the_o liver_n and_o the_o spleen_n the_o low_a and_o hindmost_a wing_n arise_v from_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la at_o the_o back_n table_n 1._o figure_n 1._o ccc_o present_o under_o the_o midriff_n and_o be_v lead_v to_o the_o hollow_a side_n of_o the_o liver_n it_o cleave_v yet_o but_o seldom_o to_o a_o part_n of_o it_o as_o also_o to_o the_o midriff_n to_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o stomach_n almost_o to_o the_o whole_a gut_n call_v duodenum_fw-la and_o to_o the_o hollow_a part_n of_o the_o spleen_n and_o grow_v fast_o to_o the_o stomach_n and_o to_o the_o colic_n gut_n table_n 1._o connexion_n connexion_n figure_n 1._o gg_fw-mi all_o the_o way_n the_o same_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n so_o that_o to_o that_o gut_n it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v table_n 1._o figure_n 2._o hh_o a_o mesenterie_n in_o dog_n it_o be_v neither_o tie_v to_o the_o colon_n nor_o to_o any_o other_o gut_n in_o ape_n only_o to_o the_o right_a part_n of_o the_o colon._n many_o vein_n but_o only_o from_o the_o port_n vein_n pass_v through_o both_o his_o wing_n through_o vein_n his_o vessel_n vein_n the_o upper_a from_o two_o vein_n which_o pass_v by_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n which_o be_v call_v the_o right_a and_o the_o leave_v tab._n 3._o h_n and_o x_o gastra_fw-mi epiplois_fw-fr infinite_o propagate_v oblique_o downward_o table_n 1._o figure_n 1._o kk_v mm._n through_o the_o low_a wing_n from_o those_o vein_n which_o pass_v into_o the_o spleen_n table_n 1._o fig._n 1._o ux_fw-fr figure_n 2._o bcd_a which_o be_v diverse_o spread_v sometime_o with_o a_o fourfold_a branch_n as_o in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o port_n vein_n shall_v be_v say_v for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o adjacent_a part_n tabula_fw-la ii_o the_o low_a belly_n with_o the_o upper_a membrane_n of_o the_o kall_n tear_v up_o and_o turn_v above_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o chest_n and_o the_o stomach_n the_o stomach_n also_o remove_v out_o of_o his_o seat_n to_o the_o chest_n that_o the_o low_a membrane_n of_o the_o kall_n may_v the_o better_o be_v perceive_v as_o also_o the_o gut_n remain_v in_o their_o natural_a position_n and_o a_o part_n of_o the_o spleen_n be_v herein_o decipher_v the_o fat_a be_v very_o plentiful_a about_o the_o vessel_n table_n 1._o figure_n 1._o d_o e_o f_o but_o in_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o they_o none_o at_o all_o in_o a_o ordinary_a fat_a man_n it_o may_v amount_v to_o a_o pound_n or_o a_o pound_n kell_n the_o fat_a of_o the_o kell_n and_o a_o half_a and_o among_o it_o do_v run_v innumerable_a glandule_n or_o kernel_n which_o suck_n up_o the_o feculent_a moisture_n which_o be_v separate_v in_o the_o first_o concoction_n wherefore_o see_n it_o be_v not_o engender_v of_o any_o portion_n of_o the_o blood_n as_o that_o fat_a call_v pinguedo_fw-la or_o as_o other_o fat_n therefore_o it_o easy_o putrifi_v so_o that_o if_o upon_o a_o wound_n it_o fall_v out_o of_o the_o body_n it_o become_v present_o rot_v which_o happen_v not_o to_o the_o other_o fat_v under_o the_o skin_n or_o in_o other_o part_n the_o use_n of_o the_o fat_a of_o the_o kall_n be_v to_o cherish_v and_o to_o comfort_v the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n for_o the_o upper_a part_n thereof_o be_v warm_v by_o the_o liver_n which_o lie_v upon_o it_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v kell_n the_o use_n of_o the_o fat_a of_o the_o kell_n that_o the_o kall_n attayn_v not_o so_o high_a as_o also_o to_o increase_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o gut_n for_o both_o these_o part_n be_v membranous_a and_o without_o blood_n and_o therefore_o their_o natural_a heat_n be_v but_o weak_a now_o this_o comfort_n the_o kall_n afford_v not_o only_o by_o his_o own_o heat_n which_o yet_o be_v the_o more_o because_o of_o the_o manifold_a vein_n and_o artery_n which_o be_v weave_v together_o through_o his_o substance_n but_o also_o because_o be_v thick_a and_o bed_v together_o it_o much_o hinder_v the_o heat_n from_o dissipation_n and_o the_o incursion_n also_o of_o outward_a cold_a and_o so_o by_o consequence_n be_v a_o great_a help_n and_o furtherer_n of_o concoction_n and_o that_o it_o be_v ordain_v to_o increase_v heat_n galen_n in_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o in_o the_o nine_o chapter_n make_v manifest_a by_o the_o example_n of_o those_o who_o have_v get_v a_o deep_a wound_n in_o their_o belly_n so_o that_o a_o part_n of_o the_o kall_n fall_v out_o do_v ever_o after_o worse_o concoct_v their_o nourishment_n and_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o stomacher_n or_o other_o cover_n upon_o their_o belly_n to_o keep_v they_o warm_v especial_o when_o much_o of_o it_o fall_v out_o for_o it_o present_o grow_v livid_a and_o constrain_v the_o chirurgeon_n to_o take_v it_o off_o so_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la if_o the_o kall_n fall_v out_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n it_o putrifi_v necessary_o and_o galen_n in_o the_o place_n before_o name_v say_v he_o take_v almost_o all_o of_o galen_n aestuary_o out_o of_o galen_n it_o from_o a_o fencer_n who_o be_v present_o cure_v but_o ever_o after_o be_v easy_o offend_v with_o cold_a so_o as_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o defend_v his_o belly_n with_o wool_n hereto_o also_o aristotle_n assent_v in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr partibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la nature_n say_v he_o abuse_v the_o kall_n to_o help_v the_o concoction_n of_o the_o aliment_n that_o it_o may_v be_v do_v with_o more_o ease_n and_o great_a expedition_n for_o heat_n concoct_v now_o that_o which_o be_v fat_a be_v hot_a and_o therefore_o the_o kall_n be_v aristotle_n aristotle_n fat_a must_v needs_o concoct_v another_o use_n of_o the_o kall_n be_v to_o keep_v the_o gut_n moist_a because_o they_o be_v often_o distend_v &_o again_o corrugate_v as_o they_o be_v fill_v with_o chylus_n or_o empry_v of_o it_o again_o a_o three_o use_n be_v that_o in_o time_n of_o necessity_n and_o affamishment_n say_v galen_n in_o the_o xi_o chapter_n of_o the_o four_o galen_n galen_n book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la it_o may_v supply_v a_o kind_n of_o subsidiarie_n nourishment_n to_o the_o natural_a heat_n the_o use_n of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o kall_n or_o kell_n be_v to_o sustain_v the_o branch_n of_o the_o gate_n vein_n and_o the_o coeliacall_a artery_n which_o pass_v into_o the_o stomach_n the_o spleen_n the_o gut_n kell_n the_o use_n of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o kell_n call_v duodenum_fw-la and_o the_o colic_n gut_n again_o to_o knit_v the_o stomach_n the_o duodenum_fw-la and_o the_o colic_n gut_n unto_o the_o back_n to_o couple_v together_o the_o liver_n and_o the_o spleen_n archangelus_n add_v that_o the_o thick_a and_o bloody_a vapour_n arise_v from_o the_o part_n contain_v archangelus_n archangelus_n in_o the_o low_a belly_n may_v cleave_v into_o these_o membrane_n and_o by_o their_o densitie_n and_o thightnesse_n or_o fastness_n be_v condense_v or_o curdle_v into_o fat_a that_o so_o good_a a_o vapour_n as_o may_v afterward_o be_v turn_v into_o nourishment_n shall_v not_o vapour_n out_o in_o vain_a final_o laurentius_n add_v another_o use_n of_o the_o membrane_n out_o of_o hypocrates_n book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_fw-la that_o hypocrates_n leurentius_n out_o of_o hypocrates_n when_o the_o humour_n which_o come_v from_o the_o gut_n be_v so_o plentiful_a that_o it_o can_v be_v receyve_v and_o assume_v into_o the_o glandule_n the_o overplus_a may_v be_v reserve_v in_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o kell_n chap._n iii_o a_o brief_a description_n of_o the_o gate-veine_n and_o his_o branch_n now_o because_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o gate-veine_n and_o the_o caeliacall_a or_o stomach_n artery_n must_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o order_n of_o dissection_n before_o we_o come_v to_o the_o gut_n or_o else_o they_o will_v be_v offend_v i_o have_v think_v it_o not_o amiss_o place_n why_o we_o treat_v of_o they_o in_o this_o place_n to_o give_v you_o a_o brief_a description_n of_o they_o in_o this_o place_n refer_v the_o large_a and_o more_o exact_a discourse_n unto_o the_o proper_a history_n of_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n first_o therefore_o the_o gate-veine_n so_o call_v because_o through_o it_o as_o through_o a_o gate_n the_o chylus_n be_v convey_v into_o the_o liver_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o hollow_a part_n bauhine_v the_o original_a of_o the_o gate-veine_n bauhine_v of_o the_o liver_n betwixt_o the_o two_o small_a eminency_n of_o swell_n thereof_o which_o hypocrates_n call_v portas_fw-la the_o gate_n some_o think_v it_o be_v propagate_v from_o the_o umbilicall_a vein_n which_o proceed_v out_o of_o that_o cavity_n we_o will_v divide_v it_o into_o the_o trunk_n and_o branch_n the_o trunk_n before_o it_o be_v divide_v tab._n 3._o r_o send_v forth_o two_o small_a shoot_v from_o his_o forepart_n call_v gemellae_fw-la cysticae_fw-la
of_o themselves_o make_v the_o species_n of_o the_o creature_n if_o it_o be_v grant_v also_o according_a to_o aristotle_n that_o they_o be_v imperfect_a essence_n or_o being_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v aristotle_n aristotle_n mix_v otherwise_o they_o can_v be_v nourish_v or_o animate_v together_o as_o hypocrates_n say_v in_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la and_o in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la he_o blame_v they_o that_o doubt_n whether_o of_o two_o fire_n a_o three_o may_v arise_v if_o any_o man_n say_v he_o deny_v that_o a_o soul_n be_v mingle_v with_o a_o soul_n that_o be_v one_o seed_n with_o another_o let_v he_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o idiot_n in_o physic_n and_o in_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la if_o the_o geniture_n proceed_v from_o both_o the_o parent_n be_v retain_v in_o the_o womb_n of_o the_o woman_n they_o be_v present_o mix_v into_o one_o and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o effusion_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o both_o sex_n the_o pleasure_n thereupon_o conceive_v and_o the_o permixtion_n of_o the_o seed_n themselves_o qvest._n xii_o whether_o the_o womb_n have_v any_o operative_a or_o active_a power_n in_o the_o conformation_n of_o the_o creature_n it_o will_v not_o be_v hard_a to_o untie_v this_o knot_n according_a to_o the_o philosopher_n rule_v there_o be_v a_o double_a agent_n one_o principal_a another_o helpful_a or_o assistant_n only_o a_o principal_a agent_n no_o man_n will_v say_v the_o womb_n be_v because_o then_o a_o woman_n can_v conceive_v agent_n a_o double_a agent_n alone_o without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o man_n and_o beside_o female_n only_o males_n never_o shall_v be_v form_v the_o womb_n therefore_o work_v as_o causa_fw-la sine_fw-la qua_fw-la non_fw-la a_o cause_n not_o so_o much_o of_o the_o be_v as_o without_o which_o it_o can_v not_o be_v because_o it_o awake_v and_o stir_v up_o the_o sleepy_a and_o hide_a virtue_n of_o the_o seed_n the_o physician_n make_v three_o kind_n of_o physician_n 3._o kind_n of_o efficent_a cause_n among_o physician_n efficient_a cause_n principal_a help_v or_o that_o without_o which_o a_o thing_n can_v be_v do_v so_o in_o purgation_n the_o principal_a cause_n be_v the_o propriety_n of_o the_o medicine_n the_o help_v cause_n be_v the_o hot_a temper_n the_o cause_n sine_fw-la qua_fw-la non_fw-la be_v our_o natural_a heat_n without_o which_o the_o power_n of_o the_o medicine_n be_v drowsy_a will_v never_o be_v bring_v into_o act_n so_o in_o the_o conformation_n of_o the_o infant_n the_o principal_a cause_n be_v the_o seed_n i_o mean_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o seed_n by_o which_o as_o by_o workman_n the_o soul_n which_o be_v the_o noble_a and_o chief_a architect_n frame_v a_o mansion_n fit_a for_o the_o performance_n of_o her_o different_a function_n the_o help_v cause_n be_v a_o laudable_a temper_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o of_o the_o womb_n the_o causa_fw-la sine_fw-la qua_fw-la non_fw-la be_v the_o womb_n for_o because_o the_o seed_n be_v not_o actual_o animate_v but_o only_o potential_o they_o need_v another_o principle_n whereby_o their_o work_v how_o many_o way_n the_o womb_n work_v power_n may_v be_v bring_v into_o act_n the_o womb_n therefore_o work_v diverse_a way_n first_o of_o all_o it_o draw_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o man_n through_o the_o neck_n no_o otherwise_o then_o a_o hart_n draw_v a_o snake_n by_o his_o nostril_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o seed_n be_v not_o pour_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o womb_n as_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_n think_v but_o into_o the_o neck_n thereof_o the_o bottom_n traction_n first_o by_o traction_n therefore_o of_o the_o womb_n meet_v with_o the_o seed_n half_a way_n and_o with_o his_o inward_a mouth_n as_o with_o a_o hand_n it_o snatch_v it_o unto_o itself_o and_o lay_v it_o up_o safe_o in_o her_o bosom_n and_o even_o as_o say_v galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr semine_fw-la a_o hungry_a stomach_n run_v with_o his_o bottom_n even_o unto_o the_o throat_n to_o snatch_v the_o meat_n out_o of_o the_o mouth_n before_o it_o be_v half_o chew_v so_o the_o womb_n which_o be_v the_o very_a seat_n of_o concupiscence_n be_v desirous_a and_o long_a after_o the_o seed_n move_v itself_o whole_o even_o to_o the_o privity_n and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o action_n of_o the_o womb_n to_o wit_n the_o traction_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o man_n the_o second_o action_n of_o the_o womb_n be_v the_o permixtion_n of_o the_o seed_n now_o they_o be_v mix_v either_o mixtion_n 2._o by_o mixtion_n by_o themselves_o or_o by_o another_o not_o of_o themselves_o because_o they_o be_v not_o always_o avoid_v at_o the_o same_o time_n as_o we_o have_v in_o the_o question_n before_o go_v prove_v out_o of_o hypocrates_n &_o aristotle_n neither_o yet_o be_v they_o ejaculate_v into_o the_o same_o place_n for_o the_o man_n seed_n be_v cast_v into_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n the_o woman_n into_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bottom_n which_o we_o call_v the_o horn_n of_o the_o womb_n the_o womb_n therefore_o make_v this_o permixtion_n of_o the_o seed_n which_o the_o barbarian_n call_v aggregation_n the_o three_o action_n of_o the_o womb_n be_v the_o retention_n of_o the_o seed_n in_o which_o the_o woman_n feel_v a_o manifest_a motion_n of_o the_o womb_n for_o it_o gather_v crumple_v and_o corrugate_v itself_o retention_n 3._o by_o retention_n and_o so_o exquisite_o shut_v his_o orifice_n that_o it_o will_v not_o admit_v the_o point_n of_o a_o probe_n the_o last_o action_n of_o the_o womb_n be_v the_o suscitation_n or_o raise_v up_o of_o the_o seed_n which_o we_o conception_n 4._o by_o conception_n common_o call_v conception_n now_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v raise_v or_o rouse_v not_o so_o much_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o womb_n as_o by_o his_o inbred_a propriety_n for_o if_o the_o seed_n shall_v be_v cast_v into_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n though_o it_o be_v hot_a than_o the_o womb_n it_o will_v not_o be_v conceyve_v but_o putrify_v after_o conception_n the_o action_n of_o the_o womb_n cease_v the_o whole_a process_n of_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n in_o fourm_v nourish_a and_o increase_v be_v leave_v unto_o the_o infant_n this_o one_o thing_n the_o womb_n perform_v it_o contain_v preserve_v and_o cherish_v the_o infant_n because_o the_o place_n be_v the_o preserver_n of_o that_o which_o be_v place_v therein_o qvest._n xiii_o of_o vicious_a or_o faulty_a conception_n and_o especial_o of_o the_o mola_n that_o conception_n be_v make_v by_o the_o inbred_a propriety_n of_o the_o womb_n this_o among_o the_o rest_n manifest_o proove_v that_o into_o what_o part_n of_o the_o body_n soever_o save_v into_o this_o the_o seed_n be_v pour_v this_o power_n or_o efficacy_n be_v never_o stir_v up_o neither_o come_v into_o act_n so_o that_o conception_n be_v as_o proper_o the_o action_n of_o the_o womb_n as_o chylification_n be_v the_o action_n of_o the_o stomach_n but_o that_o conception_n may_v be_v perfect_a the_o seed_n which_o be_v yield_v and_o retain_v must_v be_v pure_a and_o fruitful_a conception_n what_o be_v require_v to_o perfect_a conception_n by_o pure_a i_o understand_v with_o hypocrates_n that_o which_o be_v not_o sickly_a or_o disease_a neither_o yet_o mingle_v with_o blood_n for_o blood_n be_v not_o requisite_a to_o generation_n till_o after_o the_o description_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v begin_v otherwise_o the_o seed_n be_v choke_v by_o the_o abundance_n of_o the_o blood_n neither_o at_o all_o attempt_v his_o work_n neither_o can_v it_o bring_v to_o perfection_n that_o it_o can_v have_v well_o begin_v again_o if_o the_o seed_n be_v unfruitful_a what_o hope_n can_v there_o be_v of_o a_o harvest_n to_o perfect_a conception_n there_o be_v further_o require_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o laudable_a temper_n of_o the_o womb_n for_o those_o who_o womb_n be_v either_o hot_a or_o cold_a or_o moist_a or_o dry_a above_o measure_n do_v not_o conceive_v as_o say_v hypocrates_n if_o therefore_o any_o of_o these_o thing_n be_v want_v we_o can_v hope_v for_o a_o lawful_a conception_n but_o either_o there_o will_v be_v none_o at_o all_o or_o a_o deprave_a and_o vicious_a such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o mooncalf_n or_o mola_n for_o nature_n rather_o endeavour_v a_o imperfect_a why_o nature_n endevour_v a_o deprave_a conception_n rather_o than_o none_o &_o why_o and_o deprave_a conception_n than_o none_o at_o all_o because_o she_o be_v greedy_a of_o propagation_n and_o diligent_a to_o maintain_v the_o perpetuity_n of_o he_o kind_n of_o thing_n wherefore_o rather_o then_o she_o will_v do_v nothing_o she_o will_v endeavour_n any_o thing_n how_o imperfect_a soever_o so_o when_o nature_n make_v worm_n in_o the_o stomach_n and_o gut_n she_o do_v
perceive_v in_o himself_o indeed_o some_o man_n of_o no_o small_a estimation_n have_v affirm_v that_o we_o can_v smell_v if_o we_o retain_v our_o breath_n but_o the_o true_a reason_n be_v because_o the_o odour_n do_v not_o attain_v unto_o the_o organ_n nay_o it_o do_v not_o enter_v into_o the_o nostril_n for_o therein_o they_o be_v deceive_v they_o think_v they_o can_v hold_v their_o breath_n immooveable_a whereas_o indeed_o the_o natural_a instinct_n drive_v their_o breath_n forth_o do_v also_o drive_v the_o odorable_a object_n from_o the_o organ_n but_o let_v they_o prove_v that_o though_o a_o fume_n do_v of_o it_o own_o accord_n ascend_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o nostril_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o perceive_v by_o the_o sense_n of_o smell_v unless_o they_o add_v respiration_n thereto_o and_o then_o i_o will_v yield_v they_o the_o buckler_n you_o will_v demand_v if_o respiration_n be_v not_o necessary_a why_o do_v we_o purposely_o draw_v our_o breath_n when_o we_o will_v smell_v answer_n question_n answer_n the_o answer_n be_v at_o hand_n to_o wit_n that_o the_o object_n may_v soon_o and_o more_o plentiful_o attain_v unto_o the_o organ_n we_o grant_v therefore_o that_o inspiration_n help_v the_o smell_n mâ—ch_o but_o it_o conclusion_n conclusion_n do_v not_o thence_o follow_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a again_o to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o life_n inspiration_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a but_o for_o better_a life_n not_o so_o but_o only_o by_o accident_n or_o secondary_o in_o like_a manner_n we_o confess_v that_o the_o sense_n of_o smell_v be_v not_o ordinary_o without_o respiration_n but_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v and_o respiration_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o the_o be_v but_o to_o the_o better_a be_v of_o the_o sense_n and_o if_o nature_n have_v prepare_v the_o way_n of_o respiration_n through_o some_o other_o member_n and_o not_o through_o the_o nose_n yet_o undoubted_o the_o nose_n will_v have_v smell_v as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o those_o creature_n which_o do_v not_o respire_v and_o this_o be_v placentinus_n his_o opinion_n qvest._n xlvi_o why_o man_n do_v not_o smell_v so_o well_o as_o many_o other_o creature_n plato_n in_o timaeo_n and_o theophrastus_n in_o the_o six_o chapter_n of_o his_o six_o book_n de_fw-fr causis_fw-la plantarum_fw-la together_o with_o many_o other_o who_o have_v write_v of_o this_o subject_n all_o of_o they_o i_o say_v with_o one_o consent_n do_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o sense_n of_o smell_a be_v more_o dull_a in_o man_n then_o in_o many_o other_o creature_n the_o same_o do_v aristotle_n avouch_v in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la where_o he_o also_o add_v that_o of_o all_o the_o sense_n this_o sense_n of_o smell_a in_o man_n be_v most_o sluggish_a and_o dull_a which_o also_o he_o confirm_v in_o the_o 92._o text_n of_o his_o 2._o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la the_o truth_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v very_o evident_a by_o the_o example_n of_o other_o creature_n as_o dog_n man_n what_o creature_n smell_v better_a than_o man_n hog_n crow_n bee_n and_o other_o bird_n and_o beast_n which_o be_v able_a a_o far_o off_o to_o wind_n as_o we_o say_v the_o send_v of_o any_o thing_n but_o man_n be_v constrain_v to_o move_v the_o object_n even_o unto_o the_o nose_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o discern_v or_o perceive_v any_o smell_n but_o those_o that_o be_v so_o strong_a that_o they_o alter_v the_o sense_n either_o into_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n add_v hereto_o that_o many_o brute_n beast_n do_v know_v more_o by_o their_o smell_n then_o man_n can_v attain_v to_o by_o all_o his_o sense_n as_o the_o hound_n that_o can_v beast_n smell_v many_o thing_n that_o man_n can_v hunt_v upon_o the_o cold_a foot_n of_o a_o hare_n or_o a_o dear_a yea_o they_o can_v in_o the_o night_n follow_v a_o man_n step_n and_o work_v out_o his_o way_n through_o a_o thousand_o difficulty_n and_o entanglement_n or_o permixtion_n of_o other_o smell_v so_o we_o see_v also_o that_o in_o the_o dark_a a_o dog_n will_v know_v his_o own_o master_n from_o a_o great_a many_o other_o man_n only_o by_o his_o smell_n a_o tiger_n be_v rob_v of_o her_o whelp_n will_v find_v they_o out_o again_o by_o her_o smell_n now_o none_o of_o these_o odour_n can_v the_o sense_n of_o smell_v in_o man_n apprehend_v the_o reason_n hereof_o aristotle_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v refer_v unto_o the_o fault_n not_o of_o the_o faculty_n but_o of_o the_o organ_n for_o this_o organ_n be_v cold_a and_o very_a moist_a but_o the_o object_n hot_a and_o it_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o dry_a now_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o organ_n shall_v potential_o be_v such_o as_o the_o subject_n be_v actual_o so_o that_o when_o sensation_n be_v make_v the_o object_n may_v work_v upon_o the_o instrument_n and_o convert_v it_o into_o his_o nature_n but_o in_o this_o sense_n of_o smell_a such_o conversion_n can_v be_v make_v without_o great_a difficulty_n for_o that_o which_o be_v moist_a do_v hardly_o become_v dry_a and_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o difficulty_n a_o man_n smell_v but_o remissly_a or_o dull_o that_o be_v not_o without_o either_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o object_n must_v be_v very_o vehement_a before_o it_o can_v turn_v the_o moisture_n of_o the_o organ_n into_o his_o own_o nature_n that_o be_v make_v it_o hot_a and_o dry_a beside_o this_o proper_a &_o native_a unfitnesse_n of_o the_o organ_n there_o be_v also_o another_o ineptitude_n add_v and_o that_o be_v the_o vicinity_n or_o neighbourhoode_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o be_v in_o man_n much_o reason_n other_o reason_n great_a in_o respect_n of_o his_o magnitude_n then_o in_o other_o creature_n see_v therefore_o the_o brain_n abound_v with_o moisture_n which_o moisture_n be_v also_o impart_v unto_o the_o instrument_n of_o smell_a it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o that_o instrument_n by_o this_o conjunction_n of_o the_o brain_n become_v more_o unapt_a whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o same_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 33._o problem_n of_o the_o ten_o section_n have_v observe_v that_o the_o instrument_n of_o smell_a be_v much_o incommodate_v by_o the_o moist_a superfluity_n of_o the_o brame_n the_o power_n therefore_o of_o smell_a being_n as_o it_o be_v steep_v in_o this_o moisture_n grow_v dull_a and_o sleepy_a which_o in_o that_o which_o be_v hot_a and_o dry_a will_v be_v awake_v and_o show_v itself_o and_o therefore_o in_o bruit_n beast_n who_o brain_n be_v not_o either_o so_o moist_a or_o at_o least_o yield_v not_o so_o much_o moisture_n because_o they_o be_v less_o this_o faculty_n or_o sense_n be_v more_o pregnant_a and_o apprehensive_a some_o argument_n be_v nevertheless_o make_v to_o the_o contrary_a for_o thus_o they_o say_v where_o objection_n objection_n the_o form_n be_v more_o excellent_a there_o also_o the_o faculty_n be_v proportionable_o excellent_a now_o we_o know_v that_o the_o form_n of_o a_o man_n which_o be_v his_o reasonable_a soul_n be_v far_o more_o excellent_a than_o the_o sensative_a form_n of_o a_o bruit_n beast_n wherefore_o the_o faculty_n also_o of_o his_o form_n be_v more_o perfect_a and_o among_o the_o rest_n that_o of_o smell_a we_o answer_v that_o albeit_o the_o soul_n of_o a_o man_n be_v much_o more_o excellent_a and_o divine_a then_o the_o soul_n of_o a_o beast_n yet_o so_o long_o as_o it_o be_v chain_v in_o the_o prison_n of_o this_o body_n of_o earth_n it_o solution_n solution_n can_v perform_v his_o function_n but_o by_o the_o help_n of_o corporeal_a organ_n and_o therefore_o as_o the_o temperature_n and_o conformation_n of_o the_o organ_n be_v more_o or_o less_o convenient_a so_o be_v the_o function_n more_o perfect_a or_o imperfect_a see_v therefore_o that_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_a by_o which_o as_o by_o a_o hand_n the_o soul_n reach_v odour_n unto_o itself_o be_v as_o we_o say_v in_o man_n somewhat_o to_o moist_a and_o therefore_o unfit_a for_o the_o sudden_a and_o quick_a reception_n of_o odour_n it_o follow_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o fault_n of_o the_o instrument_n the_o faculty_n of_o the_o sould_n be_v as_o it_o be_v abate_v or_o allay_v that_o it_o can_v so_o perfect_o and_o free_o manifest_v itself_o it_o may_v be_v object_v again_o that_o because_o the_o organ_n of_o a_o man_n smell_n be_v cold_a &_o moist_a he_o shall_v smell_v the_o better_o not_o more_o dull_o for_o that_o which_o be_v hot_a and_o dry_a as_o odour_n be_v objection_n objection_n do_v work_v more_o powerful_o upon_o that_o which_o be_v the_o cold_a and_o the_o moyst_a true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o odour_n will_v work_v better_o upon_o the_o organ_n but_o as_o i_o say_v before_o can_v so_o easy_o convert_v it_o into_o his_o own_o nature_n for_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o organ_n be_v in_o a_o great_a solution_n solution_n
cow-calue_n they_o tie_v the_o right_a testicle_n of_o the_o bull_n that_o the_o seed_n may_v only_o issue_n from_o the_o left_a which_o they_o learned_a or_o may_v have_v do_v from_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr superfoetatione_n where_o he_o say_v when_o you_o will_v engender_v a_o female_a tie_v the_o right_a testicle_n of_o the_o male_a when_o a_o male_a tie_n the_o left_a if_o we_o respect_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o conformation_n of_o both_o the_o sex_n the_o male_a be_v soon_o perfect_v conformation_n the_o conformation_n and_o articulate_v in_o the_o womb_n for_o he_o be_v accomplish_v the_o thirty_o the_o female_a not_o before_o the_o 40._o day_n as_o we_o have_v before_o note_v out_o of_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la de_fw-la natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la and_o epidemiωn_n but_o conformation_n be_v the_o work_n of_o heat_n so_o likewise_o the_o male_n be_v move_v soon_o that_o be_v the_o three_o month_n the_o female_a late_a that_o be_v the_o four_o beside_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o male_n be_v more_o frequent_a and_o more_o violent_a all_o which_o be_v manifest_a sign_n of_o a_o abundant_a heat_n add_v hereto_o that_o the_o male_n bear_v the_o seven_o month_n common_o survive_v the_o female_a seldom_o or_o never_o that_o also_o which_o be_v avoid_v after_o the_o infant_n be_v bear_v into_o the_o world_n call_v lochia_n do_v lochia_n the_o lochia_n testify_v the_o heat_n of_o a_o male_a child_n for_o the_o woman_n which_o be_v deliver_v of_o a_o female_a be_v long_a in_o her_o purgation_n of_o a_o male_n short_a because_o the_o male_a being_n hot_a spend_v more_o of_o the_o blood_n gather_v together_o in_o the_o womb_n this_o hypocrates_n teach_v in_o plain_a term_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la mulierum_fw-la after_o the_o birth_n of_o a_o maid_n say_v he_o the_o long_a purgation_n last_v 42._o day_n but_o after_o the_o birth_n of_o a_o knave_n child_n so_o our_o father_n call_v a_o male_a the_o purgation_n last_v at_o the_o long_a but_o 30._o day_n if_o we_o consider_v the_o habit_n and_o structure_n of_o the_o part_n of_o both_o sex_n you_o shall_v find_v in_o man_n structure_n the_o habit_n and_o structure_n more_o sign_n of_o heat_n then_o in_o woman_n the_o habit_n of_o a_o woman_n be_v fat_a loose_a and_o soft_a but_o fat_a be_v not_o generate_v but_o by_o a_o weak_a heat_n woman_n be_v smooth_a without_o hair_n the_o flesh_n of_o man_n be_v more_o solid_a their_o vessel_n large_a their_o voice_n base_a now_o it_o be_v heat_n which_o amplifi_v and_o enlarge_v as_o cold_a straightn_v and_o contract_v a_o woman_n say_v hypocrates_n in_o the_o 43._o aphorism_n of_o the_o seven_o section_n be_v not_o ambi-dextra_a that_o be_v can_v use_v both_o hand_n as_o well_o as_o one_o because_o she_o want_v heat_n to_o strengthen_v both_o side_n alike_o in_o diet_n also_o that_o be_v in_o the_o custom_n and_o usage_n of_o their_o life_n in_o meat_n and_o drink_n and_o such_o like_a dict_z the_o dict_z man_n appear_v to_o be_v hot_a than_o woman_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la man_n do_v live_v a_o more_o laborious_a life_n and_o eat_v more_o solid_a meat_n than_o woman_n that_o they_o may_v gather_v heat_n and_o become_v dry_a woman_n food_n be_v more_o moist_a and_o beside_o they_o live_v a_o idle_a and_o sedentarie_a life_n prick_v for_o the_o most_o part_n upon_o a_o clout_n final_o to_o all_o these_o we_o may_v add_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o final_a cause_n which_o be_v in_o natural_a thing_n the_o chief_a of_o all_o cause_n it_o behove_v therefore_o that_o man_n shall_v be_v hot_a because_o his_o body_n cause_n the_o final_a cause_n be_v make_v to_o endure_v labour_n and_o travel_n as_o also_o that_o his_o mind_n shall_v be_v stout_a and_o invincible_a to_o undergo_v danger_n the_o only_a hear_n whereof_o will_v drive_v a_o woman_n as_o we_o say_v out_o of_o her_o little_a wit_n the_o woman_n be_v ordain_v to_o receive_v and_o conceive_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o man_n to_o bear_v and_o nourish_v the_o infant_n to_o govern_v and_o moderate_v the_o house_n at_o home_n to_o delight_v and_o refresh_v her_o husband_n foreswunke_v with_o labour_n and_o well-nigh_o exhaust_v and_o spend_v with_o care_n and_o travel_v and_o therefore_o her_o body_n be_v soft_a smooth_a and_o delicate_a make_v especial_o for_o pleasure_n so_o that_o whosoever_o use_v they_o for_o other_o do_v almost_o abuse_v they_o wherefore_o we_o conclude_v that_o if_o you_o respect_v the_o principle_n of_o generation_n the_o place_n conformation_n conclusion_n conclusion_n motion_n birth_n purgation_n after_o birth_n the_o habit_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n the_o structure_n of_o the_o part_n the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o life_n and_o the_o final_a cause_n of_o creation_n you_o shall_v find_v that_o in_o all_o these_o respect_v a_o man_n be_v hot_a than_o a_o woman_n if_o our_o adversary_n will_v not_o yield_v to_o all_o these_o demonstrative_a argument_n let_v they_o at_o least_o hypocrates_n authority_n to_o prove_v man_n hot_a hypocrates_n give_v credance_n to_o the_o whole_a family_n of_o the_o grecian_n both_o philosopher_n end_n physician_n this_o hypocrates_n before_o the_o birth_n or_o incarnation_n as_o we_o may_v say_v of_o philosophy_n with_o a_o divine_a spirit_n declare_v not_o dark_o and_o obscure_o but_o in_o plain_a term_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la after_o this_o manner_n generally_n and_o universal_o man_n be_v hot_a and_o dry_a than_o woman_n for_o we_o insist_v upon_o mankind_n and_o woman_n moist_a and_o cold_a than_o man_n that_o genius_n and_o interpreter_n of_o nature_n aristotle_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o length_n and_o shortness_n of_o life_n say_v that_o man_n live_v aristotle_n aristotle_n long_o than_o woman_n because_o they_o be_v hot_a in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr partibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la man_n be_v strong_a and_o more_o courageous_a in_o the_o first_o and_o eight_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o politic_n man_n in_o all_o action_n be_v more_o excellent_a than_o woman_n sure_o because_o of_o their_o heat_n from_o whence_o come_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o faculty_n and_o in_o the_o 29._o problem_n of_o the_o 4._o section_n he_o enquire_v why_o man_n in_o winter_n be_v more_o apt_a for_o venus_n and_o woman_n in_o summer_n he_o answer_v because_o man_n who_o be_v hot_a and_o dry_a be_v in_o summer_n spend_v as_o it_o be_v and_o break_v and_o woman_n in_o winter_n because_o they_o be_v cold_a and_o moist_a &_o have_v little_a store_n of_o heat_n have_v their_o humour_n as_o it_o be_v freeze_v or_o curdle_v not_o fluxible_a and_o move_a galen_n in_o a_o thousand_o place_n establish_v this_o truth_n but_o especial_o in_o the_o sixth_o chap._n of_o his_o 14._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o woman_n be_v more_o imperfect_a than_o man_n because_o they_o be_v cold_a for_o indeed_o of_o all_o quality_n heat_n be_v the_o most_o operative_a conclusion_n conclusion_n hence_o therefore_o we_o conceive_v that_o it_o be_v manifest_a to_o all_o man_n that_o listen_v to_o understande_v the_o truth_n that_o man_n be_v universal_o hot_a than_o woman_n and_o that_o those_o that_o maintain_v the_o contrary_n be_v apostate_n for_o the_o ancient_a and_o authentic_a philosophy_n but_o because_o we_o may_v seem_v not_o full_o to_o satisfy_v man_n by_o our_o reason_n and_o authority_n unless_o we_o answer_v the_o argument_n bring_v and_o urge_v on_o the_o contrary_a part_n we_o will_v a_o little_a pain_n ourselves_o and_o the_o reader_n to_o answer_v they_o in_o order_n to_o begin_v therefore_o with_o the_o authority_n of_o hypocrates_n because_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o wickedness_n authority_n answer_v to_o the_o authority_n not_o to_o subscribe_v unto_o this_o father_n of_o physic_n we_o will_v thus_o interpret_v the_o force_n of_o his_o word_n whereas_o therefore_o he_o say_v that_o a_o woman_n have_v a_o rare_a kind_n of_o flesh_n than_o a_o man_n we_o answer_v pound_v hippocrate_n pound_v that_o he_o use_v the_o word_n rare_a abusive_o or_o at_o large_a for_o that_o which_o be_v lax_n and_o soft_a not_o for_o that_o which_o be_v porous_a for_o if_o we_o so_o understand_v it_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n be_v more_o rare_a that_o be_v more_o porous_a and_o open_a and_o therefore_o they_o sweat_v more_o free_o and_o more_o easy_o and_o that_o this_o be_v hypocrates_n meaning_n we_o appeal_v unto_o himself_o in_o his_o book_n of_o glandule_n where_o he_o say_v it_o be_v therefore_o manifest_a that_o the_o chest_n and_o pap_n and_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o a_o woman_n be_v lax_n &_o soft_a and_o a_o little_a above_o a_o man_n body_n be_v full_a &_o like_o a_o cloth_n thick_a and_o sight_n both_o to_o see_v to_o
he_o never_o so_o sultry_a hot_a to_o the_o 3._o that_o their_o vessel_n because_o they_o be_v many_o and_o diverse_o implicate_v be_v subject_a to_o obstruction_n but_o their_o flesh_n which_o be_v their_o true_a substance_n be_v subject_a to_o inflammation_n &_o hot_a affect_n to_o the_o four_o that_o the_o abundance_n of_o phlegm_n which_o we_o cough_v up_o be_v not_o generate_v by_o white_a whence_o the_o phlegm_n come_v that_o we_o cough_v up_o how_o it_o become_v white_a the_o native_a temper_n of_o the_o lung_n but_o fall_v continual_o from_o the_o head_n which_o be_v the_o recepticle_n of_o cold_a excrement_n into_o the_o lung_n so_o say_v hypocrates_n many_o catarrh_n or_o rheum_n fall_v into_o the_o upper_a venture_n that_o be_v the_o chest_n the_o low_a part_n also_o as_o the_o stomach_n and_o the_o hypochondrium_n do_v send_v up_o plentiful_a vapour_n which_o the_o lung_n with_o this_o continual_a motion_n do_v mix_v with_o the_o foresay_a humour_n &_o thence_o come_v the_o whiteness_n and_o as_o for_o hypocrates_n authority_n it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o he_o compare_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o lung_n with_o the_o remper_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o then_o indeed_o they_o be_v cold_a as_o also_o the_o aer_fw-la of_o a_o hothouse_n be_v cold_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o other_o place_n we_o say_v that_o hypocrates_n speak_v of_o the_o aer_fw-la inspirate_v or_o breathe_v in_o retort_v hypocrates_n expound_v &_o retort_v not_o of_o blood_n and_o so_o that_o place_n prove_v that_o the_o lung_n be_v hot_a rather_o then_o cold_a because_o they_o draw_v aer_fw-la which_o be_v cold_a and_o contrary_n to_o their_o body_n which_o be_v hot_a but_o the_o truthis_n that_o the_o contrariety_n he_o speak_v of_o in_o that_o place_n be_v rather_o a_o contrariety_n of_o motion_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v other_o part_n draw_v a_o nourishment_n like_a unto_o themselves_o from_o a_o inward_a store_n house_n which_o be_v the_o liver_n into_o the_o very_a utmost_a part_n of_o the_o body_n but_o contrariwise_o the_o lung_n draw_v the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o spirit_n that_o be_v the_o aer_fw-la by_o the_o outward_a part_n that_o be_v the_o nose_n and_o the_o mouth_n into_o the_o inward_a that_o be_v the_o heart_n although_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o galen_n interprete_v those_o word_n otherwise_o which_o shall_v not_o be_v necessary_a to_o make_v mention_n of_o in_o this_o place_n it_o seem_v therefore_o that_o the_o lung_n be_v not_o cold_a which_o yet_o will_v better_o appear_v if_o we_o argument_n that_o the_o lung_n be_v hot_a 3._o argument_n can_v prove_v they_o to_o be_v hot_a three_o argument_n we_o will_v be_v content_v with_o one_o from_o their_o substance_n another_o from_o their_o nourishment_n and_o a_o three_o from_o their_o use_n their_o substance_n be_v fleshy_a soft_a &_o spungy_a make_v as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o froth_n that_o arise_v of_o the_o hot_a blood_n in_o the_o boil_a therefore_o not_o cold_a again_o they_o be_v nourish_v with_o thin_a blood_n heat_v and_o attenuate_v in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v make_v especial_o for_o the_o lung_n sake_n last_o their_o use_n be_v to_o prepare_v aer_fw-la for_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o vital_a that_o be_v the_o hot_a spirit_n they_o must_v therefore_o be_v hot_a thus_o physician_n reason_n on_o either_o side_n i_o put_v a_o notable_a doubt_n put_v will_v only_o here_o put_v a_o doubt_n reserve_v the_o determination_n to_o another_o place_n the_o rheum_n fall_v out_o of_o the_o head_n part_n into_o the_o lung_n and_o part_n into_o the_o stomach_n nature_n in_o both_o place_n work_v upon_o it_o the_o stomach_n boil_v it_o again_o attenuate_v it_o if_o it_o be_v thick_a and_o of_o some_o part_n of_o it_o make_v good_a blood_n the_o rest_n it_o avoyd_v into_o the_o gut_n where_o another_o use_n be_v make_v of_o it_o and_o if_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v languide_n and_o weak_a so_o that_o it_o can_v sufficient_o mitigate_v it_o we_o then_o help_v nature_n the_o lung_n quite_o contrary_a do_v thicken_v that_o part_n which_o fall_v into_o they_o and_o that_o necessary_o for_o else_o it_o can_v never_o he_o avoid_v for_o it_o must_v be_v a_o solid_a body_n that_o the_o aer_fw-la must_v lift_v come_v why_o the_o rheum_n must_v be_v thicken_v before_o it_o be_v cough_v up_o whence_o dry_a cough_n come_v up_o before_o it_o in_o our_o cough_n because_o there_o be_v no_o passage_n for_o it_o downward_o appoint_v by_o nature_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o thin_a and_o subtle_a rheum_n make_v a_o dry_a cough_n because_o the_o aer_fw-la be_v not_o able_a to_o intercept_v it_o but_o it_o trickle_v down_o the_o side_n of_o the_o weazon_n still_o provoke_v we_o to_o cough_v but_o in_o vain_a because_o it_o have_v not_o a_o compact_a body_n which_o the_o aer_fw-la may_v intercept_v till_o by_o time_n it_o be_v ripen_v that_o be_v grow_v thick_a and_o then_o it_o be_v bring_v up_o or_o if_o of_o itself_o it_o do_v not_o thicken_v we_o thicken_v it_o by_o art_n we_o may_v therefore_o just_o wonder_v at_o this_o contrary_a work_n of_o nature_n sure_o coldness_n in_o the_o lung_n can_v not_o thicken_v it_o it_o be_v so_o near_o to_o the_o fountain_n of_o heat_n nor_o the_o air_n which_o be_v the_o moiste_v of_o all_o element_n can_v dry_v it_o beside_o that_o the_o lung_n be_v of_o themselves_o very_o moist_a as_o we_o shall_v prove_v by_o and_o by_o again_o if_o heat_n in_o the_o lung_n do_v thicken_v it_o why_o shall_v it_o not_o thicken_v it_o also_o in_o the_o stomach_n but_o we_o see_v that_o cold_a stomach_n do_v only_o make_v thick_a and_o viscid_a phlegm_n true_o heereunder_o lie_v a_o great_a mystery_n worthy_a of_o another_o place_n to_o be_v discuss_v in_o to_o which_o therefore_o we_o will_v refer_v it_o and_o proceed_v to_o the_o second_o quality_n of_o the_o lung_n and_o nature_n a_o mystery_n of_o nature_n inquire_v whether_o they_o be_v moist_a or_o dry_a it_o may_v seem_v they_o be_v dry_a because_o their_o passage_n do_v always_o remain_v open_a and_o never_o fall_v together_o which_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o their_o hardness_n argument_n that_o the_o lung_n be_v dry_a argument_n and_o dryness_n again_o galen_n say_v in_o his_o 4._o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la they_o be_v nourish_v with_o choleric_a blood_n but_o choleric_a blood_n be_v dry_a last_o hypocrates_n say_v the_o lung_n be_v the_o sear_n of_o drought_n for_o he_o appoint_v two_o place_n of_o drought_n the_o stomach_n &_o the_o lung_n concern_v which_o be_v that_o notable_a edict_n of_o hypocrates_n in_o epidemijs_fw-la the_o way_n to_o appease_v and_o satisfy_v thirst_n be_v to_o drink_v cold_a water_n and_o to_o breathe_v in_o cold_a aer_fw-la these_o argument_n we_o will_v first_o answer_v before_o we_o determine_v the_o contrary_n to_o the_o first_o we_o answer_v that_o if_o the_o opennes_fw-la of_o their_o passage_n argue_v their_o dryness_n then_o answer_v answer_v shall_v the_o brain_n also_o be_v dry_a who_o ventricle_n be_v always_o open_a and_o do_v not_o fall_v together_o in_o the_o strong_a concussion_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o head_n as_o in_o sneeze_n and_o fit_n of_o the_o epilepsy_n or_o fall_a sickness_n as_o therefore_o the_o brain_n be_v hard_a in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o ventricle_n thereof_o in_o which_o respect_n anatomist_n call_v that_o part_n the_o callous_a body_n as_o we_o shall_v hear_v hereafter_o so_o the_o lung_n where_o it_o compass_v the_o vessel_n be_v somewhat_o hard_a or_o say_v rather_o that_o the_o stiffness_n and_o hardness_n of_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o sharp_a and_o rough_a artery_n do_v hold_v it_o out_o &_o keep_v the_o passage_n in_o a_o kind_n of_o distension_n to_o the_o second_o we_o answer_v that_o galen_n by_o bilious_a or_o choleric_a blood_n mean_v thin_a and_o expound_v galen_n expound_v attenuate_v blood_n labour_v in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o no_o man_n will_v say_v be_v dry_a but_o rather_o abundant_o moist_a as_o be_v mingle_v with_o aer_fw-la the_o moiste_v as_o we_o say_v of_o all_o element_n to_o the_o last_o we_o answer_v that_o the_o lung_n indeed_o if_o they_o be_v torrify_v be_v the_o state_n of_o drought_n because_o they_o dry_v up_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o part_n adjoin_v but_o if_o they_o be_v natural_o dispose_v they_o be_v no_o cause_n of_o drought_n it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o the_o lung_n be_v not_o dry_a and_o then_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v moist_a which_o yet_o further_o to_o prove_v we_o want_v not_o argument_n beyond_o all_o exception_n first_o because_o they_o be_v soft_a for_o as_o hardness_n be_v moist_a argument_n to_o prove_v the_o lung_n moist_a a_o sure_a note_n
