in_o the_o sclavonian_a tongue_n unto_o those_o of_o that_o nation_n who_o he_o have_v baptize_v that_o be_v to_o say_v convert_v that_o as_o the_o matter_n be_v debate_v in_o the_o sacred_a college_n where_o there_o be_v several_a that_o oppose_v it_o there_o be_v a_o voice-heard_a as_o it_o be_v send_v from_o heaven_n say_v let_v all_o flesh_n praise_v the_o lord_n and_o every_o tongue_n confess_v his_o name_n upon_o which_o cyrill_n be_v grant_v his_o request_n it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o cyril_n be_v the_o same_o who_o in_o the_o sclavonian_a language_n be_v call_v chiuppil_n that_o he_o live_v about_o the_o year_n 860._o and_o that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o michael_n the_o three_o emperor_n of_o the_o east_n and_o of_o pope_n nicolas_n the_o first_o he_o with_o methodius_n convert_v unto_o the_o faith_n of_o jesus_n christ_n the_o mingrelian_o the_o circassian_n and_o the_o gazarite_n and_o afterward_o several_a of_o the_o sclavonian_n therefore_o in_o the_o roman_a martyrology_n be_v celebrate_v the_o day_n of_o his_o birth_n as_o be_v ancient_o say_v among_o christian_n that_o be_v of_o the_o death_n of_o cyrill_n and_o methodius_n in_o the_o same_o day_n which_o be_v the_o nine_o of_o march_n whence_o it_o be_v also_o that_o pope_n john_n the_o eight_o write_v several_a letter_n unto_o this_o methodius_n companion_n unto_o cyrill_n and_o one_o of_o the_o apostle_n of_o the_o sclavonian_n according_a to_o the_o language_n of_o those_o time_n and_o we_o find_v by_o the_o 247th_o letter_n of_o this_o pope_n write_v anno_fw-la 879._o unto_o sphentopulcher_n prince_n of_o the_o country_n that_o methodius_n have_v be_v send_v by_o this_o prince_n unto_o john_n the_o eight_o who_o return_v he_o back_o unto_o he_o to_o execute_v the_o function_n of_o archbishop_n with_o power_n to_o celebrate_v mass_n and_o divine_a service_n in_o the_o sclavonian_a tongue_n we_o have_v just_a cause_n to_o commend_v say_v this_o pope_n 91._o tom._n 7._o council_n part_n 1._o ep._n 247._o p._n 91._o write_v unto_o sphentopulcher_n the_o sclavonian_a character_n invent_v by_o a_o certain_a philosopher_n call_v constantine_n whereby_o the_o praise_n of_o god_n be_v publish_v abroad_o and_o we_o command_v that_o in_o that_o same_o language_n be_v recite_v the_o sermon_n and_o work_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n for_o we_o be_v warn_v by_o divine_a authority_n to_o praise_v the_o lord_n not_o only_o in_o three_o language_n but_o also_o in_o all_o which_o authority_n enjoin_v we_o this_o commandment_n when_o it_o say_v all_o nation_n praise_v the_o lord_n and_o all_o people_n bless_v his_o name_n and_o the_o apostle_n be_v fill_v with_o the_o holy_a ghost_n speak_v forth_o in_o all_o language_n the_o wonderful_a thing_n of_o god_n thence_o also_o it_o be_v that_o st._n paul_n that_o heavenly_a trumpet_n publish_v this_o warn_v let_v every_o tongue_n confess_v that_o our_o lord_n jesus_n be_v the_o christ_n to_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o father_n touch_v which_o language_n also_o he_o instruct_v we_o full_o and_o plain_o in_o the_o 14_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o epistle_n to_o the_o corinthian_n how_o we_o be_v to_o edify_v the_o church_n in_o speak_v several_a language_n and_o certain_o it_o do_v in_o no_o way_n prejudice_v the_o faith_n or_o doctrine_n to_o sing_v mass_n in_o the_o sclavonian_a tongue_n or_o to_o read_v the_o holy_a gospel_n or_o divine_a lesson_n of_o the_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n well_o translate_v and_o interpret_v or_o to_o say_v or_o sing_v all_o the_o other_o office_n because_o he_o who_o make_v the_o three_o principal_a language_n the_o hebrew_n greek_a and_o latin_a be_v the_o same_o which_o have_v also_o create_v all_o other_o language_n for_o his_o praise_n and_o glory_n however_o we_o appoint_v that_o in_o all_o church_n under_o your_o inspection_n for_o the_o great_a honour_n the_o gospel_n be_v read_v in_o latin_a and_o because_o it_o be_v translate_v into_o sclavonian_n that_o it_o be_v read_v to_o the_o people_n who_o understand_v not_o latin_a as_o it_o be_v practise_v in_o some_o church_n it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v say_v the_o protestant_n that_o the_o christian_n of_o the_o roman_a communion_n will_v make_v serious_a reflection_n upon_o these_o word_n of_o pope_n john_n the_o eight_o and_o that_o then_o they_o will_v consult_v the_o decree_n of_o innocent_a the_o three_o at_o the_o council_n of_o lateran_n assemble_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1215._o 8â—9_n t._n 7._o council_n paâ—r_n part_n 2._o can._n 9_o p._n 8â—9_n because_o that_o in_o most_o place_n in_o the_o same_o city_n and_o in_o the_o same_o diocese_n there_o be_v people_n of_o divers_a language_n mingle_v together_o have_v under_o one_o faith_n different_a ceremony_n and_o custom_n we_o express_o enjoin_v the_o bishop_n of_o those_o city_n and_o diocese_n to_o provide_v for_o they_o person_n fit_a to_o celebrate_v divine_a office_n according_a to_o the_o different_a ceremony_n and_o language_n and_o to_o administer_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o church_n instruct_v they_o by_o their_o word_n and_o by_o example_n cardinal_n cajetan_n who_o live_v in_o luther_n time_n have_v leave_v in_o his_o opuscula_fw-la 8._o opuscul_fw-la t._n 3._o tract_n 15._o art_n 8._o that_o it_o be_v better_o for_o the_o edification_n of_o the_o church_n thaâ—_n public_a service_n and_o prayer_n which_o be_v make_v in_o presence_n of_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v make_v in_o the_o church_n rather_o in_o the_o vulgar_a than_o in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n and_o be_v blame_v for_o it_o by_o some_o he_o answer_v that_o he_o ground_v what_o he_o have_v say_v upon_o the_o 14_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o to_o the_o corinthian_n 865._o de_fw-fr offic_n pii_fw-la viri_fw-la p_o 865._o george_n cassander_n who_o live_v and_o dye_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n wish_v that_o it_o may_v have_v be_v so_o practise_v methinks_v say_v he_o it_o be_v much_o to_o be_v desire_v that_o according_a to_o the_o apostle_n command_v and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n some_o heed_n be_v to_o be_v take_v of_o the_o people_n in_o the_o public_a prayer_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o psalm_n and_o lesson_n which_o be_v use_v in_o their_o behalf_n and_o that_o the_o common_a people_n shall_v not_o always_o be_v keep_v stranger_n from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o prayer_n and_o divine_a service_n the_o word_n of_o st._n paul_n be_v clear_a that_o one_o can_v understand_v what_o be_v say_v if_o it_o be_v not_o say_v in_o a_o know_a tongue_n and_o that_o he_o that_o by_o his_o ignorance_n understand_v not_o what_o be_v say_v can_v say_v amen_o unto_o the_o prayer_n of_o another_o 866._o ibid._n p._n 866._o and_o have_v allege_v the_o word_n of_o aeneas_n silvius_n and_o those_o of_o cajetan_a he_o add_v unto_o those_o who_o have_v the_o conduct_n and_o government_n of_o the_o church_n at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o establish_v and_o settle_v these_o and_o the_o like_a thing_n according_a to_o the_o pure_a and_o ancient_a practice_n of_o the_o church_n if_o the_o mind_n of_o some_o person_n be_v not_o seize_v with_o a_o vain_a and_o foolish_a fear_n and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o keep_v back_o by_o a_o vain_a superstition_n nevertheless_o unless_o this_o be_v do_v i_o do_v not_o see_v that_o there_o be_v any_o great_a hope_n of_o a_o assure_a agreement_n and_o union_n in_o the_o church_n nor_o that_o the_o seed_n of_o schism_n and_o division_n will_v ever_o be_v root_v out_o and_o i_o can_v conceive_v how_o those_o person_n unto_o who_o the_o oversight_n of_o the_o church_n be_v commit_v shall_v escape_v render_v a_o account_n of_o the_o rent_n and_o division_n in_o the_o church_n which_o they_o have_v neglect_v and_o whereof_o they_o have_v not_o be_v careful_a according_a to_o their_o duty_n to_o prevent_v the_o grow_a schism_n and_o heresy_n he_o repeat_v almost_o the_o same_o thing_n in_o the_o consultation_n address_v unto_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n i._o and_o maximilian_n ii_o where_o he_o say_v 995._o pag._n 995._o among_o other_o thing_n that_o it_o be_v requisite_a priest_n shall_v so_o say_v mass_n that_o the_o people_n may_v reap_v some_o benefit_n by_o it_o and_o not_o to_o be_v bare_o busy_v about_o a_o outward_a show_n this_o be_v also_o the_o testimony_n of_o erasmus_n which_o be_v cite_v in_o the_o margin_n of_o cassander_n book_n just_a by_o the_o word_n first_o allege_v orandi_fw-la dâ—_n modo_fw-la orandi_fw-la it_o be_v say_v he_o much_o to_o be_v desire_v that_o the_o whole_a divine_a service_n be_v say_v in_o a_o language_n understand_v by_o all_o the_o people_n as_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v practise_v in_o ancient_a time_n and_o that_o all_o thing_n be_v so_o plain_o and_o so_o distinct_o speak_v that_o those_o which_o hearken_v may_v understand_v they_o queen_n katherine_z
de_fw-fr medicis_n desire_v of_o the_o pope_n by_o her_o letter_n date_v anno._n 1561._o the_o use_n of_o the_o language_n understand_v stand_v by_o the_o people_n for_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n as_o be_v report_v by_o the_o precedent_n de_fw-fr thou_n in_o his_o history_n 28._o lib._n 28._o we_o may_v add_v unto_o all_o that_o have_v be_v speak_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a christian_a communion_n which_o at_o this_o time_n do_v celebrate_v divine_a service_n in_o the_o vulgar_a tongue_n understand_v by_o the_o people_n viz._n the_o abassins_n throughout_o prester_n john_n country_n the_o moscovite_n and_o russian_n the_o armenian_n as_o be_v testify_v by_o the_o friar_n alvarez_n the_o baron_n sigismond_n james_n de_fw-fr vitry_n and_o several_a other_o the_o liburnian_o the_o illyrian_n or_o sclavonian_n as_o be_v observe_v by_o aventine_n and_o john_n baptista_n palat._n citizen_n of_o rome_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o write_v beside_o which_o all_o the_o protestant_n in_o all_o part_n who_o number_n in_o europe_n do_v not_o fall_v much_o short_a of_o the_o roman_a catholic_n as_o for_o the_o greek_a church_n which_o be_v of_o a_o vast_a extent_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a they_o celebrate_v divine_a service_n in_o pure_a greek_a and_o not_o in_o the_o vulgar_a greek_a now_o speak_v which_o have_v much_o degenerate_v from_o the_o ancient_a greek_a but_o thereunto_o two_o thing_n be_v reply_v first_o that_o the_o corruption_n happen_v unto_o the_o language_n of_o the_o greek_n under_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o turk_n be_v arrive_v but_o of_o late_a day_n so_o that_o before_o that_o time_n the_o greek_a church_n celebrate_v all_o their_o divine_a service_n in_o a_o language_n understand_v by_o the_o people_n second_o that_o how_o great_a soever_o this_o corruption_n be_v it_o can_v not_o hinder_v but_o the_o greek_n in_o the_o decay_n of_o their_o language_n which_o arrive_v by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o by_o degree_n but_o that_o they_o be_v instruct_v from_o father_n to_o son_n in_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o ancient_a liturgy_n of_o st._n basil_n and_o of_o st._n chrysostom_n which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o and_o that_o by_o that_o mean_n notwithstanding_o the_o alteration_n befall_v their_o language_n they_o understand_v the_o thing_n therein_o express_v therefore_o the_o people_n make_v at_o this_o present_a the_o same_o answer_n which_o they_o do_v heretofore_o the_o 123._o constitution_n of_o the_o emperor_n jovinian_a who_o live_v in_o the_o vi_o century_n may_v take_v place_n in_o this_o matter_n of_o the_o language_n understand_v by_o the_o people_n in_o divine_a service_n for_o he_o command_v that_o they_o shall_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n repeat_v the_o prayer_n make_v in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n and_o in_o the_o administration_n of_o baptism_n to_o the_o end_n the_o people_n may_v understand_v it_o and_o ground_n his_o decree_n upon_o what_o st._n paul_n say_v in_o the_o fourteen_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o epistle_n to_o the_o corinthian_n but_o in_o fine_a if_o any_o now_o demand_v the_o reason_n wherefore_o the_o latin_a church_n which_o can_v and_o ought_v to_o celebrate_v divine_a service_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n during_o the_o