this_o movable_a but_o why_o do_v quicksilver_n like_o a_o drop_n of_o water_n in_o powder_n or_o dust_n and_o also_o upon_o a_o dry_a substance_n be_v globular_a and_o round_a the_o question_n be_v subtle_a and_o difficult_a cardan_n render_v this_o reason_n what_o thing_n be_v dry_a do_v fly_v from_o touch_v or_o mix_v with_o their_o contrary_n and_o therefore_o in_o hatred_n thereof_o be_v compel_v into_o a_o globular_a form_n this_o opinion_n be_v refute_v by_o scaliger_n exer._n 105._o 1._o this_o happen_v not_o in_o a_o dry_a substance_n only_o but_o in_o water_n which_o be_v moist_a 2._o that_o it_o will_v gather_v itself_o in_o the_o dust_n of_o lead_n and_o not_o fly_v from_o it_o because_o lead_n be_v like_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o quicksilver_n and_o therefore_o it_o do_v not_o fly_v from_o its_o nature_n but_o rather_o desire_v it_o 3._o a_o drop_n of_o water_n when_o it_o fall_v in_o the_o air_n be_v globular_a and_o round_a but_o do_v not_o refuse_v the_o air_n which_o be_v moist_a therefore_o the_o flight_n from_o dryness_n will_v not_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o globular_a form_n if_o it_o be_v the_o same_o in_o moistness_n but_o the_o true_a reason_n be_v take_v from_o the_o material_a cause_n to_o wit_n quicksilver_n for_o its_o exquisite_a mixture_n of_o moist_a and_o dry_a to_o be_v force_v into_o one_o and_o conglobulate_v for_o pure_a water_n alone_o can_v be_v convolve_v into_o a_o globular_a form_n but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n of_o earth_n exquisite_o mix_v with_o water_n than_o indeed_o it_o will_v be_v globular_a as_o we_o see_v in_o drop_n fall_v upon_o dust_n with_o which_o assoon_o as_o any_o dust_n be_v mingle_v it_o become_v round_o for_o from_o dryness_n it_o receive_v a_o certain_a firmness_n to_o cause_v that_o roundness_n from_o which_o example_n the_o substanâ—…e_n of_o quicksilver_n may_v be_v easy_o understand_v because_o it_o have_v the_o same_o form_n way_n or_o station_n in_o nature_n as_o water_v gather_v in_o dust_n therefore_o quicksilver_n according_a to_o the_o definition_n of_o scaliger_n be_v nothing_o else_o then_o a_o watery_a earth_n or_o earthly_a water_n not_o without_o much_o air_n and_o i_o shall_v add_v to_o these_o another_o cause_n of_o conglobulation_n both_o from_o the_o form_n and_o the_o end_n desume_v for_o whatsoever_o they_o be_v they_o be_v always_o one_o but_o unity_n in_o its_o kind_n be_v excellent_o preserve_v in_o a_o globular_a form_n because_o there_o be_v nothing_o different_a nothing_o absent_a no_o inequality_n and_o therefore_o quicksilver_n that_o it_o may_v better_o conserve_v its_o unity_n it_o go_v into_o a_o globular_a form_n c_z it_o be_v a_o controversy_n to_o this_o day_n agitate_a whether_o metal_n be_v distinguish_v among_o themselves_o in_o specifical_a difference_n which_o do_v effect_v divers_a and_o incommunicable_a form_n among_o themselves_o so_o that_o one_o kind_n of_o metal_n can_v be_v change_v or_o convert_v into_o another_o or_o rather_o do_v they_o differ_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o perfection_n and_o imperfection_n this_o last_o tenent_n be_v defend_v by_o the_o chemist_n to_o which_o cardan_n and_o danaeus_n subscribe_v the_o first_o the_o follower_n of_o galen_n and_o julius_n scaliger_n defend_v reas._o 1_o metal_n have_v their_o divers_a definition_n divers_a colour_n strength_n seat_n weight_n and_o many_o such_o like_a difference_n between_o they_o 2._o in_o species_n what_o be_v imperfect_a can_v be_v repose_v or_o exist_v in_o any_o species_n for_o the_o essence_n of_o every_o thing_n be_v indivisible_a but_o the_o essence_n alone_o be_v perfection_n as_o scaliger_n say_v exer._n 106._o sect_n 2._o 3._o metal_n between_o themselves_o be_v not_o change_v therefore_o they_o have_v a_o proper_a and_o complete_a essence_n and_o do_v differ_v in_o specifical_a form_n i_o confirm_v the_o proposition_n for_o either_o its_o nature_n must_v change_v or_o art_n but_o it_o do_v not_o change_v its_o nature_n because_o its_o place_n be_v not_o outward_a as_o to_o operation_n then_o much_o less_o art_n which_o be_v a_o imitator_n of_o nature_n 4._o say_v scaliger_n there_o be_v both_o other_o metal_n appoint_v by_o nature_n that_o of_o they_o gold_n shall_v be_v make_v and_o other_o animate_v that_o of_o they_o man_n may_v be_v make_v therefore_o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o gold_n be_v the_o perfection_n of_o metal_n so_o thomas_n erastus_n his_o second_o part_n of_o dispute_n against_o paracelsus_n and_o jacobus_n albertus_n and_o thomas_n more_o d_o in_o this_o place_n that_o long_o controversed_a point_n whether_o metal_n live_v or_o produce_v vital_a action_n as_o other_o body_n do_v that_o be_v endow_v with_o a_o vegetable_a soul_n cardan_n de_fw-fr subtle_a lib._n 5._o pag._n 150._o do_v affirm_v it_o and_o these_o be_v his_o reason_n 1._o every_o thing_n that_o be_v nourish_v or_o generate_v do_v live_v every_o mingle_a body_n be_v nourish_v or_o at_o least_o generate_v therefore_o it_o live_v to_o this_o scaliger_n answer_v by_o deny_v the_o proposition_n the_o tophu_n or_o gravel-stone_n be_v generate_v yet_o it_o do_v not_o live_v because_o it_o want_v a_o soul_n therefore_o the_o name_n generation_n be_v common_a to_o all_o thing_n generable_a and_o corruptible_a as_o also_o to_o inanimate_a and_o corporal_a simple_n for_o this_o water_n be_v generate_v of_o the_o air_n without_o a_o live_a soul._n the_o second_o reason_n which_o be_v judge_v the_o most_o valid_a be_v this_o where_o there_o be_v heat_n there_o be_v a_o soul_n where_o a_o soul_n there_o be_v life_n in_o a_o stone_n there_o be_v heat_n therefore_o also_o life_n and_o soul._n the_o major_n be_v deniable_a for_o in_o fire_n there_o be_v heat_n which_o notwithstanding_o want_v a_o soul_n the_o minor_a also_o be_v false_a for_o a_o stone_n be_v rather_o cold_a then_o hot_a 3._o attraction_n come_v from_o the_o soul_n the_o loadstone_n attract_v iron_n therefore_o it_o have_v a_o soul_n or_o be_v animate_v scaliger_n answer_v that_o all_o attraction_n not_o to_o be_v from_o the_o soul_n as_o be_v plain_a from_o fire_n which_o do_v gather_v and_o attract_v its_o kind_n neither_o be_v it_o animate_v 4._o metal_n have_v vein_n and_o pore_n therefore_o the_o office_n and_o end_n of_o vein_n the_o end_n be_v the_o passage_n of_o aliment_n but_o aliment_n be_v only_o of_o the_o soul._n scaliger_n answer_v and_o deny_v the_o first_o that_o there_o be_v no_o true_a vein_n in_o metal_n but_o rather_o certain_a internal_o by_o which_o the_o part_n be_v distinguish_v and_o grant_v they_o be_v true_a vein_n and_o necessary_a than_o they_o will_v be_v find_v in_o all_o metal_n which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o most_o precious_a metal_n as_o in_o gold_n the_o adamant_n and_o other_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o true_a 5._o metal_n do_v grow_v therefore_o they_o have_v a_o vegetable_a soul._n i_o answer_v metal_n do_v grow_v and_o increase_v not_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o soul_n but_o rather_o by_o accretion_n or_o apposition_n of_o part_n extrinsecal_o adhere_v no_o otherwise_o then_o as_o a_o stone_n in_o the_o bladder_n therefore_o a_o soul_n can_v right_o be_v attribute_v unto_o they_o 6._o metal_n do_v suffer_v disease_n and_o old_a age_n as_o albertus_n do_v attest_v which_o must_v necessary_o proceed_v from_o life_n we_o answer_v that_o old_a age_n and_o disease_n be_v metaphorical_o give_v to_o they_o when_o by_o much_o preservation_n we_o say_v they_o have_v lose_v their_o first_o goodness_n and_o virtue_n as_o scaliger_n do_v instance_n in_o the_o adamant_n which_o never_o can_v be_v say_v to_o wax_v old_a e_z these_o property_n be_v denote_v of_o gold_n first_o that_o it_o be_v of_o all_o metal_n the_o most_o soft_a and_o tender_a and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v dilate_v into_o a_o thin_a leaf_n insomuch_o that_o one_o ounce_n of_o gold_n will_v cover_v eight_o of_o silver_n 2._o it_o want_v fatness_n and_o therefore_o it_o do_v not_o tincture_n not_o defile_v neither_o be_v it_o conâ—…umed_v with_o fire_n for_o gold_n according_a to_o aristotle_n of_o all_o metal_n lose_v nothing_o in_o the_o fire_n the_o often_o it_o be_v burn_v the_o better_a it_o be_v 3._o it_o be_v heavy_a consider_v the_o thickness_n of_o its_o substance_n because_o it_o be_v compact_v well_o with_o heat_n 4._o it_o have_v a_o pleasant_a and_o excellent_a sapour_fw-la and_o odour_n for_o it_o be_v temperate_o hot_a and_o dry_a whence_o it_o be_v say_v to_o exhilarate_v the_o heart_n of_o man_n and_o to_o corroborate_v the_o vital_a spirit_n native_a gold_n be_v find_v in_o the_o mountain_n about_o arabia_n in_o cavern_n and_o pond_n in_o germany_n in_o river_n at_o tago_n and_o sometime_o in_o the_o head_n of_o fish_n it_o be_v also_o generate_v and_o mingle_v with_o other_o metal_n f_o there_o be_v a_o great_a controversy_n among_o latter_a chemist_n and_o follower_n of_o
aliment_n blood_n into_o the_o general_a mass_n of_o the_o body_n but_o here_o another_o question_n will_v arise_v how_o can_v the_o spirit_n flow_v into_o the_o inward_a and_o most_o remote_a part_n but_o by_o penetration_n and_o dimension_n answer_v some_o body_n be_v crass_a and_o solid_a and_o some_o thin_a and_o tender_a through_o those_o that_o be_v hard_a they_o can_v penetrate_v but_o the_o spirit_n because_o they_o be_v thin_a do_v fly_v all_o manner_n of_o sense_n and_o be_v diffuse_v without_o impediment_n in_o a_o moment_n this_o way_n and_o that_o way_n with_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o celerity_n and_o do_v pervade_v the_o member_n neither_o by_o their_o presence_n fill_v they_o nor_o by_o their_o absence_n empty_v they_o e_z and_o in_o this_o spirit_n all_o the_o cause_n come_v to_o be_v consider_v the_o matter_n be_v the_o natural_a spirit_n procreate_v in_o the_o liver_n thence_o carry_v by_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la with_o the_o arterious_a blood_n that_o be_v the_o pure_a of_o blood_n upward_o go_v into_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o heart_n where_o it_o be_v attenuate_v most_o accurate_o by_o the_o passage_n not_o altogether_o occult_a but_o if_o a_o dog_n be_v dissect_v it_o will_v be_v find_v in_o the_o left_a side_n the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v the_o strong_a heat_n of_o the_o heart_n attenuate_v and_o make_v thin_a the_o vital_a spirit_n it_o be_v form_n its_o rarefaction_n not_o unlike_a to_o the_o tenuity_n of_o a_o little_a flame_n its_o end_n be_v to_o conserve_v life_n diffuse_v from_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o artery_n into_o the_o universal_a body_n f_o the_o matter_n of_o this_o spirit_n be_v that_o vital_a which_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o crevice_n of_o the_o artery_n to_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o it_o do_v slide_v thereinto_o as_o into_o a_o net_n which_o be_v place_v there_o by_o nature_n as_o a_o labyrinth_n for_o when_o any_o matter_n will_v exact_o elaborate_v it_o do_v devise_v a_o long_o stay_v in_o the_o instrument_n of_o coction_n and_o afterward_o by_o another_o context_n be_v intromit_v into_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v motion_n but_o chief_o the_o proper_a force_n of_o the_o solid_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n whereby_o this_o spirit_n do_v exact_o elaborate_a and_o so_o become_v animal_n the_o form_n of_o it_o be_v rarefaction_n