leave_v bare_a without_o colour_n be_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o water_n the_o land_n be_v either_o continent_n or_o land_n a_o continent_n be_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o land_n not_o interlace_v or_o separate_v by_o the_o sea_n in_o which_o many_o kingdom_n and_o principality_n be_v contain_v as_o europe_n asia_n africa_n america_n a_o island_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n environ_v round_o with_o water_n as_o britain_n java_n s._n laurence_n isle_n bermuda_n etc._n etc._n these_o again_o be_v subdivide_v into_o peninsula_n isthmus_n promontorium_n a_o peninsula_n be_v almost_o a_o island_n that_o be_v a_o tract_n of_o land_n which_o be_v almost_o encompass_v round_o with_o water_n be_v join_v to_o the_o firm_a land_n by_o some_o little_a isthmus_n as_o molacca_n in_o the_o east-indies_n etc._n etc._n a_o isthmus_n be_v a_o little_a narrow_a neck_n of_o land_n which_o join_v any_o peninsula_n to_o the_o continent_n as_o the_o strait_o of_o dariene_n in_o peru_n and_o corinth_n in_o greece_n promontorium_n be_v some_o high_a mountain_n which_o shoot_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n the_o utmost_a end_n of_o which_o be_v call_v a_o cape_n as_o that_o great_a cape_n of_o good_a hope_n and_o cape_n verde_n in_o africa_n the_o water_n be_v either_o ocean_n sea_n strait_o creek_n or_o river_n the_o ocean_n be_v that_o general_a collection_n of_o all_o water_n which_o inviron_v the_o whole_a earth_n on_o every_o side_n the_o sea_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n to_o which_o we_o can_v come_v but_o through_o some_o straight_a as_o mare_n mediterraneum_n mare_fw-la balticum_n and_o the_o like_a these_o two_o take_v their_o name_n either_o from_o the_o adjacent_a place_n as_o the_o british_a ocean_n the_o atlantic_a sea_n etc._n etc._n or_o from_o the_o first_o discovere_fw-la as_o mare_fw-la magellanicum_fw-la davis_n and_o furbisher_n stait_n etc._n etc._n or_o from_o some_o remarkable_a accident_n as_o mare_n rubrum_n from_o the_o red_a colour_n of_o the_o sand_n mare_n aegeum_n pontus_n euxinus_n and_o the_o like_a a_o strait_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n restrain_v within_o narrow_a bound_n and_o open_v a_o way_n to_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o strait_o of_o gibraltar_n hellespont_n etc._n etc._n a_o creek_n be_v a_o crooked_a shore_n thrust_v out_o as_o it_o be_v two_o arm_n to_o embrace_v the_o sea_n as_o sinus_n adriaticus_fw-la sinus_n persicus_n etc._n etc._n a_o river_n be_v a_o small_a branch_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v into_o the_o land_n as_o thames_n tiber_n rhine_n nilus_n etc._n etc._n now_o that_o these_o land_n land_n town_n sea_n river_n etc._n etc._n may_v at_o the_o first_o search_n be_v find_v upon_o the_o globe_n all_o geographer_n have_v place_v they_o thereon_o according_a to_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n vii_o longitude_n the_o longitude_n be_v a_o arch_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la comprehend_v between_o the_o first_o meridian_n and_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o place_n you_o inquire_v after_o it_o be_v number_v on_o the_o equator_fw-la from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o eastward_n with_o 10_o 20_o 30_o to_o 360._o degree_n till_o it_o end_v where_o it_o begin_v viii_o latitude_n the_o latitude_n be_v a_o arch_n of_o the_o meridian_n comprehend_v between_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o the_o place_n inquire_v after_o it_o be_v number_v on_o the_o meridian_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la both_o way_n viz._n north_n and_o south_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o pole_n or_o 90_o degree_n thus_o much_o may_v serve_v for_o the_o description_n of_o the_o terestrial_a globe_n i_o therefore_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o celestial_a chap._n iii_o of_o the_o celestial_a globe_n or_o the_o eight_o sphere_n represent_v by_o the_o celestial_a globe_n its_o motion_n and_o of_o the_o circle_n line_n image_n star_n etc._n etc._n describe_v thereon_o i._o of_o the_o eight_o sphere_n the_o eight_o sphere_n which_o be_v the_o starry_a heaven_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o celestial_a globe_n because_o upon_o the_o convexity_n of_o it_o all_o the_o star_n and_o visible_a appearance_n be_v place_v according_a to_o the_o order_n that_o they_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o concavity_n of_o the_o eight_o sphere_n it_o be_v call_v the_o eight_o sphere_n because_o between_o it_o and_o we_o be_v contain_v seven_o other_o heaven_n or_o sphere_n as_o 1._o the_o moon_n 2._o mercury_n 3._o venus_n 4._o the_o sun_n 5._o mars_n 6._o jupiter_n 7._o saturn_n and_o eighthly_a the_o starry_a heaven_n the_o ancients_n have_v make_v the_o systeme_n of_o the_o world_n to_o consist_v of_o 2_o other_o sphere_n call_v the_o chiristiline_n heaven_n and_o the_o primum_fw-la mobile_n or_o first_o mover_n as_o in_o the_o follow_a figure_n be_v represent_v a_o figure_n wherein_o may_v be_v see_v the_o composition_n of_o the_o whole_a frame_n of_o the_o world_n ii_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o eight_o sphere_n there_o have_v be_v attribute_v to_o the_o eight_o sphere_n a_o twofold_a motion_n the_o one_o call_v its_o diurnal_a motion_n which_o be_v make_v from_o east_n to_o west_n upon_o the_o pole_n and_o axis_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o other_o call_v its_o second_o motion_n which_o be_v make_v from_o west_n to_o east_n upon_o the_o pole_n and_o axis_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a the_o diurnal_a motion_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o violent_a motion_n of_o the_o primum_fw-la mobile_n for_o in_o 24_o hour_n it_o carry_v along_o with_o it_o not_o only_o the_o eight_o heaven_n or_o orb_n of_o fix_a star_n but_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o moon_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o planet_n it_o be_v call_v the_o diurnal_a motion_n because_o it_o be_v finish_v in_o one_o day_n the_o second_o motion_n be_v unproper_o attribute_v to_o the_o eight_o sphere_n it_o be_v indeed_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a though_o author_n sometime_o careless_o mention_v the_o one_o instead_o of_o the_o other_o therefore_o in_o the_o next_o section_n where_o i_o treat_v of_o the_o equinoctial_a i_o shall_v at_o large_a explain_v unto_o you_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o miscalled_n second_o motion_n iii_o of_o the_o equinoctial_a the_o equinoctial_a upon_o the_o celestial_a globe_n be_v the_o same_o line_n former_o call_v the_o equator_fw-la upon_o the_o terrestrial_a only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o the_o equator_fw-la remain_v fix_v upon_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n but_o the_o equinoctial_a upon_o the_o celestial_a globe_n be_v movable_a or_o at_o least_o must_v be_v imagine_v to_o move_v contrary_a to_o the_o diurnal_a motion_n from_o west_n to_o east_n upon_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a i_o say_v imagine_v to_o