the people perfect in them I hold it most necessary for if a man must in his own house dayly speak of the Commandements Deut. 6. how much more ought the Minister of God in his house and add together with the people the precatiuncle set forth in the end For the Ministers giving warning to keep divers holy days which have not most anciently been kept in the Church of God that is the Saints days Of Saints days there is great need to put down the keeping of all these both because we do not read of any such days keeping before anno 501. which was a time of great Superstition Anastasius being then Bishop of Rome who was a Nestorian Heretick and caused Macedonius Bishop of Constantinople to keep the Feasts of Peter and Paul which had never been done in the East before as I have shewed in my History of the Church where I have also proved by good reason that it was a corrupt Superstition crept into the Church to injoin the keeping of them First because working was prohibited poor men upon those days who can hardly live upon their labour all the six days when as the Lord alloweth all to work upon all the six dayes and prohibiteth work only upon the seventh Secondly such as are idly disposed both poor men and Servants had by this means a Cloak for their Idlenesse to the great detriment of the Common-wealth and because Idlenesse giveth advantage to to fleshly lusts which fight against the Soul the keeping of those days was a letting loose of the reins to wicked mens inordinate affections that they might run to all excesse of riot as former experience hath often proved especially at the Festival time of Christmas when so many dayes together were spent in idlenesse and vanity and if there were nothing else amisse in keeping these days but idlenesse when all should work it were enough to presse to the putting of them down for that idlenesse is so much condemned in holy Scripture Thirdly because they are commanded to be kept holy by resorting to Church to read and hear the word of God and to pray and yet no days are spent so prophanely there being no care had but to keep labouring men and Trades-men from the necessary work of their Callings and if they do their work to punish them and so the holy day is made but a stale to bring money into the Commissaries Court. Fourthly It is too great an honor to be given to any but God to call a day after his name to keep it in way of honouring them for this commeth near to the worshipping of the Saints departed and Mine honour saith the Lord will I not give to another If it had pleased God that such honour should be given to his Saints surely something would have been said of it and days should have been instituted under the old Testament by Abraham Isaac and Jacob Joseph and Moses Samuel and David c. and under the new by the Apostles before that so long a time as five hundred years had passed Lastly in other reformed Churches this burden of keeping any holy days besides the Lords days and some to the honor of our Lord Jesus Christ as the day of his Nativity without the tale of so many days more added of his Resurrection Ascension and of his sending down of the Holy Ghost at Pentecost and the day of his Passion hath been long ago cast off but not the keeping of the day of the Lords Nativity as lately hath been done in England when our Divines Assembled at Westminster could not find that any days ought to be kept holy but the Lords days whenas by ancient History it appeareth that the day of the Lords Nativity was kept in the very first Century of years after Christs death for there it is recorded that in the year 130 Nativitatis Domini Telesphorus being Bishop of Rome he amongst other Decrees made this for one that three Masses should be said that is there should be three Communions as upon a most high day upon the day of the Lords Nativity one in the Evening when he was born another in the night when by Angels from heaven his birth was declared a third at day light because the first day of Salvation then began to shine whereby it is intimated that our Lords Birth day had been kept before in his Church no man being to tel how long whence it may be gathered that the custom began immediately after his Ascention to Heaven now the Solemnity thereof began to be more increased among Christans but the increasing thereof by keeping 12 days was not brought in til 400 years after wherefore upon the reasons before going they may be cut off and it will be best pleasing to our Lord to keep his day alone by doing duties of Devotion in Feasting and other expressions of joy and exercising liberality to the poor partly upon other days also when that day approacheth And thus much touching Holy days Now to say something touching the Holy Communion and the Service appointed about it the Exhortations to be made to the Communicants before receiving are all very good and Godly if they were not too much tyring to the Minister after his Spirits spent so much before in praying reading and preaching and therefore it were to be wished that all the Service going before might be omitted as being in effect said before amongst all the people and one of the Exhortations to prepare to the worthy receiving and so proceed immediately to that short one beginning thus Ye that do truly and earnestly repent ye of your