of_o the_o cliff_n for_o the_o south_n end_n bring_v the_o mill_n near_o ramsgate_n to_o the_o northward_a of_o ramsgate-peer_n depth_n in_o this_o channel_n at_o low-water_n be_v two_o and_o a_o half_a three_o and_o a_o half_a and_o four_o fathom_n the_o near_a the_o break_v the_o deep_a this_o sand_n be_v note_v in_o the_o draught_n with_o the_o letter_n s_o the_o brake_n the_o brake_n be_v a_o sand_n that_o lie_v to_o the_o westward_n of_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o goodwin_n between_o this_o and_o the_o goodwin_n be_v the_o channel_n for_o great_a ship_n to_o pass_v the_o north_n end_n of_o it_o be_v the_o narrow_a and_o most_o steep_a too_o and_o dry_v most_o at_o low-water_n the_o mark_n for_o the_o north_n end_n be_v to_o bring_v st._n laurence_n steeple_n on_o the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o cliff_n to_o the_o northward_a of_o ramsgate-peer_n this_o sand_n lie_v n.n.e._n and_o s.s.w._n the_o mark_n for_o the_o south_n end_n be_v to_o bring_v ash_n steeple_n open_v a_o hand-spike_n length_n to_o the_o south_n of_o sandwich_n steeple_n then_o be_v you_o clear_a to_o the_o southward_a of_o the_o south_n end_n or_o else_o the_o windmill_n on_o the_o cliff_n at_o the_o southeast_n end_n of_o the_o town_n of_o ramsgate_n the_o depth_n in_o this_o channel_n be_v 7_o 8_o 9_o 10_o 11_o and_z 12_o fathom_n the_o mark_n to_o lead_v through_o to_o the_o northwards_o of_o the_o cliff_n of_o the_o south-foreland_n point_n or_o else_o margot_n church_n on_o the_o three_o cliff_n from_o the_o foreland_n northward_o to_o the_o northward_a of_o the_o bunt-head_n the_o goodwin_n be_v not_o so_o steep_a too_o but_o you_o may_v come_v there_o in_o eight_o fathom_n and_o to_o the_o brake_n in_o six_o and_o seven_o fathom_n according_a to_o the_o time_n of_o tide_n this_o sand_n be_v about_o two_o mile_n long_o and_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n broad_a the_o goodwin_n the_o goodwin_n be_v a_o sand_n that_o lie_v before_o the_o down_n and_o be_v from_o the_o shore_n in_o some_o part_n four_o mile_n and_o in_o some_o five_o the_o southern_a half_n lie_v s.s.w._n and_o n.n.e._n round_v towards_o the_o south-foreland_n the_o northern_a part_n of_o it_o lie_v north_n &_o south_n round_v to_o the_o east_n side_n and_o be_v in_o most_o place_n steep_v too_o at_o the_o north_n end_v there_o be_v indifferent_a good_a shoal_v the_o sand_n by_o storm_n and_o strong_a tide_n alter_v every_o year_n be_v very_o broad_a and_o dry_v a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o but_o most_o to_o the_o north_n end_n the_o mark_n for_o to_o go_v clear_a of_o the_o north-sand-head_n north-sand-head_n mark_n for_o the_o north-sand-head_n be_v to_o bring_v st._n peter_n steeple_n on_o broad-stairs-peer_n this_o mark_n will_v direct_v you_o by_o it_o in_o five_o and_o six_o fathom_n according_a to_o the_o tide_n and_o in_o the_o night_n the_o light_n on_o the_o north-foreland_n northwest_o south-sand-head_n mark_n for_o the_o south-sand-head_n half_a west_n the_o mark_n for_o the_o south-sand-head_n be_v the_o steeple_n of_o ring-joul_a on_o the_o village_n call_v kings-down_a or_o the_o light-house_n on_o the_o south-foreland_n together_o from_o this_o sand_n spit_v out_o against_o the_o brake_n bunthead_n bunthead_n a_o sand_n call_v the_o bunt-head_n which_o be_v very_o steep_a too_o have_v eleven_o fathom_n close_o to_o it_o the_o north_n end_n lie_v off_o broad-stair_n about_o six_o mile_n and_o the_o south_n end_n about_o three_o mile_n off_o the_o shore_n if_o you_o come_v from_o the_o west_n do_v keep_v folkston_n land_n open_a of_o dover_n land_n it_o will_v carry_v you_o without_o the_o south-sand-head_n the_o fall_v the_o fall_n be_v a_o long_a narrow_a sand_n that_o lie_v south_n by_o west_n from_o the_o galloper_n about_o twelve_o mile_n it_o be_v fitteen_fw-mi mile_n in_o length_n and_o lie_v south_n by_o west_n and_o north_n by_o east_n the_o south_n end_n lie_v about_o seven_o mile_n without_o the_o goodwin-sand_n and_o bear_v from_o the_o light-house_n on_o the_o south-foreland_n e._n n._n e._n about_o thirteen_o mile_n the_o north_n end_n bear_v from_o st._n peter_n church_n on_o the_o north-foreland_n e._n n._n e._n about_o sixteen_o mile_n the_o south_n end_n be_v shoal_a where_o there_o be_v but_o 20_o and_o 21_o foot_n at_o low-water_n this_o end_n have_v a_o broad_a round_a flat_a head_n like_o the_o galloper_n where_o the_o tide_n do_v ripple_n and_o whelm_v very_o much_o close_o to_o it_o there_o be_v twenty_o fathom_n some_o say_v they_o have_v be_v on_o it_o in_o fifteen_o foot_n water_n on_o the_o north_n part_n of_o it_o four_z four_o and_o a_o half_a five_z and_o five_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a whether_o it_o alter_v or_o not_o we_o can_v learn_v of_o any_o the_o ground_n be_v gross_a gravel_n and_o the_o sounding_n about_o it_o be_v very_o uneven_a a_o mile_n within_o and_o without_o the_o north_n end_v there_o be_v 27_o fathom_n it_o be_v steep_a too_o on_o both_o side_n the_o sounding_n we_o have_v from_o the_o north-foreland_n be_v 9_o 10_o 11_o 12_o 13_o 14_o 15_o 16_o 19_o 22_o 24_o 27_o 28._o 24_o 23_o 22_o 20_o 11_o 6_o and_o a_o half_a and_o on_o the_o north_n end_v there_o be_v as_o about_o the_o south_n end_n 15_o 19_o 20_o 25_o 28_o fathom_n within_o and_o without_o it_o the_o galloper_n the_o galloper_n be_v a_o sand_n that_o lie_v near_o southeast_n by_o south_n from_o the_o gabard_n about_o ten_o mile_n and_o be_v proper_o so_o call_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a length_n of_o it_o with_o the_o strength_n and_o crossness_n of_o the_o tide_n that_o set_v over_o it_o be_v very_o steep_a on_o both_o side_n all_o which_o in_o foul_a weather_n make_v such_o a_o great_a short_a sea_n that_o if_o any_o ship_n come_v near_o it_o it_o make_v she_o and_o the_o people_n in_o she_o to_o gallop_v to_o get_v from_o it_o of_o all_o the_o sand_n none_o be_v like_a to_o this_o for_o narrowness_n it_o be_v a_o wonder_n that_o be_v it_o consist_v on_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o small_a shingle_a or_o stone_n and_o the_o tide_n set_v so_o strong_a and_o cross_a over_o it_o together_o with_o the_o sea_n that_o must_v fall_v upon_o it_o in_o foul_a weather_n be_v so_o great_a with_o the_o steepness_n on_o both_o side_n and_o the_o narrowness_n atop_o that_o it_o be_v not_o disperse_v and_o carry_v away_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o this_o shoal_n some_o depth_n under_o the_o shingle_a be_v a_o rock_n the_o top_n whereof_o hold_v in_o the_o shingle_a and_o it_o be_v also_o very_a like_o that_o it_o do_v alter_v every_o winter_n in_o stormy_a weather_n it_o lie_v north_n by_o east_n and_o south_n by_o west_n in_o length_n it_o be_v eight_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a and_o in_o breadth_n twenty_o or_o thirty_o foot_n but_o at_o the_o south_n end_v it_o have_v a_o broad_a head_n and_o flat_a at_o top_n half_o a_o mile_n broad_a but_o steep_a too_o round_o about_o it_o close_o to_o the_o south_n end_n be_v a_o hole_n where_o we_o see_v the_o tide_n make_v a_o very_a great_a whelming_a and_o riple_v we_o think_v that_o the_o least_o water_n have_v be_v there_o but_o when_o we_o have_v have_v the_o lead_n within_o it_o we_o have_v twenty_o fathom_n the_o next_o cast_v without_o it_o we_o have_v but_o 7_o 8_o 9_o and_z 10_o fathom_n the_o north_n end_n of_o it_o bear_v from_o orford_n church_n southeast_n seven_o degree_n east_n 24_o mile_n off_o the_o south_n end_n bear_v from_o the_o north-foreland_n north-east_n five_o degree_n north_n 27_o mile_n within_o the_o body_n of_o this_o sand_n we_o meet_v with_o a_o hole_n s.w._n and_o n._n e._n three_o mile_n in_o length_n where_o we_o have_v twenty_o fathom_n water_n other_o depth_n that_o we_o have_v betwixt_o this_o sand_n and_o the_o shipwash_n be_v 14_o 16_o 17_o 18_o and_o 20_o fathom_n and_o such_o like_a on_o the_o southeast_n side_n of_o this_o sand_n two_o mile_n off_o we_o have_v from_o the_o sand_n off-ward_n 15_o 17_o 18_o 20_o 24_o and_o 26_o fathom_n the_o tide_n set_v over_o it_o north-east_n by_o east_n and_o south-west_n by_o west_n four_o league_n a_o watch_n and_o it_o flow_v south_n &_o north_n and_o have_v but_o 14_o and_o 15_o foot_n at_o low-water_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o close_o to_o the_o outward_a side_n of_o the_o sand_n you_o will_v have_v 14_o fathom_n and_o at_o the_o inner_a side_n ten_o and_o eleven_o fathom_n the_o gabard_n the_o gabard_n be_v a_o sand_n that_o lie_v near_o east_n from_o the_o shipwash_n about_o eight_o or_o nine_o mile_n and_o lie_v north_n and_o south_n be_v in_o length_n three_o mile_n and_o a_o cable_n length_n broad_a on_o which_o at_o low-water_n there_o be_v but_o 12_o or_o 13_o foot_n and_o have_v good_a
shoaling_n on_o both_o side_n it_o lie_v e._n s._n e._n five_o league_n from_o orford_n church_n and_o castle_n gabard_n bearing_n of_o the_o gabard_n the_o depth_n between_o this_o sand_n and_o orford-ness_n be_v near_o 18_o 19_o and_o 20_o fathom_n only_o a_o mile_n w.n.w._n from_o the_o north_n end_n of_o it_o we_o have_v two_o cast_v off_o 27_o fathom_n the_o south_n end_n of_o it_o by_o judgement_n lie_v from_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o galloper_n nine_o or_o ten_o mile_n southeast_n by_o south_n and_o northwest_n by_o north._n the_o depth_n betwixt_o this_o sand_n and_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o galloper_n be_v 14_o 15_o 16_o 17_o and_o 18_o fathom_n kentish-knock_a the_o kentish-knock_a be_v a_o sand_n the_o body_n whereof_o lie_v five_o mile_n south_n from_o the_o long-sand-head_n and_o be_v three_o mile_n in_o length_n north-east_n and_o south-west_n and_o in_o breadth_n two_o mile_n northwest_n and_o southeast_n this_o sand_n have_v the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o oval_a and_o have_v a_o ridge_n in_o the_o middle_n from_o northwest_n to_o southeast_n on_o which_o there_o be_v but_o six_o foot_n at_o low-water_n to_o the_o north-east_n and_o south-west_n of_o this_o ridge_n there_o be_v 18_o 10_o 12_o 14_o and_o 15_o foot_n as_o you_o be_v near_o the_o end_n of_o it_o and_o it_o be_v steep_a too_o round_o about_o between_o this_o and_o the_o longsand_n be_v a_o channel_n near_o two_o mile_n broad_a where_o there_o be_v twelve_o and_o thirteen_o fathom_n from_o the_o south-west_n and_o north-east_n end_v of_o this_o shoal_n run_v a_o ridge_n more_o than_o a_o mile_n to_o the_o north-east_n and_o south-west_n on_o which_o there_o be_v 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o 9_o and_z 10_o fathom_n and_o off_o either_o side_n more_o water_n south_n by_o east_n from_o the_o long-sand-head_n you_o will_v go_v to_o the_o eastward_n of_o this_o shoal_n to_o the_o e._n s._n e._n of_o this_o you_o will_v quick_o come_v in_o 15_o 17_o 19_o and_o 20_o fathom_v water_n kentish-knock_a bearing_n of_o the_o kentish-knock_a the_o body_n of_o this_o knock_n lie_v from_o st._n peter_n church_n on_o the_o north-foreland_n n._n n._n e._n three_o degree_n east_n fifteen_o mile_n the_o north-east_n end_n of_o the_o knock_n and_o the_o long-sand-head_n bear_v south_n by_o east_n and_o north_n by_o west_n longsand_n a_o note_n to_o know_v the_o knock_n from_o the_o longsand_n to_o know_v when_o you_o be_v near_o the_o knock_n or_o long-sand-head_n be_v thus_o when_o you_o be_v near_o the_o knock_n you_o shall_v see_v the_o land_n of_o the_o north-foreland_n very_o plain_a but_o when_o you_o be_v at_o the_o long-sand-head_n you_o will_v hardly_o see_v the_o land_n except_o it_o be_v very_o clear_a weather_n or_o unless_o you_o go_v up_o the_o shroud_n at_o the_o knock_v you_o may_v see_v it_o plain_o on_o the_o deck_n pan-sand_n these_o be_v a_o heap_n of_o small_a sand_n of_o divers_a shape_n lie_v at_o the_o south-west_n end_n of_o the_o longsand_n which_o dry_v at_o low-water_n and_o have_v some_o water_n ran_v betwixt_o they_o but_o no_o passage_n for_o ship_n one_o of_o which_o sands_n join_v to_o the_o south-west_n end_n of_o the_o girdler_n and_o lie_v up_o from_o it_o w._n s._n w._n in_o length_n two_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a and_o make_v the_o entrance_n into_o the_o black-deeps_a where_o the_o channel_n be_v but_o half_a a_o mile_n broad_a and_o 10_o 11_o and_o 12_o fathom_v water_n the_o rest_n of_o these_o pan-sand_n lie_v e.s.e._n from_o this_o four_o mile_n and_o then_o trend_a away_o north-east_n five_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a even_o with_o the_o longsand_n and_o to_o it_o these_o sand_n be_v note_v in_o the_o draught_n with_o the_o letter_n e._n the_o girdler_n the_o girdler_n be_v a_o sand_n that_o lie_v south-west_n from_o the_o longsand_n and_o spit_v home_o to_o it_o it_o lie_v north-east_n by_o east_n and_o south-west_n by_o west_n it_o be_v four_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a long_o and_o half_a a_o mile_n broad_a be_v steep_a too_o on_o the_o northwest_n side_n where_o there_o be_v 12_o 15_o 16_o fathom_n water_n from_o the_o north-east_n end_n of_o this_o sand_n to_o the_o southwestward_a the_o channel_n grow_v narrow_a and_o narrow_a this_o sand_n be_v note_v in_o the_o draught_n with_o the_o letter_n d._n the_o longsand_n the_o longsand_n be_v proper_o so_o call_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o great_a length_n contain_v fifteen_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a in_o breadth_n it_o be_v from_o one_o mile_n to_o two_o and_o lie_v north-east_n by_o east_n and_o south-west_n by_o west_n on_o the_o northwest_n side_n it_o be_v steep_a too_o have_v in_o most_o place_n ten_o fathom_n close_o to_o it_o but_o at_o the_o north-east_n end_n which_o be_v call_v long-sand-head_n be_v good_a shoal_v lie_v off_o a_o mile_n n.e._n but_o in_o nine_o fathom_n the_o southeast_n side_n not_o so_o deep_a you_o may_v sail_v along_o it_o in_o 4_o 5_o and_z 6_o fathom_n much_o of_o this_o sand_n dry_v at_o three_o quarter_n ebb_v and_o in_o some_o part_n of_o it_o there_o be_v long_o narrow_a swatche_n two_o or_o three_o one_o by_o another_o head_n long_o sand_n head_n which_o run_v upward_o and_o downward_o as_o the_o sand_n lie_v in_o which_o at_o low-water_n be_v three_o and_o four_o fathom_n the_o ridge_n between_o be_v dry_a the_o head_n of_o this_o sand_n bear_v from_o st._n peter_n church_n on_o the_o north-foreland_n s._n s._n w._n and_o n._n n._n e._n about_o twenty_o mile_n and_o from_o the_o naze_n e._n s._n e._n five_o degree_n south_n 17_o mile_n and_o from_o the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o galloper_n west_n five_o degree_n south_n longsand_n bearing_n of_o the_o longsand_n about_o eleven_o mile_n and_o from_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o fall_v it_o bear_v northwest_o by_o north_n about_o sixteen_o mile_n at_o the_o head_n of_o this_o sand_n it_o flow_v north_n and_o south_n and_o the_o flood_n and_o ebb_n set_v on_o several_a point_n of_o the_o compass_n the_o shivering-sand_n the_o shivering-sand_n run_v up_o to_o the_o south-west_n from_o knock-john_n and_o lie_v north-east_n and_o south-west_n be_v in_o length_n about_o seven_o mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n a_o mile_n run_v away_o sharp_a at_o both_o end_n and_o round_v on_o the_o northwest_n side_n where_o you_o have_v 8_o 9_o and_z 10_o fathom_n close_o to_o it_o on_o the_o south_n side_n 10_o and_o 12_o fathom_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n between_o it_o and_o the_o girdler_n there_o be_v 12_o 13_o 14_o and_o 15_o fathom_n from_o the_o south-west_n end_n of_o this_o to_z the_o buoy_z of_o the_o redsand_n be_v three_o mile_n w.s.w._n and_o e.n.e._n and_o from_o the_o northwest_n end_n of_o the_o mouse_n to_o this_o sand_n be_v four_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a east_n by_o south_n and_o west_n by_o north_n and_o from_o the_o south-west_n end_n of_o this_o to_o the_o south-west_n end_n of_o the_o west-barrows_n be_v two_o mile_n and_o one_o three_o n.n.w._n &_o s.s.e._n and_o from_o the_o south-west_n end_n of_o this_o to_o the_o south-west_n end_n of_o the_o pan-sand_n be_v half_a a_o mile_n south_n by_o east_n and_o north_n by_o west_n knock-john_n kneck-john_n be_v a_o sand_n that_o lie_v at_o the_o south-west_n end_n of_o the_o sink_v lie_v north-east_n by_o east_n and_o south-west_n by_o west_n and_o be_v in_o length_n about_o six_o mile_n and_o a_o mile_n broad_a in_o the_o middle_n grow_v narrow_a towards_o each_o end_n and_o run_v up_o with_o a_o tail_n on_o the_o northwest_n side_n of_o the_o shivering-sand_n where_o there_o be_v a_o small_a swatch_n that_o part_v they_o but_o be_v not_o navigable_a this_o sand_n be_v wind_v and_o sharp_a at_o both_o end_n the_o north-east_n end_n tayl_v on_o the_o south-west_n side_n of_o the_o sink_v a_o great_a part_n of_o this_o sand_n dry_v at_o half-tyde_n and_o be_v steep_a too_o on_o both_o side_n have_v ten_o fathom_n close_o to_o it_o betwixt_o this_o and_o the_o longsand_n the_o channel_n be_v a_o mile_n and_o three-quarters_o broad_a and_o betwixt_o this_o and_o the_o east-barrows_n it_o be_v a_o mile_n broad_a the_o sink_v the_o sink_v be_v a_o sand_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o longsand_n sink_v bearing_n of_o the_o sink_v who_o north-east_n end_n do_v bear_v one_o from_o the_o other_o e._n s._n e._n and_o w._n n._n w._n about_o two_o or_o three_o mile_n distant_a between_o they_o both_o enter_v the_o channel_n call_v the_o black-deeps_a where_o there_o be_v 11_o 12_o 13_o 14_o black-deeps_a black-deeps_a 15_o fathom_n water_n and_o ten_o fathom_n close_o to_o the_o sand_n on_o both_o side_n this_o sand_n lie_v north-east_n by_o east_n and_o south-west_n by_o west_n about_o eight_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a the_o west_n end_n run_v a_o little_a on_o the_o northwest_n side_n of_o
lie_v a_o buoy_z which_o lie_v from_o the_o sporn_n west_n by_o south_n half_a southerly_a seven_o mile_n and_o from_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o bull_n east_n by_o south_n four_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a sonk_z the_o sonk_z be_v a_o sand_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n almost_o as_o far_o down_o as_o the_o sporn_n if_o go_v up_o on_o the_o south_n side_n you_o bring_v pauls-tower_n open_a of_o the_o redcliff_n to_o the_o eastward_a than_o you_o be_v clear_a or_o about_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o sonk_z holms_n the_o holms_n be_v a_o sand_n which_o lie_v about_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o shore_n the_o east_n end_n come_v within_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o sonk_z and_o on_o the_o west_n end_n lie_v a_o buoy_z which_o bear_v south_n a_o mile_n and_o half_a from_o pauls-church_n and_o from_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o bull_n northwest_o by_o west_n about_o thirteen_o mile_n the_o dogger-bank_n east_n from_o the_o spornhead_n six_o league_n lie_v the_o westermost_a corner_n off_o of_o the_o dogger-bank_n from_o which_o it_o extend_v itself_o north-east_n by_o east_n 77_o league_n the_o eastermost_a end_n be_v but_o 17_o league_n south-west_n by_o west_n from_o rinkopperdeep_a in_o jutland_n the_o breadth_n of_o this_o sand_n be_v 11_o league_n on_o the_o westermost_a end_n hereof_o you_o will_v have_v 10_o 9_o 11_o 12_o and_z 13_o fathom_n but_o towards_o the_o east_n end_n 14_o 15_o 18_o 20_o and_o at_o the_o point_n of_o it_o 25_o fathom_n on_o the_o north_n side_n you_o will_v have_v 50_o 46_o 45_o &_o 40_o fathom_n on_o the_o south_n side_n 28_o and_o 26_o fathom_n crouch-bank_n in_o the_o midway_n between_o flamborough-head_n and_o the_o naze_n lie_v this_o great_a bank_n north_n by_o east_n and_o south_n by_o west_n in_o the_o sea_n be_v in_o length_n 35_o league_n the_o south_n end_v hereof_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o dogger-bank_n five_o league_n and_o from_o flamborrough-head_n north-east_n half_a easterly_a 39_o league_n on_o the_o south_n end_n of_o this_o bank_n be_v 22_o in_o the_o middle_n 38_o 39_o and_o on_o the_o north_n end_n 28_o fathom_n which_o bear_v from_o the_o naze_n w._n s._n w._n 39_o league_n the_o whitebank_n about_o twenty_o league_n north_n from_o friezland_n lie_v the_o whitebank_n be_v in_o length_n 27_o league_n and_o in_o breadth_n five_o league_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o dogger-bank_n 13_o league_n lie_v east_n by_o north_n and_o west_n by_o south_n in_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o west_n end_n be_v 23_o fathom_n and_o on_o the_o south_n end_n 22._o the_o white-water_n north-west_n by_o west_n fourteen_o league_n from_o the_o texel_n lie_v a_o bank_n call_v the_o white-water_n lie_v north-east_n by_o east_n and_o south-west_n by_o south_n in_o the_o sea_n be_v in_o length_n ten_o league_n on_o which_o be_v sixteen_o fathom_n the_o west_n end_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o well_o seven_o league_n where_o you_o will_v have_v 24_o and_o 25_o fathom_n and_o between_o it_o and_o the_o dogger-bank_n 27_o and_o 28_o fathom_n the_o well_o north-east_n by_o north_n from_o wintertonness_n about_o eleven_o league_n lie_v the_o well_o be_v a_o large_a square_a bank_n in_o length_n 13_o league_n and_o in_o breadth_n 10_o the_o ground_n whereof_o be_v very_o uneven_a where_o at_o the_o first_o cast_v you_o will_v have_v 12_o the_o next_o 16_o and_o in_o some_o place_n 22_o fathom_n between_o it_o and_o the_o dogger-bank_n from_o which_o it_o be_v distant_a about_o four_o league_n near_o the_o say_v well_o 30_o and_o 24_o near_o the_o dogger_n 51_o 44_o 30_o and_o 28_o fathom_n between_o it_o and_o the_o bread-bank_n 23_o and_o 24_o fathom_n and_o between_o it_o and_o the_o english_a shore_n 20_o 26_o and_o 24_o fathom_n a_o description_n of_o the_o sand_n shoal_n buoys_n beacon_n and_o sea-marks_a upon_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n from_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o nower_n to_o dover_n the_o flat_n the_o flat_n be_v so_o call_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o general_a flatness_n on_o which_o you_o may_v sail_v 4_o or_o 5_o mile_n and_o not_o alter_v one_o foot_n in_o depth_n in_o the_o course_n from_o the_o narrow_a to_o the_o redsand_n you_o may_v have_v ten_o foot_n water_n to_o the_o eastward_a in_o some_o hole_n you_o have_v fifteen_o and_o sixteen_o foot_n water_n the_o danger_n that_o be_v in_o these_o flat_n be_v discourse_v of_o in_o their_o place_n for_o he_o that_o keep_v himself_o on_o the_o course_n that_o lead_v from_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o woolpack_n to_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o redsand_n which_o be_v northwest_o by_o west_n a_o quarter_n north_n if_o he_o take_v tie_v according_a to_o the_o draught_n of_o his_o ship_n shall_v not_o meet_v with_o any_o danger_n the_o gilman_n the_o gilman_n be_v a_o shoal_n that_o lie_v up_o from_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o spell_n w.n.w._n about_o five_o mile_n and_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n southeast_n by_o south_n from_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o spaniard_n and_o fall_v dry_a on_o spring-tyde_n he_o that_o keep_v in_o the_o course_n that_o lead_v from_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o woolpack_n to_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o redsand_n will_v not_o come_v near_o it_o this_o shoal_n be_v note_v in_o the_o draught_n with_o the_o letter_n c._n the_o spaniard_n the_o spaniard_n be_v a_o sand_n that_o take_v its_o beginning_n from_o sheppy-island_n and_o run_v down_o east_n by_o north_n until_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o redsand_n be_v northwest_o by_o north_n from_o the_o east_n end_n of_o it_o a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a distance_n a_o good_a part_n of_o this_o sand_n fall_v dry_a and_o he_o that_o keep_v the_o west_n end_n of_o st._n nicholas-wood_n in_o the_o gore_n open_a to_o the_o eastward_n of_o the_o reculvers-steeple_n will_v not_o come_v near_o this_o sand._n between_o this_o and_o the_o redsand_n run_v down_o the_o first_o depth_n where_o there_o be_v 5_o 6_o 7_o and_o 8_o fathom_n the_o more_o to_o the_o eastward_a the_o deep_a water_n the_o redsand_n and_o buoy_z the_o redsand_n be_v very_o long_o on_o the_o east_n end_n whereof_o lie_v a_o buoy_z to_o direct_v they_o clear_v to_o the_o north_n of_o it_o into_o the_o channel_n betwixt_o this_o sand_n and_o the_o oaze-edge_n which_o lead_v towards_o london_n or_o downward_o over_o the_o flat_n the_o north_n side_n of_o this_o sand_n from_o the_o buoy_z upward_o be_v steep_a too_o but_o indifferent_a shoal_v this_o buoy_z lie_v from_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o oaze-edge_n east_n half_a north_n and_o west_n buoy_z mark_n of_o the_o buoy_z half_a south_n about_o three_o or_o four_o mile_n the_o mark_n on_o the_o land_n for_o this_o buoy_z be_v to_o bring_v the_o landsend_n south-west_n and_o st._n nicholas-wood_n open_a to_o the_o reculver_n or_o to_o bring_v the_o reculver_n southeast_n the_o eastermost_a end_n of_o this_o sand_n lie_v out_o with_o two_o tongue_n upon_o the_o northermost_a of_o which_o be_v place_v a_o buoy_z the_o oaze-edge_n and_o buoy_z the_o oaze-edge_n be_v a_o sand_n that_o lie_v to_o the_o northward_a of_o the_o redsand_n and_o lie_v e.n.e._n and_o w.s.w._n contain_v about_o 4_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o half_a a_o mile_n in_o breadth_n the_o channel_n betwixt_o this_o and_o the_o redsand_n be_v in_o some_o part_n more_o and_o in_o some_o less_o than_o a_o mile_n broad_a the_o south_n side_n of_o this_o sand_n be_v steep_a too_o and_o the_o deep_a part_n in_o the_o channel_n be_v nine_o and_o ten_o fathom_n at_o the_o west_n end_n of_o it_o lie_v a_o buoy_z and_o bear_v north_n by_o east_n from_o the_o landsend_n church_n mousehole_n church_n on_o the_o north-east_n of_o sheppy_n than_o mousehole_n church_n be_v open_a to_o the_o eastward_o of_o the_o say_a landsend_n from_o this_o buoy_z to_z the_o buoy_z of_o the_o nower_n the_o course_n be_v west_n a_o quarter_n south_n about_o five_o mile_n the_o spile_v the_o spile_v be_v a_o small_a round_a sand_n and_o lie_v almost_o thwart_v the_o buoy_z of_o the_o oaze-edge_n to_o the_o southward_a on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o west-tayl_n of_o the_o redsand_n you_o have_v but_o six_o foot_n at_o low-water_n and_o lie_v very_o dangerous_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o woolpack_n the_o buoy_z of_o the_o woolpack_n be_v the_o westermost_a buoy_z in_o the_o narrow_a on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o channel_n buoy_z mark_n of_o this_o buoy_z and_o lie_v on_o the_o west_n spit_v of_o the_o woolpack-sand_n and_o bear_v from_o reculvers-sleeple_a north_n by_o west_n than_o you_o have_v two_o little_a hill_n like_o two_o pap_n on_o the_o upper_a land_n to_o the_o southwards_o just_o open_a and_o shut_v to_o the_o reculvers-sleeple_a this_o buoy_z be_v note_v in_o the_o draught_n with_o the_o letter_n x._o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o spell_n the_o buoy_z of_o the_o spell_n
