Selected quad for the lemma: saint_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
saint_n	lie_v	north_n	south_n	1,718	5	10.2022	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A60281	The hydrostaticks, or, The weight, force, and pressure of fluid bodies, made evident by physical, and sensible experiments together vvith some miscellany observations, the last whereof is a short history of coal, and of all the common, and proper accidents thereof, a subject never treated of before / by G.S.	Sinclair, George, d. 1696.	1672 (1672)	Wing S3854; ESTC R38925	208,492	331

rise_v being_z n_o w_o and_o s_o e_o be_v sometime_o far_o advance_v towards_o the_o saint_n e_o sometime_o far_o back_o towards_o the_o n_o w_o by_o the_o difference_n of_o a_o mile_n and_o this_o general_o occasion_v by_o the_o encounter_n of_o a_o dyke_n or_o gae_n whereof_o hereafter_o the_o same_o question_n that_o occur_v in_o the_o coal_n dip_v towards_o a_o hill_n or_o rise_v above_o ground_n come_v to_o be_v inquire_v into_o here_o viz._n if_o a_o coal_n encounter_v a_o ascent_n or_o brae_n above_o ground_n in_o its_o streek_n rise_v also_o with_o the_o ground_n and_o keep_v its_o ascent_n i_o answer_v i_o have_v find_v it_o so_o in_o all_o the_o coal_n i_o have_v ever_o see_v of_o that_o nature_n god_n in_o his_o providence_n have_v so_o order_v it_o that_o thereby_o it_o may_v be_v the_o more_o useful_a in_o regard_n more_o thereof_o may_v be_v wrought_v by_o one_o level_n or_o aquaduct_n by_o which_o the_o water_n be_v convey_v away_o as_o afterward_o will_v be_v observe_v in_o speak_v to_o level_n for_o confirmation_n whereof_o i_o shall_v bring_v instance_n both_o of_o coal_n that_o decline_v towards_o the_o hill_n and_o of_o other_o that_o decline_v with_o the_o same_o dipp_n the_o hill_n have_v itself_o in_o the_o coal_n of_o b●nhard_n grange_n kinglassy_a and_o kinneil_n which_o keep_v all_o one_o general_a course_n the_o ascent_n above_o ground_n be_v from_o the_o sea_n which_o lie_v north_n towards_o the_o south_n or_o thereabouts_o the_o coal_n dipp_n or_o decline_v towards_o the_o n_o w_o and_o so_o consequent_o rise_v to_o the_o s_o e._n the_o streek_a of_o these_o coal_n be_v from_o the_o n_o e_o to_o saint_n w_n which_o slop_n along_v the_o hill_n and_o come_v up_o to_o the_o top_n thereof_o to_o the_o westward_n of_o the_o house_n of_o b●nhard_n now_o in_o sink_v in_o that_o ground_n if_o a_o equal_a proportion_n be_v keep_v in_o all_o the_o sink_n from_o the_o cropp_n and_o a_o just_a allowance_n give_v for_o the_o different_a rise_n above_o ground_n the_o sink_n will_v be_v near_o of_o a_o equal_a deepness_n along_o all_o the_o streek_a so_o that_o a_o sink_v upon_o the_o same_o coal_n near_o to_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v the_o n_o e_o point_n of_o the_o streek_a at_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o cropp_n will_v be_v as_o deep_a as_o a_o sink_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n be_v the_o saint_n w_n point_n of_o the_o streek_a at_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o the_o cropp_n allow_v always_o the_o different_a rise_n above_o ground_n and_o except_v some_o particular_a trouble_n fall_v in_o upon_o the_o metal_n of_o one_o sink_v and_o not_o of_o another_o and_o so_o make_v they_o dipp_v more_o which_o will_v occasion_v a_o difference_n of_o the_o deepness_n the_o same_o be_v also_o find_v in_o the_o coal_n of_o dysart_n and_o weems_n as_o also_o in_o that_o great_a body_n of_o coal_n before_o mention_v between_o prestongrange_n and_o stobhill_n the_o declination_n whereof_o be_v to_o the_o n_o e_o which_o be_v also_o the_o course_n of_o the_o descent_n above_o ground_n another_o instance_n be_v from_o the_o coal_n within_o the_o lordship_n of_o tranent_n the_o dipp_n whereof_o be_v of_o another_o course_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o hill_n viz._n the_o coal_n dip_v to_o the_o saint_n e_o and_o consequent_o the_o streek_a running_n s_o w_n and_o n_o e_z where_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o be_v see_v in_o the_o other_o anent_o the_o equality_n of_o the_o deepness_n of_o sink_n along_o the_o streek_a with_o the_o same_o allowance_n and_o exception_n before_o mention_v some_o have_v be_v of_o opinion_n that_o streeks_n of_o coal_n lie_v general_o south_n and_o north_n or_o to_o some_o of_o the_o point_n near_o to_o these_o two_o cardinal_n one_o between_o south_n and_o s_o w_n and_o north_n and_o n_o e_o as_o south_n and_o by_o west_n and_o north_n and_o by_o east_n etc._n etc._n to_o which_o general_n i_o can_v agree_v in_o regard_n of_o what_o i_o have_v before_o make_v evident_o appear_v viz._n that_o some_o coal_n have_v their_o cropping_n towards_o all_o the_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n and_o the_o streeks_n be_v regulate_v by_o the_o crop_n they_o must_v necessary_o be_v judge_v to_o have_v their_o course_n proportion_v to_o they_o so_o that_o if_o a_o coal_n dipp_v to_o the_o true_a north_n and_o rise_v to_o the_o south_n the_o streek_n must_v be_v east_n and_o west_n however_o i_o acknowledge_v two_o thing_n for_o confirm_v that_o opinion_n first_o that_o of_o all_o the_o coal_n i_o ever_o have_v see_v where_o these_o contrary_a dipp_n and_o rise_n can_v not_o be_v trace_v and_o make_v visible_a the_o sreek_a have_v incline_v to_o those_o point_n of_o south_n and_o north._n but_o i_o must_v also_o confess_v that_o they_o be_v but_o few_o i_o have_v see_v in_o respect_n of_o what_o i_o have_v not_o see_v and_o so_o if_o any_o other_o experience_n who_o have_v see_v more_o contradict_v i_o i_o shall_v willing_o yield_v and_o not_o be_v tenacious_a next_o in_o