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prince_n edward_n king_n york_n 2,635 5 9.7459 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A38803 Numismata, a discourse of medals, ancient and modern together with some account of heads and effigies of illustrious, and famous persons in sculps, and taille-douce, of whom we have no medals extant, and of the use to be derived from them : to which is added a digression concerning physiognomy / by J. Evelyn, Esq. ... Evelyn, John, 1620-1706. 1697 (1697) Wing E3505; ESTC R21821 242,984 342

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above_o all_o other_o be_v distinguish_v for_o their_o extraordinary_a sanctity_n presume_v to_o affirm_v give_v not_o only_o great_a scandal_n to_o other_o but_o to_o some_o worthy_a person_n also_o of_o that_o communion_n wonder_v that_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n who_o be_v set_v to_o be_v the_o continual_a protector_n and_o guardian_n of_o those_o boundary_n which_o be_v place_v to_o separate_v that_o which_o be_v due_a to_o god_n alone_o from_o that_o of_o caesar_n shall_v suffer_v such_o bold_a and_o impious_a thesis_n to_o escape_v the_o sponge_n and_o index_n so_o worthy_o perstringe_v by_o 1686._o by_o la_fw-fr morau_n de_fw-fr tacite_fw-la de_fw-fr la_fw-fr flater_n paris_n 1686._o mounseur_fw-fr amelot_n in_o his_o learned_a treatise_n of_o flatterer_n upon_o the_o moral_n of_o tacitus_n to_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n but_o so_o as_o one_o well_o observe_v the_o great_a alexander_n by_o his_o adulator_n be_v make_v at_o last_o to_o believe_v not_o only_o to_o be_v himself_o a_o god_n but_o that_o he_o have_v power_n to_o make_v hephestion_n a_o god_n also_o so_o true_a be_v that_o nil_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la credere_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la iu._n juven._n sat._n iu._n cum_fw-la laudatur_fw-la diis_fw-la aequa_fw-la potestas_fw-la once_o equal_a man_n to_o god_n there_o be_v nothing_o they_o refuse_v to_o credit_v flatterer_n can_v say_v but_o of_o this_o pagan_a and_o slavish_a adulation_n of_o prince_n see_v copious_a instance_n in_o casaubon_n animadver_n in_o athenaeum_n lib._n vi_fw-la c._n c._n 14_o 15_o etc._n etc._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v not_o yet_o the_o ill_a use_n which_o two_n or_o three_o prodigy_n of_o man_n and_o their_o parasite_n have_v make_v of_o they_o for_o we_o read_v but_o of_o few_o exceed_v that_o number_n even_o among_o the_o domitian_n and_o pagan_a emperor_n who_o prevent_v those_o venerable_a monument_n of_o the_o brave_a action_n and_o be_v therefore_o note_v with_o infamy_n 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exceed_o well_o engrave_v in_o mr._n speed_n chronicle_n from_o the_o coin_n themselves_o collect_v by_o sir_n robert_n cotton_n and_o now_o augment_v and_o improve_v in_o the_o new_a edition_n of_o camden_n without_o reverse_n shield_n or_o inscription_n beside_o perchance_o a_o rude_a cross_n name_v of_o a_o king_n and_o sometime_o of_o the_o mint_n with_o that_o vulgar_a sentence_n dieu_n &_o mon_fw-fr droit_n in_o use_n till_o king_n james_n the_o first_o and_o the_o union_n with_o scotland_n make_v some_o little_a alteration_n none_o of_o which_o be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o or_o consider_v as_o medal_n but_o as_o money_n only_o my_o worthy_a and_o learned_a friend_n x._o friend_n nat._n hist._n cap._n x._o dr._n plot_n tell_v we_o of_o a_o coin_n or_o token_n rather_o bear_v the_o head_n of_o edward_n confessor_n somewhere_o find_v in_o his_o perambulation_n of_o oxfordshire_n which_o by_o a_o hole_n or_o appendant_a ring_n he_o conjecture_n to_o have_v be_v give_v to_o wear_v 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etc._n etc._n justify_v as_o well_o his_o title_n to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o sovereignty_n of_o france_n this_o medal_n for_o so_o i_o call_v it_o though_o it_o also_o pass_v for_o money_n be_v pure_o historical_a appear_v to_o have_v be_v strike_v about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n between_o that_o glorious_a monarch_n and_o king_n john_n of_o france_n in_o behalf_n of_o themselves_o and_o their_o elder_a son_n namely_o edward_n the_o black_a prince_n and_z charles_n duke_n of_o normandy_n the_o french_a king_n be_v prisoner_n this_o treaty_n date_v the_o 8_o of_o may_n an._n 1360._o near_a charter_n in_o britain_n be_v confirm_v at_o calais_n in_o picardy_n whereupon_o hostage_n be_v give_v we_o by_o the_o french_a king_n who_o be_v himself_o oblige_v to_o come_v in_o person_n and_o pay_v the_o ransom_n we_o have_v former_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o medal_n follow_v medal_n 1._o edw●rd_n di._n gr●_n rex_fw-la ●ngl_n z_o fr●n_n dn_n ib_n reverse_n a_o rose_n whence_o also_o call_v the_o rose_n noble_a with_o many_o ray_n extend_v to_o four_o lion_n passant_a over_o they_o a_o ducal_z coronet_n and_o as_o many_o flour_n de_fw-fr lie_v in_o a_o compartment_n of_o eight_o goderoon_n inscribe_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o some_o interpret_v enigmatical_o of_o the_o secret_a of_o the_o famous_a elixir_n by_o which_o the_o gold_n be_v make_v other_o for_o a_o amulet_n superstitious_o apply_v the_o word_n of_o the_o gospel_n which_o tender_v the_o wearer_n thereof_o invulnerable_a but_o this_o remark_n be_v obvious_a that_o we_o find_v no_o such_o pretence_n by_o any_o authentic_a medal_n or_o claim_n of_o the_o french_a king_n or_o of_o any_o other_o potentate_n that_o stamp_n in_o the_o late_a wapen_fw-mi or_o arm_n of_o zealand_n be_v nothing_o to_o this_o purpose_n as_o import_v only_o the_o situation_n of_o those_o few_o island_n concern_v which_o and_o of_o all_o that_o be_v say_v
of_o allectus_n to_o corroborate_v our_o claim_n and_o ancient_a right_n see_v the_o learned_a selden_n mare_n clausum_fw-la lib._n ii_o cap._n 25._o there_o be_v another_o of_o henry_n v._o and_o queen_n mary_n of_o less_o value_n which_o likewise_o bear_v the_o same_o shield_n and_o a_o cross_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o ship_n reverse_n st._n michael_n and_o the_o dragon_n but_o neither_o of_o these_o or_o of_o the_o former_a have_v i_o see_v in_o silver_n there_o be_v also_o golden_a money_n stamp_v at_o paris_n and_o in_o normandy_n by_o the_o same_o henry_n bear_v the_o angel_n salutation_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n but_o for_o that_o they_o contain_v nothing_o of_o medal_n i_o pass_v they_o over_o another_o goodly_a medal_n of_o the_o same_o metal_n as_o i_o be_o assure_v but_o have_v not_o see_v and_o of_o considerable_a value_n bear_v the_o effigy_n of_o king_n henry_n gold_n henry_n who_o first_o 〈◊〉_d the_o arm_n of_o france_n in_o silver_n as_o ed._n iii_o do_v in_o gold_n vii_o and_o his_o queen_n join_v hand_n with_o this_o verse_n jungimus_fw-la optatas_fw-la sub_fw-la amico_fw-la saedere_fw-la dextras_fw-la the_o reverse_n be_v not_o tell_v i_o medal_n ii_o his_o son_n and_o successor_n effigy_n half_o face_v which_o be_v neither_o usual_a in_o his_o coin_n or_o picture_n arm_v in_o bust_v a_o flat_a bonnet_n on_o his_o head_n a_o ducal_z coronet_n in_o a_o void_a place_n behind_o henricus_fw-la viii_o angelo_fw-mi fran._n et_fw-la hib_n rex_fw-la reverse_n a_o pensile_a cataracta_fw-la or_o portcluse_n