scotland_n s._n andrews_n bay_n bear_v northward_o of_o fisnes_n where_o be_v self_n harbour_n for_o a_o western_a wind_n from_o s._n andrews_n three_o league_n northward_o lie_v the_o river_n of_o donde_n which_o stretch_v direct_o in_o from_o the_o sea_n &_o may_v anchor_n before_o the_o city_n of_o donde_n a_o little_a far_o in_o stand_v a_o town_n call_v s._n johns_n there_o lie_v also_o a_o rock_n call_v the_o scaepe_fw-la before_o the_o river_n mouth_n about_o half_a a_o league_n off_o the_o shore_n south_n eastward_o from_o donde_n two_o league_n to_o the_o north_n eastward_o of_o donde_n stand_v a_o high_a tower_n upon_o the_o point_n call_v albror_n from_o whence_o lie_v the_o haven_n of_o manros_n two_o league_n to_o the_o northward_a where_o on_o both_o side_n be_v clear_a ground_n and_o you_o may_v safe_o enter_v amid_o the_o channel_n and_o turn_v up_o northward_o may_v anchor_n before_o the_o city_n from_o manros_n you_o have_v three_o league_n northeast-ward_n to_o the_o cape_n or_o point_n call_v seynhooft_v whereon_o stand_v a_o castle_n and_o two_o league_n northward_o from_o thence_o lie_v the_o port_n of_o aberdyne_n the_o west_n side_n be_v foul_a but_o eastward_o it_o be_v good_a and_o fair_a enter_v therefore_o hard_a a_o board_n the_o east_n shore_n till_o you_o come_v into_o the_o haven_n in_o the_o entry_n there_o be_v 3._o fathom_n water_n and_o you_o may_v anchor_n before_o the_o city_n in_o 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n from_o these_o coast_n be_v transport_v course_n scottish_a clothes_n frise_n sea_n coal_n and_o some_o barley_n and_o malt_n which_o be_v the_o commodity_n of_o those_o port_n a_o description_n of_o the_o coast_n between_o bamburgh_n &_o aberdeine_n whereof_o edinburgh_n be_v the_o chief_a martrowne_n a_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o southermost_a part_n of_o norway_n and_o of_o the_o coast_n adjoin_v if_o you_o will_v sail_v into_o the_o naze_n of_o norway_n enter_v westward_o thereof_o north_n northwest_n leave_v the_o rock_n call_v the_o bishop_n boden_v on_o your_o larbord_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n be_v clear_a of_o the_o same_o you_o must_v careful_o as_o you_o go_v inward_o beware_v of_o another_o rock_n that_o lie_v under_o water_n but_o within_o it_o you_o shall_v cast_v anchor_n right_a against_o a_o white_a church_n if_o you_o will_v enter_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o maensounde_a sail_n in_o north_n north_n east_n but_o shun_v the_o rock_n which_o lie_v under_o water_n on_o the_o starborde_n about_o the_o innermost_a isle_n and_o be_v clear_a of_o they_o anchor_n in_o .9_o or_o .10_o fathom_n but_o if_o you_o will_v enter_v the_o clooffe_o keep_v the_o cow_n and_o calf_n north_n north_n east_n from_o you_o and_o sail_v in_o westward_o of_o melou_n but_o shun_v the_o rock_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o fair_a midway_n and_o let_v fall_v anchor_n in_o 15._o or_o 16._o fathom_n by_o the_o west_n shore_n within_o the_o point_n and_o on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o melou_n you_o may_v go_v to_o schaersounde_v and_o oedendale_a if_o you_o will_v bear_v in_o with_o the_o western_a haven_n of_o vlecker_n or_o flecorie_n conde_n a_o long_a the_o out_o schaer_n of_o heiligen_n sound_n and_o when_o the_o bay_n of_o vlecker_n open_v before_o you_o north_n north_n east_n then_o hold_v in_o between_o the_o island_n and_o the_o main_a anchor_n in_o 15._o or_o 16._o fathom_n against_o the_o rock_n whereon_o stand_v a_o pair_n of_o gallow_n the_o eastern_a entry_n stretch_v inwards_o west_n northwest_n and_o you_o may_v see_v the_o bay_n call_v the_o vos_fw-fr open_a before_o you_o set_v all_o the_o black_a rock_n on_o the_o starrebord_n and_o the_o rock_n with_o the_o two_o high_a stony_a beacon_n which_o be_v call_v warder_n on_o the_o larbordside_n and_o so_o sail_v inward_o but_o if_o you_o will_v set_v towards_o reperwicke_n keep_v the_o two_o sharp_a rock_n stand_v upon_o wolfsound_n on_o the_o starbord_v and_o the_o three_o warder_n with_o all_o the_o rock_n on_o the_o larbord_n and_o continue_v your_o course_n so_o in_o northward_o but_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o point_n turn_v up_o westward_o where_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o 10._o fathom_n the_o eastern_a entry_n of_o wolfsounde_a stretch_v inwards_o northwest_o you_o must_v leave_v the_o great_a rock_n to_o the_o westward_o whereon_o stand_v a_o high_a warder_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o wolfsounde_a be_v three_o warder_n turn_v in_o westward_o where_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o 25._o fathom_n you_o may_v also_o pass_v betwixt_o the_o rock_n to_o old_a hill_n sound_n which_o lie_v inward_o west_n northwest_o amersounde_a lie_v north_n north-east_n in_o and_o you_o may_v anchor_n behind_o the_o island_n near_o unto_o the_o high_a warder_n 30._o fathom_n depth_n the_o eastern_a gate_n or_o entry_n of_o amersounde_a lie_v northwest_n and_o southeast_n westward_o thereof_o stand_v a_o rock_n with_o a_o high_a warder_n on_o it_o the_o isle_n of_o hesnes_n have_v two_o warder_n upon_o it_o it_o be_v there_o very_o deep_a but_o towards_o the_o little_a church_n be_v not_o so_o deep_a viz._n 30._o fathom_n you_o may_v sail_v within_o the_o rock_n to_o mardou_n and_o when_o the_o little_a hill_n or_o holmen_n be_v northwest_n they_o you_o be_v before_o mardou_n the_o isle_n of_o mardou_n have_v two_o high_a warder_n upon_o it_o hold_v on_o between_o the_o nie-holmen_a and_o the_o island_n where_o lie_v also_o a_o suncken_a rock_n near_o unto_o the_o say_a isle_n and_o be_v past_o the_o point_n edge_n north_n northwest_n into_o the_o great_a bay_n and_o anchor_n therein_o 30._o fathom_n you_o have_v in_o the_o eastern_a entry_n of_o mardou_n but_o 3._o fathom_n water_n and_o it_o lie_v outward_o and_o inwards_o east_n north-east_n and_o west_n southwest_n be_v within_o the_o island_n you_o may_v cast_v anchor_n in_o 12._o or_o 13._o fathom_n from_o all_o these_o haven_n be_v transport_v great_a store_n of_o oaken_a beam_n rafter_n rail_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o oaken_a wood_n and_o timber_n and_o some_o saw_v board_n and_o plank_n which_o in_o the_o low_a country_n be_v much_o employ_v in_o building_n the_o sea_n coast_n of_o norway_n as_o they_o do_v appear_v 〈◊〉_d to_o their_o situation_n between_o der_n noess_n &_o mardon_n a_o plain_a description_n of_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o eastern_a sea_n coast_n of_o norway_n and_o the_o country_n adjoin_v if_o you_o will_v enter_v tromsounde_v you_o may_v sail_v in_o beyond_o mardou_n through_o the_o fair_a channel_n on_o the_o northside_n stand_v two_o warder_n upon_o a_o high_a hill_n where_o you_o may_v let_v fall_n anchor_n or_o sail_v on_o far_a to_o mardou_n behind_o trom_n island_n if_o you_o will_v bear_v in_o with_o oxefoort_n keep_v alongst_o under_o the_o rock_n of_o tromsounde_a and_o go_v first_o northwards_o and_o have_v bring_v the_o long_a rock_n on_o the_o larbord_n hold_v on_o still_o northward_o when_o you_o be_v a_o little_a way_n enter_v you_o shall_v find_v a_o rock_n under_o water_n in_o the_o very_a entry_n which_o you_o must_v bring_v on_o your_o starbord_v then_o continue_v your_o course_n until_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o western_a point_n where_o also_o lie_v a_o rock_n under_o water_n near_o the_o point_n and_o from_o thence_o sail_v to_o the_o west_n and_o west_n and_o by_o north_n towards_o the_o high_a land_n to_o the_o eastern_a shore_n where_o stand_v a_o high_a warder_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o 20._o or_o 25._o fathom_n between_o oxefoorte_n and_o santfort_n lie_v longen_n on_o the_o eastern_a side_n stand_v a_o mast_n with_o a_o ton_n on_o it_o hence_o off_o two_o league_n be_v santforde_n thwart_o which_o alonge_v in_o the_o sea_n lie_v a_o bank_n which_o in_o some_o place_n have_v but_o 3._o or_o 4._o fathom_n water_n and_o end_v about_o west_n kiell_n west_n kiell_n lie_v in_o northward_o and_o you_o may_v enter_v hard_a by_o the_o out_o rock_n of_o jofferlande_n and_o may_v sail_v about_o the_o say_a island_n or_o anchor_n behind_o it_o in_o 15._o or_o 20._o fathom_n longsande_n bear_v from_o that_o island_n a_o great_a league_n north_n north-east_n king_n haven_n stretch_v inwards_o north_n northwest_n where_o be_v 30._o fathom_n sound_v hale_v inwards_o alonge_v the_o ragged_a point_n from_o whence_o the_o rock_n call_v the_o baer_n lie_v not_o far_o but_o if_o you_o will_v go_v to_o the_o nesse_n be_v clear_a of_o the_o great_a rock_n whereon_o stand_v a_o high_a warder_n on_o your_o starbord_v you_o may_v sail_v between_o the_o old_a longsande_n and_o the_o say_a rock_n through_o into_o the_o nesse_n pass_v by_o the_o ragged_a isle_n and_o anchor_n there_o in_o 20._o or_o 30._o fathom_n from_o longsande_n set_v east_n north-east_n to_o farder_n between_o which_o lie_v larwicke_n stawangen_n and_o tonsbargen_n but_o bast_n bear_v northward_o