sins c. to the end a Psalm being finally sung as Christ hath given us example and then The peace of God which passeth all understanding c. some places of Scripture tending to stir up Charity to the poor Of kneeling being in conclusion recited and the Alms gathered For the gesture of kneeling appointed in receiving it is a gesture shewing the greatest humility that can be as is in all reason expected by the Lord when at his hands we receive so great a Blessing and the Minister at the same instant is praying that the body of our Lord Jesus Christ should preserve us bodies and souls to eternall life Whereas it is excepted against by some because at the Institution the Apostles did not kneel but sit and as it was done then so ought we to do I answer this I deny but what they were commanded to do we ought to do that is to take bread Give thanks break and eat it as his body in remembrance of him c. for the gesture sith there is nothing said we are left to our own liberty therein and the Governours of the Church have power to appoint in what Gesture it shall be done so that it be according to the generall rule most decent such is kneeling for a subject before his Soveraign confering some honor upon him as he doth that
any other way and so Gods blessing cannot go with a Bishop so chosen Did not the Lord himself at the first ordain twelve whom he called Apostles and are not Bishops set up to govern in the Church generally held to be the Apostles Successors to whom singularly the Keyes were committed to bind and loose and why then should not the chusing of them from time to time be referred to the Lord No free People as all Christians are be willing to be governed by any but a Prince of their own electing whom they know well and well approve of to be preferred to this dignity and how then can it be expected that it should go well with that Church which hath no hand in the choice of their Bishop It was most anciently the Custome of Christians for the Clergy and People of the Diocess to chuse their own Bishop and then were they reverend as Fathers neither did this custom cease till Anno Dom. 1120. Poly. in Angl. c. 11. de inven l. 4. c. 10. when Princes began to take to themselves the right of appointing Bishops in every place but before this an 775. in a Synod held at Rome consisting of 133 Bishops to the Emperor Charls the Great was granted the Electing both of Pope Archbishops and Bishops Sidebert distinct 63. Adrianus sub poena Anathematis in the time of Pope Adrian wherefore it was a corruption that crept into the Church in time for Kings to appoint Bishops and not permit to the Clergy and People a free Election the Lord being earnestly sought unto in this so weighty a matter and in fine the Election referred to his Divine Majesty who only knoweth the hearts of all men which if it might be done at this day the King reserving to himself the power of Confirming a Bishop thus chosen His Majesty should free himself from being cause of any corruption in the election through the Covetousness of his Courtiers the Church of God within his Dominions should most probably be supplied with none but worthy Bishops and great unity would every where follow and all cause of Divisions in these Churches be cut off but that it may be orderly proceeded to such election the King is to be sought unto to give leave without whose leave the Peoples assembling of themselves cannot but be unlawfull as his Writs must first issue out to chuse Knights of the Shire in every County and that such leave hath anciently been given the granting of Congedeleers in times of vacancy to this day do declare although the man now to be chosen be nominated by the King and it is in effect no leave to chuse but to receive hin for Bishop whom the King chuseth Secondly for the Bishops power above the Presbyters his brethren it is as Jerom saith only in ordination of Presbyters and Deacons which cannot be done without the Bishop for to him singularly the Apostles committed this power as appeareth by St. Tit. 1. Act. 14.23 1 Tim. 4.23 Pauls writing to Timothy and Titus as he himself and Barnabas had by the imposition of hands ordained many whereas the laying on of the hands of the Presbytery is sometime spoken of nothing else can here be gathered but that when the Bishop ordaineth he ought to do it with the assistance of some of his Presbyters laying their hands on together with him and joyning in Prayer the Bishop having first examined him that is to be ordained and accepted of him but forasmuch as the Apostles had the power of binding and loosing also singularly committed unto them and not the Seventy two sent out to preach and Bishops elected to govern the Church are their Successors it is manifest that the power of Excommunicating and Absolving is peculiar to the Bishop also and to such Presbyters to whom he sends out his Processe to publish it in their particular Churches as Saint Paul wrote to the Church of Corinth to deliver to Satan the Incestuous man declaring the cause as it is necessary every Bishop should do to the Rector of every Church Again forasmuch as to Timothy Bishop of Ephesus St. Paul writeth not to receive an Accusation against any under two or three witnesses whereby is implied that he by vertue of his Apostleship and power to judge the