Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	pay_v	rent_n	tenant_n	2,576	5	9.7256	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54625	A treatise of taxes and contributions shewing the nature and measures of [brace] crown-lands, assessments, customs, poll-moneys, lotteries, benevolence, penalties, monopolies, offices, tythes, raising of coins, harth-money, excize, &c. : with several intersperst discourses and digressions concerning [brace] warres, the church, universities, rents and purchases, usury and exchange, banks and lombards, registries for conveyances, beggars, ensurance, exportation of money/wool, free-ports, coins, housing, liberty of conscience, &c. : the same being frequently applied to the present state and affairs of Ireland.	Petty, William, Sir, 1623-1687.	1662 (1662)	Wing P1938; ESTC R33399	59,466	94

11._o 7._o obscurity_n and_o doubt_n about_o the_o right_n of_o impose_v have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a and_o ugly_a reluctancy_n in_o the_o people_n and_o of_o involuntary_a severity_n in_o the_o prince_n a_o eminent_a example_n whereof_o be_v the_o ship-money_n no_o small_a cause_n of_o twenty_o year_n calamity_n to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n 12._o 8._o fewness_n of_o people_n be_v real_a poverty_n and_o a_o nation_n wherein_o be_v eight_o million_o of_o people_n be_v more_o than_o twice_o as_o rich_a as_o the_o same_o scope_n of_o land_n wherein_o be_v but_o four_o for_o the_o same_o governor_n which_o be_v the_o great_a charge_n may_v serve_v near_o as_o well_o for_o the_o great_a as_o the_o lesser_a number_n 13._o second_o if_o the_o people_n be_v so_o few_o as_o that_o they_o can_v live_v exsponte_fw-la creatis_fw-la or_o with_o little_a labour_n such_o as_o be_v graze_v etc._n etc._n they_o become_v whole_o without_o art_n no_o man_n that_o will_v not_o exercise_v his_o hand_n be_v able_a to_o endure_v the_o torture_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o much_o thoughtfulness_n do_v occasion_n 14._o 9_o scarcity_n of_o money_n be_v another_o cause_n of_o the_o bad_a payment_n of_o tax_n for_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o of_o all_o the_o wealth_n of_o this_o nation_n viz._n land_n house_n ship_n commodity_n furniture_n plate_n and_o money_n that_o scarce_o one_o part_n of_o a_o hundred_o be_v coin_n and_o that_o perhaps_o there_o be_v scarce_o six_o million_o of_o pound_n now_o in_o england_n that_o be_v but_o twenty_o shilling_n a_o head_n for_o every_o head_n in_o the_o nation_n we_o may_v easy_o judge_v how_o difficult_a it_o be_v for_o man_n of_o competent_a estate_n to_o pay_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n on_o a_o sudden_a which_o if_o they_o can_v compass_v severity_n and_o charge_n ensue_v and_o that_o with_o reason_n though_o unlucky_a enough_o it_o be_v more_o tolerable_a to_o undo_v one_o particular_a member_n then_o to_o endanger_v the_o whole_a notwithstanding_o indeed_o it_o be_v more_o tolerable_a for_o one_o particular_a member_n to_o be_v undo_v with_o the_o whole_a then_o alone_o 15._o 10._o it_o seem_v somewhat_o hard_a that_o all_o tax_n shall_v be_v pay_v in_o money_n that_o be_v when_o the_o king_n have_v occasion_n to_o victual_v his_o ship_n at_o portsmouth_n that_o fat_a ox_n and_o corn_n shall_v not_o be_v receive_v in_o kind_n but_o that_o farmer_n must_v first_o carry_v their_o corn_n perhaps_o ten_o mile_n to_o sell_v and_o turn_v into_o money_n which_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n be_v again_o reconvert_v into_o corn_n fetch_v many_o mile_n further_o 16._o moreover_o the_o farmer_n for_o haste_n be_v force_v to_o under-sell_a his_o corn_n and_o the_o king_n for_o haste_n likewise_o be_v force_v to_o over-buy_a his_o provision_n whereas_o the_o pay_n in_o kind_n pro_fw-la hic_fw-la &_o nunc_fw-la will_v lessen_v a_o considerable_a grievance_n to_o the_o poor_a people_n 17._o the_o next_o consideration_n shall_v be_v of_o the_o consequence_n and_o effect_n of_o too_o great_a a_o tax_n not_o in_o respect_n of_o particular_a man_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o but_o to_o the_o whole_a people_n in_o general_a to_o which_o i_o say_v that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a measure_n and_o proportion_n of_o money_n requisite_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o a_o nation_n more_o or_o less_o than_o which_o will_v prejudice_v the_o same_o just_o as_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a proportion_n of_o farthing_n necessary_a in_o a_o small_a retail_n trade_n to_o change_v silver_n money_n and_o to_o even_o such_o reckon_n as_o can_v be_v adjust_v with_o the_o small_a silver_n piece_n for_o money_n make_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o the_o matter_n of_o our_o food_n and_o cover_v but_o as_o farthing_n and_o other_o local_a extrinsic_a money_n be_v to_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n species_n 18._o now_o as_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o number_n of_o farthing_n requisite_a in_o commerce_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o number_n of_o people_n the_o frequency_n of_o their_o exchange_n as_o also_o and_o principal_o from_o the_o value_n of_o the_o small_a silver_n piece_n of_o money_n so_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o proportion_n of_o money_n requisite_a to_o our_o trade_n be_v to_o be_v likewise_o take_v from_o the_o frequency_n of_o commutation_n and_o from_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o payment_n that_o be_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n usual_o make_v otherwise_o from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o where_o there_o be_v register_n of_o land_n whereby_o the_o just_a value_n of_o each_o man_n interest_n in_o they_o may_v be_v well_o know_v and_o where_o there_o be_v depository_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o of_o metal_n cloth_n linen_n leather_n and_o other_o useful_n and_o where_o there_o be_v bank_n of_o money_n also_o there_o less_o money_n be_v necessary_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n for_o if_o all_o the_o great_a payment_n be_v make_v in_o land_n and_o the_o other_o perhaps_o down_o to_o ten_o pound_n or_o twenty_o pound_n be_v make_v by_o credit_n in_o lombar_n or_o money-bank_n it_o follow_v that_o there_o needs_o only_a money_n to_o pay_v sum_n less_o than_o those_o aforemention_v just_a