speak_v of_o the_o sense_n and_o their_o organ_n of_o the_o nerve_n if_o hippocrates_n anatomy_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v very_o scanty_a he_o have_v yet_o less_o of_o the_o nerve_n to_o understand_v right_o the_o follow_a remark_n we_o must_v take_v notice_n that_o the_o greek_a anatomist_n that_o come_v after_o hypocrates_n distinguish_v three_o sort_n of_o part_n which_o be_v before_o confound_v the_o nerve_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o communicate_v sense_n and_o motion_n to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n the_o tendon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o come_v from_o the_o muscle_n and_o serve_v to_o contract_n or_o extend_v the_o member_n and_o the_o ligament_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o serve_v peculiarly_a to_o strengthen_v the_o articulation_n of_o the_o bone_n hypocrates_n have_v give_v the_o first_o of_o these_o name_n indifferent_o to_o all_o the_o three_o part_n so_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d nerve_n do_v as_o well_o and_o as_o often_o signify_v in_o he_o a_o tendon_n and_o a_o ligament_n he_o seem_v sometime_o to_o mean_v by_o it_o a_o nerve_n though_o according_a to_o galen_n hypocrates_n use_v general_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o that_o signification_n there_o be_v a_o passage_n in_o the_o prenotion_n of_o cos_n where_o he_o speak_v of_o 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d internal_a nerve_n and_o slender_a nerve_n by_o which_o may_v be_v understand_v the_o nerve_n proper_o so_o call_v there_o be_v likewise_o another_o passage_n wherein_o those_o name_n seem_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o true_a nerve_n nat._n nerve_n lib._n the_o oss_n nat._n the_o rise_n or_o origin_n of_o these_o nerve_n say_v hypocrates_n be_v from_o the_o back_n part_n of_o the_o head_n continue_v along_o the_o spine_n of_o the_o back_n to_o the_o ischium_n whence_o come_v the_o nerve_n which_o go_v to_o the_o privity_n to_o the_o thigh_n the_o leg_n the_o foot_n and_o the_o hand_n and_o distribute_v themselves_o even_o to_o the_o arm_n one_o part_n go_v into_o the_o flesh_n the_o other_o along_o the_o bone_n 〈◊〉_d bone_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d perone_n to_o the_o thumb_n while_o it_o traverse_n the_o flesh_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o finger_n it_o go_v also_o to_o the_o blade_n of_o the_o shoulder_n to_o the_o breast_n and_o to_o the_o belly_n through_o the_o bone_n and_o through_o the_o ligament_n there_o come_v also_o other_o from_o the_o privity_n which_o take_v their_o course_n by_o the_o anus_fw-la tend_v towards_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o hip_n proceed_v afterward_o part_n upon_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o thigh_n and_o part_n under_o the_o knee_n they_o continue_v to_o the_o tendon_n and_o bone_n of_o the_o heel_n to_o the_o foot_n and_o some_o to_o the_o perone_n and_o some_o other_o to_o the_o reins_o hypocrates_n seem_v here_o to_o speak_v of_o real_a nerve_n yet_o when_o he_o come_v in_o the_o same_o book_n to_o assign_v the_o use_n of_o the_o nerve_n which_o he_o design_n by_o the_o same_o name_n he_o confound_v they_o with_o the_o tendon_n the_o nerve_n say_v he_o serve_v to_o bend_v to_o contract_v and_o extend_v the_o member_n in_o this_o late_a place_n the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d nerve_n may_v perhaps_o signify_v a_o tendon_n whereas_o in_o the_o former_a it_o signify_v a_o nerve_n but_o if_o hypocrates_n know_v the_o nerve_n he_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v a_o stranger_n to_o their_o use_n for_o in_o the_o same_o passage_n he_o give_v there_o the_o proper_a office_n to_o the_o vein_n by_o the_o whole_a passage_n we_o may_v see_v what_o he_o think_v of_o the_o use_n of_o some_o other_o part_n the_o bone_n say_v he_o give_v the_o form_n to_o the_o body_n and_o support_v it_o the_o nerve_n bind_v contract_n and_o extend_v the_o member_n the_o flesh_n and_o the_o skin_n unite_v all_o the_o part_n together_o the_o vein_n which_o be_v spread_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n carry_v 〈◊〉_d carry_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o spirit_n the_o flood_n or_o facility_n of_o flow_v and_o the_o motion_n by_o these_o vein_n which_o carry_v the_o spirit_n etc._n etc._n we_o be_v to_o understand_v the_o artery_n by_o what_o have_v be_v before_o observe_v of_o the_o office_n hypocrates_n allot_v they_o there_o be_v yet_o another_o passage_n in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o diet_n where_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o spirit_n through_o the_o vein_n and_o through_o the_o blood_n and_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v their_o natural_a way_n convulsion_n the_o palsy_n sudden_a speechlesness_n and_o vertigo_n be_v there_o take_v notice_n of_o as_o effect_n of_o the_o interception_n of_o the_o spirit_n in_o the_o vein_n and_o the_o apoplexy_n seem_v to_o be_v intend_v by_o the_o name_n of_o 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d interception_n of_o the_o vein_n see_v anon_o the_o passage_n at_o length_n in_o the_o chapter_n of_o blood-letting_a as_o for_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o as_o we_o have_v say_v general_o signify_v a_o nerve_n we_o must_v examine_v the_o principal_a passage_n wherein_o it_o be_v find_v that_o we_o may_v give_v the_o true_a judgement_n of_o it_o the_o follow_a be_v the_o most_o considerable_a passage_n we_o shall_v first_o propose_v one_o wherein_o hypocrates_n after_o have_v lay_v down_o some_o of_o the_o symptom_n that_o accompany_v a_o dislocation_n of_o the_o thigh_n bone_n forward_o add_v artic._n add_v lib._n de_fw-fr artic._n that_o in_o such_o a_o dislocation_n they_o feel_v abundance_n of_o pain_n and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o suppression_n of_o urine_n because_o the_o head_n of_o that_o bone_n press_v upon_o very_o considerable_a nerve_n so_o that_o it_o cause_v a_o tumour_n in_o the_o groin_n galen_n upon_o this_o passage_n say_v 3._o say_v in_o lib._n de_fw-fr artic._n comment_n 3._o that_o by_o these_o considerable_a nerve_n hypocrates_n mean_v the_o nerve_n which_o go_v along_o with_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n through_o the_o groin_n which_o be_v call_v d_o 〈◊〉_d d_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d considerable_a or_o of_o great_a power_n because_o they_o be_v near_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n and_o come_v out_o at_o the_o same_o place_n with_o those_o that_o go_v to_o the_o bladder_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o head_n of_o the_o thigh-bone_n be_v displace_v this_o way_n the_o bladder_n itself_o suffer_v and_o such_o a_o inflammation_n arise_v that_o no_o urine_n can_v pass_v it_o sometime_o also_o happen_v as_o galen_n say_v that_o the_o urine_n be_v stop_v with_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o