the_o same_o ground_n if_o we_o counter_a march_n by_o file_n it_o be_v to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n with_o our_o best_a man_n if_o by_o rank_n it_o be_v to_o bring_v one_o wing_n into_o the_o place_n of_o the_o other_o or_o all_o our_o best_a man_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n if_o we_o countermarch_v by_o file_n or_o rank_n to_o change_v our_o ground_n we_o do_v it_o either_o by_o the_o macedonian_a the_o lacedaemonian_a oâ—_n the_o ground_n the_o the_o modern_a countermarch_v stand_v be_v thus_o perform_v the_o fyle-leader_n countermarch_a to_o the_o right_n the_o next_o rank_n stand_v till_o they_o be_v pass_v than_o they_o follow_v the_o like_a do_v all_o the_o rest_n transfer_v themselves_o to_o a_o new_a ground_n modern_a countermarch_v which_o be_v invent_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o to_o be_v perform_v stand_v if_o to_o maintain_v ground_n than_o we_o do_v it_o by_o the_o choraean_a countermarch_v which_o make_v the_o fileleader_n to_o take_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o bringer_n up_o and_o the_o bringer_n up_o the_o same_o ground_n in_o the_o which_o the_o fileleader_n stand_v the_o like_a in_o the_o wing_n these_o countermarche_n namely_o the_o macedonian_a the_o lacedaemonian_a and_o the_o choraean_a be_v describe_v by_o aelian_a thus_o the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v file_n countermarch_v aelian_a chap._n 20_o of_o the_o macedonian_a crunter-march_a by_o file_n by_o file_n be_v say_v to_o be_v when_o the_o fileleader_n turn_v about_o his_o face_n &_o all_o the_o rest_n with_o the_o bringer-up_a go_v against_o he_o on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n and_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n place_n themselves_o in_o order_n one_o after_o another_o according_a as_o the_o fileleader_n himself_o have_v turn_v his_o face_n this_o countermarch_v you_o see_v transfer_v the_o whole_a file_n to_o another_o place_n equal_a to_o the_o first_o by_o take_v the_o ground_n that_o lie_v before_o the_o front_n in_o lieu_n of_o that_o it_o lose_v behind_o it_o likewise_o make_v show_n to_o the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o run_v away_o but_o it_o be_v of_o excellent_a use_n say_v that_o before_o thy_o battle_n lie_v a_o river_n file_n the_o use_n of_o the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n and_o between_o the_o river_n and_o thou_o a_o fair_a plot_n of_o ground_n high_a than_o that_o thou_o stand_v upon_o the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n and_o compel_v thou_o to_o fight_v the_o only_a way_n to_o oppose_v he_o with_o the_o best_a man_n and_o to_o get_v this_o ground_n for_o thy_o advantage_n be_v this_o macedonian_a countermarch_v this_o countermarch_v be_v first_o invent_v by_o philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n father_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n be_v 28._o of_o the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n describe_v by_o aelian_a chap._n 28._o when_o the_o bringer_n up_o turn_v his_o face_n about_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n turn_v also_o their_o face_n and_o proceed_v forward_o together_o with_o their_o fyle-leader_n order_n themselves_o proportionable_o in_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v behind_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o battle_n or_o else_o when_o the_o bringer-up_a turn_v his_o face_n about_o and_o he_o that_o stand_v next_o before_o he_o passi_v by_o on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n be_v place_v again_o next_o before_o he_o and_o the_o rest_n follow_v be_v place_v one_o before_o another_o in_o their_o former_a order_n till_o the_o fyle-leader_n be_v first_o in_o this_o countermarch_v you_o see_v the_o proceed_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o former_a that_o take_v the_o ground_n before_o the_o phalange_n or_o battle_n this_o take_v the_o ground_n after_o in_o that_o the_o move_n be_v from_o the_o rear_n to_o the_o front_n in_o this_o from_o the_o front_n to_o the_o rear_n 28._o rear_n captain_n bingham_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o aelian_a chap._n 28._o aelian_a prefer_v the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v before_o the_o macedoman_n because_o in_o it_o the_o soldier_n seem_v to_o fall_v on_o and_o charge_n wherein_o the_o macedonian_a they_o seem_v to_o fly_v there_o be_v notwithstanding_o time_n as_o captain_n bingham_n note_v when_o it_o be_v better_a to_o use_v the_o macedonian_a as_o when_o you_o seek_v to_o gain_v some_o ground_n of_o advantage_n or_o in_o case_n you_o mean_v to_o march_v on_o and_o not_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n unless_o you_o be_v compel_v for_o the_o macedonian_a continue_v still_o the_o march_n and_o stay_v not_o the_o lacedaemonian_a return_v upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o so_o lose_v ground_n in_o march_v there_o be_v likewise_o time_n say_v i_o when_o it_o be_v more_o requisite_a to_o use_v this_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v than_o any_o other_o as_o in_o case_n you_o have_v pass_v the_o ground_n which_o the_o enemy_n follow_v seek_v to_o gain_v and_o to_o charge_v you_o sudden_o the_o only_a way_n to_o possess_v it_o again_o and_o to_o fight_v with_o he_o with_o your_o best_a man_n be_v thus_o to_o countermarch_v the_o macedonian_a here_n will_v do_v no_o good_a 28._o aeâ—ian_n chap._n 28._o the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v another_o countermarch_v which_o bear_v the_o name_n and_o that_o be_v this_o the_o fyle-leader_n begin_v the_o countermarch_v and_o every_o one_o in_o their_o file_n follow_v they_o orderly_o this_o be_v no_o other_o than_o our_o modern_a countermarch_v now_o in_o use_n the_o cretan_a the_o of_o the_o choraean_a countermarch_v by_o file_n otherwise_o call_v persian_a or_o cretan_a choraean_a countermarch_v by_o file_n be_v say_v to_o be_v when_o the_o fyle-leader_n turn_v about_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n precede_v the_o file_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n follow_v till_o the_o fyle-leader_n have_v the_o place_n of_o the_o bringer-up_a and_o the_o bringer-up_a