Blood is when Nutrition is hindered there is a corruption of both when their qualities are changed So when the Air is infected in time of Pestilence it begets Leipothymia and Syncope as also stinking vapors and sweet also do the same with some Women and the blood is corrupted from evil meats Too great Evacuations whether sensible or insensible do disperse the Spirits The sensible are chiefly of Blood from the Mouth Nose Womb Belly Hemorrhoids Phlebotomy and great Wounds and next of other Humors which though they are Excrementitious yet because of their great Evacuation the Spirits are much dispersed and cause a Syncope These Humors are discharged by Vomit Stool Urine Sweat the opening of a great Imposthume especially if it be inward as an Empyema or outward as in a Dropsie when the Navil is tapped The insensible Evacuations are by the Rarifaction of the Skin and by the acrimony and thinness of the Humors immoderate heat hot Baths or Houses great Labors Also long watchings and fasting Lechery great anger and joy long and violent sickness do dissipate the Spirits as also great pain of the Heart Stomach Guts Reins Ears Teeth and of all Nervous parts An evil disposition of the Bowels doth alter and corrupt the Spirits and whatsoever doth procure a malignant quality which is adverse to the Heart as Air Stinks venemous and pestilential taken in by the Breath or bred in the Body from putrifaction of Humors as also poyson taken in or applied outward or sent to the Heart by biting of venemous Creatures Lastly The vehement returning of blood and Spirits to the Heart and an abundance of evil vapors gathered about the Heart and the parts adjacent and too much cold and thick blood gathered about the Heart and its Veins Arteries and parts adjacent do suffocate and destroy the Spirits We lately saw a Noble Lady a Virgin which from her Infancy was subject to this Disease that with every light passion of the mind she was taken therwith taken with a violent Syncope which ushered death in by a sudden return of blood and Spirits to her heart for when she should have been married to a fine yong man which loved her deerly and her Parents Friends and Kindred were solemnly met about it they gave her a Pen to write her hand to the Contract but she having not fully written her name fel down dead upon the ground Hence we easily conjecture that there was a great and sudden retraction of the Blood and Spirits to the Heart by a vehement passion of the mind which choaked the Natural heat and the Spirits therein of which she died suddenly Petrus Salius Diversus saw as he reporteth Lib. de aff part cap. 4. a Girle of fourteen years old fal into a Syncope from abundance of cold and thick blood garhered about her heart and the great vessels for having for a whol day a heaviness of head with giddiness and disturbance she died the next day after suddenly After being opened the blood appeared so congealed in the great Artay and Vena Cava or hollow Vein that taking it by the end you might draw it out like a Sword from a Scabbard Wherefore we judged That the sudden death came from the interception and stopping of the Veins by congealed blood This happeneth seldom for you shal seldom see blood in dead bodies so congealed for the veins have such a property to retain blood that even after death they keep it thin though without them it growth alwayes thick But Salius gives the Reason of this Congealation by comparing it with blood without the Vessels which as soon as it is cold is congealed and the sooner from the coldness thickness and slyminess of the Melanchollick or Phlegmatick humor therein contained Somthing like to this may be-sal blood constrained in the veins which abounding with vicious juyce thick and cold doth â—o sill the greater Veins that it stops the spirits and so extinguisheth them and then the blood grows cold and thick from those humors which otherwise would have been thin The Spagiricks refer this to a congealing Spirit made of a peculiar and extraordinary mixture of Humors which since it seldom happeneth the Disease is very rare And truly a simple Refrigeration cannot cause that concretion for then in dead bodies especially in winter the blood would alwayes be thick in the Veins but we find it alwaies thin but we may suppose that this Congealing Spirit is like that which causeth a Catalepsis or Congealation which makes the parts inflexible The Chymists do acknowledge such kind of Congealing Spirits to be in many Creatures Vegetables and Minerals such as are reported to be raised out of the Earth in some Histories of Men and Beasts who have been Congealed by filthy vapors coming from Earth-quakes or Dens so that their bodies became presently stiffe And Cardanus saith That such spirits are in Thunder-bolts in his History of the Eight Mowers who Supping under an Oak were struck stiffe and remained as at first the one seeming to Eat the other to reach the Pot and the other to Drink The Signs to this Disease by either are from the Subject which is more capable to receive it or from the Fit either coming or present or from the Causes that produce it The Subjects which are most fit to receive a Syncope are men who by some Natural Debility or Weakness from some Disease become faint-hearted Women rather than Men especially in their Terms or with Child As also they who have fine Constitutions subject to the Jaundice Spleen or Melancholly These things signifie that a Syncope is coming to them who are subject to it Anxiety and sudden disturbance of mind heaviness in the head giddiness an apprehension of divers colours green and yellow a sudden and often change of the colour in the face and of the beating of the Pulse When Leipothymy is present the same signs are but greater and there is often a cold sweat as also the sick complain of their faintness But these signs shew a Syncope A sudden failing of al strength a slow pulse low and at length stopping a pale and blewish face coldness of al the body especially externally a cold sweat especially in the temples neck and breast from whence the Disease is named The signs of the Causes are commonly manifest for Feavers malignant acute syncopal or fainting cause a proper Syncope or Swoonding are easily known As also those external Causes which make a sudden Syncope may be plainly seen As Anger extraordinary and Joy a sudden Fright stinking smels great bleeding and other large evacuations long watchings and fasting much lechery and grievous pain These things do signifie that the Humors and the Body are thin a sharp nose hollow eyes temples fallen and the gnawing of the mouth of the stomach trouble of mind pricking heat and great pain do shew abundance of Choller When there is abundance of crude Humors you may know by the enlarging of the body swelling about
water-like and little in the beginning of the fit after which somtimes followeth a total stoppage if both Ureters are stopped but when the fit is past and the stone that was fixed in the Ureters is fallen into the bladder there comes forth much thick troubled Urine with a sandy Sediment The Fourth Sign is often voiding of sand and stones Concerning voiding of a stone it is evident That if the Patient voided any formerly though never so smal when he had a fit it is most certain that the Disease is the Stone But concerning Sand we cannot speak so infallible for we may see many all their lives time void Gravel and never be troubled with the stone for sand comes often from adustion of Humors in the Liver and Veins and it sticks to the sides of the Urinal and goes not to the bottom as that which comes from the Reins Besides if you rub it between your fingers it dissolveth and is like Salt when the other will not yeeld to the fingers and will not dissolve And finally because this Sand is salt it is dissolved in hot Urine nor will it appear while the Urine is so but when it is cold it grows together to the sides of the Urinal not unlike the Crystal of Tartar which being dissolved in warm water when it grows cold congealeth and sticks to the sides of the Glass so the Nature of them both is very like The Fifth Sign is a stone voided and this is most certain For if any former Sign though equivocal do appear and a stone be voided you may be certain of the Disease The Sixth Sign is a numbness of the Thigh on the same side that the Back is pained of for the stone being great doth oppress the Nerve which is in erted into the Muscles of the Loyns under the Reins called by the Anatomists Psenas and those Muscles go to the Hip for its motion such a numbness is percâ—ived by sitting upon the Thigh through the compression or in the Arm by long leaning thereon The Seventh Sign is the drawing in of one stone on that side where the pain is For the Kidneys and Ureters being provoked with the greatness of the pain do vehemently contract themselves and then the Spermatical Vessels and all the parts adjacent are also contracted and these Vessels do raise up the stone which is joyned to them so that it seems somtimes to be fixed to the Groyn And this retraction or drawing in of parts reacheth to the bladder and Guts For in great pain the belly is bound and Urine stopped so that then Purges will not work by reason they are hindered by that Contraction The Eighth Sign is loathing and vomiting by the connexion of the Kidneys with the Stomach by the Membrane that comes from the Peritonaeum and by the Nerve of the sixth Conjugation two branches whereof reach from the Stomach to the inward Tunicle of the Kidneys Therefore when those sensible parts in the Kidneys are pulled the Stomach consenting is stirred up to exclude that which hurteth and first it sends out Flegm then yellow Choller after green if the evil continue because through long pain and watching the blood is altered in the Veins and that part which is most disposed for it is turned into green Choller Finally The Nephritical pain is so like the Chollick that Galen himself was deceived in the distinguishing of them as we shewed in the Diagnosis or Knowldg of the Chollick where also we laid down signs by which we may distinguish them which we shall not need to repeat The Signs afore mentioned are equivocal and one of them can scarce give a certain knowledg Some Authors mention others which are more equivocal and uncertain but joyned with others they help the knowledg of the Disease therefore it will not be amiss to mention them Hipp. Aph. 34. Sect. 7. saith They who have bubbles in their Vrine have an old Disease in the Reins For these bubbles come from thick Humors full of gross vapors which are either bred in the Reins or sent from other parts to them that matter is proper to breed the stone and cannot be presently cured therefore the Disease is long Galen in his Comment upon this Aporism saith that the mouthes of the Arteries which come to the Reins are opened by the sharpness of the Urine and thence comes a Spirit which being mixed with the Urine maketh bubbles But it is not probable that such a gross Spirit that will remain so long should come from the Arteries and Urine being cold may long time so continue as we see many bubbles many hours swimming thereupon And also when the Arteries are opened by the sharpness of the Urine blood will also come forth And the mouthes of the Veins having thin Skins would be more easily opened and so there would be also blood mixed with the bubbles Hippocrates also Aph. 76. Sect. 4. saith They who void little bits of flesh and things like hairs with a thick Vrine do it from the Reins The bits of flesh come from the Ulcer of the Reins of which we shall speak hereafter but these thrids or hairs are said by Galen in his Commentaries to come from thick and crude flegm made long and round by the extraordinary heat of the Reins Yet Galen confesseth 6. loc aff cap. 3. that after a long search he was ignorant of the cause of their length Avicen saith that these thrids grow long in the vessels of the Reins or others for in regard these are taken away by Diureticks and the Patients acknowledg pain in the Reins it is credible that they receive their form from thence Actuarius doth directly say they come from the Ureters For when the Reins abound with flegm it goes with the Urine into the Ureters and sticking to them and growing thick by heat it gets a long shape like a thrid or hair But Fernelius writes that those hairs come from the Parastatis or kernels from his Observation in which they grow long like hairs from the matter of the seed which by force of the Disease flowing down by degrees grows thick by heat and that they appear much in those who have lately had a filthy Gonorrhoea and in those women who have the Whites or a foul Womb and in that Urine which they make next after they have known a man Others suppose that those thick Humors of which those filaments or hairs are made are first bred in the Veins but take their form in the narrow passages of the Reins through which as through a sieve they turn smal and after they descend into the Ureters in which they grow dryer till they are sent into the bladder neither can they be broken by reason of their toughness Whatsoever the cause is since the best Authors do agree that these hairs breed of thick flegm in the Kidneys or come to them from other parts it is certain that they may turn into a stone if there be an efficient cause fit