to_o the_o north_n buy_v the_o eye_n mark_n of_o the_o other_o buy_v be_v when_o the_o broad_a tower_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o ship_n length_n off_o from_o the_o great_a church_n of_o coppen_n haven_n the_o three_o buy_v mark_n be_v when_o the_o broad_a and_o pick_a tower_n be_v one_o but_o the_o mark_n of_o the_o buy_v in_o casperkine_n be_v when_o the_o sharp_a tower_n come_v over_o against_o coppen_n haven_n castle_n all_o the_o traffic_n of_o these_o coast_n depend_v most_o of_o malt_n barley_n nut_n and_o store_n of_o some_o kind_n of_o tallow_n and_o fat_a the_o herring_n season_n there_o be_v now_o little_a worth_n which_o heretofore_o have_v be_v very_o great_a the_o sea_n map_n of_o the_o sound_n the_o most_o famous_a part_n of_o whole_a dennemarcke_n even_o as_o it_o appear_v on_o both_o the_o side_n when_o you_o sail_n amidde_v through_o the_o channel_n from_o waersbergen_n unto_o falsterboen_n where_o the_o eastern_a sea_n begin_v a_o exact_a description_n of_o blecside_n and_o calmersounde_n lyinge_v at_o the_o entrance_n of_o swethlande_n in_o the_o erthholmes_n there_o be_v a_o haven_n of_o 4._o fathom_n depth_n if_o you_o will_v set_v out_o from_o santwicke_n in_o bornholmes_n towards_o ahuys_n shape_n your_o course_n north_n and_o by_o west_n towards_o hano_n hano_n be_v a_o round_a island_n and_o have_v round_o about_o it_o good_a ground_n for_o ankeringe_v from_o thence_o hold_v on_o north_n north_n west_n to_o ahuys_n which_o lie_v by_o a_o little_a river_n their_o comodity_n and_o trade_n be_v maulte_n barley_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o gross_a ware_n viz._n pitch_n tar_n tallow_n hides_n etc._n etc._n if_o you_o will_v from_o the_o east_n end_n of_o borneholme_n to_o kalmer_n sail_n from_o borneholme_n north_n north_n east_n towards_o the_o rock_n which_o lie_v from_o thence_o 14._o league_n then_o hold_v on_o to_o kalmer_n first_o to_o the_o northward_n and_o north_n and_o by_o westward_n but_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o riff_o or_o shall_v call_v suydernorte_v calmersounde_a stretch_v inwards_o north_n and_o by_o east_n up_o to_o kalmer_n until_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o straight_a passage_n of_o the_o rock_n which_o lie_v before_o the_o town_n and_o from_o thence_o ply_v to_o the_o hill_n call_v sweet_v yunckfrow_v north_n north_n east_n and_o north_n and_o by_o east_n suydernorte_v bear_v towards_o the_o west_n point_n of_o oclande_n from_o whence_o stretch_v a_o foul_a rocky_a bank_n or_o riff_o south_n and_o by_o west_n a_o league_n and_o a_o half_a out_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o in_o the_o fair_a way_n by_o the_o southside_n of_o oclande_n you_o have_v 28._o or_o 31._o fathom_n water_n about_o 3._o league_n from_o land_n the_o isle_n of_o oclande_n be_v long_o and_o narrow_a and_o have_v 18._o flat_a tower_n the_o trade_n of_o calm_a and_o the_o country_n adjoin_v be_v tar_n of_o swedelande_n all_o kind_n of_o fell_n and_o skin_n of_o wild_a beast_n salt_n hides_n goat_n skin_n gross_a ware_n and_o some_o brass_n and_o iron_n the_o sea_n coast_n of_o part_n of_o denmark_n and_o swedeland_n from_o vuytste_v to_o calm_a a_o perfect_n description_n of_o westerwick_n about_o the_o mount_n of_o the_o swethish_n yunckfrow_a the_o beginning_n of_o the_o rock_n call_v the_o schares_n of_o swedeland_n the_o mount_n call_v sweetse_n yunckfrow_a or_o young_a maiden_n bear_v 8._o league_n from_o calm_a n._n n._n e._n and_o north_n &_o by_o east_n and_o silbuy_n be_v the_o first_o haven_n within_o the_o schares_n from_o whence_o you_o may_v set_v between_o the_o schares_n to_o westerwike_v flerbuy_v and_o schelshever_o for_o your_o way_n be_v fair_a the_o entry_n of_o stockholme_n lie_v 18._o league_n from_o sweetse_n yunckfrow_n north_n north-east_n and_o the_o coast_n of_o stockholme_n turn_v up_o east_n the_o entry_n stretch_v inwards_o first_o north-east_n and_o by_o north_n and_o after_o north_n north-east_n to_o durhaven_n set_v the_o rock_n call_v wigsteen_n on_o the_o larbord_n side_n and_o the_o middle_a steene_n on_o the_o starborde_n the_o rock_n which_o be_v call_v the_o red_a cow_n lie_v two_o league_n within_o the_o entry_n and_o the_o entry_n of_o stockholme_n lie_v inwards_o from_o durhaven_n for_o the_o most_o part_n north_n west_n northwest_o and_o by_o west_n &_o north_n and_o by_o west_n to_o wiexholme_n within_o the_o schares_n of_o westerwicke_n be_v every_o where_o good_a anchor_n hold_v in_o 16._o or_o 20._o fathom_n the_o foresay_a haven_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o swedelande_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n be_v grow_v so_o wealthy_a that_o now_o there_o be_v great_a traffic_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o commodity_n viz._n of_o tar_n barley_n malt_n diverse_a sort_n of_o skin_n and_o other_o marchaundize_n beside_o gross_a ware_n and_o nut_n but_o chief_o iron_n and_o brass_n the_o famous_a isle_n of_o gothland_n part_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n lie_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o westerwicke_a or_o swedelande_n and_o be_v about_o 10._o or_o 12._o league_n off_o the_o shore_n the_o notable_a port_n thereof_o be_v wisbuy_v a_o city_n in_o time_n past_o the_o mart_n for_o many_o country_n and_o much_o haunt_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o intercourse_n of_o factor_n where_o all_o law_n concern_v seafaring_a and_o sea_n right_n be_v establish_v and_o ordain_v but_o the_o island_n be_v impoverish_v and_o utter_o destroy_v by_o cruel_a war_n at_o this_o day_n live_v by_o husbandry_n notwithstanding_o there_o be_v still_o some_o traffic_n of_o pitch_n and_o tar_n it_o contain_v in_o length_n eighteen_o league_n and_o in_o breadth_n five_o have_v eighteen_o village_n with_o spear_n steeple_n it_o take_v name_n of_o the_o goth_n which_o do_v once_o inhabit_v it_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o swedeland_n about_o the_o coast_n of_o westerwijck_n and_o the_o entrance_n of_o stockholm_n begin_v from_o kalmar_n unto_o the_o wigstone_n and_o the_o red_a kowe_n the_o which_o i_o lie_v with_o in_o the_o say_a entrance_n of_o stockholme_n all_o true_o do_v &_o invent_v by_o lucas_n janss_n wagenaer_n a_o plain_a description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n between_o weiburghe_n and_o the_o narue_v the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o belt_n with_o their_o situation_n and_o commodity_n the_o isle_n of_o summer_n bear_v 9_o league_n from_o hogelande_n north-east_n more_o easterly_a but_o your_o course_n from_o hoglande_n to_o the_o island_n call_v putsfager_n lie_v northwest_o &_o by_o north_n from_o thence_o you_o may_v sail_v within_o the_o schares_n of_o swedeland_n where_o you_o listen_v from_o putsfager_n set_v towards_o summer_n east_n and_o east_n and_o by_o south_n and_o from_o summer_n towards_o the_o island_n call_v red_a hell_n north_n east_n and_o north_n east_n and_o by_o north_n you_o have_v two_o rock_n on_o the_o larborde_n in_o the_o very_a channel_n call_v the_o eastern_a and_o western_a fisher_n from_o red_a hell_n to_o tralesande_n it_o be_v count_v 2._o league_n almost_o north-east_n from_o whence_o you_o must_v go_v cross_v northeasterly_a in_o and_o out_o from_o beacon_n to_o beacon_n till_o you_o come_v to_o weyburgh_n where_o the_o eastern_a sea_n end_v the_o isle_n of_o summer_n lie_v near_o the_o coast_n of_o rusland_n have_v right_o against_o it_o the_o schares_n of_o east_n finland_n the_o narue_n bear_v 10._o league_n from_o summer_n south_n east_n leave_v the_o isle_n tutter_v on_o the_o starreborde_n side_n when_o you_o come_v near_o the_o narue_v you_o shall_v discern_v a_o mast_n with_o a_o barrel_n on_o it_o upon_o the_o strand_n keep_v that_o right_n over_o the_o wooden_a castle_n and_o hold_v so_o alongst_o the_o shore_n into_o the_o river_n of_o narue_n the_o narue_n be_v know_v by_o the_o round_a hill_n southward_o of_o the_o road_n and_o you_o have_v from_o thence_o unto_o eackholme_n 14._o league_n northward_o about_o the_o north_n and_o north_n and_o by_o eastward_o of_o telsbourgh_n lie_v the_o rock_n of_o the_o great_a and_o lesser_a hoof_v or_o head_n about_o which_o be_v many_o shoalde_n which_o you_o must_v avoid_v the_o lymie_a shall_v or_o kalke_v ground_n of_o 2._o or_o 3._o fathan_fw-ge depth_n stretch_v down_o into_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o great_a hoof_v almost_o to_o eackholme_n under_o eackholme_n you_o have_v harbour_n and_o clear_a ground_n on_o every_o side_n lyfeland_n shore_n all_o alongst_o up_o to_o narue_v have_v no_o rock_n at_o all_o north_n west_n and_o by_o west_n of_o hogelande_n lie_v a_o rock_n under_o water_n about_o 3._o league_n of_o the_o shore_n in_o 2._o fathom_n in_o these_o part_n of_o rusland_n and_o swedeland_n in_o time_n past_o none_o may_v traffic_v but_o those_o of_o lubek_n whereby_o they_o become_v very_o wealthy_a for_o there_o be_v scotfree_a and_o costly_a merchandise_n viz._n all_o kind_n of_o skin_n fur_n hemp_n flax_n tallow_n wheat_n rye_n and_o such_o like_a the_o
