the_o office_n of_o artery_n and_o that_o the_o porta_n have_v so_o great_a society_n with_o the_o porus_n bilarius_fw-la that_o both_o their_o twig_n be_v strait_o tie_v together_o in_o the_o same_o cover_n 4._o that_o the_o shoot_v of_o the_o say_a vessel_n be_v not_o join_v by_o anastomosis_n but_o that_o the_o grape-stone-like_a glandule_n make_v the_o chief_a substance_n of_o the_o liver_n be_v a_o medium_n between_o the_o import_v and_o export_v vessel_n so_o that_o by_o the_o interposition_n of_o these_o the_o importer_n transfuse_v their_o liquor_n into_o the_o exporter_n from_o these_o observation_n he_o conclude_v the_o liver_n to_o be_v a_o conglomerate_v gland_n separate_v the_o bile_n and_o because_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o the_o conglomerate_v gland_n to_o have_v beside_o artery_n vein_n and_o nerve_n a_o proper_a excretory_n vessel_n as_o in_o the_o pancreas_n etc._n etc._n disperse_v through_o their_o substance_n and_o draw_v out_o and_o carry_v away_o the_o humour_n design_v for_o they_o this_o kind_n of_o vessel_n in_o the_o liver_n be_v the_o porus_n bilarius_fw-la with_o the_o gallbladder_n and_o this_o be_v a_o very_a probable_a account_n of_o it_o it_o have_v two_o sort_n of_o vein_n vein_n in_o its_o upper_a part_n the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la enter_v into_o it_o and_o spread_v itself_o all_o through_o it_o in_o the_o low_a as_o well_o as_o upper_a part_n into_o the_o low_a side_n the_o vena_fw-la porta_fw-la be_v insert_v who_o branch_n likewise_o run_v through_o its_o whole_a parenchyma_n of_o both_o these_o vein_n more_o full_o in_o the_o two_o follow_a chapter_n it_o have_v but_o very_o small_a and_o few_o artery_n artery_n for_o the_o porta_n serve_v it_o for_o a_o artery_n bring_v blood_n to_o it_o those_o which_o it_o have_v do_v all_o arise_v from_o the_o right_a branch_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la coeliaca_fw-la call_v hepatica_n there_o where_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o vena_fw-la porte_fw-fr whence_o be_v sustain_v by_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o caul_n it_o ascend_v to_o the_o hollow_a of_o the_o liver_n just_a by_o the_o porta_n on_o who_o coat_n with_o the_o bilary_a vessel_n and_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o liver_n it_o be_v whole_o spend_v for_o as_o be_v say_v the_o parenchyma_n be_v nourish_v by_o the_o blood_n bring_v by_o the_o porta_n it_o have_v nerve_n from_o the_o intercostal_n pair_n nerve_n namely_o one_o from_o the_o stomachical_a branch_n thereof_o another_o from_o the_o mesenterical_a call_v hepaticus_fw-la but_o the_o nerve_n be_v extend_v only_o to_o the_o membrane_n and_o vessel_n of_o the_o liver_n as_o the_o artery_n be_v so_o that_o the_o parenchyma_n have_v but_o a_o very_a dull_a sense_n till_o the_o ductus_fw-la thoracicus_n chyliferus_n be_v find_v out_o lymphduct_n it_o be_v still_o believe_v that_o the_o venae_fw-la lacteae_fw-la be_v insert_v into_o the_o liver_n which_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o great_a organ_n of_o sanguification_n but_o now_o it_o be_v know_v for_o certain_a that_o no_o lacteae_fw-la at_o all_o go_v to_o the_o liver_n but_o that_o those_o vessel_n which_o be_v take_v for_o such_o be_v lymphatic_a vessel_n carry_v from_o it_o a_o most_o lympid_a and_o pellucid_a juice_n that_o they_o be_v disperse_v in_o the_o parenchyma_n of_o the_o liver_n have_v not_o yet_o be_v observe_v but_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o they_o arise_v from_o its_o gland_n and_o come_v out_o of_o its_o hollow_a or_o low_a side_n with_o the_o porta_n they_o encompass_v it_o round_o as_o also_o the_o ductus_fw-la communis_fw-la pass_v most_o towards_o the_o mesentery_n and_o under_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la near_o the_o pancreas_n that_o be_v knit_v to_o the_o stomach_n and_o duodenum_fw-la a_o great_a many_o do_v pass_v over_o a_o certain_a gland_n sometime_o two_o or_o three_o lie_v under_o the_o vena_fw-la porta_fw-la and_o often_o adhere_v to_o it_o and_o from_o thence_o with_o many_o other_o pass_v by_o the_o gland_n they_o open_v themselves_o into_o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n that_o these_o vessel_n bring_v nothing_o to_o the_o liver_n and_o so_o can_v be_v lacteal_v be_v apparent_a for_o if_o in_o a_o live-creature_n you_o make_v a_o ligature_n betwixt_o the_o stomach_n and_o liver_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o mesentery_n that_o knit_v the_o liver_n to_o the_o stomach_n and_o intestin_n in_o which_o ligature_n let_v the_o vena_fw-la porte_fw-fr and_o ductus_fw-la communis_fw-la be_v comprehend_v these_o vessel_n will_v present_o swell_v betwixt_o the_o ligature_n and_o the_o liver_n but_o be_v empty_a on_o that_o side_n towards_o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n and_o the_o same_o be_v evident_a from_o their_o valve_n also_o which_o open_a towards_o the_o say_a receptacle_n but_o hinder_v any_o thing_n from_o come_v back_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o liver_n concern_v these_o we_o shall_v forbear_v to_o speak_v here_o vessel_n design_v a_o particular_a chapt._n for_o they_o viz._n ch_n 14._o hypocrates_n in_o lib._n 4._o de_fw-fr morb._n say_v sanguifie_v the_o fountain_n of_o blood_n be_v the_o heart_n the_o place_n of_o choler_n be_v in_o the_o liver_n this_o come_v very_a near_o the_o truth_n as_o shall_v appear_v hereafter_o but_o from_o galen_n downward_o it_o be_v general_o hold_v that_o the_o mesaraick_n vein_n receive_v the_o chyle_n from_o the_o gut_n and_o bring_v it_o to_o the_o liver_n where_o it_o be_v turn_v into_o blood_n and_o carry_v from_o thence_o into_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n by_o the_o vein_n yea_o and_o after_o the_o venae_fw-la lacteae_fw-la be_v find_v out_o they_o will_v needs_o have_v they_o to_o terminate_v in_o it_o think_v it_o the_o sit_v bowel_v for_o sanguification_n and_o presume_v that_o that_o task_n must_v be_v perform_v by_o some_o or_o other_o it_o will_v be_v needless_a here_o to_o stand_v to_o confute_v these_o opinion_n now_o that_o all_o the_o world_n be_v convince_v of_o their_o falsity_n and_o by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v they_o may_v sufficient_o appear_v to_o be_v erroneous_a no_o chyle_n at_o all_o come_n to_o the_o liver_n how_o and_o where_o sanguification_n be_v perform_v we_o shall_v show_v when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o heart_n and_o here_o we_o shall_v declare_v the_o true_a use_n of_o the_o liver_n the_o liver_n then_o be_v discharge_v from_o sanguification_n liver_n it_o serve_v to_o separate_v the_o bile_n from_o the_o blood_n bring_v plentiful_o to_o it_o by_o the_o vena_fw-la porte_fw-fr concern_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o bile_n there_o have_v be_v divers_a opinion_n the_o ancient_n among_o who_o be_v aristotle_n think_v it_o to_o be_v a_o mere_a excrement_n and_o to_o be_v of_o no_o other_o use_n than_o by_o its_o acrimony_n to_o promote_v the_o excretion_n of_o the_o gut_n and_o this_o opinion_n prevail_v so_o long_o as_o it_o be_v believe_v that_o the_o liver_n have_v a_o noble_a action_n than_o to_o transcolate_v this_o choler_n but_o now_o it_o be_v find_v out_o that_o it_o have_v no_o other_o office_n it_o be_v believe_v that_o so_o bulky_a a_o bowel_v be_v never_o make_v for_o the_o separation_n of_o a_o mere_a excrement_n and_o therefore_o they_o think_v it_o to_o be_v a_o ferment_n for_o the_o chyle_n and_o blood_n whereby_o if_o they_o be_v not_o attenuate_v and_o prepare_v they_o can_v not_o be_v enspirited_a in_o the_o heart_n this_o new_a doctrine_n i_o shall_v give_v entire_o out_o of_o diemerbroeck_n p._n 154._o the_o venous_a blood_n flow_v into_o the_o liver_n by_o the_o porta_n out_o of_o the_o gastrick_n and_o mesaraick_n vein_n and_o may_v be_v a_o little_a by_o the_o hepatick_a artery_n be_v mix_v with_o a_o acrimonious_a saltish_a and_o subacid_a juice_n make_v in_o the_o spleen_n of_o the_o arterious_a blood_n flow_v thither_o by_o the_o artery_n and_o of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n by_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o porta_n by_o the_o ramus_fw-la splenicus_fw-la now_o both_o these_o be_v enter_v the_o liver_n by_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o porta_n by_o mean_n of_o this_o say_v acrimonious_a and_o acid_a juice_n and_o the_o specific_a virtue_n or_o coction_n of_o the_o liver_n the_o spirituous_a particle_n both_o sulphureous_a and_o salt_n lie_v hide_v in_o the_o say_v venous_a blood_n be_v dissolve_v attenuate_v and_o become_v also_o a_o little_a acrimonious_a and_o ferment_a a_o certain_a thin_a part_n whereof_o like_o most_o clear_a water_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o other_o thick_a mass_n of_o the_o blood_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o conglobated_a gland_n place_v most_o in_o the_o hollow_a side_n of_o the_o liver_n be_v carry_v from_o thence_o by_o many_o lymphduct_n as_o have_v be_v say_v but_o the_o fermentaceous_a spirit_n of_o great_a acrimony_n mix_v with_o the_o thick_a and_o more_o viscid_a sulphureous_a juice_n for_o sulphur_n be_v viscid_a and_o more_o strong_o boil_v whenas_o through_o the_o clamminess_n of_o the_o juice_n in_o which_o they_o
fr._n silvius_n malpighius_n diemerbroeck_n etc._n etc._n affirm_v it_o to_o have_v many_o which_o arise_v from_o its_o conglobate_a gland_n pass_n through_o the_o omentum_fw-la very_o plain_o into_o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n see_v they_o express_v in_o the_o follow_a figure_n of_o a_o calf_n spleen_n the_o ancient_n know_v neither_o the_o true_a passage_n of_o the_o chyle_n use_v nor_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n err_v gross_o as_o to_o the_o use_n of_o this_o part_n they_o think_v that_o it_o attract_v a_o more_o feculent_a and_o melancholic_a part_n of_o the_o chyle_n by_o the_o ramus_fw-la splenicus_fw-la which_o have_v a_o little_a elaborate_v it_o send_v it_o out_o again_o partly_o by_o the_o vas_fw-la breve_fw-la and_o partly_o by_o the_o internal_a hemorrhoidal_n but_o it_o be_v certain_a both_o that_o no_o chyle_n nor_o indeed_o blood_n pass_v by_o the_o ramus_fw-la splenicus_fw-la to_o the_o spleen_n as_o neither_o any_o thing_n from_o the_o spleen_n by_o the_o abovesaid_a vessel_n but_o whatever_o they_o contain_v come_v towards_o the_o spleen_n namely_o into_o the_o ramus_n and_o what_o be_v in_o it_o go_v to_o the_o liver_n one_o need_v add_v no_o further_a reason_n to_o evince_v the_o error_n of_o their_o opinion_n nor_o that_o of_o those_o that_o will_v make_v it_o a_o sanguify_a bowel_v dr._n glisson_n in_o lib._n de_fw-fr hepate_n cap._n 45._o p._n 434._o think_v it_o to_o make_v a_o alimentary_a juice_n or_o at_o least_o a_o vehicle_n for_o it_o which_o be_v first_o imbibe_v by_o its_o nervous_a fibres_n be_v from_o they_o receive_v into_o the_o nerve_n by_o which_o it_o be_v first_o carry_v to_o the_o glandulae_fw-la renales_fw-la where_o be_v refine_v it_o be_v receive_v again_o by_o the_o nerve_n and_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o brain_n and_o spinal_a marrow_n and_o from_o thence_o by_o the_o nerve_n again_o into_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n we_o will_v not_o here_o enter_v into_o a_o dispute_n about_o the_o nutritious_a juice_n of_o the_o nerve_n but_o suppose_v it_o certain_o this_o seem_v a_o odd_a way_n of_o convey_v either_o it_o or_o its_o vehicle_n thus_o to_o and_o again_o by_o the_o same_o sort_n of_o vessel_n not_o to_o say_v that_o so_o acid_a a_o juice_n as_o be_v excoct_v in_o the_o spleen_n one_o shall_v think_v will_v be_v no_o very_o welcome_a guest_n to_o the_o nerve_n nor_o be_v suffer_v to_o march_v so_o quiet_o especial_o pass_v against_o the_o current_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n that_o continual_o flow_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o spinal_a marrow_n this_o opinion_n therefore_o we_o shall_v pass_v by_o as_o very_o improbable_a have_v little_a else_o to_o recommend_v it_o save_v the_o credit_n of_o its_o learned_a author_n and_o its_o true_a use_n we_o believe_v to_o be_v to_o make_v a_o subacid_n and_o saltish_a juice_n of_o the_o arterial_a blood_n that_o flow_v plentiful_o into_o it_o which_o pass_v by_o the_o ramus_fw-la splenicus_fw-la to_o the_o liver_n serve_v there_o to_o make_v and_o further_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o bile_n now_o this_o juice_n be_v thus_o elaborate_v there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o gland_n in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o spleen_n which_o be_v boil_v taste_v something_o acid_a into_o these_o gland_n be_v the_o arterial_a blood_n pour_v by_o the_o capillary_a artery_n wherewith_o be_v mix_v some_o animal_n spirit_n deposit_v into_o the_o same_o glandule_n by_o the_o end_n of_o the_o nerve_n which_o bridle_v the_o sulphureous_a spirit_n of_o the_o blood_n induce_v on_o it_o a_o little_a acidity_n and_o then_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o the_o glandule_n by_o the_o beat_n of_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o adjacent_a part_n it_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o root_n of_o the_o splenick_n vein_n and_o so_o by_o the_o ramus_fw-la splenicus_fw-la it_o flow_v to_o the_o porta_n and_o the_o liver_n but_o before_o it_o enter_v into_o the_o root_n of_o the_o vein_n it_o seem_v to_o stay_v a_o little_a in_o the_o abovementioned_a cell_n who_o substance_n be_v acid_a that_o it_o may_v acquire_v some_o more_o acidity_n by_o that_o stay_n in_o they_o as_o wine_n stand_v in_o a_o vinegar-vessel_n sour_v more_o and_o more_o and_o as_o the_o bile_n by_o stay_v in_o the_o gallbladder_n get_v a_o great_a acrimony_n the_o explication_n of_o the_o figure_n figure_n i._o represent_v the_o pancreas_n from_o dr._n wharton_n aa_o the_o parenchyma_n of_o the_o pancreas_n open_v b_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o ductus_fw-la pancreaticus_fw-la ccc_o its_o branch_n d_o the_o ductus_fw-la bilarius_fw-la join_v to_o the_o pancreatic_a dust_n e_o the_o duodenum_fw-la open_v f_o the_o insertion_n of_o these_o vessel_n tab_n iii_o pag._n 88_o fig._n 1_o fig._n 2_o fig._n 3_o fig._n ii_o represent_v the_o lymphatic_a and_o sanguineous_a vessel_n of_o the_o spleen_n tie_v a_o the_o spleen_n of_o a_o calf_n b_o the_o sanguineous_a and_o lymphatic_a vessel_n tie_v c_o the_o splenick_n vein_n d_o the_o splenick_n artery_n e_o the_o splenick_n nerve_n who_o number_n be_v uncertain_a f_o the_o lymphatic_a vessel_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o outer_a part_n of_o the_o spleen_n ffff_o the_o valve_n in_o the_o say_a vessel_n g_o the_o ligature_n fig._n iii_o represent_v a_o ox_n spleen_n aa_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o spleen_n cover_v with_o its_o proper_a coat_n b_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la porte_fw-fr c_o it_o be_v left_a or_o splenick_n branch_n d_o this_o branch_n open_v near_o the_o spleen_n that_o the_o valve_n b._n may_v appear_v i_fw-mi the_o coat_n of_o the_o spleen_n dissect_v and_o turn_v back_o that_o the_o progress_n and_o plexus_fw-la of_o the_o vessel_n and_o fibre_n may_v be_v show_v the_o better_a f_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o splenick_n artery_n which_o run_v through_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o spleen_n do_v dispense_v into_o it_o the_o little_a twig_n aaa_o b_o the_o valve_n in_o the_o splenick_n branch_n look_v outward_o to_o the_o porta_n ccc_o the_o hole_n which_o appear_v in_o the_o end_n of_o ramus_fw-la splenicus_fw-la lead_v from_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o spleen_n ddd_a nerve_n run_v along_o the_o side_n of_o the_o splenick_n artery_n eee_o the_o end_n of_o the_o ramus_fw-la splenicus_fw-la chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o kidney_n and_o the_o glandulae_fw-la renales_fw-la the_o kidney_n be_v call_v in_o latin_n ren_fw-it denomination_n from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o flow_v because_o the_o serosity_n of_o the_o blood_n do_v flow_v through_o the_o kidney_n to_o the_o ureter_n and_o through_o they_o to_o the_o bladder_n by_o the_o greek_n they_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d mingere_fw-la to_o make_v water_n they_o be_v in_o number_n two_o number_n both_o because_o of_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o the_o serous_a excrement_n that_o be_v to_o be_v discharge_v by_o they_o and_o also_o that_o one_o be_v stop_v the_o serum_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n may_v be_v transcolate_v by_o the_o other_o they_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o loin_n behind_o the_o stomach_n and_o intestin_n place_n and_o under_o the_o liver_n and_o spleen_n between_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la their_o low_a end_n rest_v on_o the_o head_n of_o the_o muscle_n psoas_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o mover_n of_o the_o thigh_n just_o where_o the_o nerve_n enter_v into_o it_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o a_o big_a stone_n be_v in_o the_o kidney_n and_o press_v on_o the_o nerve_n a_o numbness_n be_v feel_v in_o the_o thigh_n of_o the_o same_o side_n in_o man_n the_o right_a kidney_n be_v low_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o liver_n and_o common_o big_a also_o than_o the_o left_a yet_o it_o have_v not_o so_o much_o fat_a about_o it_o as_o the_o left_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o vicinity_n of_o the_o liver_n who_o heat_n hinder_v the_o increase_n of_o fat_a in_o figure_n they_o resemble_v the_o asarum_fw-la leaf_n or_o kidney-bean_n figure_n towards_o the_o loin_n or_o outward_n they_o be_v gibbous_a and_o also_o in_o their_o end_n on_o the_o inside_n but_o in_o the_o midst_n where_o the_o vessel_n enter_v in_o and_o go_v out_o they_o be_v hollow_a as_o for_o their_o connexion_n connexion_n by_o the_o external_a fat_a membrane_n they_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o diaphragma_n and_o the_o loin_n by_o the_o emulgent_a vessel_n to_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o the_o aorta_fw-mi and_o by_o the_o ureter_n to_o the_o bladder_n the_o right_n have_v the_o intestinum_fw-la caecum_fw-la join_v to_o it_o and_o sometime_o the_o liver_n the_o left_a have_v the_o spleen_n and_o the_o colon._n they_o be_v in_o length_n about_o five_o inch_n bigness_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o three_o and_o sometime_o four_o vertebra_n three_o finger_n breadth_n broad_a and_o one_o inch_n thick_a in_o salacious_a or_o lustful_a man_n they_o be_v common_o large_a than_o in_o other_o their_o membrane_n be_v two_o