these_o coal_n which_o i_o instance_a that_o have_v their_o cropp_n to_o all_o the_o point_n and_o consequent_o their_o streek_n and_o in_o other_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n which_o i_o have_v see_v and_o not_o instance_a i_o find_v that_o part_n of_o the_o streek_a which_o lie_v towards_o these_o cardinal_n point_v to_o be_v the_o great_a be_v double_a or_o triple_a to_o the_o other_o sreeks_n in_o length_n so_o that_o when_o the_o streek_a that_o lie_v either_o along_o the_o one_o cropp_n or_o the_o other_o towards_o the_o saint_n w_n and_o n_o e_z will_v be_v seven_o mile_n in_o length_n that_o lie_a saint_n e_o and_o n_o w_o will_v be_v but_o four_o and_o sometime_o less_o and_o this_o be_v all_o the_o account_n i_o can_v give_v of_o that_o part_n of_o coal_n call_v the_o streek_a the_o second_o thing_n i_o promise_v to_o speak_v of_o be_v of_o some_o thing_n which_o be_v but_o accidental_a to_o coal_n and_o yet_o so_o ordinary_a that_o hardly_o be_v any_o find_v without_o they_o in_o lesser_a or_o great_a degree_n such_o be_v gae_n and_o dykes_n which_o alter_v their_o natural_a course_n and_o they_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o so_o much_o trouble_v in_o the_o work_n of_o coal_n and_o follow_v its_o course_n the_o coal-hewers_a call_v they_o ordinary_o by●that_v name_n trouble_v this_o trouble_v or_o gae_n then_o be_v a_o body_n of_o metal-falling_a in_o upon_o the_o course_n of_o the_o coal_n or_o freestone_n obstruct_v or_o alter_v their_o kindly_a and_o natural_a course_n keep_v no_o regular_a course_n itself_o and_o be_v of_o nature_n always_o different_a from_o the_o metal_n who_o course_n it_o interrupt_v and_o these_o gae_n differ_v also_o among_o themselves_o in_o their_o nature_n and_o in_o their_o course_n they_o keep_v or_o more_o proper_o in_o the_o way_n wherein_o they_o encounter_v other_o metal_n and_o in_o their_o effect_n in_o their_o nature_n for_o some_o of_o they_o consi_v of_o a_o impregnable_a whin-rock_n or_o flinty-stone_n through_o which_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a to_o work_v and_o if_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n to_o cut_v they_o through_o it_o be_v do_v at_o a_o vast_a expense_n and_o take_v a_o long_a time_n and_o must_v be_v cut_v open_a to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o i_o it_o under_o ground_n some_o of_o they_o be_v again_o of_o stone_n like_o a_o freestone_n but_o seem_v rather_o a_o abortive_a of_o nature_n they_o have_v no_o rule_n in_o their_o course_n by_o which_o a_o man_n can_v follow_v they_o nor_o can_v their_o stone_n be_v useful_a in_o their_o encounter_v of_o coal_n or_o freestone_n sometime_o they_o encounter_v they_o in_o the_o dip_v and_o sometime_o in_o the_o streek_a and_o sometime_o between_o the_o two_o these_o that_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o follow_v the_o dipp_n of_o the_o coal_n lie_v along_o the_o streek_a thereof_o for_o example_n if_o the_o coal_n dipp_n saint_n e_o the_o gay_a lie_n n_o e_z and_o s_o w._n these_o that_o be_v encounter_v in_o the_o streek_a lie_v to_o the_o dipp_n and_o rise_v so_o the_o coal_n streek_v n_o e_o and_o s_o w_n the_o gay_a be_v find_v to_o lie_v s_o e_o and_o n_o w._n other_o of_o they_o lie_v between_o streek_a and_o dipp_n that_o be_v to_o some_o point_n between_o the_o two_o as_o the_o streek_a being_n s_o w_n and_o n_o e_z and_o the_o dipp_n and_o rise_v s_o e_o and_o n_o w_o there_o may_v be_v a_o gay_a find_v lie_v w_n s_o w_n and_o e_z n_o e._n now_o when_o i_o speak_v of_o a_o gae_n lie_v to_o such_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n this_o do_v not_o contradict_v what_o be_v say_v before_o that_o they_o have_v no_o regular_a course_n

24_o proposition_n of_o his_o first_o book_n and_o be_v demonstrat_fw-la by_o proclus_n in_o the_o scholium_fw-la to_o the_o 4_o the_o proposition_n of_o the_o same_o book_n by_o this_o be_v make_v to_o appear_v the_o profitableness_n of_o a_o flat-coal_n beyond_o a_o hinging-coal_n which_o be_v touch_v before_o in_o regard_n that_o have_v the_o sink_n of_o equal_a deepness_n in_o both_o there_o be_v much_o more_o of_o the_o flater-coal_n to_o be_v wrought_v before_o it_o cropp_n out_o then_o of_o the_o hing_n as_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o line_n d_o f_o in_o the_o first_o and_o second_o figure_n or_o between_o the_o line_n i_o f_o in_o the_o same_o if_o it_o be_v inquire_v if_o in_o rise_a ground_n where_o there_o be_v a_o considerable_a ascent_n above_o ground_n the_o coal_n keep_v a_o proportion_n in_o its_o rise_n and_o dip_v with_o the_o ascent_n and_o descent_n of_o the_o ground_n above_o i_o answer_v there_o be_v no_o certain_a and_o constant_a proportion_n keep_v whatever_o sometime_o may_v happen_v for_o i_o have_v observe_v some_o coal_n upon_o ground_n of_o a_o considerable_a ascent_n and_o their_o dipp_n run_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o other_o have_v have_v a_o quite_o contrary_a course_n to_o that_o and_o have_v decline_v or_o dip_v with_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o ground_n above_o but_o in_o the_o streek_a whereof_o i_o shall_v speak_v a_o little_a hereafter_o there_o be_v more_o proportion_n ordinary_o to_o be_v remark_v there_o remain_v only_o one_o question_n about_o the_o dipp_n and_o rise_n of_o coal_n which_o i_o shall_v a_o little_a consider_v have_v encounter_v different_a judgement_n anent_o it_o in_o converse_v with_o person_n who_o have_v experience_n in_o coal_n viz._n whether_o coal_n and_o other_o metal_n after_o they_o have_v decline_v such_o a_o length_n from_o their_o cropp_n suppose_v from_o west_n to_o