I perish with hunger I will arise and go to my father and will say unto him father I have sinned against heaven and before thee c. Now after the Law hath humbled us and the Gospel conveyed this glimpse of hope into our hearts it must be nourished and cherished 1. By considering of the Lords Infinite and Almighty Power how he is able more and more to bruise our souls to make us more and more capable of Christ and so to bring Christ nearer unto us that we may partake of him and his benefits Luke 1.37 With God nothing shall be unpossible And Matth. 3.9 God is able of stones to raise up children unto Abraham 2. The freeness of Gods mercy must be considered of he requires nothing of thee to procure this mercy but shewes mercy because he will shew mercy Suppose thou hast never so many exceptions to thy self why yet thou belonging unto him and his mercy being a free mercy he will proceed with thee until he hath made thee capable of Christ and bestowed Christ upon thee and his benefits Ezek. 36.26 I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh and I will give you an heart of flesh And Isaiah 43.25 I even I am he that blotteth out thy transgressions for mine own sake 3. For supporting of this hope consider we of the riches of Gods mercy unto the proper objects of mercy Contrite and Humble men
are destitute of this grace to be for the present in a wofull condition no measure of this grace no benefit by Christ and then woe and alas Vse 2 For trial and examination whether we be qualified with this grace or no seeing it is of such necessity as that without it we cannot partake of Christ and his Benefits To this purpose 2 Cor. 13.5 Examine your selves whether you be in the faith that is whether a true faith be in you or no prove your owne selves know you not your own selves how that Jesus Christ is in you except ye be Reprobates Now if we say we have a Justifying faith First How came we by it How was it wrought in us Did it come by hearing of the word Rom. 10.17 Faith cometh by hearing and hearing by the word of God Hath the Law been thy School-master to bring thee to Christ Gal. 3.24 Hath the ministry of the Law effectually discovered thy sins and miserable condition unto thee and so thy heart became contrite and broken Before Christ came into thy heart did John the Baptist come preparing his way Mark 1.2 This is the ordinary way whereby the Lord brings his Elect to faith before the Gospel work it instrumentally the Law prepares unto it 2. Thou that sayest thou hast faith how hast thou held it Hath it not been with doubtings and fears as the father of the possessed child Mark 9.24 Lord I believe help thou mine unbelief It is true indeed that doubting is not of the nature of faith but just contrary unto it yet there is no faith altogether without doubting although it cannot be denyed but as faith growes so doubting is expelled Many will say they never doubted they thank God but that such persons never had faith I need not doubt to affirm 2. Weigh we the effects and fruits of this Grace 1. It will make a man or a woman earnestly to desire after the word Job 23.12 I esteemed the words of his mouth more then my necessary food And 1 Pet. 2.2 As new born babes desire the sincere milk of the word that ye may grow thereby Amos 8.12 the Believer is described to be such an one as runs to and fro to seek the word of the Lord when there is a scarcity of it Such as in the ordinary course are indifferent whether they hear the word or no have an indifferent faith I mean none no true faith and there be abundance of such persons like to the Faction in Corinth that gloried they were neither followers of Paul nor of Apollo nor of Cephas but of Christ only They would seem so to depend upon Christ that they cared for never a Preacher of them all nor regarded to partake of their Ministry And so many men and women at this day that hope they say to be saved by Christ and yet care not in the least for the Ministry of the word but this hope of theirs is but a vain hope 2. A second fruit of this faith it is plentiful in Prayers and Supplications so we read of Paul in the swadling bands of Conversion Acts 9.11 Behold he prayeth And David Psal 86.3 I cry unto thee daily nay Psal 55.17 Evening and Morning and at noon will I pray and cry aloud And one special thing Believers pray for is an encrease of this grace Luke 17.5 O Lord encrease our faith So the Apostles praied And Mark 9.24 the father of the possessed child cryed out Lord I believe help thou mine unbelief There is a great difference betwixt the praying of such as have this grace and such as have it not Such as have not this grace praying especially for temporal things and if for Spiritual things in a lip cold carelesse and carnal way but the Believer especially for Spiritual things as before and from the heart earnestly as Galat. 4.6 Because ye are sons God hath sent fortht he Spirit of his Son onto your hearts crying Abba father Ephes 6.18 3. The third effect and fruit of this faith is Sins Mortification in some measure 1 Joh. 5.4 5. This grace purifies the heart as Acts 15.9 And this effect of faith is thus grounded 1. Because it applieth all that Christ did and suffered particularly to a man and perswadeth his soul that out of his love to him and care to keep him from perishing everlastingly he endured all that he did endure as Galat. 2.20 Who loved me and gave himself for me and hence the Believer cannot but love Christ again and manifest the same by setting himself against that which he knowes Christ hates to wit sin 1 John 4.19 2 Cor. 5.14 15. 2. The second ground is Because this Grace unites a man to Christ Joh. 15.5 brings Christ into the soul now if Christ be in the soul sin must needs be weakening and decaying Many pretend faith but where is the abatement of corruption See Malach. 4.2 But unto you that fear my name shall the Sun of righteousness arise with healing in his wings This Sun did never arise and shine upon any heart but it brought an healing vertue with it The fourth effect of faith A high esteem of the godly be they never so poor and a mean esteem of the wicked be they never so rich so the Psalmist sets forth the Believer Psal 15.4 In whose eyes a vile person is contemned suppose they be never so rich and wealthy but he honoureth them that fear the Lord be they never so mean and poor Now many in the ordinary course who are they familiar with but the wicked and whom do they oppose but the godly and for Godliness sake Such are far from having any measure of this grace 5. The fifth effect and fruit of this faith is A fear to offend God in any thing Prov. 28.14 Happy is the man that feareth alway to wit to offend God the true Believer is this man And Psal 130.4 There is forgiveness with thee saith the true Believer to God that thou mayest be feared The contrite and broken hearted sinner doth no sooner believe his sins to be pardonable through the rich mercy of God in Christ but he fears to offend God in the least thing he knowes to be sin and therefore tell such a party that unbelief is a sin and that he offends by doubting of Gods mercy in Christ Oh how doth he bewail his unbelief and earnestly strive after faith 6. And lastly Although the true Believer may sometimes doubt whether he hath faith or no yet he would not part with that faith of his which he so questions upon any termes for any thing and upon deliberation he would not change Estates with any Natural man no not with the best Civillist neither would he be in the same estate he was sometimes for all the world Thus much for the second Use wherein we have examined the justifying Faith Vse 2. To exhort every man and woman to labour for this Faith seeing without it we cannot partake of Christ and