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nerve_n be_v fill_v with_o animal_n spirit_n and_o the_o artery_n with_o hot_a and_o spirituous_a blood_n than_o the_o penis_n be_v distend_v and_o become_v erect_v but_o when_o the_o spirit_n cease_v to_o flow_v in_o than_o the_o blood_n and_o remain_a spirit_n be_v absorb_v by_o the_o vein_n and_o so_o the_o penis_n become_v limber_a and_o flaggy_a they_o spring_v from_o the_o low_a side_n of_o the_o os_fw-la pubis_fw-la at_o distinct_a original_n where_o they_o appear_v like_o two_o horn_n or_o be_v of_o a_o figure_n resemble_v the_o letter_n y_fw-fr that_o the_o vrethra_n may_v have_v room_n to_o pass_v between_o they_o when_o they_o leave_v the_o os_fw-la pubis_fw-la they_o be_v each_o cover_v with_o a_o several_a membrane_n and_o be_v afterward_o join_v together_o with_o only_a the_o septum_fw-la between_o which_o the_o near_a it_o come_v towards_o the_o glans_fw-la be_v the_o thin_a so_o that_o before_o it_o come_v to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o penis_n its_o fibre_n extend_v towards_o the_o back_n of_o the_o yard_n from_o the_o vrethra_n in_o order_n like_o a_o weaver_n slay_v and_o while_o it_o still_o go_v further_o its_o fibre_n by_o degree_n grow_v so_o very_o small_a that_o near_o the_o glans_fw-la the_o septum_fw-la be_v almost_o obliterated_a and_o the_o two_o nervous_a body_n grow_v into_o one_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o penis_n be_v equal_o erect_v for_o if_o the_o septum_fw-la have_v exact_o distinguish_v one_o part_n from_o the_o other_o it_o may_v sometime_o have_v so_o happen_v by_o the_o compression_n or_o obstruction_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o side_n that_o one_o part_n of_o it_o will_v have_v be_v extend_v and_o the_o other_o remain_v flaggy_a dr._n wharton_n affirm_v these_o nervous_a body_n have_v glandulous_a flesh_n within_o they_o which_o keep_v the_o yard_n something_o plump_a even_o when_o it_o be_v not_o erect_v but_o de_fw-fr graef_n deny_v this_o and_o demonstrate_v that_o they_o have_v no_o other_o substance_n than_o beforesaid_a thus_o let_v the_o yard_n be_v prepare_v thus_o first_o gentle_o squeeze_v the_o blood_n out_o of_o it_o which_o it_o always_o have_v in_o great_a or_o lesser_a plenty_n and_o then_o put_v a_o little_a tube_n into_o the_o spungy_a substance_n namely_o in_o at_o that_o end_n that_o be_v next_o to_o the_o os_fw-la pubis_fw-la and_o let_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o penis_n be_v half_o fill_v with_o water_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o syringe_n and_o shake_v the_o penis_n with_o the_o water_n in_o it_o pour_v out_o that_o bloody_a water_n and_o fill_v it_o again_o with_o clear_a and_o so_o three_o or_o four_o time_n till_o the_o water_n be_v no_o long_o stain_v with_o blood_n then_o betwixt_o two_o linen_n clothes_n squeeze_v out_o what_o water_n be_v in_o the_o nervous_a body_n and_o at_o length_n blow_v up_o the_o penis_n so_o long_o till_o it_o have_v its_o natural_a bigness_n in_o which_o posture_n if_o you_o will_v keep_v it_o you_o must_v tie_v it_o hard_o when_o the_o penis_n be_v thus_o distend_v and_o dry_v you_o may_v examine_v it_o as_o you_o please_v and_o will_v find_v no_o other_o substance_n than_o be_v mention_v diemerbroeck_n say_v that_o their_o substance_n be_v not_o a_o mere_a texture_n of_o vessel_n but_o be_v fibrous_a fungous_a and_o cavernous_a such_o as_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o lung_n receive_v in_o their_o hollow_a interstices_n blood_n and_o spirit_n out_o of_o the_o vessel_n that_o be_v disperse_v through_o their_o substance_n below_o these_o nervous_a body_n lie_v the_o vrethra_n urethra_n be_v of_o a_o much_o like_a substance_n to_o they_o save_v that_o its_o spungy_a part_n which_o be_v outer_a and_o low_a have_v less_o pore_n because_o of_o its_o small_a and_o more_o plentiful_a fibres_n this_o part_n do_v tumefy_v whensoever_o the_o nervous_a body_n do_v it_o be_v inner_a part_n be_v membranous_a round_a and_o hollow_a and_o exceed_v sensible_a it_o be_v of_o a_o equal_a largeness_n from_o one_o end_n to_o the_o other_o save_v in_o its_o forepart_n where_o the_o glans_fw-la be_v join_v to_o the_o nervous_a body_n for_o there_o it_o have_v a_o small_a cavern_n into_o which_o the_o acrimonious_a urine_n light_v in_o the_o stone_n of_o the_o bladder_n while_o it_o wheel_v about_o in_o it_o cause_v pain_n and_o be_v a_o great_a sign_n of_o the_o stone_n sometime_o also_o the_o acrimonious_a erode_a liquor_n in_o a_o gonorrhoea_n stay_v here_o do_v cause_n a_o most_o torment_a ulceration_n it_o be_v continuous_a to_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bladder_n but_o have_v not_o its_o rise_n from_o it_o nor_o be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o substance_n if_o you_o boil_v the_o bladder_n and_o it_o it_o will_v easy_o separate_v and_o appear_v of_o a_o clear_a other_o substance_n and_o colour_n it_o begin_v at_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bladder_n and_o reach_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o glans_fw-la which_o
it_o seem_v to_o bestow_v a_o membrane_n upon_o from_o its_o own_o inner_a one_o for_o it_o be_v plain_o continue_v from_o it_o it_o be_v use_n be_v to_o convey_v along_o the_o seed_n and_o urine_n and_o to_o that_o end_n there_o open_a into_o it_o small_a pore_n that_o transmit_v the_o seed_n into_o it_o from_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la seminales_fw-la of_o which_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n and_o also_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o vesica_fw-la vrinaria_fw-la which_o pour_v out_o the_o urine_n into_o it_o at_o which_o place_n it_o have_v a_o membranous_a valve_n of_o which_o likewise_o before_o in_o chap._n 19_o the_o muscle_n be_v two_o in_o each_o side_n muscle_n and_o so_o four_o in_o all_o of_o these_o one_o pair_n be_v call_v collateral_a muscle_n by_o other_o erectores_fw-la these_o be_v short_a and_o thick_a and_o spring_n from_o the_o appendix_n or_o knob_v of_o the_o coxendix_fw-la under_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o nervous_a body_n and_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o same_o a_o little_a from_o their_o beginning_n these_o serve_v for_o erection_n of_o the_o penis_n the_o second_o pair_n be_v long_o and_o small_a proceed_v from_o the_o sphincter_n of_o the_o anus_fw-la these_o pass_v straight_o by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vrethra_n and_o be_v insert_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o which_o they_o serve_v to_o dilate_v for_o miction_n and_o ejaculation_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o be_v call_v dilatantes_fw-la widener_n and_o acceleratores_fw-la or_o hastner_n these_o have_v be_v general_o hold_v to_o be_v the_o use_n of_o these_o muscle_n but_o the_o graef_n as_o also_o swammerdam_n not_o in_o prodr_n p._n 35._o assign_v a_o clear_a contrary_n to_o they_o and_o that_o with_o great_a show_n of_o reason_n for_o see_v the_o action_n of_o a_o muscle_n be_v contraction_n how_o shall_v the_o former_a pair_n extend_v the_o penis_n and_o not_o rather_o draw_v it_o back_o towards_o their_o original_n or_o how_o shall_v the_o latter_a serve_v to_o dilate_v the_o vrethra_n and_o not_o rather_o straiten_v it_o see_v in_o the_o action_n or_o contraction_n of_o a_o muscle_n its_o belly_n or_o middle_n swell_v therefore_o he_o say_v that_o the_o muscle_n only_o contribute_v thus_o far_o or_o in_o this_o respect_n to_o the_o extension_n or_o erection_n of_o the_o penis_n in_o as_o much_o as_o by_o their_o swell_a partly_o by_o blood_n and_o spirit_n flow_v into_o they_o partly_o by_o their_o proper_a action_n they_o serve_v to_o straiten_v and_o compress_v the_o root_n of_o the_o nervous_a body_n and_o the_o spungy_a part_n of_o the_o vrethra_n and_o so_o drive_v the_o blood_n that_o flow_v in_o by_o the_o artery_n towards_o the_o glans_fw-la and_o hinder_v its_o return_v back_o again_o by_o the_o vein_n even_o as_o we_o daily_o see_v in_o a_o piece_n of_o a_o gut_n which_o if_o we_o fill_v with_o wind_n or_o water_n and_o then_o compress_v one_o end_n we_o shall_v see_v the_o other_o strut_v out_o and_o be_v more_o distend_v the_o end_n or_o head_n of_o the_o penis_n be_v call_v glans_fw-la glans_fw-la and_o balanus_n into_o this_o the_o nervous_a body_n terminate_v and_o be_v a_o little_o thick_a on_o that_o side_n next_o they_o than_o they_o it_o encompass_n they_o with_o a_o circle_n like_o a_o crown_n on_o its_o forepart_n it_o be_v small_a and_o sharp_a it_o have_v a_o peculiar_a substance_n dr._n wharton_n say_v glandulous_a soft_a and_o spungy_a and_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o very_a thin_a membrane_n produce_v from_o the_o internal_a one_o of_o the_o vrethra_n which_o come_v out_o of_o its_o hollow_a dilate_v itself_o so_o as_o to_o cover_v all_o the_o glans_fw-la it_o thereby_o and_o from_o its_o proper_a substance_n much_o interweave_v with_o nerve_n become_v most_o exquisite_o sensible_a and_o be_v the_o principal_a seat_n of_o pleasure_n in_o copulation_n which_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v very_o great_a who_o will_v have_v take_v delight_n in_o so_o brutish_a a_o thing_n as_o venery_n to_o this_o purpose_n andreas_n laurentius_n elegant_o anat._n lib._n 7._o cap._n 1._o q._n 7._o who_o most_o strange_a will_v have_v solicit_v or_o accept_v of_o so_o vile_a and_o filthy_a a_o thing_n as_o lie_v with_o a_o woman_n with_o what_o face_n will_v man_n that_o divine_a animal_n full_a of_o reason_n and_o counsel_n have_v handle_v the_o obscene_a part_n of_o woman_n pollute_v with_o so_o much_o filth_n which_o be_v discharge_v into_o this_o low_a place_n as_o into_o the_o common_a sink_n of_o the_o body_n on_o the_o other_o side_n what_o woman_n will_v have_v accept_v of_o the_o embrace_n of_o a_o man_n consider_v the_o toil_n and_o tediousness_n of_o go_v 9_o month_n with_o child_n the_o most_o painful_a and_o often_o fatal_a bear_n of_o it_o and_o its_o education_n full_a of_o care_n and_o anxiety_n unless_o the_o genitals_o have_v be_v affect_v in_o the_o act_n with_o transport_v pleasure_n the_o glans_fw-la be_v cover_v with_o the_o praeputium_fw-la praeputium_fw-la or_o foreskin_n which_o be_v frame_v of_o the_o reduplication_n of_o the_o skin_n it_o be_v call_v praeputium_fw-la because_o it_o be_v place_v prae_fw-la pudendo_fw-la before_o the_o yard_n or_o rather_o à _fw-la praeputando_fw-la from_o be_v cut_v off_o for_o this_o be_v that_o which_o the_o jew_n cut_v off_o in_o circumcision_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v call_v apellae_fw-la and_o recutiti_fw-la and_o it_o be_v report_v by_o divers_a person_n from_o their_o own_o inspection_n that_o in_o jewish_a child_n it_o be_v six_o time_n as_o large_a as_o in_o christian_n and_o hang_v a_o great_a way_n over_o the_o glans_fw-la before_o it_o be_v cut_v off_o the_o ligament_n by_o which_o the_o foreskin_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o glans_fw-la in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o it_o fraenum_fw-la be_v call_v fraenum_fw-la the_o bridle_n of_o the_o vessel_n vessel_n some_o be_v cutaneous_a some_o pass_n to_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o penis_n the_o cutaneous_a vein_n and_o artery_n spring_v from_o the_o pudendae_fw-la artery_n these_o enter_v at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o yard_n pass_v by_o the_o side_n towards_o the_o back_n of_o it_o and_o be_v conspicuous_a enough_o the_o vessel_n which_o be_v bestow_v upon_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o it_o come_v from_o the_o venae_fw-la and_o arteriae_fw-la hypogastricae_fw-la and_o enter_v just_a at_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o two_o nervous_a body_n through_o who_o length_n they_o run_v and_o be_v most_o disperse_v in_o they_o and_o in_o the_o fungous_n part_n of_o the_o vrethra_n send_v forth_o little_a twig_n at_o the_o side_n it_o have_v two_o nerve_n from_o the_o low_a vertebral_n nerve_n the_o great_a of_o they_o that_o be_v very_o large_a and_o long_o be_v distribute_v into_o the_o nervous_a body_n vrethra_n and_o glans_fw-la the_o lesser_a upon_o its_o muscle_n concern_v which_o dr._n willis_n thus_o discourse_n this_o member_n say_v he_o have_v only_o nerve_n from_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n shall_v only_o have_v a_o spontaneous_a motion_n according_a to_o our_o hypothesis_n viz._n that_o the_o nerve_n from_o the_o brain_n serve_v for_o natural_a and_o the_o vertebral_n for_o voluntary_a motion_n and_o yet_o through_o the_o turgescency_n of_o the_o genital_a humour_n it_o be_v often_o erect_v and_o fill_v with_o spirit_n against_o one_o mind_n which_o be_v from_o hence_o because_o from_o this_o vertebral_n pair_n whence_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o penis_n spring_n a_o sprig_n be_v reach_v forth_o to_o the_o vertebral_n pair_n next_o above_o it_o viz._n in_o which_o be_v radicate_v the_o plexus_fw-la that_o be_v place_v in_o the_o pelvis_n and_o bestow_v nerve_n on_o the_o prostatae_fw-la into_o which_o plexus_fw-la also_o asleep_o notable_a nerve_n be_v implant_v from_o the_o intercostal_n pair_n see_v therefore_o there_o be_v a_o communication_n between_o the_o prostatae_fw-la which_o depend_v much_o on_o the_o intercostal_n nerve_n and_o the_o penis_n itself_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o insertion_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a sprig_n into_o the_o plexus_fw-la from_o whence_o the_o prostatae_fw-la have_v their_o nerve_n hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o it_o act_v according_o as_o they_o be_v affect_v but_o they_o viz._n the_o prostate_n be_v not_o only_o apt_a to_o be_v move_v by_o the_o turgescency_n of_o the_o seed_n but_o by_o the_o communication_n of_o the_o intercostal_n nerve_n according_a to_o the_o impression_n make_v on_o the_o sense_n or_o brain_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v irritate_v by_o too_o importune_v a_o action_n into_o consent_n wherewith_o the_o penis_n be_v present_o excite_v it_o be_v principal_a use_n be_v to_o convey_v the_o seed_n into_o the_o vterus_fw-la of_o the_o female_a use_v and_o its_o use_n to_o piss_v withal_o be_v but_o secondary_a for_o many_o creature_n as_o fowl_n in_o general_n make_v no_o water_n by_o it_o yet_o have_v a_o penis_n for_o the_o use_n abovesaid_a that_o part_n that_o be_v next_o above_o it_o
