in_o the_o time_n of_o coition_n by_o mean_n of_o their_o reticular_a structure_n be_v inflate_v and_o strict_o embrace_v they_o we_o have_v describe_v the_o manner_n how_o the_o foliate_v expansion_n of_o the_o left_a falloppian_n tube_n embrace_v the_o ovarium_n on_o that_o side_n and_o be_v distend_v by_o the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o the_o vagina_n who_o vein_n be_v compress_v by_o the_o penis_n in_o coition_n all_o or_o the_o great_a part_n of_o its_o blood_n pass_v up_o by_o the_o spermatick_a vein_n which_o inosculate_a with_o the_o hypogastrick_n and_o the_o distend_v tube_n be_v incurvate_v by_o the_o broad_a ligament_n of_o the_o vterus_fw-la and_o the_o fundus_fw-la vteri_fw-la be_v distend_v also_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o external_n air_n pent_n out_o by_o the_o penis_n a_o free_a passage_n be_v leave_v for_o the_o semen_n to_o the_o ovarium_n this_o i_o prefer_v as_o a_o more_o compendious_a way_n of_o convey_v it_o than_o either_o through_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o blood_n which_o must_v in_o my_o opinion_n too_o much_o alter_v it_o or_o through_o the_o porous_a substance_n of_o the_o vterus_fw-la as_o other_o will_v have_v we_o believe_v nor_o can_v i_o conceive_v why_o any_o man_n shall_v scruple_n to_o think_v these_o small_a animal_n may_v pass_v some_o poor_a in_o the_o external_n membrane_n as_o they_o do_v in_o frog_n fish_n etc._n etc._n where_o the_o ouula_n be_v eject_v out_o of_o the_o female_a before_o they_o be_v impregnate_v by_o the_o male_a rather_o than_o suppose_v they_o shall_v pass_v by_o the_o spermatick_a artery_n to_o the_o ovarium_n after_o several_a circulation_n through_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o the_o body_n the_o immediate_a and_o direct_a passage_n of_o the_o semen_n be_v very_o much_o confirm_v by_o compare_v the_o appearance_n of_o these_o uterine_n part_n in_o fowl_n especial_o hen_n one_o or_o sometime_o more_o of_o these_o ova_n happen_v to_o be_v foecundate_v at_o a_o time_n be_v distend_v and_o break_v the_o pedunculi_n by_o which_o they_o be_v affix_v and_o leave_v their_o folliculi_fw-la pass_v into_o the_o falloppian_n tube_n which_o resemble_v the_o oviducts_a in_o bird_n receive_v and_o convey_v they_o to_o the_o fundus_fw-la vteri_fw-la the_o manner_n how_o they_o be_v carry_v on_o be_v not_o less_o mechanical_a than_o most_o other_o operation_n in_o the_o animal_n oeconomy_n for_o as_o the_o turgescence_n of_o the_o penis_n first_o remit_v in_o its_o extremity_n so_o do_v this_o exact_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o by_o consequence_n drive_v the_o ouum_fw-la contain_v in_o it_o to_o the_o fundus_fw-la of_o the_o womb._n after_o the_o ouum_fw-la be_v arrive_v here_o it_o fluctuate_v about_o some_o time_n without_o be_v fix_v and_o receive_v nourishment_n by_o apposition_n only_o till_o at_o length_n some_o of_o its_o vessel_n begin_v to_o germinate_v and_o afterward_o inosculate_a with_o those_o of_o the_o vterus_fw-la the_o artery_n of_o the_o ouum_fw-la protrude_a themselves_o into_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o vterus_fw-la and_o the_o vein_n vice-versa_a into_o the_o artery_n from_o which_o mutual_a intertexture_n of_o the_o vessel_n the_o placenta_n be_v compose_v by_o intervention_n of_o the_o placenta_n and_o umbilical_a vessel_n the_o foetus_fw-la receive_v blood_n from_o the_o mother_n and_o a_o common_a circulation_n be_v continue_v the_o particular_n of_o which_o and_o the_o difference_n of_o its_o course_n from_o the_o circulation_n after_o the_o birth_n be_v describe_v in_o the_o explication_n of_o the_o follow_a table_n the_o aliment_n for_o nutrition_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la seem_v to_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o chylous_a juice_n separate_v by_o the_o gland_n of_o the_o placenta_n and_o reposit_v in_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o amnio_n tab._n 55_o 58._o which_o grow_v considerable_a for_o its_o quantity_n in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o month_n and_o the_o foetus_fw-la begin_v to_o take_v it_o in_o at_o its_o mouth_n for_o some_o time_n before_o its_o birth_n whence_o it_o be_v convey_v to_o the_o stomach_n and_o intestine_n and_o part_n pass_v into_o chyle_n and_o blood-vessel_n according_a to_o the_o ordinary_a method_n of_o nature_n in_o a_o adult_n the_o remainder_n compose_v the_o excrement_n we_o find_v in_o the_o intestine_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la and_o sometime_o float_v in_o the_o liquor_n of_o the_o amnio_n beside_o which_o the_o mammillâ—_n of_o recent-born_a infant_n of_o both_o sex_n contain_v a_o serous_a milky_a liquor_n which_o be_v discharge_v into_o the_o liquor_n of_o the_o amnio_n after_o the_o foetus_fw-la have_v lie_v nine_o month_n in_o the_o womb_n it_o arrive_v at_o such_o a_o magnitude_n as_o make_v it_o uneasy_a both_o for_o want_v of_o room_n and_o aliment_n beside_o the_o excrement_n void_v from_o its_o anus_fw-la foul_a the_o content_n of_o the_o amnio_n and_o molest_v the_o foetus_fw-la which_o by_o its_o frequent_a and_o strenuous_a struggle_n shake_v the_o placenta_n and_o break_v the_o slender_a vessel_n which_o connect_v it_o to_o the_o vterus_fw-la from_o the_o conspire_v of_o which_o circumstance_n parturition_n must_v necessary_o follow_v after_o the_o secundine_n be_v remove_v and_o the_o infant_n first_o open_v its_o mouth_n the_o ambient_fw-la air_n rush_n into_o the_o lung_n and_o distend_v the_o vesiculae_fw-la aereoe_n which_o afterward_o remain_v in_o some_o measure_n inflate_v because_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o bronchia_fw-la which_o open_v into_o they_o be_v much_o less_o than_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la themselves_o and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o air_n will_v still_o continue_v in_o they_o whence_o they_o gain_v a_o great_a specific_a lightness_n and_o swim_v in_o water_n the_o pulmonick_a blood-vessel_n which_o before_o the_o birth_n lie_v collapse_v have_v their_o trunk_n and_o ramification_n extend_v and_o admit_v the_o blood_n to_o pass_v through_o they_o the_o foramen_fw-la ovale_fw-mi and_o canalis_fw-la arteriosus_n not_o lie_v in_o a_o direct_a line_n to_o the_o propulsion_n of_o the_o blood_n these_o passage_n in_o tract_n of_o time_n become_v obliterated_a and_o all_o the_o blood_n from_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n pass_v through_o the_o lung_n before_o it_o can_v arrive_v at_o the_o left_a these_o alteration_n of_o the_o oeconomy_n happen_v after_o the_o foetus_fw-la be_v bring_v into_o the_o world_n and_o expose_v to_o the_o external_n air._n have_v see_v how_o the_o infant_n be_v generate_v and_o usher_v into_o the_o world_n with_o the_o alteration_n which_o attend_v its_o birth_n we_o must_v consider_v next_o by_o what_o mean_v nutrition_n and_o accretion_n be_v effect_v or_o the_o step_v by_o which_o it_o proceed_v insensible_o from_o such_o small_a beginning_n to_o its_o due_a size_n and_o dimension_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o body_n of_o animal_n be_v nothing_o else_o than_o a_o vascular_a compage_n and_o all_o their_o part_n exist_v in_o the_o foecundate_v ouum_fw-la which_o by_o the_o accession_n of_o new_a matter_n be_v only_o distend_v and_o become_v visible_a from_o which_o consideration_n we_o may_v infer_v that_o the_o augmentation_n of_o the_o body_n be_v make_v by_o a_o simple_a extension_n of_o all_o the_o tube_n vessel_n and_o cell_n which_o when_o they_o will_v no_o long_o recede_v to_o admit_v the_o nutritious_a particle_n to_o be_v lodge_v in_o the_o interstice_n of_o the_o fibre_n which_o compose_v their_o parietes_fw-la and_o there_o remain_v no_o more_o ostiola_fw-la in_o the_o side_n of_o their_o vessel_n by_o which_o the_o fluid_n can_v open_v a_o passage_n the_o body_n be_v arrive_v at_o the_o utmost_a limit_n of_o its_o growth_n this_o tenseness_n and_o contiguity_n of_o the_o fibre_n which_o refuse_v to_o admit_v more_o of_o the_o nutritious_a part_n be_v that_o which_o determine_v the_o magnitude_n of_o animal_n and_o the_o same_o hypothesis_n will_v serve_v to_o explicate_v the_o differ_a size_n of_o individual_n of_o the_o same_o species_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o bone_n arrive_v at_o their_o full_a dimension_n and_o then_o preserve_v their_o stability_n and_o figure_n who_o accretion_n and_o other_o accident_n arise_v from_o its_o vitiation_n be_v very_o well_o explain_v by_o dr._n haver_n in_o his_o osteologia_fw-la but_o beside_o the_o gradual_a increase_n and_o formation_n of_o the_o tube_n and_o vessel_n there_o be_v a_o necessity_n for_o a_o supply_n of_o fluids_n to_o maintain_v a_o plenitude_n with_o a_o constant_a reparation_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o humour_n to_o prevent_v the_o collapse_n thus_o in_o a_o atrophy_n the_o great_a emaciation_n and_o apparent_a loss_n of_o the_o substance_n proceed_v from_o a_o want_n of_o proper_a fluid_n to_o preserve_v the_o artery_n vein_n lymphducts_a etc._n etc._n and_o other_o channel_n of_o the_o body_n in_o their_o due_a distension_n i_o must_v confess_v a_o corrosive_a salt_n in_o some_o deprave_a crases_n of_o the_o blood_n may_v consume_v the_o stable_a and_o organic_n part_n as_o in_o the_o spina_n ventosa_fw-la and_o such_o
capillary_a vein_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o the_o great_a branch_n next_o into_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o so_o into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n again_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o three_o tricuspid_a valve_n in_o the_o right_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 6._o and_o the_o two_o mitral_a valve_n tab._n ead_a fig._n 12._o in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n oppose_v its_o return_n into_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o vena_fw-la pulmonaris_n and_o the_o semilunary_a valve_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonaris_n tab._n ead_a fig._n 14._o and_o aorta_n tab._n ib._n fig._n 13._o prevent_v its_o reflux_n into_o the_o ventricles_n the_o structure_n and_o position_n of_o which_o membrane_n be_v sufficient_a alone_o to_o lead_v all_o observe_v man_n into_o a_o complete_a knowledge_n of_o its_o motion_n and_o progress_n the_o circular_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v first_o explain_v and_o the_o whole_a demonstrate_v in_o a_o treatise_n express_o write_v upon_o that_o subject_a and_o publish_v in_o the_o year_n 1628._o by_o our_o learned_a and_o ingenious_a dr._n harvey_n to_o omit_v all_o dispute_n here_o how_o far_o this_o be_v know_v to_o cesalpinus_n columbus_n servetus_n or_o any_o of_o the_o anatomist_n or_o virtuoso_n of_o the_o last_o age._n but_o the_o manner_n how_o this_o animal_n liquor_n be_v transmit_v from_o the_o artery_n to_o the_o vein_n have_v remain_v hitherto_o a_o secret_a and_o afford_v matter_n of_o controversy_n some_o pretend_v this_o be_v do_v by_o some_o blind_a imperceptible_fw-fr meatus_fw-la in_o the_o carnous_a part_n and_o perplex_v themselves_o to_o give_v irrational_a and_o chimerical_a account_n which_o we_o shall_v not_o here_o lose_v time_n to_o enumerate_v or_o refute_v but_o the_o late_a great_a improvement_n of_o microscope_n have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o all_o these_o uncertain_a conjecture_n by_o discover_v to_o our_o naked_a eye_n that_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n be_v but_o one_o continue_v inflect_v tube_n and_o the_o blood_n pass_v from_o one_o to_o the_o other_o in_o a_o uninterrupted_a current_n which_o unity_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n by_o a_o parity_n of_o reason_n we_o infer_v extend_v to_o the_o whole_a system_n and_o will_v hardly_o be_v question_v by_o those_o who_o consider_v the_o prompt_a passage_n of_o mercury_n and_o other_o injected_a liquor_n from_o the_o artery_n to_o the_o vein_n or_o see_v the_o globule_n of_o blood_n pass_v these_o angustia_n and_o revert_v with_o incredible_a rapidity_n in_o the_o fin_n of_o fish_n app._n f._n 4_o 5._o which_o curious_a discovery_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v repute_v the_o least_o advancement_n which_o this_o part_n of_o natural_a history_n have_v receive_v the_o great_a engine_n which_o set_v all_o this_o motion_n on_o foot_n be_v the_o heart_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 9_o by_o who_o repeat_v elastic_a contraction_n the_o blood_n be_v drive_v to_o the_o remote_a part_n through_o the_o arterial_a system_n app._n fig._n 3._o and_o force_v to_o continue_v its_o motion_n back_o through_o the_o venous_a channel_n this_o elastic_a force_n be_v primary_o seat_v in_o its_o own_o muscular_a fibres_n who_o spiral_n contortion_n tab._n 22._o fig._n 2_o 3._o be_v very_o well_o describe_v by_o dr._n lower_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cord_n but_o the_o pendulous_a position_n and_o the_o fibre_n which_o compose_v its_o great_a artery_n i._n e._n the_o pulmonaris_n and_o aorta_n assist_v very_o much_o and_o the_o heart_n take_v out_o of_o the_o body_n and_o hold_v up_o by_o the_o artery_n will_v continue_v the_o least_o gentle_a motion_n impress_v on_o it_o for_o a_o considerable_a time_n which_o effect_n can_v only_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o elasticity_n of_o the_o arterial_a trunk_n by_o which_o it_o be_v suspend_v the_o heart_n be_v the_o immediate_a instrument_n but_o what_o be_v the_o vis_fw-fr motrix_fw-la which_o force_v its_o fibre_n to_o a_o contraction_n be_v a_o far_o great_a difficulty_n and_o one_o of_o the_o most_o abstruse_a inscrutable_a mystery_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v in_o this_o respect_n our_o body_n differ_v from_o artificial_a machine_n the_o former_a have_v in_o themselves_o a_o perpetual_a principle_n of_o motion_n which_o the_o latter_a by_o no_o invention_n of_o man_n can_v arrive_v at_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o heart_n of_o a_o animal_n bear_v a_o great_a analogy_n to_o the_o pendulum_n of_o those_o artificial_a automata_n clock_n and_o watch_n whilst_o its_o motion_n be_v perform_v like_o that_o of_o other_o muscle_n the_o blood_n do_v the_o office_n of_o a_o pondus_fw-la the_o observation_n of_o the_o curious_a mons._n peyer_n in_o parergo_fw-la septimo_fw-la seem_v to_o favour_v this_o opinion_n who_o tell_v we_o he_o have_v with_o pleasure_n see_v the_o heart_n renew_v its_o contraction_n by_o blow_v into_o the_o thoracick_a dust_n when_o the_o part_n have_v begin_v to_o grow_v stiff_a after_o death_n the_o like_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o observe_v to_o be_v restore_v by_o blow_v into_o the_o vein_n of_o a_o dog_n and_o pour_v warm_a water_n on_o it_o or_o apply_v the_o palm_n of_o the_o hand_n not_o long_o after_o its_o cessation_n beside_o the_o quantity_n doubtless_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o blood_n have_v a_o share_n since_o all_o distemper_n which_o alter_v the_o mass_n at_o the_o same_o time_n create_v a_o hurry_n and_o disorder_n in_o its_o motion_n to_o explain_v the_o action_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o this_o case_n and_o the_o influence_n it_o have_v over_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n we_o must_v consider_v its_o nature_n constituent_a part_n and_o the_o alteration_n it_o be_v dispose_v to_o receive_v this_o animal_n fluid_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n serous_a and_o globular_a the_o distinction_n of_o these_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v evident_a to_o the_o naked_a eye_n after_o its_o stagnation_n in_o any_o vessel_n but_o be_v clear_o evince_v by_o the_o microscope_n in_o its_o circulation_n through_o the_o tail_n and_o fin_n of_o fish_n and_o other_o transparent_a part_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o be_v represent_v appendix_n fig._n 4_o 5._o where_o the_o globule_n seem_v to_o swim_v in_o the_o serum_fw-la in_o this_o state_n of_o mixture_n now_o the_o blood_n be_v in_o this_o manner_n a_o heterogeneous_a liquor_n compose_v of_o particle_n of_o various_a magnitude_n and_o figure_n must_v be_v subject_a to_o a_o intestine_a motion_n but_o the_o great_a rapidity_n of_o its_o current_n through_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o angustiae_fw-la in_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n not_o admit_v any_o retrograde_a motion_n to_o be_v there_o make_v it_o be_v defer_v till_o it_o arrive_v in_o the_o great_a vein_n where_o its_o progress_n be_v retard_v and_o the_o room_n more_o spacious_a and_o the_o intestine_a motion_n there_o commence_v which_o arise_v to_o a_o great_a or_o less_o height_n as_o the_o blood_n be_v more_o or_o less_o charge_v with_o incongruous_a part_n the_o alteration_n which_o the_o blood_n by_o this_o mean_n receive_v have_v no_o inconsiderable_a share_n in_o the_o heart_n contraction_n and_o though_o it_o be_v not_o the_o prime_n efficient_a cause_n yet_o we_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o it_o be_v partial_a and_o incitative_a as_o appear_v in_o fever_n and_o several_a other_o distemper_n where_o the_o whole_a mass_n be_v accelerate_a and_o the_o pulse_n more_o frequent_a beside_o all_o these_o cause_n the_o brain_n by_o its_o nervous_a trunk_n send_v to_o this_o part_n which_o be_v very_o thick_a and_o tense_n yet_o lie_v very_o loose_a contribute_v much_o to_o this_o action_n and_o here_o we_o may_v observe_v not_o only_o these_o of_o the_o heart_n but_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o nerve_n which_o serve_v the_o viscera_n in_o the_o thorax_n and_o low_a belly_n have_v their_o propagines_fw-la very_o numerous_a and_o tense_n notwithstanding_o which_o they_o lie_v loose_a or_o free_a in_o their_o progress_n from_o the_o brain_n to_o their_o respective_a part_n both_o which_o concur_v in_o dispose_v they_o to_o receive_v and_o retain_v all_o impression_n from_o their_o extremity_n this_o faculty_n beginning_n to_o exert_v itself_o even_o while_o the_o foetus_fw-la be_v in_o vtero_fw-la grow_v familiar_a and_o natural_a and_o from_o this_o early_a habit_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o infant_n they_o after_o perform_v their_o duty_n sleep_v or_o wake_v without_o the_o least_o advertence_n but_o this_o by_o the_o by_o and_o now_o if_o what_o have_v be_v note_a shall_v be_v think_v sufficient_a to_o give_v ground_n to_o hope_v future_a inquiry_n may_v discover_v more_o adequate_a cause_n of_o this_o great_a phaenomenon_n we_o have_v obtain_v our_o desire_n and_o shall_v leave_v these_o hint_n to_o be_v improve_v by_o man_n of_o more_o industry_n and_o leasure_n before_o we_o leave_v this_o subject_a we_o must_v not_o omit_v to_o remark_n some_o observable_a artifices_fw-la of_o nature_n for_o the_o better_a carry_v
on_o the_o circulation_n the_o first_o be_v the_o valve_n place_v in_o the_o several_a divarication_n of_o the_o vein_n between_o their_o capillar_n extremity_n and_o large_a trunk_n these_o be_v membrane_n proceed_v from_o the_o inner_a coat_n of_o the_o vessel_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o crescent_n or_o c._n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a greek_a sigma_fw-la and_o be_v general_o double_a with_o their_o concavity_n look_v towards_o the_o heart_n and_o ready_o give_v way_n to_o the_o current_n of_o the_o blood_n thither_o as_o be_v represent_v tab._n 23._o f._n 7._o but_o if_o by_o its_o weight_n or_o any_o other_o cause_n the_o blood_n shall_v revert_v they_o oppose_v it_o and_o be_v distend_v prevent_v its_o return_n from_o the_o great_a trunk_n of_o vein_n to_o the_o lesser_a and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n hinder_v the_o superincumb_a blood_n from_o press_v on_o the_o inferior_a concern_v which_o consult_v tab._n 23._o fig._n 6._o another_o considerable_a artifice_n in_o nature_n be_v the_o convey_v great_a quantity_n of_o refluent_a blood_n from_o several_a part_n of_o the_o trunk_n by_o particular_a channel_n instead_o of_o discharge_v it_o by_o the_o next_o and_o most_o immediate_a passage_n into_o the_o neighbour_a current_n dr._n lower_n have_v well_o observe_v that_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o place_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o body_n but_o incline_v to_o its_o upper_a part_n which_o position_n be_v necessary_a to_o drive_a the_o blood_n in_o its_o systole_n to_o the_o head_n with_o more_o force_n than_o be_v require_v to_o make_v it_o descend_v to_o the_o foot_n to_o which_o its_o own_o weight_n and_o fluidity_n do_v not_o a_o little_a conduce_v now_o the_o heart_n be_v seat_v so_o near_o the_o upper_a part_n as_o that_o two_o part_n in_o three_o of_o the_o whole_a fabric_n appear_v to_o be_v below_o it_o there_o must_v be_v a_o like_a inequality_n of_o blood_n send_v to_o the_o inferior_a part_n to_o that_o which_o ascend_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o this_o we_o see_v confirm_v by_o compare_v the_o diameter_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n descend_v with_o the_o ascend_v the_o former_a be_v much_o large_a than_o the_o latter_a this_o great_a disproportion_n of_o blood_n in_o the_o upper_a system_v to_o that_o of_o the_o low_a seem_v to_o threaten_v a_o great_a disturbance_n in_o the_o animal_n order_n but_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o provident_a care_n of_o the_o author_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o manner_n we_o be_v now_o about_o to_o describe_v the_o intercostal_a artery_n app._n f._n 3._o which_o arise_v from_o the_o low_o system_v be_v accompany_v with_o vein_n that_o return_v the_o blood_n they_o export_v which_o do_v not_o enter_v into_o the_o next_o large_a trunk_n according_a to_o the_o ordinary_a process_n of_o nature_n in_o other_o part_n but_o be_v all_o unite_a into_o one_o channel_n and_o sometime_o two_o which_o ascend_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi and_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o descend_v trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la there_o discharge_v all_o its_o refluent_a blood_n which_o have_v it_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o ascend_v trunk_n it_o must_v have_v add_v so_o great_a a_o weight_n that_o the_o blood_n can_v not_o have_v pass_v up_o to_o the_o heart_n which_o it_o now_o easy_o do_v beside_o these_o the_o mammary_n vein_n likewise_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o subclavian_n so_o that_o all_o the_o blood_n arise_v from_o the_o parietes_fw-la of_o the_o thorax_n the_o back_n and_o its_o muscle_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o the_o scapulae_fw-la return_v again_o to_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o upper_a trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la though_o it_o be_v send_v thither_o from_o the_o low_a trunk_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la another_o contrivance_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v observable_a in_o the_o vena_fw-la porta_n which_o receive_v the_o blood_n from_o the_o stomach_n omentum_fw-la spleen_n pancreas_n gut_n and_o mesentery_n send_v thither_o by_o the_o coeliack_n and_o mesenterick_n artery_n which_o large_a quantity_n have_v it_o enter_v into_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la immediate_o below_o the_o liver_n or_o kidney_n its_o weight_n so_o far_o beneath_o the_o diaphragm_n must_v have_v hinder_v its_o ascent_n wherefore_o the_o vena_fw-la porta_n not_o unlike_o the_o azygos_n of_o the_o thorax_n before_o note_a carry_v up_o all_o the_o blood_n by_o another_o channel_n and_o discharge_v it_o into_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la within_o the_o liver_n where_o it_o be_v dilute_v and_o propel_v by_o the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o the_o splenick_n vein_n and_o afterward_o