soft_a and_o soft_a say_v galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n de_fw-fr usupartium_fw-la and_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n than_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la because_o it_o be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o soft_a nerve_n pertain_v to_o the_o organ_n of_o soft_a why_o soft_a sense_n but_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o hard_a nerve_n common_o think_v to_o be_v the_o nerve_n of_o motion_n in_o child_n the_o brain_n be_v so_o soft_a that_o it_o be_v fluid_a the_o reason_n of_o the_o softness_n be_v because_o it_o be_v to_o receive_v all_o the_o species_n or_o representation_n of_o the_o outward_a sense_n as_o also_o of_o the_o imagination_n and_o understanding_n for_o unless_o the_o alteration_n or_o impression_n that_o be_v make_v in_o any_o of_o the_o sense_n do_v proceed_v first_o from_o the_o brain_n and_o after_o return_v again_o unto_o it_o the_o creature_n have_v sense_n of_o nothing_o which_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o example_n of_o suâ—h_a as_o be_v take_v with_o the_o apopleixe_n wherefore_o see_v sensation_n be_v a_o passion_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o the_o brain_n shall_v be_v of_o such_o a_o substance_n as_o be_v fit_a to_o receive_v the_o impression_n of_o other_o thing_n yet_o it_o behoove_v not_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o soft_a as_o that_o the_o impression_n make_v therein_o shall_v present_o sink_v fat_n why_o not_o like_a to_o fat_n away_o and_o be_v obliterated_a as_o it_o happen_v in_o water_n and_o other_o fluid_n body_n but_o that_o it_o shall_v have_v with_o the_o softness_n a_o kind_n of_o consistence_n of_o solidity_n which_o solidity_n be_v so_o exquisite_o mingle_v with_o the_o softness_n that_o the_o fire_n can_v melt_v it_o as_o it_o do_v fat_a or_o wax_n and_o such_o like_a to_o conclude_v it_o be_v like_o the_o substance_n of_o a_o nerve_n of_o which_o also_o his_o marrow_n be_v the_o original_n but_o a_o not_o why_o it_o melt_v not_o little_o soft_a hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_n likn_v it_o unto_o a_o kernel_n because_o as_o a_o kernel_n it_o be_v white_a and_o friable_a and_o beside_o be_v of_o the_o same_o use_n to_o the_o head_n that_o a_o glandule_n will_v be_v draw_v up_o the_o exhalation_n of_o the_o low_a part_n which_o after_o vapour_n out_o by_o the_o suture_n of_o the_o skull_n the_o temperament_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v cold_a and_o moist_a as_o we_o may_v easy_o with_o galen_n in_o brain_n the_o temperament_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n conclude_v from_o the_o softness_n and_o moystnes_n of_o his_o substance_n wherefore_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr carnibus_fw-la call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a seat_n of_o cold_a and_o glutinous_a moisture_n glutinous_a to_o hold_v and_o contain_v the_o subtle_a animal_n spirit_n which_o otherwise_o will_v soon_o vanish_v and_o decay_v and_o cold_a that_o the_o part_n ordain_v for_o the_o exercise_n of_o reason_n and_o therefore_o fulfil_v with_o hot_a spirit_n shall_v not_o easy_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n or_o inflame_v for_o when_o the_o brain_n by_o any_o accident_n or_o distemper_n grow_v hot_a as_o we_o see_v in_o phreniticall_a patient_n the_o motion_n thereof_o be_v furious_a and_o rage_a and_o the_o sleep_n turbulent_a and_o unquiet_a and_o indeed_o the_o head_n be_v very_a subject_n cold_a although_o thereof_o the_o reason_n thereof_o it_o be_v by_o nature_n to_o hot_a distemper_n partly_o because_o of_o the_o perpetual_a motion_n thereof_o and_o of_o the_o spirit_n partly_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o abundant_a vein_n and_o artery_n and_o great_a quantity_n of_o blood_n therein_o contain_v and_o final_o because_o whatsoever_o hot_a thing_n be_v in_o the_o body_n either_o natural_a or_o unnatural_a if_o it_o be_v inordinate_o move_v fly_v up_o unto_o the_o brain_n or_o at_o lest_o send_v hot_a vapour_n unto_o it_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o substance_n &_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n as_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o original_a and_o seat_n of_o all_o the_o animal_n facuty_n so_o for_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o same_o it_o have_v diverse_a and_o different_a part_n cast_v into_o part_n why_o the_o brain_n have_v diverse_a part_n sundry_a mould_n which_o we_o will_v now_o take_v view_n of_o according_a to_o anatomicall_a method_n always_o remember_v that_o by_o the_o brain_n we_o understande_v whatsoever_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o scull_n and_o compass_v about_o by_o the_o hard_a and_o thin_a membrane_n the_o brain_n therefore_o we_o divide_v into_o three_o part_n for_o first_o it_o be_v part_v into_o a_o forepart_n part_n 3_o part_n and_o a_o hinde-part_n by_o the_o dura_fw-la meninx_n quadruplicate_v or_o foure-foulded_n the_o forepart_n because_o it_o be_v the_o great_a and_o most_o principal_a for_o in_o it_o the_o animal_n spirit_n forepart_n the_o forepart_n be_v especial_o labour_v retain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o be_v proper_o call_v cerebrum_fw-la or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o hinder_a part_n be_v much_o lesser_a and_o be_v call_v by_o a_o diminutive_a word_n cerebellum_fw-la we_o call_v it_o the_o after-braine_n herophilus_n as_o galen_n witness_v in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 11._o chapter_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d again_o the_o forepart_n or_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o dura_fw-la meninx_n duplicate_v and_o resemble_v a_o subdivide_v subdivide_v mower_n since_o be_v part_v in_o the_o top_n throughout_o his_o whole_a length_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n one_o right_a another_o left_a tab_v 8._o fig._n 2._o from_o a_o to_o a_o tab_v 9_o fig._n 3._o from_o n_n to_o k._n this_o partition_n reach_v altogether_o to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o stay_v at_o that_o body_n which_o we_o call_v corpus_fw-la callosum_fw-la table_n 9_o figure_n 3._o at_o l_o l._n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o always_o the_o same_o part_n of_o the_o head_n be_v not_o pain_v but_o sometime_o one_o part_n sometime_o another_o sometime_o the_o whole_a head_n some_o say_v laurentius_n have_v dream_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v divide_v quite_o through_o but_o they_o be_v much_o deceive_v for_o the_o callous_a body_n unit_v the_o part_n together_o as_o for_o the_o after-braine_n though_o it_o be_v not_o unite_v to_o the_o brain_n yet_o be_v it_o in_o two_o place_n continue_v with_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o the_o same_o marrow_n by_o two_o originalle_n join_v unto_o the_o brain_n the_o use_n of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v first_o out_o of_o vesalius_n and_o archangelus_n that_o the_o vesalius_n the_o use_n of_o this_o division_n out_o of_o vesalius_n brain_n may_v be_v better_o nourish_v for_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o thin_a membrane_n together_o with_o the_o vesseles_a therethrough_a convey_v do_v insinuate_v themselves_o deep_a into_o the_o substance_n thereof_o for_o without_o this_o partition_n and_o those_o deep_a convolution_n which_o we_o see_v in_o it_o when_o it_o be_v cut_v it_o can_v not_o have_v be_v nourish_v the_o second_o use_n we_o will_v add_v out_o of_o laurentius_n to_o wit_n beside_o the_o nourishment_n for_o the_o better_a motion_n of_o the_o same_o for_o as_o water_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o move_v where_o it_o be_v deep_a as_o where_o iâ—_n laurentius_n out_o of_o laurentius_n be_v shallow_a so_o if_o the_o brain_n have_v be_v one_o entire_a massy_a substance_n it_o will_v not_o so_o willing_o and_o glad_o as_o we_o say_v have_v rise_v and_o fall_v in_o the_o systole_n and_o diastole_n the_o use_n of_o this_o division_n out_o of_o bauhine_n be_v more_o express_v for_o the_o safe_a conduct_n of_o the_o sinus_n or_o pipe_n of_o the_o hard_a meninx_n mention_v in_o the_o seven_o chapter_n from_o whence_o do_v issue_n baubine_n out_o of_o baubine_n small_a surcle_n of_o vessel_n to_o convey_v nourishment_n into_o the_o convolution_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o because_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v very_o great_a through_o which_o the_o capillarie_n vessel_n be_v to_o be_v disperse_v for_o his_o nourishment_n if_o the_o vessel_n themselves_o so_o small_a as_o they_o be_v vein_n and_o artery_n shall_v have_v pass_v from_o the_o backepart_n to_o the_o forepart_n from_o the_o right_a side_n to_o the_o left_a or_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o will_v in_o so_o long_a a_o journey_n through_o so_o soft_a and_o clammy_a a_o body_n have_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o break_v wherefore_o the_o brain_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n between_o which_o division_n there_o run_v four_o sinus_n or_o pipe_n of_o the_o hard_a meninx_n into_o which_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n and_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n call_v carotides_n ascend_v from_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o noll_n of_o the_o head_n do_v pour_v their_o blood_n and_o spirit_n which_o be_v convey_v on_o either_o
the_o palsy_n in_o the_o sound_n part_v not_o in_o the_o affect_a reason_n another_o reason_n because_o nature_n use_v to_o avoid_v the_o excrementitious_a humour_n by_o the_o wound_n as_o sometime_o by_o a_o flux_n of_o blood_n sometime_o by_o quitture_v sometime_o by_o medicine_n which_o draw_v away_o and_o exhaust_v the_o humour_n either_o sensible_o or_o insensible_o so_o that_o the_o affect_a part_n be_v well_o purge_v by_o some_o or_o more_o of_o these_o mean_n but_o the_o opposite_a part_n which_o be_v not_o expurged_a be_v easy_o affect_v either_o by_o sympathy_n or_o when_o the_o matter_n be_v transmit_v or_o fall_v upon_o it_o some_o think_v that_o almost_o all_o the_o spirit_n do_v flow_v to_o the_o part_n wherein_o the_o tumour_n or_o inflammation_n another_o another_o be_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o opposite_a part_n be_v defraud_v of_o they_o be_v resolve_v qvest._n vii_o what_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n what_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o generation_n and_o the_o place_n thereof_o we_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v by_o strong_a argument_n that_o to_o motion_n &_o sense_n be_v requite_v not_o only_o a_o influence_n of_o a_o faculty_n but_o also_o of_o a_o corporeal_a spirit_n now_o what_o name_n we_o shall_v give_v this_o spirit_n what_o his_o nature_n be_v what_o be_v the_o manner_n and_o place_n of_o his_o generation_n we_o will_v brief_o declare_v galen_n call_v this_o spirit_n every_o where_fw-mi animalem_fw-la the_o animal_n spirit_n because_o galen_n what_o be_v the_o animal_n spirit_n galen_n the_o soul_n use_v it_o as_o her_o immediate_a organ_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o the_o animal_n function_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n and_o those_o which_o we_o common_o call_v principal_a this_o spirit_n in_o the_o 17._o chapter_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n de_fw-fr vsu_fw-la partium_fw-la he_o desine_v to_o be_v a_o exhalation_n of_o pure_a blood_n some_o think_v it_o to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o live_a brain_n yea_o both_o a_o similar_v and_o a_o organical_a part_n similar_v as_o it_o have_v a_o certain_a and_o design_a temper_n organical_a as_o it_o be_v thin_a lucid_a subtle_a pure_a and_o moovable_a this_o spirit_n some_o have_v think_v do_v not_o differ_v in_o kind_n and_o nature_n from_o the_o vital_a but_o only_o in_o accident_n as_o in_o temperament_n place_n the_o original_a à _fw-fr quo_fw-la and_o the_o manner_n of_o diffusion_n for_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v moist_a and_o more_o temperate_a the_o vital_a hot_a the_o animal_n come_v from_o the_o brain_n the_o vital_a from_o the_o heart_n the_o animal_n be_v disperse_v through_o the_o nerve_n for_o motion_n and_o sense_n the_o vital_a through_o the_o artery_n to_o maintain_v the_o life_n we_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o these_o two_o spirit_n be_v of_o a_o diverse_a form_n and_o kind_a as_o chylification_n be_v diverse_a from_o sanguification_n for_o the_o organ_n be_v diverse_a the_o faculty_n diverse_a diverse_a kind_n the_o vital_a and_o animal_n spirit_n differ_v in_o form_n &_o kind_n be_v the_o manner_n of_o generation_n and_o as_o the_o aliment_n by_o a_o new_a concoction_n receive_v a_o new_a form_n and_o so_o a_o new_a denomination_n so_o be_v it_o with_o the_o spirit_n galen_n in_o a_o thousand_o place_n distinguish_v this_o animal_n from_o the_o vital_a spirit_n whatsoever_o some_o new_a writer_n say_v to_o the_o contrary_n in_o the_o 5._o chapter_n of_o the_o 12._o book_n of_o his_o method_n the_o animal_n spirit_n say_v he_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n as_o out_o of_o his_o fountain_n the_o demonstration_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v not_o evident_a but_o yet_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o natural_a spirit_n that_o be_v include_v in_o the_o liver_n and_o the_o vein_n in_o the_o 7._o chap_n of_o his_o 3._o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affect_n be_v gal._n say_v galen_n diverse_a place_n in_o galen_n the_o epilepsy_n happen_v in_o the_o brain_n when_o the_o humour_n hinder_v the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o ventricle_n thereof_o that_o it_o can_v have_v issue_n out_o in_o the_o 10._o chapter_n of_o his_o 16._o book_n de_fw-fr usupartium_fw-la the_o complication_n of_o the_o artery_n do_v nourish_v the_o animal_n spirit_n contain_v in_o the_o brain_n which_o differ_v much_o in_o nature_n from_o other_o spirit_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hip._n &_o plat._n the_o spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o artery_n be_v indeed_o vital_a and_o so_o be_v also_o call_v that_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o brain_n be_v animal_n not_o that_o it_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o soul_n but_o because_o it_o be_v the_o soul_n first_fw-mi and_o most_o immediate_a instrument_n the_o same_o also_o he_o write_v in_o the_o 4._o chapter_n of_o his_o 9_o book_n de_fw-fr usupartium_fw-la in_o the_o 8._o chapter_n of_o the_o 9_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hip._n &_o plat._n and_o in_o the_o 5._o chapter_n of_o the_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr utilitate_fw-la respirationis_fw-la by_o all_o which_o place_n we_o may_v gather_v that_o galen_n make_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o vital_a and_o the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o true_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o animal_n spirit_n it_o be_v very_o necessary_a spirit_n the_o necessity_n &_o use_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n first_o to_o convey_v unto_o the_o part_n the_o faculty_n of_o motion_n and_o sense_n which_o be_v not_o fix_v in_o they_o and_o again_o that_o we_o may_v be_v more_o apprehensive_a of_o outward_a accident_n for_o see_v that_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n ought_v to_o be_v affect_v on_o the_o sudden_a by_o sensible_a thing_n it_o be_v fit_a they_o shall_v not_o be_v altogether_o solid_a but_o hove_v and_o fulfil_v with_o spirit_n that_o they_o may_v the_o soon_o be_v alter_v moreover_o these_o spirit_n do_v transfer_v the_o species_n or_o form_n of_o all_o outward_a thing_n perceive_v by_o the_o outward_a sense_n unto_o the_o brain_n as_o unto_o a_o censor_n or_o judge_n the_o same_o spirit_n do_v conceive_v in_o the_o brain_n the_o image_n of_o those_o outward_a thing_n so_o that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n may_v be_v call_v the_o place_n and_o promptuarie_n of_o the_o species_n or_o form_n so_o in_o the_o vertigo_n or_o giddiness_n neither_o the_o thing_n itself_o nor_o the_o image_n of_o it_o nor_o any_o thing_n beside_o vertigo_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o vertigo_n the_o spirit_n be_v roll_v about_o and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o thing_n seem_v to_o he_o that_o be_v so_o affect_v to_o run_v round_o wherefore_o this_o spirit_n be_v necessary_a both_o for_o motion_n and_o sense_n as_o for_o the_o principal_a faculty_n to_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o their_o function_n the_o brain_n use_v the_o ministry_n and_o help_n of_o this_o spirit_n so_o that_o it_o work_v both_o within_o the_o brain_n and_o without_o the_o brain_n within_o the_o brain_n it_o help_v the_o principal_a faculty_n without_o the_o brain_n it_o confert_v motion_n and_o sense_n now_o it_o be_v not_o only_a abide_n in_o the_o ventricle_n but_o also_o in_o the_o pore_n and_o in_o the_o whole_a marrowy_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n so_o that_o in_o the_o pore_n and_o substance_n it_o be_v communicate_v to_o the_o principal_a faculty_n in_o the_o ventricle_n it_o serve_v more_o immediate_o for_o sense_n and_o motion_n furthermore_o this_o spirit_n which_o be_v the_o immediate_a organ_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n and_o of_o the_o manifold_a how_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v manifold_a principal_a faculty_n be_v indeed_o of_o one_o kind_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v esteem_v manifold_a according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o object_n and_o instrument_n where_o about_o it_o be_v employ_v which_o thing_n artsntotle_n elegant_o have_v teach_v we_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o his_o 5._o book_n the_o generatione_n animalium_fw-la the_o spirit_n say_v he_o in_o natural_a thing_n be_v like_o the_o hammer_n in_o the_o art_n of_o the_o smith_n that_o be_v to_o say_v but_o one_o instrument_n yet_o profitable_a for_o the_o performance_n of_o many_o office_n actuarius_n compare_v it_o to_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o though_o they_o be_v all_o of_o one_o kind_n yet_o they_o become_v unlike_a when_o they_o light_v upon_o different_a colour_n it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o shall_v manifest_v unto_o you_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n spirit_n the_o matter_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o generation_n the_o matter_n of_o it_o be_v double_a air_n and_o the_o vital_a spirit_n the_o air_n be_v draw_v in_o by_o the_o nostril_n the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v convey_v through_o the_o artery_n call_v carotide_n and_o ceruicale_n into_o the_o
and_o the_o nerve_n be_v voluntary_a furthermore_o we_o be_v not_o to_o think_v that_o the_o nerve_n be_v so_o much_o the_o fit_a for_o motion_n second_o second_o by_o how_o much_o they_o have_v more_o marrow_n rather_o we_o believe_v the_o contrary_a that_o the_o hard_a nerve_n be_v fit_a for_o motion_n and_o the_o soft_a for_o sense_n because_o sensation_n be_v a_o passion_n but_o motion_n a_o action_n we_o know_v also_o by_o experience_n that_o the_o optic_a nerve_n which_o be_v the_o soft_a of_o all_o the_o nerve_n have_v more_o marrowy_a substance_n than_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o second_o conjugation_n yet_o the_o optic_a be_v the_o nerve_n of_o sense_n the_o other_o the_o nerve_n of_o motion_n add_v hereto_o that_o motion_n shall_v be_v rather_o ascribe_v to_o the_o membrane_n then_o to_o the_o marrow_n because_o the_o marrow_n melt_v away_o but_o the_o membrane_n be_v stretch_v &_o contract_v so_o the_o nerve_n of_o child_n be_v weak_a and_o soft_a and_o unfit_a for_o motion_n to_o all_o these_o let_v we_o add_v the_o authority_n of_o galen_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hip._n &_o platonis_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o faculty_n of_o motion_n and_o sense_n be_v only_o contain_v in_o galen_n the_o authority_n of_o galen_n the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o that_o the_o membrane_n be_v make_v to_o clothe_v and_o nourish_v the_o marrow_n &_o for_o no_o other_o use_n we_o conceive_v therefore_o that_o this_o paradox_n although_o it_o be_v witty_a yet_o will_v not_o hold_v at_o the_o touchstone_n and_o therefore_o we_o determine_v that_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v without_o all_o sense_n and_o animal_n motion_n and_o yet_o be_v the_o fountain_n and_o original_n of_o all_o animal_n both_o the_o brain_n have_v neither_o sense_n nor_o motion_n and_o yet_o be_v the_o original_n of_o both_o sense_n and_o motion_n of_o sense_n because_o it_o perceyve_v the_o representation_n and_o receyve_v the_o impression_n of_o all_o sensible_a thing_n of_o motion_n because_o it_o dispense_v and_o afford_v all_o that_o power_n and_o command_v for_o the_o avoid_n of_o that_o which_o be_v noxious_a and_o prosecution_n of_o that_o which_o be_v profitable_a from_o whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o when_o the_o brain_n be_v il_fw-mi affect_v the_o inferior_a part_n have_v neither_o sense_n nor_o motion_n qvest._n xi_o of_o the_o temperament_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o physician_n and_o the_o peripatetike_n in_o this_o do_v agree_v that_o the_o brain_n in_o the_o active_a quality_n be_v cold_a in_o the_o passive_a moist_a but_o here_o in_o they_o differ_v that_o aristotle_n in_o the_o seven_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr partib_n animalium_fw-la and_o in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr somno_fw-la &_o vigilia_fw-la determine_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v actual_o cold_a and_o ordain_v to_o refrigerate_v or_o cool_v the_o heart_n contrariwise_o the_o physician_n say_v that_o it_o be_v actual_o hot_a for_o galen_n in_o his_o eight_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hip._n &_o platonis_fw-la say_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o most_o sultry_a aer_fw-la in_o summer_n galen_n reconciliation_n of_o aristotle_n and_o galen_n some_o there_o be_v that_o do_v thus_o reconcile_v galen_n and_o aristotle_n there_o be_v say_v they_o a_o double_a temperament_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o one_o inbred_n the_o other_o influent_a by_o the_o inbred_n temper_n the_o proper_a composition_n and_o the_o marrowy_a substance_n the_o brain_n be_v very_o cold_a but_o by_o the_o influent_a temper_n it_o be_v hot_a for_o it_o be_v full_a of_o spirit_n and_o intertex_v with_o very_a many_o small_a artery_n if_o you_o respect_v the_o inbred_a temper_n then_o be_v the_o temperament_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n one_o and_o the_o same_o because_o they_o have_v the_o same_o marrowy_a substance_n if_o you_o respect_v the_o influent_a temper_n then_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o ninthe_n chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr temperam_fw-la the_o brain_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n as_o well_o because_o there_o pass_v unto_o it_o more_o artery_n as_o also_o because_o many_o fumid_a exhalation_n do_v ascend_v unto_o it_o some_o say_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v simple_o and_o absolute_o hot_a but_o cold_a comparative_o because_o it_o be_v the_o cold_a of_o all_o the_o bowel_n and_o galen_n in_o art_n medica_fw-la write_v that_o a_o hot_a brain_n be_v cold_a than_o the_o cold_a heart_n in_o which_o respect_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_n call_v the_o brain_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o seat_n of_o coldness_n but_o i_o can_v approve_v this_o opinion_n for_o if_o the_o brain_n be_v cold_a than_o the_o skin_n which_o be_v in_o a_o mean_a betwixt_o the_o extreme_n than_o it_o be_v simple_o cold_a and_o not_o hot_a now_o that_o it_o be_v cold_a than_o the_o skin_n galen_n teach_v in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr temperamentis_fw-la it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o if_o the_o brain_n be_v lay_v bare_a it_o will_v present_o be_v refrigerated_a objection_n objection_n by_o the_o aer_fw-la whereas_o the_o skin_n be_v not_o affect_v therewith_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v alter_v solution_n solution_n by_o the_o aer_fw-la because_o it_o be_v not_o accustom_v thereto_o as_o the_o skin_n be_v so_o the_o tooth_n because_o they_o be_v accustom_v to_o the_o air_n do_v not_o grow_v black_a as_o other_o bone_n do_v if_o they_o be_v lay_v bare_a or_o again_o that_o the_o brain_n be_v hot_a to_o feel_v to_o then_o the_o skin_n because_o it_o be_v cover_v with_o the_o scull_n and_o the_o membrane_n and_o have_v many_o complication_n of_o the_o artery_n therein_o we_o determine_v therefore_o that_o the_o brain_n of_o his_o inbred_a temper_n be_v cold_a than_o the_o skin_n but_o by_o his_o influent_a temper_n be_v hot_a that_o the_o brain_n shall_v be_v cold_a it_o be_v very_o necessary_a lest_o a_o member_n set_v a_o part_n for_o continual_a cogitation_n or_o discourse_n shall_v be_v inflame_v and_o set_v cold_a why_o the_o brain_n ought_v to_o be_v cold_a on_o fire_n again_o that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o be_v very_o fine_a and_o subtle_a may_v be_v retain_v and_o not_o vanish_v away_o final_o that_o our_o motion_n and_o sensation_n shall_v not_o be_v rash_a or_o phanaticall_a as_o they_o be_v in_o such_o as_o be_v phrenetical_a that_o be_v have_v their_o brain_n in_o flame_v it_o may_v be_v object_v if_o the_o brain_n be_v cold_a how_o then_o do_v it_o engender_v animal_n and_o attenuate_v vital_a spirit_n for_o these_o be_v solution_n objection_n solution_n the_o work_n of_o a_o vehement_a hear_v i_o answer_v that_o the_o spirit_n be_v attenuate_v in_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o small_a artery_n &_o in_o the_o strayghtes_n of_o those_o passage_n &_o that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v form_v not_o so_o much_o by_o any_o manifest_a quality_n such_o as_o be_v heat_n as_o by_o a_o in_o breed_v and_o hide_a propriety_n but_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o extreme_a hot_a heart_n be_v thick_a than_o those_o of_o the_o spirit_n why_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o extreme_a hot_a heart_n be_v thick_a than_o the_o animal_n spirit_n very_a cold_a brain_n must_v not_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o heat_n which_o be_v the_o worker_n but_o to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o matter_n which_o be_v the_o sufferer_n for_o the_o heart_n make_v vital_a spirit_n of_o of_o thick_a blood_n bring_v unto_o it_o through_o the_o hollow_a vein_n the_o brain_n make_v animal_n spirit_n of_o subtle_a and_o thin_a vital_a blood_n and_o spirit_n so_o a_o weak_a heat_n boil_v a_o thin_a and_o easy_o concoct_v aliment_n whereas_o a_o very_a strong_a heat_n will_v hardly_o overcome_v a_o thick_a aliment_n it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o in_o the_o active_a quality_n the_o brain_n be_v cold_a that_o in_o the_o passive_a quality_n it_o be_v moist_a both_o by_o the_o inbred_a and_o influent_a temper_n no_o man_n i_o think_v be_v unresolued_a for_o it_o appear_v even_o to_o the_o touch_n now_o it_o be_v by_o nature_n moist_a why_o the_o brain_n be_v make_v moist_a create_v moist_a as_o well_o for_o more_o perfect_a sensation_n for_o sensation_n be_v a_o passion_n and_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v moist_a do_v more_o easy_o receive_v the_o image_n and_o representation_n of_o thing_n offer_v unto_o they_o as_o also_o for_o the_o original_n and_o propagation_n of_o the_o nerve_n which_o will_v not_o have_v be_v so_o flexible_a if_o the_o brain_n have_v be_v hard_o add_v hereto_o that_o if_o the_o brain_n have_v be_v hard_o it_o have_v also_o be_v heavy_a and_o the_o weight_n and_o hardness_n thereof_o will_v have_v be_v offensive_a to_o the_o sinew_n final_o it_o
be_v make_v moist_a lest_o be_v a_o member_n destine_v to_o perpetual_a motion_n sensation_n and_o cogitation_n it_o shall_v have_v be_v inflame_v if_o the_o moisture_n have_v not_o be_v a_o impediment_n thereto_o but_o if_o you_o compare_v the_o two_o quality_n together_o than_o we_o say_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v more_o moist_a than_o cold_a for_o among_o the_o moist_a part_n it_o have_v a_o three_o place_n among_o the_o cold_a part_n almost_o the_o last_o qvest._n xii_o how_o many_o and_o what_o be_v the_o excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o by_o what_o way_n they_o be_v purge_v the_o brain_n be_v of_o a_o medullous_a or_o marrowy_a substance_n and_o by_o his_o excrement_n why_o the_o â—â—_o brain_n abound_v with_o excrement_n natural_a temper_n cold_a and_o moist_a because_o it_o be_v nourish_v with_o phlegmatic_a blood_n heap_v together_o a_o great_a abundance_n of_o excrement_n moreover_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o chimney_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n or_o the_o head_n of_o a_o still_o who_o figure_n also_o it_o represent_v it_o suck_v and_o draw_v from_o the_o low_a part_n all_o kind_n of_o expiration_n as_o hypocrates_n teach_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_n whereupon_o it_o become_v fill_v with_o vapour_n and_o as_o it_o be_v drink_v with_o their_o continual_a affluence_n and_o so_o sta_fw-la ble_v in_o itself_o a_o mass_n of_o superfluity_n so_o that_o it_o abound_v with_o excrement_n as_o well_o of_o itself_o that_o be_v it_o of_o own_o nature_n because_o it_o be_v cold_a &_o moist_a as_o also_o by_o event_n for_o that_o it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o uppermost_a place_n whether_o all_o vapour_n do_v resort_v these_o excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n if_o we_o believe_v hypocrates_n and_o galen_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n thick_a thick_a some_o be_v thin_a and_o some_o be_v thick_a the_o thin_a like_o vapour_n or_o soot_n do_v expire_v or_o exhale_v upward_o by_o insensible_a passage_n the_o thick_a be_v purge_v downward_o by_o open_a and_o conspicuous_a thin_a thin_a way_n with_o the_o thin_a and_o vaporous_a exhalation_n the_o brain_n be_v cloy_v only_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o situation_n for_o all_o fume_n do_v arise_v upward_o and_o beside_o all_o vessel_n do_v determine_v in_o the_o head_n but_o it_o abound_v with_o these_o crass_a and_o thick_a excrement_n above_o other_o bowel_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o cold_a and_o moist_a temper_n thereof_o of_o these_o thick_a excrement_n some_o be_v phlegmatic_a waterish_a and_o scrous_a some_o be_v bilious_a some_o melancholy_n the_o waterish_a be_v generate_v of_o the_o relic_n of_o the_o phlegmatic_a and_o excrement_n the_o kind_n of_o thick_a excrement_n crew_n blood_n the_o bilious_a or_o melancholy_a out_o of_o the_o earthy_a portion_n of_o the_o aliment_n torrify_v by_o the_o violence_n of_o heat_n and_o therefore_o they_o grow_v bitter_a argenterius_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o that_o waterish_a and_o mucous_a humour_n which_o be_v avoid_v partly_o brain_n argenterius_n his_o error_n concern_v the_o phlegmatic_a excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o nose_n partly_o by_o the_o mouth_n and_o palate_n be_v not_o the_o proper_a excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n because_o many_o man_n and_o woman_n do_v seldom_o or_o never_o spit_v and_o as_o seldom_o avoid_v any_o moisture_n by_o the_o nose_n but_o say_v it_o be_v a_o humour_n engender_v in_o the_o liver_n mix_v with_o the_o blood_n and_o contain_v in_o the_o vein_n which_o be_v not_o generate_v in_o the_o brain_n upon_o the_o concoction_n of_o the_o aliment_n but_o be_v thither_o derive_v from_o below_o and_o because_o through_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o concoction_n and_o cold_a distemper_n it_o can_v be_v assimilate_v by_o the_o brain_n it_o return_v back_o again_o as_o a_o redundance_n or_o superfluity_n and_o be_v cast_v out_o by_o the_o mouth_n &_o by_o the_o nose_n which_o assertion_n confute_v confute_v of_o his_o if_o it_o be_v true_a what_o reason_n have_v nature_n to_o place_n in_o the_o saddle_n or_o seat_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n that_o kernelly_n and_o spongy_a flesh_n be_v it_o not_o appoint_v to_o receive_v this_o very_a excrement_n if_o this_o phlegmatic_a humour_n be_v only_o generate_v in_o a_o intemperate_a brain_n what_o use_n be_v there_o of_o the_o glandule_n which_o be_v find_v in_o all_o brain_n though_o most_o temperate_a nature_n be_v too_o wise_a and_o provident_a so_o rash_o to_o frame_v any_o part_n where_o there_o shall_v not_o be_v continual_a use_n thereof_o in_o this_o opinion_n therefore_o of_o argenterius_n we_o can_v find_v no_o use_n either_o for_o the_o tunnell_n or_o the_o phlegmatic_a glandule_n if_o the_o brain_n be_v not_o distemper_v moreover_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o he_o say_v that_o those_o who_o brain_n be_v temperate_a do_v not_o spit_v phlegm_n or_o avoid_v mucous_a matter_n by_o their_o nose_n for_o galen_n in_o the_o 13._o chap._n artis_fw-la paruae_fw-la teach_v that_o in_o a_o brain_n which_o be_v most_o temperate_a the_o excrement_n that_o be_v purge_v by_o the_o nose_n and_o by_o the_o pallate_n such_o as_o be_v waterish_a and_o mucous_a excrement_n be_v in_o moderate_a quantity_n neither_o be_v we_o to_o attribute_v it_o unto_o perfect_a sanity_n when_o we_o find_v those_o excrement_n by_o the_o passage_n not_o to_o be_v avoid_v wherefore_o we_o conclude_v against_o argenterius_n that_o these_o phlegmatic_a and_o mucous_a humour_n be_v the_o proper_a excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n because_o in_o the_o brain_n they_o have_v peculiar_a conveyance_n and_o channel_n by_o which_o they_o be_v avoid_v frame_v by_o nature_n only_o for_o their_o evacuation_n have_v thus_o determine_v concern_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n let_v we_o now_o see_v by_o what_o passage_n every_o of_o these_o excrement_n be_v avoid_v the_o thin_a and_o fuliginous_a excrement_n arise_v upward_o because_o of_o their_o levity_n do_v expire_v out_o by_o what_o way_n the_o thin_a excrement_n breathe_v out_o or_o breathe_v out_o through_o the_o meninge_n the_o skull_n and_o the_o skin_n through_o the_o meninge_n and_o the_o skin_n not_o by_o any_o sensible_a or_o conspicuous_a way_n but_o by_o insensible_a exhalation_n for_o their_o body_n while_o a_o man_n be_v alive_a be_v infinite_o perforate_v or_o at_o least_o pervious_a with_o many_o small_a hole_n but_o these_o sooty_a vapour_n because_o they_o can_v not_o pass_v the_o thickness_n and_o density_n of_o the_o bone_n therefore_o be_v the_o skull_n distinguish_v with_o suture_n or_o seam_n so_o that_o it_o consist_v not_o of_o one_o bone_n but_o of_o diverse_a join_v together_o by_o those_o suture_n through_o which_o as_o also_o through_o the_o hole_n which_o be_v thrill_v betwixt_o the_o table_n of_o the_o skull_n these_o thin_a excrement_n and_o fuliginous_a vapour_n do_v exhale_v but_o the_o thick_a excrement_n descend_v downward_o by_o their_o natural_a and_o elementary_a excrement_n the_o way_n of_o the_o thick_a excrement_n form_n have_v manifest_a and_o conspicuons_a passage_n concern_v which_o physician_n do_v not_o so_o perfect_o agree_v among_o themselves_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la &_o de_fw-la glandulis_fw-la acknowledge_v seven_o way_n by_o which_o the_o humour_n pass_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n that_o be_v hypocrates_n hypocrates_n through_o the_o nose_n the_o ear_n the_o eye_n the_o palate_n into_o the_o throat_n &_o gullet_n through_o the_o vein_n into_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o into_o the_o blood_n galen_n in_o his_o 13._o chapter_n artis_fw-la paruae_fw-la say_v there_o be_v four_o passage_n the_o palate_n the_o nose_n galen_n galen_n the_o ear_n and_o the_o eye_n the_o same_o also_o he_o say_v in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la and_o in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr sanitate_fw-la tuenda_fw-la but_o in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o 21._o aphorism_n of_o the_o first_o section_n he_o name_v only_o the_o pallate_n and_o the_o nose_n as_o also_o in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o 9_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la where_o he_o say_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o bend_v downward_o do_v send_v out_o the_o thick_a excrement_n as_o well_o by_o the_o pallate_n into_o the_o mouth_n as_o also_o by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o nostril_n and_o these_o passage_n be_v large_a and_o conspicuous_a in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr symp_n causis_fw-la and_o the_o 8_o de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la he_o say_v that_o the_o pallate_n alone_o be_v the_o fit_a way_n of_o expurgation_n when_o the_o creature_n have_v good_a concoction_n and_o that_o the_o nostril_n do_v only_o serve_v for_o the_o inspiration_n of_o aer_fw-la and_o odour_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o 24._o aphorism_n of_o the_o three_o section_n he_o write_v that_o the_o expurgation_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o ear_n be_v not_o natural_a unless_o it_o be_v in_o
in_o sapour_n or_o taste_n humidity_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o two_o contrary_n shall_v be_v predominant_a in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o subject_n than_o which_o what_o can_v be_v more_o absurd_a we_o must_v say_v therefore_o that_o these_o quality_n be_v in_o mix_v body_n not_o actual_o but_o potential_o and_o that_o they_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o mixture_n as_o out_o of_o their_o matter_n so_o that_o when_o we_o be_v potentialli_n odour_n what_o it_o be_v say_v that_o siccity_n have_v the_o predominance_n in_o odour_n we_o speak_v of_o that_o odour_n which_o exhale_v into_o act_n out_o of_o the_o mix_a body_n and_o so_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o contrariety_n in_o that_o we_o affirm_v neither_o let_v any_o man_n think_v it_o absurd_a that_o we_o say_v two_o contrary_n may_v be_v potential_o in_o the_o same_o subject_n for_o water_n that_o be_v tepid_v or_o warm_a that_o be_v in_o a_o middle_a temper_n betwixt_o cold_a and_o hot_a be_v potential_o both_o cold_a and_o hot_a at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n for_o it_o have_v a_o equal_a disposition_n to_o they_o both_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o potential_a contrariety_n breed_v no_o strife_n in_o a_o real_a subject_n qvest._n xlix_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o odour_n although_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o odour_n do_v consist_v in_o siccity_n yet_o it_o can_v be_v at_o odour_n he_o be_v be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o odour_n any_o time_n without_o humidity_n yea_o it_o be_v generate_v out_o of_o humidity_n elevate_v or_o raise_v up_o into_o vapour_n by_o heat_n so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o odour_n unless_o the_o force_n and_o efficacy_n of_o heat_n do_v boil_v raise_v up_o and_o attenuate_v the_o humidity_n and_o this_o all_o herbalist_n acknowledge_v for_o a_o rule_n to_o wit_n that_o all_o thing_n that_o smell_v strong_o be_v hot_a so_o that_o from_o the_o vehemency_n or_o remissness_n of_o the_o odour_n they_o do_v in_o herb_n distinguish_v the_o degree_n of_o heat_n so_o say_v aristotle_n in_o the_o 12_o problem_n of_o the_o 12_o galan_n a_o rule_n for_o herbaliste_n galan_n section_n strong_a and_o â—anke-smelling_a seed_n be_v hot_a because_o the_o odour_n proceed_v from_o heat_n the_o like_a also_o galen_n affirm_v in_o the_o 22._o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr simplicium_fw-la medicamentorum_fw-la facultatibus_fw-la experience_n also_o manife_v the_o same_o for_o perfume_n be_v more_o fragrant_a when_o they_o be_v hot_a sweet_a thing_n smell_v most_o when_o they_o be_v hot_a hot_a then_o when_o they_o be_v cold_a and_o in_o hot_a season_n yield_v a_o sweet_a smell_n which_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o the_o moisture_n be_v better_a boil_v away_o and_o that_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n of_o odour_n raise_v up_o in_o the_o abundance_n of_o exhalation_n which_o can_v be_v loosen_v and_o free_v from_o the_o bond_n of_o the_o matter_n wherein_o they_o be_v unless_o it_o be_v by_o heat_n for_o cold_a do_v bind_v and_o shut_v they_o up_o neither_o suffer_v they_o to_o issue_n out_o of_o their_o substance_n nor_o give_v they_o way_n to_o attain_v unto_o the_o organ_n of_o sense_n and_o after_o this_o manner_n plutarch_n in_o the_o 25_o chapter_n frost_n why_o hound_n can_v hunt_v in_o frost_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr causis_fw-la naturalibus_fw-la assoyl_v the_o question_n why_o in_o a_o frosty_a morning_n hound_n can_v hunt_v so_o true_o as_o in_o open_a weather_n but_o it_o will_v be_v object_v if_o the_o odour_n be_v not_o a_o fumide_a exhalation_n what_o need_n have_v it_o of_o moisture_n and_o heat_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o we_o must_v remember_v that_o whereof_o we_o objection_n objection_n be_v admonish_v before_o that_o odour_n in_o mix_a body_n be_v only_o potential_o &_o can_v solution_n solution_n be_v produce_v into_o a_o act_n unless_o they_o issue_n out_o of_o they_o wherefore_o be_v a_o accident_n it_o can_v issue_n out_o of_o his_o subject_n wherein_o it_o be_v potential_o unless_o some_o other_o subject_n do_v accompany_v it_o for_o say_v the_o philosopher_n the_o be_v of_o a_o accident_n be_v to_o be_v in_o for_o out_o of_o their_o subject_n they_o be_v nothing_o this_o subject_n therefore_o which_o produce_v the_o odour_n into_o act_n be_v a_o exhalation_n a_o exhalation_n can_v be_v raise_v but_o by_o heat_n out_o of_o moisture_n it_o follow_v therefore_o that_o both_o heat_n and_o moisture_n be_v necessary_a in_o the_o production_n of_o odour_n necessary_a i_o say_v not_o pierce_v as_o they_o be_v odour_n but_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la because_o they_o can_v actual_o exist_v without_o a_o exhalation_n they_o urge_v further_o if_o a_o odour_n be_v of_o and_o by_o itself_o nothing_o then_o there_o can_v be_v no_o knowledge_n objection_n objection_n thereof_o for_o there_o be_v no_o knowledge_n of_o that_o which_o be_v non_fw-la ens_fw-la or_o without_o be_v again_o a_o substance_n pierce_v or_o by_o itself_o can_v be_v know_v and_o therefore_o say_v they_o we_o take_v away_o even_o out_o of_o the_o universal_a nature_n all_o science_n for_o whatsoever_o be_v be_v either_o a_o substance_n solution_n solution_n or_o a_o accident_n three_o thing_n there_o be_v none_o indeed_o we_o grant_v that_o of_o a_o odour_n consider_v by_o itself_o and_o separated_o there_o be_v no_o knowledge_n for_o so_o consider_v it_o be_v nothing_o neither_o substance_n no_o knowledge_n of_o a_o accident_n without_o the_o substance_n do_v it_o fall_v under_o sense_n but_o as_o it_o be_v join_v with_o the_o exhalation_n it_o move_v the_o sense_n and_o also_o fall_v under_o science_n or_o knowledge_n in_o like_a manner_n accident_n separate_v from_o their_o substance_n and_o substance_n separate_v from_o the_o accident_n do_v not_o fall_v under_o science_n but_o each_o by_o other_o be_v mutual_o know_v and_o demonstrate_v qvest._n l._n conclude_v that_o fish_n do_v not_o smell_v some_o peripatician_n say_v placentinus_n may_v object_v on_o this_o manner_n if_o a_o odour_n have_v actual_a existence_n only_o in_o exhalation_n so_o that_o without_o it_o it_o can_v move_v the_o sense_n then_o what_o shall_v we_o say_v to_o fish_n which_o live_v in_o the_o peripatetik_n a_o objection_n of_o the_o peripatetik_n water_n where_o there_o be_v no_o exhalation_n to_o be_v find_v for_o aristotle_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la say_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o fumid_a exhalation_n make_v in_o water_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o as_o soon_o as_o air_n be_v engender_v in_o water_n it_o rise_v up_o out_o of_o it_o in_o a_o bubble_n we_o may_v answer_v that_o the_o fish_n do_v not_o live_v in_o the_o pure_a and_o neat_a element_n of_o water_n but_o in_o a_o water_n compound_v of_o four_o element_n water_n consist_v of_o four_o element_n element_n be_v therefore_o compound_v there_o be_v some_o fire_n in_o it_o fire_v always_o woork_v that_o work_n consume_v moisture_n and_o such_o consumption_n be_v absolve_v by_o exhalation_n or_o elevation_n into_o vapour_n see_v therefore_o that_o in_o water_n there_o may_v be_v find_v such_o evaporation_n it_o may_v be_v haply_o imagine_v that_o by_o it_o the_o fish_n do_v apprehend_v odour_n but_o say_v my_o author_n it_o may_v be_v this_o thread_n be_v too_o hard_o twist_v or_o too_o fine_o spin_v because_o first_o we_o must_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o fish_n smell_v be_v wonderful_a dull_a because_o of_o the_o predominance_n of_o moisture_n and_o cold_a in_o the_o water_n again_o i_o doubt_v it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o join_v fire_n and_o water_n two_o contrary_n in_o the_o same_o subject_n which_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o contrariety_n and_o sure_o this_o blame_n we_o shall_v worthy_o deserve_v if_o we_o shall_v make_v the_o fire_n &_o water_n equal_a in_o their_o degree_n but_o we_o give_v the_o pre-eminence_n unto_o the_o water_n and_o say_v that_o the_o fire_n as_o also_o the_o other_o element_n do_v put_v their_o quality_n under_o his_o girdle_n i_o do_v not_o say_v that_o water_n the_o fire_n be_v remit_v not_o lose_v in_o the_o water_n the_o quality_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v extinguish_v or_o quench_v out_o by_o the_o water_n but_o they_o be_v remit_v or_o abate_v for_o fire_n work_v perpetual_o wheresoever_o it_o be_v and_o raise_v vapour_n although_o they_o be_v never_o so_o small_a for_o this_o action_n necessary_o follow_v the_o essential_a form_n of_o fire_n so_o that_o if_o you_o separate_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n you_o take_v away_o his_o whole_a substance_n some_o philosopher_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o four_o element_n be_v only_o potentiallie_o in_o compound_a body_n and_o therefore_o have_v only_o potential_a virtue_n so_o that_o fire_n which_o be_v objection_n objection_n only_o potential_o in_o water_n can_v actual_o work_v upon_o it_o but_o we_o answer_v that_o if_o the_o
