Clysters in the beginning of the Disease However for mitigating these Symptoms let Cataplasms of Rue-leaves Raddish-roots Salt Pigeons Dung and Elder Vinegar be applied to the soles of the Feet and palms of the Hands or the Temples and Forehead fomented with the dissolution of Nitre in some convenient Water or anointed with the Ointment of Alabaster and express'd Oyl of Poppies but so as to have a care of stopping the Pores and hindering transpiration Inwardly exhibit the emulsions of the Cold Seeds Poppy Seeds c. Anâ— add Opium to the other Specifics after the first two or three Days are elaps'd If a Drousiness and inclination to sleep attend the Pest let Opium Treacle and all Compositions partaking of it be avoided let Tincture of Caster and Vinegar be frequently taken inwardly and applied to the Nose or Frankincense Bayberries and Pepper beaten up with the Yelk of an Egg be applied to the Fore-head A symptomatical bleeding at Nose is cur'd by applying a Toad under the Arm-pits washing the Hands and Feet with Vinegar applying to the Forehead Neck and Temples Cataplasms of Chalk and Potters Clay beat up with Vinegar and giving inwardly large quantities of Nitre Spirit of Vitriol Spirit of Salt and Opiats mix'd with astringent Juleps After the Bleeeding is stop'd a gentle laxative may be exhibited if other Circumstances allow of it Thirst is also abated by Nitre especially Nitrum Antimoniatum or clarify'd Whey with Juice of Citrons mix'd with the Spirit of Salt and Gelly of Hartshorn A gnawing at Heart and vomiting is cur'd by the following Electuary Take of the Conserve of Mint vitriolated Conserve of the Pulp of Citrons of each an ounce and a half preserv'd Citron-peel and Diascordium of each six drams Confection Alkermes two drams Salt of Wormwood a dram with the Juice of Quinces Make an Electuary In the mean while foment the Stomac with a mixture of the Spirit of Wine Apoplectic-water Venice Treacle and Camphyr or anoint it with express'd Oil of Nutmegs and the distill'd Oyls of Wormwood and Mace and apply afterwards the Plaister of Caranna or that of Tacamahac mix'd with Venice Treacle and Balsam of Peru. A Looseness or griping of the Guts attending a Plague are accounted for by exhibiting Diascordium Opium absorbent Powders Extract of Treacle or that of Tormentil Camphyr Vinegar and dulcifi'd Spirit of Salt A suppression of Urine happening about the Crisis is a token of critical sweats If it assault the Patient at any other time let the Pubes be anointed with Oyl of Scorpions and Ointment of Marshmallows and all blistering Plaisters omitted Swooning palpitation of the Heart and anxiety proceeding from the Stomac are alleviated by absorbent Powders If they proceed from clotted Blood or the convulsive motion of the Spirits let the Confection Alkermes Castor Spirit of Harts-horn and that of Sal-Armoniac be exhibited externally sprinkle the Face and Temples with cephalic mixtures join'd to Castor and Vinegar of Roses A Prunella or Quinsey is mitigated by applying outwardly to the Neck a Bag quilted with Elder-flowers and Safron sprinkl'd with Spirit of Sal-Armoniac or gargling the Mouth with the Decoction of Germander Self-heal and red Roses in Barley-water mix'd with Nitre and Sal-Armoniac As for the Spots resembling Flea-bitings which frequently appear in the Back Arms and Legs the above mention'd Sudorifics especially Myrrh Castor Camphyr and the volatil Salts are most proper All manner of Cold must be carefully avoided and the Body rub'd all over every Day with a Bag of hot Salt or salt Petre and cupping-glasses frequently applyed to the Back Arms and Legs and frequently taken off SECT XVI Of Disorders relating to the motion of the Blood from the Heart to the Extreme Parts HAving thus dispatch'd the Disorders relating to the Fermentation or intestin motion of the Blood we come now in order to consider those of its circular progress The Blood receiving new Life in the Lungs throws it self with fresh vigour into the left Ventricle of the Heart inlarges its Capacity and distends its Fibres This distention or irritation of the Fibres of the Heart occasions an unwonted crowd of Spirits which repair thither from the Brain contract the whole Heart straiten its Cavity and impetuously squeeze out the Blood into the great Artery In like manner the distention of the Artery caus'd by the eruption of the Blood solicits the Spirits to sally out and contract their offended Fibres and drive the blood forwards 'till it arrive at the Veins thro' which it steers an easie Course to the Heart moving without offence or irritation from narrow Passages into broader Channels so that the Veins whose Tunicles are soft and not over-touchy are in no danger of being provok'd to Contractions by a languid impoverish'd Mass This successive contraction and dilatation of the Heart and Arteries call'd by the Ancients Systole and Diastole the former occasion'd by the Spirits repairing to them and the latter by the violent irruption of Blood are what we call the Pulse This we generally inquire after where the Arteries are most accessible viz. About the Wrists Temples and Ancles in order to discover the state of the Blood And if we find the Artery much dilated by turgid Blood we call it a large Pulse if the if the Blood move forcibly and impetuously we term it strong if the Arteries yield to the touch and do not seem to resist or rebound we stile it a Soft Pulse If the Blood move swiftly the Pulse is Frequent and if the Heart and Arteries be suddenly and much irritated 't is Quick Now Small Weak Hard unfrequent and flow Pulses are the direct reverse of these Circulation is of use to renew the strength of the Blood in the Lungs and supply all the Parts of the Body with Nourishment For 't is the united Mass of Blood and Chyle that furnishes the spermatic parts with Chyle or milky imperfect Blood and those that are sanguin with finish'd Blood according to the natural Demand of the respective Parts CHAP. I. Of the Palpitation and trembling of the Heart WHEN the Blood circulats thro' the Heart it occasions a regular Systole and Diastole But a palpitation of the Heart is a disorderly convulsive unequal vehement Contraction and sometimes scarce perceivable in the Arteries tho' at other times exalted to that pitch that it makes an audible noise A trembling of the Heart is a weak imperfect Contraction Both are equally owing to the irritation of the Heart but with this difference that a palpitation is attended by a violent and resisting strength and a trembling by a yielding weakness This irritation is sometimes the effect of the sharpness or over-bearing quantity of Serum or of Worms in the Heart-purse or of little Wheals or Excrescences within and about the Heart or great Arteries sometimes it proceeds from little Clotts of Blood left by the vicious Mass in the Heart or from a provoking Acid prevailing in the Mass of Blood as it passes along or
in the Lungs and causes a plentiful evacuation of froth The slime that is also voided proceeds from the Glandules of the Wind Pipe which are provok'd to frequent Contractions by the Anxiety of the Breast and so separate large quantities of serum which accompanies the Air in Exspiration Besides the Pituitous Membran being straiten'd by this Anxiety Distills a viscous Lymph upon the Wind Pipe which helps to make up the quantity The remote causes of this stagnation which the Ancients erroneously miscall'd a Catarrh are 1. The redundancy or over-bearing Turgescence of Blood 2. The Viscidity of the Blood occasion'd by Crude Chyle 3. It s Coagulation caus'd by cold Air by an inconsiderat assumption of cold Water immediatly after great heats by fear or by the Influence of a Vicious Acid. 4. The accidental obstruction of the Lungs by Stones Excrescences c. The symptoms are a sense of weight upon the Breast difficulty of breathing danger of Choaking a very slow pulse and sometimes a Cough and a fatal evacuation of froth and slime 'T is distinguish'd from an Apoplexy by the difficulty of Respiration and lowness of the Pulse For Cure Blood-letting is absolutely necessary and ought to be perform'd betimes after which a sharp Clyster may be injected and scarifying Cupping-Glasses applied to several parts of the Body Then give Sperma Ceti to a dram in Hyssop Water Gum Ammoniac dissolv'd in Vinegar or its Spirit Prepar'd with Verdigris Saffron Volatil salt of Amber Spirit of Hartshorn Crabs Eyes Diaphoretic Antimony the Juice of the flowers of red Dasies and the Vulnerary herbs especially the Juice of Radishes are also very proper As for the Ligatures Frictions Cataplasms Plaisters Gargarisms c. recommended by the Ancients they are of no use as being only contriv'd in pursuit of their mistake assigning a Chimerical defluxion from the Head for the cause of this disease These three different sorts of choaking Diseases miscall'd Catarrhs ought to be carefully distinguish'd by reason that their Cures are so very different SECT XV. Of the accidents that disturb the transformation of the Chyle and fermentation of the Blood THE Chyle being separated in the Guts and convey'd thro' the milky vessels into the Conduit of the Breast joyns the Blood in the left Subclavian Vein and by vertue of fermentation is wrought into the same colour and consistence This Fermentation which for the most part assimilates the Chyle springs from the Vital Spirit and saline principle lodg'd in the Blood which is enliven'd and reinforc'd by the continu'd supplies of the air receiv'd in the Lungs For the Chyle is carried up to the Subclavian Vein in order to have a shorter passage into the Lungs where the mixt Composure of Blood and Chyle is dissolv'd and rarify'd the acid and urinous Salts are disengaged and render'd volatil which by justling and encountring each the other produce a notable Fermentation by virtue of which the Sulphureous and Volatil parts joyn together and are invested with a red Colour Besides the Chyle is tinctur'd with the Sulphur of the Choler in the Guts and so predispos'd to a likeness and easy union with the Blood This Transformation of the Chyle is not accomplish'd by one single passage thro' the Lungs but must be compleated by repeated Circulations along with the Blood Which truth is plainly made out by the Chyle or Milky liquor that swims upon Blood drawn forth four or five hours after eating So that the mass of Blood consists naturally of Chyle and Blood which being perfectly mix'd make up an univocal Homogeneous Liquor 'T is true the Ancients speak of four humours c. as being different ingredients of the Blood which they infer'd from the apparent unequal condition or the several parts of Blood drawn forth from the Body but that is owing only to its Corruption or alteration occasion'd by the Nitrous Salts of the Air. Upon which account all special predictions grounded on the external appearance of Blood are frivolous and uncertain This regular Fermentation and Assimilation is disordered by the defects of the Chyle or the Blood The former may be cast into three heads 1. When the Chyle is not sufficiently digested attenuated and volatilis'd in the Stomach 2. When it is not duely tinctur'd with the Oyly Sulphur of the Choler 3. When the Choleric or pancreatic Juices are tardy in separating its dregs The Latter into these 1. When the Motion of the Blood is rais'd beyond its natural pitch 2. When 't is depress'd and diminish'd 3. When its substance is adulterated The signs by which we descry a disorderly fermentation are the pulse and urine But they are oft-times fallacious For the pulse may be immediately influenc'd by the Animal Spirits without any dependance upon the fermentation of the Blood and the Urine may be disguis'd by drinking or the disorders of the solid parts imploy'd in that service The immediat cause of a disorderly fermentation of the Blood is the degeneracy of the Urinous and Acid Salts from their due proportion and harmony The remote causes