move_v because_o in_o the_o heaven_n it_o do_v real_o move_v though_o on_o a_o material_a globe_n it_o will_v be_v inconvenient_a to_o make_v a_o movable_a equinoctial_a and_o therefore_o it_o have_v one_o fix_v which_o for_o this_o and_o the_o next_o age_n will_v sufficient_o serve_v without_o much_o deviation_n from_o the_o truth_n itself_o now_o that_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o equator_fw-la upon_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n and_o the_o equinoctial_a upon_o the_o celestial_a may_v be_v prove_v and_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v the_o better_o understand_v i_o shall_v only_o bring_v this_o example_n all_o place_n that_o be_v former_o under_o the_o equator_fw-la do_v and_o will_v keep_v the_o same_o longitude_n and_o remain_v still_o under_o the_o equator_fw-la as_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o compare_v the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a geographer_n together_o but_o those_o star_n that_o be_v former_o under_o the_o equinoctial_a do_v not_o keep_v the_o same_o longitude_n nor_o remain_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a because_o the_o equinoctial_a as_o aforesaid_a have_v a_o motion_n from_o west_n to_o east_n upon_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a but_o the_o star_n be_v fix_v in_o their_o one_o sphere_n like_o knot_n in_o wood_n and_o therefore_o move_v not_o be_v by_o the_o precession_n of_o the_o equinox_n leave_v behind_o the_o equinoctial_a colour_n and_o so_o be_v cause_v to_o alter_v their_o longitude_n as_o by_o compare_v the_o observation_n of_o ancient_a and_o modern_a 〈◊〉_d together_o it_o will_v appear_v for_o about_o 346_o year_n before_o christ_n the_o first_o star_n in_o the_o ram_n horn_n be_v by_o the_o egyptian_a and_o grecian_a astronomer_n observe_v to_o be_v in_o the_o equinoctial_a colour_n and_o 57_o year_n ago_o when_o tycho_n observe_v it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o 27_o degree_n 37_o minute_n of_o ♈_o so_o that_o in_o about_o 2000_o year_n it_o be_v move_v forward_o 28_o degree_n and_o will_n according_a to_o tycho_n opinion_n finish_v its_o revolution_n in_o 25412_o year_n according_a to_o which_o motion_n i_o have_v calculate_v this_o follow_a table_n for_o find_v the_o degree_n and_o minute_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a motion_n answerable_a to_o any_o number_n of_o year_n within_o the_o say_a revolution_n you_o deg_n m_o year_n deg_n m._n 1_o
to_o every_o twelth_n degree_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a account_v from_o the_o equinoctial_a colour_n mark_v they_o with_o 1_o 2_o 3_o 4._o etc._n etc._n to_o 30_o which_o will_v end_v where_o you_o begin_v viz._n at_o the_o equinoctial_a colour_n again_o so_o shall_v the_o equinoctial_a be_v divide_v into_o 30_o equal_a part_n represent_v the_o 30_o day_n of_o the_o moon_n age_n these_o figure_n to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la be_v best_a be_v write_v with_o red_a ink._n when_o you_o will_v inquire_v the_o moon_n place_n elevate_v the_o north_n pole_n 90_o degree_n that_o be_v in_o the_o zenith_n so_o shall_v the_o equator_fw-la lie_v in_o the_o horizon_n then_o bring_v the_o equinoctial_a colour_n against_o the_o day_n of_o the_o month_n in_o the_o horizon_n so_o shall_v the_o moon_n age_n write_v in_o red_a figure_n stand_v against_o the_o sign_n and_o degree_n in_o the_o horizon_n that_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o at_o that_o time_n example_n september_n 28._o 1658._o i_o will_v know_v the_o moon_n place_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a she_o be_v then_o 12_o day_n old_a therefore_o i_o elevate_v the_o north_n pole_n 90_o degree_n above_o the_o horizon_n and_o turn_v the_o globe_n about_o till_o the_o equinoctial_a colour_n come_v to_o september_n 28._o in_o the_o circle_n of_o day_n on_o the_o horizon_n then_o look_v against_o what_o sign_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a circle_n in_o the_o horizon_n the_o 12_o the_o division_n in_o red_a figure_n stand_v i_o find_v ♓_o 9_o which_o be_v the_o sign_n and_o degree_n the_o moon_n be_v in_o according_a to_o her_o mean_a motion_n this_o problem_n may_v be_v apply_v to_o many_o use_v for_o have_v the_o moon_n place_v you_o may_v find_v the_o time_n of_o her_o rise_n sothe_v set_v and_o shine_v &c._n &c._n by_o work_v with_o she_o as_o you_o be_v teach_v to_o work_v with_o the_o sun_n in_o several_a foregoing_a problem_n proper_a to_o each_o purpose_n prob._n lv._o have_v the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n or_o right_a ascension_n and_o declination_n of_o any_o planet_n or_o comet_n to_o place_v it_o on_o the_o globe_n to_o correspond_v with_o its_o place_n in_o heaven_n planet_n and_o comet_n can_v be_v place_v on_o the_o globe_n so_o as_o their_o place_n will_v long_o retain_v correspondence_n with_o their_o place_n in_o heaven_n because_o as_o be_v say_v chap._n 44._o they_o have_v a_o continual_a motion_n from_o west_n to_o east_n upon_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a yet_o nevertheless_a you_o may_v by_o have_v their_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n or_o right_a ascension_n and_o declination_n for_o any_o set_a time_n place_z a_o mark_n for_o they_o on_o the_o globe_n either_o with_o ink_n if_o your_o globe_n be_v varnish_v for_o than_o you_o may_v with_o a_o wet_a finger_n wipe_v it_o off_o again_o or_o with_o black-lead_a if_o it_o be_v not_o varnish_v and_o then_o you_o may_v rub_v it_o out_o again_o with_o a_o little_a white_a bread_n which_o mark_v for_o that_o time_n will_v as_o effectual_o serve_v you_o to_o work_v by_o as_o any_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n place_v on_o the_o globe_n will_v do_v therefore_o if_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o any_o planet_n or_o comet_n be_v give_v do_v thus_o elevate_v the_o north_n pole_n if_o the_o latitude_n give_v be_v north_n but_o if_o the_o latitude_n give_v be_v south_n elevate_v the_o south_n pole_n 66_o ½_o degree_n and_o place_v the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a in_o the_o zenith_n and_o over_o it_o screw_v the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n so_o shall_v the_o ecliptick_o in_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n be_v turn_v about_o the_o horizon_n shall_v pass_v through_o all_o the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n then_o find_v the_o point_n of_o give_v longitude_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o bring_v it_o to_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n and_o hold_v it_o there_o then_o count_v upward_o on_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n the_o number_n of_o degree_n and_o minute_n of_o give_v latitude_n and_o at_o the_o point_n where_o the_o number_n end_v close_o to_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n make_v a_o small_a prick_n and_o that_o prick_n shall_v represent_v the_o planet_n or_o comet_n you_o be_v to_o place_n on_o the_o globe_n if_o it_o be_v the_o right_a ascension_n and_o declination_n of_o a_o planet_n or_o comet_n that_o be_v give_v you_o must_v find_v the_o degree_n and_o