menses_fw-la flow_n it_o be_v otherwise_o call_v the_o zone_n or_o girdle_n of_o chastity_n where_o it_o be_v find_v in_o this_o form_n describe_v it_o be_v a_o certain_a note_n of_o virginity_n but_o upon_o the_o first_o admission_n of_o a_o man_n yard_n it_o be_v necessary_o break_v and_o bleed_v which_o blood_n be_v call_v the_o flower_n of_o virginity_n and_o of_o this_o the_o holy_a text_n make_v mention_n in_o deuteron_n 22._o verse_n 13._o 21._o and_o when_o once_o it_o be_v break_v it_o never_o close_v again_o but_o though_o a_o bridegroom_n when_o he_o find_v these_o sign_n of_o virginity_n may_v certain_o conclude_v he_o have_v marry_v a_o maid_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o follow_v on_o the_o contrary_a that_o where_o they_o be_v want_v virginity_n be_v also_o want_v for_o the_o hymen_n may_v be_v corrode_v by_o acrimonious_a fret_a humour_n flow_v through_o it_o with_o the_o menses_fw-la or_o from_o the_o fall_n out_o or_o inversion_n of_o the_o vterus_fw-la or_o the_o vagina_n at_o least_o which_o sometime_o happen_v even_o to_o maid_n or_o if_o a_o maid_n be_v so_o indiscreet_a as_o to_o become_v a_o bride_n while_o her_o course_n flow_v or_o within_o a_o day_n after_o than_o both_o the_o hymen_n and_o the_o inner_a wrinkle_a membrane_n of_o the_o vagina_n be_v so_o flaggy_a and_o relax_v that_o the_o penis_n may_v enter_v glib_o without_o any_o let_v and_o so_o give_v suspicion_n of_o unchastity_n when_o indeed_o she_o be_v unblameable_a save_v for_o her_o imprudence_n to_o marry_v at_o that_o season_n sometime_o in_o elderly_a maid_n the_o hymen_n grow_v so_o strong_a that_o a_o man_n be_v glad_a to_o make_v many_o essay_n before_o he_o can_v penetrate_v it_o yea_o in_o some_o natural_o it_o be_v quite_o close_v up_o and_o these_o by_o this_o mean_n have_v their_o menses_fw-la stop_v be_v in_o great_a peril_n of_o their_o life_n if_o they_o be_v not_o relieve_v by_o surgery_n viz._n open_v it_o with_o some_o sharp_a instrument_n close_o to_o the_o hymen_n lie_v the_o four_o carunculae_fw-la myrtiforme_v myrtiforme_v so_o call_v from_o their_o resemble_v myrtleberry_n the_o large_a of_o they_o be_v uppermost_a stand_v just_a at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o urinary_a passage_n which_o it_o shut_v after_o water_n be_v make_v opposite_a to_o this_o in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vagina_n there_o be_v another_o and_o on_o each_o side_n one_o so_o that_o they_o stand_v in_o a_o square_a but_o of_o these_o there_o be_v only_o the_o first_o in_o maid_n the_o other_o three_o be_v not_o indeed_o caruncle_n but_o little_a knob_n make_v of_o the_o angular_a part_n of_o the_o break_a hymen_n roll_v into_o a_o heap_n by_o the_o wrinkle_a of_o the_o vagina_n according_a to_o riolanus_n and_o diemerbroeck_n these_o three_o when_o the_o vagina_n be_v extend_v in_o a_o woman_n labour_n lose_v their_o asperity_n and_o become_v smooth_a so_o that_o they_o disappear_v until_o it_o be_v again_o contract_v to_o its_o natural_a straitness_n de_fw-fr graef_n affirm_v that_o the_o vagina_n near_o its_o outer_a orifice_n have_v a_o sphinct_a muscle_n almost_o three_o finger_n broad_a that_o upon_o occasion_n constringe_n or_o contract_n it_o so_o that_o he_o say_v man_n and_o woman_n need_v not_o be_v solicitous_a concern_v the_o genitals_o be_v proportionable_a one_o to_o the_o other_o for_o the_o vagina_n be_v make_v so_o artificial_o affabrè_n be_v his_o word_n that_o it_o can_v accommodate_v itself_o to_o any_o penis_n so_o that_o it_o will_v give_v way_n to_o a_o long_a one_o meet_v a_o short_a one_o widen_v to_o a_o thick_a one_o constringe_v to_o a_o small_a one_o so_o that_o every_o man_n may_v well_o enough_o lie_v with_o any_o woman_n and_o every_o woman_n with_o any_o man._n thus_o he_o have_v thus_o describe_v the_o part_n of_o the_o vagina_n its_o use_n be_v easy_o declare_v to_o be_v to_o receive_v the_o man_n yard_n be_v erect_a to_o direct_v and_o convey_v the_o seed_n into_o the_o womb_n to_o serve_v for_o a_o conduit_n by_o which_o the_o menses_fw-la may_v flow_v out_o and_o to_o afford_v a_o passage_n to_o the_o foetus_fw-la in_o its_o birth_n and_o to_o the_o afterbirth_n chap._n xxix_o of_o the_o pudendum_fw-la muliebre_fw-la or_o woman_n privity_n the_o part_n that_o offer_v themselves_o to_o view_v without_o any_o diduction_n be_v the_o fissura_fw-la magna_fw-la or_o great_a chink_n with_o its_o labia_fw-la or_o lip_n the_o mons_fw-la veneris_fw-la and_o the_o hair_n these_o part_n be_v call_v by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o pudenda_fw-la because_o when_o they_o be_v bare_v they_o bring_v pudor_fw-la or_o shame_n upon_o a_o woman_n the_o great_a chink_n be_v call_v cunnus_fw-la by_o galen_n fissura_fw-la à _fw-fr 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o conceive_v by_o hypocrates_n natura_n it_o be_v also_o call_v vulva_fw-la porcus_fw-la concha_n and_o by_o many_o other_o name_v that_o fancy_n have_v impose_v upon_o it_o it_o reach_v from_o the_o low_a part_n of_o os_fw-la pubis_fw-la to_o within_o a_o inch_n of_o the_o anus_fw-la being_n by_o nature_n make_v so_o large_a because_o the_o outward_a skin_n be_v not_o so_o apt_a to_o be_v extend_v in_o travail_n as_o the_o membranous_a vagina_n and_o collum_n minus_fw-la be_v it_o be_v less_o and_o close_o in_o maid_n than_o in_o those_o that_o have_v bear_v child_n it_o have_v two_o lip_n which_o towards_o the_o pubes_fw-la grow_v thick_a and_o more_o full_a or_o protuberant_a and_o meet_v upon_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o os_fw-la pubis_fw-la make_v that_o rise_v that_o be_v call_v mons_fw-la veneris_fw-la the_o hill_n of_o venus_n which_o all_o those_o that_o will_v war_n in_o the_o camp_n of_o venus_n must_v first_o ascend_v it_o be_v outward_a substance_n be_v skin_n cover_v with_o hair_n veneris_fw-la as_o the_o labia_fw-la be_v which_o begin_v to_o grow_v here_o about_o the_o fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n the_o inner_a substance_n of_o this_o hill_n which_o make_v it_o bunch_n so_o up_o be_v most_o of_o it_o fat_a and_o serve_v for_o a_o soft_a cushion_n as_o it_o be_v in_o copulation_n to_o hinder_v the_o ossa_fw-la pubis_fw-la of_o the_o man_n and_o woman_n to_o hit_v one_o against_o the_o other_o for_o that_o will_v be_v painful_a and_o disturb_v the_o venereal_a pleasure_n under_o this_o fat_a lie_v that_o muscle_n that_o we_o speak_v of_o from_o de_fw-fr graef_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n that_o constringe_n the_o orifice_n of_o the_o vagina_n and_o spring_n from_o the_o sphincter_n any_fw-la by_o a_o little_a draw_v aside_o the_o labia_fw-la there_o then_o appear_v the_o nymphae_n and_o the_o clitoris_n the_o nymph_n be_v so_o call_v because_o they_o stand_v next_o to_o the_o urine_n as_o it_o spout_v out_o from_o the_o bladder_n nymphae_fw-la and_o keep_v it_o from_o wet_v the_o labia_fw-la they_o be_v call_v also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o wing_n they_o be_v place_v on_o each_o side_n next_o within_o the_o labia_fw-la and_o be_v two_o carnous_a and_o soft_a production_n begin_v at_o the_o joint_v of_o the_o ossa_fw-la pubis_fw-la or_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o privity_n where_o they_o be_v join_v in_o a_o acute_a angle_n and_o make_v that_o wrinkle_a membranous_a production_n that_o clothes_n the_o clitoris_n like_o a_o praeputium_fw-la or_o foreskin_n and_o descend_v close_o all_o the_o way_n to_o each_o other_o reach_v but_o about_o half_a the_o breadth_n of_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o vagina_n and_o end_v each_o in_o a_o obtuse_a angle_n they_o be_v almost_o triangular_a and_o therefore_o as_o also_o for_o their_o colour_n be_v compare_v to_o the_o thrill_v that_o hang_v under_o a_o cock_n throat_n they_o have_v a_o red_a substance_n substance_n partly_o fleshy_a partly_o membranous_a within_o soft_a and_o spungy_a loose_o compose_v of_o small_a membrane_n and_o vessel_n so_o that_o they_o be_v very_o apt_a to_o be_v distend_v by_o the_o influx_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o arterial_a blood_n the_o spirit_n they_o have_v from_o the_o same_o nerve_n that_o run_v through_o the_o vagina_n and_o blood_n from_o that_o branch_n of_o the_o inner_a iliacal_a artery_n that_o be_v call_v pudenda_fw-la vein_n they_o have_v also_o from_o the_o venae_fw-la pudendae_fw-la which_o carry_v away_o the_o arterial_a blood_n from_o they_o when_o they_o become_v flaccid_a they_o be_v large_a in_o grow_v maid_n than_o in_o young_a and_o large_a yet_o in_o those_o that_o have_v use_v venery_n or_o bear_v child_n they_o never_o according_a to_o nature_n reach_v above_o half_a way_n out_o from_o between_o the_o labia_fw-la their_o use_n be_v to_o defend_v the_o inner_a part_n use_v to_o cover_v the_o urinary_a passage_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o vagina_n and_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n serve_v the_o labia_fw-la above_o describe_v above_o betwixt_o the_o nymphae_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o pudendum_fw-la do_v a_o part_n
etc._n etc._n sometime_o it_o come_v not_o to_o the_o neck_n at_o all_o but_o go_v first_o a_o little_a up_o towards_o its_o breast_n and_o then_o turn_v round_o its_o back_n and_o from_o thence_o pass_v to_o the_o placenta_n the_o vessel_n contain_v in_o this_o string_n and_o which_o be_v enwrap_v in_o a_o common_a coat_n call_v funiculus_fw-la or_o intestinulum_fw-la be_v four_o vessel_n one_o vein_n two_o artery_n and_o the_o vrachus_fw-la the_o vein_n be_v large_a than_o the_o artery_n vein_n and_o arise_v from_o the_o liver_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la viz._n out_o of_o its_o fissure_n at_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la porta_fw-la of_o which_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v but_o a_o branch_n and_o from_o thence_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o navel_n it_o run_v along_o the_o funiculus_fw-la to_o the_o placenta_n into_o which_o it_o be_v implant_v by_o innumerable_a root_n but_o before_o it_o reach_v it_o it_o send_v some_o little_a twig_n into_o the_o amnio_n the_o ancient_n that_o think_v the_o foetus_fw-la be_v nourish_v by_o the_o mother_n blood_n only_o use_n teach_v the_o sole_a use_n of_o this_o vein_n to_o be_v to_o carry_v blood_n from_o the_o placenta_fw-la to_o it_o and_o since_o it_o have_v be_v find_v out_o and_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v nourish_v also_o if_o not_o only_o by_o chyle_n or_o succus_fw-la nutritius_fw-la some_o have_v continue_v the_o same_o office_n to_o this_o vein_n and_o think_v that_o the_o chyle_n be_v bring_v by_o lacteal_v vessel_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o placenta_n as_o they_o say_v it_o be_v bring_v thither_o by_o the_o mother_n lacteal_v and_o indeed_o if_o any_o certain_a discovery_n have_v be_v make_v of_o these_o same_o lacteae_fw-la we_o shall_v have_v embrace_v this_o opinion_n as_o the_o most_o probable_a but_o we_o be_v not_o to_o form_v hypothesis_n out_o of_o rational_a notion_n only_o but_o much_o rather_o from_o what_o appear_v to_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o dissector_n we_o do_v affirm_v therefore_o that_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n serve_v for_o convey_v to_o the_o foetus_fw-la the_o nutritious_a juice_n separate_v in_o the_o placenta_fw-la from_o the_o mother_n artery_n how_o this_o separation_n be_v make_v and_o how_o it_o be_v first_o of_o all_o turn_v into_o blood_n we_o shall_v consider_v by_o and_o by_o but_o together_o with_o this_o juice_n there_o return_v so_o much_o of_o the_o arterial_a blood_n that_o come_v from_o the_o foetus_fw-la as_o be_v not_o spend_v upon_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o placenta_n or_o of_o the_o chorion_n and_o amnios_n beside_o this_o vein_n which_o be_v common_a to_o all_o creature_n there_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o whelp_n and_o may_v perhaps_o in_o other_o two_o small_a vein_n more_o that_o pass_v direct_o from_o the_o vmbilicus_fw-la to_o the_o mesentery_n as_o the_o other_o great_a one_o do_v to_o the_o liver_n which_o may_v strengthen_v the_o opinion_n that_o the_o chyle_n or_o succus_fw-la nutritius_fw-la be_v bring_v to_o the_o foetus_fw-la by_o the_o sanguinary_a vein_n or_o vein_n from_o the_o placenta_fw-la in_o the_o funiculus_fw-la be_v include_v also_o two_o artery_n artery_n which_o be_v not_o both_o of_o they_o together_o so_o big_a as_o the_o vein_n they_o spring_v out_o of_o the_o inner_a iliacal_a branch_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n and_o pass_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bladder_n they_o rise_v up_o to_o the_o navel_n out_o of_o which_o they_o be_v conduct_v to_o the_o placenta_n in_o the_o same_o common_a cover_n with_o the_o vein_n and_o vrachus_fw-la with_o which_o they_o be_v twine_v and_o wreathe_v not_o unlike_o a_o rope_n i_o say_v they_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o placenta_n and_o with_o the_o vein_n make_v a_o most_o admirable_a texture_n and_o net-like_a plexus_fw-la dr._n harvey_n say_v the_o vein_n be_v conspicuous_a a_o pretty_a while_n before_o these_o artery_n appear_v blood_n and_o vital_a spirit_n be_v not_o carry_v by_o they_o from_o the_o mother_n to_o the_o foetus_fw-la use_n as_o many_o from_o galen_n have_v teach_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a spirituous_a blood_n be_v drive_v from_o the_o foetus_fw-la by_o the_o beat_n of_o its_o heart_n to_o the_o placenta_n and_o the_o membrane_n for_o their_o nourishment_n from_o which_o what_o blood_n remain_v circulate_v back_o again_o in_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n together_o with_o the_o succus_fw-la nutritius_fw-la afresh_o imbibe_v by_o its_o capillary_n disperse_v in_o the_o placenta_fw-la but_o beside_o arterial_a blood_n there_o flow_v out_o of_o the_o navel_n by_o they_o part_n of_o the_o succus_fw-la nutritius_fw-la that_o be_v import_v by_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n namely_o that_o of_o it_o which_o be_v more_o crass_a and_o terrene_a which_o by_o one_o circulation_n through_o the_o heart_n or_o it_o may_v be_v many_o can_v not_o be_v change_v into_o blood_n this_o part_n i_o say_v flow_v out_o by_o these_o artery_n which_o by_o their_o branch_n that_o be_v disperse_v through_o the_o amnio_n disimbogue_v it_o by_o their_o little_a mouth_n into_o it_o for_o what_o use_n shall_v be_v declare_v present_o and_o here_o i_o shall_v transcribe_v a_o material_a objection_n with_o the_o answer_n to_o it_o membrane_n out_o of_o diemerbroeck_n obj._n how_o can_v these_o vessel_n vein_n and_o artery_n when_o they_o have_v grow_v from_o the_o belly_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la to_o that_o length_n as_o to_o reach_v the_o membrane_n penetrate_v and_o pass_v through_o they_o to_o the_o placenta_n answ_n this_o be_v do_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o root_n of_o herb_n shurb_n and_o tree_n penetrate_v into_o the_o hard_a ground_n yea_o often_o into_o thick_a plank_n wall_n and_o stone_n which_o water_n can_v enter_v and_o root_v themselves_o firm_o in_o they_o for_o just_a so_o the_o first_o sharp-pointed_a and_o most_o fine_a end_n of_o the_o umbilical_a vessel_n insinuate_v themselves_o by_o little_a and_o little_a into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o membrane_n for_o the_o figuration_n of_o those_o pore_n be_v fit_v for_o their_o entrance_n and_o pass_v through_o they_o and_o yet_o the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o these_o membrane_n can_v flow_v out_o by_o they_o and_o when_o those_o vessel_n inhere_v in_o the_o pore_n grow_v more_o out_o into_o length_n by_o little_a and_o little_a the_o say_a pore_n be_v more_o and_o more_o widen_v according_a to_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o be_v inseparable_o unite_v unto_o and_o grow_v in_o they_o the_o four_o umbilical_a vessel_n be_v the_o vrachus_fw-la or_o urinary_a vessel_n urachus_n and_o it_o be_v a_o small_a membranous_a round_a pipe_n endue_v with_o a_o very_a strait_a cavity_n arise_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o bladder_n up_o to_o the_o navel_n out_o of_o which_o it_o pass_v along_o within_o the_o common_a cover_n and_o open_v into_o the_o allantoide_n it_o be_v more_o apparent_o pervious_a in_o many_o of_o the_o large_a brute_n than_o it_o be_v in_o man_n in_o who_o some_o have_v deny_v it_o any_o cavity_n but_o that_o 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the_o bone_n as_o here_o it_o do_v to_o the_o skull_n under_o the_o say_a muscle_n these_o two_o membrane_n outward_o invest_v the_o cranium_fw-la have_v artery_n from_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o external_a carotide_n vessel_n and_o vein_n from_o the_o external_a jugular_n the_o meninge_n follow_v meninge_n call_v by_o the_o arabian_n matres_fw-la as_o if_o all_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o body_n be_v propagate_v from_o they_o these_o be_v immediate_o within_o the_o skull_n as_o the_o other_o be_v without_o but_o adhere_v not_o close_o thereto_o as_o those_o do_v they_o be_v two_o in_o number_n the_o crassa_n meninx_n or_o dura_n mater_fw-la and_o the_o tenuis_fw-la meninx_n or_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la the_o dura_n mater_fw-la be_v the_o outer_a mater_fw-la that_o be_v be_v next_o to_o the_o skull_n through_o who_o suture_n send_v fibre_n to_o the_o pericranium_n it_o be_v suspend_v thereby_o for_o in_o other_o place_n it_o be_v loose_a from_o the_o cranium_fw-la save_v in_o its_o 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or_o cock_n comb_n but_o it_o be_v hinder_a and_o broad_a part_n towards_o the_o occiput_fw-la be_v sever_v descend_v towards_o both_o the_o