as_o few_o farthing_n be_v requisite_a for_o change_n where_o there_o be_v plenty_n of_o silver_n two_o pence_n then_o where_o the_o least_o silver_n piece_n be_v six_o penny_n 19_o to_o apply_v all_o this_o i_o say_v that_o if_o there_o be_v too_o much_o money_n in_o a_o nation_n it_o be_v good_a for_o the_o commonalty_n as_o well_o as_o the_o king_n and_o no_o harm_n even_o to_o particular_a man_n if_o the_o king_n have_v in_o his_o coffer_n all_o that_o be_v superflous_a no_o more_o than_o if_o man_n be_v permit_v to_o pay_v their_o tax_n in_o any_o thing_n they_o can_v best_o spare_v 20._o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o largeness_n of_o a_o public_a exhibition_n shall_v leave_v less_o money_n than_o be_v necessary_a to_o drive_v the_o nation_n trade_n than_o the_o mischief_n thereof_o will_v be_v the_o do_v of_o less_o work_n which_o be_v the_o same_o as_o lessen_v the_o people_n or_o their_o art_n and_o industry_n for_o a_o hundred_o pound_n pass_v a_o hundred_o hand_n for_o wage_n cause_n a_o 10000l_o worth_a of_o commodity_n to_o be_v produce_v which_o hand_n will_v have_v be_v idle_a and_o useless_a have_v there_o not_o be_v this_o continual_a motive_n to_o their_o employment_n 21._o tax_n if_o they_o be_v present_o expend_v upon_o our_o own_o domestic_a commodity_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o do_v little_a harm_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n only_o they_o work_v a_o change_n in_o the_o riches_n and_o fortune_n of_o particular_a man_n and_o particular_o by_o transfer_v the_o same_o from_o the_o land_a and_o lazy_a to_o the_o crafty_a and_o industrious_a as_o for_o example_n if_o a_o gentleman_n have_v let_v his_o land_n to_o farm_n for_o a_o hundred_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o several_a year_n or_o life_n and_o he_o be_v tax_v twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o maintain_v a_o navy_n then_o the_o effect_n hereof_o will_v be_v that_o this_o gentleman_fw-mi twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la will_v be_v distribute_v among_o seaman_n ship-carpenter_n and_o other_o trade_n relate_v to_o naval_a matter_n but_o if_o the_o gentleman_n have_v his_o land_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n then_o be_v tax_v a_o five_o part_n he_o will_v raise_v his_o rent_n near_o the_o same_o proportion_n upon_o his_o under_a tenant_n or_o will_v sell_v his_o cattle_n corn_n and_o wool_n a_o five_o part_n dear_a the_o like_a also_o will_v all_o other_o subdependents_n on_o he_o do_v and_o thereby_o recover_v in_o some_o measure_n what_o he_o pay_v last_o but_o if_o all_o the_o money_n levy_v be_v throw_v into_o the_o sea_n than_o the_o ultimate_a effect_n will_v only_o be_v that_o every_o man_n must_v work_v a_o five_o part_n the_o hard_a or_o retrench_v a_o five_o part_n of_o his_o consumption_n viz._n the_o former_a if_o foreign_a trade_n be_v improveable_a and_o the_o latter_a if_o it_o be_v not_o 22._o this_o i_o conceive_v be_v the_o worst_a of_o tax_n in_o a_o well_o policy_v state_n but_o in_o other_o state_n where_o be_v not_o a_o certain_a prevention_n of_o beggary_n and_o thievery_n that_o be_v a_o sure_a livelihood_n for_o man_n want_v employment_n there_o i_o confess_v a_o excessive_a tax_n cause_v excessive_a and_o insuperable_a want_n even_o of_o natural_a necessity_n and_o that_o on_o a_o sudden_a so_o as_o ignorant_a particular_a person_n can_v find_v out_o what_o way_n to_o subsist_v by_o and_o this_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n must_v cause_v sudden_a effect_n to_o relieve_v itself_o that_o be_v rapine_n fraud_n and_o this_o again_o must_v

land_n with_o such_o another_o measure_n of_o labour_n forasmuch_o as_o both_o ship_n and_o garment_n be_v the_o creature_n of_o land_n and_o man_n labour_n thereupon_o this_o be_v true_a we_o shall_v be_v glad_a to_o find_v out_o a_o natural_a par_fw-fr between_o land_n and_o labour_n so_o as_o we_o may_v express_v the_o value_n by_o either_o of_o they_o alone_o as_o well_o or_o better_a then_o by_o both_o and_o reduce_v one_o into_o the_o other_o as_o easy_o and_o certain_o as_o we_o reduce_v penny_n into_o pound_n wherefore_o we_o will_v be_v glad_a to_o find_v the_o natural_a value_n of_o the_o fee_n simple_a of_o land_n though_o but_o no_o better_a than_o we_o have_v do_v that_o of_o the_o usus_fw-la fructus_fw-la abovemention_v which_o we_o attempt_v as_o follow_v 19_o have_v find_v the_o rent_n or_o value_n of_o the_o usus_fw-la fructus_fw-la per_fw-la annum_fw-la the_o question_n be_v how_o many_o year_n purchase_v as_o we_o usual_o say_v be_v the_o fee_n simple_a natural_o worth_a if_o we_o say_v a_o infinite_a number_n than_o a_o acre_n of_o land_n will_v be_v equal_a in_o value_n to_o a_o thousand_o acre_n of_o the_o same_o land_n which_o be_v absurd_a a_o infinity_n of_o unite_v be_v equal_a to_o a_o infinity_n of_o thousand_o wherefore_o we_o must_v pitch_v upon_o some_o limit_a number_n and_o that_o i_o apprehend_v to_o be_v the_o number_n of_o year_n which_o i_o conceive_v one_o man_n of_o fifty_o year_n old_a another_o of_o twenty_o eight_o and_o another_o of_o seven_o year_n old_a all_o be_v alive_a together_o may_v be_v think_v to_o live_v that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o a_o grandfather_n father_n and_o child_n few_o man_n have_v reason_n to_o take_v care_n of_o more_o remote_a posterity_n for_o if_o a_o man_n be_v a_o great_a grandfather_n he_o himself_o be_v so_o much_o the_o near_o his_o end_n so_o as_o there_o be_v but_o three_o in_o a_o continual_a line_n of_o descent_n usual_o co-existing_a together_o and_o as_o some_o be_v grandfather_n at_o forty_o year_n yet_o as_o many_o be_v not_o till_o above_o sixty_o and_o sic_fw-la de_fw-la caeteris_fw-la 20._o wherefore_o i_o pitch_v the_o number_n of_o year_n purchase_v that_o any_o land_n be_v natural_o worth_a to_o be_v the_o ordinary_a extent_n of_o three_o such_o person_n their_o life_n now_o in_o england_n we_o esteem_v three_o life_n equal_a to_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n and_o consequent_o the_o value_n of_o land_n to_o be_v about_o the_o same_o number_n of_o year_n purchase_v possible_o if_o they_o think_v themselves_o mistake_v in_o the_o one_o as_o the_o observator_fw-la on_o the_o bill_n of_o mortality_n think_v they_o be_v they_o will_v alter_v in_o the_o other_o unless_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o force_n of_o