schieringhalls_n be_v a_o sand_n that_o lie_v along_o by_o the_o fly-land_n there_o be_v a_o channel_n between_o they_o but_o not_o navigable_a on_o the_o n._n e._n side_n stand_v five_o beacon_n and_o on_o the_o east_n point_v thereof_o which_o be_v four_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a s.s.e._n half_a easterly_a from_o the_o fly-land_n lie_v a_o buoy_z about_o three_o cable_n length_n s_o e._n from_o which_o lie_v another_o on_o the_o side_n of_o this_o sand_n which_o lie_v south_n stand_v six_o beacon_n it_o be_v five_o mile_n in_o length_n than_o it_o run_v s._n w._n by_o west_n 4_o mile_n from_o thence_o n._n w._n by_o west_n 6_o mile_n from_o whence_o it_o go_v n._n w._n be_v concave_a four_o mile_n which_o point_n be_v call_v the_o pan_n from_o which_o it_o run_v by_o the_o aforesaid_a fly_n land_n to_o the_o first_o beacon_n which_o course_n be_v e.n.e._n almost_o 4_o league_n the_o say_a point_n or_o pau_n lie_v from_o the_o west_n end_n of_o eyerland_n s.s.e._n a_o great_a mile_n breesand_n breesand_n be_v separate_v from_o schieringhal_n with_o a_o small_a channel_n from_o the_o buoy_z on_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o foresay_a sand_n to_o claes-owens_n beacon_n the_o course_n be_v s._n s._n e._n distant_a four_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a between_o which_o you_o will_v have_v 40_o and_o 48_o fathom_n from_o which_o to_o a_o beacon_n that_o stand_v on_o the_o hook_n of_o this_o sand_n the_o course_n be_v s._n s._n e._n a_o mile_n from_o which_o beacon_n to_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o sand_n the_o course_n be_v south_n three_o great_a league_n in_o which_o space_n on_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o sand_n there_o stand_v four_o beacon_n from_o which_o tail_n it_o run_v n._n e._n by_o east_n about_o two_o league_n round_v about_o until_o it_o run_v north_n which_o will_v bring_v you_o to_o a_o buoy_z on_o the_o n._n w._n corner_n not_o above_o half_a a_o mile_n from_o the_o south_n point_v of_o the_o shieringhal_n langer-sand_n langer-sand_n have_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o head_n of_o it_o three_o buoys_n which_o lie_v one_o from_o the_o other_o s._n e._n by_o south_n and_o n._n w._n by_o west_n this_o sand_n lie_v within_o the_o island_n grind_v and_o the_o n._n e._n side_n of_o breesand_n the_o east_n side_n be_v distant_a from_o harling_n half_a a_o mile_n hendrick-traerts_a plat._n hendrick-traerts_a plat_v be_v a_o shoal_n which_o lie_v off_o from_o the_o island_n grind_v have_v a_o buoy_z at_o the_o south_n point_v of_o it_o be_v distant_a not_o above_o two_o cable_n length_n from_o langer-sand_n the_o east_n point_v hereof_o run_v from_o the_o island_n about_o 2_o mile_n be_v distant_a from_o harling_n n._n e._n by_o north_n a_o mile_n and_o half_a schorre-ground_n schorre-ground_n lyoth_v without_o between_o the_o schelling_n and_o fly-land_n and_o fall_v dry_a at_o low-water_n on_o either_o side_n of_o it_o you_o have_v 30_o 40_o and_o 60_o fathom_n within_o it_o on_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o fly-land_n lie_v another_o dry_a plat_v which_o extend_v itself_o from_o the_o shore_n about_o two_o mile_n between_o this_o and_o the_o foresay_a plat_v westerbâ—ems-gat_a westerbâ—ems-gat_a go_v the_o westerbooms-gat_a to_o the_o southward_a of_o those_o be_v two_o other_o plait_n but_o there_o be_v buoys_n and_o mark_n to_o direct_v you_o clear_a of_o they_o all_o the_o abdt._n the_o abdt_n be_v a_o sand_n which_o lie_v within_o the_o schelling_n there_o be_v a_o channel_n but_o not_o navigable_a it_o be_v two_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o land_n and_o about_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o grind._n camper-sand_n camper-sand_n lie_v between_o the_o schelling_n and_o ameland_n distant_a from_o friesland_n about_o a_o mile_n which_o fall_v almost_o all_o dry_a at_o low-water_n between_o it_o and_o the_o horse_n go_v a_o channel_n call_v cromme_v bornriff_a bornriff_a be_v a_o sand_n which_o lie_v without_o camper-sand_n between_o which_o go_v the_o channel_n call_v amelandgat_a amelandgat_a amelandgat_a where_o there_o be_v buoys_n to_o carry_v you_o through_o the_o watt._n the_o watt_n be_v a_o sand_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o rottum_n wester-emes_a wester-emes_a on_o the_o east_n side_n thereof_o go_v up_o the_o weser-emes_a in_o which_o channel_n there_o lie_v a_o little_a sand_n call_v hubers-plaet_a at_o the_o tail_n whereof_o lie_v a_o buoy_z on_o the_o south_n side_n stand_v four_o beacon_n from_o the_o westermost_a beacon_n you_o may_v direct_v your_o course_n west_n and_o sail_v into_o the_o channel_n which_o go_v up_o to_o eastmerhorn_n ruyt-sand_n from_o the_o go_n in_o of_o the_o wester-emes_a all_o alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o grâ—eninger-land_n there_o lie_v a_o flat_a a_o great_a league_n from_o the_o shore_n on_o the_o east_n side_n viz._n in_o the_o wester-emes_a there_o lie_v many_o buoys_n and_o beacon_n against_o the_o second_o buoy_z above_z hubers-plant_a lie_v the_o point_n of_o a_o sand_n where_o a_o swatch_n go_v in_o on_o each_o side_n which_o sand_n be_v call_v ruyt-sand_n on_o who_o point_n stand_v a_o beacon_n ransel_n ransel_n be_v a_o shoal_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o borcom_n and_o run_v s._n e._n five_o mile_n on_o the_o s._n e._n end_n of_o it_o stand_v four_o beacon_n the_o western_a and_o eastern-emes_a go_v upon_o each_o side_n of_o it_o at_o the_o point_n of_o borcom_n lie_v two_o small_a sand_n the_o one_o call_v brewers-plaet_a whereon_o stand_v a_o buoy_z the_o other_o the_o back_n of_o hogebeern_n whereon_o stand_v a_o beacon_n near_o the_o s._n e._n end_n on_o the_o say_a side_n lie_v another_o small_a sand_n call_v cornix-plaet_a where_o there_o be_v a_o buoy_z to_o direct_v you_o clear_a of_o it_o on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o say_a island_n of_o borcom_n run_v off_o a_o shoal_n west_n three_o league_n and_o a_o half_a borcom-riff_a and_o the_o outmost_a end_n whereof_o you_o have_v four_o and_o five_o fathom_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o point_n hereof_o lie_v a_o little_a sand_n call_v geltsack_v between_o which_o at_o your_o first_o entrance_n you_o will_v have_v five_o fathom_n and_o at_o the_o go_n in_o of_o the_o wester-emes_a eight_o fathom_n scuyt-sand_n scuyt-sand_n be_v a_o shoal_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o emderland_n from_o greitzyl_n unto_o betroen_n on_o the_o north_n side_n hereof_o stand_v four_o beacon_n leysand_n leysand_n begin_v at_o groetzyl_n and_o run_v alongst_o the_o say_a coast_n of_o emderland_n until_o you_o come_v to_o westerbreeck_n on_o the_o eastermost_a beacon_n which_o stand_v on_o scuyt-sand_n there_o run_v in_o a_o small_a channel_n which_o run_v down_o to_o norden_n on_o the_o north_n side_n thereof_o at_o the_o entrance_n stand_v also_o four_o beacon_n to_o direct_v you_o through_o bandt_n bandt_n be_v a_o flat_a which_o join_v to_o juy_v and_o run_v as_o far_o as_o the_o little_a island_n bursen_z and_o run_v along_o by_o the_o easter-emes_a south_n two_o league_n on_o which_o side_n there_o be_v many_o swatche_n at_o the_o south-west_n corner_n of_o it_o there_o be_v a_o small_a island_n whereon_o stand_v two_o beacon_n to_o direct_v you_o through_o from_o the_o easter_n to_o the_o wester-emes_a on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o this_o sand_n stand_v also_o four_o beacon_n to_o direct_v you_o through_o a_o channel_n which_o go_v between_o lâ—ysand_n and_o it_o from_o the_o northwest_n side_n of_o the_o island_n juyst_n run_v off_o a_o riff_o call_v juyster-riff_a three_o league_n west_n into_o the_o sea_n juyster-riff_a juyster-riff_a whereon_o you_o have_v three_o fathom_n at_o the_o end_n hereof_o be_v the_o entrance_n in_o of_o the_o eme_v watt._n the_o watt_n be_v a_o shoal_n which_o begin_v at_o the_o for_fw-mi and_o end_v at_o westerbreeck_n join_v every_o where_n to_o the_o shore_n wherein_o be_v many_o swatche_n without_o which_o there_o be_v shoal_n belong_v to_o every_o island_n viz._n norderny_n baltrum_n langerâ—â—gh_n spikerâ—â—gh_o and_o wrangerâ—ogh_n where_o be_v channel_n go_v in_o between_o every_o one_o of_o they_o and_o also_o a_o channel_n between_o the_o watt_n and_o they_o on_o the_o inside_n of_o wrangeroog_n on_o the_o side_n of_o its_o shoal_n stand_v eight_o beacon_n call_v the_o beacon_n of_o wadt_n and_o also_o on_o the_o northwest_n side_n lie_v two_o buoys_n likewise_o on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o say_v watt_n stand_v six_o beacon_n to_o direct_v you_o up_o stonebalg_n the_o old-doge_n the_o old-ooge_a be_v a_o sand_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o watt_n distant_a a_o mile_n and_o half_a by_o the_o north_n point_v hereof_o run_v up_o the_o channel_n call_v the_o weser_n rode-sand_n rode-sand_n lie_v north-east_n from_o wrangeroog_n almost_o two_o league_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o sea_n northwest_o by_o west_n and_o southeast_n by_o east_n in_o length_n four_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a on_o
about_o seven_o eight_o or_o nine_o fathom_n according_a as_o the_o tide_n be_v this_o sand_n be_v steep_a also_o so_o that_o if_o the_o wind_n be_v northerly_a that_o you_o be_v force_v to_o run_v down_o stand_v not_o over_o to_o that_o sand_n until_o your_o water_n shoal_n for_o you_o shall_v have_v eight_o or_o nine_o fathom_n and_o the_o next_o cast_v aground_o but_o you_o may_v stand_v over_o to_o the_o westward_a middleground_n into_o five_o or_o six_o fathom_n east-barrow-head_n east-barrow-head_n the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o eastermost_a middleground_n do_v tail_n or_o join_v to_o the_o east-barrow-head_n and_o there_o it_o be_v flat_a with_o a_o tail_n a_o good_a length_n over_o to_o the_o northwards_o the_o north-east_n flat_a lie_v near_o northwest_o from_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o buxey_n and_o then_o the_o tree_n on_o the_o north_n side_n do_v bear_v north-weft_n from_o you_o when_o you_o be_v thwart_v of_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o spit_n and_o buxey_n buâ—y_n spit_v buâ—y_n you_o may_v steer_v out_o north-east_n by_o east_n down_o the_o king_n channel_n or_o if_o the_o wind_n will_v give_v you_o leave_v to_o borrow_v upon_o the_o gunfleet_n in_o seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n water_n than_o that_o depth_n will_v lead_v you_o down_o to_o the_o buoy_z at_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o gunfleet_n also_o by_o this_o mean_v you_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o keep_v clear_a of_o the_o middleground_n that_o lie_v between_o the_o gunfleet_n and_o the_o eastward_a sand_n which_o be_v call_v the_o heap_n which_o at_o low-water_n have_v but_o ten_o foot_n in_o some_o place_n this_o middleground_n reach_v a_o great_a length_n when_o you_o be_v at_o the_o south_n end_n of_o it_o the_o naze-land_n will_v bear_v north_n from_o you_o and_o orfordness_n n._n n._n e._n when_o you_o be_v at_o the_o north-east_n end_n of_o this_o sand_n than_o you_o will_v be_v thwart_a of_o the_o buoy_z on_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o gunfleet_n and_o harwich_n church_n will_v be_v open_a and_o shut_v of_o harwich_n cliff_n from_o whence_o if_o you_o be_v bind_v for_o the_o north-foreland_a you_o may_v steer_v e._n n._n e._n and_o east_n by_o north_n till_o you_o bring_v the_o naze-land_n to_o bear_v w._n n._n w._n from_o you_o and_o then_o you_o may_v be_v sure_a you_o be_v northward_o of_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o sonk_z but_o if_o the_o wind_n be_v southerly_a borrow_v close_o aboard_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o sonk_z other_o direction_n for_o the_o swim_v and_o so_o through_o the_o kings-channel_n towards_o the_o down_n when_o you_o come_v down_o as_o low_a as_o the_o whitaker_n then_o take_v heed_n and_o keep_v the_o shoal_v thereof_o until_o you_o be_v two_o mile_n below_o it_o than_o you_o come_v to_o the_o shoal_v of_o the_o middleground_n middleground_n middleground_n which_o be_v steep_a too_o for_o if_o you_o do_v turn_v down_o you_o must_v about_o when_o you_o come_v to_o ten_o fathom_v water_n because_o it_o be_v narrow_a and_o so_o the_o shoal_v of_o the_o middleground_n do_v continue_v till_o you_o come_v down_o as_o low_a as_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o spit_n spit_n buoy_z of_o the_o spit_n the_o channel_n begin_v to_o be_v broad_a and_o if_o the_o wind_n be_v so_o that_o you_o must_v turn_v be_v sure_a to_o keep_v hold_n of_o the_o gunfleet_n gun-fleet_n gun-fleet_n but_o if_o the_o wind_n be_v fair_a that_o you_o may_v lead_v it_o run_v down_o in_o the_o shoal_v of_o the_o gunfleet_n till_o you_o bring_v the_o naze_n n.n.w._n and_o then_o go_v thence_o north-east_n by_o east_n also_o that_o it_o will_v lead_v you_o clear_a of_o the_o sonk_z and_o go_v still_o that_o course_n till_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o naze-land_n w._n n._n w._n or_o west_n by_o north._n the_o sonk_z do_v lie_v from_o the_o naze_n north-east_n and_o south-west_n so_o that_o if_o you_o bring_v the_o naze-land_n to_o lie_v west_n by_o north_n you_o may_v be_v bold_a to_o go_v a_o more_o easterly_a course_n until_o you_o come_v to_o sixteen_o or_o eighteen_o fathom_n for_o fourteen_o or_o fifteen_o fathom_n will_v go_v hard_a by_o the_o kentish-knock_a kentish-knock_a kentish-knock_a note_v also_o that_o you_o may_v see_v the_o tree_n over_o the_o naze_n when_o you_o can_v see_v the_o naze_n the_o kentish-knock_a do_v lie_v from_o the_o long-sand-head_n long-sand-head_n long-sand-head_n three_o or_o four_o mile_n e.s.e._n and_o when_o you_o have_v the_o aforesaid_a sixteen_o fathom_n than_o you_o may_v judge_v the_o naze-land_n to_o be_v w._n n._n w._n or_o west_n by_o north_n then_o go_v thence_o s.s.w._n upon_o a_o ebb_n and_o upon_o a_o flood_n south_n or_o s.s.e._n as_o the_o wind_n be_v or_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o tide_n so_o must_v you_o work_v and_o that_o will_v carry_v you_o clear_a with_o the_o north-foreland_n and_o if_o you_o go_v about_o the_o north-sand-head_n or_o about_o all_o or_o the_o goodwin_n than_o you_o must_v keep_v more_o easterly_a north-sand-head_n north-sand-head_n and_o note_v that_o the_o north-sand-head_n and_o the_o long_a sand-head_n lie_v south_n and_o north_n and_o the_o kentish-knock_a lie_v from_o the_o north-foreland_a north_n by_o east_n and_o south_n by_o west_n there_o be_v nothing_o between_o marget-sand_n and_o the_o north-foreland_a and_o therefore_o you_o need_v not_o fear_v and_o as_o i_o say_v before_o to_o go_v about_o the_o goodwin_n run_v off_o till_o you_o come_v to_o 26_o or_o 30_o fathom_n for_o 18_o or_o 20_o fathom_n go_v near_o the_o sand_n and_o so_o run_v in_o this_o depth_n until_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o land_n of_o dover_n open_a of_o the_o south_n foreland_n than_o you_o may_v be_v bold_a to_o hale_v in_o with_o the_o foreland_n there_o be_v nothing_o between_o the_o goodwin_n and_o marget-sand_n or_o north-foreland_a to_o fear_v to_o sail_v unto_o cowen_n and_o malden-water_n when_o you_o be_v at_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o spit_n spit_v spit_v your_o course_n be_v w.n.w._n in_o four_o or_o five_o fathom_n as_o the_o wind_n serve_v for_o the_o ebb_n set_v upon_o a_o shoal_n that_o lie_v to_o the_o eastward_o call_v the_o eagle_n eagle_n eagle_n and_o the_o tide_n of_o flood_n set_v on_o a_o shoal_n call_v the_o knowl_n knowl_n knowl_n and_o be_v to_o the_o westward_a of_o your_o go_v in_o and_o you_o may_v run_v down_o to_o the_o southward_a borrow_v in_o five_o fathom_n upon_o the_o main_a until_o you_o bring_v banbury-land_n which_o be_v the_o high_a land_n that_o lie_v above_o malden_n a_o sail_n breadth_n open_a with_o bradwell-point_n which_o mark_n will_v bring_v you_o between_o the_o eagle_n and_o the_o knoul_n and_o run_v with_o these_o mark_n until_o you_o bring_v a_o steeple_n that_o stand_v on_o the_o north_n shore_n open_a of_o the_o red_a cliff_n end_n and_o so_o run_v with_o these_o mark_n open_a and_o shut_v north_n up_o marzey-block-house_n marzey-block-house_n until_o you_o come_v to_o marzey_n black-house_n and_o there_o you_o may_v come_v to_o a_o anchor_n in_o six_o or_o seven_o fathom_n water_n direction_n to_o sail_n into_o harwich_n come_v from_o the_o southwards_o if_o you_o come_v from_o the_o southward_a keep_v harwich-steeple_n open_v a_o good_a birth_n off_o the_o cliff_n end_n and_o on_o the_o north_n end_n keep_v farberry_n cliff_n open_a of_o the_o beach_n on_o the_o east_n fide_fw-la and_o so_o you_o may_v go_v in_o bear_v close_o by_o the_o beach_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o altar_n altar_n altar_n which_o lie_v within_o a_o cable_n length_n of_o the_o beach_n and_o so_o you_o may_v go_v along_o clear_a keep_v by_o the_o beach_n till_o you_o come_v to_o the_o werebere-head_n and_o then_o you_o may_v steer_v up_o with_o ipswich-water_n and_o anchor_n with_o harwich_n s._n s._n w._n in_o five_o or_o six_o fathom_n water_n and_o the_o high_o up_o the_o better_a ground_n till_o you_o bring_v the_o town_n south_n of_o you_o other_o direction_n for_o harwich_n come_v from_o the_o northwards_o when_o you_o come_v from_o the_o northward_a and_o be_v shoot_v past_o the_o whiting_n as_o far_o as_o bawdsey-cliff_n keep_v orford_n church_n and_o castle_n open_a of_o the_o cliff_n and_o that_o will_v carry_v you_o clear_a of_o the_o andrews_n and_o then_o when_o you_o see_v the_o light-house_n bring_v they_o one_o into_o another_o and_o get_v into_o four_o or_o five_o fathom-water_n or_o somewhat_o more_o towards_o high-water_n then_o run_v in_o about_o by_o the_o point_n the_o channel_n lie_v in_o due_a north_n but_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o havens_n lie_v a_o sink_a rock_n call_v the_o altar_n which_o you_o must_v avoid_v by_o sail_v on_o either_o side_n by_o one_o shore_n or_o the_o other_o but_o along_o by_o the_o east_n shore_n be_v best_a be_v within_o it_o you_o can_v sail_v amiss_o or_o take_v hurt_v except_o you_o run_v against_o the_o shore_n there_o you_o may_v anchor_v all_o over_o where_o