right_n and_o left_a side_n and_o distinguish_v the_o cerebellum_fw-la from_o the_o cerebrum_fw-la in_o the_o say_a duplicature_n be_v form_v four_o sinus_n or_o cavity_n sinus_n three_o pretty_a large_a and_o one_o little_a one_o the_o first_o which_o be_v the_o high_a and_o long_a run_v along_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o falx_n from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o nose_n lengthway_n of_o the_o head_n towards_o the_o occiput_fw-la where_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o lateral_a sinus_n descend_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o lambdoidal_a future_a to_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o occiput_fw-la and_o at_o the_o say_a division_n the_o four_o short_a sinus_n proceed_v inward_o to_o the_o glandula_n pinealis_fw-la into_o these_o cavity_n the_o mouth_n both_o of_o artery_n and_o vein_n be_v say_v to_o open_v by_o the_o former_a whereof_o blood_n be_v 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exquisite_a sense_n and_o endow_v with_o very_a many_o artery_n and_o vein_n it_o immediate_o clothes_v the_o brain_n and_o hinder_v it_o from_o run_v about_o and_o also_o involve_v all_o its_o wind_n and_o circuit_n and_o tie_v their_o summity_n together_o make_v all_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o brain_n plain_a as_o it_o be_v which_o upper_a connexion_n be_v loose_v the_o wind_n of_o the_o brain_n because_o they_o be_v invest_v with_o this_o membrane_n may_v easy_o be_v separate_v and_o lay_v open_a from_o this_o same_o meninx_n proceed_v also_o a_o most_o thin_a membrane_n invest_v the_o inner_a ventricles_n of_o the_o brain_n this_o membrane_n be_v interweave_v with_o many_o admirable_a plexus_fw-la or_o net_n of_o most_o small_a vessel_n vessel_n spring_v from_o the_o carotide_n and_o cervical_a artery_n and_o jugular_a vein_n join_v every_o where_o by_o mutual_a inosculation_n that_o by_o so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o vessel_n there_o may_v on_o every_o hand_n be_v affuse_v blood_n enough_o for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o make_v of_o animal_n spirit_n dr._n willis_n write_v that_o he_o have_v observe_v very_o small_a gland_n intermix_v among_o these_o plexus_fw-la of_o vessel_n which_o he_o say_v may_v be_v easy_o perceive_v in_o a_o moist_a or_o hydropic_a brain_n but_o not_o so_o well_o in_o other_o both_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n extend_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o os_fw-la sacrum_fw-la and_o all_o the_o nerve_n that_o arise_v out_o of_o it_o and_o out_o of_o the_o brain_n have_v a_o double_a coat_n from_o these_o two_o meninge_n with_o which_o be_v clothe_v they_o run_v to_o their_o design_a part_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o brain_n in_o general_n the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la be_v take_v away_o the_o brain_n offer_v itself_o call_v by_o the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v the_o general_a organ_n of_o sense_n in_o which_o the_o soul_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o body_n perceive_v and_o judge_v of_o the_o sensation_n of_o all_o sentient_a part_n and_o out_o of_o which_o as_o out_o of_o a_o fountain_n it_o communicate_v the_o beam_n of_o its_o benignity_n namely_o the_o animal_n spirit_n breed_v in_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o duct_n or_o rivulet_n of_o the_o nerve_n to_o all_o the_o sentient_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o thereby_o endow_v they_o with_o the_o faculty_n of_o perform_v animal_n action_n it_o be_v substance_n be_v thick_a substance_n viscous_a soft_a and_o white_a it_o be_v not_o a_o glandule_n for_o it_o be_v the_o workhouse_n and_o seat_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n but_o glandule_n be_v appoint_v to_o receive_v excrementitious_a humour_n and_o it_o be_v more_o curious_o frame_v than_o any_o glandule_n neither_o be_v it_o of_o a_o marrowy_a substance_n for_o marrow_n swim_v in_o water_n but_o this_o sink_v beside_o marrow_n nourish_v the_o bone_n but_o the_o brain_n nourish_v no_o part_n and_o last_o marrow_n be_v cast_v into_o the_o fire_n flame_v but_o so_o will_v not_o the_o brain_n it_o seem_v therefore_o to_o be_v a_o viscus_fw-la or_o bowel_v endow_v with_o a_o peculiar_a sort_n of_o a_o parenchyma_n part_n of_o which_o malpighius_n by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o microscope_n have_v observe_v to_o be_v of_o this_o substance_n viz._n that_o all_o the_o white_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n call_v the_o corpus_fw-la callosum_fw-la be_v evident_o divide_v into_o flattish_o round_o little_a fibres_n which_o in_o the_o brain_n of_o fish_n be_v so_o apparent_a that_o if_o you_o hold_v they_o betwixt_o you_o and_o the_o light_n they_o represent_v the_o small_a tooth_n of_o a_o ivory_n comb_n these_o fibre_n he_o say_v be_v insert_v by_o their_o end_n into_o the_o cortex_fw-la or_o the_o ash-coloured_a outer_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n through_o which_o abundance_n of_o sanguiferous_a vessel_n be_v disperse_v and_o out_o of_o which_o therefore_o the_o aforesaid_a fibre_n seem_v to_o draw_v their_o nourishment_n
dr._n willis_n call_v these_o fibres_n canales_n or_o striae_fw-la whence_o the_o corpus_fw-la callosum_fw-la may_v as_o well_o be_v call_v striatum_fw-la for_o nutrition_n and_o confection_n of_o animal_n spirit_n it_o receive_v blood_n by_o artery_n derive_v from_o the_o carotide_n and_o cervical_a vessel_n who_o capillary_n be_v disperse_v through_o its_o substance_n and_o what_o be_v superfluous_a to_o the_o say_a use_n be_v partly_o imbibe_v by_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o meninge_n and_o partly_o deposit_v in_o the_o sinus_n by_o the_o artery_n themselves_o to_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o internal_a branch_n of_o the_o jugular_n and_o thereby_o to_o the_o heart_n the_o artery_n inosculate_v one_o with_o another_o i._o e._n the_o right_a carotides_n with_o the_o left_a as_o well_o as_o with_o the_o vein_n and_o it_o be_v from_o the_o pulse_n of_o the_o artery_n altogether_o that_o the_o beat_n or_o systole_n and_o diastole_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o brain_n proceed_v a_o man_n of_o all_o other_o live_v creature_n have_v the_o big_a brain_n bigness_n for_o it_o weigh_v four_o or_o five_o pound_n in_o some_o and_o be_v as_o big_a again_o as_o a_o ox_n brain_n the_o outer_a surface_n be_v full_a of_o wind_n figure_n like_o those_o of_o the_o gut_n which_o be_v several_o invest_v with_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la as_o also_o tie_v together_o by_o it_o the_o whole_a brain_n be_v much_o of_o the_o same_o shape_n with_o the_o head_n viz._n roundish_n but_o with_o bunching_n out_o towards_o the_o forehead_n of_o its_o action_n we_o shall_v speak_v in_o the_o 9th_o chapter_n chap._n v._n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n proper_o so_o call_v viz._n cortex_fw-la corpus_fw-la callosum_fw-la septum_fw-la lucidum_fw-la fornix_n three_o sinus_n infundibulum_fw-la glandula_n pituitaria_fw-la plexus_fw-la choroide_v rete_fw-la mirabile_fw-la nates_n testes_fw-la anus_fw-la and_o glandula_n pinealis_fw-la the_o brain_n take_v in_o a_o large_a signification_n have_v three_o part_n cerebrum_fw-la that_o which_o proper_o be_v call_v the_o brain_n the_o cerebellum_fw-la or_o little_a brain_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o spinalis_fw-la medulla_n which_o be_v within_o the_o skull_n now_o there_o be_v several_a method_n of_o dissect_v the_o brain_n some_o begin_n behind_o as_o dr._n willis_n some_o on_o the_o right_a side_n as_o silvius_n and_o some_o at_o the_o crown_n which_o be_v the_o old_a way_n and_o this_o we_o shall_v follow_v begin_v with_o the_o cerebrum_fw-la proper_o so_o call_v which_o lie_v uppermost_a the_o brain_n differ_v from_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la cerebellum_fw-la first_o in_o substance_n for_o it_o be_v soft_a second_o in_o colour_n for_o it_o be_v white_a three_o in_o bigness_n for_o it_o be_v three_o time_n as_o big_a the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n by_o the_o falx_n above-described_n brain_n to_o wit_n into_o the_o right_n and_o left_a but_o this_o partition_n descend_v no_o deep_a into_o 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pia_fw-la mater_fw-la other_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o brain_n under_o the_o corpus_fw-la callosum_fw-la fornix_n the_o fornix_n or_o vault_n be_v seat_v of_o the_o like_a substance_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n it_o be_v arch_v but_o in_o the_o low_a part_n convex_v in_o figure_n it_o be_v triangular_a it_o hold_v up_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n from_o bear_v down_o on_o the_o subjacent_a part_n there_o be_v several_a sinus_n or_o cavity_n in_o the_o brain_n sinus_n that_o be_v continue_v indeed_o to_o one_o another_o yet_o because_o at_o the_o first_o view_n they_o seem_v separate_v be_v consider_v by_o anatomist_n as_o distinct_a and_o they_o common_o reckon_v four_o of_o they_o three_o of_o which_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o cerebrum_fw-la of_o which_o in_o this_o chapter_n and_o the_o four_o be_v common_a to_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la and_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la of_o which_o in_o the_o next_o the_o brain_n be_v take_v away_o as_o far_o as_o the_o corpus_fw-la callosum_fw-la anteriour_a there_o appear_v two_o of_o the_o say_v sinus_n which_o be_v call_v the_o superior_a lateral_a or_o anteriour_a and_o which_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o the_o septum_fw-la lucidum_fw-la just_o now_o describe_v they_o be_v something_o of_o the_o shape_n of_o halfmoon_n or_o horse-shoe_n and_o be_v invest_v with_o a_o very_a thin_a membrane_n they_o descend_v forward_o by_o a_o pretty_a large_a dust_z to_o the_o processus_n mammillare_v and_o backward_o they_o descend_v to_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o which_o place_n branch_n of_o the_o carotide_n enter_v their_o membrane_n choroide_n and_o make_v in_o it_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v together_o with_o some_o twig_n of_o vein_n interweave_v with_o they_o the_o membrane_n wherein_o this_o plexus_fw-la be_v form_v have_v very_o many_o small_a glandule_n which_o separate_v a_o pituitous_a matter_n or_o phlegm_n from_o the_o vessel_n into_o the_o sinus_n along_o which_o it_o have_v be_v suppose_v to_o flow_v to_o the_o processus_n mammillare_v and_o from_o they_o to_o destill_n through_o the_o os_fw-mi cribriforme_a into_o the_o nose_n but_o dr._n lower_n deny_v any_o such_o office_n of_o the_o os_fw-mi cribriforme_a affirm_v that_o the_o hole_n in_o it_o be_v only_o for_o the_o transit_fw-la of_o the_o nerve_n and_o membrane_n go_v forth_o from_o the_o processus_n and_o that_o these_o fill_v they_o so_o close_o that_o nothing_o can_v flow_v through_o they_o and_o say_v that_o flux_n of_o rheum_n through_o the_o nose_n upon_o the_o wula_n and_o into_o the_o mouth_n etc._n etc._n in_o catarrh_n fall_v not_o from_o the_o head_n but_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o artery_n in_o the_o gland_n of_o the_o respective_a part_n as_o into_o the_o nose_n through_o the_o gland_n of_o its_o invest_n membrane_n etc._n etc._n and_o as_o to_o the_o serous_a matter_n that_o be_v infuse_v into_o these_o sinus_n in_o the_o brain_n he_o say_v it_o be_v all_o absorb_v again_o by_o the_o vessel_n open_v into_o they_o and_o return_n by_o the_o jugular_a vein_n to_o the_o heart_n the_o three_o ventricle_n be_v nothing_o else_o posterior_n but_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o former_a two_o towards_o the_o hinder_a part_n in_o it_o there_o be_v two_o passage_n the_o first_o in_o the_o forepart_n which_o march_v strait-way_n down_o to_o the_o infundibulum_fw-la the_o second_o pass_v under_o the_o testes_fw-la and_o nates_n to_o the_o four_o ventricle_n and_o be_v call_v foramen_fw-la any_fw-la or_o vulva_fw-la the_o infundibulum_fw-la infundibulum_fw-la or_o funnel_n be_v a_o certain_a cavity_n under_o this_o three_o ventricle_n pass_v down_o from_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o say_v some_o but_o doctor_n wharton_n say_v out_o of_o the_o four_o it_o be_v frame_v of_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la which_o be_v wide_o at_o its_o beginning_n and_o become_v narrow_a towards_o its_o end_n represent_v a_o funnel_n pituitaria_fw-la it_o end_v in_o the_o glandula_n pituitaria_fw-la which_o be_v place_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o sella_n equina_fw-la and_o upon_o the_o wedge-like_a bone_n through_o which_o it_o have_v be_v think_v to_o destil_n upon_o the_o palate_n the_o phlegm_n pour_v upon_o it_o by_o the_o infundibulum_fw-la but_o dr._n lower_n deny_v this_o appeal_n to_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o part_n and_o his_o often_o experiment_n upon_o calf_n head_n in_o which_o he_o say_v the_o wedge-like_a bone_n lie_v under_o the_o glandula_n pituitaria_fw-la be_v sometime_o perforate_v in_o divers_a place_n at_o least_o by_o one_o large_a dust_z which_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o do_v on_o each_o side_n open_a into_o the_o jugular_a vein_n so_o that_o if_o milk_n or_o ink_n be_v inject_v through_o those_o duct_n by_o a_o syringe_n it_o present_o pass_v through_o on_o each_o side_n into_o the_o say_a vein_n and_o nothing_o of_o tincture_n will_v appear_v about_o the_o palate_n nostril_n mouth_n fauces_fw-la or_o larynx_n so_o that_o in_o a_o calf_n the_o humour_n that_o
in_o specie_fw-la and_o agree_v in_o nothing_o but_o only_o that_o the_o vital_a spirit_n and_o blood_n be_v the_o matter_n from_o whence_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v form_v a_o three_o sort_n deny_v the_o arterial_a blood_n to_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o these_o spirit_n and_o affirm_v that_o the_o nerve_n absorb_v a_o part_n of_o the_o chyle_n of_o which_o they_o be_v make_v and_o beside_o a_o nutritious_a juice_n of_o which_o by_o and_o by_o and_o some_o there_o be_v that_o suppose_v air_n also_o to_o be_v a_o ingredient_n which_o ascend_v into_o the_o brain_n through_o the_o os_fw-mi cribriforme_a we_o can_v stand_v upon_o the_o examination_n and_o refutation_n of_o several_a of_o these_o opinion_n here_o but_o upon_o a_o due_a consideration_n of_o the_o argument_n urge_v for_o each_o we_o think_v that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v specifical_o distinct_a from_o the_o vital_a but_o that_o the_o vital_a with_o the_o arterial_a blood_n their_o vehicle_n be_v the_o true_a and_o only_a matter_n out_o of_o which_o they_o be_v elaborate_v and_o there_o be_v no_o less_o difference_n in_o what_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v make_v elaborate_v some_o think_v in_o the_o sinus_n of_o the_o falx_n other_o the_o four_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n especial_o the_o four_o a_o three_o sort_n the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v and_o rete_fw-la mirabile_fw-la des_fw-fr cartes_n that_o they_o be_v separate_v out_o of_o the_o artery_n of_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v in_o the_o glandula_n pinealis_fw-la into_o the_o ventricles_n and_o other_o last_o assign_v the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o place_n of_o their_o confection_n as_o to_o the_o sinus_n of_o the_o falx_n the_o use_n of_o that_o be_v show_v above_o chap._n 3._o and_o as_o to_o the_o ventricles_n see_v they_o be_v often_o almost_o quite_o full_a of_o waterish_a humour_n but_o always_o have_v some_o they_o seem_v very_o unfit_a for_o the_o make_n or_o receive_v such_o 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innumerable_a twig_n run_v partly_o through_o the_o outer_a cortex_fw-la or_o greyish_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o partly_o into_o the_o inner_a medullar_n or_o white_a substance_n these_o twig_n of_o artery_n spring_v partly_o from_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v and_o rete_fw-la mirabile_fw-la and_o partly_o from_o the_o carotide_n themselves_o immediate_o the_o superfluous_a serum_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v separate_v by_o the_o gland_n above_o describe_v and_o that_o which_o be_v not_o elaborate_v into_o animal_n spirit_n be_v return_v again_o to_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o vein_n but_o those_o particle_n that_o be_v fit_a and_o proper_a to_o be_v convert_v into_o they_o be_v extravasated_a into_o the_o very_a parenchyma_n of_o the_o brain_n or_o at_o least_o be_v distribute_v through_o it_o by_o invisible_a capillary_n in_o which_o be_v perfect_v into_o spirit_n these_o by_o help_n of_o the_o fibre_n or_o filament_n which_o the_o inner_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n chief_o consist_v of_o be_v convey_v to_o the_o corpora_fw-la