time_n that_o language_n be_v common_o use_v among_o the_o people_n in_o the_o west_n and_o wherefore_o they_o shall_v obstinate_o persist_v in_o do_v it_o in_o the_o same_o language_n although_o for_o several_a age_n it_o have_v be_v of_o no_o use_n among_o these_o nation_n except_v in_o the_o school_n and_o wherefore_o they_o anathematise_v in_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n those_o which_o say_v 9_o sess_n 22._o cap._n 9_o that_o the_o mass_n ought_v to_o be_v celebrate_v only_o in_o the_o vulgar_a tongue_n i_o answer_v that_o i_o pretend_v not_o to_o answer_v this_o question_n of_o myself_o but_o shall_v only_o say_v that_o there_o be_v several_a which_o believe_v she_o have_v so_o do_v that_o the_o people_n shall_v not_o perceive_v and_o take_v notice_n of_o several_a passage_n in_o the_o mass_n which_o do_v not_o as_o they_o say_v agree_v with_o their_o faith_n and_o belief_n but_o as_o it_o be_v for_o the_o reader_n to_o judge_v of_o these_o matter_n and_o not_o for_o i_o so_o i_o will_v conclude_v this_o consideration_n with_o the_o word_n of_o john_n belet_n in_o his_o sum_n of_o divine_a office_n 36._o apud_fw-la cassan_n in_o liturg_n c._n 36._o in_o the_o primitive_a church_n say_v he_o it_o be_v forbid_v to_o speak_v in_o divers_a language_n unless_o there_o be_v some_o one_o present_a that_o can_v interpret_v for_o what_o will_v it_o avail_v to_o speak_v if_o one_o do_v not_o understand_v thence_o also_o come_v the_o good_a and_o wholesome_a custom_n observe_v a_o long_a while_n in_o the_o church_n in_o sundry_a place_n that_o after_o the_o gospel_n be_v pronounce_v literal_o it_o be_v expound_v unto_o the_o people_n in_o the_o vulgar_a tongue_n but_o what_o must_v be_v do_v in_o our_o day_n where_o it_o be_v very_o rare_a to_o find_v any_o that_o read_v or_o attend_v or_o understand_v it_o which_o see_v which_o act_n or_o be_v careful_a do_v it_o not_o appear_v now_o that_o what_o the_o prophet_n say_v be_v accomplish_v the_o priest_n shall_v be_v like_o one_o of_o the_o people_n it_o seem_v then_o it_o be_v better_a to_o hold_v one_o peace_n than_o sing_v and_o be_v silent_a than_o dance_n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o ceremony_n and_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o consecration_n jesus_n christ_n celebrate_v his_o sacrament_n with_o so_o much_o simplicity_n and_o so_o few_o ceremony_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o his_o gospel_n which_o be_v whole_o spiritual_a that_o there_o be_v none_o appear_v beside_o the_o action_n by_o which_o he_o take_v the_o bread_n and_o that_o by_o which_o he_o bless_a and_o consecrate_v it_o immediate_o after_o have_v take_v bread_n he_o give_v thanks_o and_o bless_v it_o to_o make_v it_o the_o sacrament_n of_o his_o body_n 1._o just_a mart._n apol._n 2._o vel_fw-la 1._o st._n justin_n martyr_n represent_v unto_o we_o at_o large_a all_o that_o be_v practise_v in_o his_o time_n that_o be_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o second_o century_n in_o the_o celebration_n of_o this_o venerable_a sacrament_n but_o there_o be_v no_o other_o ceremony_n appear_v in_o consecrate_v it_o but_o only_o that_o after_o the_o minister_n have_v end_v his_o sermon_n and_o then_o pray_v and_o that_o the_o believer_n when_o prayer_n be_v end_v salute_v each_o other_o there_o be_v present_v unto_o he_o bread_n and_o a_o cup_n wherein_o be_v wine_n mingle_v with_o water_n which_o he_o have_v take_v he_o bless_a and_o praise_v god_n and_o give_v thanks_o that_o he_o be_v count_v worthy_a to_o partake_v of_o those_o thing_n in_o the_o liturgy_n of_o the_o pretend_a denys_n the_o areopagite_n 3._o den._n areop_n hierarch_n eccles_n c._n 3._o some_o of_o the_o deacon_n and_o minister_n with_o the_o priest_n set_v the_o holy_a bread_n upon_o the_o altar_n and_o the_o cup_n of_o blessing_n then_o he_o that_o officiate_n do_v pray_v give_v the_o blessing_n unto_o all_o that_o be_v present_a wish_v they_o peace_n then_o have_v wash_v his_o hand_n he_o consecrate_v the_o mystery_n by_o blessing_n and_o praise_n in_o that_o which_o be_v in_o one_o of_o the_o book_n of_o constitution_n call_v apostolical_a although_o they_o be_v neither_o of_o the_o apostle_n nor_o of_o st._n clement_n their_o disciple_n the_o deacon_n as_o in_o that_o of_o the_o pretend_a denys_n bring_v the_o element_n viz._n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n unto_o the_o altar_n where_o the_o bishop_n be_v with_o two_o priest_n one_o at_o each_o side_n and_o also_o two_o deacon_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o altar_n with_o little_a fan_n to_o drive_v away_o fly_n and_o other_o little_a infect_v fear_v lest_o any_o shall_v fall_v into_o the_o cup_n after_o which_o the_o bishop_n have_v bless_v the_o people_n and_o warn_v they_o to_o lift_v their_o heart_n on_o high_a the_o people_n answer_v we_o lift_v they_o up_o unto_o the_o lord_n he_o make_v a_o pretty_a long_a discourse_n praise_v god_n and_o exalt_v the_o wonder_n of_o his_o work_n conclude_v by_o recite_v the_o suffering_n and_o death_n of_o jesus_n christ_n and_o of_o the_o history_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o sacrament_n then_o he_o consecrate_v and_o by_o a_o prayer_n which_o he_o address_v unto_o god_n whereof_o we_o shall_v take_v occasion_n to_o speak_v when_o we_o consider_v the_o form_n of_o consecration_n or_o the_o consecrate_v liturgy_n in_o the_o liturgy_n attribute_v unto_o st._n james_n st._n mark_n st._n peter_n st._n basil_n st._n chrysostom_n and_o unto_o divers_a other_o almost_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v see_v and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o alteration_n either_o for_o diversity_n or_o the_o number_n of_o ceremony_n it_o
be_v so_o inconsiderable_a and_o of_o little_a moment_n that_o it_o deserve_v not_o our_o pain_n to_o examine_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o consider_v that_o in_o that_o which_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o st._n james_n although_o it_o can_v be_v his_o the_o priest_n make_v this_o prayer_n at_o the_o time_n the_o element_n be_v set_v upon_o the_o altar_n or_o the_o holy_a table_n jacob._n liturg._n st._n jacob._n to_o be_v bless_v and_o consecrate_v o_o lord_n our_o god_n which_o have_v send_v the_o bread_n from_o heaven_n the_o food_n of_o all_o the_o world_n jesus_n our_o lord_n saviour_n redeemer_n and_o benefactor_n to_o bless_v and_o sanctify_v we_o bless_v we_o beseech_v thou_o this_o oblation_n and_o receive_v it_o upon_o thy_o heavenly_a altar_n remember_v o_o lord_n thou_o which_o be_v full_a of_o love_n towards_o mankind_n those_o who_o offer_v and_o for_o who_o they_o have_v offer_v and_o keep_v we_o pure_a and_o immaculate_a in_o this_o holy_a celebration_n of_o thy_o divine_a mystery_n because_o thy_o great_a and_o glorious_a name_n o_o father_n son_n and_o holy_a ghost_n be_v glorify_v and_o praise_v now_o and_o for_o ever_o amen_n and_o in_o that_o attribute_v unto_o st._n mark_n but_o not_o he_o the_o priest_n pray_v in_o the_o same_o time_n but_o in_o term_n something_o different_a marc._n liturg._n st._n marc._n o_o lord_n holy_a almighty_a and_o terrible_a which_o dwell_v in_o the_o holy_a place_n sanctify_v we_o and_o make_v we_o worthy_a of_o this_o holy_a priesthood_n and_o grant_v that_o we_o may_v minister_v at_o thy_o holy_a altar_n with_o a_o good_a conscience_n cleanse_v our_o heart_n from_o all_o impurity_n drive_v out_o of_o we_o all_o reprobate_a sense_n sanctify_v our_o soul_n and_o spirit_n and_o give_v we_o grace_n with_o fear_n to_o practice_v the_o worship_n of_o our_o father_n to_o give_v we_o the_o light_n of_o thy_o countenance_n at_o all_o time_n for_o it_o be_v thou_o which_o sanctifie_v and_o bless_v all_o thing_n and_o we_o offer_v unto_o thou_o praise_n and_o thanksgiving_n as_o for_o the_o greek_n they_o carry_v the_o element_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o bread_n and_o wine_n of_o the_o sacrament_n from_o the_o table_n of_o proposition_n as_o they_o call_v it_o unto_o the_o altar_n or_o unto_o the_o communion_n table_n where_o they_o be_v to_o be_v consecrate_v with_o so_o great_a pomp_n solemnity_n and_o ceremony_n that_o the_o ignorant_a people_n dazzle_v with_o the_o ceremony_n forbear_v not_o to_o give_v unto_o these_o element_n before_o they_o be_v consecrate_v such_o a_o honour_n as_o do_v not_o belong_v unto_o they_o 24._o cabasil_n in_o liturg._n expos_fw-la c._n 24._o cabasilas_n archbishop_n of_o thessalonica_n who_o write_v in_o the_o fourteen_o century_n complain_v of_o it_o in_o the_o explication_n which_o he_o make_v of_o their_o liturgy_n and_o say_v those_o which_o unadvised_o do_v so_o do_v confound_v the_o element_n which_o be_v sanctify_v with_o those_o which_o be_v not_o and_o that_o from_o this_o confusion_n proceed_v the_o honour_n which_o they_o give_v unto_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n before_o consecration_n which_o this_o archbishop_n do_v condemn_v but_o in_o fine_a the_o element_n be_v so_o bring_v and_o lay_v upon_o the_o holy_a table_n to_o be_v consecrate_v these_o same_o liturgy_n inform_v we_o that_o he_o that_o officiate_n after_o have_v recite_v all_o the_o history_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o sacrament_n desire_v of_o god_n that_o he_o will_v send_v upon_o this_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o be_v offer_v unto_o he_o his_o holy_a spirit_n to_o make_v they_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n and_o because_o the_o author_n of_o the_o apostolical_a constitution_n which_o be_v not_o write_v until_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o century_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o four_o do_v very_o clear_o represent_v the_o manner_n of_o this_o consecration_n we_o will_v begin_v with_o he_o to_o show_v how_o this_o consecrate_v liturgy_n be_v couch_v for_o after_o have_v end_v the_o recital_n of_o the_o history_n of_o the_o eucharist_n by_o these_o word_n 12._o constitut_n apostol_n l._n 8._o cap._n 12._o do_v this_o in_o remembrance_n of_o i_o for_o as_o often_o as_o you_o eat_v this_o bread_n and_o drink_v this_o cup_n you_o show_v the_o lord_n death_n till_o he_o come_v he_o go_v on_o therefore_o set_v before_o we_o his_o passion_n his_o death_n and_o resurrection_n his_o ascension_n into_o heaven_n and_o his_o second_o come_v which_o will_v be_v when_o he_o come_v with_o power_n and_o glory_n to_o judge_v the_o quick_a and_o the_o dead_a and_o to_o reward_v everyone_o after_o their_o work_n we_o effer_fw-la unto_o thou_o o_o our_o king_n and_o our_o god_n according_a so_o thy_o commandment_n this_o bread_n and_o this_o cup_n in_o give_v thou_o thanks_o by_o he_o because_o thou_o have_v make_v we_o worthy_a to_o stand_v in_o thy_o presence_n to_o execute_v this_o ministry_n and_o we_o beseech_v thou_o o_o god_n who_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o nothing_o that_o thou_o will_v favourable_o behold_v these_o gift_n which_o be_v present_v before_o thou_o and_o that_o thou_o will_v therein_o do_v thy_o good_a pleasure_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o thy_o christ_n and_o that_o thou_o will_v send_v thy_o holy_a spirit_n upon_o this_o sacrifice_n the_o witness_n of_o the_o passion_n of_o the_o lord_n jesus_n to_o make_v this_o bread_n the_o body_n of_o thy_o christ_n and_o this_o cup_n his_o blood_n to_o the_o end_n that_o those_o which_o partake_v of_o they_o may_v be_v confirm_v in_o piety_n obtain_v remission_n of_o sin_n may_v be_v deliver_v from_o the_o temptation_n of_o the_o devil_n fill_v with_o the_o holy_a ghost_n make_v worthy_a of_o thy_o christ_n and_o of_o everlasting_a life_n when_o thou_o o_o lord_n most_o mighty_a shall_v be_v reconcile_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o liturgy_n of_o st._n james_n it_o be_v say_v o_o lord_n send_v thy_o holy_a spirit_n upon_o we_o jacob_n liturg_n jacob_n and_o upon_o these_o sacred_a element_n which_o be_v offer_v to_o the_o end_n that_o come_v upon_o they_o he_o may_v sanctify_v this_o bread_n and_o this_o cup_n by_o his_o holy_a good_a and_o glorious_a presence_n and_o that_o he_o will_v make_v the_o bread_n the_o sacred_a body_n of_o thy_o christ_n and_o the_o cup_n his_o precious_a blood_n in_o that_o of_o s._n mark_n we_o beseech_v thou_o o_o god_n lover_n of_o mankind_n marc._n liturg._n marc._n to_o send_v down_o thy_o holy_a spirit_n upon_o we_o and_o upon_o these_o loaf_n and_o these_o chalice_n to_o sanctify_v and_o to_o consecrate_v they_o and_o to_o make_v this_o bread_n the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o this_o cup_n the_o blood_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n