and_o harwich_n and_o orfordness_n a_o s.s.e._n moon_n make_v high-water_n without_o the_o bank_n of_o yarmouth_n and_o before_o cromer_n a_o southeast_n moon_n make_v high-water_n between_o the_o bank_n of_o harwich_n and_o the_o holms_n of_o yarmouth_n it_o flow_v south_n and_o ebb_n north._n thwart_v of_o the_o bank_n of_o winterton_n and_o cromer_n it_o flow_v s.s.e._n and_o ebb_v n.n.w._n of_o the_o tide_n and_o set_v of_o the_o current_n from_o the_o north-foreland_n the_o flood_n run_v to_o the_o reculver_n and_o over_o the_o brake_n w.s.w._n and_o west_n by_o south_n without_o about_o the_o goodwin_n towards_o the_o kentish-knock_a the_o flood_n fall_v north_n by_o west_n and_o n.n.w._n there_o come_v also_o a_o flood_n from_o the_o northwards_o and_o meet_v one_o another_o by_o the_o galloper_n with_o a_o very_a great_a ripling_n and_o noise_n from_o which_o this_o bank_n be_v call_v the_o galloper_n and_o set_v to_o the_o westward_n into_o the_o sand_n and_o channel_n and_o also_o to_o the_o eastward_o towards_o flanders_n between_o the_o north-foreland_n and_o oxfordness_n the_o stream_n set_v s.s.e._n when_o you_o be_v to_o the_o northward_a of_o the_o galloper_n and_o can_v reckon_v no_o other_o ebb_n than_o that_o which_o run_v along_o england_n to_o the_o northwards_o the_o stream_n fall_v there_o all_o alongst_o the_o coast_n to_o the_o southward_n of_o the_o galloper_n the_o ebb_n set_v to_o the_o southward_n and_o the_o flood_n to_o the_o northward_o course_n and_o distance_n of_o place_n from_o the_o north-foreland_n to_o cocquet-island_n from_o the_o north-foreland_n to_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o goodwin_n the_o course_n be_v east_n by_o south_n a_o league_n and_o half_a from_o the_o north-foreland_n to_o the_o kentish_a knock_n north_n by_o east_n and_o n.n.e._n 4_o or_o 5_o league_n from_o thence_o to_o orfordness_n north_n 12_o league_n from_o the_o foreland_n to_o the_o galloper_n n._n e._n by_o north_n 9_o league_n from_o the_o galloper_n to_o orfordness_n n.n.w._n 10_o league_n from_o alborough_n to_o covehith_n north_n by_o east_n 5_o league_n from_o covehith_n to_o leystaff_n north_n 2_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o leystaff_n to_o yarmouth_n south_n 3_o league_n from_o winterton_n to_o haseborough_n 2_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o yarmouth_n to_o winterton_n n.n.w._n 2_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o cromer_n to_o blakney_n n.n.w._n 3_o or_o 4_o league_n from_o blakney_n to_o bornham_n to_o sail_v through_o within_o the_o sand_n west_n 6_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o bornham_n to_o chappel-land_n w.s.w._n 2_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o chappel-land_n to_o boston-knock_a or_o the_o north_n point_v of_o boston-deep_a n.w._n by_o north_n 5_o league_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o spurn_n north_n and_o north_n by_o west_n 6_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o spurn_n to_o flamborough-head_n n._n n._n w._n 9_o league_n thwart_v course_n over_o sea_n from_o the_o north-foreland_n to_o flushing_n east_n somewhat_o northerly_a about_o 26_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o foreland_n to_o the_o maze_n e.n.e._n or_o somewhat_o easterly_a 33_o league_n from_o the_o foreland_n to_o the_o texel_n or_o the_o mase-deep_a n.e._n 45_o league_n from_o the_o naze_n or_o harwich_n to_o the_o maze_n east_n 29_o league_n from_o orfordness_n to_o the_o texel_n e.n.e._n 37_o league_n from_o yarmouth_n or_o leystaff_n to_o walcheren_n or_o the_o weiling_n s._n e._n and_o s._n e._n by_o south_n 39_o league_n from_o the_o point_n of_o cromer_n or_o shield_n to_o the_o texel_n east_n 41_o league_n from_o the_o spurn_n to_o the_o texel_n east_n by_o south_n and_o e.s.e._n 59_o league_n from_o tinmouth_n to_o scutness_n n._n e._n 103_o league_n from_o tinmouth_n to_o the_o naze_n in_o norway_n n._n e._n by_o east_n somewhat_o easterly_a 102_o league_n from_o tinmouth_n to_o the_o scaw_n e.n.e._n 135_o league_n from_o tinmouth_n to_o holy-island_n east_n by_o south_n somewhat_o easterly_a 106_o league_n a_o table_n show_v what_o moon_n make_v full_a sea_n and_o set_v of_o the_o tide_n upon_o the_o north-coast_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n the_o name_n of_o the_o coast_n and_o headland_n what_o moon_n make_v full_a sea_n how_o the_o tide_n set_v by_o the_o land_n how_o the_o tide_n set_v seven_o league_n off_o the_o land_n how_o the_o tide_n set_v nine_o league_n off_o the_o land_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n at_o the_o kentish-knock_a long-sand-head_n south-south-east_n and_o south_n by_o east_n south-south-east_n south_n by_o east_n south_n by_o west_n at_o harwich_n orfordness_n and_o haven_n s.e._n by_o s._n &_o s.s.e._n s.e._n by_o south_n north_n and_o south_n s._n s._n w._n yarmouth-road_n and_o haven_n s._n e._n by_o south_n and_o s._n s._n e._n s._n s._n e._n north_n and_o south_n south_n by_o west_n winterton_n cromer_n and_o blakney_n e._n s._n e._n east_n by_o south_n s._n e._n by_o east_n e._n s._n e._n south_n by_o east_n e._n s._n e._n s.s.e._n and_o s._n by_o e._n southeast_n humber-mouth_n lin_n and_o boston-deeps_a east_n and_o west_n east_n by_o south_n e._n s._n e._n s._n w._n and_o n.e._n flamborough-head_n and_o bridlington_n w._n s._n w._n east_n and_o west_n west_n by_o north._n s._n e._n by_o south_n direction_n for_o pilote_v a_o ship_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o hope_n over_o the_o flat_n to_o the_o down_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o westward_a alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n as_o far_o as_o silly_a show_v the_o mark_n for_o go_v into_o the_o most_o eminent_a harbour_n with_o a_o perfect_a tyde-table_n show_v what_o time_n it_o be_v full_a sea_n in_o all_o these_o port_n and_o how_o long_o and_o upon_o what_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n the_o tide_n run_v in_o the_o channel_n direction_n for_o sail_v from_o tilbury-hope_a down_o to_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o nower_n when_o you_o break_v ground_n from_o tilbury-hope_a if_o the_o wind_n be_v southerly_a keep_v the_o south_n shore_n close_o aboard_o but_o be_v careful_a of_o blith-sand_n which_o lie_v close_o to_o the_o kentish-shore_n and_o according_o observe_v these_o mark_n to_o carry_v you_o clear_a of_o it_o hopeness_n hopeness_n if_o in_o the_o day_n time_n keep_v the_o steeple_n of_o tilbury-church_n a_o great_a sail_n breadth_n without_o hopeness_n alias_o sands-head-point_n if_o in_o the_o night_n or_o hazy-weather_n keep_v your_o lead_n and_o come_v not_o within_o five_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n and_o seven_o at_o high-water_n and_o that_o depth_n will_v carry_v you_o clear_a without_o blith-sand_n blith-sand_n blith-sand_n and_o will_v lead_v you_o down_o to_o the_o nower-head_n but_o if_o the_o wind_n be_v northerly_a than_o you_o must_v keep_v the_o north_n shore_n which_o be_v steep_a too_o until_o you_o come_v as_o low_o as_o hole-haven_n and_o so_o keep_v the_o sounding_n aforesaid_a you_o may_v run_v down_o to_o the_o nower_n where_o you_o may_v come_v to_o a_o anchor_n at_o the_o east_n end_v thereof_o mark_n mark_n the_o mark_n for_o to_o keep_v you_o clear_a of_o the_o sand_n be_v to_o bring_v prickelwel-steeple_n a_o sail_n breadth_n to_o the_o eastward_n of_o the_o wood_n that_o be_v on_o the_o north_n shore_n by_o the_o waterside_n and_o there_o you_o may_v come_v to_o a_o anchor_n to_o sail_v from_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o nower_n to_o sheerness_n up_o the_o west-swale_a first_o you_o must_v steer_v south-west_n by_o west_n than_o w.s.w._n till_o you_o bring_v open_v a_o low_a point_n upon_o the_o isle_n of_o graen_n call_v black-stake_n whereon_o stand_v two_o little_a house_n keep_v this_o point_n and_o sheer-ness_a one_o in_o another_o and_o you_o will_v sail_v in_o the_o best_a of_o the_o channel_n till_o you_o come_v to_o the_o ness_n where_o you_o will_v find_v ten_o fathom_n close_o to_o it_o cant._n cant._n you_o may_v borrow_v upon_o the_o cant_n in_o four_o or_o five_o fathom_n until_o you_o come_v within_o half_a a_o mile_n to_o the_o eastward_a of_o the_o fort_n upon_o sheerness_n sheerness_n sheerness_n from_o whence_o run_v off_o a_o shoal_n about_o a_o cable_n length_n of_o which_o care_n must_v be_v take_v of_o not_o come_v too_o near_o the_o shore_n be_v within_o the_o ness_n you_o may_v come_v to_o a_o anchor_n where_o you_o please_v only_o the_o east_n side_n be_v all_o flar_n have_v but_o 1_o 2_o 3_o and_z 4_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o nower-sand_n be_v steep_a too_o nower_n nower_n in_o nine_o and_o ten_o fathom_n close_o to_o the_o sand_n and_o also_o near_o to_o the_o ness_n be_v steep_a too_o in_o 10_o 11_o and_z 12_o fathom_n for_o to_o sail_v into_o quinborough_n if_o you_o be_v come_v down_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n and_o bind_v for_o quinborough_n or_o the_o river_n of_o medway_n and_o be_v come_v to_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o nower-sand_n run_v down_o to_o the_o
the_o buoy_z of_o the_o searn_v be_v a_o good_a road_n for_o ship_n to_o ride_v in_o call_v the_o gore_n gore_n gore_n which_o be_v useful_a for_o ship_n when_o they_o have_v not_o wind_n and_o weather_n to_o carry_v they_o over_o the_o flat_n the_o mark_n for_o the_o best_a ride_v anchorage_n mark_n for_o good_a anchorage_n be_v to_o bring_v a_o mill_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o wood_n near_o the_o sea_n side_n and_o st._n peter_n church_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o westgate-bay_n together_o there_o be_v also_o a_o shoal_n call_v the_o middleground_n at_o the_o cliff_n end_n middleground_n middleground_n which_o lie_v a_o little_a below_o the_o hook_n near_o the_o shore_n on_o the_o south_n side_n on_o which_o there_o be_v but_o fourteen_o foot_n at_o low-water_n and_o on_o each_o side_n four_o fathom_n be_v a_o small_a narrow_a ridge_n and_o lie_v e._n n._n e._n and_o w._n s._n w._n in_o longth_v three_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n the_o mark_n to_o keep_v you_o clear_a be_v to_o bring_v st._n peter_n church_n over_o the_o east_n side_n of_o westgate-bay_n or_o to_o bring_v the_o nethermost_a tree_n on_o the_o next_o high_a land_n to_o the_o westward_a of_o the_o reculver_n a_o little_a open_a to_o the_o southward_a this_o be_v also_o a_o good_a mark_n for_o the_o hook_n downward_o or_o from_o margaret_n sand_n upward_o margaret_n sand_n lie_v before_o margot_n and_o westgate-bay_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o channel_n the_o east_n end_n of_o this_o sand_n bear_v from_o margot_n church_n north_n half_a westerly_a the_o mark_n to_o go_v clear_a of_o the_o east_n end_n be_v to_o bring_v margot_n steeple_n and_o the_o windmill_n in_o one_o the_o depth_n you_o have_v along_o the_o sand_n as_o you_o turn_v up_o and_o down_o be_v at_o the_o east_n end_n and_o so_o upward_o 9_o 8_o 7_o 6_o 5_o fathom_n the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o sand_n dry_v at_o low-water_n if_o you_o be_v to_o turn_v up_o in_o the_o night_n between_o the_o main_a and_o marget-sand_n you_o shall_v find_v by_o keep_v of_o your_o lead_n two_o middle-ground_n middle-ground_n middle-ground_n upon_o the_o innermost_a middleground_n you_o shall_v have_v five_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a and_o to_o the_o southwards_o of_o it_o you_o shall_v have_v 6_o 7_o or_o 8_o fathom_n as_o the_o tide_n be_v high_a without_o the_o inner_a middleground_n you_o shall_v have_v 8_o 9_o or_o 10_o fathom_n and_o then_o you_o shall_v have_v seven_o or_o eight_o as_o the_o tide_n be_v and_o without_o that_o nine_o or_o ten_o fathom_n and_o when_o it_o come_v to_o shoal_n again_o you_o may_v be_v sure_a it_o be_v on_o the_o sand_n and_o likewise_o the_o shoal_v on_o the_o main_a within_o the_o inner_a middle-ground_n these_o middle-ground_n do_v reach_v up_o to_o the_o gore_n and_o the_o far_o you_o come_v to_o the_o westward_n the_o shoaler_n for_o they_o tail_n unto_o the_o searn_v and_o the_o dry-sand_n without_o it_o which_o be_v call_v by_o some_o man_n the_o girdler_n the_o mark_n to_o ride_v in_o margot_n road._n the_o mark_n to_o ride_v in_o marget-road_n be_v to_o bring_v the_o mill_n and_o steeple_n together_o as_o far_o off_o the_o shoar_n as_o you_o please_v to_o anchor_n the_o great_a part_n of_o marget-sand_n dry_v at_o low-water_n from_o marget-town_n up_o to_o the_o cliff_n end_n above_o birchington_n spit_v off_o several_a shoal_n place_n that_o must_v be_v take_v care_n of_o in_o turn_v up_o and_o down_o especial_o at_o high-water_n near_o margot_n stand_v no_o near_o the_o shoar_n than_o six_o fathom_n and_o from_o westgate-bay_n upward_o in_o five_o fathom_n the_o mark_n to_o go_v clear_a of_o all_o the_o spit_v below_o marget-town_n that_o run_v off_o the_o shoar_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o foreland_n be_v to_o keep_v the_o top_n of_o marget-steeple_n open_a above_o the_o land_n and_o fairness_n and_o whiteness_n on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o foreland_n the_o gore_n the_o gore_n be_v a_o road_n where_o ship_n use_v to_o ride_v when_o they_o have_v not_o wind_n and_o weather_n to_o sail_v over_o the_o flat_n ride_v mark_n of_o the_o best_a ride_v this_o road_n be_v to_o the_o westward_a of_o the_o hook_n of_o marget-sand_n and_o to_o the_o eastward_n of_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o searn_v the_o mark_n for_o it_o be_v to_o bring_v the_o mill_n on_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o wood_n near_o the_o seaside_n and_o st._n peterschurch_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o westgate-bay_n westgate-bay_n westgate-bay_n be_v a_o road_n where_o ship_n do_v use_v to_o ride_v a_o chart_n of_o the_o narrow_a sea_n new_o correct_v by_o john_n seller_n hydrographer_n to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n by_o reason_n there_o be_v more_o water_n and_o more_o drift_n and_o better_a ground_n for_o anchorhold_a then_o be_v in_o the_o gore_n the_o mark_n for_o it_o be_v to_o bring_v a_o windmill_n on_o a_o old_a house_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bay_n in_o seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n water_n a_o description_n of_o the_o channel_n black-deeps_a the_o black-deeps_a be_v a_o channel_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o north-west_n side_n of_o the_o pan-sand_n knock-john_n pan-sand_n girdler_n longsand_n knock-john_n girdler_n and_o the_o longsand_n and_o run_v between_o they_o and_o the_o shivering-sand_n knock-john_n and_o the_o sink_v the_o westermost_a part_n of_o this_o channel_n be_v but_o a_o mile_n in_o breadth_n viz._n betwixt_o the_o shivering-sand_n and_o the_o pan-sand_n shivering-sand_n shivering-sand_n and_o all_o along_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o shivering-sand_n you_o will_v have_v about_o ten_o fathom_n and_o on_o the_o outward_a side_n towards_o the_o girdler_n several_a various_a depth_n but_o none_o less_o than_o seven_o fathom_n and_o all_o down_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n you_o will_v have_v about_o fourteen_o and_o fifteen_o fathom_n unless_o it_o be_v towards_o the_o sink_v where_o you_o will_v have_v ten_o fathom_n the_o northermost_a mouth_n of_o this_o channel_n be_v near_o five_o mile_n betwixt_o the_o end_n of_o the_o sink_v and_o the_o long-sand-head_n barrow-deeps_a the_o barrow-deeps_a be_v a_o channel_n that_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o shivering-sand_n knock-john_n and_o the_o east_n and_o west-barrow_n the_o north-east_n entrance_n into_o this_o channel_n be_v about_o four_o mile_n broad_a and_o at_o the_o south-west_n entrance_n between_o the_o mouse_n and_o the_o shivering-sand_n it_o be_v about_o three_o mile_n in_o this_o channel_n there_o be_v various_a depth_n of_o water_n as_o seven_o eight_o and_o nine_o fathom_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o channel_n it_o be_v not_o above_o two_o mile_n broad_a the_o narrow_a the_o narrow_a be_v that_o channel_n that_o run_v between_o marget-sand_n and_o the_o main_n reach_v from_o the_o north-foreland_a through_o the_o buoys_n of_o the_o woolpack_n and_o the_o spell_n spell_n woolpack_n and_o spell_n in_o which_o channel_n you_o will_v general_o have_v five_o fathom_n in_o the_o midst_n at_o low-water_n the_o swim_v the_o swim_v be_v a_o channel_n that_o lead_v from_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o middleground_n up_o to_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o nower_n have_v general_o nine_o or_o ten_o fathom_n water_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n the_o kings-channel_n the_o kings-channel_n be_v a_o broad_a channel_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o northward_a and_o so_o pass_v upon_o the_o southeast_n side_n of_o the_o gunfleet_n and_o the_o northwest_o side_n of_o the_o heap_n and_o middleground_n until_o it_o come_v into_o the_o swim_v the_o wallet_n the_o wallet_n be_v a_o channel_n that_o lie_v between_o the_o northwest_n side_n of_o the_o gunfleet_n and_o the_o main_n enter_v between_o the_o westrock_n and_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o gunfleet_n and_o come_v out_o again_o at_o the_o spit_v the_o spit_v the_o spit_v be_v a_o channel_n that_o pass_v between_o the_o northwest_n end_n of_o the_o gunfleet_n and_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o buxey_n where_o at_o low-water_n be_v no_o more_o than_o six_o or_o eight_o foot_n and_o be_v but_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n broad_a the_o mark_n to_o come_v in_o or_o out_o of_o the_o wallet_n be_v to_o bring_v the_o steeple_n of_o great-holland_n which_o be_v a_o flat_a steeple_n into_o a_o small_a swamp_n in_o a_o red_a cliff_n and_o then_o the_o church_n will_v bear_v north_n half_a easterly_a and_o in_o go_v in_o you_o may_v steer_v north-east_n by_o north_n till_o your_o water_n deepen_v and_o then_o bear_v towards_o the_o naze_n and_o the_o near_a you_o be_v to_o the_o gunfleet_n the_o deep_a water_n direction_n to_o sail_n from_o margaret-road_n to_o the_o north-foreland_n and_o the_o mark_n for_o both_o channel_n in_o the_o down_n from_o margot_n steer_v down_o alongst_o the_o shore_n east_n and_o east_n by_o north_n as_o the_o wind_n be_v but_o come_v no_o near_o the_o shore_n than_o in_o seven_o or_o
ship_n length_n to_o the_o northwards_o of_o broad-stair_n peer-head_n or_o borrow_v upon_o the_o sand_n by_o the_o lead_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o so_o take_v the_o first_o of_o the_o say_a tide_n without_o the_o sand_n you_o may_v stand_v to_o the_o south-eastwards_a until_o you_o bring_v the_o south-foreland_n west_n by_o south_n from_o you_o south-sand-head_n south-sand-head_n than_o cast_v about_o and_o you_o shall_v weather_n the_o south-sand-head_n and_o be_v in_o the_o downs-road_n before_o any_o other_o ship_n that_o part_v with_o you_o at_o the_o foreland_n to_o turn_v through_o the_o gull_n gull_n to_o turn_v through_o the_o gull_n the_o mark_n for_o the_o south-sand-head_n viz._n the_o long_a mark_n to_o go_v without_o the_o goodwin-sand_n come_v from_o the_o southwestward_n be_v foulstone-steeple_n open_a of_o dover-land_n or_o the_o high_a cliff_n of_o dover_n open_a of_o the_o foreland_n these_o be_v shut_v in_o you_o run_v right_a upon_o it_o the_o direct_v thwart_o mark_n of_o the_o south-sand-head_n be_v ring-joul_a church_n mark_n thwart_v mark_n right_a over_o the_o valley_n or_o village_n of_o kings-down_a and_o then_o the_o wood_n end_n to_o the_o northward_a of_o the_o church_n will_v be_v right_a over_o the_o white_a mark_n of_o the_o gull_n run_v over_o in_o this_o mark_n you_o shall_v have_v three_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n but_o if_o you_o keep_v so_o far_o to_o the_o southward_a as_o to_o bring_v the_o wood_n end_v aforesaid_a right_n over_o the_o valley_n of_o kings-down_a you_o shall_v have_v five_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n and_o when_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o round_a grove_n of_o tree_n on_o the_o north-foreland_n right_v over_o against_o the_o valley_n of_o ramsgate_n than_o you_o may_v be_v sure_a you_o be_v within_o the_o sand_n or_o if_o you_o be_v turn_v out_o you_o can_v keep_v deal-church_n to_o the_o southwards_o of_o sand-down_a castle_n you_o may_v likewise_o steer_v out_o with_o that_o mark_n and_o it_o will_v carry_v you_o clear_v out_o the_o sand_n be_v flat_a and_o fair_a shoal_v both_o at_o the_o south_n and_o north-head_n but_o steep_a too_o on_o the_o east_n side_n to_o sail_v through_o the_o gull_n the_o gull_n be_v a_o channel_n that_o run_v between_o the_o goodwin-sand_n and_o the_o brake_n and_o therefore_o the_o mark_n to_o bring_v you_o through_o the_o down_n go_v to_o the_o northwards_o be_v these_o you_o must_v keep_v st._n margets-church_n which_o stand_v near_o the_o south-foreland_a on_o a_o piece_n of_o wall_n that_o be_v build_v near_o the_o three_o cliff_n to_o the_o northward_a of_o the_o south-foreland_n or_o else_o to_o bring_v the_o light-house_n in_o the_o south-swamp_n which_o mark_n will_v carry_v you_o through_o the_o gull_n and_o in_o the_o fair-way_n between_o the_o goodwin_n and_o the_o brake_n into_o 8_o 9_o and_z 10_o fathom_n water_n borrow_v on_o the_o brake_n in_o seven_o fathom_n and_o no_o near_o the_o bune-head_n than_o ten_o fathom_n bunt-head_n bunt-head_n and_o between_o the_o bunt-head_n and_o the_o north-sand-head_n in_o eight_o fathom_n direction_n to_o sail_n from_o the_o north-foreland_n through_o the_o gull_n in_o the_o night_n if_o your_o ground_n tackle_n shall_v fail_v you_o in_o the_o night_n ride_v at_o the_o north-foreland_n as_o very_o often_o have_v happen_v to_o divers_a ship_n and_o that_o you_o can_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o wind_n or_o tide_n weather_n the_o north-sand-head_n if_o you_o can_v but_o see_v the_o north-foreland_n light_n when_o you_o have_v bring_v that_o light-house_n to_o bear_v from_o you_o northwest_o or_o northwest_n by_o north_n then_o bear_v over_o into_o eight_o or_o nine_o fathom_n and_o be_v in_o that_o depth_n you_o may_v be_v sure_a it_o will_v steer_v to_o the_o southward_a s._n s._n w._n carry_v you_o direct_o through_o with_o the_o brake_n but_o keep_v your_o lead_n careful_o and_o borrow_v no_o near_a the_o brake_n then_o five_o fathom_n nor_o go_v not_o without_o nine_o fathom_n or_o nine_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a as_o you_o have_v that_o tide_n under_o you_o and_o this_o course_n will_v lead_v you_o through_o without_o danger_n direction_n for_o dover-road_n and_o so_o to_o dongeness_n and_o to_o the_o westward_n to_o beachy_a and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n the_o best_a ground_n in_o dover-road_n be_v with_o the_o white_a way_n to_o the_o north-westward_n of_o dover-castle_n dover-road_n mark_v to_o ride_v in_o dover-road_n or_o between_o that_o hill_n that_o come_v from_o st._n james_n church_n which_o be_v a_o flat_a steeple_n to_o the_o north_n end_n of_o dover_n town_n for_o a_o thwart_a mark_n and_o in_o what_o depth_n you_o please_v from_o seven_o to_o fourteen_o fathom_n thwart_v of_o foulstone_n in_o twelve_o or_o fourteen_o fathom_n you_o shall_v find_v very_o good_a ground_n likewise_o to_o the_o eastward_a of_o the_o ness_n you_o may_v ride_v in_o very_o good_a ground_n for_o a_o south-west_n wind_n in_o eight_o or_o nine_o fathom_n but_o if_o you_o set_v sail_n with_o a_o landerly_a wind_n do_v not_o come_v near_o the_o ness_n for_o there_o lie_v a_o bank_n within_o the_o point_n of_o the_o ness_n dongeness_n bank_n near_o dongeness_n that_o have_v not_o above_o fourteen_o foot_n on_o it_o at_o low-water_n in_o ordinary_a tide_n likewise_o to_o the_o westward_n of_o the_o ness_n there_o lie_v a_o bank_n alongst_o the_o channel_n that_o have_v not_o above_o three_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a at_o low-water_n and_o within_o it_o you_o shall_v have_v seven_o fathom_n likewise_o there_o be_v another_o riff_o or_o spit_v that_o do_v trend_a off_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ness_n s._n s._n e._n into_o the_o sea_n that_o be_v dangerous_a for_o a_o ship_n of_o draught_n if_o you_o be_v come_v from_o the_o westward_n and_o borrow_v close_o to_o the_o ness_n with_o a_o northerly_a wind_n also_o if_o you_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o westward_n or_o eastward_n with_o a_o northerly_a wind_n in_o a_o ship_n of_o draught_n be_v not_o covetous_a of_o keep_v close_o to_o the_o land_n for_o between_o fairley_n and_o beachy_a thwart_a of_o the_o castle_n of_o pemsy_n there_o lie_v divers_a reaches_n or_o overfall_n thwart_o the_o channel_n very_o little_a within_o the_o fair-way_n for_o beachy_a bear_n from_o you_o west_n by_o south_n half_a south_n and_o pemsy_a castle_n n._n n._n e._n from_o you_o there_o lie_v one_o that_o have_v not_o above_o fourteen_o foot_n at_o low-water_n near_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o channel_n six_o or_o seven_o league_n off_o fairley_n be_v between_o the_o n.n.w._n and_o n.n.e._n there_o lie_v a_o bank_n call_v the_o sow_n sow_n sow_n on_o the_o which_o in_o some_o place_n there_o be_v not_o above_o seven_o fathom_n the_o fisherman_n fish_n under_o it_o who_o may_v affright_v one_o in_o thick_a weather_n under_o beachy_a you_o may_v anchor_v to_o the_o eastward_n of_o it_o against_o a_o village_n call_v east-seaford_a for_o a_o westerly_a wind_n in_o seven_o eight_o or_o nine_o fathom_n thwart_v of_o a_o town_n call_v seaford_n the_o west_n ford_n of_o all_o the_o ford_n you_o may_v bring_v beachy_a in_o these_o depth_n to_o bear_v from_o you_o between_o the_o southeast_n by_o east_n and_o the_o east_n by_o south_n ten_o fathom_n beachy_a a_o rock_n near_o beachy_a there_o lie_v a_o rock_n a_o good_a birth_n from_o the_o shore_n thwart_v of_o a_o open_a bay_n to_o the_o westward_n of_o beachy_a between_o the_o seven_o cliff_n and_o beachy_a point_n to_o avoid_v this_o rock_n you_o must_v be_v sure_a to_o come_v no_o near_o the_o shore_n then_o nine_o or_o ten_o fathom_n yet_o all_o alongst_o the_o shore_n between_o seaford_n and_o arundel_n you_o shall_v find_v very_o fair_a shoal_v especial_o as_o far_o as_o shoram_n you_o must_v stand_v to_o the_o shore_n to_o seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n and_o good_a ground_n for_o to_o anchor_n in_o if_o occasion_n require_v but_o to_o the_o westward_n of_o that_o it_o be_v flat_a off_o the_o shore_n a_o league_n or_o two_o off_o you_o shall_v not_o in_o some_o place_n have_v above_o six_o or_o seven_o fathom_n and_o south_n off_o from_o arundel_n east-barrow-head_n east-barrow-head_n about_o six_o or_o seven_o mile_n from_o the_o shore_n there_o lie_v a_o bank_n call_v the_o east-barrow-head_n which_o dri_v at_o low-water_n on_o spring-tyde_n near_o upon_o the_o length_n of_o a_o acre_n of_o ground_n to_o avoid_v this_o danger_n if_o you_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o westward_n from_o shoram_n go_v s.s.w._n into_o the_o sea_n until_o you_o bring_v yourself_o into_o eighteen_o fathom_n deep_a of_o water_n and_o then_o you_o may_v bold_o steer_v w._n s._n w._n and_o that_o course_n in_o this_o depth_n will_v lead_v you_o without_o the_o owers_n owers_n owers_n you_o shall_v have_v fifteen_o fathom_n close_o by_o this_o shoal_n from_o this_o to_o the_o owers_n it_o be_v about_o two_o league_n w._n s