striata_fw-la or_o other_o process_n of_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la that_o adhere_v to_o the_o brain_n which_o consist_v of_o the_o like_a filament_n and_o by_o they_o to_o the_o nerve_n who_o inner_a substance_n be_v fibrous_a like_o the_o medulla_n from_o whence_o they_o spring_v and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o successive_a motion_n from_o one_o to_o another_o be_v the_o pulse_n of_o the_o heart_n whereby_o that_o which_o come_v behind_o always_o drive_v forward_o what_o be_v before_o whence_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o a_o apoplexy_n wherein_o motion_n and_o sense_n be_v almost_o quite_o abolish_v be_v from_o the_o obstruction_n or_o compression_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o artery_n in_o the_o brain_n whereby_o both_o little_a blood_n and_o vital_a spirit_n can_v be_v convey_v thither_o to_o make_v animal_n spirit_n of_o and_o also_o when_o it_o be_v make_v it_o be_v not_o impel_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n along_o the_o fibre_n into_o the_o nerve_n to_o enable_v they_o to_o perform_v their_o function_n there_o be_v no_o less_o controversy_n about_o the_o nutritious_a juice_n of_o the_o nerve_n nerve_n some_o contend_v for_o it_o to_o that_o height_n as_o to_o affirm_v that_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v only_o nourish_v by_o it_o and_o not_o at_o all_o by_o the_o blood_n which_o by_o its_o rapid_a motion_n they_o say_v be_v like_a to_o wear_v and_o carry_v away_o something_o from_o the_o part_n through_o which_o it_o pass_v than_o to_o adhere_v to_o they_o for_o their_o restauration_n other_o be_v more_o moderate_a and_o suppose_v that_o nourishment_n be_v dispense_v only_o to_o the_o spermatick_a part_n by_o the_o nerve_n which_o the_o nerve_n receive_v not_o from_o the_o blood_n but_o imbibe_v the_o most_o thin_a part_n of_o the_o chyle_n out_o of_o the_o stomach_n and_o gut_n do_v carry_v it_o up_o to_o the_o brain_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v convey_v again_o by_o the_o same_o nerve_n to_o the_o part_n to_o be_v nourish_v by_o it_o diemerbroeck_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o juice_n of_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v as_o a_o vehicle_n to_o the_o spirit_n be_v somewhat_o acid_a do_v contribute_v or_o yield_v assistance_n to_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o spermatick_a part_n not_o as_o it_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o but_o as_o it_o separate_v from_o the_o blood_n such_o particle_n as_o be_v fit_a for_o their_o nourishment_n whence_o it_o be_v he_o say_v that_o such_o part_n of_o the_o body_n as_o be_v most_o exercise_v and_o by_o consequent_a into_o which_o most_o animal_n spirit_n flow_v grow_v the_o strong_a have_v more_o of_o such_o particle_n of_o the_o blood_n as_o be_v fit_a for_o their_o instauration_n separate_v in_o they_o so_o they_o that_o be_v use_v to_o walk_v will_v endure_v it_o better_o than_o other_o that_o be_v not_o so_o use_v though_o otherwise_o much_o strong_a and_o hence_o the_o right_a arm_n be_v usual_o strong_a than_o the_o left_a in_o those_o that_o be_v right-handed_a as_o we_o say_v but_o he_o think_v that_o the_o nerve_n have_v no_o juice_n in_o they_o which_o they_o do_v not_o first_o receive_v from_o the_o blood_n dr._n willis_n be_v much_o of_o his_o opinion_n save_v as_o to_o this_o last_o particular_a for_o he_o say_v it_o be_v without_o doubt_n that_o the_o nervous_a fibres_n and_o filament_n which_o clothe_v the_o sensory_a of_o the_o taste_n and_o the_o bowel_n that_o serve_v concoction_n do_v immediate_o take_v some_o taste_n of_o the_o aliment_n for_o the_o supply_n of_o the_o brain_n especial_o at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o spirit_n be_v much_o waste_v in_o too_o long_o fast_v or_o over_o much_o exercise_n but_o then_o that_o juice_n that_o may_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v make_v thereof_o in_o the_o brain_n and_o to_o be_v dispense_v by_o the_o nerve_n into_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n he_o believe_v not_o to_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o nourishment_n of_o any_o part_n whether_o spermatick_a or_o sanguineous_a but_o that_o it_o be_v as_o the_o form_n only_o and_o the_o blood_n the_o matter_n who_o several_a particle_n be_v analyse_v or_o sever_v by_o the_o say_a juice_n be_v direct_v and_o adapt_v by_o its_o directive_n faculty_n or_o plastic_a power_n as_o it_o be_v to_o such_o part_n respective_o as_o they_o be_v suitable_a for_o and_o from_o hence_o he_o draw_v a_o reason_n why_o paralytic_a part_n do_v waste_v so_o much_o though_o the_o blood_n flow_v plentiful_o enough_o into_o they_o because_o the_o nerve_n be_v obstruct_v and_o no_o animal_n spirit_n with_o their_o vehicle_n pass_v by_o they_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v not_o separate_v for_o the_o supply_n of_o such_o part_n as_o for_o the_o nervous_a juice_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v very_o little_a in_o quantity_n see_v if_o one_o make_v a_o ligature_n upon_o the_o nerve_n it_o will_v not_o
the_o minor_a go_v no_o further_a than_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o hip._n the_o other_o three_o be_v spend_v on_o the_o muscle_n skin_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o thigh_n leg_n and_o foot_n chap._n v._n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o thigh_n leg_n and_o foot_n in_o b._n 2._o ch._n 11._o describe_v the_o descend_a branch_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi we_o trace_v they_o to_o the_o thigh_n where_o the_o rami_n iliaci_fw-la begin_v to_o be_v call_v crurale_n as_o be_v say_v of_o the_o vein_n the_o crural_a artery_n be_v less_o than_o the_o vein_n and_o before_o it_o arrive_v at_o the_o ham_n send_v forth_o three_o branch_n viz._n muscula_n cruralis_fw-la exterior_a interior_a and_o poplitaea_n the_o first_o enter_v the_o fore_a muscle_n the_o second_o the_o inner_a muscle_n of_o the_o thigh_n and_o the_o three_o run_v down_o the_o hinder_a muscle_n as_o low_a as_o the_o ham_n whence_o it_o have_v its_o name_n when_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o crural_a artery_n be_v pass_v the_o ham_n it_o send_v out_o three_o more_o call_v tibiaea_n exterior_a posterior_n elatior_fw-la and_o posterior_n humilior_fw-la which_o be_v bestow_v on_o the_o muscle_n skin_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o leg_n and_o foot_n and_o what_o remain_v of_o it_o descend_v to_o the_o foot_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v spend_v chap._n vi_o of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o thigh_n leg_n and_o foot_n the_o three_o low_a pair_n of_o nerve_n of_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o loin_n and_o the_o four_o uppermost_a of_o os_fw-la sacrum_fw-la constitute_v the_o crural_a nerve_n for_o all_o these_o very_a near_o their_o rise_n join_v together_o and_o proceed_v unite_v for_o a_o while_n make_v four_o nerve_n the_o first_o and_o three_o enter_v the_o muscle_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o thigh-bone_n whether_o for_o its_o motion_n or_o of_o the_o leg._n the_o second_o accompany_v the_o crural_a vein_n and_o artery_n down_o by_o the_o groin_n and_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o thigh_n on_o who_o formore_o muscle_n it_o be_v most_o of_o it_o spend_v but_o send_v one_o notable_a branch_n down_o the_o leg_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o great_a toe_n the_o four_o be_v the_o thick_a hard_a and_o strong_a of_o all_o the_o nerve_n in_o the_o body_n this_o distribute_v twig_n to_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o buttock_n and_o thigh_n to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o thigh_n and_o leg_n and_o be_v descend_v to_o the_o ham_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o outer_a and_o inner_a branch_n which_o bestow_v twig_n on_o all_o the_o muscle_n and_o skin_n of_o the_o leg_n and_o foot_n to_o which_o there_o come_v no_o other_o nerve_n but_o the_o foresay_a branch_n of_o the_o second_o the_o end_n of_o the_o four_o book_n the_o five_o book_n contain_v a_o treatise_n of_o all_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o body_n chap._n i._n the_o description_n of_o a_o muscle_n a_o muscle_n in_o greek_a be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o mouse_n muscle_n of_o which_o musculus_fw-la in_o latin_a be_v but_o a_o diminutive_a as_o if_o it_o resemble_v a_o fleyed_a mouse_n or_o else_o from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o contract_n it_o be_v a_o dissimilar_v or_o organical_a part_n frame_v of_o its_o proper_a membrane_n a_o fibrous_a flesh_n a_o tendon_n vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n appoint_v by_o nature_n to_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o free_a motion_n the_o part_n than_o be_v either_o common_a or_o proper_a constitutive_a the_o common_a be_v three_o the_o vein_n the_o artery_n and_o the_o nerve_n the_o proper_a as_o many_o viz._n the_o fibrous_a flesh_n the_o membrane_n and_o the_o tendon_n the_o artery_n bestow_v on_o the_o muscle_n artery_n as_o on_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n vital_a heat_n and_o nourishment_n vein_n the_o vein_n carry_v back_o from_o they_o what_o blood_n be_v not_o assimilate_v to_o they_o nerve_n and_o the_o nerve_n bring_v animal_n spirit_n whereby_o their_o action_n be_v perform_v and_o these_o nerve_n spring_v either_o from_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la within_o the_o brain_n or_o from_o the_o spinalis_fw-la so_o call_v after_o it_o be_v descend_v out_o of_o the_o skull_n into_o the_o spin_v the_o nerve_n be_v implant_v either_o into_o one_o end_n or_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o muscle_n but_o at_o what_o part_n soever_o it_o be_v insert_v that_o be_v the_o head_n or_o beginning_n of_o the_o muscle_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o have_v enter_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o muscle_n it_o be_v disperse_v into_o a_o number_n of_o twig_n which_o end_n in_o it_o and_o be_v continue_v or_o elonge_v into_o fibres_n a_o fiber_n be_v thus_o define_v by_o dr._n glisson_n in_o cap._n 4._o the_o ventric_a flesh_n a_o body_n in_o figure_n like_o a_o thread_n slender_a tenacious_a tensile_n and_o irritable_a make_v of_o spermatical_a matter_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o some_o motion_n and_o strength_n which_o he_o thus_o explain_v in_o figure_n like_o a_o thread_n i._n e._n oblong_o and_o round_o slender_a like_v a_o spider_n web_n tenacious_a who_o part_n firm_o cohere_v and_o be_v not_o easy_o break_v tensile_n viz._n that_o may_v be_v extend_v as_o to_o longitude_n its_o latitude_n be_v lessen_v and_o in_o like_a manner_n that_o may_v be_v thicken_v as_o to_o latitude_n its_o longitude_n be_v shorten_v irritable_a i._n e._n which_o by_o irritation_n may_v be_v excite_v to_o contract_v itself_o and_o the_o irritation_n cease_v to_o be_v remit_v of_o its_o own_o accord_n make_v of_o spermatick_a matter_n namely_o if_o it_o be_v a_o bare_a fiber_n but_o if_o it_o be_v stuff_v with_o a_o parenchyma_n perhaps_o it_o be_v not_o always_o make_v of_o only_o spermatick_a matter_n for_o the_o stuff_v fibre_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o sanguineous_a and_o spermatick_a of_o the_o former_a kind_n be_v those_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o latter_a those_o of_o the_o stomach_n and_o gut_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o motion_n and_o strength_n for_o in_o that_o it_o be_v tenacious_a it_o add_v strength_n to_o the_o part_n and_o that_o which_o be_v apt_a to_o be_v extend_v and_o contract_v be_v destine_v for_o some_o motion_n these_o fibre_n be_v stuff_v in_o their_o interstice_n with_o a_o sanguineous_a parenchyma_fw-la be_v that_o which_o we_o proper_o call_v flesh_n without_o fat_a for_o say_v dr._n croone_a all_o the_o flesh_n of_o a_o muscle_n which_o make_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o and_o of_o which_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n chief_o consist_v seem_v to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o portion_n of_o the_o blood_n that_o flow_v through_o the_o interval_n of_o the_o fibre_n which_o thicken_a by_o their_o coldness_n be_v stay_v among_o they_o and_o make_v the_o musculous_a flesh_n the_o fibre_n be_v common_o straight_a wherefore_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o belly_n call_v oblique_a and_o transverse_a have_v not_o their_o denomination_n from_o their_o fibre_n for_o they_o be_v all_o straight_a but_o from_o their_o own_o position_n and_o situation_n so_o the_o muscle_n call_v masseter_n be_v account_v double_a because_o it_o have_v two_o sort_n or_o rank_n of_o fibres_n one_o lie_v upon_o another_o every_o muscle_n have_v a_o proper_a membrane_n that_o invest_v it_o membrane_n and_o distinguish_v it_o from_o other_o it_o be_v continue_v unto_o the_o tendon_n in_o such_o muscle_n as_o have_v one_o the_o last_o proper_a part_n of_o the_o muscle_n be_v the_o tendon_n tendon_n it_o be_v a_o similar_v body_n of_o a_o sinewy-like_a substance_n yet_o it_o have_v a_o peculiar_a substance_n differ_v from_o a_o sinew_n white_a with_o a_o kind_n of_o brightness_n dense_n hard_a and_o smooth_a extend_v according_a to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o muscle_n beginning_n it_o be_v beginning_n may_v be_v reckon_v to_o be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o muscle_n whence_o pass_v through_o the_o belly_n of_o it_o it_o end_v in_o the_o tail_n all_o muscle_n which_o be_v appoint_v for_o the_o move_n of_o bone_n tendon_n have_v tendon_n which_o be_v insert_v into_o they_o but_o common_o those_o which_o move_v other_o part_n as_o the_o tongue_n lip_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o the_o sphincter_n of_o the_o bladder_n and_o anus_fw-la have_v none_o or_o however_o such_o as_o be_v not_o easy_o discoverable_a for_o indeed_o some_o affirm_v as_o dr._n croone_a that_o every_o muscle_n have_v its_o tendon_n it_o be_v not_o frame_v of_o the_o nerve_n and_o ligament_n mingle_v together_o frame_v as_o many_o have_v imagine_v first_o because_o a_o nerve_n be_v lax_n and_o soft_a will_v not_o admit_v commixtion_n with_o the_o ligament_n be_v hard_o second_o because_o the_o nerve_n be_v not_o carry_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o nerve_n to_o the_o tendon_n but_o be_v either_o continue_v to_o or_o make_v the_o fibre_n of_o the_o muscle_n three_o ligament_n be_v insensible_a but_o tendon_n be_v of_o exquisite_a sense_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o great_a pain_n