and raise much worse Diseases Among the principal strengtheners the pressings of Grapes viz. their Seeds c. are reckoned which discuss the reliques of the Morbisick Matter by their actual heat and by their astringency do very much strengthen the Parts Duretus upon Hollerius doth thus commend them But the use of Vine-Grape Kernells doth exceedingly profit in the time of Vintage If the pressings of the Grapes be brought out of the Wine Press into a Barn and being covered with Blankets do there grow hot In them let the Patient thrust his Feet Legs Thighs Arms or his whol Body I have tried it saith he an hundred times there is no better thing under the Cope of Heaven And Solenander in his Counsel 21. Sect. 4. Doth give the foresaid Medicine this commendation But among the best and safest remedies which do also strengthen the Parts affected and do cherish the innate heat is this to be reckoned and diligently once every yeer for oftner it cannot to be practiced viz. That in Vintage time the Feet and hands affected be whelmed in pressings of Grapes hot from the press or made hot with warm Wine every Morning for fifteen daies And I could name a worthy Personage to whom I have communicated this Medicament and received from him a very considerable Gratuity therefore who could not go at all and by this Medicine and Gods Blessing he was restored And by how much the Grapes are riper by so much the more good will the pressings do in this Case Sulphureous and Nitrous bathes such as the Balerucane in France do not only discuss the Matter of the Gour by provoking sweat as was said before but also by strengthning the Joynts they do much conduce to the Prevention thereof as also being used by way of Embrocation that is the Head being wet therewith or it being pumped upon the Heat Cotton wet therein be at last laid on and made fast The mire of the said Bathes applied to the weak Parts doth likewise strengthen them Where the benefit of Natural bathes cannot be had the Feet may be washed and other Parts Fomented with a Decoction of nerve Herbs some astringents being added thereto as Balaustians Mirtill Cypress Nutts Allum and Salt with Iron-quenched Water and red Wine Also Oyntments are commended being frequently used made after this manner Take Oyl of Mirtles or Roses two ounces Salt two drams Mix them and make a Liniment Or Take Oyl of unripe Olives Oyl of Mastick one ounce Salt fried in a pan two drams Bole Armoniack three drams Dragons Blood Hipocistis Frankinsence Mastich of each one dram and an half Let each Particular be first finely Poudered by it self then with the Oyls mix them into the form of an Oyntment The Plaister called Emplastrum Diapalma is very good to strengthen the Joynts and its useful in all Gouts whatever the Humor be which offends and Solenander writes in Counsel 25. Sect. 4. that he hath known some who had wont to be often troubled with the Gout and by the continual use of this Plaister with frequent purges taken at certain distances of time they were freed from those Pains for five years together And this Plaister doth not daub and foul doth not raise Itch or Pimples nor is it troublesome by its smel or any other evil quality And it is fitted to the shape of the member When the Feet are troubled shoes are made of thin Leather which being smeared with this plaister are put upon the Feet The like spread with this Plaster may be applied to the Wrists and other Parts But the truth is the same Plaster boy led in Wine and mingled with Pouder of Myrtles Roses Tartar Chamepitis or Groundpine and Chamomel so as we described before in the Curation is much better for the same uses And we have seen Gouty persons who contiually wore such a Plaister upon their Feet and Wrists with most happy success Chap. 2. Of the Hip-Gout or Sciatica THe Pain of the Sciatica or Hip-Gout doth herein cheifly differ from other sorts of the Gout because in those the Pain possesses only the Joints but this it is not only in the Hip but it holds the top of the Buttock also the Loins and the Os sacrum and reaches into the Thigh and Leg even to the very Foot Which comes to pass by reason of Nerves arising out of the Loins and Os sacrum which are carried unto the Hip and are from thence derived and spread unto the Thigh the Leg and Feet The Cause of this Pain is the same which was propounded in other sorts of the Gout The knowledge of this Disease is taken from the Part affected from whence it also took its name for the Pain doth especially affect the Region or Part of the Huckle-bone for it hath this property that no Humor nor Inflamation or change of the color appears as is wont to be in other signs of the Gout because the flowing Humors do insinuate themselves into more profound or deep Parts into such as are larger and covered with much flesh and they are not diffused into the surface of the body nor the very Skin as in other Gouts This peculiar Prediction belongs to the Hip-Gout that if it continue long it puts the Hip out of Joynt for a wheyish and flegmatick Humor doth insinuate it self into the Hollow of the Joynt which is very large and if it bide there long it s thinner Part is discussed the thick or remaining which becomes snotty and softens and looseus the bands which knit together the bones which belong unto that Joynt so that the Bone of the Hip falls from its Socket whence follows Luxation and thereupon limping or halting and a Consumption of the whol Thigh because the Bone being slipt out of its seat doth press upon the Muscles Veins and Arteries by which means motion is hindered and Blood and spirits cannot conveniently flow into the inferior Parts The foresaid Doctrine is confirmed by two Aphorismes of Hippocrates viz. The 59. of the 6. Section Such whose Hip after long pains slips out of Joynt and in again they have Snotty excrements in that Part. and the 60. Aphorism of the same Section Such as being troubled with long Pains of the Sciatica come to have their Hip disjointed their Thigh Consumes and they halt except they be burnt The Cure of the Hip-Pain hath many things common with the other sorts of Gouts yet in many things it differs because of the structure and Largness of the Joynt therefore it is to be distinguished from the former Gouts and to be handled in this Chapter by it self And in the first place a Clister or Gentle Purgative being premised the Vein of the Arme on the same side must be opened for revulsion sake afterward for derivation sake the Vena poplitis must be opened about the Knee or that Vein near the outward Anckle-bone which is called the Sciatica Vein because of the great good which the opening therefore is
wet the Brain that it becomes weak and faint in its functions and performances Therfore Drunkards sleep profoundly from the vapor of the Wine and the abundance of crudities sent up into the Brain So Children that are troubled with the worms are often taken with sleepy diseases from the abundance of gross and thick vapors which arise from crude and waterish humors Soin intermitting Feavers or Agues sometimes in the beginning of the Disease there is irresistable sleep by reason of the crude and stinking humors which are contained in the veins especially in the Meseraick veins which humors being made thin by the heat of the fit of the Ague send many vapors to the head and produce such a sleep as ends with his cold fit somtimes and at other times continues to the end of the fit according as the vapors are more gross or thin or as they are more or less in quantity and so are longer and sooner discussed and dispersed Fiftly Many times so great a sleeping Disease is begot by the too frequent use of Medicines called Narcoticks that do produce sleep that many unawares by the unskilful use of Opium have slept their last There is also the same stupifying force in some living Creatures as in the Torpedo or Cramp-fish So Plutarch reports in the death of Cleopatra That the sting of a Viper causeth deadly sleep But in mans Body this stupid sleeping condition comes from the putrefaction of humors which is seen in malignant and pestilential Feavers hence it is that in those diseases they are very sleepy oftentimes which is a certain sign of venenosity and malignity and somtimes of death The Diagnosticks or Signs which shew the differences of these sleeping Diseases were set down in the beginning of this Chapter But the Signs of the Causes that produce these Diseases are these When sleepy Diseases come from watery humors putrifying in the Brain these are the signs A Flegmatick Constitution Old Age Infancy a cold and moist dwelling and season a stopping of an accustomed spitting and blowing of the Nose and when the sick man before the coming of the disease was troubled with heaviness of the Head dimness of sight and dulness of the whol Body and when in the Disease there is a defluxion of Rhewm from the Nose or Mouth or when the sick party feeleth it trickle down his Throat That sleeping Diseases are bred of blood appears by a plethorick or full Body red Face pain of the Head going before the Disease A Tumor or swelling in the Brain is scarce by any signs to be known but is only manifest after death by opening of the Skull as was before mentioned That the Disease comes from vapors flying into the Brain appears from those signs which shew the particular Diseases of those parts from whence the vapors are sent up to the Brain A surfet going before with crude and sharp belchings and other signs of crude humors in the Stomach and other parts of the lower Belly shew that the Disease comes from vapors which are sent from the Stomach But if the Vapors come from Worms you shal know that in the Chapter of them As for the Prognosis or foreknowledg of things in these Diseases Every sleeping Disease is dangerous but by how much the deeper the sleep is and the sick man harder to be awaked by so much greater is the danger and thereâ—ore a Carus is more dangerous than a Coma or a Lethargie but an Aâ—oplexy is worse than a Carus for if it be violent it is altogether