are the various Contagious particles convey'd into the Body with the Air or any other vehicle antecedent losses of Blood disorders of the Bowels c. The Cure is perform'd by Saline Remedies calculated for the particular indisposition of the Blood and vary'd according to the difference of Temperaments Of which more above CHAP. I. Of Feavers in general A Feaver is a vicious fermentation of the Blood in which its temperament is deprav'd and the whole Body disorder'd The infinite variety of Feaverish ferments occasions a great many various depravations of the Blood But in general the formal Essence of all Feavers consists in a preternatural fermentation of the Blood occasion'd by a foreign ferment which sometimes immediately affects the Blood sometimes the Spirits and sometimes both at which time Nature indeavours to throw out the heterogeneous particles In order to make this appear let us Consider the following Remarks 1. That the eating of Summer Fruits frequently causes Feavers Now these are indow'd with a notable propensity to ferment 2. That Cold or what ever impairs the insensible transpiration produces the like effect Now the Vicious Salts thus imprison'd and overflowing in the Blood cannot affect it any other way than by creating a fermentation 3. That Feavers insue the inspiration of Contagious particles which naturally propagate by fermenting 4. That the Rotten Feavers mention'd by the ancients are only explicable by the Doctrine of fermentations for no living thing can be properly intitled to putrefaction unless by it be meant a turbulent confus'd motion proceeding from the dissolution of contrary Salts as that of Spirit of Vitriol and Oyl of Turpentin The Common Symptoms of Feavers are likewise vouchers for the fermentation that causes ' em These are commonly reckon'd four viz. 1. An alteration of the pulse 2. A Chilness shivering and shaking 3. Excessive heat 4. The Change of Urine both as to the Liquor and what it contains
correcting the viscidity or sharpness of the Lymph especially the saliva and pancreatic juice evacuating the crude Phlegm and Lymph thus prepar'd and mitigating the Symptoms If the Breast be oppress'd let a gentle Vomit be exhibited or a mild purgative As Take Mynsicht's emetic Tartar two or three grains purifi'd Sal-Armoniac eight grains Or Take of Ruffius's Pills de tribus fifteen grains fulminatory Gold three grains prepar'd Scammony Treches Alhandal of each a grain With compound Tincture of Tartar make Pills In the next place attenuating Diuretic Remedies are proper as dulcifi'd Spirit of Salt of excellent use against a Hectic dulcifi'd Spirit of Nitre essential Salt of Tartar Sal-Armoniac Nitrum Antimoniatum Tartar vitriolated Terra foliata Tartari or its Liquor Tincture of Tartar Essence of Myrrh tartaris'd carminative Spirit Spirit of Sal-Armoniac anisated Poterius's Antihectic c. Take of purifi'd Sal-Armoniac half a dram Poterius's Antihectic a scruple make a Powder for two Doses one in the Morning and the other at Night before the Fit Nitrum Antimoniatum mix'd with an equal quantity of Sal-Armoniac or Arcanum duplicatum mix'd with diaphoretic Antimony or Sal-Armoniac mix'd with Galangal and Ginger are successfully us'd after the same method Take of Mint-Water and Fennel-Water of each an ounce and a half Spirit of Treacle two or three Drams dulcifi'd Spirit of Salt half a dram or a whole dram Poterius's Antihectic a scruple Syrup of Hyssop six or eight drams Mix for two Doses Let the Mouth be gargaris'd with small Beer and Hony of Roses or with Water Vinegar and purifi'd Nitre or the infusion of Holyhoc-flowers in Water with a little Spirit of Salt and a convenient Syrup The Feaver call'd Epiala in which the inward parts are oppress'd with heat while the external are cold is by some referr'd to this Head But 't is only a combination or rencounter of either a Continual and Intermitting or two Intermitting Feavers The Swoonings that sometimes attend both this and other sorts of Feavers are caus'd either by some viscious slime irritating the Mouth of the Stomac or some sharp rusty Humour lodg'd in it In the last case Unicorn's Horn or the Decoction of Tamarinds in Water are much approv'd But if a viscid windy Matter arise to them volatil spiritous Remedies are proper Tho' after all 't is worthy our consideration what Ballonius remarks upon this matter viz. That many Physicians are faulty in giving strong Cordials against swooning where purging were more proper Of Symptomatical slow Feavers These Feavers are frequently occasion'd by a preposterous use of Absorbents in Intermitting and Continual Feavers which fix the heterogeneous Particles and render the Chyle and Lymph viscid or by over-feeding in the declination of other Feavers while the digestive faculty is weak by which means the Chyle is loaded with Crudities They may likewise follow other Diseases proceeding from a viscous Acid. Their Symptoms are the same as above to which we may add that sometimes they are accompanied by a looseness or voiding of liquid pituitous Matter The Cure consists in tempering the saltish Acid attenuating the viscid Matter and procuring to it an egress by vomiting stool urine or sweat They sometimes proceed from Ulcers especially of the internal parts retention of the After-birth a dead Child in the Womb chronical Pains and are cur'd by removing the respective Cause by Medecins alotted to that purpose In general gentle Vomits and Purges are proper and in a word the whole series of Medicins prescrib'd for the independent Slow Feavers Sometimes such Feavers follow an unseasonable use of sudorific Decoctions against the Pox before the Body be evacuated and are cur'd by vomiting and the repeated use of Sal-Armoniac Of Hectic Feavers A Hectic is a Slow Feaver advancing insensibly If it be a principal independent Disease it proceeds from the Corruption of undigested Food in the Stomac immoderate fatigue sorrow watchings want over-liberal evacuations excessive Bathings c. Oft-times 'tis only a symptom of other Diseases and follows the irregular Cure of Continual and Intermitting Feavers Inflamations of the Bowels Lungs Mesentery Womb and Kidneys the French-Pox c. The Part affected is not the habit of the Body as the Ancients fancy'd but the mass of Blood and Lymph Hence the greatest heat is perceiv'd about the Arteries As for the independent Principal sort of Hectics the Stomac and digestive Faculty are the original seat of their cause The immediat cause is the indisposition and unequal texture of the Blood caus'd by the saltish sharpness of the Lymph in the conglobat Glandules and the viscosity of that in the Conglomerat From whence insue a deprav'd and diminish'd fermentation weakness weariness deficiency of Spirits and the whole train of Hectic Symptoms The salin and viscid Blood is render'd unfit for nourishing the parts and after eating when the thin readier part of the fresh Chyle dilutes the Blood and disengages its Salts the Pulse is a little enlarg'd and the Heat augmented and after some time sink again to their ordinary pitch And the coarse remains of the Chyle are frequently voided by Night-Sweats as having receiv'd a vicious Tincture in the Stomac from the Saliva and being upon that Account equally disagreeable to the Blood and solid parts As for the Remote Causes Fatigue and Labour Watchings and Care exhaust the Spirits and watery Vehicle of the Blood Anger exalts the Bilious Salt which joyning with the Acid acquires a saline Acrimony Grief and Sorrow increase the Acid which joyning to the urinous Salt becomes dull and unactive indigested Crudities in the Stomac or the want of Food occasion a stricter union between the Acid and urinous Salts and their mutual degeneracy into a third sharp saline Body Ulcers both internal and external corrupt the Blood by vertue of their salin sharp Matter continual and intermitting Feavers attended by plentiful Sweats exhaust the dewy watry part of the Blood or the unseasonable use of absorbent earthy Powders administred for their Cure destroys the Ferment of the Stomac and increases the Acrimony of the Blood Thus they all conspire to render the Blood and Lymph saltish or viscous There are three Essential Signs of a Hectic Feaver 1. An obscure insensible Heat increasing after eating 2. The successive Consumption of the Body 3. A swift frequent small weak and oft-times a hard Pulse To which we may add in some cases Night-Sweats the falling off of the Hairs an universal Weariness inward Heat and averseness to sleep in the morning If Ashy belchings precede the appearance of these Symptoms they serve for a confirmation In the beginning of the Disease the Urine resembles that of healthy Persons unless the Stomac be much deprav'd in which case 't is white pale and thick afterwards when the Appetit and Digestion are in a manner quite abolish'd it becomes thin transparent and high Colour'd and when 't is form'd into a perfect Consumption a fat oily Crust resembling Cobwebs swims on the Top. But we ought
this diminution of the Pulse and want of Strength we must call to mind that the vital force of our Body is founded radically in the Blood but exerts it self by its most subtile active and moveable part call'd the Spirits which being volatiliz'd by the inspired Air in the Breast like Rays of Light are diffus'd through the whole Body either in a vital Capacity together with the Blood in the Arteries or separately by the Brain and Nerves under the Character of animal Spirits When therefore the Blood by reason of its less quantity or viscidity and acidity or want of active Salts is unfit to undergo the vital Fermentation in the Breast the Spirits must of necessity fail whence ensues a weakness and languishing that steals on by degrees This vicious constitution of the Blood is oftentimes occasion'd by some error in Diet after acute Diseases or follows the indiscreet management of chronical Distempers supposing the Blood to be rob'd of its Spirits and the Chyle to be over power'd with Crudities arising from the weakness of the stomachical Ferment and flatness of the Bile But if on a sudden the vital fermentation of the Blood in the breast is interrupted and by consequence the luminous Ray of the vital and animal Spirits fail or if incident external Objects pour disorder and confusion on the animal Spirits then follows a sudden prostration of Strength and cessation of Sense and Motion which according to its various degrees is call'd either Lipothymia Syncope or Asphyxia Now the vital fermentation of the Blood is interrupted either by immoderat evacuations of any Humour or Juice such as the Blood seminal Liquor hydropic Water corrupt Matter c. or by its coagulation occasion'd by Poison or the unfriendly miasms of corrupt Matter issuing froman Imposthume in the Heart The external Objects that disorder the Spirits are such as excite violent and sudden passions of the Mind as Frights Grief Joy Anger also strong and disagreeable Smells the sight of Animals to which we have a natural Antipathy and whatever affects the upper Orifice of the Stomac which by consent influences all the other Nerves of the Body Upon which occasions the Spirits are hindered in their wonted motions either by oppression or fixation as in sudden Frights or dissipation as in excessive sudden Joy or deviation as in Cramps and Convulsions of the Heart A weakness and languishing without any manifest cause prognosticats the sudden invasion of Diseases especially those of a Scorbutic Character If it succeed to acute Diseases it threatens either a Relapse Dropsie or intermitting Feaver In the beginning of any Disease 't is a sign of Malignity Syncope's and Lipothymi's are more or less dangerous according to the measure of their duration and the character of their symptoms and if after the use of suitable means the Patient is not awak'd they prove dangerous Those occasion'd by an effusion of Blood or other Humours are safer than others that