popular_a error_n and_o dependence_n of_o thing_n already_o concatenate_v do_v hinder_v they_o 21._o this_o i_o esteem_v to_o be_v the_o number_n of_o year_n purchase_v where_o title_n be_v good_a and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o moral_a certainty_n of_o enjoy_v the_o purchase_n but_o in_o other_o country_n land_n be_v worth_a near_o thirty_o year_n purchase_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o better_a title_n more_o people_n and_o perhaps_o true_a opinion_n of_o the_o value_n and_o duration_n of_o three_o life_n 22._o and_o in_o some_o place_n land_n be_v worth_a yet_o more_o year_n purchase_v by_o reason_n of_o some_o special_a honour_n pleasure_n privilege_n or_o jurisdiction_n annex_v unto_o they_o 23._o on_o the_o other_o hand_n land_n be_v worth_a few_o year_n purchase_v as_o in_o ireland_n for_o the_o follow_a reason_n which_o i_o have_v here_o set_v down_o as_o unto_o the_o like_a whereof_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o like_a cheapness_n in_o any_o other_o place_n may_v be_v impute_v first_o in_o ireland_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o frequent_a rebellion_n in_o which_o if_o you_o be_v conquer_v all_o be_v lose_v or_o if_o you_o conquer_v yet_o you_o be_v subject_a to_o swarm_n of_o thief_n and_o robber_n and_o the_o envy_n which_o precedent_a mission_n of_o english_a have_v against_o the_o subsequent_a perpetuity_n itself_o be_v but_o forty_o year_n long_o as_o within_o which_o time_n some_o ugly_a disturbance_n have_v hitherto_o happen_v almost_o ever_o since_o the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o english_a thither_o 24._o 2._o the_o claim_n upon_o claim_n which_o each_o have_v to_o the_o other_o estate_n and_o the_o facility_n of_o make_v good_a any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o some_o one_o or_o other_o of_o the_o many_o governor_n and_o minister_n which_o within_o forty_o year_n shall_v be_v in_o power_n there_o as_o also_o by_o the_o frequency_n of_o false_a testimony_n and_o abuse_v of_o solemn_a oath_n 25._o 3._o the_o paucity_n of_o inhabitant_n there_o be_v not_o above_o the_o â…•_n the_o part_v so_o many_o as_o the_o territory_n will_v maintain_v and_o of_o those_o but_o a_o small_a part_n do_v work_n at_o all_o and_o yet_o a_o small_a work_n so_o much_o as_o in_o other_o country_n 26._o 4._o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o estate_n both_o real_a and_o personal_a in_o ireland_n be_v own_v by_o absentees_n and_o such_o as_o draw_v over_o the_o profit_v raise_v out_o of_o ireland_n refund_v nothing_o so_o as_o ireland_n export_v more_o than_o it_o import_v do_v yet_o grow_v poor_a to_o a_o paradox_n 27._o 5._o the_o difficulty_n of_o execute_v justice_n so_o many_o of_o those_o in_o power_n be_v themselves_o protect_v by_o office_n and_o protect_a other_o moreover_o the_o number_n of_o criminous_a and_o indebt_v person_n be_v great_a they_o favour_v their_o like_a in_o juries_n office_n and_o wheresoever_o they_o can_v beside_o the_o country_n be_v seldom_o enough_o to_o give_v due_a encouragement_n to_o profound_a judge_n and_o lawyer_n which_o make_v judgement_n very_o casual_a ignorant_a man_n be_v more_o apt_a to_o be_v bold_a and_o arbitrary_a than_o such_o as_o understand_v the_o danger_n of_o it_o but_o all_o this_o with_o a_o little_a care_n in_o due_a season_n may_v remedy_v so_o as_o to_o bring_v ireland_n in_o a_o few_o year_n to_o the_o same_o level_n of_o value_n with_o other_o place_n but_o of_o this_o also_o elsewhere_o more_o at_o large_a for_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o shall_v come_v to_o usury_n chap._n v._o of_o usury_n what_o reason_n there_o be_v for_o take_v or_o give_v interest_n or_o usury_n for_o any_o thing_n which_o we_o may_v certain_o have_v again_o whensoever_o we_o call_v for_o it_o i_o see_v not_o nor_o why_o usury_n shall_v be_v scruple_v where_o money_n or_o other_o necessary_n value_v by_o it_o be_v lend_v to_o be_v pay_v at_o such_o a_o time_n and_o place_n as_o the_o borrower_n choose_v so_o as_o the_o lender_n can_v have_v his_o money_n pay_v he_o back_o where_o and_o when_o himself_o please_v i_o also_o see_v not_o wherefore_o when_o a_o man_n give_v out_o his_o money_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o may_v not_o demand_v it_o back_o until_o a_o certain_a time_n to_o come_v whatsoever_o his_o own_o necessity_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o certain_o may_v take_v a_o compensation_n for_o this_o inconvenience_n which_o he_o admit_v against_o himself_o and_o this_o allowance_n be_v that_o we_o common_o call_v usury_n 2._o and_o when_o one_o man_n furnish_v another_o with_o money_n at_o some_o distant_a place_n and_o engage_v under_o great_a penalty_n to_o pay_v he_o there_o and_o at_o a_o certain_a day_n beside_o the_o consideration_n for_o this_o be_v that_o we_o call_v exchange_n or_o local_a usury_n as_o for_o example_n if_o a_o man_n want_v money_n at_o carlisle_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n when_o the_o way_n be_v full_a of_o soldier_n and_o robber_n and_o the_o passage_n by_o sea_n very_o long_o troublesome_a and_o dangerous_a and_o seldom_o pass_v why_o may_v not_o another_o take_v much_o more_o than_o a_o 100l_n at_o london_n for_o warrant_v the_o like_a sum_n to_o be_v pay_v at_o carlisle_n on_o a_o certain_a day_n 3._o now_o the_o question_n arise_v hence_o be_v what_o be_v the_o natural_a standard_n of_o usury_n and_o exchange_n as_o for_o usury_n the_o least_o that_o can_v be_v be_v the_o rent_n of_o so_o much_o land_n as_o the_o money_n lend_v will_v buy_v where_o the_o security_n be_v undoubted_a but_o where_o the_o security_n be_v casual_a than_o a_o kind_n of_o insurance_n must_v be_v enterwoven_v with_o the_o simple_a natural_a interest_n which_o may_v advance_v the_o usury_n very_o conscionable_o unto_o any_o height_n below_o the_o principal_n itself_o now_o if_o thing_n be_v so_o in_o england_n that_o real_o there_o be_v no_o such_o security_n as_o abovemention_v but_o that_o all_o be_v more_o or_o less_o hazardous_a troublesome_a or_o chargeable_a to_o make_v i_o see_v no_o reason_n for_o endeavour_v to_o limit_v usury_n upon_o time_n any_o more_o

