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law_n good_a sin_n transgression_n 4,384 5 10.5404 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A29500 An essay in morality written by G.B. to his friend H.P., Esquire ; in which the nature of virtue and vice is distinctly stated, their respective reasonableness and unreasonableness demonstrated, and several useful conclusions inferred. G. B. (George Bright), d. 1696.; Plumptre, Henry. 1682 (1682) Wing B4672; ESTC R18007 26,324 158

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where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n there_o be_v no_o transgression_n because_o god_n himself_o and_o his_o volition_n of_o what_o be_v right_a and_o just_a be_v eternal_a or_o the_o apostle_n may_v mean_v by_o law_n not_o strict_o a_o act_n of_o some_o will_n concern_v another_o action_n and_o will_n but_o a_o obligation_n to_o will_n or_o do_v any_o thing_n a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d such_o there_o always_o be_v whenever_o any_o will_v exist_v be_v a_o relation_n between_o the_o will_n and_o its_o due_a object_n the_o universal_a good_a beside_o st._n paul_n may_v mean_v comparative_o the_o transgression_n or_o sin_n be_v much_o less_o where_o there_o be_v no_o express_v know_v law_n 23._o nor_o do_v the_o nature_n of_o sin_n or_o virtue_n depend_v upon_o liberum_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la or_o freewill_n for_o whether_o any_o will_n have_v power_n to_o determine_v its_o own_o volition_n to_o the_o great_a or_o any_o lesser_a good_a or_o no_o which_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v yet_o most_o certain_o whenever_o there_o be_v a_o direction_n thereof_o to_o a_o lesser_a good_a there_o be_v a_o defect_n in_o that_o volition_n come_v it_o from_o what_o cause_n it_o will_v though_o it_o shall_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o some_o other_o be_v without_o it_o which_o by_o his_o power_n be_v able_a so_o to_o determine_v it_o or_o suppose_v any_o nature_n shall_v be_v eternal_o and_o necessary_o so_o constitute_v 24._o it_o follow_v likewise_o that_o suppose_v it_o possible_a for_o any_o be_v to_o have_v for_o the_o object_n of_o his_o volition_n the_o rectitude_n the_o perfection_n thereof_o and_o shall_v not_o place_v it_o in_o the_o willing_a the_o great_a good_a but_o in_o willing_a some_o particular_a or_o which_o be_v most_o common_a some_o personal_a good_a as_o self-preservation_n this_o very_a volition_n will_v have_v that_o defect_n in_o it_o we_o call_v sin_n and_o will_v not_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o reward_n i._n e._n any_o thing_n which_o shall_v maintain_v or_o encourage_v such_o a_o action_n if_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o a_o man_n unfeigned_o in_o his_o conscience_n to_o judge_v it_o his_o bind_a duty_n to_o desire_n and_o pursue_v always_o as_o his_o ultimate_a end_n his_o own_o great_a personal_a good_a without_o regard_n to_o god_n or_o other_o and_z according_o shall_v will_n and_o act_n this_o will_v be_v a_o vicious_a man_n and_o whether_o god_n may_v not_o by_o way_n of_o punishment_n for_o pride_n etc._n etc._n permit_v a_o man_n so_o to_o err_v be_v not_o here_o to_o be_v determine_v and_o there_o have_v be_v two_o pernicious_a and_o foolish_a mistake_n if_o not_o wilful_a error_n that_o man_n may_v secure_o indulge_v their_o lust_n of_o some_o late_a new_a modeller_n of_o morality_n to_o which_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o ill-nature_n and_o debauchery_n of_o the_o age_n be_v to_o be_v impute_v the_o one_o the_o advance_n of_o their_o personal_a good_a to_o the_o place_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o last_o end_n of_o all_o their_o action_n