our souls resting upon him for pardon and justification and not onely hold forth our faith to the promise of pardon and forgiveness in and through Christ but extend it unto all the precious promises made of God in Christ Jesus unto Believers as we may have occasion whether they concern this life or the life to come be they general or particular absolute or conditional express or implicite This should be the wisdome of the Believer as to acquaint himself with the whole word of God and to be affected with it alwayes as it applyes it self unto him for this faith doth not onely extend it self to the promises but to the whole word of God as the Precepts Threatnings c. so especially to acquaint himself with the precious promises dispersed here and there in the Sacred Scriptures Then 2. To have them in memory by frequent mediation 3. Often to urge them upon God in Prayer And 4. Ever to rest upon them as he hath occasion This is to live by our faith and this is that which is ever injoyned us in holy writ to wit the act and exercise of our faith the habit of faith being the Covenant on Gods part and the act and exercise of faith the Covenant on our part not but that men and women must use all holy means for the habit and not that the habit can act without the effectual concurrence of Gods Spirit exciting and co-working Now touching this life of faith we will not think much for your better proceeding therein to give instance in some particular cases 1. As first Art thou at any time oppressed with the weight and burden of thy sins call to mind the promises of pardon and forgiveness made unto such a soul as Isaiah 1.18 Come now and let us reason together saith the Lord though your sins be as Scarlet they shall be as white as Snow though they be red like Crimson they shall be as Wool And the 55 of the same Prophesie verse 7. Let the wicked forsake his way and the unrighteous man his thoughts and let him return unto the Lord and he will have mercy upon him and to our God for he will abundantly pardon And so Mat. 11.28 Come unto me all ye that labour and are heavy laden and I will give you rest In the case aforesaid such promises as these must be reviewed meditated on urged upon God in Prayer and then rested on 2. The second instance Dost thou at any time find corruption strong and grace weak in thee call to mind the promises of Sanctification or of help these wayes as Matth. 1.21 Thou shalt call his name Jesus for he shall save his people from their sins that is not onely from the guilt but likewise from the power of sin And Rom. 6.14 Sin shall not have dominion over you And so Jer. 31.33 This shall be the Covenant that I will make with the house of Israel After those dayes saith the Lord I will put my Law in their inward parts and write it in their hearts And Isaiah 44.2 I will pour water upon him that is thirsty and floods upon the dry ground I will pour my Spirit upon thy Seed and my blessing upon thy Off-spring And so Ezek. 36.27 I will put my Spirit within you and cause you to walk in my Statutes and ye shall keep my judgements and do them These and such like Promises thou must review meditate on urge upon God in Prayer and rest on them 3. The third instance Dost thou doubt thy perseverance and holding out to the end see John 4.14 Whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst that is shall never after be altogether destitute of grace but the water that I shall give him shall be in him a Well of water springing up into everlasting life And the fifth Chapter of the same Gospel verse 24. Verily verily I say unto you He that believeth my word and believeth on him that sent me hath everlasting life and shall not come into condemnation but is passed from death unto life And so the tenth Chapter verses 27 28 29. My sheep hear my voyce and I know them and they follow me and I give unto them eternal life and they shall never perish neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand My Father which gave them me is greater then all and no man is able to pluck them out of my Fathers hand These Promises and such like in the case aforesaid must be called to mind meditated on urged upon God in Prayer so rested on 4. The fourth instance Dost thou at any time fear the supply of Temporal things see Psal 34.10 The yong Lions do lack and suffer hunger but they that seek the Lord shall not want any good thing And Ps 84.11 He will give grace and glory and no good thing wil he withhold from them that walk uprightly And so Mat. 6.33 Seek ye first the Kingdom of God and his righteousness and all these things shall be added unto you And Heb. 13.5 Let your conversation be without covetousness and be content with such things as ye have for he hath said I will never leave thee nor forsake thee These Promises and the like in the case aforesaid must be thought of urged upon God in Prayer and rested on The last instance I lay forth at this time The times being evil Dost thou fear greater afflictions to befal thee then thou shalt be enabled patiently to bear see Psal 91.10 There shall no evil befal thee And Rom. 8.28 We know that all things even afflictions themselves work together for good unto them that love God These places promise that no affliction hurtful shall befal thee nay that no affliction shall befal thee but for thy good And see further Psalm 34.19 Many are the afflictions of the righteous but the Lord delivereth them out of them all This place and such places as this promise unto thee a good issue unto thy afflictions nay to answer thy fear See Isaiah 43.2 When thou passest through the waters I will be with thee to wit supporting and sustaining thee And 1 Corinthians 10.13 God is faithful who will not suffer you to be tempted above that you are able These Promises and such like in the case aforesaid must be reviewed meditated on urged upon God in Prayer and then rested on And so in all other cases as thou mayest have occasion thou shalt find promises in holy Writ to fit thee acquaint thy self with them meditate on them urge them upon God in Prayer rest on them serve Gods Providence in the use of all lawful means sutable and often consider of Gods Attributes the props of faith as his Wisdome Power Mercy and Truth and this is to make use of faith to live by our faith And so farre touching the third Member of the fourth Principle Now we come to the fourth Memmer thereof MEMBER IV. Is justified before God IN which Member and the
reclaim wanderers and to establish waverers in the truth then by recalling them unto the serious consideration of the first grounds of Religion for by this means people would find sure footing for their faith and also grow able to defend fundamentals against gain-sayers when others are like Vessels without Ballast which float hither and thither according to the different motion of every wind and wave which doth assault them Many godly persons who reaped soul-fruit from this seed when first sown by these Sermons when first preached bave importuned the Printing of them according to the Authors own intention for their own further benefit and for the edification of many others The Sermons do breath the holiness and plainness of the Preachers spirit who was very laborious and prosperous in the work of his Ministry And although they be not so Notional and Rhetorical as many may desire yet they are substantially profitable and fitted to the capacity of such who most need them The Candle yeeldeth not the more light because it is painted neither doth the Sword any better service because gilded or put into a velvet Scabbard As curious sights do not fill empty bellies so neither doth gawdy language feed hungry souls Reverend Master Greenham was bold to call the Ministry Glassy Bright and Brittle foreseeing that vanity growing up in the Church in his dayes wherein ingenuity and affectation of words was preferred before solidity of savory matter Although it is by all men acknowledged that apt and pregnant expresssions have their profit and that the eloquence of Apollo's is not to be disregarded yet Phrases are onely the husks and shels but Truths are the Kernels wherein the soul findeth sweetness and strength Not the fair leaves but the fruits upon Trees are the food and the Prophet Jeremiah telleth us that Pastors according to Gods heart shall feed with knowledge and understanding Jer. 3.15 And because the Lord hath in his Family the Church both babes and well grown Children therefore in great wisdom he is pleased to provide both milk and stronger meats Heb. 5.12 13 14. Some means of spiritual nourishment wholesomly though not curiously cooked God hath here vouchsafed unto them whose hearts are disposed to be exercised in the Principles of the Doctrine of Christ Good Reader In the consciencious use hereof I heartily commend thee to the guidance and blessing of the Almighty that thou mayest be better rooted and further edified in the truths of the holy Scriptures through Jesus Christ in whom I am Aug. 29th 1653. Thy Friend and Servant SIMEON ASHâ— The Foundation of Christian Religion gathered into Six Principles EXPLAINED The first PRINCIPLE Quest What dost thou believe concerning God Answ There is one God Creator and Governor of all things distinguished into the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost THat there is a God There be three Books wherein we may read this great Truth 1. The Book of the Scriptures 2. The Book of the Creatures 3. The Book of Nature First the Book of the Scriptures as oft as God is mentioned in holy Writ so oft upon the matter it is affirmed that there is a God Now this is a great demonstration the Scriptures affirming a thing to be so But come we to the second Book the Book of the Creatures see what the Apostle saith of it Rom. 1.20 For the invisible things of him from the Creation of the world are clearly seen being understood by the things that are made even his eternal power and Godhead so that they are without excuse The meaning of the Apostle is That there is a God as is plain by the very Book of the Creatures and not a few Arguments in this kind may be deduced hence Argum. 