of_o a_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o pay_v for_o a_o hundred_o chimney_n few_o of_o their_o mansion-house_n have_v more_o then_o for_o labourer_n to_o pay_v for_o two_o moreover_o if_o the_o landlord_n only_o pay_v this_o tax_n then_o be_v it_o not_o a_o accumulative_a excize_n for_o all_o but_o a_o particular_a excize_n upon_o but_o one_o only_a commodity_n namely_o house_n 12._o now_o the_o reason_n for_o excize_n be_v these_o viz._n first_o the_o natural_a justice_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v pay_v according_a to_o what_o he_o actual_o enjoy_v upon_o which_o account_n this_o tax_n be_v scarce_o force_v upon_o any_o and_o be_v very_a light_n to_o those_o who_o please_v to_o be_v content_a with_o natural_a necessary_n seondly_n this_o tax_n if_o it_o be_v not_o farm_a but_o regular_o collect_v engage_v to_o thrift_n the_o only_a way_n to_o enrich_v a_o nation_n as_o by_o the_o dutch_a and_o jew_n and_o by_o all_o other_o man_n who_o have_v come_v to_o vast_a estate_n by_o trade_n do_v appear_v three_o no_o man_n pay_v double_a or_o twice_o for_o the_o same_o thing_n forasmuch_o as_o nothing_o can_v be_v spend_v but_o once_o whereas_o it_o be_v frequent_o see_v that_o otherwise_o man_n pay_v both_o by_o the_o rent_n of_o their_o land_n by_o their_o smoke_n by_o their_o title_n and_o by_o custom_n which_o all_o man_n do_v though_o merchant_n chief_o talk_v of_o it_o they_o also_o pay_v by_o benevolence_n and_o by_o tithe_n whereas_o in_o this_o way_n of_o excize_n no_o man_n need_v pay_v but_o one_o way_n nor_o but_o once_o properly_z speaking_z five_o by_o this_o way_n a_o excellent_a account_n may_v be_v take_v of_o the_o wealth_n growth_n trade_n and_o strength_n of_o the_o nation_n at_o all_o time_n all_o which_o reason_n do_v make_v not_o for_o particular_a compounding_n with_o 〈◊〉_d nor_o for_o let_v the_o whole_a to_o farm_n but_o for_o collect_v it_o by_o special_a officer_n who_o have_v a_o full_a employment_n will_v not_o be_v a_o four_o of_o the_o charge_n of_o our_o present_n many_o multiform_a levy_n for_o to_o put_v extraordinary_a trouble_n and_o hazard_v upon_o the_o country_n officer_n be_v a_o sore_a tax_v of_o they_o then_o to_o make_v they_o pay_v a_o small_a reward_n unto_o practise_a person_n to_o be_v their_o substitute_n all_o which_o be_v the_o common_a objection_n against_o excize_n 13._o i_o shall_v here_o add_v the_o manner_n of_o collect_v it_o but_o i_o refer_v this_o to_o the_o practice_n of_o holland_n and_o i_o may_v also_o offer_v how_o man_n may_v be_v frame_v to_o be_v fit_a for_o this_o and_o other_o public_a trust_n as_o to_o be_v cashier_v store-keeper_n collector_n etc._n etc._n but_o i_o refer_v this_o enquiry_n unto_o a_o more_o ample_a and_o fit_a occasion_n errata_fw-la pag._n line_n 1_o 14_o between_o who_o and_o spend_v interline_v have_v 5_o 13_o after_z want_v read_v general_a instead_o of_o more_a 6_o 19_o before_o starve_v interline_v needless_o 6_o 29_o before_o cause_n read_v one_o instead_o of_o the_o 6_o 30_o read_v be_v instead_o of_o be_v 8_o 7_o read_z they_o for_o he_o 8_o 8_o read_z there_o for_o his_n 17_o 19_o read_v viz._n for_o that_o be_v 18_o 3_o read_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d instead_o of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 20_o 17_o read_v excisum_n not_o excisium_n 21_o 7_o read_v obligee_n not_o oblige_v 22_o 12_o read_v enhanse_a not_o exhaust_v 22_o 23_o between_o way_n and_o land-tax_n interline_v of_o a_o 22_o 25_o deleatur_fw-la sometime_o 24_o 25_o between_o rent_n and_o we_o interline_v in_o order_n to_o tax_n 28_o 24_o between_o seldom_o and_o enough_o interline_v rich_a 28_o 28_o deleatur_fw-la with_o 30_o 11_o after_o hazard_v interline_v and_o 14_o read_v omit_v 27_o read_v apparatus_n instead_o of_o appurtenance_n 32_o 10_o after_o the_o interline_v former_a 11_o after_z land_n read_v this_o latter_a instead_o of_o the_o 33_o 26_o deleatur_fw-la by_o 31_o between_o etc._n etc._n and_o then_o interline_v can_v be_v fertilize_v 34_o 36_o read_v worth_n not_o work_n 36_o 16_o after_o market_n interline_v abroad_o 37_o 12_o read_v paribus_fw-la not_o talibus_fw-la 39_o 6_o read_v conniving_n not_o coin_v pag._n line_n 39_o 32_o deleatur_fw-la as_o much_o harm_n ibid._n between_o of_n and_o one_o interline_v the_o penult_n after_o coffee_n inter_v and_o 40_o 2_o read_v mere_o for_o merry_o ult_n before_o certain_o interline_v case_v 41_o 13_o deal_n out_o 24_o read_v so_o or_o not_o instead_o of_o use_v 47_o 26_o read_v on_o for_o of_o 51_o 3_o read_v there_o for_o the_o 15_o after_o heterodox_n interline_v believer_n 29_o read_v wear_v for_o weave_v 53_o 14_o read_v defect_n for_o dissent_n 54_o 36_o between_o then_o and_o be_v interline_v it_o 56._o ult_n after_o yet_o the_o interline_v say_fw-la 57_o 3_o read_v office_n for_o officer_n 60_o 2_o read_v share_v for_o shred_v 61_o 15_o read_v consequence_n for_o calamity_n 32_o read_v a_o for_o no_o 62_o 1_o after_o plentiful_a interline_v year_n 65_o 21_o read_v medal_n instead_o of_o a_o medal_n 66_o 10_o between_o consist_v and_o great_a interline_v of_o 67_o 29_o read_v d'escu_n instead_o of_o d'esen_v 68_o 36_o read_v abate_v for_o abase_v 69_o 11_o after_o former_a interline_v better_a 70_o 12_o read_v price_n for_o proceed_v 71_o 5_o read_v as_o for_o the_o 75_o 25_o read_v family_n for_o faculty_n finis_fw-la

bring_v death_n mutilation_n and_o impisonment_n according_a to_o the_o present_a law_n which_o be_v mischief_n and_o punishment_n as_o well_o unto_o the_o state_n as_o to_o the_o particular_a sufferer_n of_o they_o chap._n iu._n of_o the_o several_a way_n of_o tax_n and_o first_o of_o set_v a_o part_n a_o proportion_n of_o the_o whole_a territory_n for_o public_a use_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o crown_n land_n and_o second_o by_o way_n of_o assessment_n or_o land-tax_a but_o suppose_v that_o the_o several_a cause_n of_o public_a charge_n be_v lessen_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v and_o that_o the_o people_n be_v well_o satisfy_v and_o content_v to_o pay_v their_o just_a share_n of_o what_o be_v needful_a for_o their_o government_n and_o protection_n as_o also_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o country_n it_o follow_v now_o to_o propose_v the_o several_a way_n and_o expedient_n how_o the_o same_o may_v be_v most_o easy_o speedy_o and_o insensible_o collect_v the_o which_o i_o shall_v do_v by_o expose_v the_o conveniency_n and_o inconvenience_n of_o some_o of_o the_o principal_a way_n of_o levying_n use_v of_o late_a year_n within_o the_o several_a state_n of_o europe_n unto_o which_o other_o of_o small_a and_o