so_o wide_a as_o the_o colon_n but_o its_o membrane_n be_v thick_a the_o muscle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v at_o the_o end_n of_o it_o which_o encompass_v it_o round_o purse_n it_o up_o close_o so_o that_o nothing_o can_v pass_v out_o unless_o it_o be_v relax_v voluntary_o this_o gut_n especial_o its_o inner_a membrane_n usual_o bag_n a_o little_a out_o in_o strain_v at_o stool_n yea_o sometime_o so_o much_o that_o it_o require_v a_o artificial_a put_v up_o again_o tab_n ii_o pag._n 43_o as_o for_o the_o hemorrhoidal_a vein_n and_o artery_n that_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o anus_fw-la we_o have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o they_o before_o in_o this_o chapter_n as_o we_o shall_v do_v of_o the_o muscle_n belong_v to_o it_o in_o book_n 5._o of_o the_o muscle_n chap._n 19_o the_o explication_n of_o the_o figure_n a_o the_o stomach_n b_o the_o gullet_n or_o oesophagus_n c_o the_o left_a and_o large_a part_n of_o the_o stomach_n d_o the_o upper_a orifice_n of_o the_o stomach_n e_o the_o right_a external_a nerve_n of_o the_o six_o pair_n dr._n willis_n '_o s_z eight_o encompass_v the_o orifice_n f_o the_o left_a external_a nerve_n of_o the_o same_o pair_n gg_n the_o gastrick_a vessel_n creep_v along_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n h_o the_o low_a orifice_n of_o the_o stomach_n call_v pylorus_n h_o the_o insertion_n of_o the_o gall-passage_n into_o the_o duodenum_fw-la iii_o the_o jejunum_n and_o ileum_n with_o the_o vessel_n creep_v along_o they_o k_o the_o caecum_fw-la llll_n the_o colon._n m_o the_o valve_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o colon_n open_v mmm_o the_o ligament_n hold_v together_o the_o cell_n of_o the_o colon._n nn_n the_o rectum_fw-la o_o the_o sphincter_n of_o the_o anus_fw-la pp_n the_o muscle_n call_v levatores_fw-la ani._n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o mesenterium_fw-la the_o mesentery_n be_v so_o call_v from_o its_o situation_n denomination_n for_o it_o have_v its_o greek_a name_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o whence_o the_o english_a be_v derive_v from_o its_o be_v place_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o intestine_n and_o it_o be_v a_o membranous_a part_n situate_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n serve_v not_o only_o for_o convey_v some_o vessel_n to_o the_o intestine_n and_o other_o from_o they_o but_o also_o it_o tie_v most_o of_o the_o gut_n together_o so_o artificial_o that_o for_o all_o their_o manifold_a wind_n they_o be_v not_o entangle_v and_o confound_v which_o may_v be_v much_o wonder_v at_o how_o the_o gut_n be_v about_o nine_o or_o ten_o yard_n long_o shall_v all_o but_o the_o duodenum_fw-la and_o a_o piece_n of_o the_o rectum_fw-la be_v comprehend_v by_o that_o circumference_n that_o be_v but_o a_o span_n distant_a from_o the_o centre_n for_o no_o long_o be_v the_o mesentery_n betwixt_o those_o bound_n but_o it_o be_v almost_o of_o a_o circular_a figure_n which_o be_v most_o capacious_a and_o though_o it_o be_v narrow_a at_o its_o rise_n which_o be_v double_a viz._n at_o the_o first_o and_o three_o vertebra_n of_o the_o loin_n yet_o its_o circumference_n be_v wrinkle_v and_o enlarge_v into_o so_o many_o fold_n as_o to_o be_v three_o ell_n in_o length_n whereby_o it_o come_v the_o near_a to_o answer_v the_o length_n of_o the_o gut_n and_o to_o keep_v they_o within_o a_o small_a compass_n and_o place_n likewise_o it_o be_v frame_v of_o two_o common_a membrane_n substance_n which_o it_o have_v from_o the_o duplicature_n of_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la and_o betwixt_o these_o two_o it_o have_v a_o three_o membrane_n that_o be_v proper_a which_o be_v first_o discover_v by_o dr._n wharton_n in_o a_o young_a maid_n and_o be_v thick_a than_o either_o of_o the_o other_o two_o wherein_o the_o gland_n be_v seat_v and_o by_o which_o the_o vessel_n be_v conduct_v the_o part_n contain_v in_o the_o mesentery_n be_v either_o common_a or_o proper_a part_n the_o common_a be_v vein_n artery_n nerve_n and_o lymphduct_n the_o proper_a be_v gland_n and_o the_o venae_fw-la lacteae_fw-la of_o these_o last_o we_o shall_v speak_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n of_o the_o rest_n here_o the_o vein_n be_v call_v mesaraicae_fw-la vein_n these_o spring_n from_o ramus_fw-la mesentericus_fw-la dexter_a &_o sinister_a branch_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la porte_fw-fr their_o use_n as_o also_o that_o of_o the_o artery_n be_v show_v in_o the_o chapter_n before_o speak_v of_o the_o vessel_n belong_v to_o the_o gut_n it_o have_v also_o two_o artery_n artery_n the_o one_o superior_a the_o other_o inferior_a branch_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la mesenterica_fw-la which_o pass_v as_o the_o vein_n do_v as_o for_o the_o nerve_n nerve_n dr._n willis_n describe_v they_o very_o accurate_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cerebro_fw-la cap._n 25._o which_o take_v thus_o in_o short_a as_o soon_o as_o the_o intercostal_a pair_n be_v descend_v as_o low_a as_o over_o against_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n it_o send_v forth_o on_o each_o side_n a_o large_a mesenterick_a branch_n each_o of_o which_o be_v again_o divide_v and_o make_v two_o plexus_fw-la in_o each_o side_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o these_o be_v the_o great_a plexus_fw-la of_o all_o which_o as_o he_o speak_v be_v like_o the_o sun_n among_o the_o planet_n from_o which_o twig_n and_o numerous_a fibre_n be_v disperse_v into_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o mesentery_n which_o accompany_v the_o sanguiferous_a vessel_n in_o their_o whole_a process_n do_v climb_v upon_o they_o and_o tie_v they_o about_o other_o it_o have_v from_o those_o which_o spring_n from_o the_o spinalis_fw-la medulla_n between_o the_o first_o second_o three_o and_o four_o vertebra_n of_o the_o loin_n as_o spigelius_n affirm_v beside_o these_o vessel_n know_v to_o the_o ancient_n lymphduct_n about_o 30_o year_n ago_o there_o be_v find_v out_o another_o sort_n by_o tho._n bartholin_n a_o learned_a dane_n and_o call_v by_o he_o vasa_fw-la lymphatica_fw-la which_o he_o give_v a_o large_a account_n of_o in_o append._n 3._o to_o the_o libel_n 1._o de_fw-fr venice_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v give_v a_o compendium_n here_o because_o the_o mesentery_n abound_v with_o they_o they_o be_v of_o figure_n long_o and_o hollow_a like_o a_o vein_n but_o very_o small_a and_o knotty_a have_v very_o many_o valve_n which_o permit_v the_o lympha_fw-la or_o water_n contain_v in_o they_o to_o pass_v to_o the_o chyliferous_a vessel_n and_o many_o vein_n but_o hinder_v its_o return_n they_o be_v of_o a_o pellucid_n and_o crystallin_a colour_n like_o hydatide_n consist_v of_o a_o transparent_a and_o most_o thin_a skin_n which_o be_v break_v and_o the_o lympha_fw-la flow_v out_o utter_o disappear_v their_o number_n can_v be_v define_v for_o they_o be_v almost_o innumerable_a as_o to_o their_o rise_n bartholin_n speak_v uncertain_o but_o steno_n and_o malpighius_n both_o declare_v that_o they_o always_o proceed_v from_o gland_n as_o to_o their_o insertion_n or_o end_n those_o under_o the_o midriff_n do_v discharge_v their_o liquor_n into_o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_fw-la to_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n those_o in_o the_o thorax_n immediate_o into_o the_o thoracick_a dust_z and_o those_o of_o the_o neck_n arm_n etc._n etc._n into_o the_o jugular_a vein_n bartholin_n think_v they_o all_o discharge_v themselves_o into_o these_o three_o channel_n but_o diemerbroeck_n affirm_v they_o open_v also_o into_o many_o other_o vein_n and_o quote_v steno_n note_v that_o they_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o jugular_a and_o other_o vein_n and_o also_o his_o countryman_n frederick_n ruysch_n write_v that_o by_o ligature_n and_o structure_n of_o the_o valve_n he_o have_v plain_o see_v that_o all_o the_o lymphduct_n in_o the_o lung_n do_v discharge_v their_o lympha_fw-la into_o the_o subclavian_n axillar_n and_o jugular_a vein_n there_o have_v be_v much_o dispute_n what_o this_o lympha_fw-la which_o they_o carry_v be_v bartholin_n think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o simple_a superfluous_a serum_fw-la of_o each_o part_n bring_v thither_o by_o the_o artery_n glisson_n that_o it_o be_v a_o liquor_n condense_v from_o the_o halitus_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n like_o dew_n drive_v into_o these_o vessel_n and_o flow_v back_o with_o the_o vehicle_n of_o the_o aliment_n bring_v by_o the_o nerve_n segerus_fw-la and_o silvius_n that_o it_o be_v the_o animal_n spirit_n or_o be_v make_v of_o they_o which_o after_o they_o be_v distribute_v into_o all_o part_n by_o the_o nerve_n be_v there_o partly_o consume_v and_o dissipate_v and_o be_v partly_o condense_v into_o this_o water_n diemerbroeck_n quote_v more_o opinion_n beside_o these_o but_o reject_v they_o all_o and_o establish_v this_o of_o his_o own_o viz._n that_o it_o be_v a_o fermentaceous_a liquor_n separate_v from_o the_o serous_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o conglobate_a gland_n yet_o not_o simple_a but_o impregnate_v with_o much_o fused_a and_o volatile_a salt_n and_o also_o with_o some_o sulphureous_a
afford_v stability_n straightness_n and_o form_n to_o the_o body_n it_o may_v be_v define_v to_o be_v a_o similar_v part_n definition_n most_o dry_a and_o cold_a inflexible_a void_a of_o sense_n afford_v stabiliment_n and_o form_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n bones_o have_v be_v common_o teach_v to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o more_o crass_a matter_n tartareous_a or_o earthy_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n in_o the_o womb_n and_o that_o they_o be_v nourish_v with_o the_o like_a particle_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o moisten_v with_o their_o contain_v marrow_n and_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n to_o recede_v from_o this_o doctrine_n unless_o one_o will_v commence_v litem_fw-la de_fw-la nomine_fw-la brangle_v about_o a_o term_n for_o though_o woman_n have_v no_o true_a seed_n and_o the_o man_n be_v only_o a_o active_a principle_n of_o generation_n afford_v nothing_o of_o matter_n to_o the_o part_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la but_o only_o impregnate_v the_o ouum_fw-la as_o be_v show_v in_o book_n 1_o yet_o if_o we_o will_v but_o grant_v the_o name_n of_o seed_n to_o the_o humour_n in_o the_o ouum_fw-la which_o we_o may_v do_v without_o absurdity_n we_o may_v continue_v the_o old_a manner_n of_o speak_v now_o though_o they_o be_v continual_o nourish_v yet_o towards_o manhood_n by_o the_o increase_a heat_n of_o the_o body_n the_o primigeneal_a moisture_n be_v so_o lessen_v that_o the_o bone_n through_o their_o hardness_n be_v not_o apt_a to_o be_v any_o long_o extend_v and_o so_o man_n cease_v to_o grow_v any_o high_a of_o stature_n their_o nourishment_n be_v bring_v to_o they_o by_o the_o artery_n vessel_n and_o what_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o their_o use_n return_v back_o by_o the_o vein_n several_a of_o they_o as_o the_o shoulder_n and_o thigh-bone_n have_v apparent_a hole_n for_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o vessel_n into_o their_o marrow_n and_o such_o as_o have_v no_o marrow_n and_o so_o want_v such_o hole_n they_o be_v common_o of_o a_o more_o spongy_a or_o fungous_a substance_n into_o which_o no_o doubt_n some_o nutritive_a particle_n of_o the_o blood_n pass_v from_o the_o artery_n though_o their_o branching_n therein_o be_v not_o so_o apparent_a there_o be_v no_o nerve_n that_o be_v insert_v into_o they_o except_o into_o the_o tooth_n but_o these_o only_o run_v through_o the_o membrane_n or_o periosteum_n that_o invest_v they_o the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o bone_n be_v the_o same_o vivisick_n spirit_n or_o plastic_a power_n seat_v in_o the_o ouum_fw-la cause_n that_o form_v all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n galen_n call_v it_o facultas_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o ossifick_a faculty_n some_o think_v this_o same_o spirit_n may_v be_v call_v the_o essential_a form_n of_o the_o bone_n though_o common_o that_o be_v say_v to_o be_v their_o cold_a and_o dry_a temperature_n as_o their_o accidental_a form_n be_v their_o figure_n which_o be_v common_o either_o round_a or_o flat_a but_o these_o be_v too_o dry_a notion_n to_o be_v insist_v on_o in_o this_o place_n their_o substance_n be_v whitish_a and_o hard_a substance_n in_o some_o bone_n and_o at_o some_o age_n more_o and_o in_o other_o less_o not_o altogether_o dry_a in_o live_a person_n but_o bedew_v with_o a_o fat_a and_o unctuous_a moisture_n which_o the_o more_o it_o abound_v the_o bone_n be_v the_o tough_a and_o less_o apt_a to_o break_v and_o when_o they_o be_v break_v they_o be_v the_o apt_a to_o grow_v together_o again_o with_o a_o callus_fw-la which_o such_o viscous_a juice_n contribute_v very_o much_o to_o and_o it_o be_v only_o by_o a_o callus_fw-la that_o any_o bone_n be_v join_v after_o fracture_n for_o a_o bone_n be_v of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o part_n that_o be_v call_v spermatick_a can_v never_o be_v generate_v anew_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o natural_a affection_n of_o bone_n the_o affection_n of_o bone_n be_v either_o common_a to_o all_o or_o proper_a to_o some_o only_o the_o common_a be_v seven_o affection_n for_o first_o a_o bone_n must_v be_v hard_a the_o more_o firm_o to_o sustain_v the_o body_n second_o of_o a_o whitish_a colour_n because_o it_o be_v a_o spermatick_a part_n three_o destitute_a of_o feeling_n for_o avoid_v of_o pain_n in_o motion_n four_o it_o must_v be_v either_o hollow_a to_o contain_v marrow_n in_o its_o cavity_n for_o moisten_v of_o it_o or_o spongious_a and_o porous_a that_o some_o nutritive_a particle_n of_o the_o blood_n may_v pass_v through_o its_o very_a substance_n five_o its_o end_n must_v be_v cover_v with_o a_o cartilege_n and_o that_o bedew_v with_o a_o unctuous_a humour_n to_o procure_v a_o easy_a motion_n six_o it_o must_v be_v cover_v with_o a_o membrane_n to_o preserve_v it_o from_o cariosity_n except_o the_o four_o bone_n of_o the_o ear_n and_o the_o part_n of_o the_o tooth_n above_o the_o gum_n seven_o it_o must_v be_v equal_a wherefore_o the_o callus_fw-la wherewith_o a_o break_a bone_n be_v unite_v and_o nodes_fw-la in_o the_o pox_n be_v not_o natural_a affection_n these_o token_n that_o follow_v show_v a_o bone_n to_o be_v preternatural_o affect_v first_o if_o it_o be_v soft_a because_o that_o must_v cause_v the_o member_n to_o be_v too_o flexible_a second_o if_o it_o be_v too_o dry_a for_o than_o it_o be_v distemper_v three_o if_o it_o be_v black_a for_o than_o it_o be_v carious_a four_o if_o its_o figure_n be_v alter_v for_o than_o it_o must_v hinder_v the_o action_n of_o the_o part_n the_o proper_a affection_n be_v four_o proper_a the_o first_o be_v a_o cavity_n and_o it_o be_v twofold_a for_o it_o be_v either_o deep_a as_o in_o the_o hip-bone_n and_o be_v call_v cotyle_n or_o shallow_a as_o in_o the_o knee_n and_o be_v call_v glene_n the_o second_o be_v a_o protuberance_n of_o which_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n for_o it_o be_v either_o a_o continue_a part_n of_o the_o bone_n jet_v manifest_o above_o its_o plain_a superficies_n for_o the_o more_o commodious_a insertion_n of_o the_o muscle_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v call_v apophysis_n a_o process_n or_o else_o it_o be_v like_o a_o additional_a bone_n grow_v to_o another_o by_o simple_a and_o immediate_a contiguity_n and_o general_o soft_a and_o more_o porous_a than_o it_o and_o be_v call_v epiphysis_n a_o appendage_n if_o the_o protuberance_n of_o the_o bone_n be_v round_o it_o be_v call_v its_o caput_fw-la under_o which_o be_v the_o ceruix_fw-la as_o in_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o thigh-bone_n if_o it_o be_v flat_a it_o be_v call_v condylus_n if_o point_v corone_n other_o protuberance_n be_v name_v from_o the_o similitude_n they_o have_v to_o other_o thing_n as_o styloide_n coracoide_n etc._n etc._n the_o three_o be_v inequality_n this_o be_v see_v in_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o occiput_fw-la for_o the_o insertion_n of_o the_o muscle_n the_o four_o be_v smoothness_n as_o in_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o skull_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o join_n of_o bone_n together_o they_o be_v couple_v together_o either_o by_o articulation_n or_o joint_v or_o else_o by_o symphysis_n or_o grow_v together_o articulation_n be_v either_o for_o manifest_v articulation_n or_o obscure_a motion_n the_o jointing_n which_o serve_v for_o manifest_a motion_n be_v three_o first_o enarthrosis_fw-la which_o be_v when_o a_o large_a head_n of_o a_o bone_n be_v receive_v into_o a_o deep_a cavity_n as_o the_o thigh-bone_n into_o the_o hip-bone_n second_o arthrodia_n which_o be_v when_o the_o cavity_n which_o receive_v be_v shallow_a and_o the_o head_n of_o the_o bone_n which_o be_v receive_v flattish_a such_o be_v the_o articulation_n of_o the_o low_a jaw_n with_o the_o temple-bone_n the_o three_o be_v ginglymos_fw-la when_o the_o same_o bone_n receive_v and_o be_v receive_v this_o fall_v out_o three_o manner_n of_o way_n first_o when_o the_o bone_n be_v receive_v by_o another_o and_o receive_v the_o same_o this_o be_v see_v in_o the_o articulation_n of_o the_o shoulder-bone_n with_o the_o vlna_fw-la second_o when_o a_o bone_n receive_v one_o bone_n and_o be_v receive_v by_o another_o this_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o spondyl_n or_o vertebra_n of_o the_o back_n where_o the_o middle_a bone_n receive_v the_o upper_a and_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o low_a the_o three_o be_v when_o the_o process_n of_o the_o bone_n be_v long_o and_o round_o be_v insert_v into_o another_o upper_a bone_n and_o so_o be_v turn_v in_o the_o cavity_n like_o a_o axletree_n in_o a_o wheel_n so_o be_v the_o second_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n joint_v with_o the_o first_o articulation_n for_o obscure_a motion_n be_v call_v synarthrosis_n and_o such_o be_v the_o joint_v of_o the_o rib_n with_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o carpus_n and_o metacarpus_fw-la and_o of_o the_o talus_fw-la with_o the_o heel-bone_n bones_o grow_v together_o either_o without_o some_o middle_n heterogeneous_a substance_n symphysis_n or_o with_o it_o without_o some_o