incurable as Hippocrates observeth in his 42. Aporism of the Second Section which is thus It is impossible to cure a strong Apoplexy and not very easie to cure a weak one a strong Apoplexy is when the breathing is uneven and disorderly and sometimes intermitting and if such a breathing is very violent the disease is stronger if the breath be stopt it is most strong but when there is some order in the breathing the Disease is weaker which is declared by Galen in his Comment upon the said Aphorisms A sleeping Disease is very dangerous which comes upon an acute Diâ—ease for it either signifies the extinction of the Natural heat or a poysonous malignant quality which hath seized on the Brain That Disease which comes by consent of the lower parts and from vapors which arise from them is less dangerous Men sick of a Lethargy die within seven daies if they live longer they recover Hippocrates in his Book of Diseases Sleeping Diseases in old men are for the most part deadly for in regard of their want of Natural heat they having a weak concoction and weak expulsion it comes to pass that they cannot overcome and expel that humor which causeth the Disease much less can they expel that humor which aboundeth in the Brain for since the Brain is the coldest part of the Body it must needs in old people have its heat diminished and extinguished sooner than any other parts In a Lethargy if a Tumor happen under the Ears or if matter or filth come forth of the Ears and the symptomes abate it is a sign of health for it sheweth the strength Nature hath got over the cause of the Disease which it expels before perfect concoction out of the Emunctuaries under the Ears or purgeth it out being turned into matter by the Natural passages They who are preserved and cured of the Lethargy do use after to spit matter and blood Hippocrates in Coac and Third Book of Diseases This Opinion say some agrees not with Experience for few have seen a true Empyema or corrupt matter between the Breast and the Lungs follow a Lethargy But the Interpretation of Mercurialis upon the Aphorism is very right for he saith That Hippocrates meaneth by Empyema and Empyicus not the disease of the Breast but when filth is discharged by the Ears and Nostrils And Galen hath taught us in his Commentary upon Aphorism 8. Sect. 5. and Aphorism 44. Sect. 7. That Hippocrates by Empyema understands there not only that â—uppuration and breeding of matter which is in the Breast but also that which is in al other parts It is good sign when a Phrensie followeth a sleepy Disease coming of a cold cause because by that violent heat which causeth a Phrensie the watery matter which begets a sleepy Disease is concocted Men in Apoplexies die in seven daies except a Feaver take them Hippocâ—ates 2. of Diseases and Aphor. 51. Sect. 6. but that Feaver must be a violent one and essentially springâ—ng from the inflamation of the Humors and Spirits otherwise it will not discuss the matter which causeth the Apoplexy for if it be gentle and only symptomatical or happening to the Disease as an accident as in an Apoplexy coming from the burning disposition of the head through too much blood contained in the veins thereof then the Feaver doth not diminish the Disease but rather cause some symptomes of madness which weaken the Animal Faculties and in this
pass by the great consent which is between the Brain and the Diaphragma through the Nerves that come thither and by the perpetual motion of the Diaphragma or Midriff by reason whâ—reof continual vapors are sent to the Brain The Cause of a true Phrenzy is Chollerick blood to which there is joyned also Excrementitious Choller and this produceth a greater or less Phrenzy according to its divers degrees namely in heat and adustion So a Pale Choller produceth the mildest Phrenzy and an Adust or burnt Choller stirs up a bestial Phrenzy But when the Brain is inflamed and the Membranes thereof the Chollerick blood is out of its Vessels and shed abroad into the substance of those parts which is done Two wayes either when the Brain is principally affected or when it is affected by Sympathy The Brain is primarily affected when it doth immediately grow hot from an external Cause as from the Sun-beams drinking of Wine Wrath and the like so that the blood which is contained in the veins of the Brain is moved and carried out of its Vessels and this may come from a wound or stroak or contusion of the head And a Phrenzy so coming may be called a primary or principal Phrenzy But a secondary Phrenzy is that which follows burning and malignant Feavers when a part of that humor which causeth the Disease is carried to the head It followeth many times in these Feavers That Nature being disturbed by the malignity of the Cause which maketh the Disease sends some portion thereof to some flesh between the skin and the bone whence we see Pluresies shortness of Breathings Squinseys Hipatitides or Inflamations from the Vena porta and other parts to follow these Feavers So if these humors are sent to the Brain they make a true Phrenzy and then the Feaver goes before the Delirium or doting But in primary Phrenzies a Delirium appears with the Feaver from the beginning The Signs which declare a Phrenzy to come are these watchings troublesome slâ—ep much talk an urin that is first thick and after thin and perspicuous heat of the head for these declare that hot matter is carried to the head the eyes are altered because the brain being hurt they want the animal spirit There is a pain about the hinder part of the head because the jugular veins are carried to that part and send forth the Chollerick blood These are the signs of a Phrenzy present a continual doting because the Brain is alwayes affected troublesome watchings coming from the hot distemper of the Brain seldom and great violent breathing because men in Phrenzies forget to breath for when by forgetfulness or great trouble of the mind by many fancies which are presented to a doting imagination and with-draw the animal spirits Respiration or breathing is very seldom it is made up with the greatness of the blast Moreover in a Phrenzy there is no thirst or very little albert there are strong causes of thirst present because the mind is sick and the animal spirits by reason the Brain is hurt do not send their beams to the mouth of the stomack wherâ—unto thirst belongeth The Pulse is weak because the heart suffers with the brain hard because the Membrana is inflamed quick and often by reason of the great urging and somthing moist because the brain is affected Moreover there is a continual Feaver because the inflamation of the brain must of necessity cause a Feaver The tongue is rough black and yellow by reason of the Chollerick vapors which dry up its moisture An Hectical or Habitual Phrenzy is known from Hippocrat 1. Prorrhet text 33. by smal doting and little perceived when the sick do not speak but lie still and seem to sleep But a Phrenzy or Phrenitis is diâ—tinguished from a Paraphrenitis in this The Disease which produceth that is sooner known than a Delirium or Doting and by the encrease or diminution of that the Delirium is encreased or diminished and somtimes it intermits and is not constant But a Paraphrenitis springing from the Inflamation of the Midriff in which there is a constant doting is distinguished by other signs Namely â—ecause in a true Phrenzy there is great and seldom breathing but in the other little and often Little because the Diaphragma or Midriff being inflamed cannot easily be extended and dilated Often for necessity that the smalness might be made good by the frequency Moreover in a true Phrenzy the voyce is high and the Patient cryes out loud in the other the voice is low because the instrument of Breathing is hindered And lastly In the inflamation of the Midriff the Hypocondria are drawn up according to Hippocrates in Coacis and the reason is because the Midriff is covered beneath with a Membrana coming from the Peritoneum and therefore when it is inflamed it contracts the Peritoneum and with it the Hypochondria Lastly The Signs of the Causes may be known from the predominancy of the Humor in the whol Body and from the manner of the Delirium For a pale Choller makes a more gentle Phrenzy a yellow Choller make a more violent an adust Choller makes the most violent But Chollerick blood causeth the most mild of al. The Prognostick of this Disease is for the most part deadly for few escape in regard a noble part of the body is affected with a great Disease The greatest hope of recovery is when there is Dotage with laughter and a decrease of Symptoms continuance of strength as also when after the height of the Disease there happeneth some beneficial evacuation as sweat blood or looseness But these shew the Disease to be deadly The Tongue quavering and Hand trembling gnashing of Teeth Convulsion a great Chilness or Cold in the beginning of the Disease as also when the Patient picketh the Wooll or Straws about his bed You may farther Collect Death to be at hand by a drop of black blood flowing from the Nostrils by white stools white and thin urine For al these signifie a great oppression of the Brain or a flowing of Choller from the whole body to the part affected For the Cure of this Disease the blood that flows to the Head must be let forth and revelled derived repelled and intercepted and that which was there before must be evacuated and discussed The distemper of that part must be corrected the strength of it and of the whole body is to be preserved All these things may be done with the following Medicines In the beginning of the Disease at any time of the day you must let blood out of the Head vein because the Disease is very violent giving a Clyster before or if blood do much abound out of the Liver vein or first out of the middle vein and a little after out of the Head vein If the Disease come from stoppage of the Terms or Hemorrhoids upon the vein called Saphena in the foot In the next place you must open the Chephalick or Head vein that you may draw forth