the_o place_n of_o the_o fyle-leader_n this_o countermarch_v say_v aelian_a be_v call_v likewise_o persian_a &_o cretan_a persian_a and_o câ—etan_n say_v captain_n bingham_n because_o it_o be_v use_v among_o the_o persian_n and_o cretan_n 28._o captain_n bingham_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o aelian_a chap._n 28._o choraean_a also_o for_o the_o similitude_n it_o have_v with_o the_o solelmne_v grecian_a dance_n upon_o stage_n the_o company_n that_o show_v themselves_o in_o such_o dance_n be_v call_v chorus_n who_o in_o their_o dance_n order_v themselves_o into_o syle_n and_o rank_n as_o soldier_n do_v in_o battle_n and_o move_v themselves_o to_o the_o brink_n of_o the_o stage_n when_o be_v straighten_v by_o the_o place_n they_o can_v pass_v no_o further_o they_o retire_v one_o through_o the_o rank_n of_o the_o other_o exceed_v not_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o place_n as_o be_v do_v in_o this_o countermarch_v file_n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o choraean_a cuunter-march_a by_o file_n it_o may_v be_v command_v thus_o fyle-leader_n countermarch_v to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o bringers-up_a and_o stand_v and_o let_v your_o file_n follow_v you_o keep_v your_o distance_n or_o thus_o fyles_n countermarch_v and_o maintain_v ground_n the_o lacedaemonian_a may_v be_v command_v thus_o word_n thus_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n deliver_v in_o captain_n binghams_n own_o word_n bringers-up_a turn_v your_o face_n about_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o rest_n turn_v your_o face_n about_o and_o beginning_n at_o they_o that_o be_v next_o the_o bringers-up_a countermarch_v and_o place_n yourselves_o in_o your_o distance_n before_o the_o bringers-up_a and_o one_o before_o another_o till_o the_o fyle-leader_n be_v first_o or_o thus_o face_n all_o to_o the_o rear_n bringers-up_a stand_n the_o next_o rank_n pass_v through_o by_o their_o right_a hand_n and_o place_n yourselves_o before_o they_o keep_v your_o distance_n all_o the_o rest_n move_v with_o they_o place_v yourselves_o one_o before_o another_o till_o the_o fyle-leader_n be_v first_o when_o your_o man_n be_v perfect_v you_o need_v but_o say_v the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v and_o it_o be_v enough_o this_o gain_v the_o ground_n lie_v after_o the_o rear_n as_o the_o macedonian_a the_o groundlying_a before_o the_o front_n now_o the_o macedonian_a may_v be_v thus_o command_v fileleader_n turn_v your_o face_n about_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n 28._o word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v by_o file_n aelian_a chap._n 28._o the_o rest_n of_o every_o file_n pass_v through_o in_o order_n one_o after_o another_o and_o place_n yourselves_o at_o your_o distance_n after_o your_o leader_n turn_v your_o face_n about_o and_o so_o stand_v look_v what_o these_o countermarche_n do_v by_o file_n the_o very_a same_o they_o do_v by_o rank_n for_o like_a advantage_n the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v by_o rank_n take_v the_o ground_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o contrary_a wing_n begin_v to_o move_v at_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o wing_n
and_o a_o foot_n a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o sword_n point_n which_o be_v three_o foot_n in_o rank_n and_o this_o be_v to_o endure_v the_o brunt_n of_o a_o charge_n the_o first_o be_v use_v in_o ancient_a time_n for_o march_n solemn_a pomp_n and_o show_n the_o second_o for_o their_o fight_n only_o before_o they_o do_v join_v 11._o note_a â—y_a capt._n bâ—ngham_n 〈◊〉_d aelian_a ch_n 11._o the_o three_o be_v the_o sinaspisme_n of_o the_o macedonian_n so_o call_v because_o therein_o they_o join_v target_n to_o target_n which_o they_o never_o use_v but_o when_o either_o they_o give_v upon_o or_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o target_n so_o knit_v together_o serve_v for_o a_o wall_n as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o whole_a phalange_n and_o by_o they_o the_o soldier_n be_v defend_v from_o the_o missive_a weapon_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o his_o body_n cover_v even_o from_o the_o pierce_a of_o the_o sword_n this_o be_v former_o use_v by_o the_o ancient_a hero_n at_o troy_n and_o revive_v again_o to_o new_a life_n by_o philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n who_o first_o constitute_v the_o macedonian_a phalange_n and_o invent_v the_o distance_n of_o open_v and_o shut_v the_o same_o from_o his_o discipline_n as_o the_o learned_a captain_n bingham_n observe_v spring_v these_o distance_n in_o aelian_a 11._o aelian_a chap._n 11._o of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v and_o thus_o i_o have_v brief_o declare_v the_o use_n of_o those_o distance_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o battle_n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o they_o may_v be_v these_o viz._n eile_n and_o rank_n open_a to_o six_o foot_n now_o they_o be_v at_o open_a order_n rank_n and_o file_n close_o to_o three_o foot_n now_o they_o be_v at_o order_n file_n close_o to_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a now_o they_o be_v at_o close_a order_n rank_n and_o flle_n to_o your_o open_a order_n that_o be_v six_o foot_n every_o way_n thus_o if_o your_o battle_n be_v disjoin_v by_o too_o large_a distance_n you_o may_v reduce_v it_o to_o good_a order_n by_o close_v if_o it_o be_v throng_v up_o or_o pester_v too_o close_o together_o you_o may_v amend_v all_o by_o convenient_a open_n too_o much_o throng_v bind_v the_o soldier_n hand_n and_o take_v away_o the_o use_n of_o their_o weapon_n and_o too_o far_o stand_v asunder_o break_v the_o battle_n and_o make_v a_o passage_n for_o the_o enemy_n whereby_o he_o may_v enter_v therefore_o these_o three_o sort_n of_o distance_n to_o wit_n open_a order_n order_n and_o close_a order_n have_v be_v invent_v as_o the_o only_a mean_n between_o both_o to_o amend_v all_o and_o to_o fit_v our_o turn_n as_o we_o see_v occasion_n thus_o much_o for_o distance_n of_o their_o use_n and_o the_o word_n of_o command_n give_v for_o they_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o double_v of_o the_o length_n and_o depth_n of_o a_o