the_o other_o the_o pitch_v upon_o no_o better_a than_o the_o preservation_n of_o life_n and_o limb_n or_o to_o enlarge_v their_o own_o sense_n the_o great_a measure_n of_o the_o conveniency_n comfort_n and_o pleasure_n proper_a to_o this_o bodily_a life_n in_o these_o opinion_n they_o have_v quite_o pervert_v the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o make_v vice_n to_o be_v virtue_n or_o because_o according_a to_o the_o same_o man_n doctrine_n every_o one_o be_v necessary_o carry_v to_o his_o own_o great_a good_a or_o happiness_n in_o general_n only_o through_o ignorance_n be_v oft_o out_o of_o the_o way_n they_o have_v make_v no_o vice_n at_o all_o substitute_v in_o its_o room_n folly_n and_o imprudence_n 25._o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o volition_n may_v be_v say_v of_o actual_a and_o habitual_a inclination_n and_o because_o volition_n and_o actual_a inclination_n be_v but_o sometime_o existent_a in_o man_n but_o habitual_a inclination_n constant_a and_o perpetual_a it_o be_v according_a to_o this_o a_o man_n be_v chief_o to_o be_v estimate_v viz._n by_o three_o thing_n 1._o it_o be_v direction_n to_o its_o right_a object_n the_o universal_a good_n 2._o the_o force_n and_o strength_n thereof_o 3._o it_o be_v constancy_n or_o frequency_n in_o the_o soul_n each_o of_o which_o have_v degree_n so_o that_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o set_v down_o certain_a rule_n for_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o goodness_n or_o badness_n of_o any_o man_n for_o example_n sake_n only_o he_o be_v the_o worst_a man_n in_o the_o first_o respect_n who_o be_v habitual_o incline_v to_o and_o in_o love_n with_o the_o mean_a or_o least_o delectable_a good_a in_o the_o second_o respect_n who_o be_v the_o most_o vehement_o incline_v thereto_o in_o the_o three_o respect_n who_o be_v perpetual_o or_o constant_o so_o contrariwise_o he_o be_v the_o best_a who_o have_v the_o great_a good_a absolute_o or_o the_o eternal_a felicity_n for_o by_o felicity_n i_o mean_v the_o great_a degree_n of_o delight_n or_o pleasure_n as_o to_o intention_n of_o the_o universe_n or_o all_o being_n existent_n for_o the_o object_n of_o his_o habitual_a inclination_n or_o who_o be_v habitual_o incline_v thereto_o and_o that_o with_o the_o great_a force_n and_o strength_n of_o his_o nature_n and_o then_o constant_o and_o perpetual_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o see_v what_o a_o indefinite_a number_n of_o degree_n there_o be_v between_o these_o two_o extreme_n in_o all_o the_o three_o respect_n the_o great_a difficulty_n be_v not_o to_o know_v these_o rule_n of_o our_o judgement_n but_o to_o know_v ourselves_o and_o consequent_o to_o apply_v they_o and_o since_o denominatio_fw-la fit_a à_fw-la majore_fw-la he_o only_o be_v to_o be_v call_v a_o good_a man_n who_o have_v a_o strong_a and_o more_o constant_a habitual_a inclination_n to_o the_o universal_a good_a than_o to_o any_o one_o or_o more_o particular_n and_o this_o be_v or_o may_v have_v be_v the_o reason_n why_o martyrdom_n be_v so_o high_o esteem_v and_o magnify_v in_o the_o primitive_a church_n a_o martyr_n by_o his_o suffering_n for_o his_o faith_n even_o though_o he_o be_v not_o actual_o baptise_a be_v think_v to_o expiate_v all_o former_a bad_a life_n and_o to_o be_v undoubted_o save_v or_o to_o obtain_v a_o most_o glorious_a and_o blissful_a condition_n in_o heaven_n because_o such_o his_o suffer_a death_n or_o part_v with_o life_n itself_o deem_v the_o great_a personal_a good_a among_o man_n rather_o than_o to_o deny_v that_o truth_n which_o they_o suppose_v god_n have_v command_v to_o believe_v and_o profess_v and_o consequent_o to_o disobey_v god_n be_v a_o certain_a sign_n and_o argument_n of_o a_o strong_a actual_a