and first open the Veins called Ranulae under the Tongue it is commended by Hippocrates Galen and the Modern Physitians by which the blood which doth immediately cause the inflamation is drawn forth The Ancients in a desperate Angina open the Jugulars which though some late Writers have approved yet it is out of fashion being thought dangerous by reason of the bleeding which can scarcely be stopped by reason of the largeness of the Veins But Experience hath taught that this operation is not so dangerous if it be well administred First then bend the Patients Head on one side as much as you can til his chin almost touch his shoulder then open the Vein without a Ligature with a smal Orifice according to its longitude for so it will more easily cicatrize and having taken a sufficient quantity of blood bring the Head to its natural position and so somtimes the blood will stop of its self But you must presently apply Galens Emplaster described 5. Meth. Cap. 4. made of Hares hair Aloes Frankinsence and the white of an Egg so the flux of Blood is surely stopped Trallianus reports in Lib. 4. Cap. 1. that he cured many of the Squinzy with opening of the Jugular Veins and Zacutus Lucitanus obser 89. lib. 1. Praxis admir tells of a Spaniard which was cured of a most violent Angina A Cupping-glass with Scarrification under the Chin is good for derivation by which Zacutus Lucitanus obs 88. lib. 1. Prax. adm saith he cured a woman of a Cunagche or dog Squinzy Scarrifications under the Jaws and upon the Neck are good if deep by which means Benivenius faith in lib. de abdit morb caus cap. 38. Nicholas Rota was cured of a desperate Angina whose story Sennertus hath fully related Pract. Med. lib. 2. part 1. cap. 24. While the aforesaid Medicines are used the inflamation of the Throat and Jaws is to be allayed with Topicks and they are to be varied according to the time as in other inflamations so in the first Repelling Medicines are good made into Gargarisms that they may presently touch the part inflamed Take of Plantane Nightshade and Woodbine Water of each three ounces Syrup of Mulberries three ounces Sal prunellae one dram and an half Make a Gargarism Or of a Decoction thus Take of Plantane Sorrel and the tops of Brambles of each one handful the Grains of Sumach half an ounce one Pomegranate beaten with grains and peel red Roses one pugil make a Decoction to a pint Dissolve in the straining Syrup of Mulberries and the composition made of Nuts of each one ounce and an half Sal prunella two drams Make a Gargarism Concerning Gargarisms you must observe that they are to be suspected because the parts inflamed are moved thereby which should be at rest but you may remedy that if you hold the Gargarism in the Mouth turning backwards and not move it Without Gargling you may use the Spirit of Salt Sulphur or Vitriol which mixed with Water to qualifie their sharpness are to be taken by little and little for by passing through the part affected they qualifie its heat and being sent from the Stomach to the Liver and Veins it allaies the heat of the blood which remedy is also good in the Inflamation of the Jaws and Tonsils While you use repelling Gargarisms you must apply outwardly to the neck loosning and resolving Liniments that the matter may be brought forth thus made Take of Oyl of Chamomel Lillies and sweet Almonds of each one ounce Hens grease and fresh Butter of each one ounce and an half Saffron one scruple Make a Liniment to be applied with greazie wool This Liniment will asswage pain which if violent it may be qualified also with a Gargarism made of Milk or an Emulsion made of the four cold great seeds or of Mucilages of Fleabane and Quinces drawn with Rose water adding Syrup of Violets or Cassia dissolved in Whey or in a Decoction of Marsh-mallow Roots After the beginning of the Disease when it encreaseth or is at a stand you must mix Digesters and Dissolvers with Repellers which must be done the second day because the Disease is most acute Take of the Leaves of Hysop and Plantane of each one handful Liquoris Raisons stoned of each one ounce fat Figs twelve red Roses and Barley of each one pugil make a Decoction of a pint Dissolve in the straining Honey of Roses and Syrup of Violets of each one ounce Make a Gargarism Observe That as long as the Inflamation continueth you must mix some things that repel with Dissolvers and Astringents lest the part which by Nature is soft should be more relaxed and made more fit to receive a defluxion But outwardly you must apply Dissolvers most with a Swallows nest which by the Opinion of all Writers hath a specifical property against this Disease Take of the pouder of a Swallows nest and of Album Graecum of each one dram the pouder of Flower-de-luce Roots and Chamomel of each half a dram Hens grease and Oyl of Lillies of each one ounce yellow Wax a little Make a Liniment Or it may be made into a Cataplasm thus Take one Swallows nest Mallows Violets of each one handful Althaea Roots Lilly Roots of each half an ounce fat Figs three or four Chamomel and Melilot Flowers of each one pugil boyl them and beat them then put to them Barley meal Linseeds and Foenugreek of each three drams Saffron one scruple fresh Butter one ounce Oyl of Chamomel and sweet Almonds of each as much as will make a Cataplasm to be applied to the fore part of the Neck In the mean while you may use Eclegma's or things to be licked now and then that the matter which breaths forth of the part or falls upon it from the head may be clensed Take of the pouder of the Electuary of Diatragacanth frigid two drams Simple Diaireos one dram Sugar-candy and Penides of each half an ounce Diamoron one ounce Syrup of Jujubes as much as is sufficient Make a Lohoch If the Tnmor will not be discussed but tendeth to suppuration which useth to be upon the fourth or fifth day you shall assist it with the Cataplasm aforesaid and other Emollients and Suppuratives and he must hold those Medicines at the same time in his mouth which was prescribed formerly for asswaging of pain Or Take of sliced Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each one ounce fat Figs six Althaea and Quince seeds of each two drams the flowers of Chamomel one pugil boyl them in Hydromel Dissolve in the straining boyled Wine two ounces Make a Gargarism It is also good to hold Cassia new drawn in the mouth that by degrees it may dissolve into the Throat for it asswageth pain dissolveth and maturateth If the Tumor come to suppuration which may be known by the decrease of symptomes and will not break let the sick man or some about him put their fingers into his mouth and endeavor to break the imposthume which
There is a heat in the Hypochondria and a certain Inflamation inward somtimes in one side somtimes in another from hot Humors contained therein especially when they are moved by inward or outward means so that the Face will grow hot and red from those vapors and somtimes there is an Ephemeral or Feaver for a day by those vapors sent through the whol Body The Urine is somtimes thick somtimes thin Thin when thick Humors stop the passages through which it is as it were strained thick red and troubled by reason of the mixture of the thick Matter which is very salt and therefore is called Materia Tartaria and it lies at the bottom of the Urinal like a thick Sediment Or some part of it sticks like red Sand to the sides which makes many fear the Stone without cause because this same is not bred in the Reins but in the Liver from a burnt and salt Humor and you may know this because it dissolves between the Fingers like Salt which will not when it comes from the Reins Somtimes there is a Palpitation or beating of the Heart by reason of the vapors ascending which while it labors to expel make it move violently and then the Patient thinks himself in great danger Somtimes there is a beating in the left Hypochondrion when hot Humors are there from whence vapors arise and make the Pulse or Systole and Diastole of the Arteries greater so that both the Patient and the standers by may feel it which is chiefly after heat with Anger motion or drinking of much Wine This beating is chiefly in the Coeliack Artery which is the chiefest in that part In an old Disease it is somtimes constant and this signifies an Habitual and incurable Disease An Aneurism somtimes followeth this great breathing from the enlarging of the Coeliack or some other Artery and from the hot blood in them which being very thin and full of many hot Spirits continually dilateth and stretcheth the Arteries while there is an Aneurism such as Fallopius observed Lib. de tum preter naturam cap. 14. in an old woman who being opened had an Aneurism in her Belly into which he put his fist From which mark by the way the great providence of Nature which fearing the breaking of an Artery through too much enlarging hath made the coat of it as hard as a bone as Fallopius observed in the same place Also Paraeus in his sixth Book Cap. 28. tels the like story of an Aneurism found not in the Belly but the Breast in the Venal Artery which was so stretched that it could contain his sist and also the inward Tunicle thereof was like a bone And we have seen the like about two yeers agone namely an Aneurism in the Breast by the dilatation of an Artery which would hold the fist of a Boy of fifteen yeers old and the Tunicle thereof was grown like a Gristle The evil vapors that ascend from the Hypochondria produce many Symptomes for being sent to the Pallat and Tongue they dry those parts and cause a thirst when they go to the Lungs and Midriff they cause shortness of breathing when to the Membranes of the Brain Head-ach when to the Brain noise in the Ears dimness of Sight Giddiness Fear and Sorrow and divers Melancholly Phansies And if they be malignant and very sharp they cause an Epilepsie or Falling-sickness if they come to the Nerves Convulsions and if they be stupifying they cause a Numbness and bastard Palsey Coma and Apoplexy if they get into the Brain But if these vapors be hot and dry they dry the Brain and cause watchings troublesom sleep and frightful Dreams and at first though they sleep well after Supper til midnight afterward they wake some three or four hours and some sleep again about three or four a clock others not at all The reason whereof is this Because while the Chyle is carried to the parts that serve for the second Concoction then the evil Humors lying in the Vessels are stirred and send up vapors which being sent by the Veins and Arteries to the Head cause watching and if they be quickly discussed they sleep again but if they continue long they watch the other part of the night We have formerly spoken of all these Symptomes and we say again That all are not in all men but more or sewer according to the variety of the Humors and parts affected This also is to be marked It is not Essential to Hypochondriack Melancholly that stretching hardness pain and swelling should be in the Hypochondria because the cause is for the most part in the Branches of the Gate Vein and Arteries adjoyning and sends from thence vapors to the Heart and Brain Oftentimes there is stretching in the Liver and Spleen which signifieth That the Humors stick in those parts but if there be no stretchings it is a sign that the evil Humors lie in the Veins of the Mesentery Caul Sweetbread and Stomach These proper Symptomes shew that the Stomach is affected with sowr belchings and stinking or loathing vomiting want of concoction and somtimes flux of the belly As for the Prognostick This Disease is not deadly for the most part but of long continuance many times the whol life therefore it is commonly called the disgrace of Physitians because they do seldom cure it and if the Patient seem to be cured it returns again in a few months it is also called the Scourge of Physitians because they who have it are continually asking new Medâ—câ—nes and presently satisfied therewith and dayly complain to the Physitian for others The Flux of the Hemorrhoids doth good in this Disease if it be moderate but if it continue long it is dangerous A thick Urine is better in this Disease than a thin and watery which shews that the thick Humors are detained in the Body Black Urine without a Feaver doth often Cure this Disease It s good in this Disease to have a loose Belly and bad to be bound Also Vomiting if the Patient be refreshed thereby is profitable but if it continue long it is dangerous A Giddiness and continual pain in the Head in this Disease ends in an Epilepsie Blindness or Apoplexy The Cure of this Disease is in three things chiefly first in opening Obstructions secondly in amending the distempers of the Bowels and in discharging of the peccant humor not omitting strengtheners For which a wise Physitian may use these following First give a Clyster then this Potion Take 〈◊〉 Senna half an ounce Annis seeds and Cream of Tartar of each one dram Borrage flowers Fumitory and Sorrel of each half a handful Liquoris three drams boyl them to three ounces Dissolve in the straining Rhubarb infused in Lavender Water one dram and an half double Catholicon three drams Compound Syrup of Succory one ounce Make a Potion to which you may well add in a strong Melancholly one dram of Confectio Alkermes The day following let Blood from the left side chiefly or