more_o rare_a use_n may_v be_v refer_v 2._o imagine_v then_o a_o number_n of_o people_n plant_v in_o a_o territory_n who_o have_v upon_o computation_n conclude_v that_o two_o million_o of_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v necessary_a to_o the_o public_a charge_n or_o rather_o who_o go_v more_o wise_o to_o work_v have_v compute_v a_o twenty_o five_o part_n of_o the_o proceed_v of_o all_o their_o land_n and_o labour_n be_v to_o be_v the_o excisium_n or_o the_o part_n to_o be_v cut_v out_o and_o lay_v aside_o for_o public_a use_n which_o proportion_v perhaps_o be_v fit_a enough_o to_o the_o affair_n of_o england_n but_o of_o that_o hereafter_o 3._o now_o the_o question_n be_v how_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o shall_v be_v raise_v the_o first_o way_n we_o propose_v be_v to_o excize_v the_o very_a land_n itself_o in_o kind_n that_o be_v to_o cut_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a twenty_o five_o million_o which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o england_n and_o wales_n as_o much_o land_n in_o specie_fw-la as_o whereof_o the_o rack-rent_a will_v be_v two_o million_o viz._n about_o four_o million_o of_o acre_n which_o be_v about_o a_o six_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a make_v the_o say_v four_o million_o to_o be_v crown_n land_n and_o as_o the_o four_o county_n intend_v to_o be_v reserve_v in_o ireland_n upon_o the_o forfeiture_n be_v or_o else_o to_o excize_v a_o six_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o whole_a which_o be_v about_o the_o proportion_n that_o the_o adventurer_n and_o soldier_n in_o ireland_n retribute_v to_o the_o king_n as_o quit_v rent_n of_o which_o two_o way_n the_o latter_a be_v manifest_o the_o better_a the_o king_n have_v more_o security_n and_o more_o oblige_v provide_v the_o trouble_n and_o charge_n of_o this_o universal_a collection_n exceed_v not_o that_o of_o the_o other_o advantage_n considerable_o 4._o this_o way_n in_o a_o new_a state_n will_v be_v good_a be_v agree_v upon_o as_o it_o be_v in_o ireland_n before_o man_n have_v even_o the_o possession_n of_o any_o land_n at_o all_o wherefore_o whosoever_o buy_v land_n in_o ireland_n hereafter_o be_v no_o more_o concern_v with_o the_o quit_v rent_n wherewith_o they_o be_v charge_v then_o if_o the_o acre_n be_v so_o much_o the_o few_o or_o than_o man_n be_v who_o buy_v land_n out_o of_o which_o they_o know_v tithe_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v and_o true_o that_o country_n be_v happy_a in_o which_o by_o original_a accord_n such_o a_o rent_n be_v reserve_v as_o whereby_o the_o public_a charge_n may_v be_v bear_v without_o contingent_a sudden_a superaddition_n in_o which_o lie_v the_o very_a ratio_fw-la of_o the_o burden_n of_o all_o contribution_n and_o exaction_n for_o in_o such_o case_n as_o be_v say_v before_o it_o be_v not_o only_o the_o landlord_n pay_v but_o every_o man_n who_o eat_v but_o a_o egg_n or_o a_o onion_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o his_o land_n or_o who_o use_v the_o help_n of_o any_o artisan_n which_o feed_v on_o the_o same_o 5._o but_o if_o the_o same_o be_v propound_v in_o england_n viz._n if_o a_o aliquot_fw-la part_n of_o every_o landlord_n rent_n be_v excind_v or_o retrench_v than_o those_o who_o rent_n be_v settle_v and_o determine_v for_o long_a time_n to_o come_v will_v chief_o bear_v the_o burden_n of_o such_o a_o imposition_n and_o other_o have_v a_o benefit_n thereby_o for_o suppose_v a._n and_o b._n have_v each_o of_o they_o a_o parcel_n of_o land_n of_o equal_a goodness_n and_o value_n suppose_v also_o that_o a._n have_v let_v his_o parcel_n for_o twenty_o one_o year_n at_o twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la but_o that_o b._n be_v free_a now_o there_o come_v out_o a_o tax_n of_o a_o five_o part_n hereupon_o b._n will_v not_o let_v under_o 25_o l._n that_o his_o remainder_n may_v be_v twenty_o whereas_o a._n must_v be_v content_v with_o sixteen_o neat_a nevertheless_o the_o tenant_n of_o a._n will_v sell_v the_o proceed_v of_o their_o bargain_n at_o the_o same_o rate_n that_o the_o tenant_n of_o b._n shall_v do_v the_o effect_n of_o all_o this_o be_v first_o that_o the_o king_n five_o part_n of_o b._n his_o farm_n shall_v be_v great_a than_o before_o second_o that_o the_o farmer_n to_o b._n shall_v gain_v more_o than_o before_o the_o tax_n three_o that_o the_o tenant_n or_o farmer_n of_o a._n shall_v gain_v as_o much_o as_o the_o king_n and_o tenant_n to_o b._n both_o four_o the_o tax_n do_v ultimate_o light_a upon_o the_o landlord_n a._n and_o the_o consumptioner_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o a_o land-tax_a resolve_n into_o a_o irregular_a excize_n upon_o consumption_n that_o those_o bear_v it_o most_o who_o lest_o complain_v and_o last_o that_o some_o landlord_n may_v gain_v and_o only_o such_o who_o rent_n be_v predetermine_v shall_v loose_v and_o that_o double_o viz._n one_o way_n by_o the_o raise_n of_o their_o revenue_n and_o the_o other_o by_o exhaust_v the_o price_n of_o provision_n upon_o they_o 6._o another_o way_n be_v a_o excisium_n out_o of_o the_o rent_n of_o house_v which_o be_v much_o more_o uncertain_a than_o that_o of_o land_n for_o a_o house_n be_v of_o a_o double_a nature_n viz._n one_o wherein_o it_o be_v a_o way_n and_o mean_n of_o expense_n the_o other_o as_o it_o be_v a_o instrument_n and_o tool_n of_o gain_n for_o a_o shop_n in_o london_n of_o less_o capacity_n and_o less_o charge_n in_o build_v then_o a_o fair_a dining-room_n in_o the_o same_o house_n unto_o which_o both_o do_v belong_v shall_v nevertheless_o be_v of_o the_o great_a value_n so_o also_o shall_v a_o dungeon_n cellar_n than_o a_o pleasant_a chamber_n because_o the_o one_o be_v expense_n the_o other_o profit_n now_o the_o way_n land-tax_a rate_v house_n as_o of_o the_o latter_a nature_n but_o the_o excize_n as_o of_o the_o former_a 7._o we_o may_v sometime_o add_v hereunto_o that_o house_n be_v sometime_o disproportional_o tax_v to_o discourage_v building_n especial_o upon_o new_a foundation_n thereby_o to_o prevent_v the_o growth_n of_o a_o city_n suppose_v london_n such_o excessive_a and_o overgrow_a city_n be_v dangerous_a to_o monarchy_n though_o the_o more_o secure_a when_o the_o supremacy_n be_v in_o citizen_n of_o such_o place_n themselves_o as_o in_o venice_n 8._o but_o we_o say_v that_o such_o check_v of_o new_a building_n signify_v nothing_o to_o this_o purpose_n forasmuch_o as_o