and increase of Faith and the Exercise of Christian Religion than that Men should have certain Days whereon frequently to meet in the publick Assembly to hear the word of God seeing that Faith cometh by hearing thereof Therefore hath the Christian Church very worthily set apart certain Festivals Holy-Days or Solemnities and Commanded the same to be Religiously observed in the publick Congregation that so all daily Labours and Politick Affairs being laid aside we might thereon entirely apply our selves to the publick service of God to reading and Holy Meditation with Joy and Gladness as well of Mind as Body The first of which is the Lords-day or the weekly Feast of the Resurrection of Christ not instituted by Christ or God himself but by the Apostles of Christ in the room of the rejected Jewish Sabbath To the end 1. That Christians might not seem to be tyed and obliged to Judaism and the Ceremonies of the Jews or rather their superstitions but testifie the abrogation of the Mosaical Feasts and manifest the Liberty received by Christ. 2. That as the Jewish Sabbath did continually bring to mind the former world finished by Creation so the Lords-day might keep us in perpetual remembrance of a far better world begun by Him who came to restore all things to make both Heaven and Earth new for which cause They Honoured the Last-day We the First in every Seven throughout the Year 3. Because that Christ on this day Rose from the Dead perfected the work of Man's Redemption and so entred into the Glory of the Kingdom of the New Testament 4. That we can by no other Creature more congruously apprehend the Majesty of the Mighty and Supereminent Christ than by the most Glorious Light of the Sun the Ruler of this Day for it is written Et in Sole posuit Tabernaculum suum exiit de tribu Juda cujus signum Leo est Solare Animal The other Holy-days we divide into General that is such as are generally celebrated of all men and termed Solemnities as the Circumcision Epiphany Purification Annunciation Resurrection Ascension Pentecost Trinity c. and Particular which are kept but by some particular Church or of some whole Country or Communion called Commune as the Holy-days constituted in memory of the Apostles or else by some one Bishops See Parish or Town called the proper Holy-days of the Place as the days of some Saints or Martyrs Quae tamen Omnes saith Origanus sive universales sive particulares sint vel per integrum diem vel matutino saltem tempore Sacrae habeantur They are again divided in respect of the days whereon they fall in the Calendar into Moveable and Fixed The Moveable Feasts are those which howsoever they are celebrated on the same week-day have yet no fixed seat in the Calendar but in divers years fall upon sundry days of the Month. Such are all the Lords days throughout the year and so indeed the interjected Days which are Fixed to Certain Weeks Whereof in the first place The Lords Day when any happens betwixt the Feast of Circumcision and Epiphany hath no certain name assigned it save only the First or Second Sunday which it is after Christmass But the Lords days that follow after the Epiphany are denominated according to the Numeral Order by which they succeed the same As the First Sunday after it is called the First Sunday after Epiphany The Next the Second c. Whereof there are in some years Four in other years more or fewer according to the greater or lesser Quantity of the Intervallum Majus Howbeit the Sunday next preceding that of Septuagesima is always the last of the Sundays after Epiphany The next Four Lords days are thus nominated viz. Septuagesima Sexagesima Quinquagesima and Quadragesima the first three whereof had their Names from the Order by which they precede Quadragesima As Quinquagesima is so called because the next anteceding Quadragesima So of the rest Septuagesima is said to have been instituted for three Reasons 1. For Suppletion that is supplying or making up of that which lacketh For in regard some have not only not Fasted upon the Friday and therefore Sexagesima instituted as anon I shall tell you but neither also upon Saturday because thereon our Saviour Rested in the Grave in token of our future Rest And indeed 't is noted out of St. Augustine that the People of Asia and some others grounding their practice on a certain Tradition of the Apostles did not Fast upon the Saturday to supply therefore the Seven days of Sexagesima was thereunto added this Week or Se'n-night called Septuagesima 2. For the Signification thereof In that by this time of Septuagesima is denoted unto us the Exile and Affliction of Mankind from Adam to the End of the World and therefore are all Songs of Joy intermitted by the Church during the time of Septuagesima 3. For Representation of the Seventy years Captivity in Babylon wherefore as then the Israelites laid aside their Instruments saying Quomodo cantabimus Canticum Domini c. So the Church her Songs of Praise during all this time As touching Sexagesima you must know that Melchiades Bishop of Rome and Martyr who flourished Anno Christi 311. instituted that none should Fast upon Friday because of the Lords Supper and Ascension as upon that day so neither on the Sunday which being the First day of the week Solemnizeth the Resurrection thereby to put a difference between the Christians and Gentiles Therefore it pleased the Antients for Redemption of the Fridays in Quinquagesima to add this other week to the Fast which they call'd Sexagesima Now concerning Quinquagesima Forasmuch as the Church hath Commanded a Fast consisting of Forty days before Easter called Quadragesima or the Holy time of Lent wherein there is but Thirty six days besides the Lords Days on which she fasteth not in regard of her Joy for his Resurrection Therefore to supply this defect there were Four days of the precedent week added to the Quadragesimal Fast. After which it was first by Telesphorus Bishop of Rome and Martyr who Flourish'd Anno Christi 141. And since that by Gregory the Great Decreed That all Priests should begin their Fasts Two days sooner viz. Two days before the Four so added To the end that as they preceded the People in Dignity so they might precede them also in Sanctity Wherefore to the Week of Quadragesima was this other added named Quinquagesima Which is also called Esto mihi from the entrance of the Ecclesiastical Caution thereon used taken from Psalm 30.3 Esto mihi in Deum Protectorem c. Of the Fast of Lent VErstegan saith That the Old Saxons called March by the Name of Lenct-Monat that is according to our New Orthography Length-Month because that then the days did first begin to exceed the Nights in Length And this Month being by our Ancestors so called when they received Christianity and consequently therewith the