battle_n next_o follow_v chap._n xxv_o this_o chapter_n show_v what_o the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v by_o which_o the_o length_n and_o depth_n of_o a_o battle_n be_v double_v either_o in_o place_n or_o number_n and_o teach_v a_o young_a soldier_n how_o to_o perform_v the_o motion_n in_o the_o three_o and_o twenty_o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o double_n of_o the_o length_n and_o depth_n of_o a_o battle_n both_o in_o place_n and_o number_n but_o the_o word_n of_o command_n be_v refer_v unto_o this_o chapter_n if_o then_o you_o will_v double_v the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n in_o place_n the_o proper_a word_n of_o direction_n for_o it_o may_v be_v this_o viz._n open_v your_o file_n from_o your_o close_a order_n to_o your_o open_a order_n six_o foot_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o action_n be_v thus_o perform_v the_o middle_a leader_n press_v upon_o their_o flanker_n first_o take_v their_o distance_n command_v have_v open_v both_o way_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o company_n on_o both_o flank_n take_v their_o distance_n from_o they_o now_o sixteen_o man_n be_v so_o extend_v as_o they_o hold_v as_o much_o ground_n in_o breadth_n as_o will_v serve_v thirty_o two_o man_n it_o may_v be_v command_v some_o other_o way_n peculiar_a and_o distinct_o from_o the_o other_o as_o place_n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o double_v the_o length_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o place_n file_n open_a to_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o your_o open_a order_n six_o foot_n or_o file_n open_a to_o the_o left_a hand_n to_o your_o open_a order_n hand_n file_n open_a to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o word_n be_v give_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o left_a hand_n file_n be_v not_o to_o move_v but_o stand_v fast_o the_o next_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n file_v first_o take_v the_o distance_n press_v upon_o the_o right_a hand_n still_o open_v by_o the_o right_a hand_n till_o they_o have_v take_v the_o distance_n of_o six_o foot_n hand_n file_n open_a to_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o word_n be_v give_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o right_a hand_n file_n must_v stand_v fast_o the_o rest_n must_v open_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n still_o press_v upon_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n till_o they_o be_v all_o in_o the_o distance_n and_o order_n command_v thus_o by_o three_o distinct_a peculiar_a word_n of_o command_n may_v the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v double_v in_o place_n each_o of_o which_o you_o may_v make_v choice_n of_o as_o occasion_n serve_v but_o if_o your_o battle_n bear_v too_o great_a a_o breadth_n by_o possess_v too_o much_o ground_n than_o you_o may_v amend_v it_o by_o this_o word_n of_o command_n viz._n name_v the_o two_o middle_a file_n close_v first_o the_o rest_n mover_n with_o they_o both_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n to_o the_o distance_n name_v file_n close_o to_o your_o order_n or_o file_n close_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o your_o order_n or_o file_n close_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n to_o your_o order_n close_o file_n close_o if_o the_o word_n be_v pile_v close_o without_o name_v to_o any_o hand_n than_o it_o must_v be_v perform_v thus_o the_o two_o middle_a leader_n must_v close_v the_o one_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n the_o other_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n till_o they_o be_v in_o the_o distance_n command_v then_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o company_n must_v take_v their_o distance_n from_o they_o on_o either_o flank_n close_v to_o the_o middle_a leader_n hand_n file_n close_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n if_o the_o word_n be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o right_a hand_n file_n move_v not_o but_o stand_v fast_o all_o the_o rest_n close_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n file_n take_v their_o distance_n one_o by_o another_o from_o the_o right_a hand_n hand_n file_n close_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n if_o the_o word_n be_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n observe_v like_o form_n then_o the_o left_a hand_n file_n stand_v fast_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o file_n close_o and_o take_v their_o distance_n from_o the_o left_a hand_n thus_o much_o of_o the_o word_n of_o command_n by_o which_o the_o battle_n be_v lessen_v or_o double_v in_o place_n place_n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o double_n of_o the_o depth_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o place_n thereby_o employ_v a_o great_a or_o lesser_a breadth_n as_o the_o word_n be_v give_v if_o you_o will_v double_v the_o depth_n of_o your_o battle_n in_o place_n the_o proper_a word_n of_o direction_n for_o it_o may_v be_v this_o viz._n open_v your_o rank_n from_o the_o front_n to_o the_o rear_n to_o your_o open_a order_n six_o foot_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o action_n be_v thus_o to_o be_v perform_v the_o first_o rank_n must_v stand_v firm_a the_o second_o rank_n take_v their_o distance_n first_o all_o the_o rest_n must_v do_v the_o like_a distinct_o in_o order_n now_o you_o take_v as_o much_o ground_n in_o depth_n for_o ten_o as_o will_v serve_v very_o well_o for_o twenty_o man_n if_o you_o will_v double_v the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n in_o number_n number_n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o double_n of_o the_o length_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o number_n that_o be_v to_o make_v the_o front_n have_v twice_o as_o many_o file_n or_o person_n in_o it_o as_o it_o have_v before_o than_o you_o may_v effect_v it_o by_o this_o word_n of_o command_n rank_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a or_o thus_o rank_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n double_a it_o be_v thus_o perform_v every_o second_o rank_n come_v between_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o rank_n before_o it_o and_o that_o either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n double_a rank_n to_o the_o rigâ—â—_n hand_n double_a as_o the_o word_n be_v give_v so_o that_o of_o ten_o in_o rank_n they_o become_v twenty_o in_o rank_n and_o but_o five_o in_o depth_n who_o before_o be_v ten_o in_o depth_n because_o the_o front_n be_v double_v