within_o thick_a wall_n will_v easy_o break_v prison_n and_o vanish_v away_o this_o simple_a coat_n have_v fibre_n of_o all_o kind_n right_a oblique_a and_o transuerse_a if_o not_o for_o his_o own_o private_a nourishment_n to_o which_o the_o attract_v retain_v and_o expelling_a faculty_n be_v serviceable_a yet_o for_o a_o common_a use_n to_o retayn_v and_o draw_v the_o blood_n which_o be_v the_o treasure_n of_o nature_n from_o the_o neighbour_n vein_n to_o transmit_v the_o same_o from_o one_o to_o another_o and_o so_o to_o make_v distribution_n finaly_a to_o separate_v the_o pure_a from_o that_o which_o be_v impure_a i_o think_v also_o say_v laurentius_n that_o the_o fibre_n be_v ordain_v ad_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o avoid_v a_o inconvenience_n for_o because_o oftentimes_o the_o blood_n abound_v in_o quantity_n and_o offer_v a_o kind_n of_o violence_n to_o the_o vein_n sometime_o by_o right_a sometime_o by_o oblique_a sometime_o by_o transuerse_a extention_n he_o vein_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o fibre_n that_o they_o may_v be_v so_o extend_v according_a to_o all_o the_o violent_a occursion_n and_o impression_n make_v by_o the_o blood_n for_o otherwise_o they_o will_v certain_o be_v break_v these_o fibre_n be_v the_o first_o most_o simple_a and_o true_o solyd_v particle_n of_o the_o vein_n but_o that_o substance_n which_o fill_v uppe_o or_o stuff_v out_o the_o space_n betwixt_o the_o fiber_n be_v call_v fleshy_a by_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n the_o fibre_n of_o the_o vein_n say_v galen_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr temperamentis_fw-la be_v cold_a than_o the_o skin_n but_o the_o flesh_n that_o come_v betwixt_o they_o be_v hot_a hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o vein_n differ_v much_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o other_o membrane_n as_o of_o the_o peritoneum_fw-la or_o rimme_a of_o the_o bell_n the_o pleura_fw-la which_o compass_v the_o rib_n and_o the_o periosteon_n which_o immedyat_o invest_v the_o bone_n for_o these_o be_v indeed_o simple_a have_v no_o separate_v fibres_fw-fr and_o may_v be_v bear_v or_o divide_v every_o way_n as_o paper_n may_v but_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v dissimilar_v because_o it_o have_v both_o fibre_n and_o flesh_n this_o proper_a coat_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v invest_v oftentimes_o with_o another_o call_v a_o common_a vein_n the_o common_a coat_n of_o the_o vein_n coat_n which_o it_o borrow_v from_o the_o neighbour_n part_n from_o the_o pleura_fw-la the_o vein_n of_o the_o chest_n do_v borrow_v and_o from_o the_o rimme_a those_o in_o the_o low_a belly_n i_o say_v they_o have_v often_o a_o common_a coat_n for_o all_o vein_n have_v it_o not_o for_o example_n those_o that_o be_v spinkle_v through_o some_o bowel_z those_o that_o wander_v through_o the_o body_n of_o muscle_n and_o final_o those_o which_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o part_n &_o in_o they_o be_v propagate_v or_o increase_v for_o such_o a_o membrane_n will_v hinder_v the_o blood_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o so_o ready_o sweat_v through_o those_o vein_n only_o have_v this_o common_a coat_n which_o either_o do_v run_v a_o long_a journey_n or_o lie_v upon_o some_o hard_a body_n or_o at_o some_o place_n be_v suspend_v or_o hang_v to_o any_o particular_a part_n &_o such_o be_v the_o struc_n a_o vein_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o vein_n the_o definition_n say_v be_v the_o liver_n not_o a_o beginning_n of_o generation_n or_o original_n for_o that_o be_v the_o common_a word_n though_o the_o first_o i_o think_v be_v vein_n the_o common_a use_n of_o the_o vein_n better_a for_o all_o the_o part_n be_v form_v together_o but_o of_o radication_n and_o dispensation_n of_o radication_n be_v cause_n the_o root_n of_o the_o gate_n and_o hollow_a vein_n be_v sprinkle_v through_o the_o whole_a parenchyma_n or_o flesh_n of_o the_o liver_n according_a to_o that_o of_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr alimento_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o radication_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v the_o liver_n of_o dispensation_n that_o be_v of_o distribution_n and_o office_n because_o from_o it_o a_o common_a matter_n to_o wit_v the_o blood_n which_o be_v the_o common_a aliment_n of_o all_o the_o part_n be_v derive_v into_o the_o vein_n wherefore_o by_o hypocrates_n it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o fountain_n and_o original_n of_o pleasant_a and_o benign_a humour_n the_o last_o particle_n of_o the_o definition_n design_v the_o common_a use_n and_o action_n of_o the_o vein_n for_o they_o be_v set_v a_o part_n to_o lead_v or_o transport_v to_o distribute_v or_o apportion_n &_o to_o boil_v the_o blood_n but_o why_o this_o be_v so_o and_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v i_o will_v now_o address_v myself_o to_o declare_v chap._n ii_o of_o the_o use_n and_o action_n of_o the_o vein_n because_o the_o threefold_a substance_n which_o be_v in_o every_o particular_a part_n issue_v from_o vein_n the_o necessity_n of_o the_o vein_n the_o original_n or_o principle_n of_o our_o generation_n do_v continual_o waste_v and_o suffer_v detriment_n nature_n who_o be_v studious_a of_o her_o own_o conservation_n by_o a_o perpetual_a affluence_n of_o aliment_n labour_v to_o restore_v and_o make_v good_a that_o which_o be_v so_o necessary_o spend_v and_o depopulate_v the_o common_a aliment_n of_o the_o part_n be_v the_o blood_n which_o all_o the_o vein_n do_v draw_v from_o the_o liver_n as_o out_o of_o a_o common_a magazine_n or_o store-house_n now_o the_o blood_n can_v not_o be_v transport_v from_o the_o liver_n to_o those_o part_n which_o be_v most_o distant_a and_o remote_a from_o it_o unless_o those_o part_n have_v some_o continuity_n with_o the_o fountain_n it_o be_v therefore_o necessary_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v make_v and_o form_v certain_a canal_n as_o it_o be_v water-pipe_n bore_v to_o contain_v conserve_v and_o conduct_v the_o blood_n throughout_o the_o whole_a body_n such_o be_v the_o vein_n which_o aristotle_n call_v the_o vessel_n or_o conceptacle_n of_o blood_n the_o blood_n therefore_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o vein_n as_o in_o his_o proper_a place_n and_o as_o the_o use_n their_o first_o use_n element_n in_o their_o proper_a place_n receive_v no_o alteration_n for_o the_o place_n be_v the_o conserver_n of_o the_o thing_n place_v so_o the_o blood_n within_o the_o vein_n retain_v his_o benign_a nature_n but_o out_o of_o the_o vein_n it_o present_o either_o putrifi_v or_o cake_v there_o be_v therefore_o in_o the_o vein_n a_o inbred_a power_n to_o contain_v and_o preserve_v the_o blood_n which_o also_o be_v their_o primary_n use_v another_o use_n that_o the_o vein_n have_v be_v to_o distribute_v the_o blood_n which_o distribution_n be_v perform_v by_o a_o action_n that_o be_v by_o attraction_n or_o draw_v from_o the_o second_o the_o second_o neighbour_n vein_n and_o by_o transmission_n or_o transportation_n unto_o other_o and_o for_o this_o action_n sake_n be_v the_o right_n and_o circular_a fibre_n of_o the_o vein_n ordain_v hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr alimento_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o three_o use_n of_o the_o vein_n &_o that_o be_v to_o lead_v along_o heat_n and_o spirit_n into_o the_o particular_a part_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o though_o three_o the_o three_o the_o artery_n be_v tie_v the_o part_n do_v not_o present_o sphacelate_v or_o mortify_v because_o by_o the_o vein_n there_o be_v a_o influence_n of_o a_o double_a heat_n and_o spirit_n that_o be_v to_o say_v vital_a and_o natural_a the_o vital_a they_o receive_v from_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o wonderful_a anastomosis_n or_o innoculation_n of_o the_o artery_n the_o natural_a they_o draw_v direct_o from_o the_o liver_n by_o this_o influent_a spirit_n the_o inbred_a genius_n of_o every_o part_n be_v rouse_v up_o and_o quicken_v and_o by_o it_o as_o by_o a_o good_a manciple_n be_v the_o nourishment_n convey_v into_o the_o whole_a body_n the_o last_o use_n of_o the_o vein_n which_o must_v be_v refer_v also_o to_o their_o common_a action_n be_v four_o the_o four_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o blood_n for_o they_o be_v qualify_v to_o coin_n and_o change_v the_o blood_n some_o to_o prepare_v it_o as_o the_o mesentery_n other_o to_o perfect_v it_o as_o the_o great_a branch_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n and_o this_o faculty_n or_o qualification_n they_o have_v from_o the_o liver_n by_o irradiation_n as_o the_o seminary_n vessel_n have_v from_o the_o testicle_n that_o power_n which_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d there_o be_v also_o other_o particular_a use_n of_o private_a vein_n as_o of_o the_o emulgent_n to_o convey_v vein_n peculiar_a use_n of_o private_a vein_n the_o serous_a or_o wheyie_a humour_n of_o the_o seed_n vessel_n to_o give_v a_o rudiment_n unto_o seed_n of_o the_o mesaraick_n to_o alter_v the_o chylus_n and_o to_o transport_v it_o to_o the_o liver_n of_o
now_o that_o the_o seed_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o blood_n may_v thus_o be_v demonstrate_v hypocrates_n call_v seed_n fiery_a &_o airy_a blood_n cold_a and_o waterish_a beside_o blood_n be_v contain_v in_o a_o trough_n or_o channel_n but_o the_o seed_n pass_v through_o vessel_n which_o have_v no_o sensible_a cavity_n which_o be_v certain_a sign_n of_o the_o tenuity_n and_o heat_n thereof_o but_o this_o reason_n seem_v to_o be_v more_o washy_a and_o loose_a then_o may_v answer_v the_o strength_n and_o vigour_n of_o so_o great_a a_o clark_n wit_n for_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v spirit_n the_o answer_n to_o the_o former_a argument_n two_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v in_o seed_n the_o body_n and_o the_o spirit_n in_o seed_n as_o say_v galen_n in_o many_o place_n the_o crassament_n corpulency_n as_o i_o may_v say_v or_o body_n of_o it_o and_o the_o spirit_n wherewith_o it_o be_v abundant_o store_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o former_a the_o seed_n be_v say_v to_o be_v watery_a and_o earthy_a in_o reference_n to_o the_o spirit_n fiery_a the_o spirit_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o the_o soul_n by_o which_o that_o noble_a architect_n form_v her_o mansion_n or_o habitation_n out_o of_o the_o seed_n work_v and_o form_v it_o into_o part_n convenient_a these_o be_v call_v form_v spirit_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o these_o the_o seed_n be_v say_v to_o be_v artifex_fw-la a_o workman_n and_o carry_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o efficient_a cause_n the_o waterish_a and_o cold_a body_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n i_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o whole_a seed_n consider_v with_o all_o his_o part_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o blood_n because_o it_o be_v full_a of_o spirit_n but_o if_o the_o seed_n be_v rob_v of_o his_o spirit_n then_o be_v it_o cold_o than_o the_o blood_n and_o therefore_o be_v avoid_v the_o heat_n of_o it_o present_o vanish_v and_o by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n it_o become_v libuid_a and_o black_a and_o such_o do_v galen_n acknowledge_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n to_o be_v this_o first_o argument_n jobertus_fw-la strengthen_v with_o another_o thus_o the_o conformation_n or_o argument_n jobertus_fw-la his_fw-la 2._o argument_n structure_n and_o scite_fw-la or_o position_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n do_v manifest_o prove_v their_o heat_n for_o the_o bone_n occupy_v the_o inmost_a place_n and_o be_v cover_v on_o every_o side_n with_o flesh_n as_o be_v also_o the_o nerve_n lest_o their_o ingenit_fw-la or_o inbredde_a heat_n shall_v vanish_v or_o be_v offend_v by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n but_o the_o flesh_n be_v place_v about_o the_o utmost_a part_n by_o which_o argument_n answer_n answer_n i_o can_v see_v what_o he_o will_v conclude_v for_o all_o these_o thing_n do_v rather_o argue_v the_o coldness_n than_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n for_o because_o cold_a be_v their_o great_a enemy_n that_o their_o weak_a and_o languish_a heat_n may_v not_o be_v extinguish_v nature_n do_v on_o every_o side_n cherish_v they_o with_o flesh_n and_o invest_v they_o with_o membrane_n for_o their_o defence_n moreover_o the_o bone_n be_v not_o feat_v so_o far_o within_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o heat_n but_o because_o they_o shall_v serve_v as_o a_o stay_n and_o prop_n to_o uphold_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o frame_n but_o if_o he_o will_v conclude_v that_o the_o external_a part_n be_v cold_a than_o the_o internal_a it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o skin_n which_o all_o man_n acknowledge_v to_o be_v temperate_a be_v cold_a than_o either_o nerve_n or_o bone_n his_o three_o argument_n be_v yet_o more_o absurd_a the_o spermaticall_a part_n say_v he_o be_v easy_o offend_v argument_n jobertus_fw-la 3._o argument_n with_o the_o cold_a therefore_o they_o be_v hot_a for_o alteration_n be_v make_v by_o contrary_n conservation_n by_o thing_n that_o be_v alike_o but_o this_o be_v utter_o opposite_a to_o galens_n philosophy_n who_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr arte_fw-la parita_fw-la give_v this_o as_o a_o general_a rule_n whereby_o we_o may_v distinguish_v the_o temper_n galen_n answer_v galen_n of_o the_o part_n that_o those_o which_o be_v easy_o offend_v with_o cold_a be_v cold_a and_o the_o hot_a with_o heat_n so_o say_v hypocrates_n cold_a be_v the_o great_a enemy_n to_o the_o bone_n nerve_n tooth_n &_o marrow_n hypocrates_n hypocrates_n of_o the_o back_n because_o these_o part_n be_v cold_a galen_n have_v these_o express_a word_n in_o the_o 59_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr arte_fw-la parua_fw-la in_o all_o part_n this_o be_v a_o common_a mark_n of_o the_o temperature_n if_o the_o member_n do_v easy_o grow_v cold_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o frigidity_n or_o rarity_n if_o hardly_o of_o heat_n or_o of_o density_n if_o dry_v thing_n offend_v it_o then_o be_v it_o dry_a and_o rashy_a if_o moist_a thing_n than_o it_o be_v moist_a final_o jobert_n add_v this_o last_o argument_n for_o that_o many_o action_n of_o the_o spermatical_a part_n argument_n jobertus_fw-la 4._o argument_n do_v testify_v that_o there_o be_v in_o they_o a_o vehement_a and_o high_a degree_n of_o heat_n so_o the_o stomach_n which_o be_v membranous_a attenuate_v and_o boil_v the_o meat_n though_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a yea_o the_o ostrich_n soften_v iron_n in_o her_o maw_n the_o bladder_n which_o be_v likewise_o membranous_a bake_v the_o stone_n hard_o than_o the_o kidney_n which_o be_v fleshy_a part_n these_o objection_n may_v at_o first_o sight_n seem_v of_o some_o moment_n to_o those_o that_o be_v not_o sufficient_o groundâ—_n in_o our_o art_n but_o we_o will_v labour_v to_o show_v their_o weakness_n and_o insufficiency_n first_o therefore_o that_o objection_n concern_v answer_v answer_v the_o stomach_n be_v full_a of_o error_n for_o those_o creature_n in_o who_o the_o innermost_a coat_n or_o membrane_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v more_o fleshy_a do_v boil_v their_o meat_n more_o strong_o and_o those_o creature_n which_o have_v no_o tooth_n as_o bird_n have_v a_o solid_a flesh_n and_o very_o full_a of_o warmth_n annex_v to_o their_o crop_n and_o as_o for_o man_n the_o inward_a coat_n of_o their_o stomach_n be_v line_v over_o with_o a_o fleshy_a fallopius_n a_o good_a observation_n of_o fallopius_n crust_n which_o fallopius_n first_o of_o all_o man_n observe_v but_o go_v too_o let_v we_o yield_v this_o unto_o he_o that_o the_o membranous_a stomach_n do_v more_o perfect_o boil_v the_o membranous_a bladder_n bake_v the_o stone_n hard_o yet_o it_o will_v not_o thereupon_o follow_v that_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v the_o hot_a but_o that_o the_o heat_n when_o it_o be_v retain_v in_o a_o more_o solid_a and_o fast_a matter_n burn_v more_o powerful_o who_o will_v say_v that_o a_o glow_a iron_n be_v hot_a than_o a_o flame_n of_o fire_n no_o it_o burn_v more_o fierce_o comparison_n comparison_n but_o yet_o the_o degree_n of_o his_o heat_n be_v more_o remiss_a so_o fire_n in_o his_o own_o sphere_n and_o in_o aquavitae_n do_v not_o burn_v because_o of_o the_o tenuity_n and_o thinness_n of_o the_o matter_n for_o the_o stone_n it_o be_v aquavitae_n aquavitae_n not_o generate_v so_o much_o by_o a_o sharp_a and_o bite_a heat_n as_o by_o long_a continuance_n in_o the_o part_n &_o of_o the_o viscidity_n and_o sliminesse_n of_o the_o matter_n as_o we_o see_v in_o old_a man_n hence_o therefore_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v not_o hot_a than_o the_o fleshy_a neither_o must_v we_o admit_v the_o distinction_n of_o ingenit_fw-la and_o influent_a heat_n because_o if_o there_o be_v a_o collation_n or_o comparison_n make_v it_o must_v be_v between_o equal_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o three_o question_n qvest._n x._o whether_o the_o solid_a part_n be_v once_o dry_v can_v be_v make_v moist_a again_o there_o be_v also_o beside_o the_o former_a three_o another_o by-question_n concern_v the_o moisten_a of_o solid_a part_n after_o they_o be_v dry_v for_o the_o open_n whereof_o we_o must_v understand_v that_o the_o name_n of_o a_o solid_a part_n be_v very_o ambiguous_a and_o equinocall_a the_o common_a people_n call_v that_o a_o solid_a part_n which_o be_v firm_a hard_a dense_a hypocrates_n manifold_a acception_n of_o a_o solid_a part_n galen_n hypocrates_n or_o sight_n and_o well_o compact_a or_o knit_v together_o so_o galen_n call_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n solid_a flesh_n hypocrates_n in_o the_o 7._o section_n of_o his_o 6._o book_n epidemiâ—n_o call_v all_o the_o contain_v part_n solid_a and_o thus_o fleshy_a part_n also_o shall_v be_v esteem_v solid_a some_o there_o be_v who_o by_o solid_a understand_v all_o animate_v part_n which_o have_v a_o proper_a circumscription_n and_o be_v bound_v within_o their_o own_o limit_n philosopher_n call_v that_o solid_a which_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d tale_n that_o be_v
v._n the_o first_o contain_v or_o invest_v part_n be_v the_o cuticle_n which_o the_o greek_n call_v epidermis_fw-la because_o it_o run_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o true_a skin_n whereof_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o flower_a or_o creamy_a production_n for_o while_o nature_n in_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o skin_n mingle_v blood_n with_o the_o seed_n a_o moist_a vapour_n of_o the_o generate_v how_o it_o be_v generate_v blood_n foam_v or_o froth_v up_o and_o drive_v forth_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o heat_n be_v condense_v or_o thicken_v by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n and_o turn_v into_o the_o cuticle_n or_o skarf-skin_n for_o so_o i_o think_v we_o may_v proper_o call_v it_o and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o in_o infant_n newborn_a red_a why_o infant_n look_v red_a the_o whole_a skin_n look_v red_a the_o cuticle_n not_o be_v yet_o form_v for_o want_n of_o cold_a air_n or_o at_o least_o not_o sufficient_o condense_v as_o it_o be_v after_o a_o short_a time_n the_o air_n thicken_a the_o cream_n or_o froth_n of_o the_o blood_n as_o we_o see_v in_o gruel_n or_o boil_a of_o paste_n or_o starch_v a_o skin_n film_n or_o phlegm_n gather_v together_o of_o the_o vapbrous_a froth_n that_o arise_v from_o the_o thick_a moisture_n which_o be_v by_o the_o cold_a air_n condense_v this_o skarfe-skinne_n be_v easy_o lose_v by_o attrition_n or_o scald_a and_o rise_v apparent_o from_o the_o skin_n it_o be_v likewise_o as_o easy_o recover_v where_o the_o skin_n remain_v sound_a for_o where_o there_o scar_n it_o will_v not_o grow_v upon_o a_o scar_n be_v no_o skin_n but_o only_o a_o scar_n or_o cicatrice_n there_o it_o will_v not_o grow_v again_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o spermaticall_a part_n because_o if_o they_o perish_v they_o can_v or_o very_o hardly_o again_o be_v restore_v it_o be_v wondrous_a thin_a unless_o it_o grow_v cailus_n or_o hard_a by_o continual_a labour_n as_o we_o see_v it_o thin_a why_o thin_a do_v in_o feltmaker_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o dull_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o skin_n under_o it_o yet_o in_o the_o palm_n of_o the_o hand_n and_o the_o sole_n of_o the_o foot_n where_o it_o be_v continual_o wear_v and_o renew_a again_o it_o be_v more_o crass_a and_o thick_a this_o be_v that_o which_o serpent_n cast_v every_o year_n we_o call_v it_o the_o slough_n snake_n the_o seek_a of_o a_o snake_n man_n never_o but_o upon_o long_a sickness_n or_o poison_n or_o the_o use_n of_o slabber_v complexion_n it_o be_v thight_a or_o more_o compact_a than_o the_o skin_n itself_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o watery_a humour_n manifest_v the_o thightnes_n of_o it_o manifest_v which_o be_v thrust_v out_o from_o the_o centre_n to_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o body_n do_v easy_o pass_v through_o the_o skin_n but_o hang_v often_o in_o the_o cuticle_n and_o generate_v ecthymata_n phlyctides_n and_o those_o many_o waterish_a pustle_v which_o be_v call_v hydrea_fw-la it_o be_v altogether_o without_o blood_n because_o body_n the_o reason_n of_o pustles_a in_o the_o body_n it_o receive_v neither_o vein_n nor_o artery_n so_o that_o it_o increase_v rather_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o addition_n of_o matter_n then_o by_o nutrition_n insensible_a it_o be_v that_o it_o may_v defend_v the_o skin_n under_o it_o from_o external_a injury_n as_o also_o 114._o the_o use_n of_o the_o skarfe-skin_n medium_fw-la tactus_fw-la lib._n â—_o de_fw-fr anim._n text._n 114._o attemper_v the_o exquisite_a sense_n of_o the_o same_o and_o so_o become_v medium_n tactus_fw-la the_o mean_a of_o touch_v for_o say_v aristotle_n all_o sensation_n be_v make_v by_o some_o mean_a none_o by_o the_o immediate_a touch_n of_o the_o object_n and_o the_o instrument_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o a_o man_n can_v see_v to_o read_v upon_o a_o book_n that_o be_v lay_v upon_o his_o eye_n because_o there_o want_v the_o mean_a between_o the_o object_n and_o the_o instrument_n of_o sense_n that_o be_v air_n enlighten_v in_o like_a manner_n when_o the_o cuticle_n be_v off_o we_o can_v distinguish_v between_o one_o temper_n and_o another_o because_o the_o very_o gentle_a touch_n of_o the_o bare_a skin_n breed_v pain_n and_o the_o sensation_n be_v confuse_v which_o be_v distinct_a when_o the_o skarfe-skin_n be_v whole_a there_o be_v also_o another_o use_n of_o it_o to_o cover_v the_o open_a end_n of_o the_o capillarie_n or_o hairy_a vein_n which_o do_v determine_v in_o the_o skin_n for_o if_o the_o cuticle_n be_v take_v off_o the_o skin_n under_o do_v bleed_v moreover_o it_o be_v also_o a_o cover_n to_o the_o skin_n that_o the_o moisture_n may_v not_o indecent_o or_o unprofitable_o well_o or_o issue_n out_o at_o all_o time_n for_o in_o a_o gall_n or_o rub_v which_o be_v call_v intertrigo_n in_o which_o the_o cuticle_n be_v separate_v the_o skin_n be_v ever_o moist_a last_o it_o smooth_v and_o polish_v the_o roughness_n and_o inequality_n of_o the_o skin_n make_v it_o soft_a supple_a and_o slick_a and_o so_o become_v one_o of_o the_o great_a beauty_n that_o nature_n have_v give_v to_o the_o body_n of_o man_n that_o i_o can_v but_o wonder_v at_o columbus_n who_o utter_o forget_v the_o manifold_a use_n of_o this_o cuticle_n of_o the_o skin_n chap._n vi_o under_o this_o curtain_n or_o scarf_n lie_v the_o true_a &_o genuine_a skin_n which_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o may_v be_v excoriate_v or_o flay_v off_o so_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o skin_n the_o name_n of_o the_o skin_n book_n the_o art_n but_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr insomnijs_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o de_fw-la victus_fw-la ratione_fw-la in_o acutis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o de_fw-la ossium_fw-la natura_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d quasi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o band_n because_o it_o compass_v and_o knit_v together_o the_o whole_a body_n in_o latin_a it_o be_v call_v cutis_fw-la it_o have_v a_o substance_n proper_a to_o itself_o although_o it_o be_v very_o like_a to_o a_o sinew_n and_o membrane_n because_o it_o be_v white_a will_v stretch_v and_o be_v of_o exquisite_a sense_n but_o it_o be_v thick_a than_o any_o membrane_n it_o be_v engender_v substance_n his_o substance_n of_o seed_n perfect_o mix_v with_o blood_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o by_o it_o we_o may_v judge_v as_o well_o of_o the_o spermaticall_a as_o of_o the_o bloody_a part_n it_o seem_v therefore_o to_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n betwixt_o flesh_n and_o a_o sinew_n and_o so_o vesalius_n conceive_v it_o not_o so_o abound_v galen_n whereof_o it_o be_v make_v vesalius_n galen_n with_o blood_n as_o flesh_n but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o bloody_a sinew_n so_o say_v galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr temperam_fw-la notwithstanding_o in_o the_o composition_n the_o spermatical_a part_n exceed_v the_o sanguine_a which_o appear_v as_o by_o the_o colour_n so_o by_o this_o that_o be_v wound_v it_o be_v only_o reunite_v or_o conjoin_v by_o a_o cicatrice_n or_o scar_n columbus_n think_v it_o be_v breed_v of_o the_o extremity_n or_o end_n of_o varolius_fw-la columbus_n varolius_fw-la the_o vessel_n dilate_v varolius_n only_o of_o the_o soft_a sinew_n which_o attain_v to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o body_n do_v there_o grow_v together_o into_o a_o cover_n receive_v addition_n from_o the_o affluence_n of_o blood_n as_o the_o broad_a leaf_n of_o water_n lily_n arise_v from_o a_o slender_a stem_n when_o they_o appear_v above_o the_o water_n be_v extend_v into_o a_o great_a breadth_n out_o of_o a_o small_a stalk_n galen_n in_o the_o three_o of_o his_o method_n say_v it_o be_v breed_v of_o the_o dry_a and_o constringe_v or_o writhen_a flesh_n under_o it_o and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o no_o hair_n will_v grow_v upon_o scar_n because_o they_o have_v no_o foundation_n for_o they_o as_o the_o true_a skin_n have_v but_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o herein_o galen_n and_o not_o he_o only_o but_o plato_n and_o aristotle_n be_v somewhat_o mistake_v for_o the_o skin_n may_v be_v flay_v aristotle_n plato_n aristotle_n from_o the_o flesh_n under_o it_o yea_o and_o between_o the_o skin_n and_o the_o flesh_n there_o be_v two_o part_n if_o at_o least_o they_o may_v be_v so_o call_v the_o fat_a and_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n the_o skin_n be_v natural_o white_a but_o according_a to_o the_o humour_n that_o abound_v or_o the_o body_n under_o it_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr succis_fw-la it_o vari_v the_o colour_n for_o example_n where_o humour_n the_o colour_n follow_v the_o humour_n blood_n abound_v and_o the_o skin_n be_v thin_a as_o in_o the_o face_n there_o a_o rosy_a redness_n mingle_v itself_o with_o the_o white_a or_o overcom_v it_o especial_o if_o either_o by_o heat_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o mind_n it_o flow_v to_o the_o place_n more_o
medicine_n by_o both_o which_o they_o be_v exceed_o relax_v that_o this_o skin_n may_v be_v nourish_v that_o it_o may_v live_v and_o have_v sense_n it_o receive_v all_o these_o three_o common_a organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o nourishment_n life_n and_o sense_n vein_n artery_n and_o sinew_n who_o divarication_n and_o diverse_a branching_n we_o shall_v show_v in_o fit_a place_n in_o our_o discourse_n of_o the_o vessel_n the_o use_n of_o the_o skin_n and_o first_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v the_o immediate_a instrument_n of_o outward_a touch_v that_o we_o may_v be_v forewarn_v of_o outward_a injury_n before_o they_o come_v to_o hurt_v the_o inward_a part_n like_v as_o the_o membrane_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o inward_a touch_v or_o sensation_n moreover_o it_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v the_o common_a and_o native_a vestment_n or_o mantle_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n a_o muniment_n beside_o and_o a_o comely_a ornament_n compass_v and_o cover_v it_o on_o all_o side_n that_o the_o vessel_n may_v more_o secure_o run_v under_o it_o the_o muscle_n and_o entrail_n be_v contain_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n and_o defend_v from_o heat_n and_o cold_a and_o the_o natural_a heat_n detain_v from_o over_o free_a effluxion_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o fat._n the_o fat_a call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a pinguedo_fw-la in_o man_n be_v bed_v betwixt_o engender_v the_o fat_a where_o of_o engender_v the_o skin_n and_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n but_o in_o beast_n it_o be_v under_o the_o membrane_n also_o it_o be_v engender_v of_o the_o more_o oily_a thin_a and_o airy_a portion_n of_o pure_a and_o absolute_o labour_v and_o concoct_v blood_n distil_v like_o a_o dew_n out_o of_o the_o small_a and_o capillarie_o vein_n of_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o body_n which_o blood_n be_v curdle_v by_o a_o moderate_a heat_n for_o a_o burn_a heat_n will_v consume_v it_o and_o a_o weak_a heat_n will_v not_o concoct_v it_o and_o the_o density_n or_o fastnes_n of_o the_o membrane_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o beast_n grow_v fat_a in_o winter_n when_o their_o skin_n be_v more_o condense_v with_o the_o cold_a this_o membrane_n be_v nervous_a thin_a and_o very_o fast_o or_o sight_n and_o under_o the_o skin_n enclose_v all_o the_o body_n that_o all_o that_o oily_a matter_n rarify_v into_o vapour_n which_o slip_v by_o the_o inward_a membrane_n may_v light_v upon_o and_o cleave_v unto_o this_o and_o so_o be_v turn_v into_o fat_a that_o nothing_o profitable_a may_v be_v lose_v the_o manner_n of_o this_o work_n of_o nature_n we_o have_v in_o distillation_n where_o though_o the_o stil-head_n be_v very_o hot_a yet_o because_o of_o his_o sadness_n or_o density_n the_o vapour_n which_o be_v raise_v up_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v thicken_v into_o water_n the_o fat_a of_o a_o man_n be_v less_o white_a than_o of_o any_o other_o creature_n yet_o the_o white_a membrane_n by_o which_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v his_o matter_n pass_v do_v alter_v it_o somewhat_o so_o that_o it_o become_v often_o yellow_a than_o white_a there_o be_v some_o part_n there_o be_v also_o some_o age_n which_o want_v this_o fat_a for_o those_o part_n who_o fat_n what_o part_n &_o what_o age_n have_v lest_o fat_n bend_v and_o extension_n it_o may_v annoy_v be_v better_o without_o it_o as_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o eyebrow_n the_o yard_n the_o cod_n and_o the_o stone_n or_o testicle_n whereupon_o some_o have_v exclude_v it_o out_o of_o the_o number_n of_o the_o contain_v or_o invest_v part_n in_o those_o part_n where_o it_o be_v it_o differ_v in_o hardness_n and_o softness_n for_o in_o part_n that_o be_v to_o be_v move_v soft_a where_o it_o be_v hard_a &_o where_o soft_a more_o violent_o it_o be_v hard_a and_o weave_v with_o fibres_n and_o small_a vein_n as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o tallow_n of_o beast_n as_o in_o the_o palm_n of_o the_o hand_n the_o inside_n of_o the_o finger_n end_n where_o there_o be_v more_o need_n of_o it_o to_o moisten_v the_o manifold_a tendon_n and_o vessel_n that_o there_o be_v gather_v to_o fill_v up_o the_o empty_a space_n and_o make_v the_o skin_n more_o even_o and_o equal_a for_o better_a apprehension_n the_o sole_n of_o the_o foot_n especial_o in_o the_o heel_n that_o we_o may_v more_o steady_o rest_n upon_o it_o sometime_o it_o be_v alone_o sometime_o together_o with_o a_o crassie_a and_o slimy_a humour_n which_o stand_v in_o stead_n of_o tallow_n to_o fit_v the_o part_n better_a for_o motion_n and_o to_o hinder_v their_o exsiccation_n or_o dry_n in_o other_o part_n it_o be_v soft_a and_o yellowish_a so_o it_o be_v very_o spare_o affix_v to_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o hand_n and_o foot_n in_o the_o buttock_n because_o there_o be_v more_o use_n of_o it_o it_o be_v more_o copious_a or_o plentiful_a in_o cold_a and_o moist_a body_n as_o in_o man_n and_o hog_n it_o be_v abundant_a whence_o galen_n partium_fw-la lib_fw-la 14._o usu_fw-la partium_fw-la say_v that_o a_o woman_n be_v fat_a than_o a_o man_n as_o also_o in_o they_o that_o lead_v a_o idle_a and_o sedentarie_a life_n in_o hot_a and_o dry_a as_o ape_n and_o hound_n it_o be_v either_o none_o at_o all_o or_o of_o no_o quantity_n in_o new_a bear_v creature_n none_o at_o all_o in_o those_o that_o be_v consume_v with_o famine_n with_o disease_n or_o with_o age_n very_o little_a this_o fat_a which_o in_o horn_a beast_n be_v call_v seam_n in_o swine_n lard_n differ_v from_o the_o 11_o the_o difference_n of_o fat_n 3._o histo_n anim._n 17._o lib._n 3._o the_o facult_a aliment_n 11_o grease_n which_o in_o greek_a be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a adeps_fw-la as_o aristotle_n and_o galen_n teach_v because_o this_o fat_a be_v soft_a and_o moist_a and_o be_v easy_o melt_v and_o be_v melt_v do_v not_o easy_o clod_n together_o again_o but_o the_o adeps_fw-la or_o grease_n be_v hard_a and_o dry_a not_o so_o easy_o melt_v and_o sudden_o congeal_v again_o and_o therefore_o be_v more_o plentiful_a in_o those_o creature_n who_o nature_n be_v altogether_o earthy_a and_o dry_a and_o those_o that_o be_v more_o moist_a have_v abundance_n of_o the_o fat_a we_o call_v pinguedo_fw-la man_n have_v much_o of_o this_o fat_a under_o their_o skin_n because_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o be_v retain_v by_o the_o solidity_n and_o thickness_n of_o the_o same_o for_o so_o we_o see_v that_o those_o creature_n that_o have_v the_o fast_o skin_n be_v the_o fat_a as_o swine_n and_o dolphin_n now_o the_o adeps_fw-la or_o grease_n in_o man_n where_o adeps_fw-la be_v in_o man_n a_o man_n be_v in_o his_o kall_n kidney_n heart_n eye_n the_o jointe_n of_o the_o bone_n betwixt_o the_o broad_a tendon_n and_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o palm_n of_o the_o hand_n in_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o finger_n and_o the_o toe_n the_o use_v of_o this_o fat_a be_v first_o it_o be_v a_o defence_n to_o the_o part_n to_o which_o it_o be_v allow_v so_o in_o fat_a the_o use_n of_o the_o fat_a the_o buttock_n it_o serve_v we_o instead_o of_o a_o quishion_n in_o other_o part_n it_o avail_v much_o towards_o their_o natural_a position_n and_o free_a motion_n and_o therefore_o in_o those_o that_o be_v fat_a indeed_o it_o lyne_v the_o inside_n of_o the_o muscle_n as_o we_o see_v in_o fat_a beef_n for_o the_o vessel_n which_o run_v unto_o the_o skin_n it_o be_v a_o soft_a pillow_n so_o safe-guarding_a and_o moisten_a they_o that_o they_o be_v not_o dry_v and_o so_o distend_v or_o lie_v bare_a be_v break_v in_o piece_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v gather_v plentiful_o in_o those_o part_n where_o the_o large_a vessel_n divide_v themselves_o another_o use_n of_o it_o be_v to_o fill_v up_o the_o empty_a distance_n betwixt_o the_o muscle_n vessel_n and_o the_o skin_n that_o so_o the_o body_n may_v be_v plump_a equal_a soft_a white_a and_o beautiful_a moreover_o it_o serve_v for_o a_o light_n cover_v to_o warm_v the_o body_n and_o to_o cherish_v the_o natural_a heat_n prohibit_v the_o effluxion_n of_o it_o by_o his_o visciditie_n or_o sliminesse_n and_o by_o his_o thickness_n close_v the_o pore_n that_o neither_o in_o winter_n the_o cold_a shall_v too_o free_o enter_v nor_o in_o summer_n the_o heat_n too_o frank_o evaporate_v final_o say_v galen_n in_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o the_o 11._o chapter_n in_o great_a famine_n and_o want_n of_o sustenance_n it_o be_v convert_v into_o aliment_n and_o become_v the_o father_n whereon_o the_o natural_a heat_n relieve_v itself_o for_o be_v dissolve_v it_o acquire_v the_o form_n of_o a_o bloud-like_a vapour_n which_o return_v into_o the_o vein_n and_o so_o become_v for_o want_v of_o better_a a_o subsidiarie_n nourishment_n of_o the_o part_n the_o use_n of_o the_o grease_n
but_o three_o the_o three_o that_o apprehension_n be_v not_o from_o his_o flesh_n but_o from_o his_o membrane_n now_o membrane_n be_v also_o instrument_n of_o sense_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o sensible_a subject_n or_o object_n be_v place_v immediate_o upon_o the_o instrument_n of_o sense_n be_v not_o sensible_a that_o i_o say_v be_v utter_o false_a for_o four_o the_o four_o by_o that_o reason_n there_o shall_v be_v no_o organ_n of_o touch_v save_o only_a a_o bone_n a_o gristle_n or_o a_o vinculum_fw-la or_o tie_v that_o axiom_n of_o aristotle_n stand_v need_v to_o be_v interpret_v of_o the_o sense_n some_o be_v absolute_o axiom_n a_o interpretation_n of_o a_o axiom_n and_o simple_o necessary_a to_o our_o life_n as_o touch_v and_o taste_v some_o be_v add_v be_v esle_o that_o be_v for_o the_o better_a be_v of_o the_o creature_n but_o not_o simple_o necessary_a to_o his_o be_v as_o sight_n hear_v and_o smell_v the_o medium_fw-la or_o mean_a of_o these_o last_o be_v external_a and_o separate_v from_o the_o instrument_n the_o medium_n of_o the_o first_o be_v internal_a and_o so_o join_v with_o the_o instrument_n that_o it_o can_v be_v separate_v in_o the_o first_o this_o axiom_n be_v true_a for_o if_o any_o colour_n be_v lay_v upon_o our_o eye_n we_o see_v indeed_o but_o very_o depraved_o be_v not_o able_a without_o a_o outward_a mean_a to_o distinguish_v so_o likewise_o it_o be_v in_o hear_v and_o smell_v but_o in_o taste_v and_o touch_v because_o the_o medium_n be_v internal_a the_o object_n may_v be_v yea_o be_v best_o distinguish_v when_o it_o touch_v the_o instrument_n conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n we_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o the_o skin_n be_v the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o touch_v and_o the_o cuticle_n or_o skarfe-skin_n be_v his_o medium_n or_o mean_a whereas_o avicen_n say_v that_o the_o skin_n do_v not_o feel_v equal_a or_o temperate_a thing_n he_o mean_v that_o it_o be_v not_o violate_v or_o all_o affect_a by_o they_o when_o it_o feel_v they_o not_o that_o it_o feel_v avicen_n answer_v to_o avicen_n they_o not_o at_o all_o for_o that_o common_a experience_n will_v condemn_v last_o you_o will_v say_v that_o the_o skin_n feel_v by_o the_o help_n of_o nerve_n the_o nerve_n therefore_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o feel_v not_o the_o skin_n i_o answer_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o muscle_n be_v move_v by_o the_o nerve_n yet_o be_v not_o the_o nerve_n the_o immediate_a organ_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n but_o the_o muscle_n in_o like_a manner_n body_n another_o argument_n answer_v answer_v to_o galens_n authority_n i_o eculiar_a touch_n in_o man_n body_n the_o nerve_n give_v sense_n unto_o the_o skin_n because_o it_o bring_v down_o unto_o it_o the_o animal_n faculty_n and_o spirit_n yet_o nathe-more_a be_v it_o the_o immediate_a instrument_n of_o sense_n but_o galen_n say_v that_o the_o stomach_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o touch_v because_o his_o sense_n be_v most_o exquisite_a sure_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v wondrous_a sensible_a because_o of_o the_o notable_a nerve_n it_o receive_v from_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o hunger_n and_o thirst_n of_o which_o it_o only_o be_v apprehensive_a we_o acknowledge_v it_o the_o instrument_n or_o organ_n of_o a_o peculiar_a and_o particular_a touch_n as_o also_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n have_v their_o peculiar_a touch_n whereof_o they_o be_v instruement_n but_o only_o the_o skin_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o external_a touch_v and_o sole_a judge_n of_o all_o tactile_a quality_n of_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o skin_n qvest._n ii_o galen_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o skin_n be_v absolute_o temperate_a because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n between_o bloody_a and_o unbloudy_a whence_o it_o be_v call_v a_o nervous_a temperate_a that_o the_o skin_n be_v temperate_a flesh_n and_o a_o fleshy_a nerve_n so_o in_o anotherplace_n if_o the_o flesh_n be_v adstringed_a and_o dry_v it_o become_v like_o the_o skin_n for_o the_o skin_n be_v dry_a and_o thight_a than_o the_o flesh_n hypocrates_n also_o express_v so_o much_o where_o he_o say_v the_o outward_a skin_n which_o be_v continual_a with_o itself_o and_o with_o the_o bloody_a nerve_n because_o it_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n not_o hippocrater_fw-la that_o it_o be_v not_o sometime_o cold_o sometime_o warm_a be_v often_o affect_v by_o both_o and_o needs_o now_o and_o then_o the_o help_n of_o the_o one_o to_o temper_v the_o other_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o galen_n and_o avicen_n that_o it_o be_v not_o temperate_a galen_n say_v that_o the_o skin_n be_v nourish_v with_o phlegmatic_a blood_n it_o be_v therefore_o of_o the_o temper_n of_o phlegm_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o any_o part_n galen_n galen_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o whereof_o it_o be_v compound_v avicen_n say_v that_o the_o flesh_n come_v near_a to_o exact_v equality_n of_o temper_n then_o any_o other_o part_n the_o flesh_n therefore_o and_o not_o the_o skin_n be_v temperate_a moreover_o that_o can_v be_v temperate_a which_o be_v the_o weak_a of_o all_o part_n now_o the_o skin_n receive_v the_o superfluity_n of_o all_o the_o inward_a part_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o temperate_a answer_v to_o the_o argument_n which_o prove_v it_o not_o to_o be_v temperate_a universal_a emunctory_a but_o all_o these_o knot_n may_v easy_o be_v cleave_v with_o a_o soft_a wedge_n the_o skin_n be_v nourish_v with_o phlegmatic_a blood_n that_o be_v not_o full_a boil_a and_o labour_v when_o we_o know_v it_o be_v hot_a not_o cold_a avicen_n say_v not_o that_o flesh_n be_v most_o temperate_a but_o that_o it_o come_v near_a to_o that_o which_o be_v temperate_a so_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o man_n be_v say_v to_o be_v temperate_a although_o it_o be_v hot_a and_o moist_a the_o weakness_n of_o the_o skin_n proceed_v not_o from_o the_o temper_n for_o it_o be_v not_o weak_a of_o itself_o or_o of_o it_o own_o nature_n but_o by_o event_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o situation_n and_o the_o vessel_n for_o the_o great_a vessel_n because_o they_o be_v near_o to_o the_o fountain_n be_v the_o strong_a and_o the_o expelling_a emunctory_a why_o the_o skin_n be_v weak_a and_o become_v a_o emunctory_a virtue_n of_o the_o inner-part_n more_o powerful_a whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o inward_a part_n expel_v their_o superfluity_n into_o the_o outward_a and_o the_o great_a vessel_n into_o the_o small_a vessel_n of_o the_o habit_n so_o that_o the_o skin_n become_v weak_a because_o the_o expelling_a faculty_n be_v withinwarde_a and_o strong_a and_o lay_v all_o the_o burden_n upon_o the_o skin_n and_o somuch_o for_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o adversary_n aristotle_n whether_o by_o the_o skin_n the_o temper_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n may_v be_v know_v aristotle_n there_o be_v another_o scruple_n arise_v out_o of_o this_o doctrine_n of_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o skin_n and_o that_o be_v whether_o a_o physician_n by_o the_o skin_n may_v judge_v what_o be_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n aristotle_n gather_v from_o this_o instrument_n of_o touch_v the_o vigour_n of_o the_o mind_n itself_o because_o where_o the_o touch_n be_v fine_a there_o the_o sense_n be_v less_o pollute_v &_o the_o phantasm_n arise_v there_o from_o more_o subtle_a and_o so_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o soul_n high_o and_o more_o abstruse_a galen_n resolve_v the_o doubt_n where_o he_o say_v they_o be_v in_o a_o error_n who_o do_v determine_v always_o of_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n by_o the_o skin_n for_o though_o the_o skin_n be_v hard_a yet_o be_v not_o the_o question_n galens_n resolution_n of_o the_o question_n creature_n necessary_o dry_a neither_o if_o it_o be_v soft_a &_o without_o hair_n be_v the_o whole_a creature_n moist_a yet_o if_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v in_o equal_a temper_n than_o it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o all_o the_o part_n shall_v be_v proportionable_o correspondent_a to_o the_o 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fat_a grow_v to_o the_o heart_n which_o be_v the_o hot_a of_o all_o the_o part_n we_o answer_v that_o herein_o be_v a_o great_a document_n of_o the_o wonderful_a nature_n the_o wonderful_a providence_n of_o nature_n and_o provident_a wisdom_n of_o nature_n who_o have_v thus_o provide_v least_o in_o perpetual_a motion_n the_o hart_n shall_v gather_v so_o great_a a_o heat_n as_o shall_v waste_v &_o consume_v it_o for_o which_o cause_n also_o say_v hippo._n it_o lie_v in_o water_n much_o like_o urine_n that_o it_o may_v ever_o be_v fresh_a &_o as_o it_o be_v flourish_v chrysippus_n that_o notable_a stoic_a in_o his_o book_n of_o providence_n say_v that_o the_o final_a cause_n overcom_v both_o the_o efficient_a and_o matter_n in_o natural_a thing_n and_o aristotle_n against_o democritus_n nature_n the_o final_a cause_n be_v the_o first_o and_o chief_a in_o work_n of_o nature_n say_v that_o in_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n the_o end_n be_v the_o first_o and_o chief_a cause_n for_o it_o move_v the_o other_o cause_n itself_o be_v immovable_a i_o know_v that_o our_o adversary_n will_v object_v that_o nature_n indevour_v nothing_o against_o her_o own_o law_n she_o shall_v therefore_o have_v make_v the_o heart_n temperate_a but_o let_v i_o retort_v their_o own_o weapon_n against_o they_o nature_n shall_v have_v make_v the_o heart_n original_o temperate_a that_o there_o may_v have_v be_v no_o need_n of_o breathe_v cold_a air_n how_o absurd_a this_o opposition_n against_o the_o wisdom_n of_o nature_n be_v no_o man_n but_o see_v for_o the_o heart_n be_v necessary_o to_o be_v create_v very_o hot_a because_o in_o it_o be_v the_o hearth_n and_o fire_n whereby_o the_o natural_a heat_n of_o all_o the_o part_n be_v preserve_v and_o refresh_v if_o they_o think_v not_o the_o fat_a of_o the_o heart_n necessary_a let_v they_o remember_v that_o it_o grow_v not_o in_o the_o ventricle_n nor_o in_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o only_o upon_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o vessel_n which_o be_v part_n less_o hot_a than_o any_o of_o the_o other_o some_o there_o be_v which_o add_v further_a that_o this_o fat_a be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o heart_n because_o it_o keep_v always_o the_o same_o figure_n and_o circumscription_n and_o be_v not_o melt_v by_o fire_n but_o rather_o torrifi_v for_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o brain_n we_o say_v they_o have_v no_o fat_a because_o there_o be_v no_o use_n of_o it_o yea_o it_o will_v have_v hinder_v the_o breathe_n out_o of_o the_o smoky_a vapour_n by_o his_o clamminesse_n brain_n why_o there_o be_v no_o fat_a in_o or_o about_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o brain_n like_o a_o cup_a glass_n draw_v continual_o and_o suck_v up_o the_o expiration_n of_o the_o inferior_a part_n to_o which_o if_o the_o comb-like_a suture_n of_o the_o skull_n do_v not_o gape_v and_o give_v way_n the_o brain_n will_v be_v make_v as_o it_o be_v drink_v with_o their_o abundant_a moisture_n beside_o fat_a will_v have_v hinder_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o it_o move_v perpetual_o as_o the_o pulse_n do_v as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o due_a place_n wherefore_o in_o the_o brain_n there_o want_v the_o final_a cause_n of_o fat._n the_o material_a cause_n be_v also_o want_v because_o there_o be_v require_v a_o great_a abundance_n of_o blood_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o for_o the_o generation_n of_o animal_n spirit_n it_o behove_v not_o therefore_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v convert_v into_o fat_n old_a man_n and_o those_o that_o be_v melancholy_a be_v seldom_o fat_a because_o the_o material_a cause_n of_o it_o be_v want_v for_o they_o be_v too_o dry_a the_o fat_a of_o the_o lean_a why_o melancholy_a man_n be_v lean_a kidney_n compass_v not_o the_o flesh_n but_o their_o membrane_n only_o aristotle_n say_v that_o both_o kidney_n be_v fat_a but_o the_o right_n less_o than_o the_o left_a because_o it_o be_v the_o hot_a and_o whether_o the_o fat_a be_v a_o live_a part_n we_o shall_v dispute_v in_o our_o next_o exercise_n final_o whereas_o galen_n say_v that_o in_o cold_a and_o dry_a body_n the_o fat_a be_v lard_v through_o the_o flesh_n not_o through_o the_o coat_n or_o membrane_n we_o answer_v that_o by_o flesh_n in_o that_o place_n he_o understand_v the_o muscle_n which_o be_v cover_v expound_v galen_n expound_v with_o their_o proper_a coat_n to_o which_o coat_n the_o fat_a grow_v because_o they_o abound_v with_o blood_n and_o vein_n but_o in_o those_o coat_n that_o be_v most_o distant_a whereof_o he_o there_o speak_v because_o of_o their_o dryness_n there_o want_v matter_n of_o fat_a for_o you_o may_v remember_v we_o teach_v you_o before_o that_o fat_a be_v not_o engender_v but_o only_o where_o there_o be_v a_o overplus_n of_o blood_n which_o sweat_v through_o the_o spungy_a flesh_n after_o it_o be_v satisfy_v now_o in_o cold_a and_o dry_a body_n such_o as_o galen_n there_o speak_v off_o there_o be_v no_o such_o abundance_n of_o blood_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o overplus_n the_o effect_n of_o fat_a which_o they_o mention_v conclude_v nothing_o it_o be_v true_a that_o fat_a be_v a_o concoct_v medicine_n and_o that_o the_o fat_a of_o the_o kall_n relieve_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o stomach_n but_o not_o primary_o and_o of_o itself_o but_o by_o event_n because_o the_o thickness_n and_o visciditie_n or_o clammine_n of_o it_o hinder_v the_o evaporation_n of_o the_o heat_n which_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v double_v beside_o it_o stop_v up_o the_o pore_n that_o the_o pierce_a cold_n can_v reach_v unto_o it_o wherefore_o it_o heat_v the_o stomach_n as_o stomach_n how_o fat_a heat_v the_o stomach_n clothes_n heat_v the_o body_n not_o by_o add_v heat_n but_o by_o keep_v the_o natural_a heat_n in_o and_o external_a cold_a out_o that_o it_o easy_o flame_v proceed_v from_o his_o oily_a and_o airy_a matter_n so_o camphire_n flame_n why_o fat_a flame_n burn_v in_o the_o fire_n which_o yet_o all_o man_n take_v to_o be_v cold_a moreover_o the_o effect_n do_v not_o prove_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o fat_a to_o be_v hot_a for_o oil_n which_o become_v thick_a and_o congeal_a in_o winter_n present_o take_v flame_n and_o yet_o no_o man_n will_v deny_v but_o that_o it_o be_v congeal_v by_o the_o external_a cold_a of_o the_o air_n we_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o fat_a be_v curdle_v by_o cold_a that_o be_v by_o a_o low_a or_o more_o remiss_a degree_n of_o heat_n &_o that_o it_o grow_v conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n or_o adhear_v only_o to_o membrane_n because_o their_o heat_n be_v weak_a as_o have_v no_o continuity_n with_o the_o heart_n and_o therefore_o deprive_v of_o that_o plentiful_a influence_n of_o heat_n therefrom_o which_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n do_v enjoy_v which_o have_v a_o more_o notable_a continuity_n