1. As first From the Original of the Creatures or world They either had a beginning or not a beginning If we say Not a beginning then we make the world God all the Creatures from the least to the greatest God For to have their being from themselves without beginning is nothing else but to be God what hath a being of it self without beginning is God But to affirm the world to be God or the several Creatures therein to be God were not this absurd and brutish If we say They had a beginning the world and Creatures as is very evident who then was their beginner and Maker but God Why then there is a God Arg. 2. The Creatures being many are all referred to their several and peculiar ends and so they all work and are imployed Now hence it is plain and evident that there is one above them all who did aim at these ends in them that did create them to these ends and who is this but God why then there is a God Arg. 3. The comely order and beauty which may be observed in the worlds great variety evidence There is a God Arg. 4. Man himself confidered from the rest of the Creatures who may be termed the Epitome of the world or Microcosmos the little world Mans body reviewed is it not a wonderous and curious piece of work as Psal 139.14 15. But his soul especially that immaterial immortal invisible substance with the faculties of it and the great acts of those faculties Do not all these conclude a wise and infinite Creator and so a God The third Book wherein this great truth may be read is the Book of Nature Of this the Apostle speaketh Rom. 1.19 Because that which may be known of God is manifest in them that is to say Is writ in the hearts of the old Gentiles and so in the hearts of all men not all that may be known of God but so much that there is a God because God hath shewed it unto them that is hath writ it in their hearts by a general work of his Spirit and so that place may be understood Joh. 1.9 That was the true light which lighteth every man that cometh into the world to wit with the light of nature in a great measure or in a less and this we call the Book of Nature Among those common notions imprinted in mans heart since Adams fall this is a principal one That there is a God Such sparks and notions as this are usually called the Light the Law or Book of Nature not that mans nature is the Author of them but God as before we have heard Yet so called First Because they are imprinted in mans nature Secondly Because they are as common as mans nature and hence it is that all Nations do acknowledge a God Suppose the most of them pitch upon a false god or seek the true God in a false way why yet this general acknowledgment from the light of nature is a mighty Argument that there is a God And although haply some particular persons have been found to deny this Principle yet those persons committing hainous and horrible Crimes but kept secret from man their consciences afterwards have accused and terrified them now their hainous Crimes being
1. In respect of Gods glory that so he may be discerned and distinguished from all false gods and Idols 2. In regard of our selves and that two wayes 1. Without this knowledge there is no salvation John 17.3 This is life Eternal that they might know thee the onely true God and Jesus Christ whom thou hast sent That we may be saved we must know and believe God the Father to be our Father God the Son to be our Redeemer and God the Holy Ghost to be our Sanctifier and Comforter Answ 2 In regard of our selves This Doctrine directs us in worshiping the true God aright for Unity in Trinity and Trinity in Unity is to be worshiped If we worship the Father without the Son and the Holy Ghost or if we worship the Son without the Father and the Holy Ghost or the Holy Ghost without the Father and the Sonne we worship nothing but an Idol Again If we worship the three persons not as one God but as three Gods then we make three Idols Now we come to the Uses of the point Vse 1. To reprove two sorts of people 1. Such as labour to fathom this Mysterie by Humane Reason it being a Mysterie propounded to our faith to believe not to our reason to dispute and thus many have erred and do erre in this Doctrine of so great consequence 2. To reprove such as do not labour with all diligence to understand this Mysterie as the Scripture reveals it Such as are altogether ignorant of this Mysterie what can their faith be what can their worship be what can their comfort be what can their lives be how can they upon good grounds expect salvation Although in this search and scrutiny we must be wise to sobriety yet to be altogether ignorant of this way is dangerous and damnable How can we be truly Pious if we do not think aright of God If in some measure we do not know the true God one in Essence three in Persons Vse 2. To inform us in regard of Divine worship We must worship the Unity in Trinity and Trinity in Unity without confounding the persons or dividing the Essence When I think of one saith a Father a three-fold light doth dazle me and when I discern three I am presently brought back to one It is true we may invocate to any of the three persons as Steven Acts 7.50 Lord Jesus receive my Spirit but in the ordinary Course pray we to the Father in the Name of the Son by the assistance of the Holy Ghost John 16.22 Whatsoever ye shall ask the Father in my Name he will give it you saith our Saviour And the Apostle Paul tels us Rom. 8.26 That the Spirit the Holy Ghost helps our infirmities in Prayer Vse 3. To exhort every one of us if we would more and more conceive of this Mysterie 1. To be much exercised in the Scriptures they being the onely Instrument to reveal it John 1.18 No man hath seen God at any time the onely begotten Son which is in tho bosome of the Father he hath declared him to wit in the Scriptures 2. Often to renew our Repentance the Lord reveals himself especially to such Psal 25.9 The meek will he guide in judgement and the meek will he teach his way And so v. 14. The secret of the Lord is with them that fear him and he will shew them his Covenant 3. To be earnest with the Lord this way in Prayer and Supplication thus Moses Exodus 33.13 I pray thee if I have found grace in thy sight shew me now thy way that I may know thee And verse 18. I beseech thee shew me thy glory If we would have knowledge of this way our Saviour intimates from whom we must have it when Peter made that excellent confession of him Matth. 