assist_v in_o its_o ascent_n by_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o diaphragm_n here_o i_o can_v forbear_v make_v a_o digression_n and_o present_v my_o conjecture_n of_o the_o use_n and_o office_n of_o the_o spleen_n since_o it_o minister_v in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o animal_n oeconomy_n the_o arteria_fw-la splenica_fw-la be_v not_o only_o very_o large_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o spleen_n but_o have_v a_o remarkable_a tortuous_a passage_n to_o it_o tab._n 36._o f._n 1._o whence_o we_o may_v conceive_v as_o the_o quantity_n of_o blood_n send_v to_o the_o spleen_n be_v very_o great_a so_o it_o be_v impetus_fw-la be_v very_o much_o abate_v next_o the_o communication_n between_o the_o extremity_n of_o its_o artery_n and_o vein_n be_v very_o large_a as_o appear_v by_o the_o prompt_a exit_fw-la which_o water_n pour_v into_o one_o find_v by_o the_o other_o and_o the_o inflation_n of_o the_o vein_n which_o be_v easy_o make_v by_o blow_v into_o the_o artery_n when_o the_o whole_a spleen_n and_o its_o vein_n become_v distend_v with_o it_o the_o lymphducts_a of_o the_o spleen_n we_o have_v observe_v tab._n 36._o fig._n 1._o to_o arise_v from_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la at_o the_o extremity_n of_o its_o vein_n and_o discharge_v their_o content_n into_o the_o neighbour_a lymphatic_a gland_n whence_o it_o be_v send_v into_o the_o receptacule_n of_o the_o chyle_n its_o nerve_n be_v distribute_v through_o its_o whole_a substance_n and_o serve_v to_o preserve_v its_o tone_n and_o regulate_v the_o separation_n of_o its_o lympha_fw-la and_o nutritive_a juice_n but_o the_o most_o exact_a scrutiny_n of_o anatomist_n can_v never_o yet_o discover_v any_o excretory-duct_a arise_v from_o this_o viscus_fw-la and_o indeed_o the_o patent_n communication_n of_o its_o vessel_n seem_v a_o convince_a proof_n that_o no_o such_o excretory-duct_a can_v exist_v but_o must_v appear_v very_o plain_a beside_o it_o seem_v extravagant_a and_o unbecoming_a the_o wonderful_a providence_n of_o nature_n to_o separate_a any_o particular_a juice_n in_o the_o artery_n here_o to_o be_v instant_o refund_v into_o the_o vein_n and_o we_o can_v hardly_o conceive_v the_o blood_n can_v suffer_v any_o alteration_n in_o a_o place_n where_o the_o transit_fw-la from_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o be_v so_o ample_a after_o these_o consideration_n premise_v if_o the_o problem_n be_v propose_v what_o can_v be_v the_o design_n of_o the_o great_a architect_n of_o our_o body_n in_o the_o fabrication_n of_o so_o large_a and_o remarkable_a a_o part_n without_o any_o fluid_a secrete_v in_o it_o beside_o its_o own_o nutritive_a juice_n and_o lympha_fw-la i_o believe_v our_o hypothesis_n will_v enable_v we_o to_o give_v a_o sufficient_a reply_n to_o this_o seem_a invincible_a difficulty_n with_o which_o learned_a man_n have_v exceed_o perplex_v themselves_o i_o conceive_v then_o the_o spleen_n be_v design_v by_o nature_n as_o a_o diverticle_n to_o receive_v a_o large_a proportion_n of_o blood_n to_o be_v refund_v by_o its_o vein_n into_o the_o porta_n and_o promote_v the_o reflux_n of_o the_o blood_n import_v thither_o from_o the_o stomach_n gut_n pancreas_n mesentery_n etc._n etc._n by_o who_o slow_a progress_n through_o the_o innumerable_a gland_n of_o those_o part_n it_o return_v thick_a and_o unfit_a for_o motion_n and_o this_o seem_v but_o necessary_a that_o a_o new_a quantity_n of_o blood_n charge_v with_o a_o copious_a serum_fw-la shall_v be_v infund_v into_o this_o refluent_a liquor_n before_o it_o arrive_v at_o the_o liver_n to_o dispose_v it_o to_o pass_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o add_v a_o fresh_a impetus_fw-la to_o its_o languid_a motion_n cause_v by_o its_o long_a and_o tortutous_a progress_n this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o use_n and_o office_n of_o the_o spleen_n and_o seem_v to_o have_v all_o the_o circumstance_n the_o law_n of_o mechanism_n require_v for_o this_o purpose_n the_o novelty_n of_o which_o opinion_n will_v i_o hope_v be_v no_o prejudice_n to_o its_o reception_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o candid_a and_o impartial_a men._n have_v thus_o represent_v the_o circulation_n the_o order_n of_o nature_n lead_v we_o to_o respiration_n which_o serve_v in_o convey_v the_o blood_n from_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o impregnate_v it_o with_o
part_n proper_a for_o its_o further_a elaboration_n respiration_n or_o breathe_v be_v a_o double_a action_n i._n e._n inspiration_n or_o receive_v of_o air_n into_o the_o lung_n and_o expiration_n or_o expel_v it_o again_o the_o whole_a be_v do_v by_o mean_n of_o widen_v and_o straighten_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n in_o which_o the_o lung_n be_v contain_v how_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n may_v be_v enlarge_v and_o contract_v we_o may_v easy_o conceive_v if_o we_o consider_v the_o order_n of_o its_o bony_n parietes_fw-la tab._n 27_o and_o 28._o and_o observe_v the_o oblique_a descend_v position_n of_o the_o rib_n from_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o back_n with_o their_o cartilaginous_a connection_n to_o the_o os_fw-la pectoris_fw-la and_o the_o position_n and_o action_n of_o the_o diaphragm_n as_o be_v explain_v tab._n 52._o whence_o it_o appear_v when_o the_o rib_n be_v draw_v up_o and_o the_o superior_a convex_a surface_n of_o the_o diaphragm_n depress_v towards_o a_o plain_a the_o include_v space_n must_v necessary_o be_v enlarge_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_a very_o much_o straighten_a when_o the_o rib_n be_v draw_v down_o and_o the_o upper_a surface_n of_o the_o diaphragm_n convex_v towards_o the_o lung_n as_o it_o be_v represent_v in_o the_o last_o mention_v table_n the_o elevation_n and_o depression_n of_o the_o rib_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o proper_a and_o common_a muscle_n of_o the_o thorax_n the_o first_o have_v their_o rise_n and_o termination_n confine_v to_o the_o part_n compose_v its_o parietes_fw-la the_o other_o notwithstanding_o their_o relation_n to_o other_o part_n yet_o chief_o respect_v this_o of_o the_o common_a muscle_n some_o be_v principal_a immediate_o move_v this_o together_o with_o those_o part_n from_o which_o they_o be_v derive_v other_o be_v auxiliary_a which_o by_o move_v the_o contiguous_a body_n contribute_v to_o the_o better_a perform_v the_o grand_a motion_n thus_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o shoulderblade_n be_v require_v in_o violent_a respiration_n without_o which_o the_o musculi_fw-la serrati_fw-la tab._n 20._o which_o spring_n from_o the_o scapulae_fw-la tab._n 29._o v._o w._n can_v not_o act_n hence_o it_o happen_v that_o respiration_n be_v interrupt_v when_o the_o arm_n be_v in_o action_n by_o reason_n the_o scapulae_fw-la at_o that_o time_n engage_v all_o their_o muscle_n especial_o the_o serrati_fw-la t._n 20._o to_o render_v they_o stable_a and_o the_o extension_n of_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n become_v necessary_a to_o the_o end_n the_o musculi_fw-la scaleni_n tab._n 18._o b_o b._n may_v raise_v the_o upper_a rib_n the_o proper_a muscle_n of_o the_o thorax_n be_v the_o intercostale_n externi_fw-la and_o interni_fw-la tab._n 26._o fig._n 1._o the_o triangulares_n tab._n and_o fig._n ead_n the_o serrati_n superiores_fw-la and_o inferiores_fw-la postici_fw-la tab._n 28._o the_o principal_a common_a muscle_n be_v the_o scaleni_n tab._n 18._o the_o subclavii_fw-la tab._n 20._o the_o serrati_fw-la majores_fw-la &_o minores_fw-la antici_n tab._n ead_a and_o the_o sacrolumbale_n tab._n 29._o the_o auxiliary_a muscle_n be_v such_o as_o raise_v the_o scapulae_fw-la and_o draw_v they_o backward_o and_o those_o which_o extend_v the_o whole_a spine_n the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n be_v dilate_v in_o the_o manner_n above_o mention_v the_o ambient_fw-la air_n necessary_o rush_n through_o the_o aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la and_o bronchia_fw-la into_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la of_o the_o lung_n whereby_o their_o whole_a substance_n become_v distend_v and_o this_o we_o call_v inspiration_n in_o expiration_n the_o air_n contain_v in_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la of_o the_o lung_n be_v exclude_v in_o this_o action_n the_o lung_n be_v not_o mere_o passive_a as_o in_o the_o former_a but_o the_o elasticity_n of_o the_o ligament_n of_o their_o bronchia_fw-la draw_v their_o small_a cartilage_n over_o each_o other_o and_o conduce_v to_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o air_n contain_v in_o their_o vesiculae_fw-la this_o alternate_a diastole_n and_o systole_n of_o the_o lung_n and_o thorax_n bear_v a_o analogy_n to_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o who_o two_o board_n be_v draw_v from_o each_o other_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n necessary_o rush_n in_o between_o they_o and_o fill_v the_o internal_a space_n enlarge_v by_o the_o deduction_n of_o their_o side_n which_o air_n be_v again_o expel_v from_o thence_o by_o approach_v they_o towards_o each_o other_o the_o inducement_n the_o author_n of_o nature_n have_v to_o frame_n this_o pulmonary_a organ_n be_v many_o by_o this_o the_o aerial_a particle_n pass_v to_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n which_o rarify_v subtilise_v and_o render_v it_o fit_a for_o those_o elaboration_n it_o afterward_o undergo_v by_o these_o the_o tenacious_a serum_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n be_v attenuate_v and_o the_o whole_a mass_n render_v fit_a for_o motion_n the_o effect_n of_o which_o be_v evident_a in_o those_o rheumatic_a asthma_n and_o other_o case_n which_o oblige_v some_o to_o leave_v this_o town_n for_o a_o clear_a air._n the_o lung_n be_v the_o intermediate_n passage_n between_o the_o two_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n whereby_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o blood_n pass_v through_o their_o large_a blood-vessel_n in_o a_o equal_a rapidity_n and_o quantity_n with_o that_o of_o all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n beside_o and_o do_v by_o this_o mean_n discharge_v the_o blood_n of_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o its_o serum_fw-la by_o halitus_fw-la in_o expiration_n wherefore_o the_o accurate_a dr._n tyson_n reckon_v they_o among_o the_o number_n of_o gland_n this_o alternate_a action_n in_o which_o respiration_n consist_v be_v necessary_a to_o the_o end_v the_o blood_n may_v pass_v the_o lung_n who_o vesiculae_fw-la if_o they_o be_v constant_o distend_v by_o the_o inspire_a air_n the_o extremity_n of_o the_o pulmonick_a blood-vessel_n will_v be_v compress_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o these_o vesiculae_fw-la be_v collapse_v as_o after_o expiration_n their_o blood-vessel_n will_v be_v consequent_o corrugate_v but_o by_o this_o vicissitude_n they_o become_v permeable_a and_o the_o blood_n easy_o pass_v their_o extremity_n we_o have_v trace_v the_o aliment_n from_o its_o first_o reception_n till_o it_o be_v elaborate_v into_o blood_n and_o pursue_v in_o its_o motion_n and_o circulation_n through_o its_o several_a channel_n we_o ought_v next_o to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o several_a liquor_n or_o fluid_n separate_v from_o it_o in_o its_o tour._n all_o animal_n juice_n except_o the_o chyle_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o arterial_a blood_n which_o common_a material_a in_o its_o percolation_n in_o the_o brain_n and_o nerve_n yield_v the_o content_n of_o their_o fibre_n in_o the_o gland_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o throat_n the_o saliva_n in_o the_o mammae_fw-la the_o milk_n in_o the_o kidney_n the_o urine_n in_o the_o testes_fw-la sperm_n not_o to_o name_v the_o sweat_n mucilage_n of_o the_o joint_n etc._n etc._n and_o through_o the_o universal_a body_n a_o copious_a quantity_n of_o lympha_fw-la which_o be_v not_o apply_v to_o any_o distinct_a use_v in_o the_o animal_n oeconomy_n but_o be_v all_o discharge_v into_o the_o great_a cystern_a or_o receptacle_n of_o the_o chyle_n and_o subclavian_n vein_n and_o so_o refund_v into_o the_o refluent_a blood_n the_o doctrine_n of_o secretion_n be_v the_o last_o and_o only_o remain_v part_n of_o those_o natural_a function_n which_o be_v direct_v to_o the_o preservation_n and_o subsist_v of_o the_o individual_a for_o the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o these_o liquor_n their_o use_n and_o office_n and_o the_o peculiar_a structure_n adapt_v for_o the_o percolation_n of_o one_o and_o exclude_v the_o rest_n we_o must_v remit_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o description_n of_o the_o organ_n themselves_o content_v ourselves_o here_o with_o the_o theory_n of_o the_o origin_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la and_o secretion_n in_o general_n the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o animal-liquor_n call_v lympha_fw-la and_o the_o duct_n which_o convey_v it_o be_v owe_v to_o the_o industry_n and_o search_n of_o this_o present_a age._n but_o whether_o rudbeck_n bartholine_n or_o our_o countryman_n dr._n jolive_n ought_v to_o carry_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o discovery_n i_o shall_v not_o pretend_v to_o decide_v but_o the_o rise_v course_n and_o other_o particular_a circumstance_n needful_a to_o inform_v we_o of_o their_o use_n and_o the_o design_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o fabrication_n of_o these_o duct_n have_v not_o be_v hitherto_o at_o least_o full_o demonstrate_v some_o have_v pretend_v to_o derive_v these_o duct_n from_o the_o nerve_n other_o from_o the_o membrane_n or_o tendinous_a part_n of_o the_o muscle_n but_o these_o be_v impertinency_n scarce_o worth_a a_o serious_a refutation_n the_o diligent_a melpighius_fw-la in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o royal-socÃety_a be_v follicitous_a in_o inquire_v whether_o they_o be_v not_o excretory-ducts_a to_o export_v the_o juice_n secrete_v in_o the_o conglobate_a gland_n since_o there_o be_v none_o of_o these_o gland_n so_o inconsiderable_a to_o be_v
divers_a transverse_n strong_a ligament_n in_o the_o lateral_a sinus_n f_o f_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o the_o longitudinal_n sinus_n g_o g_o that_o part_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n which_o adhere_v to_o the_o lamdoidal_a suture_a of_o the_o skull_n h_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la go_v out_o of_o the_o great_a foramen_fw-la of_o the_o skull_n in_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la ay_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la cover_v with_o the_o dura_n mater_n fig._n 3._o a_o part_v of_o the_o longitudinal_n sinus_n open_v b_o b_o etc._n etc._n the_o vein_n of_o the_o brain_n before_o they_o enter_v the_o sinus_n c_o c_o their_o orifice_n open_v into_o the_o sinus_n various_o some_o of_o they_o be_v parallel_n to_o their_o trunk_n other_o vein_n first_o pass_v in_o the_o duplicature_n of_o the_o sinus_n forward_o and_o other_o backward_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o progressive_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v not_o only_o assist_v in_o some_o position_n of_o the_o head_n and_o it_o be_v too_o rapid_a motion_n prevent_v in_o other_o but_o a_o due_a mixture_n and_o reunion_n of_o its_o part_n be_v make_v after_o undergo_a so_o elaborate_a a_o strainer_n as_o that_o of_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n especial_o in_o its_o cortical_a or_o glandulous_a part._n fig._n 4._o a_o a_o the_o posterior_n and_o lateral_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n cover_v with_o its_o meninge_n b_o b_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la break_v off_o from_o the_o cranium_fw-la c_o part_v of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n divide_v from_o the_o skull_n d_o the_o inferior_a and_o tortuous_a part_n of_o the_o lateral_a sinus_n on_o the_o left_a side_n open_v in_o which_o may_v be_v observe_v its_o transverse_n strong_a ligament_n express_v fig._n 2._o e._n e_o the_o cavity_n in_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la or_o specus_fw-la which_o receive_v the_o bulbous_a part_n of_o the_o lateral_a sinus_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o jugular_a vein_n f_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n g_o a_o probe_n insert_v into_o the_o jugular_a vein_n by_o the_o sinus_n h_o the_o bulbous_a part_n of_o the_o lateral_a sinus_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o specus_fw-la of_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la fig._n 5._o a_o a_o part_v of_o the_o lateral_a sinus_n cut_v off_o b_o b_o a_o lacerate_v portion_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n which_o involve_v that_o sinus_n expanded_a c_o the_o bulbous_a part_n of_o that_o sinus_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o specus_fw-la or_o cavity_n of_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la which_o be_v a_o diverticulum_n to_o the_o refluent_a blood_n lest_o it_o shall_v too_o sudden_o press_v into_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n d_o d_o d_o the_o filament_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n break_v off_o e_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n as_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o vein_n of_o this_o part_n differ_v from_o that_o of_o other_o so_o also_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o brain_n have_v a_o peculiar_a organization_n at_o their_o entrance_n from_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o those_o of_o other_o part_n as_o do_v somewhat_o appear_v in_o the_o follow_a figure_n we_o have_v also_o figure_v this_o disposition_n of_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o carotid_v artery_n find_v they_o much_o more_o tortuous_a than_o they_o be_v here_o represent_v vid._n app._n fig._n 3.13_o 14._o fig._n 6._o a_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o carotid_v artery_n pass_v towards_o the_o brain_n b_o c_o part_v of_o its_o membrane_n borrow_v of_o the_o dura_n mater_n separate_v and_o expanded_a d_o d_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o artery_n next_o the_o heart_n the_o vertebral_n artery_n also_o enter_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o skull_n very_o much_o contort_a as_o appear_v in_o the_o three_o figure_n of_o our_o appendix_n and_o again_o in_o the_o eight_o figure_n where_o two_o show_v their_o pass_v through_o the_o transverse_a process_n of_o the_o first_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n k_o k_o their_o trunk_n march_v between_o the_o first_o vertebra_n and_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la to_o the_o great_a foramen_fw-la of_o the_o last_o name_v bone_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v into_o the_o skull_n and_o afterward_o conjunct_o make_v up_o the_o cervical_a artery_n the_o design_n of_o these_o curvation_n in_o the_o artery_n before_o they_o enter_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o skull_n be_v to_o prevent_v too_o great_a a_o swiftness_n of_o the_o current_n of_o the_o blood_n through_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o be_v place_v so_o near_o the_o heart_n will_v also_o suffer_v by_o its_o too_o great_a pulsation_n be_v it_o not_o that_o the_o contort_a trunk_n of_o these_o artery_n lessen_v its_o force_n else_o the_o frequent_a disorderly_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n will_v make_v we_o as_o often_o incident_a to_o suffer_v great_a inconvenience_n in_o the_o brain_n yet_o nevertheless_o we_o be_v incident_a to_o suffer_v in_o some_o degree_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o passion_n of_o the_o mind_n wherein_o the_o heart_n be_v affect_v so_o sudden_o disorder_v the_o reason_n the_o seven_o table_n fig._n 1._o represent_v the_o posterior_n part_v of_o the_o brain_n as_o it_o appear_v lie_v on_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n it_o be_v upper_a part_n be_v free_v from_o the_o dura_n mater_n a_o a_o the_o hinder_v lobe_n of_o the_o brain_n raise_v and_o draw_v somewhat_o forward_o b_o c_o etc._n etc._n the_o ligature_n and_o two_o piece_n of_o wood_n make_v use_v of_o for_o the_o better_a support_v the_o brain_n in_o that_o position_n d_o d_o part_n of_o divers_a quadruplicature_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n e_o e_o a_o division_n of_o the_o second_o process_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n on_o the_o left_a side_n in_o which_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la appear_v f_o f_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la lay_v bare_a in_o that_o division_n g_o h_n the_o second_o process_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n on_o the_o right_a side_n entire_o cover_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la i_o i_o ay_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la whence_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o skull_n be_v divide_v k_o k_o the_o common_a integument_n of_o the_o head_n turn_v off_o fig._n 2._o the_o inner_a face_n of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la together_o with_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la etc._n etc._n a_o a_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la incline_v forward_o towards_o the_o cella_n turcica_n so_o that_o its_o back_n part_n which_o rest_v on_o the_o os_fw-mi occipitale_fw-it come_v in_o view_n b_o b_o the_o hindmost_a part_n of_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la in_o its_o passage_n out_o of_o the_o great_a foramen_fw-la of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la b_o the_o processus_n vermiformis_fw-la of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la c_o c_o c_o divers_a root_n of_o the_o eight_o nine_o and_o part_n of_o the_o ten_o pair_n of_o nerve_n a_o a_o the_o accessary_a nerve_n accompany_v those_o of_o the_o eight_o pair_n at_o their_o egress_n d_o d_o etc._n etc._n the_o crassa_n meninx_n or_o dura_n mater_n e_o e_o etc._n etc._n part_n of_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o skull_n f_o f_o the_o hairy_a scalp_n diffect_v g_o part_v of_o the_o pericranium_n raise_v h_o the_o left_a ear._n the_o eight_o table_n fig._n 1._o be_v part_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n together_o with_o the_o falx_n dry_v a_o a_o the_o falx_n support_v so_o as_o to_o show_v its_o proper_a extent_n and_o figure_n b_o b_o the_o sinus_n falcis_fw-la superior_n or_o longitudinalis_fw-la open_v c_o the_o sinus_n falcis_fw-la inferior_n not_o distinguish_v in_o this_o figure_n d_o d_o etc._n etc._n the_o orifice_n of_o vein_n open_v into_o the_o longitudinal_n sinus_n and_o trunk_n of_o other_o vein_n go_v to_o it_o e_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o longitudinal_n sinus_n at_o the_o o_o crista_n galli_n f_o f_o the_o left_a lateral_a sinus_n g_o g_o g_o two_o part_n of_o the_o quadruplicature_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n lie_v between_o the_o cerebrum_fw-la and_o cerebellum_fw-la h_o h_n etc._n etc._n the_o stick_v thread_n and_o pin_n make_v use_v of_o to_o support_v the_o membrane_n in_o dry_v it_o fig._n 2._o part_n of_o the_o above_o mention_v sinus_n distend_v with_o wind_n and_o dry_v together_o with_o part_n of_o the_o dura_n mater_n a_o the_o longitudinal_n sinus_n b_o b_o the_o two_o lateral_a sinus_n c_o the_o four_o sinus_n d_o a_o large_a vein_n which_o empty_v its_o blood_n at_o the_o conjunction_n of_o the_o four_o sinus_n which_o union_n of_o the_o sinus_n be_v call_v torcular_a herophili_n fig._n 3._o the_o connection_n or_o beginning_n of_o the_o falx_n at_o the_o o_o crista_n galli_n a_o the_o os_fw-la cribrosum_fw-la b_o the_o crista_n galli_n c_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o falx_n cleave_v to_o the_o crista_n galli_n fig._n 4._o part_v of_o the_o falx_n dry_v and_o express_v somewhat_o big_a than_o the_o life_n a_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o