east_n take_v another_o course_n and_o rise_v to_o the_o same_o point_n to_o which_o former_o they_o dip_v figure_n 7._o as_o if_o the_o coal_n dip_v from_o a_o which_o be_v the_o cropp_n to_o b_o which_o shall_v be_v the_o centre_n of_o that_o body_n and_o after_o that_o rise_n to_o c_o or_o if_o it_o shall_v continue_v its_o declination_n through_o b_o to_z d_o which_o be_v antipode_n to_o we_o i_o shall_v not_o offer_v to_o determine_v in_o a_o matter_n wherein_o there_o can_v be_v so_o little_a certainty_n attain_v but_o shall_v give_v my_o opinion_n which_o be_v found_v upon_o the_o experience_n i_o have_v have_v and_o observation_n i_o have_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v on_o that_o head_n and_o first_o i_o find_v in_o all_o these_o coal_n wherein_o no_o contrary_a cropp_n or_o rising_n can_v be_v visible_a there_o be_v invincible_a obstruction_n as_o either_o they_o have_v be_v near_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v dip_v that_o way_n and_o so_o if_o they_o take_v any_o contrary_a course_n the_o crop_v behove_v to_o be_v in_o the_o deep_n and_o so_o no_o access_n to_o trace_v they_o or_o next_o they_o have_v dip_v towards_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o mountain_n and_o so_o the_o ground_n above_o rise_v the_o same_o way_n which_o they_o decline_v their_o course_n can_v not_o be_v pursue_v till_o a_o contrary_a rise_n shall_v be_v discern_v or_o three_o they_o have_v encounter_v some_o gay_a or_o dyke_n which_o have_v cut_v they_o off_o before_o they_o come_v to_o their_o full_a dipp_n and_o thus_o their_o course_n be_v obstruct_v now_o those_o that_o have_v be_v acquaint_v with_o no_o other_o coal_n but_o such_o i_o think_v it_o not_o strange_a if_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o persuade_v they_o of_o those_o thing_n they_o have_v not_o see_v but_o beside_o all_o those_o kind_n i_o have_v see_v other_o who_o contrary_a rise_n and_o dip_v have_v either_o be_v visible_a to_o the_o eye_n or_o demonstrable_a by_o reason_n for_o example_n i_o have_v enter_v under_o ground_n as_o it_o be_v at_o the_o point_n c_o at_o the_o very_a grass-cropp_n and_o have_v go_v follow_v the_o dipp_n of_o that_o coal_n to_o the_o point_n b_o at_o which_o the_o course_n have_v alter_v and_o carry_v i_o out_o at_o the_o grass_n at_o a_o which_o be_v two_o contrary_a point_n of_o the_o compass_n and_o that_o alteration_n of_o course_n be_v not_o occasion_v by_o any_o gay_a or_o trouble_v which_o sometime_o have_v that_o effect_n the_o ground_n be_v very_o clean_o and_o good_a metal_n keep_v their_o course_n most_o regular_o there_o be_v other_o instance_n for_o confirm_v my_o experience_n in_o field_n which_o be_v so_o large_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o work_v the_o coal_n so_o far_o to_o the_o dipp_n it_o fall_v deep_a and_o so_o want_v level_n for_o convey_v water_n from_o it_o or_o want_v air_n for_o follow_v it_o to_o such_o a_o deepness_n as_o to_o overtake_v its_o centre_n where_o it_o take_v a_o contrary_a course_n and_o yet_o the_o contrary_a cropp_n have_v be_v wrought_v in_o several_a place_n which_o be_v evident_a to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o same_o body_n with_o the_o other_o both_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o coal_n itself_o by_o the_o metal_n lie_v above_o it_o and_o the_o coal_n below_o it_o all_o which_o keep_v the_o same_o course_n except_o when_o they_o encounter_v trouble_n which_o be_v incident_a to_o some_o parcel_n of_o ground_n more_o than_o to_o other_o the_o great_a field_n i_o know_v wherein_o this_o be_v conspicuous_a be_v in_o mid-lothian_a where_o be_v to_o be_v find_v the_o crop_n of_o a_o coal_n of_o a_o considerable_a thickness_n which_o be_v term_v their_o great-seam_n or_o main-coal_n and_o the_o other_o coal_n lie_v below_o it_o which_o may_v be_v trace_v in_o the_o order_n follow_v at_o prestongrange_n these_o coal_n be_v find_v dip_v to_o the_o n_o w_o and_o rise_v to_o the_o saint_n e_o which_o have_v be_v wrought_v up_o to_o wallifoo●d_v from_o that_o along_o by_o the_o foot_n of_o fa●side_n hill_n the_o dipp_n lie_v in_o the_o land_n of_o inneresk_n which_o march_v therewith_o on_o the_o north._n from_o thence_o it_o run_v through_o the_o ground_n of_o carberry_n every_o one_o of_o these_o ground_n from_o prestongrange_n give_v level_n to_o another_o from_o thence_o through_o a_o part_n of_o the_o land_n of_o smeaton_n and_o next_o through_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n belong_v to_o the_o family_n of_o buccleugh_n call_v coudon_n and_o through_o west-house_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o lothian_n and_o at_o cockpen_n and_o stobhill_n from_o thence_o run_v through_o to_o carington-mill_n all_o which_o be_v a_o course_n which_o in_o streek_n lie_v near_o to_o s_o w_n and_o n_o w_o and_o will_v be_v in_o length_n about_o eight_o mile_n from_o thence_o the_o course_n of_o the_o coal_n turn_v and_o be_v find_v in_o the_o barony_n of_o carington_n white-hill_n ramsay_n gilmerton_n and_o from_o thence_o take_v its_o dipp_n quite_o contrary_a to_o what_o it_o have_v before_o the_o other_o dip_v n_o and_o n_o w_n or_o n_o e_z according_a to_o the_o turn_n of_o the_o streek_a it_o dipp_v there_o s_o s_o e_o etc._n etc._n and_o from_o gilmerton_n it_o be_v find_v at_o burntstone_n a_o piece_n of_o ground_n belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o lauderdale_n and_o from_o thence_o at_o the_o magdalen_n pan_n where_o the_o turn_n of_o the_o crop_n be_v within_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o see_v till_o it_o be_v find_v at_o prestongrange_n where_o we_o