outtermost_a or_o the_o furtheste_n part_n of_o the_o eastern_a sea_n east_n 〈…〉_o which_o lie_v jnclose_v with_o in_o the_o coast_n of_o east_n finland_n rusland_n &_o â—â—…sland_n and_o wherein_o lie_v the_o narâ—…_n and_o wyboâ—gh_n the_o two_o furthermost_o 〈…〉_o â—archante_fw-fr town_n of_o 〈…〉_o with_o all_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o situation_n 〈…〉_o a_o perfect_n description_n of_o lifland_n about_o revel_n and_o moonsound_a and_o of_o the_o coast_n adjoin_v from_o the_o isle_n of_o nargen_n to_o the_o buy_v you_o have_v a_o great_a league_n east_n and_o by_o south_n and_o from_o the_o buy_v to_o revel_v two_o great_a league_n not_o far_o from_o the_o isle_n of_o wolfsound_n be_v a_o blind_a rock_n when_o the_o tower_n of_o revel_v appear_v over_o the_o point_n of_o the_o island_n you_o be_v come_v near_o the_o rock_n which_o lie_v half_o a_o league_n northwest_o from_o wolfsound_n on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o wolfsound_a be_v two_o island_n call_v wrangen_n you_o may_v anchor_n within_o they_o in_o the_o channel_n at_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n a_o league_n and_o a_o half_a to_o the_o north_n northwest_n of_o they_o lie_v a_o blind_a rock_n and_o a_o other_o half_a a_o league_n off_o plain_a north._n the_o shore_n of_o lyfland_n be_v all_o clear_a ground_n if_o you_o will_v sail_v from_o oegens-holme_a into_o moonsund_n keep_v south_n south-west_n and_o south-west_n &_o by_o west_n until_o you_o be_v within_o osseholme_a grasholme_n lie_v a_o league_n beyond_o osseholme_n which_o you_o may_v sail_v round_o about_o or_o ride_v there_o at_o your_o pleasure_n grasgrond_n lie_v a_o league_n within_o grasholme_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n but_o borrow_v of_o the_o land_n of_o syburgnesse_n or_o dagerort_n along_o by_o the_o little_a island_n a_o reasonable_a distance_n off_o keep_v within_o all_o the_o island_n s_o and_o by_o e._n and_o s._n until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o western_a coast_n of_o oesell_n nigh_o the_o great_a tree_n where_o you_o have_v 4._o fathom_n water_n sometime_o but_o three_o hold_v on_o alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o oesell_n four_o or_o five_o league_n southeast_n and_o by_o east_n till_o you_o come_v to_o a_o little_a island_n then_o keep_v on_o between_o that_o island_n and_o oesell_n until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o far_a part_n of_o oessell_n where_o be_v 8._o fathom_n water_n half_n a_o league_n from_o thence_o lie_v a_o shoalde_a call_v the_o pater_fw-la noster_fw-la which_o you_o must_v sail_n aloufe_v off_o then_o may_v you_o ply_v again_o southward_o to_o runen_n which_o be_v a_o island_n situate_v ten_o league_n hence_o in_o the_o great_a bay_n of_o righe_n revel_v be_v the_o most_o famous_a mart_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n so_o flourish_v thirty_o year_n past_a that_o every_o year_n there_o arrive_v and_o be_v unlade_v above_o a_o hundred_o great_a ship_n with_o salt_n which_o be_v also_o wont_v to_o be_v freight_v there_o again_o with_o wheat_n rye_n wax_n flax_n hemp_n all_o kind_n of_o skin_n and_o fur_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n of_o good_a value_n but_o it_o be_v now_o so_o decay_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o continual_a war_n with_o the_o muscovyte_n that_o through_o the_o whole_a year_n there_o be_v scarce_o six_o ship_n lade_v which_o have_v be_v to_o the_o general_a impoverish_n of_o this_o city_n and_o country_n a_o dilljgent_a description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o lyffland_n with_o all_o the_o jle_n there_o unto_o appartane_v eeven_a as_o they_o do_v appear_v and_o open_v when_o you_o sail_v there_o alongst_o from_o ekehol_a man_n unto_o syburghs_n ness_n a_o plain_a description_n of_o righe_n and_o parnout_n and_o of_o the_o island_n adjoininge_v you_o must_v sail_v from_o domesn_a to_o runen_n 6._o league_n east_n and_o east_n and_o by_o north_n and_o from_o runen_n to_o the_o northeren_n coast_n of_o oesell_n where_o moonsound_a begin_v you_o have_v 10._o league_n north_n and_o north_n and_o by_o east_n from_o runen_n again_o unto_o cow_n 8._o league_n east_n north_n east_n from_o cow_n to_o pernout_n it_o be_v 7._o league_n north_n east_n and_o by_o east_n where_o in_o the_o entry_n you_o have_v but_o 6._o or_o .8_o foot_n depth_n the_o channel_n sometime_o shift_v from_o place_n to_o place_n and_o serve_v only_o for_o small_a vessel_n call_v boyer_n there_o stand_v a_o little_a town_n between_o pernout_n and_o righe_n call_v salles_n where_o lie_v a_o shall_v in_o 8._o foot_n depth_n before_o the_o entry_n and_o serve_v likewise_o but_o for_o small_a vessel_n duinemonde_n of_o righe_n bear_v from_o runen_n 12._o league_n south_n east_n the_o eye_n mark_n to_o enter_v the_o river_n of_o duina_n be_v when_o the_o watch-house_n that_o stand_v a_o little_a way_n from_o the_o castle_n of_o duinemond_n be_v one_o with_o the_o great_a tree_n and_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o city_n of_o righe_n with_o the_o point_n of_o terspille_n these_o be_v the_o right_a mark_n to_o sail_v into_o the_o river_n a_o good_a way_n turn_v then_o up_o sometime_o southward_o till_o you_o come_v between_o both_o land_n then_o borrow_v of_o the_o south_n coast_n to_o the_o point_n of_o terspille_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o any_o place_n in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n you_o must_v go_v by_o your_o lead_n because_o the_o channel_n alter_v almost_o every_o year_n 4._o league_n to_o the_o southward_n of_o domesn_a be_v a_o little_a river_n where_o many_o small_a vessel_n do_v lade_v in_o these_o two_o place_n thirty_o or_o forty_o year_n past_a be_v great_a traffic_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o costly_a marchandize_n which_o through_o the_o continual_a war_n with_o the_o muscovyte_n be_v almost_o utter_o decay_v notwithstanding_o there_o be_v yet_o some_o traffic_n at_o righe_n for_o every_o year_n thirty_o or_o forty_o ship_n lade_v with_o salt_n be_v there_o discharge_v and_o above_o a_o hundred_o ship_n be_v likewise_o freight_v with_o wheat_n rye_n clawbordes_n and_o wainscot_n wax_n flax_n hemp_n pitch_n tar_n salt_n and_o dry_a hide_n sheepskin_n fur_n and_o other_o like_a commodity_n of_o good_a value_n the_o sea_n card_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o lyffland_n comprehend_v the_o land_n lie_v round_o about_o the_o great_a juhan_n of_o the_o ryghish_n even_o as_o they_o do_v appear_v &_o open_v when_o you_o sail_v thou_o alongst_o a_o most_o plain_a description_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o oesel_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o belt_n and_o the_o bay_n of_o right_n and_o stretch_v up_o from_o the_o narrow_a entry_n or_o straight_o towards_o righe_n and_o parnout_n your_o course_n from_o domesn_a to_o runen_n be_v 6._o league_n east_n and_o by_o north_n and_o so_o far_o lie_v abbrick_n from_o runen_n whereaboutes_o be_v many_o dangerous_a shoalde_n in_o your_o fair_a way_n 3._o or_o 4._o fathom_n deep_a but_o be_v past_o domesn_a you_o may_v see_v it_o when_o you_o be_v a_o great_a league_n from_o oesell_n aberburgh_n bear_v westward_o of_o it_o where_o ship_n be_v freight_v with_o barley_n malt_n tar_n all_o kind_n of_o gross_a ware_n and_o diverse_a skin_n and_o fur_n from_o domesnest_n lie_v a_o very_a dangerous_a riff_o or_o a_o rough_a and_o stone_n bank_n a_o league_n out_o into_o the_o sea_n north-east_n and_o north-east_n and_o by_o east_n the_o road_n of_o oesell_n lie_v from_o domesn_a three_o league_n northwest_o and_o northwest_o &_o by_o west_n where_o in_o 7._o fathom_n be_v good_a ground_n to_o anchor_n there_o stretch_v down_o also_o from_o the_o south_n end_n of_o oesell_n a_o riff_o or_o bank_n two_o league_n in_o length_n into_o the_o sea_n southward_o and_o south_n and_o by_o westward_o which_o be_v both_o hard_a and_o roomie_a westward_o from_o this_o riff_o lie_v many_o scatter_a shoalde_n and_o bank_n which_o stretch_v out_o northward_o alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o oesell_n where_o in_o many_o place_n you_o have_v only_o 2._o 3._o 4._o 5._o fathom_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v beside_o in_o oesell_n two_o other_o haven_n where_o ship_n be_v lade_v viz._n wyck_n and_o another_o 5._o league_n from_o thence_o northward_o hontsfort_n bear_v from_o wyck_n eight_o league_n north_n and_o from_o thence_o have_v you_o six_o league_n to_o dagerort_a north_n northwest_o wherein_o stand_v a_o high_a tower_n which_o you_o may_v see_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o land_n between_o both_o these_o head_n you_o may_v sail_v to_o hontswick_n which_o be_v a_o perilous_a bay_n for_o there_o be_v many_o shipwrack_n by_o reason_n the_o pilot_n be_v not_o skilful_a thereabouts_o now_o that_o i_o may_v again_o set_v down_o the_o entrance_n of_o moonsound_a sail_v from_o runen_n north_n and_o north_n and_o by_o east_n to_o the_o north_n point_n of_o oesell_n and_o they_o lie_v ten_o league_n one_o from_o a_o other_o but_o bear_v aloufe_v from_o the_o shall_v call_v the_o pater_fw-la noster_fw-la which_o join_v to_o