of_o the_o obliquus_fw-la descendens_fw-la on_o the_o lest_o side_n indent_v with_o the_o last_o mention_v serratus_fw-la h_o the_o pectoralis_fw-la in_o situ_fw-la on_o the_o left_a side_n this_o muscle_n have_v a_o broad_a semicircular_a fleshy_a beginning_n above_o from_o near_a half_n the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o clavicula_fw-la b_o below_o from_o the_o os_fw-la pectoris_fw-la l_o and_o all_o the_o cartilaginous_a end_n of_o the_o six_o superior_a rib_n m_o m_n and_o from_o the_o bony_a part_n of_o the_o seven_o rib_n it_o have_v sometime_o a_o distinct_a fasciculus_fw-la of_o fleshy_a fibre_n which_o i_o have_v frequent_o see_v confound_v with_o the_o obliquus_fw-la descendens_fw-la hence_o it_o pass_v transverse_o over_o the_o upper-part_n of_o the_o biceps_fw-la cubiti_fw-la where_o it_o be_v make_v into_o a_o short_a and_o broad_a strong_a tendon_n insert_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o external_n part_n of_o the_o os_fw-la humeri_fw-la above_o the_o termination_n of_o the_o deltoide_n ay_o the_o right_a pectoral_a muscle_n raise_v where_o the_o decussation_n of_o its_o fibre_n near_o its_o insertion_n be_v well_o express_v this_o cross_v of_o its_o fibres_n be_v a_o contrivance_n in_o nature_n to_o render_v its_o action_n more_o vigorous_a the_o fibre_n of_o its_o upper-part_n descend_v to_o the_o lower-part_n of_o its_o implantation_n to_o the_o os_fw-la humeri_fw-la and_o those_o of_o its_o lower-part_n ascend_v to_o the_o superior_a cross_v each_o other_o with_o acute_a angle_n this_o muscle_n be_v call_v adductor_n humeri_fw-la when_o it_o act_n it_o move_v the_o arm_n various_o according_a to_o the_o operation_n of_o its_o several_a series_n of_o fibres_n k_o the_o serratus_fw-la minor_n anticus_fw-la raise_v from_o its_o implantation_n at_o the_o bony_a part_n of_o the_o second_o third_z four_o and_o five_o rib_n and_o leave_v at_o its_o origin_n at_o the_o processus_n carocoide_v scapulae_fw-la l_o the_o os_fw-la pectoris_fw-la or_o sternum_fw-la m_o m_o the_o cartilaginous_a end_n of_o the_o superior_a rib_n connex_v to_o the_o sternum_fw-la n_o n_o the_o deltoide_n vide_fw-la tab._n 66._o xx._n o_o o_o the_o superior_a part_n of_o the_o recti_fw-la abdominis_fw-la vide_fw-la tab._n 32_o fig._n 1._o n_o o_o etc._n etc._n p_o part_v of_o the_o coracobrachialis_fw-la vide_fw-la tab._n 65._o f._n q_o part_v of_o the_o biceps_fw-la cubiti_fw-la tab._n ib._n 1._o the_o twenty-first_a table_n show_v the_o sternum_n raise_v and_o the_o principal_a organ_n contain_v in_o the_o thorax_n partly_o in_o view_n a_o the_o inner-face_n of_o the_o sternum_n or_o os_fw-la pectoris_fw-la b_o b_o the_o cartilage_n of_o the_o true_a rib_n cut_v from_o the_o bony_a extremity_n of_o the_o rib_n and_o leave_v at_o their_o connexion_n to_o the_o sternum_fw-la upon_o these_o cartilage_n be_v place_v the_o musculi_fw-la triangulares_n which_o muscle_n arise_v from_o the_o inferior_a and_o internal_a part_n of_o the_o sternum_n and_o after_o a_o oblique_a progress_n be_v insert_v to_o the_o bony_a end_n of_o the_o four_o five_o six_z and_o sometime_o seven_o and_o eight_o rib_n these_o triangular_a muscle_n scarce_o appear_v in_o macilent_a subject_n as_o be_v express_v in_o this_o figure_n c_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la free_v from_o the_o os_fw-la pectoris_fw-la where_o in_o humane_a body_n it_o appear_v double_a be_v a_o continuation_n of_o the_o pleura_fw-la from_o both_o side_n the_o internal_a part_n of_o the_o thorax_n whence_o it_o descend_v and_o firm_o cleave_v to_o the_o pericardium_n divide_v the_o thorax_n into_o two_o cavity_n and_o the_o right_a lobe_n of_o the_o lung_n from_o the_o left_a in_o this_o progress_n of_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la it_o part_v with_o one_o of_o its_o laminae_fw-la to_o cover_v the_o large_a blood-vessel_n within_o the_o thorax_n a_o triangular_a interstice_n be_v frame_v immediate_o under_o the_o sternum_fw-la at_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o pleura_fw-la from_o each_o side_n as_o it_o descend_v to_o compose_v the_o mediastinum_fw-la nor_o be_v this_o interstice_n a_o empty_a space_n as_o it_o be_v common_o suppose_v but_o be_v interweave_v with_o various_a order_n of_o fibres_n frame_v loculi_fw-la or_o little_a cell_n real_a columbus_n lib._n xi_o cap._n iii._o proposes_n the_o let_v out_o of_o pus_fw-la collect_v in_o this_o interstice_n by_o perforate_n the_o sternum_fw-la as_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la plain_o appear_v a_o continuation_n of_o the_o pleuraâ—_n â—_z so_o its_o backpart_n be_v evident_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o same_o membrane_n as_o it_o advance_v towards_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o back_n in_o dissect_v a_o morbid_v body_n i_o find_v the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n so_o extend_v with_o a_o serous_a humour_n as_o its_o external_n appearance_n especial_o at_o the_o cartilaginous_a end_n of_o the_o true_a rib_n be_v prominent_a nor_o will_v the_o least_o portion_n of_o the_o lung_n on_o the_o same_o side_n swim_v in_o common_a water_n but_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n in_o this_o subject_n i_o can_v not_o find_v any_o part_n of_o the_o hydropic_a or_o serous_a humour_n in_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o thorax_n but_o the_o lung_n on_o that_o side_n in_o no_o very_a ill_a state_n by_o this_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la adequate_o divide_v the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o thorax_n from_o the_o left_a the_o mediastinum_fw-la also_o support_v the_o pericardium_n leave_v its_o flaccidity_n impede_fw-la the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o sustain_v the_o trunk_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o par_fw-fr vagum_fw-la in_o their_o progress_n through_o the_o thorax_n the_o diaphragm_n be_v also_o say_v to_o be_v suspend_v by_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la leave_v the_o liver_n to_o who_o lowerside_n it_o be_v connex_v shall_v become_v insupportable_a the_o mediastinum_fw-la receive_v artery_n from_o the_o mammary_n and_o intercostal_a branch_n it_o have_v two_o large_a vein_n which_o discharge_v their_o blood_n into_o the_o subclavian_n and_o neighbour_a trunk_n its_o nerve_n be_v say_v to_o spring_n from_o the_o eight_o pair_n the_o lymphducts_a of_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la pass_v towards_o the_o thymus_n d_o d_o the_o pericardium_n or_o capsula_fw-la cordis_n open_v and_o pin_v up_o the_o pericardium_n arise_v from_o the_o large_a vessel_n at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v compose_v of_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o pleura_fw-la or_o mediastinum_fw-la it_o adhere_v to_o the_o diaphragm_n below_o and_o lateral_o to_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la it_o have_v blood-vessel_n from_o the_o diaphragm_n and_o mammary-vessel_n according_a to_o the_o accurate_a ruysch_n in_o his_o late_o publish_v epistle_n the_o capillary_a extremity_n of_o these_o blood-vessel_n be_v very_o numerous_a as_o will_v appear_v when_o inject_v with_o mercury_n there_o be_v divers_a lymphducts_a on_o the_o pericardium_n which_o convey_v the_o lympha_fw-la to_o the_o thoracick-duct_a the_o gland_n which_o be_v in_o the_o pericardium_n and_o at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o separate_v that_o humour_n employ_v in_o moisten_v the_o inside_n of_o that_o membrane_n and_o surface_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o to_o be_v discover_v by_o the_o naked_a eye_n in_o ordinary_a dissection_n no_o more_o than_o those_o on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la and_o surface_n of_o the_o intestine_n which_o afford_v a_o humour_n to_o lubricate_v those_o part_n but_o when_o either_o of_o these_o part_n be_v disease_a so_o that_o those_o gland_n be_v affect_v their_o existence_n then_o be_v demonstrable_a as_o appear_v in_o the_o pericardium_n of_o a_o infant_n i_o late_o dissect_v where_o the_o neighbour_a part_n and_o pericardium_n its_o self_n be_v apostumate_v in_o the_o pericardium_n of_o this_o subject_a we_o find_v two_o or_o three_o ounce_n of_o purulent_a matter_n in_o place_n of_o the_o serous_a humour_n and_o the_o external_n membrane_n of_o the_o heart_n so_o loosen_a as_o its_o surface_n appear_v villous_a nor_o do_v any_o fat_a appear_v on_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n in_o a_o adult_n person_n who_o die_v sudden_o i_o find_v the_o pericardium_n somewhat_o thicken_v and_o no_o humour_n contain_v in_o it_o but_o in_o two_o or_o three_o place_n cleave_v to_o the_o heart_n especial_o near_o its_o basis_n and_o the_o heart_n itself_o entire_o cover_v with_o fat_a the_o use_v of_o the_o pericardium_n be_v to_o defend_v the_o heart_n in_o its_o systole_n from_o the_o neighbour_a part_n and_o to_o contain_v a_o humour_n to_o moisten_v the_o external_n surface_n of_o the_o heart_n e_o the_o heart_n lie_v within_o the_o pericardium_n f_o f_o part_n of_o the_o lung_n on_o both_o side_n the_o thorax_n in_o situ_fw-la g_o the_o thymus_n in_o situ_fw-la the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o thymas_n vary_v according_a to_o the_o age_n of_o the_o body_n in_o a_o faetus_fw-la two_o month_n after_o conception_n it_o be_v large_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o
body_n than_o in_o one_o of_o five_o or_o six_o month_n in_o a_o faetus_fw-la of_o nine_o month_n it_o almost_o fill_v the_o interstice_n which_o the_o lung_n after_o the_o birth_n begin_v to_o take_v up_o in_o the_o upper-part_n of_o the_o thorax_n the_o thymus_n after_o the_o birth_n gradual_o decrease_v except_o the_o upper-part_n of_o the_o cavity_n in_o the_o thorax_n be_v capacious_a enough_o for_o its_o reception_n as_o appear_v in_o a_o anatomical_a subject_n i_o late_o dissect_v of_o thirty_o year_n of_o age_n in_o who_o the_o thymus_n be_v very_o large_a i_o must_v confess_v i_o never_o yet_o meet_v with_o a_o subject_a though_o never_o so_o old_a in_o who_o the_o thymus_n be_v want_v in_o those_o bodiâ—â—_n the_o thymus_n be_v less_o than_o ordinary_a we_o find_v the_o subclavian_n gland_n those_o of_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n and_o the_o glandule_n thyraidam_n large_a as_o they_o late_o appear_v in_o a_o boy_n of_o about_o eight_o year_n of_o age._n in_o woman_n the_o thymus_n and_o thyroid_fw-fr gland_n be_v large_a than_o in_o man_n but_o the_o subclavian_n gland_n be_v less_o by_o reason_n the_o claviculae_fw-la in_o woman_n be_v straight_o and_o short_a than_o those_o of_o man_n whence_o a_o much_o less_o interstice_n be_v frain_v for_o entertain_v those_o gland_n i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o find_v the_o lymphducts_a fill_v with_o wax_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o thymus_n and_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o upper-part_n of_o the_o thoracick-duct_a by_o inject_v that_o dust_n by_o the_o vesica_fw-la chyli_n see_v app._n fig._n 12._o d._n from_o what_o have_v be_v abovesaid_a it_o appear_v the_o thymus_n bear_v a_o proportion_n to_o the_o head_n whether_o in_o the_o faetus_fw-la or_o in_o body_n before_o they_o become_v adult_n which_o we_o conceive_v be_v in_o order_n to_o receive_v a_o proportionable_a quantity_n of_o lympha_fw-la derive_v from_o thence_o and_o as_o the_o subclavian_n gland_n of_o woman_n be_v less_o than_o those_o of_o man_n so_o the_o thyroide_v gland_n and_o thymus_n be_v large_a hence_o also_o it_o appear_v the_o thymus_n be_v a_o lymphatic_a gland_n and_o vary_v its_o magnitude_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la that_o be_v necessary_o transmit_v through_o it_o from_o the_o superior_a part_n or_o as_o the_o neighbour_a lymphatic_a gland_n do_v more_o or_o less_o transmit_v their_o lympha_fw-la to_o it_o beside_o this_o common_a office_n of_o the_o thymus_n whether_o in_o the_o faetus_fw-la or_o adult_fw-la it_o have_v another_o use_n which_o be_v first_o suggest_v to_o i_o by_o inject_v a_o liquid_a into_o the_o thoracick-duct_a when_o find_v it_o not_o only_o fill_v the_o lymphducts_a of_o the_o thymus_n but_o the_o thymus_n itself_o be_v extend_v with_o it_o the_o like_a observation_n i_o since_o find_v be_v make_v by_o the_o expert_a anatomist_n dr._n tyson_n some_o time_n since_o whence_o i_o conceive_v the_o thymus_n and_o its_o lymphducts_a be_v diverticula_n to_o the_o chyle_n when_o too_o great_a a_o quantity_n be_v press_v foreward_n towards_o the_o subclavian_n vein_n i_o know_v it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o valve_n of_o the_o lymphducts_a oppose_v this_o contrary_a course_n of_o liquor_n in_o they_o but_o repeat_v observation_n convince_v i_o that_o not_o only_o these_o lymphducts_a of_o the_o thymus_n which_o be_v large_a and_o have_v very_o few_o if_o any_o valve_n as_o appear_v by_o their_o be_v inject_v with_o wax_n but_o those_o of_o the_o loin_n and_o their_o gland_n from_o whence_o they_o arise_v be_v frequent_o fill_v with_o chyle_n when_o no_o compress_v be_v make_v on_o the_o thoracick-duct_a hence_o it_o be_v a_o milky_a liquor_n have_v be_v common_o find_v in_o the_o thymus_n but_o more_o frequent_a in_o that_o of_o a_o pâ—tus_n than_o iâ—_n a_o adult_n and_o that_o not_o only_o because_o the_o thymus_n and_o its_o lymphducts_a be_v much_o large_a proportionable_o in_o the_o former_a state_n or_o faetus_fw-la but_o the_o bend_a position_n of_o the_o thoracick-duct_a of_o the_o fetus_n in_o vterâ—_n render_v the_o ascent_n of_o the_o chyle_n by_o that_o dust_n more_o liable_a to_o regurgitate_v by_o the_o lymphducts_a of_o the_o thymus_n h_o h_n the_o forepart_n of_o the_o diaphragma_n free_v from_o the_o cartilaginous_a end_n of_o the_o rib_n and_o pin_v up_o the_o twenty-second_a table_n fig._n 1._o the_o heart_n with_o part_n of_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o great_a vein_n and_o artery_n cut_v off_o a_o a_o the_o proper_a membrane_n of_o the_o heart_n a_o portion_n of_o which_o be_v raise_v and_o hang_v down_o b_o b_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o heart_n adorn_v with_o in_o coronary_a vessel_n c_o ψ_n part_v of_o the_o right_a auricle_n of_o the_o heart_n c_o the_o left_a auricle_n on_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n d_o the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n e_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la which_o convey_v the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o the_o whole_a field_n of_o the_o body_n into_o the_o right_a auricle_n of_o the_o heart_n when_o the_o heart_n iâ—_n iâ—_n systole_n whence_o the_o blood_n be_v again_o transmit_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n when_o it_o be_v in_o diastole_n so_o that_o when_o the_o auricles_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o diastole_n or_o relaxation_n they_o be_v fill_v with_o blood_n and_o the_o heart_n itself_o be_v in_o systole_n or_o contraction_n and_o vice_n versa_fw-la when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o diastole_n the_o auricles_n be_v in_o systole_n f_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la or_o vena_fw-la arteriosa_fw-la which_o carry_v the_o blood_n from_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n into_o the_o lung_n g_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonica_n or_o arteria_fw-la venosa_fw-la which_o convey_v the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o the_o lung_n into_o the_o left_a auricle_n and_o ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n not_o unlike_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la etc._n etc._n h_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la arise_v out_o of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n which_o convey_v the_o mass_n of_o blood_n from_o the_o heart_n through_o the_o field_n of_o the_o body_n from_o who_o capillary_a extremity_n the_o vein_n be_v continue_v as_o appear_v by_o a_o microscope_n in_o the_o transparent_a part_n of_o live_a animal_n see_v app._n fig._n 4._o and_o 5._o fig._n 2._o the_o heart_n divest_v of_o its_o external_n membrane_n and_o carnous_a fibre_n after_o boil_a so_o that_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o subjacent_a fibre_n may_v appear_v the_o way_n of_o prepare_v the_o heart_n to_o exhibit_v this_o disposition_n of_o its_o fibre_n may_v be_v practise_v after_o the_o follow_a manner_n the_o heart_n with_o portion_n of_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o large_a blood-vessel_n be_v take_v off_o the_o blood_n as_o well_o within_o its_o ventricles_n as_o blood-vessel_n be_v evacuate_v then_o with_o tow_n or_o piece_n of_o rag_n fill_v the_o ventricles_n auricles_n and_o large_a vessel_n on_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o large_a blood-vessel_n be_v stitch_v up_o lest_o their_o content_n shall_v be_v extrude_v by_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n in_o boil_a this_o do_v boyl_n it_o according_a to_o its_o bulk_n if_o it_o be_v the_o heart_n of_o a_o ox_n etc._n etc._n boyl_n it_o four_o or_o five_o hour_n if_o of_o a_o man_n one_o or_o two_n n._n b._n this_o figure_n be_v print_v reverse_v a_o a_o sinus_n place_v between_o both_o ventricles_n in_o which_o a_o large_a trunk_n of_o one_o of_o the_o coronary_a artery_n be_v convey_v b_o the_o cochleated_a or_o oblique_a descend_a order_n of_o fibres_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n c_o the_o external_n and_o oblique_a descend_v order_n of_o fibres_n of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n which_o decussate_fw-it the_o former_a or_o subjacent_a fibre_n in_o acute_a angle_n d_o part_v of_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la e_o the_o aorta_fw-la ee_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o coronary_a artery_n f_o the_o right_a auricle_n g_o the_o left_a fig._n 3._o a_o the_o sinus_n above_o mention_v between_o the_o ventricles_n b_o the_o tortuous_a disposition_n of_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n c_o those_o of_o the_o left_a the_o heart_n consist_v chief_o of_o divers_a strata_n of_o oblique_a descend_v fibre_n the_o external_n pass_o more_o straight_o or_o less_o contort_a than_o the_o internal_a whence_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o external_n fibres_n be_v see_v to_o decussate_fw-it they_fw-mi internal_a with_o acute_a angle_n the_o former_a arise_v from_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n and_o end_v in_o the_o cone_n the_o late_a arise_v from_o the_o same_o place_n and_o terminate_v either_o in_o the_o '_o parietes_fw-la of_o the_o ventricles_n or_o columnae_n carneae_fw-la fig._n 7._o g_o g_o from_o which_o divers_a tenditious_a filament_n be_v continue_v to_o the_o lower-part_n of_o the_o tricuspid_n
and_o mitral_a valve_n d_o the_o aorta_fw-mi divide_v between_o its_o origin_n from_o the_o heart_n and_o valve_n and_o recline_v to_o one_o side_n hang_v by_o its_o twoâ—_n coronary_a artery_n express_v fig._n 2._o e_fw-la e._n e_o e_o the_o three_o semilunary_a valve_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi which_o hinder_v a_o return_n of_o the_o blood_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o diastole_n fig._n 4._o the_o concourse_n of_o fibres_n near_o the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o they_o appear_v after_o a_o transverse_a section_n fig._n 5._o some_o fasciculi_fw-la of_o fibres_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n a_o b_o the_o two_o tendinous_a extremity_n of_o the_o oblique_a fleshy_a fibre_n express_v fig._n two_o 3._o c_o the_o fleshy_a part_n of_o the_o fibre_n between_o the_o two_o tendon_n d_o the_o collateral_a fibre_n which_o appear_v in_o divide_v the_o last_o mention_v fasciculi_fw-la nor_o be_v these_o any_o other_o than_o part_v of_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o divide_v fasciculus_fw-la and_o lay_v parallel_n to_o each_o other_o according_a to_o their_o length_n the_o blood-vessel_n and_o nerve_n pass_v between_o these_o fibre_n make_v a_o reticular_a appearance_n when_o divide_v as_o here_o express_v fig._n 6._o the_o right_a auricle_n and_o part_n of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n a_o a_o the_o right_a auricle_n expanded_a b_o b_o b_o the_o three_o tricuspid_a valve_n two_o of_o which_o be_v extend_v by_o pin_v out_o their_o tendon_n derive_v from_o the_o columnae_n carneae_fw-la see_v fig._n 7._o g_o g_o fig._n 10._o a_o inferior_n the_o office_n of_o the_o auricles_n be_v to_o receive_v part_n of_o the_o refluent_a blood_n whilst_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o systole_n and_o to_o discharge_v that_o blood_n again_o into_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n when_o it_o be_v in_o diastole_n so_o that_o the_o auricles_n of_o the_o heart_n seem_v as_o diverticula_n to_o the_o blood_n in_o its_o pass_n into_o its_o ventricles_n else_o a_o repercussion_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o vein_n will_v necessary_o happen_v in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o will_v prevent_v the_o regular_a influx_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o the_o ventricles_n fig._n 7._o the_o heart_n with_o its_o left_a ventricle_n open_v a_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la b_o the_o aorta_fw-mi in_o like_a manner_n open_v c_o c_o the_o septum_fw-la cordis_n which_o divide_v the_o right_a ventricle_n from_o the_o left_a d_o the_o left_a auricle_n entire_a which_o in_o humane_a body_n be_v very_o little_a as_o appear_v by_o this_o figure_n and_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n very_o large_a d_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o arterìa_n pulmonica_n cut_v off_o e_o e_o two_o of_o the_o three_o semilunary_a valve_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la which_o hinder_v the_o reflux_n of_o the_o blood_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o diastole_n in_o which_o action_n they_o be_v express_v fig._n 3._o e_o e._n f_o f_o the_o two_o mitral_a valve_n in_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n which_o prevent_v the_o blood_n repass_v that_o vessel_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o systole_n g_o g_o the_o carneae_fw-la columnae_n compose_v of_o muscular_a fibres_n derive_v from_o those_o of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o heart_n whençe_v divers_a small_a tendinous_a filament_n do_v arise_v and_o be_v faltn_v to_o the_o inferior_a limbus_n of_o the_o mitral_a valve_n by_o which_o mean_v those_o valve_n be_v draw_v down_o towards_o the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o prevent_v the_o blood_n from_o pass_v out_o again_o that_o way_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o systole_n i_o know_v dr._n lower_v in_o his_o accurate_a book_n de_fw-fr cord_n suppose_n that_o these_o mitral_a and_o tricuspid_a valve_n be_v relax_v in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o by_o their_o rise_n up_o stop_v up_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o vein_n but_o if_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o these_o part_n be_v attentive_o consider_v in_o a_o large_a animal_n as_o in_o a_o ox_n etc._n etc._n it_o will_v appear_v reasonable_a to_o conceive_v that_o these_o mitral_a and_o tricuspid_a valve_n be_v rather_o draw_v down_o than_o suffer_v extrusion_n upward_o nor_o need_v nature_n have_v be_v at_o any_o trouble_n in_o make_v those_o valve_n at_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o vein_n any_o otherwise_o than_o the_o reverse_n of_o the_o semilunary_a valve_n of_o artery_n if_o as_o the_o expert_a dr._n low_a suppose_n they_o be_v drive_v up_o and_o extend_v like_o a_o