First God therein so ordained things that the Families of the Israelites should not be destroyed but more especially that Family out of which the Messiah was to come 2. To shew unto us what a special regard he hath of the Poor to put them in hope of a better condition for the Future and also lay down a way to Brotherly Communion so far forth as the condition of this Life will permit 3. And as the Olympiads were in use among the Greeks the Lustra among the Antient but the Indictions among the Later Romans whereby they supputated time so also that the Hebrews should be accustomed to Number their times by Jubile's so soon as possess'd of the Holy Land 4. To shadow unto them by this Publique Jubile and Solemn Joy the Lord Jesus and the whole business of their Salvation And this himself alluded unto Luke 14. Where he saith Se illum esse qui tempus illud acceptum annum beneplaciti aut gratiae Divinae indixerit Hitherto of the Jewish Festivals ordained by God himself and Commanded diligently to be observed by his People It followeth now that I give you the rest which were instituted by Men and received of the Church for the Honour of God and to commemorate His exceeding great Mercies and Benefits The Jewish Solemnities instituted by Men are I. THe Jejunia quatuor or Four Solemn Fasting-days whereof Mention is made by the Prophet Zachary Chap. 8. 1. The First of which is The Fast of Jerusalem besieged which notwithstanding it be the last according to the order of the Months yet it is the first in respect of the Order of the thing done This was celebrated the Tenth day of the Tenth Month Thebith on which day Nebuchadnezzar first Pitched his Tents before and besieged Jerusalem 2 Kings 25. 2. The Second is The Fast of Jerusalem taken by Nebuchadonozor celebrated the Ninth day of the Fourth Month Tamuz 3. The next is The Fast of the City forsaken or desolate celebrated the Ninth of the Fifth Month Ab because that on this day in this Month the City and Temple were set on Fire first by Nebuchadonozor King of Babylon and after that by Titus 4. The Fourth The Fast of Godolia or Gedalia who was left in Judea by Nabuzarda and slain by the treachery of Ismael celebrated the Third day of the Seventh Month Thisri II. To these Four Fasts during the Captivity of Babylon was annexed the Solemn Fast of Queen Hester instituted in Memory of the Three-days Fast she Commanded when about to apply her self to King Abasuerus on behalf of the Jews Hest. 4. and celebrated the third day of the twelfth Ecclesiastical Month Adar whereon all the Jews throughout the Kingdom of Persia should have been slain by perswasion of Haman as 't is in the same Book of Hest. Ch. 3. and 9. Afterwards this day became more Celebrious for the signal victory of Judas Machabaeus who overthrew the Army of Antiochus with Nicanor the Captain of it 2. Machabaeus Cap. ult III. The Jews likewise celebrated of Old the Fast of the Tables of rhe Law broken which Moses when descending from Mount Sinai dash't against the Ground and broke in Pieces as being offended at their Idolatry of worshipping the Calf the Seventeenth day of the Fourth Month Tamuz IV. The days of Purim or the Feast of Lots so called because Haman had cast the Life and Death as it were of the Jews upon the hazard of a Lot which Feast was first celebrated by Mordochaeus and Hester the Fourteenth and Fifteenth days of the last Month Adar in memory of the Lords most wonderful Protection when Haman had laid his inevitable Plot to Mans thinking for the utter-extirpation of the Jews even in One Day Hester Ch. 3. V. The Feast of Comportion of Wood mention'd by Josephus lib. 2. de Bell. Jud. Ch. 17. celebrated in the Fifth Ecclesiastical Month Ab in memory of the wood comported or brought for perpetual Nourishment of the Holy Fire in the Temple of Jerusalem according to the Law of God Nehem. 10. VI. The Encaenia or Feast of Dedication or Consecration and Renovation of the Temple instituted by Judas Machabaeus For when Antiochus Epiphanes came out of Egypt into the Holy Land and so to Jerusalem he reduced both the City and Temple everted the true worship of God carried away the vessels of the Temple and therein placed the Idol of Jupiter Olympius as you may read 1 Mac. 1. But Judas Machabaeus having undertaken a War against the Captains of Antiochus overthrown their Armies and recovered the City Purged the Temple threw down and burnt the Idol and again Dedicated both the Altar and Temple to the Worship of God in Memory of which this Feast was celebrated He also ordained that the dedication of the Temple which was made at the first in Eight days should be renewed and celebrated by Anniversary Holy-Days for Eight days together with Rejoycing and Gladness beginning from the Twentyfifth of Cisleu 1 Mac. 4. And this is the Feast whereof St. John the Evangelist maketh mention and whereat he writes our Saviour Christ himself was present VII The Solemnity of the expiation of the Tower of Jerusalem instituted by Simon Asmonaeus Brother to Judas Machabaeus on the Twenty third of Ijar For having by Famine taken the Tower of Jerusalem which a Garrison of Antiochus had until then defended and vexed the Citizens with continual excursions He cleansed the same as on this day by a Solemn Rite to the great Rejoycing of the whole City and Commanded it to be every year Celebrated by Posterity with Festival Joy and Gladness 1 Mac. 13. VIII Lastly The Marriage Festivities observed by the space of Seven days Gen. 29.22 and Judg. 14.10 which are Honourably mentioned by Christ in his Parables and vouchsafed his presence and first Miracle John 2. And these are the Feasts and solemnities celebrated by the Antient Jews whereof so frequent mention is made in Scripture For the rest instituted after their Destruction and Repudiation and observed by the Modern Jews in all places wheresoever they are dispersed as the Feast of the New-year The Feast of Reconciliation The Feast of Gladness or Joy of the Law The Feast-days of the Equinoxes and Solstices c. none of which are discerned in the Old Testament I shall forbear any mention of them putting here a period to the Festivals and Fasts of the Jews Of the Festivals and Fasts of the Christians whereby any of an Ordinary Capacity may quickly understand the main Body of our English Calendar NOw as touching the Solemnities of the Christians we find not any one certainly declared in all the New Testament neither any Man bound to the strict Observation of those which were used of Old by the Jews Yet because the exercise of Godliness may be oft times intâ—â—rupted through the infirmities of the flesh and cares of the world and that nothing is more convenient nothing more necessary to the confirmation