spring from an internal acute Cause If they are attended by anguish of Heart and restlessness they proceed from the Stomac and are less fatal when the left side of the orifice is affected In fine the more clammy and copious the cold Sweat is so much the more dangerous is the Syncope The Cure is compass'd by the continu'd use of volatil Aromatic Medicines which promote the vital Fermentation exalt the Blood sharpen the unactive Bile remove the clamminess of the Blood and withal restore the digestive force of the Stomac Such are the Spirit of Wine or generous Wines impregnated with vegetable Aromatics as Take of Rosemary curl'd Mint of each a Handful Sage and Baum of each half a handful Roots of the genuin Acorus Elecampane and Fennel an Ounce the four lesser hot Seeds of each a Dram Cinnamon Cubebs Cloves Mace of each two Drams cut bruise and tye them in a Bag to be infus'd in Wine of which take a draught in the Morning fasting and at Meals In scorbutical and hypochondriac cases Scurvy-grass Cresses Peper-wort c. may be added together with some drops of the Spirit of Sal-Armoniac anisated dropt into each draught We may also use stomachical Essences and Elixirs Aqua Vitae aploplectic and epileptic Waters c. Volatil oily Salts and a hundred such like to be taken thrice a Day Morning Noon and at Bed-time and also before eating Now as to sudden fainting and swooning we must endeavour when the Fit is present to remove it and when 't is over to prevent its relapse There are three sorts of Medicins in use during the Fit viz. 1. Spirituous sulphurous and oily ones such are all inflamable Aromatic Spirits prepar'd by fermentation distill'd Aromatic Oyls and compound apoplectic Waters 2. Spirituous Alcali's sharp volatil urinous Spirits and Salts which are always the better for being well charg'd with Oyl 3. Sharp volatil Acids especially Vinegar which wakens the Senses and rallies the dissipated Spirits Sometimes we join 'em to Opiats for staying the convulsive motions of the Spirits Thus the Principal Remedies used in a Syncope are Generous Wines Cinnamon its Water and distill'd Oyl and all its preparations all Apoplectic Waters Spirit of Lilly of the Valley prepar'd by fermentation spirit of Venice Treacle both simple and compound distill'd Oyl of Cloves Cordial and Apoplectic Balsams all volatil Salts spirit of Stagg's Heart spirit of Harts-horn prepar'd with Amber spirit of Roses prepar'd with Amber to which if the Salt of Vipers or that of Amber is added 't is almost an infallible Remedy Moreover the Elixir of Citrons or their Spirit sharpen'd with the volatil salt of Harts-horn the quintessences of Baum and Angelica the Essence of Saffron mix'd with a grain or two of volatil Salt of Harts-horn the Tincture of Coral prepar'd with spirit of Stagg's Heart the Tincture of Gold the volatil Salts impregnated with distill'd aromatic Oyls such as rectified spirit of Sal-Armoniac joined with aromatick spirit of Wine are all of excellent use if exhibited in convenient Vehicles such as Baum-water prepar'd with Wine Penny-royal and Cinnamon-water Aqua Vitae or Matthiolus's Elixir vitae Water of Stagg's Heart Mynsicht's hot cordial Water and for Women Swallow-water with Castor c. to which may be added Camphyr or spirit of Treacle camphoris'd As for Acids we use spiritous and Generous Wine the Juice of Citrons Juice or Syrup of Rasberries conserve of the Pulp of Citrons mix'd with Diascordium Vinegar impregnated with Castor Vinegar of Marigold-flowers or the Flowers of the Lilly of the Valley or those of Elder of Rue c. As for Narcotics Helmont's Laudanum Opiatum in a small Dose Venice Treacle Mithridat Extract of Treacle and such like Compositions are proper In the use of these Remedies we must have a principal regard to the antecedent Causes For example if the Syncope is caus'd by poyson proper Antidotes must be added and a Vomit exhibited especially when the Poyson lurks in the first passages When the Cause is lodg'd in the
especially Crabs Eyes mix'd with Vinegar Tho' Vinegar be an acid yet when joyn'd to Crabs Eyes and absorbent Powders it ferments and assumes a lixivious Urinous form which is of admirable efficacy for dissolving clotted Blood To these we ought always to add Sperma Ceti and the Decoctions or Waters of Vulnerary Plants as being inrich'd with a plentiful Alcali The dulcify'd Spirit of Nitre and all the Preparations of Nitre are also of excellent use especially if the Feaver be high As for external applications I refer the Reader to the sixth Book and shall only now take notice of two Particulars 1. The mistake of those who apply repelling Astringents in order to straiten the Vessels and hinder the Corruption of Blood Whereas the Doctrine of Circulation teaches us that the Blood convey'd thither by the Arteries cannot be beat back or return any other way than by the Veins Now to straiten the Vessels that are already straitned by the swelling is the ready way to hinder the Bloods access to the Veins and augment the Inflammation 2. If the tumor cannot be discuss'd we must bring it to a Head by ripening Applications and when the Ulcer is open see it throughly cleans'd before we attempt to consolidat The general Cure of Inflammations being thus accounted for we proceed to Particular Inflammations ART 1. Of a Quinsey Thrush and falling of the Vvula or Palat of the Mouth THE Inflammation of the Muscles of the Neck especially those of the Windpipe and Gullet is stil'd a Quinsy under which we comprehend all Inflammations relating to the Chops If the Internal Muscles of the Throat or Head of the Gullet are inflam'd 't is call'd Synanche if the External Parasynanche if the Internal Muscles of the Head of the Windpipe Cynanche if the External Paracynanche If a Quinsey proceed from the simple Stagnation of pure Blood 't is accounted Genuin if the Viscidity of the Lymph be the first Author of the Swelling and so accompany or rather cause the Stagnation 't is a spurious or white Quinsey The causes of a Quinsey are the unseasonable suppression of a Flux of Blood malignant Miasma's in the Air irritating the Throat and Windpipe the assumption of Corrosive Liquors which provoke the Muscles to contractions cold Air Bones Pieces of Glass or whatever happens to disturb the repose of those Parts or thicken the Blood or Lymph The viscidity or sharpness of the Lymph has a peculiar tendency to the Inflammation of the Tonsillae or Glandules in the Throat which causes 'em to throw out large Quantities of glutinous Lymph upon the Tongue and Jaws An Imminent Quinsey is usher'd in by a difficulty of Breathing swallowing and moving the Neck and a notable Heat in the Throat The Symptoms that accompany it are a difficulty of Breathing especially in a Cynanche the tumor pain and redness of the Neck and Tongue a viscous Film or Crust proceeding from the Tonsillae and covering the Tongue a difficulty of swallowing especially in a Synanche A genuine Quinsey is also attended by an acute Feaver and a distending Convulsive Pulse like that in a Peripneumonia But a spurious one by a slow Feaver and meeker Symptoms If this Inflammation be not quickly discuss'd it either choaks the Patient or becomes an Ulcer which sometimes distils a purulent matter into the Lungs and occasions tragical Symptoms If the swelling and redness display themselves visibly upon the external Muscles 't is a good Circumstance If the internal swelling and difficulty of breathing increase without an apparent Tumor and be attended by Froth in the Mouth If the Feaver observe the period of a continual Tertian if the Vein under the Tongue when open'd do not bleed these I say are bad Omens If the Swelling disappear of a sudden without the Signs of Concoction in the Spittle or diminution of the anxiety of the Breast or if the Head Pleura or other parts are seiz'd with Pain and inflammation by vertue of the Translation of the morbifical Matter we look for Death The Cure is either internal or external The former is the same with that of Inflammations in general providing a due regard be had to the peculiar constitution of the Parts as appears by the following Rules 1. The volatil Salts and absorbent Powders above mention'd join'd to the dulcifi'd Spirit of Nitre and Laudannm are given with good success in order to sweat Especially Horse-Dung and the Dung of Birds as being plentifully impregnated with a Volatil nitrous Salt Nitre dissolv'd in the ordinary Drink is also much approv'd 2. Amber Myrrh Spirit of Harts-horn and all Medicines recommended for Catarrhs are very proper in Quinseys by reason that the Lymph is always faulty as well as the Blood 3. In the beginning of the Disease we first open a Vein in the Leg then in the Arm and towards the height under the Tongue Before the Invasion of a Quinsey if the Patient be not Plethorick nor the Blood very high we may order Blood-letting under the Tongue but in no other case before the height If the Piles or Terms are suppressed we must always let Blood in the Leg. In desperate cases we apply Scarify'd Cupping-Glasses to the Neck Shoulders and Chin. In fine the Constitution of the Patient and other incident Circumstances must be our Directory for regulating the Measures of Bleeding 4. Epidemical Quinseys or such as proceed from the malignity of the Air must be treated as malignant Diseases without Bleeding or Purging And the Physician ought to avoid their Breath as being very catching 5. Antimonial Vomits are of singular use in the beginning of the Disease especially if it be epidemical or if the Patient be molested with a bitter rusty taste in the Mouth a tickling heat in the Gullet and a loathing of Meat They are improper at any other time besides the very height of the Disease when the suppuration is in some measure advanced and the Swelling cannot be laid open Then indeed a Vomit is the last Refuge If the Person cannot swallow any Liquor let the Throat be tick'ld with Mercurius Vitae with Hony upon a Feather 6. Purgatives are improper as being apt to augment Inflammations Perhaps in the beginning 't will not be improper to cleanse the first Passages with a Laxative But Clysters ought to be injected every Day during the whole progress of the Disease 7. Blistering Plaisters applied to the Neck after the first Blood-letting are not improper 8. If the Inflammation of the Tonsillae arising from viscid Lymph be apt to relapse frequently let an Issue be cut in the Arm. 9. We must be very nice in distinguishing a Quinsey from a Prunella which generally follows Feavers and requires the application of Medicines improper for a Quinsey See the Chap. of Acute Feavers The external part of the Cure of a Quinsey is perform'd 1. By Gargarisms Ointments Cataplasms and Plaisters of discussing Ingredients such as Chamomil and Elder-Flowers Mint Penny-Royal Wild Marjoram Sage Hyssop the