begin_v to_o remark_n its_o course_n the_o parcel_n of_o ground_n under_o which_o this_o great_a body_n of_o coal_n lie_v be_v of_o a_o considerable_a extent_n it_o be_v eight_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o five_o or_o six_o in_o breadth_n in_o regard_n whereof_o many_o other_o coal_n be_v find_v lie_v above_o the_o great_a coal_n the_o crop_n whereof_o do_v not_o come_v near_o the_o cropp_n of_o it_o by_o a_o considerable_a distance_n though_o this_o instance_n alone_o may_v sufficient_o convince_v yet_o i_o shall_v not_o be_v unwilling_a to_o give_v another_o the_o parcel_n of_o ground_n in_o which_o this_o coal_n be_v find_v be_v not_o of_o so_o great_a a_o extent_n as_o the_o other_o and_o therefore_o its_o course_n may_v be_v the_o more_o easy_o trace_v for_o the_o great_a part_n it_o belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o winton_n and_o lie_v within_o the_o lordship_n of_o tranent_n who_o contrary_a crop_n be_v most_o conspicuous_a this_o great_a coal_n which_o be_v 10_o or_o 12_o foot_n thick_a beginning_n at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o toun_n of_o tranent_n where_o it_o have_v be_v wrought_v run_v saint_n w_n towards_o the_o march_n of_o the_o land_n of_o elphingston_n belong_v to_o the_o lord_n register_n and_o continue_v in_o that_o same_o course_n till_o it_o come_v near_o to_o the_o house_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n dip_v to_o the_o s_o e._n

and_o near_o the_o house_n the_o cropp_n be_v turn_v downward_o towards_o the_o march_n between_o elphingston_n and_o ormiston_n where_o the_o dipp_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o former_a and_o from_o elphingston-mains_a it_o take_v its_o course_n almost_o round_o through_o the_o land_n of_o panston_n and_o return_n to_o the_o toun_n of_o tranent_n where_o it_o begin_v which_o body_n of_o coal_n will_v be_v in_o length_n two_o mile_n and_o in_o some_o place_n as_o much_o in_o breadth_n now_o i_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o any_o person_n if_o there_o be_v not_o more_o reason_n to_o persuade_v that_o this_o shall_v be_v the_o natural_a course_n of_o these_o mineral_n where_o such_o pregnable_a instance_n to_o evince_v it_o be_v find_v then_o to_o conclude_v the_o contrary_a from_o these_o coal_n the_o course_n whereof_o can_v be_v follow_v because_o of_o the_o invincible_a impediment_n i_o mention_v before_o however_o i_o leave_v every_o one_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o his_o own_o opinion_n and_o shall_v be_v satisfy_v to_o enjoy_v my_o own_o till_o these_o of_o more_o experience_n convince_v i_o of_o the_o contrary_n there_o be_v some_o other_o thing_n far_a to_o be_v remark_v about_o the_o dipp_n and_o rise_v of_o coal_n which_o possible_o every_o one_o have_v not_o see_v they_o be_v so_o very_o rare_a and_o therefore_o be_v not_o fit_a here_o to_o be_v pass_v without_o be_v consider_v one_o be_v of_o a_o coal_n which_o have_v that_o contrary_a dipp_n and_o rise_v whereof_o i_o have_v be_v speak_v in_o one_o of_o the_o crop_n have_v not_o come_v out_o to_o the_o grass_n and_o terminat_fw-la but_o after_o it_o have_v rise_v a_o considerable_a way_n in_o its_o contrary_a course_n in_o stead_n of_o crop_v out_o have_v take_v a_o dipp_n towards_o the_o same_o point_n to_o which_o it_o dip_v first_o and_o so_o have_v dip_v to_o the_o centre_n of_o its_o course_n it_o have_v rise_v again_o and_o crop_v to_o the_o contrary_a point_n as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o this_o eight_o figure_n figure_n 8._o where_o a_o b_o be_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o point_n b_o be_v the_o cropp_n of_o a_o coal_n dip_v from_o n_o w_n to_o the_o s_o e._n from_o c_z it_o take_v its_o rise_n and_o course_n to_o a_o contrary_a cropp_n towards_o the_o point_n f_o where_o the_o dead_a cropp_n ought_v to_o be_v find_v but_o in_o stead_n of_o go_v that_o length_n it_o take_v another_o course_n from_o the_o point_n e_o dip_v saint_n e_o towards_z d_o from_o which_o it_o take_v its_o rise_n and_o continue_v it_o to_o the_o point_n a_o where_o it_o terminat_n and_o where_o the_o dead_a cropp_n be_v find_v i_o grant_v that_o it_o meet_v with_o a_o trouble_n or_o gay_a at_o the_o point_n e_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o its_o natural_a course_n be_v change_v but_o it_o be_v very_o extraordinary_a to_o see_v such_o a_o effect_n but_o of_o this_o afterward_o in_o its_o own_o place_n there_o be_v yet_o another_o thing_n to_o be_v remark_v in_o the_o dipp_n and_o rise_n of_o coal_n which_o be_v this_o in_o the_o most_o part_n of_o coal_n that_o have_v their_o course_n from_o dipp_n to_o crop_n without_o the_o intervention_n of_o a_o dyke_n or_o gay_n the_o declination_n be_v straight_o down_o from_o the_o horizontal_a line_n draw_v from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o crop_n to_o the_o far_a point_n of_o the_o dipp_n that_o be_v the_o coal_n decline_v from_o that_o point_n in_o a_o right_a line_n make_v with_o the_o horizontal_a line_n a_o right_n line_v angle_n angulus_fw-la rectilineus_fw-la though_o in_o some_o the_o angle_n be_v more_o acute_a and_o in_o other_o less_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o first_o and_o second_o figure_n where_o a_o b_o be_v the_o horizontal_a line_n and_o b_o the_o crop_n b_o c_o be_v the_o body_n of_o the_o coal_n decline_v which_o meet_v with_o a_o b_o in_o the_o point_n b_o constitute_v a_o right_o line_v angle_n and_o where_o a_o b_o c_o in_o the_o second_o figure_n be_v a_o great_a angle_n than_o a_o b_o c_o in_o the_o first_o yet_o i_o have_v see_v a_o coal_n the_o body_n whereof_o from_o