the very Sabbath of all his Labour in the work of our Redemption The Sixth Sunday after Easter is called Exaudi from the Entrance of Psal. 27. Exaudi Domine vocem meam c. After which doth succeed the Solemnity of Pentecost so called because the Fiftieth day from the Resurrection of Christ. It is vulgarly called Whit-Sunday or White-Sunday from the Catechumens who were cloathed in White and admitted to the Sacrament of Baptism on the Eve of this Feast But Verstegan says it was Anciently called Wied-Sunday that is Sacred Sunday for that Wied or Wihed signifies Sacred in the old Saxon. Which Festival as it was of old Celebrated by the Jews the Fiftieth day after the Passover in memory of the Divine Law promulgated on Mount Sinai so is this Fiftieth day after Easter by all good Christians to commemorate the Mission of the Holy Ghost thereon which is the only best interpreter of the Divine Law Next the Feast of the Holy Trinity bearing the Lords day following which was instituted by Gregâ—ry the fourth who held the Episcopal Chair Anno 827. in Honour of the Holy Trinity The Thursday next after is the Festival of the Body of Christ commonly called Corpus-Christi day which Urban the fourth Bishop of Rome instituted about the year of Christ 1264. The Sundays following this of the Holy Trinity are all of them called according to the Numeral order whereby they succeed Trinity Sunday until the First of Advent Lastly the Four Lords days immediately preceding the Nativity of Christ are called the Sundays of Advent ab adventu Domini in carnem and were instituted by the Church to the end that from the First of them until the Nativity of our Saviour our minds might be prepared to a sober life and a pious Meditation of his Birth then approaching Parate viam Domini reclas facite semitâ—s Dei nostri And these are the Christian Solemnities or Holy days rightly called Moveable The Fixed or Stative are they which notwithstanding they fall upon divers dayâ— of the Week yet do they not Change but always fall upon one and the same day of the Month and so have a Fixed and certain 〈◊〉 in the Calâ—ndar Of this sort are The Circumcision of Christ the Epiphany and all other the Feasts of Saints and Marâ—yrs â—xcept the Movable before recited The Circumcision which is the first in the order of thâ— Calendar in Commemoration of the Mystery of his Legal Circumcision when He who was the Truth and Substance did at once fulfil and take away the Type thereof The Epiphany or Apparition or the Feast of Twelfth-day after Christmas so called and celebrated in Memory and Honour of Christs Manifestation or Apparition made to the Gentiles by a Miraculous Comet or Blazing Star by vertue whereof He drew and conducted the three Magi or Sages commonly called the three Kings who upon sight of that Star came out of the East into the Country of Palestine or Jewry to adore him in the Manger where a Twelve-Month after Christs Birth they presented him with Myrrhe Gold and Frankincense in testimony of his Regality Humanity and Divinity whereof Prudentius in the following verses Hic pretiosa Magi sub virginis ubere Christo Dona ferunt Puero Myrrhae Thuris Auri Miratur Genetrix tot casti ventris honores Seque Deum genuisse Hominem Regemque Supremum Which are thus excellently translated by Dr. Edward Spark in his Primitive Devotion The Wise men here Choise Treasures do dispense To Christ and Mary Myrrhe Gold Frankincense While thus astonish'd at this glorious thing A maid at once to bear God Man and King Or from the Holy Ghost's appearing in the Shape of a Dove at his Baptism thirty years after for this sixth day of January was the day of his Baptism and therefore it is also called by Alcas Cyriacus an Arabique Manuscript of Astronomical Tables in the Arch Bishop's Archives in the Oxford Library as the Learned Dr. Hammond tells me The Feast of Epiphany or Benediction of Waters The Vigil whereof was of Old called Vigilia Luminum and the Ancients were then wont to send Lights one to another This day was anciently celebrated by the Romans in Honour of Augustus Caesar for the conquest of Parthia Egypt and Media which were thereupon added to the Roman Empire wherefore the Church willing to change that Solemnity for a better instituted this of the Epiphany in the room of it The testification of his true Incarnation was by the Feast of the Purification of the Blessed Virgin when Jesus was presented in the Temple and proclaimed by Simeon and Anna to be the Messiah This Feast was instituted by Justinian the Emperor Anno Christi 542. Saint Matthias who being one of the Seventy Disciples was after the Ascension chosen Apostle by Lot in the room of Judas the Traytor He Preached the Gospel in Macedonia and coming afterwards into Judea was there first stoned by the Jews and thâ—n beheaded after the Roman manner Anno Christâ— 51. The Feast of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin is kept in remembrance of the time when the Angâ—l Gabriâ—l declared our Saviours conception or Inâ—aâ—nation by the Holy Ghosâ— Saint Mark the Evangelist who Penned the Life Acts Miracles Deaâ—h and Resurrection of our Saviour He was the first Bishop of Alexandria where he Preached the Gospel and so all over the bordering Regions from Egypt to Pentapolis At the same Alexandria in the time of Trajan he had a Cable-Rope tyed about his Nâ—ck by which he was drawn from the place call'd Bucolus unto that other call'd Augets where he was burnt to Ashes by the Furious Idolaters against whom he had preached Anno Christi 63. and buried at Bucolus Saint Philip and Saint James both Apostles and Martyrs The first of the City of Bethsaida who preached the Gospel in Phrygia and converted the Eunuch Candaules He is said by some to have sent twelve Disciples into Britain for conversion thereof But at length the Painims laid hold on and Crucified him at Hierapolis about the year of Christ 53. The later viz. Saint James the lesser Son of Alpheus the Author of that excellent Epistle bearing his Name who was for his Wisdom and Piety surnamed the Just. After the Ascension he was Created Bishop of Jerusalem where when he had govern'd that Church for thirty years space he was first stoned and afterward placed on a Pinacle of the Temple from whence he was precipitated and then lying with his Thighs broken and half dead lifting up his Hands to Heaven knocked on the Head with a Fullâ—rs club in the seventh year of Nero. The Feast of Saint John Baptist son of Zachary and Elizabeth and who was of the Tribe of Levi of him that shewed us the Lamb of God the Son of the Father which taketh away the Sins of the World who nevertheless was beheaded by Hâ—rod the Tetrarch at the request of Herodias the Relict of his Brother Philip Anno