make_v perfect_a by_o the_o degeneration_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n into_o the_o animal_n its_o end_n be_v to_o show_v a_o sensitive_a and_o move_a faculty_n with_o great_a celerity_n from_o the_o middle_a ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o nerve_n into_o the_o whole_a body_n by_o which_o spirit_n the_o animal_n faculty_n be_v apprehend_v in_o man_n of_o reason_n and_o memory_n if_o its_o force_n or_o motion_n be_v not_o hinder_v chap._n 9_o of_o the_o similar_v part_n of_o a_o animate_v body_n 1._o have_v expound_v the_o contain_v part_n the_o continent_n do_v follow_v which_o consist_v of_o substance_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o firmness_n and_o solidity_n they_o have_v 2._o and_o they_o be_v either_o homogeneous_a or_o heterogeneous_a similar_v or_o dissimilar_v 3._o a_o similar_v a_o part_n be_v that_o which_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o simile_n according_a to_o the_o particle_n of_o sense_n and_o into_o the_o same_o species_n 4._o of_o similar_v part_n some_o be_v spermatical_a other_o carnous_a 5._o the_o spermatick_a part_n be_v those_o which_o be_v generate_v immediate_o of_o the_o crassament_n of_o seed_n and_o so_o coalesce_v into_o hard_a substance_n 6._o of_o which_o sort_n be_v bone_n cartilage_n ligament_n membrane_n nerve_n artery_n vein_n fibres_n fat_n be_v skin_n 7._o bones_o be_v the_o hard_a part_n b_o of_o animate_v dry_a and_o cold_a beget_v of_o the_o crassament_n of_o seed_n by_o exustion_n to_o the_o stability_n of_o the_o whole_a 8._o these_o be_v endow_v with_o no_o sense_n because_o first_o no_o nerve_n be_v disseminated_a by_o their_o substance_n second_o if_o they_o be_v sensible_a they_o can_v not_o endure_v daily_a labour_n without_o great_a pain_n and_o that_o sensation_n will_v either_o take_v away_o the_o great_a part_n of_o action_n or_o render_v it_o frustraneous_a 9_o a_o cartilege_n c_o be_v a_o kin_n to_o these_o which_o be_v a_o substance_n or_o part_n a_o little_o soft_a than_o bone_n and_o hard_a than_o any_o other_o member_n and_o flexible_a after_o a_o certain_a manner_n make_v to_o the_o keep_n of_o motion_n in_o its_o destinate_a part_n 10._o a_o ligament_n d_o be_v a_o simple_a part_n of_o the_o body_n hard_a and_o beget_v of_o seed_n yet_o soft_a than_o a_o cartilege_n and_o yield_v to_o the_o touch_n knit_v the_o bone_n together_o 11._o a_o certain_a portion_n of_o these_o be_v call_v tendous_a which_o be_v a_o similar_v part_n beget_v of_o fibres_n nerve_n and_o ligament_n mix_v in_o a_o muscle_n all_o which_o be_v call_v article_n 12._o a_o membrane_n be_v a_o similar_v part_n beget_v of_o seed_n tender_a cover_v several_a other_o part_n 13._o the_o nerve_n be_v spermatick_a part_n arise_v from_o the_o brain_n or_o backbone_n the_o interior_a part_n of_o the_o marrow_n the_o exterior_a of_o the_o membrane_n carry_v the_o animal_n spirit_n to_o sense_n and_o motion_n 14._o they_o be_v distinguish_v into_o soft_a or_o hard_a 15._o they_o be_v soft_a which_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o former_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n 16._o and_o they_o be_v seven_o conjugation_n for_o none_o of_o all_o the_o nerve_n be_v simple_a but_o all_o conjugate_v whence_o they_o be_v call_v paria_fw-la nervorum_fw-la 17._o the_o chief_a of_o these_o be_v insert_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o be_v call_v the_o visive_a or_o optic_a nerve_n carry_v the_o faculty_n of_o see_v unto_o they_o 18._o the_o second_o propagation_n of_o move_v of_o the_o nerve_n be_v the_o eye_n 19_o the_o three_o society_n be_v partly_o scatter_a into_o the_o tunicle_n of_o the_o tongue_n to_o propagate_v to_o the_o taste_n and_o part_v disperse_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o face_n 20._o the_o four_o conjugation_n be_v a_o certain_a proportion_n disperse_v in_o the_o palate_n 21._o the_o five_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o auditory_a passage_n to_o the_o drum_n of_o the_o ear_n and_o they_o be_v call_v the_o auditory_a nerve_n 22._o the_o six_o be_v a_o large_a portion_n of_o nerve_n wander_v and_o run_v almost_o through_o all_o the_o bowel_n 23._o the_o seven_o arise_v from_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n and_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o backbone_n and_o insert_v into_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o tongue_n and_o be_v say_v to_o move_v the_o tongue_n 24._o the_o crasser_n nerve_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o more_o obtuser_n faculty_n and_o they_o do_v come_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o backbone_n carry_v sense_n and_o motion_n to_o the_o internal_a part_n 25._o and_o thirty_o of_o these_o be_v alike_o and_o combine_v seven_o to_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n twelve_o to_o the_o thorax_n five_o to_o the_o lung_n six_o to_o the_o sacred_a bone_n all_o which_o do_v disperse_v themselves_o like_o bough_n into_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n 26._o the_o artery_n f_o be_v hollow_a vessel_n long_o have_v two_o tunicle_n and_o those_o crass_a and_o substantial_a ordain_v for_o the_o deduce_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n and_o for_o temperate_n and_o expurge_v of_o the_o heart_n and_o other_o part_n to_o heat_n 27._o and_o they_o do_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o heart_n of_o which_o two_o principal_a artery_n do_v spring_v out_o of_o the_o left_a side_n thereof_o from_o which_o two_o all_o the_o other_o take_v their_o original_n arteria_fw-la aorta_fw-la et_fw-la arteria_fw-la venosa_fw-la 28._o the_o great_a artery_n aorta_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o other_o artery_n and_o do_v carry_v the_o vital_a spirit_n to_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n 29._o the_o venous_a artery_n be_v stretch_v out_o like_o a_o quill_n from_o the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o heart_n into_o the_o liver_n from_o whence_o it_o bring_v air_n to_o cool_v the_o heart_n 30._o a_o vein_n g_z be_v a_o similar_v part_n and_o round_a and_o hollow_a like_v to_o a_o reed_n arise_v from_o the_o liver_n consist_v of_o one_o tunicle_n context_v of_o three_o fibre_n carry_v blood_n for_o nutriment_n together_o with_o the_o natural_a spirit_n to_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o body_n 31._o vein_n be_v distinguish_v into_o principal_n and_o less_o principal_a 32._o the_o principal_a be_v those_o out_o of_o which_o as_o out_o of_o a_o trunk_n or_o stock_n other_o do_v arise_v and_o they_o be_v two_o vena_fw-la porta_fw-la and_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la 33_o vena_fw-la porta_fw-la be_v a_o great_a vein_n come_v out_o of_o the_o hollow_a part_n of_o the_o liver_n and_o except_v all_o the_o mesenterian_a vein_n
compel_v they_o into_o one_o of_o the_o ligament_n serve_v the_o artery_n to_o a_o voluntary_a motion_n the_o fibre_n of_o the_o tendon_n grow_v of_o the_o juncture_n be_v join_v among_o themselves_o e_z they_o be_v call_v spermatick_a part_n because_o they_o be_v generate_v of_o seed_n and_o not_o of_o blood_n which_o argue_v that_o their_o colour_n must_v be_v white_a and_o cold_a in_o substance_n all_o nerve_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o not_o from_o the_o heart_n as_o aristotle_n imagine_v their_o use_n be_v to_o carry_v that_o animal_n spirit_n get_v in_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o motive_n and_o sensitive_a faculty_n and_o to_o communicate_v it_o to_o the_o body_n f_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n be_v join_v with_o a_o friendly_a intercourse_n that_o the_o vein_n may_v supply_v they_o with_o matter_n of_o spirit_n for_o the_o spirit_n do_v cherish_v the_o blood_n with_o its_o heat_n in_o the_o artery_n and_o there_o be_v mutual_a orifice_n that_o the_o spirit_n may_v take_v nutriment_n out_o of_o the_o vein_n and_o the_o vein_n spirit_n and_o heat_n out_o of_o the_o artery_n but_o the_o artery_n and_o vein_n do_v differ_v first_o in_o their_o original_n because_o they_o come_v out_o of_o the_o sinister_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n second_o in_o their_o function_n because_o they_o subminister_v vital_a spirit_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n thirdâ—…y_o in_o their_o substance_n for_o the_o arâ—…eries_n so_o likewise_o the_o vein_n do_v â—…onsist_v of_o a_o membranous_a body_n â—…et_v more_o solid_a hard_a and_o conâ—…rmed_v by_o more_o crasser_n tunicle_n now_o a_o tunicle_n be_v twofold_a exterior_a interior_a that_o fiber_n which_o be_v knit_v with_o many_o strait_a and_o crooked_a wind_n have_v the_o like_a crassitude_n and_o firmness_n with_o the_o tunicle_n of_o the_o vein_n but_o this_o have_v five_o time_n a_o more_o hard_a and_o grosser_n substance_n lest_o the_o subtle_a spirit_n shall_v exhale_v and_o the_o artery_n itself_o be_v break_v with_o the_o perpetual_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n four_o in_o motion_n for_o the_o artery_n be_v move_v without_o intermission_n by_o dilatation_n and_o contraction_n when_o dilate_a they_o draw_v the_o cold_a air_n and_o when_o contract_v cast_v out_o hot_a fume_n g_z this_o question_n be_v move_v by_o physician_n and_o philosopher_n about_o the_o vein_n whether_o they_o have_v a_o force_n or_o faculty_n to_o generate_v blood_n some_o maintain_v it_o that_o the_o blood_n which_o the_o vein_n contain_v within_o themselves_o to_o elaborate_v more_o exquisite_o and_o to_o be_v make_v by_o a_o insited_a force_n and_o faculty_n and_o therefore_o in_o that_o blood_n that_o the_o chief_a degree_n of_o perfection_n be_v get_v but_o the_o falsity_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v easy_o know_v by_o those_o who_o diligent_o mark_v the_o thin_a tunicle_n of_o the_o vein_n and_o its_o white_a substance_n now_o it_o be_v provide_v by_o nature_n that_o every_o part_n of_o the_o body_n shall_v be_v convert_v to_o the_o other_o and_o transmute_v into_o its_o colour_n then_o how_o can_v the_o vein_n with_o their_o thinness_n and_o whiteness_n change_v white_a chyle_n and_o gross_a into_o red_a and_o pure_a blood_n therefore_o more_o true_a be_v that_o opinion_n that_o the_o generation_n of_o blood_n be_v only_o the_o work_n of_o the_o liver_n which_o do_v make_v blood_n by_o a_o certain_a force_n and_o faculty_n within_o itself_o seat_v all_o the_o sanguifick_a force_n be_v give_v to_o the_o vein_n yet_o they_o receive_v it_o from_o the_o liver_n as_o avicen_n demonstrate_v h_n aristotle_n and_o hypocrates_n do_v prove_v that_o fibre_n do_v concrete_a the_o blood_n by_o their_o frigidity_n because_o that_o blood_n out_o of_o which_o fibre_n be_v take_v can_v never_o be_v concrete_v by_o any_o cold_a for_o when_o blood_n be_v let_v out_o of_o the_o vein_n if_o it_o do_v not_o concrete_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o death_n ay_o fat_a be_v the_o matter_n of_o blood_n and_o although_o it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o cream_n of_o blood_n yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v cold_a and_o without_o blood_n degenerate_v into_o fat_a by_o the_o want_n of_o heat_n and_o frigidity_n of_o the_o membrane_n it_o consist_v of_o coldness_n and_o dryness_n because_o by_o heat_n it_o be_v melt_v and_o by_o the_o humidity_n of_o other_o part_n coagulate_v by_o cold_a the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v the_o want_n of_o heat_n which_o be_v thus_o prove_v