and_o coronet_n between_o the_o chain_n securitas_fw-la altera_fw-la with_o relation_n to_o his_o lock_v up_o the_o sea_n as_o be_v also_o afterward_o on_o the_o coin_n make_v for_o the_o east-india_n company_n this_o medalion_n be_v stamp_v both_o in_o gold_n and_o silver_n at_o what_o time_n henry_n have_v the_o emperor_n maximilian_n in_o pay_n and_o militate_v under_o his_o banner_n belg._n henricut_fw-la barlandus_n in_o chron._n belg._n at_o the_o take_n of_o tournay_n from_o lewis_n xii_o of_o france_n ann._n 1513._o as_o the_o whole_a triumph_n be_v incomparable_o set_v forth_o in_o that_o inestimable_a paint_n of_o hans_n holbein_n still_o fresh_a and_o at_o large_a among_o his_o majesty_n picture_n at_o whitehall_n of_o the_o same_o date_n we_o find_v another_o of_o james_n iv_o of_o scotland_n medal_n iii_o with_o his_o effigy_n in_o bust_v arm_v about_o he_o the_o order_n of_o st._n michael_n crown_v with_o a_o crown_n of_o two_o bar_n jacobus_fw-la four_o dei._n gratia_n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la reverse_n a_o doric_a column_n upon_o a_o bank_n or_o rock_n near_o the_o sea_n have_v on_o its_o capitol_n a_o janus_n or_o two-headed_a figure_n twine_v with_o laurel_n regard_v opposite_a cape_n or_o promontory_n jet_v into_o the_o sea_n over_o the_o biceps_fw-la vtrunqve_n which_o medal_n be_v it_o seem_v coin_v in_o that_o fatal_a year_n this_o young_a prince_n be_v together_o with_o a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o scotish_n nobility_n slay_v invade_v england_n during_o the_o absence_n of_o our_o henry_n then_o upon_o that_o famous_a expedition_n abovementioned_a a_o four_o be_v indeed_o that_o true_o remarkable_a one_o be_v a_o medalion_n with_o the_o effigy_n of_o henry_n half-faced_a in_o his_o usual_a bonnet_n fur_v gown_n and_o invaluable_a collar_n of_o ruby_n sell_v since_o abroad_o to_o give_v the_o royal_a family_n bread_n medal_n iu._n the_o legenda_fw-la take_v up_o a_o double_a circle_n henricus_fw-la octa_n angliae_fw-la franc._n et_fw-la hib_n rex_fw-la fidei_fw-la defensor_fw-la et_fw-la in_o the_o second_o inner_a circle_n in._n terr._n eccle_n angli_fw-la et_fw-la hib_n sub._n christ_n caput_fw-la supremum_fw-la note_v that_o the_o circle_n make_v into_o four_o equal_a part_n have_v the_o rose_n portcluse_n fleur-de-lys_n and_o harp_n crown_v reverse_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d londini_fw-la 1545._o i_o omit_v the_o henry_n noble_a little_a different_a from_o that_o of_o 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to_o the_o history_n of_o his_o short_a reign_n vi_o queen_n marry_o of_o q._n mary_n there_o be_v a_o very_a large_a medalion_n strike_v upon_o she_o restore_v the_o roman_a religion_n her_o head_n be_v dress_v in_o plain_a coiffure_n as_o she_o be_v common_o paint_v with_o a_o lace_n or_o fillet_n set_v with_o pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n inscribe_v maria_z i._o reg._n angl_n franc._n et_fw-la hib_n fidei_fw-la defensatrix_fw-la reverse_n represent_v peace_n with_o a_o radiant_a crown_n half-sitting_a on_o a_o curule-chair_n and_o kneel_v on_o a_o cube_n in_o her_o right_a hand_n a_o torch_n set_v fire_n to_o a_o heap_n of_o arm_n and_o trophy_n before_o a_o temple_n à_fw-fr l'_fw-fr antique_a in_o her_o left_a branch_n of_o palm_n and_o laurel_n as_o deliver_v several_a people_n out_o of_o a_o dungeon_n cover_v with_o smoke_n and_o flame_n under_o which_o run_v a_o stream_n of_o water_n it_o be_v suppose_v in_o allusion_n to_o that_o of_o psal._n lxv_o transivimus_fw-la per_fw-la ignem_fw-la &_o aquam_fw-la &_o eduxisti_fw-la nos_fw-la in_o refrigerium_fw-la which_o the_o doctor_n of_o that_o church_n usual_o apply_v to_o purgatory_n cecis_fw-la visus_fw-la timidis_n qvy_n this_o medalion_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v stamp_v ann._n 1553._o soon_o after_o the_o defeat_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o northumberland_n and_o the_o rise_n in_o suffolk_n upon_o which_o follow_v her_o coronation_n and_o at_o which_o solemnity_n there_o be_v scatter_v rial_n of_o broad_a gold_n the_o queen_n vest_v in_o the_o regalia_z and_o enthrone_v vii_o maria_fw-la d._n g._n angelo_fw-mi fra._n z._n hib_n regina_fw-la m.d.liii_o about_o the_o reverse_n which_o be_v a_o plain_a escutcheon_n of_o the_o arm_n of_o england_n and_o france_n quarter_v and_o place_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o a_o rose_n full_o blow_v a._n dno_fw-la factum_fw-la est._n istud_n z._n est._n mira_n in._n ocul_n nris_fw-la there_o be_v of_o this_o queen_n divers_a coin_n of_o money_n wherein_o she_o be_v join_v with_o her_o husband_n philip_n two_o in_o some_o whereof_o he_o have_v the_o title_n of_o angliae_fw-la rex_fw-la the_o reverse_n bellerophon_n kill_v the_o chimaera_n represent_v the_o suppression_n of_o the_o western_a insurrection_n of_o wyatt_n and_o carew_n ann._n 1554._o as_o also_o that_o of_o st._n quintin_n ann._n 1557._o the_o angelot_n of_o this_o queen_n bear_v the_o arm_n of_o england_n quarter_v with_o france_n the_o shield_n fix_v to_o a_o cross_n erect_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o ship_n at_o sea_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o cross_n m●_n 58._o the_o reverse_n michael_n and_o the_o dragon_n queen_n elizabeth_z during_o the_o long_a prosperous_a and_o prudent_a reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n i_o find_v very_o few_o medal_n at_o which_o i_o the_o more_o wonder_n when_o i_o consider_v how_o many_o famous_a exploit_n and_o signal_n passage_n the_o history_n of_o her_o life_n be_v full_a of_o the_o very_a first_o which_o i_o have_v see_v and_o that_o i_o think_v may_v proper_o come_v into_o this_o recension_n as_o it_o concern_v the_o story_n of_o that_o renown_a queen_n be_v a_o medal_n of_o mary_n queen_n of_o scotland_n 1588._o and_o her_o husband_n who_o effigy_n be_v face_n to_o face_n a_o crown_n between_o they_o viii_o fran._n et_fw-la mar._n d._n g._n r._n r._n scotor_n delphin_n vien_fw-it reverse_n assume_v the_o arm_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n in_o another_o which_o i_o can_v never_o light_v on_o those_o of_o the_o dolphin_n 1._o camden_n annal_n l._n 1._o which_o be_v lay_v as_o a_o capital_a crime_n to_o the_o charge_n of_o that_o unfortunate_a lady_n another_o with_o those_o of_o france_n and_o scotland_n only_o and_o a_o reverse_n of_o the_o initial_a letter_n of_o their_o name_n etc._n etc._n with_o these_o word_n vicit_fw-la leo_fw-la de_fw-la tribu_fw-la juda_n 1560._o which_o because_o they_o little_o concern_v we_o i_o may_v pretermit_v the_o other_o be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o q._n elizabeth_n enter_v