16.16 Thou art Christ the Sonne of the living God verse 17. replies our Saviour Flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee but my Father which is in Heaven And so Saint James Chapter â— verse 5. If any of you lack Wisdome let him ask of God that giveth to all liberally and upbraideth not and it shall be given him And thus far touching the first Principle and the several Members of it PRINC II. Quest What Dost thou believe concerning man and concerning thine own self Answ All men are wholly corrupted with sin through Adams fall and so are become slaves of Satan and guilty of eternal damnation MEMB I. ALL men are corrupted with sin All men and women are sinners by nature for so we are to understand the Catechisme which after the description of God we endeavor and assay to delineate and lay forth the natural man Now that all men and women are corrupted with sin are sinners by nature Rom. 3.10 There is none righteous no not one to wit by nature meer man and meer woman And so in v. 23. All have sinned And Gal. 3 22. The Scripture hath concluded all under sin as wel Jewes as Gentiles to be sinners by nature The Reasons of the Point Reas 1. The great disagreement and variance that is betwixt the natural man and the holy Law of God As the Law of God is ever discovering the natural mans misery beating him buffeting him and condemning him so the natural man cannot away with the Law of God opened and applyed nor with the Minister that doth the same but exclaims upon him as a severe censorious and uncharitable man Now this disagreement and variance betwixt the natural man and the Law of God doth plainly declare every natural man to be a sinner Reas 2. Observe the Natural man and of all Doctrines he cannot away with the Doctrine of the last judgement and this plainly manifests his guiltiness If Felix was not a sinner why did he tremble at this Doctrine Acts 24.25 Reas 3. The continual combate that is ever in the regenerate 'twixt the flesh Spirit Before we come to the Applic. of the point we will 1. Let you see briefly what sin is 2. How many wayes the natural man is a sinner 1. What sin is Ans The Apostle Joh. tels us 1 Joh. 3.4 Sin is the transgression of the Law It is any inconformity or repugnancy in the reasonable creature unto Gods revealed Will. The 2d question is How many wayes a natural man is a sinner Answ Four wayes 1. By Participation We were all in Adam's loynes when he sinned as Levi was in Abraham's loynes when Abraham paid Tithes to Melchizedek and so Levi that afterwards took Tithes paid Tith in Abraham as it is Heb. 7.9 2. By Imputation The guilt of Adam's fall is imputed unto all his Posterity as the convicted Traitor by mans law is not onely guilty of Treason himself but his whole Posterity and so the Apostle Rom. 5.18 By the offence of one to wit Adam judgement or guilt came upon all men to condemnation 3. By Natural corruption There being in every natural man not onely an absolute want of true holiness
is his delight It is true they have sin in them but sin hath not dominion over them It is true they are sinners but they are also Saints even in this world Psal 16.2 3. My goodness extends not to thee but to the Saints which are on the earth It is true any temporal judgment may befal them in this world but this is as true that nothing shall befal them but what shall work for their good therefore in a humble and thankful wonderment let them acknowledg the great things the Lord hath done for them as the Church coming out of captivity Psal 126.3 The Lord hath done great things for us whereof we are glad and the Psalmist Psal 126.12 What shall I render unto the Lord for all his benefits towards me MEMBER II. Wholly corrupted with sin Doct. ALl men and women considered in the state of nature are wholly corrupted with sin For so we are to understand the Catechism to wit according unto this exposition Now the assertion is true in two respects 1. In regard of their natures 2. In regard of their lives Their natures are wholly corrupted with Original sin their lives with actual transgression 1 That the natures of the unregenerate are wholly corrupted with Original sin we will let you see what Original sin is and then prove the thing affirmed What Original sin is Original sin is so called first because it was from the beginning I mean as soon as ever the fall of Adam was Secondly Because it is one of the first things which is with the child in the Conception Thirdly Because it is the beginning of all actual sin Now Original sin is sometimes taken Largely sometimes Strictly When it is taken Largely it signifies the fall of Adam the guilt following and withal the corruption of nature When it is taken Strictly it signifies that corruption which taints and defiles the whole man every faculty of soul and member of body More plainly Original sin taken strictly contains 1 A want of all holy disposition in every faculty of soul and member of body 2. In stead and room thereof a corrupt disposition in every faculty of soul and member of body And thus now seeing what Original sin is we come to prove that the natures of the unregenerate are wholly corrupted with it To this purpose 1. Take notice of some general phrases which the Spirit of God useth touching Original sin as the natural man is tainted with it and defiled As sometimes it is called the Old man as Rom. 6.6 Colos 3.9 Sometimes it is called the Flesh Rom. 7.5 18. and so ver 25. Sometimes it is called the members as Colos 3.5 Sometimes it is called the Law of the members Rom. 7.23 Sometimes the Body of sin Rom. 6.6 and 7.24 And what do all these generall phrases imply and import but that the natures of the unregenerate are wholly corrupted with originall sin But in the second place that you may be the more throughly convinced in the point we wil anatomize and take man in peeces and let you see what the spirit of God saith of every severall part and peece to wit how that in every faculty of soul and member of body there is not only want of all holy disposition but likewise a corrupt and depraved disposition Now as concerning the soul we consider these faculties 1. The Mind 2. The Memory 3. The Conscience 4. The Will 5. The Affections 1. For the Mind that it is not only empty of all holy knowledg but depraved with a corrupt disposition Gen. 8.21 The imagination of mans heart that is to say of the natural mans mind is evil from his youth from that very time he begins first to conceive And the Apostle Paul doth not only affirm 1 Cor. 2 14. That the natural man cannot know the things of the Spirit of God But Titus 1.15 he saith the unbeleeving the naturall mind is de filed nay Rom. 8.7 That the carnall the natural mind is enmity against God and exhorting the Ephesians Ephes 4.23 Be renewed in the spirit of your mind intimates that that which is most inward in the naturall mind which is as it were the mind of the mind is corrupted 2. For the memory that it is not only deprived of all holy abilities but depraved with a corrupt disposition Gen 40.23 yet did not the chief Butler remember Joseph but forgate him Deut. 8.11 Beware that thou forget not the Lord thy God which naturally as though Moses should say thou art prone unto The chief Preists and Pharisees said to Pilate Matth. 27.63 Sir we remember that that deceiver meaning Christ said whilst he was yet alive after three daies I will rise again They could remember what our Saviour had said whilst he was yet alive in that kind to their own corrupt ends the naturall memory is a corrupt memory 3. The natural conscience is not only destitute of holy testimonies but is likewise corrupted and defiled Titus 1 15. But even their mind and conscience is defiled the Apostle speaking of unbeleevers and those in the estate of nature 4. The naturall will is not only deprived of all freedome to good but likewise depraved with a corrupt disposition 1 Cor. 2.14 The natural man receiveth not the things that are of the Spirit of God Phil. 2.13 It is God that worketh in you to wit by his Sanctifying grace both to will and to do of his good pleasure nay Jer. 18.12 say the Jews we will walk after our own devices and we will every one do the imagination of his evill heart The naturall will is a corrupt will 5. The affections are not only deprived of all holy motion but exceeding corrupt and disordered Gal. 5.24 They that are Christs have crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts as though the affections naturally were corrupt and disordered and so the same Apostle terms them Rom. 7.5 The affections of sin or sinful affections and this the Apostle makes very evident in describing naturall men and women he stiles them haters of God Rom. 1.30 And thus we see by holy writ that every facultie of the unregenerate persons soul is corrupted and depraved with originall sin Now come we briefly to the members of his body and we shall observe them to be corrupted with originall sin First The eye 2 Pet. 2.14 Having eyes full of adultery the naturall eye is a filthy and an unclean eye Secondly The ear 2 Tim. 4.3 Having itching ears the naturall eare is an itching ear Thirdly The tongue Jam. 3.6 The tongue is a sire a world of iniquity The natural tongue is a corrupt tongue 4. The hand Isai 1.15 Your hands are full of bloud The natural hand is a cruel hand 5. The feet The Apostle describing men and women in the estate of nature Rom. 3.15 Their feet are swift to shed bloud saith he The natural feet are swift to mischief Those outward senses and members are not only deprived of all holy inclination