because_o you_o shall_v find_v no_o fat_a as_o to_o any_o quantity_n about_o the_o liver_n or_o the_o heart_n or_o any_o other_o hot_a part_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o those_o part_n k_o take_v this_o as_o another_o definition_n of_o the_o cutis_fw-la the_o skin_n be_v a_o thin_a part_n membranous_a porous_a endow_v with_o blood_n the_o tegument_n or_o cover_v of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n which_o as_o it_o be_v easy_o take_v away_o by_o accident_n so_o it_o do_v easy_o grow_v again_o which_o denote_v thus_o much_o that_o the_o skin_n be_v not_o altogether_o endow_v with_o a_o sensitive_a faculty_n but_o only_o so_o far_o as_o it_o have_v the_o nerve_n and_o of_o the_o faculty_n of_o blood_n in_o it_o and_o whereas_o it_o be_v define_v to_o be_v membranous_a that_o be_v smooth_a simple_a thin_a and_o white_a and_o that_o it_o have_v a_o middle_a nature_n between_o flesh_n and_o nerve_n for_o neither_o be_v it_o altogether_o without_o blood_n as_o the_o nerve_n be_v so_o neither_o do_v it_o abound_v with_o blood_n as_o the_o flesh_n do_v whence_o it_o be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o temperament_n and_o indeed_o the_o skin_n about_o the_o hand_n in_o it_o there_o be_v the_o most_o exquisite_a and_o perfect_a faculty_n of_o sense_n but_o not_o so_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o skin_n be_v porous_a that_o it_o may_v thereby_o attract_v the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n and_o expulse_v the_o excrementitious_a vapour_n of_o the_o body_n now_o the_o excrement_n which_o come_v out_o of_o the_o pore_n be_v sweat_n sweat_n be_v a_o excrementitious_a humidity_n of_o the_o three_o coction_n break_v out_o by_o the_o skin_n in_o the_o species_n or_o form_n of_o water_n the_o matter_n of_o sweat_n be_v the_o whole_a humidity_n which_o be_v get_v in_o meat_n and_o drink_n which_o thing_n be_v necessary_a to_o all_o animal_n because_o it_o may_v make_v way_n for_o other_o aliment_n and_o not_o long_o lie_v in_o the_o vessel_n it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o genus_fw-la with_o urine_n only_o differ_v in_o this_o that_o the_o urine_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o bladder_n this_o with_o blood_n a_o long_a passage_n through_o the_o body_n its_o efficient_a cause_n be_v heat_n but_o not_o so_o vehement_a as_o to_o have_v a_o dry_a faculty_n but_o moist_a so_o calefy_v the_o nature_n of_o sweat_n by_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o body_n that_o it_o become_v thin_a and_o so_o soften_v the_o skin_n by_o relaxation_n that_o it_o may_v the_o better_o pass_v through_o those_o who_o skin_n be_v hard_a and_o thick_a be_v very_o unapt_a to_o sweat_v l_o flesh_n may_v be_v take_v either_o proper_o or_o improper_o when_o proper_o take_v then_o absolute_o that_o which_o be_v describe_v by_o we_o and_o it_o be_v the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o muscle_n for_o the_o substance_n of_o they_o do_v true_o and_o proper_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o flesh_n that_o which_o be_v take_v improper_o be_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o bowel_n generate_v of_o blood_n pour_v out_o as_o the_o liver_n heart_n and_o lung_n chap._n 10._o of_o external_n dissimilar_v part_n 1._o hitherto_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o similar_v part_n now_o of_o dissimilar_v or_o organical_a which_o be_v diverse_o compound_v of_o the_o similar_v 2._o and_o they_o be_v either_o external_a or_o internal_a 3._o the_o external_a part_n be_v first_o the_o head_n second_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o body_n three_o the_o artus_fw-la under_o which_o we_o comprehend_v the_o arm_n and_o foot_n 4._o the_o head_n be_v the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o body_n globular_a set_v upon_o the_o neck_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o animal_n faculty_n 5._o its_o part_n that_o be_v external_a be_v chief_o the_o skull_n and_o the_o face_n 6._o the_o skull_n be_v a_o craf_v bone_n of_o the_o head_n round_o distinguish_v into_o twenty_o bone_n and_o certain_a future_n cover_v the_o brain_n environ_v it_o on_o every_o side_n 7._o its_o bone_n be_v thus_o distinguish_v there_o be_v two_o in_o the_o crown_n one_o in_o the_o front_n two_o in_o the_o temple_n one_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o wedge_n another_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o sieve_n twelve_o in_o the_o superior_a jaw_n and_o one_o in_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n 8._o there_o be_v three_o suture_n the_o first_o be_v transverse_v the_o crown_n go_v from_o towards_o one_o ear_n to_o the_o
be_v a_o certain_a partition_n which_o divide_v either_o side_n the_o vulgar_a call_v it_o the_o seven_o medium_n which_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n appear_v crass_a but_o after_o a_o more_o curious_a inspection_n it_o be_v find_v to_o have_v many_o hole_n in_o it_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o easy_a passage_n from_o the_o left_a side_n to_o the_o right_n notwithstanding_o what_o the_o neoteric_o exclaim_v against_o it_o and_o urge_v to_o the_o contrary_n 13._o furthermore_o there_o be_v certain_a appendix_n membranous_a and_o full_a of_o wind_n leap_v to_o each_o side_n of_o the_o ventricle_n which_o be_v call_v auriculae_fw-la not_o from_o its_o use_n or_o action_n but_o similitude_n 14._o on_o the_o right_a side_n it_o lie_v open_a to_o the_o door_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la the_o left_a be_v place_v in_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o venous_a artery_n and_o it_o be_v large_a because_o it_o be_v the_o receptacle_n of_o gross_a blood_n the_o latter_a be_v the_o less_o because_o it_o contain_v air_n 15._o the_o chief_a use_n of_o those_o auriculars_n be_v first_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a receptacle_n of_o blood_n and_o air_n that_o they_o do_v not_o confuse_o pass_v into_o the_o heart_n and_o so_o to_o suffocate_v the_o heart_n by_o oppression_n second_o lest_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o the_o venous_a artery_n be_v break_v in_o violent_a motion_n for_o they_o have_v great_a force_n in_o draw_v of_o blood_n and_o air_n in_o to_o the_o heart_n 16._o the_o lung_n e_z be_v of_o rare_a part_n light_n and_o spongious_a and_o as_o it_o be_v concrete_v of_o spumou_n blood_n like_o the_o substance_n of_o a_o snail_n seat_v in_o the_o thorax_n fill_v its_o whole_a cavity_n the_o instrument_n of_o breath_n and_o voice_n 17._o and_o although_o it_o be_v but_o one_o in_o body_n yet_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n by_o the_o membrane_n call_v mediastinus_fw-la the_o right_a and_o left_a 18._o either_o part_n consist_v of_o two_o globe_n or_o knot_n the_o one_o superior_a the_o other_o inferior_a often_o discernible_a and_o sometime_o obscure_a 19_o the_o use_n of_o these_o be_v that_o its_o flesh_n or_o substance_n shall_v not_o be_v collaberate_v or_o tire_v but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v more_o active_o move_v and_o that_o the_o heart_n be_v embrace_v on_o every_o side_n 20._o the_o air_n be_v transmit_v into_o the_o lung_n by_o the_o asper-artery_n who_o structure_n be_v constitute_v of_o vein_n cartilage_n membrane_n and_o nerve_n the_o commentary_n a_o diaphragma_n have_v divers_a appellation_n for_o it_o be_v sometime_o derive_v from_o the_o verb_n diaphratto_n that_o be_v to_o fortify_v because_o diaphrattei_n that_o be_v it_o separate_v out_o the_o middle_n and_o low_a belly_n and_o also_o it_o be_v call_v the_o seven_o transverse_n it_o be_v call_v diaphragma_n and_o by_o ancient_a medic_n call_v phrenas_n because_o as_o some_o judge_n by_o its_o inflammation_n the_o mind_n be_v hurt_v it_o be_v use_n be_v noble_a for_o it_o separate_v between_o the_o spiritual_a and_o vital_a bowel_n and_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o lung_n from_o the_o natural_n which_o separation_n aristotle_n think_v to_o be_v make_v by_o nature_n lest_o the_o vapour_n which_o do_v exhale_v from_o meat_n offend_v the_o heart_n in_o which_o the_o soul_n he_o think_v do_v reside_v but_o this_o opinion_n be_v false_a because_o the_o fume_n do_v pass_v by_o the_o oesophagum_fw-la to_o conclude_v the_o diaphragma_n have_v two_o hole_n place_v in_o organ_n ascend_v and_o descend_v again_o it_o help_v expiration_n and_o inspiration_n for_o when_o the_o thorax_n be_v contract_v than_o the_o inspiration_n be_v dilate_v but_o when_o it_o be_v lax_v than_o inspiration_n be_v make_v again_o it_o help_v the_o ejection_n of_o the_o excrement_n by_o its_o motion_n with_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la again_o it_o be_v the_o rise_n of_o the_o organ_n whereby_o it_o pleasant_o affect_v the_o heart_n and_o cause_n laughter_n d_o the_o cover_n which_o defend_v the_o heart_n and_o contain_v it_o in_o its_o seat_n and_o hinder_v it_o lest_o it_o shall_v be_v oppress_v with_o its_o vicine_fw-la member_n be_v call_v capsula_fw-la which_o contain_v also_o a_o certain_a waterish_a humour_n lest_o it_o shall_v 〈◊〉_d and_o dry_a with_o too_o much_o heat_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v hard_a and_o dense_a lest_o it_o shall_v be_v break_v by_o its_o violent_a motion_n its_o substance_n say_v aristotle_n be_v thick_a and_o spiss_v into_o which_o heat_n be_v receive_v strong_o and_o therefore_o its_o temperament_n be_v the_o hot_a of_o all_o the_o member_n it_o be_v endow_v with_o three_o kind_n of_o fibre_n straight_o crooked_a and_o transverse_v that_o it_o may_v both_o draw_v contain_z and_o expel_v now_o aristotle_n think_v these_o fibre_n to_o be_v nerve_n and_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o nerve_n to_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n but_o he_o be_v deceive_v its_o figure_n be_v pyramidal_a but_o not_o absolute_o so_o in_o brute_n but_o it_o be_v more_o flat_a then_o in_o a_o man_n it_o be_v place_v in_o the_o thorax_n as_o the_o safe_a place_n and_o on_o the_o left_a side_n thereof_o c_z this_o be_v the_o shop_n of_o the_o vital_a faculty_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v right_o call_v by_o aristotle_n the_o first_o thing_n that_o live_v and_o â—…he_v last_o that_o die_v by_o its_o perpetual_a motion_n and_o heat_n it_o beget_v vital_a spirit_n for_o when_o it_o be_v dilate_v which_o motion_n be_v call_v diastole_n it_o allure_v unto_o it_o and_o draws_z blood_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o strait_a fibres_fw-fr from_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la by_o the_o venous_a artery_n but_o when_o it_o be_v constringe_v which_o be_v call_v systole_n it_o send_v blood_n from_o the_o right_a ventricle_n into_o the_o lung_n by_o which_o they_o be_v nourish_v and_o that_o by_o the_o venous_a artery_n but_o the_o vital_a spirit_n out_o of_o the_o left_a by_o aorta_n into_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o both_o way_n it_o convert_v into_o vital_a spirit_n by_o attenuate_v the_o pure_a blood_n into_o vapour_n d_o there_o be_v two_o remarkable_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o right_a and_o the_o left_a between_o these_o there_o be_v a_o partition_n which_o distinguish_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o which_o whereas_o it_o be_v crass_a and_o firm_a it_o be_v not_o right_o call_v by_o aristotle_n the_o three_o side_n or_o belly_n but_o lest_o that_o the_o