sail_n with_o wind_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o systole_n but_o by_o fasten_v those_o tendinous_a fibre_n to_o the_o lower-part_n of_o those_o tricuspid_n and_o mitral_a valve_n which_o be_v of_o a_o conical_a figure_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o they_o can_v suffer_v such_o extension_n upward_o without_o let_v some_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n repass_v they_o in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n beside_o there_o must_v constant_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n remain_v in_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n if_o those_o valve_n be_v so_o dispose_v in_o its_o systole_n which_o i_o think_v the_o dr._n himself_o seem_v no_o where_o to_o conceive_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v with_o great_a strength_n adequate_o compress_v in_o its_o systole_n for_o which_o end_v the_o inside_n of_o its_o ventricles_n be_v compose_v of_o divers_a fleshy_a column_n between_o which_o divers_a intersticia_n necessary_o result_v that_o be_v elegant_o express_v in_o this_o figure_n by_o which_o mean_n the_o ventricles_n be_v more_o exact_o close_v in_o their_o systole_n than_o they_o can_v have_v be_v have_v they_o be_v smooth_a fig._n 8._o the_o heart_n with_o its_o right_a ventricle_n open_v a_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o right_a auricle_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o it_o appear_v when_o open_v and_o pin_v out_o b_o the_o left_a auricle_n entire_a c_o the_o coronary_a blood-vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n from_o these_o particular_o from_o the_o artery_n spring_v those_o of_o the_o auricles_n and_o large_a blood-vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o the_o accurate_a ruysch_n describe_v they_o in_o his_o anatomical_a epistle_n pag._n 15._o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o heart_n spring_n from_o the_o eight_o pair_n and_o intercostal_a nerve_n a_o particular_a description_n of_o which_o may_v be_v find_v in_o dr._n lower_n book_n de_n cord_n and_o vieussenius_fw-la nervographia_fw-la d_o part_v of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n open_v e_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la arteriosa_fw-la or_o arteria_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la divide_v and_o expand_v f_o f_o f_o the_o three_o valvulae_fw-la sigmoide_n or_o semilunare_n which_o oppose_v the_o return_n of_o the_o blood_n from_o the_o lung_n by_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonica_n into_o the_o heart_n when_o it_o be_v in_o diastole_n fig._n 9_o a_o a_o the_o heart_n cut_v transverse_o b_o that_o part_n of_o it_o next_o its_o basis._n c_o that_o next_o its_o cone_n d_o d_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n e_o the_o leave_v f_o the_o septum_fw-la cordis_n or_o the_o partition_n between_o the_o two_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n g_o g_o a_o stylus_fw-la put_v through_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n h_o h_n another_o pass_v from_o the_o same_o ventricle_n through_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la i_o i_o a_o stylus_fw-la in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n pass_v out_o at_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la k_o k_o another_o insert_v into_o the_o same_o ventricle_n by_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonica_n fig._n 10._o a_o inferior_n a_o portion_n of_o the_o columna_fw-la carnis_fw-la of_o one_o of_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o heart_n cut_v off_o see_v fig._n 7._o g_o g_o in_o situ_fw-la b_o the_o tendinous_a fibre_n derive_v from_o the_o fleshy_a column_n and_o fasten_v to_o the_o inferior_a margin_n of_o one_o of_o the_o tricuspid_a valve_n a_o a_o superior_n portion_n of_o the_o tricuspid_a valve_n fig._n 11._o the_o coronary_a blood-vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o they_o appear_v on_o its_o surface_n when_o inject_v after_o dry_n the_o whole_a heart_n a_o a_o the_o artery_n fill_v with_o mercury_n fix_v with_o tin_n b_o b_o the_o vein_n extend_v with_o wax_n fig._n 12._o a_o portion_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la next_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n a_o a_o part_n of_o the_o mitral_a valve_n pin_v out_o by_o their_o tendon_n fig._n 13._o the_o inner_a surface_n of_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la cut_v off_o at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n when_o divide_v and_o expand_v a_o a_o a_o a_o the_o three_o semilunary_a valve_n well_o express_v when_o pin_v out_o one_o of_o they_o be_v cut_v through_o in_o its_o middle_a in_o divide_v the_o great_a artery_n fig._n
the_o right_a gut_n and_o pudenda_fw-la some_o to_o the_o hip_n some_o to_o the_o thigh_n and_o leg_n as_o well_o internal_o as_o external_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o principal_a distribution_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi in_o the_o next_o place_n professor_n bidloo_n give_v we_o the_o anatomy_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o anatomy_n of_o the_o blood_n chemical_o perform_v say_v he_o it_o be_v manifest_a there_o be_v a_o water_n in_o it_o which_o as_o well_o as_o it_o can_v be_v be_v simple_o to_o be_v consider_v a_o spirit_n and_o salt_n both_o fix_v and_o volatile_a though_o by_o this_o method_n he_o very_o well_o say_v some_o part_n be_v very_o accurate_o discover_v yet_o do_v it_o exceed_o destroy_v the_o appearance_n of_o some_o figure_n which_o ought_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v alter_v wherefore_o he_o propose_v the_o follow_a figure_n fig._n 16._o a_o a_o small_a drop_n of_o blood_n enclose_v in_o a_o glass_n tube_n and_o its_o particle_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o microscope_n be_v represent_v very_o much_o magnify_v b_o the_o globular_a bladder_n c_o the_o little_a fibres_n various_o turn_v lay_v and_o dispose_v according_a to_o bidloo_n i_o must_v confess_v i_o have_v frequent_o view_v the_o blood_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o here_o express_v with_o a_o microscope_n and_o have_v constant_o observe_v its_o appearance_n as_o here_o represent_v nor_o can_v i_o ever_o apprehend_v the_o blood_n be_v furnish_v with_o fibres_n so_o much_o talk_v of_o but_o that_o the_o fibrous_a appearance_n it_o have_v when_o any_o blood-vessel_n be_v open_a in_o the_o mouth_n or_o in_o bleed_v into_o warm_a water_n and_o the_o like_a be_v owe_v to_o a_o coagulation_n of_o its_o serum_fw-la by_o which_o mean_v its_o globule_n be_v entangle_v and_o frame_v those_o fibrous_a body_n the_o streak_a mass_n represent_v at_o d_o e._n according_a to_o bidloo_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v proceed_v from_o a_o coagulation_n of_o the_o serous_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n by_o seal_v the_o tube_n hermetical_o in_o do_v which_o the_o glass_n must_v be_v heat_v to_o this_o our_o author_n add_v another_o way_n of_o anatomise_v the_o blood_n thus_o the_o watery_a whitish_a liquor_n which_o be_v of_o a_o different_a substance_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o cold_a coagulate_v mass_n of_o blood_n and_o set_v on_o the_o fire_n thicken_v in_o a_o short_a time_n the_o red_a part_n which_o remain_v of_o which_o the_o more_o fluid_a part_n be_v frequent_o wash_v away_o with_o warm_a water_n appear_v like_o a_o grumou_n heap_v every_o particle_n of_o which_o resemble_v a_o globular_a bladder_n of_o which_o some_o be_v transparent_a other_o not_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o mass_n which_o consist_v of_o very_o flexible_a fibres_n according_a to_o bidloo_n and_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n and_o cold_a become_v very_o tough_a tensile_n and_o seem_v like_o network_n owe_v that_o appearance_n to_o a_o combination_n of_o the_o globule_n various_o stratify_v on_o each_o other_o the_o three_o way_n which_o our_o author_n propose_v of_o inquire_v into_o the_o blood_n be_v when_o the_o blood_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o serum_fw-la or_o liquor_n it_o swim_v in_o and_o put_v on_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n daub_v over_o with_o lard_n be_v become_v a_o little_a dry_a after_o a_o external_n view_v of_o the_o particle_n gentle_o with_o the_o finger_n break_v off_o a_o little_a of_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n in_o which_o you_o will_v present_o behold_v little_a globe_n of_o a_o differ_a frame_n and_o figure_n little_a fibres_n and_o streak_n of_o the_o same_o kind_a the_o twenty-fourth_a table_n fig._n 1._o the_o forepart_n of_o all_o the_o viscera_n within_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n when_o take_v out_o together_o a_o the_o heart_n cover_v with_o the_o pericardium_n and_o hang_v to_o the_o lung_n by_o its_o membrane_n and_o vessel_n b_o b_o the_o descend_v trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la on_o the_o right_a side_n and_o the_o aorta_fw-mi on_o the_o left_a b_o b_o b_o the_o ascend_v branch_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la which_o make_v the_o two_o carotide_n and_o right_a subclavian_n branch_n c_o part_v of_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la cut_v from_o the_o sternum_fw-la d_o d_o the_o right_a and_o left_a anterior_a lobe_n of_o the_o lung_n e_o e_o the_o two_o posterior_n lobe_n of_o the_o lung_n f_o part_v of_o the_o windpipe_n g_o g_o portion_n of_o the_o nerve_n call_v par_n vagum_fw-la h_o part_v of_o the_o gala._n in_o free_v the_o lung_n from_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n we_o frequent_o find_v their_o outward_a membrane_n cleave_v to_o the_o pleura_fw-la nor_o have_v any_o know_a inconvenience_n attend_v such_o person_n when_o live_v the_o many_o phoenomena_fw-la which_o have_v occur_v to_o our_o observation_n in_o dissect_v morbid_v body_n in_o who_o these_o part_n have_v be_v disease_a be_v too_o numerous_a to_o be_v insert_v in_o this_o place_n wherefore_o i_o shall_v only_o mention_v what_o i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o take_v notice_n of_o in_o examine_v these_o part_n when_o they_o have_v not_o be_v disease_a viz._n by_o blow_v into_o the_o blood-vessel_n i._n e._n the_o vena_fw-la arteriosa_fw-la and_o arteria_fw-la venosa_fw-la those_o vessel_n derive_v from_o the_o pleura_fw-la as_o well_o as_o those_o by_o ruysch_n call_v arteriae_fw-la bronchales_n corresponding_n to_o which_o i_o have_v frequent_o observe_v vein_n which_o empty_a themselves_o into_o the_o subclavian_n branch_n all_o which_o i_o have_v find_v to_o communicate_v with_o each_o other_o upon_o distension_n by_o which_o we_o may_v be_v inform_v the_o blood_n do_v not_o enjoy_v such_o particular_a vessel_n in_o its_o circulation_n through_o these_o part_n as_o some_o have_v conceive_v but_o that_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o right_a auricle_n of_o the_o heart_n may_v pass_v into_o the_o bronchial_a vein_n as_o well_o as_o into_o the_o arteria_fw-la venosa_fw-la and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o blood_n spring_a from_o the_o bronchial_a artery_n may_v partly_o pass_v into_o the_o left_a auricle_n of_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o arteria_fw-la venosa_fw-la as_o well_o as_o by_o its_o corresponding_n bronchial_a vein_n before_o mention_v fig._n 2._o part_v of_o one_o of_o the_o lobe_n of_o the_o lung_n cut_v off_o and_o a_o division_n make_v according_a to_o its_o length_n so_o that_o a_o branch_a of_o the_o blood-vessel_n and_o bronchus_n do_v appear_v a_o a_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n or_o arteria_fw-la venosa_fw-la lie_v on_o that_o of_o the_o bronchus_n b_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o bronchus_n c_o the_o pulmonick_a artery_n or_o vena_fw-la arteriosa_fw-la cut_v transverse_o lie_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o bronchia_fw-la fig._n 3._o another_o lobe_n of_o the_o lung_n dissect_v as_o in_o the_o precede_a figure_n a_o a_o b_o b_o the_o ramification_n of_o the_o pulmonick_a artery_n accompany_v those_o of_o the_o bronchia_fw-la see_v tab._n 25._o fig._n 10._o c_o the_o external_n membrane_n of_o the_o lung_n raise_v and_o pin_v out_o to_o show_v its_o blood-vessel_n these_o vessel_n partly_o arise_v from_o the_o pulmonick_a vessel_n last_o mention_v and_o partly_o from_o the_o arteriae_fw-la and_o venae_fw-la bronchiales_n as_o appear_v from_o what_o have_v be_v above_o note_a and_o do_v frequent_o germinate_v and_o inosculate_a with_o the_o intercostal_a vein_n and_o artery_n of_o the_o pleura_fw-la the_o germination_n and_o inosculation_n of_o these_o vessel_n i_o have_v have_v frequent_a opportunity_n of_o observe_v to_o be_v in_o several_a little_a parcel_n or_o fasciculi_fw-la and_o of_o a_o inch_n or_o two_o in_o length_n between_o the_o lung_n and_o pleura_fw-la they_o very_o often_o appear_v in_o filament_n more_o or_o less_o divide_v and_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v be_v frequent_o the_o beginning_n of_o those_o adhesion_n of_o the_o lung_n with_o the_o pleura_fw-la fig._n 4._o a_o a_o the_o bronchia_fw-la or_o branch_n of_o the_o trachea_n make_v bare_a b_o b_o part_v of_o the_o lung_n fig._n 5._o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o larynx_n and_o part_n of_o the_o windpipe_n together_o with_o the_o common_a muscle_n of_o the_o larynx_n etc._n etc._n a_o b_o the_o musculus_fw-la sternothyroideus_n not_o well_o express_v it_o be_v here_o as_o it_o be_v continuous_a with_o the_o hyothyroideus_n c_o e._n d_o the_o os_fw-mi hyoide_n or_o bone_n of_o the_o tongue_n recline_v lateral_o f_o the_o upper_a and_o forepart_n of_o the_o epiglottis_fw-la in_o situ_fw-la g_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o scutiformal_a cartilege_n h_o h_n the_o musculi_fw-la cricothyroidei_fw-la on_o the_o left_a side_n one_o of_o they_o hang_v down_o at_o its_o beginning_n the_o other_o remain_v in_o situ_fw-la these_o muscle_n spring_v from_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o annular_a cartilege_n and_o be_v soon_o insert_v to_o the_o internal_a and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o
lobuli_n of_o one_o of_o the_o lobe_n of_o the_o lung_n dr._n willis_n who_o have_v give_v a_o figure_n of_o these_o lobuli_n after_o the_o manner_n as_o they_o be_v here_o represent_v say_v that_o by_o fill_v the_o bronchia_fw-la with_o a_o liquid_a these_o lobuli_n may_v be_v separate_v from_o each_o other_o i_o must_v confess_v i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o attempt_v to_o divide_v these_o lobuli_n but_o can_v not_o be_v satisfy_v of_o their_o appearance_n like_o this_o figure_n the_o external_n surface_n of_o the_o lobuli_n in_o the_o foetus_fw-la appear_v angular_a and_o be_v in_o a_o cubical_a manner_n place_v by_o each_o other_o a_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o bronchia_fw-la where_o the_o holes_n for_o divers_a of_o its_o ramification_n which_o pass_v out_o of_o it_o and_o the_o straight_a progress_n of_o the_o fibre_n of_o its_o internal_a membrane_n do_v appear_v b_o b_o the_o bronchia_fw-la divide_v into_o lesser_a branch_n to_o which_o the_o lobuli_n be_v fasten_v c_o c_o the_o lobuli_n which_o may_v be_v more_o or_o less_o divide_v and_o be_v compose_v of_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la the_o vesiculae_fw-la as_o above_o hint_v be_v frame_v by_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o bronchia_fw-la and_o the_o pulmonick_a blood-vessel_n n._n b._n the_o lobuli_n in_o this_o figure_n may_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n branch_v on_o them_o each_o vesicula_fw-la also_o have_v one_o of_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n and_o artery_n branch_v on_o it_o and_o without_o doubt_n conformable_a to_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n of_o other_o part_n those_o vessel_n also_o be_v continue_v channel_n on_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la of_o the_o lung_n here_o the_o art_n of_o nature_n be_v very_o extraordinary_a in_o frame_v the_o extremity_n of_o these_o blood-vessel_n of_o the_o lung_n so_o very_o small_a and_o confine_v their_o vast_a number_n in_o so_o narrow_a a_o compass_n as_o the_o body_n of_o the_o lung_n for_o these_o pulmonick_a blood-vessel_n correspond_v to_o those_o of_o the_o whole_a field_n of_o the_o body_n in_o constant_o '_o discharge_v the_o blood_n through_o they_o as_o well_o as_o through_o the_o heart_n whilst_o life_n with_o perfect_a health_n be_v maintain_v and_o notwithstanding_o one_o half_a of_o the_o lung_n be_v complete_o vitiate_a as_o i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o find_v in_o dissect_v morbid_v body_n yet_o nevertheless_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n have_v be_v still_o carry_v on_o for_o some_o time_n though_o in_o this_o case_n respiration_n must_v not_o only_o be_v very_o quick_a and_o attend_v with_o no_o small_a difficulty_n on_o frequent_a occasion_n but_o the_o heart_n must_v also_o labour_v very_o much_o to_o drive_v the_o blood_n on_o fig._n 7._o a_o portion_n of_o the_o external_n surface_n of_o the_o lung_n cut_v from_o they_o when_o dry_v after_o inflation_n a_o a_o the_o external_n membrane_n b_o b_o the_o lamellae_n of_o the_o external_n membrane_n which_o pass_v between_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la and_o compose_v the_o lobuli_n between_o which_o the_o interstitia_fw-la necessary_o result_v c_o d_o the_o lobuli_n compose_v of_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la which_o be_v here_o well_o express_v fig._n 8._o the_o aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la or_o windpipe_n together_o with_o the_o bronchus_n or_o ramification_n of_o it_o free_v from_o the_o lung_n a_o a_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o windpipe_n b_o b_o the_o division_n of_o the_o windpipe_n into_o two_o branch_n and_o afterward_o into_o more_o call_v bronchus_n c_o c_o the_o large_a branch_n of_o the_o bronchus_n d_o d_o the_o lesser_a from_o who_o extremity_n the_o vesiculae_fw-la be_v pull_v off_o e_o e_o the_o semicircular_a cartilage_n of_o the_o windpipe_n f_o g_o h_n the_o cartilage_n of_o the_o bronchia_fw-la of_o various_a figure_n and_o size_n some_o of_o which_o be_v circular_a f_o f_o other_o semicircular_a triangular_a g_z quadrangular_a etc._n etc._n h._n these_o cartilage_n of_o the_o bronchus_n be_v not_o connex_v to_o each_o other_o like_o those_o of_o the_o windpipe_n itself_o but_o the_o lower-part_n of_o the_o superior_a receive_v the_o upper-part_n of_o the_o inferior_a not_o unlike_o the_o crustaceous_a cover_n of_o the_o locust_n or_o tail_n of_o a_o lobster_n so_o that_o in_o inspiration_n the_o bronchus_n may_v be_v coextend_v with_o the_o tumified_a lung_n for_o these_o ligament_n between_o the_o cartilage_n of_o the_o bronchus_n have_v a_o elastic_a power_n of_o restitution_n not_o unlike_o that_o strong_a ligament_n place_v on_o the_o spines_n of_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n of_o quadrupedes_fw-la by_o which_o mean_v the_o superior_a part_n of_o the_o low_a cartilage_n of_o the_o bronchus_n be_v draw_v under_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o upper_a in_o expiration_n but_o in_o inspiration_n the_o ligament_n be_v extend_v and_o the_o inferior_a cartilage_n be_v with-drawn_a from_o under_o the_o superior_a and_o to_o this_o action_n in_o expiration_n the_o longitudinal_n fibres_fw-fr of_o the_o windpipe_n which_o pass_v into_o the_o bronchus_n do_v concur_v to_o contract_v they_o in_o inspiration_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o superincumbent_a air_n be_v sufficient_a to_o extend_v the_o bronchus_n and_o consequent_o the_o lung_n when_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n be_v widen_v by_o the_o muscle_n which_o draw_v the_o bib_n up_o fig._n 9_o a_o small_a portion_n of_o the_o lung_n who_o bronchial_a branch_n be_v fill_v with_o injected_a quicksilver_n a_o the_o bronchial_a branch_n on_o both_o side_n of_o which_o the_o pulmonick_a blood-vessel_n appear_v fig._n 10._o part_v of_o the_o largest_n branch_n of_o the_o bronchus_n free_v from_o one_o of_o the_o lung_n together_o with_o the_o pulmonick_a blood-vessel_n and_o lobe_n inject_v with_o wax_n a_o a_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n b_o b_o the_o artery_n fill_v with_o different_a colour_a wax_n beside_o free_v the_o bronchia_fw-la as_o in_o fig._n 8._o there_o be_v another_o way_n of_o demonstrate_v their_o ramification_n by_o pour_v of_o melt_v tin_n into_o they_o which_o may_v be_v practise_v in_o the_o follow_a manner_n cut_a off_o one_o side_n of_o the_o humane_a lung_n at_o the_o division_n of_o the_o trachea_n b_o b_o fig._n 8._o and_o with_o the_o feather_n end_v of_o a_o goose-quill_n so_o wipe_v the_o inside_n of_o the_o bronchia_fw-la by_o often_o thrust_v it_o into_o their_o various_a ramification_n that_o at_o length_n it_o no_o long_o come_v out_o wet_a with_o the_o mucus_fw-la they_o have_v in_o they_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o bronchia_fw-la be_v thus_o thorough_o dry_v with_o a_o feather_n in_o like_a manner_n anoint_v they_o with_o linseed_n oil_n this_o do_v tie_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o divide_a trachea_n to_o a_o tin_n or_o iron_n tunnel_n this_o tunnel_n must_v be_v so_o place_v that_o the_o lung_n may_v hang_v pendulous_a and_o free_a but_o lest_o their_o flaccidity_n shall_v too_o much_o compress_v the_o bronchia_fw-la it_o be_v convenient_a to_o pass_v divers_a thread_n through_o the_o external_n part_v of_o the_o lung_n and_o so_o fasten_v they_o to_o the_o floor_n and_o other_o convenient_a place_n that_o the_o lung_n may_v be_v extend_v thereby_o in_o do_v of_o which_o be_v sure_o you_o do_v not_o distort_v the_o lung_n from_o a_o direct_a pendulous_a position_n but_o that_o the_o large_a trunk_n of_o the_o bronchia_fw-la remain_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o tunnel_n this_o do_v melt_v block-tin_n and_o pour_v it_o into_o the_o tunnel_n in_o do_v of_o which_o stand_v at_o some_o distance_n lest_o the_o conflict_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o hot_a metal_n in_o its_o meeting_n with_o the_o remain_a moisture_n in_o the_o bronchus_n scatter_v it_o on_o your_o hand_n or_o face_n etc._n etc._n n._n b._n if_o the_o metal_n be_v make_v very_o hot_a it_o will_v so_o scorch_v the_o first_o passage_n of_o the_o bronchia_fw-la as_o to_z contract_v they_o and_o thereby_o obstruct_v the_o rest_n nor_o must_v it_o want_v fluidity_n lest_o its_o pass_v into_o the_o small_a branch_n be_v thereby_o hinder_v the_o bronchus_n be_v thus_o inject_v in_o the_o lung_n lay_v they_o in_o water_n nine_o or_o ten_o day_n till_o they_o begin_v to_o putrify_v then_o boyl_n the_o whole_a lung_n off_o the_o block-tin_n and_o you_o may_v expect_v to_o see_v it_o much_o full_a of_o branch_n than_o it_o be_v express_v in_o the_o 11_o the_o figure_n fig._n 11._o represent_v the_o ramification_n of_o the_o bronchia_fw-la in_o block-tin_n as_o above_o describe_v the_o twenty-sixth_a table_n fig._n 1._o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o body_n lie_v in_o a_o supine_n posture_n with_o the_o os_fw-la pectoris_fw-la or_o sternum_fw-la raise_v together_o with_o the_o cartilage_n of_o the_o rib_n which_o be_v connex_v to_o it_o so_o that_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n after_o its_o viscera_n be_v remove_v come_v in_o view_n a_o a_o a_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o thorax_n invest_v with_o the_o