day by any sign of Concoction Hence the days themselves are divided into Three Classâ—s For 1. Some are called Critical nomine Generico 2. Oâ—hers Judicative on which Sentence is Pronounced 3. Oâ—thers Intercident the which are Posited between the judicative and Critical whereon the Diseases is Remitted Many other Distinctions there are amongst Physicians not so proper for this Place For here I intend not to enumerate all belonging to Physick but such only as concern Astrology Nor shall I need to say any thing of the Sympathy and Antipathy Power and Efficacy of the Stars my room being so Narrow and the same amply handled in several Learned Authors Only I think it requisite before I come to the manner of Acquiring the Critical and Judicative Days to say something concerning the Terminus à quo or the Point of time from whence they take their Original Seeing therefore that by these Critical and Decretory days some Notable Alteration would be foreseen tending either to the Health or Death of the Patient 't is fit we begin our Account from the first Notable Point of the Diseases Invasion For to Assign a beginning to the Disease is a thing very hard to be done as Galen himself confesseth Lib. 1. Cap. 6. Exactè primum Principium ferè est insensibile The time when the Sick-party takes his Bed is the beginning of his Decumbiture but not the beginning of the Disease For a Man that is strong and robust endures a Disease more easily and takes not his Bed so soon as a Man that is tender weak or fearful of Mind who suspecting himself upon every Idle Pinch gets forthwith to Bed Nevertheless in many Diseases as the Vertigo Epilepsie Paralysis Apoplexy Haemorrhagia Plurisie and the like it is easie to find out the precise Beginning or Hour the Disease Invadeth And the Learned in Astrology do believe and affirm that the Moment of time to be taken for the beginning of the Disease is the very Instant in which a Man shall perceive any manifest Hurt or Malady in his Body as when he begins to lie down and be Sick of a Feaver but not when the Head akes or that he suffers any other trivial Symptom Because these are not Feavers but rather Febrium Nuntii the Messengers of Feavers Thus Hippocrates observed his Indications from the day a Man Sickned of a Feaver but not from the day whereon he perceived a Heaviness of the Body only or was troubled with the Head-Ach For by how much sharper and more violent the Feaver is by so much is it the more Manifest to sense and impossible the first Assault or Invasion thereof should be hid from the Patient It now follows that I shew the manner of numbering and determining these Critical days by the Motion of the Moon because the Radix and Fountain of this Doctrine is of all Astrologers and by Hippocrates and Galen themselves said to consist in her Efficacy and in the Motion and Position of the Parts of the Zodiaque And first I will shew you the manner of finding out the Critical and Indicative days by an Octogonal or Figure of 8 sides according to the Opinion of Hippocrates and Galen the construction whereof follows First find the Place of the Moon to the beginning of the Patient's Decumbiture as before you were taught Next let a Circle be described and divided into 8. equal parts representing the Zodiaque wherein the Moon is moved And let the Degree and Minute the Moon is in at the Hour of the Patients Decumbiture be Posited in the first division or Angle of the Figure which shall be accounted as the Ascendant or First-House Thirdly Let 45 degrees be added thereunto aâ— to the Radical place of the Moon for so many degrees are the Angles of this Octogonal Figure distant one from another and by this means you have the Moons Place in the Second Angle called the First Indicative Unto which if you add 45 degrees more it gives you the Place of the Moon in the Third Angle in which the First Crisis is Celebrated being always elongated from the Radical Point by the space of 90 degrees After this Add 45 degrees to the place of the Moon in the Third Angle and the Aggregate givâ—s you the Place of the Moon in the Fourth Angle wherein is made the Second Indicative and if thereunto you again add 45 degrees they make 180 degrees the direct point of Opposition And so by a continued Addition of 45 degrees until she return to the Radical Point of the Decumbiture By which means there will be Four principal Angles in which the Crises are observed and 4 Less principâ—l wherein the Days-Indicative are Demonstrated Lastly let the Planets be inserted in their respective Places of the Figure thus Delineated to the time of the Patients Decumbiture Now seeing it is manifest by what hath been said that the Critical days are made in such time as the Moon counting from the time of the Decumbiture or the first Paroxism of the Disease shall have run through one fourth part of the Zodiaque or 90 degrees wherein she produced the first Crisis or Alteration in the Disease which commonly happens on the Seventh day yet we must note that it may fall out on the Sixth if the Moon be swift in Motion or if slow on the Eighth day And because this Aspect is Evil Naturally by reason of the Signs Disconveniency in Qualities Passive or Active therefore a War commences between the Disease and Nature whence it is deservedly call'd Criticus Primus the first Critical Day whereon if it happen that the Moon be afflicted by Saturn or Mars or the Lord of the Eighth this Crisis the Disease growing worse and worse tends unto Death But if the Disease end not this Critical day you must wait till she comes to her Opposite Point which fâ—lls out commonly the Fourteenth day and sometimes the Thirteenth or Fifteenth according as the Moon is Swift or Slow in Motion For then the Second Crisis is to be looked for Whereon if yet the Disease be not Loosn'd then we must attend the Mâ—ons access to her other Quadrate in which shall be the Third Crisis viz. the 20 or 21 day according to the Moon 's Swift or Slow Motion And if the Diseâ—se continue still we must mark when the Moon returns to her Radical Place for then the Lunar Month is finished whose Period is 27 days and 8 hours and the Fourth and Last Crisis accomplished in Acuâ—e Diseasâ—s Wherefore if the Disease shall persevere beyond the Lunar Month we must thenceforward have regard to the Motion of the Sun and the râ—st of thâ— Planets For then the Acute degenerates into a Câ—ronical or long continued Disease as Quartan Feavers and the like Aâ— for the Second species of the Critical Points called Indicative they are such as fall exactly in the Middle of every Qâ—adrature For when the Moon â—ttains the half of her Quadrate that is 45 degrees of the