passage_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v make_v by_o this_o it_o send_v out_o blood_n into_o another_o ventricle_n by_o narrow_a pore_n e_z the_o lung_n be_v call_v by_o the_o greek_n pneumon_a a_o pneo_fw-la which_o be_v to_o breath_n because_o it_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o breathe_v therefore_o the_o lung_n ought_v to_o consist_v of_o such_o a_o substance_n that_o it_o may_v be_v fill_v and_o distend_v with_o air_n like_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o the_o primary_n cause_n of_o which_o action_n be_v its_o proper_a substance_n which_o help_v the_o motion_n thereof_o for_o when_o it_o be_v dilate_v it_o draw_v air_n and_o by_o the_o venal_a artery_n carry_v it_o to_o the_o heart_n by_o which_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v allay_v and_o the_o vital_a spirit_n as_o with_o food_n thereby_o cherish_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o lung_n resemble_v the_o hoof_n of_o a_o ox_n which_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la into_o two_o part_n it_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o voice_n which_o i_o prove_v because_o no_o animal_n have_v a_o voice_n that_o have_v not_o a_o lung_n there_o be_v some_o that_o say_v that_o there_o be_v two_o lung_n but_o true_o it_o be_v but_o one_o divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o right_a and_o the_o left_a and_o again_o both_o the_o part_n consist_v of_o two_o globe_n the_o one_o superior_a the_o other_o inferior_a sometime_o see_v open_a and_o sometime_o shut_v the_o use_n thereof_o be_v that_o it_o may_v be_v move_v more_o nimble_o and_o so_o amplex_fw-la the_o heart_n more_o easy_o chap._n 13._o of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o animal_n faculty_n 1._o we_o have_v speak_v sufficient_o of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o middle_a belly_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o supreme_a region_n serve_v the_o animal_n faculty_n and_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v â—…ontained_v in_o the_o brain_n 2._o the_o brain_n a_o be_v a_o soft_a part_n white_z and_o medullous_a fabricate_v of_o pure_a seed_n and_o spirit_n involve_v as_o it_o be_v in_o fold_n compass_v about_o with_o a_o thin_a skin_n and_o contain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o principle_n of_o the_o animal_n faculty_n etc._n etc._n 3._o and_o this_o be_v the_o high_a of_o all_o the_o bowel_n and_o the_o next_o to_o heaven_n this_o be_v the_o tower_n of_o the_o sense_n the_o high_a pinnacle_n the_o regiment_n of_o the_o mind_n 4._o for_o the_o
and_o nourish_v with_o humidity_n and_o new_a always_o substitute_v in_o the_o place_n of_o that_o which_o be_v absume_v for_o i_o do_v not_o see_v why_o if_o radical_a humidity_n be_v want_v that_o death_n shall_v follow_v but_o answer_n may_v be_v make_v that_o the_o privation_n or_o defect_n of_o the_o radical_a humour_n depend_v upon_o the_o impotency_n of_o heat_n for_o whatsoever_o suffice_v in_o the_o place_n of_o its_o native_a humour_n that_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v change_v by_o the_o help_n of_o heat_n which_o as_o scaliger_n think_v be_v alter_v and_o grow_v feeble_a by_o use_n and_o diuturnity_n of_o time_n therefore_o what_o accedes_fw-la of_o aliment_n be_v more_o worse_a and_o impure_a then_o that_o which_o decedes_fw-la therefore_o heat_n destitute_a of_o idoneous_a aliment_n be_v dissipate_v and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o man_n necessary_o must_v die_v chap._n 8._o of_o spirit_n 1._o hitherto_o of_o humour_n so_o call_v now_o we_o shall_v handle_v the_o doctrine_n of_o spirit_n they_o be_v call_v a_o spirit_n because_o they_o fly_v away_o by_o their_o subtle_a and_o aereal_a tenuity_n which_o after_o a_o certain_a manner_n respondes_fw-la to_o the_o nature_n of_o spirit_n indeed_o 2._o but_o here_o the_o word_n spirit_n be_v take_v b_o for_o a_o very_a small_a or_o thin_a substance_n aereal_a and_o vaporous_a the_o first_o instrument_n of_o life_n as_o to_o the_o performance_n of_o action_n 3._o here_o its_o essence_n be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v ethereal_a and_o celestial_a but_o in_o a_o manner_n elementary_a first_o because_o such_o like_a spirit_n be_v what_o like_o their_o matter_n be_v but_o their_o matter_n be_v elementary_a second_o they_o can_v accend_v refrigerate_v increase_n diminish_v and_o extinguish_v but_o the_o celestial_a on_o the_o contrary_a want_v these_o neither_o can_v they_o be_v change_v by_o natural_a cause_n three_o because_o to_o their_o preservation_n the_o inspiration_n of_o the_o air_n be_v necessary_a four_o and_o last_o the_o spirit_n do_v restore_v again_o a_o elementary_a body_n in_o a_o swoon_v fit_a 4._o a_o spirit_n be_v either_o insit_v or_o fix_v or_o influent_a 5._o insit_v which_o be_v ordinary_o c_o complanatus_fw-la be_v a_o aereal_a and_o tender_a substance_n lie_v within_o several_a solid_a member_n and_o procreate_v of_o the_o genital_a seed_n from_o the_o governess_n faculty_n of_o the_o principal_a part_n the_o first_o and_o proximate_a seat_n of_o native_a heat_n and_o a_o certain_a faculty_n as_o it_o be_v the_o band_n of_o unition_n of_o the_o soul_n with_o the_o body_n 6._o of_o this_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v so_o many_o difference_n as_o there_o be_v nature_n and_o temperament_n of_o part_n if_o it_o may_v be_v accommodate_v to_o these_o and_o attemperate_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o part_n 7._o the_o influent_a be_v that_o which_o be_v implant_v and_o lest_o it_o shall_v dissolve_v and_o vanish_v it_o remain_v fix_v 8._o and_o here_o it_o be_v threefold_a natural_a vital_a and_o animal_n 9_o and_o as_o in_o man_n body_n first_o there_o be_v three_o virtue_n natural_a vital_a and_o animal_n second_o so_o also_o there_o be_v three_o principal_a bowel_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o the_o liver_n heart_n and_o brain_n three_o three_o organ_n also_o administer_a to_o these_o the_o vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n so_o there_o be_v so_o many_o spirit_n distinct_a in_o species_n and_o form_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o chariot_n of_o strength_n 10._o the_o natural_a be_v d_o a_o thin_a vapour_n procreate_v in_o the_o liver_n of_o the_o pure_a part_n of_o blood_n and_o thence_o diffuse_v by_o the_o vein_n into_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o body_n to_o absolve_v all_o natural_a action_n 11._o concern_v this_o many_o great_a question_n be_v make_v some_o do_v expunge_v it_o from_o the_o catalogue_n of_o spirit_n first_o because_o it_o take_v its_o natural_a faculty_n from_o the_o liver_n second_o that_o it_o do_v renew_v the_o same_o faculty_n insit_v from_o every_o part_n three_o and_o by_o this_o spirit_n or_o captain_n the_o gross_a blood_n be_v carry_v to_o distant_a part_n 12._o the_o vital_a spirit_n e_z be_v a_o thin_a halite_a vapour_n or_o breath_n beget_v of_o inspirated_a air_n and_o natural_a spirit_n carry_v to_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o so_o run_v by_o the_o artery_n over_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o so_o supply_v the_o vivifical_a strength_n unto_o they_o 13._o all_o the_o ancient_a neoteric_o do_v conclude_v this_o to_o be_v co-act_a when_o it_o be_v chief_o necessary_a to_o life_n for_o as_o plato_n do_v affirm_v if_o the_o sun_n shall_v quiesce_v one_o moment_n the_o whole_a world_n will_v perish_v because_o it_o excite_v spirit_n and_o heat_n by_o its_o motion_n so_o here_o if_o the_o spirit_n be_v prohibit_v forthwith_o the_o animal_n perish_v 14._o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v f_o a_o pure_a halite_n beget_v of_o a_o portion_n of_o vital_a spirit_n carry_v to_o the_o brain_n and_o insit_v in_o its_o faculty_n diffuse_v by_o the_o nerve_n into_o the_o body_n that_o it_o may_v incite_v it_o to_o motion_n sense_n and_o all_o animal_n action_n 15._o this_o as_o it_o please_v some_o do_v not_o differ_v from_o the_o vital_a in_o kind_n and_o nature_n because_o they_o maintain_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o universal_a spirit_n but_o as_o aliment_n do_v take_v a_o new_a form_n by_o a_o new_a coction_n and_o thence_o a_o new_a denomination_n so_o that_o first_o there_o be_v divers_a organ_n second_o divers_a faculty_n three_o divers_a manner_n of_o generation_n so_o also_o this_o spirit_n be_v diverse_a from_o the_o rest_n in_o species_n the_o commentary_n a_o by_o spirit_n here_o we_o understand_v not_o a_o incorporeal_a substance_n or_o the_o intellect_n of_o man_n which_o be_v right_o call_v by_o the_o philosopher_n a_o spirit_n which_o scaliger_n otherwise_o a_o man_n very_o learn_v dothseem_v to_o dissent_v from_o for_o he_o speak_v theological_o and_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v as_o speak_v of_o a_o incorporate_a substance_n but_o by_o spirit_n we_o mean_v a_o thin_a and_o subtle_a body_n b_o because_o nature_n be_v not_o wont_a to_o copulate_v one_o contrary_a to_o another_o unless_o it_o be_v with_o some_o medium_n not_o unlike_o a_o band_n for_o mortal_a and_o immortal_a do_v differ_v more_o then_o in_o kind_n and_o therefore_o a_o incorporate_a be_v be_v not_o consentaneous_a to_o a_o brittle_a body_n and_o immortality_n can_v be_v unite_v to_o the_o intellect_n of_o man_n without_o the_o concurrence_n of_o a_o medium_n and_o this_o be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o spirit_n which_o do_v bring_v mortality_n to_o the_o body_n have_v a_o thin_a and_o tender_a substance_n as_o it_o be_v accede_v to_o the_o intellect_n the_o medium_n between_o both_o be_v nature_n and_o this_o spirit_n be_v not_o void_a of_o a_o body_n but_o beget_v of_o the_o element_n which_o be_v in_o the_o seed_n and_o it_o be_v most_o elaborate_a near_o accede_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o celestial_a spirit_n and_o most_o thin_a that_o it_o may_v fly_v all_o sense_n very_o apt_a to_o pass_v by_o a_o incredible_a celerity_n for_o it_o pass_v over_o the_o whole_a body_n with_o a_o great_a celerity_n that_o it_o may_v give_v motion_n sense_n and_o strength_n to_o its_o part_n and_o perform_v other_o function_n of_o the_o soul._n d_o concern_v this_o spirit_n many_o great_a question_n be_v agitate_a some_o do-banish_a it_o from_o the_o catalogue_n of_o spirit_n move_v thereto_o by_o these_o argument_n first_o because_o there_o be_v no_o use_n nor_o necessity_n for_o it_o we_o answer_v its_o use_n be_v great_a for_o first_o of_o all_o it_o be_v the_o chariot_n of_o aliment_n for_o the_o humour_n get_v in_o the_o liver_n can_v scarce_o penetrate_v of_o themselves_o through_o the_o narrow_a passage_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o crassitude_n nor_o can_v they_o well_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o slowness_n of_o their_o motion_n furthermore_o this_o spirit_n take_v its_o natural_a faculty_n from_o the_o liver_n who_o work_n be_v to_o attract_v retain_v and_o concoct_v familiar_a aliment_n to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o by_o a_o certain_a force_n do_v expel_v the_o excrement_n second_o they_o will_v have_v no_o place_n to_o be_v give_v by_o nature_n proper_a for_o this_o spirit_n we_o answer_v the_o liver_n be_v its_o fountain_n and_o principle_n as_o the_o heart_n of_o life_n and_o the_o brain_n of_o the_o soul._n three_o they_o allege_v that_o this_o spirit_n do_v not_o lead_v any_o thing_n to_o any_o part_n or_o carry_v any_o thing_n thereunto_o but_o we_o say_v that_o as_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v carry_v by_o the_o nerve_n the_o vital_a by_o the_o artery_n so_o the_o natural_a spirit_n be_v carry_v by_o the_o vein_n together_o with_o the_o