Seeds of Dill Rapes Mustard and Cummin Saffron Camphyr Swallow-wort the Dung of Animals the Juice of River-Crabs the Persons own Urine the Spirit of Wine Sal-Armoniac and Juice of House-leek The common Practitioners generally add astringent Ingredients whereas they are very pernicious and augment the Inflammation by hindring the Bloods access to the Veins upon which account we only use attenuating volatil Ingredients as for a Gargarism the Decoction of Rapes mix'd with Sal-Armoniac Or Take of Lovage-Roots six drams Smallage-Roots three drams Elder-flowers a handful and a half Mallows leaves a handful Boil them in Barley-water and add to the strain'd Decoction Hony of Mercury an ounce Spirit of Venice Treacle six drams spirit of Sal-Armoniac a dram Make a Gargarism After the beginning of the Disease Gargarisms are improper as requiring a motion prejudicial and painful to the inflam'd Parts Upon which Account we order the Patient only to let the Liquor lie in the Mouth for some time As for Discussing Cataplasms those of bruis'd Wormwood-leaves mix'd with Hoggs-Fat or of a Swallow's Nest boil'd in Wine apply'd to the Swelling are of excellent use For a Plaister we apply that of Melilot soften'd with distill'd Oyl of Amber For an Ointment the Oyl of sweet Almonds mix'd with Sal-Armoniac as also the following Oyl Take of Brimstone pulveris'd and Salt of Tartar of each a Dram. Melt 'em and let 'em stand 'till they grow cold Then pulverise the Mass and add of the Oyl of sweet Almonds three ounces Oyl of Camphyr half a Dram. Mix and set 'em to digest for three Days 2. If the Tumor be not quickly discuss'd we must set aside all sharp provoking Ingredients and endeavour to bring it to maturity by soft temperat ripening Medicines Such are the Decoctions of the Herbs Mallows and Melilot Marsh-mallows-Roots and Figs in Whey or Milk and sweeten'd with Hony for a Gargarism or the Oyl of sweet Almonds and Ointment of Marshmallows with which we anoint the outward Parts and then apply the following Cataplasm Take a Swallows-nest with the Dung three roasted Onyons and two or three handfuls of Elder-flowers Boil 'em in Milk Beat the Pulp thro' a Sive and add half an Ounce of Album Graecum half a dram of the distill'd Oyl of Chamomil and a sufficient quantity of the Oyl of White Lillies in order to make a Cataplasm 3. The Tumor being thus ripen'd we must endeavour to open it by anointing the Jaws with Hony mix'd with Dog's Dung Or if that be successless by a Gargarism of Mustard-Seed boil'd in Mead or of the Oyl of Vitriol mix'd with White-Wine and ordering the Patient to Cough and Hauk and in the last extremity administring a Vomit or opening the Larynx 4. When the Ulcer is open'd it ought to be cleans'd by the Decoction of Barly or Speedwell mix'd with Hony of Roses or Black-smith's Water for a Gargarism If it prove very sordid we may add the rectifi'd Spirit of Salt or Spirit of Vitriol and in desperate cases touch the Ulcer with Vnguentum Aegyptiacum or Platerus's green Water mix'd with Hony After 't is sufficiently cleans'd touch it with an Ointment of Myrrh Florentin Orris-Roots Burnt-Allum and Hony of Roses and gargle the Mouth with vulnerary astringent mixtures As for the Thrush or excoriation of the Mouth it frequently attends Feavers when the Stomac is stuff'd with green rusty Humours and the Physician neglects to cleanse it and then it reaches from the Stomac to the Tongue In other cases it proceeds from the sharpness of Spittle If the Crust is black livid green flat and continues long dry it portends a tedious Disease The Cure consists in moistening and softening the affected Part. For which end let the Juice of Rapes or mucilage of Quinces with Nitre or fresh Butter and Sugar be applied to the Tongue If it degenerat into Ulcers gargle the Mouth with the Decoction of Speedwell mix'd with Hony or wash the Ulcers with the Phlegm of Vitriol and Plantan-Water In Scorbutical Cases add the spirit of Salt and that of Vitriol and for Venereal cases Platerus's green Water The falling of the Vvula is cur'd by applying to it Sal-Armoniac and Pepper gargling the Mouth with the Decoction of Self-heal mix'd with Sal-Armoniac and crude Allum or the Decoction of Hemp-seed in Vinegar and Water and applying to the Crown of the Head a mixture of Yest Spirit of Wine Mastic and Amber ART 2. Of Inflammations of the Stomac Guts and Fundament THE Causes of an Inflmamation of the Stomac are the same as those of other Inflammations The Symptoms are an Acute Feaver a Tumor a Pain and sense of Heat under the short Ribs an unquenchable Thirst unquietness and Watchings The profundity of the Pain the comparative invisibility of the Tumour and the acuteness of its Symptoms distinguish it from the Inflammation of the Liver or of the Muscles of the Belly Sometimes the Inflammation suppurates and then if the purrulent Matter fall inward upon the Guts there is not so much danger as if it were discharg'd into the external Cavity As for the Cure Purgatives during the increase are improper Bleeding ought to be cautiously manag'd by reason of the Swoonings and Convulsive Symptoms that attend this Disteâ—per Clysters are very convenient But the Sudorifics recommended above for Inflammations in general are the Basis of the Cure Especially Antimonial Nitre or the dulcifi'd spirit of Nitre mix'd with the Decoction of Liquorice for ordinary Drinking The Sugar of Lead mix'd with Poterius's Antihectic Pulp of Tamarinds Mineral Bezoar and Tartar vitriolated Externally foment with the Decoction of Chamomil and red Roses in Wine and apply discussing Cataplasms of Aromatick Plants boil'd in Wine If the Tumor incline to suppurat apply the following Cataplasm Take of Fenugree Seeds three Ounces Pigeon's Dung two Ounces Yest and Hony of each an Ounce Oyl of Chamomil an ounce and a half Mix c. As for internal Administrations In case of Suppuration exhibit Turpentin dissolv'd with the Yelk of an Egg in Scabious Water or the rectifi'd Spirit of Tartar and the Juice of Syrup of Scabious If the Tumour is open administer the Decoction of Hyssop mix'd with Hony or Chalybeat Milk or the Decoction of China-Roots and Scabious Leaves with absorbent Powders Balsam of Peru Balsam of Sulphur and the Oyl or Extract of the Flowers of St. John's Wort If the Stomac be ulcerated by the corrosion of sharp Liquors administer first a Vomit and then the Mucilages of Fleawort and Quince-seeds mix'd with Tragacanth and Syrup of Roses The Inflammation of the Guts is caus'd by Dysenteries Ruptures Iliac Pains c. The Symptoms are a Tumor Heat and beating Pain a Lipyria Feaver in which the external Parts are cold while the internal are unsufferably hot Costiveness Retraction of the Anus and suppression of Urine If the small Guts are the seat of the Inflammation it appears about the Navel and is attended by a difficulty of Breathing and Vomiting If the
and Caraway-seeds of each three Drams Bay-berries and Juniper-berries of each half an Ounce the Rinds of Pomgranats six Drams Roots of black Hellebor of round rooted Cyperus of Radishes and Sow-bread of each one Ounce bitter Almonds two Drams with seven pretty large Onions Infuse them in a sufficient quantity of Wine and draw it off from a Balneum Mariae Use as above Sometimes ye may add a small quantity of Opium If the Pain be occasion'd by Worms they ought to be entic'd to come forth by pouring in sweet Milk or applying a sweet Apple rosted to the Ear. If they refuse to come forth they must be kill'd by bitter Oils and Juices As Take of the express'd Oil of Peach-seeds one Dram Quercetanus's Oil of Coloquintida half a Dram sweet Mercury from six Grains to half a Scruple Mix and pour it in by Drops or apply it with Cotton Or Take of Aloe two Drams Myrrh from a Dram to two Drams Coloquintida half a Dram tops of Wormwood half a handful Boil them in a sufficient quantity of Wine or Water and use the strain'd Liquor as above If an Ointment be more acceptable take of Salt of Lead Earwax and express'd Oil of Filberds of each an equal quantity Mix c. Fumigations by the bitter Herbs and Antimonial Ingredients are proper both for the Ear and Mouth If a Flie creep into the Ear put a little Turpentin into it If a Flea put a little Ball of Dogs-hair If a Leech inject the Solution of common Salt or the warm Blood of any Animal ART VI. Of Headachs SOmetimes the whole Head is seiz'd with an universal Pain at other times only a particular part as the hinder part of the Head in Women which generally slows from the Disorders of the Womb the external Membranes surrounding the Scull in venereal Cases and the internal Membran call'd dura Mater from the Indisposition of the Blood which it receives by an infinit number of capillary Veins If the Headach be not originally caus'd by some Disorder in the Head it oft-times proceeds from those of the Stomac the Spleen the Kidneys the Womb c. by reason of the mutual Commerce establish'd betwixt them and the Head by virtue of their Membrans and Nerves If it proceed immediatly from some defailance in the Head it may be caus'd accidentally by external Wounds use of Mercury immoderat Drinking c. and disappears upon their removal If it become habitual and inveterat it proceeds either from an Inflammation of the Blood in the Vessels of the Brain or the Depravation of the Lympha separated by its Glandules or a collection of some heterogeneous Humor which oft-times settles into a viscid Consistency and creates particular Pains confin'd to narrow Bounds as the breadth of an Egg the head of a Nail c. The only use of Signs in this case is to distinguish the Causes If 't is inconstant and apt to relent or be accompany'd by Disorders in the lower Region of the Body without any visible defect in the Head it is owing to the influence of these other affected Parts If it be habitual or observe set Periods in returning and be influenc'd by the Sun and Moon 't is an essential Headach And if it cause a Sense of beating like to that of an Artery and a burning Heat it proceeds from the Blood If it increase after eating or vanish after Sleep it arises from the Depravation of the Chyle If attended by a Drousiness a sense of Weight and a seeming Distention of the Brain it proceeds from some serous or viscid Matter lodg'd in the Head If follow'd by scorbutic or venereal Symptoms they discover the Cause As for Prognostics If in Feavers it suddenly vanish without any Evacuation 't is an ill Omen If attended by grievous Symptoms as Giddiness Convulsions Vomiting c. 't is not easily cur'd If a drouzy Headach seize a Child-bearing Woman it is dangerous If accompany'd by a Coldness of the external Parts it betokens an inward Inflammation 'T is more suspected in acute than in chronical Diseases In order to a regular Cure 't is needful to observe the following Cautions 1. If it arise by consent with other Parts it yields to Vomiting Purging and the Restoration of the disorder'd Part. But if it be essential and inveterat frequent Evacuations are not so proper as corroborating cephalic Medicines 2. Opiats are not very proper in essential Headaches At least they must be given in sinall Doses and if externally us'd must not be applied to the Sutures but to the Temples and Forehead 3. 'T is always conducive excepting the case of a malignant Feaver to keep the Belly open 4. The scorbutic Pains of the Head are the most obstinat The Decoctions of sudorific Woods volatil Salts and Spirits Milk Opiats blistering Plaisters and external Anodyn Applications are proper in such cases 5. In all Headachs the Decoctions of the sudorific Woods ought to succeed to the general Evacuations 6. Chirurgical Operations are of great use If it proceed from the Blood open a Vein in the Arm or the Vein of the Forehead or the Vein betwixt the Thumb and first Finger or apply Leeches to the Temples or open the Artery that runs along the temporal Muscle towards the Forehead which gives present Relief and is a very innocent Operation if cautiously perform'd If it arise from a Depravation of the Serum apply blistering Plaisters behind the Ears or over the whole Head or cut Issues in the Arm Neck or Head it self Trepanations are sometimes but very seldom convenient Cupping Glasses are not amiss But the universal Evacuations ought to precede all chirurgical Attempts 7. If the Headach arises by Consent Vomits are proper But if it be essential Purges are more convenient As Take of the Pills of Mastic a Scruple extract of black Hellebor extract of Castor of each five Grains Troches Alhandal two Grains with a sufficient quantity of Elixir Proprietatis make Pills They are likewise proper against the Disorders of the Stomac and lower Belly which oft-times cause a Head-ach Take of Crollius his Extractum Panchymagogum or extract of black Hellebor fifteen Grains Extract of Vervain seven Grains sweet Mercury from half a Scruple to fifteen Grains Laudanum Opiatum two Drams Scammony Sulphurated two or three Grains with a sufficient quantity of the Essence of Saffron make Pills Or Take of Extract of Agaric half a Scruple Extract of black Hellebor six Grains Aloe prepar'd with Juice of Roses Rosin of Scammony of each three Grains distill'd Oil of Rosemary Flowers or of Origanum one drop Mix and make Pills In a pituitous Headach Take of the Pills Aloephanginae with Diagrydium one Scruple Rosin of Jalap six Grains with Essence of Amber make Pills Or Take of the Conserve of Rosemary Flowers one Dram Cream of Tartar half a Scruple Golden Sulphur of Antimony five Grains Rosin of Jalap four Grains Make a Bolus 8. Rosemary always ought to be added