of_o jesus_n christ_n our_o lord_n our_o god_n our_o saviour_n and_o our_o sovereign_a king_n and_o so_o in_o those_o of_o st._n basil_n st._n chrysostome_n and_o general_o in_o all_o except_v the_o latin_a liturgy_n at_o this_o time_n use_v i_o say_v in_o that_o of_o the_o present_a time_n for_o i_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o it_o be_v otherwise_o ancient_o and_o that_o in_o all_o appearance_n they_o cut_v off_o from_o this_o liturgy_n i_o mean_v from_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o mass_n the_o prayer_n which_o follow_v as_o in_o the_o other_o liturgy_n the_o word_n of_o institution_n by_o the_o which_o prayer_n christian_n be_v wont_a to_o consecrate_v the_o divine_a symbol_n even_o in_o the_o west_n during_o the_o space_n of_o a_o thousand_o year_n and_o to_o the_o end_n this_o truth_n shall_v be_v make_v manifest_a this_o question_n must_v be_v thorough_o examine_v to_o wit_n whether_o the_o ancient_n do_v consecrate_v by_o prayer_n and_o invocation_n and_o by_o thanksgiving_n or_o otherwise_o jesus_n christ_n the_o absolute_a master_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n do_v consecrate_v his_o sacrament_n by_o prayer_n blessing_n and_o thanksgiving_n as_o the_o divine_a writer_n do_v testify_v make_v use_n of_o two_o expression_n the_o one_o of_o which_o signify_v give_v of_o thanks_o and_o the_o other_o to_o bless_v as_o to_o their_o etymology_n but_o as_o to_o their_o sense_n and_o meaning_n they_o signify_v one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n the_o reason_n whereof_o may_v be_v that_o it_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o jew_n to_o conceive_v their_o prayer_n in_o term_n of_o praise_n and_o blessing_n the_o first_o christian_n which_o make_v the_o example_n of_o christ_n their_o law_n and_o rule_n intend_v not_o to_o consecrate_v any_o otherwise_o than_o he_o himself_o have_v do_v therefore_o justin_n martyr_n speak_v of_o prayer_n which_o the_o pastor_n make_v after_o have_v receive_v the_o bread_n and_o wine_n mingle_v with_o water_n which_o be_v present_v unto_o he_o 2._o just_a martyr_n apolog._n 2._o he_o call_v the_o bread_n and_o wine_n of_o the_o eucharist_n in_o the_o act_n of_o communion_n the_o bread_n
apostol_n l._n 8._o c._n 12._o the_o oblation_n unto_o the_o bishop_n have_v a_o priest_n on_o each_o hand_n of_o he_o and_o a_o deacon_n at_o each_o end_n of_o the_o altar_n with_o fan_n to_o hinder_v any_o fly_n or_o other_o little_a creature_n from_o fall_v into_o the_o cup_n then_o the_o bishop_n with_o the_o priest_n pray_v unto_o god_n with_o a_o low_a voice_n then_o he_o put_v on_o a_o rich_a vestment_n and_o stand_v by_o the_o altar_n he_o make_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o say_v unto_o the_o people_n there_o present_a the_o grace_n of_o god_n almighty_n the_o love_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n and_o the_o communication_n of_o the_o holy_a spirit_n be_v with_o you_o all_o and_o those_o which_o be_v present_a answer_n with_o one_o accord_n and_o with_o thy_o spirit_n the_o bishop_n say_v again_o lift_v up_o your_o heart_n unto_o which_o the_o people_n reply_n we_o do_v unto_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o bishop_n let_v we_o give_v thanks_o unto_o the_o lord_n it_o be_v just_a and_o right_a say_v the_o people_n after_o which_o the_o bishop_n address_v himself_o unto_o god_n say_v that_o it_o be_v just_a and_o right_o to_o praise_v he_o show_v in_o a_o long_a discourse_n the_o motive_n and_o reason_n of_o this_o praise_n take_v either_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o god_n and_o his_o work_n whether_o of_o the_o creation_n and_o preservation_n of_o his_o ancient_a people_n or_o from_o the_o redemption_n and_o send_v jesus_n christ_n into_o the_o world_n for_o our_o salvation_n which_o discourse_n he_o conclude_v by_o the_o history_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o sacrament_n from_o whence_o he_o proceed_v unto_o the_o consecration_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o this_o be_v in_o short_a the_o substance_n of_o the_o preparation_n which_o this_o liturgy_n do_v propose_v unto_o we_o on_o the_o part_n of_o he_o which_o do_v celebrate_v 3._o diony_n arcopag_n de_fw-fr eccles_n hierarch_n c._n 3._o in_o that_o of_o the_o pretend_a dennis_n the_o arcopagite_n the_o bishop_n make_v his_o prayer_n near_o the_o altar_n cause_v incense_n to_o be_v burn_v and_o go_v round_o the_o place_n of_o the_o assembly_n return_v unto_o the_o altar_n he_o begin_v to_o sing_v psalm_n all_o the_o clergy_n sing_v with_o he_o after_o which_o the_o deacon_n read_v some_o part_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n which_o be_v end_v the_o catechumeny_n the_o energumeny_n and_o the_o penitent_n be_v make_v to_o go_v out_o then_o the_o chief_a among_o the_o deacon_n together_o with_o the_o priest_n put_v the_o bread_n and_o cup_n of_o blessing_n upon_o the_o altar_n after_o a_o general_a hymnologie_n of_o all_o the_o church_n the_o bishop_n pray_v give_v the_o blessing_n unto_o those_o which_o be_v present_a which_o salute_v each_o other_o and_o have_v with_o the_o priest_n wash_v his_o hand_n he_o consecrate_v the_o divine_a gift_n but_o because_o one_o of_o the_o circumstance_n of_o this_o preparation_n be_v the_o burn_a of_o incense_n let_v we_o endeavour_v to_o discover_v as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v the_o time_n when_o christian_n first_o begin_v to_o introduce_v this_o ceremony_n into_o the_o service_n of_o their_o holy_a religion_n tertullian_n who_o write_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o century_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o three_o do_v sufficient_o testify_v that_o christian_n in_o that_o time_n be_v whole_o ignorant_a of_o the_o use_n of_o it_o and_o that_o perfume_n be_v not_o use_v in_o their_o worship_n for_o speak_v of_o prayer_n which_o they_o present_v unto_o god_n for_o their_o emperor_n 719._o tertull._n in_o apolog._n c._n â—â—_o see_v athanag_n who_o reject_v it_o besore_n tâ—rtul_n in_o apol._n for_o christian_n p._n 13_o and_o clement_n alexandrin_n in_o his_o stromates_n p._n 717._o &_o 719._o i_o can_v say_v he_o demand_v these_o thing_n but_o of_o he_o who_o i_o know_v will_v grant_v they_o unto_o i_o as_o it_o be_v he_o only_o in_o who_o power_n it_o be_v to_o grant_v they_o it_o be_v unto_o we_o only_o that_o he_o will_v give_v they_o because_o we_o be_v his_o faithful_a servant_n which_o adore_v and_o worship_n he_o alone_o and_o offer_v unto_o he_o the_o fat_a and_o best_a sacrifice_n which_o he_o have_v command_v to_o be_v offer_v unto_o he_o to_o wit_n prayer_n proceed_v from_o a_o chaste_a body_n a_o pure_a soul_n and_o from_o the_o holy_a spirit_n and_o not_o grain_n of_o incense_n of_o small_a price_n not_o drop_n of_o that_o arabian_a tree_n not_o two_o spoonful_n of_o wine_n nor_o the_o blood_n of_o a_o oâ—_n ready_a to_o die_v of_o fat._n and_o in_o the_o same_o treatise_n he_o declare_v that_o if_o the_o christian_n make_v any_o use_n of_o incense_n it_o be_v in_o bury_v of_o their_o dead_a scapul_fw-la id._n ibid._n c._n 42._o vide_fw-la de_fw-fr idolat_a c._n 11._o &_o ad_fw-la scapul_fw-la we_o do_v not_o buy_v any_o incense_n say_v he_o if_o the_o aratian_a merchant_n do_v complain_v let_v they_o know_v that_o there_o be_v more_o of_o their_o commodity_n employ_v and_o with_o great_a profusion_n in_o bury_v christian_n then_o in_o perfume_a the_o image_n of_o the_o go_n and_o elsewhere_o he_o make_v the_o true_a use_n of_o incense_n to_o consist_v in_o drive_v away_o ill_a odour_n 10._o id._n the_o coron_n c._n 10._o when_o i_o go_v into_o any_o place_n say_v he_o and_o smell_v a_o ill_a savour_n that_o offend_v i_o i_o cause_v a_o little_a incense_n to_o be_v burn_v but_o not_o with_o the_o same_o ceremony_n the_o same_o disposition_n nor_o the_o same_o pomp_n 7._o advers._fw-la gent._n l._n 7._o as_o it_o be_v burn_v in_o the_o temple_n of_o idol_n arnobius_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o century_n if_o not_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o four_o do_v in_o such_o sort_n press_v the_o gentile_n for_o their_o cause_v incense_n to_o be_v burn_v unto_o their_o god_n that_o there_o be_v no_o likelihood_n he_o will_v have_v treat_v they_o as_o he_o do_v if_o the_o christian_n have_v use_v it_o in_o any_o of_o their_o ceremony_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n or_o at_o the_o least_o he_o will_v have_v represent_v that_o there_o be_v very_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o in_o regard_n that_o what_o the_o gentile_n do_v unto_o the_o honour_n of_o idol_n christian_n do_v unto_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o true_a god_n he_o do_v nothing_o of_o all_o this_o he_o content_v himself_o in_o deride_v the_o blindness_n of_o the_o gentile_n and_o to_o show_v they_o that_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a in_o they_o to_o undertake_v to_o offer_v odour_n and_o perfume_n unto_o their_o go_n and_o lactantius_n 2._o epitome_n c._n 2._o his_o disciple_n do_v he_o not_o positive_o say_v that_o god_n do_v not_o require_v of_o we_o neither_o sacrifice_n nor_o perfume_n 12._o orat._n ad_fw-la coetum_fw-la c._n 12._o and_o eusebius_n introduce_v the_o emperor_n constantine_n say_v that_o the_o sacrament_n be_v a_o sacrifice_n of_o thanksgiving_n wherein_o be_v not_o desire_v neither_o a_o smell_n of_o incense_n nor_o a_o burn_a brand._n st._n austin_n himself_o who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 430._o seem_v whole_o to_o reject_v the_o use_n of_o incense_n in_o god_n worship_n 49._o in_o psal_n 49._o we_o say_v he_o be_v in_o safety_n we_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o travel_v into_o arabia_n to_o get_v incense_n we_o do_v not_o cause_v the_o greedy_a merchant_n to_o unfold_v his_o ballot_v 50._o in_o psal_n 50._o god_n require_v of_o we_o a_o sacrifice_n of_o praise_n and_o of_o thanksgiving_n and_o elsewhere_o do_v not_o make_v provision_n of_o perfume_n which_o come_v from_o without_o but_o say_v o_o god_n what_o i_o dedicate_v unto_o thou_o be_v in_o my_o heart_n with_o the_o praise_n which_o i_o will_v render_v unto_o thou_o and_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o 65._o in_o psal_n 65._o st._n hillary_n understand_v it_o so_o when_o he_o say_v we_o be_v inform_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o psalm_n what_o be_v mean_v by_o perfume_n let_v my_o prayer_n come_v before_o thou_o like_o incense_n signify_v that_o by_o perfume_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v prayer_n st._n ambrose_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o gospel_n according_a to_o st._n luke_n speak_v of_o perfume_a altar_n in_o expound_v what_o be_v say_v of_o zacharias_n the_o father_n of_o st._n john_n baptist_n that_o his_o lot_n fall_v to_o offer_v incense_n but_o because_o he_o say_v in_o the_o same_o place_n that_o jesus_n christ_n be_v sacrifice_v which_o can_v be_v literal_o true_a all_o christian_n confess_v that_o he_o be_v not_o real_o sacrifice_v in_o the_o eucharist_n i_o suppose_v the_o safe_a and_o best_a way_n be_v mystical_o and_o in_o a_o spiritual_a sense_n to_o understand_v st._n ambrose_n his_o discourse_n especial_o sea_v the_o declaration_n which_o st._n austin_n