convey_v away_o of_o excrement_n and_o like_a as_o there_o be_v three_o concoction_n in_o our_o body_n so_o there_o be_v three_o excrement_n and_o three_o kind_n of_o vessel_n institute_v for_o these_o in_o the_o second_o species_n of_o concoction_n these_o excrement_n be_v generate_v one_o somewhat_o heavy_a answer_v to_o secy_n to_o wit_n melancholy_a juice_n another_o somewhat_o light_a and_o more_o of_o air_n like_a to_o flour_v to_o wit_n yellow_a choler_n the_o three_o watery_a and_o serous_a now_o every_o one_o of_o these_o have_v distinct_a receptacle_n and_o because_o choler_n be_v expurged_a first_o of_o all_o therefore_o its_o receptacle_n be_v nigh_o to_o the_o liver_n and_o concern_v these_o vessel_n we_o have_v before_o treat_v the_o use_n of_o this_o vessel_n the_o gall_n gather_v therein_o do_v show_v and_o the_o cause_n be_v expound_v why_o there_o be_v no_o branch_n carry_v into_o the_o ventricle_n from_o this_o vessel_n the_o figure_n of_o this_o vessel_n be_v long_o and_o round_o after_o the_o form_n of_o a_o pear_n its_o substance_n be_v membranous_a that_o it_o may_v according_o be_v fill_v or_o empty_v contract_v or_o dilate_a it_o have_v one_o thick_a and_o proper_a tunicle_n yet_o notwithstanding_o context_v of_o a_o treble_a kind_n of_o fibre_n within_o it_o the_o fibre_n be_v straight_o whereby_o it_o allure_v choler_n into_o it_o and_o they_o be_v somewhat_o crooked_a by_o which_o it_o retain_v it_o but_o without_o they_o be_v transverse_a by_o which_o it_o protrude_v it_o the_o use_n of_o this_o vessel_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v to_o receive_v choler_n and_o if_o it_o be_v carry_v over_o the_o whole_a body_n it_o offend_v because_o it_o be_v endow_v with_o a_o fiery_a virtue_n for_o it_o hinder_v nutrition_n and_o inflame_v the_o body_n much_o why_o gall_n be_v gather_v into_o this_o vessel_n be_v upon_o a_o double_a necessity_n first_o that_o it_o may_v heat_v the_o liver_n and_o hinder_v putrefaction_n it_o calefy_v the_o liver_n because_o its_o humour_n be_v more_o hot_a and_o sharp_a than_o blood_n it_o hinder_v putrefaction_n because_o it_o take_v away_o the_o abundant_a humidity_n of_o the_o sharp_a humour_n second_o that_o it_o may_v drive_v out_o of_o the_o ventricle_n the_o chyle_n into_o the_o intestine_n together_o with_o its_o superfluity_n n_o the_o spleen_n be_v a_o terrestrial_a member_n because_o it_o attract_v by_o a_o certain_a symbol_n to_o itself_o the_o terrestrial_a part_n of_o blood_n in_o man_n its_o flesh_n be_v obscure_a but_o in_o hog_n it_o have_v a_o white_a colour_n but_o in_o dog_n a_o more_o splendid_a redness_n than_o the_o liver_n it_o be_v lax_n and_o spungeous_a that_o it_o may_v the_o better_o receive_v the_o feculent_a and_o gross_a humour_n into_o itself_o and_o that_o it_o may_v not_o quick_o delabe_n out_o of_o it_o but_o continue_v long_o in_o it_o that_o it_o may_v be_v make_v more_o apt_a for_o its_o nature_n and_o so_o be_v nourish_v by_o its_o better_a part_n o_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o reins_o be_v hard_a and_o dense_a like_a to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o humour_n thereof_o be_v thin_a and_o therefore_o with_o more_o difficulty_n attract_v when_o the_o humour_n here_o be_v very_o waterish_a it_o can_v be_v expurged_a with_o a_o convenient_a celerity_n from_o one_o rein_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v two_o which_o be_v place_v near_o the_o spina_fw-la dorsi_fw-la at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o loin_n the_o right_a part_n thereof_o in_o a_o man_n be_v under_o the_o liver_n the_o left_a under_o the_o spleen_n the_o emulgent_a vein_n and_o ureteres_fw-la serve_v to_o evacuate_v the_o serous_a humidity_n to_o the_o reins_o p_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bladder_n be_v nervous_a and_o membranous_a that_o it_o may_v more_o commodious_o be_v extend_v &_o corrugate_v when_o it_o be_v full_a or_o empty_a and_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v extend_v lest_o the_o water_n flow_v out_o at_o unseasonable_a time_n but_o contain_v a_o moderate_a quantity_n thereof_o it_o have_v two_o tunicle_n the_o one_o proper_a and_o internal_a who_o substance_n be_v densen_v and_o firm_a lest_o it_o shall_v be_v erode_v by_o the_o homour_n of_o the_o air_n and_o this_o be_v interweave_v with_o fibre_n within_o strait_a and_o without_o transverse_n which_o be_v for_o the_o attraction_n retention_n and_o expulsion_n of_o urine_n the_o other_o be_v a_o exterior_a tunicle_n improper_o so_o call_v and_o have_v its_o rise_n from_o the_o peritoneum_fw-la it_o have_v a_o fleshy_a neck_n have_v a_o muscle_n whereby_o it_o be_v constringe_v that_o it_o may_v hinder_v a_o involuntary_a flux_n of_o the_o urine_n q_o the_o stone_n in_o both_o sex_n be_v make_v for_o the_o engender_v of_o seed_n therefore_o the_o substance_n of_o they_o be_v glandulous_a white_a and_o soft_a that_o such_o a_o seed_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o require_a similitude_n between_o the_o generate_a and_o that_o which_o be_v generate_v but_o it_o be_v make_v crass_a and_o in_o colour_n white_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o exquisite_a coction_n make_v by_o the_o interior_a heat_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o stone_n as_o the_o menstruum_fw-la of_o the_o dug_n be_v convert_v into_o milk_n and_o dealbate_v so_o the_o stone_n do_v make_v blood_n prepare_v in_o the_o spermatick_a vessel_n by_o coction_n perfect_a seed_n which_o become_v idoneous_a for_o generation_n r_z they_o be_v call_v parastatae_n for_o their_o similitude_n for_o parastatae_n signify_v certain_a fold_n gather_v within_o themselves_o saint_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o yard_n of_o a_o man_n be_v spongious_a and_o rare_a that_o it_o may_v be_v both_o erect_v and_o flank_n stiff_a and_o soft_a but_o in_o other_o animal_n it_o be_v bony_a as_o in_o a_o wolf_n dog_n or_o sea-fox_n but_o if_o it_o be_v bony_a in_o a_o man_n it_o will_v be_v a_o impediment_n in_o the_o main_a business_n chap._n 12._o of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o middle_a belly_n serve_v the_o vital_a faculty_n 1._o have_v expound_v the_o natural_a member_n of_o the_o low_a region_n we_o proceed_v to_o the_o part_n of_o the_o middle_a cavity_n which_o be_v call_v vital_n and_o they_o be_v place_v in_o the_o thorax_n and_o they_o be_v the_o heart_n and_o the_o lung_n 2._o but_o these_o organ_n be_v distinguish_v from_o natural_n by_o a_o certain_a partition-wall_n which_o they_o call_v diaphragma_n 3._o and_o the_o a_o diaphragma_n be_v a_o round_a pannicle_n consist_v of_o flesh_n nerve_n and_o membrane_n go_v cross_a to_o the_o side_n and_o tie_v to_o the_o back_n the_o twelve_o joint_n divide_v the_o natural_a member_n from_o the_o vital_n 4._o a_o certain_a thin_a membrane_n call_v pleura_fw-la do_v succinge_v and_o embrace_v all_o the_o part_n contain_v in_o the_o thorax_n 5._o now_o the_o heart_n be_v b_o a_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o middle_a belly_n consist_v of_o hard_a dense_a and_o solid_a flesh_n weave_v with_o a_o treble_a kind_n of_o string_n of_o a_o pyramidal_a form_n not_o unlike_a to_o a_o pine-nut_n and_o it_o be_v the_o house_n of_o the_o vital_a faculty_n 6._o for_o it_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o c_o life_n the_o fountain_n of_o heat_n and_o nectar_n of_o life_n the_o rhisoma_n or_o the_o spring_n head_n of_o the_o artery_n the_o primum_fw-la mobile_a of_o the_o pulse_n and_o respiration_n which_o be_v â—…ively_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v lively_a â—…f_o faint_a all_o the_o part_n be_v faint_a and_o if_o it_o perish_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o â—…ody_n perish_v 7._o and_o although_o the_o heart_n be_v â—…ut_o one_o in_o all_o animal_n yet_o it_o may_v â—…e_v divide_v d_o into_o two_o part_n the_o â—…ight_n and_o the_o left_a 8._o the_o right_n resemble_v the_o form_n of_o the_o moon_n increase_v and_o it_o receive_v blood_n from_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la flow_v into_o it_o and_o prepare_v it_o and_o make_v it_o more_o perfect_a and_o so_o distribute_v it_o partly_o into_o the_o lung_n for_o their_o nutrition_n and_o partly_o into_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o heart_n by_o passage_n not_o altogether_o occult_a and_o as_o it_o be_v with_o the_o matter_n of_o vital_a matter_n 9_o the_o left_a have_v the_o form_n of_o the_o crest_n of_o a_o helmet_n and_o be_v more_o overwhelm_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o heart_n contain_v the_o vital_a spirit_n beget_v of_o pure_a blood_n distribute_v by_o the_o artery_n aorta_fw-mi into_o the_o body_n and_o again_o receive_v the_o air_n out_o of_o the_o lung_n by_o the_o venous_a artery_n 10._o and_o both_o these_o side_n have_v their_o vessel_n two_o whereof_o appear_v in_o the_o right_a side_n and_o so_o many_o in_o the_o left_a 11._o in_o the_o right_a indeed_o there_o be_v two_o vein_n the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o the_o vena_fw-la arteriosa_fw-la in_o the_o leave_v there_o be_v two_o artery_n the_o great_a artery_n and_o the_o venous_a artery_n 12._o there_o
nourish_v and_o it_o be_v call_v exerementitious_a blood_n to_o difference_n it_o from_o the_o seminal_a excrement_n and_o it_o be_v a_o excrement_n of_o the_o second_o concoction_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o liver_n and_o vein_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o it_o have_v a_o red_a colour_n furthermore_o that_o matter_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o vein_n and_o expurged_a by_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o womb_n be_v this_o superfluous_a blood_n and_o excrement_n of_o the_o second_o coction_n for_o whereas_o the_o body_n of_o woman_n be_v more_o cold_a than_o man_n they_o can_v make_v perfect_a their_o last_o aliment_n nor_o convert_v it_o into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o body_n to_o be_v nourish_v whereupon_o that_o which_o be_v above_o and_o can_v be_v convert_v by_o little_a and_o little_a be_v thence_o convey_v to_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o womb_n where_o it_o gather_v together_o into_o one_o place_n and_o what_o of_o it_o can_v be_v sustain_v by_o nature_n be_v expel_v it_o be_v use_n be_v necessary_a for_o as_o it_o help_v conception_n so_o it_o nourish_v the_o young_a but_o here_o a_o question_n will_v arise_v how_o the_o young_a whilst_o it_o be_v conceive_v and_o frame_v in_o 〈◊〉_d â—…omb_n be_v get_v &_o nourish_v by_o this_o same_o blood_n when_o it_o be_v endow_v with_o a_o bad_a quality_n and_o put_v forth_o many_o ill_a affection_n i_o answer_v this_o blood_n be_v not_o always_o so_o bad_a as_o be_v imagine_v for_o those_o woman_n who_o body_n be_v temperate_a their_o blood_n also_o must_v needs_o be_v temperate_a and_o when_o the_o body_n be_v vicious_a the_o blood_n also_o must_v needs_o be_v infect_v but_o again_o this_o pravity_n in_o woman_n be_v purge_v away_o every_o month_n and_o in_o they_o it_o be_v otherwise_o then_o in_o those_o who_o keep_v their_o term_n beyond_o their_o accustom_a time_n the_o former_a have_v no_o noxious_a quality_n in_o it_o as_o to_o hurt_v what_o be_v generate_v of_o