at_o the_o same_o time_n have_v leisure_n enough_o to_o run_v into_o other_o matter_n about_o which_o there_o may_v be_v more_o colour_n for_o cavil_v so_o that_o this_o can_v be_v the_o true_a reason_n and_o i_o leave_v the_o reader_n to_o judge_v what_o it_o be_v the_o last_o thing_n be_v the_o point_n of_o reason_n and_o here_o he_o find_v leisure_n enough_o to_o expatiate_v but_o i_o shall_v keep_v to_o that_o point_n upon_o which_o he_o suppose_v the_o whole_a controversy_n to_o turn_v which_o be_v whether_o the_o difference_n between_o nature_n and_o person_n which_o we_o observe_v in_o mankind_n do_v so_o far_o hold_v with_o respect_n to_o the_o divine_a nature_n that_o it_o be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o say_v there_o be_v three_o person_n and_o not_o three_o god_n and_o there_o be_v several_a thing_n i_o propose_v in_o order_n to_o the_o clear_n of_o this_o matter_n which_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o lay_v down_o as_o distinct_o as_o i_o can_v and_o i_o shall_v not_o be_v hector_v or_o banter_v out_o of_o that_o which_o i_o account_v the_o most_o proper_a method_n although_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v too_o obscure_a for_o our_o man_n of_o wit_n to_o understand_v without_o hazard_n of_o their_o jaw_n the_o principle_n or_o supposition_n i_o lay_v down_o be_v these_o i._o nature_n be_v one_o and_o indivisible_a in_o itself_o wherever_o it_o be_v ii_o the_o more_o perfect_a any_o nature_n be_v the_o more_o perfect_a must_v its_o unity_n be_v iii_o whatever_o be_v affirm_v of_o a_o most_o perfect_a be_v must_v be_v understand_v in_o a_o way_n agreeable_a to_o its_o perfection_n iv._o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o divine_a nature_n to_o be_v multiply_v into_o such_o individual_n as_o be_v among_o man_n because_o it_o argue_v such_o a_o dependence_n and_o separation_n as_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o the_o most_o perfect_a unity_n v._o to_o suppose_v three_o distinct_a person_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o indivisible_a divine_a nature_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o divine_a perfection_n if_o they_o be_v found_v on_o such_o relative_a property_n which_o can_v be_v confound_v with_o each_o other_o and_o be_v in_o themselves_o agreeable_a to_o the_o divine_a nature_n vi_o whether_o there_o be_v three_o such_o distinct_a person_n or_o not_o be_v not_o to_o be_v draw_v from_o our_o own_o imagination_n or_o similitude_n in_o create_a being_n but_o only_o from_o the_o word_n of_o god_n from_o who_o alone_o the_o knowledge_n of_o it_o can_v be_v communicate_v to_o mankind_n let_v we_o now_o see_v how_o he_o prove_v that_o since_o there_o be_v no_o contradiction_n for_o three_o person_n to_o be_v in_o one_o common_a human_a nature_n it_o must_v be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o assert_v three_o person_n in_o the_o same_o divine_a nature_n he_o offer_v at_o no_o less_o than_o demonstrative_a reason_n p._n 58._o c._n 2._o but_o i_o have_v always_o have_v the_o most_o cause_n to_o fear_v the_o man_n that_o pretend_v to_o infallibility_n and_o demonstration_n i_o pass_v over_o his_o mysterious_a box_n as_o trifle_n fit_v only_o to_o entertain_v his_o man_n of_o wit_n and_o come_v immediate_o to_o his_o demonstrative_a reason_n be_v it_o be_v to_o be_v meet_v with_o it_o come_v at_o last_o to_o no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o human_a nature_n and_o angelical_a nature_n and_o camel_n nature_n have_v no_o existence_n but_o only_o in_o our_o conception_n and_o be_v only_a notion_n of_o our_o mind_n but_o the_o person_n in_o the_o same_o rational_a be_v be_v not_o mere_a metaphysical_a person_n or_o relative_n property_n but_o they_o be_v such_o as_o necessary_o suppose_v distinct_a substance_n as_o well_o as_o distinct_a property_n but_o in_o the_o trinity_n the_o nature_n be_v a_o real_o exist_v nature_n it_o be_v a_o spiritual_a substance_n and_o endue_v with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o divine_a attribute_n not_o a_o abstract_a or_o mere_a notional_a imaginary_a nature_n and_o the_o divine_a person_n be_v not_o distinct_a substance_n or_o real_a being_n but_o property_n only_o in_o a_o real_a be_v and_o in_o a_o infinite_a substance_n this_o be_v the_o force_n of_o the_o demonstration_n but_o now_o if_o i_o can_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o every_o nature_n be_v not_o only_o one_o and_o indivisible_a in_o itself_o but_o endue_v with_o essential_a attribute_n and_o property_n belong_v to_o it_o as_o such_o than_o it_o will_v be_v evident_a that_o nature_n be_v not_o a_o mere_a abstract_a notion_n of_o our_o mind_n but_o something_o which_o real_o exist_v somewhere_o and_o then_o the_o foundation_n of_o this_o demonstrative_a reason_n be_v take_v away_o and_o i_o appeal_v to_o any_o person_n that_o consider_v thing_n whether_o the_o human_a angelical_a and_o camel_n nature_n as_o he_o call_v it_o do_v not_o real_o differ_v from_o each_o other_o and_o have_v such_o essential_a property_n belong_v to_o they_o as_o can_v agree_v to_o any_o other_o nature_n for_o else_o it_o must_v be_v a_o mere_a notion_n and_o fiction_n of_o the_o mind_n to_o make_v any_o real_a difference_n between_o they_o but_o if_o human_a nature_n and_o camel_n nature_n do_v essential_o differ_v from_o each_o other_o than_o every_o nature_n have_v its_o essential_a unity_n and_o property_n which_o can_v belong_v to_o any_o other_o and_o that_o without_o any_o act_n of_o our_o mind_n and_o if_o every_o nature_n be_v real_o and_o essential_o different_a from_o another_o it_o must_v have_v a_o existence_n somewhere_o independent_a on_o our_o notion_n and_o conception_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o no_o such_o nature_n do_v real_o exist_v by_o itself_o but_o only_o in_o the_o several_a individual_n but_o that_o be_v not_o the_o present_a question_n where_o or_o how_o it_o exist_v but_o whether_o it_o depend_v only_o on_o our_o imagination_n or_o the_o act_n of_o our_o mind_n and_o if_o it_o do_v so_o then_o there_o can_v be_v no_o real_a and_o essential_a difference_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n and_o beast_n which_o i_o think_v none_o who_o have_v the_o understanding_n of_o a_o man_n can_v imagine_v but_o real_o exist_v nature_n he_o say_v be_v in_o such_o person_n as_o necessary_o suppose_v distinct_a substance_n as_o well_o as_o distinct_a property_n and_o if_o they_o exist_v only_o in_o a_o common_a nature_n as_o the_o humanity_n and_o have_v not_o also_o distinct_a substance_n they_o will_v never_o make_v distinct_a person_n i_o do_v allow_v that_o in_o create_v and_o dependent_a being_n there_o must_v be_v distinct_a substance_n to_o make_v distinct_a person_n but_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v give_v a_o account_n what_o that_o be_v which_o make_v distinct_a person_n '_o necessary_o to_o suppose_v distinct_a substance_n for_o the_o nature_n be_v one_o and_o indivisible_a in_o they_o all_o or_o else_o every_o individual_a must_v make_v a_o new_a species_n which_o be_v a_o absurdity_n i_o suppose_v he_o will_v not_o be_v fond_a of_o if_o there_o be_v then_o one_o and_o the_o same_o nature_n in_o the_o individual_n whence_o come_v the_o difference_n of_o substance_n to_o be_v so_o necessary_o suppose_v if_o it_o be_v from_o diversity_n dissimilitude_n dependence_n and_o separate_a existence_n as_o i_o assert_v than_o these_o reason_n can_v hold_v only_o in_o create_a being_n and_o where_o they_o can_v hold_v as_o in_o the_o divine_a nature_n why_o may_v there_o not_o be_v a_o distinction_n of_o person_n found_v on_o relative_a property_n without_o any_o distinction_n of_o substance_n which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o perfect_a unity_n of_o the_o godhead_n what_o demonstrative_a reason_n nay_o what_o probable_a argument_n have_v he_o offer_v against_o this_o he_o take_v notice_n p._n 60._o of_o what_o i_o have_v say_v about_o the_o distinction_n of_o personality_n and_o person_n and_o that_o personality_n be_v original_o only_o a_o particular_a mode_n of_o subsistence_n and_o a_o person_n beside_o the_o relative_a property_n take_v in_o the_o divine_a nature_n together_o with_o it_o and_o what_o demonstration_n have_v we_o against_o this_o so_o far_o from_o it_o that_o he_o fall_v to_o tri_n again_o to_o keep_v his_o man_n of_o wit_n in_o good_a humour_n so_o much_o for_o madam_n personality_n now_o for_o sir_n person_n be_v this_o a_o decent_a way_n of_o write_v about_o these_o matter_n to_o begin_v with_o the_o talk_n of_o demonstrative_a reason_n and_o to_o end_v with_o burlesque_a and_o turn_v they_o into_o ridicule_n if_o this_o be_v a_o agreeable_a entertainment_n for_o his_o man_n of_o wit_n it_o show_v that_o they_o deserve_v that_o character_n as_o well_o as_o he_o do_v that_o of_o a_o demonstrator_n but_o this_o sportful_a gentleman_n have_v find_v something_o else_o to_o play_v with_o viz._n that_o my_o notion_n of_o three_o subsistence_n without_o three_o substance_n be_v real_o nothing_o but_o sabellianism_n but_o i_o have_v already_o say_v