proper If it proceed from metallin or mercurial Fumes Cinnabar of Antimony and antimonial Sulphurs ought to be mix'd with human Bones and exhibited in order to procure Sweat The Decoction of Elecampane and Fennel Roots in Wine taken Morning and Evening the Person being cover'd in order to sweat is famous for expelling and correcting Mercury in the Body Leaves of Gold or Medicines partaking of Gold are proper in this case to be given inwardly and an Ointment of Gold may be applied outwardly As for external Remedies Forestus recommends rubbing and washing the Part with fresh Urine In room of which you may use what follows Take of Aqua Articularis for external use three or four Ounces Spirit of Earth-worms an Ounce and a half Spirit of Ants six or eight Drams Essence of Castor three or four Drams mix and bathe the part affected Petrus à Castro orders the part to be frequently fomented with distill'd Water of Nettles The Leaves of an Ash infus'd in Lees are commended If the Trembling be inveterat the natural Bathes or artificial Bathes of a Decoction of Ants ty'd in a Bag are incomparably useful CHAP. III. Of the Diseases in which the Animal Spirits cease to move ART I. Of an Apoplexy WHEN Persons are seiz'd with Apoplexies they are like dead People in every respect except the beating of their Pulse Breathing and the color of their faces If the Respiration be much impair'd the Pulse very low and scarce perceptible and the Person snort and froth at the Mouth 't is a violent Fit If the whole Body be equally seiz'd 't is an universal Apoplexy If only one side of the Head and Body or the Trunk of the Body alone or a particular part by it self be affected while the others are at ease 't is call'd a particular Apoplexy 'T is usual among Writers to refer the Apoplexies of particular Parts to Palsies but indeed these Disorders of particular Members proceeding from internal Causes and call'd by them Paralytic were by the Antients accounted slight Apoplexies Vid. Hip. Sect. 2. Aph. 42. The Cause of Apoplexies may be deriv'd from the failure of the motion of the Animal Spirits either in the Cerebrum or Cerebellum If in the latter the Circulation of the Blood and Motion of the Heart are in a manner quite extinguish'd If the Animal Spirits be hindred to visit the Heart by the Convulsion of its Nerves or such other Causes the same effect will follow These Causes are call'd Privative which do not affect the Spirits immediatly but only prevent their Excursions or withdraw the matter of their Generation as all Obstructions of the Brain a Fall c. The positive Causes are such as stupify the Spirits or render 'em unfit for performing their Office as narcotic Medicines c. A privative Apoplexy is occasion'd by stopping the Circulation of the Blood This is caus'd either by an Obstruction in the Brain imprisoning the Spirits or by the Compression tearing or breaking of the Blood-vessels As when external Violence is us'd an Apoplexy may be caus'd by the Ligature or Compression of the Carotid Arteries and consequently the interruption of the Blood in its Passage to the Brain This Hippocrates understood by his Obstructio Venae it being customary among the Antients to signify by Veins the Arteries and Nerves The other privative Apoplexies proceeding from internal Causes are rather owing to the stoppage of the Blood in the Veins and its subsequent Stagnation in or Distention of the Brain for suppose one of the Carotid Arteries were straiten'd by some internal Cause the other Artery communicating with it would supply the Brain with Blood and so no Apoplexy would insue upon that occasion 'T is the hindrance therefore of the Reflux of the Blood and its subsequent Stagnation that in internal cases distends the Brain straitens its Passages extinguishes the motion of the Animal Spirits and so causes the Apoplexy Sometimes the Blood is so thick and congeal'd that of it self it stops in the Vessels within the Brain without any determination to that effect from the Blood Vessels as in Heart-swooning which is a case not only parallel but near a kin to this it stagnates in the Lungs The Antients deriv'd the cause of an Apoplexy from a Collection of Serum in the Ventricles of the Brain but Anatomical Dissections make it appear that the Brains of Apoplectic Persons are not always molested with any such matter and that several People are who were never seiz'd with an Apoplexy in their Lives It remains therefore to be concluded that the immediat Cause of all Apoplexies is the Abolition either of the motion of the animal Spirits or of the Circulation of the Blood The remote Causes with reference to a defective Circulation of the Blood are sudden Cold excessive Heat gormandizing in a sedentary way of Living washing the Head with warm Water and then exposing it to the Cold Swellings in the Scull suppression of wonted Evacuations of Blood using Dragons Blood after violent Purges immoderat Venery especially in old Age Anger and all turbulent Passions of the Mind With reference to the motion of the animal Spirits the remote Causes of Apoplexies are a Contusion or violent Commotion of the Brain by Thunder Cannon shooting c. any sudden and impetuous Force that drives inwards the Lymph which waters the Cortical part of the Brain Impostumes or any vitious matter lodg'd in the Head all which straiten the Passages of the Brain and Original of the Nerves and so cramp the Spirits that they cannot perform their wonted Office Excessive Drinking may occasion a Prevalency or Redundancy of Serum in the Brain that presses down the Walls of the Passages Accordingly we sometimes meet with great quantities of Serum in dissecting the Heads of such as die of Apoplexies The Small-pox or Scab struck inwards and several other Causes may likewise produce the same effect Upon this account I shall not scruple to admit the distinction of privative Apoplexies into such as are Sanguin and those which are Serous tho a nice Theorist might cavil against it The former kind is apt to invade those whose Blood is thick and prone to congeal the latter for most part seizes old decrepit Catarrhous Constitutions Mercurial and subterranean Vapors not only clog the Spirits but thicken the Blood and so cause a privative Apoplexy As for positive Apoplexies caus'd by an immediat Depravation and Fixation of the Spirits I am of Helmont's Opinion that not only external things but an internal Ferment bred in the Stomac oft-times causes ' em This I am induc'd to believe by these Considerations 1. Vomits sharp Clysters and stomachic Medicines are sovereign Remedies against a positive Apoplexy which is a sign that the Stomac is concern'd 2. The Steams of Coals Smoak of Tobacco and eating ungrateful Food cause Apoplexies Now undoubtedly these affect the mouth of the Stomac most immediatly 3. I remember an instance of a Woman that was seiz'd with a
Intestinum Duodenum and Bowels under the short Ribs is the cause of the grossness thickness and vitious Acidity of the Blood which is the immediat material Cause of Madness The formal Cause is the Spirits which degenerating from their seminal and friendly Complexion become of a sharp saline and as it were sulphureous acid Quality and consequently being too too movable and less capable to be check'd in their ordinary Motions and withal penetrating every where by virtue of their pointed parts they become the Cause of Restlesness Watchings Fury extraordinary Strength c. This Disease is more incident to the Young than Old to Men than to Women but especially to melancolic Constitutions If it proceed from internal Causes it is an Evil of long continuance and of difficult Cure which tho it remit for some Months or Years yet it often leaves Melancoly behind which being easily exasperated returns with fresh Rage and accompanies the Patient till Strength failing through Watchings Fastings and almost perpetual Movings it kindly shuts up their miserable Life In curing this Disease we must endeavour 1. To mitigat the Fury that the Patient may be the easier manag'd and Medicines exhibited 2. To remove the Distemper of the Blood and Spirits The first is excellently perform'd by strong Vomits and frequent Bleeding Preparations from Steel and Lead joined with Anodine Medicines correct the Blood and other Humors as Remedies from Camphyr and Musk do recreat and restore the Spirits The Foundation therefore of the Cure must be laid by administring strong and generous Vomits not only in the beginning but progress of the Disease For this purpose the Antients us'd white Hellebor-roots with excellent success But it ought not to be given in substance Take of white Hellebor-roots from half a Dram to a Dram boil them in Wine till it become soft infuse the Root thus prepar'd in fresh Wine all night in a hot place strain the Liquor or squeeze more or less according to the measure of its desired strength Dose a Dram. Some instead of this use Infusions of Antimonial Emetics but they prove too weak Morcurius Vitae is good Aurum Vitae Kegleri is much commended also the Leaves of Asarabacca but all these must be given in a greater Dose than ordinary As Take of the Conserve of the Leaves of Asarabacca a Dram Pouder of its Roots two Scruples Mercurius Vitae one Grain make a Bolus The Infusion of human Nails is also a strong Emetic surpassing those of Antimony If in the beginning of this Disease Purging is required you may use what I have above prescrib'd for Melancoly chiefly black Hellebor and its Extract the Extractum Melanogogum Quercetani c. to which Antimony Purgative or Mercurius Vitae Laxative ought still to be added As Take of the Essence of black Hellebor a Dram and a half of that of Pimpernel half a Dram Emetic Syrup of Angelus Sala half an Ounce After strong Purgation copious and frequent Bleeding is proper first in the Ancle then in the Arm and Forehead some have been cur'd by opening an Artery Cauterizing and trepaning of the Skull have been successfully used as hath also Salivation by Mercury But while these things are a doing such Alteratives are to be given as may restrain the boiling and wild Motion of the Blood and Spirits and together with these Opiats and sulphureous Minerals and fix'd Anodines and that in a strong Dose Such altering Remedies as we prescrib'd for Melancoly may be us'd here Particularly those from Tartar Steel Lead c. But withal Nitre and its Preparations are not to be neglected As Take purify'd Nitre half a Dram Camphyr eight Grains Mix 'em and make a Pouder Or Take purified Nitre two Scruples Laudanum Opiatum two Grains Make a Pouder We may also use appropriated Specifics such as the Arterious Blood of an Ass Pimpernel with the red Flowers St. John's-wort Fumitory Water-Lilly Borrage Baum Spleen-wort the Herb True-love Polypody of the Oak to all which Camphyr may be added As Take a clean Linen Rag of a hands length and breadth dip'd in Asses Blood infuse it in a sufficient quantity of Water of St. John's-wort to two Ounces of the strain'd Infusion add Essence of Pimpernel half a Dram Laudanum Opiatum about a Grain Or Take the Leaves of True-love together with the Berries two handfuls Leaves of red flower'd Pimpernel Flowers of St. John's-wort of each an handful Roots of Polypody of the Oak an Ounce small Raisins bruis'd two Ounces boil these in a sufficient quantity of Whey to three pounds of the strain'd Decoction add Essence of Pimpernel an Ounce and a half Mix them Or Take leaves of Baum