repeat_v again_o in_o the_o 13._o of_o his_o method_n and_o to_o he_o we_o rather_o listen_v in_o this_o case_n then_o to_o rhasis_n for_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o the_o gut_n be_v seven_o time_n as_o long_o as_o the_o body_n of_o the_o man_n who_o gut_n they_o be_v and_o hypocrates_n measure_v they_o to_o be_v thirteen_o cubit_n and_o gut_n the_o great_a length_n of_o the_o gut_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o all_o for_o the_o manifold_a giration_n or_o convolution_n whereinto_o they_o be_v circle_v do_v break_v the_o force_n of_o any_o injected_a liquor_n i_o think_v therefore_o that_o such_o liquor_n do_v not_o reach_v above_o the_o blind_a gut_n for_o proof_n hereof_o say_v laurentius_n i_o will_v tell_v you_o that_o which_o haply_o few_o hitherto_o have_v observe_v let_v the_o gut_n be_v dry_v and_o blow_v up_o a_o little_a and_o pour_v some_o water_n into_o the_o gut_n call_v duodenum_fw-la gut_n laurentius_n his_o instance_n that_o clyster_n can_v pass_v up_o to_o the_o stomach_n the_o value_v of_o the_o gut_n and_o it_o will_v present_o issue_v out_o at_o the_o right_a gut_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o it_o be_v pour_v into_o the_o right_a gut_n it_o will_v stay_v in_o the_o appendix_n of_o the_o blind_a gut_n because_o it_o can_v can_v get_v no_o far_o which_o prove_v that_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o blind_a gut_n there_o be_v a_o value_n which_o nature_n in_o great_a wisdom_n have_v set_v to_o hinder_v the_o refluence_n or_o return_n of_o the_o excrement_n and_o unprofitable_a humour_n such_o a_o one_o as_o appear_v in_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o choler_n into_o the_o gut_n &_o in_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o galen_n in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o symptom_n say_v objection_n objection_n that_o some_o have_v have_v clyster_n so_o give_v they_o as_o they_o have_v be_v cast_v up_o by_o the_o mouth_n even_o as_o the_o feces_n or_o excrement_n in_o that_o miserable_a disease_n call_v ileos_n or_o voluâ—lus_n we_o answer_v that_o expound_v answer_v and_o galen_n expound_v galen_n here_o do_v not_o contradict_v himself_o for_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o stomach_n when_o it_o be_v well_o affect_v and_o another_o when_o it_o be_v ill_o affect_v for_o if_o the_o stomach_n be_v well_o affect_v the_o liquor_n can_v never_o arise_v unto_o it_o but_o if_o it_o be_v ill_o affect_v or_o affamished_a as_o in_o the_o disease_n call_v boulimos_n it_o draw_v from_o below_o not_o only_o such_o humour_n as_o be_v inject_v by_o the_o fundament_n but_o also_o the_o excrement_n themselves_o for_o as_o the_o pine_a or_o greedy_a liver_n draw_v from_o the_o vein_n crude_a and_o unconcoct_v ivyce_n so_o be_v it_o with_o the_o stomach_n yea_o with_o the_o mouth_n hunger_n the_o force_n of_o hunger_n for_o we_o see_v what_o riff_o raff_o and_o what_o odious_a viand_n hunger_n make_v toothsome_a to_o such_o as_o be_v pinch_v therewith_o again_o if_o the_o natural_a motion_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v deprave_a the_o circular_a fibre_n gather_v liver_n another_o cause_n that_o draw_v liquor_n to_o the_o stomach_n how_o nourish_a clyster_n come_v to_o the_o liver_n themselves_o from_o below_o upwarde_o may_v make_v a_o clyster_n or_o other_o liquor_n ascend_v unto_o the_o stomach_n if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o nourish_a clyster_n be_v carry_v unto_o the_o liver_n i_o answer_v that_o they_o arise_v not_o thither_o either_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n or_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o liquor_n inject_v but_o they_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o mesenterie_n and_o thence_o transport_v into_o the_o liver_n qvest._n vi_o of_o the_o evil_a savour_n of_o the_o excrement_n many_o man_n that_o be_v but_o slight_o see_v into_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n do_v wonder_n excrement_n of_o the_o savour_n of_o excrement_n much_o why_o in_o a_o sound_a body_n and_o in_o a_o temperate_a man_n the_o excrement_n of_o the_o belly_n become_v so_o unsavourie_a and_o abominable_o scent_v because_o all_o stench_n be_v the_o consequence_n of_o corruption_n and_o corruption_n or_o putrefaction_n have_v for_o her_o efficient_a cause_n outward_a and_o acquire_v not_o inbred_a heat_n for_o who_o better_a satisfaction_n we_o say_v that_o physician_n acknowledge_v a_o double_a cause_n of_o this_o heat_n a_o double_a cause_n of_o it_o the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v heat_n foetor_fw-la or_o stench_n a_o efficient_a and_o a_o material_a concern_v the_o efficient_a they_o say_v that_o our_o heat_n though_o it_o be_v one_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o subject_n yet_o in_o different_a consideration_n it_o be_v diverse_a and_o may_v be_v two_o way_n consider_v either_o simple_o as_o it_o be_v heat_n or_o else_o as_o it_o be_v inbred_a heat_n and_o the_o instrument_n of_o all_o the_o function_n of_o the_o soul_n as_o it_o be_v heat_n it_o continual_o feed_v upon_o and_o consume_v the_o moisture_n as_o it_o be_v inbred_a it_o boil_v or_o concoct_v assimulate_v and_o engender_v so_o from_o the_o same_o heat_n do_v flow_v diverse_a yea_o contrary_a motion_n while_o the_o chylus_n be_v make_v in_o the_o stomach_n the_o natural_a or_o inbred_a heat_n insinuate_v itself_o equal_o and_o a_o like_a into_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o matter_n gather_v together_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v correspondent_a to_o our_o nature_n and_o separate_v the_o rest_n the_o first_o be_v draw_v away_o into_o the_o liver_n by_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o mesentery_n but_o the_o other_o which_o can_v be_v assimulate_v be_v thrust_v down_o into_o the_o great_a gut_n and_o there_o as_o unprofitable_a be_v forsake_v by_o the_o natural_a heat_n wherefore_o the_o heat_n work_v upon_o it_o no_o more_o as_o it_o be_v inbred_a or_o direct_a from_o the_o soul_n but_o simple_o as_o it_o be_v heat_n take_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o outward_a heat_n and_o thence_o come_v the_o stench_n add_v hereto_o the_o fitness_n of_o the_o matter_n for_o these_o superfluity_n be_v crude_a and_o very_a moist_a whence_o come_v putrefaction_n but_o if_o the_o humour_n be_v draw_v away_o the_o putrefaction_n be_v less_o and_o the_o savour_v not_o so_o noisome_a and_o this_o be_v the_o only_a reason_n why_o the_o excrement_n of_o a_o man_n most_o temperate_a have_v a_o worse_a problem_n why_o the_o excrement_n of_o man_n be_v more_o stink_a than_o those_o of_o other_o creature_n arist_n problem_n sect_n 13._o a_o problem_n savour_n than_o those_o of_o other_o creature_n because_o a_o man_n use_v very_o moist_a nourishment_n and_o very_o diverse_a that_o be_v of_o several_a kind_n and_o lead_v a_o life_n more_o sluggish_a and_o sedentarie_a other_o creature_n feed_v upon_o dry_a father_n and_o so_o their_o excrement_n become_v dry_a and_o this_o cause_n aristotle_n assign_v in_o his_o problem_n where_o ask_v the_o question_n why_o the_o excrement_n of_o the_o belly_n the_o long_o they_o be_v retain_v be_v less_o unsavourie_a and_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o urine_n the_o long_o it_o be_v keep_v smell_v the_o strong_a he_o resolve_v it_o thus_o because_o say_v he_o in_o the_o long_a stay_n the_o excrement_n be_v dry_v and_o so_o the_o nourishment_n of_o putrefaction_n be_v subtract_v or_o draw_v away_o which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o the_o urine_n now_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o form_n and_o figuration_n of_o the_o excrement_n be_v because_o of_o the_o chamber_n and_o cell_n of_o the_o colic_n gut_n wherein_o it_o swell_v into_o round_a &_o break_a piece_n qvest._n vii_o of_o the_o substance_n and_o the_o scite_fw-la of_o the_o gut_n before_o we_o pass_v from_o the_o gut_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o reconcile_v galen_n galen_n some_o different_a place_n of_o galen_n concern_v their_o substance_n in_o his_o book_n of_o method_n he_o say_v that_o if_o the_o gut_n be_v wound_v or_o ulcerate_v be_v what_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v they_o do_v very_o hardly_o join_v together_o again_o especial_o the_o small_a because_o their_o substance_n be_v nervous_a and_o membranous_a but_o in_o the_o 14._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n he_o write_v that_o the_o gut_n and_o the_o stomach_n because_o they_o be_v instrument_n of_o concoction_n have_v a_o fleshy_a composition_n and_o the_o same_o hypocrates_n insinuate_v in_o his_o aphorism_n where_o 4_o hypocrates_n aphor._n 26_o sect_n 4_o he_o say_v that_o if_o upon_o a_o dysenterie_n or_o bloody_a flix_a little_a caruncle_n or_o rag_n of_o flesh_n do_v pass_v away_o by_o siege_n it_o be_v a_o mortal_a sign_n the_o truth_n be_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v nervous_a or_o reconcile_v certain_a place_n of_o galen_n &_o hypocrates_n reconcile_v sinnowy_a but_o yet_o throughout_o also_o replenish_v with_o fleshy_a fibres_n so_o as_o it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v both_o membranous_a and_o also_o
another_o the_o thin_a more_o noble_a and_o better_o furnish_v with_o spirit_n it_o hide_v within_o the_o thick_a cold_a and_o clammier_n which_o most_o part_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o mother_n seed_n it_o compass_v about_o the_o former_a at_o these_o cold_a and_o viscidpart_v of_o the_o seed_n it_o begin_v the_o conformation_n for_o of_o they_o it_o make_v membrane_n and_o streatch_v membrane_n first_o the_o membrane_n they_o out_o in_o breadth_n according_a to_o nature_n use_n and_o intent_n show_v therein_o her_o admirable_a providence_n for_o with_o these_o as_o it_o be_v with_o defence_n the_o more_o noble_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v wall_v about_o and_o secure_v the_o inward_a spirit_n conclude_v or_o imprison_v which_o otherwise_o because_o of_o their_o tenuity_n will_v easy_o vanish_v add_v far_o that_o if_o the_o membrane_n have_v not_o first_o be_v make_v the_o tender_a embryo_n and_o the_o principal_a part_n thereof_o will_v have_v suffer_v offence_n from_o the_o hardness_n of_o the_o womb_n for_o even_o as_o god_n in_o the_o great_a world_n have_v separate_v the_o fire_n from_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o water_n and_o air_n so_o in_o the_o microcosm_n or_o little_a world_n the_o nature_n of_o manimitate_v the_o grand_a architect_n have_v separate_v the_o infant_n from_o the_o womb_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o these_o membrane_n but_o the_o nature_n of_o these_o membrane_n be_v not_o all_o one_o in_o beast_n and_o in_o man_n for_o in_o beast_n especial_o such_o as_o have_v horn_n we_o have_v observe_v three_o membrane_n 3._o in_o beast_n 3._o call_v chorion_n amnion_n &_o allantoidem_fw-la that_o we_o call_v chorion_n cleave_v whole_o to_o the_o womb_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o umbilicall_a vein_n and_o artery_n and_o in_o this_o membrane_n be_v to_o be_v see_v those_o cotyledones_fw-la weave_v of_o a_o fleshy_a and_o spungy_a substance_n the_o second_o membrane_n call_v amnios_n be_v thin_a than_o the_o former_a this_o compass_v round_o about_o the_o creature_n and_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o receptacle_n of_o the_o sweat_n the_o three_o be_v call_v allantoide_v because_o it_o be_v much_o like_o that_o we_o call_v a_o haggis_n pudding_n for_o it_o do_v not_o encompass_v all_o the_o creature_n but_o only_o from_o the_o breast-blade_n to_o the_o hip_n and_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o a_o girdle_n or_o broad_a swath_n and_o be_v say_v to_o contain_v the_o urine_n of_o the_o creature_n while_o it_o be_v in_o the_o womb_n in_o a_o man_n there_o be_v only_o two_o membrane_n to_o be_v find_v the_o first_o and_o the_o second_o call_v chorion_n and_o amnios_n chorion_n in_o man_n two_o chorion_n the_o chorion_n be_v nervous_a and_o strong_a &_o encompass_v the_o infant_n round_o whence_o haply_o it_o have_v his_o name_n either_o because_o it_o compass_v it_o as_o a_o circle_n or_o crown_n or_o because_o it_o be_v foetus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o conceptacle_n of_o the_o infant_n or_o because_o it_o suppli_v nourishment_n unto_o it_o for_o somuch_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d found_v this_o membrane_n like_o a_o soft_a bolster_n or_o pillow_n susteyn_v and_o support_v all_o the_o vein_n and_o the_o umbilicall_a artery_n for_o it_o be_v not_o safe_a that_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o infant_n issue_v out_o of_o his_o navel_n shall_v go_v so_o long_a a_o journey_n naked_a without_o defence_n in_o they_o be_v not_o as_o in_o brâ—â—â—_n find_v why_o in_o woman_n the_o cotyledones_fw-la be_v not_o find_v beast_n those_o cotyledones_fw-la or_o knubbe_v like_o the_o teat_n of_o the_o breast_n but_o only_o a_o fleshy_a mass_n make_v of_o infinite_a branch_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n wonderful_o implicate_v or_o weave_v together_o and_o fill_v up_o with_o blood_n which_o suppli_v the_o place_n of_o these_o cotyledones_fw-la the_o late_a writer_n call_v it_o the_o cake_n or_o liver_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o some_o orbicularem_fw-la affusionem_fw-la the_o round_a affusion_n who_o use_n be_v as_o another_o liver_n to_o prepare_v and_o boil_v the_o blood_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o infant_n we_o do_v rather_o call_v this_o round_a and_o red_a body_n like_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o moon_n when_o it_o be_v at_o the_o full_a which_o cleave_v only_o to_o one_o part_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o do_v not_o whole_o encompass_v the_o infant_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o sweetebread_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o do_v assign_v unto_o it_o that_o use_v that_o the_o sweetebread_n have_v in_o the_o low_a belly_n to_o wit_n safe_o to_o support_v and_o as_o a_o pillow_n cake_n the_o use_n of_o the_o cake_n to_o bear_v up_o the_o umbilicall_a vessel_n diverse_o sprinkle_v through_o the_o chorion_n but_o it_o may_v be_v demand_v why_o a_o infant_n have_v not_o those_o acetabula_fw-la or_o cotyledones_fw-la to_o tie_v the_o chorion_n firm_o to_o the_o womb_n as_o it_o be_v in_o beast_n happy_o because_o a_o woman_n do_v not_o bring_v forth_o so_o many_o young_a as_o beast_n do_v or_o because_o the_o womb_n of_o a_o beast_n swell_v more_o outward_a and_o therefore_o can_v not_o bear_v their_o burden_n unless_o it_o have_v be_v fasten_v with_o strong_a tie_n the_o other_o coat_n which_o immediate_o encompass_v the_o infant_n from_o the_o softness_n and_o thinness_n thereof_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o lambs-skinne_n other_o call_v it_o the_o shirt_n and_o the_o arabian_n â—bigas_n amneios_fw-la amneios_fw-la it_o be_v loose_a on_o every_o side_n unless_o it_o be_v at_o the_o place_n of_o the_o cake_n where_o it_o grow_v so_o fast_o to_o the_o chorion_n that_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v separate_v and_o this_o coat_n receive_v the_o sweat_n and_o theyrine_n from_o whence_o the_o infant_n have_v no_o small_a help_n for_o it_o swim_v as_o it_o be_v in_o these_o water_n or_o be_v couch_v in_o they_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o bath_n beside_o it_o make_v the_o birth_n more_o facile_a and_o easy_a use_n his_o use_n because_o it_o moystn_v the_o orifice_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o make_v it_o more_o slippery_a these_o coat_n grow_v one_o to_o another_o seem_v to_o make_v but_o one_o cover_v which_o the_o greel_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o latin_n secunda_fw-la or_o secundina_fw-la either_o because_o it_o issue_v last_o out_o of_o the_o afterbirth_n the_o afterbirth_n womb_n in_o the_o birth_n or_o because_o it_o be_v a_o second_o habitation_n for_o the_o infant_n the_o womb_n be_v the_o first_o we_o call_v it_o common_o the_o afterbirth_n the_o inner_a or_o more_o noble_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v secure_v by_o these_o membrane_n or_o coat_n more_o bloud_o undertake_v the_o form_n of_o the_o part_n at_o that_o time_n therefore_o the_o spirit_n wake_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o because_o there_o be_v two_o faculty_n assistant_n to_o the_o procreating_a faculty_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o change_a and_o the_o form_n therefore_o first_o of_o all_o the_o seed_n be_v alter_v or_o change_v and_o dispose_v then_o almost_o in_o the_o same_o instant_n the_o first_o thread_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v together_o and_o at_o once_o skor_v or_o shadow_v out_o with_o rude_a line_n then_o be_v to_o be_v see_v three_o bubble_n or_o clear_a drop_n such_o as_o the_o rain_n raise_v when_o it_o fall_v into_o a_o river_n which_o be_v the_o rudiment_n of_o the_o three_o principal_a part_n &_o beside_o a_o thousand_o hypocrates_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o part_n be_v lay_v at_o once_o 3._o bladder_n hypocrates_n string_n which_o be_v the_o warp_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n so_o that_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a that_o those_o oracle_n of_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la be_v most_o true_a where_o he_o say_v that_o all_o the_o part_n be_v inchoated_a or_o begin_v together_o but_o do_v not_o appear_v neither_o be_v perfect_v at_o once_o but_o by_o degree_n but_o at_o what_o time_n whether_o the_o five_o or_o the_o seven_o day_n all_o these_o begin_v to_o be_v figure_v he_o only_o the_o creator_n who_o deliniated_a the_o 7._o day_n the_o part_n be_v deliniated_a make_v the_o infant_n know_v and_o none_o else_o yet_o if_o we_o will_v rely_v upon_o hypocrates_n authority_n or_o upon_o our_o own_o experience_n which_o be_v very_o tickle_a we_o may_v say_v that_o the_o seven_o day_n the_o seed_n have_v what_o soever_o the_o body_n ought_v to_o have_v that_o be_v as_o i_o interpret_v it_o the_o seven_o day_n do_v appear_v the_o rudiment_n of_o all_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n which_o also_o your_o eye_n may_v discern_v if_o you_o cast_v the_o mass_n into_o fair_a water_n and_o then_o diligent_o view_v it_o
&_o to_o feel_v to_o but_o a_o woman_n be_v rare_a and_o lax_n and_o moist_a both_o to_o see_v to_o and_o to_o feel_v to_o now_o laxity_n argue_v a_o defect_n of_o heat_n which_o be_v not_o able_a to_o boil_v and_o dissolve_v the_o superfluous_a moisture_n on_o the_o contrary_a solidity_n and_o fastness_n of_o the_o flesh_n arise_v from_o the_o perfect_a assimulation_n of_o well_o boil_a and_o resolve_v aliment_n wherefore_o see_v the_o flesh_n of_o man_n be_v fast_o than_o that_o of_o the_o woman_n it_o follow_v necessary_o that_o they_o be_v also_o hot_a and_o whereas_o hypocrates_n say_v that_o woman_n draw_v more_o aliment_n than_o man_n he_o also_o abuse_v the_o word_n traction_n for_o that_o which_o be_v to_o receive_v and_o contain_v for_o the_o body_n of_o a_o woman_n be_v loose_a and_o as_o it_o be_v spongye_a receyve_v and_o contain_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o blood_n and_o that_o this_o be_v hypocrates_n meaning_n i_o gather_v from_o the_o context_n of_o the_o place_n cite_v for_o he_o illustrate_v his_o opinion_n by_o a_o elegant_a similitude_n if_o say_v be_v you_o lay_v out_o all_o similitude_n a_o excellent_a similitude_n night_n upon_o the_o ground_n the_o like_a weight_n of_o wool_n and_o of_o a_o well_o weave_v cloth_n you_o shall_v find_v in_o the_o morning_n the_o wool_n to_o weigh_v heavy_a than_o the_o cloth_n because_o it_o have_v suck_v up_o more_o moisture_n so_o it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o the_o lax_n and_o loose_a flesh_n of_o woman_n do_v receive_v &_o retain_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o blood_n than_o the_o fast_a flesh_n of_o a_o man_n and_o whereas_o in_o the_o same_o place_n he_o say_v that_o the_o blood_n of_o a_o woman_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o blood_n of_o a_o man_n and_o therefore_o a_o woman_n be_v of_o a_o hot_a temper_n than_o a_o man_n that_o we_o think_v be_v vega._n a_o place_n of_o hypocrates_n corrupt_v duretus_n vega._n creep_v into_o hypocrates_n text_n be_v add_v by_o some_o novice_n scribe_n and_o thus_o that_o great_a learned_a man_n ludovicus_n duretus_n understand_v hypocrates_n and_o conceyve_v of_o this_o corrupt_a place_n as_o also_o christopherus_n a_o veiga_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o hypocrates_n prognostiques_n wherefore_o we_o can_v admit_v of_o cordaeus_fw-la his_o interpretation_n who_o think_v that_o the_o blood_n reject_v cordaeus_fw-la interpretation_n of_o the_o corrupt_a place_n reject_v suppress_v because_o transpiration_n be_v hinder_v attain_v a_o outward_a and_o aguish_a heat_n and_o so_o become_v hot_a than_o the_o blood_n of_o man_n for_o than_o we_o must_v needs_o accuse_v hypocrates_n of_o folly_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o blasphemy_n because_o he_o compare_v a_o sick_a woman_n with_o a_o sound_n and_o hail_n man_n but_o if_o you_o compare_v the_o blood_n of_o both_o sex_n disease_v the_o heat_n of_o a_o man_n will_v certain_o be_v more_o intense_a than_o that_o of_o a_o woman_n because_o it_o be_v join_v with_o siccity_n now_o siccity_n say_v auerrhoes_n be_v the_o file_n of_o heat_n and_o thus_o we_o suppose_v that_o we_o have_v satisfy_v the_o auerrhoe_n auerrhoe_n authority_n out_o of_o hypocrates_n now_o let_v we_o weigh_v the_o argument_n with_o as_o much_o diligence_n as_o we_o may_v woman_n pulse_n be_v more_o frequent_a and_o swift_a therefore_o they_o be_v hot_a for_o the_o swiftness_n argument_n answer_v to_o the_o former_a argument_n or_o frequency_n of_o the_o pulse_n come_v from_o heat_n we_o answer_v that_o their_o pulse_n be_v more_o quick_a and_o frequent_a not_o because_o of_o the_o abundance_n of_o heat_n but_o because_o of_o the_o straightness_n of_o their_o organ_n for_o the_o artery_n be_v small_a and_o narrow_a and_o oppress_v with_o abundance_n of_o crude_a and_o cold_a humour_n can_v not_o be_v so_o extend_v and_o dilate_v as_o in_o man_n wherefore_o the_o necessity_n of_o life_n make_v recompense_n in_o the_o quickness_n and_o frequency_n pulse_n why_o woman_n have_v quick_a pulse_n of_o he_o pulse_n nature_n provide_v for_o herself_o one_o way_n when_o she_o can_v another_o but_o the_o pulse_n of_o man_n be_v strong_a &_o great_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o faculty_n because_o a_o great_a artery_n may_v be_v extend_v into_o all_o dimension_n that_o which_o be_v object_v concern_v the_o two_o faculty_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o irascible_a and_o the_o courage_n we_o thus_o dissolve_v in_o hypocrates_n and_o galen_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v iracundia_fw-la and_o ira_fw-la anger_n and_o wrath_n be_v two_o distinct_a thing_n anger_n be_v a_o disease_n of_o a_o weak_a mind_n which_o can_v moderate_v itself_o but_o be_v easy_o inflame_v such_o be_v woman_n childeren_n and_o weak_a and_o cowardly_a man_n and_o this_o we_o term_v fretfulnesse_n or_o pettishnes_n but_o wrath_n which_o be_v ira_fw-la permanens_fw-la belong_v to_o stout_a heart_n and_o therefore_o homer_n call_v achilles_n anger_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d homer_n homer_n iliad_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n o_o goddess_n sing_v the_o fix_a rage_n of_o peleus_n wrathful_a son_n and_o galen_n in_o his_o second_o commentary_n upon_o the_o first_o book_n epidemiωn_n oppose_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d galen_n galen_n iracundos_fw-la angry_a man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o wrathful_a man_n because_o these_o latter_a be_v of_o a_o manly_a courage_n and_o contemner_n of_o base_a thing_n the_o former_a be_v faint_a heart_a or_o white_a livered_a as_o we_o use_v to_o term_v they_o and_o the_o temper_n of_o these_o two_o sort_n be_v very_o different_a for_o those_o that_o be_v angry_a pettish_a fretful_a or_o wantle_n choose_v you_o which_o you_o will_v call_v they_o be_v cold_a but_o those_o that_o be_v wrathful_a be_v hot_a if_o therefore_o woman_n be_v nockthrow_v or_o easy_o move_v of_o the_o hinge_n that_o they_o have_v from_o their_o cold_a temper_n and_o from_o the_o impotency_n and_o weakness_n of_o their_o mind_n because_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o lay_v a_o law_n upon_o themselves_o and_o whereas_o galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr arte_fw-la parua_fw-la make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o hot_a hart_n hippolito_n galen_n interpret_v by_o hippolito_n he_o abuse_v the_o word_n for_o hypocrates_n in_o the_o four_o section_n of_o the_o sixth_o book_n epidem_fw-la make_v it_o a_o sign_n of_o a_o cold_a habit_n in_o express_a word_n where_o he_o say_v those_o that_o have_v hot_a belly_n have_v but_o cold_a flesh_n such_o be_v thin_a and_o veynie_a and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v angry_a or_o fretful_a woman_n therefore_o be_v pevish_a creature_n mostwhat_a but_o nothing_o stout_a or_o strong_a heart_a though_o their_o stomach_n be_v good_a hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la virginum_fw-la have_v this_o say_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o nature_n of_o a_o woman_n be_v to_o be_v of_o a_o abject_a mind_n and_o whereas_o they_o contend_v that_o among_o ravenous_a creature_n the_o female_n be_v most_o fierce_a why_o female_n be_v fierce_a fierce_a we_o say_v that_o the_o love_n they_o bear_v to_o their_o young_a add_v spirit_n and_o courage_n unto_o they_o and_o therefore_o that_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v account_v woodness_n then_o fortitude_n there_o be_v some_o creature_n which_o because_o of_o their_o giddy_a madness_n make_v a_o show_n of_o generosity_n as_o the_o female_a elephant_n some_o also_o there_o be_v in_o who_o the_o fear_n of_o a_o worse_a condition_n beget_v boldness_n such_o be_v panther_n in_o a_o dog_n partly_o his_o trustiness_n to_o his_o maister-part_o his_o envy_n make_v he_o fierce_a we_o say_v therefore_o that_o female_n be_v more_o churlish_a and_o fierce_a but_o not_o stout_a or_o strong_a heart_a that_o which_o be_v object_v concern_v the_o strength_n of_o their_o natural_a faculty_n be_v of_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o most_o frivoulous_a and_o vein_n they_o say_v that_o woman_n grow_v fast_o and_o do_v soon_o generate_v and_o therefore_o they_o be_v hot_a but_o we_o say_v that_o these_o be_v demonstrative_a sign_n of_o a_o cold_a temperament_n for_o therefore_o man_n why_o woman_n grow_v fast_o &_o be_v ripe_a soon_o than_o man_n they_o grow_v fast_o and_o engender_v soon_o because_o their_o end_n be_v near_o for_o that_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o life_n be_v weak_a for_o as_o a_o short_a disease_n which_o we_o call_v acute_a do_v sudden_o run_v through_o his_o four_o time_n the_o beginning_n the_o increase_n the_o height_n and_o the_o declination_n so_o that_o one_o time_n overtake_v another_o so_o woman_n be_v of_o a_o short_a life_n than_o man_n because_o they_o be_v cold_a they_o soon_o grow_v woman_n and_o so_o also_o soon_o grow_v old_a than_o man_n and_o hereto_o subscribe_v aristotle_n in_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n of_o his_o 4._o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n
whilst_o it_o remain_v in_o we_o there_o be_v nothing_o make_v of_o it_o neither_o have_v the_o body_n any_o use_n especial_o of_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o add_v hereto_o that_o if_o it_o be_v a_o part_n so_o often_o as_o it_o be_v lose_v the_o creature_n shall_v become_v maim_v it_o be_v not_o a_o aliment_n for_o then_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v avoid_v much_o less_o be_v it_o a_o colliquation_n colliquation_n no_o aliment_n no_o colliquation_n for_o a_o colliquation_n be_v a_o thing_n beside_o nature_n seed_n be_v true_o natural_a yea_o the_o quintessence_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n those_o thing_n that_o be_v fat_a be_v most_o subject_a to_o colliquation_n or_o melt_a but_o we_o know_v that_o fat_a man_n have_v least_o quantity_n of_o seed_n moreover_o colliquation_n may_v be_v make_v of_o any_o moisture_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o body_n but_o the_o seed_n have_v his_o own_o determinate_a &_o limit_a seat_n wherein_o it_o be_v contain_v colliquation_n be_v always_o hurtful_a but_o the_o avoid_n of_o seed_n be_v sometime_o very_o profitable_a excrement_n but_o a_o excrement_n it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o seed_n must_v needs_o be_v a_o excrement_n but_o what_o manner_n of_o excrement_n be_v it_o in_o all_o creature_n that_o bring_v forth_o their_o young_a alive_a there_o be_v a_o double_a excrement_n the_o one_o natural_a and_o profitable_a the_o other_o unprofitable_a the_o first_o be_v profitable_a either_o to_o nourish_v some_o part_n or_o to_o procreate_v conceive_v and_o breed_v up_o the_o young_a as_o galen_n teach_v in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o 39_o aphorism_n of_o the_o five_o section_n the_o other_o can_v be_v assimulate_v double_a excrement_n double_a because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o dissimilar_v substance_n the_o first_o be_v call_v a_o excrement_n only_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o abound_a quantity_n thereof_o the_o second_o be_v noxious_a and_o hurtful_a even_o in_o quality_n also_o the_o chylus_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o stomach_n be_v acceptable_a even_o to_o the_o stomach_n which_o be_v pain_v about_o the_o concoct_n thereof_o but_o at_o length_n it_o be_v thrust_v down_o into_o the_o gut_n as_o a_o excrement_n what_o be_v a_o profitable_a excrement_n overplus_a or_o superfluity_n so_o that_o which_o be_v a_o excrement_n to_o the_o stomach_n become_v to_o the_o liver_n a_fw-fr aliment_n the_o liver_n be_v satisfy_v and_o glut_v with_o blood_n drive_v that_o which_o remain_v as_o a_o surplusage_n into_o the_o great_a vein_n so_o the_o excrement_n that_o be_v the_o superfluity_n of_o the_o liver_n become_v a_o convenable_a aliment_n for_o the_o particular_a part_n the_o part_n both_o fleshy_a and_o solid_a when_o they_o be_v satisfy_v with_o blood_n do_v leave_n that_o which_o remain_v in_o the_o vein_n these_o resique_n be_v by_o little_a and_o little_o draw_v by_o the_o testicle_n and_o abundance_n how_o every_o part_n minister_v to_o another_o out_o of_o his_o own_o abundance_n at_o length_n be_v convert_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o seed_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n the_o seed_n be_v call_v a_o excrement_n of_o the_o last_o concoction_n because_o it_o be_v generate_v out_o of_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o last_o aliment_n that_o remainder_n be_v blood_n not_o change_v or_o whiten_v by_o the_o solid_a part_n for_o the_o seed_n have_v his_o whiteness_n only_o from_o the_o spermaticall_a vessel_n and_o the_o testicle_n but_o red_a and_o pure_a blood_n derive_v from_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n into_o the_o spermaticall_a vein_n white_a how_o seed_n be_v come_v white_a a_o argument_n hereof_o be_v because_o child_n and_o decrepit_a old_a man_n do_v not_o yield_v seed_n for_o that_o in_o these_o there_o be_v no_o overplus_n leave_v and_o such_o wanton_n as_o do_v too_o immoderate_o satisfy_v their_o inordinate_a concupiscence_n do_v often_o yield_v bloody_a seed_n because_o it_o be_v not_o alter_v hy_z the_o spermaticke_a vessel_n and_o the_o testicle_n there_o be_v another_o matter_n of_o the_o seed_n far_o more_o noble_a which_o make_v it_o prolificall_a or_o fruitful_a seed_n the_o second_o matter_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o that_o be_v spirit_n bring_v unto_o it_o by_o the_o spermaticall_a artery_n which_o be_v fiery_a &_o airy_a substance_n wander_v and_o course_v about_o the_o whole_a body_n do_v contain_v in_o themselves_o the_o idea_n or_o form_n of_o the_o particular_a part_n neither_o do_v these_o spirit_n only_o contain_v the_o form_n of_o the_o sex_n but_o also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o fatal_a necessity_n of_o life_n and_o death_n so_o that_o from_o whence_o we_o have_v the_o act_n of_o life_n from_o thence_o also_o we_o have_v the_o necessity_n of_o dissolution_n in_o regard_n of_o these_o spirit_n the_o seed_n be_v call_v a_o efficient_a and_o a_o formal_a principle_n for_o the_o spirit_n be_v the_o immediate_a and_o proportionable_a instrument_n of_o nature_n whereby_o the_o noble_a architect_n that_o be_v the_o soul_n extend_v the_o membrane_n produce_v and_o lengthen_v the_o passage_n and_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o puff_a sufflation_n perforate_v they_o this_o therefore_o be_v the_o double_a matter_n of_o seed_n blood_n and_o spirit_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o among_o the_o philosopher_n the_o seed_n be_v esteem_v to_o have_v a_o double_a nature_n one_o airy_a spumou_n or_o frothy_a seed_n the_o double_a nature_n of_o seed_n another_o waterish_a and_o diffluent_fw-la for_o in_o that_o the_o seed_n be_v airy_a it_o be_v never_o congeal_v or_o freeze_v and_o in_o that_o it_o be_v waterish_a it_o be_v no_o soon_o out_o of_o his_o own_o vessel_n but_o it_o melt_v the_o spirit_n be_v vanish_v which_o do_v unite_v his_o part_n now_o whereas_o there_o be_v some_o which_o affirm_v that_o seed_n be_v only_o waterish_a because_o the_o colour_n be_v like_a water_n as_o also_o the_o consistence_n when_o it_o have_v be_v but_o a_o little_a time_n out_o of_o the_o vessel_n aristotle_n how_o seed_n &_o water_n differ_v aristotle_n we_o will_v against_o they_o oppose_v aristotle_n who_o dispute_v this_o very_a point_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o water_n and_o seed_n be_v very_o different_a for_o water_n by_o heat_n become_v not_o thick_a as_o seed_n do_v all_o waterisn_a thing_n by_o cold_a be_v congeal_v seed_n be_v make_v more_o fluid_a and_o in_o the_o 51_o problem_n of_o the_o first_o section_n he_o say_v that_o seed_n be_v like_a to_o phlegm_n and_o water_n not_o in_o nature_n but_o only_o in_o colour_n but_o we_o proceed_v this_o double_a matter_n be_v mingle_v in_o these_o labyrinth_n in_o which_o the_o vein_n open_v into_o the_o mingle_v how_o the_o double_a matter_n be_v mingle_v artery_n and_o the_o artery_n into_o the_o vein_n by_o a_o wonderful_a inoculation_n so_o that_o of_o two_o there_o become_v one_o vessel_n a_o emblem_n of_o the_o holy_a mixtion_n of_o seed_n in_o matrimony_n for_o as_o of_o two_o vessel_n a_o vein_n and_o a_o artery_n there_o be_v make_v one_o vessel_n so_o of_o a_o double_a matter_n blood_n and_o matrimony_n a_o emblem_n of_o matrimony_n spirit_n there_o be_v make_v one_o seed_n and_o of_o two_o seed_n the_o male_n and_o the_o female_n one_o infant_n and_o of_o two_o parent_n the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n one_o body_n but_o we_o return_v the_o blood_n and_o the_o spirit_n be_v thus_o mingle_v do_v attain_v in_o the_o prepare_v vessel_n a_o rudiment_n of_o seed_n not_o so_o much_o by_o the_o inbred_a power_n or_o faculty_n of_o the_o vessel_n themselves_o as_o by_o a_o irradiation_n or_o beam_a influence_n they_o have_v from_o the_o testicle_n final_o in_o the_o epididymis_fw-la seed_n how_o this_o mixture_n become_v seed_n and_o the_o testicle_n the_o seed_n be_v boil_a by_o their_o proper_a and_o ingenit_fw-la virtue_n who_o substance_n be_v rare_a spungy_a and_o friable_a and_o from_o these_o it_o be_v derive_v into_o the_o eiaculatory_a vessel_n as_o a_o over_o plus_fw-la and_o peculiar_a excrement_n of_o the_o testicle_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o fruitful_a &_o prolificall_a seed_n yssu_v only_o out_o of_o the_o testicle_n not_o from_o the_o whole_a body_n as_o we_o shall_v further_o prove_v in_o our_o next_o exercise_n qvest._n four_o whether_o seed_n fall_v from_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n menander_n think_v now_o i_o see_v a_o fair_a and_o large_a field_n before_o i_o wherein_o i_o may_v expatiate_v and_o disport_v myself_o a_o little_a not_o restrain_v my_o discourse_n within_o those_o narrow_a cancel_v wherein_o i_o have_v former_o confine_v it_o it_o be_v a_o common_a receyve_v opinion_n the_o old_a and_o receive_a opinion_n opinion_n in_o old_a time_n that_o the_o seed_n do_v flow_v from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o body_n this_o hypocrates_n avouch_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr
saint_n anthony_n fire_n and_o scirrhous_a that_o be_v therefrom_o what_o disease_n come_v therefrom_o hard_a and_o indolent_a tumour_n if_o it_o return_v unto_o the_o upper_a part_n it_o breed_v many_o disease_n which_o follow_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o part_n affect_v and_o the_o offend_a humour_n in_o the_o liver_n it_o breed_v the_o caecexta_fw-la the_o jaundice_n the_o dropsy_n in_o the_o spleen_n obstruction_n and_o sctrrhous_n tumour_n in_o the_o stomach_n deprave_a appetite_n and_o strange_a long_n in_o the_o heart_n palpitation_n and_o syncopes_fw-la or_o sound_v in_o the_o lung_n ulcer_n and_o consumption_n in_o the_o brayn_n the_o fall_a sickness_n and_o mad_a melancholy_n and_o many_o other_o such_o like_a among_o the_o new_a writer_n fernelius_n the_o best_a learned_a physician_n of_o they_o all_o in_o the_o 7._o book_n opinion_n fernelius_n opinion_n of_o his_o phisiologie_n prove_v that_o this_o blood_n be_v not_o alimentarie_a nor_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o that_o by_o which_o the_o infant_n be_v nourish_v in_o the_o mother_n womb_n but_o think_v it_o noxious_a and_o hurtful_a both_o in_o the_o quantity_n and_o quality_n on_o the_o contrary_n we_o think_v and_o persuade_v ourselves_o we_o shall_v also_o convince_v other_o that_o this_o blood_n which_o be_v monthly_o evacuate_v by_o the_o womb_n be_v all_o one_o with_o that_o blood_n whereof_o natural_a the_o contrary_a opinion_n that_o it_o be_v natural_a the_o parenchymata_n or_o flesh_n of_o our_o bowel_n be_v make_v and_o wherewith_o the_o infant_n in_o the_o womb_n be_v nourish_v and_o that_o it_o be_v in_o his_o own_o nature_n laudable_a and_o pure_a blood_n and_o no_o way_n offensive_a to_o the_o woman_n but_o only_o in_o the_o quantity_n thereof_o and_o this_o we_o hope_v we_o shall_v evict_v both_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o ancient_n and_o by_o invincible_a and_o demonstrative_a argument_n first_o of_o all_o hypocrates_n favour_v this_o opinion_n as_o also_o do_v galen_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o first_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la mulierum_fw-la have_v this_o say_n the_o blood_n fall_v from_o a_o woman_n like_o the_o blood_n of_o a_o stick_v sacrifice_n which_o soon_o clod_v or_o cake_v together_o because_o it_o be_v sound_a and_o healthful_a and_o this_o also_o he_o repeat_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la now_o the_o condition_n of_o laudable_a blood_n be_v to_o be_v red_a and_o quick_o to_o cake_n galen_n in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr causis_fw-la symptomatum_fw-la write_v natural_a galen_n reason_n to_o prove_v it_o natural_a that_o this_o blood_n be_v not_o unnatural_a but_o offend_v only_o in_o quantity_n and_o this_o may_v also_o be_v demonstrate_v by_o good_a and_o true_a reason_n this_o blood_n in_o a_o sound_a woman_n for_o if_o she_o be_v sickly_a the_o whole_a mass_n of_o blood_n be_v corrupt_v the_o blood_n i_o say_v that_o be_v avoid_v every_o month_n by_o the_o womb_n be_v make_v of_o the_o same_o cause_n by_o and_o of_o which_o the_o other_o blood_n be_v make_v with_o which_o the_o flesh_n be_v satisfy_v and_o nourish_v for_o the_o matter_n be_v the_o same_o the_o same_o heat_n of_o the_o liver_n the_o same_o vessel_n contain_v it_o why_o then_o shall_v there_o be_v any_o difference_n in_o their_o quality_n moreover_o if_o as_o the_o philosopher_n often_o urge_v the_o final_a cause_n be_v the_o most_o noble_a and_o prevayl_v in_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n over_o all_o the_o rest_n why_o shall_v this_o superfluous_a blood_n redound_v first_o first_o in_o the_o cold_a nature_n of_o woman_n unless_o that_o it_o may_v become_v a_o aliment_n unto_o the_o conceive_a and_o form_v infant_n why_o do_v she_o purge_v it_o rather_o by_o the_o womb_n then_o by_o the_o second_o the_o second_o nose_n as_o it_o be_v often_o avoid_v in_o man_n unless_o it_o be_v to_o accustom_v herself_o to_o this_o way_n that_o after_o the_o conception_n it_o may_v exhibit_v itself_o for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o infant_n this_o be_v the_o small_a cause_n of_o the_o menstruous_a blood_n acknowledge_v by_o hypocrates_n aristotle_n galen_n and_o all_o the_o whole_a school_n of_o physician_n aristotle_n say_v that_o such_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o woman_n that_o their_o blood_n perpetual_o fall_v to_o the_o womb_n and_o the_o principal_a part_n &_o therefore_o if_o they_o be_v hail_n and_o sound_v of_o body_n and_o have_v their_o course_n in_o good_a order_n they_o be_v never_o trouble_v with_o varices_fw-la or_o swell_a vein_n never_o with_o the_o haemerrhoid_v nor_o with_o bleed_v at_o the_o nose_n as_o man_n be_v now_o if_o these_o course_n do_v affect_v the_o way_n into_o the_o womb_n for_o no_o other_o cause_n but_o only_o for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o infant_n than_o no_o man_n will_v deny_v but_o that_o it_o be_v benign_a and_o laudable_a blood_n for_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la and_o in_o the_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la mulierum_fw-la say_v that_o the_o infant_n be_v nourish_v with_o pure_a and_o sweet_a blood_n in_o the_o first_o place_n he_o say_v that_o the_o infant_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o blood_n that_o which_o be_v the_o sweet_a in_o the_o second_o that_o the_o woman_n with_o child_n be_v pale_a all_o over_o because_o her_o pure_a blood_n be_v consume_v in_o the_o nourishment_n and_o increase_n of_o the_o infant_n moreover_o that_o the_o blood_n which_o nature_n purge_v by_o the_o womb_n of_o a_o sound_a woman_n be_v three_o three_o pure_a and_o elementary_a this_o be_v a_o manifest_a argument_n because_o of_o it_o return_v to_o the_o pap_n milk_n be_v generate_v and_o therefore_o nurse_n have_v not_o their_o course_n as_o long_o as_o they_o give_v suck_v now_o that_o milk_n be_v make_v of_o the_o pure_a blood_n hypocrates_n witness_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la aristotle_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la say_v that_o the_o conceive_v why_o nurse_n have_v not_o their_o course_n neither_o yet_o conceive_v nature_n of_o the_o milk_n and_o of_o the_o menstruous_a blood_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o and_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o that_o give_v suck_v have_v not_o their_o course_n neither_o yet_o do_v conceive_v with_o child_n and_o if_o they_o do_v happen_v to_o conceive_v than_o their_o milk_n fail_v add_v hereto_o that_o if_o the_o impurity_n of_o the_o course_n be_v so_o great_a as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o then_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o when_o woman_n be_v with_o child_n and_o their_o course_n fail_v upon_o that_o cause_n they_o shall_v be_v worse_o dispose_v then_o if_o they_o shall_v fail_v upon_o other_o cause_n because_o the_o infant_n draw_v away_o the_o pure_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n that_o other_o which_o be_v venomous_a or_o of_o a_o malignant_a quality_n will_v rage_v so_o much_o the_o more_o have_v lose_v the_o bridle_n whereby_o it_o be_v restrain_v moreover_o those_o symptom_n will_v be_v more_o violent_a in_o the_o last_o month_n then_o in_o the_o first_o after_o conception_n all_o which_o be_v contradict_v by_o common_a experience_n wherefore_o the_o menstrual_a blood_n be_v only_o abundant_a in_o woman_n and_o have_v no_o other_o fault_n conclusion_n conclusion_n at_o all_o if_o they_o be_v sound_a and_o hail_n and_o be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n nature_n and_o temperament_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o blood_n contain_v in_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n and_o wherewith_o the_o flesh_n be_v nourish_v yet_o be_v it_o call_v a_o excrement_n but_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d abusive_o because_o the_o flesh_n be_v therewith_o fill_v and_o satisfy_v do_v return_v that_o which_o remain_v back_o into_o the_o vein_n and_o void_a it_o out_o so_o the_o stomach_n be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o chylus_n thrust_v it_o into_o the_o gut_n but_o avicen_n make_v a_o question_n whether_o this_o menstrual_a blood_n be_v a_o excrement_n of_o the_o second_o question_n auicens_fw-la question_n or_o of_o the_o three_o concoction_n we_o say_v it_o be_v of_o both_o but_o in_o a_o diverse_a respect_n it_o be_v a_o excrement_n of_o the_o second_o concoction_n because_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o blood_n have_v his_o first_o generation_n in_o the_o liver_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o second_o concoction_n and_o from_o the_o liver_n be_v pour_v as_o a_o overplus_n answer_v answer_v or_o redundancie_n into_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o hollowveine_n it_o be_v a_o excrement_n of_o the_o three_o concoction_n because_o it_o be_v as_o we_o say_v vomit_v away_o by_o the_o flesh_n when_o it_o be_v satisfy_v after_o the_o three_o concoction_n those_o argument_n which_o before_o be_v allege_v against_o this_o truth_n be_v but_o vein_n and_o light_n argument_n answer_v to_o the_o former_a argument_n for_o as_o we_o grant_v that_o all_o those_o mischief_n and_o