inflammation_n which_o reach_v to_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bladder_n and_o the_o sphinct_a muscle_n and_o stop_v by_o that_o mean_v the_o passage_n if_o the_o suppression_n of_o urine_n speak_v of_o arise_v from_o the_o compression_n of_o the_o nerve_n design_v by_o galen_n we_o shall_v rather_o attribute_v this_o symptom_n to_o a_o stupifaction_n or_o a_o sort_n of_o palsy_n of_o the_o bladder_n than_o to_o a_o inflammation_n of_o it_o a_o inflammation_n be_v not_o so_o natural_a a_o consequence_n of_o the_o compression_n of_o the_o nerve_n as_o numbness_n but_o hypocrates_n himself_o seem_v to_o acknowledge_v that_o this_o inflammation_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o pain_n precede_v and_o this_o make_v i_o suspect_v that_o by_o these_o nerve_n he_o mean_v no_o more_o than_o the_o fibrous_a and_o tendinous_a part_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o bladder_n or_o near_o it_o we_o find_v in_o the_o same_o book_n another_o passage_n wherein_o hypocrates_n seem_v to_o design_n the_o nerve_n by_o the_o name_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o you_o will_v say_v he_o cauterise_n or_o burn_v the_o skin_n under_o the_o armpit_n you_o must_v take_v care_n of_o go_v too_o forward_o or_o take_v too_o much_o for_o fear_v of_o hurt_v some_o considerable_a nerve_n which_o be_v near_o the_o gland_n of_o that_o part_n galen_n will_v have_v it_o that_o hypocrates_n here_o point_v at_o the_o nerve_n that_o come_v from_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n to_o the_o arm_n and_o indeed_o it_o seem_v as_o if_o he_o can_v mean_v nothing_o else_o nevertheless_o what_o hypocrates_n add_v present_o after_o persuade_v i_o that_o he_o design_v nothing_o but_o the_o tendon_n of_o the_o muscle_n which_o draw_v the_o arm_n downward_o you_o must_v know_v say_v he_o that_o when_o you_o have_v lift_v up_o the_o arm_n very_o high_a you_o can_v lay_v hold_n on_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o armpit_n at_o least_o not_o so_o as_o to_o extend_v it_o the_o arm_n be_v lift_v up_o the_o skin_n which_o be_v under_o the_o armpit_n disappear_v or_o can_v be_v pinch_v and_o you_o must_v further_o take_v care_n of_o the_o nerve_n which_o in_o this_o posture_n
other_o time_n when_o he_o intend_v to_o purge_v more_o strong_o he_o take_v the_o flower_n of_o copper_n and_o hellebore_n after_o that_o he_o shake_v the_o patient_n violent_o by_o the_o shoulder_n the_o better_a to_o loosen_v the_o pus_fw-la this_o remedy_n which_o be_v find_v in_o affectionibus_fw-la in_o de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la lib._n 2_o &_o de_fw-la internis_fw-la affectionibus_fw-la two_o place_n of_o the_o work_n of_o hypocrates_n be_v attribute_v by_o galen_n to_o the_o cnidien_n physician_n which_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o in_o the_o precedent_a book_n the_o physician_n of_o the_o succeed_a age_n have_v practise_v it_o no_o more_o whether_o they_o have_v no_o patient_n that_o will_v suffer_v it_o or_o whether_o they_o think_v it_o of_o no_o benefit_n which_o be_v most_o probable_a these_o ancient_a physician_n invent_v this_o remedy_n to_o raise_v a_o cough_n upon_o what_o they_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n by_o which_o the_o pus_fw-la can_v be_v natural_o evacuate_v from_o the_o breast_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v pump_v out_o of_o the_o lung_n chap._n xvi_o whether_o hypocrates_n make_v use_v of_o purgation_n or_o superstitious_a purification_n which_o we_o speak_v of_o above_o we_o have_v see_v in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o our_o history_n that_o melampus_n and_o polyides_n use_v certain_a purgation_n or_o expiation_n which_o have_v regard_n to_o crime_n as_o well_o as_o distemper_n it_o seem_v hypocrates_n also_o approve_v of_o this_o practice_n when_o he_o say_v habitu_fw-la say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d lib._n de_fw-fr decenti_fw-la habitu_fw-la that_o a_o physician_n ought_v to_o have_v knowledge_n of_o the_o purgative_n or_o purification_n beneficial_a to_o life_n hypocrates_n life_n a_o modern_a translator_n of_o hypocrates_n cornarius_n have_v understand_v it_o this_o way_n and_o in_o effect_n we_o can_v explain_v this_o passage_n or_o word_n otherwise_o for_o he_o do_v not_o treat_v here_o of_o the_o purgation_n that_o we_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n and_o the_o other_o interpreter_n or_o commentator_n on_o hypocrates_n that_o have_v take_v it_o in_o this_o latter_a sense_n be_v mistake_v but_o we_o may_v say_v that_o see_v he_o meet_v with_o variation_n in_o the_o original_a obscure_a original_a some_o manuscript_n read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o singular_a which_o entire_o alter_v the_o sense_n and_o that_o signify_v nothing_o if_o you_o do_v refer_v it_o to_o the_o follew_v word_n which_o be_v also_o very_o obscure_a manuscript_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o word_n in_o question_n and_o that_o all_o this_o passage_n there_o be_v comprise_v in_o it_o that_o which_o immediate_o follow_v be_v but_o obscure_a perhaps_o hypocrates_n mean_v to_o speak_v quite_o another_o thing_n 〈◊〉_d thing_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o freedom_n from_o superstition_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o quality_n he_o require_v in_o a_o physician_n in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o he_o make_v a_o parallel_n betwixt_o a_o philosopher_n and_o one_o of_o this_o profession_n appear_v contrary_a to_o it_o for_o how_o indeed_o do_v the_o necessity_n which_o he_o will_v impose_v on_o a_o physician_n to_o understand_v purification_n which_o consist_v of_o some_o superstitious_a ceremony_n agree_v with_o the_o freedom_n from_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v superstitious_a it_o be_v true_a that_o another_o translator_n of_o hippocrates_n read_v this_o last_o word_n otherwise_o and_o take_v it_o 〈◊〉_d it_o calvus_n translate_v as_o if_o â—e_n have_v read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o contrary_a sense_n but_o the_o incline_n to_o superstition_n or_o a_o superstitious_a fear_n of_o the_o god_n be_v not_o that_o which_o they_o have_v accuse_v the_o philosopher_n of_o no_o more_o than_o the_o physician_n between_o who_o they_o say_v hypocrates_n endeavour_v to_o make_v a_o comparison_n in_o this_o passage_n we_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v beside_o but_o to_o read_v the_o book_n entitle_v of_o the_o sacred_a distemper_n to_o see_v how_o hypocrates_n open_o laugh_v at_o all_o the_o ridiculous_a ceremony_n they_o practise_v in_o his_o time_n to_o cure_v this_o distemper_n and_o in_o particular_a the_o expiation_n and_o purification_n they_o perform_v on_o this_o occasion_n we_o will_v not_o relate_v any_o thing_n he_o have_v say_v above_o to_o avoid_v be_v tedious_a we_o will_v only_o remark_n that_o he_o put_v those_o that_o meddle_v with_o expiation_n magician_n mountebank_n and_o impudent_a boaster_n