causes of his Brethren the Presbyters about Ephesus it must needs be granted that the same power belongeth to every Bishop in his Diocess Lastly because Timothy and Titus also had power given them to order things in the Churches committed to their Government for praying and preaching and stopping the mouths of ignorant and corrupt Teachers and wicked livers whose sins break out after Ordination it must needs be granted that Bishops chosen to rule have the like power Yet when one is called to the weighty Office of Ruling in the Church of God the duty of Preaching diligently still lieth upon him and rather more than before for Timothy must not onely be instant in preaching in season and out of season but also be an example in Doctrine and Conversation Thirdly touching those whom the Bishop is to use as Assistants in exercising his power I cannot finde any Chancellor Arch-Deacon or Official once named in any ancient Writer but only of Presbyters and Deacons by whose help they did both ordain and censure and being assembled in Counsel together make Canons and Constitutions Ecclesiasticall for which last we have a President Acts 15. in the first Councel assembling which consisted of Apostles Elders or Presbyters and Brethren and for the first in Pauls laying on of his hands upon Timothy and the Presbyters in ordaining him and for the Presbyters assistance in excommunicating see 1 Cor. 5. For although the Church only be there written to yet it is not to be conceived but that the Church consisted of Presbyters and common Christians amongst whom what was done cannot be thought to have been done but by Presbyters as the mouth and there were some Prophets 1 Cor. 14. but without Presbyters it could not be Fourthly touching punishment inflicting upon any The Bishop ought to have no power but spirituall For the weapons of our Warfare are not carnal saith the Apostle but spiritual 2 Cor. 4. it is onely such power as Christ committed to his Apostles and that was only the power of binding and loosing by excommunicating and absolving which is indeed a power beyond the power of the greatest Monarchs in the world and more to be feared for if an earthly Judge hath power to send the body of an Offender to Prison to be kept there by a Goaler and there to be used most hardly and after that to condemn him to a bodily death or to pardon him and set him at liberty again the power given by Christ to his Apostles and their Successors is to adjudge to the Prison of Hell the spirit and soul to be kept by Satan and by him vexed and terrified with terrors intollerable and after that to be carried to
that Dungeon where there is utter darkness there to remain in wailing and gnashing of teeth for evermore and upon serious and hearty repenrance to release the sinner again from this grievous judgement if he be humbled and professeth his penitency without delay and if we believe our Lord Jesus that which is done herein by the Bishop according to his direction is done by God For what ye bind saith he upon earth Math. 18. shall be bound in heaven and what ye loose shall be loosed in heaven most certainly As for any punishment corporall or pecuniary inflicting it is proper to him that bears the Sword Rom. 13. and a Sword-man an Apostle or Bishop must not be as our Saviour shewed when he gave Peter a check for drawing his Sword and smiting For he that smiteth with the sword shall perish by the sword that is he who is sent out to preach peace Fifthly touching the cause of excommunicating although this power hath been heretofore used for not appearing at the Bishops Court when he hath been summoned without any regard to the Calling or Righteousness of the man or for money or to bring in money which was an abuse intollerable yet there is no warrant by the Word of God to deliver over to Satan for any cause but scandalous living or blasphemous Heresie but for either of these causes there is as appeareth 1 Cor. 5. by the Apostles writing to have the incestuous person delivered over to Satan till he repented and to have all scandalous brethren Adulterers Railers Drunkards c. put from amongst them although Erastus denieth this to be a ground for excommunicating or putting the scandalous liver from the holy Communion for although but a Physitian he would seem to have so much skill in Divinity as to assert that none although most wicked who hold the true faith may lawfully be put from it because none such were kept from the Passeover but only such as were legally unclean 〈…〉 which uncleanness is now ceased therefore saith he none are now to be accounted unclean who are believers as though if legal uncleanness which was much lesser makes one unclean 〈…〉 but the uncleanness which is by sin doth not much more whenas that uncleanness which was only outward of this extending to the very conscience witness the Apostles saying to the unclean all things are unclean yea the very conscience is defiled and this is not clensed but by the bloud of Christ that by the bloud of buls goats For not keeping from the Passover the notoriously wicked by express Precept there may be this Reason yielded the keeping of the Passover was but a legal Ceremony and was to be eaten by all that were circumcised although not circumcised yet in heart and therefore neither Children nor Fools