cut small an handful infuse 'em in four Ounces of Spirit of Wine add half a Dram of prepar'd Pearls Dose two Spoonfuls to be repeated every day The Epitheme prescrib'd for Melancoly may also be us'd here Or Take of Musk twelve Grains Camphyr a Scruple Red-rose-water impregnated with the Tincture of red Saunders fifteen Ounces In this Mixture dip several Folds of Linen Cloth to be apply'd to the shav'd Head and Temples wetting the Cloth as it dries for twenty four hours space or anoint with the following Liniment Take of the Sleep-causing Ointment two Drams distill'd Oil of Camphyr a Scruple Musk half a Scruple Saffron eight Grains Mix ' em Or Take Rose-water or Juice of River-Crabs ten Ounces Opium half a Dram Saffron half a Scruple make an Epitheme for the Forehead and Temples ART IV. Of Deliriums from an external Cause THIS Cause for the most part is the biting of some other Creature enrag'd with Anger or taken with Madness As in the case of a Canina Rabies which is so called because 't is oftenest occasioned by the biting of a mad Dog tho the Infection may be deriv'd from any other Creature For if any Creature chaf'd with Anger bites another 't will cause either Madness or a very malignant and dangerous Wound These things relating to this Disease are most worthy our Observation viz. 1. The manner of Infection which may be by the slightest bite or hurt of the mad Creature or even the least touch of its Spittle 2. A Hydrophobia or the fear of Water and other liquid things accompanies this Distemper 3. The malign Contagion lies hid and as it were asleep in the Body sometimes two three or as some say thirteen or twenty years 4. In the Spittle and Urine of rabid Animals are often seen other small Creatures resembling the Form of the first Authors of their Madness And lastly the infected Creature exactly imitates the Actions and Meen of that which gave the Contagion The Cause of this Disease consists in a certain peculiar Ferment which affecting first the Spirits and then the Blood do's in some sort assimilat 'em to those of the furious Creature This Ferment is carried along with the Saliva into the Wound It is of importance to know whether the Creature by which a Man has been bitten be
Spirit of Vitriol Sugar of Lead the Powder of Blood-stone mix'd with Vinegar or the Juice of Pomgranats the Vitriol of Steel mix'd with Sugar of Lead Hartman's Astringent Extract of Steel given to nine Grains the Spaw-waters or in want of them the solar Liquor of steel and above all the Tincture of the Sulphur of Vitriol prepar'd thus Take of the Native Genuin Vitriol of Steel that 's void of all Copper and dissolve it in Water if the Vitriol be not genuin put the filings of Steel into the Water and 't will precipitat the Copper and then the strain'd Liquor being thicken'd will yield the genuin Vitriol of Steel when the Vitriol is dissolv'd in Water pour into it the Oyl of Tartar per Deliquium or the Lie of the Salt of Tartar and 't will precipitat an Astringent Crocus of Steel which ought to be frequently dulcifi'd with Water and dry'd then dissolv'd in the Spirit of Nitre and after the Spirit of Nitre is drawn off the Caput Mortuum digested with rectin'd Spirit of Wine gives the Tincture which is of admirable use against all Bleedings Its Dose is thirty or forty Drops in a convenient Vehicle The Animal Province affords us burnt Hartshorn Unicorn's-Horn the Powder of green Frogs the Water of Frogs spawn Crollius's Sperniola given to fifteen Grains the Juice of Asses and Hog's Dung mix'd with the Juice of Nettles or with Sugar in the form of a Syrrup or their Powders with the Powder of the Dung of a Dog that 's wont to gnaw Bones and the Powder of the Blood that comes forth in Bleeding it being dry'd and given to a Dram in some proper Vehicle The Forms of Recipe's are as follows Take of the Extract of Flowers viz. of Red Roses Red Poppies and Dasies infus'd in Water in order to be strain'd or thicken'd for an Extract three drams Ivory and Sea-Horse-Teeth of each half a dram prepar'd red Coral a dram prepar'd Blood-stone two scruples with the Syrup of Red Poppies make an Electuary for allaying the Heaâ— and Turgescence of the Blood Take of the Pulp of Raisins three ounces choice Rhubarb and prepar'd Red Coral of each a dram and a half Ivory prepar'd without Fire a dram Sea-Horse-Teeth half a Dram Extract of Steel prepar'd with the Juice of Apples three Drams With the Syrup of Red Roses make an Electuary Of which take the quantity of a Nutmeg Morning and Evening for correcting the serosity of the Blood Take of Plantan Water three Ounces Cinnamon-water three Drams Vinegar of Wine half an Ounce Astringent Crocus of Steel half a dram seal'd Earth a scruple Laudanum Opiatum three grains Syrup of Myrtles three drams Mix and exhibit a spoonful or two frequently for correcting the sharpness of the Blood and Humours For the Bleedings in Malignant Feavers we add Alexipharmacal Ingredients If a Bleeding be causâ—d by Cantharides we exhibit Milk and the Decoctions of Raisins Isinglass and Misletoe of the Oak with Gum Arabic Tragacanth c. Take of the Juice of Fresh-Asses Dung Syrup of Purslain and that of Myrtle-Berries of each half an Ounce Plantan Water an Ounce Mix for a Draught After the Bleeding is thus stopp'd we exhibit such Medicines as dissolve and evacuat clotted Blood especially if it proceeded from an internal part In the mean while we use likewise external Medicins viz. Such as either cement the Vessels by their gluy Vertue as the Whites of Eggs Mastic Aloe Beans and a living Pigeon or Hen cut up and applied to the Part whose Blood curdles upon the orifice of the Vessels and shuts 'em or such as wring the Vessels by their austerity or imbibe the Blood and stick close to the Orifices of the former sort are Vitriol Vinegar c. Of the latter are Bole Armenic seal'd Earth Allum Potters-Clay mix'd with Vinegar c. In general the French Styptic Liquor which is nothing else but the solution of Allum and half its quantity of the Vitriol of Steel in a proper Vehicle and Tulpius's compound Powder of Bole Armenic Quicklime burnt Vitriol burnt Allum Blood-stone Aloes Dragons Blood Lemnian Earth Crocus of Steel Mummy Mastic and â—rankincense these I say are generally approv'd for external use in all Bleedings ART 1. Of Bleeding at the Nose and Gums THE small Arteries inserted into the Membrane of the Nostrils are liable to frequent Bleedings as being relaxated by prevailing moisture The Symptoms and Causes of this Bleeding are related above If it be very copious and unwonted or unseasonable it prognosticates the Disorders of the Spirits in Acute Diseases especially about the height 't is an ill Omen but in the beginning of the small Pox or when it follows a Deafness after the height of a Feaver 't is not ill In the Disorders of the Liver or Spleen if the Nostril of the same side with the Part affâ—cted void Blood 't is well if that of the opposite side 't is a bad Symptom according to Hippocrates In regulating the Method of Cure we must have a particular regard to the various Causes viz. the redundancy turgescence serosity or sharpness of the Blood and single out proper Medicines according to the Directions given for Bleedings in general To which we shall only add this one Observation that in habitual Bleedings at Nose fresh Mint or its Juice taken frequently is of singular use Externally we endeavour to divert and appease the Spirits to curb the turgescence of the Blood and to shut the Orifices of the Vessels For compassing the first Design we use painful Ligatures Frights Caustics appli'd to the remote parts cold things suddenly apply'd to the Scrotum or Breast a dry'd Toad hung under the Armpits or tied to the Forehead or its Powder applied to the Nostrils a Blood-stone or genuin Jasper held in the Hand 'till it become warm Ash-wood applied to the Nostrils c. For the second end we sometimes Bleed by way of Revulsion and Derivation or apply scarifying Cupping-Glasses to the Neck or to the Calf of the Leg those which the Antients order'd for the Liver and Spleen being very dangerous and of no use Cataplasms of Fullers Earth and Vinegar and Epithema's of the Juice of House-leek Vinegar Nitre and Camphyr or of Soot Vinegar and the Whites of Eggs or of Allum Frogs Spawn and Vinegar being applied to the Fore-head Temples Crown of the Head Nape of the Neck Scrotum in Men and the Breasts in Women are of admirable efficacy for appeasing the tumultuous Motions of the Blood As for the third Indication of shutting the Orifices of the Vessels we blow into the Nostrils the Powder of Allum or Vitriol mix'd with Painters Lac or apply it with a Tent dipp'd into the White of an Egg or into the Juice of Hoggs-Dung mix'd with Juice of Plantan The Powder of Hoggs-Dung and that of Toads are very proper for the same use as likewise the Phlegm of Vitriol writing Ink the Tincture of the Sulphur of Vitriol Soot taken from the
Make a square Plaister to be applied to the Loyns Take the expres'd Juice of ten River Crabs boyl'd in Milk and add to it three ounces of the Crum of white Bread three yelks of Eggs an ounce of Butter an ounce of the Oyl of Chamomil and half a scruple of Saffron Mix all for a Cataplasm to be applied to the Loyns for allaying the excessive heat of the Kidneys While these Prescriptions are in use 't will be requisite to look out for internal Med'cines In the beginning gentle Laxatives are useful They ought to be mix'd with the meekest Diuretics As Take of Tartar Vitriolat fifteen grains Salt of Broom three or four grains Scammony prepar'd with the Juice of Roses three grains distill'd Oyl of Turpentin a drop Make a Powder to be exhibited in the beginning of the Paroxysm Or Take of Turpentin a dram Rhubarb in Powder two scruples prepar'd Amber half a dram Cinnamon half a scruple with the Oyl of Turpentin make Pills for a few Doses Note Turpentin is both a Laxative and a Diuretic and upon that account highly useful in this case The Emulsions of Violet-seeds with Speedwell-water mix'd with Crabs Eyes are also very proper for the same purposes The first Passages being clear'd we exhibit such Medicins as mitigat the Pain and allay the sharpness of the Humours with gentle Diuretics Thus the Elixir of Juniper mix'd with the Essence of Opium and exhibited by Spoonfuls The Oyl of sweet Almonds mix'd with Pearch Stones and the Syrup of Mash-mallows And the Emulsions temperat Seeds are very proper In general Narcotics are very serviceable not only by allaying the Pain but by procuring Sleep and so strengthening the Spirits in order to the expulsion of the Stone To these we add the gentle and easie Diuretics As Take of prepar'd Crabs Eyes Sperma Ceti of each a scruple volatil Salt of Amber five grains Laudanum Opiatum two grains Make a Powder Sometimes we add Cinnabar of Antimony for preventing or removing the Convulsion of the internal parts Take twelve living Wood-Lice bruise 'em with two drams of the sharpest Tincture of Tartar then strain it and add a scruple of the Essence of Opium Dose thirty or forty drops The Tincture of the Balsam of Peru or that of Capivi are likewise very proper Take of the extract of Acorus sixteen grains Castor four grains Hysteric Laudanum six grains with the Oyl of Turpentin make Pills to be exhibited when a Vomiting and Hiccough attend the Stone in the Kidneys Take of the Water of Strawberries and Winter Cherries of each an ounce and a half Cinnamon-water three drams Crabs Eyes two scruples Egg-shells calcin'd a scruple purify'd Nitre half a dram Laudanum Opiatum two or three grains Syrup of Marsh-mallows half an ounce Make a Potion Take of prepar'd red Coral and Pearch Stones of each fourteen grains Diaphoretic Gold twelve grains Camphyr three grains Make a Powder for two Doses Take of Marshmallows-roots an ounce Liquorice-roots two drams Mallows one handful Violet-seeds half an ounce Boyl them in Barley-water To two pound of the strain'd Decoction add