ought_v to_o know_v by_o the_o drum_n 1._o a_o call_n 2._o a_o march_n 3._o a_o troop_n 4._o a_o charge_n 5._o a_o retreat_n 6._o a_o battalion_n 7._o a_o battery_n 8._o a_o relief_n for_o when_o the_o commander_n voice_n can_v extend_v to_o the_o hear_n of_o the_o company_n the_o drum_n denounce_v &_o express_v the_o same_o the_o next_o chapter_n show_v what_o the_o distance_n of_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v which_o soldier_n must_v know_v chap._n xiii_o what_o the_o distance_n in_o file_n and_o rank_n be_v which_o soldier_n must_v know_v there_o be_v five_o sort_n of_o distance_n in_o file_n say_v somme_fw-fr and_o they_o be_v these_o that_o follow_v fiâ—es_n distance_n in_o fiâ—es_n the_o first_o be_v close_a the_o second_o be_v close_o the_o three_o be_v order_n the_o forth_o be_v open_a order_n the_o five_o double_a distance_n which_o be_v pouldron_n to_o pouldron_n a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a three_o foot_n six_o foot_n twelve_o foot_n there_o be_v five_o sort_n of_o distance_n in_o rank_n say_v they_o rank_n distance_n in_o rank_n the_o first_o be_v close_a the_o second_o be_v close_o the_o three_o be_v order_n the_o four_o be_v open_a order_n the_o five_o double_a distance_n which_o be_v to_o the_o sword_n point_n three_o foot_n six_o foot_n twelve_o foot_n four_o &_o twenty_o foot_n although_o they_o be_v thus_o set_v down_o to_o be_v five_o in_o number_n yet_o most_o commander_n observe_v and_o teach_v as_o most_o proper_a only_o three_o viz._n close_o order_n and_o open_v order_n antiquity_n have_v no_o more_o yet_o the_o rest_n must_v not_o be_v casher_v or_o slight_v for_o some_o time_n a_o commander_n must_v do_v that_o in_o a_o double_a distance_n which_o can_v be_v do_v in_o a_o single_a therefore_o soldier_n be_v bind_v to_o know_v all_o distance_n in_o file_n and_o rank_n that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o execute_v what_o their_o captain_n command_v the_o next_o chapter_n show_v how_o a_o file_n and_o a_o rank_n be_v distinguish_v for_o a_o soldier_n to_o know_v chap._n xiiii_o how_o a_o file_n and_o a_o rank_n be_v distinguish_v for_o a_o soldier_n to_o know_v a_o file_n be_v a_o number_n of_o man_n begin_v at_o one_o leader_n and_o contynue_v in_o order_n of_o follower_n to_o the_o last_o man_n fiâ—e_n a_o distinction_n of_o a_o fiâ—e_n aelian_a chap._n 4._o or_o thus_o a_o file_n be_v a_o sequence_n of_o man_n stand_v one_o behind_o another_o back_n to_o belly_n and_o consist_v common_o of_o ten_o or_o eight_o in_o depth_n suidas_n suidas_n the_o depth_n be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o file_n for_o rank_n stretch_v forth_o in_o length_n file_n in_o depth_n a_o rank_n be_v a_o number_n of_o man_n side_n to_o side_n in_o a_o right_a line_n stretch_v out_o in_o length_n from_o one_o end_n of_o the_o body_n unto_o the_o other_o and_o be_v term_v the_o length_n because_o it_o run_v along_o the_o front_n unto_o each_o wing_n aelian_a chap._n 7._o rank_n a_o distinction_n of_o a_o rank_n or_o thus_o a_o rank_n be_v a_o row_n of_o man_n stand_v one_o by_o another_o pouldron_n to_o pouldron_n or_o shoulder_n to_o shoulder_n their_o face_n be_v direct_v all_o one_o way_n this_o distinction_n of_o file_n and_o rank_n a_o soldier_n must_v know_v that_o when_o he_o be_v bid_v to_o double_a file_n he_o may_v not_o rank_n and_o when_o he_o be_v bid_v to_o double_a rank_n he_o may_v not_o file_n the_o next_o chapter_n show_v what_o the_o fight_n be_v which_o soldier_n must_v be_v expertin_n chap._n xv._o what_o fight_v they_o be_v which_o soldier_n must_v be_v expert_a in_o the_o fight_v necessary_a for_o all_o soldier_n to_o be_v expert_a in_o be_v six_o first_o to_o fight_v advance_v upon_o a_o enemy_n this_o be_v when_o the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o vanguard_n enemy_n to_o fight_v advance_v upon_o a_o enemy_n and_o they_o by_o two_o rank_n a_o piece_n march_v from_o the_o body_n ten_o pace_n and_o give_v fire_n at_o the_o place_n appoint_v or_o when_o the_o first_o rank_n give_v fire_n march_v still_o on_o with_o the_o body_n and_o the_o next_o rank_n pass_v through_o by_o their_o right_a hand_n give_v fire_n stand_v still_o before_o they_o and_o so_o still_o successive_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o order_n this_o be_v like_o the_o lacedaemonian_a countermarch_v to_o gain_n ground_n second_o to_o fight_v retire_v from_o a_o enemy_n this_o be_v when_o the_o last_o rank_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n give_v fire_n enemy_n to_o fight_v upon_o a_o march_n retire_v from_o a_o enemy_n march_v up_o to_o the_o front_n and_o place_n themselves_o before_o their_o file_n leader_n but_o if_o you_o will_v maintain_v a_o set_a fight_n with_o the_o enemy_n to_o gain_v a_o better_a ground_n than_o it_o be_v requisite_a you_o teach_v they_o the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v make_v your_o file_n leader_n to_o face_n about_o and_o stand_v the_o rest_n to_o pass_v through_o by_o the_o right_a hand_n place_v themselves_o behind_o their_o leader_n and_o so_o meet_v your_o enemy_n in_o the_o rear_n with_o your_o best_a man_n three_o to_o fight_v front_n and_o rear_n with_o the_o enemy_n this_o be_v when_o the_o middle_a man_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n enemy_n to_o sight_n front_n &_o rear_n with_o a_o enemy_n and_o all_o the_o musketeer_n fall_v in_o the_o division_n between_o both_o four_o to_o fight_v with_o both_o flank_n against_o a_o enemy_n stand_v this_o be_v when_o the_o outward_a file_n of_o each_o flank_n be_v command_v to_o face_n have_v give_v fire_n enemy_n to_o fight_v stand_v both_o plank_n against_o a_o enemy_n each_o file_n devide_v itself_o into_o two_o part_n one_o half_a march_n up_o to_o the_o front_n and_o place_n itself_o in_o a_o right_a line_n before_o the_o first_o file_n of_o pike_n the_o other_o half_a march_n to_o the_o rear_n