the_o artery_n of_o a_o humane_a foetus_fw-la inject_v with_o wax_n and_o display_v after_o dissection_n 1_o the_o aorta_n or_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la cut_v from_o its_o origin_n at_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n 2_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o great_a coronal_z artery_n of_o the_o heart_n arise_v from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi the_o rise_v of_o the_o lesser_a coronal_z artery_n not_o appear_v in_o this_o position_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la 3_o the_o canalis_fw-la arteriosus_n fill_v with_o wax_n by_o inject_v it_o into_o the_o aorta_n this_o arise_v from_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o pulmonick_a artery_n near_o its_o two_o ramification_n which_o pass_v into_o the_o lung_n and_o after_o a_o oblique_a descent_n under_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi empty_v itself_o into_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o its_o descend_v trunk_n as_o here_o express_v 28._o beside_o this_o communication_n between_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n of_o a_o foetus_fw-la and_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la there_o be_v another_o call_v foramen_fw-la ovale_fw-mi by_o which_o part_n the_o blood_n at_o its_o entrance_n into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n pass_v into_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n and_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n thence_o to_o the_o aorta_fw-mi hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o blood_n which_o flow_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la pass_v immediate_o by_o the_o canalis_fw-la arteriosus_n to_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la as_o well_o as_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n which_o be_v receive_v immediate_o from_o the_o vena_fw-la câ—â—a_fw-la or_o right_a article_n of_o the_o heart_n into_o the_o pulmonick_a vein_n and_o leave_v ventricle_n so_o that_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o foetus_fw-la which_o run_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n pass_v immediate_o to_o the_o aorta_fw-mi by_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o well_o as_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n not_o do_v any_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n pass_v into_o the_o left_a or_o any_o blood_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n first_o pass_v the_o right_n as_o in_o the_o adult_n hence_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o foetus_fw-la may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v but_o one_o ventricle_n in_o effect_n since_o the_o blood_n which_o pass_v one_o do_v not_o come_v into_o the_o other_o before_o it_o arrive_v at_o the_o aorta_fw-mi after_o the_o birth_n when_o the_o infant_n have_v receive_v air_n into_o the_o lung_n and_o their_o vesciculae_fw-la remain_v distend_v and_o the_o ramification_n of_o the_o pulmonick_a artery_n and_o vein_n consequent_o be_v more_o display_v the_o blood_n thâ—â—_n begin_v to_o pass_v their_o extremity_n more_o free_o than_o before_o and_o the_o arterious_a channel_n at_o length_n become_v neglect_v as_o well_o as_o the_o foramen_fw-la ovale_fw-mi the_o former_a become_v a_o ligâ—â—â—â—_n and_o the_o latter_a close_v up_o the_o too_o early_a occlusion_n of_o these_o passage_n in_o child_n often_o produce_v many_o disorder_n as_o inflammation_n of_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o head_n neck_n and_o lungsâ—_n in_o which_o case_n bleed_v be_v of_o great_a use_n of_o this_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o many_o inâ—â—â—nces_n in_o the_o dissection_n of_o child_n i_o have_v often_o find_v the_o foramen_fw-la ovale_fw-mi open_v in_o the_o adult_n the_o canalis_fw-la arteriosus_n for_o what_o i_o have_v observe_v close_v soon_o than_o that_o foramen_fw-la 4_o 4_o the_o subclavian_n artery_n arise_v from_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la to_o which_o the_o axillary_a artery_n and_o those_o of_o the_o arm_n 23_o 23_o be_v congee_v 5_o 5_o the_o two_o carotid_a artery_n arise_v from_o aorta_n between_o the_o subclavian_n artery_n 6_o 6._o the_o two_o vertebral_n artery_n arise_v from_o the_o subâ—leuâ—culae_fw-la which_o pass_v through_o all_o the_o transverse_a process_n of_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v free_v 7_o 7._o the_o artery_n which_o convey_v blood_n to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o face_n tongue_n adjacent_a muscle_n and_o glandule_n 8_o 8._o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o temporal_a artery_n spring_v from_o the_o carotide_n and_o give_v branch_n to_o the_o parcâ—ide_n gland_n 9_o 9_o as_o well_o as_o the_o temple_n 10_o 10._o also_o to_o the_o neighbour_a muscle_n hairy-scalp_n and_o forehead_n 11_o 11._o the_o occipital_a artery_n who_o trunk_n pass_v close_o by_o the_o mammiform_a process_n and_o be_v distribute_v on_o the_o hinder_v paâ—â—_n of_o the_o hairy-scalp_n where_o they_o be_v inosculate_v with_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o temporal_a artery_n 12._o diâ—ers_n artery_n which_o carry_v blood_n to_o the_o fauces_fw-la gaâ—gaâ—con_n and_o muscle_n of_o those_o pâ—â—â—â—_n 13_o 13._o the_o contortion_n of_o the_o carotid_v artery_n as_o they_o pass_v the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n to_o the_o brain_n 14_o 14._o those_o part_n of_o the_o carotid_v artery_n where_o they_o pass_v by_o each_o side_n of_o the_o solla_fw-it tâ—â—ica_fw-la where_o diâ—eâ—â—_n small_a branch_n do_v arise_v from_o they_o and_o help_v to_o compose_v the_o rete_fw-la 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v more_o conspicuous_a in_o quadrupedes_fw-la than_a men._n 15_o 15._o the_o contortion_n of_o the_o vertebra_n artery_n as_o they_o pass_v the_o transverse_a process_n of_o the_o first_o vendâ—â—â—â—_n â—â—_z the_o neck_n towards_o the_o great_a foramen_fw-la of_o the_o os_fw-mi occiputis_n i_o have_v more_o than_o once_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o cavity_n of_o these_o artery_n where_o they_o be_v conâ—eâ—â—ed_v have_v be_v large_a than_o their_o inferior_a trunk_n whereby_o the_o impetus_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n must_v necessary_o be_v very_o much_o lessen_v as_o well_o as_o by_o their_o contortion_n only_o in_o quadâ—â—pedes_n the_o angle_n of_o these_o contortion_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v more_o acute_a which_o in_o they_o be_v the_o more_o necessary_a to_o lessen_v the_o force_n of_o the_o blood_n at_o their_o extremity_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o horizontal_n position_n of_o their_o trunk_n 16._o the_o vertebral_n artery_n where_o they_o ascend_v on_o the_o medulla_n oblongata_fw-la towards_o the_o 〈◊〉_d protuberance_n or_o poâ—a_n varâ—â—_n 17_o 17._o the_o communicant_a branch_n between_o the_o carotid_n and_o vertebral_n artery_n in_o this_o subject_a somewhat_o large_a than_o we_o common_o find_v they_o 18_o 18._o the_o ramification_n of_o the_o artery_n within_o the_o skull_n the_o large_a trunk_n of_o which_o lie_v between_o the_o lobe_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o in_o its_o sâ—â—â—i_n from_o the_o extremity_n of_o these_o artery_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v continue_v its_o vein_n who_o trunk_n vary_v much_o in_o their_o position_n from_o the_o artery_n they_o enter_v the_o brain_n at_o its_o basis_n and_o distribute_v themselves_o as_o above_o note_v whereas_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v extend_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o discharge_v their_o blood_n into_o the_o longitudinal_n sâ—râ—s_v nor_o do_v the_o vein_n of_o the_o brain_n accompany_v its_o artery_n at_o their_o ingress_n as_o in_o other_o part_n or_o the_o artery_n and_o vein_n of_o the_o dura_n meter_n pass_v the_o same_o foramen_n in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n 19_o 19_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o larynx_n thyroid_fw-fr glandule_n and_o adjacent_a muscle_n and_o part_n arise_v from_o the_o subclavian_n artery_n 20_o 20._o other_o arise_v near_o the_o former_a which_o convey_v blood_n to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o scapulâ—_n 21_o 21._o the_o mammariae_fw-la which_o arise_v also_o from_o the_o subclavian_n artery_n and_o descend_v on_o the_o cartilage_n of_o the_o true_a râ—bs_n internal_o about_o half_a a_o inch_n distant_a on_o each_o side_n the_o or_o pectoris_fw-la or_o sâ—rmâ—n_o some_o branch_n of_o these_o pass_n through_o the_o pectoral_a as_o well_o as_o iâ—â—â—costal_a muscle_n and_o give_v blood_n to_o the_o mammae_fw-la where_o they_o meet_v with_o some_o branch_n of_o the_o intercostal_a artery_n to_o which_o they_o be_v inosculate_v these_o maminary_a artery_n join_v with_o the_o large_a trunk_n of_o the_o epigastrick_n 57_o 57_o also_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o impetus_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n in_o integument_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la be_v carry_v on_o with_o more_o force_n the_o exâ—â—â—es_n of_o the_o intercostal_n and_o lumbal_n artery_n do_v also_o inosculate_v with_o each_o other_o as_o well_o as_o with_o these_o 22_o 22._o the_o artery_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o os_fw-la humeri_fw-la and_o some_o of_o those_o of_o the_o scapulâ—_n 23_o 23._o those_o part_n of_o the_o large_a trunk_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o arm_n which_o be_v liable_a to_o be_v wound_v in_o open_v the_o vena_fw-la basilica_n or_o innermost_a of_o the_o three_o vein_n in_o the_o bend_v of_o the_o cubit_n see_v fig._n 1._o of_o this_o appendix_n between_o 26._o and_o m_o where_o the_o precise_a progress_n of_o
if_o it_o be_v total_o obstruct_v a_o deafness_n in_o which_o case_n the_o take_v of_o sneeze_v powder_n give_v relief_n o_o the_o glandulous_a membrane_n continue_v from_o the_o foramina_fw-la narium_fw-la to_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o fauces_fw-la p_o p_o the_o processus_n scyloide_v q_o the_o carotid_n artery_n cut_v off_o near_o its_o entrance_n into_o the_o os_fw-la petrosum_fw-la r_o r_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o ossa_fw-la jugalia_fw-la s_o a_o cartilaginous_a body_n lie_v in_o the_o depressure_n of_o the_o os_fw-la temporum_fw-la where_o the_o processus_n condyliformis_fw-la of_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v articulate_v t_o the_o same_o intermediate_n cartilege_n of_o the_o articulation_n raise_v v._o the_o smooth_a sinus_n in_o the_o os_fw-la temporale_fw-la which_o receive_v the_o last_o mention_v cartilege_n t_o part_n of_o the_o mucelaginous_a gland_n of_o this_o articulation_n clear_v to_o the_o abovementioned_a cartilege_n w_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o os_fw-la temporale_fw-la cut_v off_o x_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n saw_v off_o y_fw-fr the_o musculus_fw-la occipitalis_fw-la as_o it_o arise_v from_o that_o part_n of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la where_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o head_n be_v insert_v whence_o mount_v it_o soon_o become_v tendinous_a and_o march_n on_o the_o sincipus_fw-la where_o it_o be_v join_v with_o the_o tendon_n of_o the_o fromalis_fw-la unless_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v that_o the_o occipital_n and_o frontal_n muscle_n be_v one_o biventral_n muscle_n arise_v from_o the_o occiput_fw-la and_o insert_v to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o forehead_n and_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o hairy-scalp_n move_v it_o foreward_n and_o backward_o as_o well_o as_o lift_v up_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o forehead_n with_o the_o kickshaw_n z_o z_o the_o thin_a part_n of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la where_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o head_n be_v insert_v a_o the_o gargareon_o support_v by_o the_o probe_n n_o n_o insert_v into_o the_o meatus_fw-la à _fw-la palato_fw-la ad_fw-la aurem_fw-la b_o b_o the_o little_a glandule_n which_o appear_v in_o cut_v the_o fauces_fw-la from_o hence_o c_o c_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o processus_n pterygoide_v or_o more_o proper_o the_o extremity_n of_o a_o small_a slender_n process_n above_o the_o processus_n pterygoide_v in_o this_o position_n of_o the_o skull_n since_o anatomist_n in_o describe_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o uurela_n have_v call_v this_o process_n pterigoide_v or_o aliformis_fw-la we_o shall_v still_o retain_v the_o same_o name_n though_o the_o aliform_a process_n express_v tab._n 92._o fig._n 2._o k_o be_v distinct_a process_n and_o no_o way_n like_o these_o dd_o the_o musculi_fw-la sphenopirrigostaphilini_fw-la so_o call_v from_o their_o origin_n progress_n and_o insertion_n they_o be_v also_o call_v pterigopalatini_fw-la and_o sphenoterigopalatini_fw-la they_o arise_v fleshy_a from_o a_o acute_a process_n of_o the_o os_fw-mi sphenoide_v express_v appen_n fig._n 15._o h._n whence_o they_o pass_v to_o the_o processus_n pterygoide_v c_o c_o where_o they_o become_v tendinous_a and_o be_v reflect_v over_o those_o process_n to_o their_o insertion_n on_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o gargareon_o when_o these_o act_n they_o draw_v the_o forepart_n of_o the_o gargareus_fw-la towards_o the_o pterigoid_a process_n whereby_o it_o be_v pull_v somewhat_o upward_o as_o well_o as_o foreward_n e_o e_o the_o sphenostaphilini_fw-la these_o arise_v from_o the_o same_o process_n of_o the_o os_fw-mi sphenoide_v with_o the_o former_a and_o be_v insert_v on_o the_o backpart_n of_o the_o gargareon_o opposite_a to_o the_o former_a these_o draw_v the_o uuula_fw-la upward_o and_o backward_o whereby_o it_o prevent_v the_o ascent_n of_o the_o aliment_n into_o the_o foramina_fw-la nariton_n in_o deglutition_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o those_o in_o who_o the_o uuula_fw-la be_v want_v f_o the_o musculus_fw-la pterygoideus_n externus_fw-la leave_v at_o its_o origin_n at_o the_o external_n part_n of_o the_o processus_n pterygoide_v as_o well_o as_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o os_fw-mi sphenoide_v itself_o whence_o it_o pass_v backward_o to_o its_o insertion_n at_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o processus_n condyloide_v of_o the_o lower-jaw_n when_o this_o and_o its_o partner_n act_n they_o draw_v the_o lower-jaw_n foreward_n whereby_o the_o foretooth_n of_o the_o lower-jaw_n be_v drive_v beyond_o those_o of_o the_o superior_a as_o falloppius_n observe_v g_o the_o musculus_fw-la pterygoideus_n internus_fw-la also_o free_v from_o the_o lower-jaw_n and_o leave_v at_o its_o origin_n tab._n 15._o fig._n 2._o n._n it_o be_v represent_v at_o its_o insertion_n h_o some_o appearance_n of_o the_o septum_fw-la narium_fw-la backward_o i_o i_o the_o deny_v molares_fw-la k_o k_o the_o canini_n l_o the_o inâ—isores_n m_o the_o glandulae_fw-la labiorum_fw-la as_o they_o appear_v in_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o upper_a lip_n under_o the_o ininternal_a membrane_n of_o the_o mouth_n each_o of_o these_o gland_n have_v a_o excretory_a dust_n which_o perforates_n the_o membrane_n of_o the_o mouth_n at_o a_o small_a papilla_fw-la by_o which_o a_o salival_n humour_n be_v emit_v into_o the_o mouth_n the_o like_a gland_n may_v be_v see_v on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o cheek_n n_o the_o tip_n of_o the_o nose_n o_o the_o hair_n of_o the_o palpabrae_fw-la fig._n 9_o the_o external_n surface_n of_o one_o of_o the_o glandulae_fw-la tonfillae_fw-la or_o amigdalae_fw-la where_o the_o many_o large_a foramina_fw-la of_o its_o excretory_a duct_n appear_v by_o which_o its_o pituitous_a matter_n be_v discharge_v into_o the_o fauces_fw-la which_o join_v with_o the_o aliment_n in_o its_o descent_n to_o the_o gula._n fig._n 10._o the_o receptaculum_fw-la chyli_n fill_v with_o quicksilver_n with_o the_o neighbour_a lymphatic_a gland_n remain_v in_o their_o proper_a situation_n together_o with_o the_o adjacent_a part_n as_o i_o can_v make_v a_o sketch_n of_o they_o whilst_o i_o be_v demonstrate_v the_o part_n of_o a_o humane_a body_n to_o some_o worthy_a and_o ingenious_a gentleman_n when_o professor_n bidloo_n favour_v i_o with_o a_o visit._n a_o a_o the_o kidney_n a_o a_o the_o emulgent_a vein_n of_o which_o that_o of_o the_o right_a side_n be_v low_a than_o the_o left_a b_o the_o ascend_v trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la distend_v with_o wind_n the_o low_a part_n of_o which_o be_v compress_v by_o the_o iliack_a artery_n of_o the_o right_a side_n b_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la cut_v from_o its_o entrance_n into_o the_o liver_n and_o tie_v c_o c_o part_n of_o the_o two_o iliack_a vein_n which_o may_v be_v see_v distend_v with_o wind_n below_o the_o right_n iliack_a artery_n as_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la be_v above_o the_o external_n iliack_a vein_n as_o well_o as_o the_o crutal_a vein_n lie_v immediate_o under_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o artery_n that_o accompany_v they_o till_o they_o pass_v by_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o musculus_fw-la triceps_fw-la and_o os_fw-la femoris_fw-la to_o the_o ham_n where_o the_o vein_n be_v uppermost_a and_o the_o artery_n pass_v underneath_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o great_a trunk_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n do_v in_o other_o part_n this_o contrivance_n in_o nature_n of_o place_v the_o trunk_n of_o the_o iliack_n and_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o crural_a artery_n on_o the_o vein_n be_v a_o admirable_a artifice_n to_o accelerate_v the_o ascension_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o heart_n as_o it_o arise_v from_o the_o inferior_a part_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o artery_n if_o you_o inject_v the_o artery_n with_o wax_n and_o afterward_o fill_v the_o vein_n with_o the_o same_o you_o will_v see_v by_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o wax_n contain_a in_o the_o vein_n what_o effect_v the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o artery_n have_v on_o they_o in_o order_n to_o promote_v the_o ascension_n of_o the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o below_o in_o this_o compressure_n make_v by_o the_o iliack_a artery_n of_o the_o right_a side_n on_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la it_o be_v contain_a blood_n be_v force_v to_o ascend_v towards_o the_o heart_n the_o valve_n in_o the_o crural_a vein_n oppose_v its_o descent_n by_o this_o mean_n also_o the_o pondus_fw-la of_o the_o refluent_a blood_n from_o below_o be_v lessen_v to_o the_o end_v its_o motion_n may_v be_v the_o better_o carry_v on_o at_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vessel_n in_o the_o leg_n and_o foot_n and_o a_o kind_a of_o a_o pulsation_n make_v by_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la whereby_o the_o lymphatic_a lumbal_n gland_n r_o r_o lie_v between_o it_o and_o the_o body_n of_o the_o vertebra_n be_v gentle_o compress_v of_o which_o hereafter_o d_o d_o the_o ascend_v trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la below_o the_o kidney_n d_o d_o the_o iliack_a artery_n e_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o culiata_n artery_n cut_v off_o f_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o mesenterica_fw-la
and_o from_o the_o mixture_n of_o these_o two_o juice_n be_v compound_v a_o proper_a menstruum_fw-la by_o which_o the_o part_n of_o the_o aliment_n be_v dissolve_v and_o receive_v their_o first_o transmutation_n within_o the_o body_n in_o this_o action_n which_o be_v a_o dissolution_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o alimentary_a mass_n the_o aerial_a part_n include_v in_o its_o pore_n now_o escape_v from_o their_o former_a prison_n and_o be_v rarify_v distend_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o stomach_n and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o most_o man_n have_v less_o appetite_n at_o some_o distance_n of_o time_n viz._n when_o this_o intumescence_n be_v make_v than_o immediate_o after_o they_o cease_v from_o eat_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n arise_v frequent_a eructation_n great_a inflation_n from_o divers_a meat_n such_o as_o old_a pease_n cabbage_n root_n herb_n and_o other_o vegetable_n which_o very_o much_o disturb_v decay_v debilitate_a stomach_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o suspect_v the_o stomachick_n menstruum_fw-la may_v excite_v a_o intestine_a motion_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o mass_n in_o digestion_n which_o yet_o i_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o call_v fermentation_n fear_v so_o bold_a a_o term_n may_v mislead_v we_o into_o a_o false_a idea_n of_o a_o great_a conflict_n than_o real_o happen_v the_o intumescence_n or_o dilatation_n of_o the_o stomach_n have_v two_o effect_n first_o to_o compress_v the_o gall_n bladder_n and_o pancreas_n and_o oblige_v their_o ductus_fw-la excretorii_fw-la to_o spew_v out_o their_o content_n into_o the_o duodenum_fw-la next_o to_o retard_v the_o refluent_a blood_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n dispose_v the_o muscular_a fibres_fw-fr of_o the_o ventricle_n to_o a_o contraction_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o last_o hint_n will_v appear_v by_o what_o we_o have_v offer_v concern_v muscular_a motion_n in_o the_o introduction_n to_o our_o myotomia_fw-la reformata_fw-la for_o the_o cause_n of_o hunger_n which_o be_v a_o observable_a phaenomenon_n belong_v to_o this_o part_n i_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v a_o irritation_n of_o the_o stomach_n arise_v from_o a_o copious_a quantity_n of_o this_o menstruum_fw-la when_o it_o want_v matter_n to_o act_v upon_o this_o conjecture_n seem_v more_o probable_a since_o it_o be_v natural_a to_o discharge_v the_o hospital_n out_o of_o the_o mouth_n which_o come_v into_o it_o at_o that_o time_n rather_o than_o suffer_v it_o to_o descend_v into_o the_o stomach_n and_o we_o may_v perpetual_o observe_v a_o deprave_a appetite_n do_v follow_v a_o vitiation_n of_o the_o saliva_n as_o in_o scorbutic_a habit_n salivation_n by_o mercurial_a medicine_n and_o such_o like_a case_n when_o the_o mass_n be_v sufficient_o prepare_v and_o reduce_v to_o a_o pultaceous_a consistence_n the_o stomach_n by_o the_o help_n of_o its_o muscular_a fibres_n contract_v itself_o and_o expel_v its_o content_n through_o the_o pylorus_n into_o the_o duodenum_fw-la where_o the_o digest_v mass_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o bile_n and_o pancreatic_a juice_n force_v to_o discharge_v itself_o here_o as_o be_v just_a now_o describe_v which_o volatilize_v subtiliate_v and_o separate_a the_o more_o fluid_a and_o fine_a part_n of_o the_o aliment_n from_o the_o more_o impure_a and_o gross_a and_o here_o it_o be_v that_o chylification_n be_v first_o make_v perfect_a now_o the_o bile_n abound_v with_o lixivial_a salt_n be_v apt_a to_o entangle_v with_o the_o grosser_n part_n of_o the_o chylaceous_a mass_n and_o its_o saline_n quality_n not_o only_o cleanse_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o gut_n from_o the_o mucus_fw-la excrete_v by_o their_o gland_n app._n fig._n 40._o to_o smear_v their_o inmost_a coat_n and_o defend_v the_o ostia_n of_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n from_o be_v injure_v by_o extraneous_a body_n which_o may_v happen_v to_o pass_v that_o way_n but_o stimulate_v the_o intestine_n in_o their_o peristaltic_a motion_n the_o peristaltic_a or_o wormlike_a motion_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v thus_o accelerate_a by_o the_o acrimony_n of_o the_o bile_n the_o content_n of_o the_o intestine_n be_v carry_v on_o and_o the_o thin_a and_o more_o fluid_a part_n fit_v for_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n be_v absorb_v by_o they_o and_o the_o thick_a move_n on_o more_o slow_o till_o by_o the_o many_o stop_v they_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o