minute_n of_o right_a ascension_n on_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o bring_v it_o to_o the_o meridian_n and_o keep_v the_o globe_n there_o steady_a then_o find_v the_o degree_n and_o minute_n of_o declination_n on_o the_o meridian_n and_o under_o that_o degree_n and_o minute_n on_o the_o globe_n make_v a_o prick_n and_o that_o prick_n shall_v represent_v the_o planet_n or_o comet_n as_o aforesaid_a if_o it_o be_v ♄_o or_o ♃_o that_o this_o prick_n be_v to_o represent_v it_o may_v stand_v on_o the_o globe_n sometime_o a_o week_n or_o a_o fortnight_n without_o much_o difference_n from_o the_o planet_n place_n in_o heaven_n but_o if_o the_o prick_n be_v to_o represent_v the_o other_o planet_n you_o must_v in_o regard_n of_o their_o swift_a motion_n alter_v it_o very_o often_o especial_o for_o the_o moon_n for_o so_o swift_a be_v her_o motion_n that_o in_o every_o two_o hour_n she_o alter_v about_o a_o degree_n in_o longitude_n have_v thus_o place_v this_o mark_n on_o the_o globe_n you_o may_v find_v out_o the_o time_n of_o its_o several_a position_n and_o aspect_n if_o you_o work_v by_o it_o as_o you_o be_v direct_v to_o work_v by_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o several_a respective_a problem_n throughout_o this_o book_n the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o book_n the_o three_o book_n be_v the_o practical_a use_n of_o the_o globe_n apply_v to_o the_o solution_n of_o problem_n in_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n preface_n because_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n consist_v aswell_o in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o astronomical_a and_o geographical_a problem_n as_o in_o problem_n mere_o nautical_a therefore_o i_o must_v desire_v the_o artist_n to_o seek_v in_o the_o last_o book_n such_o problem_n as_o be_v only_o astronomical_a or_o geographical_a for_o my_o design_n be_v here_o to_o collect_v such_o problem_n as_o be_v only_o use_v in_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n some_o few_o particular_n except_v as_o for_o find_v latitude_n longitude_n course_n distance_n etc._n etc._n which_o though_o they_o be_v handle_v in_o than_o book_n yet_o for_o their_o exceed_a utility_n in_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n and_o for_o that_o what_o there_o be_v give_v can_v always_o be_v have_v to_o work_v by_o therefore_o in_o this_o book_n i_o have_v mention_v divers_a other_o observation_n which_o be_v make_v or_o have_v you_o may_v by_o the_o rule_v proper_a for_o each_o observation_n find_v what_o shall_v be_v propose_v prob._n i._n the_o sun_n amplitude_n and_o difference_n of_o ascension_n give_v to_o find_v the_o height_n of_o the_o pole_n and_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n elevate_v the_o pole_n so_o many_o degree_n as_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o sun_n ascension_n be_v and_o screw_v the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n to_o the_o zenith_n and_o bring_v the_o first_o point_n of_o ♈_o to_o the_o meridian_n than_o number_n on_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n upward_o the_o compliment_n to_o 90._o of_o the_o sun_n amplitude_n and_o move_v the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n till_o that_o number_n of_o degree_n cut_v the_o equator_fw-la so_o shall_v the_o quadrant_n cut_v in_o the_o horizon_n the_o degree_n of_o the_o pole_n elevation_n and_o in_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o degree_n of_o the_o sun_n declination_n example_n the_o difference_n of_o ascension_n be_v 27._o degree_n 7._o minute_n therefore_o i_o elevate_v the_o pole_n 27._o degree_n 7._o minute_n above_o the_o horizon_n and_o screw_v the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n to_o 27._o degree_n 7._o minute_n which_o be_v in_o the_o zenith_n then_o i_o bring_v the_o first_o point_n of_o ♈_o to_o the_o meridian_n and_o number_n on_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n upward_o 56._o degree_n 40._o minute_n the_o compliment_n of_o the_o sun_n amplitude_n and_o bring_v that_o degree_n to_o the_o equator_fw-la then_o i_o see_v in_o what_o degree_n of_o the_o horizon_n the_o quadrant_n cut_v the_o horizon_n and_o find_v 51_o ½_o which_o be_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n then_o look_v in_o what_o degree_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n cut_v the_o equator_fw-la i_o find_v 20_o degree_n 5_o min._n which_o be_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o the_o same_o time_n prob._n ii_o the_o sun_n declination_n and_o amplitude_n give_v to_o find_v the_o pole_n elevation_n elevate_v the_o pole_n so_o many_o degree_n as_o the_o compliment_n of_o the_o sun_n amplitude_n be_v and_o screw_v the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n
the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o there_o set_v on_o fire_n but_o his_o opinion_n be_v of_o all_o man_n confute_v first_o touch_v the_o place_n it_o can_v be_v in_o the_o air_n for_o whatsoever_o be_v in_o the_o air_n be_v not_o see_v of_o all_o man_n at_o all_o time_n to_o be_v under_o one_o and_o the_o same_o part_n of_o heaven_n if_o we_o see_v it_o in_o the_o south_n they_o that_o be_v in_o the_o west_n shall_v see_v it_o under_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o they_o that_o be_v in_o the_o east_n shall_v see_v it_o in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o heaven_n but_o this_o circle_n be_v of_o all_o man_n see_v always_o under_o the_o same_o part_n of_o heaven_n and_o to_o be_v join_v with_o the_o same_o star_n therefore_o it_o can_v be_v in_o the_o air._n again_o for_o the_o matter_n it_o can_v be_v make_v of_o that_o which_o aristotle_n name_v i_o e._n the_o vapour_n of_o the_o earth_n because_o of_o the_o long_a continuance_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o that_o without_o any_o alteration_n for_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o any_o meteor_n make_v of_o vapour_n draw_v up_o from_o the_o water_n or_o exhalation_n from_o the_o earth_n shall_v last_v so_o long_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o blaze_a star_n which_o though_o they_o have_v continue_v long_o as_o namely_o 16._o month_n some_o more_o some_o less_o yet_o at_o the_o length_n they_o have_v vanish_v away_o whereas_o this_o circle_n have_v continue_v from_o the_o begin_n unto_o this_o day_n beside_o put_v case_n it_o be_v make_v of_o these_o exhalation_n whence_o will_v they_o infer_v the_o uniformity_n thereof_o the_o comet_n do_v alter_v diverse_o both_o in_o the_o fashion_n of_o their_o blaze_a and_o also_o in_o their_o several_a quantity_n whereas_o in_o this_o circle_n there_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o same_o part_n always_o of_o one_o form_n and_o of_o one_o bigness_n in_o the_o eâ—â—cient_a cause_n therefore_o he_o must_v needs_o err_v for_o if_o it_o be_v neither_o in_o the_o air_n nor_o make_v of_o the_o exhalation_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o can_v be_v cause_v by_o the_o sun_n for_o the_o one_o be_v the_o place_n and_o the_o other_o the_o matter_n wherein_o and_o whereupon_o the_o sun_n show_v his_o power_n all_o other_o beside_o