even_o expound_v the_o authority_n expound_v as_o the_o bread_n be_v compass_v with_o a_o crust_n so_o be_v the_o infant_n compass_v with_o membrane_n but_o that_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o these_o two_o be_v alike_o that_o he_o do_v no_o where_n affirm_v &_o where_o as_o they_o say_v that_o the_o seed_n contain_v only_o the_o idea_n or_o form_n of_o those_o part_n from_o which_o it_o issue_v answer_v the_o reason_n answer_v and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o membrane_n actual_o either_o in_o the_o father_n or_o in_o the_o mother_n i_o answer_v that_o such_o &_o so_o divine_a be_v the_o power_n of_o the_o form_v faculty_n that_o they_o can_v diffuse_v or_o transfuse_v themselves_o out_o of_o one_o seed_n into_o another_o if_o therefore_o the_o mark_n which_o be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o grandfather_n do_v often_o appear_v in_o the_o grandchild_n yea_o in_o his_o posterity_n after_o many_o degree_n of_o affinity_n or_o consanguinity_n why_o shall_v not_o the_o form_v faculty_n of_o the_o father_n seed_n make_v a_o impression_n in_o the_o infant_n of_o that_o power_n which_o the_o father_n himself_o have_v when_o he_o be_v seed_n add_v hereto_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o final_a cause_n it_o be_v behooveful_a that_o the_o infant_n shall_v be_v invest_v with_o membrane_n and_o therefore_o the_o noble_a and_o absolute_a architect_n have_v make_v they_o the_o three_o question_n which_o we_o have_v here_o to_o discuss_v be_v whether_o these_o membrane_n be_v question_n the_o third_o question_n generate_v of_o the_o man_n seed_n or_o of_o the_o woman_n it_o be_v the_o old_a receive_a opinion_n that_o they_o be_v generate_v only_o of_o the_o mother_n seed_n because_o that_o be_v the_o cold_a and_o less_o fruitful_a woman_n whether_o the_o membrane_n be_v generate_v of_o the_o man_n seed_n or_o of_o the_o woman_n wherefore_o nature_n hide_v more_o inward_a the_o noble_a and_o especial_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n the_o more_o ignoble_a and_o base_a she_o dispose_v on_o the_o outside_n as_o a_o defence_n to_o the_o rest_n now_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o woman_n be_v more_o ignoble_a moreover_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o man_n seed_n be_v but_o little_a and_o not_o sufficient_a for_o the_o form_n of_o the_o outward_a and_o inward_a part_n both_o and_o therefore_o it_o pray_v aid_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o woman_n we_o think_v that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o membrane_n be_v make_v of_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o woman_n but_o that_o they_o be_v make_v only_o thereof_o that_o we_o deny_v for_o if_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o man_n be_v sufficient_a resolution_n the_o resolution_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o infant_n why_o shall_v it_o not_o also_o be_v sufficient_a to_o generate_v the_o chorion_n again_o if_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o woman_n do_v only_o generate_v these_o membrane_n how_o come_v that_o to_o pass_v which_o hypocrates_n avouch_v in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la that_o when_o the_o woman_n seed_n get_v the_o victory_n over_o the_o man_n there_o be_v procreate_v three_o kind_n of_o female_n do_v not_o the_o woman_n seed_n sometime_o overcome_v in_o the_o permixtion_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o sex_n therefore_o when_o the_o woman_n seed_n be_v strong_a than_o the_o man_n why_o shall_v we_o attribute_v the_o generation_n of_o the_o membrane_n unto_o the_o strong_a seed_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o infant_n to_o the_o weak_a we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o membrane_n may_v be_v generate_v of_o either_o seed_n of_o the_o opinion_n arantius_n his_o idle_a opinion_n male_a or_o female_n but_o of_o the_o female_a more_o ordinary_o and_o again_o that_o of_o the_o mother_n seed_n not_o only_o these_o membrane_n but_o also_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n of_o the_o infant_n may_v beform_v arantius_n in_o the_o book_n he_o set_v out_o of_o the_o infant_n say_v that_o the_o two_o membrane_n the_o amnion_n and_o the_o chorion_n be_v not_o generate_v before_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n but_o that_o they_o be_v propagation_n of_o the_o inner_a coat_n the_o amnion_n of_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n and_o the_o chorion_n of_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la but_o this_o be_v against_o all_o experience_n and_o reason_n as_o we_o have_v sufficient_o show_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o exercise_n qvest._n xvii_o of_o the_o number_n of_o the_o umbilicall_a vessel_n in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o vmbilicall_a vessel_n there_o be_v two_o thing_n obscure_a to_o wit_n the_o number_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o their_o original_a concern_v their_o number_n the_o anatomist_n be_v at_o variance_n some_o opinion_n of_o the_o number_n of_o these_o vessel_n diverse_a opinion_n say_v there_o be_v only_o three_o other_o four_o some_o five_o they_o which_o acknowledge_v three_o make_v only_o one_o vein_n and_o two_o artery_n they_o which_o will_v have_v four_o add_v to_o these_o three_o the_o vrachos_n those_o who_o will_v have_v five_o number_n two_o vein_n as_o many_o artery_n and_o the_o vrachos_n we_o resolve_v that_o as_o well_o in_o man_n as_o in_o beast_n there_o be_v four_o always_o &_o only_o four_o to_o be_v find_v the_o first_o be_v the_o vein_n which_o be_v the_o nurse_n of_o the_o embryo_n which_o alone_o and_o by_o itself_o resolution_n our_o resolution_n arrive_v at_o the_o navel_n from_o the_o fissure_v of_o the_o liver_n this_o vein_n when_o it_o have_v pass_v the_o vein_n a_o description_n of_o the_o umbililicall_a vein_n navel_n be_v cleave_v into_o two_o and_o make_v two_o distinct_a channel_n and_o these_o again_o be_v divide_v and_o subdivide_v who_o branch_n be_v support_v by_o the_o membrane_n call_v chorion_n do_v conjoin_v themselves_o with_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o womb_n in_o sheep_n and_o swine_n by_o certain_a round_o and_o navel-like_a excresence_n which_o they_o call_v cotyledones_fw-la or_o acetabula_fw-la in_o woman_n by_o that_o bulk_n of_o flesh_n which_o the_o late_a anatomist_n call_v the_o cake_n or_o liver_n of_o the_o womb_n but_o i_o know_v not_o for_o what_o reason_n for_o i_o do_v not_o believe_v say_v laurentius_n that_o the_o blood_n be_v prepare_v and_o boil_a in_o that_o flesh_n but_o i_o acknowledge_v the_o same_o use_n of_o it_o which_o the_o ancient_n assign_v to_o the_o glandulous_a body_n call_v pancreas_n to_o wit_n safe_o to_o sustain_v and_o like_o a_o pillow_n to_o under_o prop_v the_o innumerable_a propagation_n of_o vessel_n which_o be_v distribute_v through_o the_o chorion_n the_o vein_n therefore_o from_o the_o navel_n to_o the_o liver_n be_v but_o simple_a and_o single_a which_o after_o it_o be_v pass_v the_o navel_n be_v cleave_v in_o twain_o and_o appear_v double_a and_o thus_o be_v the_o different_a place_n in_o galen_n to_o be_v reconcile_v where_o he_o write_v sometime_o that_o this_o vein_n be_v single_a sometime_o himself_o galen_n reconcile_v to_o himself_o that_o it_o be_v double_a the_o vmbilicall_a artery_n be_v two_o one_o on_o either_o side_n proceed_v not_o from_o the_o heart_n but_o from_o the_o iliack_a branch_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n descend_v the_o four_o vessel_n remain_v and_o upon_o this_o hinge_n be_v the_o whole_a controversy_n turn_v the_o ancient_n call_v it_o urachus_fw-la because_o by_o it_o the_o infant_n pour_v his_o urine_n into_o the_o membrane_n almost_o all_o the_o late_a anatomist_n urachus_fw-la the_o umbilical_a artery_n the_o urachus_fw-la deny_v this_o to_o be_v in_o a_o man_n and_o say_v it_o be_v only_o find_v in_o beast_n yet_o i_o say_v laurentius_n have_v always_o observe_v it_o even_o in_o man_n also_o for_o that_o a_o nervous_a production_n be_v lead_v in_o man_n from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o bladder_n to_o the_o navel_n as_o well_o as_o in_o beast_n i_o think_v no_o anatomist_n man_n prove_v in_o man_n will_v deny_v i_o ask_v therefore_o what_o use_n be_v there_o in_o man_n of_o this_o production_n not_o only_o that_o it_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o ligament_n for_o the_o bladder_n be_v tie_v and_o do_v adhere_v to_o the_o neighbour_n part_v very_o strong_o by_o the_o interposition_n of_o many_o fibres_fw-es arise_v from_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la but_o to_o lead_v away_o the_o urine_n as_o it_o do_v in_o bruit_n beast_n and_o in_o this_o my_o opinion_n say_v the_o same_o laurentius_n cabrolius_n a_o history_n out_o of_o cabrolius_n i_o be_o confirm_v by_o the_o history_n of_o a_o wench_n who_o urine_n be_v a_o long_a time_n suppress_v do_v at_o last_o issue_n out_o at_o her_o navel_n this_o bartholemew_n cabrolius_n a_o most_o expert_a chirurgeon_n and_o the_o ordinary_a dissecter_n to_o the_o college_n of_o physician_n at_o monpelier_n in_o france_n have_v often_o make_v mention_n off_o fernelius_n also_o in_o the_o 13._o chapter_n of_o the_o sixth_o book_n of_o his_o pathologia_fw-la tell_v the_o like_a story_n one_o there_o
come_v into_o the_o world_n he_o present_o perish_v as_o have_v his_o vital_a heat_n nip_v by_o the_o cold_a of_o that_o churlish_a planet_n add_v hereto_o that_o the_o weak_a infant_n be_v not_o able_a to_o bear_v or_o endure_v so_o sudden_a a_o alteration_n from_o the_o moon_n to_o saturn_n as_o if_o it_o be_v from_o the_o low_a staff_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o ladder_n because_o all_o sudden_a mutation_n be_v enemy_n to_o nature_n but_o if_o he_o overcome_v the_o eight_o month_n then_o to_o saturn_n succeed_v jupiter_n that_o benefical_a planet_n by_o who_o prosperous_a and_o healthful_a aspect_n all_o the_o ill_a disposition_n that_o come_v by_o saturn_n be_v frustrate_v and_o avoid_v wherefore_o the_o nine_o month_n the_o infant_n be_v bear_v vital_a and_o lively_a as_o also_o the_o ten_o and_o the_o eleaventh_o because_o of_o the_o familiarity_n of_o mars_n and_o sol_n with_o the_o principle_n of_o our_o life_n and_o this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o astrologer_n concern_v the_o cause_n of_o our_o birth_n which_o be_v indeed_o elegant_a and_o make_v a_o fair_a show_n but_o be_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n full_a of_o error_n as_o picus_fw-la mirandula_n have_v prove_v in_o a_o book_n which_o he_o have_v write_v against_o astrologer_n confute_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o astrologian_n confute_v for_o how_o may_v it_o be_v that_o saturn_n shall_v always_o bear_v sway_v the_o first_o and_o the_o 8._o month_n when_o as_o a_o woman_n may_v conceive_v in_o any_o month_n of_o the_o year_n any_o day_n in_o the_o month_n or_o any_o hour_n in_o the_o day_n why_o do_v hind_n calf_n the_o eight_o month_n and_o their_o young_a suruine_n as_o aristotle_n write_v in_o his_o sixth_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la animalium_fw-la pliny_n be_v of_o opinion_n in_o the_o fifte_a opinion_n pliny_n his_o idle_a opinion_n chapter_n of_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr naturali_fw-la historia_fw-la that_o only_o those_o child_n be_v vital_a if_o they_o be_v bear_v the_o seven_o month_n who_o be_v conceyve_v the_o day_n before_o or_o after_o the_o full_a of_o the_o moon_n or_o in_o the_o new_a moon_n but_o all_o these_o be_v idle_a and_o addle_n imagination_n of_o wanton_a brain_n the_o geometrician_n refer_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o birth_n unto_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o conformation_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o infant_n for_o say_v they_o there_o be_v a_o double_a proportion_n of_o the_o conformation_n to_o the_o motion_n and_o a_o treble_a proportion_n of_o the_o motion_n to_o the_o birth_n which_o proportion_n proportion_n the_o geometritian_n proportion_n if_o the_o infant_n hold_v then_o shall_v he_o arrive_v alive_a and_o lively_a into_o the_o world_n so_o the_o seven_o month_n birth_n be_v vital_a because_o it_o be_v form_v the_o five_o and_o thirtith_n move_v the_o seventith_n and_o bear_v the_o two_o hundred_o and_o ten_o day_n and_o this_o opinion_n may_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o hypocrates_n for_o in_o the_o three_o section_n of_o his_o second_o book_n epidemiωn_v he_o say_v whatsoever_o be_v move_v in_o the_o seventith_n day_n be_v perfect_v avicen_n hip._n authority_n avicen_n in_o the_o triplicity_n but_o avicen_n confute_v this_o opinion_n for_o if_o only_a the_o proportion_n betwixt_o the_o conformation_n and_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o he_o suruive_v they_o shall_v he_o aswell_o suruive_v the_o eight_o as_o the_o seven_o month_n because_o they_o keep_v the_o same_o proportion_n for_o instance_n say_v that_o a_o infant_n be_v form_v the_o fortith_n day_n then_o shall_v he_o move_v the_o eightith_n and_o be_v bear_v the_o two_o hundred_o and_o fortith_n and_o in_o this_o birth_n the_o proportion_n be_v exquisite_o hold_v because_o twice_o forty_o make_v eighty_o and_o thrice_o eighty_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o day_n now_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr alimento_n say_v that_o a_o infant_n bear_v at_o 240._o day_n which_o all_o man_n understand_v to_o be_v the_o eight-month_n birth_n be_v and_o be_v not_o but_o the_o authority_n of_o hypocrates_n may_v well_o stand_v with_o this_o opinion_n for_o it_o be_v not_o his_o meaning_n that_o this_o proportion_n explain_v hip._n explain_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o life_n of_o the_o infant_n but_o simple_o and_o absolute_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a proportion_n betwixt_o the_o conformation_n motion_n and_o birth_n of_o the_o infant_n which_o no_o man_n will_v deny_v it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o acquaint_v you_o with_o the_o philosopher_n and_o physician_n reason_n physician_n the_o 5._o opinion_n of_o the_o philosopher_n and_o physician_n why_o the_o seventh-month_n birth_n be_v vital_a and_o not_o the_o eight_o nature_n although_o she_o be_v illiterate_a and_o untaught_a yet_o have_v she_o constant_a law_n which_o herself_o have_v impose_v upon_o herself_o definite_a also_o and_o limit_v motion_n which_o she_o always_o keep_v without_o inconstancy_n or_o mutability_n unless_o she_o be_v hinder_v by_o some_o internal_a or_o external_a principle_n as_o therefore_o she_o certain_a the_o law_n of_o of_o nature_n be_v certain_a never_o endeavour_v any_o perfect_a critical_a evacuation_n unless_o the_o humour_n be_v before_o boil_a and_o prepare_v so_o she_o never_o undertake_v a_o legitimate_a birth_n till_o the_o infant_n be_v perfect_v and_o absolve_v in_o all_o his_o number_n and_o as_o in_o crudity_n no_o good_a crisis_n be_v to_o be_v hope_v for_o according_a to_o hypocrates_n so_o before_o the_o infant_n be_v perfect_v the_o birth_n can_v be_v legitimate_a or_o vital_a for_o the_o birth_n say_v galen_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o crisis_n now_o before_o the_o seven_o month_n the_o infant_n be_v perfection_n no_o vital_a birth_n before_o perfection_n not_o perfect_v and_o therefore_o before_o the_o seven_o month_n he_o can_v be_v bear_v alive_a but_o the_o seaven-month_n if_o he_o be_v strong_a he_o break_v the_o membrane_n make_v way_n for_o himself_o and_o suruive_v because_o he_o be_v perfect_a especial_o if_o it_o be_v a_o male_a child_n reason_n the_o eight_o month_n birth_n why_o not_o vital_a 1._o reason_n the_o eight_o month_n although_o he_o be_v perfect_a he_o can_v survive_v because_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o bear_v two_o affliction_n one_o immediate_o succeed_v in_o the_o neck_n of_o another_o for_o in_o the_o seven_o month_n he_o labour_v sore_a and_o repeat_v his_o contention_n the_o eight_o before_o his_o strength_n be_v refresh_v and_o this_o be_v hypocrates_n opinion_n in_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr octimestri_fw-la partu_fw-la concern_v the_o eight-moneth_n birth_n i_o be_o of_o this_o judgement_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o infant_n authority_n hypocrates_n authority_n shall_v bear_v two_o succeed_a affliction_n and_o therefore_o those_o infant_n do_v not_o suruive_v for_o they_o be_v twice_o afflict_v because_o to_o the_o evil_n they_o suffer_v in_o the_o womb_n be_v add_v also_o the_o pain_n in_o the_o birth_n again_o the_o eight-month_n birth_n be_v not_o vital_a because_o it_o come_v after_o the_o birth_n day_n which_o reason_n the_o 2._o reason_n shall_v have_v be_v the_o seven_o month_n and_o before_o the_o birth_n day_n which_o be_v to_o be_v the_o nine_o month_n whence_o we_o may_v gather_v that_o some_o ill_a accident_n have_v betide_v the_o infant_n or_o the_o mother_n which_o hinder_v the_o birth_n the_o 7._o month_n and_o prevent_v the_o nine_o and_o hitherto_o belong_v that_o golden_a sentence_n of_o our_o admire_a master_n hypocrates_n in_o the_o eight_o section_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n epidemiωn_o if_o nothing_o happen_v within_o the_o prescript_n time_n of_o the_o birth_n whatsoever_o be_v bear_v shall_v suruive_v but_o now_o why_o a_o woman_n do_v not_o bear_v her_o burden_n beyond_o the_o ten_o and_o the_o eleaventh_o month_n why_o a_o woman_n go_v not_o above_o 11._o month_n month_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la refer_v the_o cause_n to_o the_o want_n of_o aliment_n now_o the_o aliment_n fail_v as_o well_o because_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n flow_v back_o unto_o the_o pap_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o milk_n as_o also_o because_o the_o infant_n be_v nourish_v only_o with_o pure_a and_o sweet_a blood_n which_o the_o mother_n can_v no_o long_o in_o sufficient_a quantity_n supply_v unto_o he_o neither_o be_v that_o to_o be_v pass_v over_o with_o silence_n which_o hypocrates_n observe_v in_o the_o book_n before_o name_v to_o wit_n that_o in_o some_o woman_n the_o aliment_n fail_v soon_o in_o some_o late_a those_o which_o be_v not_o accustom_v to_o bring_v forth_o have_v less_o aliment_n than_o other_o for_o soon_o what_o woman_n destaud_v their_o infant_n soon_o their_o infant_n because_o the_o blood_n be_v not_o accustom_v to_o turn_v his_o course_n towards_o the_o womb_n again_o those_o woman_n who_o have_v less_o store_n of_o
their_o course_n and_o of_o milk_n their_o aliment_n fail_v the_o soon_a it_o be_v also_o worth_a our_o observation_n that_o large_a and_o great_a creature_n do_v carry_v their_o burden_n long_a why_o great_a creature_n carry_v their_o young_a long_a the_o long_a because_o they_o do_v not_o so_o soon_o attain_v the_o perfection_n of_o their_o increment_n or_o growth_n so_o a_o elephant_n bring_v not_o forth_o before_o the_o second_o year_n after_o her_o conception_n but_o house-dove_n breed_v every_o month_n man_n be_v of_o all_o creature_n the_o most_o perfect_a the_o most_o wise_a the_o most_o temperate_a and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o all_o other_o have_v also_o moderate_a time_n of_o gestation_n that_o be_v the_o 7._o and_o the_o 9_o month_n if_o nature_n be_v not_o interrupt_v or_o prevent_v qvest._n xxxii_o whether_o in_o a_o desperate_a birth_n the_o caesarian_a section_n be_v to_o be_v attempt_v aristotle_n in_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la animalium_fw-la say_v that_o among_o all_o difficult_a why_o the_o birth_n of_o man_n be_v most_o difficult_a creature_n a_o woman_n travel_n be_v most_o laborious_a and_o difficult_a as_o well_o because_o she_o lead_v a_o soft_a and_o sedentary_a life_n as_o for_o that_o a_o man_n brain_n be_v the_o large_a an_o so_o his_o head_n great_a especial_o as_o long_o as_o he_o be_v in_o his_o mother_n womb_n now_o the_o head_n birth_n a_o miracle_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o birth_n use_v to_o come_v forward_o in_o the_o birth_n this_o birth_n as_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o fifteen_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la exceed_v all_o admiration_n for_o the_o mouth_n or_o orifice_n of_o the_o womb_n which_o all_o the_o time_n of_o the_o gestation_n be_v so_o close_v that_o a_o needle_n point_n can_v pass_v into_o it_o in_o the_o birth_n be_v so_o enlarge_v that_o the_o infant_n yssu_v out_o thererat_a but_o there_o be_v many_o obstacle_n which_o intercept_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o infant_n by_o the_o orifice_n and_o infant_n what_o thing_n hinder_v the_o outgate_n of_o the_o infant_n neck_n of_o the_o womb_n as_o the_o thickness_n and_o magnitude_n of_o the_o infant_n or_o natural_a straytnesse_n of_o the_o inward_a orifice_n and_o of_o the_o neck_n a_o distortion_n inslamation_n some_o tumour_n against_o nature_n a_o fleshy_a caruncle_n a_o scar_n or_o the_o faulty_a confirmation_n of_o the_o sharebone_n for_o oftentimes_o in_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o share-bone_n there_o be_v a_o sharp_a process_n which_o interclude_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o infant_n unto_o the_o birth_n blace_n and_o then_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n that_o the_o woman_n can_v be_v deliver_v wherefore_o either_o the_o infant_n must_v perish_v or_o the_o mother_n or_o both_o together_o in_o this_o so_o dead_a the_o womb_n must_v be_v present_o open_v if_o the_o mother_n be_v dead_a hard_a and_o desperate_a a_o extremity_n the_o question_n be_v what_o may_v be_v attempt_v we_o answer_v if_o the_o mother_n be_v dead_a and_o the_o child_n yet_o live_v then_o present_o without_o any_o delay_n the_o womb_n of_o the_o mother_n must_v be_v rip_v open_a and_o those_o child_n that_o be_v thus_o take_v forth_o be_v call_v caesares_fw-la or_o caesones_o from_o the_o cut_n of_o the_o mother_n womb_n from_o whence_o the_o caesar_n have_v their_o name_n after_o this_o manner_n as_o pliny_n report_v in_o the_o nine_o chapter_n of_o the_o seven_o book_n of_o his_o natural_a history_n be_v scipio_n affricanus_fw-la the_o elder_a julius_n caesar_n and_o manilius_n bear_v but_o if_o the_o mother_n be_v yet_o alive_a and_o the_o infant_n by_o no_o other_o mean_n can_v safe_o be_v bring_v forth_o the_o same_o section_n or_o open_n of_o the_o womb_n may_v be_v administer_v for_o common_a experience_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o ancient_a physician_n do_v assure_v we_o that_o the_o wound_n of_o the_o muscle_n paulus_n though_o the_o mother_n live_v yet_o this_o section_n may_v be_v attempt_v hypocrates_n paulus_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n and_o of_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la or_o rim_n be_v not_o mortal_a hypocrates_n in_o the_o three_o section_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n epidemiωn_o command_v we_o to_o cut_v our_o dropsy_n patient_n instant_o now_o this_o section_n for_o the_o dropsy_n be_v a_o wound_n of_o the_o epigastrium_n or_o low_a belly_n and_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la as_o for_o the_o womb_n itself_o paulus_n aegineta_n teach_v we_o that_o the_o wound_n thereof_o be_v not_o mortal_a it_o appear_v unto_o we_o say_v he_o that_o though_o the_o whole_a matrix_fw-la be_v take_v away_o the_o woman_n will_v ordinary_o suruive_v concern_v this_o caesarian_a section_n franciscus_n rossetus_n the_o french_a king_n physician_n have_v rosset_n franciscus_n rosset_n set_v forth_o a_o elegant_a book_n so_o beautify_v with_o history_n and_o abound_v with_o good_a argument_n that_o we_o shall_v abuse_v our_o time_n and_o your_o patience_n to_o transcribe_v they_o in_o this_o place_n wherefore_o we_o remit_v those_o who_o desire_v further_a satisfaction_n herein_o to_o that_o learned_a author_n qvest._n xxxiii_o whether_o in_o the_o birth_n the_o share_n and_o haunch-bone_n do_v part_v asunder_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o conformation_n life_n and_o nourishment_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v indeed_o full_a of_o admiration_n but_o her_o last_o endeavour_n in_o the_o birth_n thereof_o be_v indeed_o the_o crown_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n as_o that_o which_o exceed_v all_o admiration_n for_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o womb_n which_o after_o the_o first_o apprehension_n and_o conception_n birth_n the_o wonderful_a endeavour_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o birth_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v so_o exquisite_o close_v that_o it_o will_v not_o admit_v the_o point_n of_o a_o probe_n now_o that_o the_o infant_n with_o turn_v kick_a and_o break_v of_o the_o membrane_n prepare_v towards_o his_o enlargement_n it_o be_v so_o relax_v as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o gate_n wide_o open_a but_o because_o nature_n be_v so_o wise_a and_o provident_a that_o she_o undertake_v nothing_o without_o due_a preparation_n therefore_o in_o the_o last_o month_n of_o gestation_n she_o lyne_v the_o inner_a surface_n of_o the_o orifice_n with_o a_o slimy_a and_o mucous_a humour_n which_o thereupon_o become_v moist_a and_o soft_a do_v more_o easy_o distend_v or_o enlarge_v itself_o without_o fear_n of_o laceration_n or_o tear_v now_o whereas_o the_o womb_n be_v contain_v within_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o hanchbone_n and_o be_v wall_v about_o on_o the_o fore-side_n with_o the_o sharebone_n on_o the_o backside_n with_o the_o holy_a and_o rump-bone_n and_o on_o either_o side_n with_o the_o haunch_n whereof_o some_o be_v join_v together_o with_o a_o fast_n and_o immovable_a articulation_n other_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o a_o cartilege_n or_o gristle_n whether_o in_o the_o birth_n there_o be_v a_o divulsion_n or_o separation_n of_o these_o bone_n that_o now_o be_v the_o question_n we_o have_v in_o hand_n some_o learned_a man_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o sharebone_n and_o the_o haunch-bone_n be_v sever_v hypocrates_n that_o the_o bone_n be_v part_v in_o the_o birth_n authority_n hypocrates_n which_o also_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o many_o right_n learned_a man_n and_o by_o reason_n which_o carry_v with_o they_o a_o fair_a show_n of_o truth_n hypocrates_n in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la write_v on_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o very_a birth_n the_o whole_a body_n be_v as_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o rack_n but_o especial_o the_o loin_n and_o the_o haunch_n for_o their_o coxendices_fw-la be_v distract_v and_o part_v asunder_o and_o avicen_n in_o his_o three_o book_n fen._n 21._o tract_n at_o 1._o cap._n 2._o say_v when_o the_o infant_n avicen_n avicen_n be_v bear_v the_o womb_n be_v open_v with_o such_o a_o apertion_n as_o can_v be_v make_v in_o any_o other_o place_n and_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o some_o iuncture_n must_v be_v separate_v which_o be_v so_o sustain_v by_o the_o help_n of_o god_n so_o dispose_v and_o prepare_v and_o afterward_o do_v return_n to_o their_o natural_a continuation_n and_o this_o action_n of_o all_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o strong_a and_o most_o forcible_a rabbi_n zoar_n upon_o the_o first_o of_o exodus_fw-la zoar._n rab._n zoar._n thou_o shall_v not_o easy_o find_v any_o thing_n in_o the_o whole_a administration_n of_o nature_n more_o to_o be_v admire_v then_o that_o distraction_n of_o the_o sharebone_n in_o woman_n travel_n which_o indeed_o be_v do_v by_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n to_o who_o nature_n be_v but_o a_o serviceable_a handmaid_n for_o otherwise_o no_o strength_n almost_o be_v able_a to_o separate_v they_o the_o like_a also_o we_o have_v see_v in_o the_o shoot_n of_o stag_n horn_n which_o every_o year_n fall_v and_o grow_v again_o severinus_fw-la pinaeus_n in_o
of_o the_o temperament_n nourishment_n substance_n and_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n concern_v the_o temperament_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o physician_n be_v at_o great_a strife_n among_o heart_n of_o the_o temperament_n of_o the_o heart_n themselves_o auerrhoe_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o heart_n of_o his_o own_o nature_n be_v cold_a because_o his_o great_a part_n consist_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v natural_o cold_a as_o immoovable_a fibre_n four_o great_a vessel_n which_o be_v spermaticall_a part_n and_o without_o blood_n and_o cold_a and_o that_o it_o be_v hot_a by_o accident_n only_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o hot_a blood_n and_o spirit_n contain_v in_o it_o and_o his_o perpetual_a motion_n this_o opinion_n of_o auerrohe_n his_o follower_n strengthen_v with_o these_o reason_n first_o because_o cold_a auerrhoe_n that_o the_o heart_n be_v cold_a the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v sight_n and_o solid_a and_o nourish_v with_o solid_a thick_a and_o cold_a blood_n second_o because_o at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o be_v his_o noble_a part_n there_o grow_v a_o great_a three_o the_o 1._o reason_n the_o second_o the_o three_o quantity_n of_o fat_a who_o efficient_a cause_n say_v galen_n be_v cold_a last_o because_o it_o be_v the_o store-house_n of_o blood_n now_o blood_n say_v hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cord_n be_v natural_o cold_a for_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o vein_n it_o cake_v but_o to_o the_o first_o argument_n we_o answer_v that_o the_o fibre_n first_o answer_v to_o the_o first_o and_o the_o vessel_n be_v not_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o the_o flesh_n and_o therefore_o aristotle_n and_o galen_n call_v it_o a_o fleshy_a viscus_fw-la or_o bowel_z to_o the_o second_o that_o the_o fat_a grow_v not_o in_o the_o ventricle_n nor_o about_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o only_o about_o his_o membrane_n which_o in_o second_o to_o the_o second_o respect_n of_o his_o flesh_n be_v but_o a_o cold_a part_n beside_o nature_n finallcause_n that_o be_v to_o keep_v the_o heart_n from_o torrify_v overcome_v all_o the_o rest_n which_o thing_n in_o nature_n be_v not_o unusual_a to_o the_o three_o to_o the_o three_o three_o we_o answer_v that_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o blood_n one_o venal_a and_o another_o arterial_a the_o venial_a indeed_o be_v less_o hot_a but_o the_o arterial_a blood_n be_v exceed_o hot_a now_o the_o hart_n be_v the_o shop_n or_o workhouse_n of_o arterial_a not_o of_o venal_a blood_n we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o only_o hot_a but_o of_o all_o the_o bowel_n the_o hot_a authority_n that_o the_o hart_n be_v hot_a authority_n which_o we_o be_v able_a to_o prove_v by_o authority_n reason_n and_o experience_n hypocrates_n de_fw-fr principijs_fw-la say_v there_o be_v much_o heat_n in_o the_o heart_n as_o be_v of_o all_o member_n the_o hot_a galen_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr temperamentis_fw-la the_o blood_n receive_v his_o heat_n from_o the_o heart_n for_o that_o of_o all_o the_o bowel_n be_v by_o nature_n the_o hot_a the_o reason_n be_v the_o hart_n be_v the_o fountain_n reason_n reason_n of_o heat_n &_o of_o the_o nectar_n of_o life_n it_o engender_v the_o arterial_a blood_n the_o venal_a it_o attenuate_v for_o the_o lung_n here_o the_o vital_a spirit_n the_o hot_a of_o all_o other_o be_v make_v final_o here_o be_v the_o hearth_n &_o the_o fire_n whereby_o the_o natural_a heat_n of_o all_o the_o part_n be_v refresh_v experience_n also_o for_o if_o you_o put_v your_o finger_n into_o the_o hart_n of_o a_o beast_n sudden_o open_v the_o heat_n of_o it_o will_v even_o burn_v experience_n experience_n as_o galen_n say_v in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr semine_fw-la and_o experience_n prove_v again_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o most_o solid_a of_o all_o flesh_n because_o it_o be_v engender_v of_o most_o hot_a blood_n make_v dense_a and_o thick_a by_o the_o parch_a power_n of_o a_o exceed_a great_a heat_n but_o some_o will_v say_v that_o the_o comparison_n how_o the_o spirit_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o heart_n by_o which_o they_o be_v make_v comparison_n spirit_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o heart_n i_o answer_v it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o the_o spirit_n there_o be_v a_o great_a heat_n but_o in_o the_o heart_n there_o be_v more_o heat_n more_o sharp_v and_o which_o heat_v more_o because_o of_o the_o density_n of_o his_o substance_n so_o fire_n in_o straw_n or_o stubble_n though_o it_o be_v a_o flame_n burn_v but_o light_o for_o you_o may_v draw_v your_o hand_n through_o it_o without_o any_o great_a offence_n but_o hot_a glow_a iron_n although_o it_o have_v not_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o heat_n that_o the_o flame_n have_v yet_o it_o burn_v more_o strong_o and_o can_v be_v touch_v without_o danger_n but_o it_o may_v be_v demand_v if_o the_o spirit_n be_v be_v whence_o the_o spirit_n have_v their_o heat_n that_o be_v hot_a than_o the_o hart_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o heart_n and_o be_v breed_v in_o the_o heart_n whence_o have_v they_o that_o great_a heat_n i_o answer_v the_o heart_n consist_v of_o three_o part_n as_o it_o be_v or_o substance_n a_o spiritual_a a_o moist_a and_o a_o solid_a the_o spirit_n be_v engender_v of_o the_o spiritual_a and_o hot_a part_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o be_v hot_a indeed_o than_o the_o whole_a heart_n but_o not_o hot_a than_o that_o part_n that_o engender_v the_o spirit_n heart_n three_o substance_n of_o the_o heart_n that_o this_o may_v be_v galen_n give_v a_o instance_n in_o milk_n milk_n in_o his_o whole_a substance_n be_v either_o cold_a or_o temperate_a but_o his_o fatty_a and_o buttery_a part_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o milk_n so_o the_o heart_n be_v hot_a in_o his_o whole_a substance_n but_o the_o spiritual_a part_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o whole_a heart_n and_o from_o that_o part_n have_v the_o spirit_n their_o intense_a heat_n &_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o active_a quality_n of_o the_o heart_n now_o for_o the_o passive_a there_o be_v as_o great_a dissension_n avicen_n de_fw-fr temperamentis_fw-la and_o galen_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr temper_n cap._n 3._o and_o 12._o and_o in_o his_o 3._o book_n de_fw-fr aliment_n facultatibus_fw-la say_v it_o be_v dry_a and_o his_o flesh_n hard_a and_o solid_a now_o it_o be_v a_o sure_a rule_n axiom_n whether_o the_o hart_n be_v moist_a or_o dry_a a_o axiom_n that_o whatsoever_o be_v hard_o to_o feel_v too_o in_o a_o live_a body_n that_o also_o be_v dry_a on_o the_o other_o side_n auerrhoes_n will_v have_v it_o moist_a because_o life_n consist_v in_o heat_n and_o moisture_n but_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o begin_n of_o life_n and_o the_o shop_n of_o moisture_n galen_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr temperamentis_fw-la call_v it_o a_o bloody_a bowel_v therefore_o moist_a and_o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n it_o be_v a_o little_a less_o dry_a than_o the_o skin_n therefore_o moist_a than_o the_o skin_n i_o answer_v it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o heart_n be_v moist_a to_o feel_v too_o then_o the_o skin_n but_o galen_n when_o he_o say_v it_o be_v dry_a resolution_n resolution_n compare_v it_o not_o to_o the_o skin_n but_o to_o the_o other_o part_n for_o so_o his_o word_n be_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v so_o much_o dry_a than_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o spleen_n or_o kidney_n as_o it_o be_v hard_a and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o temperament_n of_o the_o heart_n concern_v his_o nourishment_n galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o the_o 7._o the_o administ_n nourish_v how_o the_o hart_n be_v nourish_v anatomicis_fw-la say_v it_o be_v nourish_v with_o venal_a and_o thick_a blood_n many_o of_o the_o late_a writer_n say_v it_o be_v nourish_v with_o the_o thin_a blood_n contain_v in_o his_o ventricle_n on_o galens_n side_n that_o be_v on_o the_o truth_n be_v these_o reason_n it_o be_v a_o catholic_a principle_n every_o thing_n be_v preserve_v axiom_n a_o axiom_n and_o refresh_v with_o his_o like_a the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v hard_a thick_a and_o solid_a such_o therefore_o must_v be_v his_o nourishment_n beside_o there_o be_v a_o notable_a vein_n call_v coronaria_fw-la or_o the_o crowne-veine_n which_o compass_v a_o round_a the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o send_v forth_o branch_n into_o all_o his_o substance_n but_o nature_n use_v not_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n rash_o or_o in_o vain_a it_o serve_v therefore_o inspection_n a_o argument_n from_o ocular_a inspection_n for_o his_o nourishment_n beside_o ocular_a inspection_n proove_v it_o which_o no_o reason_n can_v convince_v the_o branch_n of_o the_o coronarie_a vein_n be_v more_o and_o more_o conspicuous_a on_o the_o left_a side_n
pliny_n authority_n that_o the_o heart_n will_v not_o bear_v a_o disease_n hypocrates_n aristotle_n aphrodisaeus_n paulus_n aegineta_n pliny_n so_o soâ—d_a and_o dense_a that_o it_o be_v not_o offend_v with_o any_o humour_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v taint_v with_o any_o disease_n aristotle_n the_o heart_n can_v bear_v no_o heavy_a or_o grcevous_a discase_v because_o it_o be_v the_o original_n of_o life_n aphrodisaeus_n in_o the_o heart_n can_v not_o discase_v consist_v for_o the_o patient_n will_v die_v before_o the_o disease_n appear_v paulus_n any_o disease_n of_o the_o heart_n bring_v death_n headlong_o upon_o a_o man_n pliny_n only_o this_o of_o all_o the_o bowel_n be_v not_o weary_v with_o discase_n neither_o endure_v it_o the_o grievous_a punishment_n of_o this_o life_n and_o if_o it_o chance_v to_o be_v offend_v present_a death_n ensue_v yet_o how_o repugnant_a this_o be_v to_o experience_n many_o history_n do_v bear_v witness_n galen_n in_o his_o 2._o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la report_v that_o a_o sacrifice_a beast_n contrary_a manifold_a history_n prove_v the_o contrary_a do_v walk_v after_o his_o heart_n be_v out_o and_o in_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-fr administra_fw-la anatom_n he_o make_v mention_n of_o one_o marullus_n the_o son_n of_o a_o maker_n of_o interlude_n who_o live_v after_o his_o heart_n be_v lay_v bare_a even_o from_o the_o purse_n or_o pericardium_n and_o in_o his_o 4._o book_n de_fw-la locis_fw-la affectus_fw-la if_o a_o man_n be_v wound_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o wound_n pierce_v not_o into_o the_o ventricle_n but_o stay_n in_o the_o flesh_n he_o may_v live_v a_o day_n and_o a_o night_n benevenius_n write_v that_o he_o have_v see_v many_o apostemation_n in_o the_o heart_n we_o tell_v you_o a_o story_n even_o now_o out_o of_o hollerius_n of_o a_o woman_n who_o have_v two_o stone_n and_o many_o apostemation_n find_v in_o her_o heart_n mathias_n cornax_n physician_n to_o the_o emperor_n maximilian_n say_v that_o he_o dissect_v a_o bookseller_n and_o find_v his_o heart_n more_o than_o half_o rot_v away_o thomas_n a_o vetga_n write_v that_o there_o be_v a_o red_a deer_n find_v in_o who_o heart_n be_v stick_v a_o old_a piece_n of_o a_o arrow_n wherewith_o he_o have_v be_v long_o before_o wound_v in_o hunt_v but_o you_o shall_v reconcile_v these_o together_o reconcile_v how_o these_o be_v to_o be_v reconcile_v if_o you_o say_v the_o heart_n will_v bear_v all_o affliction_n but_o not_o long_o or_o that_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o all_o kind_n of_o disease_n but_o will_v bear_v none_o grievous_a for_o example_n the_o heart_n will_v suffer_v all_o kind_n of_o distemper_n but_o if_o any_o distemper_n be_v immoderate_a or_o notable_a the_o party_n present_o die_v so_o say_v galen_n in_o his_o five_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la death_n follow_v the_o immoderate_a distemper_n of_o the_o heart_n when_o galen_n say_v in_o the_o fifte_a chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la that_o interpret_v galen_n interpret_v the_o heart_n will_v bear_v no_o apostemation_n he_o understand_v such_o a_o apostemation_n as_o come_v by_o the_o permutation_n of_o a_o inflammation_n for_o the_o creature_n will_v die_v before_o the_o inflammation_n example_n answer_n to_o the_o example_n will_v suppurate_n or_o grow_v to_o quitture_v say_v that_o the_o apostemation_n find_v by_o benivenius_n hollerius_n and_o matthew_n cornace_n be_v phlegmatic_a or_o say_v that_o rare_a thing_n do_v not_o belong_v to_o art_n or_o with_o auerrhoe_n as_o in_o nature_n so_o in_o disease_n we_o oftentimes_o find_v monster_n that_o a_o creature_n can_v walk_v and_o cry_v when_o his_o heart_n be_v out_o i_o believe_v well_o so_o long_o as_o the_o spirit_n last_o in_o his_o body_n which_o it_o receive_v from_o the_o heart_n when_o they_o fail_v he_o present_o die_v france_n a_o strange_a story_n of_o a_o florentine_a ambassador_n in_o the_o court_n of_o france_n andrea_n laurentius_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o strange_a accident_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o court_n of_o france_n guichardine_n a_o noble_a knight_n and_o ambassador_n for_o the_o duke_n of_o florence_n be_v in_o good_a health_n and_o walk_v with_o other_o nobleman_n and_o talk_v not_o serious_o but_o at_o random_n present_o fall_v stone_n dead_a never_o breathe_v and_o his_o pulse_n never_o move_v many_o tell_v the_o king_n some_o say_v he_o be_v dead_a some_o that_o he_o be_v but_o fall_v into_o a_o apoplexy_n or_o a_o fall_v sickness_n and_o that_o there_o be_v hope_n of_o his_o recovery_n the_o king_n say_v laurentius_n command_v i_o to_o take_v care_n of_o he_o when_o i_o come_v i_o find_v the_o man_n stark_o dead_a and_o avouch_v that_o the_o fault_n be_v not_o in_o his_o brain_n but_o in_o his_o heart_n the_o next_o day_n his_o body_n be_v open_v and_o we_o find_v his_o heart_n so_o swell_v that_o it_o take_v up_o almost_o all_o his_o chest_n when_o we_o open_v the_o ventricles_n there_o yssue_v out_o three_o or_o four_o pound_n of_o blood_n and_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o great_a vein_n be_v break_v and_o all_o the_o fork_a membrane_n tear_v but_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n be_v so_o dilate_v that_o a_o man_n may_v have_v thrust_v in_o his_o arm_n so_o that_o i_o imagine_v that_o all_o the_o floodgate_n be_v loosen_v so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o blood_n yssue_v into_o the_o ventricle_n that_o there_o be_v no_o room_n for_o the_o dilatation_n or_o contraction_n whereupon_o he_o fall_v sudden_o dead_a yet_o be_v it_o a_o great_a wonder_n how_o without_o any_o outward_a cause_n of_o a_o stroke_n or_o fall_v or_o vociferation_n or_o anger_n so_o great_a a_o vessel_n shall_v be_v break_v it_o may_v be_v he_o be_v poison_v for_o the_o italian_n they_o say_v be_v wondrous_a cunning_n in_o that_o art_n &_o in_o the_o contention_n of_o nature_n that_o dilaceration_n happen_v qvest._n x._o of_o the_o nature_n of_o respiration_n and_o what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o proper_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n what_o cause_v it_o have_v what_o manner_n motion_n it_o be_v what_o power_n or_o faculty_n move_v the_o artery_n when_o and_o as_o the_o heart_n be_v move_v or_o after_o and_o otherwise_o how_o heart_n a_o brief_a enumeration_n of_o the_o difficulty_n about_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o where_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v generate_v and_o their_o immediate_a matter_n prepare_v what_o be_v the_o temperament_n of_o the_o heart_n how_o it_o be_v nourish_v what_o his_o structure_n be_v &_o how_o many_o the_o part_n be_v of_o his_o substance_n with_o their_o use_n and_o function_n final_o how_o able_a to_o bear_v and_o endure_v affect_n and_o disease_n theresolution_n of_o which_o question_n though_o they_o do_v not_o proper_o pertain_v unto_o anatomy_n all_o of_o they_o yet_o do_v they_o so_o depend_v one_o upon_o another_o as_o it_o seem_v necessary_a that_o he_o that_o will_v know_v one_o shall_v also_o know_v all_o notwithstanding_o in_o our_o treat_v of_o they_o we_o have_v very_o often_o restrain_v our_o discourse_n and_o contain_v it_o within_o such_o limit_n as_o be_v not_o far_o distant_a from_o dissection_n itself_o it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o shall_v a_o little_a stand_n upon_o another_o motion_n in_o our_o body_n and_o spiration_n of_o spiration_n the_o instrument_n thereof_o which_o nature_n have_v ordain_v to_o be_v serviceable_a to_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o that_o be_v spiration_n or_o breathe_n for_o the_o heart_n be_v exceed_o hot_a and_o therefore_o a_o part_n of_o great_a expense_n need_v a_o continual_a supply_n of_o nourishment_n for_o the_o spirit_n and_o of_o ventilation_n for_o himself_o for_o hypocrates_n say_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr naturapueri_fw-la calidun_fw-la omne_fw-la necessary_a why_o necessary_a frigido_fw-la moderato_fw-la nutritur_fw-la &_o fovet_fw-la we_o that_o which_o be_v hot_a be_v nourish_v and_o cherish_v by_o that_o which_o be_v moderate_o cold_a which_o sentence_n galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la respiration_n be_v thus_o elegant_o expound_v even_o as_o say_v he_o a_o flame_n shut_v up_o in_o a_o straight_a room_n and_o not_o ventilate_v with_o the_o aer_fw-la burn_v dimmer_n and_o dim_a till_o it_o be_v extinguish_v so_o our_o natural_a heat_n if_o it_o want_v cold_a to_o temper_v it_o grow_v saint_n and_o waste_v away_o to_o utter_v confusion_n for_o it_o be_v like_o a_o flame_n move_v both_o way_n upward_o downward_o inward_a and_o outward_a upper_a and_o outward_a because_o it_o be_v light_a as_o be_v of_o a_o fiery_a and_o airy_a nature_n downward_o and_o inward_a in_o respect_n of_o his_o nourishment_n either_o of_o these_o motion_n if_o they_o he_o hinder_v the_o heat_n either_o decay_v or_o be_v extinguish_v it_o decay_v for_o want_v of_o nourishment_n because_o it_o can_v be_v move_v