carry_v sundry_a sort_n of_o meat_n unto_o the_o monument_n of_o martyr_n and_o after_o prayer_n they_o carry_v they_o to_o their_o house_n eat_v of_o they_o and_o give_v alm_n with_o a_o opinion_n that_o they_o be_v sanctify_v by_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o martyr_n but_o now_o it_o be_v high_a time_n to_o inquire_v what_o be_v the_o form_n of_o the_o bread_n which_o be_v offer_v for_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n the_o apostle_n s_o paul_n say_v in_o the_o ten_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o to_o the_o corinthian_n that_o we_o be_v all_o partaker_n of_o one_o bread_n this_o make_v i_o think_v that_o they_o offer_v upon_o the_o holy_a table_n a_o loaf_n great_a or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o communicant_n the_o unity_n of_o this_o loaf_n represent_v the_o unity_n of_o the_o mystical_a body_n of_o christ_n and_o this_o loaf_n be_v break_v into_o piece_n to_o give_v a_o share_n unto_o each_o communicant_a the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n unto_o the_o philadelphian_o under_o the_o name_n of_o st._n ignatius_n give_v we_o no_o leave_n to_o doubt_v of_o it_o for_o we_o therein_o read_v these_o word_n there_o be_v one_o only_a bread_n break_v unto_o all_o ephes_n ign._n ad_fw-la philad_n id._n ad_fw-la ephes_n and_o in_o that_o to_o the_o ephesian_n he_o speak_v after_o this_o sort_n of_o break_v one_o only_a loaf_n durandus_fw-la have_v well_o observe_v it_o in_o his_o rational_a above_o 300_o year_n ago_o they_o offer_v say_v he_o a_o great_a loaf_n which_o serve_v they_o all_o 3_o durand_n bat._n l._n 4._o c._n 53._o â—â—_o 3_o it_o be_v say_v the_o greek_n still_o observe_v the_o same_o custom_n which_o be_v very_o true_a and_o also_o several_a christian_a communion_n observe_v it_o at_o this_o present_a time_n that_o be_v that_o they_o proportion_n the_o bread_n of_o the_o eucharist_n unto_o the_o number_n of_o communicant_n whether_o they_o offer_v they_o whole_a upon_o the_o table_n of_o the_o church_n as_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o practice_n at_o this_o day_n among_o the_o abassins_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o piece_n or_o parcel_n before_o they_o be_v offer_v 55._o epiph._n in_o anch._n greg._n 1._o dial._n l._n 4._o c._n 55._o these_o loaf_n be_v of_o a_o round_a form_n as_o s._n epiphanus_n tell_v we_o and_o be_v like_o loaf_n or_o cake_n therefore_o in_o the_o dialogue_n of_o gregory_n the_o first_o they_o be_v call_v crown_n for_o he_o make_v mention_n of_o a_o priest_n that_o carry_v to_o a_o certain_a person_n two_o crown_n of_o oblation_n therefore_o a_o certain_a interpreter_n of_o the_o roman_a order_n in_o cassander_n have_v this_o observation_n 60._o apud_fw-la cassan_n in_o liturg._n p._n 60._o that_o although_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o form_n and_o measure_n of_o oblation_n do_v ancient_o depend_v on_o the_o zeal_n and_o devotion_n of_o each_o particular_a person_n yet_o we_o may_v gather_v from_o the_o work_n of_o st._n gregory_n some_o mark_n of_o this_o custom_n and_o have_v produce_v what_o have_v be_v above_o allege_a of_o the_o four_o book_n of_o his_o dialogue_n he_o add_v these_o crown_n be_v like_o those_o which_o christian_n be_v wont_a to_o offer_v unto_o god_n at_o that_o time_n for_o themselves_o and_o for_o they_o then_o again_o say_v he_o it_o appear_v of_o what_o bigness_n and_o form_n the_o oblation_n of_o sacrificer_n ought_v to_o be_v which_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o make_v of_o a_o bandful_n of_o flower_n and_o in_o form_n of_o a_o crown_n which_o be_v to_o offer_v a_o loaf_n of_o bread_n such_o be_v the_o oblation_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o grave_a of_o s._n othmar_n in_o the_o eight_o century_n when_o solomon_n bishop_n of_o constance_n open_v it_o nou._n vâ—t_fw-la o_o hmar_n apud_fw-la sur._n an._n â—20_n 16._o nou._n for_o it_o be_v say_v that_o there_o be_v find_v under_o his_o head_n certain_a piece_n of_o bread_n of_o a_o round_a form_n which_o be_v common_o call_v oblation_n at_o this_o time_n many_o will_v call_v they_o wafer_n but_o then_o they_o be_v still_o call_v oblation_n and_o there_o be_v no_o question_n to_o be_v make_v but_o those_o loaf_n be_v for_o their_o greatness_n and_o bigness_n proportion_v unto_o the_o number_n of_o believer_n which_o be_v to_o communicate_v this_o custom_n be_v so_o well_o settle_v that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o ancient_n that_o there_o befall_v any_o alteration_n until_o the_o end_n of_o the_o seven_o century_n that_o some_o priest_n in_o spain_n bethink_v themselves_o of_o raise_v into_o a_o round_a form_n a_o little_a crust_n of_o bread_n which_o they_o have_v prepare_v for_o their_o own_o use_n the_o which_o they_o employ_v in_o make_v their_o sacrament_n but_o the_o sixteenth_o council_n of_o toledo_n assemble_v anno_fw-la 693._o provide_v against_o this_o disorder_n and_o abuse_v by_o the_o six_o canon_n which_o contain_v this_o excellent_a rule_n 6._o council_n 16._o tolet_n c._n 6._o it_o be_v come_v unto_o the_o knowledge_n of_o our_o assembly_n that_o in_o some_o part_n of_o spain_n certain_a priest_n either_o through_o ignorance_n or_o impudent_a temerity_n do_v not_o offer_v upon_o the_o lord_n table_n loaf_n of_o bread_n fit_v and_o prepare_v on_o purpose_n but_o as_o each_o one_o be_v thereto_o incline_v by_o necessity_n or_o carry_v by_o inclination_n they_o raise_v hasty_o and_o in_o a_o round_a form_n little_a crust_n of_o bread_n intend_v for_o their_o particular_a use_n and_o offer_v they_o at_o the_o altar_n with_o water_n and_o wine_n for_o a_o holy_a oblation_n and_o thereupon_o have_v allege_v the_o text_n of_o three_o evangelist_n and_o of_o st._n paul_n the_o council_n do_v thus_o determine_v in_o fine_a what_o we_o can_v collect_v be_v that_o take_v a_o whole_a loaf_n he_o break_v it_o and_o bless_v it_o and_o give_v it_o by_o parcel_n unto_o each_o of_o his_o disciple_n to_o show_v we_o to_o do_v the_o like_a for_o time_n to_o come_v and_o without_o doubt_n to_o signify_v that_o each_o morsel_n be_v bread_n but_o that_o all_o bread_n be_v not_o a_o morsel_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o he_o say_v in_o the_o follow_a word_n point_v at_o he_o that_o be_v to_o betray_v he_o unto_o who_o i_o shall_v give_v the_o sop_n he_o it_o be_v therefore_o see_v the_o word_n of_o our_o redeemer_n show_v that_o he_o take_v a_o whole_a loaf_n and_o not_o a_o morsel_n and_o that_o he_o give_v it_o by_o parcel_n unto_o his_o disciple_n in_o break_v it_o after_o have_v bless_v it_o and_o also_o see_v the_o apostle_n st._n paul_n mention_n that_o he_o take_v bread_n and_o break_v it_o give_v thanks_o etc._n etc._n be_v it_o not_o to_o teach_v we_o that_o we_o shall_v take_v a_o whole_a loaf_n and_o set_v it_o upon_o the_o lord_n table_n to_o be_v bless_v and_o not_o a_o piece_n of_o bread_n see_v that_o our_o lord_n do_v not_o so_o for_o if_o man_n be_v careful_a with_o affection_n to_o employ_v all_o the_o diligence_n he_o can_v possible_a for_o preserve_v his_o life_n how_o much_o more_o care_n and_o exactness_n ought_v he_o to_o show_v for_o the_o purity_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o service_n of_o god_n therefore_o desire_v to_o set_v bound_n unto_o this_o temerity_n or_o ignorance_n we_o have_v with_o a_o full_a consent_n think_v fit_a that_o the_o bread_n set_v upon_o the_o table_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o be_v sanctify_v by_o the_o ministerial_a benediction_n shall_v be_v a_o entire_a clean_a and_o whole_a loaf_n prepare_v for_o that_o purpose_n afterward_o the_o father_n do_v recommend_v the_o use_n of_o middling_a oblation_n intend_v as_o i_o conjecture_v that_o the_o quantity_n of_o bread_n shall_v be_v proportion_v to_o the_o number_n of_o communicant_n to_o the_o end_n that_o what_o remain_v say_v they_o may_v the_o better_o be_v keep_v or_o if_o it_o be_v eat_v that_o it_o shall_v not_o incommode_v the_o stomach_n by_o its_o quantity_n and_o weight_n and_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o it_o be_v intend_v rather_o to_o feed_v the_o soul_n than_o the_o body_n it_o may_v therefore_o easy_o be_v conceive_v that_o these_o middling_a oblation_n mention_v by_o the_o council_n of_o toledo_n be_v so_o call_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o number_n of_o communicant_o which_o be_v to_o participate_v of_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n unto_o who_o the_o bread_n offer_v for_o the_o communion_n be_v to_o be_v proportion_v and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v make_v too_o big_a fear_v lest_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v that_o more_o regard_n be_v have_v unto_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o sacrament_n than_o unto_o the_o virtue_n and_o to_o feed_v the_o body_n by_o digestion_n than_o to_o strengthen_v the_o soul_n by_o heavenly_a and_o spiritual_a nourishment_n yet_o nevertheless_o this_o decree_n be_v very_o
and_o wine_n whereon_o prayer_n be_v make_v and_o say_v express_o that_o this_o food_n be_v consecrate_v by_o prayer_n 34._o iren._n l._n 4._o c._n 34._o st._n irenaeus_n say_v the_o same_o for_o he_o also_o call_v it_o the_o bread_n upon_o which_o prayer_n have_v be_v make_v the_o bread_n which_o have_v receive_v invocation_n and_o that_o by_o this_o mean_n cease_v to_o be_v common_a bread_n and_o say_v that_o we_o sanctify_v the_o creature_n this_o be_v also_o the_o language_n of_o tertullian_n write_v against_o martion_n 23._o tertul._n advers._fw-la marc._n l._n 1._o c._n 23._o for_o he_o observe_v that_o if_o jesus_n christ_n have_v not_o be_v the_o son_n of_o the_o creator_n as_o this_o heretic_n deny_v he_o will_v not_o have_v give_v thanks_o unto_o another_o god_n upon_o a_o creature_n that_o have_v be_v none_o of_o he_o 2_o strom._n l._n 1._o &_o paedag_n l._n 2._o c._n 2_o it_o be_v unto_o prayer_n and_o thanksgiving_n that_o clemens_n of_o alexandria_n refer_v the_o consecration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n of_o our_o lord_n 15._o origen_n contr_n cell_n l._n 8._o &_o in_o matth._n c._n 15._o therefore_o origen_n call_v the_o bread_n of_o the_o sacrament_n the_o symbol_n of_o prayer_n and_o that_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v make_v a_o sacred_a and_o sanctify_a body_n by_o prayer_n st._n cyrill_a of_o jerusalem_n in_o his_o mystagogical_a catechism_n the_o bread_n and_o wine_n of_o the_o eucharist_n before_o the_o invocation_n of_o the_o adorable_a trinity_n be_v but_o common_a bread_n and_o common_a wine_n but_o prayer_n be_v end_v the_o bread_n be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o wine_n the_o blood_n of_o christ_n 4._o lib._n 4._o juvencus_n a_o priest_n of_o spain_n in_o his_o evangelical_n history_n which_o he_o compose_v in_o latin_a verse_n have_v say_v he_o devout_o pray_v 351._o basil_n de_fw-fr sp._n sancto_fw-la c._n 27._o t._n 2._o p._n 351._o the_o great_a st._n basil_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n which_o of_o the_o saint_n have_v leave_v unto_o we_o in_o writing_n the_o word_n of_o invocation_n for_o consecrate_v the_o bread_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o the_o cup_n of_o blessing_n gregory_n of_o nyssen_n his_o brother_n 536._o in_o baptism_n christ_n p._n 8_o 22._o orat._n catech._n c._n 37._o p._n 536._o the_o mystical_a oil_n as_o also_o the_o wine_n be_v of_o no_o great_a moment_n before_o consecration_n but_o after_o the_o sanctification_n of_o the_o holy_a spirit_n they_o operate_v excellent_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o and_o elsewhere_o the_o bread_n be_v sanctify_v by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o by_o prayer_n and_o elsewhere_o ibid._n ibid._n the_o nature_n of_o visible_a thing_n be_v transelemented_a by_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o benediction_n st._n ambrose_n bishop_n of_o milan_n 4._o l._n 4._o the_o side_n c._n 5._o t._n 4._o as_o often_o as_o we_o take_v the_o sacrament_n which_o by_o the_o mystery_n of_o holy_a prayer_n be_v transfigure_v into_o his_o flesh_n and_o blood_n we_o do_v show_v the_o lord_n death_n optatus_n bishop_n of_o milevis_n in_o numidia_n describe_v the_o cruelty_n and_o rage_n of_o the_o donatist_n against_o catholic_n and_o mark_v particular_o against_o what_o they_o show_v it_o what_o say_v he_o be_v more_o sacrilegious_a than_o to_o break_v tear_n 6._o lib._n 6._o and_o destroy_v the_o altar_n of_o god_n whereon_o you_o yourselves_o have_v sometime_o offer_v etc._n etc._n where_o the_o almighty_a god_n have_v be_v invoke_v where_o the_o holy_a ghost_n draw_v down_o by_o prayer_n have_v descend_v 87._o paschal_n 1._o bibl._n patr._n t._n 3._o p._n 87._o theophilus_n of_o alexandria_n speak_v of_o origen_n he_o do_v not_o consider_v say_v he_o that_o the_o bread_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o the_o holy_a cup_n be_v consecrate_v by_o prayer_n and_o by_o the_o come_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n st._n gaudentius_n bishop_n of_o bress_n in_o italy_n 2._o in_o exod._n tract_n 2._o when_o our_o saviour_n present_v unto_o the_o disciple_n the_o consecrate_a bread_n and_o wine_n he_o say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n in_o speak_v after_o this_o manner_n he_o show_v that_o the_o bread_n be_v consecrate_v before_o the_o pronounce_v of_o these_o word_n this_o be_v my_o body_n ephrem_fw-la of_o edessa_n if_o the_o book_n publish_v in_o his_o name_n be_v he_o the_o lord_n take_v bread_n into_o his_o hand_n bless_a and_o break_v it_o nonscrutandâ—_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la dei_fw-la curiose_fw-la nonscrutandâ—_n in_o type_n of_o his_o immaculate_a body_n and_o bless_v the_o cup_n in_o figure_n of_o his_o precious_a blood_n st._n chrysostom_n in_o his_o homily_n upon_o st._n matthew_n the_o lord_n give_v thanks_o show_v we_o how_o we_o shall_v celebrate_v this_o sacrament_n graec._n hom._n 82._o