aristotle_n agree_v in_o the_o place_n but_o differ_v in_o the_o efficient_a cause_n thereof_o and_o they_o be_v either_o philosopher_n or_o poet_n both_o these_o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o firmament_n i._n e._n in_o the_o eight_o sphere_n but_o they_o disagree_v in_o the_o cause_n thereof_o the_o philosopher_n and_o chief_o demecritus_fw-la affirm_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v the_o exceed_a great_a number_n of_o star_n in_o that_o part_n of_o heaven_n who_o beam_n meet_v together_o so_o confuse_o and_o not_o come_v distinct_o to_o the_o eye_n cause_v we_o to_o imagine_v such_o a_o whiteness_n as_o be_v see_v but_o the_o best_a opinion_n be_v this_o that_o this_o milky_a way_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o firmament_n neither_o so_o thin_a as_o the_o other_o part_n thereof_o be_v not_o yet_o so_o thick_a as_o the_o star_n themselves_o if_o it_o be_v as_o thin_a as_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n beside_o the_o star_n than_o can_v it_o not_o retain_v the_o light_n but_o the_o light_n will_v pass_v through_o it_o and_o not_o be_v see_v if_o it_o be_v as_o thick_a as_o the_o star_n than_o will_v the_o light_n be_v so_o double_v in_o it_o that_o it_o will_v glister_v and_o shine_v as_o the_o star_n themselves_o do_v but_o be_v neither_o so_o thin_a as_o the_o one_o nor_o so_o thick_a as_o the_o other_o it_o become_v of_o that_o whiteness_n we_o see_v blaâ—u_fw-mi say_v this_o lactean_a whiteness_n and_o clearness_n arise_v from_o a_o great_a number_n of_o little_a star_n constipate_v in_o that_o part_n of_o heaven_n fly_v so_o swift_o from_o the_o sight_n of_o our_o eye_n that_o we_o can_v perceive_v nothing_o but_o a_o confuse_a light_n this_o the_o tubus_n diopticus_n more_o late_o find_v out_o do_v evident_o demonstrate_v to_o we_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o which_o little_a star_n otherwise_o inconspicuous_a to_o our_o eye_n be_v there_o clear_o discern_v about_o the_o southern_a pole_n be_v see_v two_o white_a spot_n like_o little_a cloud_n colure_v like_o the_o via_fw-la lactea_fw-la one_o of_o which_o be_v treble_a the_o latitude_n of_o the_o other_o some_o mariner_n call_v they_o nubecula_fw-la magellani_fw-la this_o milky_a way_n be_v describe_v on_o the_o globe_n between_o two_o track_n of_o small_a prick_n run_v through_o the_o image_n mention_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o section_n thus_o have_v you_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o globe_n with_o the_o description_n of_o all_o the_o line_n circle_n etc._n etc._n describe_v thereon_o i_o shall_v now_o explain_v unto_o you_o the_o meaning_n of_o several_a word_n of_o art_n which_o in_o the_o use_n of_o they_o you_o will_v meet_v with_o and_o then_o come_v to_o the_o use_v itself_o and_o first_o what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o word_n horizon_n when_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o horizon_n before_o i_o only_o mention_v the_o wooden_a horizon_n or_o frame_n about_o the_o globe_n which_o because_o it_o represent_v the_o mathematical_a horizon_n be_v therefore_o call_v the_o horizon_n but_o the_o word_n horizon_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v more_o particular_o two_o manner_n of_o way_n as_o first_o the_o natural_a horizon_n second_o the_o mathematical_a horizon_n the_o natural_a horizon_n be_v that_o appearent_a circle_n which_o divide_v the_o visible_a part_n of_o heaven_n from_o the_o invissible_a it_o extend_v itself_o in_o a_o straight_a line_n from_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n every_o way_n round_o about_o the_o place_n you_o stand_v upon_o even_o into_o the_o very_a circumference_n of_o the_o heaven_n it_o be_v only_o discern_v at_o sea_n or_o on_o plain_a ground_n that_o be_v free_a from_o all_o hindrance_n of_o the_o sight_n as_o hill_n tree_n house_n etc._n etc._n the_o mathematical_a horizon_n which_o indeed_o be_v mean_v in_o this_o treatise_n so_o oft_o as_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o name_v the_o word_n horizon_n be_v a_o great_a circle_n which_o divide_v that_o part_n of_o heaven_n which_o be_v above_o we_o from_o that_o which_o be_v under_o we_o precise_o into_o two_o equal_a part_n who_o pole_n be_v the_o zenith_n and_o nadir_n in_o this_o circle_n the_o azimuth_n or_o verticle_n circle_n be_v number_v and_o by_o this_o circle_n our_o day_n and_o night_n be_v measure_v out_o unto_o we_o for_o while_o the_o sun_n be_v above_o the_o horizon_n it_o be_v day_n and_o when_o it_o be_v under_o the_o horizon_n it_o be_v night_n this_o circle_n be_v represent_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o upper_a plain_n of_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n therefore_o so_o oft_o as_o you_o be_v direct_v to_o bring_v any_o degree_n or_o star_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o horizon_n it_o must_v be_v understand_v that_o you_o must_v turn_v the_o globe_n till_o the_o degree_n or_o star_n come_v just_a to_o the_o upper_a inner_a edge_n of_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n the_o zenith_n and_o nadir_n be_v two_o point_n opposite_a to_o one_o another_o the_o zenith_n be_v that_o point_n in_o heaven_n which_o be_v direct_o over_o our_o zenith_n head_n and_o the_o nadir_n be_v that_o point_n in_o heaven_n which_o be_v direct_o nadir_n under_o our_o foot_n the_o azimuth_n or_o verticle_n circle_n be_v great_a circle_n pass_v through_o the_o zenith_n and_o nadir_n who_o pole_n be_v the_o zenith_n and_o circle_n nadir_n and_o as_o the_o meridian_n cut_n the_o equator_fw-la and_o all_o parallel_n to_o the_o equator_fw-la at_o right_a angle_n so_o the_o azimuth_n cut_v the_o horizon_n and_o all_o almicanthar_n at_o right_a angle_n also_o the_o azimuth_n as_o the_o meridian_n be_v infinite_a and_o be_v number_v by_o degree_n from_o the_o east_n and_o west_n point_n towards_o the_o north_n and_o south_n in_o the_o horizon_n as_o also_o be_v the_o amplitude_n the_o almicanthar_n be_v circle_n parallel_v to_o the_o horizon_n altitude_n who_o pole_n be_v the_o zenith_n and_o nadir_n they_o be_v also_o call_v circle_n of_o altitude_n because_o when_o the_o sun_n moon_n or_o any_o star_n be_v in_o any_o number_n of_o degree_n above_o the_o horizon_n it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v so_o many_o degree_n of_o altitude_n which_o degree_n of_o altitude_n be_v number_v upon_o the_o verticle_n circle_n from_o the_o horizon_n upward_o towards_o the_o zenith_n the_o almicanthar_n be_v also_o infinite_a as_o parallel_n meridian_n and_o azimuth_n be_v the_o amplitude_n be_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n contain_v between_o amplitude_n the_o true_a east_n or_o west_n point_n in_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o rise_n or_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n moon_n or_o star_n etc._n etc._n the_o declination_n be_v