and_o place_n itself_o in_o a_o right_a line_n behind_o the_o bringer_n up_o of_o the_o same_o file_n of_o pike_n the_o like_a do_v all_o the_o rest_n on_o the_o contrary_a flank_n exercise_n captain_n bingham_n his_o exercise_n so_o continue_v half_o the_o shot_n will_v be_v in_o the_o front_n the_o other_o half_o in_o the_o rear_n then_o do_v but_o face_v they_o to_o the_o right_n and_o leave_v by_o division_n and_o each_o flank_n will_v be_v a_o battle_n for_o the_o enemy_n five_o to_o give_v fire_n by_o flank_n upon_o the_o enemy_n march_v this_o be_v when_o both_o their_o outward_a file_n next_o to_o the_o enemy_n make_v ready_a enâ—mie_n to_o fight_v march_v both_o flank_n against_o a_o enâ—mie_n face_n to_o either_o hand_n give_v fire_n at_o command_n stay_v till_o the_o rest_n of_o all_o the_o file_n be_v clear_a of_o they_o then_o march_v up_o by_o the_o pike_n till_o all_o the_o rest_n do_v the_o like_a bring_v they_o again_o to_o their_o first_o place_n or_o when_o they_o give_v fire_n and_o stand_v and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v in_o two_o file_n the_o body_n of_o pick_v march_v a_o officer_n come_v and_o gather_v up_o the_o wing_n &_o join_v they_o again_o in_o equal_a front_n with_o the_o pike_n enemy_n to_o fight_v against_o horse_n in_o a_o set_a battle_n for_o the_o purpose_n against_o a_o enemy_n six_o to_o fight_v against_o horse_n in_o a_o set_a battle_n for_o that_o purpose_n this_o be_v when_o they_o countermarch_n their_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o be_v empale_v round_o with_o pike_n and_o so_o draw_v forth_o on_o either_o side_n under_o the_o shelter_n of_o they_o in_o these_o six_o fight_n your_o soldier_n must_v be_v very_o expert_a that_o they_o may_v avoid_v all_o confusion_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n before_o mention_v ☞_o ☞_o the_o next_o two_o chapter_n declare_v what_o quality_n they_o be_v which_o befit_v marshal_n man_n and_o how_o requisite_a it_o be_v for_o they_o to_o be_v wise_a and_o politic_a to_o preserve_v the_o life_n of_o their_o man_n and_o how_o politic_a wisdom_n may_v be_v attain_a with_o a_o brief_a summarie_n thereof_o chap._n xvi_o what_o quality_n they_o be_v which_o befitt_a marshal_n men._n the_o quality_n which_o befit_v marshal_n man_n be_v many_o but_o i_o will_v at_o this_o time_n treat_v but_o of_o eight_o and_o they_o be_v these_o viz._n silence_n obedience_n secrecy_n sobriety_n valour_n loyalty_n freedom_n from_o bribe_n moderation_n in_o expense_n i_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o silence_n silence_n silence_n silence_n be_v of_o such_o veneration_n among_o the_o egyptian_n that_o they_o make_v thereof_o a_o god_n which_o with_o they_o be_v call_v harpocrates_n and_o according_a to_o the_o greek_n sigaleon_n he_o they_o portrature_v in_o the_o likeness_n of_o a_o young_a child_n 5._o august_n de_fw-fr civet_n dei_fw-la li._n 18._o cap._n 5._o who_o close_o to_o his_o lip_n
25._o captain_n bingham_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o aelian_a chapt._n 25._o omit_v not_o this_o opportunity_n but_o meet_v he_o with_o thy_o best_a man_n for_o example_n whereof_o i_o bring_v the_o graetian_o they_o covet_v always_o to_o bring_v their_o best_a man_n that_o be_v the_o fileleader_n to_o fight_v do_v thus_o in_o open_a order_n they_o choose_v to_o countermarch_n in_o close_a order_n have_v place_n to_o wheel_v their_o battle_n about_o they_o do_v turn_v the_o face_n of_o it_o against_o the_o enemy_n if_o they_o can_v do_v neither_o of_o these_o they_o come_v to_o the_o last_o remedy_n which_o be_v turn_v of_o face_n of_o every_o particular_a man_n in_o the_o battle_n this_o be_v the_o grecian_n order_n which_o show_v the_o excellency_n of_o their_o discipline_n and_o therefore_o we_o be_v willing_a to_o follow_v they_o be_v the_o mirror_n of_o art_n and_o arm_n they_o be_v so_o perfect_a in_o these_o motion_n by_o their_o continual_a practice_n and_o exercise_n that_o few_o or_o none_o be_v ever_o comparable_a unto_o they_o in_o wheel_v they_o will_v move_v as_o a_o ship_n or_o some_o other_o body_n carry_v about_o whole_o and_o joint_o together_o remain_v undisolue_v when_o they_o be_v to_o wheel_n to_o the_o right_n they_o do_v first_o warn_v the_o right_a corner_n file_n leader_n to_o stand_v still_o as_o it_o be_v the_o hook_n of_o a_o doore-hinge_n and_o the_o rest_n they_o command_v altogether_o to_o proceed_v forward_o and_o to_o turn_v about_o the_o same_o fileleader_n like_o the_o door_n motion_n door_n they_o will_v not_o wheel_n unless_o they_o be_v at_o a_o unfitting_a order_n pouldion_n to_o houldion_fw-la and_o then_o rank_n to_o the_o sword_n point_v a_o distance_n not_o fit_a for_o that_o motion_n thus_o be_v the_o battle_n whole_o turn_v by_o they_o as_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n to_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a or_o about_o to_o either_o be_v carry_v about_o the_o corner_n fileleader_n as_o about_o a_o centre_n this_o be_v a_o comely_a sight_n to_o look_v upon_o will_v to_o god_n all_o will_v do_v it_o as_o exact_o as_o they_o but_o wish_n be_v in_o vain_a man_n will_v do_v as_o they_o listen_v not_o as_o they_o shall_v a_o some_o will_v neither_o observe_v the_o distance_n use_v by_o the_o grecian_n no_o the_o distance_n appoint_v by_o our_o tactic_n for_o the_o comely_a grace_n thereof_o this_o distance_n be_v three_o foot_n from_o file_n to_o file_v and_o three_o foot_n from_o rank_n to_o rank_n if_o this_o be_v not_o observe_v the_o motion_n will_v want_v grace_n the_o use_n of_o it_o will_v be_v frustrate_v the_o enemy_n will_v prevail_v against_o they_o for_o how_o can_v those_o man_n fight_v who_o hand_n be_v tie_v be_v throng_v and_o pester_v together_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v bind_v and_o tie_v and_o can_v neither_o assault_v the_o enemy_n nor_o defend_v themselves_o but_o be_v subject_a to_o be_v kill_v one_o of_o another_o therefore_o true_a distance_n must_v be_v observe_v but_o of_o distance_n more_o hereafter_o face_v and_o wheel_v be_v the_o subject_n on_o which_o i_o treat_v now_o face_v and_o wheel_v be_v join_v together_o be_v of_o singular_a use_n to_o prevent_v the_o enemy_n where_o he_o will_v assault_v you_o to_o give_v the_o assault_n on_o