of the Syrup of Poppies two ounces prepar'd Crab's Eyes a dram Mix c. Sometimes we add Juniper-berries Carrot-seeds St. Johns-wort-seed c. Forestus's diuretic Decoction is much approv'd As also the decoction of Chamomil-flowers or that of Water-lillies In every draught of such Decoctions 't is customary to add a few drops of the Spirit of Nitre or of a mixture of the Spirit of Salt with the volatil Salt of Amber When the Symptoms attending the Fit begin to relent we must have recourse to strong sharp Diuretics such are the Juice of Radishes given to two ounces with Spanish Wine the Roots and Leaves of Horse-radishes infus'd in Wine or a Spirit distill'd from Wine in which Roots or Leaves of Horse-Radishes have been infus'd in a Cellar for fourteen Days together the Essence of Restharrow Burdock-seeds the Infusion of Ground-Ivy dry'd and Garlic Heads in the Spirit of Wine or that of Juniper-berries an Electuary of the Rob of Juniper and St. Johns-wort-seeds which when bruis'd smell like Turpentin and consequently must needs be serviceable both for cleansing the Veins and preserving their ferment by its balmy virtue Carrot-seeds infus'd in fermenting Ale The distill'd Oyl and volatil Salt of Ash-tree-seeds or the following Oyl Take of the inner rindes of Ash-tree-roots two pound fresh Juniper-berries three pound Turpentin a pound and a half Mix 'em with the Turpentin and digest all for the space of three Months in twelve pound of Water Then distill an admirable Diuretic Oyl Dose eight or ten drops in white Wine The Juice of the tendrels of the Birch-tree gather'd in March is of excellent use if drank like Spaw-waters As also the Water distill'd from Arsmart and frequently cohobated the Decoctions of the Indian Nephritic Wood the Gum of the Cherry-tree form'd into Pills or dissolv'd in Wine and the Nephritic Essences or Spirits of Winter Cherries Juniper-berries c. Timaeus recommends the Juice of the wild Tansey gather'd in May before the Sun-rising and that of green Rye mixt with red Wine To these we add the volatil Salt of Amber the Salt of Urine Nitre Spirit of Nitre and all nitrous Salts especially that of Pigeons Dung or the infusion of Pigeons Dung in Vinegar mix'd with Hony or the following Salt Take Nitre well fix'd and expose it to the Air. 'T will melt to the consistence of Pap. Then mix it with an equal quantity of the red Oyl of Vitriol When their Ebullition ceases draw off the Liquor with a strong Fire and 't will leave a white Salt of admirable efficacy against the Stone The Mineral and Animal Stones are likewise recommended in this case especially Nephritic Stones Crabs Eyes Pearch or Carp Stones the shells of Eggs especially Estrich Eggs. They are not directly Diuretic but they drink up the Acid that gathers the Stone and if dissolv'd in the compound Spirit of Salt are converted into a third Concrete that proves an admirable Diuretic The Lye of the calcin'd Eggshells the lixivious Salt of Quick-lime calcin'd with Sal-Armoniac are also much approv'd The decoction of Quick-lime in Water being strain'd and congeal'd yields a fix'd Salt which is either us'd in Powder or infus'd in rectify'd Spirits to which it gives a notable red Tincture that 's much commended Helvetius boyl'd Quick-lime in Vinegar and evaporated the decanted Decoction The remaining Salt he made red hot in a Crucible and extracted a notable nephritic Tincture with Spirit of Wine The Spirit of putrify'd Earth-worms is also a proper Diuretic or the Powder of Scorpions first wash'd then infus'd alive in Spanish Wine for 24 Hours and then bak'd in an Oven in a Pot cover'd with Sage leaves their Dose is four or five grains in a potch'd Egg. If the Wings Head and Feet of Crickets be lop'd off and its Body be macerated in Parsley-water 't will become a milky Liquor that 's very Diuretic
the Inflammation of the Blood in a Headach or Feaver and in that case vanish upon bleeding at the Nose Or by a Catarrh or Translation of morbific Matter as in the Declension of Feavers c. If a Tingling in the Ears accompany other Distempers it affords the same Prognostics as Deafness If it subsist by it self it is not very dangerous unless it be inveterat in which case it proves a Forerunner of an Apoplexy If it proceed from frequent Blows it terminates in a total Privation of Hearing The Cure is perform'd by the same Medicines as above-mention'd especially Fumigations and the Application of Aromatic Spirits and Oils Take of the Leaves and Flowers of Chamomil one handful Dill or Sage Marjoram Rosemary of each half a handful Millet Seeds tosted one Ounce drv'd Salt half an Ounce chop them small and make a quilted Bag to be applied warm to the Ear. The Vapor of new Bread from the Oven with Cumin Seeds Fennel Seeds Aniseeds Origanum Mother of Thyme and Bay-Berries fermented and bak'd with it is sometimes useful but not always The Oil of Oak-worms above prescrib'd or express'd Oil of Peach Seeds with Peach Flowers infus'd in it are very proper Or Take of white Hellebor and Castor of each two Drams sweet Costus a Dram and a half Rue two Scruples Euphorbium half a Dram Oil of Bitter Almonds or Peach Seeds one Ounce Boil them gently in a sufficient quantity of Oil of Rue and apply it to the Ear with Cotton Or Take of the Roots of white Hellebor three Drams Bay-leaves and Rue of each half a handful Ash-leaves one handful Boil them in Oil of Bitter Almonds or of Nut's with White or Spanish Wine till the Wine be consum'd Express the Oil and apply it to the Ear. Or infuse the Simples in Spirit of Wine and extract and Essence for the same purpose Fumigation from a Decoction of Mustard-seeds in Wine is commended In a pituitous Constitution apply what follows Take of the Oil of Henbane and of Rue of each half a Dram distil'd Oil of Marjoram half a Scruple Castor six Grains Saffron four Grains Mix c. If it proceed from a Fall Contusion or external Violence take a Spoonful of the Spirit of Scurvy-grass and half a Spoonful of fresh Juice of Onyons and four or five Drops of distill'd Oil of Spike Mix and drop it into the Ear. In Plethoric and young Persons 't is not amiss to breathe a Vein in the Arm and exhibit some mild sneezing Medicines If it come by Fits follow the Course prescrib'd above If it attack Hypochondriac Persons it generally proceeds from the Disorders of the Stomac and lower Belly and is cur'd by Chalybeats Carminatives and volatil urinous Salts together with the usual Specifics CHAP. III. Of the Sense of Feeling and the Disorders 't is obnoxious to THE third Sense is that of Feeling occasion'd by the Influence of external Objects upon the nervous Glandules seated in the Skin 'T is true the nervous Fibres within the Body that are not glandulous are deeply sensible of the lightest touch but their Sense is painful and preternatural whereas that of the Glandules is equal and agreeable to Nature Upon which account Feeling is their peculiar Property and the Liver which has no Nerves or nervous Glandules is destitute of that Sense This Sense is quite extinguish'd in Apoplexies Palsies and stupifying Diseases Of which more in their proper places The most remarkable Depravation of the Sense of Feeling is what we call Pain that is when the Object makes such a sensible Impression upon the Organ as to provoke the Animal Spirits to irregular Motions and disturb the repose of the nervous Fibres which readily impart their Disorder to the Brain It may be call'd a convulsive Motion of the Fibres and Experience teaches us that Convulsions and Pain are reciprocal Causes to one another ART I. Of Pain in general THE remote Causes of Pain are innumerable for every particular Object has a peculiar way of affecting the Nerves The external Causes are manifest The internal Causes are generally the Offspring of vicious Acids which partake of sharp and stiff Parts that are apt to make painful Impressions upon the nervous Fibres This Acid for the most part owes its being to some defect in the Stomac and first Passages and varies the Nature of the Pain according to its changeable Circumstances If a volatil sharp Acid be join'd to a viscid Vehicle it takes deep rooting in the Part and creates immoveable Aches as in Venereal and Colis Pains If the Acid be more gentle and join'd to a thin Vehicle it produces a fluctuating Pain If it proceed from a particular defect in the Part affected 't is apt to recur and cause Relapses According as this Acid is dispos'd the Pain is either continu'd or intermitting it either observes set Periods or attacks indifferently in all Seasons And sometimes it causes Swellings by contracting the Fibres and straitning the Pores of the Part so as to put a stop to the Circulation of the Blood In order to form a distinct Idea of Pain I shall divide it into ten sorts The first is a weighty burdensom Pain arising from a Collection of insipid or viscid Matter lodg'd in a less sensible Part as the Swelling of the Liver 2. A pungent Pain arifing from a sharp pricking Acid in a membranous part as in a Pleurisy 3. A pointed penetrating Pain resembling the Sense of a Hole made by an Aul proceeding from a viscid Matter that partakes of Acidity As in St. Anthony's Fire and Arthritic Pains 4. A beating Pain which generally keeps pace with the Pulse of the Artery It proceeds from a violent Distention of the Fibres which are exasperated by the Incursion of the Blood as in Headaches or when ones Finger is prick'd by a Thorn c. 5. A breaking Pain peculiar to the Periostium resembling the breaking of the Bone 'T is produc'd by a sharp Acid lodg'd in a tenacious Matter as in Venereal Cases 6. A rending or distending Pain The former is peculiar to Hypochondriac Persons and Parts that have no exquisit Sense but are invested with a sensitive Membrane The latter is caus'd by Wilid or any thing that overcharges the Part and stretches the surrounding Membran 7. A tearing Pain peculiar to the Membranes and frequent in scorbutic Cases 8. A burning Pain peculiar to Fibres and Membranes arising from a volatil Acid and the boiling of the Humors within the Part. 9. A stupid chilly Pain And 10. A biting gnawing Pain If Pains be accompany'd by an intermitting Pulse 't is no just Cause of Fear for when the former disappears the latter returns to its wonted Order There are three sorts of Medicines made use of for Pains 1. All Alcali's apt to destroy a prevailing Acid As Wormwood Dill Elder Mint Chamomile Bay-leaves Pellitory of the Wall and the other softening Herbs Fumigations with Amber or the Spirit of Amber both inwardly and outwardly