graec._n and_o upon_o the_o first_o epistle_n to_o the_o corinthian_n hom._n 24._o in_o 1_o ad_fw-la corinth_n the_o apostle_n say_v the_o cup_n of_o blessing_n because_o hold_v it_o in_o our_o hand_n we_o offer_v unto_o god_n hymn_n and_o praise_n and_o do_v praise_v he_o s._n jerom_n in_o his_o letter_n unto_o evagrius_n reprove_v the_o pride_n and_o vanity_n of_o the_o deacon_n which_o rash_o advance_v themselves_o above_o the_o priest_n who_o can_v endure_v say_v he_o 83._o epist_n 83._o that_o the_o minister_n of_o table_n and_o of_o widow_n shall_v raise_v themselves_o be_v swell_v with_o pride_n above_o thofe_n which_o by_o prayer_n do_v make_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n and_o elsewhere_o he_o say_v that_o prayer_n be_v thereunto_o necessary_a st._n austin_n in_o his_o letter_n unto_o paulinus_n 59_o in_o sophon_n â—3_n epist_n 59_o we_o mean_v by_o prayer_n those_o which_o we_o make_v in_o celebrate_v the_o sacrament_n before_o we_o begin_v to_o bless_v what_o be_v upon_o the_o lord_n table_n and_o by_o benediction_n those_o which_o be_v make_v when_o they_o be_v bless_v and_o sanctify_a and_o break_v in_o piece_n to_o be_v distribute_v and_o in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o trinity_n we_o call_v that_o only_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n 4._o lib._n 3._o c._n 4._o which_o be_v take_v from_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v consecrate_v by_o prayer_n and_o elsewhere_o write_v against_o the_o donatist_n which_o reject_v the_o sacrament_n consecrate_v and_o administer_v by_o sinner_n what_o then_o say_v he_o 20._o de_fw-fr baptism_n l._n 5._o c._n 20._o do_v god_n hear_v a_o homicide_n pray_v either_o on_o the_o water_n of_o baptism_n or_o on_o the_o oil_n or_o upon_o the_o eucharist_n and_o in_o fine_a in_o another_o place_n divers_a serm._n 87._o the_o divers_a it_o be_v not_o all_o sort_n of_o bread_n that_o be_v make_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n but_o that_o which_o receive_v the_o blessing_n of_o jesus_n christ_n s._n cyrill_a of_o alexandria_n do_v very_o frequent_o call_v the_o eucharist_n joan._n glaphir_n in_o genes_n exod._n levit._n &_o in_o joan._n eulogy_n that_o be_v blessing_n because_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o it_o be_v consecrate_v by_o blessing_n and_o prayer_n and_o that_o blessing_n be_v all_o one_o in_o st._n cyril_n sense_n with_o sanctification_n and_o consecration_n he_o show_v plain_o 12._o contra_fw-la anthropomopth_n c._n 12._o when_o he_o say_v elsewhere_o we_o believe_v that_o the_o oblation_n make_v in_o the_o church_n be_v sanctify_v bless_a and_o consecrate_v by_o jesus_n christ_n theodoret_n who_o be_v not_o always_o of_o st._n cyril_n mind_n yet_o agree_v with_o he_o full_o in_o this_o matter_n 2._o dialog_n 2._o what_o do_v you_o call_v the_o oblation_n which_o be_v offer_v before_o the_o invocation_n of_o the_o priest_n a_o food_n make_v of_o such_o seed_n and_o what_o do_v you_o call_v it_o after_o consecration_n the_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n st._n prosper_n or_o some_o body_n else_o in_o his_o name_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o promise_n and_o prediction_n 2._o part._n 2._o c._n 2._o he_o affirm_v at_o his_o table_n that_o the_o bread_n be_v his_o sacred_a body_n a_o fragment_n of_o a_o liturgy_n attribute_v unto_o proclus_n bishop_n of_o constantinople_n speak_v of_o the_o apostle_n and_o their_o successor_n pray_v over_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n by_o these_o prayer_n say_v he_o they_o look_v for_o the_o come_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n to_o make_v and_o consecrate_v by_o his_o divine_a presence_n the_o bread_n offer_v and_o the_o wine_n mingle_v with_o water_n into_o the_o body_n itself_o or_o to_o be_v the_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n our_o saviour_n victor_n of_o antioch_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o st._n mark_n according_a to_o the_o greek_a 14._o in_o cap._n 14._o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o those_o which_o present_v the_o bread_n shall_v believe_v that_o after_o consecration_n and_o prayer_n it_o be_v his_o body_n the_o suppose_a eusebius_n of_o emessa_n or_o rather_o caesarius_n bishop_n of_o aâ—â—â—s_n or_o some_o other_o for_o
it_o be_v very_o uncertain_a who_o the_o sermon_n be_v the_o word_n whereof_o we_o intend_v to_o cite_v they_o be_v consecrate_v by_o the_o invocation_n of_o almighty_a god_n 405._o de_fw-fr pasch_fw-mi hom._n 5._o lib._n 9_o p._n 405._o and_o in_o the_o same_o sermon_n he_o attribute_n it_o unto_o sanctification_n the_o sanctification_n say_v he_o be_v pronounce_v he_o say_v take_v and_o drink_v facundus_n of_o hermiane_n the_o lord_n call_v his_o body_n and_o blood_n the_o bread_n which_o he_o have_v bless_v and_o the_o cup_n which_o he_o give_v unto_o his_o disciple_n gregory_n the_o first_o bishop_n of_o rome_n 7._o epist_n l._n 7._o what_o we_o say_v of_o the_o lord_n prayer_n present_o after_o invocation_n it_o be_v because_o the_o apostle_n be_v wont_a to_o consecrate_v the_o host_n of_o the_o oblation_n 63._o epist_n 63._o by_o that_o prayer_n only_o which_o some_o have_v observe_v after_o he_o that_o have_v write_v of_o ecclesiastical_a office_n as_o amalarius_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 26._o walafridus_n strabo_n cap._n 20_o and_o berno_n cap._n 1._o isidore_z of_o sevill_n 15._o de_fw-fr eccles_n offic_n l._n 1._o c._n 15._o st._n peter_n first_o of_o all_o institute_v the_o order_n of_o prayer_n by_o the_o which_o be_v consecrate_v the_o sacrifice_n offer_v unto_o god_n and_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v call_v a_o sacrifice_n as_o a_o holy_a action_n because_o it_o be_v consecrate_v by_o mystical_a prayer_n in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o passion_n which_o our_o lord_n suffer_v for_o we_o the_o book_n of_o charlemagne_n touch_v image_n the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n etc._n etc._n be_v consecrate_v by_o the_o priest_n by_o the_o invocation_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n 32._o de_fw-fr instit_fw-la cler._n l._n 1._o c._n 32._o rabanus_n maurus_n the_o lord_n first_o of_o all_o consecrate_a by_o prayer_n and_o thanksgiving_n the_o sacrament_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n and_o give_v they_o unto_o his_o disciple_n which_o his_o apostle_n imitate_v practise_v afterward_o and_o teach_v their_o successor_n to_o do_v so_o likewise_o which_o the_o whole_a church_n do_v now_o practice_v all_o the_o world_n over_o 33._o ibid._n c._n 33._o and_o again_o as_o the_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n be_v embalm_v with_o sweet_a spice_n be_v due_o put_v into_o a_o new_a sepulchre_n so_o in_o like_a manner_n in_o his_o church_n his_o mystical_a body_n be_v prepare_v with_o the_o perfume_n of_o holy_a prayer_n it_o be_v administer_v in_o sacred_a vessel_n by_o the_o ministry_n of_o priest_n 2._o serm._n 11_o t._n 4._o bibl._n patr._n part_n 2._o to_o the_o end_n believer_n may_v receive_v it_o egberâ—_n against_o the_o cathari_n in_o the_o xii_o century_n seem_v also_o to_o refer_v the_o consecration_n unto_o the_o benediction_n although_o his_o doctrine_n be_v quite_o different_a from_o that_o of_o rabanus_n have_v we_o no_o other_o testimony_n but_o these_o abovementioned_a and_o which_o be_v frequent_o allege_v they_o be_v doubtless_o sufficient_a to_o prove_v that_o in_o the_o primitive_a church_n the_o consecration_n of_o the_o symbol_n of_o the_o eucharist_n be_v perform_v by_o prayer_n and_o give_v of_o thanks_o but_o because_o the_o thing_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n the_o reader_n will_v not_o be_v displease_v if_o i_o join_v the_o follow_a testimony_n unto_o the_o former_a to_o begin_v with_o st._n fulgentius_n who_o in_o the_o fragment_n of_o his_o book_n against_o fabian_n say_v 202._o exit_fw-la libro_fw-la 8._o p._n 202._o you_o have_v imagine_v touch_v the_o prayer_n by_o the_o which_o at_o the_o time_n of_o sacrifice_n the_o descent_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n be_v implore_v that_o it_o will_v seem_v to_o imply_v that_o he_o be_v local_o present_a and_o a_o little_a after_o the_o holy_a spirit_n do_v sanctify_v the_o sacrifice_n and_o baptism_n by_o his_o divine_a virtue_n macarius_n bishop_n of_o antioch_n in_o the_o eight_o act_n of_o the_o vi_o general_a council_n we_o say_v he_o e._n tom._n 5._o council_n p._n 99_o e._n draw_v near_o unto_o the_o mystical_a blessing_n and_o be_v sanctify_v be_v make_v partaker_n of_o the_o holy_a body_n and_o of_o the_o precious_a blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n the_o saviour_n of_o all_o the_o xvi_o council_n of_o toledo_n assemble_v anno._n 693._o say_v c._n can._n 6._o t._n 5._o council_n p._n 430._o c._n that_o the_o apostle_n teach_v we_o to_o take_v a_o whole_a loaf_n and_o to_o put_v it_o upon_o the_o table_n or_o altar_n to_o be_v bless_v and_o again_o our_o assembly_n have_v appoint_v by_o a_o general_a consent_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v present_v at_o the_o lord_n table_n a_o entire_a and_o good_a loaf_n to_o be_v consecrate_v by_o the_o ministerial_a benediction_n a_o council_n of_o constantinople_n compose_v of_o 338._o bishop_n assemble_v anno._n 754._o say_v that_o the_o lord_n will_v that_o the_o bread_n of_o the_o eucharist_n 756._o act_n 6._o council_n 2._o niceni_n t._n 5._o council_n p._n 756._o as_o a_o true_a figure_n or_o image_n of_o his_o natural_a body_n be_v sanctify_v by_o the_o come_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n do_v become_v his_o divine_a body_n and_o will_v you_o know_v how_o the_o priest_n which_o make_v the_o oblation_n say_v the_o father_n interpose_v to_o make_v it_o holy_a whereas_o it_o be_v common_a to_o wit_n by_o his_o prayer_n whereby_o he_o beg_v of_o god_n the_o presence_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n george_n pachimer_n 290._o in_o epist_n 9_o t._n 1._o p._n 290._o paraphraser_n of_o the_o pretend_a denys_n the_o areopagite_n declare_v that_o the_o mystery_n be_v consecrate_v upon_o the_o holy_a table_n by_o bless_v the_o bread_n and_o the_o holy_a cup._n in_o the_o ancient_a formulary_n of_o a_o uncertain_a author_n publish_v by_o the_o late_a mounseur_fw-fr bignon_n edit_fw-la c._n 8._o p._n 121._o ult_n edit_fw-la the_o author_n whereof_o live_v in_o the_o day_n of_o lovis_n the_o debonnair_a we_o find_v that_o this_o prince_n to_o honour_v the_o church_n order_v that_o all_o those_o shall_v be_v set_v free_a and_o at_o liberty_n that_o be_v admit_v into_o holy_a order_n and_o say_v he_o who_o consecrate_v by_o the_o intervention_n of_o their_o prayer_n 18._o de_fw-fr ordine_fw-la baptism_n do_fw-mi 18._o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n theodulph_n bishop_n of_o orleans_n by_o the_o invisible_a consecration_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n pope_n nicolas_n the_o first_o write_v unto_o the_o emperor_n of_o constantinople_n 489._o tom._n 6._o council_n p._n 489._o attribute_n the_o consecration_n unto_o the_o benediction_n and_o sanctification_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n which_o word_n be_v find_v cite_v in_o the_o iv_o act_n of_o the_o council_n assemble_v against_o photius_n 738._o ibid._n p_o 738._o which_o the_o latin_n call_v the_o viii_o ecumenical_a council_n the_o council_n of_o cressy_n assemble_v anno._n 858._o say_v 129._o tom._n 3._o conc._n gall._n p._n 129._o that_o consecratton_n be_v make_v by_o prayer_n and_o by_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n charles_n the_o bald_a king_n of_o france_n and_o emperor_n of_o the_o west_n write_v unto_o pope_n adrian_n the_o second_o complain_v of_o some_o sharp_a and_o bitter_a word_n which_o this_o pope_n use_v against_o he_o write_v unto_o he_o among_o other_o thing_n we_o can_v think_v that_o such_o word_n can_v proceed_v out_o of_o your_o mouth_n 265._o supplem_fw-la conc._n gal._n p._n 265._o as_o make_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o jesus_n christ_n by_o devout_a and_o holy_a prayer_n hugh_n maynard_n a_o benedictine_n friar_n allege_v in_o his_o note_n upon_o the_o book_n of_o the_o sacrament_n of_o gregory_n the_o first_o two_o manuscript_n of_o the_o library_n of_o corby_n viz_o a_o old_a explication_n of_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o mass_n and_o a_o ancient_a treatise_n of_o the_o mass_n in_o both_o which_o the_o consecration_n be_v attribute_v unto_o prayer_n in_o the_o former_a of_o these_o manuscript_n be_v find_v these_o word_n by_o maynard_n relation_n the_o sacrifice_n be_v those_o which_o be_v consecrate_v with_o prayer_n 13._o p._n 12._o p._n 13._o and_o in_o the_o other_o sacrifice_n that_o be_v thing_n make_v holy_a because_o they_o be_v consecrate_v by_o mystical_a prayer_n which_o word_n as_o be_v observe_v by_o this_o learned_a friar_n be_v upon_o a_o matter_n take_v out_o of_o s._n isidore_n lib._n 6._o orig._n c._n 19_o ratherius_n bishop_n of_o verona_n in_o italy_n in_o the_o ten_o century_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o contempt_n of_o canon_n 183._o tom._n 2._o spicil_n p._n 183._o first_o part._n the_o oblation_n say_v he_o which_o be_v to_o be_v present_v and_o distribute_v unto_o the_o people_n be_v consecrate_v chief_o by_o the_o prayer_n wherein_o we_o say_v unto_o god_n our_o father_n which_o be_v in_o heaven_n which_o in_o all_o likelihood_n he_o borrow_v from_o gregory_n the_o first_o in_o fine_a the_o whole_a greek_a church_n