that_o promise_v more_o than_o they_o mean_v and_o have_v nothing_o to_o perform_v weâ—ll_o remark_n i_o say_v that_o he_o put_v all_o these_o sort_n of_o fellow_n in_o the_o same_o rank_n end_v a_o long_a discourse_n which_o he_o make_v on_o this_o subject_n with_o these_o word_n more_o worthy_a of_o a_o christian_a than_o a_o pagan_a as_o he_o be_v it_o be_v say_v he_o the_o deity_n that_o purify_v we_o and_o wash_v we_o from_o our_o great_a sin_n and_o from_o our_o most_o enormous_a crime_n it_o be_v the_o divinity_n which_o protect_v we_o and_o it_o be_v only_o in_o the_o temple_n which_o be_v the_o habitation_n of_o the_o god_n that_o we_o ought_v to_o seek_v to_o purisie_n ourselves_o of_o â—_z unclean_a i_o know_v this_o book_n to_o be_v suppose_v to_o belong_v to_o some_o other_o author_n but_o however_o it_o be_v that_o hypocrates_n use_v only_a remedy_n pure_o natural_a and_o never_o propose_v any_o superstitious_a one_o be_v a_o argument_n he_o be_v never_o for_o they_o we_o may_v see_v further_o how_o he_o elsewhere_o spectaut_fw-fr elsewhere_o lib._n de_o his_o quae_fw-la ad_fw-la virginem_fw-la spectaut_fw-fr rally_v the_o woman_n of_o his_o time_n that_o be_v trouble_v with_o the_o mother_n for_o offer_v to_o diana_n rich_a garment_n he_o do_v not_o stick_v to_o say_v that_o the_o priest_n who_o advise_v these_o poor_a woman_n thus_o abuse_v they_o wretched_o chap._n xvii_o of_o blood-letting_a and_o of_o the_o application_n of_o cupping-glass_n blood-letting_a be_v another_o method_n of_o evacuate_a or_o take_v away_o the_o superfluity_n of_o what_o be_v in_o the_o vessel_n and_o part_n which_o hypocrates_n use_v another_o aim_n he_o have_v in_o it_o be_v to_o divert_v or_o recall_v the_o course_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v go_v where_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v a_o three_o end_n of_o bleed_v be_v to_o procure_v a_o free_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o spirit_n as_o we_o may_v gather_v from_o the_o follow_a passage_n slopt_z passage_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o say_v elsewhere_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o bladder_n slopt_z when_o any_o one_o become_v speechless_a of_o a_o sudden_a hypocrates_n say_v it_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o shut_n of_o the_o vein_n especial_o when_o it_o happen_v to_o a_o person_n otherwise_o in_o good_a health_n without_o any_o outward_a violence_n in_o this_o case_n the_o inward_a vein_n of_o the_o right_a arm_n must_v be_v open_v and_o more_o or_o less_o blood_n take_v away_o according_a to_o the_o age_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o patient_n those_o that_o lose_v their_o speech_n thus_o have_v great_a flushing_n in_o the_o face_n their_o eye_n be_v stiff_a their_o arm_n be_v distend_v their_o tooth_n gnash_v they_o have_v palpitation_n of_o the_o artery_n they_o can_v open_v their_o jaw_n the_o extremity_n be_v cold_a venis_fw-la cold_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d interceptiones_fw-la spirituum_fw-la in_o venis_fw-la and_o the_o spirit_n be_v intercept_v in_o the_o vein_n if_o pain_n ensue_v it_o be_v by_o the_o accession_n of_o the_o black_a bile_n and_o sharp_a humour_n for_o the_o internal_a part_n be_v vellicate_v or_o irritate_v by_o these_o humour_n suffer_v very_o much_o and_o the_o vein_n be_v also_o irritate_v and_o dry_v distend_a themselves_o extraordinary_o and_o be_v inflame_v and_o draw_v all_o that_o can_v flow_v to_o they_o so_o that_o the_o blood_n corrupt_v and_o the_o spirit_n not_o be_v able_a to_o pass_v through_o the_o blood_n passage_n blood_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d their_o natural_a passage_n by_o their_o ordinary_a passage_n the_o part_n grow_v cold_a by_o reason_n of_o this_o stagnation_n of_o the_o spirit_n hence_o come_v giddiness_n loss_n of_o speech_n and_o convulsion_n if_o this_o disorder_n reach_v to_o the_o heart_n the_o liver_n or_o to_o nerve_n to_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o ought_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o he_o make_v no_o mention_n here_o of_o the_o brain_n nor_o of_o the_o nerve_n the_o great_a vein_n from_o hence_o come_v also_o epilepsy_n and_o palsy_n if_o the_o defluxion_n fall_v upon_o the_o party_n name_v and_o that_o they_o dry_v up_o because_o the_o spirit_n be_v deny_v a_o passage_n through_o they_o in_o this_o case_n after_o fomentation_n a_o vein_n must_v be_v open_v while_o the_o spirit_n and_o humour_n be_v yet_o 〈◊〉_d yet_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d suspend_v
the_o membrane_n of_o the_o ear_n be_v indispose_v we_o can_v hear_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n we_o can_v see_v when_o the_o tunicle_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v in_o the_o same_o condition_n 6._o condition_n de_fw-fr generate_fw-la aninial_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 6._o the_o nose_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o channel_n by_o a_o cartilege_n it_o have_v two_o vein_n which_o be_v join_v to_o the_o brain_n but_o they_o come_v from_o the_o heart_n these_o go_v into_o the_o channel_n which_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o smell_v as_o it_o receive_v the_o external_n air_n and_o all_o that_o be_v diffuse_v through_o it_o the_o flesh_n as_o we_o have_v observe_v already_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o feel_v the_o tongue_n of_o taste_v be_v soft_a and_o spungy_a and_o of_o a_o nature_n approach_v to_o that_o of_o the_o flesh_n 11._o flesh_n hist_o an._n lib._n 1._o cap._n 11._o the_o eye_n reach_v into_o the_o brain_n and_o be_v situate_v on_o either_o side_n under_o a_o little_a vein_n 9_o vein_n ib._n cap._n 9_o the_o humour_n which_o be_v in_o the_o eye_n which_o cause_v vision_n be_v what_o we_o call_v the_o sight_n 6._o sight_n de_fw-fr gen._n an._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 6._o the_o eye_n of_o all_o the_o organ_n of_o sensation_n have_v this_o peculiarity_n that_o it_o be_v moist_a and_o cold_a or_o that_o it_o contain_v a_o humour_n that_o be_v moist_a and_o cold_a which_o be_v not_o there_o at_o first_o or_o which_o be_v not_o at_o first_o in_o its_o perfection_n but_o be_v separate_v or_o distil_v from_o the_o pure_a part_n of_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o channel_n that_o go_v to_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o brain_n it_o be_v very_o plain_a from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o aristotle_n allow_v the_o nerve_n no_o part_n in_o the_o production_n of_o sensation_n nor_o indeed_o can_v he_o acknowledge_v the_o nerve_n or_o their_o office_n retain_v the_o idea_n which_o he_o have_v of_o the_o brain_n the_o diaphragme_n which_o he_o call_v diazoma_n or_o the_o membrane_n which_o separate_v the_o low_a belly_n from_o the_o breast_n have_v according_a to_o aristotle_n no_o other_o business_n than_o to_o divide_v these_o two_o cavity_n that_o the_o upper_a which_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o