and_o habitual_a inclination_n at_o that_o time_n of_o his_o death_n to_o obey_v god_n and_o consequent_o to_o that_o which_o be_v right_a just_a and_o good_a than_o to_o any_o other_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n beside_o nor_o may_v it_o be_v here_o amiss_o to_o hint_n how_o easy_a it_o be_v to_o understand_v it_o possible_a for_o this_o habitual_a inclination_n bent_n and_o propension_n to_o any_o certain_a object_n to_o be_v so_o forcible_a and_o strong_a as_o to_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o a_o act_n of_o free_a will_n or_o choice_n about_o that_o object_n nor_o may_v a_o man_n be_v able_a to_o divert_v suspend_v or_o withhold_v his_o actual_a volition_n consent_n or_o embrace_v from_o it_o when_o it_o be_v propose_v though_o by_o prudent_a contrivance_n these_o habitual_a inclination_n general_o i_o do_v not_o say_v all_o may_v also_o by_o degree_n be_v weaken_v and_o at_o last_o quite_o extinguish_v and_o destroy_v 26._o it_o be_v as_o easy_a hence_o to_o deduce_v all_o particular_a virtue_n and_o vice_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v find_v many_o to_o have_v as_o yet_o no_o name_n for_o one_o way_n and_o the_o most_o common_a be_v by_o distinguish_v particular_a delectable_a good_a or_o pleasure_n whether_o that_o particular_a good_a be_v in_o a_o man_n self_n or_o in_o another_o as_o the_o subject_a whether_o it_o be_v i_o or_o another_o but_o it_o be_v usual_o if_o not_o always_o a_o man_n own_o from_o its_o various_a cause_n or_o object_n and_o it_o seem_v there_o may_v be_v six_o general_a one_o i_o do_v but_o now_o suggest_v not_o determine_v 1_o the_o possession_n of_o any_o good_a in_o general_a so_o esteem_v many_o thing_n thus_o only_o please_v 2_o the_o pain_n mischief_n evil_a suffering_n of_o another_o whether_o any_o be_v be_v of_o such_o a_o temper_n as_o to_o be_v delight_v therewith_o let_v other_o consider_v but_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a now_o to_o will_v one_o delight_n or_o pleasure_n from_o this_o object_n or_o cause_n be_v call_v malice_n to_o be_v habitual_o incline_v thereto_o maliciousness_n but_o the_o renounce_n of_o this_o or_o the_o
good_a action_n in_o the_o scripture_n it_o be_v the_o spirit_n live_v according_a to_o the_o spirit_n and_o be_v lead_v by_o the_o spirit_n and_o delight_v in_o the_o law_n of_o god_n according_a to_o the_o inward_a man_n and_o the_o new_a man_n create_v after_o god_n because_o the_o object_n that_o please_v be_v a_o spiritual_a thing_n and_o because_o it_o be_v according_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n dictate_v by_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n and_o from_o the_o influence_n or_o efficiency_n of_o god_n spirit_n in_o we_o here_o may_v be_v note_v that_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o our_o volition_n and_o inclination_n to_o the_o universal_a good_a and_o in_o order_n to_o that_o of_o our_o passion_n aught_o at_o least_o to_o exceed_v that_o which_o be_v to_o any_o other_o particular_a good_a or_o else_o it_o will_v be_v ineffectual_a whence_o it_o may_v be_v further_o useful_o observe_v that_o they_o be_v not_o always_o to_o be_v deem_v or_o term_v good_a man_n who_o in_o pulpit_n church_n or_o private_a conversation_n not_o only_o appear_v but_o real_o be_v very_o zealous_a and_o affectionate_a in_o religion_n because_o they_o general_o be_v of_o passionate_a temper_n in_o other_o matter_n and_o may_v perhaps_o have_v great_a affection_n and_o consequent_o inclination_n to_o other_o object_n a_o man_n of_o a_o more_o calm_a and_o sedate_v temper_n in_o religion_n provide_v that_o the_o great_a degree_n of_o affection_n he_o have_v be_v direct_v to_o his_o duty_n may_v be_v a_o good_a man_n