n.e._n and_o by_o e._n from_o derley_n to_o cape_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hague_n it_o fall_v s.s.e._n from_o cape_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hague_n to_o aldernay_n n.e._n in_o the_o rasse_n of_o blanquert_n it_o fall_v n.e._n from_o dierley_n to_o the_o casket_n it_o fall_v e._n and_o w._n from_o garnsey_n to_o the_o casket_n it_o fall_v a_o quarter_n of_o a_o tide_n east_n southeast_n and_o the_o rest_n n.e._n at_o the_o sept_n isle_n the_o flood_n fall_v e._n and_o by_o s._n from_o the_o sept_n isle_n to_o s._n pol_n alongst_o the_o shore_n e._n &_o by_o s._n from_o s._n pol_n to_o the_o fourne_n it_o fall_v e._n and_o by_o s._n from_o the_o fourne_n to_o s._n mathews_n point_n s._n and_o by_o e._n in_o the_o bresont_n between_o vshant_n and_o the_o seam_n e.n.e._n in_o the_o ras_n of_o fontenay_n the_o flood_n fall_v thwart_v over_o the_o rock_n call_v the_o empress_n and_o make_v a_o very_a great_a noise_n and_o tumble_v on_o the_o bank_n call_v the_o calf_n furthermore_o upon_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o poictou_n gascoigne_n biscay_n gallicia_n portugal_n and_o spain_n it_o fall_v always_o right_a of_o and_o on_o to_o and_o fro_o forasmuch_o as_o of_o late_a day_n many_o skilful_a and_o experience_a navigator_n and_o shipmaister_n have_v most_o earnest_o travayl_v to_o find_v out_o a_o sure_a and_o perfect_a way_n whereby_o with_o the_o help_n of_o some_o certain_a sign_n or_o instrument_n aswell_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o place_n from_o east_n to_o west_n as_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o pole_n between_o south_n and_o north_n may_v in_o sail_v be_v secret_o know_v yet_o have_v bring_v nothing_o to_o light_v more_o than_o what_o long_o ago_o be_v well_o know_v to_o our_o ancestor_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o use_n of_o certain_a instrument_n which_o in_o this_o thing_n be_v uncertain_a though_o very_o good_a and_o perfect_a in_o that_o use_n to_o the_o which_o they_o be_v first_o make_v and_o see_v that_o by_o they_o all_o there_o be_v not_o discover_v any_o hide_a way_n in_o the_o firmament_n by_o the_o which_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o place_n may_v certain_o be_v observe_v and_o use_v i_o will_v not_o at_o this_o time_n make_v any_o mention_n thereof_o but_o defer_v it_o till_o a_o fit_a and_o more_o commodious_a time_n that_o i_o may_v then_o discover_v to_o all_o man_n what_o i_o know_v therein_o wherefore_o i_o will_v entreat_v all_o those_o that_o happy_o may_v find_v this_o strange_a in_o a_o matter_n of_o such_o weight_n and_o importance_n not_o to_o be_v greeve_v thereat_o but_o patient_o expect_v that_o which_o remain_v a_o exact_a description_n of_o the_o depth_n and_o sounding_n near_o the_o diverse_a province_n of_o our_o navigation_n and_o first_o of_o gascoigne_n poictou_n and_o britain_n without_o garumna_n the_o river_n of_o bourdeaux_n there_o be_v 14._o fathom_n depth_n but_o when_o you_o come_v within_o sight_n of_o cordam_n tower_n but_o 30._o fathom_n over_o against_o the_o coast_n of_o poictou_n 16._o league_n without_o oleron_n you_o have_v 25._o faith_n depth_n but_o come_v near_o the_o land_n of_o poictou_n 8._o league_n from_o the_o shore_n you_o have_v 35._o fathom_n in_o the_o channel_n between_o porthuis_n and_o heys_n it_o be_v 30._o fathom_n deep_a and_o asmuch_o in_o the_o channel_n of_o heys_n as_o also_o between_o heys_n and_o belile_n be_v the_o same_o depth_n without_o the_o channel_n it_o be_v 35._o fathom_n deep_a but_o within_o be_v 25._o fathom_n only_o without_o heys_n two_o kenninge_n off_o there_o be_v find_v 45._o fathom_n 22._o league_n southwards_o of_o belile_n you_o have_v 70._o fathom_n but_o nine_o league_n from_o the_o northwest_o point_n of_o that_o island_n towards_o the_o south-west_n be_v 60._o fathom_n depth_n and_o over_o against_o the_o midst_n of_o belile_n in_o 40._o fathom_n depth_n you_o shall_v see_v land_n in_o your_o course_n between_o belile_n and_o the_o seem_v you_o may_v come_v no_o near_a then_o 50._o or_o 45._o fathom_n if_o you_o sail_v from_o belile_n west_n and_o by_o north_n when_o you_o be_v against_o gloyland_n you_o shall_v find_v 60._o fathom_n depth_n without_o and_o within_o the_o rock_n which_o stand_v off_o gloyland_n to_o the_o seawarde_n you_o have_v 40._o fathom_n water_n in_o 65._o fathom_n depth_n without_o the_o west_n penmarque_v you_o may_v sail_v northwest_o and_o by_o west_n without_o the_o seem_v but_o by_o night_n come_v no_o near_o then_o in_o 55._o fathom_n for_o the_o ground_n be_v gross_a and_o red_a sand_n full_a of_o round_a flint_n half_o a_o league_n west_n southwest_n of_o the_o seem_v be_v a_o ledge_n of_o rock_n where_o you_o have_v 7._o fathom_n depth_n but_o between_o the_o seem_v and_o the_o rock_n there_o be_v 50._o fathom_n water_n in_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o seem_v &_o heissand_n call_v vshant_fw-mi you_o have_v 55._o faith_n depth_n the_o ground_n be_v gross_a red_a sand_n mingle_v with_o little_a round_a stone_n red_a and_o black_a near_o to_o vshant_n there_o be_v 45._o fathom_n but_o within_o it_o be_v of_o a_o unequal_a and_o variable_a depth_n southwestwardes_o almost_o six_o league_n off_o vshant_n you_o have_v 70._o fathom_n and_o the_o ground_n be_v fine_a white_a sand_n mingle_v with_o little_a white_a shell_n and_o other_o small_a thing_n like_o needle_n and_o then_o be_v vshant_n east_n from_o you_o but_o if_o the_o sand_n be_v gross_a and_o white_a mingle_v with_o great_a and_o white_a shell_n then_o be_v it_o southeast_n to_o you_o but_o if_o you_o doubt_v of_o these_o ground_n go_v northerly_a if_o your_o sound_n be_v deep_a than_o you_o be_v towards_o the_o seem_v if_o not_o so_o deep_a then_o be_v you_o in_o the_o channel_n almost_o north_n of_o vshant_n between_o ushant_n and_o obeurac_n in_o the_o trade_n it_o be_v 60._o fathom_n deep_a between_o ushant_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a or_o sorlinge_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n there_o be_v 70._o fathom_n depth_n if_o you_o sail_v between_o the_o seem_v and_o vshant_n in_o 70._o fathom_n water_n the_o ground_n will_v be_v of_o little_a black_a stone_n easy_a to_o be_v break_v and_o of_o yellow_a earth_n or_o clay_n but_o if_o you_o find_v red_a and_o hard_a sand_n go_v northward_o till_o you_o happen_v on_o white_a sand_n mingle_v with_o long_o strike_v and_o then_o without_o doubt_n you_o sail_n in_o the_o channel_n if_o set_v from_o cizarga_n you_o sail_v n._n northeastward_o in_o the_o spanish_a sea_n towards_o vshant_n and_o find_v yourself_o in_o 80._o fathom_n you_o be_v 14._o or_o 15._o league_n off_o vshant_n but_o come_v near_o you_o shall_v have_v 70._o fathom_n water_n and_o be_v 10._o league_n distant_a of_o vshant_n but_o if_o you_o find_v the_o ground_n to_o be_v yellow_a shell_n &_o little_a black_a stone_n then_o be_v you_o towards_o the_o seem_v wherefore_o you_o must_v with_o the_o tide_n bear_v off_o northward_o to_o shun_v vshant_n until_o you_o find_v white_a sand_n and_o thing_n like_o needle_n for_o such_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o vshant_n and_o the_o i_o will_v base_a when_o you_o sail_n at_o 4._o fathom_n water_n you_o be_v 4._o league_n off_o the_o shore_n but_o by_o night_n come_v no_o near_o than_o 25._o fathom_n when_o you_o be_v two_o league_n off_o obcurac_n you_o shall_v find_v 25._o fathom_n depth_n but_o 8._o league_n off_o the_o sept_n island_n you_o have_v 55._o fathom_n a_o league_n without_o the_o rock_n of_o obeurac_n there_o be_v a_o blind_a or_o hide_a rock_n so_o that_o if_o you_o be_v to_o sail_v upon_o a_o board_n between_o the_o fourn_v and_o obeurac_n come_v no_o near_a that_o blind_a rock_n than_o 40._o fathom_n but_o eastwardes_o you_o may_v sail_v in_o 30._o or_o 25._o fathom_n if_o a_o ship_n sail_v west_n southwest_n and_o south-west_n and_o by_o west_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a or_o sorlinge_n at_o 80._o fathom_n water_n be_v find_v by_o the_o crossestaffe_n or_o the_o astrolabe_n to_o be_v under_o 49._o degree_n and_o 15._o minute_n of_o altitude_n she_o be_v 26._o league_n from_o land_n and_o must_v go_v east_n and_o by_o north_n till_o she_o get_v 66._o fathom_n water_n for_o then_o certain_o she_o be_v in_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a and_o vshant_n and_o then_o if_o she_o be_v bind_v for_o england_n she_o must_v sail_v more_o northward_o and_o between_o the_o land_n end_n and_o the_o lilard_n she_o shall_v have_v 55._o fathom_n depth_n a_o diligent_a description_n of_o the_o soundinge_n and_o ground_n between_o ireland_n england_n and_o normandy_n three_o league_n without_o the_o isle_n of_o dorsey_n under_o ireland_n it_o be_v 45._o fathom_n deep_a in_o the_o channel_n between_o dorsey_n and_o cape_n clear_a be_v 42._o or_o 43._o fathom_n the_o channel_n from_o cape_n clear_a to_o the_o
island_n of_o saltees_n have_v 45._o fathom_n but_o two_o league_n off_o ireland_n it_o have_v but_o 40._o between_o the_o isle_n of_o saltees_n and_o milford_n it_o be_v 44._o fathom_n deep_a &_o between_o londay_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a 38._o faith_n in_o the_o mid_a way_n between_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a and_o milford_n it_o be_v 44._o fathom_n deep_a but_o plain_a north_n of_o silly_a 40._o and_o 42._o fathom_n near_o england_n by_o the_o land_n end_v the_o channel_n be_v of_o 50._o fathom_n depth_n a_o ship_n that_o come_v from_o cape_n finisterre_n sail_v north_n north-east_n if_o she_o have_v 80._o fathom_n sound_v she_o be_v 20._o league_n off_o the_o shore_n and_o the_o ground_n be_v small_a black_a stone_n mingle_v with_o great_a red_a sand_n in_o the_o same_o course_n when_o you_o have_v but_o 60._o fathom_n water_n you_o be_v within_o 12._o or_o 14._o league_n off_o the_o shore_n yet_o shall_v you_o not_o so_o soon_o ken_v land_n as_o you_o will_v think_v for_o you_o shall_v a_o great_a while_n have_v 60._o faith_n depth_n for_o it_o be_v at_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o channel_n about_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a between_o vshant_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a the_o channel_n be_v 70._o fathom_n deep_a on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a the_o ground_n be_v small_a red_a stone_n and_o fine_a white_a sand_n over_o against_o the_o lizard_n and_o falmouth_n 4._o league_n from_o shore_n it_o be_v 52._o fathom_n deep_a betwixt_o foy_n and_o plymouth_n sound_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n it_o be_v 60._o fathom_n deep_a between_o the_o lizard_n and_o the_o start_n bear_v no_o near_o the_o shore_n than_o 35._o fathom_n you_o may_v cast_v anchor_n in_o the_o trade_n or_o channel_n in_o 25._o fathom_n and_o