building_n do_v not_o increase_v until_o the_o people_n already_o have_v increase_v but_o the_o remedy_n of_o the_o abovementioned_a danger_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o people_n the_o which_o if_o they_o can_v be_v nip_v the_o other_o work_n will_v necessary_o be_v do_v but_o what_o then_o be_v the_o true_a effect_n of_o forbid_v to_o build_v upon_o new_a foundation_n i_o answer_v to_o keep_v and_o fasten_v the_o city_n to_o its_o old_a seat_n and_o ground-plot_n the_o which_o encouragement_n for_o new_a building_n will_v remove_v as_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v almost_o in_o all_o great_a city_n though_o insensible_o and_o not_o under_o many_o year_n progression_n 9_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o man_n be_v unwilling_a to_o build_v new_a house_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o pull_v down_o their_o old_a where_o both_o the_o old_a house_n itself_o and_o the_o ground_n it_o stand_v upon_o do_v make_v a_o much_o dear_a ground-plot_n for_o a_o new_a house_n and_o yet_o far_o less_o free_a and_o convenient_a wherefore_o man_n build_v upon_o new_a free_a foundation_n and_o cobble_v up_o old_a house_n until_o they_o become_v fundamental_o irreparable_a at_o which_o time_n they_o become_v either_o the_o dwell_n of_o

shire_n of_o essex_n kent_n surrey_z middlesex_n and_o hertford_n next_o circumjacent_a to_o london_n do_v communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la produce_v and_o will_v withal_o compute_v the_o consumptioner_n of_o they_o live_v in_o the_o say_v five_o shire_n and_o london_n the_o which_o if_o i_o find_v to_o be_v more_o than_o be_v the_o consumptioner_n live_v upon_o the_o like_a scope_n of_o other_o land_n or_o rather_o upon_o as_o much_o other_o land_n as_o bore_v the_o like_a quantity_n of_o provision_n then_o i_o say_v that_o provision_n must_v be_v dear_a in_o the_o say_v five_o shire_n then_o in_o the_o other_o and_o within_o the_o say_a shire_n cheap_a or_o dear_a as_o the_o way_n to_o london_n be_v more_o or_o less_o long_o or_o rather_o more_o or_o less_o chargeable_a 14._o for_o if_o the_o say_v five_o shire_n do_v already_o produce_v as_o much_o commodity_n as_o by_o all_o endeavour_n be_v possible_a then_o what_o be_v want_v must_v be_v bring_v from_o a_o far_o and_o that_o which_o be_v near_o advance_v in_o price_n according_o or_o if_o by_o the_o say_a shire_n by_o great_a labour_n than_o now_o be_v use_v as_o by_o dig_v instead_o of_o plough_v set_v instead_o of_o sow_v pick_v of_o choice_a seed_n instead_o of_o take_v it_o promiscuous_o steep_v it_o instead_o of_o use_v it_o whole_o unprepared_a and_o manure_v the_o ground_n with_o salt_n instead_o of_o rot_a straw_n etc._n etc._n then_o will_v the_o rent_n be_v as_o much_o more_o advance_v as_o the_o excess_n of_o increase_n exceed_v that_o of_o the_o labour_n 15._o now_o the_o price_n of_o labour_n must_v be_v certain_a as_o we_o see_v it_o make_v by_o the_o statute_n which_o limit_v the_o day_n wage_n of_o several_a workman_n the_o nonobservance_n of_o which_o law_n and_o the_o not_o adapt_a they_o to_o the_o change_n of_o time_n be_v by_o the_o way_n very_o dangerous_a and_o confusive_a to_o all_o endeavour_n of_o better_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o nation_n 16._o moreover_o the_o touchstone_n to_o try_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o use_v those_o improvement_n or_o not_o be_v to_o examine_v whether_o the_o labour_n of_o fetch_v these_o thing_n even_o from_o the_o place_n where_o they_o grow_v wild_a or_o with_o less_o culture_n be_v not_o less_o than_o that_o of_o the_o say_a improvement_n 17._o against_o all_o this_o will_v be_v object_v that_o these_o computation_n be_v very_o hard_o if_o not_o impossible_a to_o make_v to_o which_o i_o answer_v only_o this_o that_o they_o be_v so_o especial_o if_o none_o will_v trouble_v their_o hand_n or_o head_n to_o make_v they_o or_o give_v authority_n for_o so_o do_v but_o withal_o i_o say_v that_o until_o this_o be_v do_v trade_n will_v be_v too_o conjectural_a a_o work_n for_o any_o man_n to_o employ_v his_o thought_n about_o for_o it_o will_v be_v the_o same_o wisdom_n in_o order_n to_o win_v with_o fair_a dice_n to_o spend_v much_o time_n in_o consider_v how_o to_o hold_v they_o how_o much_o to_o shake_v they_o and_o how_o hard_o to_o throw_v they_o and_o on_o what_o angle_v they_o shall_v hit_v the_o side_n of_o the_o table_n as_o to_o consider_v how_o to_o advance_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o nation_n where_o at_o present_a particular_a man_n get_v from_o their_o neighbour_n not_o from_o the_o earth_n and_o sea_n rather_o by_o hit_v then_o wit_n and_o by_o the_o false_a opinion_n of_o other_o rather_o than_o their_o own_o judgement_n credit_v every_o where_o but_o chief_o in_o london_n be_v become_v a_o mere_a conceit_n that_o a_o man_n be_v responsible_a or_o not_o without_o any_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o his_o wealth_n or_o true_a estate_n whereas_o i_o think_v the_o nature_n of_o credit_n shall_v be_v limit_v only_o to_o a_o opinion_n of_o a_o man_n faculty_n to_o get_v by_o his_o art_n and_o industry_n the_o way_n of_o know_v his_o estate_n be_v to_o be_v make_v certain_a and_o the_o way_n of_o make_v he_o pay_v what_o he_o owe_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o his_o ability_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v from_o the_o good_a execution_n of_o our_o law_n 18._o i_o shall_v here_o enlarge_v upon_o a_o paradox_n to_o prove_v that_o if_o every_o man_n estate_n can_v be_v always_o read_v in_o his_o forehead_n our_o trade_n will_v much_o be_v advance_v thereby_o although_o the_o poor_a ambitious_a man_n be_v common_o the_o more_o industrious_a but_o of_o this_o elsewhere_o 19_o the_o next_o objection_n against_o this_o so_o exact_a computation_n of_o the_o rent_n and_o work_n of_o land_n etc._n etc._n be_v that_o the_o sovereign_n will_v know_v too_o exact_o every_o man_n estate_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o if_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v bring_v as_o low_a as_o it_o may_v be_v which_o depend_v much_o upon_o the_o people_n in_o parliament_n to_o do_v and_o if_o the_o people_n be_v willing_a and_o ready_a to_o pay_v and_o if_o care_v be_v take_v that_o although_o they_o have_v not_o ready_a money_n the_o credit_n of_o their_o land_n and_o good_n shall_v