sculptor_n nay_o the_o whole_a mystery_n of_o engrave_v make_v and_o temper_v of_o the_o stamp_n and_o die_v with_o the_o impressive_a engine_n mechanical_o describe_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr phelibien_fw-fr in_o his_o principle_n of_o architecture_n and_o sculpture_n to_o which_o accurate_a piece_n i_o recommend_v the_o curious_a chap._n vii_o of_o mint_n and_o of_o the_o most_o skilful_a artist_n author_n collector_n and_o collection_n how_o to_o methodize_v and_o dispose_v of_o medal_n for_o the_o cabinet_n and_o library_n with_o some_o reflection_n on_o the_o modern_a clip_v and_o diminution_n of_o coin_n among_o the_o many_o admirable_a and_o useful_a invention_n of_o the_o ancient_n the_o loss_n of_o the_o mechanical_a part_n of_o the_o mint_n be_v to_o be_v deplore_v but_o more_o that_o since_o the_o break_n in_o of_o those_o barbarous_a people_n who_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o loss_n and_o of_o that_o glorious_a empire_n it_o be_v not_o restore_v to_o any_o tolerable_a form_n or_o regulation_n by_o any_o more_o honest_a and_o skilful_a undertaker_n than_o such_o as_o be_v first_o employ_v about_o the_o money_n especial_o in_o these_o northern_a part_n and_o here_o in_o england_n at_o that_o time_n so_o little_a polish_a and_o so_o very_o ignorant_a as_o not_o to_o discern_v how_o great_o they_o be_v abuse_v and_o impose_v on_o whilst_o they_o total_o commit_v the_o coinage_n and_o management_n of_o the_o mint_n to_o certain_a cunning_n and_o avaritious_a jew_n genoeses_n and_o crafty_a italian_n not_o at_o all_o inferior_a to_o the_o jew_n in_o all_o the_o art_n of_o knavery_n and_o dishonest_a gain_n it_o be_v by_o these_o that_o prince_n be_v universal_o circumvent_v and_o under_o pretence_n of_o bring_v vast_a advantage_n to_o the_o public_a persuade_v to_o admit_v of_o these_o many_o alteration_n debasement_n of_o the_o species_n and_o advancement_n of_o the_o coin_n above_o its_o genuine_a and_o universal_a value_n which_o never_o end_v without_o the_o loss_n impoverishment_n and_o ruin_n of_o their_o subject_n whilst_o those_o miscreant_n grow_v excessive_o rich_a by_o their_o fraud_n and_o extortion_n it_o must_v therefore_o be_v confess_v that_o we_o know_v little_o more_o of_o the_o ancient_a mint_n greek_a or_o roman_a than_o that_o every_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o province_n have_v common_o their_o respective_a mint_n and_o some_o of_o they_o two_o or_o three_o as_o of_o ii_o iii_o four_o etc._n etc._n beside_o other_o peculiar_a mark_n for_o those_o of_o old_a the_o place_n of_o minting_n we_o frequent_o find_v in_o the_o circular_a inscription_n at_o large_a e._n g._n in_o that_o of_o m._n antoninus_n lugduni_fw-la and_o in_o the_o exerg_n p._n or_o s._n tr._n signata_fw-la or_o percussa_fw-la treveris_fw-la p._n ar._n arles_n as_o in_o one_o of_o helena_n mother_n of_o constantine_n con._n ob._n constantinopoli_fw-it obsignata_fw-la m.s._n ant._n antioch_n with_o the_o numeral_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o like_a of_o other_o great_a city_n as_o of_o the_o latin_a md._n ps_n mediolani_n percussa_fw-la and_o many_o beside_o which_o though_o carry_v on_o they_o the_o name_n of_o spain_n germany_n egypt_n arabia_n and_o other_o remote_a place_n may_v yet_o for_o all_o that_o be_v roman_a coin_n and_o medal_n not_o seldom_o bear_v the_o figure_n or_o symbolum_n represent_v the_o province_n as_o that_o of_o the_o coney_n do_v spain_n which_o the_o learned_a bochartus_n derive_v from_o saphan_n in_o the_o phoenician_n tongue_n to_o signify_v that_o little_a animal_n abound_v in_o that_o country_n these_o monetariae_fw-la officinae_fw-la have_v their_o praefecti_fw-la aerarii_fw-la institute_v by_o augustus_n quaestor_n treasurer_n and_o other_o officer_n belong_v to_o they_o but_o the_o great_a and_o paramount_n superintendent_n magistrate_n of_o they_o all_o be_v the_o triumvir_n master_n indeed_o of_o the_o mint_n and_o of_o all_o the_o flandi_fw-la feriundi_fw-la periti_fw-la have_v the_o sole_a fabrication_n of_o all_o the_o three_o metal_n and_o be_v of_o such_o high_a authority_n that_o he_o frequent_o stamp_a money_n and_o medal_n bear_v his_o own_o head_n and_o effigy_n name_n and_o title_n like_o a_o king_n but_o this_o privilege_n be_v exceed_o abate_v by_o that_o emperor_n who_o after_o he_o have_v divide_v the_o government_n of_o the_o province_n between_o he_o and_o the_o senate_n leave_v to_o they_o the_o coin_n of_o copper_n only_o reserve_v that_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n as_o royal_a metal_n to_o himself_o wherefore_o very_o rare_o or_o never_o find_v we_o any_o of_o their_o name_n after_o tiberius_n though_o the_o roman_a coin_n be_v a_o long_a time_n after_o current_n here_o those_o of_o silver_n therefore_o in_o which_o we_o sometime_o meet_v the_o triumvir_n s.c._n or_o in_o those_o copper_n with_o trib_o potest_fw-la etc._n etc._n we_o may_v look_v upon_o as_o strike_v before_o augustus_n time_n the_o like_a office_n we_o be_v tell_v by_o cambden_n be_v settle_v here_o at_o london_n by_o the_o great_a constantine_n who_o as_o appear_v coin_v money_n in_o the_o city_n in_o honour_n of_o his_o father_n p._n land_n s._n pecunia_fw-la londini_fw-la signata_fw-la or_o p.l.n._n under_o the_o comes_fw-la largitionum_fw-la together_o with_o the_o glorious_a title_n of_o praepositus_fw-la thesaur_n augustensium_fw-la in_o britannia_fw-la since_o the_o decadency_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o ancient_a money_n bear_v ordinary_o the_o prince_n head_n sometime_o his_o name_n only_o and_o upon_o the_o reverse_n a_o blunt_a cross_n or_o like_a figure_n with_o notice_n of_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v coin_v and_o in_o other_o the_o name_n of_o the_o monetarie_a and_o none_o else_o triumvir-like_a very_o frequent_a in_o our_o saxon_a coin_n and_o those_o of_o the_o frank_n with_o sometime_o a_o i_o fecit_fw-la which_o perhaps_o may_v be_v that_o of_o the_o grave_a procopius_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n do_v not_o set_v their_o picture_n at_o all_o upon_o their_o money_n till_o they_o have_v first_o obtain_v leave_v of_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n though_o le_fw-fr blanc_n deny_v it_o and_o even_o with_o we_o when_o most_o of_o the_o great_a and_o considerable_a payment_n be_v make_v honest_o that_o be_v by_o weight_n it_o be_v without_o any_o head_n or_o effigy_n whether_o gold_n or_o silver_n as_o in_o france_n where_o they_o still_o employ_v divers_a mint_n capital_a letter_n a._n b._n c._n etc._n etc._n without_o alter_v the_o inscription_n show_v the_o place_n of_o coin_v as_o paris_n lion_n tholouse_n aix_n amiens_n nants_n bourdeaux_n poitiers_n etc._n etc._n in_o like_a manner_n with_o we_o in_o england_n there_o be_v divers_a country_n and_o city_n beside_o london_n where_o money_n be_v stamp_v some_o upon_o occasion_n for_o a_o time_n only_o other_o that_o have_v ius_n monetae_fw-la by_o peculiar_a privilege_n we_o have_v a_o considerable_a mint_n at_o calais_n in_o picardy_n and_o in_o some_o place_n more_o than_o one_o for_o london_n have_v no_o few_o than_o eight_o canterbury_n as_o many_o within_o one_o five_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n the_o other_o to_o the_o archbishop_n and_o abbot_n rochester_n have_v three_o two_o the_o king_n one_o the_o prelate_n dover_n reculver_n in_o kent_n in_o essex_n chichester_n lewes_n hastings_n one._n york_n wallingford_n ipswich_n shaftsbury_n shrewsbury_n derby_n leicester_n worcester_n lincoln_n norwich_n exeter_n chester_n etc._n etc._n and_o as_o cowell_n tell_v we_o there_o be_v mint_n erect_v all_o over_o the_o kingdom_n and_o wherever_o the_o king_n council_n think_v convenient_a for_o those_o numerous_a fabric_n be_v always_o very_o chargeable_a and_o high_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o public_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o corruption_n and_o therefore_o wise_a prince_n restrain_v they_o to_o