quadrant_n of_o altitude_n the_o same_o degree_n on_o it_o will_v lie_v on_o both_o the_o star_n so_o shall_v the_o index_n of_o the_o hour-circle_n point_n at_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o night_n prob._n xli_o the_o hour_n give_v that_o any_o star_n in_o heaven_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n to_o know_v thereby_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o day_n of_o the_o month_n though_o it_o be_v lose_v bring_v the_o star_n propose_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o turn_v the_o index_n of_o the_o hour-circle_n to_o the_o hour_n give_v then_o turn_v about_o the_o globe_n till_o the_o index_n point_n at_o the_o hour_n of_o 12_o for_o noon_n and_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a shall_v be_v cut_v by_o the_o meridian_n example_n march_n 7._o at_o 11_o aclock_o at_o night_n the_o pointer_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n of_o london_n therefore_o i_o place_v the_o pointer_n on_o the_o celestial_a globe_n under_o the_o meridian_n and_o turn_v the_o index_n of_o the_o hour-circle_n to_o 11._o past_a noon_n afterward_o i_o turn_v back_o the_o globe_n till_o the_o index_n point_n to_o 12._o at_o noon_n then_o look_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a i_o find_v the_o meridian_n cut_v it_o in_o ♓_o 26._o 45._o minute_n therefore_o i_o say_v when_o the_o pointer_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n at_o 11._o a_o clock_n at_o night_n the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v ♓_o 26._o 45._o have_v thus_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n i_o may_v find_v the_o day_n of_o the_o month_n by_o the_o four_o problem_n and_o so_o either_o know_v the_o day_n that_o the_o pointer_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n at_o 11._o a_o clock_n at_o night_n or_o at_o any_o other_o hour_n give_v the_o day_n of_o the_o month_n may_v also_o be_v find_v by_o the_o declination_n and_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a the_o sun_n be_v in_o give_v for_o the_o meridian_n will_v cut_v the_o degree_n of_o the_o sun_n place_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a in_o the_o parallel_n of_o declination_n so_o that_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a you_o will_v find_v the_o sun_n place_n and_o have_v the_o sun_n place_n you_o may_v as_o aforesaid_a find_v the_o day_n of_o the_o month_n prob._n xlii_o the_o day_n of_o the_o month_n give_v to_o find_v in_o the_o circle_n of_o letter_n on_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o horizon_n the_o day_n of_o the_o week_n the_o seven_o day_n of_o the_o week_n be_v by_o the_o idolatry_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_a heathenish_a time_n dedicate_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o seven_o of_o their_o god_n which_o we_o call_v planet_n the_o first_o be_v the_o most_o eminent_a and_o therefore_o doubtless_o by_o they_o set_v in_o the_o first_o place_n call_v dia_n solis_n or_o the_o sun_n day_n the_o second_o dia_n luna_n the_o moon_n day_n the_o three_o dia_n martis_n the_o day_n of_o mars_n by_o we_o call_v tuesday_n the_o four_o dia_n mercurius_n mercury_n day_n by_o we_o call_v wednesday_n from_o woden_n a_o idol_n the_o saxon_n worship_v to_o who_o honour_n they_o dedicate_v that_o day_n and_o be_v by_o all_o those_o german_a nation_n still_o call_v wodensdagh_n the_o five_o dia_n jovis_n jupiter_n or_o jove_n day_n which_o doubtless_o the_o saxon_n from_o who_o probable_o we_o receive_v it_o call_v donderdagh_a because_o jupiter_n be_v the_o god_n of_o thunder_n and_o we_o either_o by_o corruption_n or_o for_o shortness_n or_o both_o call_v it_o thursday_n the_o six_o dia_n veneris_n the_o day_n of_o venus_n but_o the_o saxon_n transfer_v her_o honour_n to_o another_o of_o their_o goddess_n name_v fria_fw-la call_v it_o fridagh_o and_o we_o from_o they_o call_v it_o friday_n the_o seven_o be_v dia_n saturnis_n satyrus_n day_n the_o same_o day_n of_o the_o month_n in_o other_o year_n happen_v not_o on_o the_o same_o day_n of_o the_o week_n therefore_o the_o dominical_a letter_n for_o one_o year_n be_v not_o the_o same_o it_o be_v the_o next_o now_o because_o you_o can_v come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o day_n of_o the_o week_n unless_o you_o first_o know_v the_o sunday_n letter_n therefore_o have_v i_o in_o prob._n 5â—_n insert_v a_o table_n of_o m_o r_o palmer_n by_o which_o you_o may_v find_v the_o dominical_a or_o sunday_n letter_n for_o ever_o and_o have_v the_o dominical_a letter_n you_o may_v in_o the_o circle_n of_o letter_n on_o the_o horizon_n find_v it_o near_o the_o day_n of_o that_o month_n and_o count_v that_o for_o sunday_n the_o next_o under_o it_o for_o monday_n the_o next_o under_o that_o for_o tuesday_n and_o so_o in_o order_n till_o you_o come_v to_o the_o day_n of_o the_o month_n example_n i_o will_v know_v what_o day_n of_o the_o week_n june_n 1._o anno_fw-la 1658._o old_a style_n fall_v on_o i_o find_v by_o the_o table_n aforesaid_a the_o dominical_a letter_n be_v c_o then_z i_o look_v in_o the_o calendar_n of_o old_a style_n for_o june_n 1._o and_o against_o it_o i_o find_v letter_n e_o which_o because_o it_o be_v the_o second_o letter_n in_o order_n from_o c_o therefore_o it_o be_v the_o second_o day_n in_o order_n from_o sunday_n which_o be_v tuesday_n prob._n xliii_o the_o azimuth_n of_o any_o star_n give_v to_o find_v its_o hour_n in_o any_o give_a latitude_n the_o hour_n of_o a_o star_n be_v the_o number_n of_o hour_n that_o a_o star_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o meridian_n to_o find_v which_o rectify_v the_o globe_n and_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n and_o bring_v the_o star_n propose_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o the_o index_n of_o the_o hour-circle_n to_o 12._o then_o place_v the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n to_o the_o give_v azimuth_n in_o the_o horizon_n and_o turn_v the_o globe_n till_o the_o star_n come_v to_o the_o graduated_a edge_n of_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n so_o shall_v the_o index_n of_o the_o hour-circle_n point_n at_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o star_n only_o this_o caution_n you_o must_v take_v if_o the_o star_n be_v turn_v from_o the_o meridian_n towards_o the_o eastern_a side_n of_o the_o horizon_n you_o must_v subtract_v the_o number_n of_o hour_n the_o index_n point_v at_o from_o 12._o and_o the_o remainder_n shall_v be_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o star_n but_o if_o the_o star_n be_v turn_v from_o the_o meridian_n towards_o the_o west_n side_n the_o horizon_n the_o hour_n the_o index_n point_v at_o be_v without_o more_o ado_n the_o hour_n of_o the_o star_n prob._n xliv_o how_o you_o may_v learn_v to_o know_v all_o the_o star_n in_o heaven_n by_o the_o celestial_a globe_n rectify_v the_o globe_n quadrant_n hour-index_n and_o horizon_n as_o by_o prob._n 2._o then_o turn_v about_o the_o globe_n till_o the_o index_n of_o the_o hour-circle_n point_n at_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o night_n on_o the_o hour-circle_n then_o if_o every_o star_n on_o the_o globe_n have_v a_o hole_n in_o the_o midst_n and_o your_o ey_fw-mi be_v place_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o globe_n you_o may_v by_o keep_v your_o ey_fw-mi in_o the_o centre_n and_o look_v through_o any_o star_n on_o the_o globe_n see_v its_o maâ—ch_n in_o heaven_n