connivent_fw-la valve_n all_o the_o chyle_n be_v at_o length_n absorb_v and_o the_o remain_v be_v mere_o excrementitious_a be_v only_o fit_a to_o be_v exclude_v by_o stool_n this_o vermicular_a motion_n of_o the_o gut_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o alternate_a contraction_n of_o their_o longitudinal_n and_o transverse_a fibres_n app._n fig._n 39.40_o which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n convey_v the_o digest_v mass_n through_o the_o intestinal_a tube_n and_o express_v the_o chyle_n into_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n adapt_v to_o receive_v it_o who_o progress_n from_o the_o intestine_n till_o it_o be_v discharge_v into_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n next_o present_v itself_o to_o our_o consideration_n by_o the_o reciprocal_a action_n of_o these_o differ_a fibre_n and_o the_o apposition_n of_o the_o connivent_fw-la valve_n tab._n 39_o fig._n 2._o the_o chyle_n be_v force_v into_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n tab._n ib._n fig._n 1._o and_o hence_o it_o be_v we_o can_v make_v any_o fluid_a pass_n from_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o gut_n into_o the_o same_o vessel_n when_o the_o peristaltic_a motion_n cease_v a_o far_a use_n of_o the_o contraction_n of_o these_o muscular_a fibres_n be_v to_o accelerate_v the_o chyle_n in_o its_o progress_n till_o the_o lympha_fw-la derive_v from_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o gut_n join_v with_o it_o which_o be_v do_v before_o it_o leave_v the_o external_n surface_n of_o the_o intestine_n by_o this_o addition_n the_o chyle_n be_v dilute_v and_o assist_v in_o its_o progress_n towards_o the_o mesenterick_n gland_n in_o the_o cell_n of_o which_o it_o be_v a_o second_o time_n mix_v with_o a_o juice_n or_o lymphatic_a liquor_n there_o secrete_v from_o the_o artery_n and_o so_o carry_v on_o to_o the_o vasa_n lactea_fw-la secundi_fw-la generis_fw-la these_o vessel_n resemble_v pipe_n convey_v the_o chyle_n from_o hence_o all_o empty_n themselves_o into_o the_o common_a receptacle_n or_o cistern_n the_o happy_a discovery_n of_o which_o we_o owe_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o mons._n pecquet_n it_o be_v here_o the_o lympha_fw-la return_v from_o the_o inferior_a limb_n and_o adjacent_a part_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o chyle_n app._n fig._n 11._o which_o not_o only_o serve_v to_o dilute_v but_o promote_v its_o ascent_n through_o the_o thoracick_a dust_n fig._n ib._n to_o the_o lest_o subclavian_n vein_n fig._n ib._n where_o this_o channel_n empty_v its_o content_n into_o the_o main_a current_n of_o the_o blood_n if_o we_o consider_v in_o this_o dust_n its_o several_a division_n and_o inosculation_n resemble_v the_o vein_n of_o the_o testicle_n its_o numerous_a valve_n look_v from_o below_o upward_o its_o advantageous_a situation_n between_o the_o great_a artery_n and_o vertebra_n of_o the_o back_n together_o with_o the_o duct_n discharge_v their_o refluent_a lympha_fw-la from_o the_o lung_n and_o the_o other_o neighbour_a part_n we_o shall_v find_v all_o conduce_v to_o demonstrate_v the_o utmost_a art_n of_o nature_n use_v in_o further_a the_o steep_a and_o perpendicular_a ascent_n of_o the_o chyle_n which_o beautiful_a order_n be_v represent_v app._n fig._n 11._o and_o can_v but_o equal_o create_v in_o we_o delight_n and_o admiration_n have_v trace_v this_o animal_n juice_n to_o its_o reception_n into_o the_o blood_n with_o which_o it_o be_v at_o last_o circulate_v and_o assimulate_v we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o blood_n itself_o who_o circular_a motion_n the_o various_a artifices_fw-la of_o nature_n for_o adjust_v the_o proportion_n and_o other_o subordinate_a contrivance_n the_o manner_n and_o cause_n of_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o artery_n respiration_n with_o the_o whole_a theory_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la and_o glandular_a secretion_n in_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n follow_v the_o refluent_a blood_n in_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la meeting_n in_o the_o right_a auricle_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v thence_o expel_v by_o its_o contraction_n into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o its_o diastole_n but_o by_o its_o systole_n or_o contraction_n it_o be_v thence_o drive_v into_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonaris_n from_o who_o capillary_a vessel_n it_o pass_v into_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la pulmonaris_n and_o thence_o return_v be_v discharge_v into_o the_o left_a auricle_n and_o ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v again_o by_o the_o systole_n drive_v into_o the_o aorta_n by_o who_o branch_n it_o be_v convey_v through_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o the_o body_n but_o when_o it_o arrive_v in_o the_o capillary_a artery_n it_o do_v not_o stop_v there_o but_o pass_v into_o the_o like_a
14._o represent_v in_o like_a manner_n a_o portion_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la pulmonalis_fw-la a_o a_o a_o the_o three_o sigmoidal_a or_o semilunary_a valve_n the_o twenty-third_a table_n fig._n 1._o represent_v the_o external_n coat_n of_o a_o vein_n view_v with_o a_o microscope_n a_o b_o c_o d_o the_o fibre_n extend_v according_a to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o vessel_n where_o may_v be_v observe_v the_o vasa_n vasorum_fw-la fig._n 2._o a_o the_o second_o coat_n of_o the_o vein_n call_v by_o dr._n willis_n the_o vasculous_a and_o glandulous_a coat_n fig._n 3._o the_o three_o or_o internal_a tunick_n of_o a_o vein_n compose_v of_o circular_a fibres_n fig._n 4_o the_o external_n coat_n of_o a_o artery_n consist_v of_o a_o rete_fw-la of_o small_a nerve_n a_o blood-vessel_n b_o and_o membranous_a expansion_n c_o on_o this_o membrane_n of_o the_o artery_n divers_a glandulous_a body_n appear_v compose_v great_a and_o lesser_a cluster_n d_o e_o various_o disperse_v fig._n 5._o a_o b_o the_o second_o coat_n of_o a_o artery_n consist_v of_o divers_a strata_n of_o fibres_n various_o decussate_v each_o other_o and_o join_v with_o the_o internal_a or_o three_o coat_n fig._n 6._o a_o b_o c_o the_o inner_a and_o smooth_a surface_n of_o the_o three_o or_o most_o internal_a coat_n of_o the_o artery_n where_o the_o foramina_fw-la for_o the_o branch_n which_o arise_v out_o of_o it_o be_v express_v and_o its_o fibre_n extend_v according_a to_o its_o length_n b_o c._n the_o great_a trunk_n of_o the_o artery_n do_v evident_o appear_v to_o consist_v of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o strata_n of_o fibres_n than_o those_o of_o the_o vein_n but_o the_o far_o they_o recede_v from_o the_o heart_n they_o be_v both_o still_o more_o and_o more_o subdivide_v and_o their_o trunk_n and_o capillary_a branch_n become_v still_o thin_a and_o thin_a till_o their_o outmost_a extremity_n consist_v of_o one_o single_a transparent_a membrane_n chief_o compose_v of_o such_o tube_n as_o only_o convey_v their_o succus_fw-la nutritius_n and_o this_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v may_v serve_v for_o the_o description_n of_o blood-vessel_n in_o general_a and_o shall_v far_o consider_v the_o organization_n of_o the_o several_a extremity_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n in_o speak_v of_o their_o particular_a office_n relate_v to_o secretion_n in_o the_o several_a part_n wherefore_o at_o present_a shall_v only_o mention_v that_o the_o extremity_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n be_v continue_v channel_n various_o contort_a and_o not_o all_o of_o they_o of_o a_o equal_a size_n even_o in_o part_n which_o be_v uniform_a or_o the_o same_o vid._n app._n fig._n 4.5_o after_o the_o blood_n have_v pass_v the_o extremity_n of_o its_o vessel_n and_o be_v in_o its_o return_n to_o the_o heart_n again_o by_o the_o vein_n it_o there_o meet_v with_o divers_a valve_n or_o stop_v which_o prevent_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o recoil_n of_o it_o in_o the_o superior_a when_o any_o violent_a motion_n affect_v the_o thorax_n as_o in_o cough_n from_o press_v on_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o hinder_v its_o progressive_a motion_n that_o there_o be_v a_o recoil_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o any_o extraordinary_a motion_n of_o the_o thorax_n in_o the_o jugular_a vein_n may_v be_v observe_v in_o take_v blood_n from_o thence_o especial_o in_o child_n hence_o it_o be_v the_o valve_n in_o those_o vein_n be_v necessary_a lest_o the_o blood_n shall_v again_o repass_v into_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o brain_n with_o great_a violence_n which_o be_v also_o prevent_v in_o the_o contortion_n make_v in_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n in_o its_o specus_fw-la in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n i_o must_v confess_v i_o never_o yet_o observe_v above_o two_o valve_n one_o opposite_a to_o the_o other_o in_o the_o large_a vein_n that_o be_v furnish_v with_o valve_n however_o anatomist_n common_o mention_v three_o and_o professor_n bidloo_n tell_v we_o of_o four_o and_o five_o valve_n as_o they_o appear_v in_o the_o follow_a figure_n fig._n 7._o part_v of_o a_o vein_n extend_v with_o wind_n and_o dry_v have_v a_o double_a valve_n or_o two_o valve_n of_o semilunary_a figure_n place_v opposite_a to_o each_o other_o fig._n 8._o a_o a_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o jugular_a vein_n blow_v up_o and_o dry_v b_o b_o b_o its_o threefold_a valve_n fig._n 9_o part_v of_o a_o vein_n with_o five_o valve_n fig._n 10_o 11._o a_o a_o the_o portion_n of_o vein_n express_v in_o the_o two_o precede_a figure_n lay_v open_a b_o b_o etc._n etc._n their_o valve_n as_o they_o appear_v in_o their_o inside_n fig._n 12._o the_o valve_n as_o they_o appear_v in_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o vein_n according_a to_o bidloo_n fig._n 13._o two_o valve_n as_o they_o appear_v when_o take_v out_o of_o the_o vein_n fig._n 14._o the_o unequal_a distance_n of_o the_o valve_n in_o the_o vein_n the_o vestigia_fw-la of_o the_o valve_n be_v here_o only_o express_v as_o they_o appear_v when_o the_o vein_n be_v extend_v with_o wind._n fig._n 15._o represent_v according_a to_o bidloo_n a_o system_n of_o the_o artery_n inject_v with_o wax_n and_o free_v from_o the_o body_n of_o a_o infant_n six_o month_n old_a which_o he_o tell_v we_o he_o have_v reserve_v if_o so_o it_o be_v a_o great_a rarity_n indeed_o for_o have_v more_o than_o once_o free_v the_o artery_n from_o the_o body_n of_o a_o infant_n as_o well_o as_o from_o a_o adult_n and_o find_v they_o far_o differ_v from_o this_o figure_n and_o not_o much_o disagree_v with_o the_o description_n and_o figure_n of_o vesalius_n and_o other_o i_o can_v look_v on_o this_o but_o as_o a_o prodigy_n in_o nature_n wherefore_o i_o shall_v here_o give_v you_o his_o description_n of_o it_o and_o refer_v you_o to_o my_o appendix_n fig._n 3._o where_o their_o common_a appearance_n be_v express_v as_o i_o now_o have_v they_o inject_v by_o i_o and_o dissect_v from_o the_o body_n of_o a_o infant_n the_o arteria_fw-la aorta_fw-la say_v bidloo_n arise_v from_o the_o heart_n soon_o send_v out_o two_o small_a coronary_a branch_n b_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o heart_n it_o be_v trunk_n be_v divide_v on_o the_o pericordium_n into_o the_o ascendens_fw-la c_o and_o descendens_fw-la d._n the_o first_o give_v branch_n to_o the_o part_n above_o the_o heart_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o subclavii_fw-la e_z from_o which_o the_o axillare_v f_o and_o internal_a mammary_n g_o three_o or_o four_o intercostale_n h_n and_o cervicale_n i._o do_v arise_v from_o the_o axillary_a artery_n be_v branch_n communicate_v to_o the_o scapula_n k_o and_o to_o the_o superior_a part_n of_o the_o thorax_n when_o it_o have_v get_v between_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o cubit_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o little_a branch_n the_o first_o of_o which_o l_o go_v to_o the_o wrist_n thumb_n and_o forefinger_n the_o other_o to_o the_o three_o other_o finger_n it_o divide_v into_o two_o about_o the_o thymus_n and_o form_n the_o carotide_n m._n these_o ascend_n near_o the_o windpipe_n after_o have_v send_v several_a branch_n to_o the_o tongue_n larynx_n and_o part_n adjacent_a and_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o external_n n_o and_o internal_a branch_n o_o the_o exterior_a supply_n the_o face_n lip_n partly_o the_o ear_n and_o low_a tooth_n the_o other_o branch_n serve_v the_o forehead_n temple_n and_o neighbour_a part_n the_o inward_a branch_n ascend_v straight_o through_o the_o os_fw-mi sphoenoide_v creep_v under_o the_o '_o dura_n mater_n and_o form_v various_a plexus_n in_o that_o part_n within_o the_o skull_n it_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o particular_a coat_n already_o describe_v it_o send_v out_o small_a branch_n near_o the_o optic_a nerve_n but_o the_o large_a trunk_n creep_v back_o again_o sometime_o unite_v and_o by_o and_o by_o separate_v from_o each_o other_o there_o be_v small_a branch_n convey_v to_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n partly_o above_o and_o partly_o below_o the_o heart_n from_o the_o axillarie_n and_o ascend_v and_o descend_v trunk_n it_o derive_v several_a branch_n which_o reflect_v into_o a_o circle_n creep_v through_o its_o cover_n and_o several_a part_n of_o the_o head_n the_o descend_a trunk_n of_o the_o aorta_fw-mi d_o supply'_v some_o of_o the_o intercostal_o 1_o and_o the_o neighbour_a muscle_n and_o part_n there_o be_v a_o large_a trunk_n 2_o also_o send_v to_o the_o diaphragm_n under_o the_o diaphragm_n the_o branch_n of_o the_o viscera_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la be_v remarkable_a viz._n of_o the_o stomach_n 3._o the_o inferior_a and_o superior_a meseraic_a branch_n 4_o 5_o those_o of_o the_o omentum_fw-la or_o caul_n 6_o of_o the_o liver_n 7_o of_o the_o kidney_n 8_o the_o spermatics_n 9_o and_o so_o on_o about_o the_o o_o sacrum_n this_o trunk_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o branch_n from_o which_o other_o be_v again_o derive_v to_o
have_v be_v so_o unfortunate_a as_o to_o leave_v the_o stone_n still_o in_o the_o bladder_n e_o the_o vasa_n preparantia_fw-la or_o blood-vessel_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la involve_v in_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la f_o the_o testicle_n between_o f_o and_o e_o g_o be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o spermatick_a vessel_n call_v corpus_n pyramidale_n and_o plexus_fw-la pampiniformis_fw-la or_o varicosus_n g_o g_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la ascend_v from_o the_o testicle_n to_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la seminales_fw-la h_o h_n the_o vesiculae_fw-la seminales_fw-la blow_v up_o by_o the_o vasa_n deferentia_fw-la that_o of_o the_o right_a side_n have_v a_o blow-pipe_n still_o remain_v in_o it_o ay_o the_o backpart_n of_o the_o prostatae_fw-la or_o corpus_fw-la glandosum_fw-la k_o k_o the_o backpart_n of_o the_o penis_n l_o l_o the_o musculi_fw-la directores_fw-la penis_n who_o origin_n progress_n and_o termination_n be_v express_v tab._n 47._o fig._n 5._o m_o the_o bulb_n of_o the_o cavernous_a body_n of_o the_o urethra_n devest_v of_o the_o musculus_fw-la accelerator_fw-la urinae_fw-la express_v in_o the_o last_o mention_v table_n that_o part_n of_o the_o bulb_n towards_o the_o anus_fw-la be_v cut_v off_o its_o internal_a cavernous_a part_n here_o appear_v depress_v or_o draw_v inward_o the_o forty-fifth_a table_n fig._n 1._o be_v the_o testes_fw-la with_o its_o vessel_n and_o membrane_n when_o free_v from_o the_o scrotum_fw-la a_o the_o body_n of_o the_o testicle_n b_o some_o appearance_n of_o the_o musculus_fw-la cremaster_fw-la according_a to_o bidloo_n c_o c_o the_o tunica_n vaginalis_fw-la d_o it_o be_v inferior_a part_n cleave_v to_o the_o testicle_n e_z it_o be_v superior_a part_n continue_v to_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la f_o the_o serpentine_a distribution_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n on_o the_o testes_fw-la g_o that_o part_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la next_o the_o epididymis_fw-la h_o the_o epididymis_fw-la h_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la whole_a thickness_n and_o cavity_n be_v very_o true_o express_v at_o its_o extremity_n ay_o a_o particular_a vaginal-tunicle_n of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la which_o bidloo_n say_v have_v circular_a fibres_n but_o not_o here_o express_v k_o the_o blood-vessel_n of_o the_o testicle_n call_v vasa_n praeparantia_fw-la as_o they_o appear_v before_o any_o injection_n or_o inflation_n be_v make_v into_o they_o l_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o testicle_n fig._n 2._o the_o testes_fw-la vas_n deferens_fw-la and_o vasa_n praeparantia_fw-la display_v together_o with_o some_o lymphduct_n of_o the_o former_a a_o the_o arteria_fw-la spermatica_fw-la continue_v from_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o descend_v trunk_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la i_o can_v but_o suspect_v this_o part_n of_o the_o figure_n to_o be_v erroneous_a since_o in_o the_o many_o subject_n i_o have_v always_o observe_v the_o origin_n of_o the_o spermatick_a artery_n to_o be_v very_o small_a even_o much_o smaller_n than_o its_o inferior_a trunk_n insomuch_o that_o its_o cavity_n arise_v from_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la will_v scarce_o admit_v the_o small_a probe_n common_o use_v it_o be_v but_o just_o capacious_a enough_o to_o receive_v a_o large_a hog_n bristle_v a_o a_o etc._n etc._n the_o ramification_n of_o the_o spermatick_a artery_n in_o their_o descent_n to_o the_o testes_fw-la b_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o spermatick_a vein_n with_o a_o portion_n oâ—_n the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la into_o which_o it_o enter_v c_o d_o bb_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v various_a anastomosis_n and_o retiforme_a inosculation_n as_o it_o ascend_v from_o the_o testes_fw-la e_o e_o the_o valve_n of_o the_o spermatick_a vein_n which_o look_v from_o below_o upward_o and_o prevent_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o that_o vessel_n shall_v it_o be_v ask_v why_o the_o spermatick_a vein_n in_o humane_a body_n and_o the_o artery_n in_o quadrupedes_fw-la shall_v have_v a_o tortuous_a progress_n towards_o the_o testicle_n and_o vice_n versa_fw-la the_o humane_a spermatick_a artery_n and_o vein_n of_o quadrupedes_fw-la shall_v pass_v straight_o we_o answer_v though_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o semen_n in_o the_o testicle_n be_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o of_o other_o liquor_n in_o conglomerate_v gland_n yet_o we_o constant_o find_v in_o all_o animal_n that_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la be_v propagate_v from_o their_o large_a trunk_n at_o a_o considerable_a distance_n from_o they_o and_o those_o of_o the_o conglomerate_v gland_n be_v always_o supply_v with_o blood-vessel_n from_o the_o next_o neighbouring-branch_n and_o this_o practice_n in_o nature_n we_o can_v at_o present_v account_n for_o otherwise_o than_o that_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o testicle_n shall_v not_o pass_v with_o that_o velocity_n as_o it_o do_v in_o other_o gland_n else_o what_o shall_v be_v the_o design_n of_o those_o many_o turn_n and_o wind_n make_v in_o the_o spermatick_a artery_n of_o most_o if_o not_o all_o quadrupedes_fw-la but_o that_o every_o angle_n of_o their_o contortion_n shall_v take_v off_o the_o impetus_fw-la of_o the_o impel_v blood_n from_o the_o heart_n but_o the_o subject_a of_o our_o present_a animadversion_n here_o offer_v a_o objection_n why_o than_o be_v the_o spermatick_a artery_n in_o humane_a body_n straight_o when_o their_o progress_n be_v towards_o a_o perpendicular_a descent_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o erect_a position_n of_o the_o body_n we_o answer_v that_o the_o descend_v progress_n of_o the_o blood_n may_v be_v a_o very_a good_a argument_n of_o its_o enjoy_v a_o free_a accession_n to_o the_o testes_fw-la but_o we_o constant_o observe_v in_o all_o humane_a body_n that_o the_o spermatick_a artery_n be_v as_o we_o have_v intimate_v above_o very_o small_a at_o their_o original_n from_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la which_o be_v a_o sufficient_a impediment_n to_o any_o great_a impetus_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n from_o the_o great_a artery_n nor_o be_v this_o contrivance_n in_o nature_n necessary_a in_o quadrupedes_fw-la because_o it_o will_v be_v a_o impediment_n in_o they_o in_o provide_v that_o requisite_a stock_n of_o semen_n to_o impregnate_n the_o female_a with_o her_o number_n or_o in_o regard_n a_o great_a proportion_n of_o semen_n be_v in_o they_o necessary_a on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o cornua_fw-la uteri_fw-la which_o it_o must_v first_o pass_v through_o before_o it_o can_v arrive_v at_o the_o fallopian_a tube_n and_o ovaria_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o testes_fw-la of_o quadrupedes_fw-la be_v much_o large_a in_o proportion_n than_o the_o humane_a but_o why_o the_o humane_a spermatick_a vein_n be_v thus_o divide_v and_o inosculate_v with_o each_o other_o when_o those_o of_o quadrupedes_fw-la be_v straight_n and_o few_o trunk_n be_v accountable_a from_o their_o position_n those_o of_o man_n be_v towards_o a_o perpendicular_a ascent_n to_o convey_v the_o refluent_a blood_n and_o those_o of_o quadrupedes_fw-la near_o horizontal_n from_o hence_o the_o necessity_n of_o make_v one_o of_o these_o blood-vessel_n varicous_a do_v appear_v especial_o the_o humane_a spermatick_a vein_n which_o if_o have_v the_o artery_n be_v also_o as_o in_o quadrupedes_fw-la the_o space_n or_o perforation_n in_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la for_o their_o egress_n must_v have_v be_v so_o large_a as_o that_o the_o intestine_n will_v have_v be_v continual_o liable_a to_o a_o extrusion_n f_o part_v of_o the_o epididymis_fw-la g_o the_o glandulous_a part_n of_o the_o testicle_n devest_v of_o its_o proper_a membrane_n h_o h_n the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la partly_o free_v from_o the_o epididymis_fw-la to_o exhibit_v some_o of_o its_o contortion_n ay_o the_o tunica_n vaginalis_fw-la of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la k_o the_o tunica_n albuginea_n with_o some_o of_o the_o glandulous_a part_n of_o the_o testicle_n raise_v with_o it_o l_o part_v of_o the_o tunica_n elythroide_v or_o vaginalis_fw-la m_o some_o of_o the_o lymphduct_n of_o the_o testicle_n pin_v out_o fig._n 3._o part_v of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la that_o compose_v the_o epididymis_fw-la do_v much_o big_a than_o the_o life_n a_o a_o part_v of_o the_o testicle_n b_o d_o the_o tortuous_a or_o serpentine_a disposition_n of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la in_o the_o epididymis_fw-la in_o which_o manner_n the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o epididymis_fw-la be_v compose_v of_o that_o vessel_n or_o secretory_a dust_n of_o the_o testicle_n c_o d_o another_o separation_n of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la in_o the_o epididymis_fw-la e_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la i_o i_o the_o tunica_n vaginalis_fw-la of_o the_o vas_n deferens_fw-la compose_v of_o circular_a fibres_n according_a to_o bidloo_n the_o forty-sixth_a table_n fig._n 1._o a_o the_o glandulous_a part_n of_o the_o testicle_n devest_v of_o its_o proper_a integument_n b_o b_o the_o tunica_n albuginea_n or_o proper_a membrane_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la raise_v and_o pin_v up_o c_o c_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la break_v off_o in_o raise_v the_o albuginea_n d_o e_o etc._n etc._n some_o of_o the_o blood-vessel_n which_o perforate_v the_o tunica_n albuginea_n f_o part_v of_o the_o folding_n of_o the_o