so_o shall_v you_o lie_v within_o the_o foreland_n stream_n between_o plymouth_n and_o the_o sept_n isle_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n it_o be_v 55._o fathom_n deep_a but_o 4._o league_n south_n south-west_n of_o plymouth_n it_o be_v but_o 35._o fathom_n south_n southeastward_o of_o the_o midland_n of_o the_o start_n it_o be_v 45._o fathom_n deep_a but_o from_o thence_o 5._o or_o 6._o league_n southeast_n you_o have_v 54._o fathom_n in_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o casket_n and_o portland_n it_o be_v 40._o fathom_n deep_a &_o a_o league_n northward_o off_o the_o isle_n of_o alderney_n be_v a_o hole_n or_o pit_n 80._o fathom_n deep_a all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o portland_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o alderney_n be_v of_o equal_a depth_n viz._n 40._o fathom_n when_o you_o be_v within_o kin_v of_o portland_n your_o sound_v be_v 34._o fathom_n and_o 3._o league_n off_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n 36._o fathom_n as_o also_o two_o league_n eastward_o of_o beachy_a between_o picardy_a and_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n the_o channel_n in_o the_o midst_n be_v 38._o fathom_n deep_a between_o winchelsey_n and_o picardy_a 24._o fathom_n the_o shall_v between_o the_o head_n call_v the_o vrowen-sand_n have_v but_o three_o fathom_n depth_n and_o a_o half_a but_o on_o the_o southside_n of_o it_o there_o be_v 24._o fathom_n and_o in_o all_o the_o fair_a way_n betwetne_n zealand_n and_o dover_n it_o be_v 24._o fathom_n deep_a a_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o north_n sea_n from_o england_n foreland_n or_o the_o mouth_n of_o flaunders_n in_o the_o channel_n and_o course_n from_o england_n fore-land_n and_o sand_n of_o flaunders_n you_o have_v 24._o fathom_n depth_n but_o three_o league_n northwest_o and_o by_o west_n of_o the_o country_n of_o zierickze_n there_o be_v a_o shall_v common_o call_v borbreck_n which_o have_v 4._o fathom_n depth_n without_o this_o shall_v the_o channel_n of_o zealand_n be_v 26._o fathom_n deep_a northwest_o of_o harlem_n 8._o or_o 9_o mile_n within_o the_o sea_n there_o begin_v a_o shelf_n common_o call_v the_o breed_n verthien_n reach_v alonge_v the_o coast_n of_o holland_n to_o the_o plain_n of_o ameland_n where_o it_o end_v over_o against_o harlem_n and_o egmond_n be_v 13._o 14._o and_o 15._o fathom_n depth_n and_o the_o ground_n be_v of_o all_o oase_n mingle_v with_o black_a sand_n like_a unto_o mustardseed_n the_o say_a shelf_n or_o shall_v have_v 15._o 16._o or_o 17._o fathom_n depth_n between_o texel_n and_o vlieland_n where_o the_o ground_n be_v gross_a red_a sand_n 6._o or_o 7._o league_n from_o shore_n for_o there_o the_o shall_v be_v narrow_a than_o it_o be_v towards_o the_o southend_n the_o channel_n without_o the_o shall_v between_o zealand_n and_o texel_n be_v 26_o fathom_n deep_a even_o as_o far_o as_o the_o shall_v which_o the_o fisher_n call_v doggsant_a in_o the_o channel_n on_o england_n side_n over_o against_o yermouth_n be_v 32._o fathom_n depth_n but_o right_o against_o flamborough_n and_o scarborough_n point_n 38._o fathom_n whereas_o the_o white_a shelf_n common_o call_v doggsant_n begin_v reach_v into_o the_o north_n sea_n to_o the_o channel_n of_o helichland_n this_o shall_v where_n it_o be_v within_o ken_n of_o flamborough_n point_n have_v but_o 9_o or_o 10._o fathom_n depth_n but_o when_o in_o the_o same_o sand_n you_o find_v 12._o fathom_n depth_n then_o texel_n be_v from_o you_o south_a almost_o 30._o league_n but_o when_o you_o be_v come_v to_o 16._o fathom_n depth_n then_o be_v you_o within_o 21._o league_n south_n southeast_n of_o vlieland_n a_o ship_n that_o come_v from_o the_o riff_o find_v 18._o faith_n depth_n on_o the_o foresay_a sand_n be_v then_o 20._o league_n south_n and_o by_o east_n of_o vlieland_n but_o come_v to_o 22._o fathom_n must_v then_o sail_v towards_o the_o vlie_a s._n and_o by_o westward_o and_o south_n southwestward_o but_o if_o in_o the_o channel_n of_o helichland_n 24._o 26._o fathom_n depth_n be_v find_v then_o must_v you_o sail_v south-west_n and_o s.w._n and_o by_o s._n and_o then_o be_v you_o come_v to_o the_o scellinghe_n but_o when_o as_o in_o helichland_n sound_v you_o have_v 27._o fathom_n then_o be_v you_o altogether_o to_o the_o eastward_n of_o it_o between_o the_o riff_o &_o the_o shall_v call_v doggersant_a the_o channel_n be_v 26._o faith_n deep_o without_o the_o channel_n westward_n it_o be_v 32._o faith_n deep_a a_o ship_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o english_a strait_n or_o out_o of_o zealand_n have_v at_o the_o riff_o 24._o fathom_n depth_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o noes_n in_o norway_n 18._o league_n almost_o north_n and_o by_o east_n but_o have_v 20._o fathom_n be_v 16._o league_n from_o it_o northward_o and_o find_v but_o 18._o fathom_n be_v then_o 18._o league_n off_o it_o north_n and_o by_o west_n the_o course_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o holmes_n be_v 12._o league_n north_n and_o by_o e._n and_o from_o thence_o towards_o the_o point_n of_o scakghens_n 18._o league_n northeast_n and_o by_o east_n there_o be_v a_o rock_n of_o one_o only_a fathom_n depth_n stand_v north-east_n and_o north-east_n and_o by_o east_n of_o the_o holmes_n two_o league_n from_o the_o shore_n the_o depth_n of_o the_o northern_a ocean_n near_o unto_o jutland_n and_o ameland_n in_o the_o sea_n without_o jutland_n a_o mile_n distant_a from_o dodenberg_n there_o be_v a_o bank_n call_v reef-horn_n stretch_v out_o 8._o league_n w._n &_o by_o s._n which_o in_o some_o place_n have_v but_o three_o fathom_n depth_n &_o in_o some_o place_n may_v be_v sail_v over_o and_o become_v a_o road_n for_o a_o northwest_o and_o a_o north_n wind_n in_o 20._o fathom_n depth_n from_o ameland_n towards_o the_o sea_n the_o ground_n be_v gross_a sand_n red_a and_o black_a mingle_v with_o shell_n from_o thence_o sail_v southward_o in_o 16._o fathom_n three_o hour_n you_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o smooth_a sea_n of_o ameland_n where_o your_o ground_n be_v fine_a sand_n mingle_v with_o shell_n north_n from_o schellinghe_n in_o 24._o fathom_n depth_n be_v find_v altogether_o fine_a white_a sand_n and_o afterwards_o in_o 18._o fathom_n white_a and_o black_a sand_n mingle_v vlieland_n have_v white_a sand_n mingle_v with_o shell_n and_o thin_a black_a sand_n in_o 16._o fathom_n depth_n from_o the_o west_n end_n of_o vlieland_n be_v great_a &_o red_a sand_n mingle_v with_o black_a like_o unto_o mustardseed_n about_o 6._o or_o 7._o league_n from_o the_o shore_n at_o the_o east_n end_n of_o schellingh_n to_o the_o seaward_n at_o 18._o fathom_n water_n be_v find_v fine_a white_a sand_n mingle_v with_o black_a have_v in_o it_o thing_n like_o needle_n over_o against_o borckom_n in_o the_o wester_fw-ge ems_n at_o 17._o or_o 18._o fathom_n depth_n land_n may_v be_v see_v the_o ground_n be_v of_o gross_a gravel_o sand_n at_o 14._o fathom_n depth_n may_v ameland_n be_v ken_v but_o schellingh_v at_o 16._o fathom_n and_o vliland_n at_o 15._o or_o 16._o fathom_n water_n any_o man_n may_v by_o night_n
trust_v to_o these_o measure_n at_o the_o north_n hooke_n of_o texel_n land_n may_v be_v see_v at_o 16._o fathom_n depth_n holland_n be_v see_v at_o 14._o or_o 15._o faith_n water_n when_o you_o sail_n within_o the_o shall_v call_v the_o breed_n veerthiene_n which_o begin_v at_o the_o northwest_o of_o harlem_n and_o stretch_v alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o holland_n to_o the_o west_n end_n of_o vliland_n and_o be_v 7._o or_o 8._o league_n distant_a from_o the_o shore_n the_o soundinge_n and_o ground_n of_o jutland_n near_o the_o point_n of_o the_o cimbrian_o common_o call_v schagen_n or_o schaw_n a_o great_a league_n west_n and_o by_o north_n from_o the_o schaw_n be_v 35._o fathom_n depth_n north_n north-east_n a_o great_a league_n of_o the_o corner_n of_o this_o point_n be_v find_v 38._o fathom_n depth_n and_o when_o the_o point_n be_v northwest_n from_o you_o than_o you_o have_v 17._o fathom_n water_n between_o this_o point_n and_o lesou_n the_o channel_n be_v 20._o faith_n deep_o and_o the_o ground_n like_o clay_n or_o dirt_n betwixt_o anhout_n and_o waersberg_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n be_v 22._o fathom_n water_n between_o lesou_n and_o anhout_n the_o ground_n be_v firm_a and_o stony_a near_o waersbergh_n be_v a_o shall_v of_o 17._o fathom_n depth_n between_o anhout_n and_o col_n be_v another_o shall_v of_o 17._o fathom_n where_o sometime_o it_o be_v troublesome_a like_o a_o whirepoole_n the_o depth_n and_o ground_n of_o the_o balthic_n or_o eastern_a sea_n between_o oeland_n and_o gothland_n the_o soundinge_n be_v unequal_a sometime_o of_o 20._o sometime_o of_o 23._o faith_n the_o ground_n of_o black_a and_o stony_a gross_a sand_n like_a unto_o pea_n when_o the_o south_n end_n of_o oeland_n be_v two_o league_n distant_a from_o you_o westward_n you_o have_v 27._o fathom_n water_n where_o also_o you_o may_v commodious_o gage_v water_n but_o when_o the_o chapel_n in_o sudernoorden_n bear_v west_n northwest_o off_o you_o then_o have_v you_o 31._o fathom_n depth_n and_o ground_n fit_a to_o gage_v water_n over_o against_o the_o rock_n in_o the_o fair_a way_n be_v 52._o fathom_n and_o a_o clay_n ground_n but_o fit_a for_o gage_v between_o the_o great_a and_o lesser_a carla_n you_o have_v 14._o faith_n depth_n under_o which_o be_v safe_a road_n for_o ship_n there_o be_v a_o shall_v between_o houburg_n &_o ostergard_n contain_v 24._o faith_n depth_n the_o