particular_a substance_n a_o complication_n of_o many_o simple_a idea_n for_o if_o it_o be_v so_o how_o can_v a_o complication_n of_o simple_a idea_n which_o can_v subsist_v by_o themselves_o make_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o substance_n which_o do_v subsist_v by_o itself_o this_o look_v a_o little_a untoward_o in_o the_o way_n of_o knowledge_n and_o certainty_n but_o there_o be_v no_o help_n for_o it_o a_o substratum_fw-la must_v be_v suppose_v to_o support_v these_o unlucky_a accident_n let_v it_o be_v so_o then_o how_o come_v we_o to_o know_v that_o these_o accident_n be_v such_o feeble_a thing_n what_o simple_a idea_n inform_v you_o of_o it_o if_o none_o than_o it_o be_v to_o be_v hope_v there_o be_v some_o other_o way_n to_o attain_v knowledge_n and_o certainty_n in_o this_o matter_n no_o you_o tell_v i_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o other_o way_n but_o this_o of_o idea_n how_o so_o your_o word_n be_v these_o 40._o the_o general_a indetermined_a idea_n of_o something_o be_v by_o the_o abstraction_n of_o the_o mind_n derive_v also_o from_o the_o simple_a idea_n of_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n but_o alas_o we_o be_v not_o upon_o the_o general_a indetermined_a idea_n of_o something_o but_o upon_o the_o particular_a idea_n of_o distinct_a substance_n which_o be_v grant_v not_o to_o be_v by_o abstraction_n but_o by_o a_o complication_n of_o simple_a idea_n so_o that_o this_o be_v quite_o off_o from_o the_o matter_n but_o as_o to_o your_o general_a abstract_a idea_n i_o have_v something_o far_a to_o say_v 4._o a_o general_a abstract_a idea_n of_o substance_n be_v no_o real_a substance_n nor_o a_o true_a idea_n of_o one_o if_o particular_a substance_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o complication_n of_o simple_a idea_n for_o you_o say_v 40._o that_o the_o mind_n by_o abstraction_n from_o the_o positive_a simple_a idea_n get_v by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n come_v to_o the_o general_a relative_n idea_n of_o substance_n if_o then_o the_o general_a idea_n be_v raise_v from_o the_o simple_a idea_n and_o those_o simple_a idea_n make_v that_o of_o particular_a and_o distinct_a substance_n only_o by_o complication_n than_o the_o general_a idea_n of_o substance_n can_v be_v nothing_o but_o a_o abstract_a complication_n of_o these_o simple_a idea_n or_o else_o it_o be_v not_o by_o abstraction_n from_o the_o simple_a idea_n but_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v a_o general_a nature_n of_o substance_n which_o be_v as_o real_a as_o a_o general_a idea_n can_v be_v and_o it_o be_v that_o which_o make_v any_o particular_a substance_n be_v what_o it_o be_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n without_o respect_n to_o individual_a mode_n and_o property_n and_o although_o this_o general_a substance_n do_v not_o exist_v of_o itself_o yet_o it_o do_v real_o exist_v in_o the_o several_a individual_n that_o belong_v to_o its_o kind_n and_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o particular_a substance_n be_v real_o distinguish_v from_o each_o other_o not_o mere_o by_o simple_a idea_n of_o sensible_a quality_n but_o by_o their_o inward_a frame_n and_o constitution_n as_o the_o substance_n of_o a_o man_n be_v from_o that_o of_o a_o horse_n or_o a_o tree_n for_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o imagine_v that_o these_o real_o differ_v from_o each_o other_o only_o as_o individual_n of_o the_o same_o sort_n under_o the_o general_a abstract_a idea_n of_o substance_n and_o if_o there_o be_v substance_n of_o several_a kind_n real_o different_a from_o each_o other_o a_o account_n must_v be_v give_v not_o only_o of_o the_o general_a notion_n of_o a_o substratum_fw-la for_o accident_n but_o of_o the_o specific_a nature_n of_o different_a substance_n and_o wherein_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o unknown_a support_n lie_v as_o to_o the_o mode_n and_o accident_n of_o their_o kind_n which_o i_o despair_v of_o ever_o see_v do_v by_o the_o simple_a idea_n of_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n and_o yourself_o confess_v that_o we_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o abstract_a substance_n 16._o and_o that_o by_o the_o complex_n idea_n of_o sensible_a quality_n we_o be_v as_o far_o from_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o body_n as_o if_o we_o know_v nothing_o at_o all_o and_o now_o i_o free_o leave_v the_o reader_n to_o judge_v whether_o this_o be_v a_o tolerable_a account_n of_o the_o idea_n of_o substance_n by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n and_o whether_o i_o deserve_v so_o much_o to_o be_v complain_v of_o for_o expose_v the_o unreasonableness_n of_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o our_o certainty_n and_o knowledge_n upon_o simple_a idea_n which_o we_o receive_v by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v further_o it_o will_v be_v proper_a here_o to_o take_v notice_n how_o you_o justify_v your_o idea_n of_o substance_n from_o the_o etymology_n of_o the_o word_n 43._o which_o say_v you_o be_v stand_v under_o or_o uphold_v i_o tell_v you_o very_o little_a weight_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v on_o a_o bare_a grammatical_a etymology_n when_o the_o word_n be_v otherwise_o use_v by_o the_o best_a author_n for_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o i_o name_v cicero_n and_o quinctilian_n and_o the_o greek_a word_n import_v the_o same_o but_o still_o you_o say_v it_o be_v derive_v à _fw-la substando_fw-la and_o you_o tell_v we_o your_o opinion_n that_o if_o we_o know_v the_o original_a of_o word_n 44._o we_o shall_v be_v much_o help_v to_o the_o idea_n they_o be_v first_o apply_v to_o and_o make_v to_o stand_v for_o if_o you_o mean_v the_o true_a idea_n of_o they_o i_o must_v beg_v leave_n to_o differ_v in_o my_o opinion_n and_o my_o reason_n be_v this_o because_o word_n be_v use_v before_o man_n come_v to_o form_v philosophical_a notion_n or_o idea_n of_o thing_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v force_v to_o make_v use_n of_o word_n apply_v in_o another_o sense_n or_o else_o to_o coin_v word_n on_o purpose_n to_o express_v their_o own_o as_o cicero_n often_o do_v as_o quality_n evidence_n comprehension_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o if_o substare_v be_v use_v in_o another_o sense_n before_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o when_o we_o inquire_v into_o the_o true_a idea_n of_o thing_n but_o one_o of_o the_o best_a critic_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n in_o our_o age_n have_v tell_v we_o that_o substantia_fw-la be_v so_o call_v sto._n quia_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la substat_fw-la and_o substare_v be_v use_v by_o terence_n not_o for_o stand_v under_o but_o for_o be_v steadfast_a metuo_fw-la ut_fw-la substet_fw-la hospes_fw-la but_o as_o to_o your_o general_a observation_n i_o think_v there_o be_v very_o few_o word_n use_v in_o the_o philosophical_a language_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o what_o be_v take_v off_o from_o the_o original_a sense_n they_o be_v apply_v to_o as_o persona_fw-la be_v first_o take_v for_o a_o man_n in_o masquerade_n genus_fw-la for_o a_o pedigree_n species_n for_o a_o sight_n from_o specio_fw-la to_o see_v virtus_n for_o manly_a courage_n and_o distinguish_v from_o probity_n sit_fw-la virtus_fw-la etiam_fw-la non_fw-la probitate_fw-la minor_fw-la ovid._n de_fw-fr pont._n l._n 3._o and_o so_o anima_fw-la be_v first_o take_v for_o the_o breath_n in_o the_o body_n as_o well_o as_o spiritus_fw-la thence_o varro_n say_v their_o ancestor_n although_o they_o eat_v leek_n and_o onion_n yet_o be_v be_v animati_fw-la have_v no_o ill_a breath_n and_o thence_o animam_fw-la agere_fw-la and_o efflare_fw-la say_v cicero_n and_o from_o anima_fw-la he_o say_v come_v animus_fw-la by_o which_o they_o understand_v the_o mind_n hinc_fw-la animus_fw-la ad_fw-la intelligentiam_fw-la tributus_fw-la say_v varro_n and_o many_o other_o of_o a_o like_a nature_n but_o i_o shall_v only_o add_v one_o more_o and_o that_o be_v the_o name_n of_o idea_n so_o very_o often_o use_v by_o yourself_o and_o other_o of_o late_a i_o wish_v we_o have_v be_v tell_v the_o original_a use_n of_o it_o and_o how_o it_o be_v first_o apply_v that_o we_o may_v better_o judge_v of_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o it_o now_o when_o so_o much_o weight_n be_v lay_v upon_o it_o 184_o i_o find_v in_o thucydides_n who_o be_v a_o accurate_a writer_n and_o understand_v the_o true_a sense_n of_o word_n that_o a_o idea_n be_v use_v by_o he_o for_o a_o appearance_n and_o show_n without_o reality_n as_o when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o athenian_n in_o deal_v with_o the_o sicilian_n make_v use_v of_o the_o same_o idea_n which_o they_o have_v do_v before_o where_o it_o can_v signify_v nothing_o but_o what_o he_o call_v before_o a_o pretence_n but_o when_o the_o philosopher_n come_v to_o use_v this_o word_n they_o apply_v it_o to_o another_o sense_n plato_n make_v use_v of_o it_o to_o signify_v the_o true_a exemplar_n or_o model_n of_o thing_n according_a to_o which_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o they_o be_v frame_v and_o distinguish_v this_o notion_n he_o have_v as_o many_o other_o from_o the_o
each_o other_o and_o say_v that_o we_o have_v as_o clear_v a_o notion_n of_o a_o spirit_n as_o we_o have_v of_o a_o body_n against_o this_o i_o urge_v that_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o matter_n to_o think_v which_o you_o assert_v then_o from_o the_o idea_n of_o think_v we_o can_v prove_v the_o certainty_n of_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n within_o we_o where_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n be_v oppose_v to_o the_o power_n of_o matter_n it_o be_v not_o whether_o matter_n so_o modify_v can_v think_v but_o whether_o matter_n can_v think_v and_o let_v it_o be_v modify_v how_o it_o will_v matter_n be_v matter_n still_o but_o the_o power_n of_o think_v make_v it_o a_o spirit_n say_v you_o but_o do_v it_o cease_v to_o be_v matter_n or_o not_o if_o not_o than_o it_o be_v matter_n still_o endue_v with_o a_o power_n of_o think_v and_o so_o our_o idea_n can_v be_v no_o other_o than_o of_o a_o material_a think_v substance_n but_o you_o say_v further_o that_o the_o power_n of_o think_v make_v it_o a_o spirit_n without_o consider_v what_o other_o modification_n it_o have_v whether_o it_o have_v the_o modification_n of_o solidity_n or_o not_o that_o be_v although_o it_o be_v real_o a_o material_a substance_n yet_o the_o modification_n of_o think_v make_v it_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n for_o we_o be_v to_o go_v no_o far_o than_o that_o modification_n of_o think_v and_o from_o thence_o we_o be_v to_o conclude_v it_o to_o be_v a_o spiritual_a substance_n but_o we_o be_v now_o inquire_v not_o into_o the_o bare_a modification_n of_o think_v but_o whether_o from_o thence_o we_o can_v prove_v a_o immaterial_a substance_n within_o we_o or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n as_o oppose_v to_o corporeal_a which_o be_v your_o own_o distinction_n and_o that_o i_o may_v not_o be_v think_v to_o do_v you_o injury_n i_o shall_v produce_v your_o own_o word_n by_o the_o simple_a idea_n we_o have_v take_v from_o our_o