that_o be_v the_o same_o star_n in_o heaven_n which_o that_o star_n on_o the_o globe_n represent_v for_o from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o globe_n there_o proceed_v a_o straight_a line_n through_o the_o star_n on_o the_o globe_n even_o to_o the_o same_o star_n in_o heaven_n therefore_o those_o star_n that_o be_v in_o the_o zenith_n in_o heaven_n will_v then_o be_v in_o the_o zenith_n on_o the_o globe_n those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o east_n in_o heaven_n will_v be_v in_o the_o east_n on_o the_o globe_n those_o in_o the_o west_n in_o heaven_n in_o the_o west_n on_o the_o globe_n and_o those_o star_n that_o be_v in_o any_o altitude_n in_o heaven_n will_v at_o the_o same_o time_n have_v the_o same_o altitude_n on_o the_o globe_n so_o that_o if_o you_o see_v any_o star_n in_o heaven_n who_o name_n you_o desire_v to_o know_v you_o need_v but_o observe_v its_o azimuth_n and_o altitude_n and_o in_o the_o same_o azimuth_n and_o altitude_n on_o the_o globe_n you_o may_v find_v the_o same_o star_n and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o eminent_a star_n you_o will_v find_v its_o name_n adjoin_v to_o it_o example_n december_n 10._o at_o half_a a_o hour_n past_o 9_o a_o clock_n at_o night_n here_o at_o london_n i_o see_v two_o bright_a star_n at_o a_o pretty_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o in_o the_o south_n i_o desire_v to_o know_v the_o name_n of_o they_o therefore_o have_v the_o globe_n rectify_v to_o the_o latitude_n of_o london_n and_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n screw_v to_o the_o zenith_n the_o hour-index_n also_o rectify_v and_o the_o horizon_n posit_v horizontal_o as_o by_o prob._n 2._o i_o observe_v the_o altitude_n of_o those_o star_n in_o
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afternoon_n the_o revolution_n shall_v hâ—ppen_v on_o but_o if_o on_o the_o east_n side_n the_o meridian_n the_o number_n of_o hour_n and_o minute_n beforenoon_n the_o revolution_n shall_v happen_v on_o prob._n x._o how_o a_o figure_n of_o heaven_n may_v be_v erect_v by_o the_o revolution_n thus_o find_v seek_v the_o degree_n of_o right_a ascension_n of_o mid_a heaven_n and_o bring_v it_o to_o the_o meridian_n so_o shall_v the_o four_o cardinal_n point_n of_o the_o globe_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o four_o cardinal_n point_n in_o heaven_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o revolution_n the_o other_o hâ—â—â—ses_n be_v 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o circle_n of_o position_n as_o in_o the_o first_o problem_n of_o this_o book_n the_o end_n of_o the_o four_o book_n the_o five_o book_n show_v the_o practical_a use_n of_o the_o globe_n apply_v they_o tâ—_n the_o solution_n of_o gnomonical_a problem_n preface_n dial_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n pendent_a and_o fix_v pendeâ—_n be_v such_o as_o be_v hang_v by_o the_o hand_n and_o turn_v towards_o the_o sun_n that_o by_o its_o beam_n dart_v through_o small_a pin-hole_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n the_o hour_n of_o the_o daâ—_n may_v be_v find_v these_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n universal_a and_o particular_a universal_a dial_n be_v those_o common_o call_v equiâ—ocâ—â—â—_n or_o ring-dyals_n they_o be_v use_v by_o seaman_n and_o traveller_n that_o often_o shift_v latitude_n particular_a be_v such_o as_o be_v make_v and_o only_o serve_v for_o particular_a latitude_n of_o these_o sort_n be_v the_o several_a dyaâ—â—_n describe_v on_o quadrant_n cilinder_n etc._n etc._n fix_a dyaâ—s_n shall_v be_v the_o matter_n of_o this_o discourse_n and_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v make_v upon_o fix_a plane_n and_o show_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n by_o a_o style_n or_o gnomon_n make_v parallel_v to_o the_o axiâ—_n of_o the_o world_n of_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o dyal_n plains_n and_o how_o you_o may_v know_v they_o a_o plain_a in_o dyall_v be_v that_o flat_a whereon_o a_o dyal_n be_v describe_v there_o be_v some_o disagreement_n among_o old_a and_o late_a author_n in_o the_o name_n of_o plain_n for_o some_o name_n they_o according_a to_o the_o great_a circle_n in_o heaven_n they_o lie_v in_o and_o other_o according_a to_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o plain_n thus_o they_o which_o name_v they_o according_a to_o the_o great_a circle_n in_o heaven_n their_o plain_n lie_v in_o call_v that_o a_o horizontal_n plain_n which_o other_o call_v a_o vertical_a plain_n those_o vertical_a which_o other_o will_v call_v horizontal_n and_o those_o polar_a which_o other_o call_v equinoctial_a however_o they_o be_v call_v it_o matter_n not_o so_o you_o can_v but_o distinguish_v their_o kind_n which_o with_o a_o little_a consideration_n you_o may_v easy_o learn_v to_o do_v for_o remember_v but_o upon_o what_o ground_n either_o the_o
that_o shadow_n shall_v be_v a_o meridian_n liâ—e_z second_o on_o the_o backside_n the_o clinatory_n describe_v a_o circle_n and_o draw_v a_o line_n through_o the_o centre_n to_o both_o side_n the_o circumference_n across_o this_o line_n with_o a_o other_o line_n at_o râ—ght_a angle_n in_o the_o centre_n so_o shall_v the_o circle_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o equal_a part_n these_o four_o part_n you_o must_v maâ—k_v with_o east_n west_n north_n south_n and_o divide_v each_o of_o they_o into_o 90._o degree_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o this_o plain_n erect_v a_o straight_a wire_n prependicular_o when_o you_o will_v find_v a_o meridian_n line_n examine_v by_o the_o ten_o prob._n of_o the_o second_o book_n the_o amplitude_n of_o the_o sun_n rise_v or_o set_v from_o the_o east_n or_o west_n point_n and_o wait_v the_o just_a rise_n or_o set_v that_o day_n turn_v the_o instrument_n about_o till_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o wire_n fall_v upon_o the_o same_o degree_n from_o the_o east_n or_o 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the_o plumb-line_n hang_v at_o liberty_n may_v fall_v upon_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o quadrant_n for_o then_o the_o number_n of_o degree_n of_o the_o quadrant_n comprehend_v between_o the_o side_n of_o the_o quadrant_n parallel_n to_o the_o plain_a and_o the_o plumb-line_n shall_v be_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n of_o reclination_n if_o thâ—_n centre_n of_o the_o quadrant_n point_v upward_o or_o inclination_n if_o thâ—_n centre_n point_v downward_o if_o your_o recline_a or_o incline_v plain_a decline_v draw_v upon_o it_o a_o line_n parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n which_o you_o may_v do_v by_o apply_v the_o backside_n of_o the_o clinatory_n and_o raise_v or_o depress_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o quadrant_n till_o the_o plumb-line_n hang_v just_a upon_o one_o of_o the_o semidiameters_a for_o than_o you_o may_v by_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o the_o clinatory_n draw_v a_o horizontal_n line_n if_o the_o plain_n incline_v or_o by_o the_o under_o side_n if_o it_o recline_v if_o it_o neither_o incline_v or_o recline_v you_o may_v drawâ—_n a_o horizontal_n line_n