it_o which_o need_v not_o seem_v strange_a but_o if_o the_o same_o blood_n be_v not_o evacuate_v at_o its_o accustom_a time_n but_o retain_v it_o will_v stir_v up_o and_o cause_v many_o bad_a affection_n as_o the_o suffocation_n of_o the_o matrix_fw-la 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o like_a but_o now_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v in_o a_o woman_n that_o have_v milk_n in_o her_o breast_n it_o be_v otherwise_o for_o then_o blood_n be_v conflate_v of_o a_o treble_a substance_n for_o then_o the_o alimentary_a or_o pure_a portion_n of_o it_o go_v to_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o young_a and_o part_v somewhat_o impure_a go_v to_o the_o breast_n and_o convert_v to_o milk_n and_o the_o worst_a of_o all_o be_v contain_v as_o excrement_n in_o the_o tunicle_n where_o the_o young_a be_v enroll_v which_o be_v evacuate_v at_o the_o woman_n delivery_n e_z after_o the_o seed_n of_o both_o sex_n together_o with_o the_o menstruous_a blood_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o womb_n it_o close_v up_o and_o the_o seed_n therein_o contain_v be_v cherish_v by_o its_o heat_n and_o begin_v to_o act_v the_o spiritual_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n pass_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o begin_v the_o formation_n and_o of_o the_o crass_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n the_o spermatick_a part_n be_v engender_v and_o of_o the_o menstruous_a the_o sanguineous_a part_n f_o the_o note_n of_o conception_n be_v these_o the_o close_a shut_v up_o of_o the_o womb_n a_o kind_n of_o tremble_v and_o tickle_v over_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o after_o that_o a_o exceed_a refrigeration_n loss_n of_o stomach_n nauseat_v of_o victual_n vomit_n etc._n etc._n g_z generation_n be_v make_v by_o the_o mutation_n of_o the_o power_n into_o the_o act_n and_o a_o artificial_a composition_n of_o many_o existent_n in_o the_o act_n the_o soul_n be_v the_o act_n of_o a_o organical_a body_n but_o the_o seed_n be_v not_o the_o organ_n therefore_o not_o the_o animate_v then_o the_o power_n above_o will_v be_v the_o animate_v for_o as_o the_o sun_n not_o hot_a do_v calefie_v the_o whetstone_n not_o sharp_a yet_o do_v sharpen_v so_o also_o the_o seed_n may_v animate_v that_o be_v the_o young_a be_v animate_v by_o the_o seed_n although_o there_o be_v no_o soul_n or_o life_n in_o it_o ay_o it_o be_v a_o great_a and_o difficult_a dispute_n among_o physician_n and_o philosopher_n in_o what_o order_n the_o part_n of_o the_o young_a be_v frame_v some_o think_v the_o liver_n first_o to_o be_v generate_v other_o the_o heart_n which_o they_o say_v be_v the_o first_o that_o live_v and_o the_o last_o that_o die_v in_o this_o controversy_n we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o neither_o the_o liver_n nor_o the_o heart_n nor_o any_o other_o principal_a member_n nor_o umbilical_a vessel_n be_v generate_v first_o as_o divers_z have_v judge_v â—…everal_a manner_n of_o way_n but_o that_o all_o be_v inchoated_a in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o moment_n and_o that_o for_o this_o subsequent_a reason_n the_o vital_a spirit_n which_o be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o generation_n and_o the_o internal_a natural_a agent_n not_o the_o external_a voluntary_a have_v the_o whole_a formatrix_fw-la faculty_n in_o every_o part_n where_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o matter_n fit_o disposit_v it_o must_v necessary_o act_v secundum_fw-la potentias_fw-la and_o therefore_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v produce_v by_o it_o at_o once_o this_o experience_n confirm_v by_o those_o who_o have_v miscarry_v in_o ten_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o day_n after_o conception_n when_o the_o whole_a substance_n have_v not_o exceed_v the_o bigness_n a_o grain_n of_o barley_n a_o bee_n or_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o bean_n yet_o all_o its_o bowel_n be_v form_v as_o some_o late_a anatomist_n have_v observe_v chap._n 16._o de_fw-fr zoophytis_n or_o of_o thing_n that_o be_v partly_o animal_n and_o partly_o plant_n 1._o hitherto_o we_o have_v illustrate_v the_o first_o species_n of_o nature_n aisthetice_n to_o wit_n a_o animal_n the_o other_o which_o remain_v to_o be_v explain_v be_v part_n plant_n and_o part_n animal_n 2._o and_o these_o zoophyta_n be_v corporeal_a nature_n endow_v only_o with_o certain_a sense_n contract_v and_o dilate_v themselves_o by_o motion_n 3._o whence_o hermolaus_n barbarus_fw-la call_v they_o plantanimalia_n budaeus_fw-la term_n they_o plantanimes_o because_o they_o have_v a_o middle_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o three_o nature_n between_o plant_n and_o animal_n 4._o whereas_o they_o have_v a_o certain_a sense_n with_o animal_n hence_o they_o dilate_v themselves_o pleasant_o to_o such_o thing_n as_o they_o attract_v and_o affect_v but_o contract_v themselves_o if_o prick_v or_o offend_v 5._o but_o in_o the_o effigy_n of_o the_o body_n they_o come_v near_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o plant_n 6._o their_o form_n differ_v according_a to_o their_o great_a or_o lesser_a virtue_n of_o feeling_n all_o of_o they_o adhere_v to_o rock_n sand_n or_o mud_n of_o which_o sort_n be_v these_o holothuria_n stella_fw-la marina_fw-la pulmo_fw-la marinus_fw-la uâ—…tica_fw-la spongiae_fw-la 7._o to_o these_o may_v be_v add_v that_o tree_n which_o grow_v in_o the_o province_n of_o pudifetanea_n to_o which_o if_o a_o man_n draw_v nigh_o it_o will_v gather_v in_o its_o bough_n as_o though_o it_o be_v ashamed_a and_o when_o he_o be_v go_v spread_v they_o abroad_o for_o which_o cause_n the_o inhabitant_n thereabouts_o have_v nominate_v it_o the_o chaste_a tree_n scaliger_n exer._n 181._o sect._n 28._o finis_fw-la a_o advertisement_n to_o the_o reader_n there_o be_v now_o in_o the_o press_n that_o excellent_a piece_n entitle_v natural_a magic_n in_o twenty_o book_n by_o john_n baptist_n porta_n a_o neopolitan_a enlarge_v by_o the_o author_n himself_o and_o clear_v from_o divers_a error_n wherewith_o the_o former_a edition_n be_v taint_v in_o which_o all_o the_o riches_n and_o delight_n of_o the_o natural_a science_n be_v set_v forth_o careful_o translate_v from_o the_o latin_a and_o render_v into_o english_a by_o a_o worthy_a hand_n the_o book_n of_o natural_a magic_n be_v these_o 1_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o wonderful_a thing_n 2_o of_o the_o generation_n of_o divers_a animal_n 3_o of_o the_o production_n of_o new_a plant_n 4_o of_o increase_a householdstuff_n 5_o of_o change_a metal_n 6_o of_o counterfeit_v precious_a stone_n 7_o of_o the_o wonder_n of_o the_o loadstone_n 8_o of_o strange_a cure_n 9_o of_o beautify_v of_o woman_n 10_o of_o extract_a essence_n 11_o of_o perfume_a 12_o of_o artificial_a fire_n 13_o of_o the_o most_o rare_a temper_v of_o steel_n 14_o of_o cookery_n 15_o of_o hunt_v 16_o of_o invisible_a write_n 17_o of_o strange_a glass_n 18_o of_o staticks_n experiment_n 19_o of_o pneumatick_a experiment_n 20._o chaos_n
other_o and_o do_v knit_v the_o bone_n of_o the_o forehead_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n 9_o the_o second_o be_v call_v sagittalis_n which_o go_v along_o the_o head_n and_o do_v knit_v the_o two_o bone_n of_o the_o crown_n 10._o the_o three_o do_v ascend_v from_o the_o posterior_n part_n of_o one_o ear_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o sagittal_n suture_a and_o again_o deflect_v to_o the_o other_o ear_n in_o the_o form_n of_o the_o letter_n a_o and_o do_v knit_v the_o bone_n of_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n 11._o thus_o much_o for_o the_o skull_n now_o for_o the_o face_n which_o be_v call_v that_o whole_a in_o a_o man_n which_o be_v under_o the_o forehead_n or_o as_o aristotle_n say_v that_o interior_a part_n which_o be_v under_o the_o skull_n 12._o this_o do_v comprehend_v the_o eye_n ear_n nose_n cheek_n and_o mouth_n 13._o the_o eye_n be_v no_o other_o thing_n than_o the_o organ_n of_o sight_n consist_v of_o tunicle_n and_o humour_n 14._o and_o because_o it_o ought_v to_o receive_v the_o several_a species_n of_o light_n and_o colour_n therefore_o it_o be_v form_v of_o pellucid_a matter_n 15._o the_o tunicle_n of_o the_o eye_n beside_o the_o white_a which_o arise_v from_o the_o peritoneum_fw-la do_v join_v the_o eye_n to_o the_o head_n whence_o it_o be_v call_v conjunctiva_fw-la and_o adnata_fw-la be_v four_o first_o the_o horny_a tunicle_n which_o be_v clear_a shine_v like_a to_o a_o horn_n second_o the_o uvea_o which_o be_v like_a to_o the_o husk_n of_o a_o grape_n and_o it_o adhere_v to_o the_o horny_a tunicle_n embrace_v the_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n three_o the_o retina_fw-la or_o tunicle_n resemble_v a_o net_n which_o be_v of_o the_o substance_n itself_o of_o the_o visive_a nerve_n bring_v a_o animal_n spirit_n to_o the_o eye_n and_o again_o the_o idea_n of_o the_o object_n to_o the_o brain_n four_o the_o aranea_fw-la or_o like_v to_o sand_n contain_v the_o crystalline_a humour_n and_o separate_v it_o from_o the_o white_a 16._o the_o humour_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v three_o first_o the_o watery_a humour_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o gather_n of_o resemblance_n second_o the_o glassy_a humour_n for_o the_o form_n of_o those_o idea_n 17._o the_o ear_n be_v a_o organical_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o instrument_n of_o hear_v 18._o it_o be_v nature_n be_v compound_v of_o divers_a part_n very_o artificious_o of_o nerve_n membrane_n bone_n cartilege_n which_o gather_v sound_n and_o so_o according_o alter_v they_o 19_o its_o bone_n be_v first_o malleus_fw-la second_o incus_fw-la three_o stape_n of_o who_o colision_n sound_n be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v 20._o the_o nose_n be_v a_o organical_a part_n place_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o face_n the_o instrument_n of_o respiration_n and_o smell_v 21._o it_o be_v part_n be_v either_o superior_a or_o inferior_a 22._o the_o superior_a be_v the_o bony_a part_n which_o be_v immovable_a and_o this_o the_o inferior_a part_n the_o exteor_n be_v the_o back_n of_o the_o nose_n 23._o the_o inferior_a part_n be_v movable_a which_o be_v the_o end_n be_v round_o divide_v into_o part_n consist_v of_o muscle_n 24._o a_o cheek_n be_v nothing_o else_o then_o the_o superior_a part_n of_o the_o jaw_n and_o the_o inferior_a 25._o the_o superior_a cheek_n be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o face_n next_o to_o the_o front_n from_o both_o the_o ear_n to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o jaw_n 26._o the_o inferior_a be_v the_o movable_a part_n of_o the_o face_n contain_v the_o tooth_n 27._o the_o whole_a mouth_n be_v call_v that_o space_n which_o be_v between_o the_o lip_n and_o the_o jaw_n in_o which_o be_v contain_v the_o tooth_n the_o tongue_n the_o palate_n and_o throat-pipe_n 28._o the_o tooth_n be_v a_o the_o hard_a of_o all_o bone_n hollow_a within_o endow_v with_o vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n ordain_v for_o to_o soften_v and_o prepare_v meat_n for_o the_o stomach_n 29._o those_o be_v in_o number_n thirty_o twenty_o whereof_o be_v account_v cheek-teeth_n eight_o cut_v which_o be_v the_o foremost_a and_o four_o eye-teeth_n in_o either_o jaw_n two_o 30._o the_o tongue_n be_v b_o a_o carneous_a part_n rare_a and_o lax_n the_o organ_n of_o taste_n and_o speech_n 31._o the_o palate_n be_v the_o