own_o mind_n we_o be_v able_a to_o frame_v the_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o a_o spirit_n 15._o and_o thus_o by_o put_v together_o the_o idea_n of_o think_v perceive_v liberty_n and_o power_n of_o move_v themselves_o we_o have_v as_o clear_v a_o perception_n and_o notion_n of_o immaterial_a substance_n as_o well_o as_o material_a so_o that_o here_o we_o have_v two_o thing_n clear_a 1._o that_o a_o spirit_n and_o immaterial_a substance_n be_v the_o same_o 2._o that_o from_o the_o operation_n of_o our_o mind_n we_o have_v a_o clear_a idea_n of_o a_o immaterial_a substance_n within_o we_o 17._o again_o you_o say_v that_o the_o primary_n ideas_n we_o have_v of_o body_n as_o contradistinguish_v to_o spirit_n be_v the_o cohesion_n of_o solid_a and_o consequent_o separable_a part_n and_o a_o power_n of_o communicate_v motion_n by_o impulse_n these_o you_o think_v be_v the_o original_a idea_n proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o body_n here_o body_n be_v contradistinguish_v to_o spirit_n and_o as_o it_o be_v so_o the_o cohesion_n of_o solid_a and_o separable_a part_n be_v make_v one_o of_o the_o original_a idea_n proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o body_n as_o distinguish_v from_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n how_o then_o i_o pray_v can_v a_o spiritual_a substance_n consist_v of_o solid_a and_o separable_a part_n for_o whatever_o be_v solid_a you_o grant_v to_o be_v consequent_o separable_a this_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o confound_v the_o idea_n of_o body_n and_o spirit_n which_o you_o have_v take_v so_o much_o care_n to_o distinguish_v and_o so_o must_v destroy_v all_o certainty_n of_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n from_o your_o idea_n for_o although_o the_o bare_a simple_a idea_n of_o think_v may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v distinct_a from_o that_o of_o a_o solid_a body_n yet_o it_o be_v impossible_a from_o that_o idea_n so_o explain_v to_o prove_v a_o spiritual_a substance_n as_o distinct_a from_o body_n which_o be_v the_o thing_n i_o intend_v to_o prove_v but_o you_o go_v on_o to_o compare_v the_o complex_n idea_n of_o spirit_n and_o body_n in_o these_o word_n 22._o let_v we_o compare_v then_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o spirit_n without_o our_o complex_fw-la idea_n of_o body_n our_o idea_n of_o bodâ—_n be_v a_o extend_a solid_a substance_n capable_a of_o communicate_v motion_n by_o impulse_n and_o our_o idea_n of_o our_o soul_n be_v of_o a_o substance_n that_o think_v and_o have_v a_o power_n of_o exciting_a motion_n in_o body_n by_o will_n and_o thought_n these_o you_o think_v be_v our_o complex_n idea_n of_o soul_n and_o body_n as_o contradistinguish_v here_o you_o do_v not_o speak_v of_o the_o bare_a idea_n of_o think_v and_o solidity_n but_o of_o the_o different_a substance_n and_o one_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o solid_a substance_n and_o the_o other_o a_o substance_n that_o think_v i_o shall_v add_v one_o passage_n more_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n the_o idea_n we_o have_v of_o spirit_n compare_v with_o that_o we_o have_v of_o body_n 30._o stand_v thus_o the_o substance_n of_o spirit_n be_v unknown_a to_o we_o and_o so_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o body_n equal_o unknown_a to_o we_o here_o we_o have_v again_o the_o substance_n of_o spirit_n and_o the_o substance_n of_o body_n distinguish_v from_o each_o other_o and_o not_o the_o bare_a modification_n so_o that_o i_o need_v no_o body_n to_o answer_v you_o but_o yourself_o but_o least_o such_o expression_n shall_v be_v think_v a_o mere_a slip_n of_o the_o pen_n you_o be_v please_v again_o to_o assert_v the_o notion_n of_o a_o immaterial_a know_a substance_n to_o imply_v no_o more_o of_o a_o contradiction_n than_o a_o extend_a divisible_a body_n 31._o and_o yet_o after_o all_o this_o you_o confess_v that_o you_o have_v not_o prove_v a_o immaterial_a substance_n 67._o and_o that_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v upon_o your_o principle_n what_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o this_o i_o can_v think_v you_o intend_v to_o lessen_v the_o authority_n of_o your_o book_n in_o so_o considerable_a a_o part_n of_o it_o and_o i_o shall_v much_o rather_o have_v think_v the_o latter_a passage_n a_o slip_n of_o your_o pen_n but_o that_o in_o your_o letter_n you_o go_v about_o to_o defend_v it_o therefore_o i_o must_v attend_v your_o motion_n in_o it_o 68_o you_o say_v that_o all_o the_o great_a end_n of_o religion_n and_o morality_n be_v secure_v bare_o by_o the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n without_o a_o necessary_a supposition_n that_o the_o soul_n be_v immaterial_a i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o great_a end_n of_o religion_n and_o morality_n be_v best_a secure_v by_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n from_o its_o nature_n and_o property_n and_o which_o i_o think_v prove_v it_o immaterial_a i_o do_v not_o question_v whether_o god_n can_v give_v immortality_n to_o a_o material_a substance_n but_o i_o say_v it_o take_v off_o very_o much_o from_o the_o evidence_n of_o immortality_n if_o it_o depend_v whole_o upon_o god_n give_v that_o which_o of_o its_o own_o nature_n it_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o for_o if_o the_o soul_n be_v a_o material_a substance_n it_o be_v real_o nothing_o but_o life_n or_o matter_n put_v into_o motion_n with_o such_o organ_n and_o part_n as_o be_v necessary_a to_o hold_v they_o together_o and_o when_o death_n come_v than_o this_o material_a substance_n so_o modify_v be_v lose_v god_n may_v by_o his_o power_n grant_v a_o new_a life_n but_o will_v any_o man_n say_v god_n can_v preserve_v the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n when_o he_o be_v dead_a this_o be_v a_o plain_a absurdity_n and_o i_o think_v no_o such_o thing_n tend_v to_o preserve_v religion_n or_o morality_n mr._n hobbes_n speak_v very_o consonant_o to_o his_o own_o principle_n although_o not_o to_o those_o of_o religion_n and_o morality_n 34._o for_o he_o say_v that_o the_o universe_n be_v the_o aggregate_v of_o all_o body_n there_o be_v no_o real_a part_n of_o it_o that_o be_v not_o also_o a_o body_n and_o so_o he_o say_v that_o substance_n and_o body_n signify_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o therefore_o substance_n incorporeal_a be_v word_n which_o destroy_v one_o another_o but_o what_o then_o be_v a_o spirit_n that_o he_o say_v in_o the_o proper_a signification_n of_o it_o in_o common_a speech_n be_v either_o a_o subtle_a fluid_a invisible_a body_n or_o a_o ghost_n or_o other_o idol_n or_o phantasm_n of_o the_o imagination_n but_o be_v there_o not_o a_o immortal_a soul_n in_o man_n the_o promise_n of_o immortality_n say_v he_o be_v make_v to_o the_o man_n and_o not_o to_o the_o soul_n and_o immortal_a life_n do_v not_o begin_v in_o man_n till_o the_o resurrection_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v plain_a he_o look_v on_o the_o soul_n as_o nothing_o but_o the_o life_n 38._o and_o so_o he_o say_v that_o soul_n and_o life_n in_o scripture_n do_v usual_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o in_o
the_o vindication_n of_o his_o leviathan_n 91._o he_o say_v that_o his_o doctrine_n be_v that_o the_o soul_n be_v not_o a_o separate_a substance_n but_o that_o the_o man_n at_o his_o resurrection_n shall_v be_v revive_v and_o he_o answer_v that_o place_n fear_v not_o they_o which_o kill_v the_o body_n but_o can_v kill_v the_o soul_n thus_o man_n can_v kill_v a_o soul_n for_o the_o man_n kill_v shall_v revive_v again_o i_o think_v he_o may_v as_o well_o have_v say_v that_o man_n can_v kill_v the_o body_n for_o that_o shall_v be_v revive_v at_o the_o resurrection_n but_o what_o be_v all_o this_o to_o you_o i_o hope_v nothing_o at_o all_o but_o it_o show_v that_o those_o who_o have_v go_v about_o to_o overthrow_v the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n by_o nature_n have_v not_o be_v think_v to_o secure_v the_o great_a end_n of_o religion_n and_o morality_n and_o although_o we_o think_v the_o separate_a state_n of_o the_o soul_n after_o death_n be_v sufficient_o reveal_v in_o scripture_n yet_o it_o create_v a_o great_a difficulty_n in_o understand_v it_o if_o the_o soul_n be_v nothing_o but_o life_n or_o a_o material_a substance_n which_o must_v be_v dissolve_v when_o life_n be_v end_v for_o if_o the_o soul_n be_v a_o material_a substance_n it_o must_v be_v make_v up_o as_o other_o be_v of_o the_o cohesion_n of_o solid_a and_o separate_a part_n how_o minute_n and_o invisible_a soever_o they_o be_v and_o what_o be_v it_o which_o shall_v keep_v they_o together_o when_o life_n be_v go_v so_o that_o it_o be_v no_o easy_a matter_n to_o give_v a_o account_n how_o the_o soul_n shall_v be_v capable_a of_o immortality_n unless_o it_o be_v a_o immaterial_a substance_n and_o then_o we_o know_v the_o solution_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o body_n can_v reach_v the_o soul_n be_v of_o a_o different_a nature_n and_o this_o be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o the_o wise_a and_o most_o intelligent_a philosopher_n have_v assert_v mere_o from_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o the_o soul_n as_o you_o very_o well_o know_v and_o i_o need_v not_o for_o your_o sake_n run_v into_o such_o a_o digression_n or_o as_o you_o call_v it_o step_v out_o of_o my_o way_n any_o far_a than_o you_o give_v occasion_n for_o it_o in_o what_o follow_v for_o you_o tell_v i_o 69_o you_o have_v great_a authority_n to_o justify_v your_o use_v a_o spiritual_a substance_n without_o exclude_v materiality_n from_o it_o and_o for_o this_o you_o refer_v i_o to_o two_o great_a man_n indeed_o among_o the_o roman_n cicero_n and_o virgil._n i_o be_v surprise_v at_o what_o you_o say_v out_o of_o cicero_n have_v be_v no_o stranger_n to_o his_o write_n about_o these_o matter_n and_o i_o have_v consult_v the_o place_n you_o refer_v to_o where_o you_o say_v that_o he_o oppose_v corpus_n to_o ignis_fw-la and_o anima_fw-la i._n e._n breath_n and_o that_o the_o foundation_n of_o his_o distinction_n of_o the_o soul_n from_o the_o body_n be_v because_o it_o be_v so_o subtle_a