when_o one_o of_o a_o more_o boisterous_a and_o passionate_a one_o whatever_o he_o be_v vulgar_o take_v for_o may_v be_v indeed_o a_o bad_a man_n the_o one_o shall_v more_o steady_o and_o constant_o do_v his_o duty_n than_o the_o other_o in_o like_a manner_n when_o a_o man_n sin_n deliberate_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o great_a bent_n strength_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o inclination_n of_o the_o will_n to_o its_o undue_a object_n and_o of_o a_o less_o to_o virtue_n when_o he_o sin_n by_o surprise_n or_o on_o a_o sudden_a it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o a_o sign_n thereof_o but_o these_o and_o many_o other_o thing_n usual_o treat_v of_o in_o morality_n may_v with_o a_o little_a consideration_n be_v easy_o and_o distinct_o determine_v from_o the_o forego_n conclusion_n and_o a_o wary_a observation_n and_o experience_n of_o the_o operation_n of_o our_o mind_n 20._o the_o second_o perfection_n of_o our_o volition_n and_o inclination_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o action_n be_v constancy_n continuance_n or_o duration_n so_o that_o in_o this_o respect_n the_o high_a degree_n be_v to_o have_v the_o volition_n and_o inclination_n perpetual_o and_o eternal_o direct_v to_o the_o absolute_o great_a good_a the_o low_a to_o have_v they_o so_o direct_v but_o for_o one_o moment_n or_o the_o least_o of_o time_n this_o perfection_n of_o the_o action_n of_o volition_n belong_v only_o to_o god_n who_o always_o actual_o so_o will_v for_o he_o be_v always_o the_o same_o without_o any_o change_n but_o of_o habitual_a inclination_n may_v be_v in_o we_o and_o other_o rational_a creature_n so_o that_o there_o be_v only_o these_o three_o general_a perfection_n of_o virtue_n the_o first_o the_o direction_n of_o volition_n and_o inclination_n to_o their_o right_a object_n the_o second_o that_o they_o be_v with_o the_o great_a force_n or_o strength_n any_o nature_n be_v capable_a of_o the_o three_o that_o they_o be_v the_o most_o perpetual_a and_o constant_a or_o continue_v and_o last_a or_o in_o three_o word_n sincerity_n generosity_n constancy_n 21._o and_o yet_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v another_o perfection_n of_o volition_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o action_n and_o that_o be_v the_o just_a moderation_n of_o it_o to_o the_o various_a part_n of_o this_o universal_a good_a i._n e._n when_o we_o will_v any_o part_n thereof_o know_o to_o will_v it_o more_o or_o less_o in_o due_a proportion_n to_o the_o share_n of_o goodness_n that_o be_v in_o it_o compare_v with_o another_o part_n and_o the_o defect_n contrariwise_o will_v be_v to_o will_v a_o less_o good_a more_o than_o a_o great_a and_o the_o great_a defect_n be_v when_o we_o will_v the_o least_o part_n more_o than_o all_o the_o rest_n for_o example_n a_o moment_n of_o the_o least_o pleasure_n to_o ourselves_o before_o the_o eternal_a felicity_n of_o god_n and_o all_o the_o world_n beside_o and_o this_o may_v be_v not_o only_a when_o any_o two_o part_n be_v inconsistent_a one_o with_o another_o as_o when_o i_o will_v to_o gratify_v myself_o in_o that_o which_o displease_v god_n and_o be_v mischievous_a or_o hurtful_a to_o my_o neighbour_n but_o also_o when_o they_o be_v consistent_a nay_o conjoin_v together_o and_o they_o be_v altogether_o the_o object_n of_o my_o will._n thus_o if_o a_o man_n build_v a_o hospital_n or_o give_v any_o alm_n to_o the_o poor_a he_o know_v this_o action_n will_v please_v god_n benefit_n other_o procure_v himself_o reputation_n and_o he_o do_v it_o for_o all_o these_o reason_n he_o will_v all_o this_o good_a together_o as_o one_o but_o here_o that_o of_o these_o which_o he_o may_v most_o will_n that_o which_o he_o chief_o intend_v