were debarred therefrom nor wicked livers it sufficed that they who did eat hereof were not legally unclean but the Lords Supper is so holy and separate from prophane use that whoso eateth and drinketh of it unworthily eateth and drinketh damnation to himself and this he doth whosoever doth not first examine himself and finding what a grievous sinner he hath been sorrows not therefore with Godly sorrow and confesseth it not neither is converted therefrom And if it be so how can they that rule in the Church but be accessary to their sin whom they know to be unworthy but put them not from participating of this holy Ordinance till that by repentance and promise of Reformation they be sanctified that so holy a thing may not be given but to the holy at the least so far forth as may be gathered from their own mouths although we cannot but admit of some unworthy whose wickedness is conceal'd but for the commonly known to be prophane or notoriously wicked even the Heathen abhorred from having them come to their sacrifices for one was at such times set to cry thus Procul procul este prophani for excommunicating blasphemous Hereticks we have S. Paul for our example who saith 1 Tim. 1.2 he delivered Hymeneus and Alexander to Satan that they might learn not to blaspheme that is for a chastisement of the blasphemous Heresies which they held that they might be made to recant as is the excommunicating of notorious Offenders that being by Satan terrified who is now let loose upon them they may be made to repent and although they suffer in their bodies this have their souls saved at the last day for some then being excommunicated were grievously handled in their bodies by Satan whereby they were made to know how cruelly they should be tormented in the life to come if they were not made thereby to repent as we may gather that the incestuous person at Corinth was for that he was so terrified after his excommunication 2 Cor. 2. that he was ready to be swallowed up of despair 6. Touching more or fewer Bishops making in this Kingdome It is not so convenient that their Diocesses should be so large as they have been because that although in former Ages it might be necessary when the land was not so populous to enlarge the limits of Bishopricks laying many more Towns together and sometime two Counties to make one Bishoprick and able Shepherds of whom Bishops might be made were more rare yet now thanks be to God Christian people having far more encreased in Cities Townes and Villages and Pastors of great ability both to preach and govern it were much more convenient that there should be more Bishops made in this Land not onely one to a City and the Villages circumjacent but to each City-like Town most Diocesses in England as now they are constituted being too great a burthen to their Bishops to bear as Moses sometime complained of the burthen of so numerous a Nation laid upon him alone and therefore desired the help of more Rulers and had by the Lord added unto him 72 whereby he and the people were more eased and the better enabled to do the work for which they were raised up As Diocesses now are some belonging to their Charge are so far off that they cannot know or ever hear their Bishop preach although he continueth amongst them many yeares neither can he know all the Clergy or their worthiness or unworthiness to encourage or reprove them according to their deserts and what a trouble and weariness is it to the people to be forced to travel some of them 30 or 40 miles to have their Causes heard and to be at the charge to retain Proctors to plead for them yea and sometimes Rectores Ecclesiae also but if more Diocesses should be made whence should means be raised to maintain so many Bishops Even out of the Bishopricks that now are and Deanaries and Prebendaries of which what use is there in the Church of Christ and of which Antiquity was utterly ignorant If it would please God to move the hearts of the Kings Majesty and the right Honorable and worthy Members
hath the honor of Knight hood conferred upon him so he that hath the honour of a Doctor conferred upon him by the Vice-Chancellor of the University kneeleth before him to be admitted to it and a Son before his Father at receiving his Blessing and why then may not a Christian before Christ his Sovereign Lord offering himself unto him to be received by the hand of his Minister his Representative If the practice of the Apostles at the Institution were obligatory to all Christians Cor. 11. St. Paul in commemorating the Institution would certainly have made mention of it as well as of other circumstances but because he doth not it is apparent that we are not bound to hold us to the same gesture and indeed that the Gesture is not material appeareth for that although at the Institution of the Passeover instead whereof the Lords Supper was ordained standing was appointed yet Christ with his Disciples did not eat it standing but sitting If it be objected against kneeling that is an appearance of evil that is of Artolatria the worshipping of the bread of Christs body held in the hands of the Priest believed by many to be no bread now but the Lords body who is to be worshipped Ans in such as believe so it is indeed Artolatria that is Idolatry but for so much as we do not believe it