soul_n may_v not_o be_v infect_v by_o the_o vapour_n which_o rise_v from_o the_o low_a this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o what_o we_o can_v collect_v from_o the_o writing_n of_o this_o philosopher_n concern_v anatomy_n and_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o both_o he_o and_o plato_n call_v indifferent_o by_o the_o name_n of_o vein_n the_o vein_n proper_o so_o call_v and_o the_o artery_n that_o they_o do_v not_o give_v the_o name_n of_o artery_n to_o any_o thing_n but_o the_o windpipe_n which_o they_o call_v artery_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d rough_a or_o unequal_a in_o opposition_n to_o the_o artery_n proper_o so_o call_v and_o by_o the_o ancient_n name_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d laeve_v arterlae_n smooth_a artery_n aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la from_fw-la whence_o we_o may_v infer_v that_o when_o we_o find_v in_o erasistratus_n in_o see_v the_o next_o vol._n lib._n 1._o cap._n of_o erasistratus_n hypocrates_n the_o word_n artery_n in_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o modern_n that_o this_o word_n have_v be_v foist_v in_o or_o that_o the_o book_n in_o which_o it_o be_v find_v be_v not_o genuine_a the_o only_a place_n that_o i_o know_v of_o wherein_o aristotle_n seem_v to_o give_v the_o name_n of_o artery_n to_o the_o artery_n proper_o so_o call_v be_v in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o spirit_n wherein_o he_o say_v that_o the_o skin_n be_v compose_v of_o a_o vein_n a_o artery_n and_o a_o nerve_n of_o a_o vein_n say_v he_o because_o the_o skin_n yield_v blood_n when_o it_o be_v prick_v of_o a_o nerve_n because_o it_o can_v extend_v itself_o of_o a_o artery_n because_o it_o be_v transpirable_a aristotle_n seem_v here_o to_o have_v design_v the_o real_a and_o true_a artery_n and_o to_o allot_v to_o they_o only_o spirit_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o praxagoras_n and_o erasistratus_n of_o who_o we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o which_o opinion_n perhaps_o they_o borrow_v of_o he_o perhaps_o also_o this_o book_n be_v none_o of_o aristotle_n we_o must_v make_v one_o observation_n more_o concern_v the_o anatomy_n of_o aristotle_n which_o be_v that_o he_o never_o dissect_v any_o thing_n but_o brute_n and_o that_o in_o his_o time_n they_o dare_v not_o anatomize_v a_o humane_a body_n which_o he_o insinuate_v himself_o in_o these_o word_n 16._o word_n hist_o an._n lib._n 1._o cap._n 16._o the_o inward_a part_n of_o man_n body_n be_v unknown_a for_o we_o have_v nothing_o certain_a thereupon_o but_o we_o must_v judge_v of_o they_o by_o the_o resemblance_n which_o we_o suppose_v they_o to_o have_v to_o the_o part_n of_o other_o animal_n which_o answer_n to_o each_o of_o they_o i_o be_o surprise_v 4._o surprise_v anthropograph_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 4._o that_o riolan_n shall_v maintain_v the_o contrary_a and_o more_o that_o he_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v it_o from_o passage_n of_o aristotle_n which_o be_v nothing_o to_o the_o purpose_n but_o he_o be_v not_o the_o only_a one_o who_o prejudice_n and_o bigotry_n for_o the_o ancient_n have_v cause_v to_o make_v such_o false_a step_n we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o say_v something_o more_o upon_o this_o subject_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o the_o next_o volume_n aristotle_n write_v also_o some_o book_n of_o plant_n of_o which_o there_o be_v some_o yet_o remain_v but_o he_o treat_v of_o they_o rather_o as_o a_o philosopher_n than_o a_o physician_n he_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o ninety_o nine_o olympiad_n and_o he_o die_v the_o 3d_o year_n of_o the_o hundred_o and_o fourteen_o olympiad_n age_a by_o this_o account_n about_o sixty_o three_o he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o physician_n and_o of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o asclepiades_n he_o belong_v also_o to_o physic_v another_o way_n which_o be_v not_o much_o for_o his_o honour_n epicuri_fw-la honour_n diogenes_n laertius_n &_o hesychius_n milesius_n in_o vita_fw-la epicuri_fw-la epicurus_n reproach_n he_o with_o have_v spend_v his_o patrimony_n while_o he_o be_v young_a in_o debauchery_n and_o that_o after_o he_o have_v be_v some_o time_n a_o soldier_n he_o betake_v himself_o to_o sell_v occasion_n sell_v we_o shall_v consider_v in_o the_o sequel_n the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d use_v by_o diogenes_n laertius_n on_o this_o occasion_n of_o antidote_n about_o the_o market_n till_o plato_n school_n be_v open_v he_o apply_v himself_o to_o the_o study_n of_o philosophy_n under_o he_o chap._n vi_o theophrastus_n theophrastus_n who_o succeed_v aristotle_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o management_n of_o his_o school_n and_o after_o his_o death_n do_v something_o likewise_o towards_o physic_n the_o most_o considerable_a of_o his_o work_n which_o remain_v to_o our_o time_n be_v his_o book_n of_o plant_n but_o as_o plant_n may_v be_v consider_v either_o as_o a_o part_n of_o agriculture_n of_o natural_a history_n or_o of_o physic_n theophrastus_n as_o well_o as_o aristotle_n seem_v to_o consider_v they_o chief_o as_o a_o naturalist_n and_o seem_v rather_o to_o have_v examine_v their_o growth_n and_o termination_n and_o the_o part_n whereof_o they_o be_v compose_v than_o their_o medicinal_a property_n although_o sometime_o en_fw-fr passant_a he_o touch_v upon_o they_o too_o but_o he_o have_v describe_v several_a we_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o take_v far_a notice_n of_o he_o upon_o this_o account_n with_o dioscorides_n there_o be_v yet_o some_o small_a piece_n of_o his_o remain_v concern_v the_o vertigo_n swoon_a sweat_v and_o the_o palsy_n of_o which_o he_o treat_v rather_o as_o a_o philosopher_n than_o a_o physician_n that_o be_v he_o be_v inquisitive_a after_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o distemper_n only_o without_o speak_v of_o any_o remedy_n he_o say_v that_o vertigoe_v come_v when_o some_o strange_a spirit_n or_o superfluous_a moisture_n go_v into_o the_o head_n or_o as_o he_o express_v it_o about_o the_o head_n whether_o this_o come_v from_o any_o sort_n of_o food_n as_o from_o wine_n or_o from_o any_o other_o humour_n or_o from_o turn_v the_o head_n round_o for_o add_v he_o the_o place_n about_o the_o brain_n or_o the_o brain_n a_o usual_a manner_n of_o expression_n among_o the_o greek_n be_v natural_o moist_a and_o when_o any_o foreign_a spirit_n get_v in_o it_o do_v violence_n after_o it_o be_v get_v in_o and_o force_v the_o natural_a moisture_n into_o the_o vein_n cause_v it_o to_o turn_v round_o so_o that_o this_o spirit_n have_v the_o same_o effect_n as_o if_o any_o body_n turn_v the_o head_n round_o it_o be_v indifferent_a whether_o it_o be_v do_v inward_o or_o outward_o the_o palsy_n arise_v from_o a_o chillness_n or_o privation_n and_o want_n of_o spirit_n or_o