Christ is received and partaked of for that flows from the Principle of grace and so works more freely and absolutely But in this the soul is onely a Patient this is a saving work but not a sanctifying work but yet alwayes sanctification followes upon the same Now we come to the second question Quest 2. Whether every man and woman that hath this Contrite and Humble spirit shall certainly be made partakers of Christ and his benefits Answ Yes because this is the lost soul which Christ came to seek and to save for of this soul we must understand our Saviour when he saith Luke 19.20 The Son of man is come to seek and to save that which was lost And this is the bruised reed which in no case he will break Matth. 12.20 And do but see Psal 51.17 A broken and a contrite heart O God thou wilt not despise not the broken and contrite heart aforesaid And Isaiah 57.15 Thus saith the high and lofty One that inhabiteth eternity whose Name is HOLY I dwell in the high and holy place with him also that is of a contrite and humble spirit to revive the spirit of the humble and to revive the heart of the contrite ones And so Matth. 5.3.4 Our Saviour saith Blessed are the poor in spirit for theirs is the Kingdome of heaven And Blessed are they that mourn for they shall be comforted It is the contrite and humble ones which our Saviour here intends Thus we see distinctly and plainly that every man and woman that hath the contrite and humble spirit aforesaid shall certainly be made partakers of Christ and his benefits Quest 3. Whether this contrition and humiliation be wrought in the like measure in all that are made partakers of Christ and his benefits Answ No and for the Causes and Reasons following 1. Some have committed more gross and heinous sins then others and therefore have cause and need to be more terrified and humbled then others 2. The Lord intends to bestow a greater measure of grace upon some then upon others to do greater works by them then by others and therefore prepares them accordingly by contrition and humiliation 3. Some have been Religiously educated from their Child-hood whereby as they were kept from gross sins so corruption was subdued in them gently and secretly by little and little without any great measure of contrition and humiliation grace and comfort being instilled into them almost insensibly 4. Some by natural constitution and temper of body are more fearful and sensible of anguish then others 5. Some after the Wound have the Medicine sooner revealed and applyed to them then others Now we proceed to the Uses Vse 1. To acquaint us that there is but a few comparatively that partake of Christ and his benefits and this will be evident if so be we weigh the particulars which the contrition and humiliation aforesaid contains As first a true and distinct sight of sin many see their sins in a general slight and confused way but where is the man that sees sin to be the greatest evil even separating from the greatest good to wit God himself Isaiah 59.2 nay that so far as he gives way unto it so far he joynes with the Divel and fights against God that sees into the vile and loathsom nature of sin And where is the man that sees himself to be guilty of Adams fall himself to be stained and polluted universally with natural corruption himself to be guilty of such and such actual sins sins of Omission and sins of Commission that turns his sins upside down considers them in the circumstances of them Psal 119.59 2. The second particular the contrition and humiliation aforesaid contains is unfained and sound sorrow for sin Psal 94.16 17. Alas the most sin is their meat and their drink their very delight they storm and grieve because they cannot sin as they would are sorry and angry they have such a Minister as will reprove them for their sins that they may not go on in sin without any controul or if they have any sorrow in them at any time it is onely because of the punishment that attends sin Many that mourn for this and that outward cross and calamity present and imminent but do not at al mourn for sin the cause of it but a few whose hearts are rightly pricked for their sins Acts 2.37 And so for the other particulars Where is the man that finds sin a load and burden upon his conscience that doth humbly and heartily confess his sins that importunately cryes to heaven for mercy and that truly dislikes sin even to a sinful thought The particulars aforesaid being perpended it will appear that there is but a few that have contrite and humble spirits and so consequently but a few that partake of Christ and his benefits Vse 2. For the comfort and consolation of all such as have contrite and humble spirits they all they shall partake of Christ and his benefits such all such are they whom Christ came to seek and to save Psal 51.17 The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit a broken and a contrite heart O God thou wilt not despise Isa 57.15 And Matth. 11.28 Come unto me saith Christ all ye that labour and are heavy laden and I will give you rest The Lord doth not deal with the burdened conscience as Satan and his Instruments Satan Revel 12.4 when the woman was ready to be delivered of her Child was ready to devour her Child and so are his Instruments Now we hope say they you have followed Preachers gone to Sermons long enough no no Psal 147.3 He healeth the broken in heart and bindeth up their wounds to wit the Lord Isaiah 61.1 And to this purpose it is a wondrous thing to observe how the Lord sustains and bears up the wounded soul by a secret hope of mercy as we may see in the King of Niniveh Jonah 3.9 9. Who can tell if God will turn and repent and turn away from his fierce anger that we perish not But for this hope the bruised heart would break and but for this hope the means of recovery and raising up would not be endeavored This hope keeps from despair and provokes to the use of holy means It is true saith the wounded soul I am in a miserable case but if there be any hope I will cry to heaven for mercy I will depend upon the Ministry of the word constantly I will creep into the company of those that make profession of Religion in a special manner who can tell but that the Lord may shew mercy to my poor soul May some man say this is very comfortable that every contrite and humble spirit shall certainly pertake of Christ and his benefits But how may I know that my heart is truly contrite and humble Signes 1. If thou judgest sin to be the greatest evil and the favour of God to be the greatest good 2. If thou hadst rather hear of mercy to thy