on_o which_o there_o be_v not_o above_o seven_o fathom_n in_o some_o place_n if_o any_o shall_v meet_v with_o this_o shoal_n come_v into_o the_o channel_n it_o will_v fright_v they_o for_o within_o a_o league_n to_o the_o westward_n of_o it_o there_o be_v 30_o fathom_n and_o upward_o direction_n for_o pilote_v a_o ship_n in_o at_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o to_o portsmouth-harbour_n and_o also_o for_o hampton-water_n if_o you_o come_v from_o the_o eastward_n with_o a_o northerly_a wind_n and_o bind_v into_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n or_o portsmouth_n after_o you_o be_v come_v to_o the_o westward_n of_o the_o shoal_n call_v the_o owers_n as_o by_o the_o aforesaid_a direction_n you_o may_v hale_v in_o northwest_n with_o st._n helen_n point_n but_o do_v not_o cover_v to_o hale_v too_o much_o to_o the_o northwards_o for_o there_o lie_v a_o bank_n off_o longstone_n haven_n to_o the_o eastward_n of_o the_o horse_n that_o have_v not_o above_o thirteen_o foot_n on_o it_o at_o low-water_n but_o keep_v of_o your_o lead_n in_o seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n carry_v you_o clear_a without_o it_o and_o will_v bring_v you_o to_o the_o southeast_n end_n of_o the_o sand_n call_v the_o horse_n horse_n horse_n st._n helen_n church_n south-west_n by_o west_n from_o you_o you_o may_v run_v in_o in_o five_o fathom_n and_o when_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o westermost_a great_a white_a patch_n or_o chalk_n upon_o parch-down_a which_o be_v the_o high_a land_n to_o the_o northwards_o of_o portsmouth_n a_o ship_n length_n to_o the_o westward_a of_o south-sea-castle_n that_o stand_v upon_o the_o beach_n than_o you_o may_v be_v bold_a to_o luff_fw-mi up_o for_o you_o be_v then_o to_o the_o westward_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o steer_v with_o that_o mark_n it_o will_v lead_v you_o in_o alongst_o the_o horse_n until_o you_o come_v unto_o the_o beach_n and_o so_o into_o the_o harbour_n of_o portsmouth_n keep_v alongst_o close_a to_o the_o shore_n until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o town_n wall_n end_n and_o there_o you_o must_v bear_v off_o a_o little_a for_o a_o flat_a that_o lie_v off_o from_o the_o shore_n this_o be_v for_o a_o easterly_a wind._n and_o if_o you_o intend_v for_o stokes-bay_n when_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o fire-beacon_n on_o brown_n down_o which_o be_v to_o the_o w._n n._n westward_n of_o hazle-wood_n point_n within_o a_o ship_n length_n without_o the_o say_a point_n than_o you_o may_v bear_v to_o the_o westward_n alongst_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o spit-head_n which_o be_v the_o shoal_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o entry_n of_o portsmouth-haven_n if_o the_o wind_n be_v westerly_a or_o southerly_a and_o that_o you_o be_v come_v from_o the_o westward_n and_o will_v go_v into_o st._n hellens-road_n or_o stokes-bay_n from_o donnose_n to_o st._n helen_n point_n your_o course_n be_v north-east_n by_o north_n and_o n._n n._n e._n but_o borrow_v no_o near_o to_o st._n helen_n than_o six_o or_o seven_o fathom_n for_o the_o spit_n lie_v off_o a_o great_a way_n but_o if_o it_o be_v clear_a wether_n that_o you_o may_v keep_v the_o castle_n call_v sand-down-castle_n open_v of_o the_o culver-cliff_n that_o mark_n will_v lead_v you_o without_o the_o spit_n of_o the_o point_n and_o steer_v alongst_o in_o this_o mark_n until_o you_o open_v st._n helen_n church_n some_o four_o sail_n breadth_n or_o two_o ship_n length_n open_a of_o the_o red_a cliff_n within_o st._n helen_n point_n or_o port-sea-castle_n to_o the_o eastward_n of_o south-sea-castle_n then_o be_v you_o clear_a of_o the_o point_n and_o may_v steer_v unto_o st._n helen_n road_n northwest_o and_o have_v bring_v the_o point_n south_n by_o west_n or_o between_o that_o and_o the_o south_n by_o east_n you_o may_v anchor_v in_o seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n very_o good_a ground_n note_v this_o that_o you_o have_v no_o good_a clear_a ground_n all_o alongst_o the_o island_n until_o you_o have_v open_v st._n helen_n church_n as_o abovesaid_a and_o have_v bring_v the_o point_n to_o bear_v from_o you_o s._n s._n w._n from_o st._n helen_n point_n to_o go_v between_o nomans-land_n and_o the_o hearse_n your_o direct_a course_n in_o be_v northwest_o by_o north_n and_o northwest_n but_o you_o have_v no_o shoal_v upon_o the_o south-west_n side_n on_o nomans-land_n for_o you_o shall_v have_v sixteen_o fathom_n and_o the_o next_o cast_v but_o three_o but_o at_o the_o horse_n you_o may_v stand_v in_o ten_o nine_o or_o eight_o fathom_n if_o the_o strong_a tide_n be_v bend_v and_o smooth_a water_n you_o shall_v have_v a_o great_a wash_n of_o they_o by_o the_o overfall_n of_o the_o water_n or_o the_o wash_n of_o they_o both_o but_o especial_o on_o nomans-land_n if_o it_o be_v clear_a wether_n there_o be_v very_o good_a mark_n to_o lead_v you_o in_o which_o be_v as_o follow_v keep_v the_o two_o windmill_n on_o the_o down_n on_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n that_o you_o may_v see_v they_o clear_v over_o all_o the_o tree_n that_o be_v between_o you_o and_o they_o but_o no_o more_o above_o they_o then_o even_o clear_a and_o this_o mark_n will_v lead_v you_o in_o and_o so_o up_o alongst_o the_o island_n without_o some_o middleground_n that_o lie_v to_o the_o w._n s._n westward_o of_o the_o point_n of_o nomans-land_n also_o from_o st._n helen_n point_n you_o have_v if_o it_o be_v clear_a wether_n that_o you_o can_v see_v it_o a_o direct_a mark_n viz._n a_o piece_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n heretofore_o call_v hazle-wood-castle_n stand_v on_o gilkeke_a point_n which_o of_o late_o be_v keep_v white_a keep_v gosbere_n church_n and_o that_o both_o in_o one_o or_o this_o mark_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o wood_n about_o the_o church_n which_o show_v with_o a_o valley_n like_o a_o saddle_n and_o so_o you_o may_v run_v direct_o in_o without_o fear_n or_o if_o the_o wind_n be_v so_o that_o you_o be_v force_v to_o turn_v in_o than_o you_o may_v turn_v the_o say_a mark_n within_o two_o sail_n breadth_n of_o each_o end_n of_o the_o wood_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o channel_n you_o shall_v have_v eighteen_o fathom_v water_n and_o if_o so_o be_v that_o you_o bring_v the_o say_v mark_n right_o under_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o wood_n you_o shall_v run_v in_o a_o middleground_n near_o the_o horse_n that_o have_v not_o above_o ten_o foot_n on_o it_o at_o low-water_n and_o hard_a sand._n the_o thwart_a mark_n of_o nomans-land_n the_o thwart_a mark_n of_o the_o northermost_a point_n of_o nomans-land_n be_v the_o eastermost_a windmill_n upon_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n right_a over_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o valley_n that_o be_v next_o to_o the_o north-westward_n of_o the_o point_n to_o the_o northwards_o of_o st._n helen_n church_n and_o have_v bring_v this_o mill_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o say_a valley_n you_o may_v be_v sure_a you_o be_v to_o the_o westward_o or_o with_o nomans-land_n and_o may_v steer_v alongst_o the_o island_n towards_o stokes-bay_n or_o the_o cow_n if_o you_o will_v anchor_v in_o stokes-bay_n stocks-bay_n mark_n to_o anthor_n in_o stocks-bay_n bring_v south-sea_n castle_n over_o the_o point_n of_o the_o beach_n of_o gilkeker_n for_o your_o long_a mark_n and_o the_o church_n of_o gosper_v open_a between_o the_o tree_n there_o you_o shall_v have_v very_o good_a ground_n and_o twelve_o fathom_n deep_a if_o the_o wind_n be_v westerly_a that_o you_o be_v force_v to_o turn_v up_o to_o stokes-bay_n or_o the_o cow_n you_o may_v stand_v over_o to_o the_o spâ—t-head_n into_o nine_o eight_o or_o seven_o fathom_n and_o towards_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n into_o six_o or_o seven_o fathom_n but_o between_o nomans-land_n and_o rid_v you_o shall_v meet_v with_o two_o or_o three_o middle-ground_n on_o which_o you_o shall_v have_v three_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n and_o then_o six_o fathom_n and_o over_o the_o other_o two_o three_o fathom_n and_o the_o like_a depth_n between_o they_o and_o so_o to_o the_o southward_n of_o they_o you_o shall_v have_v six_o fathom_v not_o far_o from_o the_o dry_a owze_n off_o ride_v but_o upon_o the_o northermost_a middleground_n of_o these_o three_o upon_o one_o place_n of_o it_o there_o be_v not_o above_o thirteen_o foot_n at_o low-water_n the_o thwart_a mark_n to_o run_v upon_o the_o height_n of_o it_o be_v the_o westermost_a white_a patch_n of_o parch-down_a right_n over_o hazle-wood-castle_n and_o when_o you_o be_v so_o far_o to_o the_o westward_n that_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o grove_n of_o tree_n on_o parch-down_a to_o the_o eastward_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a white_a patch_n right_a over_o hazle-wood-castle_n than_o you_o shall_v have_v three_o fathom_n over_o it_o at_o low-water_n but_o if_o you_o anchor_n near_o the_o east_n point_n there_o you_o shall_v have_v deep_a water_n and_o can_v set_v sail_n to_o go_v out_o so_o well_o against_o
dartmouth_n stand_v a_o white_a spire_n steeple_n call_v fackman_n which_o be_v a_o very_a good_a mark_n to_o know_v dartmouth_n by_o the_o start_n lie_v from_o dartmouth_n south-west_n start_n start_n about_o three_o or_o four_o league_n under_o the_o point_n of_o the_o start_n at_o the_o east_n side_n be_v a_o good_a road_n for_o westerly_a wind_n betwixt_o the_o point_n and_o a_o church_n that_o stand_v on_o the_o high-land_n in_o ten_o or_o eleven_o fathom_n so_o that_o the_o point_n lie_v south-west_n from_o you_o a_o little_a to_o the_o eastward_a of_o the_o westermost_a point_n of_o the_o start_n lie_v a_o haven_n call_v salcomb_n salcomb_n salcomb_n when_o you_o come_v from_o the_o west_n it_o show_v itself_o open_a the_o west_n side_n of_o it_o be_v ragged_a and_o the_o east_n side_n be_v slope_v down_o close_o to_o the_o west_n point_n lie_v a_o range_n of_o rock_n therefore_o you_o must_v give_v it_o a_o good_a birth_n and_o leave_v the_o rock_n on_o the_o larboard-side_n further_o you_o may_v see_v all_o break_v that_o may_v do_v you_o hurt_v be_v within_o you_o need_v not_o fear_n either_o of_o the_o shoal_n upon_o the_o bar_n or_o shoal_n of_o the_o entry_n remain_v at_o low-water_n and_o spring-tyde_n not_o less_o than_o eleven_o foot_n but_o within_o it_o be_v at_o least_o three_o fathom_n to_o sail_v into_o plymouth_n seven_o league_n to_o the_o westward_a of_o the_o start_n lie_v plymouth-sound_a plymouth_n plymouth_n at_o the_o eastermost_a east_n point_v of_o the_o sound_n lie_v a_o high_a round_a rock_n call_v mawstone_n mawstone_n mawstone_n between_o it_o and_o ram-head_n lie_v the_o say_a sound_n n.n.e._n it_o be_v round_o and_o deep_a a_o little_a to_o the_o northward_a of_o ram-head_n be_v a_o fair_a sand-bay_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_v close_o under_o the_o land_n in_o nine_o or_o ten_o fathom_n two_o league_n south_n a_o little_a easterly_a from_o ram-head_n eddystone_n eddystone_n lie_v a_o rock_n above_o water_n call_v eddystone_n the_o point_n of_o plymouth_n lie_v from_o eddystone_n north_n by_o east_n and_o n.n.e._n distant_a about_o four_o league_n in_o the_o sound_n by_o the_o land_n of_o plymouth_n lie_v a_o little_a island_n call_v sir_n francis_n drake_n island_n which_o be_v fast_o to_o the_o west_n side_n with_o a_o riff_o or_o range_v of_o rock_n under-water_n so_o that_o you_o must_v sail_v alongst_o to_o the_o eastward_n of_o it_o whether_o you_o be_v bind_v unto_o cat-water_n or_o into_o hamose_n which_o be_v the_o west_n harbour_n to_o sail_v into_o cat-water_n if_o you_o will_v go_v into_o cat-water_n cat-water_n cat-water_n then_o run_v in_o betwixt_o the_o island_n and_o the_o point_n on_o the_o east_n side_n in_o with_o the_o land_n of_o plymouth_n until_o you_o see_v cat-water_n open_a on_o the_o starboard_n of_o you_o go_v then_o into_o the_o eastward_n betwixt_o the_o point_n of_o plymouth_n and_o the_o point_n on_o the_o starboard-side_n leave_v most_o part_n of_o the_o channel_n on_o the_o starboard-side_n until_o you_o come_v within_o the_o point_n and_o anchor_n there_o right_a against_o the_o high_a steep_a northern_a land_n there_o be_v at_o low-water_n with_o extraordinary_a tide_n four_o and_o five_o fathom_n when_o you_o sail_n into_o cat-water_n you_o must_v take_v heed_n by_o give_v a_o good_a birth_n to_o the_o southern_a point_n of_o the_o entry_n for_o there_o lie_v off_o the_o foresay_a point_n a_o ledge_n of_o rock_n under-water_n about_o 2_o cable_n length_n off_o from_o the_o land_n upon_o the_o point_n of_o the_o ledge_n lie_v a_o buoy_z where_o be_v at_o half-flood_n about_o twelve_o foot_n water_n which_z buoy_z you_o must_v leave_v on_o your_o starboard-side_n go_v in_o and_o when_o you_o have_v cat-water_n altogether_o open_a you_o may_v run_v in_o to_o the_o eastward_n leave_v in_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o harbour_n two_o three_o of_o the_o channel_n on_o the_o starboard-side_n as_o before_o be_v say_v because_o the_o south_n shore_n be_v somewhat_o flat_o off_o there_o leave_v a_o sandy_a bank_n which_o reach_v to_o the_o second_o point_n of_o the_o south_n shore_n of_o cat-water_n a_o little_a to_o the_o eastward_a of_o drake_n island_n lie_v a_o rock_n under_o water_n upon_o which_o be_v at_o low-water_n not_o deep_a than_o two_o fathom_n for_o to_o sail_v within_o the_o land_n you_o may_v go_v to_o the_o eastward_a or_o westward_o of_o the_o rock_n according_a as_o occasion_n shall_v serve_v if_o you_o will_v sail_v unto_o hamose_n to_o the_o westward_a of_o the_o rock_n hamose_n hamose_n then_o take_v the_o sound_n of_o the_o land_n in_o four_o or_o five_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n and_o run_v so_o by_o it_o until_o that_o fishers-village_n lie_v to_o the_o northwards_o a_o little_a within_o the_o land_n come_v in_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o valley_n on_o the_o north_n shore_n then_o be_v you_o to_o run_v through_o between_o the_o island_n and_o the_o rock_n and_o to_o the_o westward_a of_o the_o rock_n upon_o the_o land_n of_o plymouth_n within_o the_o island_n stand_v a_o wall_n or_o hedge_n when_o you_o see_v it_o end-waye_n and_o the_o chapel_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a village_n come_v to_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o valley_n and_o cat-water_n come_v open_a then_o do_v you_o run_v over_o the_o rock_n between_o the_o island_n and_o the_o main_n then_o may_v you_o anchor_v in_o 12_o and_o 13_o fathom_n if_o you_o sail_v into_o hamose_n you_o must_v run_v between_o the_o island_n and_o the_o land_n of_o plymouth_n and_o then_o run_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o two_o land_n until_o the_o entry_n of_o hamose_n be_v open_a then_o run_v into_o the_o northwards_o as_o the_o channel_n lead_v until_o you_o come_v in_o about_o the_o west_n point_n and_o anchor_n there_o in_o 16_o 15_o and_o 12_o fathom_n in_o the_o narrow_a be_v 15_o 16_o 17_o and_o 20_o fathom_n between_o the_o island_n and_o the_o main_n 8_o 9_o and_z 10_o or_o 12_o fathom_n from_o ram-head_n west_n by_o south_n five_o league_n lie_v foy_n and_o betwixt_o they_o on_o the_o coast_n lie_v a_o little_a island_n a_o little_a to_o the_o eastward_a of_o talland-point_n thwart_v of_o west-loee_a call_v loee-island_n you_o may_v anchor_v to_o the_o eastward_a of_o the_o island_n in_o 5_o or_o 6_o fathom_n to_o sail_v into_o foy._n foy_n be_v a_o broad_a haven_n where_o a_o ship_n may_v go_v in_o at_o half-flood_n at_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o haven_n stand_v a_o little_a church_n with_o a_o steeple_n and_o on_o the_o west_n side_n a_o great_a white_a church_n with_o a_o square_a steeple_n to_o sail_v into_o foy_n you_o must_v have_v at_o least_o half-flood_n and_o run_v in_o amid_o the_o channel_n betwixt_o the_o two_o point_n and_o be_v come_v within_o they_o choose_v which_o side_n you_o will_v but_o the_o most_o water_n be_v by_o the_o west-land_n between_o the_o stake_n and_o the_o square_a steeple_n be_v come_v within_o the_o stake_n as_o you_o come_v in_o by_o the_o land_n then_o bear_v somewhat_o off_o present_o from_o the_o west_n shore_n almost_o into_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o channel_n near_o to_o the_o west_n shore_n until_o you_o come_v before_o the_o village_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o west_n side_n where_o be_v a_o deep_a dock_n in_o which_o ship_n that_o draw_v 16_o foot_n may_v lie_v afloat_o at_o low-water_n in_o the_o say_a dock_n may_v four_o ship_n lie_v if_o when_o you_o come_v by_o the_o east-land_n you_o desire_v to_o be_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a dock_n or_o pool_n then_o sail_n in_o until_o you_o come_v within_o the_o stake_n and_o then_o edge_n over_o off_o from_o the_o east-land_n until_o you_o come_v near_a the_o west-land_n for_o to_o avoid_v a_o flat_a which_o lie_v by_o the_o east_n shore_n alongst_o the_o haven_n which_o begin_v against_o the_o first_o house_n of_o the_o west_n village_n if_o it_o shall_v happen_v that_o you_o can_v not_o lead_v it_o in_o with_o a_o sail_n then_o let_v fall_v your_o anchor_n without_o the_o stake_n and_o warp_v in_o with_o hawser_n until_o you_o come_v unto_o the_o aforesaid_a pool_n you_o may_v also_o sail_v so_o far_o in_o that_o you_o may_v see_v a_o wall_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o haven_n where_o lie_v a_o village_n behind_o it_o a_o ship_n length_n to_o the_o southward_a of_o that_o wall_n it_o be_v good_a lie_v by_o the_o east-land_n be_v moor_v by_o four_o cable_n there_o a_o ship_n may_v ride_v afloat_o that_o draw_v sixteen_o foot_n water_n you_o may_v also_o sail_v further_o in_o along_o by_o that_o swatch_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o west_n side_n where_o in_o the_o mill_n stand_v but_o come_v not_o too_o near_o the_o north_n point_v of_o the_o swatch_n for_o by_o it_o lie_v a_o rock_n under-water_n be_v past_o that_o you_o may_v moor_v your_o ship_n
down_o salcomb_n the_o start_n thus_o show_v the_o land_n to_o the_o eastward_n of_o the_o eastermost_a point_n of_o the_o start_n towards_o salcomb_n when_o you_o sail_n by_o it_o plymouth_n n.n.w._n the_o start_n n.n.w._n thus_o show_v the_o start_n and_o the_o land_n to_o the_o westward_n of_o plymouth_n when_o the_o start_n be_v n.n.e._n about_o two_o league_n and_o plymouth_n sound_v n.n.e._n five_o or_o six_o league_n mawstone_n the_o start_n thus_o show_v the_o land_n between_o the_o start_n and_o plymouth_n sound_v when_o you_o sail_n by_o it_o thus_o show_v the_o high-land_n to_o the_o eastward_n of_o plymouth_n maker-church_n thus_o show_v the_o land_n of_o ramhead_n to_o the_o northwards_o of_o it_o when_o you_o sail_n into_o plymouth-sound_a the_o deadman_n ramhead_n thus_o show_v the_o deadman_n and_o the_o land_n to_o the_o eastward_n of_o it_o when_o you_o be_v thwart_v of_o the_o deadman_n 4_o league_n from_o the_o shore_n the_o deadman_n when_o you_o be_v thwart_v it_o thus_o show_v the_o land_n to_o the_o eastward_a of_o falmouth_n when_o you_o sail_n by_o it_o a_o league_n from_o the_o shore_n lizard_n falmouth_n deadman_n thus_o show_v the_o land_n between_o the_o deadman_n and_o the_o lizard_n thus_o show_v the_o lizard_n when_o you_o sail_n by_o it_o lizard_n hilford_n falmouth_n thus_o show_v the_o land_n betwixt_o the_o lizard_n and_o falmouth_n when_o you_o be_v below_o falmouth_n thus_o show_v the_o lizard_n when_o it_o be_v five_o or_o six_o league_n east_n by_o north_n from_o you_o mount_v bay_n the_o lizard_n thus_o show_v the_o lizard_n be_v east_n from_o you_o four_o or_o five_o league_n thus_o show_v the_o land_n betwixt_o the_o lizard_n 〈◊〉_d the_o landsend_n when_o the_o lizard_n lie_v east_n by_o north_n and_o mounts-bay_n north_n from_o you_o landsend_n n.n.w._n mounts-bay_n n.e._n by_o n._n and_o n.n.e._n thus_o show_v the_o landsend_n and_o the_o land_n to_o the_o eastward_n of_o it_o when_o it_o be_v n.n.w._n and_o mounts-bay_n n._n e._n and_o n.n.e._n from_o you_o thus_o show_v the_o landsend_n when_o you_o come_v in_o right_a with_o it_o out_o of_o the_o sea_n thus_o show_v the_o landsend_n be_v east_n from_o you_o east_n the_o landsend_n of_o england_n thus_o show_v the_o landsend_n when_o it_o bear_v southeast_n by_o south_n seven_o or_o eight_o league_n from_o you_o and_o the_o round_a hill_n to_o the_o northwards_o of_o the_o east_n than_o you_o may_v see_v the_o low_a land_n betwixt_o they_o both_o thus_o show_v silly_a be_v e.n.e._n from_o you_o thus_o show_v silly_a be_v southeast_n from_o you_o thus_o show_v silly_a be_v east_n five_o or_o six_o league_n from_o you_o thus_o show_v silly_a be_v south-west_n from_o you_o of_o the_o tide_n and_o set_v of_o the_o current_n as_o also_o what_o moon_n make_v high-water_n in_o dartmouth_n or_o torbay_n a_o west_n by_o south_n moon_n make_v high-water_n thwart_v the_o start_n in_o the_o channel_n a_o w.n.w._n and_o s.s.e._n moon_n from_o the_o start_n to_o portland_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n the_o flood_n fall_v e.n.e._n and_o the_o ebb_n w.s.w._n thwart_v of_o dartmouth_n by_o the_o land_n the_o flood_n fall_v north-east_n by_o north_n and_o the_o ebb_n south-west_n by_o south_n thwart_v of_o torbay_n towards_o exmouth_n in_o the_o bay_n the_o flood_n fall_v north_n east_n by_o north_n and_o the_o ebb_n s_o s._n w._n in_o plymouth_n and_o foy_n a_o west_n by_o south_n and_o east_n by_o north_n moon_n make_v high-water_n thwart_v of_o foy_n in_o the_o channel_n a_o e._n s._n e._n moon_n to_o the_o sea-board_n of_o falmouth_n a_o east_n by_o south_n but_o in_o falmouth-haven_n a_o east_n by_o north_n moon_n at_o helford_n and_o at_o the_o lizard_n by_o the_o land_n a_o e.s.e._n and_o w.n.w._n moon_n make_v high-water_n from_o ram-head_n to_o the_o start_n by_o the_o land_n within_o the_o eddystone_n the_o flood_n fall_v e.s.e._n and_o the_o ebb_n w._n n._n w._n from_o the_o deadman_n to_o ram-head_n the_o flood_n fall_v e.n.e._n and_o the_o ebb_n w.s.w._n from_o the_o lizard_n to_o the_o deadman_n north-east_n and_o south-west_n in_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o lizard_n and_o the_o start_n thwart_v of_o foy._n the_o flood_n fall_v east_n by_o north_n and_o the_o ebb_n west_n by_o south_n in_o what_o depth_n you_o may_v make_v the_o land_n the_o start_n and_o the_o land_n of_o dartmouth_n may_v be_v see_v in_o 45_o fathom_n when_o you_o have_v the_o high_a land_n of_o plymouth_n north_n from_o you_o you_o may_v see_v it_o in_o 50_o fathom_n it_o be_v high_a double_a land_n and_o show_v itself_o in_o two_o hill_n that_o same_o double_a high_a land_n within_o the_o land_n you_o may_v see_v it_o from_o thwart_v of_o foy_n until_o you_o come_v thwart_v of_o dartmonth_n the_o deadman_n you_o may_v see_v in_o 24_o fathom_n off_o from_o the_o lizard_n to_o the_o start_n the_o lizard_n you_o may_v see_v in_o 55_o fathom_n there_o the_o ground_n be_v white_a if_o you_o go_v from_o the_o lizard_n either_o southerly_a easterly_a or_o westerly_a it_o be_v as_o easy_a to_o be_v know_v for_o if_o you_o go_v southerly_a you_o will_v deepen_v the_o water_n and_o come_v into_o matter_a ground_n after_o ten_o league_n if_o you_o go_v westerly_a you_o will_v keep_v sand_n st_o will_v have_v deep_a water_n and_o fine_a sand_n if_o you_o go_v easterly_a you_o will_v have_v shoaler_n water_n and_o grosser_n sand._n if_o you_o be_v thwart_v of_o the_o start_n three_o league_n from_o the_o shore_n you_o will_v have_v 35_o fathom_n sandy_a ground_n mix_v with_o dust_n black_a like_o beat_a pepper_n the_o start_v be_v northwest_o or_o thereabouts_o and_o you_o sail_v e._n n._n e._n or_o east_n by_o north_n you_o will_v have_v sandy_a ground_n and_o shoaler_n water_n course_n and_o distance_n from_o portland_n to_o st._n paul_n the_o lion_n south-west_n by_o south_n 40_o league_n from_o portland_n to_o ushant_n s._n w._n 53_o league_n from_o portland_n to_o exmouth_n w.n.w._n 13_o league_n from_o torbay_n to_o dartmouth_n west_n somewhat_o southerly_a 3_o or_o 4_o league_n from_o dartmouth_n to_o the_o start_n s.w._n 3_o league_n from_o portland_n to_o torbay_n west_n somewhat_o southerly_a 13_o or_o 14_o league_n from_o portland_n to_o dartmouth_n west_n by_o south_n sixteen_o league_n from_o portland_n to_o the_o start_n w._n s._n w._n westerly_n 19_o league_n from_o the_o start_n to_o the_o casket_n e.s.e._n 21_o league_n from_o the_o start_n to_o the_o seven-isle_n south_n by_o east_n somewhat_o easterly_a 24_o league_n from_o the_o start_n to_o st._n paul_n the_o lion_n south_n by_o west_n southerly_a 27_o league_n from_o to_o start_v to_o ram-head_n w._n n._n w._n 8_o league_n from_o ram-head_n to_o love-island_n w.s.w._n 3_o league_n from_o love-island_n to_o foy_n west_n 2_o league_n from_o foy_n to_o the_o deadman_n south-west_n and_o south-west_n by_o west_n 5_o league_n from_o the_o deadman_n to_o falmouth_n west_n by_o south_n and_o w.s.w._n 4_o league_n from_o falmouth_n to_o the_o lizard_n south_n by_o west_n 4_o league_n from_o the_o start_n to_o the_o eddystone_n west_n or_o a_o little_a northerly_a 7_o or_o 8_o league_n from_o the_o eddystone_n to_o ram-head_n north_n a_o little_a westerly_a 2_o league_n from_o ram-head_n to_o the_o deadman_n w.s.w._n 8_o league_n from_o the_o deadman_n to_o the_o lizard_n s.w._n 6_o league_n from_o the_o start_n to_o the_o lizard_n west_n by_o south_n 20_o or_o 21_o league_n from_o the_o lizard_n to_o garnsey_n east_n by_o south_n 37_o league_n from_o the_o lizard_n to_o the_o seven_o island_n southeast_n by_o south_n 31_o league_n from_o the_o lizard_n to_o ushant_n south_n 29_o league_n from_o the_o lizard_n to_o cape_n de_fw-fr finisterre_n south-west_n 153_o league_n the_o same_o course_n go_v about_o five_o league_n without_o the_o cape_n from_o the_o lizard_n to_o teneriff_n s.s.w._n 466_o league_n from_o the_o lizard_n to_o tercera_n 386_o league_n latitude_n  _fw-fr deg_fw-la min._n torbay_n 50_o 42_o dartmouth_n 50_o 37_o the_o start_n 50_o 27_o ram-head_n 50_o 34_o falmouth_n 50_o 22_o lizard_n 50_o 10_o a_o tide_n table_n for_o the_o channel_n between_o england_n and_o france_n from_o the_o island_n of_o silly_a unto_o the_o north-foreland_n show_v what_o moon_n make_v the_o high_a water_n upon_o the_o coast_n and_o in_o the_o harbour_n and_o how_o the_o tide_n do_v set_v and_o how_o long_o it_o do_v run_v to_o the_o eastward_a in_o the_o channel_n the_o name_n of_o the_o port_n or_o headland_n what_o point_v the_o moon_n be_v upon_o to_o make_v a_o full_a sea_n in_o these_o place_n upon_o what_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n the_o tide_n set_v to_o the_o eastward_n in_o the_o channel_n thwart_v of_o these_o place_n how_o the_o tide_n set_v in_o the_o channel_n 4_o 5_o or_o 6_o league_n