he_o and_o to_o circumvent_v he_o in_o take_v of_o advantage_n of_o ground_n wind_z and_o sun_n it_o likewise_o serve_v to_o strengthen_v the_o midst_n of_o your_o battle_n with_o the_o best_a man_n by_o wheel_v the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n in_o do_v whereof_o you_o curtail_v the_o depth_n and_o extend_v the_o length_n bring_v more_o man_n to_o fight_v than_o you_o have_v before_o thus_o much_o of_o wheeleing_n the_o word_n of_o command_n follow_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o wheeling_n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o wheeling_n may_v be_v thus_o give_v viz._n wheel_v the_o body_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n use_n the_o use_n thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n appear_v to_o the_o right_a flank_n you_o bring_v your_o best_a man_n to_o fight_v against_o he_o wheel_v the_o body_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n use_n the_o use_n thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n come_v to_o charge_v your_o left_a flank_n you_o bring_v your_o best_a man_n against_o he_o wheel_v the_o body_n about_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n use_n the_o use_n thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n you_o bring_v your_o fileleader_n that_o be_v your_o best_a man_n to_o fight_v wheel_v the_o body_n about_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n thus_o you_o be_v reduce_v to_o your_o first_o posture_n use_n the_o use_n but_o it_o may_v be_v you_o will_v face_n then_o march_v after_o face_n again_o then_o wheel_n if_o you_o will_v it_o may_v be_v command_v thus_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n march._n face_n &_o march._n and_o march_v twenty_o pace_n face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o march_v twenty_o pace_n then_o wheel_n to_o the_o left_a and_o charge_v over-hand_n thus_o you_o may_v gain_v the_o advantage_n of_o ground_n upon_o the_o right_a flank_n use_n the_o use_n you_o may_v assault_v your_o enemy_n on_o the_o left_a wing_n with_o your_o fileleader_n or_o front_n you_o may_v gain_v the_o advantage_n of_o wind_n and_o sun_n from_o the_o enemy_n and_o present_o fall_v upon_o a_o charge_n it_o may_v be_v you_o will_v extend_v the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n by_o wheel_v by_o bring_v the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n then_o you_o may_v command_v thus_o wheel_v the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n face_n to_o your_o commander_n thus_o the_o strength_n of_o your_o battle_n lie_v in_o the_o midst_n use_n the_o use_n it_o may_v be_v you_o will_v reduce_v then_o command_v thus_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o then_o begin_v with_o the_o bringer_n up_o and_o say_v wheel_v your_o wing_n again_o into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n then_o bid_v they_o face_n to_o their_o commander_n after_o that_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_o and_o so_o they_o be_v full_o reduce_v as_o they_o be_v it_o may_v be_v you_o will_v know_v the_o way_n how_o to_o perform_v this_o wheeling_n for_o as_o yet_o you_o be_v ignorant_a then_o observe_v how_o to_o do_v it_o by_o this_o instance_n which_o will_v somewhat_o explain_v it_o unto_o you_o there_o be_v ten_o fileleader_n in_o front_n instance_n the_o instance_n five_o of_o they_o on_o the_o right_a wing_n wheel_v forward_o to_o the_o left_a transfer_v their_o face_n to_o the_o contrary_a wing_n their_o follower_n move_v with_o they_o and_o stand_v behind_o they_o as_o they_o do_v at_o the_o first_o only_o they_o change_v their_o former_a ground_n as_o do_v the_o fileleader_n the_o other_o five_o on_o the_o left_a wing_n wheel_v forward_o to_o the_o right_n meet_v they_o in_o the_o midst_n face_n to_o face_n have_v all_o their_o follower_n behind_o they_o as_o the_o other_o five_o then_o the_o commander_n bid_v they_o face_n to_o he_o and_o so_o the_o countenance_n of_o all_o the_o soldier_n be_v direct_v or_o transfer_v all_o one_o way_n thus_o you_o may_v perform_v this_o wheel_a but_o action_n do_v better_a perform_v it_o than_o word_n this_o wheel_a of_o the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battalion_n be_v use_v by_o the_o ancient_a grecian_n to_o make_v their_o diphalange_n antistomus_n their_o diphalange_n peristomus_fw-la their_o hollow-wedge_n the_o figure_n of_o which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o aelian_a with_o the_o description_n of_o they_o chap._n 36._o 40._o and_o 41._o what_o victory_n have_v be_v gain_v by_o this_o kind_n of_o imbattalling_a i_o have_v see_v and_o read_v in_o a_o write_a copy_n of_o captain_n binghams_n compose_v to_o be_v diwlge_v short_o for_o a_o public_a good_a that_o be_v now_o but_o for_o a_o private_a use_n this_o worthy_a captain_n be_v the_o man_n that_o do_v first_o show_v the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o artillery_n garden_n how_o they_o shall_v perform_v this_o kind_n of_o wheel_v which_o now_o they_o do_v most_o exact_o and_o he_o will_v prove_v the_o use_n of_o it_o to_o be_v as_o profitable_a for_o service_n now_o as_o heretofore_o with_o the_o grecian_n if_o we_o will_v but_o do_v what_o he_o shall_v advise_v thus_o much_o of_o this_o kind_a of_o wheel_v and_o of_o the_o other_o wheel_v which_o must_v not_o be_v use_v when_o the_o enemy_n be_v upon_o you_o but_o when_o he_o be_v aloof_o off_o now_o of_o countermarch_v chap._n xxii_o of_o countermarche_n and_o the_o diverse_a kind_n thereof_o with_o the_o manner_n how_o they_o be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o of_o their_o use_n countermarche_n be_v twofold_a for_o either_o we_o countermarch_v the_o file_n or_o the_o rank_n and_o these_o either_o by_o change_v of_o ground_n or_o keep_v still_o