as_o to_o be_v out_o of_o sight_n it_o be_v a_o very_a easy_a matter_n to_o multiply_v citation_n out_o of_o cicero_n where_o spiritus_fw-la and_o anima_fw-la be_v both_o take_v for_o breath_n but_o any_o one_o who_o will_v but_o read_v the_o very_a beginning_n of_o his_o tusculan_a question_n may_v understand_v his_o meaning_n for_o in_o the_o entrance_n of_o that_o dispute_v he_o take_v animus_fw-la for_o the_o soul_n and_o neither_o anima_fw-la nor_o spiritus_fw-la and_o he_o tell_v we_o there_o be_v two_o opinion_n about_o it_o at_o death_n some_o hold_v a_o discessus_fw-la animi_fw-la à _fw-la corpore_fw-la a_o departure_n of_o the_o soul_n from_o the_o body_n other_o say_v that_o the_o soul_n never_o depart_v but_o be_v extinguish_v with_o life_n and_o the_o several_a opinion_n he_o set_v down_o at_o large_a ch._n 9_o 10._o and_o then_o ch._n 11._o he_o sum_n up_o the_o different_a opinion_n and_o say_v he_o if_o it_o be_v the_o heart_n or_o blood_n or_o brain_n because_o it_o be_v a_o body_n it_o will_v be_v extinguish_v with_o it_o if_o it_o be_v anima_fw-la the_o vital_a breath_n it_o will_v be_v dissipate_v if_o it_o be_v fire_n it_o will_v be_v extinguish_v it_o be_v true_a he_o distinguish_v here_o the_o vital_a breath_n from_o the_o body_n and_o no_o one_o question_n such_o a_o distinction_n of_o the_o animal_n and_o vital_a spirit_n from_o the_o grosser_n part_n of_o the_o body_n but_o all_o this_o proceed_v upon_o the_o supposition_n of_o those_o who_o hold_v nothing_o to_o survive_v after_o death_n but_o then_o he_o go_v on_o to_o those_o who_o hold_v the_o soul_n when_o they_o be_v go_v out_o of_o their_o body_n to_o go_v to_o heaven_n as_o their_o proper_a habitation_n and_o here_o he_o plain_o suppose_v the_o soul_n not_o to_o be_v a_o fine_a sort_n of_o body_n but_o of_o a_o different_a nature_n from_o the_o body_n which_o it_o leave_v nam_fw-la corpus_fw-la quidem_fw-la say_v he_o quasi_fw-la vas_fw-la est_fw-la &_o receptaculum_fw-la animi_fw-la c._n 22._o and_o elsewhere_o he_o call_v the_o body_n the_o prison_n of_o the_o soul_n c._n 30._o and_o say_v that_o every_o wise_a man_n be_v glad_a to_o be_v dismiss_v out_o of_o the_o bond_n and_o darkness_n of_o it_o and_o his_o business_n in_o the_o body_n be_v secernere_fw-la animum_fw-la à _fw-la corpore_fw-la to_o draw_v off_o the_o soul_n from_o the_o body_n which_o the_o philosopher_n call_v commentatio_fw-la mortis_fw-la i._n e._n a_o continual_a exercise_n of_o die_v therefore_o say_v he_o disjungamus_fw-la nos_fw-la à _fw-la corporibus_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la consuescamus_fw-la mori_fw-la be_v it_o possible_a now_o to_o think_v so_o great_a a_o man_n look_v on_o the_o soul_n but_o as_o a_o modification_n of_o the_o body_n which_o must_v be_v at_o a_o end_n with_o life_n instead_o of_o it_o there_o be_v several_a thing_n very_o remarkable_a in_o this_o very_a book_n concern_v the_o immortality_n of_o soul_n by_o nature_n 1._o he_o extreme_o despise_v those_o who_o make_v the_o soul_n a_o mere_a mode_n of_o matter_n which_o be_v extinguish_v with_o life_n and_o he_o say_v they_o be_v plebeii_fw-la philosophi_fw-la ch._n 23._o a_o mean_a sort_n of_o philosopher_n and_o in_o another_o place_n minuti_fw-la philosophi_fw-la de_fw-fr senect_n c._n 23._o who_o hold_v there_o be_v no_o sense_n after_o death_n but_o he_o represent_v cato_n there_o as_o weary_a of_o the_o noise_n and_o filth_n of_o this_o world_n and_o longing_n to_o go_v to_o far_o better_a company_n o_o praeclarum_fw-la diem_fw-la cum_fw-la ad_fw-la illud_fw-la divinum_fw-la animorum_fw-la concilium_fw-la coetumque_fw-la proficiscar_fw-la atque_fw-la ex_fw-la hâc_fw-la turbâ_fw-la &_o colluvione_fw-la discedam_fw-la do_v these_o man_n look_v on_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n as_o mere_a modification_n of_o matter_n 2._o he_o urge_v the_o general_a consent_n of_o nation_n for_o the_o permanency_n of_o soul_n after_o death_n c._n 16._o and_o he_o affirm_v nature_n itself_o de_fw-la immortalitate_fw-la animorum_fw-la tacitè_fw-fr judicare_fw-la c._n 14._o and_o i_o do_v not_o think_v the_o general_a consent_n of_o mankind_n in_o this_o matter_n so_o uncertain_a or_o so_o slight_a a_o argument_n as_o some_o have_v make_v it_o even_o since_o the_o late_a discovery_n as_o i_o think_v it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o prove_v but_o i_o shall_v not_o here_o go_v out_o of_o my_o way_n to_o do_v it_o 3._o the_o most_o ancient_a philosopher_n of_o greece_n hold_v the_o same_o opinion_n as_o he_o show_v from_o pherecydes_n pythagoras_n socrates_n plato_n etc._n etc._n c._n 16_o 17_o etc._n etc._n and_o they_o go_v upon_o far_o better_a reason_n than_o the_o other_o as_o he_o prove_v at_o large_a c._n 21_o 22_o 23._o 4._o that_o the_o body_n and_o soul_n of_o man_n have_v a_o different_a frame_n and_o original_a our_o body_n he_o say_v c._n 19_o be_v make_v of_o terrestrial_a principle_n but_o the_o soul_n he_o say_v be_v of_o a_o divine_a original_a and_o if_o we_o can_v give_v a_o account_n how_o they_o be_v make_v we_o shall_v likewise_o how_o they_o be_v dissolve_v c._n 14._o as_o we_o may_v of_o the_o part_n and_o contexture_n of_o body_n but_o say_v he_o animorum_fw-la nulla_fw-la in_o terris_fw-la origo_fw-la inveniri_fw-la potest_fw-la nihil_fw-la est_fw-la enim_fw-la in_o animus_fw-la mixtum_fw-la atque_fw-la concretum_fw-la aut_fw-la quod_fw-la ex_fw-la terra_fw-la natum_fw-la atque_fw-la fictum_fw-la esse_fw-la videatur_fw-la c._n 27._o so_o that_o here_o he_o plain_o make_v a_o difference_n between_o our_o bodily_a substance_n and_o that_o of_o our_o soul_n which_o have_v no_o bodily_a texture_n and_o composition_n because_o there_o be_v no_o material_a substance_n which_o can_v reach_v to_o the_o wonderful_a faculty_n and_o operation_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o therefore_o he_o conclude_v in_o these_o word_n singularis_fw-la est_fw-la igitur_fw-la quaedam_fw-la natura_fw-la atque_fw-la vis_fw-la
animi_fw-la sejuncta_fw-la ab_fw-la his_fw-la usitatis_fw-la notisque_fw-la naturis_fw-la what_o can_v express_v the_o soul_n to_o be_v of_o a_o different_a substance_n from_o the_o body_n if_o these_o word_n do_v it_o not_o and_o present_o add_v that_o the_o mind_n be_v of_o a_o divine_a and_o spiritual_a nature_n and_o above_o material_a composition_n as_o god_n himself_o be_v i_o hope_v this_o may_v give_v you_o satisfaction_n as_o to_o cicero_n how_o far_o he_o be_v from_o make_v the_o soul_n a_o material_a substance_n and_o the_o only_a place_n you_o produce_v out_o of_o he_o c._n 22._o prove_v nothing_o but_o that_o the_o soul_n be_v invisible_a as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o look_v upon_o it_o again_o as_o to_o virgil_n you_o quote_v that_o expression_n dum_fw-la spiritus_fw-la hos_fw-la regit_fw-la artus_fw-la where_o it_o be_v take_v for_o the_o vital_a spirit_n which_o sense_n i_o know_v no_o body_n question_n and_o so_o tully_n express_v life_n quae_fw-la corpore_fw-la &_o spiritu_fw-la continetur_fw-la and_o oppose_v it_o to_o a_o life_n of_o immortal_a fame_n which_o he_o there_o speak_v of_o pro_fw-la marcello_n c._n 9_o but_o the_o only_a matter_n in_o debate_n be_v whether_o they_o exclude_v any_o other_o notion_n of_o spirit_n which_o be_v not_o do_v as_o i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v concern_v cicero_n and_o so_o i_o shall_v of_o virgil_n too_o for_o soon_o after_o aeneid_n 4.385_o he_o have_v these_o word_n et_fw-la cum_fw-la frigida_fw-la mors_fw-la animae_fw-la seduxerit_fw-la artus_n omnibus_fw-la vmbra_fw-la locis_fw-la adero_fw-la dabis_fw-la improbe_fw-la poenas_fw-la which_o show_v that_o virgil_n do_v believe_v the_o soul_n to_o be_v more_o than_o a_o mere_a vital_a spirit_n and_o that_o it_o subsist_v and_o act_v in_o a_o separate_a state_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o servius_n that_o virgil_n use_v spiritus_fw-la mens_fw-la and_o animus_fw-la for_o the_o same_o in_o aeneid_n 6.726_o spiritus_fw-la intus_fw-la alit_fw-la totamque_fw-la infusa_fw-la per_fw-la artus_fw-la mens_fw-la agitat_fw-la molem_fw-la and_o he_o prove_v that_o virgil_n assert_v the_o immortality_n of_o soul_n and_o answer_v the_o argument_n against_o it_o and_o as_o far_o as_o he_o can_v understand_v he_o say_v that_o our_o body_n be_v from_o the_o element_n and_o our_o soul_n from_o god_n and_o the_o poet_n intention_n be_v ut_fw-la animos_fw-la immortales_fw-la diceret_fw-la so_o that_o neither_o cicero_n nor_o virgil_n do_v you_o any_o kindness_n in_o this_o matter_n be_v both_o assertor_n of_o the_o soul_n immortality_n by_o nature_n 71._o if_o these_o will_v not_o do_v you_o bring_v i_o to_o scripture_n and_o say_v that_o solomon_n himself_o speak_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n about_o man_n and_o beast_n as_o the_o one_o die_v so_o die_v the_o other_o yea_o they_o have_v all_o one_o spirit_n eccles._n 3.19_o i_o will_v not_o dispute_v about_o the_o proper_a sense_n of_o the_o hebrew_n word_n but_o i_o must_v about_o solomon_n sense_n for_o although_o he_o make_v life_n and_o death_n common_a to_o man_n and_o beast_n yet_o he_o say_v v_o 21._o the_o spirit_n of_o a_o man_n go_v upward_o and_o the_o spirit_n of_o a_o beast_n go_v down_o to_o the_o earth_n but_o you_o say_v if_o the_o notion_n of_o a_o spirit_n exclude_v materiality_n then_o the_o spirit_n of_o a_o beast_n must_v be_v immaterial_a as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o a_o man._n i_o answer_v that_o although_o the_o bare_a word_n do_v not_o prove_v it_o yet_o the_o design_n of_o solomon_n discourse_n do_v and_o so_o the_o go_v upward_o of_o the_o spirit_n of_o a_o man_n must_v be_v understand_v in_o a_o very_a different_a sense_n from_o the_o go_v downward_o of_o the_o spirit_n of_o a_o beast_n for_o he_o say_v concern_v man_n that_o the_o spirit_n shall_v return_v to_o god_n that_o give_v it_o c._n 12.7_o to_o what_o purpose_n to_o be_v dissipate_v in_o the_o common_a air_n or_o to_o be_v lose_v in_o the_o vast_a confusion_n of_o matter_n no_o but_o he_o conclude_v his_o book_n thus_o v._n 14._o for_o god_n shall_v bring_v every_o work_n into_o judgement_n with_o every_o secret_a thing_n whether_o it_o be_v good_a or_o whether_o it_o be_v evil_a if_o these_o