ground_n be_v great_a red_a sand_n but_o hardly_o from_o thence_o can_v you_o ken_v gothland_n out_o of_o the_o top_n there_o be_v also_o to_o the_o eastward_o another_o shall_v of_o 36._o faith_n depth_n which_o when_o you_o be_v past_a you_o have_v more_o than_o 40._o fathom_n water_n when_o the_o point_n of_o right_n be_v 3._o league_n southeast_n from_o you_o then_o have_v you_o 30._o fathom_n depth_n but_o when_o it_o be_v from_o you_o half_o a_o league_n south_n southeaster_o you_o have_v 15._o fathom_n the_o ground_n be_v white_a sand_n but_o when_o it_o bear_v west_n a_o small_a league_n from_o you_o than_o you_o shall_v find_v 16._o fathom_n water_n over_o against_o heel_n half_a a_o league_n from_o the_o shore_n it_o be_v almost_o 32._o fathom_n deep_a the_o road_n for_o ship_n at_o heel_n have_v 25._o fathom_n depth_n between_o moan_n and_o falsterborn_n be_v 14._o fathom_n depth_n between_o stead_n and_o falsterborn_n in_o the_o very_a channel_n it_o be_v but_o 12._o faith_n deep_o near_o falsterborn_n it_o be_v full_a of_o shoalde_n but_o near_o sted_n you_o have_v 13._o fathom_n water_n between_o drakerriff_n and_o southolman_n which_o be_v more_o shoaldie_n there_o be_v 5._o fathom_n depth_n want_v two_o foot_n from_o thence_o towards_o the_o sound_n it_o be_v sometime_o deep_o as_o 6._o 7._o 8._o 9_o or_o 10._o fathom_n a_o description_n and_o portrait_n of_o the_o great_a parte_fw-la of_o the_o seacoaste_n of_o europe_n for_o asmuch_o as_n these_o particular_a sea_n chartes_n which_o i_o have_v set_v forth_o of_o the_o western_a eastern_a and_o northern_a navigation_n with_o the_o rest_n which_o i_o hope_v hereafter_o at_o the_o first_o opportunity_n to_o publish_v have_v their_o original_n and_o beginning_n from_o this_o general_a chart_fw-la of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o europe_n wherein_o you_o may_v plain_o perceive_v how_o the_o particular_a country_n be_v annex_v and_o join_v each_o to_o other_o and_o every_o one_o of_o they_o in_o his_o right_a place_n distance_z point_n of_o compass_n degree_n minute_n etc._n etc._n i_o have_v therefore_o think_v necessary_a to_o place_v this_o general_a table_n or_o portrait_n at_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o this_o book_n before_o all_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o end_n you_o may_v thereby_o the_o better_a seek_v and_o find_v out_o the_o particular_n observe_v the_o order_n and_o method_n of_o this_o book_n think_v it_o needless_a to_o make_v any_o large_a discourse_n thereof_o for_o the_o use_n of_o sail_a consider_v that_o the_o particular_a description_n with_o their_o 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ebb_v the_o little_a cross_n mark_v in_o this_o manner_n †_o along_o the_o coast_n near_o island_n and_o elsewhere_o betoken_v hide_a and_o dangerous_a rock_n of_o which_o you_o must_v careful_o beware_v and_o where_o the_o double_a cross_n be_v there_o lie_v great_a rock_n cover_v with_o the_o water_n these_o mark_n in_o the_o chartes_n be_v make_v thus_o a_o general_n card_n &_o description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o europa_n and_o navigation_n in_o this_o book_n contain_v semper_fw-la eadem_fw-la honi_fw-fr soit_fw-fr qvi_fw-fr mal_fw-fr y_fw-fr pense_fw-fr spqr_n judocus_fw-la hondius_n fe_o a_o true_a description_n of_o the_o vlie_n and_o the_o marsdeep_a two_o of_o the_o notable_a river_n of_o all_o holland_n from_o the_o northern_a unto_o the_o southern_a sea_n he_o that_o will_v sail_v from_o the_o north_n sea_n up_o to_o amsterdam_n or_o
inwards_o south_n and_o by_o east_n after_o you_o be_v in_o you_o may_v turn_v up_o eastward_o where_o you_o have_v 4._o or_o 6._o fathom_n water_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o haven_n lie_v a_o island_n where_o stand_v a_o light_a tower_n which_o you_o must_v set_v south_n and_o by_o east_n from_o you_o as_o you_o sail_v in_o where_o it_o be_v 3._o fathom_n deep_a machichaco_n a_o good_a haven_n lie_v five_o league_n from_o bilbao_n west_n south_n west_n and_o south-west_n &_o by_o west_n which_o from_o the_o west_n side_n stretch_v inward_o southest_n and_o by_o east_n in_o 8._o or_o 9_o fathom_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o entry_n you_o shall_v find_v a_o rock_n which_o you_o must_v leave_v on_o the_o larbord_n side_n you_o may_v also_o sail_v in_o at_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o rock_n but_o there_o you_o have_v but_o 3._o fathom_n from_o the_o entry_n the_o haven_n be_v wide_a and_o broad_a and_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o any_o place_n of_o the_o channel_n at_o 8._o 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you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o east_n point_n of_o the_o land_n then_o turn_v up_o eastward_o until_o you_o come_v to_o laredo_n where_o you_o may_v lay_v out_o anchor_n in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n but_o if_o you_o will_v bear_v into_o the_o haven_n within_o the_o two_o wall_n you_o must_v do_v it_o at_o high_a water_n for_o it_o be_v a_o port_n for_o bark_n and_o vessel_n of_o small_a burden_n there_o lie_v a_o shall_v amidst_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o haven_n where_o it_o be_v always_o very_o troublesome_a and_o may_v be_v sail_a about_o s._n ander_n lie_v four_o dutch_a league_n from_o s._n anthony_n mount_n hale_v along_o the_o west_n shore_n until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o great_a rock_n whereon_o stand_v a_o little_a house_n on_o either_o side_n whereof_o you_o may_v sail_v in_o s._n anders_n haven_n stretch_v in_o from_o the_o entrance_n northwest_o and_o have_v 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n water_n four_o dutch_a league_n from_o s._n ander_n lie_v s._n martyn_n it_o be_v very_o narrow_a as_o you_o come_v in_o and_o a_o bard_n haven_n and_o part_v itself_o inwards_o into_o two_o little_a stream_n five_o dutch_a league_n by_o west_n of_o s._n martyn_n stand_v s._n vincents_n who_o haven_n also_o be_v bar_v and_o have_v a_o rock_n stand_a westward_o of_o the_o entry_n and_o a_o little_a fillet_n or_o riff_o of_o sand_n from_o the_o east_n poyncte_fw-la you_o must_v sail_v in_o between_o this_o sand_n and_o the_o rock_n where_o it_o be_v narrow_a but_o within_o it_o be_v a_o round_a haven_n maintain_v by_o a_o little_a river_n three_o dutch_a league_n westward_o lie_v lhanes_n likewise_o a_o bard_n haven_n on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o which_o lie_v a_o bank_n sail_n in_o on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o it_o there_o be_v likewise_o a_o little_a river_n in_o these_o country_n be_v great_a store_n of_o wool_n iron_n chessenutte_n orange_n steel_n and_o rosin_n of_o all_o which_o thing_n there_o be_v great_a traffic_n the_o sea_n coast_n of_o byscuy_a between_o laredo_n and_o 〈◊〉_d even_o as_o they_o show_v when_o you_o pass_v before_o they_o a_o true_a description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n between_o rio_n de_fw-fr sella_n and_o auiles_n fix_v dutch_a league_n westward_o of_o l'hanes_n lie_v rio_n de_fw-fr sella_n if_o you_o will_v enter_v the_o haven_n mark_v the_o mast_n which_o stand_v upon_o the_o eastern_a shore_n near_o which_o you_o must_v enter_v because_o the_o west_n side_n be_v rocky_a and_o dangerous_a inward_n and_o be_v past_o the_o mast_n anchor_n before_o the_o town_n it_o be_v a_o bard_n haven_n villa_n viciosa_fw-la bear_v 10._o dutch_a league_n westward_o of_o rio_n de_fw-fr sella_n you_o must_v come_v in_o by_o the_o western_a shore_n because_o the_o eastern_a be_v slat_n and_o perilous_a right_o within_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n you_o shall_v find_v a_o little_a shall_v which_o appear_v at_o a_o low_a ebb_n this_o be_v likewise_o a_o bard_n haven_n the_o town_n stand_v on_o the_o west_n side_n whither_o you_o may_v sail_v &_o anchor_n in_o the_o large_a place_n six_o league_n from_o villa_n viciosa_fw-la westward_o lie_v sanpsons_n cape_n and_o on_o the_o east_n side_n thereof_o stand_v a_o little_a island_n with_o a_o small_a tower_n between_o these_o two_o be_v goodharborough_n and_o fair_a ground_n to_o anchor_n in_o at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o sanpson_n even_o right_o before_o the_o little_a port_n be_v likewise_o good_a ride_v in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n westward_o of_o sanpson_n lie_v gyon_n have_v a_o peer_n of_o stone_n under_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v lay_v their_o fisher_n boat_n a_o good_a dutch_a mile_n from_o thence_o westward_o be_v the_o bay_n of_o tores_n where_o be_v safe_a harbarough_n and_o 8._o or_o 9_o fathom_n water_n on_o the_o cape_n stand_v a_o high_a tower_n two_o league_n far_o westward_o lie_v cape_n de_fw-fr pennas_fw-la from_o whence_o a_o rue_v of_o rock_n stretch_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n two_o league_n from_o thence_o stand_v auiles_n the_o best_a port_n of_o all_o these_o coast_n on_o the_o eastside_n thereof_o be_v a_o chapel_n near_o unto_o the_o point_n you_o must_v pass_v until_o you_o be_v within_o two_o rock_n where_o it_o be_v wide_a and_o broad_a by_o the_o west_n point_n there_o run_v up_o a_o little_a sandy_a riff_o along_o the_o shore_n reach_v inwards_o by_o the_o haven_n towards_o the_o town_n where_o it_o be_v very_a shoaldie_n on_o both_o side_n and_o on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o haven_n lie_v two_o great_a rock_n right_a against_o the_o little_a church_n that_o stand_v by_o the_o sandy_a bay_n there_o