artery_n and_o the_o other_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la at_o that_o time_n all_o the_o blood_n vessel_n be_v indifferent_o call_v vein_n and_o the_o word_n artery_n proper_o signify_v the_o 〈◊〉_d the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la or_o the_o windpipe_n nay_o hypocrates_n give_v the_o name_n of_o vein_n to_o the_o ureter_n and_o seem_v to_o bestow_v the_o same_o appellation_n upon_o the_o nerve_n as_o we_o shall_v take_v notice_n below_o beside_o there_o be_v but_o few_o place_n where_o he_o formal_o distinguish_v the_o artery_n from_o the_o vein_n and_o where_o he_o call_v they_o artery_n which_o may_v render_v the_o credit_n of_o those_o book_n or_o at_o least_o of_o those_o passage_n suspicious_a where_o this_o distinction_n be_v to_o be_v find_v the_o artery_n add_v he_o immediate_o after_o contain_v more_o heat_n than_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o be_v the_o receptacle_n of_o the_o spirit_n there_o be_v other_o vein_n in_o the_o body_n beside_o these_o two_o as_o for_o that_o which_o be_v report_v to_o be_v the_o large_a of_o all_o and_o next_o to_o the_o heart_n it_o run_v through_o the_o belly_n and_o the_o diaphragm_n and_o divide_v itself_o into_o two_o stream_n visit_v either_o kidney_n towards_o the_o loin_n above_o the_o heart_n this_o vein_n divide_v to_o the_o right_n and_o to_o the_o left_a and_o ascend_v to_o the_o head_n distributes_z itself_o to_o either_o temple_n we_o may_v continues_z he_o join_v the_o other_o vein_n to_o this_o that_o be_v also_o very_o large_a but_o to_o speak_v all_o in_o a_o word_n all_o the_o vein_n that_o be_v disperse_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n come_v from_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o the_o artery_n here_o be_v already_o two_o opinion_n concern_v the_o origin_n of_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n there_o be_v a_o three_o likewise_o to_o be_v find_v in_o two_o several_a passage_n in_o hypocrates_n whether_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o origin_n of_o the_o vein_n or_o in_o respect_n of_o your_o distribution_n humanâ_fw-la distribution_n lib._n de_fw-fr ossium_fw-la naturâ_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr natur._n humanâ_fw-la the_o large_a vein_n of_o the_o body_n be_v say_v he_o dispose_v after_o this_o manner_n there_o be_v in_o all_o four_o pair_n the_o first_o pair_n come_v out_o behind_o the_o head_n and_o descend_v down_o the_o back_n part_n of_o the_o neek_z on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o spin_v come_v to_o the_o hip_n and_o thigh_n pass_v on_o through_o the_o leg_n to_o the_o outside_n of_o each_o foot_n for_o this_o reason_n in_o all_o pain_n of_o the_o back_n and_o hip_n bleed_v in_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o ham_n and_o external_a ankle_n be_v of_o great_a relief_n the_o second_o pair_n come_v likewise_o from_o the_o head_n run_v behind_o the_o ear_n down_o the_o neck_n they_o be_v callâ—d_v the_o jugular_n and_o run_v within_o the_o spine_n down_o the_o loin_n where_o they_o divide_v on_o either_o side_n towards_o the_o testicle_n and_o thigh_n and_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o ham_n from_o thence_o through_o the_o inward_a ankle_n to_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o foot_n for_o this_o cause_n in_o all_o pain_n of_o the_o testicle_n and_o loin_n bleed_v in_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o ham_n and_o internal_a ankle_n be_v very_o serviceable_a the_o three_o pair_n come_v out_o of_o the_o temple_n and_o run_v along_o the_o neck_n towards_o the_o shoulder_n and_o lung_n from_o thence_o one_o turn_v from_o the_o right_a a_o little_a towards_o the_o left_a run_v under_o the_o breast_n to_o the_o spleen_n and_o kidney_n the_o other_o likewise_o turn_v from_o the_o left_a to_o the_o right_n run_v under_o the_o breast_n to_o the_o liver_n and_o kidney_n and_o these_o two_o branch_n terminate_v in_o the_o rectum_fw-la the_o four_o part_n come_v out_o of_o the_o fore_a part_n of_o the_o head_n and_o eye_n run_v under_o the_o lung_n and_o the_o clavicle_n and_o from_o thence_o through_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o arm_n pass_v over_o the_o bend_n of_o the_o elbow_n to_o the_o back_n of_o the_o hand_n and_o finger_n and_o thence_o they_o return_v again_o through_o the_o palm_n of_o the_o hand_n on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o elbow_n and_o under_o the_o arm_n to_o the_o armpit_n and_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o side_n one_o to_o the_o spleen_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o liver_n at_o length_n both_o branch_n run_v over_o the_o belly_n terminate_v in_o the_o privity_n to_o salve_v the_o contradiction_n between_o these_o two_o last_o passage_n it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o the_o book_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o bone_n from_o whence_o this_o latter_a be_v draw_v be_v not_o hippocrates_n but_o polybius_n his_o son-in-law's_a neither_o galen_n nor_o erotian_n take_v notice_n of_o this_o book_n among_o the_o work_n of_o hypocrates_n they_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o name_n though_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v explain_v certain_a word_n find_v in_o it_o there_o be_v a_o passage_n of_o 3._o of_o de_fw-fr generate_v anim._n lib._n 3._o cap._n 3._o aristotle_n wherein_o this_o philosopher_n speak_v of_o the_o origin_n and_o destribution_n of_o the_o vein_n and_o relate_v the_o several_a sentiment_n of_o the_o physician_n thereupon_o cite_v these_o very_a word_n of_o this_o book_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o bone_n which_o we_o have_v translate_v and_o cite_v they_o as_o polybius_n this_o proof_n be_v sufficient_a but_o it_o remove_v not_o all_o the_o difficulty_n for_o we_o read_v the_o very_a same_o word_n in_o the_o book_n of_o human_a nature_n which_o galen_n maintain_v strong_o to_o be_v hippocrates_n pretend_v to_o prove_v it_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o phaedr_n of_o platon_n phaedr_n plato_n who_o as_o he_o say_v have_v quote_v a_o passage_n out_o of_o it_o though_o other_o have_v ascribe_v this_o book_n to_o democritus_n nevertheless_o galen_n himself_o brain_n himself_o de_fw-fr hippocrat_n &_o platon_n decreâ—_n l._n 6._o c._n 3._o but_o pelops_n galen_n master_n be_v of_o another_o mind_n maintain_v that_o hypocrates_n hold_v as_o himself_o also_o do_v that_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n as_o well_o as_o nerve_n have_v their_o origine_fw-la from_o the_o brain_n deny_v this_o late_a opinion_n touch_v the_o origin_n and_o destribution_n of_o the_o vein_n to_o be_v hippocrates_n or_o even_o polybius_n but_o affirm_v that_o it_o must_v have_v be_v foist_v surreptitious_o into_o the_o text._n but_o this_o be_v not_o probable_a for_o we_o find_v the_o same_o opinion_n in_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la there_o be_v another_o difficulty_n relate_v to_o the_o book_n of_o the_o