be_v as_o good_a and_o last_o that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a discommodity_n to_o the_o prince_n to_o take_v more_o than_o he_o need_v as_o be_v prove_v before_o where_o be_v the_o evil_a of_o this_o so_o exact_a knowledge_n and_o as_o for_o the_o proportion_n of_o every_o contributor_n why_o shall_v any_o man_n hope_n or_o accept_v to_o ease_v himself_o by_o his_o craft_n and_o interest_n in_o a_o confusion_n or_o why_o shall_v he_o not_o fear_v though_o he_o may_v be_v advantage_v this_o time_n to_o suffer_v in_o the_o next_o chap._n vi_o of_o custom_n and_o free_a port_n custom_n be_v a_o contribution_n or_o excisium_n out_o of_o good_n send_v out_o or_o import_v into_o the_o prince_n dominion_n in_o these_o country_n of_o a_o twenty_o part_v not_o according_a to_o the_o price_n currant_n among_o merchant_n of_o each_o respective_a commodity_n but_o according_a to_o other_o stand_a rate_n set_v by_o the_o state_n though_o advise_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o concern_v person_n 2._o i_o can_v well_o imagine_v what_o shall_v be_v the_o natural_a reason_n why_o a_o prince_n shall_v be_v pay_v this_o duty_n inward_a and_o outward_a both_o there_o seem_v indeed_o to_o be_v some_o why_o he_o shall_v be_v pay_v for_o indulge_v the_o exportation_n of_o some_o such_o thing_n as_o other_o country_n do_v real_o want_v 3._o wherefore_o i_o think_v that_o custom_n at_o the_o first_o be_v a_o praemium_fw-la allow_v the_o prince_n for_o protect_v the_o carriage_n of_o good_n both_o inward_a and_o outward_a from_o the_o pirate_n and_o this_o i_o shall_v very_o believe_v if_o the_o prince_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v good_a loss_n of_o that_o kind_n and_o i_o think_v that_o the_o proportion_n of_o five_o pound_n per_fw-la cent_n be_v pitch_v upon_o computation_n that_o the_o merchant_n before_o the_o say_v undertake_v and_o composition_n have_v usual_o lose_v more_o by_o piracy_n and_o final_o that_o the_o custom_n have_v be_v a_o insurance_n upon_o loss_n by_o enemy_n as_o the_o insurance_n now_o usual_a be_v of_o the_o casualty_n of_o sea_n wind_n weather_n and_o vessel_n or_o altogether_o or_o like_o the_o insurance_n in_o some_o country_n of_o house_n from_o fire_n for_o a_o certain_a small_a part_n of_o their_o yearly_a rent_n but_o be_v it_o what_o it_o will_v it_o be_v ancient_o establish_v by_o law_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v pay_v until_o it_o shall_v be_v abolish_v only_o i_o take_v leave_n as_o a_o idle_a philosopher_n to_o discourse_v upon_o the_o nature_n and_o measure_n of_o it_o 4._o the_o measure_n of_o custom_n outward_o may_v be_v such_o as_o after_o reasonable_a profit_n to_o the_o exporter_n will_v leave_v such_o of_o our_o own_o commodity_n as_o be_v necessary_a to_o foreigner_n somewhat_o cheap_a unto_o they_o than_o they_o can_v be_v have_v from_o elsewhere_o as_o for_o example_n tin_n be_v a_o native_a commodity_n which_o govern_v the_o market_n that_o be_v there_o be_v none_o so_o good_a and_o so_o easy_a to_o be_v have_v and_o export_v now_o suppose_v tin_n may_v be_v make_v in_o cornwall_n for_o four_o penny_n the_o pound_n and_o that_o the_o same_o will_v yield_v twelve_o penny_n at_o the_o near_a part_n in_o france_n i_o say_v that_o this_o extraordinary_a profit_n ought_v to_o be_v esteem_v as_o a_o my_o royal_a or_o tresor_fw-la trouè_fw-la and_o the_o sovereign_n ought_v to_o have_v his_o share_n in_o it_o which_o he_o will_v have_v by_o impose_v so_o great_a a_o duty_n upon_o tin_n export_v as_o on_o one_o side_n may_v leave_v a_o subsistence_n to_o the_o workman_n and_o no_o more_o with_o a_o competent_a profit_n to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n may_v leave_v the_o price_n abroad_o less_o than_o that_o for_o which_o tin_n may_v be_v have_v from_o any_o other_o

in_o effect_n but_o at_o half_a the_o usual_a rate_n which_o unto_o they_o that_o want_v such_o commodity_n will_v as_o well_o yield_v the_o full_a so_o that_o abate_v our_o price_n will_v as_o well_o allure_v stranger_n to_o buy_v extraordinary_a proportion_n of_o our_o commodity_n as_o raise_v their_o money_n will_v do_v but_o neither_o that_o nor_o abate_v the_o price_n will_v make_v stranger_n use_v more_o of_o our_o commodity_n then_o they_o want_v for_o although_o the_o first_o year_n they_o shall_v carry_v away_o a_o unuseful_a and_o superfluous_a proportion_n yet_o afterward_o they_o will_v take_v so_o much_o the_o less_o 14._o if_o this_o be_v true_a as_o in_o substance_n it_o be_v why_o then_o have_v so_o many_o wise_a state_n in_o several_a ancient_n as_o well_o as_o modern_a time_n frequent_o practise_v this_o artifice_n as_o a_o mean_n to_o draw_v in_o money_n into_o their_o respective_a dominion_n i_o answer_v that_o something_o be_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o stupidity_n and_o ignorance_n of_o the_o people_n who_o can_v of_o a_o sudden_a understand_v this_o matter_n for_o i_o find_v many_o man_n wise_a enough_o who_o though_o they_o be_v well_o inform_v that_o raise_n of_o money_n signify_v little_a yet_o can_v sudden_o digest_v it_o as_o for_o example_n a_o unengage_v person_n who_o have_v money_n in_o his_o purse_n in_o england_n and_o shall_v hear_v that_o a_o shilling_n be_v make_v fourteen_o penny_n in_o ireland_n will_v more_o ready_o run_v thither_o to_o buy_v land_n then_o before_o not_o sudden_o apprehend_v that_o for_o the_o same_o land_n which_o he_o may_v have_v buy_v before_o for_o six_o year_n purchase_n he_o shall_v now_o pay_v seven_o nor_o will_v seller_n in_o ireland_n of_o a_o sudden_a apprehend_v cause_n to_o raise_v their_o land_n proportional_o but_o will_v at_o least_o be_v content_v to_o compound_v the_o business_n viz._n to_o sell_v at_o six_o and_o a_o half_a and_o if_o the_o difference_n be_v a_o more_o ragged_a fraction_n man_n under_o a_o long_a time_n will_v not_o apprehend_v it_o nor_o ever_o be_v able_a exact_o to_o govern_v their_o practice_n according_a to_o it_o 15._o second_o although_o i_o apprehend_v little_a real_a difference_n between_o raise_v foreign_a money_n to_o double_a and_o abase_v half_a in_o the_o price_n of_o our_o own_o commodity_n yet_o to_o sell_v they_o on_o on_o a_o tacit_a condition_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o foreign_a present_a money_n shall_v increase_v our_o money_n forasmuch_o as_o between_o raise_v the_o money_n and_o abase_v the_o price_n be_v the_o same_o