and_o nature_n have_v here_o very_o wise_o ordain_v that_o although_o this_o action_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a and_o so_o natural_a for_o the_o voluntary_a why_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o respiration_n shall_v be_v partly_o voluntary_a preservation_n of_o life_n yet_o there_o shall_v also_o be_v in_o it_o some_o command_n of_o the_o will_n because_o it_o be_v often_o very_o profitable_a to_o stay_v the_o breath_n and_o often_o to_o thrust_v it_o out_o with_o extraordinary_a violence_n if_o we_o be_v to_o give_v very_o diligent_a ear_n to_o any_o thing_n if_o to_o pass_v through_o any_o unsavoury_a or_o noisome_a place_n if_o we_o fall_v or_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o water_n it_o be_v very_o necessary_a that_o we_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o contain_v our_o breath_n on_o the_o contrary_a to_o blow_v up_o any_o thing_n to_o wind_v a_o home_n or_o sound_v a_o trumpet_n to_o blow_v the_o fire_n or_o such_o like_a it_o be_v very_o profitable_a that_o we_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o 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in_o the_o disease_n they_o be_v deprave_a â—â—_o motus_fw-la tonic_n â—â—_o the_o reason_n why_o we_o be_v not_o weary_v with_o continual_a respiration_n be_v because_o there_o be_v continual_a use_n and_o necessity_n of_o it_o although_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v that_o even_a respiration_n be_v constrain_v weari_v the_o creature_n much_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o that_o affirm_v this_o respiration_n to_o be_v mere_o voluntary_a allege_v that_o we_o be_v able_a to_o stay_v it_o when_o we_o will_v and_o to_o move_v it_o when_o we_o will_v to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o be_v proper_o and_o absolute_o a_o voluntary_a action_n which_o may_v be_v stay_v at_o our_o pleasure_n when_o it_o be_v do_v and_o again_o do_v when_o it_o be_v stay_v but_o respiration_n be_v no_o such_o action_n for_o if_o the_o respiration_n be_v altogether_o stay_v as_o in_o those_o who_o history_n be_v above_o mention_v then_o be_v the_o creature_n life_n extinguish_v and_o the_o respiration_n can_v again_o be_v move_v and_o for_o the_o two_o other_o argument_n that_o respiration_n be_v by_o animal_n instrument_n &_o that_o in_o a_o frenzy_n which_o be_v a_o disease_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o respiration_n be_v vitiate_a i_o answer_v that_o they_o prove_v indeed_o that_o in_o respiration_n there_o be_v somewhat_o voluntary_a but_o they_o do_v not_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o natural_a we_o therefore_o do_v determine_v that_o respiration_n be_v a_o mix_a action_n and_o to_o it_o do_v concur_v both_o principle_n join_v together_o the_o brayn_n and_o the_o heart_n the_o animal_n and_o determination_n the_o determination_n the_o natural_a faculty_n to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n and_o discourse_n of_o respiration_n the_o pulse_n and_o respiration_n we_o see_v be_v two_o distinct_a motion_n yet_o so_o near_o of_o kin_n as_o man_n do_v not_o ordinary_o observe_v the_o difference_n between_o they_o we_o will_v therefore_o in_o a_o word_n tell_v you_o wherein_o they_o differ_v and_o wherein_o they_o agree_v they_o agree_v in_o that_o that_o they_o both_o serve_v one_o faculty_n that_o be_v the_o vital_a for_o they_o be_v both_o ordain_v only_o for_o the_o heart_n which_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o vital_a faculty_n moreover_o they_o have_v both_o one_o final_a cause_n a_o threefould_a necessity_n of_o nutrition_n temperation_n and_o expurgation_n nourishment_n of_o the_o spirit_n temper_v of_o the_o heat_n and_o purge_n of_o smoky_a vapour_n three_o they_o agree_v in_o the_o condition_n of_o their_o motion_n for_o both_o of_o they_o consist_v of_o a_o systole_n and_o a_o diastole_n and_o a_o double_a rest_n between_o they_o but_o in_o these_o thing_n they_o differ_v that_o the_o pulse_n be_v a_o natural_a motion_n continual_a not_o interrupt_v and_o without_o all_o power_n of_o the_o will_n respiration_n be_v free_a and_o cease_v some_o while_n at_o our_o pleasure_n the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o pulse_n be_v only_a nature_n of_o respiration_n nature_n 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arterial_a vein_n and_o the_o venal_a artery_n second_o because_o they_o be_v make_v to_o refrigerate_v the_o heart_n wherefore_o they_o be_v call_v the_o fan_n of_o the_o heart_n three_o because_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o cold_a disease_n as_o obstruction_n shortness_n of_o wind_n difficulty_n of_o breathe_v and_o knottines_n call_v tubercula_fw-la four_o because_o they_o abound_v with_o phlegmatic_a and_o cold_a humour_n which_o be_v discern_v by_o that_o we_o cough_v up_o last_o they_o allege_v a_o authority_n and_o a_o reason_n out_o of_o hypocrates_n the_o authority_n for_o authority_n authority_n that_o he_o say_v the_o lung_n be_v of_o their_o own_o nature_n cold_a and_o be_v far_o cool_v by_o inspiration_n hypocrates_n ground_n out_o of_o which_o they_o draw_v this_o argument_n be_v where_o he_o say_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr alimentis_fw-la the_o lung_n do_v draw_v a_o nourishment_n contrary_n to_o their_o body_n whereas_o all_o other_o part_n draw_v hypocrates_n a_o reason_n draw_v from_o hypocrates_n that_o which_o be_v like_a to_o they_o from_o whence_o they_o reason_n thus_o the_o lung_n draw_v unto_o themselves_o blood_n attenuate_v in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o be_v therewith_o nourish_v that_o blood_n be_v very_o hot_a their_o substance_n if_o hypocrates_n say_v true_a who_o be_v say_v never_o to_o have_v deceive_v any_o man_n nor_o never_o to_o have_v be_v deceive_v himself_o must_v needs_o be_v cold_a but_o these_o argument_n may_v thus_o be_v answer_v argument_n answer_v to_o the_o argument_n to_o the_o first_o the_o vessel_n be_v not_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o lung_n but_o the_o flesh_n which_o be_v make_v of_o a_o hot_a and_o frothy_a blood_n to_o the_o second_o that_o they_o refrigerate_v and_o cool_v the_o heart_n not_o by_o their_o own_o temperament_n but_o because_o they_o draw_v and_o contain_v outward_a air_n which_o be_v always_o cold_a than_o the_o heart_n though_o it_o
for_o in_o ox_n it_o be_v of_o a_o oval_a figure_n bunch_v or_o bear_v out_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o eye_n not_o only_o that_o it_o may_v be_v free_a from_o be_v offend_v but_o especial_o that_o the_o eye_n may_v discern_v thing_n great_a than_o itself_o that_o be_v that_o it_o may_v receive_v the_o idea_n or_o form_n of_o great_a object_n and_o those_o whole_a &_o unbroken_a as_o also_o that_o the_o light_n which_o enter_v in_o may_v be_v better_o unite_v and_o contract_v and_o so_o attain_v through_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n unto_o the_o chrystaline_a humour_n that_o this_o benefit_n come_v by_o the_o roundness_n and_o prominence_z of_o this_o membrane_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o a_o look_a glass_n for_o if_o we_o desire_v to_o see_v our_o face_n in_o a_o long_a fragment_n of_o a_o look_a glass_n we_o can_v see_v they_o whole_a because_o the_o figure_n be_v plain_a and_o in_o a_o plain_a figure_n the_o perpendicular_a beam_n of_o the_o light_n be_v not_o unite_v 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expose_v to_o all_o injury_n of_o cold_a heat_n and_o whatsoever_o else_o may_v fall_v upon_o or_o bruise_v the_o eye_n yet_o by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o lid_n by_o the_o hair_n by_o the_o bone_n and_o by_o the_o skin_n moreover_o it_o be_v not_o a_o simple_a or_o single_a membrane_n but_o make_v as_o it_o be_v of_o many_o shell_n or_o scale_n upon_o which_o say_v ruffus_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n there_o be_v a_o cuticle_n or_o curtain_n spread_v which_o be_v far_o thin_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o scale_n that_o if_o haply_o one_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v gnaw_v asunder_o the_o rest_n may_v suffice_v to_o contain_v and_o defend_v the_o chrystaline_a humour_n avicen_n make_v it_o foursould_a it_o be_v very_o thin_a for_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la if_o it_o have_v be_v thick_a it_o may_v indeed_o have_v be_v a_o defence_n unto_o the_o eye_n but_o it_o will_v have_v thin_a why_o thin_a cast_v a_o perpetual_a dark_a shadow_n upon_o it_o and_o will_v have_v hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o light_n whereas_o now_o be_v thin_a it_o transmit_v any_o light_n or_o brightness_n free_o and_o without_o delay_n so_o that_o the_o chrystaline_a humour_n may_v discern_v the_o true_a purtraiture_n and_o representation_n of_o all_o visible_a object_n wherefore_o also_o it_o be_v transparent_a clear_a and_o bright_a because_o it_o shall_v be_v more_o fit_a for_o the_o transmission_n of_o illumination_n for_o so_o we_o see_v that_o the_o thin_a a_o horn_n be_v the_o better_a do_v the_o light_n extend_v itself_o through_o it_o it_o be_v also_o streatched_a for_o if_o it_o have_v be_v corrugate_v or_o wrinkle_v and_o so_o unequal_a it_o must_v stretch_v why_o stretch_v needs_o have_v lose_v his_o roundness_n smoothness_n and_o transparancie_n and_o so_o the_o sight_n will_v have_v be_v much_o hinder_v a_o experience_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o old_a man_n in_o who_o this_o membrane_n be_v sometime_o so_o rugous_a and_o loose_a that_o either_o they_o can_v see_v nothing_o at_o all_o or_o very_o confuse_o for_o say_v aquapendens_fw-la when_o one_o plight_n or_o fold_n fall_v upon_o another_o and_o the_o coat_n thereupon_o be_v duplicate_v the_o membrane_n become_v thick_a &_o the_o apple_n contract_v itself_o because_o it_o be_v not_o distend_v by_o a_o sufficient_a afluence_n of_o spirit_n it_o be_v transparent_a that_o it_o may_v give_v way_n to_o all_o visible_a form_n and_o representation_n and_o also_o admit_v the_o light_n which_o beat_v upon_o it_o but_o we_o must_v consider_v that_o this_o transparancie_n or_o transparent_a why_o transparent_a lucidity_n of_o the_o membrane_n differ_v much_o from_o the_o lucidity_n of_o the_o air_n that_o so_o there_o may_v ensue_v a_o refraction_n or_o break_v of_o the_o light_n but_o how_o the_o light_n pass_v unto_o the_o eye_n and_o how_o it_o be_v refract_v because_o it_o 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and_o beside_o be_v very_o obscure_a moreover_o such_o a_o asperity_n or_o roughness_n will_v have_v be_v troublesome_a to_o the_o eie-lid_n as_o we_o see_v it_o happen_v when_o any_o small_a substance_n fall_v betwixt_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o lid_n but_o be_v fast_o hard_a &_o thin_a it_o can_v not_o receive_v any_o vein_n into_o it_o neither_o yet_o artery_n nor_o nerve_n neither_o if_o it_o can_v have_v it_o be_v behooveful_a for_o they_o will_v have_v hinder_v the_o sight_n &_o although_o it_o may_v have_v defend_v the_o chrystaline_a humour_n from_o outward_a offence_n yet_o it_o will_v have_v be_v ofsensive_a to_o the_o sight_n with_o his_o hardness_n and_o final_o it_o will_v have_v abate_v the_o visible_a faculty_n communicate_v unto_o the_o eye_n from_o above_o and_o have_v dim_v or_o dull_v their_o brightness_n for_o sight_n that_o much_o light_n be_v a_o enemy_n to_o the_o sight_n that_o the_o eye_n be_v offend_v with_o a_o bright_a and_o vehement_a light_n every_o man_n have_v sufficient_a experience_n in_o himself_o beside_o we_o read_v in_o history_n that_o zenophons_n soldier_n be_v almost_o blind_v by_o travel_v through_o the_o snow_n and_o dionysius_n that_o tyrant_n of_o cicilia_n above_o his_o prison_n build_v a_o very_a lightsome_a and_o bright_a chamber_n which_o he_o whiten_v over_o with_o lime_n &_o when_o cruelty_n dyonisius_n his_o cruelty_n he_o have_v a_o long_a time_n detain_v his_o prisoner_n in_o a_o dark_a dungeon_n he_o sudden_o bring_v they_o into_o this_o light_n and_o bright_a place_n where_o they_o instant_o become_v blind_a because_o their_o eye_n be_v not_o able_a to_o bear_v so_o sudden_a a_o change_n in_o like_a manner_n those_o that_o do_v labour_n of_o the_o ophthalmia_n or_o inflammation_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v less_o the_o great_a light_n extinguish_v the_o less_o offend_v with_o the_o
the_o primarie_a use_n for_o taste_v of_o the_o speech_n of_o the_o taste_n which_o use_v of_o the_o tongue_n be_v common_a to_o man_n and_o beast_n to_o distinguish_v between_o all_o the_o variety_n of_o sapour_n wherefore_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 11._o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_n animalium_fw-la say_v there_o be_v in_o the_o mouth_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o tongue_n which_o be_v the_o sensator_fw-la of_o taste_n the_o taste_n which_o the_o tongue_n have_v it_o receyve_v especial_o from_o the_o coat_n which_o invest_v the_o mouth_n and_o particular_o from_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o cover_v the_o tongue_n for_o whilst_o we_o chew_v our_o meat_n the_o tongue_n roll_v itself_o on_o every_o side_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o appli_v itself_o to_o the_o viand_n to_o take_v a_o say_v or_o taste_v of_o they_o moreover_o because_o we_o can_v thrust_v or_o lill_z out_o our_o tongue_n we_o be_v able_a to_o discern_v of_o the_o sapour_n of_o those_o thing_n also_o which_o be_v without_o the_o mouth_n if_o the_o tongue_n do_v but_o touch_v they_o especial_o with_o the_o very_a tip_n for_o there_o say_v aristotle_n the_o taste_n be_v most_o quick_a in_o the_o 27_o tongue_n the_o tip_n of_o the_o tongue_n chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr partibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la and_o therefore_o say_v he_o in_o fish_n only_o the_o very_a tip_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v loose_a the_o rest_n be_v fasten_v down_o unto_o the_o sole_a of_o the_o mouth_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o the_o tongue_n in_o the_o voice_n hypocrates_n have_v make_v mention_n in_o speech_n for_o speech_n his_o book_n de_fw-fr carnibus_fw-la as_o also_o aristotle_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la for_o it_o be_v the_o very_a organ_n of_o articulation_n so_o we_o say_v before_o that_o those_o bird_n which_o have_v broad_a tongue_n may_v easy_a be_v teach_v to_o prattle_v as_o we_o see_v in_o parrot_n euripides_n therefore_o call_v the_o tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o messenger_n of_o the_o speech_n and_o therefore_o a_o man_n tongue_n which_o be_v the_o best_a proportion_a and_o most_o at_o liberty_n attain_v to_o the_o great_a perfection_n in_o the_o delivery_n and_o variety_n of_o the_o voice_n for_o although_o a_o parrot_n a_o stare_v and_o such_o like_a bird_n can_v moderate_v their_o tongue_n to_o a_o kind_n of_o feign_a distinction_n of_o sound_n yet_o in_o man_n the_o sound_n be_v more_o express_a and_o better_o articulate_v beside_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o his_o brain_n a_o man_n tongue_n the_o messenger_n of_o the_o brain_n book_n of_o the_o epilepsy_n the_o tongue_n of_o a_o man_n be_v the_o messenger_n of_o the_o brain_n that_o be_v as_o bauhine_v well_o enterprete_v it_o of_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o will_n but_o in_o other_o creature_n it_o deliver_v only_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n which_o galen_n call_v rationem_fw-la delight_n scentem_fw-la a_o silent_a shadow_n of_o reason_n which_o he_o attribute_v to_o all_o creature_n devoyde_a of_o reason_n so_o we_o see_v even_o in_o the_o tongue_n of_o a_o man_n sometime_o it_o express_v only_o those_o thing_n that_o fall_v under_o the_o sense_n as_o when_o we_o cry_v for_o pain_n or_o for_o food_n and_o succour_n sometime_o those_o thing_n that_o fall_v under_o our_o understanding_n as_o in_o discourse_n the_o secondary_a use_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v for_o mastication_n or_o chew_v or_o break_v of_o the_o meat_n and_o for_o diglutition_n or_o swallow_v chew_v the_o secondary_a use_n chew_v by_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o tongue_n those_o creature_n that_o want_v tooth_n do_v swallow_v their_o meat_n whole_a as_o bird_n and_o those_o that_o have_v tooth_n do_v with_o their_o tongue_n move_v their_o viand_n unto_o their_o tooth_n whereby_o they_o be_v mitigate_v and_o break_v and_o so_o receyve_v in_o the_o mouth_n a_o good_a preparation_n for_o the_o stomach_n which_o otherwise_o will_v not_o nor_o can_v not_o so_o easy_o concoct_v they_o for_o shred_n meat_n be_v more_o easile_a boil_a then_o a_o whole_a joint_n again_o the_o tongue_n help_v the_o diglutition_n by_o turn_v the_o meat_n over_o it_o towards_o the_o gullet_n by_o the_o tongue_n also_o we_o can_v lick_v and_o whistle_v or_o vary_v the_o sound_n of_o any_o swallow_v swallow_v fife_n or_o pipe_n or_o such_o like_a all_o these_o good_a office_n the_o tongue_n do_v in_o a_o man_n in_o other_o creature_n but_o one_o or_o at_o least_o not_o all_o for_o in_o the_o perfection_n of_o creature_n say_v galen_n in_o the_o fifte_a chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr semine_fw-la nature_n proceed_v by_o degree_n creature_n degree_n of_o perfection_n in_o creature_n from_o a_o plant._n the_o first_o degree_n be_v of_o those_o creature_n which_o have_v only_o the_o sense_n of_o touch_v more_o perfect_o be_v those_o that_o taste_v yet_o more_o that_o smell_v than_o those_o that_o hear_v and_o final_o she_o add_v the_o sense_n of_o see_v which_o be_v the_o utmost_a perfection_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n the_o muscle_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v assistant_n unto_o it_o in_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o his_o function_n tongue_n the_o muscle_n of_o the_o tongue_n of_o speak_v taste_v and_o roll_v of_o the_o meat_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o muscle_n belong_v unto_o it_o which_o we_o may_v call_v locutorij_fw-la gustatorij_fw-la and_o cibi_fw-la revolutores_fw-la the_o speak_v the_o taste_v and_o the_o roll_v muscle_n table_n 14._o figure_n 1._o and_o 2._o show_v the_o tongue_n cut_v from_o the_o body_n and_o the_o muscle_n thereof_o in_o the_o first_o the_o right_a side_n of_o it_o &_o in_o the_o second_o his_o muscle_n somewhat_o uncover_v figure_n 3._o stew_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tongue_n divide_v according_a to_o the_o length_n of_o it_o and_o his_o ligament_n tabula_fw-la xiiii_o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o fig_n iii_o tab._n 14._o figure_n 1._o show_v the_o larynx_n have_v the_o shield_n gristle_n cut_v into_o two_o part_n but_o one_o part_n of_o it_o together_o with_o the_o epiglottis_fw-la be_v invert_v as_o by_o the_o letter_n may_v be_v perceive_v figure_n 2._o exhibit_v the_o larynx_n show_v the_o glottis_fw-la fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o the_o second_o figure_n the_o chief_a use_n of_o it_o in_o man_n be_v speech_n the_o chief_a use_n in_o beast_n be_v taste_v because_o they_o want_v hand_n to_o gather_v and_o apply_v their_o meat_n unto_o their_o mouth_n as_o man_n have_v but_o both_o man_n and_o beast_n when_o their_o meat_n be_v in_o their_o mouth_n do_v roll_v it_o with_o their_o tongue_n or_o turn_v it_o over_o into_o their_o gullet_n the_o tongue_n must_v therefore_o be_v mooveable_a &_o have_v muscle_n which_o muscle_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n some_o common_a other_o proper_a those_o be_v account_v common_a muscle_n which_o belong_v unto_o the_o bone_n hyois_fw-fr and_o those_o proper_a which_o have_v their_o original_n from_o other_o where_o and_o do_v determine_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n &_o they_o be_v account_v sieve_n pair_n call_v styloglossi_n tab._n 14._o fig._n 1_o 2._o f_o myloglossi_n tab._n 14._o fig._n 1_o 2._o g_o pair_n five_o pair_n geneoglossi_n tab._n 14._o fig._n 1_o 2._o h_o basiglossi_n or_o ypsiglossi_fw-la ta._n 14._o fig._n 1_o 2._o do_v &_o ceratoglossi_fw-la tab._n 14._o fig._n 1._o 2._o l_o but_o of_o these_o we_o shall_v entreat_v particular_o in_o the_o book_n of_o muscle_n here_o it_o be_v enough_o to_o have_v point_v they_o out_o these_o muscle_n be_v remoove_v at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n there_o appear_v a_o kind_n of_o tongue_n the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n flesh_n make_v of_o many_o glandule_n and_o fat_a mix_v together_o which_o say_v archangelus_n do_v not_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o a_o muscle_n so_o say_v also_o columbus_n yet_o he_o reckon_v it_o for_o the_o 11._o muscle_n because_o the_o anatomist_n before_o he_o account_v it_o for_o a_o muscle_n but_o a_o muscle_n be_v not_o make_v of_o glandule_n but_o of_o fleshy_a fibre_n this_o heap_n of_o glandule_n table_n 14._o figur_n 1._o 2._o h_o grow_v too_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n that_o it_o may_v continual_o be_v moisten_v for_o without_o moisture_n there_o can_v be_v no_o gustation_n so_o kernel_n the_o use_n of_o the_o kernel_n in_o the_o stomach_n there_o can_v be_v no_o concoction_n without_o elixation_n or_o boil_a wherefore_o nature_n join_v to_o the_o stomach_n the_o pancreas_n or_o sweetebread_n a_o glandulous_a body_n that_o from_o thence_o may_v continual_o steam_n moist_a vapour_n that_o so_o the_o concoction_n of_o the_o stomach_n may_v be_v make_v by_o elixation_n or_o boil_a beside_o the_o moisture_n which_o the_o tongue_n receive_v from_o these_o glandule_n make_v it_o more_o glib_a and_o easy_o to_o
be_v move_v for_o if_o it_o be_v dry_v it_o will_v not_o move_v so_o ready_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o those_o that_o be_v very_o dry_a &_o in_o hot_a burn_a ague_n when_o the_o humour_n or_o moisture_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v exhaust_v beside_o the_o glandule_n the_o almond_n also_o of_o the_o throat_n as_o we_o remember_v before_o do_v continual_o moisten_v the_o tongue_n and_o help_v his_o motion_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o tongue_n chap._n xxxiii_o of_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v we_o say_v before_o that_o there_o be_v three_o thing_n require_v in_o every_o sense_n the_o instrument_n the_o medium_fw-la and_o the_o object_n which_o three_o we_o will_v show_v in_o this_o four_o sense_n of_o taste_v as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v gather_v out_o of_o anatomy_n the_o physician_n follow_v galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr instrumento_fw-la odoratus_fw-la and_o in_o taste_v the_o instrument_n of_o taste_v the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-la placitis_fw-la do_v determine_v that_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o taste_n be_v the_o tongue_n and_o that_o it_o be_v affect_v to_o sapour_n as_o the_o eye_n be_v to_o colour_n but_o as_o in_o the_o eye_n there_o be_v one_o particle_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o most_o principal_a instrument_n of_o see_v the_o other_o but_o assistant_n so_o in_o the_o tongue_n there_o be_v one_o similar_v part_n which_o be_v the_o most_o principal_a instrument_n of_o taste_v and_o that_o be_v the_o rare_a and_o lax_n substance_n thereof_o which_o be_v therefore_o rare_a &_o spungy_a that_o it_o may_v be_v better_o steep_v with_o the_o moisture_n wherein_o the_o sapour_n be_v convey_v the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v but_o helper_n and_o handmaid_n all_o contribute_v unto_o the_o principal_a part_n this_o substance_n call_v it_o flesh_n or_o pulp_v or_o what_o you_o will_v particle_n the_o principal_a particle_n because_o it_o be_v make_v to_o receive_v all_o sapour_n be_v to_o be_v devoyde_a of_o all_o sapor_n that_o be_v insipe_v or_o have_v no_o taste_n at_o all_o as_o we_o usual_o speak_v and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o any_o man_n may_v perceive_v if_o he_o eat_v of_o the_o tongue_n of_o any_o beast_n boil_a fresh_a and_o without_o any_o sauce_n the_o matter_n wherein_o the_o form_n of_o sapour_n do_v consist_v which_o we_o call_v natura_fw-la subiecta_fw-la consist_v the_o matter_n in_o which_o taste_n do_v consist_v be_v moist_a for_o without_o moisture_n say_v the_o philosopher_n in_o the_o 10._o chapter_n of_o his_o 2._o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la nothing_o can_v make_v a_o impression_n of_o a_o sapot_n and_o every_o thing_n that_o make_v this_o kind_n of_o sensation_n or_o move_v this_o sense_n have_v humidity_n in_o it_o either_o actu_fw-la or_o potentia_fw-la that_o be_v either_o actual_o and_o real_o or_o in_o possibility_n and_o by_o how_o much_o a_o thing_n be_v the_o moist_a by_o so_o much_o be_v it_o the_o more_o savoury_a because_o all_o thing_n when_o they_o be_v moist_a do_v make_v a_o better_a impression_n of_o their_o savour_n then_o when_o they_o be_v hard_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v hard_a as_o pepper_n and_o such_o like_a do_v not_o make_v show_n of_o the_o gustile_a quality_n unless_o their_o upper_a &_o superficial_a part_n do_v give_v or_o melt_v or_o be_v moisten_v the_o sweetness_n of_o sugar_n we_o taste_v better_o when_o it_o be_v melt_v and_o a_o corn_n of_o salt_n will_v strike_v the_o sense_n much_o more_o after_o it_o be_v dissolve_v then_o before_o a_o infusion_n of_o rheubarbe_n be_v much_o bitter_a than_o a_o piece_n rheubarbe_n hold_v in_o a_o man_n mouth_n see_v then_o that_o sapour_n be_v not_o perceive_v but_o as_o they_o communicate_v their_o quality_n to_o moist_a substance_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o instrument_n of_o this_o sense_n must_v neither_o be_v actual_o moist_a neither_o yet_o of_o such_o a_o substance_n as_o can_v be_v moisten_a but_o it_o must_v be_v potential_o moist_a and_o actual_o moisten_a yet_o so_o that_o when_o it_o be_v moisten_a the_o nature_n of_o it_o must_v be_v preserve_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o tongue_n be_v either_o too_o dry_a or_o too_o moist_a it_o do_v not_o taste_v well_o for_o example_n if_o a_o man_n taste_v of_o any_o sharp_a or_o vehement_a thing_n as_o pepper_n and_o then_o present_o bitter_a why_o sick_a follâ—_n think_v all_o thing_n bitter_a taste_v of_o a_o other_o thing_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o judge_v well_o of_o the_o latter_a the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o tongue_n be_v already_o possess_v and_o forestale_v or_o take_v up_o with_o the_o former_a sharp_a humour_n so_o likewise_o we_o see_v that_o those_o that_o be_v sick_a think_v all_o thing_n bitter_a the_o reason_n be_v because_o their_o tongue_n be_v moisten_a with_o a_o bitter_a ivice_n the_o tongue_n therefore_o be_v make_v of_o a_o earthy_a and_o dry_a substance_n for_o albeit_o because_o of_o the_o softness_n it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v moist_a yet_o this_o moisture_n be_v not_o innate_a but_o a_o acquire_v moisture_n distil_v perpetual_o out_o of_o the_o brain_n which_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o the_o tongue_n as_o water_n do_v into_o a_o sponge_n that_o this_o be_v so_o it_o be_v evident_a for_o if_o the_o distilation_n out_o of_o the_o head_n be_v stay_v the_o tongue_n be_v present_o exiccate_v yea_o so_o parch_v by_o hot_a vapour_n elevate_v from_o the_o liver_n the_o stomach_n and_o the_o lung_n that_o it_o become_v rough_a yea_o in_o ague_n it_o cleave_v or_o chop_v and_o the_o mark_n or_o scar_n of_o those_o fissure_v remain_v many_o year_n to_o be_v see_v which_o thing_n say_v bauhine_v i_o have_v experience_n of_o in_o myself_o for_o 17._o year_n since_o i_o have_v a_o ague_n and_o my_o tongue_n cleave_v or_o chap_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o yet_o the_o mark_n of_o it_o be_v galen_n bauhine_v of_o himself_o galen_n manifest_o to_o be_v see_v galen_n therefore_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la and_o in_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n of_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la have_v true_o teach_v we_o that_o the_o instrument_n of_o taste_v be_v make_v of_o a_o moist_a substance_n where_o he_o intend_v to_o diliver_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o instrument_n which_o be_v most_o appropriate_a to_o the_o particular_a sense_n for_o if_o the_o tongue_n be_v too_o much_o exiccate_v the_o perceivance_n or_o knowledge_n of_o sapour_n must_v needs_o perish_v and_o therefore_o nature_n set_v the_o almond_n near_o the_o tongue_n lest_o the_o air_n that_o be_v continual_o draw_v and_o let_v out_o by_o inspiration_n and_o expiration_n shall_v dry_v it_o too_o much_o and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o instrument_n taste_n the_o medium_fw-la of_o the_o taste_n the_o medium_fw-la of_o this_o sense_n we_o take_v to_o be_v the_o coat_n of_o the_o tongue_n as_o the_o cuticle_n or_o scarfe-skinne_n be_v the_o medium_n of_o the_o touch._n for_o say_v the_o philosopher_n in_o the_o 114._o text_n of_o the_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la all_o thing_n that_o apprehend_v by_o any_o sensation_n we_o apprehend_v by_o a_o medium_fw-la there_o be_v no_o sensation_n make_v by_o the_o immediate_a contaction_n of_o the_o instrument_n and_o the_o object_n although_o afterward_o in_o the_o 10._o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n not_o so_o well_o advise_v he_o deny_v that_o either_o the_o taste_n or_o the_o touch_n have_v any_o medium_fw-la to_o which_o place_n we_o refer_v he_o that_o be_v desirous_a to_o know_v his_o reason_n the_o object_n of_o the_o taste_n be_v all_o thing_n that_o have_v any_o sapour_fw-la or_o gustable_a quality_n in_o object_n the_o object_n they_o but_o the_o quality_n of_o gustable_a thing_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n some_o proper_o belong_v to_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v as_o sapour_n for_o as_o the_o object_n of_o the_o sight_n be_v colour_n so_o the_o object_n of_o the_o taste_n be_v sapor_n yet_o nothing_o that_o be_v without_o moisture_n exhibit_v any_o sapor_n to_o the_o sense_n other_o be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o sense_n as_o the_o magnitude_n of_o that_o which_o be_v gustable_a the_o number_n the_o situation_n etc._n etc._n wherefore_o we_o say_v that_o the_o tongue_n do_v taste_v the_o sapor_n of_o wine_n not_o the_o wine_n yet_o from_o this_o sapour_fw-la the_o soul_n gather_v that_o it_o be_v wine_n which_o we_o taste_v for_o wine_n as_o it_o be_v wine_n and_o sugar_n as_o it_o be_v sugar_n be_v not_o the_o object_n of_o the_o faculty_n of_o gustation_n but_o as_o they_o be_v endow_v with_o sapour_n or_o gustable_a quality_n the_o soul_n indeed_o by_o discourse_n of_o reason_n distinguish_v between_o a_o sharp_a taste_n and_o a_o bitter_a but_o it_o be_v by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v when_o the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o
hard_a body_n that_o may_v always_o stand_v open_a for_o egress_n and_o ingress_n of_o the_o air_n for_o say_v galen_n if_o it_o have_v be_v make_v of_o flesh_n or_o a_o membrane_n the_o hole_n of_o it_o will_v have_v fall_v and_o the_o passage_n shall_v not_o have_v be_v so_o free_a for_o the_o breath_n and_o so_o the_o body_n have_v be_v deprive_v not_o of_o voice_n only_o but_o of_o life_n also_o because_o the_o respiration_n will_v have_v be_v intercept_v if_o it_o have_v be_v bony_a the_o hardness_n thereof_o will_v have_v press_v upon_o the_o gullet_n and_o so_o have_v hinder_v diglutition_n or_o swallow_a beside_o the_o very_a weight_n will_v have_v draw_v down_o bony_a why_o not_o bony_a the_o tongue_n and_o the_o bone_n hyois_fw-fr and_o hinder_v their_o action_n it_o will_v have_v need_v great_a muscle_n to_o have_v move_v so_o heavy_a a_o body_n which_o must_v have_v take_v up_o a_o great_a place_n than_o in_o so_o narrow_a a_o room_n can_v be_v allot_v to_o they_o and_o if_o the_o bone_n have_v be_v so_o fine_a and_o thin_a that_o all_o these_o inconvenience_n have_v be_v prevent_v than_o it_o will_v have_v easy_o be_v break_v be_v place_v outward_a for_o bone_n will_v not_o yield_v as_o gristle_n do_v i_o know_v well_o that_o columbus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v bony_a in_o grow_v man_n which_o he_o avouch_v upon_o his_o own_o dissection_n of_o innumerable_a body_n those_o be_v his_o word_n although_o bony_a columbus_n opinion_n that_o it_o be_v bony_a he_o confess_v that_o in_o young_a child_n it_o be_v gryst_o as_o not_o have_v attain_v his_o hardness_n and_o solidity_n one_o argument_n also_o he_o add_v which_o be_v that_o the_o substance_n be_v medullous_a or_o marrowy_a as_o he_o have_v often_o find_v in_o which_o one_o thing_n bone_n differ_v from_o grystle_n he_o also_o reprehend_v galen_n for_o cut_v up_o ape_n and_o not_o observe_v that_o their_o throtle_n be_v bony_a and_o vesalius_n for_o show_v the_o throtles_a of_o beast_n in_o his_o public_a dissection_n but_o fallopius_n who_o we_o esteem_v the_o more_o oculate_a anatomist_n say_v that_o sometime_o he_o have_v find_v the_o first_o and_o second_o grystle_n bony_a in_o very_o old_a man_n yea_o sometime_o before_o extreme_a old_a age_n but_o the_o three_o and_o the_o four_o grystle_n say_v he_o i_o never_o see_v bony_a neither_o can_v i_o approve_v of_o their_o opinion_n that_o think_v the_o larynx_n be_v bony_a and_o not_o gryst_o unless_o it_o be_v imperfect_a because_o nature_n intend_v it_o to_o be_v bony_a for_o say_v fallopius_n if_o this_o be_v so_o than_o we_o must_v confess_v fallopius_n disprove_v by_o fallopius_n that_o no_o man_n have_v the_o instrument_n of_o his_o voice_n perfect_a till_o he_o come_v to_o be_v old_a or_o strike_v in_o year_n which_o must_v not_o be_v grant_v of_o the_o same_o mind_n also_o be_v laurentius_n bauhine_n proceed_v further_a to_o prove_v it_o gryst_o on_o this_o manner_n it_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o the_o voice_n and_o therefore_o there_o must_v be_v a_o proportion_n between_o the_o air_n that_o be_v beat_v &_o grist_o otherreason_n why_o it_o must_v be_v grist_o the_o body_n which_o beat_v it_o that_o so_o it_o may_v resound_v for_o the_o form_n of_o the_o voice_n for_o the_o voice_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o percussion_n of_o the_o air_n and_o although_o sound_n do_v arise_v from_o hard_a body_n not_o from_o soft_a as_o a_o sponge_n a_o lock_n of_o wool_n or_o such_o like_a for_o that_o the_o air_n be_v not_o break_v unless_o it_o light_v against_o a_o solid_a hard_a and_o smooth_a body_n yet_o it_o must_v not_o be_v perfect_o hard_a for_o such_o a_o one_o do_v not_o ready_o cut_v the_o air_n but_o overturn_v it_o nor_o too_o soft_a for_o than_o it_o yield_v and_o make_v no_o resistance_n and_o therefore_o can_v make_v any_o sound_n such_o a_o body_n therefore_o which_o yield_v moderate_o and_o beat_v the_o air_n gentle_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o voice_n now_o such_o a_o body_n be_v a_o gristle_n final_o it_o be_v make_v grist_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n of_o the_o dissection_n of_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o voice_n that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o fit_a foundation_n for_o the_o other_o part_n whereof_o the_o larynx_n be_v compound_v and_o that_o the_o muscle_n may_v better_a arise_v therefrom_o and_o be_v implant_v thereinto_o but_o it_o be_v not_o fit_v it_o shall_v be_v make_v of_o one_o entire_a gristle_n without_o any_o articulation_n &_o gristle_n not_o of_o one_o gristle_n so_o immovable_a for_o than_o it_o can_v not_o have_v be_v either_o shut_v or_o open_v dilate_a or_o contract_v it_o be_v therefore_o make_v of_o many_o annex_v one_o to_o another_o and_o have_v motion_n not_o natural_a such_o as_o be_v in_o the_o artery_n but_o voluntary_o depend_v upon_o the_o will_n for_o the_o chief_a use_n of_o it_o be_v in_o inspiration_n and_o exspiration_n it_o be_v meet_v we_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o moderate_v it_o at_o ourpleasure_n add_v hereto_o that_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o the_o voice_n to_o admit_v or_o expel_v our_o breath_n it_o be_v more_o than_o necessary_a we_o shall_v have_v a_o voluntary_a command_n over_o it_o to_o this_o purpose_n nature_n also_o furnish_v it_o with_o muscle_n and_o they_o with_o nerve_n for_o motion_n vein_n for_o nourishment_n artery_n for_o life_n and_o membrane_n for_o their_o strength_n she_o add_v also_o glandule_n to_o keep_v they_o all_o moist_a it_o be_v make_v of_o 3._o gristle_n say_v galen_n we_o say_v 4_o so_o do_v fallopius_n &_o diverse_a other_o for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o larynx_n they_o be_v double_a that_o be_v whereby_o it_o be_v dilate_v and_o constringe_v shut_v &_o gristle_n the_o number_n of_o the_o gristle_n open_v and_o therefore_o there_o be_v need_v but_o of_o two_o articulation_n each_o of_o which_o serve_v each_o motion_n so_o that_o the_o dilatation_n and_o constriction_n be_v make_v by_o that_o articulation_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o first_o gristle_n and_o the_o second_o the_o open_n and_o shut_v by_o that_o which_o be_v between_o the_o second_o and_o the_o three_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o larinx_n be_v either_o common_a or_o proper_a the_o common_a muscle_n be_v six_o that_o be_v three_o pair_n the_o first_o pair_n be_v call_v bronchij_fw-la tab._n 15._o fig._n 7._o xx_o because_o they_o muscle_n the_o muscle_n cleave_v to_o the_o rough_a artery_n the_o second_o pair_n be_v call_v hyoetdet_n or_o rather_o hyothyrocidei_n tab._n 15._o fig._n 3._o h._n the_o three_o pair_n be_v call_v oesophagei_n tab._n 15._o fig._n 7._o will_v the_o proper_a muscle_n be_v ten_o or_o five_o pair_n of_o which_o six_o do_v dilate_v and_o four_o do_v constringe_v some_o of_o these_o be_v place_v forward_o some_o backward_o some_o without_o some_z within_z table_n 15._o figure_n 3._o show_v some_o muscle_n of_o the_o larynx_n with_o a_o part_n of_o the_o nerve_n figure_n 4._o show_v all_o the_o proper_a muscle_n the_o clefte_a the_o fpiglottis_fw-la or_o after-tengue_a and_o the_o gristle_n figure_n 5._o show_v the_o back_n part_n of_o the_o larynxe_n with_o the_o muscle_n separate_v the_o gristle_n and_o the_o epiglottis_fw-la figure_n 6._o the_o foreside_n of_o the_o larynx_n with_o some_o muscle_n figure_n 7._o the_o transuerse_a muscle_n of_o the_o gullet_n also_o two_o common_a muscle_n together_o with_o the_o recurrent_a nerve_n tabula_n xv._o fig_n iii_o fig_n iv_o fig_n v._o fig_n vi_o fig_n vii_o the_o first_o pair_n we_o call_v the_o forward_a crycothyroidei_n tab._n 15._o fig._n 4_o s_z but_o in_o the_o sixth_o figure_n the_o one_o be_v separate_v the_o other_o remain_v in_o his_o proper_a seat_n the_o second_o pair_n we_o call_v the_o backward_a crycoarthenoidei_n tab._n 15._o fig._n 5_o i_o the_o three_o pair_n be_v call_v the_o lateral_a crycoarthenoidei_fw-la tab._n 15._o figure_n 4_o r_o the_o four_o pair_n be_v call_v the_o internal_a thyroidei_n or_o thyroarythenoidei_fw-la table_n 15._o fig._n 4._o c_o the_o five_o pair_n be_v call_v arytenoidei_fw-la tab._n 15._o fig._n 4_o and_o 5._o g_o the_o large_a description_n and_o use_n of_o these_o muscle_n look_v for_o in_o the_o book_n of_o muscle_n we_o will_v come_v to_o the_o gristle_n of_o the_o larynx_n which_o we_o will_v handle_v particular_o in_o this_o place_n because_o they_o make_v this_o notable_a instrument_n of_o the_o voice_n and_o touch_v they_o but_o by_o the_o way_n in_o the_o discourse_n of_o gristle_n the_o larynx_n therefore_o consist_v of_o three_o gristle_n say_v the_o ancient_n of_o four_o say_v many_o of_o the_o latter_a anatomist_n and_o we_o may_v so_o esteem_v they_o one_o call_v thyroide_n the_o other_o call_v crycoeides_n and_o the_o three_o arytenoide_v which_o be_v double_a these_o gristle_n
esteem_v this_o the_o fountain_n of_o all_o art_n and_o science_n and_o sure_o if_o any_o man_n set_v aside_o the_o assurance_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o sense_n shall_v seek_v for_o the_o ground_n and_o evidence_n of_o art_n and_o other_o object_n elsewhere_o then_o from_o the_o sense_n he_o shall_v not_o only_o entertain_v into_o his_o mind_n a_o dissolute_a and_o vain_a confusion_n toss_v hither_o and_o sense_n all_o art_n have_v their_o beginning_n from_o sense_n thither_o without_o any_o steadfastness_n but_o also_o call_v in_o question_n the_o most_o sure_a foundation_n of_o nature_n shall_v cast_v himself_o headlong_o into_o a_o dungeonof_n perpetual_a and_o intricate_a obscurity_n quid_fw-la referemus_fw-la enim_fw-la quod_fw-la nobis_fw-la certius_fw-la ipsis_fw-la sensibus_fw-la esse_fw-la potest_fw-la quo_fw-la vera_fw-la et_fw-la falsa_fw-la notamus_fw-la for_o what_o more_o certain_a evidence_n of_o thing_n can_v be_v obtain_v then_o that_o which_o true_a or_o false_a we_o judge_v by_o outward_a sense_n unstayned_a whence_o shall_v he_o have_v the_o ground_n of_o demonstration_n which_o endeavour_v to_o derogate_v from_o the_o credit_n which_o be_v due_a unto_o the_o sense_n which_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o science_n for_o demonstration_n be_v from_o universal_a thing_n and_o such_o universals_z do_v arise_v and_o spring_v out_o sense_n demonstration_n from_o sense_n of_o singular_n but_o the_o external_a sense_n do_v perceive_v all_o singular_a thing_n now_o there_o be_v none_o so_o ignorant_a which_o do_v not_o see_v what_o will_v follow_v hence_o the_o same_o thing_n lucretius_n confirm_v in_o these_o verse_n inuenies_fw-la primis_fw-la a_o sensibus_fw-la esse_fw-la creatam_fw-la notitiam_fw-la very_fw-la nec_fw-la sensus_fw-la posse_fw-la refelli_fw-la quinisi_fw-la sunt_fw-la very_fw-la ratio_fw-la quoque_fw-la falsa_fw-la sit_fw-la omnis_fw-la the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o truth_n who_o seek_v must_v hold_v from_o outward_a sense_n first_o to_o have_v proceed_v those_o demonstration_n can_v be_v control_v or_o can_v they_o reason_n self_n shall_v be_v deceive_v hence_o it_o be_v say_v aristotle_n that_o such_o man_n be_v unfit_a for_o some_o art_n and_o science_n to_o who_o nature_n have_v from_o their_o birth_n deny_v any_o of_o these_o sense_n whosoever_o therefore_o do_v not_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o infallible_a credit_n of_o the_o sense_n be_v worthy_a with_o anaxagoras_n who_o call_v into_o question_n the_o whiteness_n of_o the_o snow_n as_o aristotle_n remember_v of_o he_o to_o be_v give_v over_o unto_o the_o doubtful_a and_o suspend_v uncertainty_n of_o the_o pirrhonij_n or_o sceptic_n &_o to_o wait_v till_o the_o thing_n themselves_o shall_v tell_v he_o what_o their_o several_a nature_n be_v but_o we_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n admire_v this_o majesty_n &_o certainty_n of_o the_o sense_n will_v make_v entrance_n into_o so_o fair_a &_o pleasant_a a_o field_n of_o discourse_n and_o handle_v every_o one_o of_o they_o in_o particular_a begin_v with_o the_o sense_n of_o touch_v which_o as_o it_o be_v more_o common_a touch_v the_o dignity_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o touch_v than_o the_o rest_n so_o without_o doubt_n deserve_v the_o first_o place_n for_o this_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o do_v consist_v in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o moderation_n and_o temperament_n of_o the_o four_o primarie_a quality_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o aristotle_n and_o with_o he_o all_o other_o philosopher_n have_v judge_v this_o sense_n worthy_a that_o honour_n to_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o by_o a_o certain_a eminency_n or_o excellency_n without_o add_v thereto_o any_o epithet_n the_o sense_n as_o if_o they_o shall_v have_v say_v the_o only_a sense_n of_o all_o sense_n and_o that_o not_o unworthy_o see_v as_o the_o same_o aristotle_n affirm_v every_o sense_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o touch_v as_o whereof_o the_o whole_a company_n and_o set_v of_o the_o other_o sense_n do_v stand_v in_o need_n for_o the_o better_a perception_n of_o their_o object_n as_o for_o example_n the_o taste_n never_o shall_v discern_v of_o sapour_n except_o the_o gustible_a touch_v no_o sense_n without_o touch_v matter_n be_v touch_v by_o the_o spongy_a body_n or_o pulp_n of_o the_o tongue_n neither_o can_v the_o organ_n of_o smell_v receive_v any_o odour_n unless_o the_o perfume_n of_o odoriferous_a thing_n shall_v touch_v the_o same_o the_o same_o be_v we_o to_o think_v of_o the_o other_o sense_n to_o which_o in_o like_a manner_n be_v require_v though_o not_o a_o mathematical_a yet_o a_o physical_a touch_v what_o need_v we_o add_v more_o it_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o touch_v which_o perfect_v the_o operation_n of_o all_o the_o other_o sense_n and_o yet_o itself_o need_v not_o the_o help_n of_o any_o yet_o this_o i_o add_v moreover_o that_o this_o sense_n be_v capable_a of_o the_o nature_n of_o many_o more_o contrary_n than_o the_o other_o sense_n for_o it_o judge_v of_o heat_n and_o cold_a moist_a and_o dry_a soft_a and_o hard_a light_a and_o heavy_a slender_n and_o grosse_n rare_a and_o dense_n smooth_a and_o rough_a and_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o that_o kind_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o sight_n do_v perceive_v nothing_o but_o white_a and_o black_a for_o red_a yellow_a skycoloured_a and_o other_o such_o like_a be_v not_o contrary_a but_o intermediate_v colour_n and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n that_o i_o may_v also_o light_o pass_v by_o this_o that_o all_o other_o sense_n be_v restrain_v within_o some_o small_a organ_n about_o the_o brain_n but_o the_o touch_v be_v diffuse_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n these_o argument_n do_v sufficient_o commend_v the_o pre-eminence_n of_o this_o sense_n of_o touch_v yet_o if_o â—ou_fw-mi please_v to_o attend_v and_o more_o accurate_o consider_v these_o which_o follow_v you_o shall_v see_v the_o majesty_n thereof_o to_o shine_v more_o plain_o unto_o you_o for_o first_o it_o be_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o touch_v that_o we_o be_v conceive_v and_o form_v in_o the_o fertile_a garden_n of_o our_o mother_n womb_n for_o 〈◊〉_d wise_a and_o provident_a nature_n aim_v at_o eternity_n have_v endue_v the_o part_n of_o generation_n with_o a_o most_o exquisite_a sense_n of_o touch_v for_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o species_n or_o kind_n of_o creature_n so_o that_o the_o creature_n be_v ravish_v with_o a_o incredible_a kind_n of_o pleasure_n do_v more_o ready_o apply_v themselves_o to_o venereal_a embracement_n otherwise_o a_o thing_n filthy_a and_o abominable_a and_o endeavour_v the_o procreation_n of_o their_o own_o kind_n when_o the_o infant_n in_o the_o womb_n yet_o live_v only_o a_o vegetative_a life_n he_o be_v first_o of_o all_o endue_v with_o the_o sense_n sense_n the_o touch_n 〈◊〉_d first_o exist_v of_o all_o sense_n of_o touch_v whereby_o he_o be_v cherish_v nourish_v and_o increase_v and_o be_v at_o length_n perfect_v for_o so_o long_o as_o he_o be_v in_o the_o 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any_o creature_n shall_v want_v this_o sense_n neither_o if_o he_o bâ—e_v a_o creature_n be_v it_o of_o absolute_a necessity_n that_o he_o have_v any_o sense_n beside_o this_o as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v that_o this_o sense_n be_v of_o the_o very_a essence_n of_o the_o creature_n and_o therefore_o other_o sensible_a object_n by_o their_o immoderate_a extreme_n do_v only_o corrupt_v their_o proper_a organ_n but_o the_o excessive_a quality_n of_o tactile_a thing_n do_v take_v away_o the_o life_n itself_o again_o thing_n even_o without_o life_n can_v subsist_v without_o touch_v as_o aristotle_n say_v who_o touch._n plant_n can_v be_v without_o touch._n think_v that_o neither_o action_n nor_o passion_n nor_o any_o mixtion_n can_v be_v without_o touch_n and_o therefore_o neither_o can_v the_o mix_a body_n be_v without_o it_o for_o though_o these_o thing_n without_o life_n do_v draw_v their_o nourishment_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n yet_o they_o do_v it_o not_o indifferent_o and_o without_o choice_n of_o that_o which_o