flesh_n or_o of_o the_o principle_n from_o whence_o be_v take_v what_o we_o say_v in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n come_v out_o of_o the_o heart_n aristotle_n in_o the_o aforecited_a passage_n after_o have_v remark_v that_o almost_o all_o the_o physician_n consent_v with_o polybius_n to_o bring_v the_o vein_n from_o the_o head_n conclude_v they_o be_v all_o in_o a_o error_n not_o know_v that_o they_o come_v from_o the_o heart_n and_o not_o from_o the_o head_n if_o hypocrates_n be_v the_o author_n of_o that_o book_n of_o the_o flesh_n wherein_o this_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n be_v plain_o lay_v down_o how_o be_v it_o likely_a this_o philosopher_n shall_v not_o know_v it_o why_o shall_v he_o not_o as_o well_o have_v read_v the_o write_n of_o hypocrates_n as_o those_o of_o polybius_n from_o hence_o we_o may_v infer_v that_o this_o book_n be_v no_o more_o hippocrate_n than_o that_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o bone_n perhaps_o aristotle_n choose_v rather_o in_o this_o place_n to_o cite_v polybius_n or_o synnesis_n of_o cyprus_n and_o diogenes_n apolloniates_n physician_n of_o small_a reputation_n in_o comparison_n of_o hypocrates_n than_o to_o cite_v hypocrates_n himself_o who_o name_n we_o sin_v but_o in_o 4._o in_o politâ—c_n li._n 7._o cap._n 4._o one_o place_n of_o his_o work_n and_o there_o mention_v only_a en_fw-fr passant_a perhaps_o i_o say_v he_o have_v omit_v to_o quote_v he_o out_o of_o malice_n or_o envy_n plato_n show_v more_o honour_n have_v make_v honourable_a mention_n of_o he_o in_o several_a place_n perhaps_o the_o book_n in_o question_n be_v not_o hippocrates_n for_o neither_o do_v we_o find_v the_o title_n of_o it_o in_o the_o list_n that_o erotian_n give_v of_o his_o work_n of_o the_o description_n of_o the_o heart_n among_o the_o anatomical_a book_n ascribe_v to_o hypocrates_n there_o be_v none_o write_v with_o more_o exactness_n than_o that_o of_o the_o heart_n which_o be_v very_o short_a we_o give_v you_o here_o the_o entire_a translation_n of_o it_o the_o heart_n say_v the_o author_n of_o this_o book_n be_v of_o a_o pyramidal_a figure_n its_o colour_n be_v a_o deep_a red_a it_o be_v encompass_v on_o all_o side_n with_o a_o close_v membrane_n
transparent_a the_o light_n and_o luminous_a body_n be_v 〈◊〉_d be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d reflect_v and_o by_o this_o reflection_n vision_n be_v make_v vision_n be_v not_o make_v by_o what_o be_v not_o diaphanous_a and_o do_v not_o reflect_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o white_a about_o the_o eye_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o flesh_n and_o what_o we_o call_v the_o sight_n appear_v black_a because_o it_o be_v deep_a the_o tunicle_n which_o be_v about_o it_o be_v black_a for_o the_o same_o reason_n we_o call_v say_v he_o a_o membrane_n or_o tunicle_n that_o which_o be_v like_o a_o skin_n which_o be_v no_o way_n black_a of_o itself_o but_o white_a and_o transparent_a as_o for_o the_o moisture_n which_o be_v in_o the_o eye_n it_o be_v something_o viscid_a for_o we_o have_v sometime_o see_v after_o the_o break_n of_o the_o eye_n that_o there_o come_v out_o a_o thick_a humour_n which_o be_v liquid_a while_o it_o be_v warm_a but_o solid_a as_o incense_v when_o it_o be_v cold_a those_o that_o think_v that_o hypocrates_n know_v as_o much_o as_o we_o do_v now_o may_v say_v that_o he_o call_v the_o optic_a nerve_n vein_n it_o be_v true_a this_o name_n signify_v variety_n of_o thing_n in_o this_o author_n for_o he_o give_v it_o not_o only_o to_o the_o artery_n but_o likewise_o to_o the_o vessel_n which_o contain_v no_o blood_n such_o as_o the_o ureter_n because_o they_o be_v round_o long_o hollow_a and_o white_a like_a vein_n he_o do_v indeed_o sometime_o distinguish_v certain_a vein_n by_o the_o epithet_n of_o 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d vein_n that_o hold_v blood_n but_o it_o be_v not_o in_o opposition_n to_o the_o nerve_n but_o to_o certain_a vessel_n which_o he_o call_v nat._n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d lib_n de_fw-fr ossium_fw-la nat._n vein_n that_o be_v very_o slender_a and_o contain_v but_o little_a blood_n he_o talk_v also_o of_o a_o nerve_n full_a of_o blood_n which_o according_a to_o erotian_n shall_v be_v a_o vein_n though_o other_o understand_v by_o it_o the_o panniculus_fw-la carnosus_fw-la a_o learned_a interpreter_n of_o hypocrates_n pretend_v that_o he_o give_v to_o some_o vein_n the_o epithet_n of_o hollow_a to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o vein_n that_o be_v 〈◊〉_d be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d vid._n foesii_n oâ—comom_n hippâ—c_fw-la invoce_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d solid_a but_o i_o find_v not_o this_o late_a word_n in_o hypocrates_n though_o the_o hollow_a vein_n there_o cite_v may_v be_v mean_v of_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n in_o general_a which_o be_v both_o hollow_a vessel_n the_o same_o interpreter_n say_v elsewhere_o 〈◊〉_d elsewhere_o id._n in_o voce_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o hypocrates_n in_o one_o place_n comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o vein_n nerve_n tendon_n and_o ligament_n which_o he_o appear_v not_o to_o i_o to_o prove_v rusus_n ephesius_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o most_o ancient_a greek_n call_v the_o artery_n nerve_n if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o hypocrates_n call_v the_o optic_a nerve_n vein_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v say_v that_o the_o ancient_n reciprocal_o call_v the_o nerve_n by_o the_o name_n of_o artery_n and_o vein_n all_o that_o we_o can_v gather_v from_o all_o this_o be_v that_o the_o inaccurateness_n of_o hypocrates_n and_o other_o author_n of_o those_o time_n in_o distinguish_v different_a vessel_n by_o different_a name_n show_v that_o they_o have_v but_o a_o very_a superficial_a knowledge_n of_o they_o perhaps_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d vein_n be_v a_o term_n as_o general_a among_o they_o as_o 〈◊〉_d as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o of_o vessel_n among_o the_o anatomist_n since_o which_o signify_v indifferent_o a_o vein_n artery_n or_o nerve_n or_o even_o the_o vreter_n or_o any_o other_o part_n that_o serve_v for_o the_o conveyance_n of_o liquor_n or_o spirit_n if_o it_o be_v so_o the_o ancient_n run_v no_o risk_a when_o they_o call_v all_o the_o vessel_n vein_n without_o distinction_n of_o the_o fibre_n before_o we_o quit_v the_o nerve_n we_o must_v examine_v the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d who_o plural_a make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o which_o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o hypocrates_n signify_v equal_o a_o fiber_n and_o a_o nerve_n some_o say_v erotian_n will_n have_v this_o word_n to_o signify_v a_o nerve_n other_o explain_v it_o only_o of_o the_o fibre_n whereof_o the_o nerve_n be_v compose_v the_o greek_a author_n that_o have_v