of_o the_o uterus_fw-la be_v here_o remarkable_a its_o blood-vessel_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o the_o placenta_n not_o only_o germinate_v but_o inosculate_a with_o each_o other_o as_o be_v above_o note_a e_o e_o the_o proper_a integument_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la viz._n the_o muscle_n and_o peritonaeum_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n divide_v f_o the_o foetus_fw-la lie_v within_o the_o transparent_a membrane_n call_v amnios_n g_o the_o amnios_n entire_a h_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n arise_v from_o the_o placenta_n and_o pass_v to_o the_o navel_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la its_o progress_n be_v various_a sometime_o it_o march_v over_o the_o right_a shoulder_n sometime_o over_o the_o leave_v close_o to_o the_o neck_n at_o other_o time_n it_o ascend_v towards_o the_o breast_n whence_o it_o be_v again_o reflect_v to_o the_o back_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la and_o thence_o to_o the_o navel_n though_o the_o blood-vessel_n of_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n be_v dispose_a in_o the_o best_a manner_n vid._n tab._n 60.62_o fig._n 5._o to_o avoid_v their_o be_v compress_v in_o any_o contort_a position_n yet_o it_o sometime_o happen_v either_o through_o the_o shortness_n of_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n as_o in_o the_o case_n mention_v by_o hildanus_n cent._n ii_o obseru._n li._n or_o by_o the_o great_a struggle_v of_o the_o foetus_fw-la in_o utero_fw-la that_o it_o be_v so_o compress_v that_o the_o blood_n can_v pass_v in_o its_o vessel_n in_o which_o case_n if_o a_o abortion_n do_v not_o happen_v or_o if_o it_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o partus_fw-la and_o the_o birth_n do_v not_o present_o follow_v the_o dead_a foetus_fw-la with_o its_o secondine_n be_v retain_v in_o the_o uterus_fw-la and_o if_o the_o mother_n survive_v they_o do_v gradual_o putrify_v and_o come_v away_o as_o appear_v in_o the_o history_n of_o a_o case_n very_o well_o attest_v in_o the_o excellent_a work_n of_o the_o above_o mention_v author_n where_o the_o bone_n with_o part_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o limb_n be_v take_v out_o near_o the_o navel_n of_o the_o mother_n some_o month_n after_o the_o secondine_n gradual_o come_v away_o at_o she_o pudendum_fw-la a_o like_a instance_n be_v late_o communicate_v to_o i_o by_o the_o ingenious_a mr._n dale_n the_o apothecary_n who_o be_v a_o eye-witness_n of_o it_o in_o a_o woman_n in_o the_o country_n where_o he_o live_v i_o k_n l_o m_o n_o o_o p_o the_o foetus_fw-la lie_v in_o the_o vterus_fw-la in_o its_o natural_a posture_n the_o posture_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la in_o the_o uterus_fw-la vary_v very_o much_o especial_o towards_o the_o time_n of_o the_o partus_fw-la this_o order_n of_o it_o be_v then_o inver_v the_o head_n at_o that_o time_n be_v downward_o towards_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb._n in_o the_o most_o easy_a birth_n the_o face_n be_v turn_v towards_o the_o back-bone_n or_o os_fw-la sacrum_n if_o any_o part_n beside_o the_o head_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la offer_v itself_o first_o except_o both_o leg_n together_o the_o birth_n prove_v laborious_a and_o sometime_o very_o dangerous_a wherefore_o the_o operator_n in_o such_o a_o case_n be_v oblige_v if_o possible_a to_o reduce_v those_o part_n and_o turn_v the_o foetus_fw-la to_o the_o most_o natural_a order_n that_o can_v be_v the_o fifty-seventh_a table_n a_o a_o b_o b_o divers_a egg_n of_o a_o different_a size_n take_v from_o the_o ovaria_n of_o a_o maid_n fig._n 2._o a_o egg_n impregnate_v in_o which_o the_o branch_n and_o plexus_fw-la of_o divers_a blood-vessel_n appear_v fig._n 3._o a_o foetus_fw-la with_o its_o secondine_n twenty-five_a day_n after_o conception_n in_o which_o the_o rudimerit_n of_o all_o the_o limb_n appear_v a_o a_o the_o placenta_fw-la uterina_fw-la b_o the_o chorion_n c_o the_o urinary_a membrane_n according_a to_o bidloo_n d_o the_o amnios_n open_v e_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n between_o the_o placenta_n and_o foetus_fw-la f_o the_o foetus_fw-la fig._n 4._o a_o foetus_fw-la forty_o day_n after_o conception_n in_o which_o all_o the_o external_n part_n appear_v distinct._n fig._n 5._o a_o masculine_a foetus_fw-la about_o two_o month_n and_o a_o half_n after_o conception_n in_o which_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o head_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n be_v remarkable_a the_o conformation_n of_o the_o bone_n at_o that_o time_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o 100_o tab._n fig._n 3_o 4._o fig._n 6._o a_o abortive_a three_o month_n after_o conception_n or_o there_o about_o dry_v so_o that_o the_o connection_n of_o its_o bone_n may_v be_v see_v in_o divers_a part_n fig._n 7._o a_o foetus_fw-la of_o eight_o month_n take_v out_o of_o the_o uterus_fw-la together_o with_o its_o placenta_n etc._n etc._n a_o a_o male_a foetus_fw-la who_o hand_n be_v contract_v and_o foot_n contort_a inward_o b_o c_o d_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n continue_v in_o its_o wont_a progress_n between_o the_o foetus_fw-la and_o placenta_fw-la e_o e_o the_o chorion_n cover_v the_o internal_a concave_a surface_n of_o the_o placenta_n and_o its_o arboreous_a ramification_n of_o blood-vessel_n derive_v from_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n f_o part_v of_o the_o urinary_a membrane_n g_o part_v of_o the_o ammio_n h_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o chorion_n the_o fifty-eighth_a table_n a_o show_v the_o external_n convext_a surface_n of_o the_o placenta_fw-la uterina_fw-la free_v from_o the_o vterus_fw-la the_o placenta_n be_v compose_v of_o blood-vessel_n of_o both_o kind_n derive_v from_o the_o mother_n and_o foetus_fw-la which_o frame_v glandulous_a body_n and_o fibre_n to_o which_o divers_a succiferous_a duct_n be_v insert_v say_v bidloo_n these_o succiferous_a tube_n and_o gland_n i_o must_v confess_v never_o yet_o occur_v to_o my_o observation_n in_o dissection_n nor_o do_v i_o at_o present_a know_v who_o beside_o professor_n bidloo_n mention_n they_o here_o he_o only_o name_v they_o among_o other_o vessel_n of_o the_o placenta_n and_o in_o tab._n 66._o he_o represent_v divers_a succiferous_a duct_n in_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n nor_o do_v he_o any_o where_o mention_n what_o juice_n these_o duct_n of_o the_o placenta_n carry_v or_o those_o of_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n wherefore_o i_o shall_v here_o venture_v to_o add_v my_o conjecture_n and_o so_o proceed_v if_o any_o liquor_n transcolate_v by_o gland_n of_o the_o placenta_n be_v convey_v towards_o the_o foetus_fw-la it_o be_v most_o likely_a that_o contain_v in_o the_o amnio_n and_o though_o we_o have_v observe_v tab._n â—5_n divers_a gland_n place_v at_o various_a distance_n in_o the_o amnio_n of_o cow_n yet_o we_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n think_v they_o be_v sufficient_a to_o supply_v that_o membrane_n with_o a_o necessary_a quantity_n of_o liquor_n for_o entertain_v the_o foetus_fw-la and_o since_o we_o have_v observe_v divers_a tubercle_n on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n mention_v in_o the_o follow_a table_n p_o we_o can_v tell_v how_o to_o reconcile_v those_o phaenomena_n but_o by_o suppose_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o liquor_n of_o the_o amnio_n be_v convey_v thither_o from_o the_o gland_n of_o the_o placenta_n by_o the_o duct_n of_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n this_o liquor_n of_o the_o amnio_n not_o only_o serve_v to_o facilitate_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la but_o towards_o the_o time_n of_o the_o partus_fw-la it_o be_v partly_o receive_v by_o its_o mouth_n and_o be_v convey_v into_o its_o stomach_n and_o gut_n and_o administer_v chyle_n to_o its_o lacteal_v and_o thoracick-duct_a which_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o subclavian_n vein_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la and_o there_o join_v with_o the_o blood_n transmit_v from_o the_o mother_n to_o the_o foetus_fw-la thus_o the_o stomach_n and_o intestine_n as_o well_o as_o the_o common_a passage_n of_o chyle_n and_o lympha_fw-la of_o the_o foetus_fw-la be_v employ_v in_o the_o uterus_fw-la by_o which_o mean_v those_o channel_n be_v the_o more_o ready_o make_v use_n of_o soon_o after_o the_o birth_n when_o the_o infant_n have_v no_o other_o way_n of_o receive_v its_o nourishment_n but_o by_o the_o mouth_n the_o chyle_n thus_o mingle_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la so_o thins_n it_o that_o its_o circulation_n may_v be_v the_o better_o carry_v on_o by_o the_o weak_a systole_n of_o its_o heart_n whereby_o its_o blood_n may_v be_v again_o discharge_v into_o the_o hypogastrick_n vein_n of_o the_o mother_n uterus_fw-la the_o liquor_n of_o the_o amnios_n have_v another_o as_o it_o be_v accidental_a use_n in_o lubricate_a the_o vagina_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o partus_fw-la the_o foetus_fw-la then_o break_v the_o amnio_n by_o its_o struggle_v its_o content_n flow_v by_o the_o pudendum_fw-la which_o they_o common_o call_v the_o break_v of_o the_o water_n b_o b_o the_o furrow_n or_o cliff_n of_o the_o placenta_n which_o more_o or_o less_o result_v from_o its_o tubercle_n c_o c_o the_o tubercle_n of_o the_o placenta_n which_o be_v thick_a and_o large_a towards_o their_o centre_n and_o less_o towards_o their_o
blood-vessel_n of_o both_o kind_n free_a from_o the_o gland_n succiferous_a tube_n and_o duct_n according_a to_o bidloo_n fig._n 7_o 8._o the_o branch_a of_o the_o artery_n and_o vein_n on_o the_o chorion_n who_o capillary_a extremity_n frame_v gland_n and_o escape_v the_o sight_n of_o the_o naked_a eye_n fig._n 9_o this_o be_v not_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o bidloo_n but_o i_o suppose_v it_o represent_v part_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n of_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n free_v from_o their_o membrane_n and_o not_o inject_v with_o wax_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o two_o artery_n and_o vein_n appear_v flaccid_n the_o sixty-second_a table_n the_o abdomen_fw-la of_o a_o female_a foetus_fw-la seven_o month_n after_o conception_n open_v to_o show_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o umbilical_a vessel_n towards_o its_o navel_n a_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n suspend_v c_o c_o the_o common_a and_o proper_a integument_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la turn_v aside_o e_o g_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n enter_v the_o liver_n at_o a_o fissure_n near_o the_o middle_a of_o its_o low_a part_n whence_o the_o ligamentum_fw-la suspensorium_n hepatis_n may_v be_v here_o see_v continue_v to_o the_o ensiformal_a cartilege_n and_o diaphragm_n f_o the_o liver_n which_o in_o proportion_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o viscera_n in_o a_o foetus_fw-la be_v very_o large_a extend_v itself_o to_o both_o hypochondria_n the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o liver_n in_o a_o foetus_fw-la rather_o proceed_v from_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o blood_n carry_v into_o it_o by_o the_o vena_fw-la umbilicalis_fw-la than_o any_o proper_a office_n it_o then_o execute_v this_o disproportion_n of_o the_o liver_n do_v not_o remit_v in_o a_o infant_n but_o seem_v to_o continue_v in_o some_o measure_n till_o they_o be_v four_o or_o five_o year_n old_a hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o intestine_n of_o infant_n and_o child_n be_v supply_v with_o more_o gall_n than_o those_o of_o ripe_a year_n and_o be_v therefore_o incident_a to_o be_v grip_v much_o in_o the_o low_a belly_n and_o attend_v with_o a_o diarrhoea_n nor_o do_v i_o in_o this_o conceive_v nature_n have_v any_o way_n commit_v a_o mistake_n for_o sure_a it_o be_v very_o necessary_a some_o notable_a discharge_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o serosity_n in_o child_n whilst_o their_o limb_n be_v not_o able_a to_o perform_v those_o exercise_n which_o promote_v perspiration_n and_o the_o like_a the_o blood_n import_v into_o the_o liver_n by_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n meet_v with_o a_o contrary_a current_n of_o blood_n in_o the_o vena_fw-la porta_n as_o it_o pass_v the_o sinus_n to_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la whereby_o some_o of_o the_o capillary_a vessel_n about_o the_o liver_n or_o umbilical_a vein_n be_v frequent_o break_v and_o the_o blood_n be_v discharge_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la in_o a_o abortive_a humane_a foetus_fw-la after_o seven_o month_n conception_n i_o find_v the_o abdomen_fw-la without_o any_o integument_n it_o be_v viscera_n be_v expose_v as_o in_o this_o figure_n nor_o can_v i_o find_v so_o much_o as_o any_o part_n of_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la that_o have_v cover_v they_o which_o i_o suspect_v may_v have_v be_v break_v the_o left_a kidney_n also_o be_v expose_v to_o view_n beside_o this_o the_o top_n of_o the_o skull_n be_v want_v and_o instead_o of_o it_o a_o membrane_n distend_v with_o grumou_n blood_n very_o little_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n appear_v on_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n but_o it_o be_v chief_o contain_v in_o the_o specus_fw-la of_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o left_a eye_n and_o ear_n be_v want_v as_o well_o as_o the_o nose_n a_o ligament_n of_o about_o a_o inch_n in_o length_n fasten_v the_o great_a toe_n of_o the_o right_a foot_n to_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n the_o left_a arm_n be_v want_v and_o instead_o of_o it_o something_o like_o a_o hand_n be_v frame_v seem_v to_o have_v a_o thumb_n and_o forefinger_n this_o be_v tie_v by_o two_o ligament_n the_o one_o spring_v from_o the_o carpus_n be_v short_a and_o fasten_v it_o to_o the_o scapula_n the_o other_o ligament_n be_v long_o and_o arise_v between_o those_o part_n which_o represent_v a_o finger_n and_o thumb_n be_v six_o to_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n on_o the_o same_o side_n upon_o open_v the_o thorax_n i_o find_v the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n point_v upward_o its_o basis_n towards_o the_o diaphragm_n and_o both_o extremity_n of_o the_o bastard_n rib_n of_o the_o left_a side_n rest_v on_o their_o vertebra_n g_o g_o the_o two_o umbilical_a artery_n arise_v from_o the_o two_o internal_a iliack_a branch_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la and_o pass_v on_o both_o side_n the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n to_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n h_o the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n ay_o the_o vrachus_fw-la where_o it_o be_v visible_o pervious_a the_o ligamentum_fw-la suspensorium_n hepatis_n be_v here_o well_o express_v between_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n and_o enfiformal_a cartilege_n and_o the_o small_a gut_n in_o their_o natural_a situation_n be_v also_o represent_v the_o sixty-third_a table_n represent_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la and_o thorax_n open_v of_o the_o same_o female_a foetus_fw-la express_v in_o the_o precede_a table_n a_o the_o umbilical_a rope_n suspend_v b_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n c_o its_o insertion_n into_o the_o liver_n d_o d_o the_o two_o umbilical_a artery_n arise_v from_o the_o two_o internal_a iliack_a branch_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la vid._n app._n fig._n 3.56.56_o e_o e_o the_o external_n iliack_a branch_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n by_o our_o author_n say_v to_o be_v internal_a which_o in_o this_o view_n of_o the_o part_n do_v not_o appear_v f_o g_o the_o urachus_n h_o the_o umbilicus_fw-la cut_v from_o the_o common_a integument_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la ay_o the_o head_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la which_o in_o proportion_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n be_v much_o large_a than_o in_o the_o adult_n see_v the_o description_n at_o tab._n 1._o k_o the_o mammae_fw-la which_o in_o a_o foetus_fw-la of_o both_o sex_n contain_v a_o serous_a liquor_n l_o the_o thorax_n open_v m_o m_o the_o abdomen_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n open_v n_o the_o thymus_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n be_v very_o large_a in_o a_o foetus_fw-la and_o gradual_o lessen_v in_o the_o adult_n see_v tab._n 21._o o_o the_o heart_n which_o in_o regard_n to_o the_o other_o viscera_n be_v very_o large_a p_o the_o lung_n on_o the_o right_a side_n q_o q_n the_o kidney_n which_o appear_v conglomerate_v and_o be_v somewhat_o large_a r_o r_o the_o gland_n of_o the_o kidney_n or_o capsulae_fw-la atrabilares_fw-la be_v also_o large_a and_o be_v here_o remove_v from_o their_o proper_a situation_n they_o not_o only_o border_v on_o the_o kidney_n as_o in_o the_o adult_n but_o lie_v upon_o they_o embrace_v their_o upper_a part_n in_o this_o figure_n they_o seem_v to_o be_v remove_v from_o their_o proper_a situation_n s_o s_o the_o ureter_n which_o be_v also_o large_a and_o unequal_a t_o the_o bladder_n extend_v with_o urine_n v._o the_o falloppian_n tube_n somewhat_o long_o and_o very_o large_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n w_o the_o ovaria_n be_v also_o large_a and_o tumid_a x_o the_o fundus_fw-la uteri_fw-la somewhat_o raise_v by_o the_o suspension_n of_o the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n a_o the_o round_a ligament_n of_o the_o vterus_fw-la of_o the_o left_a side_n b_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la where_o the_o emulgent_a artery_n pass_v to_o the_o kidney_n c_o the_o ascend_v trunk_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la cut_v off_o d_o d_o the_o diaphragma_n divide_v e_o the_o spleen_n in_o situ_fw-la the_o stomach_n and_o intestine_n be_v here_o lay_v aside_o f_o the_o sternum_n raise_v together_o with_o the_o cartilaginous_a end_n of_o the_o rib_n where_o the_o mammary_n vessel_n on_o both_o side_n be_v express_v fig._n 2._o a_o the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n of_o a_o foetus_fw-la b_o its_o ureter_n fill_v with_o wax_n c_o d_o d_o the_o umbilical_a vein_n and_o two_o artery_n according_a to_o bidloo_n which_o we_o can_v think_v to_o be_v well_o express_v e_o the_o descend_v trunk_n of_o the_o arteria_fw-la magna_fw-la f_o its_o bifurcation_n g_o g_o it_o be_v two_o internal_a iliack_a artery_n whence_o the_o umbilical_a artery_n arise_v the_o sixty-fourth_a table_n the_o professor_n bidloo_n in_o imitation_n of_o steno_n and_o bourdon_n here_o add_v geometrical_a figure_n of_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o tendon_n and_o fleshly_a fibre_n of_o divers_a muscle_n first_o of_o a_o single_a fiber_n fig._n 1._o a_o the_o fleshy_a part_n of_o the_o fiber_n of_o a_o muscle_n b_o c_o b_o c_o its_o two_o tendinous_a extreme_n make_v obtuse_a angle_n with_o the_o fleshy_a part._n fig._n 2._o many_o of_o the_o fibre_n represent_v in_o the_o first_o figure_n
up_o the_o manner_n of_o which_o practice_n be_v so_o well_o describe_v in_o the_o work_v of_o ambrose_n pary_n i_o shall_v omit_v say_v any_o thing_n of_o it_o in_o this_o place_n though_o it_o have_v be_v most_o common_o disuse_v in_o this_o kingdom_n till_o of_o late_a the_o many_o conveniency_n of_o which_o practice_n will_v i_o do_v doubt_v sufficient_o recommend_v it_o to_o a_o general_n use_v as_o well_o in_o other_o impetuous_a flux_n of_o blood_n as_o in_o those_o after_o amputation_n after_o the_o external_n iliack_n artery_n 54_o be_v pass_v out_o of_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la it_o obtain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o crural_a artery_n 69._o and_o descend_v oblique_o on_o the_o crural_a vein_n on_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o thigh_n immediate_o under_o the_o musculus_fw-la sartorius_n about_o four_o finger_n breadth_n above_o the_o knee_n these_o two_o large_a blood_n vessel_n pass_v through_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o musculus_fw-la triceps_fw-la to_o the_o ham_n 71._o here_o the_o vein_n be_v place_v above_o the_o artery_n as_o in_o other_o part_n and_o so_o descend_v to_o the_o foot_n after_o be_v divide_v in_o three_o branch_n as_o be_v express_v in_o fig._n 72._o 71._o that_o part_n of_o the_o crural_a artery_n which_o pass_v the_o ham._n 72._o the_o three_o large_a trunk_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o leg._n 73._o the_o artery_n of_o the_o foot_n fig._n 4._o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n as_o they_o appear_v by_o a_o microscope_n in_o the_o transparent_a fin_fw-fr of_o a_o live_a grig_n a_o a_o the_o fin_n of_o a_o grig_n lie_v in_o a_o glass_n tube_n b_o b_o the_o cartilaginous_a extremity_n of_o the_o rib_n on_o which_o the_o fin_n be_v extend_v c_o c_o the_o small_a scratch_n or_o streak_n we_o common_o find_v in_o the_o glass_n tube_n d_o d_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o artery_n proceed_v from_o their_o large_a trunk_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o grig_n convey_v the_o blood_n to_o the_o outmost_a margin_n of_o the_o fin._n e_o e_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o artery_n continue_v to_o the_o vein_n wherein_o one_o globule_n of_o the_o blood_n only_o move_v before_o another_o beside_o these_o communication_n of_o the_o vein_n with_o the_o artery_n there_o be_v still_o other_o which_o be_v large_a wherein_o more_o than_o two_o globule_n can_v pass_v together_o those_o be_v every_o where_o intersperse_v with_o the_o lesser_a as_o plain_o appear_v in_o the_o fin_n and_o tail_n of_o the_o flounder_n fig._n 5._o f._n f_o f_o the_o vein_n which_o convey_v the_o refluent_a blood_n to_o the_o heart_n g_o g_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o arta_fw-la take_v by_o the_o microscope_n fig._n 5._o the_o extremity_n or_o outmost_a margin_n of_o the_o side-fin_n of_o a_o small_a live_a flounder_n view_v with_o a_o microscope_n a_o a_o the_o cartilaginous_a extremity_n of_o the_o rib_n on_o each_o side_n of_o which_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o great_a blood_n vessel_n pass_v b_o b_o the_o artery_n c_o c_o the_o vein_n d_o d_o their_o lesser_a extremity_n continue_v to_o each_o other_o e_o e_o the_o large_a branch_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n inosculate_v with_o themselves_o before_o they_o arrive_v at_o their_o extremity_n f_o f_o the_o large_a conjunction_n of_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n at_o the_o outmost_a margin_n of_o the_o fin._n g_o g_o the_o arta_fw-la which_o the_o microscope_n take_v in_o as_o it_o appear_v to_o the_o naked_a eye_n fig._n 6._o represent_v according_a to_o our_o conception_n the_o origination_n of_o the_o lymphduct_n from_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o blood_n vessel_n a_o the_o small_a branch_n of_o a_o artery_n a_o a_o its_o extremity_n continue_v to_o the_o vein_n b_o the_o branch_n of_o a_o vein_n c_o a_o lympheduct_v arise_v from_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o blood_n vessel_n either_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o divers_a vesiculae_fw-la or_o small_a tube_n which_o have_v aperture_n into_o the_o side_n of_o the_o blood_n vessel_n fig._n 7._o the_o manner_n of_o the_o origin_n of_o the_o excretory_a duct_n from_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o blood_n vessel_n a_o the_o artery_n b_o the_o vein_n