be_v in_o these_o coast_n far_o great_a plenty_n and_o store_n of_o fruit_n wine_n and_o other_o good_a merchandise_n than_o be_v in_o biscay_n the_o map_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o biscay_n between_o rio_n de_fw-fr sella_n &_o auiles_n very_o naughty_a haven_n for_o great_a ship_n jodocus_n hondiusfe_n a_o description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o riba_n deos_fw-la biviero_n and_o lvarca_n from_o auiles_n unto_o luarca_n be_v six_o dutch_a league_n south-west_n and_o by_o west_n it_o be_v a_o haven_n for_o small_a ship_n and_o stretch_v southeast_n inward_o the_o eastside_n be_v dangerous_a but_o the_o west_n be_v good_a and_o fair_a riba_n deos_fw-la bear_v south-west_n and_o by_o west_n from_o luarca_n and_o be_v a_o good_a haven_n for_o all_o ship_n westward_o of_o it_o stand_v a_o sharp_a steeple_n and_o a_o little_a from_o thence_o into_o the_o sea_n lie_v a_o hide_a rock_n when_o you_o enter_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n two_o other_o tower_n come_v in_o sight_n at_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o haven_n the_o one_o on_o high_a the_o other_o below_o nigh_o the_o shore_n then_o conde_n through_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o channel_n until_o you_o come_v against_o the_o second_o or_o far_a tower_n within_o the_o haven_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n on_o both_o side_n at_o your_o pleasure_n but_o the_o west_n side_n be_v deep_a contain_v 4._o 5._o or_o 6._o fathom_n even_o up_o to_o riba_n deos_fw-la which_o stand_v upon_o a_o great_a bay_n the_o cape_n of_o brilo_n be_v six_o league_n northwest_o from_o riba_n deos._n westward_o from_o this_o cape_n stand_v s._n cyprian_n over_o against_o which_o lie_n two_o great_a round_a rock_n a_o league_n thence_o westward_o stand_v a_o island_n thwart_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n of_o biviero_n which_o you_o may_v sail_v about_o on_o both_o side_n yet_o best_a roam_v in_o be_v on_o the_o west_n side_n where_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o point_n you_o may_v anchor_n at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n two_o league_n to_o the_o west_n of_o s._n cyprian_n be_v s._n mark_v road_v which_o be_v a_o fair_a bay_n two_o league_n from_o thence_o be_v a_o
the_o channel_n unto_o the_o island_n roxo_fw-la and_o there_o anchor_n where_o you_o please_v but_o on_o the_o southside_n be_v 2._o or_o 3._o bay_n where_o be_v good_a anchor_n hold_v if_o you_o will_v go_v to_o puente_n vedra_n set_v in_o on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o isle_n blidedones_n which_o be_v a_o very_a flat_a land_n lie_v in_o length_n east_n north_n east_n about_o two_o dutch_a league_n then_o shall_v you_o come_v to_o a_o little_a island_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o haven_n which_o you_o shall_v leave_v on_o the_o larboorde_n to_o the_o southward_n of_o it_o you_o may_v perceive_v a_o tower_n on_o the_o main_n land_n before_o which_o you_o must_v sail_v and_o anchor_n at_o 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n four_o dutch_a league_n from_o puente_n vedra_fw-mi lie_v the_o island_n of_o bayon_n which_o to_o such_o as_o come_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n show_v like_o gray_a rock_n or_o cliff_n if_o you_o will_v go_v in_o at_o the_o north-side_n your_o course_n lie_v in_o mid_n water_n between_o these_o island_n and_o the_o main_n land_n until_o the_o channel_n of_o cannae_n or_o cangas_n and_o vigo_n be_v open_v unto_o you_o then_o go_v eastward_o in_o the_o haven_n be_v fair_a and_o large_a you_o may_v ride_v on_o both_o side_n either_o before_o vigo_n or_o cangas_n and_o may_v likewise_o go_v far_o in_o beyond_o the_o south_n point_n to_o rondello_n where_o both_o ship_n and_o lade_n may_v be_v self_n in_o the_o oase_n without_o cable_n or_o anchor_n but_o if_o you_o will_v sail_v in_o by_o the_o south_n island_n of_o bayone_n your_o course_n lie_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o say_a island_n and_o the_o main_n land_n until_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o point_n of_o bayon_n then_o set_v towards_o the_o east_n point_n of_o boyon_n whereupon_o stand_v a_o castle_n afterward_o turn_v southwarde_o behind_o the_o castle_n to_o the_o city_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n you_o may_v also_o cross_v over_o thence_o to_o vigo_n betwixt_o the_o point_n and_o the_o island_n or_o rock_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o haven_n at_o 3._o or_o 4._o fathom_n but_o if_o you_o will_v sail_v from_o the_o southermost_a island_n to_o vigo_n or_o cangas_n hold_v on_o two_o league_n north-east_n until_o you_o may_v see_v through_o between_o the_o main_n and_o the_o north_n island_n and_o that_o the_o city_n of_o cangas_n appear_v without_o the_o corner_n which_o be_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o haven_n then_o arise_v a_o low_a point_n on_o the_o starboard_n side_n hold_v on_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o the_o say_a point_n &_o the_o north_n land_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o what_o place_n you_o please_v both_o on_o the_o southside_n before_o vigo_n and_o on_o the_o north_n side_n before_o cangas_n in_o 12._o or_o 13._o fathom_n these_o country_n and_o port_n yield_v great_a abundance_n of_o orange_n chestnut_n and_o very_o small_a wine_n and_o thither_o be_v carry_v great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n to_o the_o great_a benefit_n and_o behoof_n of_o many_o merchant_n and_o mariner_n a_o description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o galicia_n beginning_n from_o cap_n de_fw-fr finisterre_fw-fr unto_o camino_n donne_n according_a unto_o the_o true_a situation_n &_o appear_v thereof_o *_o 1588._o *_o a_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o sea_n cost_v of_o the_o north_n part_n of_o portugal_n viz._n from_o viana_n to_o cape_n de_fw-fr montego_n about_o three_o dutch_a league_n to_o the_o southward_n of_o bayone_n stand_v a_o monastery_n upon_o the_o strand_n five_o dutch_a league_n from_o hence_o be_v the_o river_n of_o viana_n call_v rio_n de_fw-fr lymas_n at_o the_o entry_n whereof_o lie_v a_o notable_a ledge_n of_o rock_n that_o you_o may_v go_v clear_a of_o the_o same_o hold_v on_o still_o southward_o until_o the_o two_o fire_n or_o watch_v tower_n which_o stand_v upon_o south-land_n be_v bring_v in_o one_o for_o by_o these_o mark_n you_o may_v hale_v along_o the_o shore_n in_o 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n until_o the_o two_o house_n and_o the_o little_a steeple_n which_o you_o see_v upon_o the_o northside_n of_o the_o land_n be_v bring_v together_o then_o hold_v on_o so_o alonge_v the_o shore_n on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o rock_n whereon_o stand_v a_o mast_n until_o the_o river_n lie_v open_a before_o you_o then_o sail_v inward_o on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o second_o rock_n whereon_o also_o stand_v a_o mast_n then_o cross_v up_o northward_o to_o viana_n anchor_n at_o 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n in_o the_o very_a entry_n lie_v a_o bar_n whereon_o be_v two_o fathom_n water_n five_o dutch_a league_n south_n of_o viana_n stand_v villa_n del_o conde_n and_o at_o the_o entry_n of_o that_o haven_n be_v many_o rock_n round_o about_o which_o you_o may_v safe_o pass_v in_o 5._o or_o 6._o fathom_n depth_n farther_o inward_a lie_v a_o bar_n or_o a_o shall_v thwart_v all_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n and_o have_v 2._o fathom_n water_n the_o deep_a place_n in_o all_o the_o haven_n be_v not_o above_o 3._o or_o 4._o fathom_n but_o the_o best_a depth_n be_v to_o the_o southward_n it_o be_v a_o bard_n haven_n and_o in_o the_o north_n part_n full_a of_o rock_n and_o sand_n three_o league_n southward_o of_o villa_n del_fw-it conde_n lie_v the_o great_a high_a rock_n of_o leson_n half_a a_o league_n to_o the_o northward_o of_o the_o river_n of_o port_n de_fw-fr port_n call_v rio_n duero_n betwixt_o which_o rock_n and_o the_o main_n you_o may_v sail_v in_o on_o both_o side_n and_o there_o ride_v at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n for_o the_o ground_n be_v very_o good_a for_o anker_a there_o lie_v a_o rock_n under_o water_n half_o a_o league_n southwest_n of_o the_o west_n corner_n of_o the_o say_a rock_n the_o port_n of_o metellyn_n lie_v within_o the_o foresay_a high_a rock_n be_v a_o bard_n haven_n of_o 2._o fathom_n a_o league_n southward_o of_o lesons_n rock_n lie_v the_o river_n port_n de_fw-fr port._n into_o which_o you_o must_v hale_v on_o the_o northside_n keep_v all_o the_o rock_n northward_o of_o the_o river_n and_o sail_v along_o the_o south_n shore_n east_n and_o by_o north_n until_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o rock_n whereon_o stand_v a_o cross_n then_o fare_v you_o forward_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o river_n to_o the_o city_n port_n the_o port_n inward_n it_o be_v 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n but_o the_o entry_n be_v only_o 3._o or_o 4._o fathom_n deep_a at_o half_a flood_n you_o may_v enter_v likewise_o on_o the_o south_n side_n along_o the_o shore_n where_o at_o high_a water_n there_o be_v 3._o fathom_n from_o port_n the_o port_n to_o aueiro_n be_v 8._o league_n all_o the_o coast_n alongst_o the_o shore_n be_v down_n about_o the_o mouth_n of_o aueiro_n be_v ragged_a down_n and_o may_v hale_v along_o the_o strand_n at_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n