life is a continual conflict The flesh lusting against the Spirit and the Spirit against the flesh Calat 5.17 They aime at perfection but have daily need to renew their Repentance Wee now come to the Uses Vse 1. To confute the opinion of divers men and women who will say they are justifyed and believe in Christ and yet they do not at all demonstrate the same by their Sanctification examine their lives and it is not the way of holiness they prosecute but the way of sin and disobedience In their way and course they do not turn to God but from him as the Lord complains of the obstinate Jewes Jerem. 32.33 They have turned unto me the back and not the face though I taught them rising up early and teaching them yet they have not hearkned to receive instruction It is swearing prophaning of the Sabbath uncleanness Drunkenness oppression defrauding they delight in and not the wayes of Gods Testimonies Nay divers are so far from holiness as that they cannot away with those that make a shew that way of all people they cannot brook the forward in Religion but oppose and persecute them all the wayes they can Yea how earnest against the Holy and Zealous even divers that are of civil conversation to give us light that there is a great difference betwixt common grace and sanctifying Well let the prophane person and also the meer Civilist know that he shall dye in his sin that dyeth not unto his sin and that so many as are unsanctified are unjustifyed According to that saying of our Saviour unto Peter John 13.8 If I wash thee not thou hast no part with me Vse 2. For the great comfort and conso lation of all such as truly desire to fear God this being a truth that Justification and Sanctification are inseparable The case being so with the Godly in this world as that their Sanctification is imperfect the flesh ever lusting against the Spirit and sin ever present with them when they would do good Had they no other ground to fasten their Anchor of Hope upon but their Sanctification it could not hold them fast enough against the tempests of Satans temptations but seeing that Sanctification although imperfect is an evidence of another Righteousnesse which is perfect to wit Justification this may bear them up and support them The Apostle Paul finding his Sanctification to be imperfect the flesh to rebel against the spirit hee cryes out Rom. 7.24 Oh wretched man that I am who shall deliver me from the body of this death But considering of his Justification he comforts himself and ver 25. breaks forth into the praises of God I thank God through Jesus Christ our Lord Now then to make sure we are Sanctifyed persons and therefore Justifyed persons that we be not deceived in so weighty a matter it shall not be amiss to lay down some Marks and Signs of Sanctification But because Civility and Formality do not a little resemble Sanctity it may not be unfit in the first place to distinguish them by some notes of Difference and then afterwards to lay down the distinct Signes of Sanctification 1. The Formalist in the ordinary course cares more for the pleasing of man then for the pleasing of God is more for the praise of men then of God The Scribes and Pharisees were notable Formalists and see what our Saviour saith unto them and of them Vnto them Luke 16.15 Yee are they which Justifye your selves before men Of them Mat. 23.5 All their works they do to be seen of men Such also was Saul 2 Sam. 15.13 30. and Jehu see 2 Kin. 10.16 But such as are truly Sanctified are in their ordinary course more for the praise and pleasing of God then of men more for Gods approbation then mans Psal 44.20 21. If we have forgotten the name of our God say the people of God or stretched out our hands unto a strange God shall not God search this out for he knoweth the secrets of the heart And the Apostle Paul 2 Cor. 2.17 We are not as many that corrupt the word of God but as of sincerity but as of God in the sight of God speake we in Christ And 1 Thessal 2.4 As we were allowed of God to be put in trust with the Gospel even so wee speak not as pleasing men but God which trieth our hearts 2. The formalist is only for an outward righteousness little regarding inward As we may see again in the Scribes and Pharisees Matth. 23.25.27 28. Wee unto you Scribes and Pharisees Hypocrites for ye make clean the â—uâ—side of the cup and of the platter but within they are full of extortion and excess Wo unto you Scribes and Pharisees Hypocrites for ye are like unto whited sepulchres which indeed appear beautifull outwardly but are within full of dead mens bones and of all uncleannesse Even so ye also outwardly appear righteous unto men but within ye are full of hypocrisie and iniquity But such as are truely sanctified do as well labour for pure hearts as clean hands grieve for evil thoughts and desires as well as for evil words and actions I do not say so much see Psal 51.10 Create in me a clean heart O God renew a right spirit within me And Psal 142.4 Incline not my heart to any evil thing and the place forecited Rom. 7.24 how the Apostle be wailes his original corruption O wretched man that I am Who shall deliver me from the body of this death 3 The formalist will seem to make conscience of greater sins as Murder Perjurie Adultery and the like but for lesser sins he makes no bones of them as wanton talking rash anger over-reaching a neighbour a shilling or two now and then in a bargain swearing by faith or troth in his usual talk and the like But the Sanctified person makes conscience of every thing he knowes to be sin from the greatest to the least 1 Sam. 24.5 Davids heart smote him because he had cut off the skirt of Sauls garment It was no great matter and yet his conscience smote him for it The truly godly person takes notice of what our Saviour saith Luke 16.10 He that is unjust in the least is unjust also in much that is he that favours himself in the least known injustice wil upon occasion commit the greatest injustice And likewise the person aforesaid regards what the Apostle James saith Chap. 1. ver 27. Pure Religion and undefiled before God and the Father is this to visit the fatherlesse and widows in their affliction and keep himself unspotted of the world The true religion much fears the least spot of sin although every day he shew weaknesse and infirmitie and so have cause to renew that suite Mat. 6.12 Forgive us our trespasses why yet he subscribes to Solomon Eccles 10.1 Dead flies cause the ointment of the Apothecary to send forth a stinking savour So doth a little folly him that is in reputation for wisdome and honour And he
it by a constant dependance upon the ministry of the Word that so in time in due time they may safely and comfortably approach to the Lords Table Alas otherwise they will be so far from receiving good by this ordinance as they will eat and drink damnation to themselves The truth of it is this ordinance is not to be carelesly neglected by any of competent years and wit for you must not think the Sacrament to be a feast for children fools or the distracted and mad I say it must not be carelesly neglected Numb 9.13 by any of competent years and wit And yet notwithstanding none must approach unto it but such as are qualified with the grace of saving faith for if they do they partake unworthily in a high degree and so become guilty of the body and blood of Christ that is upon the matter joyn with Judas and the Jewes in the death of Christ approve of that horrible fact of theirs and so eat and drink damnation to themselves And it will not serve the turn for those destitute of the grace of faith to say they have received and often received heretofore they having the more to repent of and mourne for The second branch of this Use of ex hortation To exhort all true beleevers and that divers waies 1. That they would often present themselves at the Lords Table as often as possibly they can no just impediment lying in the way especially living in places where this ordinance is often celebrated Do but see 1 Cor. 11.26 Pauls 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 here implies 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as often as ye do it therefore do it often it being such a means not only to shew the Lords death one to another but likewise to shew it to our own faith for the encrease and strengthening of it and encrease and help on this grace and we encrease and help on all the other graces and come on in grace and corruption decaies 2. To exhort all true believers in coming to the Lords Table that they earnestly endeavour to come preparedly that so they may receive worthily that is to say acceptably to God and then no question it will prove a profitable receiving to their own souls Many true beleevers receive unworthily in some degree and fail much of the good they might receive by this ordinance for want of due preparation they are too slight in examination and for extraordinary praier to be performed sometime before the day of their receiving they are too backwward unto and too carelesse in 3. To exhort them in the act of receiving that they labour to discern the Lords body that is put a difference and distinguish betwixt the outward elements and common bread and wine although not in their substance why yet in their use and so seriously intend the whole businesse stirring up their inward affections by a serious employing of their outward senses that so Christ and his benefits may be received and welcomed into