breed bad Blood such as are the use of sharp things in Diet the use of Salt meates of meates putrefied and such like As for the Predictions belonging to this infirmity we are to know that all large and long-lasting Issues of Blood are dangerous especially those from the Womb which hurts not only her that suffers them but hinders posterity That which comes by a soaking of the Blood through the Veins is of al others the least dangerous as causing less expence of heat and Spirits yet it continues longer by reason of the continual supply of raw and Wheyish Blood The breaking of Veins and the opening of their mouths cause greater danger because they do suddenly Issue forth great quantities of Blood yet are they sooner cured as happening for the most part only in Bodies over ful of Blood and otherwise healthy But of all others that which Springs from Exulceration is most hard to cure because where the Ulcer is there some part of the substance of the Veins is perished which hinders the growing together again of that breach whence the Blood Issues If the sick party grow daily weaker and weaker and the Disease stronger and stronger it portends her death In an elderly Woman over great Flux of her Courses is commonly incurable and deadly The Cure of Immoderate Flux of Courses must be in a manner the same which we have prescribed to cure the immoderate running of the Hemorroids For in the first place to draw the Blood from the part affected the Patient must bleed in her Arm not all at once but by degrees now and then stopping the Orifice with your singer and then letting it bleed again She must bleed plentifully as much as her strength can bear For Hollerius in his Comment upon the 50. Aphor. of the 5. Sect. doth testifie that he hath seen many Women cured by large Blood-letting when the Issue of their Blood could by no other remedies be stopped Rubbings Bindings and Cupping-glasses ate good to cause revulsion as in the cure aforesaid we have shewed especially if the Cupping-Glasses be fastened upon her Dugs according to that Sentence of Hippocrates If you would stop a Womans Courses fasten a very large Cupping-Glass unto her Dugs Howbeit if upon the setting on of the Cupping-glass she grow short breathed you must quickly take it off again Likewise the same Purgation may serve which we propounded in the Cure of the Hemorrhoids and it must be reiterated once or twice in a week until the impurity of the Bowels and the Veins be taken away For when the Chollerick and Wheyish Humors are taken away which make the blood thin and sharp it leaves running of it self If the Wheyish parts seem most to abound Mechoacan with Rhubarb will be a good Purge A Vomit likewise doth powerfully draw the Blood upwards and is commended by Hippocrates in his Second Book of Womens Infirmities But the Vomit must be gentle and often repeated Also it may suffice for the Patient to put her finger into her Throat and so procure Vomit Yea and the Truth is it may serve the turn and will be very profitable for her to provoke her self to Vomit before her Dinners but so as not to vomit only to use some forcing thereunto Unto which Remedies these which follow may profitably be added as being tried by very learned Physitians Take the Shels of two new laid Eggs burnt Frankinsence Mastich of each half an ounce Pearls prepared red Coral prepared and Amber of each two drains Blood-stone and Smaragd prepared of each half a scruple Barley made without Bran two pugils four whites of Eggs and if need be add a little Water in which red hot Steel hath been quenched and make two Cakes which must be baked so hard in an Oven that they may be beaten to Pouder Of which Pouder give from half a dram to a dram early in the morning in a draught or mess of Broth made of Sheeps Trotters John Michael Paschalius doth witness that many Women long troubled with this Infirmity have been cured with this Pouder Also the Pouder of Egg-shels alone is commended a dram there of being given divers mornings together and it is accounted by some for a Secret Forestâ—â— commends the following Pouder which he saies was one of the Secrets of his Doctor or Instructor Helidaeus Take a Turtle Dove moderately fat draw it and wash it with astringent red Wine and Rose Water mingâ—â—d together and put an ounce of Mastich in the Belly of it and sow up the belly that none of the Mastich may fall out Then roast it upon a Spit and instead of Butter bast it with Vinegar of Roses and save the fat which shall drop from it for your use When it is excellently well roasted put it into a new glazed pot or pipkin closed up with such Materials as the Chymists use to close their Vessels with that nothing may vapor out Then let it be set into the Oven till it be so dry that it may be beaâ—â—n into a Pouder Of which Pouder let the Patient take one spoonful every morning in Planâ—ane Water or in some astringent Decoction And with the fat which was reserved at the roasting let the Reins of her back her groins and Privy-part with the share be anointed Our Country-women have an ordinary Medicine of the flowers of the long-stalked common Thistle wherewith they use to curdle their Milk when they would make Cheese They administer these Flowers in Broth or other convenient Liquor Others use of the Runnet of a Kid or an Hare to â—â—e quantity of ten grains which both stops the flowing of the Blood and dissolves that which is clotted together in the Womb. â—alen accounts Juyce of Plantane newly made to be the best Medicine in the world being given to the quantity of three or four ounces Solenander adds to the aforesaid Juyce a quantity of Colophony and avouches it to be remedy that never fails his words are these To stop an old flux of the Courses take two ounces of the Juyce of Plantane and mingle therewith a dram of Colophony poudered and give it the Patient to drink Let her take it four times and she shall be undoubtedly healed with Gods Blessing The Juyce of Yarrow is very convenient in this case if two or three ounces thereof be given with Syrup of Coral or some other convenient Syrup The Juyce of Nettles is no whit inferior to or rather exceeds the former in efficacy It may be given alone or in mixture with others of little faculty Or a Syrup may be made of Nettles to be ever in a readiness A Water drawn out of the most tender Oak Leaves which are of a reddish color stops the aforesaid flux Mercatus makes up a very effectual Water after this manner Take a Loaf made of Wheat Flower Barley Meal and Rice break it in pieces and powr upon it seven pints of Water in which red hot Steel hath been quenched Whereunto add red Rose
Sulphur or Vitriol for those do much allay the heat of Choller Take of the four great cold Seeds six drams white Poppy seeds two drams Barley Water half a pint Lettice and Water-lilly Water of each two ounces Rose water one ounce Make an Emulsion according to art to two Doses putting thereto Syrup of Violets two ounces Take of Conserve of Violets and Roses of each one ounce Conserve of Water-lillies and candied Lettice stalks of each half an ounce the pouder of Diamargariton frigid half a dram With the Syrup of Violets make an Electuary You may also make an Electuary of white Poppy Seed beaten in a stone Mortar and mixt with Sugar this may be called Diacodium album this temperates sharp and hot humors and brings rest it is made of one ounce of Poppy seeds beaten with so much Rose water after put two ounces of Sugar to it Or make it of equal parts of each Outwardly you must apply cold Epithems to the Heart and Liver Take of Rose water three ounces Borrage Bugloss and Sorrel Water of each two ounces white Wine Vinegar half an ounce the pouder of three Sanders one dram and an half of burnt Ivory half a dram Wood of Aloes one scruple Saffron eight grains Camphire six grains Make an Epitheme for the Heart Take of Lettice and Rose Water of each three ounces Endive and Purslain Water of each two ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce white and red Sanders and burnt Ivory of each one scruple Camphire and Spicknard of each six grains the pouder of Diarrhodon one dram Make an Epitheme for the Liver Let the Liver and the Loyns be anointed with this Oyntment Take of the Vnguent of Roses one ounce and an half the cerate of Sanders one ounce the Juyce of Lettice and Oyl of Roses of each half an ounce Make a Liniment Let the Breast be anointed with supling Oyls as Oyl of Violets and the like Apply cloaths wet in Water and Vinegar to the Stones or Cods or which is better let them be wet with Rose water and Vinegar It is good to wash the feet with an actually hot decoction made of cold things for it will soften those parts by its hot moisture and make the humors descend and its potential coldness will be communicated to al the Body and to the Brain especially by the Nerves whereby sleep will be provoked It is made thus Take of Violets Mallows Willow Leaves Vine Leaves Water-lillies of each two handfuls the flowers of Roses and Water-lillies of each one handful Poppy heads ten Make a Decoction for the use aforesaid Fair Water may suffice to wash the Feet and if the feet of the sick man be put therein when it is a little warmed for three or four hours it frees him from his Delirium and makes him sleep The same effect is wrought by Housleek beaten into a Cataplasm and laid to the soals of the feet and also by Pompions or Guords beaten and so applied Sweet Scents often applied to the Nose cool the Brain they are prepared after this manner following Take of Violet flowers and Water-lillies of each one pugil of Roses two pugils yellow Sanders one scruple Tie them in a clout and dip it into Rose water and let the Patient smel to it often Or Take of yellow Sanders Roses and Water-lillies of each one dram Camphire half a scruple put them with Rose water into a narrow mouth'd Vessel Let them boyl over the fire and after let the Patient receive the vapor at his Nose But because watchings do chiefly trouble in this Disease you must use all your skill from the beginning of the Disease to provoke sleep For which the repelling Medicines before mentioned are very good especially if you anoint the head with Oyl of Violets cold before you apply Rose Vinegar which is good against watchings and Convulsions which come in this disease But the Medicines following will do it more powerfully Take of the heads of white Poppies with their seeds in number six the flowers of Water-lillies two pugils beat them together and with Rose and Lettice water make them like a pultiss which apply to the forehead between two cloaths Note that in Medicines to provoke sleep you must use but little Vinegar because it causeth watching Take of Lettice flowers one handful and an half Roses half a handful white poppy seeds half an ounce boyl them in water till they grow soft stamp them in Barley Meal and womans Milk of each haâ—f an ounce and a little Oyl of Violets Make a Frontal thereof Take of Oyl of Violets water-lillies and new Oyntment of Poplar of each three drams Opium and Oyl of Nutmegs of each three grains Mix them into a Liniment to anoint the Forehead and Temples Great Housleek bruised with Womans Milk and laid to the Forehead appeaseth a Phrenzy and provokes sleep But as soon as the Patient begins to sleep you must take it away lest he fall into a Coma or sleeping Disease Guords of Pompions do the same thing with less danger Penotus doth extol this Epitheme Take of Musk twelve grains Camphire twenty grains red Rose water in which Sanders hath been infused twenty ounces mix them Shave the head and wet double cloaths therein and apply them warm to all the Sutures of the head When they are dry wet them again and continue the application twenty four hours and so doing you shall provoke sleep strengthen the brain and wonderfully recover the Patient except the very substance of the brain be corrupted Inwardly you may give one ounce of Syrup of Poppies somtimes in his Juleps and Emulsions Or you may give four or five grains of Laudanum which also given in a Clyster doth provoke sufficiently to sleep and with more safety The Physitian must be wary in the use of Narcoticks or Medicines that provoke sleep for they must not be given if the Patient be very weak lest the Spirits and Natural heat be thereby extinguished Having sufficiently used Evacuations Revulsions Derivations and Interceptions we must come to the bringing forth of the matter And first we must open the forehead vein if it appear and may be taken not tying a Ligature about the Neck as usually they do for so the blood will be forced upwards But you may with most profit open the veins in the nostrils and if the Disease be any waies curable it will be cured thus You must bleed plentifully and betimes in the beginning of the Disease after you have made general Evacuations And they are opened with Bristles put up into the Nose and pricking often therewith Or you may draw blood from behind the Ears from the Nostrils Forehead Hemorrhoids with Hors-letches Apply to the Head things that resolve with things that repel in that proportion that first you use a little of the resolvers and as the disease declineth encrease the quantity so that at length you use only resolvers to discuss the reliques of the Disease For this end we use Oyl