be_v his_o reputation_n and_o his_o own_o pleasure_n therefrom_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v possible_o without_o compare_v the_o least_o regard_v though_o somewhat_o but_o in_o truth_n this_o be_v but_o a_o sign_n of_o that_o perfection_n and_o defect_n of_o volition_n which_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o object_n or_o of_o the_o action_n for_o if_o a_o man_n will_v only_o his_o own_o good_a or_o only_o to_o please_v god_n exclusive_o one_o to_o the_o other_o the_o defect_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o not_o have_v the_o universal_a good_a but_o some_o particular_a good_a for_o the_o object_n of_o his_o volition_n because_o both_o and_o more_o shall_v be_v take_v together_o but_o if_o a_o man_n will_v one_o good_a compose_v of_o more_o part_n and_o will_n that_o part_v most_o which_o in_o truth_n be_v the_o least_o good_a either_o he_o do_v it_o know_o or_o ignorant_o if_o know_o which_o be_v most_o frequent_a whatever_o pretence_n man_n may_v make_v than_o the_o defect_n be_v in_o not_o will_v the_o great_a good_a and_o consequent_o it_o be_v a_o defect_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o object_n beforementioned_a for_o he_o can_v but_o know_v that_o it_o tend_v to_o a_o lesser_a good_a to_o will_v a_o lesser_a more_a than_o a_o great_a if_o ignorant_o and_o erroneous_o judge_v that_o the_o great_a good_a which_o be_v indeed_o the_o lesser_a the_o ignorance_n be_v either_o through_o some_o present_a defect_n in_o the_o actual_a volition_n or_o habitual_a inclination_n to_o the_o universal_a good_a one_o duty_n right_o honest_a or_o it_o be_v not_o if_o it_o be_v it_o be_v plain_a where_o and_o what_o the_o defect_n be_v viz._n in_o the_o action_n or_o inclination_n beforementioned_a if_o it_o be_v not_o then_o there_o be_v no_o defect_n in_o the_o present_a volition_n at_o all_o whatever_o may_v have_v be_v in_o former_a action_n of_o the_o will_n by_o which_o such_o ignorance_n may_v be_v contract_v but_o only_o in_o the_o understanding_n the_o volition_n may_v have_v for_o all_o that_o its_o due_a object_n viz._n the_o great_a good_a 22._o from_o these_o proposition_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o defect_n of_o volition_n or_o of_o sin_n depend_v not_o upon_o any_o law_n or_o upon_o any_o being_n will_n whatsoever_o though_o its_o existence_n do_v because_o it_o be_v only_o a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o relation_n it_o can_v exist_v actual_o unless_o the_o subject_n thereof_o do_v namely_o some_o will_n or_o other_o but_o though_o we_o suppose_v no_o other_o be_v in_o the_o world_n beside_o one_o and_o no_o antecedent_n will_n yet_o these_o which_o have_v be_v beforementioned_a will_v be_v perfection_n and_o defect_n whensoever_o it_o exist_v it_o be_v true_a that_o law_n may_v be_v the_o sign_n of_o what_o be_v just_a and_o unjust_a right_a and_o wrong_n but_o not_o the_o efficient_a cause_n any_o otherwise_o than_o a_o subject_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o its_o property_n as_o be_v but_o now_o say_v these_o law_n also_o be_v sometime_o necessary_a &_o inseparable_a sign_n sometime_o in_o several_a degree_n contingent_a and_o probable_a only_o according_a to_o the_o knowledge_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n those_o which_o be_v certain_o law_n of_o god_n who_o be_v infallible_o wise_a and_o immutable_o just_a be_v most_o inseparable_a and_o certain_a sign_n of_o what_o be_v just_a and_o right_o but_o those_o which_o be_v any_o other_o creature_n be_v more_o or_o less_o probable_a one_o law_n do_v not_o make_v but_o suppose_v the_o thing_n just_a which_o they_o command_v it_o be_v true_a also_o what_o the_o apostle_n st._n paul_n say_v that_o