as_o few_o and_o as_o soon_o as_o possible_o they_o can_v king_n charles_n the_o first_o coin_v indeed_o both_o at_o oxford_n newark_n shrewsbury_n and_o i_o think_v at_o york_n and_o pontfract_n but_o it_o be_v in_o case_n of_o necessity_n whilst_o the_o stand_a mother-mint_n be_v and_o still_o continue_v at_o the_o tower_n where_o yet_o no_o gold_n have_v be_v stamp_v before_o edward_n the_o three_o some_o affirm_v he_o to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o who_o coin_v groat_n though_o small_a piece_n be_v in_o use_n since_o henry_n the_o first_o and_o afterward_o halfpence_n and_o farthing_n of_o which_o and_o all_o other_o obsolete_a small_a and_o wretched_o mint_v coin_n british_a saxon_a danish_a etc._n etc._n see_v the_o note_n before_o cambden_n already_o mention_v and_o what_o we_o find_v in_o his_o remain_n concern_v our_o mint_n at_o present_a in_o the_o tower_n the_o author_n of_o england_n notitia_fw-la give_v a_o particular_a account_n and_o of_o the_o several_a officer_n and_o establishment_n there_o together_o with_o their_o salary_n very_o accurate_o as_o i_o believe_v which_o as_o to_o the_o matter_n i_o have_v somewhere_o read_v be_v heretofore_o a_o certain_a portion_n of_o the_o
again_o among_o we_o menace_v a_o no_o less_o total_a subversion_n than_o what_o let_v into_o europe_n that_o inundation_n of_o saracen_n turk_n goth_n and_o other_o barbarous_a people_n be_v melancholy_a prospect_n let_v we_o but_o compare_v the_o time_n period_n and_o revolution_n present_a schism_n and_o other_o circumstance_n of_o this_o degenerate_a fanatic_a and_o self-interessed_a age_n and_o how_o little_a of_o generous_a and_o public_a spirit_n moral_a probity_n sober_a bravery_n and_o true_a christian_a there_o be_v among_o we_o with_o the_o cause_n and_o accident_n of_o those_o desolation_n in_o the_o eastern_a world_n subject_a to_o that_o once_o glorious_a empire_n and_o see_v if_o ever_o any_o age_n do_v more_o resemble_v it_o and_o whether_o something_o like_v to_o turcism_n beside_o coffee_n do_v not_o at_o last_o emerge_n and_o spring_n from_o this_o cataclysis_n and_o medley_n of_o opinion_n abound_v among_o we_o and_o no_o religion_n not_o let_v we_o imagine_v or_o flatter_v ourselves_o with_o a_o impossibility_n of_o fall_v into_o the_o like_a circumstance_n those_o who_o live_v in_o those_o yet_o flourish_a country_n and_o bright_a day_n among_o the_o most_o polish_a greek_n doubtless_o as_o little_a dream_v it_o possible_a that_o the_o successor_n of_o the_o paaeologi_fw-la cantacuzeni_fw-la noble_a and_o high-born_a porphyrogeneti_n shall_v from_o their_o illustrious_a race_n heir_n of_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n literal_o now_o be_v keep_v sheep_n and_o feed_v camel_n in_o barren_a and_o sandy_a desert_n that_o the_o whole_a posterity_n of_o that_o once_o proud_a and_o conquer_a people_n shall_v lose_v both_o their_o religion_n country_n law_n liberty_n ease_n and_o splendour_n nay_o their_o very_a language_n and_o native_a tongue_n the_o most_o learned_a copious_a and_o universal_a under_o heaven_n in_o far_o short_a time_n than_o any_o nation_n we_o ever_o read_v or_o i_o think_v hear_v of_o under_o it_o nor_o be_o i_o much_o depart_v from_o my_o text_n by_o this_o preachment_n or_o prophecy_n call_v it_o which_o you_o please_v whilst_o i_o show_v what_o dreadful_a confusion_n natural_o flow_v from_o and_o attend_v the_o supine_n negligence_n of_o so_o long_o suffer_v this_o diminution_n of_o our_o treasure_n which_o a_o more_o timely_a care_n and_o thought_n may_v have_v prevent_v and_o extreme_a difficulty_n of_o redress_v and_o recover_v it_o to_o its_o pristine_a course_n and_o value_v obsta_fw-la principiis_fw-la be_v as_o infallible_a a_o aphorism_n for_o heal_v of_o the_o body_n politic_a as_o any_o in_o hypocrates_n for_o the_o natural_a the_o most_o dangerous_a evil_n creep_v now_o and_o then_o insensible_o when_o if_o neglect_v they_o oft_o become_v irremediable_a or_o desperate_a the_o source_n of_o we_o be_v obvious_a concisum_fw-la argentum_fw-la in_o titulos_fw-la with_o other_o concurrent_a circumstance_n fourteen_o juu._n sat._n fourteen_o and_o if_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o athenian_a state_n be_v foretold_v because_o the_o rat_n have_v gnaw_v and_o eat_v plato_n commonwealth_n what_o may_v these_o vermin_n clipper_n corroders_n regrater_n and_o vile_a perverter_n of_o the_o riches_n and_o vital_a substance_n not_o of_o a_o ideal_o but_o of_o a_o real_a commonwealth_n and_o kingdom_n fore-bode_a i_o wish_v at_o least_o it_o may_v not_o prove_v a_o fatal_a indication_n among_o other_o omen_n of_o some_o surprise_a and_o public_a mischief_n if_o not_o prevent_v for_o the_o future_a by_o some_o speedy_a and_o effectual_a course_n for_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o coin_v re-coin_n and_o make_v good_a the_o faulty_a without_o future_a caution_n and_o sanction_n inviolable_a in_o order_n to_o this_o i_o be_v glad_a to_o find_v that_o so_o many_o able_a person_n have_v by_o the_o prudence_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o treasury_n be_v encourage_v to_o take_v this_o article_n into_o their_o serious_a thought_n and_o by_o the_o search_n and_o recital_n of_o many_o ancient_a and_o pertinent_a record_n we_o shall_v hardly_o ever_o have_v else_o inspect_v give_v we_o the_o etc._n the_o by_o mr._n lounds_o out_o of_o the_o red_a book_n exchequer_n see_v judge_n hales_n be_v sheriff_n account_n etc._n etc._n history_n of_o our_o mint_n and_o coin_n whilst_o though_o i_o own_o the_o great_a satisfaction_n i_o receive_v in_o read_v their_o judicious_a remark_n i_o must_v at_o the_o same_o time_n acknowledge_v that_o i_o always_o wish_v there_o may_v some_o expedient_a be_v find_v which_o may_v if_o possible_a supply_v the_o necessity_n of_o alter_v the_o value_n and_o estimation_n of_o the_o species_n beyond_o its_o intrinsic_n worth_n which_o have_v as_o i_o have_v show_v in_o all_o age_n and_o exigence_n prove_v so_o mischievous_a in_o the_o event_n in_o short_a whatever_o pretend_v to_o add_v or_o detract_v from_o the_o value_n of_o money_n must_v of_o necessity_n influence_n and_o insensible_o affect_v all_o that_o be_v necessary_a not_o only_o to_o the_o well-being_n but_o to_o the_o very_a form_n and_o essence_n of_o a_o kingdom_n all_o pact_n and_o covenant_n bargain_n obligation_n estate_n rent_n good_n credit_n and_o correspondence_n whatsoever_o become_v dubious_a and_o uncertain_a must_v sink_v and_o be_v at_o a_o end_n if_o once_o people_n want_v wherewith_o to_o purchase_v bread_n which_o include_v and_o comprehend_v all_o other_o necessary_n the_o fisque_n and_o public_a treasure_n supply_v by_o the_o people_n suffer_v in_o all_o its_o branch_n and_o relation_n as_o the_o most_o flourish_a tree_n do_v from_o its_o wither_a and_o dry_v up_o root_n and_o that_o state_n and_o nation_n become_v defenceless_a and_o a_o prey-let_a france_n as_o formidable_a as_o now_o it_o seem_v be_v instance_n in_o the_o often_o name_v philip_n the_o fair_n reign_n when_o it_o lay_v so_o dangerous_o expose_v it_o be_v true_a that_o of_o early_a day_n even_o here_o in_o england_n such_o thing_n have_v be_v do_v richard_n the_o first_o corrupt_v the_o coin_n almost_o six_o hundred_o year_n since_o and_o that_o after_o henry_n the_o second_o the_o first_o edward_n a_o wise_a and_o prudent_a king_n have_v in_o good_a measure_n fix_v the_o standard_n and_o settle_a uniformity_n of_o money_n and_o that_o noble_a and_o renown_a prince_n edward_n iii_o state_v its_o value_n do_v raise_v it_o also_o aliquousque_fw-la and_o that_o it_o have_v since_o frequent_o be_v vitiate_a especial_o by_o the_o incontinent_a king_n henry_n the_o eight_o but_o all_o this_o while_n to_o the_o infinite_a detriment_n and_o dishonour_n of_o the_o nation_n until_o as_o we_o show_v that_o fortunate_a and_o well-consulted_n princess_n elizabeth_n entire_o restore_v it_o to_o its_o genuine_a value_n and_o ancient_a dignity_n and_o here_o again_o it_o be_v worthy_a remark_n that_o the_o most_o prosperous_a and_o glorious_a potentate_n and_o most_o belove_a be_v even_o those_o who_o take_v the_o great_a care_n to_o preserve_v the_o species_n chaste_a and_o 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which_o a_o small_a boss-nail_n of_o silver_n be_v strike_v in_o the_o