write_v of_o plant_n have_v call_v by_o this_o name_n the_o nerve_n or_o string_n which_o appear_v on_o the_o back_n of_o leave_n and_o the_o string_n at_o the_o end_n of_o root_n the_o anatomist_n have_v give_v the_o same_o name_n to_o the_o small_a string_n which_o be_v in_o the_o flesh_n and_o other_o part_n and_o the_o latin_n have_v translate_v it_o fibrae_fw-la hypocrates_n have_v undeniable_o use_v the_o word_n in_o that_o sense_n as_o when_o he_o observe_v that_o the_o spleen_n be_v full_a of_o string_n or_o fibre_n he_o take_v notice_n also_o of_o the_o fibre_n in_o the_o blood_n but_o it_o be_v pretend_v likewise_o that_o he_o signify_v the_o nerve_n by_o it_o to_o prove_v it_o a_o passage_n be_v cite_v where_o he_o say_v natur._n say_v de_fw-fr ossiâ—m_n natur._n that_o the_o heart_n have_v nerve_n or_o fibre_n which_o come_v from_o all_o the_o body_n he_o use_v there_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o we_o find_v not_o where_o else_o but_o foesius_n read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d this_o latter_a word_n may_v as_o well_o be_v render_v fiber_n as_o nerve_n that_o which_o incline_v we_o to_o the_o late_a signification_n be_v what_o he_o add_v as_o a_o proof_n that_o the_o seat_n of_o thought_n be_v rather_o about_o the_o thorax_n than_o any_o other_o place_n of_o the_o body_n because_o this_o agree_v with_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o who_o bring_v the_o nerve_n from_o the_o heart_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v hereafter_o but_o perhaps_o neither_o the_o common_a read_n nor_o that_o of_o foesius_n be_v true_a and_o we_o ought_v to_o read_v with_o cornarius_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d habenas_fw-la the_o reins_o change_v one_o letter_n it_o alter_v not_o the_o pronunciation_n this_o author_n translate_v this_o passage_n thus_o the_o heart_n be_v situate_v as_o in_o the_o strait_n of_o a_o passage_n that_o it_o may_v hold_v the_o reins_o for_o the_o guidance_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n for_o this_o reason_n thought_n have_v its_o seat_n about_o the_o thorax_n or_o breast_n rather_o than_o any_o other_o part_n the_o change_n of_o colour_n also_o be_v produce_v by_o the_o open_n and_o shut_v of_o the_o vein_n by_o the_o heart_n when_o it_o open_v they_o it_o look_v fresh_a and_o lively_a when_o it_o shut_v they_o we_o become_v pale_a and_o wan_a of_o the_o muscle_n there_o be_v little_o more_o to_o be_v find_v in_o hypocrates_n concern_v their_o muscle_n than_o their_o name_n the_o follow_a passage_n be_v the_o first_o that_o take_v notice_n of_o they_o arte._n they_o lib._n de_fw-fr arte._n the_o part_n who_o flesh_n be_v turn_v round_o which_o be_v what_o we_o call_v a_o muns_z a_o muns_z muscle_n have_v all_o a_o belly_n or_o a_o cavity_n 〈◊〉_d cavity_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o all_o that_o be_v not_o compose_v of_o part_n of_o a_o different_a nature_n whether_o it_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o membrane_n or_o whether_o the_o flesh_n cover_v it_o all_o that_o be_v hollow_a and_o while_o it_o be_v well_o it_o be_v full_a of_o spirit_n but_o when_o it_o be_v disease_v it_o be_v fill_v with_o a_o sort_n of_o water_n or_o corrupt_a blood_n the_o arm_n have_v flesh_n of_o this_o sort_n the_o thigh_n and_o the_o leg_n the_o same_o as_o well_o as_o the_o most_o meager_a and_o fleshless_a part_n we_o find_v in_o another_o place_n the_o word_n nat._n word_n de_fw-fr off._n nat._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o can_v be_v nothing_o but_o a_o adjective_n to_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v understand_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d musculi_fw-la adductores_fw-la or_o adstrictore_n the_o muscle_n which_o serve_v to_o draw_v back_o or_o gather_v together_o he_o speak_v there_o of_o the_o anus_fw-la i_o know_v not_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o other_o particular_a wherein_o the_o action_n of_o the_o muscle_n be_v touch_v as_o for_o the_o name_n the_o succeed_a anatomist_n distinguish_v the_o muscle_n he_o have_v speak_v in_o one_o place_n of_o the_o muscle_n call_v artic_a call_v lib_fw-la de_fw-fr artic_a psoas_n of_o the_o oesophagus_n of_o the_o stomach_n or_o ventricle_n and_o of_o the_o gut_n anatom_n gut_n lib._n de_fw-fr anatom_n the_o oesophagus_n according_a to_o hypocrates_n be_v a_o tunnel_n which_o reach_v from_o the_o tongue_n to_o the_o stomach_n which_o be_v the_o
the_o great_a artery_n only_o in_o all_o the_o succeed_a anatomist_n hâ—â—_n hypocrates_n under_o that_o name_n comprehend_v the_o vena_fw-la arteriosa_fw-la also_o the_o aortae_fw-fr these_o membrane_n be_v dispose_v by_o pair_n for_o to_o every_o orifice_n nature_n have_v frame_v three_o which_o be_v round_o above_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o semicircle_n those_o that_o know_v these_o membrane_n wonder_v how_o they_o can_v shut_v the_o aortae_fw-fr and_o if_o any_o one_o word_n one_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o word_n foesius_n translate_v thus_o siquis_fw-la veteris_fw-la instituti_fw-la probè_fw-la gnarus_fw-la mortui_fw-la animalis_fw-la cord_n exempto_fw-la hanc_fw-la quidem_fw-la demat_fw-la illam_fw-la vero_fw-la reclinet_fw-la neque_fw-la aqua_fw-la in_o cor_fw-la penetrare_fw-la nec_fw-la flatus_fw-la emitti_fw-la poterit_fw-la and_o cornarius_n much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n siquis_fw-la veteris_fw-la eximendi_fw-la cor_fw-la mortui_fw-la moris_fw-la goarus_fw-la aliam_fw-la auferat_fw-la aliam_fw-la reclinet_fw-la neque_fw-la aqua_fw-la etc._n etc._n why_o these_o translator_n render_v the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o that_o of_o mos_n or_o institutum_fw-la which_o it_o do_v not_o signify_v be_v a_o mystery_n to_o i_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v translare_v ordo_fw-la with_o relation_n to_o the_o membrane_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d according_a to_o erotian_n be_v a_o attic_a word_n signisâ—ing_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o order_n i_o explain_v alsâ—_n the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ancient_n by_o the_o term_n natural_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ordo_fw-la vetus_fw-la seu_fw-la naturalis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v erotian_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d auferat_fw-la i_o read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d firmet_fw-la which_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v the_o true_a read_n but_o that_o the_o former_a creep_v into_o its_o place_n through_o the_o error_n of_o the_o copyists_n mislead_v by_o affinity_n of_o the_o sound_n of_o those_o two_o word_n who_o understand_v the_o ancient_a order_n or_o the_o natural_a order_n and_o disposition_n of_o this_o membrane_n take_v out_o one_o rank_n or_o keep_v one_o rank_n stretch_v and_o close_v the_o other_o neither_o water_n nor_o wind_n can_v get_v into_o the_o