of Barley boyl a little and mix it with Sugar Let him drink ten ounces at a time some mornings in his bed and sleep after it and somtimes in the evening Hold the Troches in the mouth Take of Gum Traganth and Arabick of each two drams Bole-armenick and Terra Sigillata washed in Rose water of each one dram white Poppy seeds and juyce of Liquoris of each half a dram Sugar Penids one ounce With the Mucilage of Quince seeds extracted with Rose water make little Cakes to be held in the mouth day and night The Spirit of Sulphur and Vitriol three or four drops given morning and evening in convenient Liquor hath great force against all Catarrhs especially against those which come from Inflamation of the Bowels It may be given in drink in a smaller quantity for it goes with the drink through all the veins and hinders the motion of the humors The Crystal Mineral is for the same use given with Juleps and other Medicines When these do not avail we must be constrained to use Narcoticks or Stupefactives Among which Laudanum is the best given to four or five grains at bed time or one ounce or half an ounce of Syrup of Poppies These do wonders being used in the beginning of the Disease New Treacle given at night from a scruple to half a dram hath the same force Benedictus Faventius useth the following Pills in a Salt Catarrh with good success Take of the Juyce of Liquoris two drams wash'd Aloes one dram Filulae de Cynoglosso half a dram With Syrup of Violets make a Mass of which take a scruple at bed time The Troches of Solenander before mentioned are excellent Diacodium album prescribed in the Cure of the Phrenzy is good for this In the mean while the matter flowing must be revelled by Clysters Cupping Glasses Frictions and binding of the external parts and chiefly by Vesicatories in the Neck and finally with Issues in the hinder part of the Head and Arms if the Catarrh be old But for the strengthening of the Head and stopping of the fluxion and consuming the remainder Pouders Bags and Emplasters are good Take of white Amber Sandarach Mastich Benjamin Nutmeg of each one ounce Frankinsence Grains of Kermes and red Roses of each half an ounce all the Sanders Mirtles and Pomegranate flowers of each two drams make a Pouder Vse it to the Head at night and 〈◊〉 it off in the morning Take of the Gum of Juniper two scruples red Roses two pugils Mirtles one dram Mace and Nutmeg of each one scruple Frankinsence and Peony seeds and Poppy heads of each two scruples Cyprus nuts half a scruple Pouder them and take them up with red wool and with a red cloth make a lining for a Cap to wear constantly Take of Mastick and Frankinsence of each half a dram Sandrach red Coral red Roses Mirtles Pomegranate flowers and Peels of each one dram Labdanum two drams Wax and Oyl of Roses as much as is sufficient Make an Emplaster for the Coronal Suture But because this Catarrh for the most part comes from a hot distemper of the Liver therefore you must use Medicines to that Finally This is most remarkable which is also mentioned in the Cure of a cold Catarrh That Excrements use to cause Catarrhs by flowing to the Head when their usual natural passages are stopped And then a Catarrh is best cured by opening those passages with a gentle and constant purging in Broths or the like CHAP. XVI Of the Head-ach THe word Cephalalgia is used generally for every pain of the Head but more especially it signifieth a new Head-ach But the word Cephalaea signifieth an old Head-ach and Hemicranea signifieth that pain which only is in one side of the Head There are other differences of Head-aches they are divided into Internal and External Pains by consent and by propriety and of these one is called a pricking pain another a stretching or extending pain another a heavy another a beating or shooting pain The internal pain of the head is in the Meninges or Membranes that is very deep and reacheth to the roots of the Eyes But an external pain is in the Pericranium or Membrane without the Skull and will not endure the roots of the hairs to be combed back and is made greater by the least compression of the Head This is the Doctrine of Galen which he teacheth 3. de loc aff cap. 1. and lib. 2. de comp med secundum loc cap. 3. saying very solidly That the internal Head-ach is distinguished from the external by this peculiar sign That in the internal the pain comes to the roots of the eyes not in an external and he gives this Reason Because the coats of the Eyes come from the Meninges of the Brain whence it comes that the grief is conveighed to the Eyes But Fernelius contradicts this Doctrine lib. 5. Pathalogiae cap. 1. and affirmeth that external pains do reach to the roots of the Eyes because the Pericranium or Skin of the Skul wherein those pains are doth reach to the cavity of the Eyes to whom Rondoletius answers lib. 1. meth med cap. 5. that the Cavity of the Eye doth not suffer with the Pericranium although it reach to it by reason that the pain of the Pericranium comes for the most part of external cold for a cold part will easily suffer from the like quality But that cold cannot reach to the hollow of the Eye because it is preserved by the heat blood and spirits of the Eyes but if at any time a headach cometh of external heat or the like the Skin of the head is only affected not the Pericranium which lieth deep But this Doctrine of Rondeletius doth not altogether take away all difficulty for although all things which he alledgeth should be granted yet if a pain arise from a tumor gathered upon the Pericranium or of some other cause that dissolveth continuity and divideth there is no reason why the grief should not reach to the hollow of the Eye We can say this in defence of Galen that this sign was given by him for two Reasons First Because the Membrane which reacheth to the hollow of the Eye from the Pericranium is not so sensible and therefore cannot suffer but obtusely but the coats of the Eyes which come from the Meninges are very sensible and therefore have great pain Moreover that Membrane which cometh from the Pericranium doth not touch the Eye so inwardly and deeply towards the optick Nerves as the coats which come from the Meninges whence it is that the external pain cannot extend it self to the roots of the Eyes as Galen saith A pain by propriety is constant and permanent nor doth it follow the disease of other parts But a pain by consent or sympathy depends upon the infirmity of another part so that as that encreaseth or diminisheth the Headach encreaseth or diminisheth Now this pain by sympathy is either by consent from the whol Body as in Feavers
great sound Ulcers in the Ears a hot distemper weakness and exquisite sence A stroak by moving the Spirits in the Head too violently causeth a noise A great sound doth violently move the natural Air. And Ulcers by the heat of the matter boyling and working make a noise and by the Spirits gathered thither and moving the Natural Air. A hot distemper fills the inward Arteries of the Ear with much Spirit whence a great beating noise proceedeth Somtimes too much Spirit is sent by those Arteries into the Ears and the Natural Air is thereby moved from whence cometh a noise And from this cause may come a continual none for some months or yeers Weakness of hearing useth to make a noise in the Ears as in sick people because every sence debilitated is hurt by every violent or moderate object so they who have weak sight are offended by a small light And lastly When the sence is most exquisite as Galen lib. 3. de comp med sec loâ— cap. 1. there will be a noise in the Ears becauâ—e even moderate objects are too vehement for it Now this exquisite sence must be preternatural for the exquisitness of â—ence cannot of its self produce a depraved action but rather the more exquisire it is the leâ—s will it Err. This preternatural exquisitness of sence comes from a hot distemper ulcer or the like as parts inflamed do depravâ—dly that is painfully feel moderate touchings Or if the exquisitness of sence be Natural you must suppose that the cauâ—e of the noise is Preternatural for the vapor which is so little that it cannot be felt of dull sence and so the action not be hurt will be felt of him that hath exquiâ—â—te â—ense and will cause a noise so that in one it is Preternatural in another Natural There are divers sorts of sounds in the Ears which proceed either from the quantity of the vapors as they are more or few thinner or thicker swift or slow in motion for if the vapor be much thick and of quick motion it wil make a noise like swift running water or like a drum or like â—ome such Musical Instrument or a rushing wind or the like but if it be little thick and move quick the noise is like the falling of a â—ree or House If it be much thin and swift in motion it causeth a hissing or is like falling of a gentle Water If it be little thin and quick in motion it causeth a tickling If it be much thick and of slow motion it makes a murmuring noise If the matter be little thick and slow in motion it makes a kind of whispering noise If it be much thin and of slow motion it causeth a hissing And lastly Because the degrees of thickness and thinness of greatness and smalness of swiftness and slowness are infinite therefore there are innumerable sorts of sounds in the Ears There is no certain knowledg of the causes aforesaid as Galen teacheth 3. de comp med sec loc c. 1. but we may make conjecture from the precedent Causes and Circumstances We conjecture that the noise comes from wind because somtimes it ceaseth and returneth again as also when the Patient hath formerly used to eat windy meat It cometh by consent from other parts when there is some peculiar disease in them It appears to come from the Brain when pain and heaviness of the Head went before and when other sences also are hurt That the fault is in the Ears appears by a continual noise without any intermission We know that that Disease comes from a cold matter if the Patient be better for the use of hot things and if in time of health great noise be not much disturbance The