for substance to be any other than bread till sanctified to an holy use and Christs body only to such as believe it to be so to them when they have received it nourishing them to eternall life In our kneeling only for reverence to the Lord when we receive it cannot carry a shew of Idolatry although if when it is carried about as in the Church of Rome They that fall down upon their knees to it cannot but be guilty of this foul sin whether they believe it to be Christ or not Kneeling therefore in recieving by those that are of the same Faith with us cannot be justly accepted against yet because some weak ones will be scandalized hereby it may be received standing as it is in some Reformed Churches but sitting at the Lords Table is most undecent and unmannerly After the Communion followeth that Service which is to be used in Baptising Of baptism in which nothing hath been by the most scrupulous excepted against but against the requiring God-fathers and God-mothers to answer for them and in such words as they are biden to do and against signing with the sign of the Crosse for the first that there should be Sureties for Infants that cannot yet speak for themselves if they be wise and Godly and make conscience to do their indeavour when the Children are grown to Understanding that they may be taught and stirred up to profess and promise for themselvs what hath bin promised in their behalf it cannot but be acknow ledged to be good Christian care of the Church whereby it is thus provided But the questions asked of them would be a little altered thus First Do ye believe in God the Father Almighty c. and not doest thou as if the question were directed to the Child for this is by many counted ridiculous Secondly Do ye desire to have this Child Baptized in this Faith Thirdly Do ye come to undertake as much as in you shall lye that this Child shall forsake the Devil c. The answer to this last being we do thus undertake all these things for if the Children of believing Parents ought to be Baptized as all the Orthodox have ever held truly there is great need that some faithfull persons should undertake for them as hath been said and help what they can towards the Childrens doing so as is promised till they by learning the Catechisme come to answer for themselves Neither was the name of Anabaptists heard of for the space of 1500 years and upward where John Leyden an ambitious Taylor in the City of Munster in Germany aspired by such means after making himself a King as he did and by other abominable opinions which he then broached And for the baptizing of Infants we have this convincing reason grounded upon the word of God that if Infants under the N. T. who come of Gods people that professe the true faith ought not to be baptized there is no Sanctifying Ordinance for them and they are in worse case than the Infants of the Jews because they had Circumcision whereby they were sanctified and delivered from the danger of death to which they were by nature subject but being circumcised they were saved if they died in their Infancy but the Children of Christians should be altogether without any sanctifying Ordinance and so continue Children of wrath as all are by nature and if they die before they be baptized in danger of being cut off John 3.5 for unlesse one be born again of water and the Holy Ghost he cannot enter into the Kingdom of Heaven 1 Peter 3.19 and St. Peter saith that baptism is as Noah's Ark that saveth and how absurd is it to say that none can be saved till they they be grown up and attain to actual Faith for to say they ought not to be baptized til then is in effect to say so Now that Children born under the N. T. are not in a worse but a better case than they under the Old appeareth by this that we have now a better Mediator and a better High-priest and a more glorious Ministry for then Moses was the Mediator Aaron the High Priest and Moses had his face covered when he spake to the people but now the Son of God is Mediator and High Priest and layeth Heaven open more plainly by his Ministry and the way for Parents and Children to attain unto it viz. by baptism after that the Parent believeth administred both to him and them If this were not so what comfort could believing Parents have although they themselves were baptized but their children not for fear of their dying unbaptized and unsanctified for their children are as dear to them as their own souls If any shall think that they are sanctified by the faith of their Parent because it is said to believers at Corinth In case but that one Parent were a Believer otherwise your Children were unclean but now they are holy It is to be understood that the Apostle said so because that immediately after the Parent was baptized the children were baptized also and this is more than probable because Origen who lived about an 200 saith that it was held to be a Tradition of the Apostles that Infants ought to be baptized Secondly The Crosse touching the Crosse in baptism although it hath been very anciently used and God hath sometimes wrought miraculously thereby for the confirmation of the Faith as Chrysostom saith yet for so much as it hath been in time of Popery turned into an Idol by being adored and trusted in Godly zeal cannot indure it any longer but as Hezekiah that