ancient Christian Custom of Fasting they called this chief Season of Fasting the Fast of Lent because of Lenct-Monat wherein the most part of the time of this Fasting always fell and hereof it cometh that we now call it Lent or rather the Fast of Lent Sir Richard Baker saith it was first Commanded to be observed in England by Ercombert the 7 th King of Kâ—nt before the year of Christ 800. Of Ashwednesday THis is the Head or Beginning of the Quadragesimal Fast or Holy time of Lent dedicated by Gregory the Great to the Consecration of and Sprinkling with Ashes being therefore called Dies Cinerum or Ashwednesday And yet as Hospinian confesseth there is extant an Homily of Maximus Bishop of Tours in France with this Inscription IN DIE CINERUM which shews the institution thereof before his time For that Maximus Taurinensis lived 170 years before him viz. Anno Christi 440. Quadragesima is so called for that as before hath been noted it is Forty days distant from Easter comprehending the Fast of Lent as kept by the Primitive Christians in Imitation of our Saviours Fast of Forty days and Forty nights in the Desart It iâ— otherwise named Invocavit because that thereon iâ— sung Invocavit me ego exaudiam eum or taken out of Psal. 91.14 This is the First Sunday in Lent The Second Sunday in Lent is called Reminiscere from the entrance of the 6 verse of Psal. 25. Remeniscere miserationum tuarum Domine c. The Third Oculi from the entrance of the 15 verse of the same 25 Psal. Oculi mei semper ad Dominum c. The Fourth Laetare from the entrance of thâ— 10 verse of the 66 Chapter of Isaiah Laetare cuâ— Jerusalem c. it is called also Dominica de Rosa from the Golden Rose which the Roman Bishop carrieth in his Hand before the People in the Temple Likâ—wise Dominica de Panibus for that thereon the Miracle of the five Loaves in the Gospel is explained We in England rightly call it Midlent-Sunday The Fifth Judica from the entrance of Psalm 34. Judica me Deus discerne causam meam c. The Sixth Dominica Magna or the great Lords day because of the great and ineffable good thing which befel the Faithful in the following week viz. Death abolished Slander removed and the Tyranny oâ— the Devil loosed by the Death of Christ. It is also called Palm-Sunday from the Branches of Palms which the Jewish People strewed on the ground when our Saviour enter'd Jerusalem The Wednesday next after this is the Council day of the Scribes and Pharisees The Thursday following the Parasceve or preparation of the Legal-Passover and the Night thereof the Institution of the Supper This is otherwise called Maundy-Thursday from a Ceremony antiently used by the Bishops and Prelatâ—s in Cathedral Churches and Religious Houses of washing their Subjects Feet Which Ceremony is term'd the fulfilling the Mandate and is in imitation of our Saviour Christ who on this day at Night after his last Supper and before his Institution of the Blessed Sacrament washed his Disciples Feet telling them afterwards that they must do the like to one another which is the Mandate whence the day is denominated At the beginning of the aforesaid Ceremony these words of Christ uttered by him anon after his washing their Feet Joh. 13.34 are sung for an Antiphon Mandatum novum do vobis ut diligatis invicem sicut dilexi vos And lastly Good Friday being the Day of the Passion and Cross of Christ whereon he suffer'd and satisfied for the Sins of the whole World Next to the great Week succeeds the Pasche or Feast of Easter celebrated not in memory of the Angels Transit in Egypt according to the Jewish Custom but of the Resurrection of our Saviour And yet we retain the name Pasce not only because the Lamb which of old was kill'd by the Jews in the Passover was a Type of the Lamb of God Christ Jesus which was slain and sacrificed for the salvation of the World but because at that very time â—e passed from this World to his Father for Paesah or Phase signifies a passage or because that then a passage is made from an Old to a New Life It is called Easter from Eoster a Goddess of the Old Saâ—cons whose Feast they kept in April or as Minshew hath it because at that time our Sun of Righteousness did rise as the Sun in the East And â—his is the foundation Basis of all the Lords days in the year After this doth immediately follow the Quinquagesimal Interval of Fifty days betwixt Easter and Pentecost which was kept by the Primitive Christians as a whole Festival in Honour of the Resurrection and Ascension of Christ and the Glorious Mission of the Holy Ghost with exceeding great Rejoycing and Gladness It containeth Six Lords days or Sundays Whereof The First is called Quasimodogeniti from the entrance of 1 Pet. 2.2 Quasi modo geniti Infantes rationabiles sine dolore lac concupiscite It is otherwise called Dominica in albis in respect of the Angels that appear'd at the Resurrection in White Garments and because such as of Old were Baptized on Easter day did wear and walk in White Garments all the Week after until this day on which they laid them aside Or for that those who had then been Baptized were confirm'd of the Bishop and put on other White Vestments which they wore till the following Sunday The Second Sunday after Easter is called Misericordia from the entrance of the 5 verse of Psal. 32. Misericordiâ Domini plena est terra c. The Third Jubilate from the entrance of Psal. 65. Jubilate Deo omnis terra c. The Fourth Cantate from the entrance of Psal. 98. Cantate Domino Canticum novum c. The Fifth Vocem jucunditatis from the like entrance Vocem jucunditatis annunciate audiatur c. This is also called Rogation Sunday and the Week following Rogation Week Invented or Restored by Mamercus or Mamersus Bishop of Vienna Anno Christi 452. and so called à rogando Deum as being once we cannot say now Extraordinarily consecrated above all other weeks in the year unto Prayâ—rs and Supplications 1. Because Princes about this time undertake their Wars 2. For that the Fruits of the Earth being in their Blossom are in great hazard In both which respects all Christians have good occasion at this Season especially to Pray In this week also it hath been an ancient and good Custom continued till of late days to make perambulations and processions in every Parish and Township for viewing and considering the ancient Bounds and Limits to prevent incroachments and contentions On the Thursday also of this Week which is the Fortieth day from Easter was wont to be celebrated the Feast of Christs Ascension which is the Consummation of all he did and taught whilst on Earth and therefore termed Foelix clausula totius Itinerarii filii Dei