Antimony volatil Salt of Hartshorn or of Vipers Spirit of Sal Armoniac Volatil Spirit of Tartar and the Decoction of Sudorific Woods Antiscorbutics ought to be mix'd with ' em External Medicines ought not to be applied till the Paroxysm have arrived at its height In a hot Gout attended by Inflammations take Quick Lime and Sal Armoniac pour Spirit of Wine upon 'em and distil adding to the distill'd Spirit a little Camphyr Apply it to the Part. Or Take of Aqua Articularis ad extra two Ounces Spirit of Worms an Ounce Spirit of Sal Armoniac three Drams mix and use as above Or Take a sufficient quantity of Elder Flowers beaten put 'em into a new earthen Vessel so that the Vessel may be full stop it close and set it under ground till the Flowers be converted into a Liquor to be applied hot with a Cloth Mullen Flowers Henbane Flowers may be boil'd in Milk or the Leaves of Valerian or Burdock may be applied to the Part with good Success Or Take of the Crums of white Bread three Ounces Pouder of Marshmallow Roots one Ounce Flowers of Chamomile Meal of Beans half an Ounce Meal of Linseeds and Fenugrec of each three Drams Boil them in a sufficient quantity of Milk to the Consistency of a Pultise then add of Vnguentum Anodynum an Ounce Balsam of Soap two Drams with the Yelk of one Egg make a Cataplasm The Lean of Beef applied to the Part and chang'd Morning and Evening is much commended Human Dung and Urine are likewise proper Or Take of Ox Dung one Pound Rose-water and Water of Speedwel of each two Ounces the Yelk of an Egg beaten up with a little Allum Saffron a Dram Camphyr a Scruple Mix. The Plaister of Frogs Spawn with a large quantity of Sugar of Lead or Tachenius's Plaister de Alcalibus with Camphyr are proper All oily things ought to be avoided and the Cataplasins or Plaisters frequently renew'd If the Gout be cold Spirit of Sal Armoniac prepar'd with Quicklime and Spirit of Urine may be applied Or Take of Venice Soap an Ounce and a half Camphyr six Drams Castor half a Dram. Dissolve in a sufficient quantity of Spirit of Earth Worms Apply with a Feather to the Parts affected The Oil of Soap or the Roots of black Hellebor boil'd in Rock Oil or Balsam of Peru mix'd with the Yelk of an Egg and Spirit of Worms or Tacamahac mix'd with Oil of Amber or Mysinchtus his Diaphoretic Plaister mix'd with Triacle and stinking Oil of Tartar or Triacle mix'd with Spirit of Salt Armoniac are all much esteem'd in this case Blistering Plaisters ought to be cautiously us'd In a cold Gout perhaps they are not amiss If the Pains are follow'd by Nodes or hard Swellings apply Spirit of Quick Lime or old Cheese with the Decoction of Pork or a thin plate of Lead to the part The Cure of the Sciatica differs in some things from that of other arthritic pains In this Leeches applied to the Hemorrhoid Veins are very useful after which inject sharp Clysters as Take one Coloquintida Apple and divide it into four equal parts Tie one part in a Bag and boil it in Wine and Child's Urine of each a Pint adding a handful of Honey-suckles till two thirds be consumed Inject it for a Clyster Vomits and strong Purges are more allowable in the beginning of a Sciatica than of the other sorts And in the progress of the Disease Troches Alhandal and sweet Mercury are safely given As for external Remedies the following Cerecloth is equall'd by none Take of Pitch four Ounces Turpentine half an Ounce Mastic Amber of each two Drams Brimstone in Pouder half an Ounce make a Cerecloth I cured the Sciatica in a young Gentleman by this Method He being plethoric I first ordered a Vein to be opened then I prescribed thus Take of Diaphoretic Antimony Chalybeat Bezoar of each half a Scruple Diaphoretic Gold five Grains make a Pouder to be frequently repeated Take of the Waters of Mother of Thyme of Mint and Elder Flowers of each one Ounce Spirit of Sal Armoniac a Dram and a half prepar'd human Bones two Scruples Diaphoretic Antimony a Scruple Laudanum Opiatum three Grains Syrup of Carduus Benedictus six Drams Mix and give it by Spoonfuls Take of the Spirit of Sal Armoniac Liquor of Hartshorn with Amber of each a Dram and a half Mix and reserve for use Externally I applied the above-mention'd Cerecloth for some days then I order'd the part to be rubb'd and fomented with the following Mixtures Take of Aqua Articularis ad extra an Ounce and a half Spirit of Salt Armoniac prepar'd with Quick-lime six Drams Mix c. Take of Aqua Articularis ad extra two Ounces Spirit of Juniper-berries one Ounce Balsam of Peru dissolv'd with the Yelk of an Egg three Drams Mix. Cataplasms of Antiscorbutic Herbs boil'd in Wine and bathing in Wine or in the Decoction of Ants in Wine are much commended If after the Paroxysm there remain a Swelling 't is proper to fumigate the part with Wormwood Rocket and Mugwort boil'd in Wine and Water or to apply the Nurimberg Plaister The Decoctions of Aromatic Vegetables in Wine are good for strengthning the Joints If there remain a Weakness in the Joints without any Swelling let Issues be cut in several parts of the Body And indeed an Issue in the Groin is not improper Thus much for what is proper to be done in the Paroxysms It remains now briefly to point out the Method of preventing them The vicious Acid must be carefully rooted out of the Stomac by the use of Mercurial and Antimonial Preparations and a regular Diet. Those who are meagre and can easily digest Milk may confine themselves to a Milk Diet. Vomits are absolutely necessary Turbith Mineral sweet Mercury black Hellebor and Coloquyntida are much used Gentle Purges and such as regard the Stomac are best Sweat ought to be frequently procur'd by the use of Diaphoretic Antimony Antichecticum Poterii Antimonial Sulphurs and urinous Sudorifics Next are Diuretics which are of excellent use in preventing the Gout As Spirit of Sal Armoniac of Worms of Hartshorn c. or the greazy Stagflies or Take of prepar'd Crabs Eyes two Scruples prepar'd red Coral a Scruple Volatil Salt of Amber fifteen Grains Mix for three Doses As for Alteratives Aromatic Volatil Medicines are proper As Take of the Roots of Elecampane Pyony and Avens of each six Drams China Roots one Ounce Of the Herbs Sage Baum Germander Ground-pine of each a handful Rosemary tops two handfuls Juniper-berries an Ounce and a half Galangal Ginger Cinnamon of each two Drams Salt of Tartar from three to four Drams Tie them in a Bag to be infus'd in Wine Or Take of the Herbs Germander and Strawberry of each a handful and a half Rest Harrow Flowers of St. John's Wort of each a handful Bryony Roots an Ounce and a half Sarsaperilla one Ounce Nephritic Wood three Ounces
fresh Juniper Berries half a Pound Aromatic Costus three Drams tie them in a Bag to be put into fermenting Ale A Salivation may be attempted before the Disease be confirmed but afterwards 't is dangerous 'T is usual also to make Washes for the Feet As Take of Juniper Berries half a Pound of the Herb Rosemary six handfuls Mother of Thyme and Marjoram or Sage of each two handfuls Boil them in Lees and bathe the Feet at Night going to Bed CHAP. IV. Of the Disorders of the Sense of Tasting THE Nerves of the Tongue terminat in a great many Glandules dispers'd along its Surface which are endow'd with such a peculiar Texture as to be sensible of the various Impressions of the minutest saline Particles according to their respective Circumstances in which consists the sense of Taste This Sense is extinguish'd or render'd dull by the misplacing of the Nerves of the Tongue the relaxation of its Fibres sharp Defluxions or Paralytic and Apoplectic Diseases 'T is sometimes vitiated and counterfeits false Tastes by virtue of the Depravation of the Spittle as in Scorbutic Hypochondriac and Catarrhous Cases or those of a Jaundice or internal Ulcers This Depravation is cur'd by taking a Vomit drinking Whey with Juice of Citrons or mineral Spirits and removing the principal Cause In case of an Abolition or Flatness Aromatic and Cephalic Medicines are proper Horse-Radish Roots chew'd in the mouth or the Juice of Sorrel and Purslain us'd by way of Gargal are of noted virtue for restoring the Taste If the Muscles of the Windpipe or the recurrent Nerves are seiz'd with a Palsy or Convulsions there insues an Aphonia or want of Voice which if attended by a Hick-cough is very dangerous In the Method of curing an Aphonia the remote causes which occasion the relaxation or contraction of the Muscles or Nerves must be taken care of Internally give the Spirit of Sal Armoniac or of Hartshorn with Castor or Amber In an inveterat Palsy the Decoction of Sudorific Woods is very proper Sometimes 't is convenient to procure a Salivation by chewing For external Use apply to the Neck a Bag of aromatic Ingredients sprinkl'd with Spirit of Wine or bathe it with the Essence of Castor Spirit of Worms or of Ants or the distill'd Oils of Amber Lavender Rue Juniper mix'd with Triacle or Balsam of Peru. After a fit of an Apoplexy give what follows Take of the Herbs Sage and Rosemary of each a handful Rocket-seeds two drams boil them in a sufficient quantity of simple Water in a close Vessel To a Pint of the strain'd Liquor add Spirit of Black Cherries six Drams Spirit of Sal armoniack a Dram Hony of Rosemary Flowers one Ounce mix for a Gargal 'T is proper to open a Vein under the Tongue if the Circumstances of the Patient admit of it Sometimes the Muscles of the Windpipe are in good order and the Voice remains but cannot be form'd into an articulat Sound or Speech by reason of the Paralytic or Apoplectic Disorders of the Tongue In this case Take of the Herbs Rosemary Marjoram Sage of each a handful Roots of Pellitory of Spain half an Ounce Rocket-seeds or Mustard-seeds two or three Drams Cloves a Dram boil them in a close Vessel in Water To a pint of the strain'd Liquor add Spirit of Juniper Berries or of Black Cherries from six Drams to an Ounce and a half Spirit of Sal-armoniac prepar'd with Quick-lime or with Cloves from a Dram to a Dram and a half Hony of Rosemary Flowers from six Drams to an Ounce make a Gargal Or Take of Sage Hyssop Acorus of each a handful boil them in Water Strain the Liquor and add an Ounce of Oxymel of Squills Mix for a Gargal Take of Rocket-seeds Squills Onyons Smallage of each half a Dram Ginger Pepper Cinnamom and Nutmegs of each a Dram Of the Pouders Diambra Diamoschus dulcis and Dianthos of each two Scruples With a sufficient quantity of Aqua Vitae make a Mixture and anoint the Tongue and Palat. The Essence of Castor or Castor it self applied to the bridle of the Tongue is very useful especially for the stuttering of Children The distill'd Oils of Cloves or Aniseeds or Amber the Cephalic Spirit of Vitriol or Spirit of Black Cherries or Spirit of Triacle with Camphyr c. are all very proper As Take of Mithridat three Drams Extract of Castor half a Dram distill'd Oils of Lavender Amber and Aniseeds of each four drops mix and rub the Tongue Take of Mithridat three ounces candy'd Roots of Acorus an ounce Ginger Nutmegs of each two drams Volatil Salt of Amber a dram Mix all together in a Mortar and add of the Juice of Sage clarify'd an ounce and scum'd Hony as much as sufficeth to make an Electuary which sprinkle with distill'd Oil of Aniseeds or Amber rub the Tongue frequently with it and lay about the bigness of a Nutmeg upon it to be swallow'd down by degrees If old People are seiz'd with a difficulty of Speech exhibit every Morning and Evening an ounce of the Essence of Lavender Flowers infus'd in Spirit of Wine A Cataplasm of Lees with Amber or Oil of Amber and other Cephalic Ingredients may be applied to the top of the Head with good success CHAP. V. Of the Disorders of the sense of Smelling THE Organ of Smelling is the Membrane plac'd near to the sieve-like Bone above the Nostrils which is variously affected by the different Textures of the sulphurous Particles that proceed from external Objects This Sense is abolish'd or impair'd by the Apoplectic Paralytic and Convulsive Disorders of the Spirits by the obstruction of the Passages or Compression of the nervous Filaments that reach to the Nostrils and by the relaxation of the Membrane which may be occasion'd internally by copious Defluxious and externally by the forcible Impressions of odoriferous or sneezing things If it proceed from this last Cause 't is almost incurable As for the Cure The Disorders of the Spirits ought to be redress'd the Defluxions prevented and external offending Objects remov'd betimes The Medicines that are proper for these different purposes are recounted elsewhere Marjoram and Fennel Flowers are two noted Specifics in this case The Extract or Essence of Marjoram mix'd with the Oils or Essences of Penny Royal and Rosemary may be taken inwardly from eight grains to half a scruple Take of the Oils of Fennel-flower and of Orris of each half a dram distill'd Oil of Marjoram half a scruple Apply it to the inner side of the Nostrils 't is admirable in the case of an Obstruction or Catarrh Or Take of Marjoram and Fennel-flower-seeds each two drams sprinkle 'em with some drops of distill'd Oil of Marjoram or of Aniseeds and according to Art make a little Bag for the Nostrils Take of Fennel-flower-seeds infus'd in strong Vinegar and afterwards dried Rue Fumitory and Castor of each a dram reduce them to a fine Pouder and with Child's Urine beat it up into the