both_o by_o the_o upper_a and_o under_o side_n of_o the_o clinatory_n have_v draw_v the_o horizontal_n line_n apply_v the_o north_n 〈◊〉_d â—_o of_o the_o clinatory_n to_o it_o and_o if_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o needle_n 〈◊〉_d direct_o towards_o the_o plain_a it_o be_v then_o a_o south_n plain_a if_o the_o 〈◊〉_d point_n of_o the_o needle_n point_v direct_o from_o the_o plain_a it_o be_v a_o norâ—â—_n plain_a but_o if_o it_o point_v towards_o the_o east_n it_o be_v a_o east_n plain_a if_o towards_o the_o west_n a_o west_n plain_a if_o it_o do_v not_o point_v direct_o 〈◊〉_d east_n west_n north_n or_o south_n than_o so_o many_o degree_n as_o the_o 〈◊〉_d decline_v from_o any_o of_o these_o four_o point_n to_o any_o of_o the_o other_o of_o 〈◊〉_d four_o point_n so_o many_o degree_n be_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o plain_a 〈◊〉_d respect_n as_o aforesaid_a have_v to_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n or_o if_o you_o find_v the_o azimuth_n of_o the_o sun_n by_o its_o altitude_n observe_v just_a when_o its_o beam_n be_v come_v on_o or_o go_v off_o youâ—_n plain_a that_o azimuth_n shall_v be_v the_o azimuth_n of_o your_o plain_n or_o you_o may_v erect_v a_o wire_n perpendicular_o on_o your_o plain_n and_o wait_v till_o the_o shadow_n of_o that_o wire_n come_v to_o be_v perpendicular_a with_o the_o horizon_n which_o you_o may_v examine_v by_o apply_v a_o plumb-line_n to_o it_o for_o then_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o plumb-line_n and_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o perpendicular_a will_v be_v in_o one_o then_o take_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n you_o may_v by_o prob._n 22._o of_o the_o second_o book_n find_v its_o azimuth_n and_o thereby_o know_v in_o what_o azimuth_n the_o plain_a of_o your_o dyal_n lie_v for_o the_o azimuth_n your_o plain_n lie_v in_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o azimuth_n of_o the_o sun_n just_a 90._o degree_n prob._n i._n how_o by_o one_o position_n of_o the_o globe_n to_o find_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o hour-line_n on_o all_o manner_n of_o plain_n you_o may_v have_v meridian_n line_n draw_v from_o pole_n to_o pole_n through_o every_o 15._o degree_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a to_o represent_v the_o horary_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n both_o day_n and_o night_n and_o when_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o globe_n be_v elevate_v to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o pole_n in_o any_o place_n and_o one_o of_o these_o meridian_n line_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o meridian_n line_n shall_v cut_v any_o circle_n which_o you_o intend_v shall_v represent_v the_o plain_a of_o a_o dyal_n in_o the_o number_n of_o degree_n on_o the_o same_o circle_n that_o each_o respective_a hour-line_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o noon-line_n point_n in_o the_o same_o circle_n thus_o if_o you_o shall_v inquire_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o hour-line_n upon_o a_o horizontal_n plain_n in_o london_n latitude_n the_o pole_n of_o the_o globe_n as_o aforesaid_a must_v be_v elevate_v 51½_n degree_n and_o one_o of_o the_o meridian_n line_n you_o may_v choose_v the_o vernal_a colour_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n which_o be_v do_v you_o be_v only_o to_o examine_v in_o the_o horizon_n because_o it_o be_v a_o horizontal_n plain_n at_o what_o distance_n from_o the_o meridian_n which_o in_o horizontals_n be_v the_o noon-line_n the_o several_a meridian_n draw_v on_o the_o globe_n intersect_v the_o horizon_n for_o that_o distance_n in_o degree_n shall_v be_v the_o distance_n on_o a_o circle_n divide_v into_o 360._o degree_n that_o each_o respective_a hour-line_n must_v have_v from_o the_o meridian_n or_o a_o noon_n line_n choose_v in_o the_o same_o circle_n and_o line_n draw_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o that_o circle_n through_o those_o degree_n shall_v be_v the_o hour_n line_n of_o a_o horizontal_n plain_n if_o your_o plain_n be_v not_o direct_v but_o decline_v east_n or_o west_n 〈◊〉_d must_v number_v the_o declination_n eastward_n or_o westward_n respective_o in_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o quadrant_n 〈◊〉_d altitude_n screw_v to_o the_o zenith_n as_o aforesaid_a bring_v the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n to_o the_o say_a degree_n of_o declination_n and_o the_o number_n of_o degree_n cut_v by_o the_o meridian_n in_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n number_v downward_o be_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n that_o the_o hour-line_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o noon_n line_n in_o a_o circle_n of_o 360_o degree_n and_o line_n draw_v from_o the_o centre_n of_o that_o circle_n through_o those_o degree_n be_v the_o hour_n line_n of_o half_a the_o day_n and_o if_o you_o turn_v about_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n upon_o the_o zenith_n point_n till_o the_o low_a end_n of_o it_o come_v to_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o horizon_n
science_n partly_o to_o the_o god_n themselves_o and_o partly_o to_o ancient_a hero_n which_o achilles_n tatius_n seasonable_o allude_v phoen._n unto_o introduce_v old_a aeschylus_n attribute_v to_o god_n that_o he_o show_v the_o rise_n and_o setting_n of_o the_o star_n and_o distinguish_v winter_n summer_n and_o the_o other_o season_n and_o ovid_n father_n the_o same_o whole_o upon_o jupiter_n perque_n hiemes_fw-la aestusque_fw-la &_o in_o aequales_fw-la autumnos_fw-la metamorph._n et_fw-la breve_fw-la ver_fw-la spatijs_fw-la exegit_fw-la quatuor_fw-la annum_fw-la beside_o it_o be_v in_o the_o fiction_n that_o jupiter_n take_v his_o father_n saturn_n bind_v he_o and_o precipitate_v he_o into_o hell_n now_o this_o seem_v to_o intimate_v that_o jupiter_n have_v impose_v his_o own_o name_n upon_o one_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a and_o illustrious_a of_o the_o planet_n give_v that_o of_o his_o father_n to_o another_o of_o they_o that_o be_v more_o remote_a situate_a in_o the_o deep_a part_n of_o the_o aetherial_a space_n and_o of_o the_o slow_a progress_n though_o all_o this_o while_n we_o be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o those_o name_n be_v fix_v upon_o those_o planet_n a_o long_a time_n after_o since_o more_o ancient_o the_o planet_n jupiter_n be_v call_v phaeton_n and_o that_o of_o saturn_n phoenon_n for_o we_o may_v collect_v very_o near_o as_o much_o from_o lucian_n who_o by_o tartarus_n understand_v the_o immense_a altitude_n or_o profundity_n of_o the_o aetherial_a region_n &_o so_o deny_v that_o saturn_n be_v either_o exile_v by_o jupiter_n into_o hell_n or_o cast_v into_o bond_n as_o common_a head_n be_v persuade_v to_o believe_v as_o for_o hyperion_n diodorus_n have_v a_o tradition_n that_o he_o be_v hyperion_n of_o the_o progeny_n of_o old_a coelus_n demonstrate_v the_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n and_o therefore_o call_v the_o sun_n helios_n after_o the_o name_n of_o his_o son_n and_o the_o moon_n selene_n after_o that_o of_o his_o