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length_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o place_n place_n when_o every_o file_n do_v open_a from_o three_o foot_n to_o six_o foot_n which_o be_v your_o open_a order_n in_o file_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o front_n possess_v double_a ground_n to_o that_o it_o have_v before_o there_o be_v another_o way_n to_o double_a the_o front_n in_o place_n as_o you_o shall_v hear_v anon_o the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v number_n be_v double_v of_o the_o length_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o number_n double_v in_o number_n when_o of_o twenty_o in_o a_o rank_n it_o be_v make_v forty_o and_o of_o forty_o fourscore_o so_o that_o you_o have_v twice_o as_o many_o man_n in_o the_o front_n as_o you_o have_v before_o this_o double_n of_o the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n by_o number_n may_v be_v do_v upon_o fit_a occasion_n either_o in_o open_a order_n or_o in_o order_n in_o open_a order_n by_o double_v of_o rank_n by_o middle_a man_n do_v the_o same_o by_o bringer_n up_o double_v the_o front_n either_o to_o the_o 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or_o if_o you_o be_v mind_v to_o effect_v it_o by_o middle_a man_n than_o the_o last_o five_o rank_n must_v march_v up_o through_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o file_n till_o they_o come_v to_o be_v even_o in_o front_n with_o the_o fileleader_n than_o they_o stand_v have_v every_o one_o their_o follower_n follow_v they_o as_o they_o have_v before_o only_o now_o they_o be_v five_o in_o depth_n when_o they_o be_v before_o ten_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o it_o be_v middle_a man_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n double_a your_o front_n or_o be_v mind_v to_o divide_v your_o middle_a man_n and_o so_o to_o double_v man_n double_v of_o the_o length_n of_o a_o battle_n by_o middle_a man_n then_o the_o last_o five_o rank_n must_v turn_v their_o face_n the_o one_o half_a in_o their_o file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o other_o half_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o so_o march_v forth_o from_o both_o the_o flank_n till_o they_o have_v get_v such_o a_o proportion_n of_o ground_n or_o 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in_o number_n twelve_o three_o be_v to_o be_v do_v stand_v six_z marching_z use_v three_o charge_v the_o three_o which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v stand_v he_o express_v thus_o lay_v dâ—wâ—â—_n your_o piâ—â—_n tâ—kâ—_n up_o your_o pike_n â—â—der_o your_o pikâ—_n the_o siâ—_n which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v march_v he_o express_v thus_o aâ—â—ance_v your_o pike_n shoulder_v your_o pike_n level_n your_o pike_n slope_n your_o pike_n cheek_n your_o pike_n trail_v your_o pike_n the_o three_o which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v charge_v he_o express_v thus_o poâ—t_n charge_v over_o hand_n charge_v at_o the_o right_a foot_n for_o horse_n this_o be_v the_o brief_a epitome_n of_o the_o posture_n which_o that_o gentleman_n take_v from_o captain_n pantons_n table_n captain_n panton_n from_o the_o book_n publish_v by_o the_o most_o excellent_a prince_n the_o count_n maurice_n of_o nassau_n and_o i_o from_o both_o so_o i_o end_v my_o book_n let_v god_n have_v the_o glory_n amen_n exodus_fw-la 15_o 3._o the_o lord_z be_v a_o man_n of_o war_n his_o name_n be_v jehovah_n finis_fw-la
have_v express_v full_o both_o by_o precept_n and_o example_n now_o it_o remain_v that_o i_o show_v you_o four_o other_o thing_n first_o by_o what_o word_n of_o command_n it_o may_v be_v do_v second_o in_o what_o order_n three_o with_o which_o leg_n come_v forward_o four_o how_o to_o reduce_v all_o this_o by_o way_n of_o document_n or_o observation_n shall_v be_v declare_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n follow_v chap._n xix_o observation_n for_o face_v show_v the_o manner_n how_o to_o perform_v the_o action_n with_o many_o other_o circumstance_n appertain_v to_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o facing_n in_o this_o chapter_n be_v certain_a observation_n positive_o set_v down_o for_o the_o exact_a performance_n thereof_o they_o be_v in_o number_n four_o the_o first_o observation_n be_v for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o leg_n the_o second_o for_o reducement_n to_o its_o first_o posture_n the_o three_o for_o distance_n to_o grace_v the_o action_n the_o four_o for_o word_n of_o command_n either_o to_o face_n and_o march_n or_o to_o face_n and_o stand_v express_v their_o use_n of_o these_o in_o order_n observation_n the_o first_o observation_n first_o then_o observe_v that_o in_o face_v upon_o a_o stand_n the_o motion_n must_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v perform_v with_o the_o right_a leg_n that_o be_v the_o left_a leg_n must_v stand_v firm_a the_o right_n must_v either_o remove_v forward_o or_o backward_o forward_a when_o you_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n backward_a when_o you_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v it_o to_o the_o right_n about_o or_o to_o the_o leave_v about_o the_o left_a leg_n stand_v firm_a only_o you_o move_v the_o foot_n upon_o the_o heel_n or_o toe_n but_o in_o the_o march_n it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v march_v how_o to_o face_n march_v sometime_o with_o the_o right_a leg_n sometime_o with_o the_o left_a leg_n with_o the_o right_a leg_n when_o it_o be_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n with_o the_o left_a leg_n when_o it_o be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n for_o you_o must_v gain_v ground_n and_o not_o lose_v observation_n the_o second_o observation_n in_o the_o second_o place_n observe_v or_o take_v notice_n how_o to_o reduce_v unto_o the_o first_o posture_n this_o must_v be_v thus_o perform_v when_o you_o face_n to_o the_o right_n return_v back_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n posture_n how_o to_o reduce_v unto_o your_o first_o posture_n when_o you_o face_n to_o the_o left_a return_v back_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n have_v face_v about_o to_o the_o right_n return_v about_o to_o the_o left_a have_v face_v about_o to_o the_o left_a return_v about_o to_o the_o right_n for_o still_o the_o contrary_n must_v be_v do_v observe_v it_o and_o forget_v it_o not_o observation_n the_o three_o observation_n in_o the_o three_o place_n observe_v or_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o distance_n appropriate_v to_o facing_n these_o distance_n be_v of_o three_o sort_n to_o wit_n open_v order_n order_n close_o order_n the_o first_o for_o exercise_n