knock-john_n have_v a_o small_a swatch_n that_o run_v through_o betwixt_o they_o divide_v they_o into_o two_o sand_n but_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o ship_n to_o pass_v through_o this_o sand_n dry_v in_o several_a place_n and_o be_v half_a and_o three_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n broad_a east-barrows_n the_o east-barrow_n be_v the_o north-east_n part_n of_o the_o whole_a barrows-sand_n and_o lie_v down_o from_o the_o north-east_n end_n of_o the_o west-barrow_n north-east_n by_o east_n about_o four_o mile_n in_o two_o several_a sand_n one_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o other_o the_o south-west_n end_n of_o they_o tayl_v upward_o sand._n beat_n of_o this_o sand._n on_o the_o northwest_n side_n of_o the_o north-east_n end_n of_o the_o west-barrow_n be_v a_o small_a swatch_n pass_v between_o they_o also_o between_o the_o two_o east-barrow_n there_o be_v a_o swatch_n where_o small_a vessel_n that_o be_v acquaint_v do_v pass_v through_o both_o these_o sand_n fall_v dry_a at_o low-water_n and_o be_v in_o length_n about_o four_o mile_n the_o south_n side_n of_o these_o two_o sand_n be_v steep_a the_o northwest_n more_o bold_a yet_o something_o steep_a the_o north-east_n end_n of_o these_o do_v bear_v from_o the_o naze_n south_n by_o east_n ten_o mile_n distant_a the_o channel_n betwixt_o this_o and_o the_o heap_n be_v a_o mile_n broad_a in_o which_o you_o have_v 7_o 8_o 9_o and_z 10_o fathom_n water_n and_o in_o one_o place_n a_o cross_n ridge_n lie_v thwart_v the_o channel_n where_o there_o be_v but_o two_o and_o three_o fathom_n west-barrows_n the_o west-barrows_n be_v the_o south-west_n part_n of_o the_o whole_a barrows-sand_n there_o be_v some_o swatche_n two_o three_o part_n down_o to_o the_o north-eastwards_a that_o divide_v this_o sand_n which_o make_v it_o to_o be_v call_v the_o east_n and_o west-barrows_n that_o part_n which_o be_v call_v the_o west-barrows_n begin_v at_o the_o north-east_n end_n of_o the_o mouse_n and_o lie_v down_o north-east_n and_o south-west_n it_o fall_v dry_a in_o several_a place_n at_o low-water_n and_o be_v steep_a too_o on_o both_o side_n on_o the_o southeast_n side_n there_o be_v seven_o and_o eight_o fathom_n close_o to_o the_o sand_n but_o on_o the_o northwest_n side_n you_o have_v ten_o eleven_o and_o twelve_o fathom_n close_o to_o it_o this_o sand_n be_v in_o length_n six_o or_o seven_o mile_n and_o betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o shivering-sand_n you_o have_v in_o the_o middle_n nine_o ten_o and_o eleven_o fathom_n this_o sand_n dry_v in_o several_a place_n among_o all_o these_o sand_n it_o flow_v south_n by_o east_n the_o mouse_n the_o mouse_n be_v a_o sand_n that_o lie_v from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o oaze-edge_n north-east_n about_o a_o mile_n between_o they_o be_v a_o channel_n where_o be_v seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n water_n and_o lower_v down_o to_o the_o eastward_a there_o be_v nine_o or_o ten_o fathom_n a_o draught_n of_o the_o sands_z channel_n buoy_n beacon_n and_o sea-mark_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n from_o the_o southforeland_n to_o orfordness_n discover_v by_o capt_n gilbert_n crane_n and_o capt_n tho_o browne_n elder_n brother_n of_o trinity_n house_n the_o sea_n coast_n suruâ—â—ghed_v by_o jonas_n moor_n esquire_n &_o publish_v by_o the_o special_a licence_n and_o aprobation_n of_o his_o royal_a highness_n the_o duke_z of_o york_z make_v and_o sell_v by_o john_n seller_n hidrographer_n to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n in_o wapping_n london_n this_o sand_n be_v between_o three_o and_o four_o mile_n long_o and_o half_a a_o mile_n broad_a be_v steep_a too_o on_o both_o side_n it_o lie_v in_o length_n e._n n._n f._n and_o w._n s._n w._n and_o join_v to_o the_o west-barrows_n only_o a_o small_a swatch_n run_v betwixt_o they_o the_o north-east_n end_n of_o this_o sand_n bear_v n._n n._n w._n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o two_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o south-west_n of_o the_o shivering-sand_n a_o description_n of_o the_o sand_n shoal_n rock_n and_o danger_n upon_o the_o south_n coast_n of_o england_n between_o dover_n and_o silly_n the_o vane_n or_o ripraps_n the_o vane_n or_o ripraps_n be_v a_o bank_n that_o lie_v a_o little_a to_o the_o southwards_o of_o the_o head_n of_o calais_n and_o dever_n somewhat_o near_o to_o the_o french-coast_n it_o be_v but_o narrow_a but_o in_o length_n it_o be_v four_o league_n lie_v about_o n._n n._n e._n and_o s._n s._n w._n and_o so_o wind_v itself_o southerly_a towards_o the_o land_n of_o bulleyn_n bear_v west_n by_o south_n from_o calice-cliff_n and_o south_n by_o east_n from_o dover_n the_o north-eastermost_a end_n be_v the_o shoal_a not_o have_v more_o than_o nine_o 10_o or_o 11_o foot_n at_o low-water_n on_o both_o side_n of_o this_o bank_n as_o well_o to_o the_o eastward_n as_o the_o westward_n thereof_o you_o will_v have_v 20_o 22_o 23_o and_o 24_o fathom_v water_n betwixt_o this_o bank_n and_o the_o land_n lie_v also_o two_o or_o three_o shoal_n but_o not_o very_o dangerous_a have_v three_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a or_o four_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n easterborrough-head_n south_n of_o arundel_n about_o six_o or_o seven_o mile_n easterborrough-head_n easterborrough-head_n lie_v a_o bank_n call_v easterborrough-head_n which_o dri_v at_o low-water_n and_o at_o spring-tyde_n about_o a_o furlong_n be_v rock_n and_o shindle_n to_o avoid_v this_o danger_n if_o you_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o southward_a from_o sborum_n run_v s._n s._n w._n into_o the_o sea_n until_o you_o get_v eighteen_o fathom_n and_o then_o you_o may_v steer_v bold_o w._n s._n w._n and_o that_o course_n will_v lead_v you_o without_o the_o owers_n also_o close_o by_o this_o shoal_n you_o will_v have_v fifteen_o fathom_n from_o this_o to_o the_o owers_n it_o be_v almost_o two_o league_n w._n s._n w._n come_v no_o near_o than_o in_o twelve_o or_o thirteen_o fathom_n and_o that_o depth_n will_v carry_v you_o without_o the_o owers_n rock_n a_o ledge_n of_o rock_n between_o easterborrough_n and_o the_o owers_n lie_v a_o ledge_n of_o rock_n on_o which_o there_o be_v not_o above_o six_o foot_n at_o low-water_n this_o ledge_n be_v half_a a_o league_n to_o the_o northwest_n from_o easterborrough-head_n the_o owers_n w._n s._n w._n five_o league_n from_o arundel_n owers_n owers_n thirteen_o league_n west_n by_o south_n somewhat_o westerly_a from_o beachy_a about_o four_o league_n to_o the_o eastward_n of_o the_o wight_n and_o half_a a_o league_n from_o the_o shore_n lie_v the_o owers_n be_v always_o under_o water_n the_o thwart_a mark_n be_v when_o chichester_n spire-steeple_n be_v n._n n._n w._n mark_n mark_n from_o you_o then_o be_v you_o thwart_v the_o souther_a side_n of_o it_o for_o a_o long_a mark_n set_v the_o point_n of_o dunness_n with_o your_o compass_n it_o will_v bear_v direct_a west_n by_o south_n half_a southerly_a dunness_n w.s.w._n be_v right_a upon_o they_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n hereof_o if_o you_o be_v come_v from_o the_o eastward_n with_o a_o northerly_a wind_n be_v sure_a to_o keep_v in_o 18_o fathom_n water_n or_o more_o also_o come_v from_o the_o westward_o you_o must_v come_v no_o near_o than_o east_n by_o north_n keep_v yourself_o in_o the_o aforesaid_a depth_n many_o have_v be_v deceive_v come_v from_o dunness_n which_o steer_v east_n by_o north_n and_o e._n n._n e._n not_o regard_v that_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o the_o tide_n set_v into_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n which_o be_v bring_v on_o the_o owers_n unexpected_o if_o you_o be_v acquaint_v with_o they_o you_o may_v sail_v to_o the_o northwards_o between_o they_o and_o the_o land_n the_o black-rock_n from_o st._n hellens-point_n black-rock_n black-rock_n be_v the_o eastermost_a point_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n run_v off_o a_o riff_o e._n n._n e._n two_o mile_n into_o the_o sea_n call_v the_o black-rock_n when_o calver-cliff_n be_v hide_v behind_o the_o north-east_n point_v of_o the_o island_n then_o be_v you_o within_o this_o riff_o come_v no_o near_o it_o than_o in_o seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n the_o horse_n within_o the_o foresay_a riff_o in_o the_o fair-way_n horse_n horse_n between_o the_o island_n and_o the_o main_n lie_v a_o shoal_n call_v the_o horse_n the_o mark_n for_o it_o be_v when_o south-sea_n castle_n and_o a_o square_a steeple_n within_o the_o land_n be_v both_o in_o one_o then_o be_v you_o thwart_v it_o the_o mark_n to_o go_v clear_a mark_n mark_n be_v to_o keep_v portsmouth_n castle_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o wood_n this_o mark_n will_v carry_v you_o between_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o main_a on_o it_o at_o low_a water_n you_o will_v have_v but_o ten_o foot_n about_o it_o be_v good_a shoal_v come_v therefore_o no_o near_o it_o than_o in_o five_o or_o six_o fathom_n when_o st._n helen_n church_n bear_v s.w._n by_o west_n from_o you_o than_o the_o southeast_n end_n of_o the_o horse_n bear_v north-east_n by_o north_n
a_o bank_n whereon_o be_v two_o fathom_n betwixt_o the_o head_n of_o meyland_n and_o the_o same_o bank_n man_n may_v run_v through_o in_o three_o sathom_n at_o half-flood_n under_o calice-cliff_n you_o may_v anchor_v in_o ten_o fathom_n but_o at_o the_o west_n end_n lie_v a_o rock_n under_o water_n a_o bow_n shoot_v from_o the_o land_n the_o cliff_n the_o cliff_n be_v the_o outer_a or_o westermost_a bank_n and_o lie_v from_o calice-cliff_n n.n.e._n about_o four_o league_n and_o a_o half_a and_o have_v three_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a water_n on_o it_o betwixt_o this_o and_o the_o ruyte_n go_v a_o wide_a deep_a channel_n of_o 23_o and_o 24_o fathom_n and_o lie_v in_o the_o sea_n n._n n._n e._n half_a easterly_a and_o s._n s._n w._n half_a westerly_a and_o be_v in_o length_n almost_o three_o mile_n ruyte_v the_o ruyting_n be_v a_o bank_n which_o lie_v from_o calice-cliff_n north-east_n by_o north_n about_o four_o league_n where_o you_o will_v have_v five_o or_o six_o fathom_n but_o on_o the_o south_n end_n be_v a_o ridg_z of_o one_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a this_o sand_n lie_v in_o the_o sea_n n._n n._n e._n and_o s._n s._n w._n in_o length_n almost_o seven_o mile_n when_o the_o south_n end_n of_o winoxberg_n come_v betwixt_o the_o two_o flat_a steeple_n to_o the_o westward_a of_o dunkirk_n then_o be_v you_o thwart_v of_o the_o ridg_z also_o there_o stand_v three_o or_o four_o mill_n to_o the_o eastward_n of_o dunkirk_n when_o the_o outermost_a come_v ever_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o town_n than_o the_o steeple_n of_o dunkirk_n shall_v bear_v from_o you_o southeast_n five_o league_n this_o be_v a_o good_a mark_n for_o the_o say_v ridge_n this_o save_v be_v very_o dangerous_a because_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o fair-way_n dike_n the_o dike_n be_v a_o bank_n that_o lie_v from_o calice-cliff_n north-east_n nine_o mile_n the_o depth_n of_o water_n on_o it_o be_v four_o and_o five_o fathom_n upon_o the_o south_n and_o north_n end_n of_o this_o bank_n be_v ridge_n on_o the_o southermost_a be_v but_o one_o fathom_n and_o lie_v upon_o the_o mark_v of_o wynoxberge_n about_o northwest_n somewhat_o westerly_a from_o dunkirk_n on_o the_o northermost_a there_o be_v about_o four_o fathom_n and_o two_o foot_n and_o lie_v n._n w._n from_o the_o cloister_n tenduynen_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o sea_n n._n n._n e._n and_o s._n s._n w._n in_o length_n four_o league_n and_o a_o half_a rattle_n the_o rattle_n be_v a_o bank_n which_o lie_v from_o calice-cliff_n north-east_n by_o east_n and_o have_v 3_o 4_o and_z 5_o fathom_n water_n on_o it_o on_o the_o south_n end_n be_v a_o ridge_n where_o you_o have_v but_o one_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n at_o spring-tyde_n these_o ridge_n fall_v dry_a between_o this_o and_o the_o dike_n go_v a_o channel_n of_o twelve_o fathom_n to_o the_o northward_a until_o you_o be_v against_o the_o ridge_n hereof_o than_o you_o will_v have_v 9_o 4_o 7_o and_o 17_o fathom_n then_o be_v you_o clear_a of_o it_o betwixt_o it_o and_o broad-bank_n go_v a_o great_a channel_n of_o 19_o and_o 20_o fathom_n in_o all_o the_o channel_n betwixt_o the_o say_a bank_n you_o may_v turn_v to_o windward_n from_o one_o bank_n to_o another_o and_o anchor_n betwixt_o they_o where_o you_o will_v this_o bank_n lie_v in_o the_o sea_n n._n n._n e._n and_o s._n s._n w._n in_o length_n four_o league_n be_v about_o four_o and_o three_o quarter_n distant_a from_o calice-cliff_n broad-bank_n the_o south_n end_n hereof_o lie_v from_o calice-cliff_n n._n e._n by_o east_n three_o league_n three_o quarter_n and_o have_v a_o ridge_n on_o the_o south_n end_n where_o there_o be_v but_o half_a a_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n this_o bank_n lie_v in_o the_o sea_n north-east_n and_o south-west_n be_v in_o length_n five_o league_n on_o the_o s._n w._n end_v you_o have_v 5_o 7_o and_z 8_o fathom_n and_o on_o the_o n.e._n end_n 1_o 1_o and_o a_o half_a 2_o 2_o and_o a_o half_a 3_o 4_o and_z 5_o fathom_n from_o the_o s._n side_n which_o be_v convex_a run_v off_o a_o spit_n e.n.e._n 3_o mile_n whereon_o be_v but_o 1_o and_o a_o half_a and_o 2_o fathom_n the_o n.e._n end_n lie_v from_o newport_n west_n by_o north_n 4_o league_n and_o a_o quarter_n and_o from_o the_o cloister_n of_o tenduynen_n northwest_n by_o north_n three_o league_n and_o a_o half_a when_o gravel_v be_v southeast_n from_o you_o then_o be_v you_o thwart_v of_o the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o foresay_a bank_n and_o when_o newport_n be_v southeast_n by_o east_n then_o be_v you_o thwart_v of_o the_o north_n end_n of_o they_o splinter_n the_o splinter_n be_v a_o bank_n which_o run_v off_o from_o the_o w_a head_n of_o dunkirk_n two_o league_n long_o which_o fall_v dry_a at_o low-water_n in_o many_o place_n you_o may_v sail_v behind_o this_o bank_n by_o the_o shore_n from_o the_o westward_o almost_o to_o the_o westward_a head_n of_o dunkirk_n and_o there_o may_v anchor_v in_o 5_o 6_o 7_o and_z 8_o fathom_n about_o half_a a_o league_n from_o the_o westward_a head_n there_o run_v a_o channel_n through_o the_o foresay_a bank_n where_o small_a ship_n may_v pass_v through_o at_o high-water_n the_o west_n end_n lie_v from_o gravel_v n._n n._n w._n four_o mile_n quade-bank_n or_o brake_n the_o quade-bank_n run_v off_o to_o the_o eastward_n of_o the_o head_n of_o dunkirk_n at_o least_o two_o league_n to_o the_o westward_o end_v thwart_o the_o head_n of_o dunkirk_n to_o the_o eastward_a of_o the_o easter_n head_n you_o may_v anchor_v behind_o the_o bank_n shelter_v for_o a_o northwest_n a_o north_n and_o north-east_n wind_n you_o have_v two_o fathom_n there_o at_o low-water_n but_o in_o the_o come_n in_o it_o be_v shoaler_n before_o the_o havens_n mouth_n of_o dunkirk_n be_v nine_o and_o ten_o fathom_n and_o to_o the_o westward_a of_o the_o w_a head_n 6_o 7_o and_z 8_o fathom_n from_o thence_o man_n may_v run_v over_o the_o small_a bank_n in_o three_o fathom_n and_o come_v against_o the_o broad-bank_n north-cames_a north-cames_a be_v a_o bank_n which_o lie_v near_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o brake_n and_o lie_v from_o dunkirk_n n._n n._n e._n about_o a_o league_n be_v in_o length_n two_o mile_n whereon_o you_o will_v have_v but_o two_o foot_n at_o low-water_n but_o on_o the_o east_n side_n 7_o 8_o and_z 9_o fathom_n cames_n the_o cames_n be_v a_o bank_n whereon_o there_o be_v many_o ridge_n which_o have_v but_o 2_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n you_o may_v run_v through_o between_o the_o land_n and_o this_o bank_n in_o 8_o 9_o &_o 10_o fathom_n and_o may_v ride_v theâ—e_n for_o all_o wind_n it_o lie_v from_o dunkirk_n north-east_n four_o mile_n and_o from_o the_o sâ—â—â—es_v one_o mile_n brewers-bank_n the_o brewers-bank_n be_v triangular_a and_o lie_v thwart_v of_o the_o cloister_n tenduynen_n w._n n._n w._n from_o the_o shore_n about_o a_o league_n in_o the_o sea_n when_o the_o say_a cloister_n lie_v south_n from_o you_o then_o be_v you_o at_o the_o innermost_a part_n hereof_o you_o may_v run_v through_o between_o the_o land_n and_o this_o bank_n in_o four_o fathom_n and_o low-water_n but_o man_n do_v run_v common_o about_o to_o the_o westward_n of_o it_o when_o they_o sail_v through_o within_o the_o bank_n alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o flanders_n small-bank_n on_o small-bank_n you_o have_v but_o two_o three_o and_o four_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n and_o lie_v without_o the_o cames_n and_o brewers-bank_n about_o a_o mile_n and_o half_a and_o from_o the_o shore_n a_o league_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o sea_n north-east_n by_o east_n and_o south-west_n by_o west_n in_o length_n almost_o two_o league_n it_o lie_v from_o dunkirk_n north._n stone-bank_n when_o the_o cloister_n of_o tenduynen_n bear_v from_o you_o southeast_n then_o be_v you_o thwart_v of_o the_o stone-bank_n or_o the_o ridge_n which_o be_v on_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o whereon_o there_o be_v but_o three_o foot_n at_o low-water_n and_o sometime_o fall_v dry_a at_o neap-tyde_n this_o bank_n lie_v from_o the_o shore_n about_o five_o mile_n and_o have_v on_o the_o east_n side_n a_o hook_n which_o lie_v to_o the_o eastward_n run_v to_o nothing_o almost_o against_o newport_n on_o it_o you_o have_v three_o fathom_n in_o the_o channel_n between_o this_o and_o the_o small-bank_n there_o be_v 7_o 8_o and_z 9_o fathom_n between_o the_o south-west_n end_n of_o this_o and_o the_o broad-bank_n from_o which_o it_o be_v distant_a about_o a_o mile_n run_v also_o a_o channel_n of_o 6_o 7_o 8_o 9_o and_z 10_o fathom_n call-bank_n call-bank_n of_o some_o call_v small-bank_n which_o lie_v alongst_o by_o or_o without_o the_o stone-bank_n almost_o a_o league_n betwixt_o they_o be_v a_o channel_n of_o 7_o 9_o and_z 10_o fathom_n without_o it_o you_o have_v a_o channel_n of_o 8_o 10_o 12_o and_z 14_o fathom_n