daughter_n last_o of_o all_o come_v japetus_n who_o also_o be_v the_o son_n of_o coelus_n 7._o but_o perform_v nothing_o worthy_a commendation_n in_o the_o advance_v of_o his_o father_n speculation_n but_o promotheus_n who_o he_o beget_v be_v therefore_o imagine_v to_o have_v be_v chain_v on_o the_o hill_n caveasus_n and_o to_o have_v his_o heart_n perpetual_o tear_v by_o a_o hungry_a eagle_n or_o vultur_n because_o as_o servius_n expound_v the_o riddle_n with_o restless_a care_n and_o solicitude_n of_o mind_n he_o constant_o excruciate_v himself_o with_o observe_v the_o star_n and_o study_v their_o ascension_n and_o declination_n we_o shall_v not_o insist_v upon_o what_o follow_v in_o the_o same_o author_n namely_o that_o this_o prometheus_n be_v the_o first_o who_o introduce_v astrology_n to_o the_o assyrian_n not_o far_o from_o caucasus_n it_o be_v more_o useful_a for_o we_o now_o to_o observe_v that_o he_o be_v imagine_v to_o have_v steal_v fire_n from_o heaven_n for_o the_o inanimation_n of_o man_n for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o because_o he_o infuse_v this_o heavenfetched_a knowledge_n into_o the_o breast_n of_o man_n and_o inflame_v their_o soul_n with_o the_o desire_n and_o love_v thereof_o for_o as_o to_o the_o remainder_n for_o as_o much_o as_o belus_n be_v the_o same_o with_o jupiter_n among_o the_o assyrian_n as_o diodorus_n testify_v it_o be_v he_o rather_o who_o be_v account_v both_o the_o most_o sacred_a of_o their_o deity_n and_o the_o inventor_n 10._o of_o this_o sideral_n science_n as_o pliny_n affirm_v it_o be_v not_o needful_a for_o we_o here_o to_o examine_v many_o other_o of_o the_o ancient_a tradition_n account_v likewise_o among_o the_o fabulous_a as_o in_o phaeton_n particular_a the_o fable_n of_o phaeton_n which_o have_v this_o mythology_n that_o in_o his_o life_n time_n he_o have_v make_v a_o considerable_a progress_n towards_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o sun_n annual_a course_n but_o die_v immature_o he_o leave_v the_o theory_n thereof_o imperfect_a that_o other_o of_o bellerophon_n who_o interpreter_n maintain_v to_o have_v be_v carry_v up_o to_o heaven_n not_o by_o a_o fly_a horse_n but_o a_o studious_a and_o contemplative_a mind_n eager_a in_o the_o the_o quest_n of_o syderal_n mystery_n that_o of_o doedalas_n who_o indeed_o by_o icarus_n thâ—_n same_o tower_a speculation_n as_o by_o the_o artifice_n of_o wing_n mount_v up_o to_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o heaven_n while_o his_o less_o ingenious_a son_n icarus_n fall_v short_a in_o his_o attempt_n of_o imitate_v his_o father_n sublime_a flight_n as_o not_o so_o well_o understand_v the_o demonstration_n of_o the_o reason_n of_o his_o theory_n flag_v very_o low_a in_o his_o study_n and_o fall_v from_o the_o true_a and_o apodicticall_a cognition_n of_o celestial_a motion_n and_o vicissitude_n with_o many_o other_o the_o like_a recount_v by_o lucian_n as_o that_o of_o endymion_n the_o favourite_n of_o the_o moon_n of_o tiresias_n the_o prophet_n etc._n etc._n yet_o one_o thing_n there_o be_v isagog_n mention_v as_o well_o by_o lucian_n as_o tatius_n which_o we_o can_v well_o pass_v by_o which_o fall_v under_o the_o account_n of_o heroical_a time_n seem_v to_o come_v somewhat_o near_o to_o that_o which_o be_v call_v historical_a and_o that_o be_v the_o notable_a centention_n that_o arise_v betwixt_o atreus_n thyestes_n and_o thyestes_n about_o supreme_a dominion_n for_o when_o by_o the_o public_a consent_n and_o vote_n of_o the_o argive_n the_o kingdom_n be_v to_o be_v his_o of_o the_o two_o who_o shall_v give_v the_o most_o eminent_a testimony_n of_o science_n it_o come_v to_o atreus_n share_v to_o be_v king_n because_o though_o thyestes_n show_v they_o the_o sign_n aries_n in_o heaven_n for_o which_o he_o be_v honour_v with_o a_o golden_a ram_n yet_o have_v aireus_n declare_v a_o thing_n more_o excellent_a while_o discourse_v about_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o sun_n rise_v he_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o world_n i._n e._n the_o starry_a orb_n be_v not_o carry_v the_o same_o but_o quite_o contrary_a way_n and_o consequent_o that_o that_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o be_v the_o west_n or_o occident_n of_o the_o starry_a orb_n be_v the_o very_a rise_n or_o orient_a of_o the_o solary_n hence_o that_o verse_n of_o euripides_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d qui_fw-la astrorum_fw-la enim_fw-la contrariam_fw-la ostendi_fw-la viam_fw-la to_o the_o same_o time_n likewise_o be_v we_o to_o refer_v the_o institution_n of_o iphitus_n the_o olympic_a game_n by_o hercules_n which_o after_o a_o long_a interruption_n be_v renew_v by_o iphitus_n for_o inasmuch_o as_o those_o sport_n 18._o be_v institute_v for_o no_o other_o end_n as_o may_v be_v assure_v from_o censorius_n but_o that_o their_o celebration_n may_v put_v man_n in_o mind_n of_o that_o intercalation_n of_o a_o month_n and_o half_a that_o be_v to_o be_v make_v constant_o every_o four_o year_n in_o respect_n of_o those_o four_o time_n eleven_o or_o 44._o day_n by_o which_o the_o moâ—ion_n of_o the_o moon_n anticipate_v that_o of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o four_o time_n six_o hour_n or_o one_o whole_a day_n by_o which_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o sun_n excede_v 365_o day_n manifest_a it_o be_v that_o hercules_n can_v not_o understand_v this_o without_o have_v first_o exact_o observe_v the_o motion_n of_o sun_n and_o moon_n hither_o also_o belong_v that_o which_o be_v report_v of_o orpheus_n who_o must_v orpheus_n needs_o have_v attentive_o observe_v the_o seven_o planet_n if_o it_o be_v true_a as_o lucian_n averr_v that_o he_o represent_v their_o harmony_n by_o his_o seven-stringed_n astâ—ol_n harp_n which_o the_o grecian_n thereupon_o design_v in_o heaven_n by_o some_o star_n that_o to_o this_o day_n retain_v the_o name_n of_o lyra._n so_o likewise_o do_v what_o sophocles_n say_v of_o palamedes_n palamedes_n who_o point_v out_o the_o several_a asterism_n and_o particular_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d vrsum_fw-la volutam_fw-la gelâ—dum_fw-la &_o occasum_fw-la canis_fw-la and_o last_o what_o homer_n recount_v that_o in_o those_o time_n be_v well_o know_v beside_o boot_n and_o the_o bear_n or_o wain_n homer_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d e._n pleyade_n atque_fw-la hyades_n roburque_fw-la ipsum_fw-la orionis_n we_o have_v now_o struggle_v through_o the_o darkness_n of_o fabulous_a time_n and_o be_v advance_v as_o far_o as_o to_o discern_v the_o twilight_n of_o 4._o historical_a an_o here_o the_o first_o thing_n we_o clear_o perceive_v be_v that_o babylonian_n the_o whole_a controversy_n about_o the_o antiquity_n of_o astronomical_a observation_n lie_v betwixt_o the_o egyptian_n and_o the_o assyrian_n or_o babylonian_n for_o as_o to_o the_o grecian_n though_o some_o have_v think_v they_o may_v put_v in_o also_o for_o a_o claim_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o be_v the_o anthor_n of_o this_o admirable_a science_n yet_o by_o the_o verdict_n even_o of_o plato_n himself_o they_o be_v to_o lay_v by_o the_o presence_n of_o competition_n for_o say_v he_o the_o