difference_n as_o between_o sell_v for_o money_n and_o in_o barter_n which_o latter_a be_v the_o dear_a or_o between_o sell_v for_o present_a money_n and_o for_o time_n barter_v resolve_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o uncertain_a time_n 16._o i_o say_v suppose_v english_a cloth_n be_v sell_v at_o six_o shilling_n a_o yard_n and_o french_a canvas_n at_o eighteen_o penny_n the_o ell_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v all_o one_o in_o order_n to_o increase_v money_n in_o england_n to_o raise_v the_o french_a money_n double_a or_o to_o abate_v half_a of_o the_o price_n of_o our_o cloth_n i_o think_v the_o former_a because_o that_o former_a way_n or_o proposition_n carry_v with_o it_o a_o condition_n of_o have_v foreign_a money_n in_o specie_fw-la and_o not_o canvas_n in_o barter_n between_o which_o two_o way_n the_o world_n general_o agree_v there_o be_v a_o difference_n wherefore_o if_o we_o can_v afford_v to_o abate_v half_a our_o price_n but_o will_v not_o do_v it_o but_o for_o our_o neighbour_n money_n than_o we_o gain_v so_o much_o as_o the_o say_a difference_n between_o money_n and_o barter_n amount_v unto_o by_o such_o raise_n of_o our_o neighbour_n money_n 17._o but_o the_o fundamental_a solution_n of_o this_o question_n depend_v upon_o a_o real_a and_o not_o a_o imaginary_a way_n of_o compute_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n in_o order_n to_o which_o real_a way_n i_o premise_v these_o supposition_n first_o then_o suppose_v there_o be_v in_o a_o territory_n a_o thousand_o people_n let_v these_o people_n be_v suppose_v sufficient_a to_o till_o this_o whole_a territory_n as_o to_o the_o husbandry_n of_o corn_n which_o we_o will_v suppose_v to_o contain_v all_o necessary_n for_o life_n as_o in_o the_o lord_n prayer_n we_o suppose_v the_o word_n bread_n do_v and_o let_v the_o production_n of_o a_o bushel_n of_o this_o corn_n be_v suppose_v of_o equal_a labour_n to_o that_o of_o produce_v a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n suppose_v again_o that_o a_o ten_o part_n of_o this_o land_n and_o ten_o of_o the_o people_n viz._n a_o hundred_o of_o they_o can_v produce_v corn_n enough_o for_o the_o whole_a suppose_v that_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n find_v out_o as_o abovementioned_a be_v a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a product_n about_o which_o proportion_n it_o real_o be_v as_o we_o may_v perceive_v by_o pay_v a_o four_o sheaf_n instead_o of_o rent_n in_o some_o place_n suppose_v also_o that_o whereas_o but_o a_o hundred_o be_v necessary_a for_o this_o husbandry_n yet_o that_o two_o hundred_o have_v take_v up_o the_o trade_n and_o suppose_v that_o where_o a_o bushel_n of_o corn_n will_v suffice_v yet_o man_n out_o of_o delicacy_n will_v use_v two_o make_v use_n of_o the_o flower_n only_o of_o both_o now_o the_o inference_n from_o hence_o be_v first_o that_o the_o goodness_n or_o badness_n or_o the_o value_n of_o land_n depend_v upon_o the_o great_a or_o lesser_a share_n of_o the_o product_v give_v for_o it_o in_o proportion_n to_o the_o simple_a labour_n bestow_v to_o raise_v the_o say_a product_n second_o that_o the_o proportion_n between_o corn_n and_o silver_n signific_a only_o a_o artificial_a value_n not_o a_o natural_a because_o the_o comparison_n be_v between_o a_o thing_n natural_o useful_a and_o a_o thing_n in_o itself_o unnecessary_a which_o by_o the_o way_n be_v part_n of_o the_o reason_n why_o there_o be_v not_o so_o great_a change_n and_o leap_v in_o the_o pro●●ed_n of_o silver_n as_o of_o other_o commodity_n three_o that_o natural_a dearness_n and_o cheapness_n depend_v upon_o the_o few_o or_o more_o hand_n requisite_a to_o necessary_n of_o nature_n as_o corn_n be_v cheap_a where_o one_o man_n produce_v corn_n for_o ten_o then_o where_o he_o can_v do_v the_o like_o but_o for_o six_o and_o withal_o according_a as_o the_o climate_n dispose_v man_n to_o a_o necessity_n of_o spend_v more_o or_o less_o but_o political_a cheapness_n depend_v upon_o the_o paucity_n of_o supernumerary_a interloper_n into_o any_o trade_n over_o and_o above_o all_o that_o be_v necessary_a viz._n corn_n will_v be_v twice_o as_o dear_o where_o be_v two_o hundred_o husbandman_n to_o do_v the_o same_o work_n which_o a_o hundred_o can_v perform_v the_o proportion_n thereof_o be_v compound_v with_o the_o proportion_n of_o superfluous_a expense_n viz._n if_o to_o the_o cause_n of_o dearness_n abovementioned_a be_v add_v to_o the_o double_a expense_n to_o what_o be_v necessary_a then_o the_o natural_a price_n will_v appear_v quadruple_v and_o this_o quadruple_a price_n be_v the_o true_a political_a price_n compute_v upon_o natural_a ground_n and_o this_o again_o proportion_v to_o the_o common_a artificial_a standard_n silver_n give_v what_o be_v seek_v that_o be_v the_o true_a price_n currant_n 18._o but_o forasmuch_o as_o almost_o all_o commodity_n have_v their_o substitute_n or_o succedanea_n and_o that_o almost_o all_o use_n may_v be_v answer_v several_a way_n and_o for_o that_o novelty_n surprise_n example_n of_o superior_n and_o opinion_n of_o unexaminable_a effect_n do_v add_v or_o take_v away_o from_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n we_o must_v add_v these_o contingent_a cause_n to_o the_o permanent_a cause_n abovemention_v in_o the_o judicious_a foresight_n and_o computation_n whereof_o lie_v the_o excellency_n of_o a_o merchant_n now_o to_o apply_v this_o digression_n i_o say_v that_o to_o increase_v money_n it_o be_v as_o well_o necessary_a to_o know_v how_o to_o abate_v the_o raise_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n and_o that_o of_o money_n which_o be_v the_o scope_n of_o the_o say_a digression_n 19_o to_o conclude_v this_o whole_a chapter_n we_o say_v that_o raise_v or_o embase_v of_o money_n be_v a_o very_a pitiful_a and_o unequal_a way_n of_o tax_v the_o people_n and_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o state_n sink_v which_o catch_v hold_v on_o such_o weed_n as_o be_v accompany_v with_o the_o dishonour_n of_o impress_v a_o prince_n effigy_n to_o justify_v adulterate_a commodity_n and_o the_o breach_n of_o public_a faith_n such_o as_o be_v the_o call_v a_o thing_n what_o it_o real_o be_v not_o chap._n xv._n of_o excize_n it_o be_v general_o allow_v by_o all_o that_o man_n shall_v contribute_v to_o the_o public_a charge_n but_o according_a to_o the_o share_n and_o interest_n they_o have_v in_o the_o public_a peace_n that_o