superior_a part_n of_o the_o mouth_n a_o little_a concavate_v bore_v through_o with_o many_o hole_n by_o which_o phlegm_n do_v ascend_v from_o the_o brain_n into_o the_o mouth_n 32._o the_o throat-pipe_n c_o be_v fungous_a flesh_n long_o hang_v from_o the_o palate_n to_o the_o mouth_n conduce_v to_o the_o modul_n of_o voice_n in_o a_o man_n 33._o truncus_fw-la be_v the_o whole_a body_n with_o head_n arms_z or_o leg_n 34._o some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v anterior_a and_o some_o posterior_n 35._o the_o anterior_a again_o be_v either_o superior_a and_o that_o be_v call_v the_o thorax_n or_o inferior_a that_o be_v the_o belly_n 36._o the_o thorax_n d_o or_o breast_n be_v the_o anterior_a part_n of_o the_o trunk_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o neck_n and_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o vital_a member_n 37._o it_o be_v proper_a part_n be_v either_o soft_a and_o fleshy_a or_o bony_a and_o cartilaginous_a 38._o the_o carnous_a part_n be_v those_o many_o muscle_n place_v in_o the_o thorax_n of_o which_o sort_n be_v all_o the_o muscle_n of_o aspiration_n and_o scapulation_n some_o of_o they_o move_v the_o arm_n 39_o to_o these_o carnous_a part_n belong_v the_o pap_n which_o be_v part_n site_v or_o place_v on_o each_o side_n in_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o breast_n glandulous_a and_o weave_v with_o vein_n and_o artery_n serve_v for_o the_o generation_n of_o milk_n in_o woman_n 40._o for_o these_o part_n for_o their_o rare_a and_o cavernous_a substance_n which_o they_o have_v do_v receive_v into_o they_o menstruous_a blood_n which_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o milk_n which_o afterward_o be_v levigate_v coct_v and_o convert_v into_o a_o white_a liquor_n both_o by_o a_o specifical_a virtue_n of_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o pap_n as_o also_o from_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n whereunto_o it_o be_v near_o 41._o hence_o aristotle_n right_o conclude_v that_o milk_n be_v nothing_o else_o then_o superfluous_a blood_n change_v and_o make_v white_a 42._o the_o bony_a part_n thereof_o be_v threefold_a the_o first_o bone_n be_v call_v sternon_n and_o sethos_n and_o it_o be_v on_o the_o anterior_a part_n in_o which_o the_o rib_n do_v meet_v and_o under_o which_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o ventricle_n do_v lie_v hide_v 43._o the_o cartilaginous_a extremity_n of_o this_o be_v after_o the_o form_n of_o a_o spear_n or_o buckler_n and_o it_o be_v call_v malum_fw-la granatum_fw-la 44._o second_o the_o two_o neck-bone_n which_o be_v call_v cleide_n and_o these_o bone_n be_v twin_n subject_a to_o the_o neck_n decline_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o shoulder_n 45._o the_o thorax_n f_o consist_v of_o twenty_o four_o rib_n twelve_o on_o either_o side_n and_o they_o be_v either_o true_a or_o counterfeit_v 46._o they_o be_v true_a which_o be_v coarticulate_v and_o they_o be_v the_o seven_o superior_a 47._o the_o spurious_a or_o imperfect_a be_v those_o that_o be_v not_o coarticulate_v and_o they_o be_v the_o five_o inferior_a 48._o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o thorax_n be_v portend_v from_o the_o breast_n where_o the_o true_a rib_n end_v backward_o to_o the_o hip_n or_o pubes_fw-la 49._o the_o exterior_a part_n of_o this_o above_o the_o belly_n be_v portend_v to_o the_o go_v down_o of_o the_o spurious_a rib_n and_o be_v call_v spigastrion_n the_o inferior_a proceed_v from_o the_o belly_n even_o to_o the_o hairy_a part_n of_o the_o genitals_o and_o it_o be_v call_v hypogastrion_n 50._o the_o posterior_n part_n of_o the_o trunk_n be_v call_v the_o back_n and_o it_o be_v all_o that_o part_n which_o descend_v from_o the_o neck_n to_o the_o buttock_n 51._o it_o be_v substance_n be_v constitute_v 1._o of_o the_o shoulderblade_v 2._o spina_n dorsi_fw-la 3._o hip_n bone_n 52._o the_o shoulderblade_n be_v two_o bone_n place_v after_o the_o thorax_n in_o the_o back_n inarticulate_v in_o the_o arm_n to_o strengthen_v the_o rib_n and_o for_o the_o implantation_n of_o the_o muscle_n 53._o spina_n dorsi_fw-la be_v no_o other_o thing_n than_o that_o series_n or_o structure_n of_o joint_n extend_v even_o from_o the_o first_o joint_n of_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n to_o the_o low_a call_v â—…cygs_v 34._o there_o be_v in_o number_n of_o these_o joint_n thirty_o four_o seven_z whereof_o be_v of_o the_o neck_n twelve_o of_o the_o thorax_n five_o of_o the_o loin_n six_o of_o the_o sacred_a bone_n four_o of_o the_o ossis_fw-la coccygos_n twenty_o four_o of_o the_o foremost_a be_v right_o name_v joint_n because_o by_o they_o the_o body_n be_v turn_v divers_a way_n the_o rest_n
be_v call_v rather_o by_o similitude_n than_o reality_n 55._o the_o hip-bone_n be_v two_o strong_a bone_n place_v within_o the_o os_fw-la sacrum_fw-la and_o end_v in_o the_o buttock_n 56._o but_o os_fw-la sacrum_fw-la h_n be_v conflate_v of_o many_o bone_n to_o wit_n five_o or_o six_o site_v almost_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o body_n other_o bone_n both_o superior_a and_o inferior_a rest_v upon_o they_o be_v move_v thereby_o 57_o the_o artus_n be_v two_o the_o hand_n and_o foot_n 58._o the_o whole_a hand_n ay_o be_v that_o which_o be_v portend_v from_o the_o shoulderblade_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o finger_n 59_o it_o be_v divide_v by_o hypocrates_n into_o three_o part_n into_o the_o arm_n the_o wrist_n and_o the_o hand_n itself_o 60._o that_o be_v name_v the_o arm_n which_o extend_v from_o the_o shoulder_n to_o the_o elbow_n and_o do_v consist_v of_o one_o great_a bone_n and_o many_o muscle_n seven_a whereof_o do_v govern_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o arm_n and_o four_o govern_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o wrist_n and_o it_o do_v consist_v also_o of_o three_o chief_a vein_n the_o humerary_n axillary_a and_o median_n 61._o the_o wrist_n be_v that_o part_n from_o the_o elbow_n to_o the_o hand_n and_o consist_v of_o two_o bone_n the_o great_a and_o lesser_a whereof_o be_v both_o call_v ulna_fw-la which_o consist_v also_o of_o thirty_o three_o muscle_n prepare_v for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o arm_n and_o hand_n 62._o the_o hand_n reach_v from_o the_o wrist_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o finger_n the_o organ_n of_o apprehension_n 63._o the_o part_n of_o this_o again_o be_v brachial_a postbrachial_a and_o the_o finger_n 64._o the_o brachial_a or_o wrist_n be_v part_n of_o the_o hand_n it_o consist_v of_o eight_o bone_n the_o ligament_n be_v â—…ransverse_a 65._o postbrachial_a be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o hand_n place_v between_o the_o wrist_n and_o the_o finger_n who_o posterior_n be_v articulate_v with_o the_o wrist_n the_o anterior_a with_o the_o finger_n 66._o the_o finger_n be_v in_o number_n five_o every_o one_o consist_v of_o three_o little_a bone_n the_o first_o be_v that_o which_o be_v the_o great_a in_o strength_n and_o magnitude_n and_o be_v call_v pollex_n the_o second_o be_v call_v the_o index_n and_o demonstrator_n the_o three_o the_o middle_n four_a the_o ring-finger_n five_o the_o least_o 67._o the_o foot_n k_o be_v part_n of_o the_o body_n which_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o hip_n the_o organ_n of_o walk_v and_o stand_v 68_o its_o part_n be_v three_o the_o thigh_n the_o shank_n and_o the_o foot_n 69._o the_o thigh_n do_v reach_v from_o the_o hip_n even_o to_o the_o knee_n consist_v of_o a_o bone_n the_o great_a of_o all_o with_o muscle_n and_o glandulous_a flesh_n 70._o the_o knee_n be_v a_o knit_n or_o dearticulation_n of_o the_o thigh_n and_o leg_n who_o anterior_a part_n be_v call_v patella_n and_o posterior_n pople_n 71._o the_o shank_n be_v a_o part_n reach_v from_o the_o knee_n to_o the_o foot_n the_o anterior_a part_n be_v call_v anticnemion_n and_o the_o posterior_n gastrocnemion_n 72._o the_o shank_n do_v consist_v of_o two_o long_a bone_n the_o interior_a and_o great_a be_v call_v tibia_fw-la the_o exterior_a or_o less_o fibula_fw-la 73._o the_o foot_n do_v begin_v at_o the_o end_n thereof_o and_o reach_v to_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o toe_n and_o do_v consist_v of_o thirty_o eight_o bone_n and_o two_o musce_n whereby_o the_o toe_n be_v move_v bend_a and_o extend_v the_o commentary_n a_o tooth_n be_v say_v to_o have_v sense_n by_o the_o communication_n of_o those_o soft_a little_a nerve_n proceed_v from_o the_o three_o rank_n of_o nerve_n because_o those_o tooth_n that_o be_v â—…ormost_a or_o extant_a without_o the_o jaw_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o sense_n but_o those_o that_o be_v cover_v as_o it_o be_v with_o flesh_n in_o the_o jaw_n be_v very_o sensitive_a because_o the_o nerve_n and_o their_o virtue_n be_v extend_v to_o their_o region_n but_o now_o that_o part_n of_o the_o tooth_n which_o appear_v naked_a be_v insensible_a this_o i_o prove_v if_o it_o be_v cut_v file_a break_a or_o burn_v with_o a_o hot_a iron_n it_o be_v not_o sensible_a of_o any_o of_o these_o therefore_o in_o this_o very_a thing_n do_v tooth_n differ_v from_o other_o bone_n because_o the_o tooth_n be_v perpetual_o nourish_v and_o increase_v which_o can_v be_v except_o there_o be_v instrument_n to_o convey_v this_o unto_o they_o but_o other_o bone_n only_o take_v their_o determine_a increment_n b_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v lax_n and_o therefore_o fit_a to_o be_v move_v in_o every_o part_n and_o because_o it_o ought_v to_o judge_v of_o sapour_n therefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v rare_a that_o it_o may_v be_v easy_o imbue_v with_o the_o humour_n of_o sapour_n and_o that_o it_o may_v perfect_o feel_v and_o distinguish_v of_o all_o kind_n of_o sapour_n it_o have_v certain_a nerve_n implant_v in_o it_o from_o the_o four_o rank_n c_z this_o particle_n alone_o be_v proper_a to_o man_n for_o it_o avail_v much_o to_o the_o tune_n of_o the_o voice_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v call_v by_o some_o plectron_n d_o by_o ancient_a writer_n that_o part_n of_o the_o body_n which_o reach_v from_o the_o neck_n to_o the_o genitals_o be_v call_v the_o thorax_n so_o that_o according_a thereunto_o the_o belly_n be_v contain_v under_o the_o name_n of_o thorax_n but_o late_a medic_n with_o galen_n do_v account_v that_o part_n only_o the_o thorax_n which_o be_v include_v between_o the_o side_n or_o the_o region_n of_o the_o pap_n it_o be_v call_v thorax_n apo_n to_o thoro_fw-la for_o the_o continue_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n its_o use_n be_v to_o be_v dilate_v and_o compress_v to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o vital_a member_n which_o contain_v in_o itself_o the_o benefit_n of_o respiration_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o thorax_n do_v consist_v of_o muscle_n pap_n and_o grisle_n or_o bone_n e_z they_o be_v call_v cleides_n because_o they_o shut_v up_o the_o coarticulated_a humour_n with_o the_o shoulderblade_v lest_o it_o shall_v slip_v into_o the_o breast_n thorax_n or_o arm_n f_o the_o rib_n be_v number_v to_o be_v twenty_o four_o each_o side_n contain_v twelve_o where_o observe_v that_o this_o number_n be_v not_o always_o find_v for_o in_o some_o be_v find_v thirteen_o and_o in_o some_o but_o eleven_o which_o happen_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o matter_n either_o abound_v or_o deficient_a therefore_o aristotle_n do_v err_v in_o assert_v that_o there_o be_v