thought upon that may ere long amaze the unjust Usurpers of his Royal Fathers Birth-right But no more of that this Year I will not trouble my self much longer with this Malicious Fellows Errors and Impertinencies nor with his scurrillous Language belch'd out against an Irish Gentleman who writ an Almanack Printed at Waterford in Ireland I never saw the Book and therefore I cannot judge of any thing in it nor admit of any such thing as Booker pretends to have Corrected him in For I have it from good hands that the Gentleman is so knowing a Scholar that it is incredible he should be guilty of such gross Errors as Booker hath charged him with And you have seen how able a Man Booker is to Correct any body But were I that Manapian he speaks of I would reward him with another Scheme for the future Opposition of the same Planets which happens upon the 20 day of October 1647. at half an hour past 6 a Clock in the Morning Saturn being then in 0. deg 27 min. of Gemini the Ascendant of London and Mars in 0. deg 27 min. of Sagit as appeareth by the Figure which I have Calculated exactly for the Meridian of London because it will much concern the South and West parts of England and that in a higher measure than the Conjunction before treated of doth the Kingdom of Ireland See the Scheme A Labente Anno. 1647 Octobr. 20 18 Hor 4 min 18 sec. Lost meridiem Latitud 51.32 And until the time of this Opposition do the Effects of the Conjunction vigorously extend themselves and then they have lasted 539 days which wants but 8 days of a Year and a half after which time the Effects of this Opposition shall begin and forcibly Operate until their next Conjunction which will happen again upon the 28 day of June 1648. in the 11 deg of Gemini which will be very ominous to some parts of England and especially the City of London For I cannot say the Effects of the Opposition shall cease when the Mathematical Circuit of their Conjunction finishes because that next Conjunction doth likewise happen in the Sign Gemini wherein Saturn is at the time of his Opposition to Mars which will not much differ in signification Although it be a received Truth that the Effects of the Opposition of these two Planets do commonly work more violently and quick Nam diametrae radiationes quemadmodum Tetragonismi mortes repentinas violentas mutationes faciunt congressus vero generalia accidentia And Haly the Arabian in his 8 Part Cap. 6. saith Quod Oppositio Saturni Martis est deterior eorum Conjunctione deteriores ac maligniores significationes demonstrant And indeed this is very Malicious in that they are both unhappily affected and afflicted Saturn being infortunate and Mars out of all his Essential Dignities and otherwise but meanly Fortified Haec oppositio significat quod homines in se invicem discordabunt prosequentur se mutuo odio cessabunt se familiariter invisere detrabet quilibet alteri Haly Part 8. Cap. 25. This Opposition signifieth that Men shall wrangle one with another and shall Prosecute themselves mutually with hatred And they shall forbear to visit one another familiarly And every one shall back-bite or speak evil of another It further praemonstrates great Pestilence and Mortality especially amongst Old Men Many Thefts and Robberies much deceitful dealing and that generally Men shall betray their Trust. That many unjust and unreasonable Taxes shall be imposed under several specious pretences to the undoing of many far worse than that of Ship-money I have taken the pains to set Booker the Scheme rightly for London and if he do not too much play the Fool or the Knave he needs must exceedingly terrifie the People subject to the Sign Gemini wherein Saturn is at the time of this Opposition in the 8. House the House of Death and Venus who is Lady of the 8. House is with the Moon in the latter end of the 2. House where likewise Mars afflicteth The 4. deg of Leo culminates Jupiter is in the latter end of the 10. House but Saturn and Mars do strongly besiege him He is miserably afflicted by their hateful square and is also in his Detriment Look now to your selves you of the Presbyterian-Cut the People are weary of your extemporary non-sence You Judges Officers and Magistrates who have betrayed or forsaken your Master and perverted the Law to serve your own wills expect to render an account of your Actions I unfeignedly protest you are all strongly threatned From the Sun and Mercury expect your comfort or none They cast a Friendly Sextile to Jupiter and they are free from the Malevolents though in the most viperous Sign of the Zodiack The Sun here represents His Majesty of England as being both Lord of the 10. House and Natural Significator of Kings Mercury as he is with the Sun hath signification of the Masters of the Houses of Princes and great Lords and their Secretaries and Stewards And they are both if not only Angular in the Figure This promises well to His Majesty and his Servants and not one jot of ill to Ireland By this time a Man may call a Spade a Spade Let me see the Face of him dare call the Queens Majesty a Traytor But the States have Voted her so for her Love so exemplarily shewed to the King her Husband Is there not one Lord nor Ten Commoners yet ashamed of it Yes some blush others are bold and impudent some stupidly senseless others wrangling away their Lives by strange and noisome Diseases some are threatned by Prodigious Births and those too of their own begetting And what not to render a People palpably accursed miserably and fully wretched Ireland now demands a reason for the Ordinance of the 24 of October 1644. And asks if you will buy any Land there Scotland tells you they have as great an Interest in the King as England and will in some of the Lands too if you will needs In a word we all look back and say Lord what have we done and been a doing for 7 Years Some make Question whether they be awake or in a Dream All Men are at a stand yet still in Action The besotted Crew do quake and murmure say little but think mischievously Furórne coecus an rapit vis acrior An culpa Responsum date Tacent Et ora pallor albus inficit Mentesque perculsae stupent Doth fury blind or greater Power command Is Sin the cause Oh let me understand They silent are Their cheeks are paler made And fears their horror-strucken Minds invade But it is the Conjunction of Saturn and Mars upon the 28 of June 1648. before mentioned will be assuredly Fatal to London and many other places of England I pray God avert the Judgments thereby threatned and incline the Hearts of His Majesties Subjects that as they are or ought to be all Christians so to be of