the_o dipp_n or_o far_a point_n of_o declination_n have_v its_o rise_n towards_o the_o crop_n very_o insensible_o it_o be_v flat_a and_o then_o begin_v to_o be_v more_o sensible_a till_o at_o last_o come_v near_o to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o take_v in_o a_o sudden_a such_o a_o rise_n that_o from_o decline_v one_o foot_n of_o 12_o or_o 14_o it_o decline_v now_o one_o foot_n of_o three_o as_o may_v be_v make_v evident_a from_o this_o follow_a figure_n figure_n 9_o where_o a_o b_o be_v the_o line_n draw_v from_o the_o extreme_a point_n of_o the_o cropp_n right_a horizontal_a the_o body_n of_o the_o coal_n rise_v insensible_o be_v d_o c._n but_o assoon_o as_o it_o come_v to_o c_o it_o rise_v with_o a_o great_a ascent_n till_o it_o cropp_n out_o at_o a._n here_o you_o see_v that_o in_o stead_n of_o one_o side_n of_o a_o triangle_n which_o the_o course_n of_o other_o coal_n in_o their_o rise_n or_o in_o their_o declination_n make_v this_o coal_n in_o rise_v make_v two_o side_n namely_o d_o c_z and_o c_z a_o the_o figure_n d_o b_o c_o a_o be_v quadrilateral_a the_o coal_n of_o this_o course_n be_v real_o wrought_v and_o be_v yet_o visible_a in_o its_o waste_n where_o there_o be_v find_v no_o gay_a or_o dyke_n to_o make_v this_o alteration_n these_o be_v the_o chief_a thing_n that_o i_o have_v think_v worthy_a of_o observation_n in_o the_o dipp_n and_o rise_n of_o coal_n and_o therefore_o i_o come_v now_o to_o touch_v a_o little_a the_o other_o part_n of_o their_o course_n which_o be_v common_o term_v the_o streek_a of_o a_o coal_n to_o make_v intelligible_a to_o those_o who_o be_v not_o experimental_o acquaint_v with_o coal_n this_o term_n or_o what_o the_o streek_a be_v we_o must_v lay_v this_o foundation_n that_o the_o coal_n be_v a_o physical_a body_n and_o so_o have_v its_o three_o principal_a dimension_n which_o do_v constitute_v it_o so_o viz_o longitude_n latitude_n and_o profundity_n '_o its_o latitude_n be_v that_o part_n contain_v between_o its_o extreme_a line_n which_o be_v measurable_a by_o its_o surface_n to_o which_o its_o dip_v and_o rise_v though_o always_o incident_a yet_o be_v but_o accidental_a it_o be_v profundity_n be_v to_o be_v measure_v by_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o two_o surface_n immediate_o next_o to_o it_o above_z and_o below_o which_o be_v term_v in_o coallery_n its_o roof_n and_o pavement_n because_o of_o the_o resemblance_n they_o have_v to_o the_o roof_n and_o pavement_n of_o a_o house_n the_o longitude_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o what_o be_v term_v by_o the_o coal-hewers_a the_o streek_a for_o if_o you_o imagine_v a_o line_n draw_v along_o the_o extreme_a point_n of_o the_o rise_v or_o cropp_n of_o the_o coal_n that_o be_v proper_o the_o streek_a of_o the_o coal_n there_o be_v but_o few_o thing_n to_o be_v remark_v as_o to_o this_o part_n of_o coal_n only_a first_o to_o find_v how_o it_o lie_v to_o what_o point_v of_o the_o compass_n it_o move_v for_o know_v whereof_o there_o be_v this_o general_a rule_n that_o have_v find_v your_o dipp_n and_o rise_v to_o what_o ever_o point_v that_o course_n be_v direct_v the_o streek_a be_v to_o the_o quite_o contrary_a for_o suppose_v a_o coal_n dipp_n saint_n e_o the_o two_o point_n that_o respect_v the_o dipp_n and_o rise_v must_v be_v s_o e_o and_o n_o w_o be_v the_o point_v opposite_a one_o to_o another_o then_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o the_o streek_n must_v run_v s_o w_n and_o n_o e_z which_o two_o course_n divide_v the_o compass_n at_o right_a angle_n and_o therefore_o where_o a_o coal_n be_v find_v to_o have_v contrary_a dipp_n and_o rise_n they_o decline_v sometime_o to_o all_o the_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n whereof_o there_o have_v be_v give_v two_o notable_a instance_n before_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o there_o be_v also_o contrary_a streeks_n and_o so_o the_o streek_a of_o a_o body_n of_o coal_n be_v sometime_o find_v to_o describe_v a_o round_a figure_n though_o not_o perfect_o circular_a and_o sometime_o a_o multangular_a figure_n for_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v that_o the_o streek_a make_v always_o a_o right_a line_n between_o the_o two_o point_n from_o which_o it_o be_v reckon_v for_o example_n between_o the_o laird_n of_o prestongrange_n his_o house_n at_o preston-pan_n and_o the_o stobhill_n there_o be_v the_o streeks_n of_o several_a coal_n lie_v one_o above_o another_o which_o will_v be_v of_o length_n about_o seven_o or_o eight_o mile_n lie_v near_o upon_o saint_n w_n and_o n_o e_z yet_o the_o crop_n of_o the_o say_a coal_n their_o dipp_n and_o

a_o coal_n have_v be_v cut_v off_o by_o a_o gay_a haply_o there_o be_v another_o coal_n under_o it_o 12_o fathom_n after_o the_o gay_a have_v be_v pierce_v and_o the_o lose_a coal_n not_o come_v near_o to_o it_o in_o the_o other_o side_n that_o have_v be_v find_v there_o by_o which_o it_o be_v certain_o conclude_v that_o the_o uppermost_a coal_n behove_v to_o be_v there_o also_o though_o a_o little_a back_n conform_v to_o its_o course_n but_o if_o the_o metal_n or_o coal_n under_o the_o lose_a coal_n have_v not_o be_v know_v than_o you_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o dipp_n and_o rise_v of_o these_o metal_n you_o find_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o gay_a which_o you_o have_v pierce_v and_o make_v that_o your_o rule_n range_v back_o over_o the_o metal_n conform_v to_o the_o direction_n to_o be_v give_v afterward_o and_o you_o shall_v find_v the_o cropp_n of_o the_o coal_n you_o want_v and_o after_o which_o you_o be_v inquire_v where_o the_o coal_n be_v not_o quite_o