be_v solomon_n word_n as_o no_o doubt_n they_o be_v and_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o sense_n and_o lay_v his_o say_n together_o as_o no_o doubt_n he_o do_v these_o last_o word_n must_v interpret_v the_o forego_n and_o his_o other_o say_n be_v make_v consonant_a to_o this_o yes_o you_o may_v say_v this_o relate_v to_o the_o general_a judgement_n and_o not_o to_o the_o soul_n subsistence_n after_o death_n but_o solomon_n speak_v of_o the_o spirit_n of_o a_o man_n go_v upward_o at_o death_n and_o return_v to_o god_n that_o give_v it_o what_o sense_n be_v there_o in_o this_o if_o it_o be_v a_o material_a substance_n which_o vanish_v and_o be_v dissolve_v then_o and_o if_o the_o soul_n be_v not_o of_o itself_o a_o free_a think_v substance_n i_o do_v not_o see_v what_o foundation_n there_o be_v in_o nature_n for_o a_o day_n of_o judgement_n for_o where_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o matter_n there_o be_v no_o freedom_n of_o act_v where_o there_o be_v no_o liberty_n there_o be_v no_o choice_n where_o there_o be_v no_o choice_n there_o be_v no_o room_n for_o reward_n and_o punishment_n and_o consequent_o no_o day_n of_o judgement_n but_o solomon_n positive_o conclude_v there_o will_v be_v a_o judgement_n to_o come_v as_o to_o good_a and_o evil_a action_n in_o another_o world_n and_o therefore_o he_o must_v be_v understand_v in_o those_o expression_n to_o mean_v a_o free_a and_o think_v and_o consequent_o a_o immaterial_a spirit_n in_o we_o 72._o but_o you_o urge_v far_o that_o our_o saviour_n himself_o oppose_v spirit_n to_o flesh_n and_o bone_n luk._n 24.39_o i_o e._n to_o such_o a_o gross_a compage_n as_o can_v be_v see_v and_o feel_v the_o question_n than_o be_v whether_o it_o be_v the_o real_a body_n of_o christ_n or_o only_o a_o appearance_n of_o it_o and_o how_o can_v this_o be_v resolve_v better_a than_o our_o saviour_n do_v handle_v i_o and_o see_v for_o a_o spirit_n have_v not_o flesh_n and_o bone_n as_o you_o see_v i_o have_v but_o he_o call_v this_o a_o spirit_n what_o follow_v therefore_o a_o spirit_n be_v only_o a_o appearance_n i_o do_v not_o think_v that_o be_v your_o meaning_n and_o no_o body_n question_n but_o the_o name_n of_o spirit_n be_v sometime_o give_v to_o apparition_n but_o this_o be_v far_o from_o our_o case_n which_o be_v whether_o that_o real_a spiritual_a substance_n we_o find_v in_o ourselves_o be_v material_a or_o not_o do_v a_o spiritual_a substance_n imply_v matter_n in_o its_o idea_n or_o not_o you_o can_v say_v it_o do_v then_o it_o may_v be_v immaterial_a but_o how_o come_v we_o to_o know_v thing_n but_o by_o their_o distinct_a idea_n be_v the_o idea_n of_o matter_n and_o spirit_n distinct_a or_o not_o if_o not_o to_o what_o purpose_n do_v we_o talk_v of_o knowledge_n by_o idea_n when_o we_o can_v so_o much_o as_o know_v body_n and_o spirit_n from_o each_o other_o by_o they_o be_v it_o then_o any_o absurdity_n to_o call_v a_o spiritual_a substance_n immaterial_a 73._o no_o you_o say_v you_o will_v not_o be_v think_v to_o affirm_v that_o spirit_n never_o do_v signify_v a_o pure_o immaterial_a substance_n for_o in_o that_o sense_n the_o scripture_n attribute_n the_o notion_n of_o spirit_n to_o god_n and_o you_o have_v prove_v from_o your_o principle_n that_o there_o be_v a_o spiritual_a immaterial_a substance_n and_o this_o you_o think_v prove_v a_o immaterial_a substance_n in_o your_o way_n of_o idea_n but_o of_o that_o afterward_o we_o be_v yet_o upon_o the_o prove_v a_o immaterial_a substance_n in_o ourselves_o from_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v by_o sensation_n and_o reflection_n now_o i_o say_v still_o this_o be_v impossible_a if_o the_o spiritual_a substance_n in_o we_o may_v be_v material_a and_o at_o last_o you_o grant_v that_o what_o i_o say_v be_v true_a 74._o that_o it_o can_v upon_o these_o principle_n be_v demonstrate_v then_o say_v i_o your_o ground_n of_o certainty_n from_o idea_n be_v plain_o give_v up_o 75._o but_o you_o say_v it_o may_v be_v prove_v probable_a to_o the_o high_a degree_n but_o that_o be_v not_o the_o point_n for_o it_o be_v not_o probability_n but_o certainty_n that_o we_o be_v promise_v in_o this_o way_n of_o idea_n and_o that_o the_o foundation_n of_o our_o knowledge_n and_o real_a certainty_n lie_v in_o they_o and_o be_v it_o dwindle_v into_o a_o probability_n at_o last_o the_o only_a reason_n i_o have_v to_o engage_v in_o this_o matter_n be_v a_o bold_a assertion_n that_o the_o idea_n we_o have_v by_o sensation_n or_o reflection_n be_v the_o sole_a matter_n and_o foundation_n of_o all_o our_o reason_v and_o that_o our_o certainty_n lie_v in_o perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o
to_o be_v move_v only_o by_o impulse_n from_o another_o body_n and_o from_o the_o free_a determination_n of_o our_o own_o thought_n be_v two_o idea_n as_o disagree_v with_o each_o other_o as_o we_o can_v well_o imagine_v but_o if_o matter_n may_v think_v it_o may_v have_v liberty_n too_o because_o you_o join_v these_o together_o but_o if_o it_o be_v uncapable_a of_o liberty_n which_o go_v along_o with_o think_v how_o can_v you_o imagine_v it_o shall_v be_v capable_a of_o think_v i_o argue_v from_o your_o notion_n of_o personal_a identity_n which_o you_o place_n in_o self_n consciousness_n 9_o for_o you_o tell_v we_o that_o a_o person_n be_v a_o think_v intelligent_a be_v that_o have_v reason_n and_o reflection_n and_o can_v consider_v itself_o as_o itself_o the_o same_o think_v thing_n in_o different_a time_n and_o place_n which_o it_o do_v only_o by_o that_o consciousness_n which_o be_v inseparable_a from_o think_v and_o seem_v to_o you_o essential_a to_o it_o from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o if_o there_o can_v be_v no_o self-consciousness_n in_o matter_n than_o it_o can_v think_v because_o it_o want_v that_o which_o you_o say_v be_v essential_a to_o it_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o one_o to_o perceive_v but_o he_o must_v perceive_v that_o he_o do_v perceive_v but_o what_o be_v there_o like_a self-consciousness_n in_o matter_n or_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a to_o apprehend_v that_o mere_a body_n shall_v perceive_v that_o it_o do_v perceive_v for_o body_n you_o say_v operate_v only_o by_o impulse_n and_o motion_n i._n e._n one_o body_n upon_o another_o but_o how_o can_v a_o body_n operate_v upon_o itself_o without_o motion_n those_o you_o call_v the_o secondary_a quality_n of_o body_n be_v only_o you_o say_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o power_n in_o some_o body_n upon_o other_o endue_v with_o sense_n and_o perception_n so_o that_o the_o effect_n of_o these_o power_n in_o body_n or_o of_o the_o primary_n quality_n of_o bulk_n site_n figure_n motion_n etc._n etc._n be_v not_o upon_o themselves_o but_o upon_o other_o body_n either_o by_o change_v those_o primary_n quality_n in_o they_o by_o different_a site_n figure_n motion_n etc._n etc._n or_o produce_v those_o effect_n in_o we_o or_o which_o we_o call_v sensible_a quality_n but_o either_o of_o these_o way_n there_o be_v no_o possibility_n for_o matter_n to_o operate_v upon_o itself_o in_o a_o way_n of_o self-consciousness_n if_o then_o every_o intelligent_a think_v be_v have_v this_o so_o inseparable_o belong_v to_o it_o that_o you_o say_v it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o one_o to_o perceive_v without_o perceive_v that_o he_o do_v perceive_v and_o it_o be_v impossible_a from_o the_o idea_n of_o matter_n to_o make_v out_o that_o a_o mere_a body_n can_v perceive_v that_o it_o do_v perceive_v i_o think_v it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a in_o the_o way_n of_o idea_n that_o matter_n can_v think_v 5._o i_o argue_v from_o the_o power_n of_o abstract_v which_o you_o make_v proper_a to_o a_o think_v substance_n 9_o this_o be_v do_v say_v you_o by_o consider_v idea_n in_o the_o mind_n as_o separate_v from_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o place_n and_o this_o power_n of_o abstract_v you_o add_v 10._o put_v a_o perfect_a distinction_n between_o man_n and_o brute_n and_o be_v a_o excellency_n which_o the_o faculty_n of_o brute_n do_v by_o no_o mean_n attain_v to_o 27._o you_o tell_v i_o that_o you_o do_v not_o say_v the_o chief_a excellency_n of_o mankind_n lie_v chief_o or_o any_o way_n in_o this_o that_o brute_n can_v abstract_n for_o brute_n not_o be_v able_a to_o do_v any_o thing_n can_v be_v any_o excellency_n of_o mankind_n but_o i_o hope_v it_o be_v the_o excellency_n of_o mankind_n that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v what_o the_o brute_n can_v and_o you_o say_v this_o put_v a_o perfect_a distinction_n between_o man_n and_o brute_n and_o i_o have_v think_v in_o compare_v man_n and_o brute_n that_o which_o put_v a_o perfect_a distinction_n be_v the_o chief_a excellency_n with_o respect_n to_o they_o but_o let_v that_o be_v as_o it_o will_v the_o thing_n i_o insist_v upon_o be_v the_o power_n of_o abstract_v follow_v that_o of_o think_v so_o close_o that_o you_o utter_o deny_v it_o to_o brute_n but_o if_o it_o may_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o matter_n to_o think_v how_o come_v it_o to_o be_v so_o impossible_a for_o such_o organise_v body_n as_o the_o brute_n have_v to_o enlarge_v their_o idea_n by_o abstraction_n pomponatius_n think_v to_o avoid_v the_o argument_n from_o abstraction_n to_o prove_v the_o soul_n imateriality_n 9_o by_o say_v that_o in_o the_o most_o abstract_a speculation_n the_o mind_n rest_v upon_o particular_n vniversale_fw-la in_o singulari_fw-la speculatur_fw-la but_o this_o do_v not_o reach_v the_o force_n of_o the_o argument_n which_o be_v not_o whether_o the_o mind_n have_v not_o a_o eye_n to_o particular_n when_o it_o form_v universal_a notion_n but_o whether_o the_o power_n of_o form_v such_o abstract_a idea_n from_o particular_n do_v not_o argue_v a_o power_n which_o mere_a matter_n can_v never_o attain_v to_o and_o all_o that_o philosopher_n have_v say_v do_v not_o amount_v to_o the_o least_o proof_n of_o it_o 6._o last_o i_o argue_v from_o the_o reason_n you_o give_v why_o god_n must_v be_v a_o immaterial_a substance_n 139._o for_o these_o be_v the_o word_n in_o your_o letter_n and_o the_o idea_n of_o a_o eternal_a actual_a know_v be_v be_v perceive_v to_o