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especial_o belong_v divers_a of_o who_o ancestor_n be_v find_v in_o the_o bordure_n of_o those_o rich_a and_o well_o design_v piece_n shall_v for_o about_o this_o hundred_o year_n past_a neglect_v the_o have_v they_o so_o much_o as_o accurate_o copied-out_a and_o publish_a by_o some_o skilful_a graver_n but_o much_o more_o that_o they_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v paint_v in_o their_o full_a dimension_n in_o the_o gallery_n and_o rome_n of_o state_n of_o those_o noble_a person_n builder_n for_o magnificence_n etc._n etc._n instead_o of_o idle_a metamorphosis_n and_o other_o fiction_n and_o fruitless_a story_n as_o have_v of_o late_o profane_v the_o wall_n of_o so_o many_o ample_a apartment_n certain_o we_o may_v select_v as_o choice_n and_o noble_a subject_n perform_v by_o our_o own_o nation_n and_o in_o which_o none_o be_v so_o much_o concern_v as_o the_o progenitor_n of_o our_o nobility_n to_o decorate_v and_o adorn●_n their_o court_n and_o palace_n they_o will_v therefore_o pardon_v this_o zeal_n and_o occasional_a excursion_n
instrument_n and_o workman_n follow_v which_o call_v to_o mind_n how_o in_o almost_o the_o like_a circumstance_n the_o late_a french_a king_n lewis_n xiii_o do_v not_o think_v his_o mint_n secure_a from_o these_o wicked_a practice_n until_o he_o have_v house_v it_o in_o the_o lovure_n which_o that_o great_a and_o worthy_a minister_n and_o virtuoso_fw-la mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr noyer_n place_v in_o the_o same_o apartment_n with_o the_o royal_a printing-house_n that_o as_o my_o freart_n my_o mounseur_fw-fr freart_n author_n add_v he_o may_v ally_n together_o two_o of_o the_o most_o universal_a and_o most_o permanent_a monument_n of_o king_n book_n and_o money_n spread_v themselves_o over_o all_o nation_n and_o remain_v for_o many_o age_n the_o excessive_a abuse_n find_v in_o the_o year_n 1635_o and_o 39_o both_o in_o the_o title_n and_o weight_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o coin_n as_o well_o of_o several_a other_o country_n as_o france_n which_o have_v be_v change_v or_o destroy_v stand_v in_o need_n of_o timely_a reformation_n nor_o be_v it_o possible_a to_o remedy_v it_o on_o the_o sudden_a without_o put_v commerce_n into_o very_o great_a disorder_n and_o be_v therefore_o for_o a_o while_n connive_v at_o but_o as_o this_o dexterous_a and_o public-spirited_a statesman_n order_v it_o he_o well_o know_v how_o to_o derive_v the_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o people_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n by_o politic_o permit_v and_o indeed_o authorise_v the_o abuse_n which_o can_v not_o else_o have_v be_v so_o easy_o encounter_v whilst_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o invite_v those_o of_o all_o the_o neighbour_a country_n and_o state_n in_o hope_n of_o gain_n to_o transport_v into_o france_n all_o their_o light_a gold_n and_o silver_n which_o they_o have_v and_o which_o remain_v there_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o be_v decry_v a_o few_o month_n after_o bear_v now_o the_o arm_n of_o france_n and_o effigy_n of_o lewis_n le_fw-fr justiniano_n by_o that_o noble_a conversion_n which_o he_o order_v to_o be_v make_v of_o it_o whilst_o this_o strange_a matter_n be_v unite_v to_o we_o he_o also_o seek_v out_o and_o discover_v prompt_a and_o easy_a expedient_n of_o give_v it_o that_o excellent_a form_n which_o since_o it_o bear_v cure_v at_o the_o same_o instant_n and_o by_o the_o same_o remedy_n both_o the_o present_a inconvenience_n and_o that_o to_o come_v thus_o we_o see_v that_o its_o just_a and_o equal_a roundness_n the_o grenetis_fw-gr which_o be_v about_o it_o and_o the_o politure_n which_o be_v on_o the_o flat_a of_o every_o piece_n not_o only_o defend_v it_o from_o the_o clip_v the_o file_n and_o operation_n of_o strong-water_n but_o even_o render_v its_o imitation_n in_o a_o manner_n impossible_a to_o our_o false_a coiner_n so_o as_o we_o may_v affirm_v of_o this_o money_n that_o it_o be_v the_o most_o artist_o contrive_v and_o the_o most_o commodious_a that_o be_v ever_o use_v in_o commerce_n there_o be_v stamp_v in_o less_o than_o four_o year_n time_n above_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o million_o and_o that_o after_o fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o year_n that_o the_o war_n have_v last_v and_o the_o kingdom_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v utter_o exhaust_v etc._n etc._n perhaps_o this_o passage_n of_o which_o i_o give_v account_n more_o than_o thirty_o year_n since_o in_o a_o dedication_n to_o his_o late_a majesty_n charles_n ii_o might_n have_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o instance_n be_v so_o pregnant_a and_o so_o like_o our_o present_a case_n but_o as_o some_o king_n and_o emperor_n be_v famous_a for_o their_o care_n in_o reform_v these_o abuse_n aurelianus_n call_v in_o all_o the_o counterfeit_n money_n and_o give_v out_o new_a to_o obviate_v the_o grow_a mischief_n and_o confusion_n so_o there_o be_v other_o as_o infamous_a for_o their_o not_o only_o neglect_v it_o but_o for_o do_v worse_o in_o not_o only_o connive_v at_o they_o but_o who_o do_v themselves_o vitiate_v and_o debase_v their_o own_o coin_n such_o of_o old_a among_o the_o roman_n after_o the_o age_n of_o commodus_n who_o excess_n have_v so_o debauch_v the_o people_n be_v those_o from_o gordian_a to_o the_o posthumi_n when_o they_o begin_v to_o pervert_v the_o standard_n which_o so_o long_o as_o that_o wise_a and_o glorious_a empire_n religious_o maintain_v it_o in_o all_o its_o purity_n factos_fw-la nat._n hist._n lib._n vi_o c_o 22._o quod_fw-la pares_fw-la pondere_fw-la denarii_fw-la essent_fw-la in_o ●●ptiva_fw-la pecunia_fw-la cum_fw-la diversae_fw-la imagine_v indicarent_fw-la à_fw-la pluribus_fw-la factos_fw-la do_v infinite_o prosper_v so_o as_o pliny_n speak_v of_o the_o island_n of_o taprobane_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o most_o barbarous_a nation_n at_o vast_a distance_n hold_v friendly_a commerce_n and_o correspondence_n with_o the_o roman_n look_v upon_o they_o as_o just_a and_o worthy_a people_n from_o the_o constant_a value_n goodness_n and_o integrity_n of_o their_o money_n but_o no_o soon_o do_v they_o once_o give_v way_n to_o the_o adulteration_n or_o raise_n of_o their_o money_n beyond_o its_o