cut_v off_o by_o the_o gay_a but_o have_v its_o course_n only_o alter_v you_o be_v to_o consider_v in_o search_v for_o it_o before_o you_o pierce_v your_o gay_a that_o which_o the_o coal-hewers_a term_n the_o vise_n or_o some_o of_o they_o the_o weyse_fw-mi of_o the_o gay_a which_o in_o effect_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o dark_a vestige_n of_o the_o dipp_n or_o rise_v that_o the_o body_n which_o now_o constitute_v the_o gay_a shall_v have_v have_v natural_o if_o it_o have_v be_v perfect_v which_o when_o it_o tend_v downward_o then_o must_v the_o gay_a be_v put_v over_o that_o way_n and_o in_o the_o other_o side_n shall_v the_o coal_n be_v find_v and_o down_o as_o they_o term_v it_o that_o be_v the_o dipp_n which_o it_o have_v natural_o augment_v and_o if_o the_o vise_n be_v up_o the_o same_o way_n must_v be_v take_v for_o pierce_v the_o gay_a and_o the_o coal_n will_v be_v find_v up_o that_o be_v its_z rise_v augment_v but_o these_o thing_n can_v be_v make_v so_o intelligible_a as_o by_o see_v there_o be_v many_o thing_n in_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o course_n of_o metal_n very_o curious_a and_o worthy_a of_o observation_n as_o when_o a_o coal_n be_v cast_v down_o out_o of_o its_o natural_a course_n by_o a_o gay_a and_o so_o make_v sometime_o under-level_a it_o rise_v as_o much_o to_o another_o hand_n and_o the_o crop_n go_v so_o much_o far_a out_o which_o still_o make_v the_o level_n useful_a the_o use_n whereof_o will_v have_v be_v judge_v lose_v by_o the_o down-casting_a sometime_o a_o coal_n make_v to_o have_v four_o contrary_a course_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o eight_o figure_n where_o there_o be_v a_o gay_a at_o e_z make_v it_o take_v such_o another_o course_n in_o stead_n of_o come_v out_o to_o the_o grass_n sometime_o before_o the_o metal_n overtake_v the_o gay_a they_o be_v make_v to_o lie_v like_o a_o bow_n one_o instance_n whereof_o be_v visible_a above_o ground_n in_o some_o metal_n lie_v between_o bruntiland_n and_o kinghorn_n at_o a_o place_n call_v the_o miln-stone_n where_o there_o be_v a_o small_a coal_n with_o freestone_n above_o it_o all_o dip_v to_o the_o saint_n e_o and_o rise_v to_o the_o n_o w._n upon_o the_o rise_v they_o meet_v with_o a_o gay_n which_o be_v a_o great_a whin-rock_n in_o their_o course_n to_o the_o grass_n before_o they_o touch_v the_o say_a rock_n they_o take_v a_o contrary_a course_n and_o dipp_n into_o it_o and_o be_v there_o quite_o cut_v off_o the_o manner_n whereof_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o this_o ten_o figure_n follow_v figure_n 10._o where_o a_o b_o be_v the_o rock_n e_o f_o the_o coal_n c_o d_o the_o freestone_n now_o whereas_o they_o shall_v have_v rise_v towards_o a_o they_o turn_v at_o d_o and_o dipp_n into_o the_o rock_n which_o any_o may_v observe_v in_o pass_v that_o way_n many_o other_o such_o motion_n be_v observable_a which_o i_o pass_v and_o leave_v they_o to_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o curious_a the_o three_o thing_n i_o promise_v to_o speak_v of_o be_v of_o damp_n and_o as_o they_o be_v term_v by_o the_o coal-hewers_a ill_a air._n these_o do_v deserve_v a_o more_o accurate_a inquiry_n into_o their_o kind_n their_o cause_n and_o effect_n then_o i_o be_o capable_a to_o make_v there_o be_v many_o thing_n in_o they_o very_o considerable_a and_o worthy_a of_o a_o narrow_a search_n therefore_o follow_v the_o course_n i_o have_v hitherto_o observe_v i_o shall_v show_v my_o own_o observation_n thereof_o and_o leave_v the_o more_o curious_a search_n to_o the_o spirit_n fit_v for_o that_o purpose_n this_o damp_n than_o make_v a_o obstruction_n of_o respiration_n in_o man_n or_o other_o live_a creature_n in_o subterraneous_a space_n as_o cave_n coal-room_n level_n sink_n and_o such_o like_a which_o obstruction_n proceed_v principal_o from_o two_o cause_n both_o which_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o ill_a air_n among_o the_o vulgar_a the_o first_o be_v the_o corruption_n or_o putrefaction_n of_o the_o air_n whereof_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n one_o be_v in_o place_n where_o have_v be_v fire_n kindle_v which_o burn_v the_o coal_n under_o ground_n the_o smoke_n whereof_o be_v full_a of_o sulphur_n and_o other_o bituminous_a matter_n and_o not_o have_v free_a passage_n to_o come_v above_o ground_n fill_v all_o the_o waste_a room_n under_o ground_n and_o infect_v the_o air_n so_o that_o the_o smell_n of_o it_o even_o at_o a_o distance_n be_v intolerable_a and_o among_o it_o no_o live_a creature_n be_v able_a to_o breath_n of_o this_o there_o be_v example_n in_o dysert_n in_o fife_n and_o fauside_o in_o east●lothian_n this_o be_v kindle_v on_o design_n by_o a_o fellow_n who_o for_o his_o pain_n be_v hang_v in_o the_o place_n and_o have_v burn_v these_o 50_o year_n and_o more_o the_o fire_n whereof_o be_v sometime_o see_v near_o the_o grass_n with_o abundance_n of_o smoke_n as_o it_o run_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o the_o second_o where_o the_o air_n be_v corrupt_v without_o the_o mixture_n of_o smoke_n or_o any_o other_o gross_a corrupt_a body_n which_o be_v the_o most_o considerable_a of_o all_o damp_n and_o have_v the_o strange_a effect_n in_o kill_a animal_n in_o a_o instant_n and_o so_o have_v be_v always_o most_o prejudicial_a in_o the_o work_n where_o it_o be_v find_v many_o person_n have_v thereby_o lose_v their_o life_n without_o access_n to_o cry_v but_o once_o god_n mercy_n to_o some_o instance_n whereof_o i_o have_v be_v witness_n i_o shall_v not_o offer_v to_o determine_v about_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o damp_n but_o shall_v