have_v a_o connection_n with_o the_o idea_n of_o immateriality_n by_o the_o intervention_n of_o the_o idea_n of_o matter_n and_o of_o its_o actual_a division_n divisibility_n and_o want_n of_o perception_n etc._n etc._n here_o the_o want_n of_o perception_n be_v own_v to_o be_v so_o essential_a to_o matter_n that_o god_n be_v therefore_o conclude_v to_o be_v immaterial_a and_o this_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o idea_n and_o essential_a property_n of_o matter_n and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o essential_a to_o it_o that_o from_o thence_o you_o conclude_v god_n must_v be_v a_o immaterial_a substance_n i_o think_v the_o same_o reason_n will_v hold_v as_o to_o any_o think_v substance_n because_o the_o argument_n be_v not_o draw_v from_o any_o thing_n peculiar_a to_o the_o divine_a perfection_n but_o from_o the_o general_a idea_n of_o matter_n 73._o but_o after_o all_o you_o tell_v i_o that_o god_n be_v omnipotent_a may_v give_v to_o a_o system_fw-la of_o very_o subtle_a matter_n sense_n and_o motion_n your_o word_n before_o be_v a_o power_n to_o perceive_v or_o think_v and_o about_o that_o all_o our_o debate_n run_v 66._o and_o here_o again_o you_o say_v that_o the_o power_n of_o think_v join_v to_o matter_n make_v it_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n but_o as_o to_o your_o argument_n from_o god_n s_o omnipotency_n i_o answer_v that_o this_o come_v to_o the_o same_o debate_v we_o have_v with_o the_o papist_n about_o the_o possibility_n of_o transubstantiation_n for_o they_o never_o imagine_v that_o a_o body_n can_v be_v present_a after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o spirit_n in_o a_o ordinary_a way_n but_o that_o by_o god_n omnipotent_a power_n it_o may_v be_v make_v so_o but_o our_o answer_n to_o they_o be_v that_o god_n do_v not_o change_v the_o essential_a property_n of_o thing_n while_o the_o thing_n themselves_o remain_v in_o their_o own_o nature_n and_o that_o it_o be_v as_o repugnant_a for_o a_o body_n to_o be_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o spirit_n as_o for_o a_o body_n and_o spirit_n to_o be_v the_o same_o the_o same_o we_o say_v in_o this_o case_n we_o do_v not_o set_v bound_n to_o god_n omnipotency_n for_o he_o may_v if_o he_o please_v change_v a_o body_n into_o a_o immaterial_a substance_n but_o we_o say_v that_o while_o he_o continue_v the_o essential_a property_n of_o thing_n it_o be_v as_o impossible_a for_o matter_n to_o think_v as_o for_o a_o body_n by_o transubstantiation_n to_o be_v present_a after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o spirit_n and_o we_o be_v as_o certain_a of_o one_o as_o we_o be_v of_o the_o other_o these_o thing_n i_o think_v necessary_a on_o this_o occasion_n to_o be_v clear_v because_o i_o look_v on_o a_o mistake_n herein_o to_o be_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n as_o to_o the_o great_a end_n of_o religion_n and_o morality_n which_o you_o think_v may_v be_v secure_v although_o the_o soul_n be_v allow_v to_o be_v a_o material_a substance_n but_o i_o be_o of_o a_o very_a different_a opinion_n for_o if_o god_n do_v not_o change_v the_o essential_a property_n of_o thing_n their_o nature_n remain_v then_o either_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o a_o material_a substance_n to_o think_v or_o it_o must_v be_v assert_v that_o a_o power_n of_o think_v be_v within_o the_o essential_a property_n of_o matter_n and_o so_o think_v will_v be_v such_o a_o mode_n of_o matter_n as_o spinoza_n have_v make_v
immaterial_a most_o perfect_a be_v who_o essential_a attribute_n do_v not_o depend_v upon_o our_o arbitrary_a idea_n nor_o any_o name_n or_o sign_n of_o honour_n we_o give_v he_o nor_o upon_o the_o mere_a enlarge_n the_o idea_n of_o our_o own_o perfection_n or_o such_o as_o we_o account_v to_o be_v so_o in_o ourselves_o for_o we_o attribute_v those_o to_o god_n which_o we_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o as_o eternity_n or_o necessary_a existence_n immutability_n etc._n etc._n herein_o we_o take_v up_o no_o complex_fw-la ideas_n from_o several_a individual_n but_o we_o form_v a_o true_a idea_n of_o a_o divine_a essence_n from_o such_o attribute_n as_o be_v essential_a to_o a_o infinite_o perfect_a be_v which_o be_v infinite_a be_v thereby_o incomprehensible_a by_o we_o and_o so_o you_o own_o that_o the_o great_a god_n of_o who_o and_o from_o who_o be_v all_o thing_n be_v incomprehensible_o infinite_a 1_o and_o that_o god_n be_v infinite_o beyond_o the_o reach_n of_o our_o narrow_a capacity_n ii_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o look_v on_o this_o supreme_a be_v as_o the_o wise_a creator_n of_o all_o thing_n who_o have_v order_v the_o several_a sort_n and_o rank_n of_o being_n in_o the_o world_n according_a to_o his_o own_o eternal_a wisdom_n and_o have_v give_v they_o all_o such_o property_n as_o himself_o think_v fit_a whereby_o they_o be_v real_o and_o essential_o distinguish_v from_o one_o another_o as_o appear_v by_o mankind_n and_o brute_n and_o plant_n and_o no_o man_n that_o ever_o employ_v his_o own_o thought_n can_v think_v that_o these_o be_v distinguish_v from_o each_o other_o only_o by_o a_o act_n of_o our_o mind_n iii_o among_o these_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n wherein_o they_o agree_v and_o some_o wherein_o they_o differ_v they_o all_o agree_v in_o be_v real_a create_v being_n and_o have_v a_o sort_n of_o life_n belong_v to_o they_o but_o they_o differ_v that_o some_o have_v sense_n which_o other_o have_v not_o and_o some_o have_v reason_n and_o understanding_n which_o other_o want_v and_o all_o this_o be_v so_o plain_a and_o evident_a that_o one_o may_v question_v whether_o those_o have_v understanding_n or_o not_o who_o can_v think_v the_o difference_n of_o these_o from_o each_o other_o be_v not_o in_o their_o nature_n but_o only_o depend_v on_o the_o several_a name_n that_o we_o call_v they_o by_o iv._o among_o the_o individual_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n there_o be_v a_o agreement_n in_o the_o same_o essential_a property_n as_o all_o man_n in_o be_v rational_a creature_n and_o there_o be_v a_o real_a difference_n from_o each_o other_o in_o the_o several_a accident_n that_o belong_v to_o they_o as_o to_o time_n place_n quality_n relation_n etc._n etc._n and_o no_o man_n in_o his_o sense_n can_v call_v this_o in_o question_n for_o his_o most_o plain_a and_o simple_a idea_n will_v inform_v he_o of_o it_o v._o the_o question_n now_o be_v whether_o that_o wherein_o they_o do_v all_o agree_v be_v a_o mere_a universal_a name_n and_o abstract_a idea_n or_o not_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o what_o god_n create_v be_v no_o mere_a name_n or_o idea_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o god_n create_v not_o only_a individual_n but_o the_o several_a kind_n with_o the_o difference_n which_o they_o have_v from_o each_o other_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o these_o difference_n do_v not_o lie_v in_o mere_a name_n or_o idea_n how_o come_v it_o than_o not_o to_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v a_o real_a common_a essence_n or_o nature_n in_o the_o individual_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n but_o it_o come_v not_o to_o we_o in_o the_o way_n of_o idea_n if_o it_o be_v so_o the_o way_n of_o idea_n and_o reason_n be_v two_o different_a way_n and_o i_o shall_v never_o forsake_v one_o for_o the_o other_o unless_o i_o can_v see_v better_a reason_n for_o it_o and_o even_o then_o i_o shall_v not_o but_o adhere_v to_o reason_n still_o but_o how_o do_v it_o appear_v by_o reason_n that_o nature_n be_v any_o thing_n else_o but_o a_o collection_n of_o several_a idea_n combine_v into_o one_o complex_n abstract_n idea_n that_o will_v be_v do_v by_o consider_v 1._o what_o these_o idea_n be_v which_o be_v so_o collect_v into_o a_o complex_n idea_n which_o be_v call_v nature_n 2._o what_o that_o essence_n be_v which_o be_v imply_v in_o this_o idea_n whether_o it_o be_v a_o real_a or_o only_o a_o nominal_a essence_n 1._o what_o these_o idea_n be_v of_o which_o this_o complex_n idea_n of_o nature_n consist_v and_o they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o simple_a idea_n of_o particular_a substance_n unite_v together_o without_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o place_n but_o those_o simple_a idea_n may_v be_v consider_v two_o way_n 1._o with_o respect_n to_o the_o quality_n of_o thing_n and_o these_o idea_n be_v say_v to_o be_v true_a and_o adequate_a but_o they_o go_v no_o far_o than_o the_o quality_n which_o reach_v only_o to_o that_o sense_n of_o nature_n as_o it_o be_v take_v for_o property_n 2._o with_o respect_n to_o the_o subject_a of_o they_o which_o be_v the_o nature_n or_o substance_n that_o support_v they_o and_o of_o this_o you_o confess_v we_o have_v only_o imperfect_a and_o inadequate_a idea_n as_o they_o be_v true_a and_o adequate_a and_o so_o they_o be_v not_o the_o true_a representation_n of_o thing_n without_o we_o but_o of_o the_o effect_n of_o such_o power_n in_o they_o as_o produce_v impression_n in_o we_o which_o be_v those_o you_o call_v secondary_a quality_n 169_o and_o in_o that_o sense_n i_o take_v your_o word_n and_o of_o these_o i_o say_v that_o we_o can_v understand_v nothing_o real_o by_o they_o but_o the_o effect_n they_o have_v upon_o we_o i_o e._n the_o power_n and_o not_o the_o idea_n the_o idea_n be_v the_o impression_n on_o our_o mind_n and_o by_o these_o we_o can_v understand_v nothing_o but_o the_o effect_n which_o the_o power_n in_o outward_a object_n have_v upon_o we_o and_o consequent_o not_o the_o nature_n of_o they_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v plain_a sense_n to_o this_o you_o answer_v two_o thing_n 170._o 1._o that_o we_o certain_o know_v to_o distinguish_v thing_n by_o idea_n suppose_v they_o nothing_o but_o effect_n produce_v in_o we_o by_o these_o power_n as_o if_o they_o be_v representation_n 171._o 2._o that_o we_o have_v certain_o as_o much_o pleasure_n and_o delight_n by_o those_o idea_n one_o way_n as_o the_o other_o grant_v all_o this_o to_o be_v true_a what_o be_v it_o to_o the_o complex_n idea_n of_o nature_n which_o arise_v from_o these_o simple_a idea_n nature_n be_v a_o collection_n