the_o two_o last_o for_o service_n no_o captain_n must_v be_v so_o absurd_a as_o to_o face_n upon_o a_o enemy_n in_o open_a order_n the_o enemy_n come_v to_o push_v of_o pike_n the_o grecian_n will_v never_o face_n to_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o a_o enemy_n but_o in_o their_o close_a order_n their_o close_a order_n be_v a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a from_o file_n to_o file_v and_o three_o foot_n from_o rank_n to_o rank_n this_o we_o common_o use_v with_o pike_n but_o our_o musketeer_n be_v never_o to_o be_v close_o than_o the_o second_o distance_n of_o three_o foot_n in_o square_n because_o they_o be_v to_o have_v a_o free_a use_n of_o their_o arm_n if_o then_o they_o be_v at_o a_o close_a distance_n they_o will_v much_o throng_v and_o trouble_v one_o another_o and_o be_v subject_a to_o fire_v in_o the_o last_o place_n observe_v how_o to_o give_v the_o word_n of_o command_n observation_n the_o four_o observation_n either_o to_o face_n and_o march_n or_o to_o face_n and_o stand_v that_o you_o may_v do_v it_o orderly_o and_o proper_o i_o have_v fit_v they_o to_o your_o mouth_n thus_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n march_n march_n word_n of_o command_n to_o face_n and_o march_n face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n march_n face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o march_n face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_o march_n thus_o you_o may_v set_v upon_o your_o enemy_n as_o you_o see_v advantage_n or_o prevent_v he_o where_o he_o will_v charge_v you_o to_o your_o disadvantage_n or_o shun_v a_o dangerous_a ground_n prepare_v for_o you_o as_o alexander_n do_v when_o darius_n will_v have_v entrap_v he_o thus_o much_o to_o face_n &_o march_n and_o of_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o it_o now_o to_o face_n and_o stand_v with_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o that_o motion_n the_o word_n of_o proper_a direction_n for_o it_o be_v these_o stand_v word_n of_o command_n to_o face_n &_o stand_v face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v hand_n if_o you_o restore_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n you_o be_v to_o say_v as_o you_o be_v thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v encompass_v your_o right_a flank_n you_o be_v ready_a for_o he_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v encompass_v your_o left_a flank_n you_o be_v ready_a for_o he_o face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n by_o division_n thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v encompass_v both_o the_o wing_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v unable_a to_o avoid_v it_o division_n it_o they_o face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a by_o division_n you_o face_v thus_o to_o resist_v he_o face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o about_o thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v sudden_o make_v his_o approach_n upon_o your_o rear_n you_o be_v ready_a for_o he_o and_o resist_v he_o in_o a_o instant_n middle_a man_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o this_o form_n be_v call_v phalange_n amphistomus_fw-la describe_v by_o aelian_a chap._n 38._o and_o be_v of_o excellent_a use_n to_o resist_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n assault_v we_o in_o front_n and_o rear_n man_n observe_v the_o form_n of_o this_o face_n be_v ten_o in_o depth_n this_o be_v the_o pâ—inthium_n full_a of_o man_n the_o three_o last_o rank_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n the_o three_o first_o rank_n in_o the_o front_n stand_v as_o you_o do_v the_o rest_n in_o the_o midst_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a by_o division_n thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v environ_v you_o about_o on_o all_o side_n on_o all_o side_n you_o be_v ready_a to_o resist_v he_o aemilius_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o paulus_n aemilius_n this_o be_v the_o last_o remedy_n of_o the_o macedonian_a phalange_n oppose_v against_o paulus_n aemylius_fw-la in_o his_o battle_n with_o perseus_n which_o distress_v the_o roman_n and_o have_v gain_v the_o victory_n have_v it_o not_o be_v break_v for_o want_n of_o ground_n thus_o much_o for_o facing_n now_o if_o in_o stead_n of_o facing_n you_o will_v command_v charge_v give_v the_o word_n thus_o charge_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n charge_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n charge_v both_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n charge_v to_o the_o front_n charge_v to_o the_o rear_n charge_v both_o front_n and_o rear_n charge_v every_o way_n caution_n a_o caution_n when_o you_o charge_v upon_o a_o stand_n fall_v back_o with_o the_o right_a leg_n when_o you_o charge_v to_o go_v on_o come_v forward_o with_o the_o left_a leg_n this_o be_v to_o charge_v march_v thus_o much_o for_o this_o chapter_n chap._n xx._n of_o the_o use_n of_o wheeling_n wheel_v be_v of_o the_o same_o use_n with_o facing_n both_o may_v be_v do_v upon_o the_o sudden_a approach_n of_o the_o enemy_n whether_o he_o show_v himself_o on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a flank_n or_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o your_o battle_n wheeling_n the_o excellency_n of_o wheeling_n if_o he_o show_v himself_o in_o the_o right_n or_o left_a flank_n wheeling_n will_v have_v the_o pre-eminence_n of_o facing_n for_o it_o will_v oppose_v he_o with_o thy_o front_n which_o be_v thy_o best_a man_n if_o he_o show_v himself_o in_o the_o rear_n wheeling_n will_v yet_o have_v the_o pre-eminence_n and_o oppose_v he_o there_o with_o thy_o fileleader_n or_o best_o man_n as_o it_o do_v before_o in_o the_o flank_n but_o wheeling_n but_o of_o the_o prehemincie_n of_o face_v over_o wheeling_n if_o the_o enemy_n show_v himself_o in_o front_n and_o rear_n or_o in_o more_o than_o these_o place_n at_o once_o sudden_o to_o charge_v thou_o facing_n will_v then_o have_v the_o pre-eminence_n and_o wheeling_n will_v do_v more_o harm_n then_o good_a therefore_o be_v in_o this_o straight_o the_o best_a remedy_n be_v to_o turn_v face_n and_o so_o receive_v he_o but_o have_v sufficient_a place_n and_o fit_a occasion_n to_o wheel_n