Speaker pro tempore The same day Maj. Gen. Overton and others Committed by the Old Protector were discharged by the Parliament from their Imprisonment Anno 1659. Apr. 7 A representation to Rich. Prot. published by the Officers of the Army 8 A Copy thereof sent by the Protector inclosed in a Letter to the Speaker After which the Protect stood upon his guard 14 Challon Chute Esq a no less Honest then Emin Lawy. departed this Life Apr. 15 Mr. Bampfield chosen Speaker in his place 16 The Quakers Petition'd the Parl. against Magistracy and Ministry but discountenanced 22 Rich. Protector his Party deserting him consented to a Commission and Proclamation for dissolving the Parliament which was doâ—e accordingly After which himself also was decently laid aside 23 The late Kings Party Commanded out of London 25 The House of Com. shut up and entrance denyed the Members that attempted to sit again May 6 A Declar. of the Officers of the Army inviting the Members of the long Parl. who continued sitting till Apr. 20. 1653. to return to the Excercise and discharge of their Trust. Ordered to be Printed and Published and Will. Lenthal Esq solicited to sit again Speaker which after some Scruples and Objections made by him he agreed to 7 Some Members of the long Parliament sat again 14 The late Protector 's great Seal broken in the House and their own Old one confirm'd 15 A New Council of State Nominated and appointed 16 White-Hall and Somerset-house Voted to be sold. June 4 President Bradshaw Tho. Tyrrel and Jo. Fountain constituted Commission of the great Seal 22 H. Cromwel Lieutenant of Irel. by Letters signified his submission to the Parl. in delivering up the Gover. of that Nation to their Commissioners July 1 Great Jealousies and Fears which occasion'd a general Seisure of Horses in and about London 2 Henry Cromwel arrived from Ireland 6 And having given the Council an account of the State of Affairs there had leave given to go where he pleased The Sale of Hampton-Court Voted to be forborn till further Order 9 Henry Cromwel retired into Cambridge-shire 11 Souldiers at Enfield beaten by the Country People and Nine of them sent to Newgate 26 A Bill passed for setling the Militia in England and Wales 29 The Lady Mary Howard committed to the Tower and numbers of other Persons seized on and secured in several Prisons 31 Col. Massey taken in Glocestershire but escaped Aug. 1 An Insurrection in Cheshire Headed by Sir Geo. Booth whose Forces surpriz'd Chester Liverpool Chirk-Castle and some other places 6 Lord Lambert advanced with his Forces toward the North for suppressing them Maj. Gen. Desborough towards the West 9 Sir George Booth and others with him proclaimed Rebels 19 Sir George Booth Routed near Northwich and soon after Chester and Liverpool surrendred to the Parliaments Forces 23 Sir George Booth taken in Newport-Pagnel and the same day 1000 l. bestowed by the Parliament upon the Lord Lambert to buy him a Jewel with for this his good Service 24 Sir George Booth committed to the Tower and Chirk-Castle surrendred upon Articles 27 A New Act for Sequestration Sep. 7 A Procla against Mr. Mordant and others suspected to be engaged with Sir George Booth 8 James Naylor that notorious Blasphemer discharged by the Parliament from his Imprisonment in Bridewel 20 Lord Lambert return'd to London Octob. 5 A Representation and Petition of the General Council of the Army presented to the Parliament 6 The Parliam Council of State and Field Officers of the Army magnificently Feasted by the City at Grocers-Hall 12 The Lord Lamberts and other Officers Commissions Voted by the Parliament as a special Mark of their Favour Null and Void and themselves discharg'd from all Military Imployment An Act appointing seven Commissioners for Government of the Army 13 The Parliament shut out of the House by the Army 14 The Lord Fleetwood nominated Commander in Chief Col. Cob. sent to Scotl. Ireland Col. Bar. sent to Scotl. Ireland to give the Reasons of these their Proceedings in England 20 Gen. Monk signifies by Letters his dislike thereof and advanc'd his Forces into England 26 A Committee of Safety established 27 A Declaration of the General Council of the Officers of the Army 29 L. Gen. Ludlow arrived from Ireland 31 President Bradshaw dyed Nov. 1 A Committee appointed to prepare a Form of Government Four Persons sent as Commissioners to General Monk to Remonstrate the State of Affairs in England and compose if possible the difference with him 3 L. Lamb. advanced with Forces towards him 5 A Proclam inhibiting all meetings for the raising of Forces without Order 12 Three Comm. sent from Gen. Monk arrived in London 14 They Treated with as many Comm. of the Ar. 15 The Treaty ended in an Agreement Dec. 4 Portsmouth revolted and the pretended Committee of Safety Ordered Forces for reducing thereof which Forces joyned with the Garrison so soon as they came before it 5 Tumults in London wherein some People were slain by the Command of Hewson Oliver's Cobling Lord. 6 Army Officers began to sit at White-Hall to find out a New Form of Government 10 They resolve that a Parliament should be called to sit in or bâ—fore February next in hopes thereby to quiet the Spirits of the People 11 The Lord Mayor placed Guards throughout the City 24 Army Officers cryed Peccavimus to the Speaker Lenthal for their former defection and promised Obedience for the future 26 The Rump-Parliament began to sit again 28 Windsor-Castle surrendred to them Jan. 2 The Rump order'd an Oath for Renunciation of the Title of his Majesty and the whole Line of King James They Pardon'd Lambert and all others that should submit by the 9 of Jan. upon which his Forces left him and dispers'd themselves and he submitted to the Rump 6 Thanks order'd to be given Gen. Monk and that he should be desired to come to London Gen. Monk arriv'd at Newcastle after which he was Petition'd by all the Counties through which he Marched if not all the Counties in England for a Free Parliament 7 Morley made Lieutenant of the Tower 9 The Estates of Sir Geo. Booth and his adherent's order'd to be sold. 10 G. Monk at North Allerton 11 At Burrow-Briggs 12 At Yorke The Rump approv'd of his marching into England 16 Thomas Scot and Luke Robinson order'd to go and meet General Monk to congratulate his Successes 17 They began their Journey toward him 19 The Army Quarter'd in the City Mr. Fra. Wolley slain in a Duel by the E. of Chesterfield 20 Three Commissioners sent from the City to General Monk 22 General Monk at Nottingham 23 A Declaration from the Rump promising a Government without a King and many other fine Things General Monk at Leicester where the Rumps two Commissioners met him 25 Sir Robert Pye and Major Fincher committed to the Tower Gen. Monk at Northhampton 26 The Rump voted him Custos Rotulorum for Devonshire and Mr. Gumble his