of_o several_a idea_n combine_v into_o one_o complex_n abstract_n idea_n but_o the_o simple_a idea_n acquaint_v we_o not_o with_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o object_n but_o only_o with_o the_o power_n which_o be_v in_o they_o by_o the_o help_n of_o bulk_n size_n figure_n and_o motion_n which_o you_o call_v the_o primary_n quality_n 23._o now_o these_o you_o say_v be_v real_o in_o the_o thing_n themselves_o whether_o the_o sense_n perceive_v they_o or_o not_o and_o the_o idea_n of_o these_o be_v the_o true_a resemblance_n of_o what_o exist_v in_o the_o object_n i_o e._n that_o by_o the_o impression_n we_o find_v in_o ourselves_o we_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v body_n of_o a_o determinate_a bulk_n size_n figure_n and_o motion_n and_o this_o be_v all_o we_o can_v by_o these_o simple_a idea_n come_v to_o as_o the_o nature_n of_o corporeal_a substance_n but_o suppose_v one_o shall_v ask_v how_o we_o can_v understand_v the_o nature_n of_o these_o operation_n of_o the_o primary_n quality_n in_o produce_v the_o secondary_a we_o be_v soon_o answer_v 25._o that_o there_o be_v no_o conceivable_a connexion_n between_o they_o and_o that_o reason_n can_v show_v how_o body_n by_o their_o bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n shall_v produce_v in_o the_o mind_n the_o idea_n of_o blue_a yellow_a etc._n etc._n and_o so_o we_o be_v extreme_o help_v by_o these_o simple_a idea_n in_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o any_o particular_a substance_n for_o the_o sensible_a quality_n in_o we_o be_v only_o the_o effect_n of_o certain_a power_n in_o the_o object_n cause_v by_o their_o bulk_n size_n figure_n and_o motion_n but_o if_o we_o ask_v how_o they_o be_v produce_v we_o be_v plain_o tell_v that_o our_o reason_n by_o these_o simple_a idea_n can_v reach_v to_o no_o knowledge_n of_o it_o and_o so_o we_o be_v leave_v in_o as_o much_o ignorance_n as_o ever_o as_o to_o the_o manner_n how_o thing_n without_o we_o produce_v idea_n in_o we_o but_o say_v you_o 174._o by_o these_o simple_a idea_n we_o can_v as_o certain_o distinguish_v the_o being_n wherein_n those_o power_n be_v and_o receive_v as_o certain_a advantage_n from_o they_o as_o if_o those_o simple_a idea_n be_v resemblance_n as_o to_o advantage_n from_o
they_o that_o be_v quite_o out_o of_o our_o enquiry_n which_o be_v concern_v the_o idea_n of_o nature_n as_o it_o be_v a_o complexion_n of_o simple_a idea_n and_o all_o that_o it_o amount_v to_o be_v that_o by_o these_o simple_a idea_n we_o understand_v the_o distinct_a power_n in_o several_a body_n to_o produce_v impression_n in_o our_o mind_n and_o by_o the_o secondary_a quality_n we_o find_v in_o ourselves_o we_o be_v certain_a of_o the_o primary_n quality_n in_o body_n from_o their_o different_a bulk_n size_n figure_n and_o motion_n but_o still_o we_o have_v nothing_o but_o a_o idea_n of_o quality_n which_o go_v no_o far_a than_o the_o essential_a property_n but_o the_o idea_n of_o nature_n go_v far_a and_o imply_v that_o be_v wherein_o those_o quality_n be_v and_o that_o i_o say_v which_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o power_n and_o property_n be_v the_o nature_n or_o substance_n of_o it_o which_o in_o this_o respect_n be_v the_o same_o have_v we_o any_o adequate_a idea_n of_o this_o to_o this_o you_o say_v 176._o 2._o that_o all_o idea_n of_o substance_n which_o be_v refer_v to_o real_a essence_n be_v in_o that_o respect_n inadequate_a this_o be_v what_o yourself_o own_o to_o be_v your_o sense_n and_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o desire_v for_o i_o pray_v consider_v what_o a_o fine_a abstract_n complex_fw-la idea_n you_o have_v give_v we_o of_o nature_n our_o adequate_a idea_n go_v no_o far_o than_o quality_n and_o if_o we_o inquire_v into_o the_o real_a essence_n or_o substance_n that_o support_v they_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o they_o be_v inadequate_a and_o consequent_o we_o can_v have_v no_o true_a notion_n or_o idea_n at_o all_o of_o it_o but_o you_o say_v far_o 178._o that_o you_o do_v not_o affirm_v that_o abstract_a idea_n be_v only_o general_a name_n for_o you_o assert_v a_o real_a essence_n in_o thing_n the_o internal_a unknown_a constitution_n be_v the_o real_a essence_n and_o the_o abstract_a idea_n be_v the_o nominal_a essence_n the_o former_a you_o tell_v i_o 181._o you_o do_v ready_o own_o viz._n that_o essence_n which_o be_v in_o particular_a substance_n but_o the_o question_n before_o we_o be_v whether_o that_o which_o be_v in_o more_o individual_n than_o one_o be_v a_o real_a or_o only_o a_o nominal_a essence_n 2._o and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o we_o be_v next_o to_o examine_v to_o clear_v this_o i_o put_v the_o instance_n of_o the_o sun_n where_o a_o essence_n be_v say_v by_o you_o to_o be_v in_o one_o individual_a and_o yet_o more_o sun_n may_v agree_v in_o it_o in_o this_o one_o sun_n there_o be_v a_o real_a essence_n and_o not_o a_o mere_a nominal_a and_o abstract_a essence_n upon_o which_o i_o ask_v if_o there_o be_v more_o sun_n will_v not_o each_o of_o they_o have_v the_o real_a essence_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o what_o be_v it_o make_v the_o second_o sun_n to_o be_v a_o true_a sun_n but_o have_v the_o same_o real_a essence_n with_o the_o first_o if_o it_o be_v but_o a_o nominal_a essence_n than_o the_o second_o will_v have_v nothing_o but_o the_o name_n here_o i_o must_v examine_v your_o answer_n as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v understand_v it_o for_o here_o indeed_o you_o may_v complain_v of_o the_o want_n of_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n but_o i_o will_v do_v what_o i_o can_v to_o explain_v that_o which_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v your_o sense_n 190._o you_o say_v this_o do_v not_o at_o all_o concern_v the_o real_a but_o the_o nominal_a essence_n how_o be_v this_o possible_a be_v there_o not_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o that_o individual_a we_o call_v the_o sun_n but_o i_o put_v the_o case_n that_o there_o be_v a_o multiplication_n of_o individual_n and_o there_o be_v more_o sun_n will_v not_o each_o of_o these_o have_v the_o real_a essence_n of_o the_o sun_n if_o it_o be_v only_o a_o nominal_a essence_n the_o rest_n will_v have_v only_o the_o name_n 191._o but_o you_o say_v you_o do_v not_o mean_v the_o real_a essence_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o that_o individual_a how_o can_v you_o mean_v otherwise_o when_o you_o acknowledge_v the_o real_a essence_n to_o be_v in_o particular_a substance_n and_o be_v not_o the_o sun_n a_o particular_a substance_n but_o the_o idea_n of_o it_o be_v a_o complex_n and_o abstract_a idea_n can_v not_o be_v the_o real_a essence_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v communicate_v to_o another_o be_v a_o real_a essence_n or_o else_o the_o second_o be_v but_o the_o name_n and_o nothing_o else_o you_o tell_v i_o that_o you_o say_v express_o that_o our_o distinguish_a substance_n into_o species_n by_o name_n be_v not_o at_o all_o found_v on_o their_o real_a essence_n and_o i_o think_v it_o be_v clear_a to_o any_o one_o that_o understand_v thing_n and_o not_o mere_a idea_n that_o another_o true_a sun_n must_v have_v the_o real_a essence_n of_o a_o sun_n you_o ask_v what_o i_o mean_v by_o a_o true_a sun_n i_o answer_v that_o which_o have_v the_o essence_n of_o a_o sun_n and_o that_o the_o name_n can_v be_v true_o apply_v to_o that_o which_o have_v it_o not_o yes_o say_v you_o it_o may_v to_o any_o thing_n which_o have_v unite_v in_o it_o that_o combination_n of_o sensible_a quality_n by_o which_o any_o thing_n else_o that_o be_v call_v sun_n be_v distinguish_v from_o other_o substance_n i._n e._n by_o the_o nominal_a essence_n so_o that_o now_o the_o abstract_n complex_fw-la idea_n be_v own_v to_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o combination_n of_o quality_n in_o one_o idea_n but_o i_o must_v still_o ask_v what_o become_v of_o this_o combination_n of_o quality_n in_o the_o second_o sun_n if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o real_a essence_n to_o support_v they_o you_o grant_v it_o when_o the_o second_o sun_n come_v to_o exist_v and_o if_o it_o do_v not_o exist_v how_o can_v it_o be_v the_o second_o sun_n shall_v it_o be_v true_a 193._o say_v you_o that_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o any_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n yet_o it_o can_v not_o be_v call_v by_o we_o the_o sun_n whilst_o it_o answer_v not_o our_o complex_n idea_n or_o nominal_a essence_n of_o a_o sun_n if_o the_o real_a essence_n of_o a_o sun_n be_v in_o a_o fix_a star_n it_o be_v real_o a_o sun_n whether_o you_o call_v it_o so_o or_o not_o as_o a_o laplander_n be_v as_o real_o a_o man_n whatever_o you_o call_v he_o if_o he_o have_v the_o essence_n of_o a_o man._n and_o it_o be_v strange_a to_o i_o to_o find_v any_o man_n dispute_v such_o evident_a thing_n and_o so_o i_o come_v to_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o individual_n among_o men._n i_o say_v that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o real_a essence_n in_o every_o individual_a of_o the_o same_o kind_n peter_n james_n and_o john_n be_v all_o true_a and_o real_a man_n not_o by_o attribute_v a_o general_a name_n to_o they_o but_o because_o the_o true_a and_o real_a essence_n of_o a_o man_n be_v in_o every_o one_o of_o they_o 195._o but_o you_o say_v i_o first_o suppose_v they_o to_o be_v man_n no_o otherwise_o than_o as_o they_o be_v individual_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n your_o weweena_n cuchepy_a and_o cousheda_n i_o have_v nothing_o to_o say_v to_o they_o may_v be_v drill_v for_o any_o thing_n i_o know_v but_o peter_n james_n and_o john_n be_v man_n of_o our_o own_o country_n and_o we_o know_v they_o to_o be_v several_a individual_n of_o the_o race_n of_o mankind_n and_o what_o be_v it_o make_v they_o man_n but_o that_o the_o true_a and_o real_a essence_n of_o a_o man_n be_v in_o every_o one_o of_o they_o yes_o say_v you_o 197._o if_o make_v be_v take_v for_o the_o efficient_a cause_n whoever_o dream_v of_o a_o specific_a essence_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n but_o i_o say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o true_a and_o real_a essence_n of_o a_o man_n which_o make_v every_o individual_a a_o true_a and_o real_a man_n of_o which_o i_o say_v we_o be_v as_o certain_a as_o that_o we_o be_v men._n 198._o that_o say_v you_o be_v only_o by_o our_o sense_n find_v those_o property_n which_o answer_v the_o abstract_n complex_n idea_n which_o be_v in_o our_o mind_n of_o the_o specific_a idea_n to_o which_o we_o have_v annex_v the_o specific_a name_n man._n i_o leave_v to_o you_o the_o honour_n of_o this_o scholastic_a language_n which_o be_v always_o most_o proper_a when_o there_o be_v nothing_o under_o it_o i_o love_v to_o speak_v plain_a sense_n if_o i_o can_v and_o so_o as_o to_o be_v understand_v by_o every_o one_o that_o be_v acquaint_v with_o these_o matter_n but_o these_o specific_a name_n and_o abstract_n and_o complex_n idea_n i_o think_v tend_v to_o confound_v man_n apprehension_n who_o can_v never_o think_v otherwise_o but_o that_o every_o man_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o true_a real_a