real_a worth_n but_o the_o government_n itself_o grow_v degenerate_a and_o soon_o fall_v after_o it_o nor_o be_v there_o a_o more_o fatal_a symptom_n of_o consumption_n in_o a_o state_n than_o the_o corruption_n and_o diminution_n of_o the_o coin_n under_o which_o denomination_n i_o comprehend_v all_o other_o practice_n on_o the_o species_n however_o dignify_v by_o name_n and_o character_n the_o very_a truth_n be_v to_o put_v a_o king_n title_n or_o effigy_n to_o unweighty_a money_n and_o not_o of_o authentic_a value_n be_v as_o we_o say_v to_o render_v the_o prince_n himself_o a_o faux_n monoyeur_fw-fr or_o as_o the_o learned_a 21._o learned_a recher_n l_o vi._n c._n 21._o pasquier_n expression_n be_v donner_fw-fr un_fw-fr souflet_fw-fr au_fw-fr roy_fw-fr and_o bouffet_v majesty_n thus_o henry_n vi_o divert_v or_o pervert_v rather_o by_o the_o mean_a and_o beggarly_a shift_n of_o alchemy_n and_o other_o sophistication_n endeavour_v to_o supply_v his_o extravagance_n as_o after_o he_o another_o profuse_a henry_n of_o we_o until_o his_o renown_a daughter_n by_o more_o wholesome_a counsel_n reform_v it_o reduce_v the_o standard_n to_o the_o purity_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o but_o it_o be_v our_o first_o edward_n who_o first_o of_o all_o establish_a the_o english_a sterling_n from_o its_o ambulatory_a and_o uncertain_a motion_n and_o value_n and_o which_o all_o the_o wise_a state_n of_o christendom_n do_v imitate_v afterward_o this_o call_v to_o mind_v another_o edward_n that_o most_o hopeful_a and_o incomparable_a prince_n the_o six_o of_o that_o name_n who_o have_v as_o yet_o hardly_o arrive_v to_o the_o thirteen_o year_n of_o his_o age_n upon_o consideration_n of_o the_o miserable_a plight_v to_o which_o his_o profuse_a father_n have_v bring_v the_o coin_n take_v such_o care_n and_o pain_n to_o inform_v himself_o of_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o mint_n exchange_n and_o value_v of_o money_n and_o to_o regulate_v those_o matter_n as_o by_o turn_v over_o the_o ii_o the_o original_a in_o the_o cotton_n library_n and_o now_o publish_v in_o hist._n reformat_fw-la book_n ii_o part_v ii_o journal_n write_v in_o his_o own_o hand_n i_o find_v among_o other_o grave_n and_o serious_a remark_n he_o do_v so_o far_o exceed_v either_o the_o usual_a capacity_n or_o year_n of_o a_o age_n so_o immature_n as_o it_o reproach_n those_o who_o be_v much_o more_o advance_v mind_v nothing_o but_o trifle_v childish_a or_o vicious_a diversion_n to_o step_v a_o little_a back_n again_o to_o the_o history_n of_o these_o deprave_a custom_n abroad_o it_o be_v about_o the_o reign_n of_o charles_n the_o simple_n that_o most_o of_o the_o great_a one_o especial_o governor_n of_o province_n castle_n and_o principal_a city_n take_v on_o they_o to_o coin_n and_o look_v upon_o the_o privilege_n as_o it_o be_v hereditary_a and_o independent_a for_o so_o do_v they_o sometime_o here_o in_o england_n too_o though_o it_o last_v not_o long_o but_o the_o mischief_n become_v so_o insupportable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o corruption_n that_o when_o the_o king_n will_v have_v abrogate_a the_o cause_n of_o the_o abuse_n he_o find_v it_o so_o very_o difficult_a that_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o give_v it_o over_o and_o content_v himself_o with_o a_o small_a proportion_n to_o discharge_v the_o mintage_n and_o this_o be_v think_v not_o a_o little_a progress_n it_o be_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n evident_a as_o to_o that_o of_o france_n they_o may_v thank_v themselves_o and_o their_o perpetual_a quarrel_n with_o england_n from_o the_o very_a reign_n of_o their_o famous_a st._n lewis_n and_o above_o all_o that_o of_o philip_n the_o fair_a and_o charles_n ix_o when_o we_o endanger_v france_n as_o it_o now_o do_v we_o which_o move_v they_o to_o debase_v and_o yet_o to_o enhance_v the_o value_n of_o their_o coin_n to_o the_o unspeakable_a loss_n of_o the_o
public_a and_o dishonour_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o government_n the_o mixture_n be_v two_o thirdpart_n of_o copper_n to_o one_o of_o silver_n so_o as_o three_o denier_n of_o the_o new_a money_n be_v not_o worth_a above_o one_o of_o the_o old_a and_o the_o effect_n be_v according_o namely_o a_o universal_a decay_n of_o trade_n throughout_o the_o nation_n and_o so_o very_o odious_a be_v the_o practice_n that_o within_o little_a above_o a_o age_n past_a there_o be_v but_o a_o very_a small_a part_n of_o coin_n decry_v in_o aquitain_n the_o detriment_n be_v so_o grievous_o resent_v by_o the_o people_n that_o they_o no_o more_o compute_v from_o the_o year_n of_o the_o lord_n but_o from_o their_o decurtata_fw-la moneta_n and_o debasement_n of_o the_o coin_n what_o prodigious_a confusion_n this_o unworthy_a shift_n and_o false_a polity_n of_o raise_v and_o sink_v have_v several_a time_n wrought_v in_o spain_n and_o portugal_n notwithstanding_o all_o that_o affluence_n of_o immense_a treasure_n from_o both_o the_o indies_n the_o lamentable_a and_o astonish_a sudden_a ruin_n of_o that_o late_a formidable_a monarchy_n show_v as_o well_o as_o of_o many_o private_a person_n within_o our_o remembrance_n and_o may_v in_o great_a part_n be_v impute_v to_o it_o whilst_o their_o unsatiable_a avarice_n ambition_n cruelty_n and_o injustice_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v a_o document_n to_o other_o prince_n and_o potentate_n who_o think_v to_o establish_v their_o grandeur_n by_o indirect_a policy_n however_o for_o a_o time_n they_o seem_v to_o flourish_v and_o carry_v all_o before_o they_o but_o to_o return_v to_o those_o corrupter_n once_o more_o henry_n the_o four_o of_o france_n begin_v to_o reform_v this_o evil_a but_o soon_o they_o relapse_v until_o the_o father_n of_o the_o present_a king_n attempt_v the_o regulation_n and_o at_o last_o not_o without_o exceed_a clamour_n and_o seditious_a commotion_n hardly_o and_o with_o difficulty_n effect_v it_o we_o meet_v indeed_o with_o some_o fair_a piece_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o by_o some_o invention_n imitate_v the_o press_n which_o be_v coin_v in_o the_o jardin_n des_fw-fr estuves_n an._n 1553._o but_o it_o never_o arrive_v to_o perfection_n till_o mons._n varin_fw-mi intendant_a of_o the_o mint_n who_o i_o know_v and_o who_o be_v himself_o the_o most_o excellent_a artist_n any_o age_n since_o the_o greek_a and_o roman_a have_v i_o think_v produce_v take_v in_o hand_n and_o use_v the_o mill_n effectual_o as_o we_o have_v in_o some_o sort_n before_o witness_v those_o piece_n of_o our_o edward_n vi_o and_o his_o glorious_a sister_n queen_n elizabeth_n which_o we_o may_v esteem_v as_o medal_n and_o happy_a happy_a i_o pronounce_v that_o state_n and_o kingdom_n who_o prince_n as_o both_o these_o especial_o the_o latter_a make_v it_o their_o early_a care_n to_o preserve_v the_o standard_n intrinsical_o valuable_a by_o a_o law_n as_o sacred_a and_o inviolable_a as_o that_o of_o the_o mede_n and_o persian_n this_o le_fw-fr blanc_n himself_o acknowledge_v to_o have_v be_v do_v in_o england_n only_o of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n not_o of_o europe_n alone_o but_o of_o all_o the_o world_n beside_o and_o undoubted_o money_n which_o be_v all_o thing_n in_o power_n and_o effect_n shall_v be_v make_v as_o near_o as_o be_v possible_a of_o such_o proportion_n of_o alloy_n