this_o be_v my_o blood_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n which_o be_v shed_v for_o many_o o._n he_o make_v no_o mention_n then_o of_o the_o divinity_n in_o show_v the_o type_n of_o that_o passion_n e._n not_o any_o o._n but_o of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n e._n it_o be_v true_a o_o the_o body_n than_o be_v crucify_a and_o venerable_a bede_n 14._o bede_n in_o marc._n c._n 14._o he_o himself_o break_v the_o bread_n which_o he_o present_v unto_o his_o disciple_n that_o he_o may_v show_v the_o fraction_n of_o his_o body_n also_o it_o be_v without_o all_o doubt_n that_o christian_n careful_o observe_v this_o ceremony_n for_o they_o consecrate_v a_o loaf_n great_a or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o communicant_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o several_a morsel_n to_o be_v distribute_v unto_o each_o communicant_a all_o the_o liturgy_n that_o be_v extant_a true_a or_o false_a testify_v this_o fraction_n and_o all_o the_o holy_a father_n confirm_v it_o according_o we_o read_v in_o the_o life_n of_o pope_n sergius_n who_o hold_v the_o chair_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o seven_o century_n that_o he_o ordain_v that_o at_o the_o break_v the_o bread_n of_o the_o lord_n extr._n t._n 5._o council_n p._n 407._o extr._n the_o people_n and_o clergy_n shall_v sing_v lamb_n of_o god_n that_o take_v away_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o world_n have_v mercy_n upon_o we_o hugh_n maynard_n who_o we_o mention_v before_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v print_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o book_n of_o sacrament_n of_o st._n gregory_n some_o ancient_a manuscript_n which_o contain_v several_a liturgy_n for_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n and_o in_o all_o these_o liturgy_n which_o be_v of_o the_o ten_o and_o eleven_o century_n the_o fraction_n which_o we_o speak_v of_o be_v therein_o find_v in_o that_o of_o ratold_a abbot_n of_o corby_n who_o live_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o ten_o century_n this_o prayer_n be_v make_v when_o the_o body_n be_v break_v o_o lord_n vouchsafe_v to_o send_v if_o it_o be_v thy_o will_n 265._o appear_v ad_fw-la lib._n sacram._n greg._n p._n 265._o thy_o holy_a angel_n upon_o this_o holy_a and_o immortal_a mystery_n to_o wit_n upon_o thy_o body_n and_o blood_n for_o o_o lord_n we_o break_v it_o and_o be_v please_v to_o bless_v it_o and_o vouchsafe_v to_o make_v we_o fit_a to_o handle_v it_o with_o pure_a hand_n and_o sense_n and_o to_o receive_v it_o worthy_o in_o another_o of_o these_o manuscript_n towards_o the_o year_n 1079._o 276._o ibid._n p._n 276._o there_o be_v also_o mention_v make_v of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o body_n of_o our_o lord_n into_o several_a part_n and_o in_o fine_a in_o a_o three_o of_o the_o year_n 1032._o or_o thereabouts_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o while_o the_o bishop_n be_v make_v the_o fraction_n 24._o in_o notis_n p_o 24._o he_o say_v lamb_n of_o god_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o the_o bread_n be_v break_v he_o bite_v in_o communicate_v in_o part_n of_o the_o oblation_n there_o be_v frequent_a mention_n make_v of_o this_o fraction_n in_o those_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o clunie_n abovementioned_a alibi_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 13._o p._n 58._o &_o l._n 2._o c._n 30._o p._n 141._o &_o alibi_fw-la the_o interpreter_n of_o the_o roman_a order_n who_o live_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o eleven_o century_n observe_v what_o we_o have_v already_o allege_v of_o pope_n sergius_n and_o because_o there_o be_v some_o who_o be_v scrupulous_a because_o the_o roman_a order_n command_v to_o break_v the_o bread_n of_o our_o lord_n he_o reproach_n they_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o scripture_n and_o of_o the_o father_n 29._o apud_fw-la cassan_n in_o litur_fw-la c._n 29._o we_o be_v inform_v say_v he_o that_o some_o person_n of_o late_a time_n do_v find_v and_o think_v strange_a that_o the_o roman_a order_n enjoin_v the_o bread_n of_o our_o lord_n to_o be_v break_v as_o if_o they_o have_v not_o read_v or_o that_o they_o have_v forget_v what_o be_v write_v in_o the_o gospel_n that_o jesus_n christ_n take_v bread_n that_o he_o bless_v it_o and_o break_v it_o and_o give_v it_o to_o his_o disciple_n say_v take_v eat_v etc._n etc._n and_o what_o be_v read_v in_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n that_o the_o primitive_a church_n continue_v with_o one_o accord_n in_o the_o doctrine_n and_o fellowship_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o in_o break_v of_o bread_n and_o watch_v in_o the_o exercise_n of_o prayer_n as_o for_o the_o holy_a father_n he_o say_v that_o forbear_v at_o this_o time_n to_o speak_v of_o all_o other_o who_o celebrate_v the_o divine_a mystery_n as_o they_o have_v be_v teach_v by_o the_o apostle_n and_o the_o evangelist_n he_o content_v himself_o to_o instance_n in_o the_o example_n of_o that_o woman_n mention_v by_o gregory_n the_o first_o in_o his_o dialogue_n who_o smile_v when_o she_o hear_v gregory_n call_v that_o loaf_n of_o bread_n which_o she_o herself_o have_v make_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n it_o be_v upon_o this_o custom_n of_o the_o break_v the_o bread_n of_o the_o sacrament_n that_o humbert_n cardinal_n of_o blanch-selva_a ground_n the_o slander_n he_o make_v against_o the_o greek_n in_o this_o same_o eleven_o century_n in_o that_o they_o use_v oblation_n which_o have_v be_v before_o consecrate_v during_o the_o lent_n because_o that_o oblige_a they_o to_o separate_v the_o benediction_n and_o break_v the_o bread_n from_o the_o distribution_n of_o it_o and_o indeed_o during_o lent_n they_o do_v not_o full_o celebrate_v the_o eucharist_n but_o on_o saturday_n and_o sunday_n and_o on_o that_o day_n they_o keep_v some_o of_o the_o consecrate_a symbol_n to_o communicate_v the_o other_o day_n of_o the_o week_n and_o so_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o do_v that_o at_o several_a time_n which_o our_o saviour_n do_v at_o once_o when_o he_o celebrate_v his_o sacrament_n thereupon_o humbert_n press_v his_o enemy_n nicetas_n b._n humbert_n contr_n nicet_fw-la t._n 4._o bibl._n pat._n part_n 2._o p._n 246._o â—id_n p._n 216._o b._n by_o the_o example_n of_o the_o son_n of_o god_n we_o read_v say_v he_o that_o the_o lord_n himself_o give_v unto_o his_o disciple_n not_o a_o imperfect_a but_o a_o perfect_a commemoration_n in_o give_v unto_o they_o the_o bread_n which_o he_o have_v break_v and_o at_o the_o same_o instant_a break_a and_o distribute_v for_o he_o not_o only_o bless_v it_o defer_v till_o next_o day_n to_o break_v it_o neither_o content_v he_o himself_o to_o break_v it_o but_o he_o distribute_v it_o present_o after_o have_v break_v it_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o bless_a martyr_n pope_n alexander_n the_o five_o after_o st_n peter_n insert_v the_o passion_n of_o our_o lord_n in_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o mass_n say_v not_o as_o oft_o as_o you_o do_v this_o but_z as_o often_o as_o you_o do_v these_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o you_o bless_v that_o you_o break_v and_o that_o you_o distribute_v you_o do_v it_o in_o remembrance_n of_o he_o because_o each_o of_o these_o three_o thing_n the_o blessing_n without_o the_o distribution_n do_v not_o perfect_o represent_v the_o commemoration_n of_o jesus_n christ_n no_o more_o than_o the_o distribution_n do_v without_o the_o benediction_n and_o the_o break_v i_o say_v nothing_o here_o of_o the_o decretal_a of_o pope_n alexander_n which_o be_v a_o forge_a and_o a_o counterfeit_a piece_n as_o be_v all_o the_o decretal_n of_o the_o first_o pope_n until_o siricius_n it_o suffice_v that_o until_o the_o day_n of_o humbert_n and_o also_o before_o it_o be_v own_v to_o be_v true_a that_o so_o its_o authority_n may_v serve_v to_o prove_v the_o ceremony_n of_o break_v the_o bread_n as_o a_o thing_n essential_a in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n also_o we_o see_v that_o most_o christian_a communion_n observe_v it_o at_o this_o time_n not_o distribute_v the_o holy_a bread_n unto_o the_o communicant_n until_o it_o be_v break_v in_o parcel_n to_o give_v a_o piece_n or_o morsel_n unto_o each_o one_o so_o it_o be_v practise_v by_o the_o greek_n the_o moscovite_n the_o russian_n and_o the_o abassins_n for_o they_o make_v a_o loaf_n of_o bread_n great_a or_o less_o either_o in_o breadth_n or_o thickness_n according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o communicant_n so_o that_o have_v bless_v and_o consecrate_v it_o they_o break_v it_o into_o little_a bit_n to_o distribute_v it_o unto_o those_o who_o approach_v unto_o the_o holy_a table_n to_o participate_v of_o this_o holy_a and_o divine_a sacrament_n from_o thence_o it_o be_v as_o st._n austin_n have_v observe_v that_o in_o some_o place_n they_o call_v the_o sacrament_n the_o parcel_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o piece_n among_o the_o greek_n the_o fragment_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o portion_n and_o piece_n of_o the_o eucharist_n break_v and_o the_o holy_a parcel_n as_o for_o the_o latin_a
have_v always_o the_o sacrament_n ready_a to_o communicate_v sick_a folk_n be_v they_o old_a or_o young_a that_o they_o may_v not_o die_v without_o communicate_v gautier_n bishop_n of_o orleans_n prescribe_v the_o same_o unto_o his_o priest_n in_o his_o capitulary_n of_o the_o year_n 869._o and_o riculfe_n bishop_n of_o soissons_fw-fr unto_o his_o in_o the_o year_n 889._o prove_v the_o necessity_n of_o communicate_v infant_n which_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v give_v present_o after_o baptism_n by_o the_o same_o word_n whereby_o s._n austin_n prove_v it_o the_o book_n of_o divine_a office_n call_v the_o roman_a order_n be_v write_v as_o some_o think_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o eight_o century_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o nine_o and_o as_o other_o think_v in_o the_o eleven_o in_o that_o book_n this_o decree_n be_v to_o be_v see_v 84._o ord._n rom._n t._n 10._o bibl._n pat._n p._n 84._o care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o young_a child_n receive_v no_o food_n after_o they_o be_v baptise_a and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o give_v they_o suck_v without_o great_a necessity_n until_o they_o have_v participate_v of_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n 73._o greg._n lib._n sac._n p._n 73._o nevertheless_o in_o s._n gregory_n time_n it_o be_v not_o forbid_v to_o give_v they_o suck_v but_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o eleven_o and_o beginning_n of_o the_o twelve_o century_n this_o pity_n be_v show_v unto_o these_o poor_a infant_n and_o for_o the_o difficulty_n there_o be_v in_o make_v they_o swallow_v bread_n they_o be_v communicate_v with_o the_o bless_a wine_n only_o 530._o pasch_fw-mi 2._o ep._n 32._o t._n 7._o conc_fw-fr patr_n 1._o p._n 530._o so_o it_o be_v enjoin_v by_o pope_n paschal_n the_o second_o who_o succeed_v unto_o vrban_n the_o second_o anno_fw-la 1099._o according_o to_o cardinal_n bellarmin_n computation_n and_o this_o custom_n continue_v after_o his_o death_n as_o hugh_n of_o s._n victor_n testify_v who_o live_v in_o the_o twelve_o century_n in_o his_o ecclesiastical_a book_n of_o ceremony_n sacrament_n office_n and_o observation_n 1376._o l._n 1._o c._n 20._o t._n 10._o bibl._n pat._n p._n 1376._o unto_o child_n new_a bear_v say_v he_o must_v be_v administer_v with_o the_o priest_n finger_n the_o sacrament_n in_o the_o species_n of_o blood_n because_o such_o in_o that_o state_n