avoid_v which_o keep_v east-chappel_n and_o middleborrough_n one_o in_o the_o other_o which_o mark_n will_v carry_v you_o clear_a newsand_n newsand_n lie_v from_o the_o west_n part_n of_o schowen_v half_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o shore_n and_o run_v off_o w._n n._n w._n five_o mile_n between_o banjaert_n and_o it_o run_v a_o channel_n call_v the_o velt_n half_o a_o mile_n broad_a where_o there_o be_v 1_o and_o a_o half_a 2_o and_o 3_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n this_o sand_n in_o some_o place_n will_v be_v dry_a at_o low-water_n the_o hill_n the_o hill_n be_v a_o bank_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o newsand_n between_o which_o run_v a_o channel_n call_v newdeep_a where_o you_o will_v have_v three_o and_o two_o fathom_n on_o this_o bank_n there_o be_v but_o 6_o and_o 8_o foot_n ouru_v ourust_n be_v a_o triangular_a sand_n the_o east_n corner_n whereof_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o west_n side_n of_o north-beveland_a about_o the_o three_o part_n of_o a_o mile_n the_o west_n corner_n lie_v from_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o little_a sand_n call_v the_o shoots-man_n half_o a_o mile_n on_o the_o north_n corner_n which_o run_v out_o into_o the_o channel_n call_v the_o roompot_n there_o lie_v a_o buoy_z in_o 1_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a water_n on_o the_o side_n of_o this_o sand_n half_o a_o mile_n distant_a one_o from_o the_o other_o lie_v two_o other_o buoys_n to_o direct_v man_n which_o go_v up_o the_o channel_n this_o sand_n be_v dry_a in_o many_o place_n the_o shoots-man_n the_o shoots-man_n be_v a_o little_a sand_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o walcheren_n be_v distant_a from_o terveer_n about_o a_o mile_n and_o be_v two_o mile_n in_o length_n lie_v close_o by_o the_o shore_n on_o the_o northwest_n end_v there_o lie_v a_o buoy_z from_o which_o to_o the_o point_n of_o walkeren_n there_o lie_v three_o other_o southeast_n by_o south_n and_o northwest_n by_o north_n one_o from_o the_o other_o these_o buoys_n lie_n in_o four_o and_o six_o fathom_v water_n the_o laegten_a the_o laegten_n be_v a_o sand_n which_o lie_v between_o schowen_v and_o goeree_n on_o the_o south_n side_n thereof_o lie_v 3_o buoys_n east_n and_o west_n one_o from_o the_o other_o the_o west_n end_n where_o of_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o hill_n about_o a_o mile_n and_o half_a the_o mark_n for_o this_o end_n be_v to_o keep_v rimse_n on_o the_o cliff_n of_o weolsack_n and_o it_o will_v carry_v you_o through_o clear_a of_o the_o say_a end_n between_o which_o you_o will_v have_v 17_o 18_o 19_o and_o 20_o fathom_n to_o go_v clear_a of_o the_o corner_n at_o the_o east-head_n the_o buoys_n be_v sufficient_a mark_n which_o course_n will_v also_o carry_v you_o clear_v the_o west_n end_n and_o also_o of_o the_o hill_n in_o some_o place_n of_o this_o sand_n you_o will_v have_v but_o three_o and_o four_o fathom_n in_o other_o place_n 11_o and_o 12_o fathom_n this_o sand_n be_v in_o length_n two_o league_n and_o a_o half_a bend_v to_o the_o northward_a both_o side_n be_v steep_a too_o have_v within_o 12_o and_o 14_o fathom_n and_o without_o 12_o 14_o and_o 16_o fathom_n springer_n springer_n be_v a_o bank_n which_o all_o time_n be_v almost_o dry_a and_o join_v on_o the_o west_n side_n to_o the_o laegten_o from_o the_o southeast_n side_n run_v out_o a_o tail_n two_o mile_n into_o the_o sea_n the_o point_n whereof_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o mouth_n of_o browershaven_n northwest_o almost_o three_o mile_n the_o mark_n to_o go_v clear_a of_o it_o be_v to_o bring_v ziericzea_n and_o east-street_n which_o be_v a_o house_n to_o the_o westward_a of_o browershaven_n both_o in_o one_o and_o will_v lead_v you_o in_o the_o best_a of_o the_o channel_n where_o you_o will_v have_v 10_o 20_o and_o 24_o fathom_n but_o if_o you_o go_v within_o between_o schownen_n and_o it_o keep_v the_o town_n of_o bomment_n east_n by_o south_n which_o will_v carry_v you_o direct_o to_o the_o westermost_a buoy_z within_o the_o laegten_o keet-werf_a keet-werf_a be_v the_o westermost_a point_n of_o the_o land_n geeree_n from_o which_o rune_v off_o a_o small_a tail_n four_o mile_n into_o the_o sea_n call_v westhead_n be_v distant_a from_o laegten_v not_o above_o half_a a_o mile_n it_o be_v steep_a too_o have_v seven_o and_o eight_o fathom_n close_o to_o it_o the_o mark_n for_o the_o point_n of_o it_o be_v to_o bring_v ziericzea_n on_o the_o west_n end_n of_o a_o wood._n which_o will_v carry_v you_o clear_a of_o it_o the_o hinder_v the_o hinder_v be_v a_o crooked_a sand_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o goeree_n bend_v with_o the_o land_n in_o some_o place_n distant_a above_o a_o mile_n in_o other_o some_o less_o where_o you_o will_v have_v at_o the_o eastermost_a point_n 18_o fathom_n and_o in_o the_o channel_n 20_o 30_o 40_o and_o 50_o fathom_n it_o be_v in_o length_n two_o league_n and_o a_o half_a on_o the_o east_n end_v you_o have_v but_o two_o fathom_n but_o the_o far_a to_o the_o west_n the_o deep_a water_n at_o the_o west_n end_v you_o will_v have_v twenty_o fathom_n west-plat_a west-plat_a be_v a_o shoal_n that_o run_v out_o from_o the_o west_n end_n of_o voeren_n about_o four_o mile_n into_o the_o sea_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o hinder_v about_o two_o three_o of_o a_o league_n on_o it_o there_o be_v but_o 3_o 5_o and_z 10_o fathom_n the_o channel_n between_o it_o and_o the_o hinder_v be_v 9_o 10_o and_z 12_o fathom_n the_o mark_n for_o it_o be_v to_o keep_v the_o steeple_n of_o quack_n just_o open_a of_o the_o land_n and_o it_o will_v carry_v you_o through_o in_o the_o best_a of_o the_o channel_n the_o broad-fourteens_a the_o bread-fourteens_a so_o call_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o breadth_n and_o depth_n of_o water_n upon_o it_o which_o in_o most_o place_n be_v 14_o fathom_n it_o join_v with_o the_o land_n begin_v at_o scheveling_n and_o run_v off_o w._n n._n w._n almost_o five_o league_n than_o n._n w._n by_o north_n nine_o league_n from_o thence_o n.e._n by_o north_n 23_o league_n which_o be_v the_o very_a point_n of_o it_o where_o you_o have_v 18_o fathom_n which_o lie_v from_o the_o texel_n 8_o league_n it_o extend_v itself_o from_o schevel_v on_o the_o coast_n northward_o 5_o league_n or_o within_o a_o league_n and_o half_a of_o santâ—â—â—rt_n from_o which_o it_o run_v with_o a_o concavity_n to_o the_o say_a point_n the_o hard_a outer-rib_n &_o small-acht_a these_o be_v three_o small_a sand_n which_o run_v into_o the_o bread-fourteens_a the_o hard_a be_v a_o little_a to_o the_o northward_a of_o stantvoort_n and_o run_v off_o south-west_n six_o league_n whereon_o you_o have_v 3_o 5_o 7_o and_z 8_o fathom_n the_o rib_n and_o small-acht_a and_o it_o be_v parallel_v one_o to_o the_o other_o small-acht_a beginning_n at_o egmont-zee_a and_o run_v off_o into_o the_o broad-fourteens_a distant_a from_o the_o outer-rib_n about_o four_o mile_n between_o these_o sand_n the_o channel_n be_v 6_o 7_o 8_o and_z 10_o fathom_n reysers-plat_a keysers-plat_a be_v a_o sand_n which_o lie_v a_o league_n from_o the_o west_n end_n of_o the_o texel_n on_o which_o side_n there_o lie_v five_o buoys_n to_o direct_v man_n through_o the_o channel_n call_v the_o spaniard_n texel_n channel_n call_v the_o slenk_n near_o the_o texel_n through_o the_o middle_n hereof_o go_v a_o channel_n call_v the_o slenk_n which_o be_v very_o narrow_a wherein_o you_o have_v 27_o fathom_n in_o the_o say_a channel_n there_o lie_v fix_v buoys_n that_o sand_n which_o be_v on_o the_o other_o end_n of_o this_o channel_n reach_v within_o a_o mile_n or_o less_o of_o the_o land_n of_o holland_n between_o go_v a_o channel_n call_v sand-deep_a wherein_o there_o be_v three_o buoys_n this_o sand_n be_v steep_a too_o for_o without_o it_o you_o have_v 48_o fathom_n and_o at_o the_o n._n w._n corner_n 90_o within_o it_o be_v 30_o and_o 33_o fathom_n vogelsand_n vogelsand_n lie_v between_o the_o texel_n and_o wieringen_n be_v two_o league_n broad_a the_o north_n side_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o texel_n a_o mile_n and_o half_a on_o the_o north_n corner_n lie_v a_o buoy_z to_o direct_v you_o through_o the_o channel_n where_o you_o will_v have_v 70_o 80_o and_o 90_o fathom_n on_o the_o n.e._n side_n stand_v three_o beacon_n by_o which_o you_o will_v have_v 40_o and_o 50_o fathom_n from_o the_o ness-beacon_n this_o sand_n run_v south_n five_o mile_n to_o the_o uliter-beacon_n from_o which_o it_o run_v west_n to_o repel-beacon_n be_v four_o great_a mile_n from_o which_o it_o run_v n._n n._n w._n four_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a and_o from_o thence_o e.n.e._n three_o mile_n which_o be_v the_o buoy_z beforesaid_a which_o buoy_z lie_v from_o the_o eastermost_a point_n of_o the_o texel_n s.s.e._n a_o mile_n and_o half_a schieringhalls_n
the_o north-east_n end_n be_v the_o go_v up_o the_o weser_n where_o lie_v three_o buoys_n and_o on_o the_o northwest_n end_n stand_v a_o beacon_n the_o hooge_n the_o hooge_n be_v a_o great_a flat_a which_o join_v to_o the_o land_n of_o languarden_n be_v seven_o mile_n in_o breadth_n run_v from_o the_o say_a point_n northwest_o four_o league_n where_o it_o end_v with_o a_o tail_n call_v smits-tayl_n on_o the_o north_n side_n hereof_o lie_v many_o buoys_n which_o be_v the_o weser-channel_n weser_n weser_n and_o in_o this_o side_n be_v many_o swatche_n the_o southground_n the_o southground_n be_v great_a flat_n which_o lie_v in_o all_o alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o reydinger-land_n in_o some_o place_n distant_a from_o the_o shore_n about_o four_o league_n on_o the_o south-west_n side_n of_o it_o go_v up_o the_o weser_n this_o be_v call_v black-ground_n on_o the_o northwest_n side_n call_v witteground_o whereon_o go_v many_o swin_n or_o channel_n viz._n broad-channel_n the_o south_n channel_n of_o wester-till_a the_o north-broad_a channel_n of_o easter-till_a on_o the_o north-side_n call_v new-work-ground_n by_o it_o go_v in_o the_o channel_n call_v the_o elve_n 2._o 〈◊〉_d 2._o where_o lie_v many_o buoys_n to_o direct_v you_o up_o here_o also_o run_v in_o another_o swim_v call_v emder-channel_n lâ—â—derhaevicl_n lâ—â—derhaevicl_n about_o a_o league_n from_o the_o northwest_n point_v hereof_o lie_v a_o small_a sand_n call_v middle-sand_n at_o the_o northwest_n end_n of_o it_o lie_v a_o buoy_z which_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o middle-buoy_n on_o rode-sand_n about_o two_o mile_n between_o which_o go_v in_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o weser_n north-ground_n north-ground_n lie_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o elve_n from_o the_o south_n side_n hereof_o run_v off_o a_o sand_n call_v vogelsand_n west_n five_o league_n into_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o tail_n thereof_o you_o will_v have_v first_o three_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a than_o five_o afterward_o seven_o eight_o nine_o and_o ten_o fathom_n on_o the_o south_n side_n go_v in_o the_o elve_n on_o the_o north_n side_n the_o north-elve_a from_o the_o west_n side_n hereof_o a_o flat_a call_v the_o north-ground_n whereon_o there_o be_v seven_o and_o eight_o fathom_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o this_o sand_n lie_v also_o a_o shoal_n call_v new-ground_n have_v a_o buoy_z at_o the_o west_n end_n of_o it_o between_o the_o north-ground_n and_o the_o shore_n lie_v a_o great_a shoal_n run_v off_o from_o the_o shore_n at_o least_o two_o league_n the_o north-east_n corner_n of_o the_o north-ground_n be_v distant_a from_o busen_n a_o mile_n hodemer-sand_n iseren_n hendrick_n and_o blavoort_n hodemer-sand_n lie_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o north-ground_n between_o which_o go_v a_o small_a channel_n call_v the_o pipe_n on_o the_o east_n side_n there_o be_v another_o small_a channel_n call_v the_o pipe_n go_v into_o the_o elve_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o sand_n stand_v two_o beacon_n on_o the_o north_n side_n hereof_o lie_v a_o sand_n call_v iseren-hendrick_n between_o these_o go_v the_o channel_n call_v the_o north-pipe_n from_o the_o say_v hendrick_n run_v off_o a_o sand_n to_o the_o westward_o call_v blavoort_n bege_v in_o length_n four_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a from_o this_o run_v off_o a_o tail_n west_n 3_o league_n whereon_o there_o be_v two_o and_o three_o fathom_n and_o be_v call_v the_o tail_n of_o the_o plaet_fw-la blavoort_n on_o the_o north_n side_n hereof_o run_v in_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o eyder_n eyâ—â—_n eyâ—â—_n where_o lie_v booy_n to_o direct_v you_o through_o ballast-plaet_a ballast-plaet_a run_v off_o from_o schulper-zill_a into_o the_o eyder-channel_n on_o the_o north-east_n side_n whereof_o stand_v three_o beacon_n from_o whence_o it_o run_v alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o ditmarschen_n until_o you_o come_v to_o busen_v in_o which_o there_o be_v many_o swin_n on_o the_o west_n corner_n stand_v a_o beacon_n and_o on_o the_o northwest_n side_n lie_v three_o buoys_n new-ground_n or_o broad-rug_n new-ground_n be_v a_o sand_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o eyder-channel_n on_o the_o south-west_n side_n whereof_o stand_v four_o beacon_n from_o the_o eastermost_a beacon_n call_v the_o hulk_n to_o the_o westermost_a beacon_n of_o the_o ballast-plaet_a the_o course_n be_v east_n by_o north_n a_o mile_n between_o this_o sand_n and_o the_o shore_n go_v a_o small_a channel_n the_o westermost_a end_n hereof_o be_v call_v broad-rug_n new-ground_n new-ground_n be_v three_o sand_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o eyderland_n not_o above_o three_o cable_n length_n from_o the_o shore_n at_o ebb_n between_o these_o and_o the_o southermost_a go_v a_o channel_n call_v oudeland-deep_a oudeland-deep_a oudeland-deep_a in_o the_o northermost_a be_v a_o small_a island_n call_v utto_n these_o sand_n lie_v off_o in_o the_o sea_n two_o league_n the_o quade_n the_o quade_n be_v a_o sand_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o hever_n distant_a from_o east-hever_n west_n by_o north_n five_o mile_n on_o this_o sand_n stand_v two_o beacon_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o this_o sand_n go_v in_o a_o channel_n south-channel_n south-channel_n call_v south-channel_n east_n three_o mile_n from_o this_o lie_v a_o sand_n with_o two_o other_o beacon_n on_o it_o nuval_n elan_n and_o gorde_n nubal_n elan_n and_o gorde_n be_v break_v ground_n which_o lie_v about_o the_o island_n strant_n from_o which_o there_o run_v out_o shoal_n on_o every_o side_n of_o the_o say_a island_n the_o voren_n the_o voren_n be_v a_o shoal_n which_o encompass_v the_o island_n ameren_n and_o st._n jans_n make_v a_o channel_n between_o they_o and_o strant_n call_v small-deep_a on_o the_o north-cast_a side_n thereof_o run_v another_o small_a channel_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o a_o shoal_n which_o run_v off_o from_o the_o shore_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o which_o run_v up_o a_o channel_n to_o luck-tonderen_a silter-riff_a silters-riff_a run_v off_o from_o the_o south_n point_v of_o the_o island_n silt_n run_v off_o s._n s._n w._n four_o league_n on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o it_o run_v the_o channel_n call_v silter-deep_a silte-deep_a silte-deep_a on_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o island_n lie_v four_o a_o chart_n of_o flanders_n between_o calm_a and_o walcheren_n will_v all_o the_o sand_n and_o shoal_n upon_o that_o coast_n by_o john_n seller_n hydrog_n regiis_fw-la a_o chart_n of_o the_o sands_z channel_n buoy_n beacon_n and_o sea-mark_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n from_o dover_n to_o the_o northwards_o of_o orfordness_n by_o john_n seller_n hydrographer_n to_o the_o king_n sand_n between_o they_o and_o the_o land_n go_v up_o landdeep_a there_o go_v up_o also_o another_o channel_n call_v newdeep_a rust_v and_o the_o land_n be_v on_o one_o side_n and_o the_o maker_n berling-sand_n and_o haefsand_n on_o the_o other_o coersand_n and_o jurt-sand_n this_o sand_n reach_v on_o the_o coast_n from_o ripen_v to_o lutke_n tondo_n run_v off_o so_o far_o until_o it_o encompass_v the_o island_n mann_n and_o rem_fw-la between_o which_o island_n on_o the_o sand_n stand_v a_o beacon_n phann_n knuts_n phanu-knuts_a be_v a_o shoal_n from_o the_o northwest_n head_n of_o phanu_n by_o which_o go_v in_o a_o channel_n call_v graeuwdeep_o on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o which_o channel_n near_o the_o point_n of_o langeleg_n wisdick_n wisdick_n lie_v a_o small_a sand_n call_v wisdycksand_n also_o at_o the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o island_n phanu_n betwixt_o manu_fw-la and_o it_o wherein_o there_o be_v some_o break_a ground_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o this_o sand_n lie_v two_o buoys_n within_o phanu_n on_o the_o shore_n of_o jutland_n from_o ripen_v to_o holm-head_n run_v a_o mile_n from_o the_o shore_n riefhorn_n rief-born_a run_v off_o from_o horn_n from_o whence_o it_o take_v its_o name_n west_n by_o south_n eighteen_o league_n whereon_o you_o have_v three_o four_o and_o five_o fathom_n a_o league_n to_o the_o northward_a of_o it_o lie_v another_o small_a shoal_n seven_o league_n in_o length_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o it_o near_o the_o shore_n lie_v a_o small_a sand_n call_v doelsand_n docl-sand_n docl-sand_n on_o the_o north_n side_n close_a to_o the_o shore_n lie_v another_o small_a shoal_n call_v the_o uyl_n uyl_n uyl_n jutland-riff_a jutland-riff_a be_v a_o great_a shoal_n which_o run_v many_o league_n west_n by_o north_n into_o the_o sea_n whereon_o you_o will_v have_v 10_o 12_o 16_o 18_o 20_o fathom_n etc._n etc._n direction_n for_o sail_v into_o the_o harbour_n and_o channel_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n from_o ameland_n to_o the_o weiling_n show_v the_o mark_n and_o depth_n of_o water_n for_o pilote_v a_o ship_n through_o any_o of_o they_o amelandgat_a two_o league_n to_o the_o eastward_n of_o the_o schelling_n lie_v ameland_n lie_v e._n n._n e._n and_o w._n s._n w._n 4_o great_a league_n upon_o the_o
little_a more_o easterly_a or_o alongst_o the_o texel-side_n in_o eight_o or_o nine_o fathom_n into_o the_o capevaerden-road_n the_o wieringhen_n side_n be_v steep_a the_o slenck_n in_o the_o slenck_n use_v to_o lie_v six_o buoys_n but_o the_o sand_n be_v grow_v now_o so_o high_a that_o they_o have_v stop_v the_o passage_n within_o the_o six_o buoy_z it_o be_v wide_a enough_o to_o sail_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o helder_n e.s.e._n to_o sail_v into_o landdeep_a to_o sail_v out_o at_o the_o landdeep_a run_v alongst_o within_o a_o bow-shot_a of_o the_o footstrand_n of_o huysdown_n and_o about_o by_o the_o head_n and_o you_o shall_v not_o miss_v the_o innermost_a buoy_z lie_a on_o the_o shoal_n near_a the_o west_n shore_n in_o 17_o foot_n at_o high_a and_z 13_o foot_n at_o low-water_n that_o shoaly_a place_n be_v not_o above_o two_o ship_n length_n broad_a over_o it_o and_o also_o within_o it_o be_v deep_a enough_o thwart_v of_o that_o buoy_z shoot_v of_o a_o tail_n from_o the_o shore_n towards_o the_o buoy_z therefore_o run_v close_o alongst_o by_o the_o buoy_z and_o leave_v it_o on_o your_o starboard-side_n in_o sail_v out_o beside_o that_o buoy_z there_o lie_v three_o other_o buoys_n in_o the_o landdeep_a which_o you_o must_v leave_v all_o lie_v to_o seaward_n of_o you_o and_o so_o run_v between_o they_o and_o the_o shore_n when_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o four_o buoy_z you_o be_v pass_v all_o the_o shoal_n and_o you_o may_v sail_v where_o you_o will_n to_o find_v the_o landdeep_a come_v from_o the_o sea_n southwards_o you_o must_v sound_v the_o shoal_n in_o 4_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a and_o run_v so_o by_o the_o shore_n you_o shall_v sail_v right_a with_o the_o outermost_a buoy_z which_o do_v come_v no_o near_o the_o shore_n else_o you_o sail_n within_o the_o tail_n of_o arrian-bergers-creek_n which_o shoot_v off_o from_o the_o shore_n to_o the_o south_n sandhill_n or_o else_o if_o you_o come_v from_o sea_n with_o a_o open_a wind_n then_o keep_v the_o great_a cape_n upon_o huysdown_n over_o dirckâ—oms_n sandhill_n that_o be_v a_o round_a sandhill_n a_o little_a to_o the_o south_n of_o kichdown_n but_o not_o so_o high_a and_o sail_v so_o in_o right_a with_o it_o you_o shall_v then_o meet_v with_o the_o outermost_a bucy_a which_o lie_v at_o low-water_n in_o 4_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a near_o the_o w_a ground_n hakes_n hakes_n or_o the_o hakes_n leave_v it_o on_o the_o larboard-side_n and_o run_v in_o alongst_o to_o the_o eastward_n of_o it_o betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o shore_n it_o lie_v most_o n._n e._n and_o n._n e._n by_o north_n in_o you_o can_v take_v no_o hurt_n on_o either_o side_n if_o you_o take_v heed_n to_o keep_v you_o in_o the_o shore_n thwart_v of_o the_o kichâ—own_n or_o come_v to_o the_o southwards_o of_o it_o you_o must_v edge_n a_o little_a from_o the_o shore_n to_o avoid_v the_o shoal_n which_o lie_v near_o somewhat_o from_o the_o shore_n when_o you_o come_v to_o the_o second_o buoy_n then_o come_v the_o mill_n to_o the_o northwards_o of_o kickdown_n and_o at_o the_o three_o the_o mill_n and_o can-nells-house_n come_v one_o in_o the_o other_o which_o two_o buoy_n lie_v in_o five_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n from_o the_o three_o to_o the_o innermost_a buoy_z it_o be_v n._n e._n by_o east_n run_v close_o alongst_o to_o the_o eastward_a of_o it_o to_o avoid_v the_o foresay_a little_a tail_n of_o sand_n which_o thwart_a of_o it_o lie_v off_o from_o the_o shore_n and_o then_o forth_o within_o a_o bow-shot_a the_o head_n and_o so_o along_o by_o the_o strand_n of_o the_o holder_n to_o sail_v into_o the_o maze_n the_o maze_n be_v at_o present_a a_o wide_a or_o broad_a flat_a have_v little_a change_n of_o depth_n which_o may_v be_v sail_v with_o all_o wind_n when_o the_o wind_n be_v south_n regard_v the_o old_a mark_n mark_n mark_n that_o be_v come_v from_o sea_n before_o you_o see_v the_o cape_n bring_v the_o steeple_n of_o the_o brill_n which_o be_v a_o stumpy_a steeple_n e._n s._n e._n from_o you_o or_o a_o little_a east_n or_o southerly_a after_o you_o have_v get_v the_o cape_n bring_v they_o together_o and_o run_v on_o or_o if_o you_o bring_v the_o brill_n steeple_n a_o hand-spike_n length_n northwards_o of_o the_o tower_n of_o oostveern_n and_o run_v on_o you_o shall_v then_o first_o run_v the_o buoy_n in_o sight_n lie_v in_o three_o fathom_n at_o low-water_n from_o this_o first_o buoy_n we_o sail_n to_o the_o second_o and_o three_o buoy_v right_a upon_o the_o cape_n the_o second_o buoy_n lie_v on_o 13_o and_o the_o three_o upon_o 11_o foot_n be_v there_o the_o steeple_n of_o goeree_n come_v a_o little_a upon_o the_o footstrand_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o brill_n the_o four_o buoy_n lie_v much_o alike_o with_o the_o three_o right_o upon_o the_o cape_n though_o a_o little_a more_o southerly_a between_o these_o buoy_n the_o shallow_a of_o the_o maze_n be_v about_o 10_o foot_n by_o the_o four_o buoy_n it_o begin_v to_o deepen_v with_o a_o common_a low-water_n it_o be_v about_o 11_o foot_n deep_a but_o with_o a_o southerly_a or_o s._n e._n wind_v it_o run_v shallow_a from_o thence_o to_o the_o four_o buoy_n it_o be_v broad_a so_o that_o there_o we_o may_v sail_v in_o a_o reasonable_a depth_n below_o the_o heydick_n or_o innermost_a beacon_n it_o be_v much_o narrow_a the_o five_o buoy_n lie_v distant_a from_o the_o four_o e._n n._n e._n and_o n._n e._n by_o east_n from_o the_o four_o buoy_n to_o the_o five_o southward_o along_o the_o buoy_n in_o the_o right_a channel_n it_o be_v 14_o 15_o 16_o and_o 17_o foot_n deep_a and_o near_o the_o five_o buoy_n five_o fathom_n the_o six_o buoy_n lie_v from_o the_o five_o east_n by_o north_n in_o 12_o foot_n there_o along_o the_o southward_a it_o be_v 5_o and_o 6_o fathom_n deep_a and_o be_v call_v the_o pit_n come_v then_o a_o little_a beyond_o the_o six_o buoy_n so_o come_v maeslant-sluce_n and_o ulaerding-steeple_n together_o keep_v they_o so_o and_o run_v forward_o till_o you_o bring_v the_o old-head_n of_o the_o brill_n in_o the_o new-head_n than_o you_o may_v run_v to_o the_o land_n of_o the_o brill_n and_o so_o alongst_o the_o southwards_o till_o you_o come_v before_o the_o brill_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_v now_o those_o that_o will_v run_v high_o up_o the_o maze_n let_v they_o run_v all_o alongst_o south-wall_n till_o they_o be_v pass_v the_o new_a sluice_n let_v they_o choose_v then_o the_o north_n wall_n from_o the_o east_n end_n of_o râ—â—senburgh_n there_o come_v a_o tail_n off_o which_o you_o may_v undersayl_n come_v westward_n if_o then_o when_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o head_n of_o the_o swartwall_n you_o bring_v north_n the_o brill-steeple_n without_o or_o northwards_o these_o head_n but_o keep_v to_o the_o southwards_o you_o can_v undersayl_n it_o but_o must_v run_v far_o about_o southwards_o old-mase_a old-mase_a full_a eastward_n of_o heenuliet_n run_v the_o old_a maze_n in_o the_o flood_n fall_v there_o very_o hard_a you_o must_v take_v heed_n that_o you_o be_v not_o deceive_v with_o the_o terwasand_n that_o be_v a_o great_a flat_a sand_n lie_v foremost_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o old_a maze_n &_o that_o lie_v a_o great_a way_n dry_a at_o low-water_n and_o stretch_v with_o a_o long_a small_a point_n westward_n into_o the_o maze_n to_o shun_v this_o take_v notice_n of_o a_o bush_n of_o tree_n stand_v on_o the_o south-wall_n a_o little_a eastward_o of_o the_o old_a maze_n keep_v the_o steeple_n of_o rotterdam_n northwards_o of_o that_o bush_n so_o shall_v you_o not_o sail_v over_o that_o tarwesand_n but_o if_o you_o let_v the_o steeple_n come_v southward_a of_o the_o bush_n you_o shall_v sure_o strike_v upon_o the_o aforesaid_a tayl._n northward_o of_o the_o tarwesand_n it_o be_v deep_a upon_o which_o you_o may_v sail_v in_o the_o old_a maze_n even_o to_o dort_n therein_o lie_v also_o 2_o buoy_n he_o that_o will_v run_v upon_o the_o aforesaid_a mark_n of_o rotterdam_n steeple_n and_o the_o bush_n of_o tree_n so_o long_o till_o the_o steeple_n of_o the_o brill_n come_v together_o with_o a_o tilde_z house_n which_o stand_v upon_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o east_n end_n of_o roosenburgh_n and_o keep_v that_o so_o stand_v so_o shall_v he_o not_o miss_v of_o the_o buoy_n be_v past_o the_o old_a maze_n you_o may_v sail_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o water_n beyond_o vlaerding_n till_o you_o come_v to_o the_o five_o sluice_n from_o thence_o you_o must_v choose_v the_o south_n wall_n and_o run_v along_o near_o unto_o it_o till_o you_o come_v over_o a_o small_a sand_n or_o bank_n where_o with_o low-water_n there_o be_v 11_o or_o 11_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a water_n the_o near_a you_o keep_v to_o the_o south_n wall_n so_o much_o the_o deep_a it_o be_v stretch_v across_o