weight_n value_n and_o security_n from_o diminution_n as_o the_o species_n be_v worth_a in_o metal_n what_o it_o be_v pretend_v to_o be_v in_o payment_n exclusive_a to_o the_o fabric_n etc._n etc._n as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v and_z as_o when_o of_o old_a it_o be_v cut_v from_o the_o solid_a lingot_n and_o then_o let_v man_n in_o god_n name_n traffic_v free_o with_o it_o as_o with_o other_o commodity_n it_o will_v never_o prejudice_v the_o state_n where_o this_o be_v honest_o observe_v there_o will_v ever_o be_v most_o plenty_n of_o money_n and_o that_o state_n and_o kingdom_n the_o most_o flourish_a what_o people_n then_o will_v defile_v their_o finger_n with_o their_o monnoy_n noire_n mart._n nigra_fw-la moneta_n mart._n and_o other_o fictitious_a trash_n light_n and_o vitiate_v however_o blanch_v with_o adulterate_a mixture_n or_o endure_v the_o genuine_a metal_n shall_v be_v stretch_v beyond_o its_o real_a value_n the_o pernicious_a consequence_n of_o which_o be_v abundant_o make_v out_o by_o that_o our_o learned_a and_o judicious_a antiquary_n the_o late_a sir_n robert_n cotton_n both_o before_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o king_n james_n the_o first_o and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n and_o since_o by_o sir_n william_n petty_n who_o catechism_n as_o i_o beg_v leave_n to_o call_v it_o and_o thought_n about_o this_o matter_n coincident_a with_o that_o of_o sir_n christopher_n wren_n and_o late_o since_o the_o write_n of_o this_o the_o incomparable_o judicious_a and_o learned_a mr._n lock_n with_o the_o worthy_a author_n of_o the_o review_n i_o prefer_v to_o any_o thing_n i_o have_v hitherto_o meet_v with_o pretend_v to_o answer_v the_o present_a ill-boding_a exigence_n under_o which_o we_o suffer_v it_o be_v easy_a to_o deduce_v the_o original_a and_o cause_n state_n and_o progress_n of_o money_n itself_o from_o the_o rise_n culminate_v and_o meridian_n to_o its_o decline_n and_o almost_o set_v in_o our_o hemisphere_n as_o to_o goodness_n and_o integrity_n for_o so_o it_o first_o shine_v bright_a in_o the_o east_n as_o we_o learn_v from_o sacred_a writ_n when_o they_o deal_v by_o weight_n and_o the_o most_o ancient_a record_n of_o history_n where_o there_o be_v any_o record_n of_o credit_n from_o the_o first_o and_o middle_a age_n and_o of_o the_o latter_a for_o species_n character_n value_n fabric_n etc._n etc._n out_o of_o budaeus_fw-la agricola_n our_o brerewood_n malines_n sir_n thomas_n roe_n mr._n vaughan_n a_o excellent_a piece_n and_o instar_fw-la omnium_fw-la the_o most_o laborious_a klockius_n de_fw-fr aerario_fw-la whither_o the_o curious_a of_o antiquity_n may_v resort_v for_o the_o metal_n standard_n coin_n law_n abuse_n and_o remedy_n together_o with_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o treasurer_n and_o other_o both_o high_a subordinate_a and_o inferior_a office_n and_o officer_n relate_v to_o money_n the_o consultation_n of_o the_o most_o politic_a prince_n and_o state_n upon_o the_o great_a emergence_n and_o in_o general_a for_o whatsoever_o else_o fall_v under_o this_o ample_a subject_n in_o i_o think_v all_o the_o possible_a difficulty_n which_o usual_o arise_v incident_a to_o this_o imortant_a branch_n and_o nerve_n of_o the_o power_n justice_n and_o prosperity_n of_o a_o nation_n historical_o deduce_v and_o that_o with_o german_a industry_n but_o as_o it_o suit_v not_o altogether_o with_o my_o purpose_n to_o compile_v a_o pompous_a volume_n out_o of_o so_o many_o author_n as_o have_v discuss_v this_o argument_n and_o which_o be_v easy_a to_o do_v by_o man_n of_o leisure_n so_o shall_v i_o not_o have_v name_v they_o here_o but_o for_o this_o observation_n that_o by_o the_o universal_a suffrage_n of_o they_o all_o i_o be_o sure_a of_o the_o most_o learned_a judicious_a and_o able_a of_o they_o all_o i_o dare_v appeal_n to_o all_o the_o politic_n from_o aristotle_n to_o bodin_n and_o so_o forth_o for_o two_o thousand_o year_n the_o raise_n of_o the_o value_n of_o money_n at_o any_o time_n beyond_o its_o real_a worth_n have_v be_v almost_o equal_o decry_v and_o condemn_v with_o the_o very_o worst_a of_o sophistication_n debase_v and_o diminution_n of_o it_o and_o from_o the_o constant_a experience_n of_o the_o fatal_a and_o destructive_a consequence_n which_o have_v ever_o attend_v it_o one_o need_v but_o to_o read_v the_o story_n of_o livius_n drusus_n the_o disorder_n cause_v by_o those_o practice_n until_o marius_n gratidianus_n who_o have_v his_o statue_n erect_v by_o the_o commons_o to_o which_o in_o veneration_n they_o burn_v incense_n for_o his_o care_n and_o regulation_n about_o the_o mint_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n how_o foul_a a_o stain_v it_o leave_v on_o the_o very_o best_a of_o the_o roman_a prince_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o yield_v to_o these_o false_a expedient_n their_o best_a historian_n have_v acquaint_v we_o nor_o indeed_o be_v it_o at_o all_o to_o their_o credit_n that_o even_o in_o their_o great_a extremity_n of_o the_o punic_a war_n they_o have_v recourse_n a_o while_n to_o this_o ignoble_a shift_n seldom_o or_o rare_o practise_v but_o by_o tyrant_n the_o negligent_a vicious_a and_o profuse_a of_o all_o that_o government_n and_o never_o fail_a forerunner_n of_o calamity_n ensue_v both_o in_o the_o west_n and_o eastern_a empire_n also_o from_o these_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o debaucher_n of_o the_o species_n soon_o after_o constantine_n to_o so_o many_o age_n until_o it_o be_v break_v at_o last_o in_o piece_n like_o the_o fragment_n of_o their_o ancient_a coin_n the_o division_n and_o perpetual_a quarrel_n about_o religion_n between_o the_o orthodox_n arian_n and_o other_o sect_n as_o now_o afresh_o revive_v
be_v show_v ibid._n house_n of_o peer_n 158._o human_a sacrifice_n abolish_v 24._o humour_n doctrine_n of_o humorist_n and_o quality_n 325_o 326_o 327_o etc._n etc._n vide_fw-la temperament_n hungarian_n character_n 315._o i._o james_n vid._n king_n janus_n 5_o 38._o idol_n popish_a 66._o jew_n medal_n and_o coin_n suspect_v 210_o 217._o their_o fraud_n 217._o v._o shekel_n islander_n character_n 312_o 324._o image_n of_o ancestor_n 64_o 67._o vid._n picture_n statue_n library_n imperial_a medal_n 181._o how_o long_o excel_v in_o workmanship_n 39_o 40._o their_o rank_n in_o the_o cabinet_n 249._o how_o far_o they_o reach_v 249._o imperator_fw-la 188_o vid._n emperor_n impostor_n 198_o 201_o 209_o 210_o 216_o etc._n etc._n impression_n of_o coin_n and_o money_n when_o first_o 6_o 14._o vide_fw-la mint_n inanimat_n in_o med._n their_o signification_n 60_o 61_o 67_o 68_o etc._n etc._n incantated_a med._n vid._n med._n inclination_n discover_v by_o the_o countenance_n 303._o of_o several_a nation_n 310_o etc._n etc._n regional_a topical_a 318._o inscription_n 3_o 8_o 10_o 177_o etc._n etc._n hebrew_n samaritan_n 18._o greek_n 189._o inscrip_n relate_v to_o no_o knowledge_n to_o be_v reject_v 211._o about_o money_n 225._o about_o the_o theatre_n at_o oxford_n 65._o shall_v be_v concise_a 179_o 185._o how_o alter_v 216_o mingle_v conterfeit_v corrupt_a 195_o 196_o 219._o shall_v be_v modest_a not_o turgid_a and_o fastigious_a like_o the_o french_a 77_o 179_o 180_o 184._o what_o proper_a 180_o 182_o 184._o what_o they_o discover_v of_o antiquity_n 182._o modern_a inscrip_n 208._o abbreviation_n 186_o 