do_v natural_o suck_v and_o he_o say_v it_o must_v be_v so_o do_v according_a to_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o the_o church_n he_o lament_v the_o ignorance_n of_o priest_n who_o say_v he_o retain_v the_o form_n and_o not_o the_o thing_n give_v unto_o they_o wine_n instead_o of_o blood_n which_o he_o wish_v may_v be_v abolish_v if_o it_o can_v be_v do_v without_o offend_v the_o ignorant_a nevertheless_o this_o practice_n of_o give_v a_o little_a wine_n unto_o young_a child_n after_o baptism_n continue_v a_o long_a time_n in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o western_a church_n 25._o lindan_n panop_n l._n 4._o c._n 25._o as_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n of_o hugh_n of_o s._n victor_n and_o some_o have_v observe_v that_o not_o much_o above_o one_o hundred_o year_n ago_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v use_v and_o practise_v in_o the_o church_n of_o dordrecht_n in_o holland_n 40._o apud_fw-la arcad._n de_fw-fr concord_n l._n 3._o c._n 40._o before_o it_o embrace_v the_o protestant_n reform_v religion_n in_o fine_a simon_n of_o thessalonica_n cabasilas_n jeremy_n patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n and_o gabriel_n of_o philadelphia_n also_o defend_v this_o necessity_n of_o communicate_v not_o only_o of_o person_n of_o discretion_n but_o also_o of_o young_a child_n this_o tradition_n thus_o establish_v there_o only_o rest_v to_o finish_v this_o chapter_n to_o speak_v something_o touch_v the_o word_n of_o the_o distributer_n and_o of_o the_o communicant_a when_o the_o lord_n give_v unto_o the_o disciple_n the_o sacrament_n of_o bread_n he_o say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n and_o in_o give_v they_o the_o symbol_n of_o wine_n this_o be_v my_o blood_n or_o this_o cup_n be_v the_o new_a testament_n in_o my_o blood_n but_o we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o the_o apostle_n say_v any_o thing_n in_o justin_n martyr_n time_n 2._o apolog._n 2._o the_o distributer_n nor_o the_o communicant_a say_v nothing_o but_o the_o deacon_n give_v unto_o the_o believer_n bread_n and_o wine_n which_o have_v be_v consecrate_v 271._o serom._n l._n 1._o p._n 271._o and_o it_o may_v be_v collect_v from_o clement_n of_o alexandria_n that_o it_o be_v so_o practise_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o century_n some_o time_n after_o it_o be_v say_v unto_o the_o communicant_n in_o give_v they_o the_o sacrament_n the_o body_n of_o christ_n the_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o receiver_n answer_v amen_o as_o may_v be_v read_v in_o the_o apostolical_a constitution_n s._n ambrose_n s._n cyril_n of_o jerusalem_n s._n austin_n and_o elsewhere_o but_o it_o must_v also_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o say_v unto_o they_o you_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o that_o unto_o these_o word_n they_o answer_v amen_o as_o they_o have_v answer_v in_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n as_o be_v restify_v by_o s._n austin_n in_o his_o sermon_n unto_o the_o new_a baptise_a in_o s._n fulgentius_n in_o the_o day_n of_o gregory_n the_o first_o and_o after_o they_o say_v in_o distribute_v the_o eucharist_n the_o body_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n keep_v you_o unto_o life_n everlasting_a the_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n redeem_v you_o unto_o life_n everlasting_a but_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o believer_n answer_v so_o punctual_o amen_n such_o liberty_n the_o church_n have_v use_v in_o this_o circumstance_n of_o distribute_v the_o sacrament_n among_o the_o greek_n they_o say_v unto_o the_o communicant_a 83._o in_o euchol_n p._n 83._o servant_n of_o god_n you_o do_v communicate_v of_o the_o holy_a body_n and_o precious_a blood_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n in_o remission_n of_o sin_n and_o unto_o life_n everlasting_a but_o it_o be_v time_n to_o consider_v the_o thing_n which_o be_v give_v unto_o believer_n when_o they_o do_v participate_v of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o it_o be_v wherein_o we_o will_v employ_v the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o thing_n distribute_v and_o receive_v what_o be_v distribute_v unto_o believer_n in_o communicate_v be_v the_o thing_n which_o have_v be_v bless_v and_o consecrate_a to_o be_v make_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n i_o will_v not_o now_o examine_v the_o change_n which_o consecration_n may_v thereunto_o bring_v this_o not_o be_v the_o place_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n which_o shall_v appear_v in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o treatise_n it_o will_v suffice_v here_o to_o inquire_v if_o christian_n have_v always_o participate_v of_o both_o symbol_n and_o if_o they_o have_v ever_o be_v permit_v to_o communicate_v under_o both_o kind_n as_o be_v speak_v or_o under_o one_o kind_n only_o as_o for_o the_o symbol_n of_o bread_n it_o be_v a_o undoubted_a truth_n that_o it_o have_v always_o be_v give_v to_o believer_n in_o all_o christian_a communion_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o there_o have_v never_o be_v any_o contest_v on_o this_o subject_n at_o least_o in_o what_o regard_v the_o thing_n itself_o i_o mean_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o difference_n touch_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o bread_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v use_v in_o this_o mystery_n the_o great_a difficulty_n than_o be_v to_o know_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o species_n of_o wine_n we_o be_v indispensable_o force_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o communion_n under_o both_o kind_n and_o to_o lay_v before_o the_o reader_n eye_n the_o practice_n of_o christian_n with_o the_o change_n and_o innovation_n which_o have_v therein_o happen_v jesus_n christ_n who_o distribute_v the_o bread_n unto_o his_o apostle_n give_v unto_o they_o also_o the_o cup_n and_o express_o command_v they_o all_o to_o drink_v of_o it_o as_o s._n matthew_n have_v write_v s._n mark_n have_v say_v that_o they_o all_o drink_v of_o it_o the_o christian_n immediate_o follow_v the_o apostle_n practise_v the_o very_a same_o but_o because_o it_o will_v make_v a_o whole_a volume_n to_o collect_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o ancient_n to_o prove_v the_o certainty_n of_o this_o matter_n and_o beside_o both_o roman_a catholic_n as_o well_o as_o protestant_n confess_v that_o jesus_n christ_n do_v institute_v this_o sacrament_n under_o both_o kind_n that_o the_o apostle_n teach_v so_o and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o practise_v by_o the_o primitive_a church_n for_o a_o long_a time_n as_o i_o think_v it_o may_v suffice_v to_o prove_v this_o tradition_n from_o age_n to_o age_n by_o some_o of_o the_o clear_a passage_n and_o to_o follow_v it_o until_o its_o abolish_n at_o the_o council_n of_o
council_n nicaen_fw-la 2_o act_n 6._o assemble_v at_o constantinople_n against_o image_n in_o the_o year_n 754._o jesus_n christ_n say_v these_o father_n have_v take_v bread_n bless_v it_o and_o have_v give_v thanks_o he_o break_v it_o and_o give_v it_o to_o his_o disciple_n he_o say_v take_v eat_v for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n this_o be_v my_o body_n in_o like_a manner_n have_v give_v the_o cup_n he_o say_v this_o be_v my_o blood_n do_v this_o in_o remembrance_n of_o i_o there_o be_v no_o other_o kind_n of_o thing_n nor_o figure_n choose_v by_o he_o that_o can_v so_o fit_o represent_v his_o incarnation_n see_v then_o the_o image_n of_o his_o quicken_a body_n make_v honourable_o and_o glorious_o here_o be_v eleven_o substantial_a witness_n which_o be_v add_v unto_o the_o five_o other_o which_o we_o pass_v over_o and_o shall_v appear_v in_o due_a time_n make_v up_o the_o number_n of_o sixteen_o without_o touch_v those_o which_o may_v by_o evident_a and_o necessary_a consequence_n be_v draw_v unto_o the_o same_o testimonyâ—_n for_o i_o have_v make_v choice_n only_o of_o those_o which_o seem_v most_o evident_a and_o of_o those_o also_o some_o speak_v in_o more_o express_a term_n than_o other_o the_o reader_n may_v judge_n if_o all_o these_o witness_n which_o speak_v of_o bread_n wine_n fruit_n of_o the_o vine_n of_o figure_n sign_n type_n symbol_n sacrament_n of_o representation_n of_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v not_o give_v a_o figurative_a sense_n unto_o these_o word_n this_o be_v my_o body_n this_o be_v my_o blood_n and_o to_o do_v it_o the_o better_a let_v he_o exact_o see_v if_o any_o of_o these_o ancient_a commentator_n have_v speak_v of_o reality_n of_o bodily_a conversion_n and_o of_o local_a presence_n in_o interpret_n they_o for_o say_v the_o protestant_n they_o can_v not_o pass_v over_o in_o silence_n so_o important_a a_o doctrine_n as_o that_o in_o a_o occasion_n which_o indispensable_o oblige_v they_o to_o say_v something_o of_o it_o without_o render_v themselves_o guilty_a of_o horrid_a hypocrisy_n and_o injustice_n so_o that_o if_o they_o have_v not_o do_v it_o and_o that_o there_o appear_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o what_o have_v be_v produce_v and_o examine_v as_o indeed_o say_v they_o whatever_o scrutiny_n we_o can_v make_v no_o such_o thing_n nor_o like_v it_o do_v appear_v it_o may_v be_v safe_o and_o lawful_o conclude_v that_o all_o these_o father_n have_v take_v these_o word_n not_o in_o a_o proper_a and_o literal_a sense_n but_o in_o a_o figurative_a and_o metaphorical_a sense_n moreover_o all_o these_o reflection_n of_o the_o ancient_n upon_o these_o word_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o sacrament_n amount_v just_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o understand_v they_o command_v by_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n when_o it_o forbid_v to_o interpret_v the_o holy_a scripture_n 4._o sess_n 4._o contrary_a to_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o the_o father_n because_o as_o it_o be_v explain_v by_o melchior_n canus_n 10._o locor_fw-la l_o 7._o c._n 3._o num_fw-la 10._o bishop_n of_o the_o canary_n who_o assist_v at_o the_o council_n the_o sense_n of_o all_o the_o saint_n be_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n chap._n ii_o of_o what_o the_o father_n be_v believe_v concern_v what_o we_o receive_v in_o the_o sacrament_n and_o what_o they_o have_v say_v of_o it_o beside_o the_o many_o reflection_n make_v by_o the_o ancient_a doctor_n upon_o the_o word_n use_v by_o our_o saviour_n in_o the_o institute_v this_o most_o august_n sacrament_n which_o we_o have_v sufficient_o enumerate_v and_o set_v down_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n i_o find_v they_o have_v say_v many_o other_o thing_n which_o may_v direct_v we_o unto_o the_o true_a understanding_n of_o their_o belief_n which_o we_o will_v inquire_v into_o in_o this_o second_o chapter_n in_o the_o first_o place_n they_o have_v call_v the_o eucharist_n bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o very_a act_n of_o communicate_v there_o be_v give_v unto_o each_o of_o these_o present_a 34._o just_a mart._n apol._n 2._o vol._n 1._o iâ—en_a l._n 4._o c_o 34._o say_v justin_n martyr_n the_o bread_n the_o wine_n and_o the_o water_n which_o have_v be_v consecrate_v st._n irenaeus_n bishop_n of_o lion_n give_v it_o the_o same_o name_n call_v it_o the_o bread_n upon_o which_o prayer_n and_o thanks_o have_v be_v make_v and_o i_o make_v no_o question_n fin_n contr._n tryph._n p._n 260._o orig._n contr_n cell_n l._n 8._o id._n ibid._n id._n homil._n 5._o in_o levitic_n cyprian_n ep._n 76._o &_o 63_o apud_fw-la euseb_n hist_o l._n 6_o c._n 43._o prope_fw-la fin_n but_o it_o be_v also_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o our_o christian_a philosopher_n i_o mean_v st._n justin_n speak_v of_o the_o eucharist_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n origen_n against_o celsus_n the_o bread_n which_o be_v call_v the_o eucharist_n the_o symbol_n of_o our_o duty_n towards_o god_n and_o in_o the_o same_o book_n the_o bread_n offer_v with_o thanksgiving_n and_o prayer_n make_v for_o the_o mercy_n bestow_v on_o we_o and_o in_o his_o homily_n upon_o leviticus_n the_o bread_n which_o the_o lord_n give_v unto_o his_o disciple_n st._n cyprian_n be_v of_o the_o same_o judgement_n when_o he_o call_v it_o the_o bread_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o cup_n or_o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o cecilius_n he_o very_o often_o call_v it_o bread_n and_o wine_n mix_v with_o water_n and_o say_v that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o