difference of sounds above mentioned do shew whether the disease comes of thick or thin many or few vapors it will easily appear by what hath been said When it comes from the weakness of the faculty of hearing as from some Diseases aforegoing of which the Patiâ—nt is scarce recovered We conjecture that it comes from a hot distemper and from an exquisite sence coming thereupon when the Patient perceiveth a heat in his head about his Ears when some hot Causes went before and Medicines that discuss wind do encrease the disease as also when the Patient in time of his health could not endure any great noise by reason of the exquisitness of sence As to the Prognostick A new begun noise in the head is easily cured but an old hardly and the more if it come from the French Pox. That which proceeds of a hot cause is more easily cured than that which comes of a cold An old noise coming of flegm contained in the Ear turneth to deafness for when the matter is encreased the passage of Hearing is stopped The Cure of this Disease is divers in respect of the diversity of Causes And first the Cure of Noyse in the Head coming from consent with other parts depends upon the Cure of the Diseases of those parts and must be taken from their proper Chapters But that which comes principally from the Ear Distempered must have its proper Cure And if it come of a cold Distemper and thick Vapour it wil be â—ured as in the Treatise or thickness of Hearing for they are complicated and joyned together For Noyse in the Ears is the fore-runner of thick Hearing and Deafneâ—s Therefore al Remedies both Universal and Particular may be used here which we prescribed in the former Chapter of Deafness and thick Hearing If the Noyse come from an Ulcer in the Ear it requireth no other Cure than that which is proper for the Ulcer And that shal be laid down in the following Chapter If it cometh from weakness of Sense as in them who are lately Recovered of some great Disease it wil vanish of its self as the Body gathereth strength yet you may drop some proper temperate Oyls somtimes into the Ears to mitigate as Oyl of Chamomel Dill Sweet Almonds and the like And Finally If it come from a hot distemper and exquisite Sense you must prescribe a Cooling and Moistning Diet as also drop Cool things into the Ears beginning with mild first and after proceeding to stronger And first Uâ—e the Decoction of Barley Violets Lettice Water-Lillies to which you may put a little Balm or Chamomel to make it pierce which not prevailing you must use the juyce of Lettice Purslain Henbane Galen alloweth the Juyce of Poppy and Opium its â—elf but these must be used sparingly and with much Caution lest by weaking the natural heat of the part the Hearing grow more dull Chap. 3. Of Pain in the Ears PAin of the Ears called Otalgia in Greek is a violent Disease both in respect of the part affected namely the inward Membrane which goeth about the Cavity of the Ear as 〈◊〉 by reason of the neerness of the Brain which often suffereth at the same time But since al pain comes from the solution of Continuity al those things do cause
the external Muscles of the Jaws doth little hinder respiration there is pain and redness outwardly in the Neck when the outward parts are inflamed In Cynanche there is great hinderance of Respiration so as the Patient seems to be strangled and somtimes is strangled for a short time and cannot breath but with the Neck upright and the Mouth open The Jaws are much pained yet there is no redness or Tumor inwardly in the Jaws nor outwardly in the Neck the Tongue is livid black and retorted or bent by reason of the great fulness of the Veins about it There useth also to be an acute Feaver you may find an acute description of this kind of Angina in Hipp. 3. de Morbis And this is remarkable which is observed of few the inward Muscles of the Larynx are not here only affected but the Lungs themselves from whence is difficulty of breathing and Suffocation which Dodonaeus observeth very wel Obs Med. Cap. 18. where he relates a history of a Butcher who at noon felt a pain about his Jaws and Throat and some difficulty in swallowing and died strangled the same night his body being opened the substance of his Lungs were found turned into matter He gave other Examples Anno 1565. in which yeer many had the Angina with pain about the Larynx which ceasing they fel into Peripneumonia and they being opened after death had either their Lungs ful of Water or imposthumated but nothing was perceived about the Larynx or its Muscles which might shew an inflamation And in these Causes he supposeth that the Larynx did not suffer principally but by consent and it is probable that the Aspera Artery or rough Artery and its branches may be filled and extended with the Humor flowing from the head and then if the Humor be sent to other vessels the Aspera Artery and Larynx are freed from pain and the Lungs are infected and so an Angina may turn into a Peripneumonia We may gather that the Lungs may be affected in an Angina from Hippocrates 4. acut text 30. 31. where he laies down Two kinds of Angina's from the diversity of the Humors one in which a Flux of Rhewm in Winter and Spring is carried to the Jugular veins another in which Choller abounds which is in Summer and Autumne of the last he speaks thus When a hot and salt Defluxion comes from the head being sharp it gnaws and ulcerates fils with Spirits brings an Orthopnaea or difficulty of breathing with the Neck stretched forth and much drouth Besides there is no Tumor the Tendons of the Neck behind are stretched like a Cramp the voice is hindered the breath is little and often stopped such have the Artery ulcerated and the Lungs inflamed so that they cannot breath Thus Hippocrates he saith also that a hot and sharp Defluxion wil bring an Orthopnaea because it biteth ulcerateth and filleth with Spirits which are carried to the place hurt hence comes the filling of the Lungs from whence Orthopnaea comes When there is no room for receiving of the external Air how much so ever the Lungs be enlarged Hippocrates affirms this 3. de morbis where in the Cure of a Squincy he saith the vein under the Breast or Papp is to be opened for in this part there is a hot Spirit from the Lungs and a little after he saith You must make hast to cause Spetting and that the Lungs may grow less as if the Lungs were swoln by the hot Spirit contained therein But it is most remarkable that when the Spirits are carried in great plenty to any part there is also blood carried therewith which if it flow in such a quantity that it cannot be wel governed by nature it useth to make inflamations and imposthumes from whence it is no wonder if in such an Angina the lungs become purulent or full of water In a Paracynanche the breath is less difficult than in a Cynanche but more difficult than in Synanche there is some redness and tumor about the Jaws A Bastard Angina is known by the Flegm by want of Feaver by the plenty of humors flowing to the mouth But a bastard Angina coming of a Luxation is known by the hurt motion of the Head and Neck and by the Preternatural Cavity which appears in the Neck by reason of the Vertebra inwardly depressed The knowledg of the Causes is taken from the universal and particular signs of the humors predominating in the whol Body When an Angina comes of blood there is heat and redness in the Face and a great distention in the part affected When it comes of Choller the pain and heat is greater with thirst bitterness in the mouth and sharpness And if it comes from flegmatick blood the pain and redness is less and the Feaver little From the part affected some knowledg of the humor offending may be had For Chollerick blood for the most part maketh an inflamation in the Muscles of the Larynx but flegmy blood goes rather to the Jaws for when the Veins of the Larynx are smal only thin blood goes thither but the Jaws being loose and spungy do more easily receive the flegmatick humors Finally From the time of the yeer you may know the peccant humor For Chollerick Angina's do come chiefly in the Summer and Autumn because in the Summer Choller breedeth and in Autumn it is â—eteined But flegm breeds in Winter and the Spring because the humors gathered in Winter are then melted and sent from the Head into the infeâ—ior parts As to the Prognostick A true Angina is a most acute Disease and very dangerous by reason of the hinderance of respiration and for strangulation which somtimes happens by the stoppage of the passages by which respiration is made Therefore by how much the greater the Constriction so much the more danger and so the first kind of Angina is most dangerous because the inflamation of the internal Muscles of the Larynx doth more stop the passage Whence Hippocrates Aph. 34. Sect. 4. saith thus If a Suffocation comes presently upon a Feaver and no Tumor in the Jaws it is mortal Which Opinion he confirmeth in coac progn saying that these kinds of Angina's do strangle in the same day and in the second third and fourth The second sort of Angina though it be very dangerous yet is it not altogether deadly as the first because the inflamation of the external Muscles of the Larynx doth not make so great and so sudden a constriction Of this Hippocrates spake 3. Prog. Text. 17. thus Whatsoever Angina's do resemble others in pain and make a Tumor and redness in the Jaws are very deadly and are of longer continuance than others if they be very red The third kind is less dangerous because the Breath is less hindered than the Swallowing from the inflamation of the internal muscles of the Jaws But the Swallow hurt is not so dangerous Of this Hippocrates speaks in the Book above cited Text. 18. in these words If
contrary to the opening Faculty which they desire Moreover There is another wrong done to this Medicine when it is made in a Brass Kettle which leaves a malignant quality upon the Medicine for it is a known and vulgar saying among Apothecaries You must not boyl sharp things in Brass Vessels because they easily pierce and attract a noxious Tincture from them But the Crystals of Tartar are most sharp called by some Acidum Tartari or the sharpness of Tartar This Error is often made by Apothecaries and almost all they who make this Crystal themselves use Brass Vessels so that I have seen some Tartar look Skie-colored from the Verdugreece which it hath taken from the Copper Therefore Physitians shall do conscienciously honorably and for the good of their Patients if they cause their Apothecaries to make Crystal of Tartar themselves and in Glass Iron or Earthen Vessels glassed The Salt of Tartar hath great power to open Obstructions and may well be mixed with Apozems Opiates and opening Pills But the chief use of it is in a loosening Ptisan or Barley Water made of two drams of Senna infused in eight ounces of cold Water with one scruple or half a dram of Salt of Tartar by which the Tincture of the Senna will be powerfully extracted so that this Ptisan shal work better than any ordinary one and continued many daies it takes away all Obstructions we have seen Quartan Agues cured by the use of it fifteen daies together If you fear the sharpness of the Salt of Tartar you may correct it with the Spirit of Sulphur or of Vitriol putting fifteen drops of Spirit to half a dram of Salt You may find the use of the Spirit of Tartar in our Observations for the Cure of the Dropsie under the Title of a Diuretical Spirit Of Vitriol only the Oyl or Spirit is used in Apozemes Syrups and other Forms of Medicines This following Syrup which is good against all Obstructions of the Liver Mesentery and Veins may be for an Example by which many through continual