190_o 191_o 192._o how_o to_o be_v read_v in_o medal_n 189_o 190._o and_o in_o different_a language_n 193_o 194_o 195._o vid._n legend_n orthography_n infect_v ingenious_a more_o than_o great_a animal_n why_o 309._o image_n see_v picture_n statue_n 67_o 68_o imperial_a med._n 181._o impostor_n 276._o inanimat_n 60_o 61._o inscription_n what_o they_o acquaint_v we_o with_o they_o shall_v be_v concise_a not_o insolent_a or_o boast_v like_o the_o french_a 180_o 185._o modern_a inscript_n 208._o intaglia_n 42._o invasion_n see_v armada_n inventor_n and_o invention_n how_o honour_v 163._o inventor_n of_o polycrest_n and_o thing_n of_o use_n 164._o what_o medal_n due_a to_o they_o 167._o some_o envious_o suffer_v their_o talent_n to_o be_v lose_v and_o die_v with_o they_o rather_o than_o to_o impart_v they_o 283._o iron_n coin_n and_o money_n 10_o 13._o judgement_n upon_o outward_a appearance_n only_o 310._o require_v great_a caution_n ibid._n instance_n remarkable_a 308_o 339_o etc._n etc._n julian_n apostata_fw-la judge_v by_o his_o countenance_n and_o mien_n 301_o 305._o k._n king_n name_v odious_a to_o the_o roman_n why_o 183._o king_n of_o england_n their_o medal_n from_o edw._n confessor_n edw._n iii_o henr._n v._o vii_o viii_o 21_o 86_o 87._o title_n defender_n of_o the_o faith_n head_n of_o the_o church_n 89._o edw._n vi_o defective_a of_o medal_n king_n james_n iv_o of_o scotland_n medal_n 88_o king_n james_n i._o of_o england_n 101_o etc._n etc._n charles_n i._n and_o ii_o medal_n 105_o ad_fw-la 126._o james_n ii_o 148_o etc._n etc._n king_n william_n iii_o medal_n 156._o vid._n queen_n king's-evil_a med._n 85._o king_n and_o emperor_n painter_n 284._o vid._n painter_n kishitah_n 4._o knighthood_n and_o military_a order_n 15_o 16._o vid._n garter_n l._n lady_n and_o woman_n learned_a english_a and_o other_o nation_n 264_o 265_o etc._n etc._n language_n 193._o latin_n greek_a perfection_n and_o decay_n 195._o laud_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n medal_n rejoice_v at_o his_o death_n at_o rome_n why_o 114._o largess_n 15_o 16._o vid._n missilia_fw-la laurel_n 26_o 29_o 59_o vid._n crown_n lawyer_n 262_o 275._o and_o law_n 56._o leaden_a money_n and_o medal_n 12_o 23._o leather_n money_n 10_o 11._o legenda_fw-la 177_o 178_o 188._o vide_fw-la inscription_n letter_n 279._o how_o place_v 187._o capital_a uncial_a how_o alter_v and_o corrupt_v 195_o 196._o vid._n abbreviation_n leiden_fw-mi siege_n 11._o vid._n paper_n money_n libation_n 48._o libella_fw-la 5._o library_n medal_n necessary_a 1_o 2_o 19_o 244._o the_o royal_a library_n at_o st._n jame_n 246_o 247._o lilburn_n john_n medal_n assert_v trial_n by_o juries_n 171._o line_n and_o stroke_n in_o the_o countenance_n 335._o lituus_fw-la 63._o london_n 162._o metropolis_n no_o roman_a colony_n 51._o conslagration_n and_o by_o who_o fire_v 266._o look_n 301._o vid._n aspect_n face_n countenance_n luke_n st._n 44._o m._n maiorana_fw-la 7._o manuscript_n 2_o 247_o 278._o marmora_fw-la arundeliana_n 65._o marolle_fw-fr abbot_n his_o collection_n of_o print_n in_o tailledouce_a 289._o marry_o queen_n of_o england_n set_v up_o the_o popish_a mass_n 91._o med._n repress_v the_o rebellion_n 92._o mass_o prove_v by_o ancient_a medal_n a_o ridiculous_a mistake_n 72._o massacre_n at_o paris_n etc._n etc._n 25._o detest_a by_o honest_a and_o learned_a papist_n 169._o mathematics_n and_o mathematician_n 166._o 279_o 281_o 320._o maximilian_n emperor_n receive_v pay_v under_o henry_n viii_o 87._o mechanic_n 162._o mechanical_a invention_n 280_o 281_o etc._n etc._n natural_a to_o the_o german_n why_o 320._o medal_n 8_o 10._o name_v neglect_v 10_o 13._o antiquity_n 43_o 248._o erudition_n and_o great_a use_n 49_o 69._o in_o history_n chronology_n etc._n etc._n by_o learned_a person_n cultivate_v 3_o 8_o 13_o 15_o 17._o the_o most_o authentic_a record_n 243_o 248._o monument_n survive_v all_o accident_n and_o revolution_n 2_o 3_o 71_o 83_o 168_o 243_o 248._o acquaint_v we_o with_o the_o most_o signal_n person_n family_n action_n and_o exploit_n war_n victory_n triumph_n country_n colony_n city_n temple_n deity_n religion_n law_n government_n king_n consul_n emperor_n and_o other_o magistrate_n etc._n etc._n 40_o 48_o ad_fw-la 198._o vid._n reverse_v medal_n relate_v to_o several_a nation_n 18_o 19_o 20_o 21_o 23_o 210._o on_o what_o occasion_n scatter_v among_o the_o people_n 15_o 19_o medal_n not_o to_o be_v strike_v on_o slight_a subject_n 289._o nor_o dishonour_v with_o raillery_n or_o boast_v 24_o 25_o 42._o whether_o common_o in_o use_n as_o money_n 8_o 85._o more_o precious_a some_o of_o copper_n than_o gold_n and_o in_o what_o more_o rare_a 8_o 13_o 15_o 39_o 202_o 213_o 238._o size_n 16_o 17_o 19_o in_o what_o vast_a quantity_n find_v 19_o 69_o 70_o 189._o of_o who_o to_o inquire_v 199._o and_o place_n where_o 11_o 207._o many_o of_o the_o same_o stamp_n 218._o roman_n medal_n best_o worth_n collect_v why_o 39_o how_o far_o the_o most_o valuable_a reach_n ibid._n and_o 208._o medal_n without_o head_n 26._o with_o two_o or_o more_o 27_o 206._o man_n and_o woman_n in_o the_o same_o medal_n ibid._n medal_n incantate_v 42._o medal_n how_o best_o to_o collect_v understand_v and_o distinguish_v true_a and_o ancient_a from_o false_a and_o to_o detect_v cheat_n and_o impostor_n 208_o 209_o 210_o ad_fw-la 221._o medal_n only_o of_o all_o coin_n free_a from_o clipper_n why_o 217._o who_o have_v the_o best_a furnish_v cabinet_n of_o medal_n 244_o 245_o 246_o 251._o how_o far_o a_o series_n may_v reach_v 212_o 248._o peter_n de_fw-fr medici_n numerous_a collection_n exceed_v the_o french_a king_n long_o since_o 251._o medal_n cast_v mould_v and_o stamp_v 212_o 213_o 214._o sophisticated_a 238._o of_o the_o varnish_n whether_o artificial_a 212_o 217._o difficulty_n in_o meeting_n with_o genuine_a medal_n 215._o fraud_n by_o bury_v medal_n 217._o medal_n when_o in_o perfection_n for_o the_o matter_n and_o sculpture_n 200_o 238._o when_o decline_v 9_o 10_o 20_o 40._o and_o again_o revive_v 237_o ad_fw-la 241._o print_n of_o med._n 243._o medalion_n 8_o 15_o 16_o 22._o contorniati_n 17._o make_a honorary_a present_n of_o to_o prince_n ambassadors_z knight_n commander_n doctor_n egregious_o learned_a deserve_a person_n and_o officer_n etc._n etc._n 15_o 16_o 137_o 142._o medal_n and_o money_n scatter_v among_o the_o people_n 15_o 19_o 55_o 91_o 97_o 101._o how_o to_o take_v off_o the_o impression_n of_o medal_n 219._o medal_n in_o miniature_n 47._o and_o tailledouce_a ibid._n quality_n most_o requisite_a to_o a_o student_n of_o medal_n 240_o 251._o author_n who_o have_v best_a write_v of_o i_o erudition_n 241_o 245._o how_o to_o dispose_v of_o med._n in_o the_o cabinet_n after_o the_o best_a method_n 247_o ad_fw-la 257._o vid._n cabinet_n who_o ought_v to_o have_v the_o charge_n and_o custody_n of_o medal_n and_o other_o antiquity_n 255._o modern_a medal_n too_o much_o neglect_v 157._o what_o worth_n collect_v 40_o 169._o how_o far_o a_o series_n of_o they_o may_v reach_v 208._o medal_n of_o king_n charles_n i._o coronation_n nuptial_n relief_n of_o rochel_n expedition_n to_o and_o return_v from_o scotland_n kienton_n fight_v martyrdom_n etc._n etc._n 105_o ad_fw-la 120._o natalitial_a of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n 121_o 123._o star_n appear_v at_o noon_n ibid._n natalitial_a med._n of_o jacob._n d._n of_o york_n 144._o med._n on_o the_o