but_o only_o eight_o bone_n in_o the_o side_n of_o a_o man_n and_o in_o some_o nation_n only_o seven_a and_o as_o many_o rib_n as_o there_o be_v in_o a_o man_n so_o many_o there_o be_v in_o a_o woman_n and_o therefore_o altogether_o ridiculous_a be_v that_o comment_n that_o there_o be_v one_o less_o in_o a_o man_n then_o in_o a_o woman_n or_o one_o abound_a more_o in_o a_o woman_n then_o in_o a_o man_n g_z the_o belly_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o body_n which_o reach_v from_o the_o breast_n where_o the_o rib_n end_n even_o to_o the_o privity_n and_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o region_n the_o first_o above_o about_o and_o below_o the_o navel_n above_o the_o navel_n from_o the_o midriff_n to_o the_o navel_n epigastrion_n and_o hypochondrion_fw-mi the_o middle_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o navel_n which_o be_v form_v of_o two_o vein_n and_o so_o many_o artery_n which_o carry_v blood_n and_o spirit_n for_o the_o nutriment_n of_o the_o young_a and_o convey_v back_o again_o the_o excrement_n about_o this_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d both_o viâ—…ine_a part_n to_o the_o navel_n so_o call_v because_o they_o be_v empty_a below_o the_o belly_n be_v containted_a the_o hypogastrion_n which_o be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o belly_n which_o reach_v from_o the_o navel_n even_o to_o the_o genitals_o h_n this_o bone_n be_v call_v sacred_a because_o it_o be_v great_a broad_a and_o ample_a hieron_n with_o the_o ancient_a be_v great_a this_o do_v consist_v of_o many_o bone_n coagment_v together_o which_o notwithstanding_o in_o tender_a age_n may_v be_v separate_v yet_o in_o old_a age_n with_o much_o coction_n so_o much_o coalesce_v that_o it_o be_v almost_o incredible_a to_o believe_v it_o conâ—…ts_v of_o many_o bone_n ay_o galen_n and_o hippâ—…ates_n do_v call_v that_o the_o hand_n which_o be_v from_o the_o shoulder_n to_o the_o finger_n that_o which_o aristotle_n call_v brachium_fw-la we_o call_v manus_fw-la and_o the_o german_n ein_fw-ge hand_n k_o it_o consist_v of_o a_o superficies_n and_o substance_n tâ—…_n superficies_n be_v distinguish_v into_o five_o region_n which_o be_v these_o calcaneus_n and_o that_o be_v the_o posterior_n part_n the_o mouâ—…t_n of_o the_o foot_n by_o the_o greek_n call_v tharso_n and_o by_o the_o arabian_n rascheta_n and_o it_o
they_o can_v breathe_v long_o they_o cease_v to_o live_v but_o infect_v do_v live_v though_o they_o can_v breathe_v for_o when_o they_o be_v cut_v in_o two_o part_n they_o will_v live_v in_o each_o part_n whereas_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o all_o the_o part_n of_o a_o animal_n shall_v breathe_v observe_v this_o last_o argument_n to_o impugn_v all_o the_o ancient_n opinion_n fish_n do_v therefore_o breath_n because_o the_o life_n of_o animal_n consist_v not_o without_o breath_n these_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o arist._n deny_v fish_n to_o breath_n but_o because_o there_o be_v a_o heart_n in_o they_o therefore_o they_o have_v need_v to_o have_v their_o heat_n temperate_v and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v so_o temperate_v they_o draw_v in_o by_o their_o gills_o water_n for_o air_n and_o let_v it_o out_o by_o the_o same_o for_o as_o in_o man_n the_o lung_n and_o the_o thorax_n be_v lift_v up_o and_o down_o in_o breathe_v so_o the_o gills_o of_o fish_n be_v dilate_v and_o contract_v in_o draw_v in_o of_o water_n to_o temper_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o when_o the_o gills_o be_v dilate_v they_o draw_v in_o some_o small_a portion_n of_o water_n which_o be_v convey_v by_o certain_a passage_n to_o the_o heart_n which_o cool_v the_o heat_n thereof_o and_o when_o their_o gills_o be_v contract_v the_o water_n again_o be_v expel_v some_o do_v stiff_o oppugn_v these_o opinion_n who_o reason_n we_o shall_v now_o consider_v of_o first_o a_o fish_n be_v a_o animal_n therefore_o breathe_v be_v necessary_a because_o it_o have_v need_v of_o air_n i_o answer_v if_o by_o breathe_v or_o respiration_n they_o understand_v refrigeration_n than_o the_o consequence_n be_v to_o be_v receive_v but_o if_o they_o mean_v the_o attraction_n of_o air_n i_o deny_v it_o for_o the_o spiration_n of_o air_n be_v only_o competent_a to_o those_o animal_n endow_v with_o lung_n but_o fish_n may_v be_v refrigerated_a by_o that_o water_n which_o both_o they_o draw_v in_o by_o the_o mouth_n and_o gills_o second_o air_n be_v contain_v under_o the_o earth_n therefore_o under_o the_o water_n and_o by_o consequence_n fish_n do_v attract_v it_o and_o so_o breath_n ans._n i_o deny_v the_o consequence_n though_o air_n may_v easy_o pierce_v into_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v porous_a cavernous_a and_o dry_a yet_o into_o the_o water_n it_o can_v pierce_v because_o of_o the_o fluidness_n of_o its_o body_n be_v so_o easy_o reduce_v to_o unity_n and_o so_o close_o gather_v itself_o together_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o vacuity_n for_o air_n for_o if_o a_o staff_n be_v thrust_v into_o the_o water_n and_o draw_v out_o again_o there_o will_v be_v no_o holâ—…_n leave_v or_o resemblance_n where_o it_o be_v but_o will_v forthwith_o rise_v up_o and_o swim_v at_o top_n but_o if_o it_o be_v fix_v into_o the_o earth_n the_o hole_n whereinto_o it_o be_v put_v will_v remain_v which_o be_v immediate_o fill_v with_o air_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o breathe_a faculty_n of_o mole_n under_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o take_v away_o because_o they_o always_o make_v a_o hole_n whereby_o they_o receive_v breath_n but_o now_o in_o water_n no_o pore_n or_o passage_n can_v be_v apprehend_v whereby_o air_n may_v be_v attract_v therefore_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o fish_n shall_v breathe_v therein_o three_o fish_n do_v breathe_v by_o their_o gills_o therefore_o breath_n be_v draw_v by_o they_o though_o not_o in_o the_o usual_a manner_n i_o answer_v that_o some_o spiration_n iâ—…_n manifest_a or_o perfect_a some_o obscure_a and_o imperfect_a it_o be_v manifest_a in_o those_o animal_n that_o be_v endow_v with_o the_o organ_n of_o spiration_n and_o than_o it_o be_v proper_o call_v respiration_n but_o that_o â—…tion_n of_o the_o fish_n gills_o be_v more_o right_o term_v transpiration_n and_o only_o answer_v by_o analogy_n to_o the_o true_a spiration_n for_o as_o their_o part_n viz._n lung_n and_o gills_o differ_v in_o species_n so_o also_o their_o function_n differ_v for_o as_o the_o wing_n oâ—…_n bird_n and_o fin_n of_o fish_n do_v agree_v analogical_o in_o themselves_o as_o to_o the_o efficient_a cause_n viz._n of_o motion_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o genus_fw-la because_o fish_n by_o their_o fin_n do_v not_o fly_v as_o bird_n by_o their_o wing_n but_o swim_v so_o those_o gills_o that_o be_v give_v to_o fish_n in_o stead_n of_o lung_n be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o species_n with_o the_o lung_n of_o animal_n the_o four_o be_v take_v from_o experience_n if_o fish_n be_v put_v into_o a_o vessel_n with_o a_o narrow_a orifice_n fill_v half_o full_a of_o water_n and_o so_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o vessel_n stop_v there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o desire_n in_o they_o of_o the_o enjoy_v of_o the_o air_n that_o they_o strive_v who_o shall_v be_v uppermost_a swim_v one_o upon_o another_o for_o no_o other_o cause_n then_o a_o desire_n to_o be_v next_o the_o air_n scaliger_n answer_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o so_o much_o struggle_v be_v not_o for_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o air_n but_o the_o avoid_n of_o their_o close_a imprisonment_n endeavour_v to_o find_v a_o way_n out_o of_o the_o vessel_n to_o free_v themselves_o from_o that_o scarcity_n of_o water_n into_o a_o place_n of_o more_o plenty_n and_o liberty_n five_o if_o a_o vessel_n full_a of_o water_n and_o with_o a_o row_n orifice_n be_v close_o cover_v the_o fish_n that_o be_v encloister_v within_o be_v sudden_o suffocate_v because_o no_o air_n can_v come_v unto_o they_o therefore_o it_o be_v absolute_a necessary_a for_o fish_n to_o breathe_v under_o the_o water_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o life_n this_o if_o it_o be_v true_a i_o thus_o answer_v if_o so_o than_o it_o may_v be_v judge_v to_o happen_v rather_o from_o the_o defect_n of_o the_o celestial_a light_n than_o air_n for_o thereby_o force_n and_o heat_n be_v add_v by_o the_o influence_n of_o light_n for_o all_o animate_v thing_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o this_o celestial_a spirit_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o life_n again_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o fish_n include_v in_o a_o vessel_n be_v suffocate_v it_o must_v happen_v that_o the_o water_n be_v deprive_v of_o air_n lose_v it_o nature_n scaliger_n exer._n 275_o for_o it_o be_v preserve_v from_o corruption_n by_o the_o air_n as_o from_o a_o superior_a form_n therefore_o it_o kill_v the_o fish_n but_o to_o conclude_v if_o fish_n shall_v die_v for_o want_v of_o air_n how_o come_v they_o to_o live_v where_o the_o water_n be_v freeze_v all_o over_o many_o thousand_o of_o pace_n together_o or_o can_v they_o receive_v air_n through_o the_o ice_n therefore_o the_o objection_n of_o our_o antagonist_n be_v frothy_a and_o vain_a l_o infect_v be_v call_v by_o the_o greek_n entoma_n because_o they_o have_v body_n distinguish_v some_o into_o two_o three_o and_o some_o more_o incisure_n and_o they_o have_v in_o stead_n of_o blood_n a_o certain_a vital_a juiâ—…e_n or_o humour_n which_o be_v analogous_n to_o blood_n which_o assoon_o as_o it_o be_v exhaust_v they_o perish_v and_o because_o those_o infect_v want_n blood_n their_o nature_n be_v cold_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o they_o breathe_v not_o for_o breath_n be_v give_v to_o animal_n by_o nature_n to_o â—…ool_v the_o blood_n and_o because_o those_o infect_v say_v aristotle_n want_v bowel_n therefore_o they_o leave_v no_o respiration_n because_o they_o have_v no_o convenient_a organ_n for_o that_o use_n but_o against_o this_o receive_a opinion_n of_o aristotle_n pliny_n object_n that_o infect_v do_v breathe_v which_o he_o maintain_v by_o two_o argument_n first_o that_o many_o kind_n of_o infect_v do_v put_v forth_o a_o certain_a noise_n as_o bee_n and_o those_o that_o want_v wing_n other_o to_o sing_v as_o grasshopper_n so_o also_o gnat_n &_o fly_n make_v a_o certain_a buzz_n &_o noise_n which_o can_v be_v except_o they_o receive_v air_n i_o answer_v when_o bee_n and_o fly_n make_v a_o noise_n it_o happen_v by_o the_o agitation_n of_o the_o interior_a spirit_n and_o not_o the_o exterior_a for_o those_o infect_v that_o seem_v to_o sing_v as_o grasshopper_n do_v make_v a_o noiâ—…e_n from_o the_o agitation_n of_o the_o include_v spirit_n fret_v as_o it_o be_v against_o that_o membrane_n with_o which_o their_o body_n be_v wrap_v for_o they_o do_v not_o make_v a_o noise_n by_o the_o attract_v of_o spirit_n at_o the_o mouth_n for_o they_o alone_o in_o the_o universal_a genus_fw-la of_o animal_n by_o the_o observation_n of_o aristotle_n want_v mouth_n second_o infect_v be_v endow_v with_o smell_v but_o smell_v can_v be_v effect_v but_o with_o the_o attraction_n of_o air_n by_o respiration_n therefore_o they_o breathe_v i_o answer_v the_o sense_n of_o smell_v be_v far_o different_a in_o these_o infect_v from_o that_o in_o other_o sanguineous_a animal_n for_o they_o have_v this_o