membrane_n the_o one_o be_v common_a and_o external_a common_n borrow_v from_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la within_o the_o reduplication_n of_o which_o the_o whole_a kidney_n be_v lap_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v call_v renis_fw-la fascia_fw-la this_o membrane_n be_v besmear_v with_o copious_a fat_a whence_o it_o be_v call_v tunica_n adiposa_fw-la and_o into_o it_o enter_v the_o arteria_fw-la adiposa_fw-la from_o the_o aorta_fw-la as_o also_o the_o vena_fw-la adiposa_fw-la which_o on_o the_o right_a side_n common_o arise_v from_o the_o emulgent_a seldom_o from_o the_o cava_fw-la but_o on_o the_o left_a always_o from_o the_o cava_fw-la by_o mean_n of_o this_o membrane_n it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v both_o join_v to_o the_o loin_n and_o midriff_n the_o right_a to_o the_o caecum_fw-la and_o sometime_o to_o the_o liver_n the_o left_a to_o the_o spleen_n and_o colon_n as_o be_v note_v before_o although_o they_o be_v exceed_o fat_a yet_o some_o part_n of_o the_o kidney_n will_v remain_v uncover_v about_o the_o middle_n their_o inner_a and_o proper_a membrane_n be_v make_v of_o the_o outer_a coat_n of_o those_o vessel_n that_o enter_v into_o they_o proper_a for_o they_o enter_v the_o kidney_n with_o only_o one_o coat_n and_o this_o adher_v very_o close_o to_o they_o have_v insert_v into_o it_o small_a nerve_n from_o the_o intercostal_n pair_n and_o one_o from_o that_o branch_n of_o it_o which_o go_v also_o to_o the_o stomach_n whence_o that_o consent_n betwixt_o the_o kidney_n and_o it_o that_o in_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o stone_n in_o the_o kidney_n a_o vomit_v be_v cause_v but_o these_o nerve_n enter_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o kidney_n in_o very_a few_o but_o by_o small_a slip_n whence_o they_o have_v but_o a_o dull_a sense_n as_o to_o their_o parenchyma_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o kidney_n substance_n as_o it_o appear_v to_o the_o bare_a eye_n look_v fibrous_a compact_v of_o the_o concourse_n and_o commixture_n of_o very_a small_a vessel_n join_v together_o by_o a_o fleshy_a parenchyma_n that_o have_v divers_a small_a channel_n outward_o to_o feel_v upon_o it_o be_v pretty_a hard_a but_o within_o it_o be_v indifferent_a spongy_a its_o circumference_n be_v of_o a_o dull_a red_a colour_n but_o towards_o the_o pelvis_n it_o be_v more_o pale_a thus_o the_o kidney_n appear_v to_o the_o sight_n but_o malpighius_n with_o his_o microscope_n have_v make_v a_o far_o more_o accurate_a discovery_n of_o their_o substance_n he_o say_v lib._n de_fw-la renibus_fw-la that_o though_o in_o grow_v man_n their_o superficies_n seem_v common_o plain_a yet_o it_o be_v unequal_a in_o infant_n new_a bear_v and_o that_o in_o adult_a person_n the_o conjunction_n of_o globules_n do_v still_o appear_v within_o from_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n which_o in_o the_o several_a globule_n outward_o and_o towards_o the_o side_n to_o which_o they_o be_v join_v be_v red_a but_o more_o pale_a on_o the_o inner_a side_n and_o as_o in_o brutus_n these_o globule_n be_v round_o outward_o and_o extend_v inward_o into_o a_o obtuse_a narrowness_n become_v quadrangular_a quinquangular_a or_o sexangular_a and_o so_o be_v join_v together_o so_o also_o in_o man_n there_o may_v from_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n be_v manifest_o observe_v a_o like_a but_o more_o firm_a conjunction_n if_o one_o take_v off_o the_o membrane_n from_o a_o fresh_a and_o as_o yet_o soft_a kidney_n there_o may_v by_o a_o good_a microscope_n be_v discover_v certain_a round_o and_o short_a body_n roll_v about_o like_o little_a worm_n not_o unlike_o those_o that_o be_v find_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o kidney_n be_v cut_v through_o the_o middle_n and_o under_o the_o outmost_a superficies_n one_o may_v observe_v wonderful_a branch_n of_o vessel_n with_o their_o globule_n hang_v at_o they_o which_o run_v towards_o the_o pelvis_n as_o also_o certain_a continue_v wind_v space_n and_o sinus_n run_v through_o all_o the_o outer_a superficies_n of_o the_o kidney_n that_o become_v conspicuous_a by_o inject_v ink_n through_o the_o emulgent_a artery_n and_o moreover_o innumerable_a small_a pipe_n which_o look_v something_o like_o fibrous_a or_o parenchymatous_a flesh_n but_o be_v indeed_o membranous_a and_o hollow_a these_o make_v up_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o kidney_n and_o be_v the_o excretory_a vessel_n of_o the_o urine_n moreover_o he_o say_v that_o if_o after_o the_o membrane_n be_v remove_v one_o make_v injection_n into_o the_o emulgent_a artery_n with_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n tinge_v black_a he_o may_v discern_v innumerable_a very_o small_a glandule_n hang_v upon_o fork_a artery_n which_o by_o the_o injection_n be_v also_o colour_v black_a as_o also_o many_o other_o in_o the_o interstice_n of_o the_o urinary_a vessel_n which_o hang_v like_o apple_n upon_o the_o artery_n now_o fill_v with_o the_o black_a liquor_n and_o branch_v like_o a_o tree_n he_o think_v that_o from_o these_o gland_n into_o which_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o artery_n end_n the_o root_n of_o the_o vein_n arise_v and_o that_o the_o nerve_n reach_v to_o they_o too_o and_o that_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o excretory_a vessel_n of_o the_o ureter_n be_v extend_v so_o far_o also_o see_v this_o be_v constant_a in_o all_o gland_n that_o every_o little_a globule_n have_v beside_o the_o artery_n and_o vein_n a_o proper_a excretory_n vessel_n as_o the_o bilary_n in_o the_o liver_n etc._n etc._n and_o he_o have_v observe_v that_o those_o same_o pipe_n or_o urinary_a fibre_n do_v many_o of_o they_o terminate_v in_o one_o of_o the_o papillae_fw-la twelve_o into_o one_o through_o which_o the_o urine_n be_v transcolate_v into_o the_o pelvis_n for_o into_o it_o they_o jet_v out_o and_o that_o the_o same_o siphon_n or_o urinary_a vessel_n be_v produce_v from_o the_o circumference_n to_o these_o papillae_fw-la as_o to_o their_o country_n by_o this_o curious_a and_o accurate_a description_n of_o their_o substance_n he_o have_v great_o dispel_v that_o mist_n of_o ignorance_n that_o anatomist_n hitherto_o be_v in_o as_o to_o their_o frame_n and_o parenchyma_n but_o to_o proceed_v the_o emulgent_a artery_n emulgent_n spring_v from_o the_o descend_a trunk_n of_o the_o aorta_n go_v into_o the_o hollow_a side_n of_o the_o kidney_n artery_n be_v first_o divide_v into_o two_o but_o in_o the_o kidney_n it_o be_v spread_v in_o divers_a branch_n through_o its_o whole_a substance_n and_o end_n in_o it_o in_o very_o small_a and_o invisible_a capillary_n by_o it_o much_o blood_n be_v convey_v to_o the_o reins_o for_o it_o be_v a_o great_a artery_n partly_o to_o nourish_v they_o and_o the_o urinary_a vessel_n partly_o that_o in_o their_o glandule_n a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o serum_n may_v be_v separate_v from_o it_o which_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o urinary_a fibres_fw-fr to_o the_o papillae_fw-la ouze_v through_o they_o into_o the_o pelvis_n the_o emulgent_a vein_n be_v a_o little_o large_a than_o the_o artery_n vein_n its_o root_n 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out_o of_o the_o kidney_n as_o the_o artery_n go_v in_o but_o both_o the_o branch_n be_v present_o unite_v into_o one_o and_o always_o open_a by_o one_o orifice_n into_o the_o cava_fw-la of_o the_o nerve_n we_o have_v speak_v before_o discourse_v of_o the_o proper_a membrane_n of_o the_o kidney_n and_o as_o to_o lymphduct_n there_o have_v no_o certain_a discovery_n be_v yet_o make_v of_o any_o in_o they_o within_o the_o kidney_n there_o be_v a_o membranous_a cell_n or_o sinus_n pelvis_n call_v pelvis_n or_o infundibulum_fw-la i._n e._n the_o basin_n or_o tunnel_n which_o be_v make_v of_o the_o ureter_n expanded_a and_o dilate_a and_o come_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o kidney_n with_o eight_o or_o ten_o open_a and_o large_a pipe_n into_o this_o pelvis_n do_v the_o serum_n issue_n from_o the_o urinary_a siphon_n through_o the_o caruâ—culae_fw-la papillares_fw-la or_o mammillare_v for_o one_o of_o these_o stand_v at_o the_o head_n of_o each_o of_o the_o say_v eight_o or_o ten_o
in_o the_o same_o coat_n with_o the_o spermatick_a vessel_n they_o adhere_v close_o to_o the_o testicle_n at_o their_o end_n than_o in_o the_o midst_n de_fw-fr graef_n define_v they_o to_o be_v vessel_n make_v with_o their_o various_a wind_n that_o body_n that_o be_v fix_v on_o the_o back_n of_o the_o testicle_n to_o find_v out_o their_o substance_n he_o direct_v we_o thus_o first_o take_v off_o the_o membrane_n that_o encompass_n they_o and_o knit_v they_o to_o the_o stone_n and_o then_o there_o will_v appear_v many_o wind_n which_o with_o the_o edge_n of_o a_o knife_n may_v without_o hurt_v the_o vessel_n be_v so_o easy_o separate_v from_o one_o another_o that_o they_o may_v be_v draw_v out_o into_o a_o length_n like_o a_o thing_n fold_v for_o they_o be_v only_o fold_v from_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o and_o be_v keep_v in_o that_o site_n by_o the_o membrane_n receive_v from_o the_o tunica_n albuginea_fw-mi or_o spermatick_a vessel_n but_o when_o you_o have_v unravel_v half_a 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out_o of_o the_o testicle_n be_v unite_v which_o they_o be_v in_o a_o short_a space_n but_o of_o one_o only_o a_o little_o thick_a second_o that_o the_o epididymidae_fw-la differ_v not_o from_o the_o vasa_n deferentia_fw-la save_v that_o those_o go_v by_o a_o serpentine_a wind_a passage_n and_o these_o by_o a_o straight_a and_o that_o those_o be_v a_o little_o soft_a and_o narrow_a and_o so_o conclude_v he_o follow_v this_o ariadne_n thread_n we_o have_v happy_o make_v our_o way_n out_o of_o the_o labyrinth_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la and_o epididymidae_fw-la the_o use_n of_o the_o stone_n be_v two_o use_v the_o first_o be_v to_o elaborate_v the_o seed_n by_o the_o seminifical_a faculty_n resident_a in_o they_o for_o they_o turn_v the_o blood_n which_o be_v bring_v by_o the_o arteriae_fw-la praeparantes_fw-la and_o impregnate_v with_o animal_n spirit_n into_o seed_n for_o the_o most_o part_n some_o be_v spend_v on_o their_o own_o nutrition_n and_o what_o remain_v from_o both_o be_v carry_v back_o by_o the_o vein_n call_v praeparantes_fw-la the_o second_o be_v to_o add_v heat_n strength_n and_o courage_n to_o the_o body_n as_o gelding_n do_v manifest_a by_o the_o which_o all_o these_o be_v impair_v the_o explanation_n of_o the_o table_n figure_n i._n a_o the_o artery_n prepare_v seed_n run_v from_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi to_o the_o testicle_n b_o its_o division_n into_o two_o branch_n cc_o the_o lesser_a branch_n thereof_o which_o run_v to_o the_o epididymidae_fw-la dd_v the_o great_a which_o be_v implant_v into_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o testicle_n and_o descend_v along_o its_o back_n towards_o its_o low_a part_n to_o which_o the_o small_a end_n of_o the_o epididymis_fw-la be_v annex_v then_o it_o go_v back_o again_o along_o the_o belly_n of_o the_o testicle_n where_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o many_o branch_n e_o the_o great_a end_n of_o the_o epididymis_fw-la knit_v close_o to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o testicle_n f_o the_o middle_a 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the_o vein_n be_v blow_v up_o appear_v knotty_a eeee_o very_o many_o division_n and_o union_n of_o the_o venae_fw-la praeparantes_fw-la that_o the_o blood_n superfluous_a from_o the_o generation_n of_o seed_n be_v detain_v in_o one_o ramification_n may_v return_v to_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o other_o f_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o testicle_n into_o which_o the_o ramification_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la praeparans_fw-la be_v implant_v g_o the_o ramification_n of_o the_o venae_fw-la praeparantes_fw-la creep_v along_o the_o side_n of_o the_o testicle_n through_o their_o white_a coat_n h_o the_o body_n of_o the_o testicle_n i_o the_o big_a end_n k_o the_o middle_n and_o l_o the_o small_a end_n of_o the_o epididymis_fw-la m_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la cut_v off_o almost_o in_o the_o middle_n figure_n iii_o a_o the_o prepare_v vessel_n cut_v off_o b_o the_o prepare_v vessel_n as_o they_o run_v to_o the_o testicle_n c_o their_o ramification_n tend_v to_o the_o epididymidae_fw-la d_o the_o great_a branch_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la praeparans_fw-la run_v along_o the_o belly_n of_o the_o testicle_n i_fw-mi the_o ramification_n of_o the_o venae_fw-la praeparantes_fw-la f_o a_o dog_n testicle_n swell_v with_o seed_n g_o the_o big_a end_n of_o the_o epididymis_fw-la turgid_a with_o seed_n h_o the_o lesser_a end_n likewise_o turgid_a with_o seed_n i_o the_o end_n of_o the_o epididymis_fw-la or_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la k_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la of_o a_o dog_n tie_v before_o the_o coitus_fw-la the_o prepare_v vessel_n be_v unhurt_a that_o the_o seminary_n vessel_n be_v fill_v with_o seed_n may_v be_v see_v more_o apparent_o chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o vasa_n deferentia_fw-la vesiculae_fw-la seminales_fw-la and_o prostatae_fw-la out_o of_o the_o epididymidae_fw-la at_o their_o small_a end_n arise_v the_o two_o vasa_n deferentia_fw-la deferentia_fw-la or_o ejaculatoria_n be_v but_o a_o continuation_n of_o they_o they_o be_v white_a hardish_a body_n like_o a_o pretty_a large_a nerve_n with_o a_o cavity_n not_o very_o discernible_a but_o which_o may_v be_v make_v so_o if_o one_o open_v one_o of_o they_o six_o or_o seven_o finger_n breadth_n above_o the_o testicle_n and_o then_o either_o blow_v into_o it_o with_o a_o small_a pipe_n or_o squirt_v some_o colour_a liquor_n into_o it_o with_o a_o syringe_n towards_o the_o testis_fw-la for_o then_o the_o vessel_n will_v be_v distend_v and_o the_o colour_n will_v run_v along_o its_o cavity_n towards_o the_o epididymidae_fw-la or_o if_o you_o either_o blow_n or_o squirt_v liquor_n by_o a_o syringe_n the_o other_o way_n towards_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la seminales_fw-la the_o say_v vesiculae_fw-la will_v be_v distend_v now_o from_o the_o epididymidae_fw-la these_o vasa_n deferntia_fw-la ascend_v and_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o cod_n into_o the_o abdomen_fw-la the_o same_o way_n by_o which_o the_o vasa_n praeparantia_fw-la come_v down_o viz._n by_o the_o process_n of_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la when_o they_o be_v enter_v the_o abdomeâ—_n they_o be_v carry_v present_o over_o the_o ureter_n and_o turn_v back_o again_o they_o pass_v to_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o bladder_n between_o which_o and_o the_o intestinum_fw-la rectum_fw-la they_o march_v till_o about_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bladder_n be_v somewhat_o sever_v where_o they_o grow_v wide_a and_o thick_a and_o then_o just_a as_o they_o be_v go_v to_o meet_v their_o side_n open_a into_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la seminales_fw-la in_o which_o they_o deposit_v the_o seed_n but_o not_o terminate_a here_o but_o come_v close_o together_o and_o grow_a small_a and_o small_a they_o go_v on_o and_o end_v at_o the_o vrethra_n betwixt_o the_o prostatae_fw-la these_o vesiculae_fw-la be_v little_a cell_n like_o those_o in_o a_o pomegranate_n seminales_fw-la or_o something_o like_o a_o bunch_n of_o grape_n de_n graef_n compare_v they_o to_o the_o gut_n of_o a_o little_a bird_n diverse_o contort_a they_o consist_v of_o one_o
