Selected quad for the lemma: spirit_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
spirit_n	artery_n	blood_n	vein_n	5,874	5	10.2889	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A02758	Klinike, or The diet of the diseased· Divided into three bookes. VVherein is set downe at length the whole matter and nature of diet for those in health, but especially for the sicke; the aire, and other elements; meat and drinke, with divers other things; various controversies concerning this subject are discussed: besides many pleasant practicall and historicall relations, both of the authours owne and other mens, &c. as by the argument of each booke, the contents of the chapters, and a large table, may easily appeare. Colellected [sic] as well out of the writings of ancient philosophers, Greeke, Latine, and Arabian, and other moderne writers; as out of divers other authours. Newly published by Iames Hart, Doctor in Physicke.	Hart, James, of Northampton.	1633 (1633)	STC 12888; ESTC S119800	647,313	474

of man together with the manner IT followeth now in order that wee say something concerning the veines to be opened in the body of man Vnder this name veine wee understand besides the ordinary veines the arteries also which by antient Physitians were often opened for divers infirmities the arteries have their originall from the great artery planted in the heart and sending branches thorow the whole body filled with a pure thin subtile and more refined blood than that of the veines and full of the vitall spirits These arteries are not with us usually opened as they were in antient times and that both in regard they are not so easily found also for the difficultie in the solidation there being danger of gangrene or at least of a dangerous tumour called ancurysma which are hard to be cured of these therefore I will say no more The liver is the fountain and wel-spring of blood from whence by the veines as it were so many pipes it is conveied thorow the whole body The two principall or master-veins taking both their being and beginning are the great hollow veine called by our Anatomists vena cava and the other vena porta or the porter-veine From these two especially vena cava are many great branches ful of blood distributed thorow the whole body Of these branches a● need requireth either by way of prevention or curation we open sometimes one sometimes another as well for generall evacuation as in great repletions and prevention of diseases as also sometimes to evacuate blood abounding either in quantity in quality or both in some great and dangerous diseases It is againe sometimes used for revulsion and sometimes for derivation as hath beene said already Sometimes also we use more particular evacuation of the veines as by leaches scarification with cupping as afterwards shall appeare The veines usually opened in the arme are sixe Cephalica Basilica Mediana Axillaris and besides these yet two other the one running downe the arme like a cord passing betwixt the thumbe and the formost finger and another runneth out betwixt the ring-finger and the little finger Among all these veines of the arme none more safe to be opened than the Cephalica or humeraria as having neither nerve nor artery under it as the others have These three first mentioned are most usually opened in the arme and sometimes the smaller veines upon some occasions to wit either when the great veins are not conspicuous or perhaps when we feare the strength of the party in which case the salvatella running betwixt the ring finger and the little finger is opened For these great master-veines send downe small branches which are distributed among the fingers All these veines are branches of the great ascendent truncke of the great hollow veine The Cephalica we open to evacuat and pull backe from the head and parts above the necke The Basilica or liver veine to evacuat and pull backe from the liver and all parts beneath the necke The mediana or middle veine drawes as well from the parts above as beneath the necke The Salvatella as well right as left are used to be opened in infirmities of the liver and spleen That which runneth out betwixt the formest finger and the thumb is not so often opened In the head there be divers veines which vpon occasion may bee opened howbeit not all in use there being few Surgeons so skillfull as to open them well There is one in the forehead usually opened for a paine in the hinder part of the head as also for the numnesse and heavinesse of the head and for the inflammation of the eyes called Ophthalmia The veines of the temples and in the corners of the eyes helpe the megrim old inflammations of the eyes scabs and inflammations of the eie lids But wee proceed now to veines usually opened in the foot howbeit there be divers more veines in and about the head which might upon occasion by a skillfull Artist be opened howbeit there is in frequent request phlebotomy of the veines called ravinae in a Squinancy and internall inflammations of the almonds Tensills and Tongue In the foot then there are two veines usually opened the one called Ischiadica or vena poplitis in the out-side of the foot usually opened in inflammations beneath the kidnies especially after the Basilica of the arme hath been once opened Saphena in the inside of the foot we open especially in infirmities of the womb as in retention of the menstruous fluxe c. And these veines are branches of the great truncke descendent of the great hollow veine Many ignorant Surgeons doe indifferently oftentimes open the wrong veine in the foot in women that in the outside for the other in the inside and so doe them wrong In phlebotomy we are likewise to observe a rectitude or answering of the place affected to the place by which we evacuat and this in revulsion is the best way and giveth speediest ease as in a Pleurisie to open a veine in the arme of the same side as if in the right side the right arme if in the left the left arme And Galen himselfe witnesseth that the parts of the body which have this relative situation have likewise a great communion or sympathy one with another as likewise eruptions of blood proceeding from any part of the side affected bring no small profit whereas that which proceedeth from the contrary side bringeth but small benefit or if otherwise it is after a long time But upon many other particulars concerning this point and many other alterations concerning the veines to be opened I thinke it not pertinent now to insist The manner of opening of the veine and the orifice are not to bee passed over Now as for the manner of the section it is of three sorts oblique or slopwise when as wee reiterate this operation the same day transverse or overthwart when as wee purpose no reiteration downe-right when we intend reiteration the next day Sometimes also we make a larger orifice and sometimes againe a narrower A large orifice we use when the blood is cold thicke clammie and melancholicke in Harvest and Winter and in strong and able constitutions And therefore in all diseases proceeding from melancholicke or phlegmaticke blood as in the Fever quartane quotidian madnesse proceeding from melancholy in the braine Apoplexie suppression of menstruous fluxes in women we are to use a large and ample orifice as likewise when we are to make use of a plentifull evacuation Sometimes againe we are to make a smaller orifice and that both to prevent weaknesse to evacuat the thinnest blood and to avoid the dangers which might insue upon immoderate evacuation If the party likewise prove unruly as in Delirations or Phrenesies or yet fall out in the night time the same course is to be taken and the sicke to bee watched lest the opening againe of the orifice should procure a dangerous if not deadly