other_o body_n and_o of_o this_o kind_n be_v the_o sound_n of_o those_o creature_n which_o we_o call_v insecta_fw-la and_o of_o most_o fish_n the_o sound_n that_o proceed_v from_o such_o organ_n as_o be_v not_o thereto_o by_o nature_n depute_v be_v also_o double_a first_o as_o when_o two_o creature_n or_o two_o hand_n do_v strike_v one_o against_o another_o the_o second_o when_o one_o body_n have_v life_n the_o other_o have_v none_o as_o when_o a_o man_n strike_v his_o hand_n upon_o a_o table_n furthermore_o the_o natural_a sound_n of_o body_n without_o life_n be_v that_o which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o first_o quality_n as_o that_o of_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o air_n of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o of_o these_o mix_v for_o example_n the_o thunder_a of_o air_n when_o it_o be_v conclude_v or_o shut_v up_o in_o water_n and_o violent_o break_v forth_o through_o a_o narrow_a outlet_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o natural_a sound_n i_o call_v that_o violent_a which_o be_v make_v by_o body_n beat_v one_o against_o another_o by_o a_o sound_n violent_a sound_n extrinsecall_n or_o outward_a principle_n all_o which_o may_v be_v nice_o part_v into_o several_a section_n if_o we_o do_v not_o think_v that_o any_o man_n may_v out_o of_o the_o order_n we_o have_v before_o insist_v upon_o frame_n unto_o himself_o a_o multitude_n of_o distinction_n or_o difference_n of_o sound_n qvest._n xli_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o hear_v concern_v the_o manner_n of_o hear_v the_o philosopher_n do_v diverse_o dissent_v in_o their_o opinion_n alcmaeon_n think_v that_o we_o do_v therefore_o hear_v because_o our_o ear_n be_v empty_a alcmaeon_n diverse_a opinion_n of_o hear_v alcmaeon_n and_o hollow_a within_o for_o all_o empty_a thing_n do_v make_v a_o resonance_n diogenes_n thought_n that_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o air_n within_o the_o brain_n and_o that_o this_o air_n be_v strike_v with_o the_o voice_n &_o this_o conceit_n be_v controvert_v in_o hypocrates_n time_n &_o therefore_o diogenes_n diogenes_n in_o his_o book_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o inveigh_v against_o it_o there_o be_v say_v he_o some_o which_o write_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n have_v affirm_v that_o the_o brain_n do_v make_v a_o sound_n which_o can_v be_v for_o the_o brain_n be_v humid_a and_o moist_a but_o no_o moist_a body_n can_v cause_v a_o sound_n plato_n write_v that_o hear_v be_v hypocrates_n hypocrates_n make_v by_o the_o pulsation_n and_o beat_n of_o a_o internal_a air_n but_o we_o pass_v by_o these_o slippery_a way_n of_o opinion_n will_v insist_v upon_o the_o true_a manner_n of_o plato_n plato_n hear_v and_o in_o a_o short_a and_o familiar_a discourse_n display_v the_o whole_a nature_n thereof_o for_o because_o the_o organ_n of_o hear_v be_v unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n and_o physician_n particular_o to_o aristotle_n and_o galen_n in_o who_o day_n anatomy_n be_v but_o in_o the_o infancy_n and_o therefore_o the_o many_o small_a and_o curious_a part_n of_o that_o organ_n not_o find_v out_o we_o can_v therefore_o collect_v the_o perfect_a nature_n of_o hear_v out_o of_o their_o writing_n and_o therefore_o in_o this_o disquisition_n we_o must_v trust_v more_o unto_o our_o own_o experience_n aristotle_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la say_v that_o three_o thing_n be_v require_v unto_o sense_n it_o how_o hear_v be_v make_v the_o object_n of_o it_o the_o object_n medium_n and_o instrument_n or_o organ_n the_o object_n of_o the_o hear_v be_v sound_a as_o colour_n be_v the_o object_n of_o the_o light_n but_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o sound_n we_o have_v entreat_v already_o as_o much_o as_o be_v necessary_a for_o this_o place_n only_o i_o will_v call_v to_o your_o remembrance_n by_o the_o way_n that_o a_o sound_n be_v a_o quality_n arise_v from_o the_o fraction_n and_o break_n of_o the_o air_n which_o be_v be_v what_o sound_n be_v make_v by_o the_o percussion_n of_o two_o hard_a and_o solid_a body_n for_o soft_a thing_n do_v easy_o yield_v neither_o do_v they_o resist_v the_o force_n of_o that_o which_o beat_v against_o they_o the_o medium_n or_o mean_a of_o hear_v be_v the_o external_a air_n for_o aristotle_n doubt_v whether_o it_o the_o medium_n of_o it_o the_o organ_n of_o it_o a_o voice_n can_v be_v hear_v in_o the_o water_n or_o no_o and_o yet_o he_o know_v very_o well_o that_o fish_n do_v hear_v who_o be_v ever_o present_a at_o the_o fish_n for_o mullet_n in_o the_o night_n the_o instrumtnt_n of_o the_o hear_v be_v not_o the_o external_a ear_n but_o the_o internal_a which_o consist_v of_o four_o cavity_n and_o many_o other_o particle_n unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n the_o manner_n therefore_o of_o hear_v be_v thus_o the_o external_a air_n be_v strike_v by_o two_o hard_a and_o solid_a body_n and_o affect_v with_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o sound_n do_v alter_v that_o air_n hear_v the_o manner_n of_o hear_v which_o adjoin_v next_o unto_o it_o and_o this_o air_n move_v the_o next_o to_o that_o until_o by_o this_o continuation_n and_o successive_a motion_n it_o arrive_v at_o the_o eare._n for_o even_o as_o if_o you_o cast_v a_o stone_n into_o a_o pond_n there_o will_v circle_n bubble_v up_o one_o overtaking_a and_o move_v another_o so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o percussion_n of_o the_o air_n there_o be_v as_o it_o be_v certain_a circle_n generate_v until_o by_o succession_n they_o attain_v unto_o the_o organ_n of_o hear_v avicen_n very_o witty_o call_v this_o continuation_n of_o the_o strike_a air_n undam_fw-la vocalem_fw-la a_o vocal_a wave_n but_o this_o kind_n of_o motion_n be_v not_o make_v in_o a_o moment_n but_o in_o succession_n of_o time_n whereupon_o it_o be_v that_o the_o sound_n be_v not_o present_o after_o the_o stroke_n hear_v from_o afar_o the_o air_n endow_v with_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o sound_n be_v through_o the_o auditory_a passage_n which_o outward_o be_v always_o open_a first_o strike_v against_o the_o most_o dry_a and_o sound_a membrane_n which_o be_v therefore_o call_v tympanum_fw-la or_o the_o drum_n the_o membrane_n be_v strike_v do_v move_v the_o three_o little_a bone_n and_o in_o a_o moment_n make_v impression_n of_o the_o character_n of_o the_o sound_n this_o sound_n be_v present_o receive_v of_o the_o inbred_a air_n which_o it_o carry_v through_o the_o window_n of_o the_o stony_a stone_n before_o describe_v into_o the_o wind_a burrough_n and_o so_o into_o the_o labyrinth_n after_o into_o the_o snaile-shell_n and_o last_o into_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n which_o convey_v it_o thence_o unto_o the_o common_a sense_n as_o unto_o his_o censor_n and_o judge_n and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a manner_n of_o hear_v qvest._n xlii_o whether_o the_o proper_a and_o inbred_a air_n contain_v within_o the_o ear_n be_v the_o primary_n and_o principal_a instrument_n of_o hear_v the_o proper_a and_o ingenit_fw-la air_n which_o the_o barbarian_n call_v implant_v and_o aristotle_n inaedificate_v and_o immoneable_a be_v contain_v in_o the_o second_o cavity_n of_o the_o ear_n which_o the_o same_o aristotle_n call_v the_o snayle-shell_n some_o do_v it_o the_o name_n of_o it_o call_v it_o immovable_a because_o it_o be_v not_o move_v by_o any_o other_o but_o always_o remain_v the_o same_o in_o the_o ear_n other_o call_v it_o immovable_a because_o it_o have_v no_o natural_a sound_n but_o can_v receive_v all_o the_o difference_n of_o sound_n the_o ancients_n thought_n that_o this_o air_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v and_o in_o respect_n of_o this_o air_n aristotle_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la et_fw-la sensil_n say_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o hear_v be_v airy_a indeed_o i_o esteem_v this_o air_n to_o be_v very_o necessary_a unto_o hear_v yea_o so_o necessary_a that_o hear_n can_v scarce_o be_v perform_v without_o it_o but_o i_o can_v never_o persuade_v myself_o that_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v it_o be_v a_o universal_a theorem_a and_o general_o true_a that_o in_o every_o perfect_a organ_n there_o be_v some_o certain_a particle_n to_o which_o as_o to_o the_o chief_a cause_n the_o action_n be_v to_o be_v attribute_v so_o in_o the_o liver_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d make_v sanguification_n in_o the_o eye_n hear_v the_o inbred_a air_n be_v not_o the_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v the_o crystalline_a humour_n cause_v sight_n in_o the_o muscle_n flesh_n effect_v motion_n and_o the_o mamillary_a process_n do_v make_v the_o smell_n but_o it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o this_o inbred_a air_n be_v not_o a_o similar_v part_n therefore_o no_o such_o action_n be_v due_a to_o it_o now_o that_o it_o be_v no_o part_n may_v be_v thus_o demonstrate_v every_o similar_v part_n be_v
of_o nature_n by_o no_o mean_n for_o if_o you_o deceive_v a_o child_n with_o a_o suckle_a bottle_n or_o any_o such_o thing_n like_o the_o nipple_n of_o the_o mother_n breast_n as_o soon_o as_o ever_o he_o taste_v that_o which_o be_v therein_o to_o differ_v from_o the_o aliment_n which_o he_o natural_o desire_v he_o will_v present_o cry_v and_o not_o be_v appease_v till_o he_o have_v his_o mother_n breast_n again_o and_o thus_o much_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o cause_n of_o odour_n and_o some_o difficulty_n coincident_a with_o they_o now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o difference_n qvest._n li._n of_o the_o difference_n of_o odour_n to_o distinguish_v the_o particular_a kind_n and_o difference_n of_o odour_n &_o to_o give_v their_o proper_a name_n be_v altogether_o impossible_a partly_o because_o the_o sense_n be_v but_o dull_a and_o partly_o because_o of_o our_o own_o ignorance_n which_o the_o best_a philosopher_n have_v nice_a difference_n of_o odour_n very_o nice_a not_o be_v ashamed_a to_o confess_v wherefore_o those_o that_o have_v write_v of_o this_o part_n of_o philosophy_n consider_v how_o imperfect_a our_o sense_n be_v to_o make_v fit_a distinction_n of_o this_o object_n see_v we_o can_v smell_v nothing_o but_o that_o which_o do_v vehement_o goad_n and_o affect_v the_o sense_n they_o have_v think_v good_a to_o distinguish_v the_o kind_n of_o odour_n improper_o and_o by_o way_n of_o translation_n by_o the_o difference_n of_o sapour_n and_o taste_n neither_o have_v they_o do_v this_o without_o good_a ground_n for_o between_o sapour_n and_o savour_n as_o in_o the_o name_n so_o in_o the_o nature_n there_o be_v a_o great_a affinity_n analogy_n and_o proportion_n insomuch_o that_o the_o odour_n or_o savour_n depend_v upon_o the_o sapour_fw-la or_o taste_n so_o say_v aristotle_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la there_o taste_v therefore_o refer_v to_o taste_v be_v no_o bode_n odoriferous_a which_o have_v not_o also_o a_o strong_a taste_n define_v that_o to_o be_v odoriferous_a or_o able_a to_o move_v the_o sense_n of_o smell_v which_o have_v in_o it_o power_n to_o diffuse_v a_o sapide_a siccity_n &_o a_o while_n after_o he_o say_v if_o therefore_o any_o man_n shall_v esteem_v both_o to_o wit_n air_n and_o water_n moist_a it_o will_v follow_v that_o odour_n will_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o nature_n of_o sapide_a siccity_n recide_v in_o moisture_n the_o kind_n therefore_o of_o odour_n which_o fall_v under_o our_o sense_n be_v these_o bite_a sweet_a sour_a tart_a and_o fat._n as_o for_o rot_a smell_n these_o say_v aristotle_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v odour_n the_o kind_n of_o odour_n be_v proportionable_a with_o bitter_a taste_n because_o as_o bitter_a thing_n be_v hardly_o swallow_v so_o rot_v or_o stink_a smell_n be_v not_o receive_v into_o the_o sense_n without_o a_o kind_n of_o regret_n and_o loathe_n there_o be_v two_o other_o difference_n of_o odour_n the_o first_o be_v common_a to_o bruit_n beast_n and_o by_o accident_n do_v move_v pleasure_n or_o pain_n as_o those_o odour_n which_o together_o with_o the_o steam_n do_v arise_v from_o meat_n which_o be_v pleasant_a to_o those_o that_o be_v hungry_a and_o unplesant_a and_o offensive_a to_o such_o as_o be_v satisfy_v the_o other_o kind_n be_v of_o itself_o pleasant_a or_o unpleasant_a as_o the_o smell_n that_o breathe_v from_o flower_n and_o this_o be_v proper_a to_o man_n alone_o for_o they_o do_v not_o provoke_v the_o appetite_n more_o or_o less_o but_o rather_o by_o another_o kind_n of_o satisfaction_n do_v dull_a and_o appease_v it_o yet_o we_o must_v not_o believe_v that_o all_o the_o difference_n of_o taste_n may_v be_v apply_v to_o odour_n for_o who_o ever_o say_v that_o he_o feel_v a_o salt_n smell_v final_o odour_n be_v either_o natural_a or_o artificial_a natural_a odour_n be_v those_o which_o be_v natural_o in_o the_o body_n artificial_a be_v such_o as_o apothecary_n use_v to_o make_v for_o pleasure_n or_o for_o physic_n of_o the_o commixtion_n of_o many_o spice_n and_o these_o we_o call_v compound_v odour_n the_o other_o simple_a qvest._n lii_o of_o the_o medium_fw-la or_o mean_a of_o smell_a it_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v call_v into_o question_n whether_o the_o smell_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o a_o medium_fw-la or_o no._n all_o man_n take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o a_o medium_fw-la be_v require_v partly_o opinion_n the_o philosopher_n opinion_n subscribe_v to_o that_o axiom_n so_o often_o before_o itterate_v by_o us._n that_o the_o object_n immediate_o touch_v the_o instrument_n make_v no_o sensation_n partly_o because_o in_o the_o 97j_fw-la text_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la aristotle_n speak_v particular_o of_o the_o smell_n have_v assign_v thereto_o a_o determinate_a medium_fw-la or_o mean_a for_o in_o that_o place_n he_o do_v not_o only_o take_v away_o the_o doubt_n whether_o this_o sense_n be_v make_v by_o a_o medium_fw-la but_o withal_o he_o declare_v by_o what_o medium_fw-la it_o be_v absolve_v and_o perfect_v with_o he_o therefore_o as_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n we_o also_o consent_v for_o odour_n have_v his_o residence_n in_o a_o fumide_a exhalation_n with_o which_o exhalation_n the_o odour_n exhale_v out_o of_o the_o body_n that_o vapour_n can_v accompany_v the_o odour_n unto_o the_o smell_a confirm_a what_o be_v the_o medium_fw-la of_o smell_a organ_n especial_o where_o the_o distance_n be_v any_o thing_n great_a betwixt_o the_o body_n out_o of_o which_o the_o odour_n issue_v and_o the_o organ_n of_o sense_n but_o it_o must_v be_v dissipate_v unless_o it_o be_v preserve_v by_o some_o medium_fw-la yet_o even_o that_o medâ—um_fw-la do_v not_o so_o preserve_v it_o but_o by_o degree_n it_o be_v dissipate_v and_o vanish_v away_o we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o sense_n of_o smell_a stand_v in_o need_n of_o a_o medium_fw-la but_o what_o this_o medium_fw-la shall_v be_v that_o say_v plancentinus_n i_o be_o not_o resolve_v of_o although_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o all_o philosopher_n with_o one_o consent_n do_v agree_v herein_o with_o aristotle_n who_o say_v this_o medium_fw-la be_v double_a to_o wit_n air_n and_o water_n concern_v the_o air_n it_o be_v without_o controversy_n the_o medium_fw-la of_o smell_a because_o when_o we_o draw_v our_o breath_n we_o do_v at_o the_o same_o time_n also_o smell_v &_o beside_o the_o odour_n that_o exhale_v approve_v the_o air_n approve_v out_o of_o the_o mix_a body_n be_v not_o diffuse_v into_o all_o dimension_n but_o only_o that_o way_n which_o the_o air_n be_v diffuse_v a_o certain_a sign_n that_o the_o air_n be_v both_o the_o medium_fw-la and_o the_o vehickle_a of_o smell_v concern_v the_o water_n placentinus_n make_v some_o doubt_n although_o arist._n in_o his_o 2_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la &_o especial_o in_o the_o 8_o chap._n of_o his_o 4._o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la do_v strive_v earnest_o to_o prove_v that_o to_o fish_n the_o water_n be_v the_o true_a medium_fw-la of_o smell_a his_o foundation_n be_v that_o those_o creature_n which_o live_v in_o the_o water_n do_v smell_v which_o if_o it_o be_v so_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o there_o must_v be_v also_o a_o medium_fw-la wherein_o the_o object_n shall_v be_v transport_v that_o medium_fw-la it_o the_o water_n question_v aristotle_n for_o it_o can_v be_v air_n for_o air_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v generate_v in_o water_n do_v exhale_v or_o bubble_v up_o as_o the_o same_o arist._n teach_v in_o the_o 5_o chap._n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sens_n et_fw-fr sensil_n from_o whence_o he_o conclude_v that_o for_o fish_n the_o water_n must_v needs_o be_v the_o medium_fw-la and_o true_o the_o consequence_n be_v certain_o and_o undoubted_o good_a if_o the_o foundation_n and_o ground_n where-upon_a he_o raise_v it_o be_v true_a but_o we_o have_v call_v that_o into_o question_n before_o now_o i_o will_v add_v only_o one_o argument_n and_o that_o take_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o medium_fw-la on_o this_o manner_n all_o odom_n have_v his_o it_o placentinus_n against_o it_o existence_n in_o siccity_n &_o therefore_o require_v also_o a_o medium_fw-la that_o be_v dry_a lest_o the_o object_n shall_v loose_v his_o odour_n for_o it_o be_v the_o office_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la to_o conserve_v the_o object_n but_o water_n be_v moist_a be_v no_o way_n fit_a to_o conserve_v the_o dry_a odour_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o contrariety_n betwixt_o they_o unless_o a_o man_n will_v be_v so_o debase_v as_o to_o say_v that_o one_o contrary_a can_v be_v the_o medium_fw-la unto_o the_o other_o which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o shall_v affirm_v that_o contrary_n do_v not_o mutual_o impugn_v but_o cherish_v and_o foster_v one_o another_o see_v therefore_o water_n which_o be_v moist_a must_v needs_o extinguish_v or_o dissolve_v the_o odour_n which_o
sense_n but_o have_v all_o his_o be_v and_o essence_n in_o the_o mix_a body_n that_o therefore_o which_o he_o call_v gustabile_fw-la be_v a_o mix_a body_n which_o in_o respect_n of_o that_o quality_n which_o be_v call_v a_o sapour_fw-la be_v gustile_a or_o may_v be_v taste_v not_o but_o that_o a_o sapour_fw-la do_v by_o itself_o move_v the_o sense_n but_o because_o it_o can_v subsist_v without_o the_o mix_a body_n for_o consider_v even_o without_o the_o mix_a body_n it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o object_n of_o taste_n because_o it_o be_v it_o alone_o in_o the_o mix_a body_n which_o move_v that_o sense_n qvest._n lviii_o of_o the_o matter_n of_o sapour_n a_o sapour_fw-la be_v a_o quality_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o first_o quality_n which_o alone_o by_o itself_o be_v able_a to_o move_v the_o taste_n now_o the_o first_o quality_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n some_o quality_n what_o a_o sapour_fw-la be_v 2._o kind_n of_o first_o quality_n active_a as_o heat_n and_o cold_a other_o passive_a as_o moisture_n and_o drought_n out_o of_o the_o active_a quality_n the_o sapour_fw-la have_v his_o efficient_a cause_n to_o wit_n heat_n out_o of_o the_o passive_a his_o material_a cause_n to_o wit_n moisture_n but_o least_o any_o man_n shall_v wonder_v why_o we_o make_v moisture_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o incorporeal_a quality_n to_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o sapour_n we_o answer_v that_o we_o understand_v humidity_n not_o in_o the_o abstract_n but_o in_o the_o concrete_a so_o that_o haply_o it_o be_v more_o proper_a to_o say_v humidum_fw-la then_o humiditas_fw-la for_o to_o say_v truth_n a_o sapour_fw-la be_v not_o make_v only_o of_o humidity_n but_o of_o humidity_n join_v with_o siccity_n yet_o so_o that_o the_o humidity_n be_v predominant_a wherefore_o aristotle_n say_v that_o a_o sapour_fw-la dwell_v in_o that_o which_o be_v moist_a as_o a_o odour_n humidity_n sapour_n be_v not_o make_v of_o simple_a humidity_n do_v in_o that_o which_o be_v dry_a yet_o he_o do_v not_o name_n humidity_n alone_o nor_o simple_a siccity_n but_o both_o conjoin_a and_o therefore_o he_o rather_o express_v himself_o by_o humidum_fw-la and_o siccum_fw-la then_o by_o hamiditas_fw-la and_o siccitas_fw-la so_o that_o in_o the_o one_o the_o moisture_n prevail_v over_o siccity_n in_o the_o other_o the_o siccity_n over_o moisture_n for_o thus_o much_o do_v aristotle_n intimate_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o universal_a nature_n of_o sapour_fw-la be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o passion_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v make_v by_o that_o which_o be_v earthy_a dry_a in_o that_o which_o be_v moist_a wherefore_o humidity_n be_v predominant_a in_o a_o earthy_a siccity_n be_v proper_o the_o matter_n of_o sapour_n it_o may_v be_v object_v if_o in_o sapour_n the_o humidity_n must_v prevail_v over_o the_o siccity_n than_o objection_n 1._o objection_n those_o body_n wherein_o the_o siccity_n prevail_v over_o the_o humidity_n shall_v be_v insipid_a and_o without_o taste_n now_o there_o be_v many_o in_o which_o the_o siccity_n be_v predominant_a as_o ash_n pepper_n ginger_n and_o such_o like_a which_o yet_o notwithstanding_o have_v a_o very_a sharp_a and_o quick_a taste_n add_v moreover_o that_o if_o that_o be_v true_a than_o sapour_n shall_v not_o proper_o belong_v unto_o aliment_n objection_n 2._o objection_n for_o aristotle_n say_v in_o the_o 28._o text_n of_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la that_o hunger_n be_v a_o appetite_n of_o that_o which_o be_v hot_a and_o dry_a a_o aliment_n therefore_o be_v not_o moist_a but_o hot_a and_o dry_a because_o it_o appease_v hunger_n see_v therefore_o all_o man_n confess_v that_o sapour_n do_v proper_o belong_v to_o aliment_n it_o shall_v seem_v also_o that_o sapour_n have_v their_o residence_n not_o in_o moystur_v but_o in_o siccity_n we_o answer_v that_o a_o actual_a sapour_fw-la that_o be_v such_o a_o sapour_fw-la which_o be_v instant_o fit_v to_o move_v the_o taste_n must_v necessary_o be_v in_o moisture_n that_o which_o they_o object_n of_o pepper_n ash_n and_o such_o like_a we_o answer_v on_o this_o manner_n we_o grant_v that_o of_o themselves_o they_o be_v insipid_a and_o have_v no_o sapour_fw-la but_o that_o which_o be_v potential_a for_o they_o do_v not_o taste_v till_o they_o be_v chew_v and_o that_o be_v by_o accident_n when_o as_o that_o humour_n which_o perpetual_o remain_v in_o the_o mouth_n and_o the_o tongue_n provoke_v or_o produce_v their_o potential_a virtue_n into_o act_n but_o because_o siccity_n be_v in_o they_o predominant_a therefore_o they_o yield_v a_o sharp_a and_o quick_a taste_n that_o which_o they_o add_v concern_v aliment_n be_v easy_o answer_v for_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o aliment_n one_o which_o satisfi_v hunger_n another_o which_o satisfi_v thirst_n that_o which_o satisfi_v aliment_n solution_n 2._o 2._o kind_n of_o aliment_n thirst_n be_v exceed_o moist_a and_o in_o respect_n of_o it_o that_o which_o satisfi_v hunger_n may_v be_v call_v dry_a although_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o it_o shall_v simple_o be_v dry_a yea_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v have_v so_o much_o moisture_n as_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v do_v require_v otherwise_o it_o can_v not_o satisfy_v hunger_n final_o wahtsoever_o move_v the_o taste_n must_v of_o necessity_n have_v a_o inward_a moisture_n wherein_o it_o be_v steep_v although_o it_o have_v no_o outward_a the_o reason_n be_v that_o it_o may_v melt_v and_o diffuse_v itself_o through_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n for_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v hard_a and_o can_v be_v dissolve_v can_v move_v the_o sense_n of_o taste_v as_o we_o may_v conceive_v by_o a_o rough_a and_o torrified_a tongue_n such_o as_o we_o see_v be_v chap_v and_o black_a in_o violent_a ague_n which_o can_v make_v any_o certain_a estimation_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o sapour_n qvest._n lix_n of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o sapour_n of_o the_o passive_a quality_n therefore_o moisture_n prevail_a over_o siccity_n be_v the_o matter_n sapor_n heat_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o sapor_n of_o sapour_n of_o the_o active_a quality_n they_o have_v heat_n for_o their_o efficient_a cause_n for_o as_o the_o simple_a and_o pure_a element_n be_v of_o themselves_o without_o sapour_fw-la or_o odor_n so_o also_o in_o the_o mix_a body_n no_o such_o thing_n will_v result_v out_o of_o they_o if_o every_o element_n shall_v reserve_v his_o own_o quality_n to_o himself_o and_o therefore_o there_o be_v need_n of_o heat_n to_o draw_v out_o the_o sapour_n out_o of_o the_o concoction_n of_o the_o humidity_n and_o siccity_n by_o which_o concoction_n these_o two_o be_v fit_o mix_v one_o with_o the_o other_o neither_o be_v it_o reason_n that_o be_v how_o that_o be_v cold_n can_v be_v any_o man_n shall_v substitute_v cold_a to_o this_o office_n for_o daily_a experience_n teach_v we_o that_o fruit_n when_o they_o be_v freeze_v as_o apple_n do_v utter_o loose_v their_o taste_n yea_o although_o they_o be_v thaw_v taste_n why_o freeze_a fruit_n loose_v their_o taste_n and_o resume_v their_o former_a heat_n yet_o their_o taste_n do_v not_o return_v so_o that_o cold_a be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o taste_n that_o rather_o it_o do_v utter_o destroy_v they_o add_v hereto_o that_o no_o fruit_n attain_v his_o native_a taste_n till_o it_o grow_v ripe_a now_o this_o ripen_n be_v make_v by_o heat_n it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o heat_n in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o concoct_v humidity_n and_o accomplish_v perfect_a mixtion_n be_v the_o true_a and_o only_o efficient_a cause_n of_o sapour_n qvest._n lx._n of_o the_o number_n and_o order_n of_o sapour_n aristotle_n in_o the_o 4._o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la go_v about_o to_o recite_v the_o diverse_a kind_n of_o taste_n compare_v they_o with_o colour_n not_o because_o there_o be_v any_o great_a affinty_n betwixt_o they_o but_o because_o there_o be_v just_a as_o many_o of_o the_o one_o kind_n as_o of_o the_o other_o and_o he_o conclude_v they_o both_o under_o the_o number_n of_o seven_o some_o say_v there_o be_v eight_o kind_n of_o sapour_n and_o pliny_n in_o the_o 21._o chapter_n sapour_n how_o many_o kind_n of_o sapour_n of_o his_o 15._o book_n reckon_v up_o thirteen_o we_o with_o aristotle_n will_v rather_o reduce_v they_o unto_o the_o number_n of_o seven_o because_o as_o there_o may_v be_v and_o indeed_o there_o be_v infinite_a variety_n of_o mixtion_n so_o we_o shall_v draw_v out_o of_o they_o infinite_a difference_n of_o sapour_n if_o it_o be_v possible_a mixture_n as_o many_o as_o of_o mixture_n accurate_o to_o number_v they_o for_o nothing_o be_v so_o sure_a as_o that_o the_o difference_n of_o sapour_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o mixtion_n for_o example_n out_o of_o that_o wherein_o heat_n and_o moisture_n be_v
for_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o membarne_v the_o extremity_n thereof_o reach_v unto_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n to_o defer_v and_o confer_v the_o faculty_n thereunto_o answer_n objection_n answer_n but_o it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o if_o this_o coat_n or_o membrane_n be_v ill_o affect_v the_o taste_n be_v therewithal_o deprave_a we_o yield_v it_o to_o be_v true_a yet_o not_o because_o the_o taste_n be_v perfect_v in_o that_o part_n but_o because_o this_o membrane_n concur_v to_o the_o action_n of_o sensation_n without_o which_o in_o deed_n we_o can_v taste_v so_o in_o the_o eye_n if_o the_o horny_a membrane_n be_v violate_v the_o sight_n be_v then_o deprave_a and_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o the_o horny_a membrane_n be_v the_o chief_a organ_n of_o sight_n and_o thus_o we_o must_v understand_v galen_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o 4._o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la expound_v galen_n expound_v affectis_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o taste_n be_v vitiate_a if_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v distemper_v or_o we_o may_v say_v that_o this_o membrane_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o taster_n to_o the_o taste_n which_o office_n it_o have_v partly_o from_o his_o own_o proper_a temperament_n partly_o from_o the_o soft_a nerve_n which_o be_v insert_v thereinto_o unless_o you_o will_v say_v that_o these_o nerve_n be_v allow_v to_o the_o membrane_n by_o nature_n to_o give_v it_o a_o exquisite_a sense_n of_o touch_v whereof_o the_o tongue_n stand_v in_o need_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o substance_n which_o assertion_n will_v not_o be_v against_o reason_n we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tongue_n have_v a_o exact_a sense_n of_o touch_v nor_o altogether_o devoyde_a of_o taste_v not_o that_o it_o taste_v at_o all_o of_o itself_o but_o be_v conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n contiguous_a yea_o continual_a and_o grow_a to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n it_o concur_v withal_o to_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o action_n so_o as_o without_o it_o the_o sense_n of_o taste_v can_v be_v perfect_v nor_o accomplish_v notwithstanding_o we_o find_v another_o principal_a part_n to_o which_o as_o this_o membrane_n so_o all_o the_o other_o adjacent_a part_n be_v substitute_v by_o nature_n as_o helper_n and_o handmaid_n and_o that_o be_v the_o proper_a and_o spungy_a flesh_n or_o pulp_n of_o the_o tongue_n for_o beside_o that_o it_o have_v a_o substance_n such_o as_o you_o can_v no_o where_n find_v the_o like_a in_o the_o whole_a body_n the_o temperament_n also_o thereof_o organ_n that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v the_o true_a organ_n be_v apt_a and_o to_o entertain_v and_o receive_v sapour_n for_o it_o be_v moist_a and_o hot_a near_o of_o kin_n unto_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o sapour_fw-la that_o it_o may_v more_o easy_o be_v alter_v thereby_o and_o indeed_o for_o the_o make_n of_o this_o sensation_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o organ_n shall_v put_v on_o the_o nature_n of_o argument_n argument_n the_o object_n which_o aristotle_n mean_v when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o organ_n must_v potential_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n which_o the_o object_n be_v actual_o that_o so_o it_o may_v be_v alter_v &_o actual_o receive_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o object_n for_o how_o shall_v it_o judge_v of_o the_o object_n unless_o it_o do_v put_v on_o the_o quality_n thereof_o add_v hereto_o that_o it_o have_v a_o ingenite_fw-la humidity_n that_o those_o object_n which_o be_v potential_o moist_a as_o salt_n be_v be_v by_o this_o organ_n actual_o make_v moist_a may_v become_v sapide_v that_o free_o and_o frank_o exhibit_v his_o sapour_n again_o what_o great_a argument_n can_v there_o be_v that_o this_o flesh_n shall_v be_v the_o organ_n of_o taste_v then_o because_o it_o be_v spungy_a for_o taste_n be_v never_o make_v unless_o the_o moisture_n that_o carry_v the_o sapour_fw-la be_v imbibe_v by_o the_o organ_n of_o taste_v to_o which_o purpose_v nothing_o be_v so_o fit_a as_o the_o spungy_a pulp_n of_o the_o tongue_n moreover_o all_o the_o other_o sense_n be_v double_a and_o therefore_o nature_n though_o she_o have_v great_a reason_n to_o make_v the_o tongue_n single_a for_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o voice_n and_o such_o other_o circumstance_n as_o we_o have_v particularise_v in_o our_o history_n yet_o that_o it_o may_v be_v after_o a_o sort_n double_a she_o have_v draw_v a_o line_n through_o the_o midst_n whereby_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o a_o right_a side_n and_o a_o left_a on_o that_o manner_n there_o be_v no_o part_n in_o the_o mouth_n divide_v but_o in_o the_o mouth_n be_v the_o sense_n of_o taste_n and_o therefore_o it_o must_v belong_v only_o to_o the_o tongue_n qvest._n lxiii_o whether_o the_o tongue_n alone_o do_v taste_n we_o hauce_n prove_v that_o the_o flesh_n or_o pulp_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v the_o true_a instrument_n of_o taste_v notwithstanding_o it_o be_v doubt_v whether_o this_o action_n belong_v only_o to_o this_o part_n or_o may_v also_o be_v communicate_v unto_o other_o that_o it_o may_v be_v communicate_v to_o other_o part_n some_o argument_n be_v urge_v first_o communicate_v that_o it_o may_v be_v communicate_v the_o taste_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o touch_v but_o touch_v be_v diffuse_v through_o all_o the_o body_n it_o may_v seem_v therefore_o that_o the_o taste_n be_v also_o diffuse_v through_o more_o part_n than_o one_o especial_o so_o far_o as_o the_o meat_n do_v attain_v that_o be_v into_o the_o mouth_n the_o gullet_n and_o stomach_n again_o there_o yssu_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n a_o soft_a nerve_n which_o be_v simple_a and_o single_a in_o his_o original_n but_o when_o it_o have_v pace_v a_o little_a forward_a from_o the_o skull_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o branch_n whereof_o one_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o tongue_n the_o other_o into_o the_o low_a part_n three_o we_o see_v that_o the_o stomach_n do_v reject_v and_o cast_v up_o some_o meat_n by_o vomit_n other_o it_o embrace_v and_o contain_v in_o like_a manner_n the_o gullet_n swallow_v some_o meat_n well_o and_o free_o other_o not_o without_o loathe_v and_o much_o difficulty_n yea_o some_o meat_n because_o of_o the_o enmity_n betwixt_o the_o stomach_n and_o their_o taste_n even_o after_o they_o be_v down_o be_v cast_v up_o again_o it_o may_v therefore_o be_v demand_v how_o this_o choice_n can_v be_v make_v this_o loathe_n or_o like_v stir_v up_o unless_o we_o say_v that_o the_o stomach_n and_o the_o gullet_n do_v taste_n and_o distinguish_v the_o difference_n of_o sapour_n add_v hereto_o the_o authority_n of_o aristotle_n who_o in_o the_o 11_o chapter_n of_o his_o four_o book_n departibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la say_v that_o fish_n in_o their_o swallow_a do_v take_v pleasure_n and_o have_v a_o sense_n of_o the_o meat_n that_o pass_v into_o their_o maw_n without_o doubt_v these_o argument_n be_v not_o to_o be_v contemn_v and_o yet_o we_o will_v make_v answer_n unto_o they_o to_o the_o first_o we_o say_v that_o though_o the_o taste_v be_v a_o kind_n of_o touch_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a first_o answer_v to_o the_o first_o that_o it_o shall_v in_o all_o condition_n answer_v or_o be_v proportionable_a to_o the_o touch._n to_o the_o second_o that_o although_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o tongue_n do_v transmit_v second_o to_o the_o second_o another_o branch_n to_o the_o gullet_n and_o the_o stomach_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o the_o gullet_n and_o the_o stomach_n must_v taste_v for_o the_o soft_a nerve_n do_v transport_v the_o faculty_n of_o sensation_n yet_o that_o the_o eye_n see_v colour_n the_o ear_n hear_v sound_n the_o nose_n perceive_v odour_n or_o savour_n be_v not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o nerve_n but_o because_o of_o the_o disposition_n and_o temperament_n of_o organ_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o sense_n depend_v on_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o organ_n the_o organ_n for_o the_o faculty_n of_o sensation_n be_v every_o where_o one_o and_o the_o same_o neither_o be_v there_o any_o difference_n in_o the_o faculty_n whereby_o we_o hear_v nor_o in_o the_o faculty_n whereby_o we_o smell_v from_o the_o faculty_n whereby_o we_o taste_v but_o all_o the_o difference_n arise_v from_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o organ_n the_o foot_n will_v see_v and_o the_o elbow_n will_v hear_v and_o the_o side_n will_v smell_v and_o the_o crown_n will_v taste_v if_o in_o these_o part_n there_o be_v a_o disposition_n to_o receive_v the_o object_n of_o these_o sense_n in_o like_a manner_n although_o the_o gullet_n and_o the_o stomach_n do_v receive_v a_o soft_a nerve_n yet_o the_o gullet_n and_o the_o stomach_n do_v not_o taste_v because_o they_o be_v not_o dispose_v thereto_o but_o the_o reason_n why_o nature_n have_v give_v they_o this_o soft_a nerve_n we_o may_v find_v in_o galens_n 2_o chapter_n of_o his_o 16._o book_n
sometime_o they_o communicate_v some_o fibre_n to_o the_o bone_n hyois_n which_o they_o so_o draw_v unto_o the_o chin_n they_o have_v also_o certain_a line_n in_o they_o which_o anatomist_n call_v inscription_n as_o if_o they_o be_v many_o muscle_n the_o four_o pair_n be_v call_v basiglossi_n or_o ypsiglossi_fw-la or_o bone-tongue_n muscle_n tab_v 8._o fig._n 1._o and_o 2._o d_o o._n these_o do_v arise_v straight_o fleshy_a from_o the_o upper_a and_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o bone_n hyois_n pair_n the_o 4_o pair_n and_o in_o some_o place_n be_v obscure_o divide_v asunder_o as_o if_o they_o be_v many_o muscle_n and_o so_o run_v a_o long_a the_o length_n of_o the_o tongue_n and_o be_v insert_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o their_o use_n be_v when_o they_o be_v contract_v to_o draw_v the_o tongue_n direct_o inward_a or_o backward_o towards_o his_o root_n the_o five_o pair_n be_v call_v ceratoglossi_n or_o horne-tongue_n muscle_n tab_v 8._o fig._n 1._o and_o 2._o e._n and_o arise_v from_o the_o upper_a horn_n if_o they_o be_v there_o of_o the_o bone_n hyois_n from_o whence_o pass_v pair_n the_o 5._o pair_n somewhat_o oblique_o or_o slope_v they_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o side_n of_o the_o tongue_n near_o unto_o his_o root_n sometime_o they_o arise_v from_o the_o nether_a horn_n when_o the_o upper_a be_v want_v or_o be_v not_o very_o bony_a but_o rather_o like_o ligament_n which_o as_o we_o have_v say_v be_v most_o common_o in_o woman_n which_o haply_o make_v their_o tongue_n more_o pliable_a if_o one_o of_o these_o only_o be_v contract_v the_o tongue_n especial_o the_o root_n of_o it_o be_v draw_v side-long_a downward_o and_o so_o it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o move_v to_o the_o right_a side_n or_o to_o the_o left_a but_o if_o both_o of_o they_o be_v contract_v then_o be_v it_o move_v right_a downward_o towards_o the_o throat_n this_o pair_n in_o ox_n be_v double_a in_o man_n it_o be_v but_o single_a these_o five_o pair_n of_o muscle_n therefore_o do_v move_v the_o tongue_n upward_o downward_o forward_o backward_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n or_o to_o the_o side_n but_o if_o they_o tongue_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n work_v successive_o that_o be_v one_o upon_o another_o than_o they_o turn_v the_o tongue_n round_o &_o all_o these_o motion_n the_o muscle_n of_o the_o above_o hyois_fw-fr do_v not_o a_o little_o further_a which_o some_o do_v rather_o ascribe_v to_o the_o fibrous_a substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n which_o have_v indeed_o all_o three_o kind_n of_o fibre_n at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n when_o these_o muscle_n be_v remoove_v there_o appear_v a_o root_n the_o glardulous_a flesh_n at_o the_o root_n certain_a flesh_n compound_v of_o many_o glandule_n mingle_v with_o fat_a which_o flesh_n do_v not_o merit_v the_o name_n of_o a_o muscle_n because_o a_o muscle_n do_v not_o consist_v of_o glandule_n or_o kernel_n but_o of_o fleshy_a fibre_n tab_v 8_o fig_z 1_o and_z 2_o h._n this_o knot_n of_o glandule_n grow_v at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n that_o with_o their_o liquor_n it_o may_v always_o be_v keep_v moist_a because_o without_o moisture_n there_o can_v be_v no_o perfect_a taste_n no_o more_o than_o there_o can_v be_v any_o concoction_n in_o the_o stomach_n without_o elixation_n or_o boil_a for_o the_o concoction_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v not_o a_o roast_n but_o a_o boil_a or_o elixation_n &_o therefore_o nature_n have_v ordain_v the_o glandulous_a pancreas_n or_o sweetbread_n to_o touch_v the_o stomach_n that_o thence_o there_o may_v continual_o ascend_v moist_a vapour_n that_o the_o concoction_n of_o the_o stomach_n may_v be_v accomplish_v by_o a_o moist_a boil_a not_o by_o a_o dry_a roast_n moreover_o this_o moisture_n of_o the_o kernelly_n flesh_n make_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o tongue_n more_o glib_a and_o glad_a as_o we_o say_v or_o nimble_a for_o when_o the_o tongue_n be_v dry_a as_o we_o may_v perceive_v in_o those_o that_o be_v exceed_o asleep_o thirst_n his_o motion_n be_v more_o slow_n the_o same_o also_o we_o have_v experience_n of_o in_o those_o that_o labour_n of_o burn_a ague_n in_o who_o all_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v exhaust_v and_o dry_v up_o moreover_o the_o almond_n of_o the_o throat_n which_o we_o call_v tonsilla_n as_o be_v before_o observe_v by_o yield_v a_o perpetual_a moisture_n do_v moisten_v the_o tongue_n and_o so_o further_o his_o motion_n chap._n xix_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o larynx_n or_o throttle_v because_o the_o action_n of_o the_o throttle_v or_o larynx_n be_v perform_v with_o voluntary_a contraction_n the_o action_n of_o a_o muscle_n be_v contraction_n motion_n nature_n have_v give_v it_o muscle_n which_o by_o their_o action_n which_o be_v contraction_n may_v bend_v extend_v and_o move_v sidelong_v the_o joint_n of_o the_o gristle_n that_o so_o the_o glottis_fw-la or_o toung-let_a may_v become_v movable_a and_o his_o cleft_n may_v be_v make_v broad_a or_o narrow_a as_o need_n shall_v require_v for_o so_o it_o behove_v to_o be_v because_o it_o be_v convenient_a that_o our_o voice_n as_o well_o as_o our_o speech_n shall_v be_v at_o our_o command_n the_o throttle_v therefore_o have_v two_o kind_n of_o muscle_n common_a and_o proper_a the_o common_a be_v six_o or_o three_o pair_n of_o which_o four_o do_v constringe_v and_o two_o do_v dilate_v it_o the_o common_a be_v common_a 3._o pair_n of_o common_a so_o call_v because_o they_o arise_v from_o other_o part_n and_o be_v but_o implant_v into_o the_o throttle_v and_o of_o these_o we_o will_v treat_v first_o because_o they_o first_o fall_v under_o our_o view_n and_o so_o come_v first_o to_o be_v show_v the_o first_o pair_n of_o the_o common_a muscle_n tab_v 9_o fig._n 7._o xx_o which_o vesalius_n and_o diverse_a other_o pair_n the_o first_o pair_n do_v make_v the_o second_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o throttle_v one_o on_o each_o side_n and_o we_o call_v they_o bronchios_n or_o the_o weazon_n muscle_n because_o they_o cleave_v to_o the_o rough_a artery_n all_o along_o which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o hypocrates_n for_o they_o arise_v with_o a_o fleshy_a and_o broad_a beginning_n from_o the_o upper_a and_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o breastbone_n at_o the_o very_a jugulum_fw-la above_o the_o clavicles_a and_o with_o right_a sibre_n do_v run_v up_o along_o the_o weazon_n fleshy_a and_o a_o little_o broad_a than_o where_o they_o arise_v &_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o side_n of_o the_o shield_n gristle_n call_v thyroeis_n below_o near_o the_o glandule_n with_o a_o broad_a and_o fleshy_a tendon_n which_o in_o man_n be_v but_o one_o but_o in_o beast_n it_o be_v divide_v in_o the_o midst_n &_o in_o most_o of_o they_o one_o part_n be_v fasten_v into_o the_o throttle_n the_o other_o into_o the_o bone_n hyois_n yet_o galen_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o be_v their_o original_n and_o that_o they_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o brestbone_n they_o be_v very_o long_o because_o not_o the_o snield-gristle_n or_o the_o thyroide_v only_o but_o the_o whole_a larynx_n be_v move_v especial_o in_o a_o base_a voice_n where_o the_o throttle_n move_v downward_o and_o the_o whole_a weazon_n be_v contract_v in_o his_o membranous_a distance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o this_o pair_n cleave_v to_o the_o whole_a length_n of_o it_o they_o be_v moreover_o very_o slender_a because_o the_o throttle_v easy_o descend_v with_o his_o own_o weight_n do_v not_o require_v any_o great_a strength_n yet_o notwithstanding_o they_o have_v certain_a inscription_n or_o nervous_a distinction_n such_o as_o be_v in_o the_o right_a muscle_n of_o the_o paunch_n by_o which_o their_o length_n and_o tenuity_n be_v secure_v from_o danger_n their_o use_n be_v to_o draw_v down_o the_o shield-gristle_n call_v thyroide_v and_o below_o to_o constringe_v or_o contract_v it_o and_o so_o to_o dilate_v the_o cleave_a or_o fissure_v of_o the_o glottis_fw-la or_o toung-let_a in_o a_o base_a voice_n they_o also_o do_v somewhat_o contract_v the_o weazon_n that_o it_o be_v not_o double_v when_o we_o speak_v or_o the_o throttle_n too_o much_o dilate_v above_o the_o second_o pair_n of_o common_a muscle_n ta_fw-la 9_o fig._n 3._o h_o which_o vesalius_n call_v the_o first_o pair_n pair_n the_o 2._o pair_n as_o also_o do_v falopius_n and_o some_o other_o be_v situate_v likewise_o in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o larynx_n or_o throttle_n and_o be_v call_v hyoeides_n or_o rather_o hyothyroeides_n or_o the_o shield-bone_n muscle_n these_o be_v oppose_v to_o the_o former_a and_o be_v far_o short_a they_o arise_v broad_a and_o fleshy_a almost_o from_o all_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o bone_n hyois_fw-fr to_o who_o inward_a side_n they_o seem_v to_o be_v continuate_v and_o with_o right_a fibre_n they_o creep_v downward_o together_o
fall_v again_o lung_n of_o the_o lung_n without_o violence_n and_o so_o ready_o obey_v or_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o chest_n it_o be_v rare_a and_o spungy_a that_o like_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_n it_o may_v present_o be_v fill_v with_o the_o air_n we_o breathe_v in_o as_o also_o to_o make_v the_o way_n fit_a for_o the_o breathe_n out_o of_o sooty_a and_o smoky_a vapour_n this_o flesh_n prepare_v for_o the_o heart_n one_o of_o the_o material_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n that_o be_v air_n for_o the_o outward_a air_n which_o have_v much_o impurity_n mix_v therewith_o can_v not_o at_o the_o first_o hand_n be_v make_v a_o fit_a nourishment_n for_o the_o inward_a spirit_n &_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v alter_v by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o by_o some_o stay_v make_v in_o the_o lung_n acquire_v or_o attain_v a_o quality_n familiar_a to_o the_o inbred_a spirit_n concern_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v refer_v heart_n of_o the_o heart_n to_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o bowel_n or_o to_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o muscle_n galen_n hold_v on_o neither_o side_n for_o a_o parenchyma_n have_v no_o fibre_n the_o heart_n be_v weave_v with_o they_o after_o a_o strange_a and_o admirable_a manner_n again_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o muscle_n be_v voluntary_a so_o be_v not_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o flesh_n therefore_o of_o the_o heart_n be_v peculiar_a to_o itself_o alone_o such_o as_o you_o can_v find_v in_o the_o whole_a body_n again_o there_o be_v no_o less_o scruple_n also_o concern_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o tongue_n for_o it_o be_v as_o nimble_a as_o a_o ecle_fw-mi turn_v itself_o into_o a_o thousand_o motion_n yet_o be_v there_o no_o fibre_n run_v therethrough_a and_o therefore_o the_o flesh_n thereof_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v musculous_a rather_o if_o all_o thing_n be_v consider_v it_o incline_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o parenchyma_n and_o so_o much_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o bowel_n or_o entrail_n chap._n xlii_o what_o a_o glandule_n be_v and_o how_o many_o kind_n there_o be_v of_o they_o because_o many_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v define_v a_o glandule_n to_o be_v a_o flesh_n roll_v up_o into_o itself_o i_o have_v thought_n sit_v say_v laurentius_n for_o order_n sake_n to_o refer_v the_o be_v what_o a_o glandule_n be_v whole_a kind_n or_o kin_n of_o glandule_n unto_o flesh_n a_o glandule_n therefore_o which_o the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v a_o simple_a part_n rare_a and_o flyable_a soft_a like_o a_o sponge_n appoint_v by_o nature_n to_o firm_a and_o establish_v the_o vessel_n to_o suck_v or_o drink_v up_o superfluous_a humour_n and_o to_o water_n or_o dew_v some_o part_n that_o stand_v need_n of_o moisture_n the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_fw-la whether_o it_o be_v hypocrates_n or_o polybius_n have_v elegant_o express_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o glandule_n where_o he_o say_v their_o nature_n be_v spungy_a for_o they_o be_v rare_a and_o fat_a that_o they_o be_v of_o such_o a_o nature_n you_o shall_v easy_o find_v if_o you_o press_v they_o hard_o betwixt_o your_o finger_n for_o they_o will_v yield_v a_o oily_a humour_n and_o blood_n white_a like_o phlegm_n now_o it_o be_v consonant_a to_o reason_n that_o they_o have_v such_o a_o substance_n not_o for_o nought_o but_o for_o some_o particular_a and_o especial_a use_n that_o use_n be_v threefold_a the_o first_o use_n of_o glandule_n be_v to_o firm_a or_o establish_v the_o divarication_n or_o division_n of_o the_o vessel_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v lest_o the_o vessel_n run_v through_o large_a and_o ample_a cavity_n glandule_n the_o first_o use_n of_o glandule_n if_o they_o have_v no_o other_o muniment_n or_o defence_n save_v their_o own_o membrane_n will_v in_o violent_a motion_n be_v break_v off_o as_o in_o great_a wind_n bough_n be_v tear_v from_o a_o tree_n unless_o these_o glandulous_a body_n do_v lie_v soft_a under_o they_o and_o establish_v and_o sustain_v they_o and_o therefore_o where_o the_o vessel_n be_v fork_v or_o divide_v there_o nature_n have_v ever_o place_v glandule_n under_o they_o so_o in_o the_o division_n of_o the_o gate-veine_n there_o be_v a_o notable_a glandule_n call_v pancreas_n or_o the_o sweetebread_n in_o the_o divarication_n of_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o mesentery_n there_o be_v glandule_n almost_o infinite_a in_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o ascend_a trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n be_v the_o glandule_n call_v thymus_n which_o be_v the_o sweetebread_n in_o calf_n in_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o glandule_n call_v conarium_fw-la or_o the_o pine-glandule_a in_o the_o the_o neck_n in_o the_o arm_n pit_n and_o in_o the_o groyne_n where_o the_o jugular_a axillary_a and_o crurall_a vein_n be_v divide_v there_o be_v glandule_n place_v to_o support_v their_o division_n wherefore_o they_o be_v make_v soft_a and_o rare_a that_o neither_o their_o hardness_n may_v offend_v the_o vessel_n and_o by_o yield_v they_o may_v give_v way_n to_o the_o distention_n when_o they_o strut_v with_o blood_n the_o second_o use_n of_o the_o glandule_n be_v like_a sponge_n to_o suck_v and_o drink_v up_o phlegm_n whey_n use_n their_o second_o use_n and_o other_o superuacuous_a humour_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o rush_v upon_o the_o more_o noble_a part_n in_o which_o respect_n their_o form_n be_v round_o somewhat_o long_o and_o their_o substance_n rare_a and_o open_a so_o fit_v to_o receive_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o any_o kind_n of_o influxion_n this_o use_n the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_fw-la open_v unto_o we_o in_o these_o word_n they_o bear_v away_o the_o redundancie_n or_o surplusage_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n and_o that_o indeed_o be_v their_o familiar_a alement_n it_o may_v also_o by_o reason_n be_v demonstrate_v that_o they_o be_v ordain_v by_o nature_n to_o purge_v away_o moist_a superfluity_n for_o those_o part_n that_o be_v hollow_a and_o especial_o if_o they_o be_v moist_a and_o full_a of_o blood_n have_v more_o and_o large_a glandule_n than_o those_o that_o be_v solid_a and_o less_o succulent_a as_o be_v the_o joint_n so_o behind_o the_o ear_n about_o the_o neck_n where_o the_o iugular_a vein_n run_v about_o the_o arm_n pit_n where_o the_o axillary_a branch_n be_v and_o about_o the_o groyne_n where_o the_o crurall_a vein_n appear_v there_o be_v notable_a glandule_n which_o receive_v the_o superfluity_n of_o the_o principal_a part_n the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n which_o glandule_n be_v common_o call_v emunctory_n and_o if_o they_o swell_v or_o be_v otherwise_o affect_v they_o betoken_v the_o distemper_n of_o their_o own_o bowel_z or_o some_o ill_a disposition_n therein_o hypocrates_n in_o the_o second_o section_n of_o his_o 6._o book_n epidemion_n say_v abscess_n or_o aposteme_n as_o for_o example_n the_o tumour_n of_o the_o glandule_n be_v produce_v as_o fruitless_a water_n shoot_v of_o those_o place_n out_o of_o which_o they_o grow_v they_o also_o bewray_v the_o condition_n of_o other_o place_n and_o part_n and_o especial_o of_o the_o bowel_n galen_n also_o in_o the_o thirteen_o book_n of_o his_o method_n say_v that_o when_o a_o apostemation_n arise_v near_o any_o notable_a artery_n or_o vein_n sudden_o do_v spring_v up_o bubones_fw-la that_o be_v inflammation_n of_o the_o glandule_n three_o we_o add_v in_o the_o definition_n that_o the_o use_n of_o the_o glandule_n be_v to_o irrigate_n or_o use_v the_o thire_n use_v water_n some_o part_n lest_o they_o shall_v too_o easy_o be_v exiccate_v and_o dry_v or_o make_v unfit_a for_o motion_n such_o be_v some_o of_o the_o glandule_n of_o the_o mesentery_n which_o with_o their_o moisture_n do_v dew_n the_o gut_n such_o be_v also_o the_o glandule_n of_o the_o throttle_v or_o the_o tongue_n which_o engender_v or_o gather_v spittle_n the_o glandule_n in_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o eye_n do_v make_v much_o towards_o the_o celerity_n and_o ease_v their_o motion_n and_o final_o those_o prostrate_a glandule_n in_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bladder_n do_v water_n and_o moisten_v the_o vreter_n with_o a_o oily_a humidity_n lest_o it_o shall_v be_v offend_v by_o the_o acrimony_n of_o the_o urine_n and_o this_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o glandule_n proper_o so_o call_v there_o be_v also_o another_o kind_n of_o glandule_n which_o may_v more_o true_o be_v call_v glandulous_a body_n their_o substance_n indeed_o be_v like_a unto_o a_o glandule_n that_o be_v rare_a and_o lax_n but_o it_o be_v ordain_v body_n glandulous_a body_n by_o nature_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o humour_n or_o ivyce_n which_o be_v profitable_a for_o the_o creature_n proper_a or_o simple_a glandule_n have_v neither_o peculiar_a vein_n nor_o