flower_n only_o nor_o water_n only_o but_o a_o composition_n of_o these_o two_o thing_n knead_v and_o mould_v together_o and_o make_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o cornelius_n bishop_n of_o rome_n write_v unto_o fabian_n bishop_n of_o antioch_n of_o what_o pass_v in_o the_o undue_a ordination_n of_o novatian_n unto_o the_o episcopacy_n and_o speak_v of_o the_o sacrament_n in_o the_o act_n of_o distribution_n and_o reception_n he_o call_v it_o that_o bread_n from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o tertullian_n dispute_v against_o the_o marcionite_n 23._o tertul._n contr_n marc._n l._n 1._o c._n 23._o who_o teach_v that_o the_o father_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n be_v not_o the_o creator_n he_o reproach_n they_o that_o they_o be_v baptize_v in_o the_o name_n of_o another_o god_n upon_o another_o earth_n and_o with_o another_o water_n and_o that_o they_o make_v prayer_n and_o give_v thanks_o unto_o another_o god_n upon_o the_o bread_n of_o another_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o understand_v that_o in_o speak_v in_o that_o manner_n to_o martion_n he_o presuppose_v that_o the_o orthodox_n make_v their_o prayer_n unto_o god_n the_o creator_n upon_o this_o bread_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o bread_n of_o the_o eucharist_n and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o philadelphian_o under_o ignatius_n name_n philad_n ep._n ad_fw-la philad_n say_v that_o there_o be_v one_o bread_n break_v unto_o all_o if_o we_o descend_v low_a 13._o conc._n ancyr_n c._n 2._o conc._n neoces_n c._n 13._o we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o council_n of_o ancyrus_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 314_o forbid_v deacon_n that_o have_v sacrifice_v unto_o idol_n to_o present_v the_o bread_n and_o the_o cup._n and_o that_o of_o neocesarea_n of_o the_o same_o year_n say_v that_o the_o country-priest_n can_v offer_v nor_o give_v the_o bread_n in_o prayer_n nor_o the_o cup_n in_o the_o chief_a church_n in_o the_o city_n if_o the_o bishop_n or_o the_o priest_n of_o the_o city_n be_v present_a 3._o euseb_n they_fw-mi l._n 5._o c._n 3._o eusebius_n bishop_n of_o caesarea_n write_v about_o the_o year_n 328._o that_o the_o minister_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n express_v dark_o by_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n the_o mystery_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n it_o be_v also_o the_o opinion_n of_o st._n hilary_n bishop_n of_o poitiers_n 30._o bil._n in_o matth._n c._n 30._o when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o passover_n of_o our_o lord_n be_v make_v the_o lord_n have_v take_v the_o cup_n and_o break_v the_o bread_n 27._o macar_n hom._n 27._o st._n macarius_n follow_v the_o same_o step_n in_o say_v that_o in_o the_o church_n one_o participate_v of_o visible_a bread_n to_o eat_v spiritual_o the_o flesh_n of_o our_o lord_n 25._o council_n laod._n c._n 25._o the_o council_n of_o laodicea_n assemble_v about_o the_o year_n 360_o ordain_v that_o minister_n ought_v not_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o deacon_n or_o rather_o subdeacon_n to_o administer_v the_o bread_n nor_o bless_v the_o cup._n a_o council_n of_o carthage_n make_v this_o decree_n 24._o council_n carth._n c._n 24._o that_o in_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n nothing_o else_o shall_v be_v offer_v but_o what_o the_o lord_n himself_o have_v do_v to_o wit_n bread_n and_o wine_n mingle_v with_o water_n this_o decree_n be_v the_o 37th_o in_o the_o code_n
unto_o who_o with_o thy_o father_n and_o thy_o good_a holy_a and_o quicken_a spirit_n appertain_v the_o glory_n both_o now_o and_o for_o ever_o amen_n as_o for_o what_o regard_v the_o latin_a church_n it_o be_v no_o less_o difficult_a precise_o to_o determine_v the_o time_n when_o perfume_n be_v first_o offer_v in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v infer_v from_o what_o have_v be_v allege_v of_o st._n austin_n that_o this_o practice_n be_v not_o receive_v in_o his_o day_n in_o the_o west_n at_o least_o in_o the_o church_n of_o africa_n i_o say_v not_o in_o the_o church_n of_o africa_n for_o i_o find_v in_o the_o life_n of_o boniface_n the_o first_o contemporary_a with_o st._n austin_n this_o ordinance_n that_o no_o woman_n or_o nun_n 884._o in_o lib._n pontific_n t_o 1._o council_n p._n 884._o shall_v touch_v nor_o wash_v the_o sacred_a corporal_n nor_o cause_n to_o be_v burn_v any_o incense_n in_o the_o church_n save_v the_o deacon_n only_o i_o know_v the_o pontifical_a book_n from_o whence_o this_o life_n be_v take_v be_v a_o book_n upon_o which_o no_o solid_a foundation_n can_v be_v lay_v those_o which_o have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o ecclesiastical_a antiquity_n make_v no_o esteem_n of_o it_o and_o the_o impostor_n that_o forge_v the_o decretal_n of_o the_o first_o pope_n have_v make_v soter_n to_o make_v a_o decrete_a in_o the_o ii_o century_n like_v unto_o that_o of_o boniface_n in_o the_o v._o but_o for_o all_o that_o i_o will_v not_o so_o absolute_o deny_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o ordinance_n of_o boniface_n as_o i_o will_v that_o of_o soter_n for_o although_o the_o pontifical_a book_n be_v not_o always_o to_o be_v believe_v nevertheless_o it_o can_v be_v say_v as_o positive_o as_o of_o the_o decretal_a of_o soter_n that_o it_o be_v forge_v there_o be_v but_o one_o thing_n that_o stick_v with_o i_o and_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o i_o can_v give_v credit_n to_o the_o decrete_a which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o life_n of_o boniface_n it_o be_v that_o in_o all_o the_o book_n of_o sacrament_n of_o gregory_n the_o first_o nor_o in_o those_o of_o ecclesiastical_a office_n of_o st._n isidore_n archbishop_n of_o sevil_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o make_v to_o the_o best_a of_o my_o remembrance_n touch_v the_o oblation_n of_o perfume_n it_o be_v not_o so_o of_o the_o book_n call_v the_o roman_a order_n wherein_o there_o be_v express_a mention_n make_v of_o it_o as_o also_o in_o amalarius_n fortunatus_n who_o live_v in_o the_o ix_o century_n but_o as_o for_o the_o roman_a order_n all_o be_v not_o agree_v of_o its_o age_n most_o think_a it_o be_v write_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o viii_o century_n and_o some_o in_o the_o xi_o after_o all_o in_o admit_v the_o decrete_a of_o pope_n boniface_n the_o first_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o use_n of_o perfume_n and_o incense_n in_o the_o worship_n and_o service_n of_o religion_n be_v not_o receive_v by_o the_o latin_n before_o the_o v._o century_n if_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o it_o be_v then_o itself_o receive_v in_o a_o book_n which_o treat_v of_o divine_a office_n which_o melchior_n historpius_n cause_v to_o be_v print_v together_o with_o the_o roman_a order_n there_o be_v several_a prayer_n for_o consecrate_v and_o bless_v the_o censer_n and_o the_o incense_n of_o each_o it_o will_v suffice_v to_o relate_v one_o i_o say_v in_o the_o first_o place_n for_o the_o censer_n in_o blessing_n whereof_o this_o prayer_n be_v make_v unto_o god_n pat._n tom._n 10._o bibl._n pat._n o_o lord_n god_n who_o at_o the_o time_n that_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n be_v devour_v by_o fire_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o rebellion_n thou_o be_v please_v to_o hear_v the_o prayer_n of_o thy_o high_a priest_n aaron_n stand_v betwixt_o the_o dead_a and_o the_o live_n and_o offer_v thou_o incense_n and_o save_v the_o people_n out_o of_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o fire_n bless_v we_o pray_v thou_o this_o censer_n and_o grant_v that_o as_o often_o as_o we_o therein_o offer_v incense_n unto_o thou_o we_o may_v become_v a_o temple_n of_o a_o sweet_a savour_n acceptable_a unto_o thy_o christ_n and_o for_o the_o perfume_n and_o incense_n ibid._n ibid._n o_o almighty_a lord_n god_n of_o abraham_n of_o isaac_n and_o of_o jacob_n send_v upon_o this_o creature_n of_o perfume_n and_o of_o incense_n the_o strength_n and_o virtue_n of_o thy_o savour_n to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o protection_n and_o defence_n unto_o thy_o servant_n to_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n from_o enter_v into_o their_o heart_n and_o there_o fix_v his_o abode_n and_o residence_n through_o jesus_n christ_n our_o lord_n amen_n and_o in_o the_o pontifical_a 1582._o pontific_n rom._n par_fw-fr 2._o fol._n 136._o 2_o venise_n 1582._o o_o lord_n god_n almighty_a in_o who_o presence_n do_v stand_v with_o tremble_a the_o army_n of_o holy_a angel_n who_o service_n be_v whole_o spiritual_a and_o full_a of_o zeal_n be_v please_v to_o behold_v bless_v and_o sanctify_v this_o incense_n and_o perfume_n to_o the_o end_n that_o all_o the_o failure_n the_o infirmity_n and_o all_o the_o stratagem_n of_o the_o enemy_n smell_v its_o savour_n may_v fly_v away_o and_o depart_v from_o thy_o creature_n which_o thou_o have_v ransom_v with_o the_o precious_a blood_n of_o thy_o son_n never_o to_o be_v wound_v by_o the_o bite_n of_o the_o wicked_a serpent_n through_o jesus_n christ_n our_o lord_n amen_o but_o because_o that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o apostle_n four_o canon_n join_v unto_o incense_n the_o oil_n for_o the_o light_n or_o lamp_n at_o the_o time_n of_o celebrate_v the_o sacrament_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o inquire_v into_o the_o first_o original_a of_o this_o custom_n as_o we_o have_v do_v into_o that_o of_o incense_n to_o this_o purpose_n the_o reader_n need_v not_o expect_v that_o we_o shall_v treat_v of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n make_v use_n of_o lamp_n and_o candle_n in_o their_o assembly_n because_o every_o body_n know_v they_o do_v not_o use_v they_o for_o ceremony_n but_o through_o pure_a necessity_n be_v force_v to_o assemble_v in_o the_o night_n and_o early_o before_o daylight_n for_o fear_v of_o persecution_n from_o thence_o do_v proceed_v the_o unjust_a slander_n wherewith_o they_o be_v charge_v in_o minucius_n foelix_fw-la of_o cause_v the_o light_n to_o be_v extinguish_v the_o more_o greedy_o to_o satisfy_v their_o lust_n and_o sensual_a appetite_n neither_o will_v i_o speak_v of_o the_o wax_n candle_n and_o flambeau_n which_o be_v use_v on_o easter_n eve_n nor_o stand_v to_o show_v when_o their_o use_n begin_v not_o only_o on_o this_o occasion_n but_o also_o in_o feast_n and_o funeral_n as_o well_o as_o unto_o the_o honour_n of_o image_n these_o thing_n may_v probable_o be_v answer_v at_o some_o more_o convenient_a time_n for_o the_o present_a we_o must_v limit_v ourselves_o within_o the_o matter_n which_o concern_v the_o sacrament_n whereof_o we_o write_v the_o history_n and_o by_o consequence_n only_o consider_v the_o use_n of_o the_o light_n of_o lamp_n and_o candle_n in_o that_o which_o relate_v unto_o the_o worship_n and_o service_n of_o god_n tertullian_n account_v it_o as_o a_o great_a superstition_n in_o the_o gentile_n for_o use_v candle_n and_o flambeau_n in_o the_o day_n time_n and_o say_v christian_n do_v not_o so_o 35._o apolog._n c._n 35._o we_o say_v he_o do_v not_o burn_v daylight_n with_o candle_n and_o flambeau_n and_o he_o say_v so_o upon_o account_n of_o what_o be_v act_v by_o the_o pagan_n upon_o holy_a day_n and_o public_a rejoice_n particular_o unto_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o emperor_n but_o elsewhere_o he_o speak_v in_o a_o manner_n which_o give_v plain_o to_o understand_v that_o the_o christian_n of_o his_o time_n do_v not_o at_o all_o admit_v for_o ceremony_n the_o use_n of_o candle_n flambeau_n or_o other_o light_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o their_o religion_n so_o that_o if_o they_o make_v use_v of_o any_o it_o be_v only_o during_o their_o nocturnal_a assembly_n their_o enemy_n not_o suffer_v they_o to_o meet_v together_o in_o the_o day_n time_n let_v they_o say_v he_o every_o day_n light_a flambeau_n he_o speak_v of_o what_o be_v do_v in_o the_o temple_n of_o idol_n which_o be_v absolute_o in_o darkness_n 15._o de_fw-fr idol_n c._n 15._o let_v they_o which_o be_v threaten_v with_o eternal_a fire_n fasten_v laurel_n at_o their_o door_n that_o they_o may_v afterward_o burn_v they_o for_o these_o token_n of_o darkness_n and_o these_o forerunner_n of_o pain_n and_o punishment_n become_v they_o very_o well_o can_v a_o christian_a have_v speak_v after_o this_o manner_n against_o a_o heathen_a superstition_n if_o in_o his_o religion_n he_o have_v practise_v the_o use_n of_o light_n and_o flambeau_n he_o will_v have_v speak_v in_o another_o manner_n and_o