c_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o ductus_fw-la excretorius_n d_o d_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o blood_n vessel_n e_o e_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o excretory_n tube_v at_o their_o rise_n from_o the_o pore_n in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o blood_n vessel_n before_o they_o unite_v in_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o dust_n the_o four_o table_n fig._n 8._o be_v the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n with_o the_o first_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n remain_v on_o it_o together_o with_o divers_a muscle_n and_o other_o part_n a_o b_o c_o c_o d_o d_o the_o first_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n a_o its_o forepart_n behind_o which_o the_o toothlike_a process_n of_o the_o second_o vertebra_n be_v place_v b_o it_o be_v back_o part_n want_v a_o spinal_a process_n where_o the_o musculi_fw-la recti_fw-la minores_fw-la postici_fw-la arise_v c_z c_z the_o transverse_a process_n d_o d_o two_o somewhat_o oval_a process_n of_o the_o first_o vertebra_n which_o move_v sideway_n on_o the_o like_a process_n on_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o second_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n e_o a_o cavity_n immediate_o behind_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o first_o vertebra_n fence_v with_o a_o strong_a ligament_n backward_o next_o the_o medulla_n spinalis_fw-la in_o which_o the_o toothlike_a process_n of_o the_o second_o vertebra_n tab._n 93._o fig._n 3_o 4._o a_o a_o be_v receive_v f_o the_o great_a foramen_fw-la through_o which_o the_o medulla_n spinalis_fw-la descend_v from_o the_o head_n g_o a_o small_a muscle_n which_o from_o its_o position_n i_o call_v rectus_n lateralis_fw-la i_o first_o meet_v with_o it_o in_o dissection_n some_o time_n since_o and_o afterward_o find_v it_o be_v partly_o mention_v by_o galen_n and_o describe_v by_o fallomppius_n it_o arise_v from_o the_o superior_a part_n of_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o transverse_a process_n of_o the_o first_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o ascend_v direct_o to_o its_o implantation_n in_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la when_o it_o act_n it_o nod_v the_o head_n lateral_o h_o the_o musculus_fw-la rectus_n anterior_a minor_n so_o call_v from_o its_o progress_n situation_n and_o size_n it_o be_v much_o less_o than_o the_o rectus_n major_n tab._n 18._o l_o l._n it_o arise_v from_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o first_o vertebra_n and_o be_v insert_v to_o the_o appendix_n of_o the_o os_fw-la occipisis_fw-la this_o with_o its_o partner_n nod_v the_o head_n foreward_n and_o may_v be_v term_v annuentes_fw-la i_o i_o the_o perforation_n in_o the_o transverie_n process_n of_o the_o first_o vertebra_n in_o which_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vertebral_n artery_n and_o vein_n pass_v k_o k_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vertebral_n artery_n in_o their_o contort_a passage_n between_o the_o transverse_a process_n of_o the_o first_o vertebra_n and_o great_a foramen_fw-la f_o of_o the_o os_fw-la occipitis_fw-la l_o l_o the_o mamiform_a process_n m_o m_o the_o cartilage_n of_o the_o meatus_fw-la auditorius_fw-la n_o n_o a_o probe_n insert_v into_o the_o meatus_fw-la à _fw-la palato_fw-la ad_fw-la aurem_fw-la this_o passage_n from_o the_o fauces_fw-la admit_v the_o air_n to_o pass_v from_o thence_o into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o tympanum_fw-la whereby_o the_o membraâ—ea_n tympani_fw-la become_v more_o distend_v and_o the_o least_o impetus_fw-la of_o the_o outward_a air_n shake_v it_o together_o with_o its_o little_a bone_n that_o be_v contiguous_a to_o it_o beside_o this_o passage_n into_o the_o tympanum_fw-la there_o be_v another_o passage_n out_o of_o it_o by_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o membrana_fw-la tympani_fw-la into_o the_o meatus_fw-la auditorius_fw-la by_o which_o some_o in_o hold_v their_o nostril_n and_o mouth_n and_o force_v up_o their_o breath_n can_v move_v a_o small_a feather_n or_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n when_o hold_v near_o the_o outward_a ear_n in_o other_o it_o be_v still_o opener_n and_o they_o can_v blow_v smoke_n out_o at_o their_o ear_n though_o this_o passage_n through_o the_o tympanum_fw-la be_v not_o common_o so_o open_v as_o in_o the_o first_o case_n yet_o natural_o there_o be_v a_o small_a passage_n by_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o membrana_fw-la tympani_fw-la into_o the_o measus_fw-la auditorius_fw-la which_o seem_v necessary_a to_o the_o end_n when_o the_o tympamon_n be_v fill_v with_o air_n any_o sudden_a impetus_fw-la of_o the_o external_n air_n shall_v not_o violate_v the_o membrana_fw-la tympani_fw-la the_o meatus_fw-la à _fw-la palato_fw-la ad_fw-la aurem_fw-la do_v not_o only_o convey_v air_n into_o the_o tympamon_n but_o constant_o remain_v open_a it_o admit_v of_o a_o fluctuation_n of_o the_o contain_a air_n of_o the_o tympamon_n as_o well_o as_o a_o fresh_a supply_n if_o this_o passage_n be_v straighten_v a_o difficulty_n of_o hear_v necessary_o follow_v
find_v which_o have_v not_o its_o lymphducts_a belong_v to_o it_o as_o well_o as_o its_o nerve_n and_o blood-vessel_n after_o several_a observation_n premise_v he_o conclude_v they_o arise_v in_o exceed_a minute_n and_o scarce_o perceptible_a sirculi_n from_o the_o lesser_o gland_n which_o afterward_o be_v unite_v to_o those_o arise_v from_o other_o gland_n form_v great_a trunk_n and_o so_o proceed_v till_o they_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o common_a cystern_n of_o the_o chyle_n i_o shall_v not_o repeat_v the_o reason_n or_o experiment_n of_o that_o curious_a gentleman_n to_o sustain_v his_o opinion_n which_o main_o amount_v to_o this_o that_o in_o pursue_v these_o duct_n we_o can_v by_o the_o most_o exact_a scrutiny_n or_o any_o art_n yet_o know_v trace_v they_o further_o but_o we_o must_v crave_v leave_n to_o differ_v from_o he_o in_o this_o point_n and_o perhaps_o the_o reason_n we_o shall_v offer_v will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o justify_v our_o dissent_n and_o give_v a_o more_o clear_a and_o satisfactory_a account_n of_o the_o first_o source_n of_o this_o fluid_a the_o gland_n i_o must_v confess_v have_v a_o great_a concern_v in_o prepare_v the_o lympha_fw-la insomuch_o that_o no_o lympheduct_a can_v absolve_v its_o course_n without_o touch_v on_o they_o and_o their_o necessity_n appear_v yet_o further_o while_o we_o see_v other_o lymphducts_a when_o the_o main_a trunk_n pass_v by_o yet_o emit_v several_a lateral_a branch_n which_o insert_v themselves_o into_o these_o gland_n and_o after_o be_v remit_v from_o thence_o be_v rejoin_v to_o the_o former_a trunk_n app._n fig._n 14._o beside_o these_o lymphducts_a which_o enter_v the_o gland_n be_v frequent_o divide_v into_o several_a branch_n which_o make_v their_o exit_fw-la again_o divide_v and_o after_o approach_v each_o other_o join_v into_o one_o current_n ib._n fig._n 13._o but_o however_o important_a the_o gland_n may_v be_v i_o think_v they_o be_v far_o enough_o from_o be_v their_o source_n the_o gland_n of_o the_o mesentery_n have_v their_o lacteal_v which_o import_n and_o other_o which_o export_v the_o chyle_n from_o they_o we_o shall_v find_v the_o case_n of_o these_o vessel_n to_o be_v entire_o parallel_v every_o lymphatic_a gland_n we_o have_v yet_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v have_v both_o species_n of_o duct_n the_o one_o to_o import_n the_o other_o to_o export_v the_o lympha_fw-la from_o they_o whence_o it_o be_v probable_a the_o lesser_o not_o differ_v from_o the_o great_a in_o structure_n but_o magnitude_n only_o they_o serve_v to_o transmit_v the_o lympha_fw-la and_o not_o give_v it_o its_o first_o rise_n this_o will_v be_v still_o more_o evident_a if_o we_o consider_v the_o great_a communication_n between_o the_o blood-vessel_n and_o these_o duct_n the_o first_o origination_n and_o extremity_n of_o these_o lymphducts_a be_v too_o subtle_a and_o fine_a to_o be_v discern_v by_o the_o eye_n even_o assist_v by_o the_o microscope_n and_o must_v give_v room_n for_o suspicion_n and_o conjecture_n the_o artery_n and_o vein_n we_o have_v above_o demonstrate_v be_v but_o one_o continuous_a reflect_v tube_n for_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o assertion_n in_o the_o transparent_a part_n of_o animal_n app._n fig._n 4_o 5._o we_o have_v the_o evidence_n of_o our_o sense_n and_o that_o the_o same_o continuity_n be_v keep_v through_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o the_o body_n no_o rational_a man_n who_o will_v please_v to_o reflect_v on_o the_o uniformity_n of_o nature_n can_v with_o any_o pretence_n of_o reason_n doubt_n now_o as_o these_o vessel_n communicate_v with_o each_o other_o and_o admit_v a_o prompt_a passage_n of_o air_n tinct_a liquor_n mercury_n etc._n etc._n from_o each_o to_o other_o so_o by_o some_o experiment_n we_o find_v they_o have_v with_o the_o excretory-ducts_a and_o vice-versa_a those_o liquor_n which_o we_o can_v convey_v into_o the_o excretory-ducts_a after_o death_n will_v pass_v from_o they_o into_o the_o blood-vessel_n and_o lymphducts_a which_o experiment_n i_o have_v remark_v tab._n 43._o fig._n 5._o as_o a_o objection_n to_o those_o who_o suppose_v valve_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o excretory-ducts_a from_o these_o demonstrative_a and_o convince_v experiment_n we_o may_v conceive_v the_o true_a origin_n of_o the_o lymphducts_a be_v from_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n and_o their_o office_n to_o carry_v back_o the_o superfluous_a serum_fw-la which_o be_v more_o copious_a in_o the_o artery_n than_o be_v perhaps_o convenient_a in_o the_o vein_n where_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v slow_a and_o the_o quantity_n much_o great_a this_o rise_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la be_v still_o more_o clear_a *_o if_o we_o consider_v in_o some_o state_n or_o habit_n of_o body_n when_o the_o crasis_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v deprave_v some_o part_n of_o it_o pass_v this_o way_n and_o the_o lympha_fw-la be_v tinge_v by_o it_o as_o it_o happen_v by_o inject_v water_n by_o the_o artery_n after_o death_n when_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n still_o remain_v in_o its_o vessel_n you_o will_v see_v the_o lymphducts_a fill_v with_o a_o bloody_a water_n this_o origination_n of_o the_o lymphducts_a from_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o blood-vessel_n we_o do_v take_v to_o be_v altogether_o immediate_o from_o their_o side_n as_o we_o do_v that_o of_o the_o secretory_n tube_v app._n fig._n 7._o but_o that_o they_o have_v a_o double_a origin_n the_o one_o from_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o other_o from_o the_o cell_n or_o tube_n which_o contain_v the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o part_n they_o arise_v from_o by_o this_o mean_v not_o only_o the_o superabundant_a serum_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o artery_n be_v carry_v off_o before_o it_o arrive_v in_o the_o vein_n but_o the_o superfluous_a nutritive_a juice_n also_o be_v return_v with_o the_o lympha_fw-la in_o those_o part_n where_o we_o find_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o blood_n between_o the_o artery_n and_o vein_n very_a patent_n as_o in_o the_o spleen_n and_o penis_n the_o lymphducts_a arise_v from_o their_o vesiculae_fw-la as_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o former_a by_o the_o accurate_a nuck_n and_o by_o myself_o in_o the_o latter_a the_o like_a origin_n of_o these_o duct_n may_v be_v observe_v from_o the_o spermatick_a vein_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la and_o ovaria_n in_o which_o the_o blood_n return_v very_o little_o divest_v of_o its_o serosity_n to_o the_o end_n its_o globular_a part_n may_v the_o better_a ascend_v in_o those_o vein_n with_o a_o less_o proportion_n of_o serum_fw-la these_o duct_n empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la of_o their_o gland_n as_o be_v represent_v app._n fig._n 13_o 14._o from_o whence_o the_o export_a duct_n arise_v and_o carry_v the_o lympha_fw-la on_o to_o the_o next_o gland_n or_o thoracick-duct_a app._n fig._n 11._o and_o so_o to_o the_o subclavian_n vein_n thus_o we_o find_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la chyle_n and_o nutritive_a juice_n be_v propel_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n by_o which_o all_o the_o secretion_n of_o the_o animal_n fluids_n be_v in_o like_a manner_n carry_v on_o in_o the_o seven_o figure_n of_o our_o appendix_n we_o have_v express_v the_o secretory_n tube_v arise_v from_o the_o venous_a as_o well_o as_o the_o arterious_a part_n of_o the_o sanguineous_a channel_n before_o its_o inflection_n because_o we_o find_v there_o be_v a_o transit_fw-la from_o the_o vein_n into_o these_o vessel_n yet_o in_o my_o opinion_n most_o of_o they_o arise_v from_o the_o artery_n where_o it_o commence_v to_o grow_v conical_a where_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n through_o the_o effort_n make_v by_o the_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n propel_v receive_v a_o more_o direct_a pressure_n than_o in_o their_o cylindrical_a extremity_n and_o the_o particle_n adapt_v to_o their_o pore_n be_v drive_v into_o the_o tube_n derive_v from_o they_o by_o this_o scheme_n the_o origin_n of_o the_o lympha_fw-la and_o the_o manner_n of_o secretion_n be_v well_o enough_o explain_v but_o why_o the_o saliva_n be_v separate_v in_o the_o parotid_v maxillary_a and_o sublingual_n gland_n the_o bile_n in_o those_o of_o the_o liver_n the_o urine_n by_o the_o kidney_n etc._n etc._n must_v be_v deduce_v from_o their_o peculiar_a structure_n the_o magnitude_n figure_n of_o their_o pore_n and_o various_a disposition_n of_o their_o artery_n have_v a_o mighty_a share_n in_o these_o operation_n thus_o we_o may_v observe_v the_o artery_n of_o the_o testes_fw-la have_v a_o long_a and_o flexuous_a progress_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o ordinary_a method_n of_o nature_n be_v small_a at_o their_o origination_n from_o the_o aorta_fw-la than_o in_o their_o trunk_n after_o a_o far_a descent_n as_o we_o have_v note_a tab._n 45._o all_o which_o conduce_v to_o abate_v the_o impetus_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n before_o it_o arrive_v in_o the_o testes_fw-la on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o current_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o the_o kidney_n by_o
the_o largeness_n short_a and_o straight_a course_n of_o the_o emulgent_n and_o their_o vicinity_n to_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v very_a rapid_n which_o discharge_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o urine_n soon_o after_o the_o use_v of_o chalybeat_a water_n or_o other_o plentiful_a drink_v whilst_o it_o be_v infinite_o more_o slow_a in_o the_o salival_n gland_n pancreas_n liver_n etc._n etc._n we_o shall_v not_o here_o recite_v any_o further_a particular_n hope_v the_o reader_n will_v peruse_v our_o table_n and_o discourse_n of_o the_o several_a organ_n have_v do_v with_o our_o doctrine_n of_o the_o first_o order_n of_o natural_a function_n we_o proceed_v to_o the_o second_o or_o those_o which_o serve_v for_o the_o propagation_n of_o the_o species_n which_o natural_o divide_v its_o self_n into_o two_o part_n viz._n generation_n and_o accretion_n or_o what_o concern_v the_o foetus_fw-la in_o its_o formation_n and_o by_o what_o mean_n and_o step_v it_o be_v carry_v on_o to_o a_o adult_n state_n since_o animal_n body_n be_v transient_a and_o temporary_a the_o author_n of_o nature_n have_v endue_v they_o with_o the_o power_n of_o propagation_n and_o a_o set_a of_o proper_a organ_n to_o continue_v their_o species_n and_o furnish_v a_o constant_a supply_n of_o new_a individual_n from_o the_o difference_n of_o which_o organ_n of_o generation_n arise_v the_o difference_n of_o sex_n all_o animal_n have_v be_v divide_v into_o viviparous_a and_o oviparous_a till_o dr._n harvey_n remove_v the_o distinction_n by_o demonstrate_v all_o live_a creature_n to_o derive_v their_o original_a from_o egg_n with_o this_o difference_n only_o in_o one_o the_o foetus_fw-la be_v perfect_v within_o and_o in_o the_o other_o without_o the_o mother_n body_n this_o doctrine_n of_o that_o great_a man_n have_v since_o be_v full_o evince_v by_o the_o repeat_v dissection_n observation_n and_o experiment_n of_o late_a anatomist_n no_o species_n of_o fowl_n fish_n and_o quadrupedes_fw-la be_v find_v to_o want_v they_o the_o foetus_fw-la be_v sometime_o find_v in_o the_o passage_n between_o the_o ovarium_n and_o vterus_fw-la â—ad_v the_o alveoli_n desert_v by_o they_o be_v sufficient_o discernible_a in_o all_o animal_n after_o impregnation_n so_o that_o the_o existence_n of_o these_o can_v be_v doubt_v or_o that_o there_o be_v a_o perfect_a conformity_n between_o the_o pullus_n in_o ovo_fw-la and_o the_o foetus_fw-la in_o the_o womb._n but_o here_o we_o must_v distinguish_v the_o essential_a and_o constituent_a part_n from_o those_o which_o be_v only_o alimentary_a and_o accessary_a it_o be_v the_o cicatricula_fw-la alone_o in_o the_o egg_n of_o fowl_n in_o which_o reside_v the_o rudiment_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la whilst_o the_o vitellus_n and_o albumen_n prepare_v and_o supply_v its_o nourishment_n both_o bear_v a_o exact_a analogy_n to_o the_o lobe_n and_o plantula_n seminalis_fw-la in_o vegetable_a seed_n the_o seminal_a vesicula_fw-la or_o ouum_fw-la find_v in_o the_o testes_fw-la of_o woman_n etc._n etc._n agree_v in_o every_o respect_n with_o the_o cicatricula_fw-la and_o the_o other_o part_n be_v unnecessary_a because_o the_o foetus_fw-la be_v nourish_v by_o aliment_n supply_v from_o the_o mother_n body_n since_o the_o discovery_n of_o these_o egg_n the_o ancient_a doctrine_n that_o the_o foetus_fw-la be_v form_v from_o the_o commistion_n of_o the_o male_a and_o female_a seed_n have_v be_v by_o all_o reject_v and_o that_o liquor_n which_o have_v be_v take_v by_o all_o precede_a age_n for_o seed_n in_o the_o latter_a be_v find_v to_o be_v only_o a_o mucous_a matter_n secrete_v from_o the_o gland_n of_o the_o vagina_n tab._n 51._o f._n 3._o c._o and_o discharge_v without_o the_o body_n which_o in_o mare_n cow_n and_o many_o other_o animal_n be_v in_o much_o great_a quantity_n than_o be_v possible_a to_o be_v contain_v in_o their_o testes_fw-la though_o generation_n ex_fw-la ovo_fw-la may_v be_v just_o repute_v among_o the_o modern_a improvement_n of_o anatomy_n yet_o this_o do_v not_o altogether_o escape_v the_o notice_n of_o the_o sagacious_a hypocrates_n who_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la inform_v we_o the_o embryo_n after_o conception_n be_v include_v in_o a_o membrane_n exact_o resemble_v a_o egg_n without_o its_o shell_n and_o describe_v the_o rudiment_n of_o the_o vmbilicus_fw-la and_o placenta_fw-la with_o its_o plexus_fw-la of_o blood-vessel_n and_o the_o pellucid_a liquor_n of_o the_o amnio_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o represent_v tab._n 57_o fig._n 2._o this_o accurate_a observation_n he_o acquaint_v we_o he_o make_v from_o a_o abortion_n artificial_o procure_v within_o six_o day_n after_o conception_n to_o preserve_v the_o reputation_n of_o a_o incontinent_a wench_n which_o remarkable_a passage_n not_o ordinary_o take_v notice_n of_o be_v show_v i_o by_o my_o very_a ingenious_a friend_n dr._n fern._n much_o of_o the_o same_o age_n or_o something_o more_o and_o agree_v with_o the_o description_n of_o hypocrates_n be_v the_o secundine_n which_o the_o learned_a dr._n hannes_n keep_v among_o his_o other_o anatomical_a collection_n upon_o the_o invention_n of_o these_o ova_n de_fw-fr graaf_n and_o other_o who_o have_v successful_o employ_v themselves_o in_o their_o inquiry_n on_o this_o subject_a begin_v to_o erect_v a_o opinion_n that_o the_o female_a only_o furnish_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la and_o the_o male_n serve_v to_o actuate_v it_o by_o its_o prolific_a influence_n this_o opinion_n which_o derogate_v much_o from_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o male-sex_n prevail_v till_o mons._n leeuwenhoeck_n by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o exquisite_a microscope_n in_o which_o he_o have_v be_v well_o pursue_v by_o mr._n melling_n detect_v innumerable_a small_a animal_n in_o the_o masculine_a sperm_n and_o by_o this_o noble_a discovery_n at_o once_o remove_v that_o difficulty_n and_o add_v much_o to_o the_o theory_n of_o generation_n in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o royal-society_n he_o acquaint_v they_o he_o have_v observe_v incredible_a number_n of_o these_o animalcula_fw-la in_o the_o testicle_n of_o frog_n so_o slender_a as_o not_o to_o exceed_v the_o thousand_o part_n of_o a_o single_a hair_n with_o a_o head_n proportionable_o large_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o body_n all_o various_o move_v to_o and_o fro_o that_o he_o have_v find_v the_o same_o in_o the_o testicle_n of_o all_o animal_n which_o he_o have_v inspect_v and_o in_o another_o he_o give_v they_o a_o account_n that_o in_o the_o spawn_n of_o a_o cabeliaw_n he_o have_v find_v they_o to_o be_v still_o lesser_o and_o more_o than_o ten_o thousand_o swim_v about_o in_o a_o portion_n of_o seed_n not_o exceed_v a_o grain_n of_o sand_n and_o pretend_v to_o find_v by_o a_o formal_a computation_n all_o the_o animal_n contain_v in_o the_o lactes_fw-la of_o this_o fish_n to_o exceed_v more_o than_o ten_o time_n the_o number_n of_o man_n on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n foecundation_n he_o esteem_v to_o proceed_v from_o one_o of_o these_o numerous_a animalcula_fw-la after_o ejection_n strike_v through_o the_o pore_n or_o perforation_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o ouum_fw-la and_o lodging_n itself_o in_o the_o cicatricula_fw-la which_o be_v dispose_v to_o receive_v and_o nourish_v it_o from_o this_o surprise_v discovery_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o no_o aura_n seminalis_fw-la or_o influx_n of_o active_a spirituous_a matter_n do_v delineate_v the_o foetus_fw-la and_o that_o observation_n of_o malpighius_n illustrated_n that_o before_o impregnation_n no_o vestigia_fw-la of_o the_o pullus_n can_v be_v find_v and_o yet_o in_o some_o few_o hour_n after_o it_o be_v distinct_a and_o visible_a have_v thus_o take_v a_o short_a prospect_n of_o the_o material_n we_o must_v proceed_v to_o the_o order_n and_o progress_n of_o generation_n from_o the_o inchoation_n till_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o foetus_fw-la in_o the_o womb_n and_o its_o exclusion_n and_o thence_o till_o its_o full_a growth_n or_o dimension_n prescribe_v by_o nature_n to_o the_o species_n the_o arteriae_fw-la spermaticae_n in_o man_n bring_v the_o blood_n to_o the_o testes_fw-la in_o who_o convolution_n it_o be_v prepare_v and_o carry_v by_o the_o vasa_n deferentia_fw-la to_o the_o vesiculae_fw-la seminales_fw-la where_o it_o be_v lodge_v till_o in_o the_o time_n of_o coition_n it_o be_v inject_v into_o the_o vagina_n vteri_fw-la the_o manner_n of_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o penis_n in_o apply_v it_o to_o the_o transverse_a ligament_n of_o the_o ossa_fw-la pubis_fw-la by_o the_o musculi_fw-la erigentes_fw-la and_o the_o constriction_n of_o the_o corpus_fw-la cavernosum_fw-la vrethrae_n by_o the_o musculi_fw-la acceleratores_fw-la to_o stop_v the_o refluent_a blood_n and_o inflate_v the_o bulb_n and_o cavernous_a body_n i_o shall_v wave_v repeat_v have_v ample_o describe_v this_o artifice_n in_o the_o appendix_n to_o my_o myotomia_fw-la reformata_fw-la the_o semen_n inject_v into_o the_o vagina_n of_o the_o woman_n be_v convey_v to_o the_o ovaria_n through_o the_o womb_n itself_o and_o the_o falloppian_n tube_v which_o