the armes of their enlarged and extended faith Many believers in the act of receiving fail much in spirituall consideration and so their affections are little moved and inflamed If 1. When the Minister sets apart the Elements thou wouldst consider that even so God the Father from all eternity did set apart Christ to be the Redeemer of mankind 2. When he consecrates the Elements by the Word and Prayer thou wouldst consider that even so in the fulness of time God sent his Son into the world to accomplish this work of Redemption 3. When thou seest the Minister to break the Bread and powr out the Wine thou wouldst meditate upon the accursed death of Christ and shedding of his bloud for all true Believers 4. When the Minister comes and gives the Bread and Wine unto thee if thou wouldst consider that even so God the Father reaches and gives his Son and all his merits unto thy faith 5. When thou takest and receivest the Elements at the Ministers hands thou wouldst stir up thy self to apprehend and receive Christ and his benefits by the hand of faith And then sixthly and lastly In eating and drinking the Elements thou wouldst earnestly endeavour more and more nearly to apply Christ and to feel thy Spiritual union with him Such consideration in the act of receiving would be the way not only to receive the Sign but at one and the same time the thing signified 4 To exhort all true Believers after they have received 1. To labour to keep up their faith assuring themselves the Lord is no deceiver but will be sure to make good his Covenant with them 2. As we have already heard sometime that day in secret take a review of thy receiving and after it proceed as thou hast been directed 3. Remember to make good thy Vows and to demonstrate both to thy self and others that thou hast got Spiritual strength by this Feast of growth thou walking more conscionably and comfortably in both Callings It s said of the fainting Egyptian 1 Sam. 30.11 12. when he had eaten and drunk that his spirit came again to him So if thou eat and drink in faith thy Spiritual life will be revived and thy strength increased And thus we have done with the second Member of the fifth Principle Now we come to the third and last Member MEMBER III. And Prayer THis Member acquaints us with another good outward meanes whereby faith is encreased to wit Prayer And hence we commend this Point of Doctrine unto you Doctr. Prayer is one good meanes for the encrease of faith See Luke 22.32 I have prayed for thee that thy faith fail not So the father of the possessed child thought Mark 9.24 And the Apostles Luke 17.5 and Jude 20. Praying in the Holy Ghost that is by the help and assistance of the Holy Ghost this being an excellent meanes to confirm and bring on faith Reason 1. This is a good means to encrease any grace of Gods Spirit in us and therefore a good means to encrease our faith That it is a good means to encrease any grace of God Spirit in us see Luke 11.13 How much more shall your heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to them that ask it that is the Holy Spirit in a greater measure Reas 2. Hereby faith is exercised to wit by faithful Prayer and the more faith is exercised the more it growes and encreases Ephes 6.16 18. Psal 6.8 9. see we the former part of the same Psalm and we shall observe Davids faith to get up in Prayer So Psalm 62.2 6. R. 3 The Rule of Contraries This duty omitted and neglected faith goes out of exercise slackens and decayes Now we come to the Uses Vse 1 For Tryal and Examination 1 Do we use Prayer if we pray seldom or never let us not wonder if we be poor in the grace of faith Prayer being the key that opens all Gods Treasures Such as are strangers to Prayer cannot be throughly acquainted with faith 2. But do
we use to pray then in Prayer are we earnest after faith for an encrease of this grace Many in prayer are more for temporal things then Spiritual but this is to pray in a carnal manner And divers in prayer that beg spiritual Blessings and yet sue for them but in a carnal way not seeing any beauty and excellency in them neither finding any taste or rellish in them but only because they are convinced they cannot be saved without them So then the Question is Whether in Prayer we be more earnest for faith and the other Graces of Gods Spirit then for Temporal Blessings And then in suing for spiritual Blessings whether the beauty we see in them and rellish we find in them do much induce and move us to be earnest at the Throne of Grace for them 3. Do we use Prayer and in prayer are we earnest for faith in the manner aforesaid observe we then the fruit of our praying Psal 85.8 He will speak peace to his Saints to wit by stirring up and encreasing their faith Surely suing for faith as aforesaid we shall upon examination find an encrease of it And this is the great wheel in the Clock come on in this grace and come on in every sanctifying and saving grace Vse 2. For Inquisition Seeing Prayer is one good means to encrease faith to enquire into the Doctrine of Prayer As first What Prayer is and the parts of it 2. The necessity of prayer and the Motives to it 3. The Objections against Prayer and the Answers of them 4. The Qualifications of true and acceptable prayer First What prayer is and the parts of it Answ We are not now speaking of the requests and suits we make one to another in our civil converse here in the world which may be called civil prayer But of Religious Praier which we thus describe It is an opening of the desire of the heart or a pouring out of the foul to the Lord. 1. I say It is an opening of the desire of the heart or a pouring out of the soul See Psal 62.8 1 Sam. 1.15 2. I say It is a pouring out of the soul to the Lord he only being the object of religious praier it is he and he only that sees and knows the heart he and he only which is present in all places to hear the praiers of all his people he and he only which is Almighty to help Now the Parts of praier In Scripture we find divers divisions of prayer but in 1 Tim. 2.1 we have the parts of praier punctually laid down 1. Supplication 2. Precation or petition 3. Intercession 4. Thanksgiving By supplication we understand humble suit to the Lord for his favour and pardon of sin and in this part of praier we have the confession of sin implied By precation or petition the second part of praier we understand a begging of all other things needful for soul and body By Intercession the third part of praier we do not understand an entreating for others as divers interpretors doe for not only this part of praier but all the parts of praier are here injoyned to be performed as in the behalf of our selves why so in the behalf of others But we understand by it a contending with God for the prevention and removall of judgment By Thanksgiving the last part of praier we understand a rendring praise to God for his blessings and mercies Thus then we see that prayer consists of 4 parts Supplication Precation Intercession and Thanksgiving Now we come to the second thing concerning prayer to wit What necessity of it and the motives unto it I answer It is an excellent part of Gods worship Psal 95.6 where by bowing down and calling upon God is meant to worship him Hence the place of Gods worship by way of excellencie was called the house of prayer Isa 56.7 2. By the duty of prayer the Lord is much glorified for hereby all his attributes are acknowledged Trinity in Unity and Unity in Trinity confessed The puritie and holinesse of his Law subscribed unto His promises in the Gospel professed to be believed the accomplishment of them to be hoped for and expected and he blessed and praised for his mercies 3. Gods command The Lord commands us to pray Psal 105.4 1 Thes 5.17 4. The example of Christ and all the worthies mentioned in Scripture Luke 3.21 and 9.18 28 29. and 6 12. And so all Gods people mentioned in holy writ they all were adicted to prayer 5. The misery that attends those that neglect this duty Jerem. 10.25 Matth. 26.41 Ezek. 22.30 31. Dan. 9.13.14 6. This is a good means to easie our hearts This Hannah knew wel 1 Sam. 1 15. And Job Job 16.20 And so all practial Christians 7. Our continual and innumerable necessities inward and outward 8. The promise of supply and help Psal 50.15 and 91.15 Matth. 