Hearty Thanks of the House be returned to His Majesty for the Care he hath of the Person of his Royal Highneâ—s Also That the Concurrence of the Lords should be desired therein 11. Resolved by the Houses That an Additional Supply of 1250000 l. be given to the Kings Majesty for his present Supply to be raised by a proportionable Addition to the Monthly Assessment to begin from Christmas next Part of Michaelm Term viz. from the first Return thereof called Tres Michaelis to the fifth called Ocâ—abis Sancti Martini Adjourn'd from Westminster to Oxford by His Majesties Proclamation 14. The Dutch Fleet hovering up and down upon the Coâ—st of Margate against which they bestowed some three or four hundred Shot to no purpose and so Sailed off again before they could be called to an Account for the Bravadâ— 25. The Dutch Fleet retuâ—ned into Hâ—rbour Oâ—tob 3â— Sir Tho. Blâ—â—â—â—â—th Sworn Lord Mayor 〈◊〉 London at the outmost Gaâ—e of the Bulwark by the Hâ—nourable Sir Jâ—hn Robinâ—â—n Kniâ—hâ—â—nd Baroneâ— Hâ—s Mâ—jest 〈◊〉 Lieutenant of the Tower by Vertue of His Majestics Commission to him directed for that purpose Nov. 17. Don Patricio Omuledei Resident from the Catholick King had his Audience of Conge from His Majesty being in few days to return for Spain 18. The several Courts of Justice sat in the Schools at Oxford according to an Adjournment made at Westminster to that purpose in pursuance of His Majestics Proclamation of September 26. last 23. The French Ambassadours took their leaves of His Majesty Here Ended this Learned Person 's Chronology of the Acts of Great Britain Place this Hand before the Title of Chiromancy Job 37.7 Qui in manu omnium hominum signa posuit ut cognoscerent opera ejus singuli ΧΕΙΡΟΜΑÎΤΙΑ OR THE ART OF DIVINING BY The LINES and SIGNATVRES Engraven in the HAND of MAN By the HAND of NATVRE Theorically Practically Wherein you have the Secret Concordance and Harmony betwixt It and Astrology made Evident in Nineteen GENITURES Together with A Learned Philosophical Discourse of the Soul of the World and the Universal Spirit thereof A Matchless Piece Written Originally in Latine by Jo. Rothman D. in Physick and now Faithfully Englished By George Wharton Esq Manus membrum Hominis loquacissimum London As it was Printed in the Year 1652. To the Truly NOBLE and Universally Learned My much Honoured Friend Elias Ashmole Esq Worthy Sir WERE it not that in Common Civility I am bound upon this Occassion as to acknowledge my Infinite Obligations to you that being the best Quality of a Bad Debtor and even All a Christian Creditor should expect where the Means of a juster Requital is wanting so to give you an Account of the present Work unto which you first incited Me Yet Sir the Rarity of the Subject and the Gipsy-like Esteem it hath amongst the Vulgar would have necessarily enforced Me to shelter it under the Wings of none but an Absolute Mercurialist That you are no less The Ingenious Works you have already Published The Succinct and Learned Annotations you have made upon some Part of those to â—â—it what I know you have in Design your exquisite knowledge in Arithmetick Geometry Astrology Natural Magick and Physick And in thâ—â—e othâ—r Inferâ—oâ—â— Objects of your Delight viz. Linning Engraving Painting and Musick may and do abundantly manifest I shall not I need not expatiate To instance the particular knowledge you have in â—hiromancy wâ—re but Actum agere in that Astrology â—efore mentioned comprehends the same as here it is apply'd and your self Them both Nor could I glory at all in the Name of a Greater Personage to Patronize this Piece It is not the Blustring noise of an Empty Title or the Frail Support of a Signal Birth only that can be a fit Champion for this or the like Mysterious Sciences Learning is best Fortress'd of those by whom she is most understood I confess her Admirers may wish her Happiness yet they commonly fail her in Extremity And herein I follow the Example of mine Author who made choice of the best Deserving in his Countrey unto whom he Dedicated this Work in the Original That is unto such as were sober and skilful Not to Men that were Mighty and Ignorant or Learned and Malicious Nor yet have these any just cause to complain unless for the want of Ingenuity whereby they are Doom'd to an Absolute Depravation of that whereby Wise Men daily Ascend even to the Presence of God and his Angels I mean the Knowledge of his Works For it is not sufficient we hear a story of God in the Scriptures unless also we read or see him in the large Volume of his Creatures Neither do we Read Him by a bare Gazing upon the outward Form thereof but by a narrow Enquiry and search made into their hidden Nature and Disposition For In the Beginning saith my Author God adorned all things Created with Signatures that so the Mind of an Ingenious Man might delight it self by a diligent searching into the Nature and Disposition thereof and thence boldly acknowledging the Wonderful Works of God and converting them to a right use be chearfully constrained to the Love or Gâ—d himself and to Worship him with all his heart for his Infinite Wisdom and Goodness Let us therefore beheld the Heaven the Stars and Coelestial Signs the Animals Plants Roots Stones Metals c. in and upon the Earth and consider how wonderfully their various Signatures every where present themselves unto us and by a Tacite Language proffer us their Nature and Disposition How exceedingly the Seven wandring Stars Vulgarly called Planets do differ not only in Magnitude and Motion but also in the Brightness and Beauty of their Light How variable an Influence is in each what a Lively Lasting Spirit diversly Disposing Moving Animating Producing Signing and Sustaining these Inferiours according to their different Position in the Heavens and the sundry Complications and Mixtures of Beams occurring from other Stars The Philosophers of old have acknowledged and we shall willingly the same Et in infimis Suprema in Supremis infima There are in Heaven Earthly things in respect of the Causes and by a Coelestial manner and Coelestial things in Earthly but by a Terrestrial manner Whence indeed it is That the Sun the Moon and other Stars are considered in the Earth but that in regard of a Terrene Quality so also Plants Stones Metals c. in the Heavens but this in respect of a Heavenly Nature endued with Life-Intellectual And this was the Reason why Heaven it self was depainted with sundry Images by the Ancient and Holy Fathers And that he who had through his Ingenuity attained thâ—se Holy Mysteries of the World was by the Hebrews truly named Rabbi by the Latines Magister and by almost all other Nations Magus Nevertheless this Name is now so much suspected and hated that some had rather forgo the Gospel it self than receive it again into Favour So wilfully Obstinate Blind