also_o to_o add_v something_o unto_o the_o perfection_n of_o his_o concoction_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o these_o value_n be_v ordain_v to_o stay_v the_o course_n and_o violence_n of_o the_o blood_n that_o the_o vein_n may_v have_v time_n to_o bestow_v their_o travel_n upon_o it_o three_o they_o add_v strength_n unto_o the_o vein_n for_o be_v it_o not_o for_o these_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o where_o a_o varix_fw-la happen_v there_o either_o the_o vein_n will_v break_v or_o at_o least_o the_o dilatation_n be_v much_o more_o offensive_a for_o because_o the_o vein_n be_v of_o a_o membranous_a simple_a and_o thin_a substance_n it_o may_v easy_o be_v streatched_a or_o break_a four_o when_o we_o exercise_v our_o joint_n vehement_o and_o often_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o part_n be_v stir_v up_o and_o the_o blood_n partly_o disturb_v partly_o call_v into_o the_o joint_n where_o the_o value_n do_v break_v the_o force_n of_o it_o and_o so_o keep_v it_o from_o mischief_n final_o if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o they_o in_o those_o violent_a motion_n of_o the_o joint_n the_o whole_a mass_n almost_o of_o blood_n will_v be_v call_v into_o the_o arm_n and_o the_o leg_n and_o so_o the_o principal_a part_n or_o bowel_n of_o the_o body_n be_v defraud_v of_o their_o allowance_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o value_v only_o because_o they_o be_v not_o so_o well_o know_v nor_o so_o ordinary_o demonstrate_v as_o the_o other_o particle_n of_o the_o body_n we_o have_v exhibit_v in_o this_o chap._n 4._o table_n two_o of_o the_o hand_n and_o 2._o of_o the_o foot_n wherein_o the_o value_v of_o the_o vein_n be_v very_o lively_o describe_v and_o so_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o book_n which_o be_v concern_v the_o artery_n the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o eleaventh_o book_n concern_v artery_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o artery_n in_o general_n as_o the_o liver_n be_v the_o begin_n of_o radication_n and_o dispensation_n to_o the_o vein_n so_o be_v the_o heart_n to_o the_o artery_n this_o artery_n the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o be_v as_o a_o ark_n or_o conceptacle_n of_o arterial_a blood_n aristotle_n in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr histori_fw-la 〈…〉_o think_v artery_n the_o name_n of_o a_o artery_n it_o be_v call_v aorta_fw-la because_o his_o nervous_a part_n 〈…〉_o even_o in_o a_o dead_a body_n other_o think_v it_o be_v calleâ—_n 〈…〉_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o draw_v air_n other_o 〈…〉_o which_o signify_v to_o lift_v up_o for_o in_o their_o dilatation_n thâ—_n 〈…〉_o themselves_o hypocrates_n call_v artery_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o micantes_fw-la that_o be_v beating_z 〈…〉_o manner_n do_v the_o arabian_n style_v they_o and_o avicen_n call_v they_o venas_fw-la audacâ—_n 〈…〉_o pliny_n call_v they_o spiritus_fw-la semita_fw-la the_o path_n or_o walk_v of_o the_o spirit_n where_o 〈…〉_o of_o the_o ancient_n which_o write_v before_o galen_n you_o meet_v with_o the_o word_n 〈…〉_o must_v you_o understand_v it_o of_o the_o rough_a artery_n for_o so_o hypocrates_n plato_n 〈…〉_o call_v that_o pipe_n which_o descend_v out_o of_o the_o mouth_n into_o the_o lung_n and_o 〈…〉_o â—nspirated_a air_n into_o they_o and_o by_o which_o we_o return_v our_o breath_n out_o but_o galen_n and_o thâ—se_a after_o he_o call_v it_o aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la and_o if_o they_o speak_v of_o a_o artery_n simple_o we_o must_v understand_v it_o of_o the_o smooth_a artery_n there_o be_v three_o fort_n of_o artery_n the_o first_o be_v call_v the_o rough_a artery_n of_o which_o we_o artery_n 3._o sort_n of_o artery_n speak_v in_o the_o sixth_o book_n the_o other_o be_v call_v the_o venall_n artery_n of_o which_o also_o we_o speak_v in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o three_o be_v call_v the_o great_a artery_n which_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o our_o discourse_n at_o this_o time_n we_o consider_v it_o therefore_o as_o it_o be_v similar_v and_o as_o it_o be_v organical_a as_o it_o be_v similar_v in_o similar_v a_o artery_n as_o it_o be_v similar_v may_v be_v define_v a_o cold_a and_o dry_a part_n engender_v of_o the_o slimy_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n cold_a it_o be_v of_o his_o own_o nature_n for_o by_o event_n it_o be_v most_o hot_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o spirit_n therein_o contain_v it_o be_v dry_a less_o dry_a than_o a_o tendon_n and_o more_o dry_a than_o a_o nerve_n but_o against_o this_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o galen_n in_o his_o second_o book_n ad_fw-la glauconem_fw-la say_v that_o nervous_a part_n require_v more_o dry_v then_o arterial_a and_o therefore_o be_v dry_a than_o they_o solution_n objection_n solution_n i_o answer_v that_o by_o nervous_a part_n in_o that_o place_n he_o do_v not_o understand_v nerve_n proper_o so_o call_v but_o nervous_a body_n as_o ligament_n and_o tendon_n if_o we_o consider_v a_o artery_n as_o it_o be_v a_o organical_a part_n it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o common_a instrument_n of_o the_o body_n long_o round_o and_o fistulate_v compound_v of_o two_o peculiar_a coat_n intertex_v or_o weave_v with_o fibres_n receyve_v and_o contain_v blood_n and_o vital_a organical_a as_o organical_a spirit_n labour_v of_o a_o permixtion_n of_o blood_n and_o air_n in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o hart_n which_o also_o it_o convey_v unto_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n together_o with_o heat_n to_o sustain_v their_o life_n the_o substance_n thereof_o be_v membranous_a or_o nervous_a that_o it_o may_v better_o be_v distend_v or_o substavee_n the_o substavee_n compress_v which_o conformation_n be_v more_o necessary_a for_o artery_n then_o for_o vein_n because_o of_o their_o motion_n the_o coat_n be_v one_o outward_a which_o be_v thin_a rare_a and_o soft_a like_o the_o coat_n of_o a_o vein_n weave_v with_o many_o right_a fibre_n and_o some_o oblique_a but_o none_o transuerse_a another_o inward_a fivefolde_a coat_n coat_n thick_a than_o the_o former_a fast_o and_o hard_o partly_o that_o the_o arterial_a and_o spirituous_a blood_n which_o be_v thin_a pure_a and_o vaporous_a and_o the_o vital_a spirit_n may_v not_o exhale_v or_o vanish_v away_o partly_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o continual_a diastole_n add_v systole_n which_o it_o receive_v from_o the_o heart_n as_o from_o a_o begin_n of_o dispensation_n it_o may_v not_o be_v break_v it_o be_v also_o full_a of_o transuerse_a fibre_n the_o better_a to_o distribute_v the_o blood_n and_o vital_a spirit_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n in_o his_o action_n &_o motion_n for_o the_o inner_a coat_n only_o of_o the_o artery_n have_v these_o transuerse_a fibres_fw-fr to_o these_o two_o coat_n galen_n add_v a_o three_o in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr administrationibus_fw-la anatom_n which_o some_o say_v be_v produce_v from_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o heart_n it_o be_v in_o the_o inner_a surface_n of_o the_o vessel_n much_o like_o a_o cobweb_n and_o most_o conspicuous_a about_o the_o production_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n moreover_o they_o receyve_v a_o common_a and_o fine_a membrane_n in_o the_o low_a belly_n from_o the_o rim_z in_o the_o chest_n from_o the_o pleura_fw-la which_o cover_v they_o firm_v they_o or_o ty_v they_o to_o the_o neighbour-part_n yet_o those_o artery_n which_o run_v through_o the_o bowel_n have_v not_o this_o coat_n the_o great_a artery_n be_v sometime_o call_v simple_o great_a sometime_o the_o great_a sometime_o the_o thick_a artery_n sometime_o aorta_n and_o be_v indeed_o the_o mother_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o artery_n artery_n the_o great_a artery_n except_o the_o rough_a artery_n and_o the_o venal_a and_o umbilicall_a artery_n be_v like_o a_o trunk_n or_o body_n of_o a_o tree_n out_o of_o which_o all_o the_o branch_n do_v issue_n it_o be_v engender_v say_v bauhine_v out_o of_o galen_n de_fw-fr formatione_fw-la foetus_fw-la before_o the_o heart_n be_v form_v and_o have_v one_o principle_n of_o original_a that_o be_v the_o seed_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v immediate_o make_v as_o be_v engender_v at_o the_o original_n his_o original_n same_o time_n with_o other_o spermaticall_a part_n another_o of_o dispensation_n and_o radication_n which_o be_v the_o heart_n or_o the_o left_a ventricle_n thereof_o out_o of_o which_o it_o yssu_v with_o a_o patent_n or_o open_a orifice_n whereby_o it_o receyve_v from_o the_o heart_n in_o his_o contraction_n blood_n and_o vital_a spirit_n together_o value_v value_v with_o heat_n to_o be_v transport_v to_o the_o body_n but_o because_o in_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o hart_n this_o blood_n and_o these_o spirit_n shall_v not_o return_v again_o into_o the_o ventricle_n there_o be_v place_v in_o his_o orifice_n three_o value_n yssue_v from_o within_o outward_a as_o also_o there_o be_v in_o the_o arterial_a vein_n but_o these_o of_o the_o artery_n be_v strong_a
moreover_o in_o the_o cavity_n or_o hollowness_n of_o the_o shoulderblade_n nature_n place_v a_o gristle_n to_o increase_v the_o sinus_fw-la or_o bosom_n of_o the_o bone_n lest_o in_o violent_a motion_n the_o joint_n shall_v be_v easy_o lux_v or_o put_v out_o in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o cubit_n which_o have_v a_o acute_a or_o sharp_a process_n there_o appear_v a_o gristle_n which_o fill_v up_o the_o empty_a distance_n it_o hinder_v the_o hand_n when_o it_o be_v lead_v to_o cubit_n of_o the_o cubit_n the_o side_n from_o offend_v against_o that_o acute_a process_n betwixt_o the_o sharebone_n there_o be_v a_o thick_a &_o hard_a gristle_n so_o unite_n they_o together_o that_o it_o be_v not_o credible_a they_o shall_v be_v sever_v in_o the_o time_n of_o travel_n as_o we_o have_v show_v before_o in_o the_o 33._o question_v of_o our_o five_o book_n in_o the_o cavity_n haunch_n of_o the_o haunch_n of_o the_o hanchbone_n there_o be_v another_o gristle_n which_o increase_v the_o compass_n of_o the_o bosom_n or_o cavity_n therein_o final_o in_o the_o low_a head_n of_o the_o thigh_n we_o find_v two_o semicircular_a gristle_n which_o enlarge_v the_o lip_n of_o the_o cavity_n in_o a_o word_n almost_o every_o articulation_n be_v cur_v over_o with_o a_o gristle_n to_o make_v the_o motion_n more_o easy_a more_o secure_a and_o more_o permanent_a and_o so_o much_o concern_v gristle_n now_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o ligament_n the_o second_o part_n of_o ligament_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o nature_n use_v and_o difference_n of_o ligament_n as_o the_o lubricity_n of_o gristle_n make_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o bone_n more_o nimble_a and_o quick_a so_o the_o ligament_n do_v secure_v both_o motion_n &_o articulation_n but_o there_o be_v a_o double_a acception_n of_o a_o ligament_n the_o ligament_n a_o double_a acception_n of_o a_o ligament_n one_o large_a the_o other_o press_n and_o more_o restrain_v in_o the_o first_o sense_n we_o call_v any_o thing_n a_o ligament_n which_o ty_v one_o part_n to_o another_o so_o hypocrates_n call_v the_o skin_n and_o the_o flesh_n colligation_n the_o ancient_n also_o call_v all_o manner_n of_o vessel_n vein_n artery_n and_o sinew_n common_a ligament_n in_o the_o press_n and_o strict_a signification_n we_o call_v that_o a_o ligament_n which_o be_v a_o hard_a and_o firm_a body_n yet_o lax_n and_o flexible_a and_o without_o sense_n which_o incompass_v ty_v down_o and_o contain_v the_o joint_n this_o kind_n of_o ligament_n proper_o so_o call_v the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o latin_n copula_fw-la vinculum_fw-la &_o ligamentum_fw-la we_o may_v call_v it_o a_o tie_n but_o because_o the_o word_n ligament_n be_v grow_v into_o common_a use_n we_o will_v if_o you_o please_v retain_v it_o for_o the_o most_o part_n laurentius_n give_v ligament_n the_o definition_n of_o a_o ligament_n this_o definition_n of_o a_o ligament_n it_o be_v a_o similar_v cold_a and_o dry_a part_n of_o a_o middle_a nature_n betwixt_o a_o nerve_n and_o a_o gristle_n betwixt_o a_o membrane_n and_o a_o gristle_n say_v bauhine_v engender_v by_o the_o power_n of_o heat_n out_o of_o the_o slimy_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o be_v of_o great_a use_n in_o colligation_n contain_v invest_v and_o form_v of_o muscle_n concern_v the_o temper_n of_o a_o ligament_n which_o be_v the_o form_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n all_o man_n do_v agree_v that_o it_o be_v cold_a and_o dry_a albeit_o some_o peculiar_a ligament_n of_o jointe_n be_v line_v over_o with_o a_o mucous_a and_o slimy_a humour_n but_o concern_v those_o thing_n which_o accompany_v follow_v and_o happen_v to_o the_o temper_n many_o have_v make_v scruple_n hardness_n and_o softness_n follow_v the_o temper_n sense_n and_o motion_n happen_v unto_o it_o we_o resolve_v that_o ligament_n be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n betwixt_o gristle_n and_o membrane_n hard_a than_o membrane_n least_o in_o vehement_a motion_n they_o shall_v be_v break_v and_o soft_a than_o gristle_n that_o they_o may_v more_o easy_o follow_v and_o obey_v the_o muscle_n which_o move_v the_o bone_n for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o be_v all_o insensible_a as_o well_o because_o they_o receive_v no_o nerve_n into_o they_o as_o also_o lest_o be_v perpetual_o move_v they_o shall_v breed_v perpetual_a pain_n it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o galen_n in_o his_o 3._o book_n de_fw-fr facultat_fw-la natural_a say_v that_o ligament_n consist_v of_o sensible_a fibre_n but_o we_o must_v know_v that_o by_o sensible_a in_o that_o place_n galen_n understand_v not_o that_o which_o have_v sense_n but_o that_o which_o be_v liable_a to_o sense_n not_o that_o which_o be_v sensative_a but_o that_o which_o be_v sensible_a for_o ligament_n borrow_v nothing_o from_o the_o brain_n and_o therefore_o have_v no_o sense_n neither_o can_v they_o move_v themselves_o notwithstanding_o as_o among_o the_o bone_n the_o tooth_n have_v sense_n among_o the_o gristle_n those_o that_o make_v the_o eye-lidde_n so_o among_o the_o ligament_n there_o be_v some_o which_o have_v the_o sense_n of_o touch_v as_o the_o two_o ligament_n that_o make_v the_o yard_n and_o the_o rein_n or_o bridle_v of_o the_o tongue_n the_o matter_n of_o ligament_n be_v the_o slimy_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n extend_v or_o lengthen_v by_o heat_n ligament_n the_o matter_n of_o ligament_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o can_v be_v contract_v and_o again_o relax_v their_o aliment_n i_o do_v not_o take_v to_o be_v say_v laurentius_n as_o some_o will_v marrow_n but_o blood_n convey_v unto_o they_o by_o capillary_a vein_n which_o be_v so_o little_a that_o they_o can_v be_v perceive_v the_o use_n of_o ligament_n be_v diverse_a the_o first_o and_o most_o common_a be_v to_o firm_a and_o assure_v use_n their_o use_n the_o articulation_n especial_o those_o that_o be_v more_o lax_n of_o the_o bone_n and_o the_o gristle_n and_o to_o hinder_v luxation_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v that_o when_o the_o bone_n be_v separate_v in_o violent_a motion_n they_o shall_v be_v also_o distract_v unless_o the_o wisdom_n of_o nature_n have_v provide_v to_o tie_v their_o extremity_n together_o with_o strong_a and_o straight_a bond_n these_o ligament_n which_o perform_v this_o use_n be_v either_o common_a which_o compass_n the_o joint_n round_o about_o or_o private_a the_o common_a be_v thin_a and_o membranous_a the_o proper_a be_v thick_a and_o most_o what_o round_n their_o second_o use_n be_v to_o bind_v and_o fasten_v the_o bone_n where_o they_o be_v not_o articulate_v for_o there_o be_v thin_a and_o fine_a ligament_n which_o tie_v the_o cubite_fw-la to_o the_o radius_fw-la and_o the_o leg_n to_o the_o brace_n where_o they_o gape_v asunder_o as_o also_o the_o spines_n of_o the_o spondel_n the_o three_o use_n be_v that_o which_o galen_n remember_v who_o say_v they_o serve_v for_o a_o outward_a garment_n to_o defend_v the_o tendon_n so_o the_o tendon_n which_o bend_v and_o extend_v the_o finger_n &_o the_o toe_n be_v throughout_o their_o whole_a length_n cover_v with_o ligament_n &_o with_o membrane_n add_v hereto_o the_o four_o to_o contain_v the_o tendon_n in_o their_o own_o place_n to_o establish_v they_o and_o safe_o to_o transmit_v they_o from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o such_o be_v the_o transuerse_a ligament_n of_o the_o wrist_n round_o like_o a_o ring_n and_o therefore_o call_v annularia_fw-la five_o they_o be_v interpose_v like_o a_o pillow_n betwixt_o the_o bone_n and_o the_o tendon_n that_o the_o hardness_n of_o the_o bone_n shall_v not_o offend_v the_o tender_a and_o sensible_a tendon_n six_o to_o discriminate_a or_o separate_v the_o right_a muscle_n from_o the_o left_a the_o fore_z muscle_n from_o the_o hinder_a and_o other_o part_v one_o from_o another_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o ell_n and_o the_o wand_n in_o the_o leg_n and_o the_o brace_n seavent_o to_o increase_v and_o augment_v as_o do_v the_o gristle_n the_o cup_n of_o the_o bone_n eight_o to_o suspend_v the_o bowel_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o fall_v with_o their_o great_a weight_n such_o be_v the_o ligament_n of_o the_o liver_n the_o bladder_n and_o of_o the_o womb_n final_o they_o concur_v unto_o the_o structure_n of_o a_o muscle_n for_o of_o the_o fibre_n of_o a_o nerve_n and_o a_o ligament_n mix_v together_o be_v a_o tendon_n make_v the_o difference_n of_o ligament_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o their_o substance_n magnitude_n figure_n ligament_n the_o difference_n of_o ligament_n site_n original_a insertion_n use_n and_o from_o their_o principal_a part_n from_o the_o substance_n some_o be_v soft_a some_o hard_a some_o membranous_a that_o be_v like_v unto_o membrane_n because_o they_o be_v broad_a some_o be_v nervous_a that_o be_v round_o like_o nerve_n some_o be_v grist_o from_o the_o magnitude_n some_o be_v little_a some_o be_v great_a some_o be_v broad_a and_o some_o be_v narrow_a from_o the_o figure_n some_o be_v
that_o the_o nowle-bone_n the_o vertebra_n or_o rackbone_n vesalius_n vesalius_n and_o the_o bone_n that_o be_v join_v unto_o the_o side_n of_o the_o holybone_n be_v make_v of_o many_o bone_n for_o in_o child_n even_o these_o be_v build_v up_o of_o many_o bone_n falopius_n make_v answer_v if_o vesalius_n say_v we_o may_v not_o make_v denomination_n from_o imperfect_a part_n then_o certain_o all_o anatomist_n have_v err_v who_o speak_v so_o much_o of_o appendance_n for_o they_o be_v find_v only_o in_o imperfect_a bone_n not_o after_o the_o body_n be_v grow_v but_o to_o proceed_v the_o line_n which_o we_o see_v in_o the_o jaw_n of_o a_o child_n be_v instead_o of_o a_o suture_a that_o out_o of_o it_o the_o ligament_n may_v be_v produce_v which_o go_v into_o the_o muscle_n of_o that_o place_n in_o dog_n ox_n ass_n and_o many_o other_o creature_n these_o two_o bone_n may_v easy_o be_v part_v without_o coction_n or_o any_o great_a violence_n the_o bone_n of_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v very_o hard_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n solid_a to_o make_v it_o the_o strong_a not_o because_o it_o alone_o be_v movable_a but_o because_o it_o be_v to_o endure_v diverse_a &_o those_o hard_o why_o it_o be_v hard_o very_a violent_a motion_n in_o bite_a and_o chew_v within_o it_o be_v excavate_v that_o the_o weight_n thereof_o shall_v not_o be_v offensive_a or_o hinder_v the_o muscle_n that_o move_v it_o it_o have_v also_o cavity_n to_o contain_v the_o marrow_n which_o be_v his_o nourishment_n which_o be_v not_o exsculp_v or_o grave_v in_o the_o backepart_n of_o the_o jaw_n as_o in_o bruit_n beast_n but_o more_o forward_o cavity_n cavity_n towards_o the_o region_n of_o the_o chin_n and_o the_o side_n of_o the_o jaw_n under_o the_o socket_n of_o the_o tooth_n and_o therefore_o about_o these_o place_n it_o be_v thick_a as_o it_o be_v thin_a towards_o the_o backpart_n for_o that_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v make_v thick_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o tooth_n that_o be_v to_o be_v fasten_v therein_o hence_o it_o appear_v because_o in_o old_a body_n and_o those_o who_o have_v lose_v their_o tooth_n or_o where_o the_o socket_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v grow_v up_o in_o such_o body_n i_o say_v the_o jaw_n grow_v much_o thin_a and_o narrow_a from_o below_o upward_a these_o socket_n or_o bed_n or_o mortize_v hole_n or_o what_o you_o listen_v to_o call_v they_o wherein_o the_o tooth_n be_v infix_v be_v engrave_v in_o the_o embow_v compass_n of_o the_o jaw_n perforation_n also_o it_o have_v on_o either_o side_n two_o which_o run_v through_o the_o jaw_n like_o a_o canale_n perforation_n perforation_n or_o pipe_n for_o put_v a_o bristle_n into_o the_o hole_n of_o a_o jaw_n when_o it_o be_v dry_a on_o the_o inside_n and_o you_o shall_v easy_o thrust_v it_o through_o the_o hole_n on_o the_o outside_n and_o if_o you_o break_v the_o jaw_n in_o sunder_o you_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o way_n betwixt_o the_o outward_a and_o inward_a hole_n be_v continual_a and_o form_v round_o like_o a_o canal_n the_o one_o of_o these_o perforation_n be_v inner_a and_o back_a at_o the_o internal_a bosom_n not_o far_o from_o the_o process_n it_o be_v on_o each_o side_n one_o and_o great_a than_o the_o other_o unequal_a also_o or_o rough_a beginning_n like_o a_o scale_n tab_v 11._o fig._n 2_o f_o and_o through_o it_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o three_o conjugation_n of_o nerve_n be_v disperse_v unto_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n together_o with_o a_o small_a vein_n and_o artery_n which_o send_v small_a surcle_n to_o the_o tooth_n and_o to_o the_o jaw_n the_o other_o perforation_n be_v small_a and_o round_o grave_v or_o thrill_v without_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o chin_n ta_fw-la 11._o fig._n 1._o at_o g_o on_o either_o side_n and_o by_o it_o the_o foresay_a nerve_n be_v now_o within_o do_v again_o return_v out_o of_o the_o jaw_n outward_a into_o the_o low_a lip_n and_o this_o second_o perforation_n be_v far_o lesser_a than_o the_o first_o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o socket_n of_o the_o tooth_n in_o the_o circumference_n or_o margin_n of_o both_o the_o jaw_n which_o place_n galen_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o meet_v with_o certain_a cavity_n or_o hollow_a place_n which_o the_o tooth_n the_o socket_n of_o the_o tooth_n latin_n call_v alueoli_n or_o locelli_n they_o be_v dig_v deep_a that_o the_o tooth_n like_v so_o many_o nail_n may_v be_v firmly_a fasten_v in_o they_o by_o gomphosis_n or_o by_o way_n of_o mortize_n and_o therefore_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v make_v just_a fit_n and_o answerable_a to_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o jaw_n for_o if_o they_o have_v be_v broad_a the_o composition_n will_v have_v be_v too_o dissolute_a and_o if_o they_o have_v be_v too_o narrow_a the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n will_v not_o have_v attain_a to_o their_o bottom_n but_o be_v fit_n as_o they_o be_v they_o be_v very_o firm_o contain_v the_o number_n of_o these_o socket_n can_v hardly_o be_v assign_v because_o they_o be_v sometime_o single_a sometime_o double_a sometime_o treble_a according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n moreover_o although_o they_o be_v bony_a yet_o they_o appear_v to_o be_v almost_o like_a wax_n and_o may_v well_o be_v compare_v to_o the_o hole_n of_o a_o honey_n comb_n which_o be_v often_o obliterated_a and_o often_o again_o renew_a for_o when_o a_o tooth_n be_v draw_v unless_o a_o new_a one_o grow_v up_o the_o hole_n be_v so_o constringed_a that_o there_o remain_v no_o print_n thereof_o yea_o if_o a_o tooth_n fall_v out_o and_o a_o new_a one_o do_v rise_v up_o in_o his_o room_n the_o former_a socket_n be_v obliterated_a and_o a_o new_a one_o grave_v for_o the_o new_a tooth_n hence_o falopius_n conclude_v that_o the_o lively_a and_o quicken_a formative_a faculty_n remain_v tooth_n the_o formative_a faculty_n remain_v in_o the_o tooth_n in_o the_o tooth_n unto_o the_o period_n of_o a_o man_n life_n for_o by_o it_o they_o increase_v and_o receive_v their_o form_n so_o in_o the_o cheek_n and_o the_o jaw_n when_o those_o tooth_n which_o we_o call_v genuini_fw-la dentes_fw-la or_o dentes_fw-la sapientiae_fw-la do_v shoot_v out_o haply_o about_o seaventy_n year_n of_o age_n yet_o even_o then_o new_a socket_n be_v make_v for_o they_o again_o at_o fourscore_o when_o the_o tooth_n fall_v the_o socket_n grow_v up_o and_o the_o jaw_n in_o that_o part_n be_v so_o compress_v that_o the_o bone_n on_o every_o side_n cleave_v together_o &_o at_o length_n be_v unite_v for_o the_o socket_n be_v not_o only_o fill_v with_o a_o bony_a substance_n and_o ram_v up_o but_o each_o partition_n grow_v to_o other_o do_v make_v a_o sharp_a edge_n which_o in_o old_a man_n serve_v in_o stead_n of_o tooth_n if_o not_o to_o cut_v yet_o somewhat_o to_o break_v and_o chew_v their_o meat_n and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o socket_n now_o we_o come_v to_o the_o tooth_n themselves_o chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o name_n definition_n figure_n magnitude_n number_n site_n and_o articulation_n of_o the_o tooth_n the_o tooth_n be_v call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v name_n their_o name_n to_o eat_v in_o like_a manner_n the_o latin_n call_v they_o dentes_fw-la quasi_fw-la edentes_fw-la of_o eat_v they_o be_v the_o hard_a of_o all_o the_o bone_n hollow_a within_o have_v small_a vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n articulate_v to_o the_o socket_n or_o den_n of_o their_o own_o jaw_n per_n gomphosin_n or_o by_o way_n of_o mortize_n fasten_v with_o membrane_n &_o flesh_n or_o ligament_n &_o prim_v ary_o create_v for_o the_o comminution_n or_o mitigation_n or_o chew_v of_o the_o meat_n that_o they_o be_v bone_n some_o man_n do_v deny_v first_o because_o bone_n be_v insensible_a the_o teeh_a sensible_a second_o because_o the_o bone_n have_v certain_a limit_n of_o auction_n or_o increase_n neither_o bone_n argument_n that_o tooth_n be_v no_o bone_n do_v they_o ever_o grow_v again_o if_o they_o perish_v but_o in_o tooth_n it_o be_v quite_o contrary_a three_o because_o they_o be_v hard_a than_o other_o bone_n four_o because_o bone_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n do_v grow_v black_a whereas_o the_o tooth_n keep_v their_o whiteness_n five_o they_o say_v that_o hypocrates_n in_o the_o 18_o aphorism_n of_o the_o five_o section_n distinguish_v they_o from_o bone_n where_o he_o say_v that_o cold_a thing_n be_v enemy_n to_o the_o tooth_n to_o the_o bone_n and_o to_o the_o nerve_n final_o say_v they_o there_o be_v a_o stone_n that_o will_v consume_v flesh_n call_v therefore_o sarcophagus_n which_o within_o forty_o day_n will_v devour_v the_o whole_a body_n except_o the_o tooth_n if_o therefore_o the_o tooth_n be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o
bone_n they_o also_o will_v be_v consume_v we_o answer_v to_o the_o first_o that_o sense_n be_v not_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o bone_n to_o the_o second_o answer_v answer_v that_o they_o grow_v because_o in_o attrition_n they_o be_v wear_v to_o the_o three_o that_o more_o or_o less_o do_v not_o change_v the_o species_n or_o kind_n otherwise_o the_o spungy_a bone_n shall_v be_v no_o bone_n to_o the_o four_o that_o they_o be_v accustom_v to_o the_o outward_a aer_fw-la and_o have_v no_o periostion_n on_o they_o and_o the_o philosopher_n say_v that_o that_o which_o be_v accustomable_a make_v no_o impression_n or_o alteration_n to_o the_o five_o that_o be_v to_o hypocrates_n authority_n we_o say_v that_o the_o bone_n and_o the_o tooth_n be_v affect_v by_o cold_a diverse_o the_o bone_n only_o by_o suffer_v the_o tooth_n not_o only_o by_o suffer_v but_o also_o by_o sensation_n to_o the_o sixth_o first_o we_o may_v safe_o doubt_v of_o the_o experience_n second_o we_o may_v say_v that_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o consume_v because_o they_o be_v hard_a than_o other_o bone_n it_o remain_v therefore_o according_a to_o hypocrates_n aristotle_n and_o galen_n that_o the_o tooth_n be_v bone_n for_o say_v galen_n they_o can_v be_v refer_v to_o any_o other_o similar_v part_n and_o therefore_o he_o place_v the_o tooth_n under_o the_o common_a genus_fw-la of_o the_o bone_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o the_o quality_n of_o their_o matter_n do_v agree_v as_o hardness_n solidity_n smoothness_n whiteness_n etc._n etc._n yet_o there_o be_v some_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o and_o other_o bone_n for_o among_o all_o the_o bone_n none_o but_o these_o have_v any_o exquisite_a sense_n because_o the_o tooth_n alone_o do_v admit_v nerve_n into_o their_o cavitie_n the_o tooth_n alone_o do_v increase_v as_o the_o life_n increase_v that_o without_o any_o detriment_n they_o may_v perform_v their_o office_n for_o be_v wear_v in_o the_o chew_v of_o meat_n they_o be_v increase_v again_o but_o only_o so_o much_o as_o they_o be_v wear_v away_o otherwise_o they_o will_v soon_o fail_v the_o other_o bone_n have_v no_o sense_n or_o but_o obscure_a neither_o do_v they_o increase_v always_o but_o when_o they_o come_v unto_o their_o state_n or_o perfection_n they_o make_v a_o stay_n because_o they_o be_v not_o change_v in_o the_o performance_n of_o their_o function_n they_o differ_v also_o from_o bone_n because_o they_o be_v naked_a have_v no_o periostion_n without_o they_o for_o than_o they_o will_v be_v pain_v in_o the_o wear_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o aristotle_n do_v oftentimes_o bone_n how_o they_o differ_v from_o bone_n not_o number_v the_o tooth_n among_o the_o bone_n but_o sometime_o faith_n they_o be_v bony_a sometime_o that_o they_o resemble_v the_o nature_n of_o bone_n and_o true_o in_o their_o hardness_n fastness_n or_o solidity_n they_o do_v exceed_v other_o bone_n yea_o they_o be_v little_o soft_a than_o stone_n themselves_o if_o they_o be_v not_o allout_v so_o hard_o especial_o about_o their_o extremity_n some_o be_v stony_a like_o a_o millstone_n other_o be_v sharp_a like_o the_o steel_a edge_n of_o a_o knife_n they_o be_v make_v very_o hard_o that_o they_o may_v not_o wear_v so_o soon_o or_o be_v break_v in_o the_o chaw_v or_o break_v of_o hard_a thing_n for_o they_o be_v how_o why_o they_o be_v hard_a &_o how_o not_o line_v either_o with_o fat_a or_o gristle_n as_o other_o joint_n be_v to_o hinder_v attrition_n the_o tooth_n therefore_o do_v break_v bone_n resist_v the_o edge_n of_o steel_n neither_o can_v they_o easy_o as_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v burn_v with_o fire_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr carnibus_fw-la ascribe_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o hardness_n to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o matter_n out_o of_o which_o they_o be_v engender_v for_o he_o write_v that_o out_o of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o head_n and_o the_o jaw_n there_o be_v a_o increase_n of_o a_o glutinous_a matter_n in_o that_o glutinous_a matter_n the_o fatty_a part_n fall_v down_o into_o the_o socket_n of_o the_o gum_n where_o it_o be_v dry_v and_o burn_v with_o the_o heat_n and_o so_o the_o tooth_n be_v make_v hard_a than_o other_o bone_n because_o there_o be_v no_o cold_a remain_v in_o they_o their_o outward_a surface_n be_v by_o nature_n white_a smooth_a and_o polish_a but_o in_o age_n for_o want_n of_o care_n or_o by_o disease_n they_o become_v livid_a or_o duskish_a there_o grow_v also_o unto_o they_o a_o hard_a surface_n their_o surface_n scaly_a matter_n by_o which_o as_o also_o by_o corruption_n they_o become_v rugged_a and_o unequal_a yet_o say_v the_o philosopher_n a_o horse_n tooth_n become_v white_a as_o he_o become_v old_a their_o form_n be_v before_o somewhat_o round_o behind_o more_o plain_a where_o they_o be_v join_v one_o form_n form_n to_o another_o they_o be_v even_o and_o in_o their_o extremity_n sometime_o thin_a sometime_o sharp_a sometime_o plain_a but_o always_o unequal_a they_o differ_v among_o themselves_o in_o figure_n magnitude_n and_o number_n their_o figure_n in_o man_n differ_v according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o use_n in_o chew_v in_o fish_n they_o be_v only_o difference_n difference_n acute_a or_o sharp_a in_o those_o creature_n that_o chew_v the_o cud_n they_o be_v of_o a_o double_a form_n some_o grinder_n and_o some_o shearer_n in_o man_n according_a to_o the_o three_o special_a division_n of_o meat_n there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o tooth_n shreader_n or_o shearer_n call_v incisore_n dog-teeth_n call_v canini_n and_o grinder_n call_v molares_fw-la again_o man_n tooth_n do_v not_o stand_v out_o of_o their_o form_n as_o a_o boar_n tusk_n but_o be_v conclude_v or_o shut_v within_o the_o mouth_n neither_o be_v they_o set_v like_o the_o tooth_n of_o a_o see_v as_o it_o be_v in_o dog_n for_o their_o tooth_n be_v give_v they_o in_o stead_n of_o weapon_n the_o tooth_n of_o a_o man_n be_v much_o less_o than_o the_o tooth_n of_o many_o other_o creature_n less_o than_o he_o for_o his_o mouth_n be_v much_o less_o for_o according_a to_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v the_o magnitude_n magnitude_n strength_n of_o the_o tooth_n which_o consist_v in_o their_o figure_n hardness_n and_o quantity_n yea_o mens_fw-la tooth_n compare_v among_o themselves_o be_v not_o equal_a but_o some_o great_a some_o lesser_a for_o the_o grind_a tooth_n be_v great_a than_o the_o rest_n the_o number_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o in_o all_o man_n one_o and_o the_o same_o for_o some_o have_v more_o some_o have_v few_o yet_o the_o more_o the_o better_o for_o such_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o the_o sixth_o section_n of_o number_n number_n the_o second_o epidemion_n be_v long_o live_v whereas_o those_o that_o have_v few_o tooth_n be_v but_o short_a live_v as_o aristotle_n say_v in_o the_o 3_o chapter_n of_o his_o 2_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o paucity_n and_o rarity_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v a_o argument_n either_o of_o the_o want_n of_o spermatical_a matter_n or_o of_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o formative_a faculty_n again_o those_o that_o have_v but_o few_o tooth_n do_v not_o chew_v their_o meat_n so_o thorough_o not_o prepare_v it_o so_o well_o for_o the_o stomach_n so_o that_o the_o chylus_n be_v not_o so_o well_o concoct_v and_o by_o consequence_n the_o blood_n not_o so_o pure_a for_o the_o second_o concoction_n which_o be_v in_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o liver_n do_v not_o amend_v the_o error_n of_o the_o first_o concoction_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o stomach_n story_n make_v mention_n of_o some_o man_n who_o have_v have_v but_o one_o tooth_n in_o their_o upper_a jaw_n and_o thereupon_o have_v some_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o euripheus_n the_o cyrenian_a euriptolimus_n of_o cyprus_n man_n diverse_a row_n of_o tooth_n in_o some_o man_n and_o pyrrhus_n the_o king_n of_o the_o epirot_n some_o in_o stead_n of_o tooth_n have_v one_o continual_a bone_n such_o be_v the_o son_n of_o prusias_n king_n of_o the_o bithynian_n some_o have_v have_v a_o double_a row_n of_o tooth_n as_o dripetinus_n the_o son_n of_o king_n mithridates_n trimarchus_fw-la of_o cyprus_n some_o have_v have_v 3_o row_n as_o hercules_n for_o so_o coelius_n rhodiginus_fw-la report_v in_o the_o three_o chap._n of_o his_o four_o book_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n there_o be_v but_o one_o row_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d septum_fw-la the_o hedge_n because_o it_o hedge_v in_o the_o tongue_n in_o both_o jaw_n there_o be_v in_o grow_v body_n 32_o tooth_n 16_o in_o each_o jaw_n in_o some_o man_n 30_o sixteen_o in_o the_o upper_a jaw_n and_o 14_o in_o the_o nether_a in_o some_o 28_o which_o be_v the_o least_o number_n and_o then_o the_o four_o last_o be_v want_v for_o they_o do_v not_o break_v out_o in_o
animalium_fw-la where_n he_o say_v that_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v less_o and_o weak_a as_o well_o in_o the_o work_n of_o art_n as_o of_o nature_n do_v soon_o attain_v unto_o their_o end_n that_o female_n be_v more_o wanton_a and_o petulant_a than_o males_n we_o think_v happen_v because_o lascivious_a why_o female_n be_v lascivious_a of_o the_o impotency_n of_o their_o mind_n for_o the_o imagination_n of_o lustful_a woman_n be_v like_o the_o imagination_n of_o bruit_n beast_n which_o have_v no_o repugnancy_n or_o contradiction_n of_o reason_n to_o restrain_v they_o so_o brutish_a and_o beastly_a man_n be_v more_o lascivious_a not_o because_o they_o be_v hot_a than_o other_o man_n but_o because_o they_o be_v brutish_a beast_n do_v couple_v not_o to_o engender_v but_o to_o satisfy_v the_o sting_n of_o lust_n wise_a man_n couple_n that_o they_o may_v not_o couple_v that_o woman_n testicle_n be_v hide_v within_o their_o body_n be_v also_o a_o argument_n of_o the_o couldnes_n of_o their_o temper_n because_o they_o want_v heat_n to_o thrust_v they_o forth_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o we_o do_v not_o say_v that_o woman_n do_v generate_v more_o than_o man_n for_o they_o want_v the_o matter_n and_o the_o spirit_n indeed_o they_o have_v more_o blood_n as_o we_o say_v even_o now_o and_o that_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o cold_a temperament_n which_o can_v discuss_v the_o relic_n of_o the_o aliment_n add_v hereto_o that_o the_o blood_n of_o woman_n be_v cold_a and_o raw_a than_o the_o blood_n of_o man_n we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o universal_o man_n be_v hot_a than_o woman_n males_n then_o female_n as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o natural_a temper_n as_o that_o which_o be_v acquire_v by_o diet_n and_o the_o course_n of_o life_n but_o now_o i_o have_v need_v here_o to_o apologise_v for_o myself_o for_o speak_v so_o much_o of_o woman_n weakness_n but_o they_o must_v attribute_v something_o to_o the_o heat_n of_o disputation_n most_o to_o the_o current_n and_o stream_n of_o our_o author_n lest_o of_o all_o to_o i_o who_o will_v be_v as_o ready_a in_o another_o place_n to_o flourish_v forth_o their_o commendation_n as_o i_o be_o here_o to_o huddle_n over_o their_o ntaurall_a imperfection_n qvest._n iii_o what_o seed_n be_v have_v thus_o discourse_v of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o sex_n the_o first_o thing_n necessary_a to_o generation_n it_o follow_v that_o we_o entreat_v of_o the_o seed_n which_o be_v the_o immediate_a matter_n of_o the_o same_o to_o this_o common_a place_n we_o may_v well_o give_v the_o same_o epithet_n which_o homer_n be_v wont_a to_o give_v to_o those_o place_n which_o be_v situate_v under_o mountain_n which_o he_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v have_v many_o spring_n of_o live_a water_n for_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o reader_n shall_v find_v it_o full_o of_o pleasure_n and_o contentment_n full_a of_o variety_n and_o of_o pleasant_a philosophical_a flower_n especial_o if_o i_o can_v acquit_v myself_o well_o in_o gather_v they_o and_o if_o they_o lose_v not_o their_o verdure_n and_o savour_n now_o transplant_v into_o a_o strange_a soil_n that_o i_o may_v therefore_o take_v every_o thing_n in_o order_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o first_o to_o inform_v you_o what_o the_o word_n itself_o in_o the_o original_n signify_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seman_n and_o genitura_fw-la seed_n and_o geniture_n among_o physician_n be_v take_v for_o seed_n the_o name_n of_o seed_n one_o and_o the_o same_o hypocrates_n entitle_v his_o book_n of_o seed_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o galen_n his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o hypocrates_n in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o same_o book_n call_v it_o also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o where_o he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d there_o be_v as_o in_o a_o man_n so_o in_o a_o woman_n galen_n hypocrates_n galen_n male_n and_o female_a seed_n and_o gal._n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o 62._o aphorism_n of_o the_o first_o section_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o call_v seed_n geniture_n hypocrates_n also_o for_o the_o same_o use_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la but_o galen_n in_o his_o commentary_n in_o 1._o prognost_n be_v what_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v distinguish_v between_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d where_o he_o say_v that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v rather_o the_o excretion_n of_o seed_n aristotle_n in_o the_o 18._o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la put_v aristotle_n aristotle_n a_o difference_n between_o geniture_n and_o seed_n as_o if_o geniture_n be_v ens_fw-la imperfectum_fw-la a_o imperfect_a thing_n and_o only_o one_o principle_n of_o generation_n but_o seed_n perfect_a compound_v of_o both_o principle_n for_o our_o part_n we_o will_v take_v they_o promiscuous_o although_o the_o name_n of_o seed_n be_v more_o frequent_a and_o in_o more_o ordinary_a use_n the_o nature_n of_o seed_n no_o man_n that_o i_o know_v have_v yet_o essential_o define_v hypocrates_n in_o his_o epicurus_n hypocrates_n plato_n alcmaeon_n zeno_n criticus_n epicurus_n book_n de_fw-fr genitura_fw-la call_v it_o the_o best_a and_o strong_a part_n of_o that_o humour_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o whole_a body_n pythagoras_n the_o froth_n of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o laudable_a blood_n plato_n the_o defluxion_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n alcmaeon_n a_o small_a portion_n of_o the_o brain_n zeno_n criticus_n the_o spirit_n of_o a_o man_n which_o he_o lose_v with_o moisture_n and_o the_o slough_n of_o the_o soul_n epicurus_n a_o fragment_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o the_o body_n some_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v define_v it_o to_o be_v a_o fernelius_n a_o definition_n of_o the_o ancients_n aristotle_n fernelius_n hot_a spirit_n in_o a_o moisture_n able_a to_o move_v itself_o and_o to_o generate_v the_o same_o out_o of_o which_o it_o issue_v aristotle_n say_v it_o be_v a_o excrement_n of_o the_o last_o aliment_n of_o the_o solid_a part_n sometime_o he_o call_v it_o a_o profitable_a excrement_n fernelius_n describe_v it_o on_o this_o manner_n it_o be_v that_o out_o of_o which_o originaly_a be_v make_v all_o thing_n which_o be_v according_a to_o nature_n not_o as_o out_o of_o a_o matter_n but_o as_o out_o of_o a_o efficient_a principle_n but_o it_o seem_v to_o we_o that_o none_o of_o all_o these_o do_v sufficient_o express_v the_o nature_n of_o seed_n the_o five_o first_o be_v most_o imperfect_a and_o therefore_o we_o will_v not_o contend_v with_o they_o aristotle_n description_n define_v only_o the_o matter_n which_o be_v the_o remaynder_n of_o the_o last_o aliment_n but_o the_o form_n and_o the_o efficient_a cause_n it_o touch_v not_o neither_o indeed_o do_v it_o express_v disalow_v all_o disalow_v the_o whole_a matter_n of_o seed_n because_o as_o we_o shall_v show_v anon_o there_o be_v a_o double_a matter_n of_o 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