more_o from_o flambrough-head_n to_o newcastle_n the_o course_n be_v northwest_o or_o w.n.w._n but_o if_o you_o keep_v the_o shore_n the_o course_n be_v more_o northerly_a direction_n for_o st._n nicholas-gat_a and_o yarmouth-road_n from_o alborough-bay_n your_o course_n to_o yarmouth-sand_n be_v north_n by_o east_n and_o when_o you_o be_v thwart_v the_o south_n end_n of_o holm-head_n you_o shall_v have_v 17_o or_o 18_o fathom_n water_n which_o be_v direct_o thwart_v of_o leystaff_n and_o be_v past_o that_o you_o may_v borrow_v upon_o the_o sand_n in_o 7_o 8_o or_o 9_o fathom_n water_n until_o you_o have_v bring_v goulston-steeple_n which_o be_v the_o southermost_a steeple_n of_o the_o two_o upon_o the_o north_n peer_n of_o yarmouth_n and_o steer_v with_o those_o mark_v one_o over_o the_o other_o till_o you_o come_v to_o six_o or_o seven_o fathom_n water_n upon_o the_o shore_n and_o then_o bear_v to_o the_o northward_a anchor_n at_o the_o south_n end_n of_o yarmouth_n or_o before_o as_o you_o shall_v think_v convenient_a in_o 6_o 7_o 8_o or_o 9_o fathom_n water_n from_o whence_o if_o you_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o northward_a and_o will_v go_v over_o castorness_n steer_v alongst_o the_o 〈…〉_o in_o 5_o 6_o or_o 7_o 〈…〉_o the_o back_o of_o the_o barber-sand_n 〈◊〉_d you_o have_v bring_v the_o light-house_n one_o over_o another_o cockle_n cockle_n and_o then_o beaâ—_n within_o the_o buoy_z of_o the_o cockle_n borrow_v upon_o the_o main_a in_o 6_o 5_o or_o 4_o fathom_n until_o you_o come_v thwart_v of_o winterton_n and_o that_o depth_n will_v lead_v you_o until_o you_o come_v within_o the_o middleground_n that_o â—â—th_v not_o above_o twelve_o foot_n water_n and_o when_o you_o have_v bring_v winterton_n light-house_n s.s.w._n from_o you_o you_o may_v steer_v oâ—t_a n._n n._n e._n until_o you_o come_v to_o 8_o or_o 9_o fathom_n water_n and_o then_o you_o may_v be_v sure_a you_o be_v without_o the_o ness_n and_o may_v steer_v alongst_o the_o coast_n or_o direct_v your_o course_n as_o you_o have_v the_o wind._n but_o if_o you_o be_v in_o yarmouth_n ride_v with_o a_o ship_n that_o draw_v 17_o or_o 18_o foot_n water_n your_o best_a course_n be_v to_o go_v to_o the_o northward_a between_o the_o cockle_n and_o scroby_n mark_n of_o the_o channel_n be_v as_o follow_v you_o must_v bring_v the_o southermost_a round_a tower_n of_o yarmouth_n to_o bear_v with_o the_o two_o southermost_a windmill_n scrâ—ty_n to_o sail_v between_o the_o cockle_n &_o scrâ—ty_n and_o so_o run_v until_o you_o bring_v the_o say_a tower_n open_a of_o the_o mill_n the_o breadth_n of_o the_o tower_n and_o so_o steer_v into_o the_o northward_a with_o that_o mark_n which_o will_v carry_v you_o out_o between_o the_o two_o sand_n also_o there_o be_v another_o near_a mark_n which_o be_v therefore_o better_a but_o they_o come_v all_o to_o one_o which_o be_v the_o windmill_n that_o stand_v on_o the_o northwest_n part_n of_o the_o town_n a_o little_a sail_n breadth_n to_o the_o westward_a of_o the_o northwest_n tower_n of_o yarmouth_n it_o show_v like_a unto_o a_o dove-house_n this_o mark_n will_v lead_v to_o the_o northwards_o and_o you_o shall_v not_o have_v less_o than_o six_o or_o seven_o fathom_n until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o sea-head_n which_o be_v a_o shoal_n that_o lie_v thwart_v between_o the_o two_o sand_n on_o which_o there_o be_v not_o above_o four_o fathom_n or_o four_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a at_o low-water_n and_o when_o the_o windmill_n come_v one_o upon_o another_o than_o you_o enter_v upon_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o shoal_n which_o will_v continue_v without_o deepn_v or_o shoal_v until_o winterton-church_n and_o the_o light-house_n be_v one_o in_o the_o other_o and_o then_o you_o may_v present_o come_v into_o deep_a water_n and_o may_v steer_v away_o unto_o the_o northward_a northwest_o or_o northwest_n by_o west_n or_o northwest_n by_o north_n and_o this_o course_n shall_v carry_v you_o clear_a within_o the_o rock_n that_o lie_v e.n.e._n and_o w.s.w._n from_o winterton_n on_o which_o you_o shall_v not_o find_v fifteen_o foot_n at_o low-water_n in_o some_o place_n if_o you_o be_v come_v from_o the_o northward_a and_o will_v go_v into_o this_o channel_n follow_v this_o direction_n to_o the_o northwest_n of_o haseborough_n you_o shall_v see_v a_o low_a flat_a church_n keep_v that_o a_o sail_n breadth_n off_o haseborough-cliff_n and_o steer_v direct_o with_o this_o mark_n will_v bring_v you_o into_o the_o channel_n before_o mention_v yarmouth-road_n to_o bring_v you_o into_o yarmouth-road_n and_o to_o know_v the_o right_a church_n when_o it_o be_v open_a and_o shut_v of_o the_o cliff_n of_o haseborough_n be_v this_o when_o haseborough-church_n do_v bear_v northwest_n by_o west_n from_o you_o and_o steer_v away_o southeast_n by_o east_n will_v bring_v you_o into_o the_o mark_n and_o channel_n aforesaid_a and_o within_o all_o the_o over-falls_a that_o lie_v short_a of_o wintertenness_n from_o winterton_n to_o haseborough-point_n the_o course_n be_v northwest_o three_o league_n from_o haseborough_n to_o cromar_n the_o coast_n lie_v northwest_o and_o west_n by_o north_n and_o w.n.w._n 3_o or_o 4_o league_n thus_o show_v the_o land_n between_o winterton_n and_o cromer_n winterton_n mock-beggers-hall_n thus_o show_v the_o land_n to_o the_o northwards_o of_o winterton_n as_o far_o as_o haseborough_n as_o you_o sail_n by_o it_o castor_n haseborrough_n thus_o show_v the_o north_n coast_n of_o england_n betwixt_o yarmouth_n and_o cromer_n when_o you_o sail_n through_o within_o the_o bank_n castor_n winterton_n haseborrough_n cromer_n these_o three_o figure_n belong_v to_o each_o other_o the_o land_n lie_v from_o cromer_n to_o bornham_n first_o w._n n._n w._n and_o west_n by_o north_n and_o then_o west_n and_o west_n by_o south_n nine_o or_o ten_o league_n thwart_v of_o mock-beggars-hall_n not_o far_o from_o the_o shore_n lie_v a_o little_a flat_a where_o no_o ship_n can_v go_v over_o but_o you_o may_v come_v within_o six_o or_o seven_o fathom_n of_o it_o you_o may_v also_o run_v betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o land_n in_o two_o fathom_n water_n to_o sail_v into_o blakney_n from_o cromer_n unto_o blakney_n it_o be_v two_o or_o three_o league_n at_o blakney_n stand_v a_o high_a steeple_n which_o you_o may_v see_v alongst_o far_o over_o the_o land_n when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o little_a steeple_n than_o you_o have_v the_o first_o buoy_n of_o the_o channel_n which_o lie_v at_o the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o pole_n which_o be_v a_o sand_n at_o the_o west_n end_n of_o the_o channel_n of_o blakney_n go_v from_o the_o first_o buoy_z to_o the_o other_o and_o so_o alongst_o by_o they_o until_o you_o come_v within_o the_o haven_n this_o be_v a_o tydehaven_n and_o be_v dry_a at_o low-water_n to_o sail_v into_o wells_n four_o league_n to_o the_o westward_a of_o blakney_n lie_v wells_n betwixt_o they_o both_o the_o aforesaid_a shore_n piper_n pole_n and_o piper_n call_v the_o pole_n and_o piper_n there_o be_v a_o shoal_n that_o lie_v far_o off_o from_o the_o land_n at_o the_o west_n end_n of_o which_o go_v in_o the_o channel_n of_o well_n the_o beacon_n that_o you_o sail_n by_o stand_v all_o alongst_o by_o the_o piper_n when_o hoebrom_n bear_v e._n s._n e._n from_o you_o and_o the_o tree_n against_o the_o steeple_n than_o you_o may_v sail_v open_a into_o the_o haven_n of_o wells_n direction_n for_o lin-deeps_a between_o wintertonness_n and_o the_o spurn-head_n from_o wintertonness_n to_o flamborrough-head_n the_o course_n be_v north-west_n and_o northwest_n by_o north_n as_o the_o wind_n be_v in_o which_o course_n when_o you_o come_v to_o the_o well_o which_o be_v near_o about_o blakney_n s.s.w._n and_o south-west_n by_o south_n from_o you_o there_o you_o have_v divers_a overfall_n upon_o some_o of_o they_o there_o be_v not_o above_o 13_o or_o 14_o foot_n at_o low-water_n and_o be_v very_o short_a knowl_n many_o man_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v land_n grow_v up_o about_o some_o vessel_n that_o have_v be_v sink_v as_o they_o be_v come_v from_o newcastle_n in_o queen_n elizabeth_n day_n and_o since_o so_o that_o it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a for_o a_o ship_n that_o draw_v 16_o or_o 17_o foot_n water_n to_o go_v through_o the_o well_o for_o no_o man_n can_v shape_v a_o course_n to_o be_v certain_a to_o go_v through_o the_o well_o escape_v the_o overfall_n they_o be_v so_o many_o and_o lie_v so_o scatter_v in_o your_o course_n between_o flamborrough_n and_o winterton_n but_o in_o your_o w._n n._n w._n and_o e._n s._n e._n course_n between_o the_o spurn_n and_o norfolk-coast_n there_o be_v no_o fear_n of_o overfall_n for_o in_o that_o course_n you_o shall_v have_v eight_o or_o ten_o fathom_n a_o certain_a depth_n for_o three_o or_o four_o league_n together_o between_o well_n and_o bornham_n there_o lie_v a_o bank_n you_o may_v ride_v under_o it_o in_o
fall_v three_o foot_n a_o east_n and_o west_n moon_n make_v in_o boston-deep_a the_o highest-water_n but_o before_o the_o town_n a_o east_n by_o south_n and_o a_o e.s.e._n moon_n to_o sail_v out_o of_o the_o deep_a he_o that_o come_v from_o boston_n and_o will_v sail_v out_o through_o the_o deep_a with_o a_o high-water_n let_v he_o look_v out_o for_o the_o aforesaid_a high_a island_n within_o legerness_n when_o that_o come_v behind_o legerness_n than_o he_o may_v bold_o set_v his_o course_n whither_o he_o intend_v either_o to_o the_o eastward_o northeastward_a or_o northward_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o can_v hurt_v you_o from_o legerness_n to_o humber_n be_v about_o seven_o league_n north_n and_o south_n between_o they_o about_o a_o league_n to_o the_o southward_a of_o humber_n lie_v a_o place_n call_v salt-fleet-haven_n a_o little_a to_o the_o northward_a of_o a_o sharp_a steeple_n call_v wilgrip-steeple_n thwart_v of_o the_o aforesaid_a salt-fleet-haven_n about_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o shore_n lie_v a_o sand_n which_o at_o low-water_n fall_v almost_o dry_a you_o must_v run_v without_o it_o and_o leave_v it_o towards_o the_o land_n yet_o upon_o occasion_n you_o may_v venture_v to_o sail_v within_o it_o direction_n to_o sail_n into_o humber_n and_o so_o to_o hull_n if_o you_o will_v go_v into_o humber_n come_v from_o the_o northward_a be_v sure_a to_o keep_v so_o far_o off_o the_o spurn_n shore_n as_o that_o you_o may_v be_v in_o six_o or_o seven_o fathom_n water_n and_o that_o depth_n will_v lead_v you_o without_o the_o stone-bank_n that_o lie_v a_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o land_n and_o when_o you_o be_v so_o far_o that_o you_o have_v bring_v patrington_n church_n up_o to_o the_o spurn_n then_o must_v you_o bear_v in_o west_n and_o west_n by_o north_n and_o w.n.w._n this_o church_n stand_v up_o in_o the_o bay_n to_o the_o n._n n._n w._n of_o the_o spurn_n have_v a_o high_a spire_n steeple_n be_v within_o the_o spurn_n you_o may_v edge_n into_o the_o northward_a and_o ride_v very_o well_o with_o a_o north-east_n or_o e.n.e._n wind_n or_o steer_v west_n by_o north_n towards_o the_o buoy_n of_o the_o sand_n call_v the_o bull_n in_o seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n water_n bull._n bull._n the_o thwart_a mark_n of_o the_o say_a buoy_n be_v a_o house_n upon_o the_o west_n end_n of_o the_o cliff_n of_o clayness_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o grimsby-road_n and_o anchor_v a_o little_a below_o the_o beacon_n grimsby-road_n grimsby-road_n a_o chart_n of_o the_o north_n sea_n by_o john_n seller_n hydrographer_n to_o the_o king_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o his_o shop_n at_o the_o hermitage_n in_o wapping_n the_o river_n of_o humber_n describe_v by_o john_n seller_n hydrographer_n to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n the_o river_n of_o tyne_n describe_v by_o john_n seller_n hydrographer_n to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n cum_fw-la privilegio_fw-la to_o sail_v into_o humber_n come_v from_o the_o southward_n if_o you_o be_v bind_v into_o humber_n come_v from_o the_o southward_a then_o you_o must_v keep_v patrington_n spite_n steeple_n open_v a_o sail_n breadth_n off_o the_o point_n of_o the_o spurn_n and_o steer_v in_o with_o that_o mark_n until_o you_o come_v to_o burcum-beacon_n sonk_z sonk_z your_o course_n up_o towards_o hull_n be_v n._n n._n w._n or_o you_o may_v borrow_v off_o and_o on_o upon_o the_o sonk_z which_o be_v a_o sand_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n almost_o as_o far_o down_o as_o the_o spurn_n in_o four_o or_o five_o fathom_n water_n according_a as_o the_o tide_n be_v in_o height_n but_o between_o the_o sonk_z and_o the_o southward_n there_o lie_v many_o bank_n and_o over-falls_a but_o of_o a_o fathom_n or_o a_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a water_n there_o be_v shoal_n and_o silver-pit_n in_o the_o channel_n one_o of_o they_o be_v very_o dangerous_a which_o lie_v thwart_v the_o buoy_n of_o the_o bull_n bull._n bull._n a_o little_a short_a of_o that_o and_o burcum-beacon_n on_o which_o bank_n or_o middleground_n a_o newcastle_n ship_n be_v lose_v that_o draw_v not_o above_o thirteen_o foot_n water_n therefore_o to_o avoid_v this_o be_v careful_a to_o keep_v the_o southside_n but_o above_o burcum-beacon_n there_o lie_v two_o or_o three_o over-falls_a a_o good_a way_n off_o from_o the_o shore_n if_o you_o come_v up_o so_o far_o as_o to_o bring_v paul_n tower_n open_a of_o the_o red_a cliff_n to_o the_o castward_n than_o you_o be_v clear_a or_o about_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o sonk_z than_o you_o may_v steer_v right_o over_o with_o the_o town_n of_o paul_n and_o anchor_n there_o if_o you_o please_v near_o the_o town_n but_o there_o run_v a_o great_a tide_n when_o you_o come_v almost_o the_o length_n of_o the_o foul_a holms_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o humber_n a_o little_a below_o paul_n high_a cliff_n there_o be_v a_o church_n which_o on_o the_o north_n side_n also_o you_o will_v see_v also_o you_o will_v see_v it_o a_o little_a open_a to_o the_o eastward_a of_o a_o little_a wood_n and_o when_o you_o bring_v it_o within_o the_o east_n of_o the_o wood_n you_o be_v then_o in_o the_o narrow_a right_a thwart_n of_o they_o then_o run_v up_o w.n.w._n until_o you_o bring_v the_o town_n of_o paul_n just_a open_a of_o the_o high_a cliff_n than_o you_o may_v sail_v over_o to_o the_o southward_a until_o you_o bring_v the_o hall_n which_o have_v a_o right_a white_a top_n right_a over_o the_o south_n block-house_n and_o with_o these_o mark_v you_o may_v run_v almost_o against_o the_o town_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_v in_o five_o or_o six_o fathom_n water_n a_o table_n of_o sounding_n and_o depth_n from_o the_o north-foreland_n to_o the_o northwards_o the_o name_n of_o the_o headland_n how_o these_o part_n bear_v from_o you_o league_n fathom_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o ground_n north-foreland_n west_n half_o a_o point_n southerly_a 5_o 27_o gravel_n black_a peppery_n sand._n north-foreland_n north-west_n the_o goodwin_n n._n head_n dry_v 1_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a 3_o 30_o brown_a sand_n the_o north-head_n of_o the_o goodwin_n bear_v from_o you_o w.n.w._n a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a and_o some_o of_o the_o sand_n within_o two_o three_o of_o a_o mile_n red_a owsie_a sand_n blow_v sand_n then_o will_v the_o north_n with_o the_o south-poreland_a bear_v south-west_n from_o you_o  _fw-fr if_o n._n w._n by_o w._n 3_o 31_o  _fw-fr north-foreland_n west_n by_o north_n or_o west_n by_o south_n 7_o 23_o one_o cast_v fine_a sand_n another_o sh_o ground_n and_o stand_v thwart_o the_o channel_n near_o thereabouts_o you_o will_v find_v bank_n in_o 16_o fathom_n fine_a sand_n and_o between_o they_o 24_o fathom_n groster_v ground_n north-foreland_n w._n s._n w._n 5_o 23_o small_a sh_o sand_n most_o part_n of_o it_o  _fw-fr w._n s._n w._n 8_o 28_o black_a sh_o ground_a no_z sand._n north-foreland_n s._n w._n by_o w._n 12_o 33_o no_o sand_n but_o sometime_o small_a perwinkle_n  _fw-fr s._n w._n by_o w._n 9_o 30_o the_o same_o ground_n be_v above_o in_o 33_o fathom_n north-foreland_n s._n w._n westerly_n 10_o 31_o stremy_n ground_n blow_a sand_n and_o some_o shell_n  _fw-fr s._n w._n westerly_n 8_o 28_o sh_o ground_n with_o small_a black_a sand._n north-foreland_n s._n w._n ½_n south_n 8_o 18_o stony_a gross_a ground_n not_o far_o from_o the_o knock._n  _fw-fr s._n w._n by_o s._n 7_o 19_o sh_o ground_n as_o big_a as_o bean_n n._n foreland_n and_o the_o nase-land_n s.w._n by_o s._n southerly_a 9_o 14_o dirty_a soft_a ground_n which_o be_v a_o league_n to_o the_o northwards_o of_o the_o long_a sand-head_n  _fw-fr s.w._n by_o s._n southerly_a 9_o 14_o  _fw-fr orfordness_n n._n n._n w._n 5_o or_o 6_o 23_o dirty_a clay_n thick_a owsie_a black_a at_o both_o these_o distance_n 5_o and_o 6_o league_n off_o sh_o grind_v  _fw-fr n._n w._n by_o w._n 11_o 28_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr w._n n._n w._n 10_o or_o 11_o 27_o 29_o sh_o ground_n with_o some_o sand._n orfordness_n west_n by_o north._n 11_o 29_o fine_a red_a gravelly_a sand_n small_a shell_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 8_o 24_o fine_a peppery_a black_a sand_n and_o some_o shell_n  _fw-fr west_n by_o south_n 10_o 28_o red_a gravelly_a sand._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 7_o 25_o sh_o small_a stone_n and_o some_o shell_n leystaff_n west_n 29_o 30_o fine_a white_a and_o black_a sand._n  _fw-fr west_n southerly_a 2½_n 18_o gross_a ground_n and_o stone_n as_o big_a as_o bean_n yarmouth_n west_n 8_o 29_o fine_a white_a sand._n winterton_n west_n 8_o 28_o fine_a white_a sand_n and_o some_o cast_v soft_a owse_n what_o moon_n make_v high-water_n at_o any_o of_o these_o place_n at_o the_o north-foreland_n a_o north_n and_o south_n moon_n make_v high_a water_n within_o the_o thames_n a_o south_n by_o east_n moon_n make_v high-water_n before_o the_o thames_n
in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n there_o be_v best_a lie_v for_o ship_n that_o draw_v much_o water_n four_o league_n south-west_n by_o south_n from_o foy_n lie_v a_o point_n call_v dead-mans-head_n dead-mans-head_n dead-mans-head_n and_o two_o league_n to_o the_o westward_a of_o it_o lie_v the_o haven_n of_o falmouth_n dead-mans-head_n be_v a_o double_a land_n with_o a_o round_a hill_n which_o to_o the_o westward_n go_v slope_v down_o towards_o the_o west_n end_n stand_v a_o mill_n a_o sharp_a spire_n steeple_n and_o some_o little_a house_n upon_o the_o lead_n a_o little_a to_o the_o westward_a of_o it_o you_o may_v see_v pendennis-castle_n upon_o a_o round_a hommock_n on_o the_o high-land_n this_o land_n be_v easy_a to_o be_v know_v when_o you_o come_v from_o the_o west_n or_o from_o the_o lizard_n upon_o the_o west_n point_v of_o the_o haven_n of_o falmouth_n falmouth_n falmouth_n stand_v a_o castle_n upon_o the_o high-land_n call_v pendennis_n in_o the_o entry_n near_a the_o say_a west_n side_n lie_v a_o great_a rock_n above-water_n you_o may_v sail_v in_o on_o either_o side_n of_o it_o at_o the_o inner_a side_n of_o the_o east_n point_v lie_v also_o some_o rock_n off_o the_o shore_n on_o the_o east_n side_n be_v deep_a water_n and_o most_o room_n in_o go_v in_o therefore_o give_v the_o east_n point_v a_o large_a birth_n you_o will_v have_v seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n castle_n st._n maud_v castle_n keep_v by_o the_o say_a shore_n until_o you_o come_v within_o st._n mandes_n castle_n when_o it_o be_v east_n from_o you_o you_o will_v have_v sixteen_o or_o seventeen_o fathom_n but_o half_o the_o harbour_n over_o towards_o smithick_n be_v but_o four_o or_o five_o fathom_n observe_v in_o your_o go_n in_o to_o keep_v the_o manacle_n open_a and_o shut_v on_o the_o point_n of_o falmouth-castle_n and_o so_o must_v you_o keep_v it_o till_o you_o shut_v the_o church_n over_o penny-comquick_a into_o the_o north-east_n end_n of_o the_o smithick_n and_o so_o may_v you_o bear_v over_o to_o st._n maudes_n and_o ride_v with_o the_o castle_n east_n lay_v one_o anchor_n in_o eighteen_o fathom_n and_o the_o westermost_a anchor_n in_o four_o fathom_n as_o you_o see_v conveniency_n for_o to_o sail_v to_o the_o westward_n of_o the_o foresay_a great_a rock_n you_o must_v take_v the_o sounding_n of_o the_o west-land_n which_o the_o castle_n stand_v upon_o in_o five_o or_o six_o fathom_n be_v somewhat_o within_o the_o rock_n run_v towards_o the_o west-land_n to_o the_o westward_n of_o the_o rock_n in_o the_o channel_n be_v six_o and_o seven_o fathom_n at_o half-flood_n but_o in_o the_o channel_n to_o the_o eastward_n of_o the_o rock_n seven_o and_o eight_o fathom_n as_o be_v before_o mention_v if_o when_o you_o come_v before_o st._n maudes_n castle_n you_o will_v go_v into_o mildrid-pool_n mildrod-pool_n mildrod-pool_n you_o must_v steer_v over_o into_o four_o or_o five_o fathom_n on_o the_o west_n side_n till_o you_o shut_v the_o point_n of_o the_o manacle_n into_o the_o castle_n and_o open_v it_o not_o for_o fear_v of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o maze_n on_o the_o east_n side_n until_o you_o shut_v penny-comquick_a into_o the_o east_n point_v of_o smithick_n and_o then_o steer_v on_o the_o east_n side_n into_o twelve_o or_o thirteen_o fathom_n against_o the_o middle_a hedge_n end_n on_o the_o east_n point_v of_o mildred-pool_n for_o than_o you_o shall_v have_v shoal_n water_n but_o the_o low_o down_o the_o deep_a note_v that_o moagan_a church_n which_o be_v above_o penny-comquick_a be_v enter_v on_o the_o southermost_a house_n of_o the_o say_a town_n then_o be_v you_o near_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o maze_n four_o league_n south_n by_o west_n from_o falmouth_n lie_v the_o east_n point_v of_o the_o lizard_n betwixt_o they_o lie_v a_o haven_n call_v helford_n which_o ship_n do_v little_a frequent_a at_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o haven_n lie_v a_o steep_a point_n and_o on_o the_o north_n side_n a_o low_a sharp_a point_n within_o the_o haven_n on_o the_o south_n side_n stand_v a_o gentleman_n house_n beneath_o at_o the_o strand_n and_o upon_o the_o hill_n stand_v tree_n you_o must_v keep_v these_o one_o in_o the_o other_o and_o run_v so_o amid_o the_o channel_n into_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o haven_n on_o the_o north_n side_n stand_v also_o two_o or_o three_o tree_n when_o these_o come_v a_o ship_n length_n to_o the_o westward_a of_o a_o little_a house_n that_o stand_v in_o a_o white_a sandy_a bay_n thereupon_o you_o may_v sail_v in_o also_o amid_o the_o channel_n which_o be_v a_o short_a inlet_n be_v come_v within_o you_o may_v anchor_v in_o 6_o or_o 7_o fathom_n upon_o the_o south_n side_n stand_v also_o a_o sharp_a tower_n and_o on_o the_o north_n side_n a_o little_a castle_n on_o the_o steep_a land_n to_o sail_v into_o mounts-bay_n if_o you_o be_v come_v out_o of_o falmouth_n bind_v to_o the_o westward_a as_o into_o mounts-bay_n with_o a_o easterly_a wind_n be_v not_o covetous_a of_o keep_v too_o near_o the_o lizard_n shore_n especial_o at_o the_o manacle_n for_o there_o be_v sink_v rock_n without_o the_o manacle_n to_o avoid_v which_o open_v the_o land_n short_a of_o they_o you_o shall_v see_v a_o spire_n steeple_n call_v st._n keveren_n be_v sure_a therefore_o to_o keep_v so_o far_o off_o the_o shore_n