7.7 9. The dignitie of this duty hereby a mortal worm hath conference and converse with the greatest majesty 10. The power and efficacie of praier compare Gen. 32.11 and 33.4 And 2 Sam. 15.31 and 17.23 See Exod. 14.15 and 15.25 Matth. 17.21 Remember Hezekiahs and Isaiahs praier and so Esters and Mordecai's In the primitive Church Anno 175 the army of Christians was called the thundering legion because upon their praiers God scattered their enemies with thunder And the very heathen in those times could observe that the Christians were able to obtain any thing by prayer And what man or woman of religious observation in these our times but may speak of the efficacie and power of prayer Now we come to the third particular the objections against prayer Object 1 May some ignorant men and women say the Lord knows our wants before we pray and then to what purpose should we pray Answ We do not pray because the Lord knows not our wants But 1. Because it is his comand that we pray Phil. 4.6 2. That we may demonstrate our selves sensible of our wants which the Lord will have us to be Psal 34.18 3. Hereby we acknowledg the Lord to be the fountain of all good 4. This is the condition the Lord ties us unto if so be we would have him to impart his blessings unto us Prov. 2.3 5. Jer. 33.2 3. Matth. 7.7 Object 2 But the Lord in his eternall counsell hath decreed what blessings we shall have and what blessings we shall not have and his decree cannot be altered Answ All this is true but yet as the Lord hath decreed the end why so the means and in the ordinary course by the means works to the end The Lord had decreed to give the Gentiles to Christ but yet see what he saith unto him Psal 2.8 Ask of me c. And so he had decreed as he was pleased to make known the return of the Jewes out of the captivitie Yet see what he saith Ezek. 36.37 I will yet for this be enquired of by the house of Israel Nay Daniel knowing the very time
when this great deliverance should be doth not thereupon forbear prayer but is the more earnest in prayer Dan. 9.2 3. And the Prophet David although it were revealed to him that the Lord would establish his house and the kingdom upon his posterity yet doth not cease to pray in that kind but rather prayeth 2 Sam. 7.11 12 18 19 25 26 27 28 29. 2. I answer Although by prayer we cannot alter Gods decree why yet by prayer it being hearty and holy we alter our selves the heart thereby being put into a fitting frame and so we made capable of Gods blessings Object 3 But there be divers men and women that are far from the practice of true and kindly prayer who enjoy the blessings of God in great abundance Answ It is true but yet sanctifying grace which is the best blessing they do not enjoy the least measure of it sanctifying grace and kindly praier they ever go together want the one and want the other and have the one and have the other Zach. 12.10 It is but outward blessings and common graces at the most which unpraying persons do enjoy 2. These blessings which the persons aforesaid do enjoy they enjoy them rather for the good of others then for the good of themselves suppose health wealth strength wit learning Cyrus was a man of great parts and power but was it not for the good of the Church rather then for his own good Isa 45.4 3. There is a great difference betwixt the having of blessings through the providence of God and the having them from the mercy of God and his speciall love in Christ Unpraying persons have blessings only the former way and not in mercy 4. The blessings such have it were better for them to be without them they proving but snares unto them and they living to abuse them to their owne utter overthrow Object 4 But there be divers that use prayer and have prayed for this and that blessing a long time but yet come short of it Answ This may be true and for the reasons and upon the grounds following 1 It may be the parties we speak of live in some known sin or sins unrepented of and then what promise have they of audience Psal 66.18 Job 11.13.14 Or 2. It may be they ask such things as would not be good for them to enjoy and then it is no unkindnesse but love in the Lord to deny them See we how the promise runs Psal 34.10 Matth. 7.11 Or 3. It may be they ask in an evill manner in their praiers prefer temporall blessings to spirituall or if they be earnest for spirituall blessings it is not because of the excellencie and beauty of them but only because of the necessity of them because without them they cannot be saved Or it may be they ask heedlesly and irreverently do not consider of the Lords majesty and greatnesse Psal 2.11 and 5.7 Or it may be they ask coldly and faintly Jam. 5.16 and are such suitors like to speed Or it may be they go in a proud way to God as the Pharisee Luke 18.11 not with a through sense of their own unworthinesse and wants as the Publican and Prodigal Luke 18.13 and 15.21 Or else it may be they do not ask in faith that is do not lay the promises before them grounding their confidence upon them Or do not in their prayres set before them the worthinesse of their advocate and high Preist who sits at his fathers right hand to present their prayers unto him and to make them acceptable unto him Now the persons we are speaking of asking in an evil manner to wit in the manner aforesaid it is no wonder that they speed no better Jam. 4.3 Or 4. Suppose they do not live in any known sin unrepented of and that the things which they ask would be good for them in Gods time and that they pray in a right manner Suppose all these things why yet there may be divers good reasons why the Lord doth defer and delay them As 1. Hereby to make trial of their faith as we may see in the woman of Canaan Matth. 15.22 c. Although the Lord did intend to grant her suit yet he deferred her and put her off long and all for the trial of her faith ver 28. Or 2. He defers them the more to humble them He intended to take from Paul that messenger of Satan wherewith he was bâ—ffeted but not so soon as he would have had it Paul was not yet sufficiently humbled but in danger to have been puffed up with his former revelations 2 Cor. 12.7 8.9 As if the Lord had said it is too soon for thee Paul to be rid of that thorn thou must be brought to a greater pitch of humilliation Or 3. He defers them to make them more earnest and importunate in prayer as we may see in the examples before alledged to wit the woman of Canaan and Paul Or 4. He defers them lest they should think that they merited by their prayers although never so fervent Dan. 9.17 18 19. Or 5. He defers them that they might be more able to use and manage those blessings he means to bestow upon them This was one cause why he deferred to bring David to the kingdome that he might be the better able to manage it when he came to be possessed of it 6. Or lastly He defers them that he might cause them to account more highly of the good things they obtain of him by prayer The good things that are easily and readily come by are usually lightly esteemed After the Spouse had lost her welbeloved long it is said Cant. 3.4 She held him c. 5. And in the last place for answering of the objection we are to know that the Lord grants requests divers waies 1. When he gives the particular blessing begged As Gen. 20.17 1 Sam. 1.27 2. When denying the particular thing begged he gives a better thing As Gen. 17.18 19 And 2 Sam. 12.16 compared with verse 24.25 of the same chapter 3. When though he neither grant the thing begged nor a better thing in the same kind why yet he supporteth by his grace and giveth strength to beare the want of it As 2 Cor. 12.9 And Psalm 138.3 Hebrâ— 5.7 4. When the particular blessing begged is not given and afforded why yet the Lord warmes and cheeres the heart by assuring that the person and prayer is accepted Philip. 4.6 7. Psal 35.13 5. Lastly When the particular blessing is not obtained neither inward comfort afforded and yet the Lord gives to hold out in prayer abilitie and strength to pray when God seemeth to neglect is a speciall work and fruit of Gods Spirit Rom. 8.26 Now God cannot but hear and regard the voice of his own spirit for verse 27. he knoweth that is approveth it And Psal 10.17 See also thus have we answered the main objections against prayer We come now to the fourth thing propounded touching prayer to wit