give_v a_o account_n of_o something_n i_o have_v observe_v about_o it_o which_o when_o due_o ponder_v may_v haply_o lay_v a_o foundation_n at_o least_o of_o a_o probable_a conjecture_n whence_o it_o may_v proceed_v this_o kind_n of_o damp_n then_o and_o ill_a air_n be_v never_o find_v in_o coal_n or_o other_o metal_n where_o there_o be_v water_n to_o be_v find_v i_o mean_v whence_o the_o water_n have_v not_o be_v draw_v away_o by_o a_o level_n or_o aquaduct_a as_o in_o coal_n where_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n to_o lave_v the_o water_n from_o place_n to_o place_n or_o to_o pump_v it_o along_o the_o ascent_n or_o rise_v of_o the_o coal_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sink_v from_o which_o it_o be_v draw_v out_o above_o ground_n this_o ill_a ●ir_n be_v not_o ●ound_v nor_o be_v find_v frequent_o if_o at_o all_o in_o these_o coal_n where_o the_o water_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o coal_n by_o a_o level_n or_o aquaduct_a under_o ground_n till_o it_o come_v of_o its_o own_o accord_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o sink_v which_o be_v in_o place_n of_o a_o cistern_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v force_v also_o above_o ground_n and_o differ_v only_o from_o the_o other_o that_o the_o water_n run_v here_o of_o its_o own_o accord_n by_o a_o descent_n to_o the_o sink_v which_o be_v term_v a_o draw_v sink_v in_o the_o other_o it_o must_v be_v force_v by_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o coal_n because_o haply_o a_o sink_v upon_o the_o dipp_n will_v be_v of_o such_o a_o deepness_n that_o no_o force_n can_v draw_v it_o up_o in_o a_o perpendicular_a but_o this_o kind_n of_o damp_n be_v find_v ordinary_o in_o these_o coal_n from_o which_o the_o water_n be_v draw_v by_o a_o level_n the_o beginning_n or_o mouth_n whereof_o be_v above_o ground_n and_o carry_v along_o by_o a_o right_a line_n under_o ground_n till_o it_o overtake_v the_o coal_n which_o it_o be_v to_o dry_v so_o that_o the_o water_n which_o come_v from_o the_o coal_n run_v without_o be_v force_v and_o be_v sometime_o so_o considerable_a that_o it_o make_v mill_n go_v without_o any_o other_o addition_n as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o earl_n of_o wintons_n land_n of_o seton_n

without_o sudden_a death_n yet_o they_o continue_v there_o and_o be_v not_o find_v to_o diminish_v even_o where_o they_o have_v no_o access_n to_o escape_v by_o come_v above_o ground_n or_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v imagine_v they_o remove_v to_o some_o other_o place_n of_o the_o ground_n where_o the_o damp_n be_v not_o how_o be_v it_o they_o be_v not_o as_o quick_o choke_v with_o it_o as_o dog_n be_v and_o other_o animal_n which_o at_o the_o first_o encounter_n be_v kill_v if_o it_o be_v inquire_v how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o in_o these_o field_n of_o coal_n which_o be_v dry_v full_o as_o be_v say_v and_o to_o which_o these_o damp_n be_v incident_a because_o of_o corrupt_a air_n that_o remain_v within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o coal_n or_o other_o metal_n how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v i_o say_v that_o they_o be_v but_o sometime_o incident_a and_o be_v not_o always_o find_v for_o clear_v this_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o even_o in_o the_o ground_n where_o these_o damp_n be_v most_o frequent_a for_o the_o reason_n abovementioned_a yet_o they_o be_v only_o powerful_a when_o the_o wind_n blow_v from_o such_o a_o certain_a point_n as_o some_o chimney_n that_o do_v only_a smoke_n when_o the_o wind_n be_v in_o such_o a_o airth_n this_o be_v so_o general_o and_o well_o know_v that_o the_o workman_n observe_v it_o and_o when_o they_o find_v the_o wind_n in_o such_o a_o point_n whence_o they_o fear_v the_o damp_n they_o will_v not_o enter_v under_o ground_n till_o trial_n be_v make_v of_o the_o air_n which_o they_o do_v in_o sink_n by_o first_o let_v down_o a_o light_a candle_n or_o some_o burn_a coal_n which_o if_o they_o do_v not_o burn_v than_o there_o be_v no_o access_n to_o enter_v second_o the_o wind_n in_o which_o this_o ill_a air_n be_v most_o noxious_a and_o hurtful_a blow_v from_o that_o point_n where_o the_o field_n of_o coal_n lie_v that_o be_v not_o yet_o wrought_v which_o seem_v somewhat_o strange_a and_o yet_o when_o due_o consider_v it_o will_v appear_v abundant_o consonant_a to_o reason_n a_o example_n of_o this_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o coal_n of_o tranent_n and_o elphingston_n the_o streek_a whereof_o go_v to_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o hill_n above_o ground_n from_o n_o e_z to_o saint_n w_n as_o have_v be_v former_o observe_v so_o that_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o level_n be_v at_o the_o n_o e_o point_n of_o the_o streek_a from_o which_o the_o coal_n have_v be_v wrought_v up_o along_o the_o streek_a towards_o the_o saint_n w_n the_o waste_v lie_v all_o towards_o the_o n_o e._n yet_o when_o the_o wind_n blow_v from_o n_o e_o or_o n_o or_o almost_o from_o any_o other_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n they_o be_v not_o trouble_v with_o this_o damp._n but_o if_o it_o blow_v from_o saint_n w_n and_o blow_v hard_a they_o be_v in_o hazard_n to_o encounter_v it_o and_o though_o the_o damp_n be_v not_o always_o find_v when_o that_o wind_n blow_v whereof_o there_o may_v be_v some_o particular_a cause_n yet_o it_o be_v never_o observe_v in_o another_o wind_n whether_o it_o blow_v less_o or_o mo●e_n the_o reason_n whereof_o may_v probable_o be_v that_o the_o wind_n blow_v from_o other_o point_n as_o from_o n_o