heart_n these_o membrane_n be_v dispose_v with_o more_o art_n or_o more_o exactness_n on_o the_o left-side_n than_o the_o right_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v because_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n or_o the_o reasonable_a soul_n which_o be_v above_o the_o other_o soul_n have_v its_o seat_n in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n this_o soul_n have_v not_o its_o nourishment_n from_o the_o meat_n which_o come_v from_o the_o belly_n but_o from_o a_o pure_a luminous_a matter_n separate_v from_o the_o blood_n this_o matter_n which_o serve_v for_o aliment_n to_o the_o soul_n be_v abundant_o furnish_v from_o the_o neighbour_a receptacle_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o cast_v its_o ray_n round_o as_o the_o natural_a nourishment_n which_o come_v from_o the_o intestine_n and_o belly_n be_v distribute_v into_o all_o part_n and_o for_o fear_n lest_o that_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o artery_n shall_v hinder_v the_o course_n of_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o give_v a_o check_n to_o its_o motion_n the_o orifice_n of_o this_o artery_n be_v close_v as_o aforesaid_a for_o the_o great_a artery_n be_v nourish_v from_o the_o belly_n and_o intestine_n and_o not_o by_o this_o first_o or_o principal_a nourishment_n but_o the_o great_a artery_n be_v not_o nourish_v by_o the_o blood_n which_o we_o see_v as_o be_v manifest_a by_o open_v the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o any_o animal_n for_o we_o find_v it_o quite_o empty_a or_o find_v nothing_o in_o it_o but_o serous_a humour_n or_o a_o little_a bile_n and_o the_o aforesaid_a membrane_n but_o the_o artery_n be_v never_o without_o blood_n nor_o the_o right_a ventricle_n this_o vessel_n therefore_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o make_n of_o those_o membrane_n for_o the_o passage_n out_o of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n be_v likewise_o furnish_v with_o membrane_n but_o the_o blood_n move_v upon_o that_o side_n but_o feeble_o this_o way_n be_v open_a on_o the_o side_n to_o carry_v the_o blood_n thither_o for_o its_o nourishment_n but_o it_o be_v shut_v towards_o the_o heart_n so_o that_o way_n be_v leave_v for_o the_o air_n to_o pass_v insensible_o from_o the_o lung_n to_o the_o heart_n not_o in_o great_a quantity_n for_o the_o heat_n which_o in_o this_o part_n be_v but_o feeble_a will_v be_v overpower_a by_o the_o cold_a the_o blood_n not_o be_v natural_o warm_a no_o more_o than_o water_n which_o receive_v its_o heat_n from_o elsewhere_o though_o most_o believe_v it_o be_v hot_a in_o its_o own_o nature_n this_o book_n of_o the_o heart_n will_v give_v we_o the_o great_a idea_n of_o the_o anatomy_n of_o hypocrates_n and_o his_o exactness_n but_o it_o be_v one_o of_o those_o that_o be_v not_o acknowledge_v either_o by_o erotian_n or_o galen_n what_o the_o author_n say_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o book_n of_o the_o passage_n of_o one_o part_n of_o the_o drink_n into_o the_o lung_n be_v a_o very_a ancient_a opinion_n and_o maintain_v by_o plato_n who_o must_v have_v it_o from_o the_o physician_n that_o precede_v he_o of_o which_o hypocrates_n be_v most_o considerable_a we_o may_v infer_v that_o the_o book_n in_o which_o this_o opinion_n be_v maintain_v be_v his_o but_o those_o who_o forge_v this_o book_n may_v on_o purpose_n insert_v this_o opinion_n to_o warrant_v its_o antiquity_n we_o shall_v see_v hereafter_o further_a proof_n that_o it_o be_v spurious_a in_o the_o chapter_n of_o aristotle_n and_o erasistratus_n this_o opinion_n be_v repeat_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o bone_n it_o be_v indeed_o ample_o refute_v in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o disease_n but_o most_o author_n agree_v this_o late_a book_n not_o to_o be_v hippocrates_n we_o shall_v find_v something_o more_o of_o importance_n in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o fibre_n we_o have_v see_v already_o three_o different_a opinion_n take_v from_o the_o write_n of_o hypocrates_n concern_v the_o origin_n of_o the_o vein_n there_o be_v yet_o a_o four_o and_o what_o be_v more_o particular_a this_o late_a opinion_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o same_o book_n with_o the_o three_o i_o mean_v the_o book_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o bone_n in_o which_o the_o vein_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o head_n the_o passage_n be_v this_o the_o vein_n which_o be_v spread_v through_o the_o body_n and_o which_o give_v it_o nerve_n it_o see_v the_o chapter_n of_o the_o nerve_n the_o spirit_n the_o flux_n and_o the_o motion_n be_v all_o branch_n of_o one_o vein_n whence_o it_o draw_v its_o origin_n or_o it_o terminate_v i_o know_v not_o but_o suppose_v a_o circle_n a_o beginning_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v something_o like_o this_o be_v what_o we_o read_v in_o initia_fw-la in_o de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o hom_n sub_fw-la initia_fw-la another_o place_n there_o be_v no_o origin_n or_o beginning_n in_o the_o body_n but_o the_o part_n be_v equal_o both_o beginning_n and_o end_n for_o in_o a_o circle_n there_o be_v no_o beginning_n there_o be_v some_o other_o passage_n parallel_v to_o these_o aluman_n these_o lib._n the_o aluman_n the_o nourishment_n come_v from_o the_o inward_a part_n to_o the_o hair_n nail_n and_o outward_a superficies_n it_o go_v likewise_o from_o the_o external_a part_n and_o superficies_n to_o the_o internal_a all_o agree_v consent_n and_o conspire_v together_o in_o the_o body_n and_o a_o little_a after_o ibid._n after_o ibid._n the_o great_a principle_n reach_v to_o the_o extremity_n and_o the_o extremity_n to_o the_o great_a principle_n ibid._n principle_n ibid._n the_o milk_n and_o the_o blood_n come_v from_o the_o superfluity_n of_o the_o nourishment_n or_o be_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o body_n shop_n body_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o same_o word_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o diet._n we_o find_v there_o likewise_o these_o follow_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o turn_v about_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d gyration_n or_o turn_v round_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d term_n use_v by_o hypocrates_n to_o signify_v the_o mechanism_n of_o our_o body_n by_o a_o allusion_n to_o the_o method_n use_v by_o artificer_n of_o all_o sort_n in_o their_o shop_n the_o circulation_n go_v a_o great_a way_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o faetus_fw-la and_o to_o the_o nourishment_n after_o the_o nourishment_n be_v perform_v what_o remain_v return_n and_o turn_v to_o milk_n and_o become_v nourishment_n to_o the_o mother_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o faetus_fw-la and_o again_o the_o same_o way_n which_o lead_v upward_o lead_v also_o downward_o or_o there_o be_v but_o one_o way_n which_o go_v both_o upward_o and_o downward_o hom._n