man_n not_o for_o any_o specific_a name_n but_o because_o his_o property_n show_v he_o to_o be_v endue_v with_o the_o true_a real_a essence_n of_o a_o man._n i_o say_v that_o the_o general_a idea_n be_v not_o make_v from_o the_o simple_a idea_n but_o by_o mere_a act_n of_o the_o mind_n abstract_v from_o circumstance_n but_o from_o reason_n and_o consideration_n of_o thing_n you_o reply_v 199._o that_o you_o think_v reason_n and_o consideration_n have_v be_v mere_a act_n of_o the_o mind_n when_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v by_o they_o i_o hope_v the_o idea_n you_o have_v of_o the_o act_n of_o your_o own_o mind_n be_v clear_a than_o those_o you_o have_v of_o other_o man_n for_o it_o be_v plain_a i_o oppose_v your_o general_n and_o abstract_a idea_n by_o a_o mere_a act_n of_o the_o mind_n to_o a_o rational_a inference_n from_o the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o thing_n for_o i_o add_v for_o when_o i_o see_v so_o many_o individual_n that_o have_v the_o same_o power_n and_o property_n we_o thence_o infer_v there_o must_v be_v something_o common_a to_o all_o which_o make_v they_o of_o one_o kind_n and_o if_o the_o difference_n of_o kind_n be_v real_a that_o which_o make_v they_o of_o one_o kind_n and_o not_o of_o another_o must_v not_o be_v a_o nominal_a but_o a_o real_a essence_n be_v there_o now_o no_o difference_n between_o these_o two_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n viz._n abstraction_n and_o ratiocination_n 201._o and_o you_o grant_v that_o the_o inference_n be_v true_a but_o you_o say_v it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o the_o general_a or_o specific_a idea_n be_v not_o make_v by_o the_o mere_a act_n of_o the_o mind_n where_o do_v i_o deny_v that_o abstraction_n be_v make_v by_o a_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n but_o that_o be_v not_o the_o question_n but_o whether_o the_o notion_n of_o essence_n in_o individual_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n be_v a_o mere_a act_n of_o the_o mind_n by_o abstraction_n or_o have_v a_o real_a foundation_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n i._o e._n whether_o it_o be_v a_o real_a or_o a_o nominal_a essence_n but_o you_o say_v 20â—_n there_o may_v be_v objection_n to_o the_o name_n of_o nominal_a essence_n my_o objection_n be_v not_o to_o the_o name_n but_o to_o the_o thing_n you_o understand_v by_o it_o viz._n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o beyond_o individual_n but_o name_n which_o utter_o overthrow_v the_o difference_n of_o nature_n and_o person_n for_o if_o there_o be_v nothing_o real_o but_o a_o individuated_a essence_n than_o it_o must_v follow_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o difference_n of_o hypostasis_n in_o the_o same_o nature_n for_o nature_n individuate_v must_v take_v in_o the_o hypostasis_fw-la and_o nature_n be_v take_v as_o common_a be_v affirm_v by_o you_o to_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o abstract_n and_o complex_n idea_n and_o a_o mere_a nominal_a essence_n you_o say_v 203._o that_o we_o can_v know_v the_o difference_n of_o thing_n by_o their_o real_a essence_n and_o what_o then_o do_v i_o ever_o deny_v that_o the_o difference_n of_o kind_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v from_o the_o different_a property_n but_o we_o be_v not_o upon_o our_o knowledge_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o species_n but_o upon_o the_o real_a and_o nominal_a essence_n and_o i_o show_v that_o the_o real_a essence_n do_v not_o depend_v upon_o complex_n idea_n because_o if_o man_n mistake_v never_o so_o much_o in_o the_o combination_n of_o idea_n yet_o the_o same_o essence_n remain_v as_o i_o instance_a in_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o man_n a_o horse_n and_o a_o tree_n 210._o true_o you_o say_v our_o thought_n or_o idea_n can_v alter_v the_o real_a constitution_n of_o thing_n that_o exist_v but_o the_o change_n of_o idea_n can_v and_o do_v alter_v the_o signification_n of_o their_o name_n and_o thereby_o alter_v the_o kind_n which_o by_o these_o name_n we_o rank_a and_o sort_v they_o into_o but_o this_o do_v by_o no_o mean_n reach_v the_o point_n which_o be_v not_o concern_v our_o sort_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v by_o name_n but_o god_n sort_v they_o when_o he_o make_v they_o of_o different_a kind_n for_o so_o i_o say_v that_o the_o essence_n remain_v always_o the_o same_o because_o they_o do_v not_o depend_v on_o the_o idea_n of_o man_n but_o on_o the_o will_n of_o the_o creator_n who_o have_v make_v several_a sort_n of_o being_n 212._o all_o the_o answer_v you_o give_v be_v this_o that_o the_o real_a constitution_n or_o essence_n of_o particular_a thing_n exist_v do_v not_o depend_v on_o the_o idea_n of_o man_n but_o on_o the_o will_n of_o the_o creator_n but_o their_o be_v rank_v into_o sort_n under_o such_o and_o such_o name_n do_v depend_v and_o whole_o depend_v upon_o the_o idea_n of_o men._n but_o my_o argument_n do_v not_o proceed_v upon_o particular_a thing_n exist_v but_o upon_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o god_n make_v and_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o you_o to_o think_v that_o the_o kind_n be_v not_o of_o his_o make_n but_o that_o man_n only_o by_o their_o idea_n make_v the_o several_a sort_n if_o so_o i_o have_v very_o little_a hope_n to_o remove_v you_o from_o your_o idea_n but_o i_o be_o bind_v to_o do_v what_o in_o i_o lie_v to_o hinder_v such_o notion_n from_o overthrow_v the_o mystery_n of_o our_o faith_n and_o it_o be_v a_o great_a satisfaction_n to_o i_o to_o find_v that_o these_o notion_n of_o idea_n as_o far_o as_o they_o tend_v that_o way_n have_v so_o very_o little_a foundation_n in_o reason_n or_o rather_o be_v so_o manifest_o repugnant_a to_o they_o before_o i_o conclude_v myself_o i_o must_v take_v notice_n of_o your_o conclusion_n viz._n that_o you_o must_v content_v yourself_o with_o this_o condemn_a way_n of_o idea_n and_o despair_v of_o ever_o attain_v any_o knowledge_n by_o any_o other_o than_o that_o or_o far_o than_o that_o will_v lead_v i_o to_o it_o which_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o say_v that_o you_o see_v no_o way_n to_o avoid_v scepticism_n but_o this_o but_o my_o great_a prejudice_n against_o it_o be_v that_o it_o lead_v to_o scepticism_n or_o at_o least_o that_o i_o can_v find_v no_o way_n to_o attain_v to_o certainty_n in_o it_o upon_o your_o own_o ground_n for_o 1._o you_o say_v 1_o that_o knowledge_n to_o you_o seem_v to_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o connexion_n and_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n and_o repugnancy_n of_o any_o of_o our_o idea_n in_o this_o alone_a it_o consist_v whence_o it_o unavoidable_o follow_v that_o where_o we_o can_v have_v no_o idea_n we_o can_v have_v no_o knowledge_n but_o you_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v many_o more_o being_n in_o the_o world_n 23._o of_o which_o we_o have_v no_o idea_n than_o those_o of_o which_o we_o have_v any_o and_o that_o one_o hold_v no_o proportion_n to_o the_o other_o so_o that_o we_o be_v exclude_v from_o any_o possibility_n of_o attain_v to_o knowledge_n as_o to_o the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o the_o universe_n for_o want_v of_o idea_n and_o yet_o you_o say_v that_o he_o that_o will_v consider_v the_o infinite_a power_n wisdom_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o creator_n of_o all_o thing_n will_v find_v reason_n to_o think_v it_o be_v not_o all_o lay_v out_o upon_o so_o inconsiderable_a mean_a and_o impotent_a a_o creature_n as_o he_o will_v find_v man_n to_o be_v who_o in_o all_o probability_n be_v one_o of_o the_o low_a of_o all_o intellectual_a being_n and_o not_o long_o after_o 27._o you_o say_v that_o the_o intellectual_a world_n be_v a_o great_a certain_o and_o more_o beautiful_a world_n than_o the_o material_a but_o whence_o come_v this_o certainty_n where_o there_o can_v be_v no_o idea_n be_v a_o general_a reason_n sufficient_a without_o particular_a idea_n then_o why_o not_o in_o other_o case_n as_o well_o 2._o suppose_v we_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o the_o intellectual_a world_n yet_o sure_o we_o may_v have_v as_o to_o the_o visible_a world_n no_o you_o say_v 24_o that_o although_o we_o have_v idea_n of_o bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n in_o general_a yet_o not_o know_v what_o be_v the_o particular_a bulk_n figure_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o universe_n we_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o several_a power_n efficacy_n and_o way_n of_o operation_n whereby_o the_o effect_n we_o daily_o see_v be_v produce_v these_o be_v hide_v from_o we_o in_o some_o thing_n by_o be_v too_o remote_a in_o other_o by_o be_v two_o minute_n so_o that_o you_o confess_v 26._o we_o can_v attain_v to_o no_o science_n 27._o either_o as_o to_o body_n or_o spirit_n and_o what_o a_o narrow_a compass_n must_v our_o knowledge_n then_o be_v confine_v to_o you_o confess_v 25._o we_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o the_o mechanical_a assertion_n of_o the_o minute_n particle_n of_o body_n and_o this_o hinder_v our_o