that_o you_o may_v see_v all_o the_o spire_n of_o the_o say_a steeple_n above_o the_o land_n and_o so_o shall_v you_o go_v without_o they_o clear_a of_o danger_n until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o lizard_n point_n from_o whence_o there_o lie_v a_o ledge_n of_o rock_n which_o all_o show_v themselves_o at_o low-water_n a_o description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o england_n 〈…〉_o new_o correct_v by_o john_n seller_n 〈…〉_o a_o chart_n of_o the_o west_n part_n of_o england_n from_o portland_n to_o silly_n describe_v all_o the_o roads_n havens_n and_o harbour_n with_o all_o the_o sand_n depth_n and_o sounding_n along_o the_o coast_n new_o correct_v by_o john_n seller_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o his_o shop_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o marrinors_n compass_n at_o the_o hermitage_n stair_n in_o wapping_n for_o to_o sail_v into_o mounts-bay_n come_v from_o the_o landsend_n or_o the_o lizard_n the_o ground_n be_v very_o clear_a all_o over_o and_o fine_a sand_n until_o you_o come_v within_o a_o mile_n of_o the_o shore_n between_o 20_o and_o 23_o fathom_n to_o ride_v at_o anchor_n in_o guavas-lake_n you_o must_v be_v so_o far_o to_o the_o westward_o as_o that_o you_o have_v the_o steeple_n of_o paul_n to_o bear_v from_o you_o w._n n._n w._n but_o if_o be_v far_o to_o the_o eastward_a that_o the_o say_a church_n do_v stand_v n._n w._n by_o north_n somewhat_o westerly_a from_o you_o than_o you_o have_v no_o clear_a ground_n be_v near_o the_o west-land_n run_v in_o from_o st._n clements-island_n which_o lie_v before_o the_o town_n of_o mousehole_n for_o it_o be_v very_o clear_a ground_n than_o the_o castle_n will_v be_v on_o the_o starboard_n side_n a_o great_a way_n distant_a which_o castle_n be_v foul_a round_o about_o be_v come_v within_o st._n clements-island_n you_o shall_v see_v within_o it_o a_o great_a sandy_a bay_n anchor_n there_o in_o seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n southeast_n and_o e.s.e._n wind_n do_v blow_v there_o right_o open_a in_o for_o all_o other_o wind_n you_o lie_v there_o land-lockt_a four_o league_n to_o the_o westward_a of_o mounts-bay_n lie_v the_o landsend_n of_o england_n which_o lie_v from_o the_o lizard_n w.n.w._n distant_a 9_o or_o 10_o league_n direction_n to_o sail_n into_o silly_n silly_a be_v divide_v into_o divers_a island_n alongst_o the_o west_n side_n lie_v a_o great_a multitude_n of_o rock_n you_o may_v go_v in_o there_o through_o divers_a channel_n or_o sound_n but_o the_o southermost_a maries-sound_a st._n maries-sound_a call_v st._n maries-sound_n be_v the_o best_a be_v a_o fair_a open_n of_o a_o channel_n but_o near_o the_o midst_n lie_v two_o sink_a rock_n in_o soul_n weather_n you_o may_v see_v the_o sea_n break_v over_o they_o it_o be_v best_o to_o leave_v they_o on_o the_o larboard-side_n go_v in_o and_o on_o the_o starboard-side_n come_v out_o and_o go_v so_o near_o the_o starboard-shore_n as_o that_o you_o may_v but_o see_v the_o wind-mill-sweeps_a which_o stand_v on_o the_o hill_n or_o that_o you_o may_v almost_o throw_v a_o stone_n ashore_o and_o when_o you_o come_v within_o the_o point_n luff_o up_o round_n and_o come_v to_o anchor_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o house_n or_o when_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o town_n open_a of_o the_o valley_n leave_v two_o three_o of_o the_o harbour_n on_o your_o larboard-side_n thwart_v of_o smiths-island_n lie_v a_o ledge_n of_o rock_n call_v bartholomen-ledge_n rock_n a_o ledge_n of_o rock_n when_o you_o come_v to_o the_o block-house_n that_o stand_v on_o the_o waterside_n
n._n w._n 5_o 45_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr grace_n sand_n like_o the_o flower_n of_o oatmeal_n  _fw-fr n._n w._n 3_o 43_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr mashey_n shell_n and_o some_o stone_n lizard_n w._n by_o n._n 4_o â—_o 40_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr white_a mashey_n shell_n and_o white_a stone_n lizard_n w._n n._n w._n between_o 3_o &_o 4_o 45_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr small_a sh_o stone_n and_o mashey_n brown_a shell_n lizard_n w._n by_o s._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr falmouth_n n._n w._n by_o n._n 30_o 41_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr black_a gravelly_a ground_n with_o some_o small_a stone_n manacle_n w._n n._n w._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr deadman_n n._n w._n by_o n._n 30_o 37_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr small_a reddish_a gravel_n some_o small_a shell_n with_o small_a stone_n rambead_n north._n 10_o 46_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr like_o the_o dust_n of_o a_o grindstone_n with_o many_o hakes_n tooth_n and_o some_o shell_n  _fw-fr north._n 1_o mile_n 35_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr dirty_a brown_a sand_n and_o some_o hakes_n tooth_n edystone_n west_n 2_o mile_n 34_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr dirty_a brown_a sand._n  _fw-fr south_n 1_o mile_n 26_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr fine_a sand_n and_o within_o this_o 28_o and_o 30_o fathom_n deadman_n n._n e._n by_o n._n 5_o 43_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr fine_a gray_a sand._n  _fw-fr n._n n._n e._n 3_o 30_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr fish_v ground_n the_o offermost_a ground_n as_o above_o say_v but_o the_o two_o nethermost_a sounding_n black_a and_o sh_o stone_n and_o gravel_n lonland_n north._n 5_o mile_n 27_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr north._n â—_o mile_n 18_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr between_o bolt_n and_o salcome_o one_o mile_n thwart_v off_o  _fw-fr 26_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sh_o grind_v with_o some_o shell_n  _fw-fr n._n by_o e._n northerly_a 8_o â—_o 40_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr like_o the_o dust_n of_o a_o grindstone_n with_o hakes_n tooth_n and_o shell_n and_o fine_a white_a sand._n start_n n._n w._n westerly_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr n._n w._n by_o w._n 4_o â—_o 43_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr start_n n._n w._n by_o n._n 3_o 38_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gravelly_a sand_n small_a stone_n and_o some_o shell_n  _fw-fr n._n w._n westerly_a 12_o 38_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr reddish_n shell_n mesh_v as_o if_o beat_v in_o a_o mortar_n fine_a white_a sand_n scollop_n shell_n and_o small_a stone_n  _fw-fr n._n w._n by_o w._n 14_o 42_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr berry_n n._n by_o w._n 3_o 27_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr fine_a black_a peppery_n sand._n  _fw-fr n._n w._n by_o n._n 4_o 35_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr portland_n n._n e._n by_o e._n 8_o 35_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr small_a sh_o stone_n as_o big_a as_o pease_n  _fw-fr north._n 8_o 40_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr stremy_n ground_n small_a stone_n  _fw-fr n._n by_o e._n 5_o ½_n 33_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr with_o some_o black_a sand._n portland_n n._n e._n by_o n._n 11_o 41_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr fine_a sand_n and_o scollop_n shell_n  _fw-fr n._n n._n e._n 8_o 40_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr fine_a sand_n scollop_n shell_n and_o small_a sh_o stone_n gaâ—nsey_n s._n e._n by_o e._n 5_o 42_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sh_o stone_n as_o big_a as_o pease_n casket_n south_n 6_o 40_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sh_o stone_n and_o scollop_n shell_n st._n albton_n n._n by_o e._n 5_o 28_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr stony_n ground_n dent_n in_o the_o tallow_n and_o nothing_o come_v up_o but_o brown_a sand_n that_o will_v crumble_v between_o your_o finger_n  _fw-fr n._n by_o w._n 4_o 27_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr portland_n n._n e._n by_o e._n 2_o 27_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sh_o grind_v  _fw-fr w._n n._n w._n 2_o 20_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr small_a stone_n needle_n n._n e._n by_o e._n 2_o 17_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr great_a sh_o ground_a  _fw-fr n._n e._n casterly_a 2_o ½_n 19_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr small_a sh_o ground_a  _fw-fr n._n e._n 2_o 13_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr rocky_a ground_n the_o body_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n donnose_n needles_n n._n by_o w._n 3_o 20_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr e._n by_o n._n 4_o 21_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr all_o the_o ground_n from_o st._n albion_n to_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o wight_n be_v chalky_a it_o will_v make_v dent_n in_o the_o tallow_n and_o nothing_o come_v up_o but_o blow_a sand_n in_o roll_z which_o will_v crumble_v in_o your_o finger_n  _fw-fr n._n by_o e._n 3_o 18_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr north._n 3_o 18_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr n._n by_o w._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr donnose_n w._n by_o s._n 4_o 16_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sand_n and_o gravel_n a_o kind_n of_o fishing-ground_n rough_a ground_n &_o some_o big_a stone_n take_v notice_n that_o the_o sand_n &_o gravel_n be_v for_o 21_o fathom_v  _fw-fr west_n 4_o 21_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr donnose_n w._n n._n w._n 8_o 33_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr fish_v ground_n somewhat_o red_a with_o some_o stone_n as_o big_a as_o pease_n and_o some_o as_o bean_n  _fw-fr w._n by_o n._n 6_o 26_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr arundel_n n._n by_o w._n 3_o ½_n 16_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gravelly_a ground_n beachy_a n._n e._n 5_o 38_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gravel_n and_o sh_o stony_a ground_n like_o blue_a slate_n break_v in_o piece_n  _fw-fr n._n f_o 4_o 32_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr beachy_a e._n by_o n._n 4_o 31_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gravelly_a sh_o small_a ground_n beachy_a n._n n._n e._n 3_o 30_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gravelly_a sand._n  _fw-fr north._n 3_o 33_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gravelly_a mix_v with_o black_a sand._n  _fw-fr n._n by_o w._n 3_o 23_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gravelly_a sand_n with_o some_o small_a stone_n beachy_a e._n by_o n._n  _fw-fr 15_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gravelly_a ground_n arundel_n north._n  _fw-fr 15_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr e._n northerly_a  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr beachy_a and_o sboram_n 8_o 17_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gravelly_a sand._n  _fw-fr n._n by_o e._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr beachy_a n._n w._n by_o w._n 4_o 21_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gross_n black_a stone_n fairlee_n n._n by_o e._n 3_o 20_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gravelly_a sand_n with_o some_o shell_n  _fw-fr northerly_a 4_o 27_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr red_a sh_o sand_n with_o some_o shell_n fairlee_n n._n n._n w._n 4_o 20_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr fine_a fish_n ground_n and_o sometime_o you_o shall_v have_v five_o finger_n stick_v on_o the_o tallow_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 3_o 16_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr fairlee_n n._n by_o w._n 8_o 10_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gravelly_a sand_n upon_o a_o bank_n call_v the_o sow_n our_o fisherman_n fish_n near_o it_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 12_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr fairlee_n n._n w._n 3_o 17_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gravelly_a sand_n with_o small_a sh_o stone_n fairlee_n n._n w._n westerly_a 3_o ½_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr soft_a owsie_a ground_n not_o to_o be_v perceive_v and_o nothing_o upon_o the_o tallow_n but_o their_o sound_a be_v but_o one_o place_n not_o above_o 2_o cast_v dungeness_n n._n by_o w._n 2_o ½_n 17_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr dungeness_n n._n by_o e._n 1_o mile_n 18_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sh_o ground_n with_o small_a stone_n and_o some_o time_n small_a shell_n among_o it_o  _fw-fr n._n by_o w._n 2_o mile_n 21_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr dungeness_n n._n w._n 2_o ½_n 22_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr very_o fine_a white_a sand._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 3_o 23_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr blackness_n  _fw-fr 2_o 28_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr stony_n ground_n calice-cliff_n east_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr rough_a ground_n balloin_n e._n by_o s._n 2_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o same_o ground_n staples_n e._n by_o n._n 3_o 27_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr fine_a sand._n  _fw-fr and_n east_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr flat_n e._n by_o s._n 4_o 29_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr slate_n and_o fine_a sand._n  _fw-fr e._n s._n e._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr free-port_n s._n e._n 2_o ½_n 16_o or_o 18_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr stony_n ground_n  _fw-fr s._n e._n by_o e._n 3_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr deep_a between_o  _fw-fr 14_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr great_a stone_n  _fw-fr s._n e._n 4_o 15_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr s._n e._n by_o e._n  _fw-fr 16_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr a_o description_n of_o the_o bank_n sands_n shoal_n and_o danger_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o flanders_n zealand_n holland_n friezland_n etc._n etc._n from_o calais_n to_o the_o river_n elve_n blackness_n about_o a_o great_a league_n to_o the_o westward_n of_o calice-cliff_n lie_v blackness_n be_v a_o foul_a out-point_n and_o to_o the_o southward_a alought_v the_o shore_n there_o lie_v many_o rock_n and_o foul_a ground_n new-land_n the_o new-land_n be_v a_o bank_n that_o lie_v alongst_o the_o shore_n to_o the_o westward_n of_o the_o haven_n of_o gravel_v and_o run_v far_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o reach_v westward_o unto_o calais_n you_o may_v run_v alongst_o by_o it_o or_o over_o it_o in_o 5_o 4_o and_z 3_o fathom_n at_o pleasure_n a_o bank_n thwart_v from_o the_o w_a head_n of_o calais_n lie_v
eight_o fathom_n for_o the_o spit_n of_o fairness_n lie_v far_o out_o but_o that_o depth_n fairness_n fairness_n or_o keep_v of_o margot_n church_n a_o man_n height_n above_o the_o land_n will_v carry_v you_o clear_a of_o it_o when_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o south-foreland_n and_o the_o land_n of_o the_o down_n open_a then_o if_o the_o wind_n be_v westerly_a down_n mark_v to_o come_v into_o the_o down_n you_o may_v steer_v to_o the_o southwards_o alongst_o the_o shore_n in_o 5_o 6_o or_o 7_o fathom_n as_o you_o have_v the_o tide_n under_o you_o or_o your_o draught_n of_o water_n for_o you_o shall_v find_v divers_a bank_n or_o overfall_n where_o you_o shall_v sudden_o shoal_n a_o fathom_n sometime_o more_o and_o then_o deep_o again_o there_o be_v one_o that_o lie_v in_o the_o stream_n of_o five_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a at_o low-water_n on_o the_o which_o there_o be_v not_o above_o twenty_o foot_n this_o lie_v something_o to_o the_o northwards_o of_o broad-stairs-peer_n and_o likewise_o something_o to_o the_o southward_a of_o broad-stair_n there_o lie_v another_o in_o the_o stream_n of_o four_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a at_o low-water_n whereon_o there_o be_v not_o above_o fourteen_o foot_n also_o to_o the_o southward_a of_o that_o right_a against_o a_o green_a patch_n that_o show_v on_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o chalk-cliff_n as_o if_o it_o be_v stain_v with_o green_n there_o be_v another_o on_o which_o there_o be_v not_o above_o ten_o foot_n at_o low-water_n these_o you_o must_v be_v careful_a to_o shun_v if_o there_o be_v any_o strong_a tide_n they_o show_v themselves_o by_o the_o waste_n of_o the_o water_n as_o a_o overfal_n do_v and_o where_o it_o be_v smooth_a there_o it_o be_v shoal_a this_o sand_n be_v call_v the_o coleburn_n when_o you_o be_v so_o far_o to_o the_o southward_a that_o you_o can_v see_v the_o red_a tile_v house_n of_o ramsgate_n open_a of_o the_o cliff_n than_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o this_o shoal_n there_o be_v another_o shoal_n to_o the_o southwards_o of_o this_o brake_n mark_v of_o the_o brake_n which_o some_o man_n call_v the_o quern_n the_o thwart_a mark_n for_o the_o north-head_n of_o the_o brake_n be_v st._n laurence_n church_n which_o stand_v above_o ramsgate_n upon_o the_o north_n cliff_n of_o ramsgate_n one_o sail_n breadth_n and_o the_o quern_n lie_v n.n.w._n from_o that_o a_o good_a birth_n with_o the_o say_a church_n two_o ship_n length_n or_o more_o upon_o the_o say_a cliff_n so_o that_o when_o you_o come_v to_o have_v the_o church_n but_o a_o ship_n length_n upon_o the_o cliff_n then_o if_o you_o will_v come_v into_o the_o inner_a channel_n you_o must_v sail_v in_o to_o the_o shore_n by_o your_o lead_n if_o it_o be_v thick_a weather_n that_o you_o can_v see_v your_o leading-mark_a viz._n st._n margaret_n church_n upon_o the_o south-foreland_n right_a over_o a_o chalk-pit_n that_o show_v white_a almost_o midway_n between_o waymor-castle_n and_o deal-castle_n or_o the_o say_a church_n two_o sail_n breadth_n without_o deal-castle_n and_o this_o mark_n will_v lead_v you_o direct_o through_o between_o the_o brake_n and_o quern_n mark_n another_o mark_n and_o so_o into_o the_o down_n but_o if_o you_o can_v discern_v the_o aforesaid_a mark_n than_o there_o be_v another_o near_a mark_n which_o be_v winsberry-church_n and_o a_o round_a tree_n not_o far_o from_o the_o church_n which_o stand_v up_o in_o the_o country_n to_o the_o southwestward_n of_o sandwich_n keep_v that_o church_n and_o tree_n between_o the_o two_o southermost_a steeple_n of_o the_o town_n of_o sandwich_n and_o this_o mark_n will_v lead_v you_o direct_o through_o the_o inner-channel_n and_o if_o so_o be_v you_o be_v force_v to_o turn_v through_o you_o may_v stand_v to_o the_o northwards_o until_o you_o bring_v the_o tree_n to_o the_o middle_a church_n and_o to_o the_o south-eastwards_a until_o you_o bring_v the_o steeple_n near_o unto_o st._n mary_n church_n which_o be_v the_o eastermost_a church_n of_o sandwich_n and_o so_o you_o may_v turn_v between_o the_o brake_n and_o querns_n the_o thwart_a mark_n for_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o brake_n brake_n thwart_v mark_n of_o the_o brake_n be_v as_o aforesaid_a st._n laurence_n church_n on_o the_o point_n of_o the_o north-cliff_n or_o a_o wood_n end_v open_a and_o shut_v of_o the_o cliff_n next_o sandwich_n for_o the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o quern_n bring_v the_o mill_n near_o ramsgate_n to_o the_o northward_a of_o the_o say_a peer_n depth_n in_o the_o channel_n be_v two_o and_o a_o half_a three_o and_o a_o half_a and_o four_o fathom_n the_o near_a the_o break_v the_o deep_a direction_n for_o go_v into_o marget-peer_n if_o you_o will_v go_v into_o marget-peer_n come_v down_o from_o the_o westward_o rock_n a_o ledge_n of_o rock_n you_o must_v be_v careful_a to_o shun_v a_o ledge_n of_o rock_n that_o lie_v off_o margot_n e._n s._n e._n in_o the_o sea_n thwart_v of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o peer_n from_o the_o cliff_n to_o the_o westward_a if_o therefore_o the_o wind_n be_v westerly_a you_o must_v be_v sure_a before_o you_o luff_fw-mi over_o to_o be_v clear_a of_o they_o if_o the_o wind_n be_v easterly_a than_o you_o may_v steer_v alongst_o by_o the_o beacon_n on_o the_o east-rock_n if_o you_o be_v to_o turn_v up_o in_o the_o night_n between_o marget-sand_n and_o the_o main_n you_o shall_v find_v by_o keep_v of_o your_o lead_n two_o middle-ground_n upon_o the_o middleground_n next_o the_o shore_n you_o will_v have_v five_o and_o five_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a and_o to_o the_o southward_a six_o seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n as_o the_o tide_n be_v in_o height_n without_o you_o will_v have_v eight_o nine_o and_o ten_o fathom_n and_o again_o seven_o and_o eight_o fathom_n and_o without_o nine_o and_o ten_o fathom_n and_o when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v shoal_n you_o may_v be_v sure_a it_o be_v upon_o the_o sand_n and_o likewise_o the_o shoal_v of_o the_o main_a within_o the_o inner_a middleground_n these_o middle-ground_n reach_v up_o to_o the_o gore_n gore_n gore_n and_o the_o further_a you_o come_v to_o the_o westward_n they_o shoal_n for_o they_o tail_n unto_o the_o shore_n and_o there_o dry_a from_o marget-town_n up_o to_o cliff_n end_n above_o birchington_n spit_v off_o several_a shoal_n that_o must_v be_v take_v care_n of_o especial_o at_o high-water_n near_o margot_n stand_v no_o near_o the_o shore_n than_o six_o fathom_n and_o from_o westgate-bay_n upward_o in_o five_o fathom_n the_o mark_n to_o go_v clear_a of_o all_o these_o spit_n of_o sand_n below_o marget-town_n that_o run_v off_o the_o shore_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o foreland_n be_v to_o keep_v the_o top_n of_o marget-steeple_n open_a above_o the_o land_n whiteness_n fairness_n &_o whiteness_n and_o fairness_n and_o whiteness_n on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o foreland_n mark_n for_o the_o north_n end_n of_o the_o goodwin-sand_n and_o other_o direction_n for_o such_o as_o may_v be_v force_v to_o the_o southwards_o from_o the_o foreland_n in_o the_o night_n if_o you_o be_v at_o the_o north-foreland_n bind_v for_o the_o down_n and_o that_o your_o tide_n do_v fall_v out_o to_o be_v too_o early_o or_o too_o late_a to_o turn_v into_o the_o down_n with_o the_o wind_n at_o south-west_n or_o s._n s._n w._n follow_v these_o ensue_a direction_n if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o morning_n before_o day_n then_o be_v sure_a to_o weigh_v your_o anchor_n in_o convenient_a time_n that_o you_o may_v be_v at_o the_o north-sands-hand_n north-sand-head_n north-sand-head_n at_o the_o turn_n of_o the_o tide_n to_o the_o southwards_o from_o the_o foreland_n you_o may_v steer_v out_o with_o a_o flood-tyde_n southeast_n by_o east_n and_o southeast_n or_o keep_v the_o light_n of_o the_o north-foreland_n northwest_o by_o north_n and_o this_o course_n will_v lead_v you_o out_o but_o for_o the_o more_o certainty_n be_v sure_a to_o have_v your_o lead_n well_o keep_v and_o then_o you_o may_v borrow_v off_o and_o on_o with_o the_o aforesaid_a wind_n in_o seven_o or_o eight_o fathom_n and_o steer_v out_o in_o the_o aforesaid_a course_n you_o shall_v come_v to_o have_v the_o depth_n sudden_o change_v to_o fifteen_o or_o twenty_o fathom_n than_o you_o may_v hale_v up_o close_o to_o the_o southward_a alongst_o the_o back_n of_o the_o goodwin_n which_o sand_n lie_v direct_o i_o mean_v the_o eastermost_a side_n of_o it_o s._n s._n w._n and_o n.n.e._n twelve_o or_o fourteen_o fathom_n and_o be_v not_o above_o a_o saker_n shoot_v from_o the_o sand_n but_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o day_n time_n and_o that_o the_o wind_n do_v blow_v so_o hard_o that_o you_o can_v well_o tack_v your_o ship_n to_o turn_v through_o the_o gull_n than_o your_o mark_n to_o carry_v you_o out_o at_o the_o north-sand-head_n be_v the_o flat_a church_n upon_o the_o foreland_n call_v st._n peter_n a_o