lose a farre greater quantity of blood than the former No more is the changing of the colour of the blood especially in inflammations and many more cases besides any certaine signe of the true quantity Now this change of colour is either to be observed in the fluxe or after in the fluxe it is hardly discerned and after it is to small purpose and we see oftentimes that after a double or triple reiteration the blood is still bad and yet were it not safe to goe on still untill the blood appeare better for so sometimes we might exhaust all the blood of the body And this is diligently to be observed of covetous or ignorant surgeons either in the City or the country many being often too ready to exceede the limits of reason as little certainty is there to be found in the changing of the face eyes And in the streame or impetuosity of the fluxe of blood there is yet as litle certainty as in the former the which many waies faile before a ful evacuation howbeit none of these are to be slighted neglected We are then to judge of the competent quantity principally by the ease ensuing and the patients easie enduring of the same Now although sudden alieniation doe not alwaies ensue yet were it better againe and againe to reiterate the same than proceed too farre at first as we have said already although the antients proceeded to an excessive quantity as 6. or 7. pounds at a time and a late Writer relateth strange stories of prodigious and stupendious evacuations in this kind which I had rather beleeve than make triall of the like Our Brittaine bodies I am sure would never endure such vast evacuations But I hold the rule of the learned Celsus far better that it is good to be sparing in the use of those remedies which evacuat strength the preserver and gardian of our lives and in stead of credit purchase often disgrace to the Physitian Now when as wee cannot at once evacuat a due quantity then as said is we come to reiteration And this both in evacuation revulsion and derivation is a very effectuall remedy and the oftner this reiteration be used the more effectuall is the revulsion saith Galen Now in reiteration if necessitie urge us not much and we not so well as yet acquainted with the patients strength it is better to beginne with the lesser quantity but if necessity constraine us and we assured of the patients strength it is better at first to beginne with a greater quantity and more the second time than the third If we are to let blood in any inflammation wee are to reiterate it the same or the next day and out of the arme Reiteration by way of preservation may bee deferred untill the third or fourth day Now before we proceed we must say something of a point whereof some ignorants make a scruple for oftentimes it commeth to passe when the physitian not without great need prescribeth this so lawfull and use full a remedy that some are afraid to venture on it not out of any present feare or faint-heartednesse but for feare say they lest our bodies looke for it againe every yeere To this the answere is easy that if there be the like occasion the yeere after I see not why thou maiest not with as good reason as before yeeld to the use thereof If there be no need I warrant thee from incurring any danger for this omission Some againe use to bleed twice a yeere and feare some great danger if this be neglected and it may be demanded whether this be well done or no blood being the treasure of life and the fountaine and originall of all the spirits I answere I would wish thee to bee well advised how thou partest from such a Jewell yet because some may have more need than others as namely sanguine complexions with large and ample veines living in ease and idlenesse may with good counsell be bolder than others Some doe this meerely out of custome as many of our country people will without any occasion or good counsell bleed in the Spring many covetous country-surgeons and I wish there were none in the City also will sooth them up in this erroneous opinion and bleed them without any necessity at all yea although it prove oftentimes the cause of many after-ensuing dangerous diseases But such as have without any need for a long time inured themselves to so base acustome I advise them by degrees to change this custome into a better and if they be such as have been accustomed to live in ease and idlenesse and to feed liberally I wish them to bee more frequent in their exercises and more sparing in their Diet so shall they both live longer and injoy better health No certaine perpetuall rule can here be prescribed to all bodies yet will it prove alwayes the safest especially in a businesse of so great a weight and moment to establish thy thoughts by good counsell for feare of a too late repentance There is yet another erroneous opinion for want of the knowledge of naturall philosophy and ignorance of anatomy hatched in the braines of some ignorant people to wit that when as they perceive any palpitation by reason of some inclosed aire either in the muscles of the temples jawes or any other place they are of opinion that the life is then in that place and by consequent if the blood should at that same instant be let out of that place that the party would instantly be deprived of life And a learned Germane Physitian relateth that some ignorant Surgeons after the falling of the blood out of the vein into the vessell perceiving it sometimes by reason of some flatuous matter mingled therewith a little to move or tremble made the party presently to drinke up this warme blood affirming that this was the very life whose sottish ignorant and erroneous opinion the same author doth there learnedly confute on the which I cannot now insist having now yet many other things to handle both concerning Phlebotomy and other matters But I hope our people will be wiser and leave many of their foolish idle ignorant and superstitious opinions both concerning Phlebotomy and other points of Physicke As for this flatulent windy matter the letting of it out if there be not therewith too great an abundance of blood will rather doe thee good than hurt and as for the life it is not confined to any particular part but diffused thorow the whole parts of the body although it be more principally or as we may say radicativè in the more noble and principall parts the Braine Heart and Liver according to the seats of the three principall powers or faculties animall vitall and naturall CHAP. VIJ. Of the fittest time for evacuation by Phlebotomy both generall and particular both of election and coaction as also whether wee may safely let blood