or_o n_o e_z have_v more_o access_n to_o enter_v the_o waste_v under_o ground_n and_o move_v the_o air_n that_o be_v in_o they_o towards_o the_o face_n of_o the_o unwrought_a coal_n whence_o be_v suppose_v to_o proceed_v the_o corrupt_a air_n that_o lurk_v in_o the_o rift_n and_o cutter_n thereof_o from_o which_o the_o water_n be_v draw_v away_o and_o occasion_n the_o damp_n now_o this_o air_n be_v move_v by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o wind_n keep_v the_o corrupt_a air_n from_o come_v out_o it_o be_v strong_a than_o the_o other_o whereas_o upon_o the_o contrary_a while_o the_o wind_n blow_v from_o saint_n w_n it_o enter_v the_o empty_a room_n drive_v the_o air_n under_o ground_n from_o the_o face_n of_o the_o unwrought_a coal_n down_o towards_o the_o old_a waste_n which_o have_v their_o course_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o level_n by_o which_o mean_n the_o air_n that_o be_v corrupt_v within_o the_o bowel_n to_o speak_v so_o of_o the_o coal_n come_v out_o to_o the_o waste_v without_o resistance_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o fluid_a body_n as_o water_n and_o air_n incline_v to_o move_v towards_o that_o place_n where_o they_o meet_v with_o the_o least_o resistance_n hence_o be_v it_o that_o the_o more_o direct_v the_o wind_n be_v in_o blow_v against_o the_o ●ace_n of_o the_o unwrought_a coal_n as_o be_v the_o wind_n from_o n_o e_o the_o ill_a air_n be_v the_o more_o repel_v and_o drive_v back_o but_o the_o more_o oblique_a it_o be_v as_o be_v the_o wind_n from_o these_o point_n that_o be_v near_a to_o s_o w_n the_o air_n be_v not_o so_o good_a and_o free_a which_o difference_n be_v know_v by_o the_o burn_a of_o candle_n they_o burn_v with_o great_a difficulty_n in_o these_o wind_n than_o in_o other_o which_o blow_n from_o these_o point_n near_o to_o n_o and_o n_o e._n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n this_o ill_a air_n in_o those_o place_n we_o have_v be_v speak_v of_o come_v from_o the_o great_a waste_v that_o lie_v above_o the_o un-wrought_a coal_n and_o by_o strong_a saint_n w_n wind_n be_v drive_v through_o the_o cutter_n thereof_o or_o the_o wind_n blow_v from_o that_o point_n and_o come_v through_o these_o cutter_n bring_v the_o corrupt_a air_n along_v with_o it_o even_o as_o after_o a_o shower_n of_o rain_n a_o spait_n of_o water_n come_v and_o carry_v along_v with_o it_o both_o the_o foul_a water_n and_o the_o clean_a it_o meet_v with_o though_o this_o may_v be_v probable_a which_o seem_v to_o be_v your_o own_o opinion_n yet_o the_o other_o seem_v to_o be_v more_o probable_a the_o other_o sort_n of_o damp_n be_v that_o which_o they_o call_v want_v of_o air_n and_o though_o the_o term_n be_v not_o altogether_o proper_a there_o be_v no_o space_n without_o some_o air_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o want_n of_o air_n which_o be_v sufficient_a for_o respiration_n of_o animal_n or_o for_o the_o burn_a of_o fire_n this_o be_v ordinary_o ●ound_v in_o the_o vunning_a of_o mine_n under_o ground_n for_o convey_v of_o water_n from_o coal_n or_o other_o metal_n or_o in_o the_o waste_n roo●s_v of_o coal_n where_o the_o sink_n be_v very_o deep_a and_o to_o evite_v the_o charge_n thereof_o there_o be_v some_o necessity_n to_o work_v as_o far_o under_o ground_n for_o win_v of_o coal_n as_o be_v possible_a without_o new_a sink_n the_o cause_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o the_o air_n under_o ground_n in_o such_o case_n want_v communication_n with_o the_o air_n above_o ground_n because_o it_o be_v find_v that_o by_o give_v more_o communication_n the_o evil_n be_v cure_v whence_o come_v the_o necessity_n of_o air-hole_n in_o level_n which_o be_v so_o many_o sink_v set_v down_o for_o no_o other_o use_n but_o for_o give_v air_n to_o the_o worker_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o defect_n may_v be_v supply_v by_o the_o blow_n of_o bellows_o from_o above_o ground_n through_o a_o stroop_n of_o leather_n or_o of_o some_o other_o thing_n which_o must_v run_v along_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o level_n for_o keep_v the_o air_n there●in_fw-fr motion_n but_o i_o have_v not_o yet_o hear_v that_o it_o have_v be_v make_v practicable_a the_o effect_n of_o this_o damp_n be_v not_o so_o dangerous_a as_o these_o of_o the_o other_o it_o be_v true_a it_o will_v kill_v animal_n and_o extinguish_v burn_a coal_n and_o candle_n but_o not_o so_o sudden_o as_o the_o former_a and_o so_o people_n be_v not_o so_o ready_o surprise_v by_o it_o the_o other_o seem_v to_o kill_v by_o some_o poisonous_a quality_n in_o this_o animal_n die_v for_o want_v of_o sufficient_a air_n for_o respiration_n therefore_o in_o advance_v in_o a_o coal_n room_n or_o level_v where_o this_o be_v you_o shall_v see_v the_o flame_n of_o the_o candle_n grow_v less_o and_o less_o by_o degree_n till_o at_o last_o it_o be_v total_o extinguish_v and_o the_o person_n enter_v shall_v find_v the_o difficulty_n of_o breathe_v grow_v great_a as_o he_o advance_v forward_o till_o at_o last_o he_o can_v breathe_v at_o all_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o few_o or_o none_o be_v kill_v by_o this_o kind_n of_o damp_n and_o all_o its_o prejudice_n be_v that_o it_o render_v the_o work_n more_o chargeable_a when_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n to_o remove_v it_o for_o that_o which_o they_o call_v wildfire_n it_o be_v a_o thing_n not_o incident_a but_o to_o very_o few_o coal_n be_v less_o know_v than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o accident_n that_o follow_v coal_n the_o account_n i_o have_v hear_v of_o it_o be_v that_o in_o some_o coal_n which_o natural_o be_v