Feavers falling into evil Habits and Dropsies have been perfectly cured Take of the Roots of Smallage Elicampane Sparagus Eringus of each one ounce Leaves of Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Dodder Carduus of each one handful the tops of Sea Wormwood and of the lesser Centaury of each half a handful Winter Cherries one ounce Spring Water six pints boyl them till two pints of the straining remain in which dissolve of the Juyce of Succory and Burnet refined of each one pint the juyce of Fumitory and Hops of each six ounces Fennel and Parsley juyce of each three ounces Vinegar of Squils one pint and an half white Sugar six pound make a Syrup to which add of the Oyl of Vitriol as much as will make it sharp of which let the Patient take three spoonfuls before Break-fast and as much before Dinner and Supper The Natural sharp Baths shew the Efficacy of Vitriol the use whereof is frequent and profitable in all Diseases coming of Obstructions But the Spirit of Vitriol mixed with the Salt or Spirit of Tartar is much commended by the Chymists and of them they make Tartar Vitriolate and that rare mixture of Spirit of Vitriol Tartar and Treacle which may be mixed with other openers Lastly There are divers Medicines made of Steel both by Galenists and Paracelsians which plainly opening Obstructions presently compel al men to use them even those who reject all Medicines made of Mettals as Enemies to our Natures These Medicines of Steel are made either in the Form of Wine Syrups Opiates Pills or Lozenges Steeled Wine is made thus Take of the Filings of Steel four ounces Eryngo Roots and Elicampane of each one ounce and an half yellow Sanders one ounce red Coral and shavings of Ivory of each six drams Cloves Nutmeg and Cinnamon of each two drams Flowers of Broom Rosemary and Epithimum of each two pugils the best white Wine six pints steep them eight daies in Balneo Mariae or behind an Oven then strain them through a Hippocras bag and let the Patient take two or three ounces every morning two hours before meat for fifteen daies or more if need require Or make it thus Take of Steel prepared with Sulphur one ounce Elicampane and the middle rind of Tamarisk of each half an ounce Senna three ounces Epithimum one ounce Foecula Brioniae and Cinnamon of each two drams Pouder of the three Sanders one dram and an half Agrimony Water and white Wine of each one pint Infuse them three daies in Balneo Mariae Let him take three or four ounces when it is strained three hours before meat Commonly they use the Infusion of Steel in white Wine or Claret for ordinary Drink with much Water for two or three months together You may make a Syrup of Steel thus Take of Filings of Steel steeped in Vinegar two ounces the inward rind of Tamarisk half an ounce Ceterach half a handful Cinnamon three drams Wormwood and Agrimony Water of each half a pint white Wine one pint Infuse them six daies in a warm place add to the staining Sugar one pound and an half make a Syrup Let the Patient take every morning two or three ounces For the Preparation aforesaid of Steel you must steep it in Vinegar in the Sun while the Vinegar is consumed three times and then grind it upon a Marble This Syrup may be made Purging and better if you dissolve the Sugar with a pint of Water wherein three ounces of Senna and half an ounce of Rhubarb have been steeped a whol night The Pouder of Steel is made thus taken out of Quercetan's Dispensatory Take of the shavings of Steel either commonly prepared or with Sulphur one ounce the faecula of the Root of Cuckow-pintle one dram and an half Amber-greece half a dram for the Poor a Cordial Species will serve instead of Ambergreece Coral and Pearl prepared of each two drams Amber prepared and Cinnamon of each four scruples Sugar as much as is sufficient to make a pleasant Pouder of which let him take half a spoonful or two drams with Wine for fifteen dayes Of the same Pouder and Sugar dissolve in Turnep Water and Confection Alkermes may be made very pleasant Lozenges to be taken as the former Or Take of Steel prepared with Brimstone half an ounce confection Alkermes two drams Ambergreece one scruple Sugar dissolved in Rose Water four ounces make Lozenges Let him take two drams every morning Instead of the Pouder the Extract of Steel may be used made in white Wine for those who are dainty Divers Opiates are made also of Steel these following are best Take of the conserve of the Flowers of Tamarisk and Maiden-Hair of each one ounce and an half conserve of the Roots of Elicampane six drams Steel prepared either with Sulphur or Vinegar one dram Salt of Tamarisk one dram Spirit of Vitriol half a scruple with the syrup of candied Citrons make an Opiate of which let him
master them and because by them many obstructions are caused by which Transpiration is prohibited and at length putrefaction engendred And finaly passions of the Mind are wont vehemently to exagitate the body and to disturb the humors and so they much Dispose the body to receive infection and especially fear and Sadnes which Drawing the vital Spirits inward do as it were choak and smother them whereby the vigor of the Heart is so broken that it cannot sufficienly resist the venom and first assaults of pestilential Sicknesses yea verily and the Humors being stirred in the veines and vehemently disturbed are thrust out of their Natural constitution and do conceive a malignant putrefaction Insomuch that some have conceived that Pestilential Diseases are bred in Camps and at Sieges of Towns not so much through bad Diet and stink of dead Carcases as through Terror Fear Anxiety and dread of Death which do exagitate the Humors and put them into a tumultuary Combustion and Fluctuation The Signs of a pestilential Feaver do some of them foretel the disease when it is coming others declare it to be present and others witnes where it has bin All which must be set down because the first tend to Preservation the second to Cure and the third sort to be a Caveat to such as are not yet infected The Signs which foreshow a pestilential Feaver are taken from three things viz. From the the Disposition of the Body from the Presence of Causes and from some intermediate dispositions Those bodies are disposed to receive pestilential Infection which have collected evil Juyces through bad diet and by a preposterous use of the six non-natural things aforesaid Or such as being plethorick do gorge themselves and inordinately and unseasonably replenish themselves Furthermore some that are neither plethorick nor cacochymical do dispose their bodies to the reception of this disease while they torment their minds with most troublesome passions or give themselves immoderately to carnal embracements for from these two Causes the pestilential feaver is very ordinarily produced forasmuch as by them corruption is easily introduced even amâ—ngst good humors for Passions of the Mind do distract and draw away the spirits from their proper operations and overmuch Carnal embracement does weaken al the powers of the body but the Spirits being distracted and the vertues weakened the Humorrs change their Nature and grow corrupt Finally those whose principal Members are weak or some waies tainted either from the womb or by bad diet or any other external Cause which have an hot and moist temperature which have a very thin or very compacted habit of body are al disposed to pestilential Feavers for hot and moist bodies are subject to putrefaction thin bodies are liable to al 〈◊〉 compacted constitutions have no free transpiration The presence of such Causes as can breed a pestilential feaver do portend the same and consequently il seasons and unnatural temper of the year Dearth and Scarcity of Victuals Wars and other Causes reckoned up before when they appear they declare the Plague to â—â— approaching Those intermediate dispositions are when such a disposition oâ— body and the Causes aforesaid being present wee see a Man more â—ad than ordinary an unexplicable fear in him without good ground or cause the Colour of the face changed is not rightly disposed in point of die is disturbed with bad dreames infested with wearines which comes without labor thirst watchings stomachsickneâ— it is easily conjectured that man wil have the Pesttilence for al there thing do declare that the humors do attain another nature and do corrupt from whence comes a pestilential Feaver Such Signs as declare the Pestilence to be present are exactly to be propounded and therefore al the Heads of Signs must be run over out of which this Disease may be known which Heads of signs are taken from the three kinds of symptomes because the symptomes are the Effects of Diseases and Causes can no way so conveniently be known as by their effects And therefore some signes are taken from the Actions hurt some from Excrements voided and others from qualites changed Unto which Heads a fourth must be added taken from supervenient Infirmites To the right understanding of which these things following must be premised Frist we must know that the same signs in a manner doe shew a pestilental Feaver properly so called and a Feaver simply malignant and that the signes of the one and the other doe differ only according to more and leâ—s so that in the pestilential Feaver the symptoms are more and in the malignant Feaver less cruel yet there are some adjuncts more proper to the one than the other which we shall declare in their proper place Secondly we must note that there is no true proper and Pathognomonick sign of these Feavers viz. Such an one as wherever that signe is there is the pestilence and where that sign is not there is no pestilence no not the Bubo or swelling in the Groyn nor the Carbuncle seeing that many have them not though they have the plague and many have Buboes and Carbuncles that have no malignitie in them neither are those purple spots any such pathognomonick sign although a malignant Feaver is from them termed the spotted Feaver forasmuch as many have a malignant Feaver without any such spots those spots doe sometimes appear on women that want their courses and in some Children by reason of a light ebullition of â—lood without any Feaver which I have often seen in both Howbeit by a Concurrency and collection of all signes and tokens these Feavers may certainly be known Thirdly we must mark that al the signs which shall be propounded are not found in al sick persons of these Feavers but only a part of them which notwithstanding will be sufficient punctually to discover the kind of the disease For according to the variety of patients bodies the intention or remisnes of the disease now these kind of symptomes anon those do chiefly shew themselves Finally it must be known that the signs of a pestilential and malignant Feaver although they are also found in other Feavers yet are made in some sort pathognomonick in this Feaver in a two-fold respect First because in these Feavers they are so conditioned as in other Feavers they are not For the Head-ach Ilness at Stomach Vomiting the manner of the Heat and other signs when they accompanie pestilential Feavers they have a peculiar malignant condition whereby they differ from themselves when they accompanie other ordinarie Feavers which is wel known to them that are but indifferently exercised in the Practice of Physick Secondly because the symptomes do not observe the same proportion among themselves in these Feavers which they doe in ordinarie ones So that the heat being gentle to the touch the pulse not much changed doe shew a smal Feaver yet with them is joyned mighty Head-ach watchings and somtimes raveings and other symptoms which are wont to accompanie a