swell_v betwixt_o the_o head_n and_o ligature_n nor_o if_o one_o cut_v the_o nerve_n in_o sunder_o will_v any_o thing_n destil_n out_o of_o it_o so_o that_o it_o be_v very_o absurd_a to_o think_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n according_a to_o the_o first_o opinion_n nor_o do_v it_o seem_v reasonable_a to_o imagine_v that_o the_o chyle_n shall_v ascend_v from_o the_o stomach_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o nerve_n while_o this_o nervous_a juice_n that_o be_v contend_v for_o with_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v descend_v by_o the_o same_o for_o one_o can_v conceive_v how_o such_o contrary_a motion_n of_o liquor_n in_o the_o same_o vessel_n can_v be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n though_o from_o the_o sudden_a refection_n that_o person_n ready_a to_o faint_v receive_v from_o spirituous_a liquor_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v probable_a that_o certain_a effluvia_fw-la or_o subtle_a and_o spirituous_a vapour_n do_v enter_v the_o nervous_a silament_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o stomach_n and_o recruit_v the_o animal_n spirit_n immediate_o without_o fetch_v that_o compass_n that_o i_o believe_v all_o the_o chyle_n do_v and_o as_o the_o nerve_n imbibe_n no_o chyle_n from_o the_o stomach_n etc._n etc._n so_o receive_v they_o no_o more_o from_o the_o artery_n than_o some_o of_o its_o most_o spirituous_a and_o volatile_a particle_n elaborate_v in_o the_o brain_n into_o animal_n spirit_n which_o have_v indeed_o some_o little_a moisture_n accompany_v they_o as_o a_o vehicle_n but_o which_o be_v neither_o of_o a_o suitable_a nature_n nor_o of_o proportionable_a quantity_n for_o the_o nourishment_n even_o of_o the_o spermatick_a part_n only_o for_o see_v the_o nerve_n have_v no_o conspicuous_a cavity_n but_o only_o imperceptible_a pore_n by_o which_o any_o liquor_n can_v drill_v along_o they_o such_o liquor_n must_v needs_o be_v most_o thin_a and_o watery_a and_o therefore_o unfit_a to_o be_v assimilate_v to_o any_o part_n and_o last_o as_o to_o the_o opinion_n that_o it_o separate_v the_o particle_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o so_o distribute_v those_o that_o be_v respective_o proper_a for_o unto_z each_o part_n as_o the_o sulphureous_a to_o the_o fat_a etc._n etc._n or_o be_v to_o the_o blood_n as_o the_o form_n be_v to_o the_o matter_n it_o be_v a_o ingenious_a hypothesis_n i_o confess_v but_o whether_o true_a i_o dare_v not_o affirm_v chap._n x._o of_o the_o nerve_n arise_v within_o the_o skull_n and_o first_o of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o pair_n so_o much_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n etc._n etc._n it_o follow_v that_o we_o show_v the_o nerve_n which_o proceed_v from_o it_o of_o they_o there_o have_v be_v reckon_v seven_o pair_n comprehend_v in_o these_o verse_n optica_fw-la prima_fw-la oculos_fw-la movet_fw-la altera_fw-la tertia_fw-la gustat_fw-la quarta_fw-la &_o quinta_fw-la audit_n vaga_fw-la sexta_fw-la at_o septima_fw-la linguae_fw-la est_fw-la but_o assent_v to_o dr._n willis_n that_o most_o accurate_a describer_n of_o they_o who_o hold_v the_o processus_n mammillare_v to_o be_v the_o olfactory_a nerve_n and_o the_o par_fw-fr vagum_fw-la and_o intercostale_a to_o be_v two_o distinct_a pair_n we_o reckon_v nine_o in_o all_o of_o the_o two_o first_o of_o which_o in_o this_o chapter_n of_o all_o the_o pair_n of_o nerve_n that_o rise_v within_o the_o skull_n pair_n the_o olfactory_a or_o smell_a pair_n be_v the_o first_o otherwise_o call_v processus_n mammillare_v they_o spring_v from_o the_o crura_fw-la of_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la betwixt_o the_o corpora_fw-la striata_fw-la and_o the_o little_a hillock_n or_o eminence_n out_o of_o which_o the_o optic_a nerve_n rise_v call_v by_o galen_n their_o thalami_fw-la though_o diemerbroeck_n that_o deny_v they_o to_o be_v nerve_n affirm_v that_o they_o spring_v not_o from_o the_o say_v medulla_n but_o from_o the_o globous_a marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n proper_o so_o call_v and_o its_o fore_n ventricles_n but_o have_v discourse_v of_o these_o in_o a_o particular_a chapter_n viz._n chap._n 8._o we_o shall_v add_v no_o more_o of_o they_o here_o the_o second_o pair_n the_o optici_fw-la or_o visorii_fw-la nervi_fw-la make_v pair_n these_o bestow_v upon_o the_o eye_n the_o faculty_n of_o see_v they_o spring_v from_o the_o crura_fw-la or_o trunk_n of_o the_o oblongata_fw-la medulla_n behind_o the_o corpora_fw-la striata_fw-la as_o be_v note_v in_o the_o forego_n paragraph_n they_o march_v on_o from_o thence_o draw_v near_o one_o to_o another_o until_o they_o meet_v at_o the_o sella_fw-la of_o os_fw-la sphenoide_v where_o they_o be_v unite_v by_o the_o close_a conjunction_n but_o not_o confusion_n of_o their_o fibre_n which_o run_v lengthway_n in_o these_o nerve_n as_o they_o do_v in_o all_o other_o these_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v big_a and_o thick_a but_o soft_a in_o their_o beginning_n they_o be_v soft_a but_o in_o their_o progress_n become_v hard_a that_o they_o may_v pass_v the_o more_o secure_o so_o long_o a_o way_n dr._n willis_n say_v they_o have_v many_o fibres_fw-fr from_o the_o three_o pair_n of_o nerve_n and_o many_o sanguiferous_a vessel_n run_v along_o they_o they_o be_v hollow_a until_o they_o be_v unite_v nerve_n but_o after_o their_o hollowness_n can_v be_v discern_v this_o hollowness_n may_v be_v show_v in_o a_o large_a beast_n new_o kill_v and_o in_o a_o clear_a light_n after_o their_o unition_n they_o be_v separate_v again_o insertion_n and_o each_o of_o they_o pass_v through_o the_o first_o hole_n of_o os_fw-mi cuneiforme_a be_v insert_v oblique_o into_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o eye_n these_o nerve_n have_v two_o membrane_n substance_n and_o the_o inner_a soft_a marrowy_a substance_n or_o fibres_n the_o membrane_n spring_v from_o the_o two_o meninge_n the_o inner_a substance_n from_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la from_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o these_o nerve_n be_v the_o tunicle_n of_o the_o eye_n frame_v eye_n for_o the_o cornea_n or_o sclerotica_fw-la do_v proceed_v from_o the_o thick_a membrane_n or_o dura_n mater_fw-la the_o wea_fw-mi from_o the_o thin_a membrane_n or_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la and_o the_o retina_fw-la from_o the_o marrowy_a substance_n chap._n xi_o of_o the_o three_o and_o four_o pair_n the_o three_o pair_n be_v term_v motorium_fw-la oculorum_fw-la pair_n because_o it_o move_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n beginning_n it_o have_v its_o beginning_n at_o the_o innermost_a part_n or_o basis_n of_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la behind_o the_o infundibulum_fw-la this_o pair_n be_v unite_v at_o its_o rise_n object_n whence_o be_v common_o draw_v a_o reason_n why_o one_o eye_n be_v move_v towards_o any_o object_n the_o other_o be_v direct_v also_o to_o the_o same_o it_o be_v small_a and_o hard_a than_o the_o former_a branch_n and_o be_v present_o divide_v pass_v along_o by_o the_o optic_a pair_n and_o penetrate_v the_o second_o hole_n of_o os_fw-mi cuneiforme_a be_v carry_v towards_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o eye_n where_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o branch_n the_o first_o whereof_o mount_v above_o the_o optic_n be_v bestow_v upon_o the_o attollent_fw-la muscle_n and_o the_o eyelid_n the_o second_o easy_a to_o be_v see_v be_v bestow_v upon_o the_o adducent_fw-la muscle_n by_o sundry_a small_a twig_n the_o three_o by_o many_o fibres_n be_v insert_v into_o the_o depriment_fw-la muscle_n the_o four_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o middle_n of_o that_o muscle_n that_o draw_v about_o the_o eye_n oblique_o downward_o to_o the_o inner_a corner_n so_o that_o this_o pair_n only_o move_v four_o muscle_n the_o four_o pair_n proceed_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la pair_n contrary_a to_o all_o other_o which_o arise_v either_o from_o its_o basis_n insertion_n or_o side_n behind_o the_o round_a protuberance_n call_v nates_n and_o testes_fw-la whence_o bend_v forward_o by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la it_o present_o hide_v itself_o under_o the_o dura_n mater_fw-la under_o which_o proceed_v a_o while_n it_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o skull_n at_o the_o same_o hole_n with_o the_o other_o design_v for_o the_o eye_n communicate_v with_o no_o other_o nerve_n in_o its_o whole_a progress_n and_o be_v bestow_v whole_o as_o dr._n willis_n affirm_v on_o that_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n call_v trochlearis_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o five_o six_o and_o seven_o pair_n the_o author_n last_o mention_v say_v pair_n the_o five_o pair_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o annular_a process_n jet_v out_o from_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la rise_n but_o i_o think_v it_o be_v more_o probable_o affirm_v by_o other_o that_o this_o pair_n arise_v also_o from_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la a_o little_a below_o the_o former_a nerve_n it_o be_v trunk_n be_v very_o large_a consist_v of_o very_a many_o fibre_n some_o soft_a and_o some_o hard_a so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v not_o one_o single_a nerve_n but_o a_o
hollow_a to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o pass_v of_o the_o air_n to_o the_o labyrinthus_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o be_v a_o very_a small_a and_o round_o knob_v upon_o which_o the_o long_a foot_n of_o the_o anvil_n rest_v it_o be_v shape_n be_v much_o adapt_v to_o the_o fenestra_fw-la ovalis_fw-la which_o open_v into_o the_o labyrinth_n about_o which_o it_o be_v tie_v round_o somewhat_o loose_o so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v drive_v to_o within_o its_o sinus_n but_o can_v without_o violence_n be_v pull_v outward_o the_o four_o bone_n be_v find_v out_o by_o franc._n orbiculare_a silvius_n and_o from_o its_o round_a shape_n be_v call_v orbiculare_a it_o be_v tie_v by_o a_o slender_a ligament_n to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o stape_n where_o the_o stape_n be_v join_v to_o the_o incus_fw-la from_o the_o low_a side_n of_o this_o first_o inner_a cavity_n wherein_o these_o bone_n be_v contain_v there_o be_v a_o round_a meatus_fw-la to_o the_o palate_n of_o the_o mouth_n near_o the_o root_n of_o the_o wula_n and_o another_o that_o run_v to_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o nostril_n by_o which_o pituitous_a matter_n collect_v in_o it_o be_v discharge_v and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o that_o which_o open_v into_o the_o mouth_n it_o be_v that_o deafish_n people_n be_v assist_v in_o hear_v for_o we_o common_o observe_v such_o to_o open_v their_o mouth_n when_o they_o listen_v attentive_o in_o the_o middle_n also_o of_o this_o cavity_n there_o be_v two_o hole_n the_o great_a and_o high_a of_o which_o be_v shut_v by_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o stape_n when_o no_o sound_n penetrate_v the_o ear_n and_o be_v of_o a_o oval_a figure_n ovalis_fw-la whence_o it_o be_v call_v fenestra_fw-la ovalis_fw-la and_o open_v inward_o or_o backward_o pretty_a wide_a into_o the_o labyrinth_n the_o other_o be_v less_o and_o low_a and_o be_v of_o a_o round_a shape_n whence_o it_o be_v call_v rotunda_n rotunda_n and_o this_o be_v always_o open_a have_v no_o cover_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o pipe_n divide_v by_o the_o os_fw-la squamosum_fw-la one_o of_o which_o tend_v to_o the_o cochlea_n the_o other_o to_o the_o labyrinth_n this_o labyrinth_n be_v the_o second_o inner_a cavity_n labyrinthus_n be_v far_o less_o than_o the_o former_a and_o be_v first_o so_o call_v by_o fallopius_n from_o the_o hollow_a bony_a semicircle_n clothe_v with_o a_o thin_a membrane_n return_v circular_o into_o the_o same_o cavity_n the_o fenestra_fw-la ovalis_fw-la open_v into_o it_o out_o of_o the_o first_o cavity_n and_o beside_o this_o hole_n it_o have_v five_o other_o one_o of_o which_o open_v into_o the_o end_n of_o the_o large_a gyrus_n or_o wind_v of_o the_o cochlea_n the_o other_o four_o be_v so_o small_a that_o they_o hardly_o admit_v a_o hair_n through_o which_o the_o most_o slender_a fibres_n of_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n proceed_v to_o the_o inner_a membrane_n that_o encompass_n this_o cavity_n the_o three_o and_o last_o inner_a cavity_n be_v call_v cochlea_n cochlea_n because_o in_o its_o spiral_n wind_v it_o resemble_v a_o snail_n be_v shell_n it_o be_v less_o than_o the_o labyrinth_n and_o have_v two_o sometime_o three_o or_o four_o such_o wind_n which_o be_v clothe_v inward_o with_o a_o most_o thin_a membrane_n into_o which_o as_o into_o the_o labyrinth_n the_o slender_a fibres_fw-fr of_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n enter_v through_o three_o or_o four_o very_a small_a hole_n these_o three_o inner_a cavity_n be_v all_o form_v within_o the_o inner_a processus_n petrosus_fw-la of_o the_o temple-bone_n and_o in_o they_o be_v contain_v a_o most_o pure_a and_o subtle_a air_n which_o some_o think_v to_o be_v include_v in_o they_o in_o the_o very_a first_o formation_n of_o the_o part_n and_o therefore_o call_v it_o aer_fw-la insitus_fw-la and_o congenitus_fw-la some_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v animal_n spirit_n effuse_v into_o they_o by_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n this_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o ear_n have_v vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n from_o the_o same_o origines_fw-la as_o the_o outer_a only_o the_o hard_a process_n of_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n go_v to_o the_o outer_a and_o the_o soft_a to_o this_o inner_a which_o come_v by_o the_o hinder_a meatus_fw-la of_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la be_v insert_v into_o and_o disperse_v through_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o cochlea_n and_o labyrinth_n all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o auricula_fw-la and_o auris_fw-la concur_v to_o the_o perfect_a the_o hear_n what_o which_o be_v a_o sense_n whereby_o sound_n be_v perceive_v from_o the_o various_a tremble_a motion_n of_o the_o external_a air_n beat_v upon_o the_o tympanum_fw-la and_o thereby_o move_v the_o internal_a air_n with_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n and_o communicate_v to_o the_o common_a sensory_a now_o sound_v that_o be_v the_o object_n of_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o quality_n arise_v from_o the_o air_n or_o water_n beat_v upon_o and_o break_v by_o the_o sudden_a and_o vehement_a concussion_n of_o solid_a body_n and_o the_o diversity_n or_o greatness_n of_o such_o sound_n be_v distinguish_v by_o the_o four_o bone_n that_o stand_v on_o the_o inside_n the_o tympanum_fw-la for_o as_o from_o the_o great_a or_o less_o gentle_a or_o harsh_a impulse_n of_o the_o external_a sonorous_a air_n fluctuate_a like_o wave_n cause_v by_o a_o stone_n throw_v into_o the_o water_n the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tympanum_fw-la be_v according_o drive_v or_o shake_v against_o the_o malleus_fw-la the_o malleus_fw-la against_o the_o incus_fw-la and_o the_o incus_fw-la against_o the_o stape_n so_o as_o the_o same_o stape_n and_o os_fw-la orbiculare_a open_v the_o fenestra_fw-la ovalis_fw-la more_fw-mi or_o less_o be_v there_o a_o free_a or_o straight_a passage_n grant_v to_o the_o internal_a air_n into_o the_o labyrinth_n and_o cochlea_n in_o who_o tortuous_a and_o unequal_a wind_n it_o be_v various_o infringe_v and_o modulate_v from_o whence_o the_o species_n of_o sound_n that_o be_v make_v thereby_o according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o external_a impellent_fw-fr be_v sometime_o more_o acute_a sometime_o more_o full_a sometime_o more_o harsh_a sometime_o more_o gentle_a sometime_o big_a sometime_o less_o the_o idea_n of_o which_o species_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o common_a sensory_a and_o so_o represent_v to_o the_o mind_n by_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n that_o expand_v itself_o through_o the_o membrane_n that_o invest_v the_o say_a labyrinth_n and_o cochlea_n chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o nose_n the_o organ_n of_o see_v and_o hear_v be_v describe_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n we_o come_v now_o to_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o three_o sense_n viz._n smell_a which_o be_v the_o nose_n the_o part_n of_o the_o nose_n be_v either_o external_a or_o internal_a part_n the_o external_a part_n be_v these_o the_o skin_n muscle_n vein_n artery_n nerve_n bone_n and_o cartilage_n first_o the_o skin_n cleave_v so_o fast_o to_o the_o muscle_n and_o cartilage_n that_o it_o can_v be_v sever_v without_o rent_v second_o as_o for_o the_o muscle_n they_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o muscle_n book_n 5._o three_o the_o vein_n come_v from_o the_o external_a jugular_n as_o the_o artery_n from_o the_o carotide_n four_o the_o nerve_n come_v from_o the_o three_o pair_n on_o each_o side_n one_o five_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o nose_n be_v set_v down_o in_o book_n 6._o chap._n 6._o six_o the_o cartilage_n be_v in_o number_n five_o the_o two_o upper_a be_v broad_a and_o adhere_v to_o the_o low_a side_n of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o nose_n where_o they_o be_v broad_a and_o rough_a and_o be_v join_v to_o one_o another_o pass_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o nose_n make_v up_o one_o half_a of_o the_o alae_n the_o two_o under_o make_v up_o the_o other_o half_a the_o five_o divide_v the_o nostril_n these_o cartilage_n be_v move_v by_o the_o muscle_n the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o nose_n be_v these_o part_n first_o the_o membrane_n which_o cover_v the_o inside_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o dura_n mater_fw-la and_o pass_v through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o os_fw-mi cribriforme_a this_o membrane_n on_o its_o backside_n have_v abundance_n of_o little_a papillae_fw-la or_o gland_n in_o which_o the_o serum_n or_o rheum_n be_v separate_v that_o run_v out_o by_o the_o nose_n second_o the_o musculous_a membrane_n which_o draw_v together_o the_o nostril_n three_o the_o hair_n which_o disperse_v the_o air_n and_o hinder_v the_o creep_a in_o of_o infect_v four_o the_o red_a fleshy_a spongious_a substance_n with_o which_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o os_fw-la spongiosum_fw-la be_v fill_v up_o from_o which_o the_o polypus_n spring_v the_o length_n of_o a_o comely_a nose_n be_v the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o face_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o be_v bony_a be_v call_v drosum_fw-la nasi_fw-la part_n or_o the_o ridge_n the_o low_a lateral_a part_n