when_o the_o high_a black_a hill_n within_o the_o land_n bear_v east_n and_o by_o south_n from_o you_o then_o be_v you_o in_o the_o entry_n and_o right_n before_o aueiro_n river_n when_o you_o be_v come_v in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n water_n you_o shall_v see_v three_o mast_n stand_v upon_o the_o shore_n which_o you_o must_v keep_v together_o bear_v inwards_o east_n and_o by_o south_n and_o east_n south_n east_n until_o you_o come_v near_o the_o shore_n where_o these_o mast_n stand_v by_o the_o sand_n bank_n then_o set_v northward_o and_o hold_v on_o near_o the_o north_n shore_n leave_v all_o the_o flatte_n on_o the_o starreboord_n until_o you_o have_v the_o river_n open_a before_o you_o then_o turn_v in_o again_o east_n south_n east_n up_o to_o aueiro_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n between_o both_o the_o coast_n at_o the_o entrance_n upon_o the_o shall_v at_o half_a flood_n you_o have_v but_o 2._o fathom_n until_o you_o be_v within_o it_o where_o you_o have_v 5._o or_o 6._o fathom_n depth_n five_o dutch_a league_n southward_o of_o aueiro_n bear_v the_o cape_n de_fw-fr montego_n and_o a_o eague_n to_o the_o southward_n of_o that_o cape_n lie_v the_o bard_n haven_n pisage_n half_o a_o league_n to_o the_o westward_a from_o thence_o in_o the_o sea_n lie_v a_o bank_n contain_v 6._o fathom_n water_n under_o which_o you_o may_v ride_v at_o 12._o or_o 13._o fathom_n under_o the_o burlynge_v which_o be_v portray_v in_o the_o next_o table_n you_o may_v cast_v anchor_n at_o 10._o fathom_n right_a against_o the_o hermitage_n where_o you_o have_v very_o fair_a ground_n these_o country_n yield_v store_n of_o wine_n orange_n oil_n and_o olive_n and_o much_o good_a salt_n be_v carry_v from_o aueiro_n but_o the_o city_n of_o port_n de_fw-fr port_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n of_o traffic_n in_o all_o these_o
red_a point_n lie_v a_o great_a white_a rock_n when_o you_o have_v bring_v this_o rock_n right_a over_o the_o black_a point_n you_o be_v hard_o abourde_v the_o blind_a rock_n that_o lie_v thwart_v the_o channel_n of_o dartmouth_n yet_o near_o to_o the_o eastward_o but_o when_o you_o come_v to_o discern_v the_o key_n of_o the_o town_n that_o stand_v on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o haven_n keep_v amid_o the_o channel_n until_o you_o may_v perfect_o see_v the_o same_o then_o hale_v inwards_o until_o you_o be_v within_o the_o two_o castle_n stand_v on_o the_o haven_n side_n and_o you_o shall_v go_v clear_a of_o the_o rock_n the_o haven_n be_v wide_o within_o you_o may_v turn_v westward_o and_o let_v fall_v anchor_n before_o the_o town_n or_o the_o brew-house_n where_o you_o listen_v three_o league_n eastward_o from_o thence_o be_v the_o road_n of_o torbay_n which_o be_v very_a self_n for_o a_o south-west_n wind_n you_o may_v likewise_o anchor_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o start_n where_o be_v good_a anchor_n hold_v in_o 8._o or_o 9_o fathan_fw-ge four_o league_n to_o the_o northward_o of_o torbay_n lie_v the_o bay_n of_o tynmouth_n a_o self_n harbour_n for_o a_o south_n wind_n where_o be_v also_o good_a ground_n for_o anker_a in_o 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n if_o you_o come_v out_o of_o the_o west_n into_o portland_n road_n hold_v on_o two_o cable_n length_n off_o alongst_o porteland_n shore_n and_o have_v past_o the_o point_n turn_v westward_n till_o you_o come_v to_o the_o castle_n where_o be_v good_a road_n against_o a_o south_n and_o south_n and_o by_o east_n wind_n at_o 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n northward_o of_o portland_n lie_v a_o little_a bard_n haven_n call_v weymouth_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n at_o 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n if_o you_o will_v ride_v under_o s._n aldomes_n land_n shun_v the_o needle_n of_o shipman_n pool_n and_o so_o sail_v into_o the_o town_n which_o at_o a_o low_a water_n you_o have_v anker_v at_o 3._o fathom_n these_o port_n yield_v almost_o nothing_o else_o but_o wool_n and_o clothe_v the_o inhabitant_n do_v live_v chief_o upon_o graze_v a_o description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o england_n between_o plymmouth_n &_o portland_n with_o the_o chief_a haven_n thereof_o according_a unto_o their_o situation_n a_o perfect_n description_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n between_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o dover_n to_o go_v in_o at_o the_o west_n end_n of_o wight_n you_o must_v look_v well_o to_o the_o tide_n for_o the_o flood_n set_v very_o sore_o upon_o the_o needle_n and_o the_o ebb_n likewise_o westward_o upon_o the_o shingel_n and_o chalky_a rock_n which_o lie_v westward_n of_o the_o needle_n and_o it_o be_v very_o narrow_a between_o the_o needle_n and_o the_o shingel_n wherefore_o sail_n direct_o with_o the_o needle_n very_o near_o they_o and_o keep_v the_o inner_a point_n of_o the_o isle_n right_a without_o the_o needle_n and_o when_o you_o be_v so_o come_v within_o the_o needle_n bear_v somewhat_o off_o the_o island_n between_o the_o chesell_n &_o the_o isle_n point_n because_o of_o the_o rock_n call_v the_o warden_n which_o lie_v on_o wight-side_n near_o the_o shore_n then_o turn_v eastward_o over_o against_o calshorte_a you_o must_v cast_v anchor_n in_o 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n but_o if_o you_o will_v enter_v at_o the_o east_n end_n of_o wight_n keep_v the_o castle_n right_a against_o the_o lime-kil_a that_o lie_v above_o portesmouth_n until_o that_o culuer_n cliff_n come_v within_o the_o point_n of_o the_o i_o will_v for_o than_o shall_v you_o have_v bring_v the_o lyme-kill_a to_o the_o east_n end_n of_o portesmouth_n which_o you_o must_v so_o hold_v until_o the_o castle_n which_o stand_v to_o the_o westward_a of_o portesmouth_n do_v appear_v on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o then_o ply_v sometime_o towards_o saint_n helen_n abbey_n keep_n your_o mark_n in_o this_o sort_n you_o shall_v take_v no_o hurt_n on_o the_o shoalde_v or_o sand_n but_o if_o you_o can_v see_v the_o limekill_n then_o shall_v you_o keep_v the_o castle_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o culuer_n cliff_n until_o you_o have_v bring_v s._n helen_n church_n with_o out_o the_o point_n of_o the_o island_n a_o ship_n length_n then_o may_v you_o free_o sail_v northwest_o up_o without_o any_o danger_n of_o the_o riff_o or_o tayle-sand_n that_o lie_v out_o then_o keep_v the_o square_a tower_n between_o the_o east_n end_n of_o portesmouth_n and_o the_o castle_n until_o you_o may_v see_v the_o castle_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o westside_n of_o portesmouth_n eastward_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o so_o may_v you_o go_v inwards_o the_o mark_n of_o these_o shoalds_z and_o flat_n be_v these_o viz._n the_o castle_n stand_a eastward_n of_o portesmouth_n and_o the_o square_a tower_n whereof_o i_o have_v now_o treat_v when_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o lymekill_n so_o much_o to_o the_o eastward_o of_o the_o castle_n that_o you_o may_v but_o see_v betwixt_o they_o then_o be_v you_o upon_o a_o little_a shall_v which_o at_o low_a water_n have_v 5._o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a and_o then_o have_v you_o the_o castle_n that_o stand_v on_o the_o west_n end_n of_o portesmouth_n at_o the_o west_n corner_n of_o the_o wood_n but_o when_o the_o square_a tower_n that_o stand_v by_o east_n of_o portesmouth_n be_v bring_v westward_o of_o the_o castle_n then_o the_o castle_n by_o west_n of_o portesmouth_n stand_v at_o the_o wood_n west_n end_n you_o have_v there_o at_o high_a water_n 6._o fathom_n and_o when_o the_o square_a tower_n be_v see_v between_o the_o east_n end_n of_o portsmouth_n and_o the_o castle_n and_o the_o castle_n stand_v right_a betwixt_o the_o limekill_n and_o the_o tower_n &_o likewise_o when_o the_o castle_n on_o the_o west_n end_n of_o portesmouth_n stand_v to_o the_o eastward_o of_o the_o wood_n then_o have_v you_o 11._o fathom_n at_o high_a water_n but_o when_o the_o limekill_n and_o portesmouth_n tower_n be_v one_o &_o the_o castle_n bear_v westward_o of_o the_o wood_n then_o have_v you_o 10._o fathom_n at_o high_a water_n and_o last_o when_o s._n helen_n lie_v south_n west_n and_o by_o west_n from_o you_o than_o the_o south_n east_n end_n of_o the_o shall_v bear_v north_n east_n and_o by_o north_n from_o you_o three_o league_n eastward_o of_o weenbridge_n lie_v arundel_n which_o be_v a_o bard_n haven_n &_o at_o half_a flood_n .2_o fathom_n deep_a you_o must_v go_v in_o by_o the_o west_n coast_n and_o let_v fall_v your_o anchor_n before_o the_o town_n in_o .5_o fathom_n four_o league_n from_o arundel_n stand_v new_a shoram_n the_o east_n side_n thereof_o have_v a_o gravel_o chesell_n where_o alonge_v you_o may_v sail_v in_o and_o in_o the_o entry_n you_o have_v .3_o fathan_fw-ge water_n at_o half_a flood_n in_o the_o midst_n before_o the_o haven_n lie_v rock_n under_o water_n the_o entry_n on_o the_o west_n side_n be_v wide_a and_o broad_a and_o be_v at_o half_a flood_n 2._o fathom_n deep_a the_o haven_n be_v large_a and_o broad_a within_o where_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n if_o you_o will_v sail_v into_o the_o cammer_n of_o rye_n shape_n your_o course_n alongst_o the_o shingel_n and_o when_o you_o shall_v be_v a_o cable_n length_n of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o shingel_n turn_v up_o towards_o the_o castle_n of_o winchelzey_n leave_v all_o the_o shore_n or_o shall_v mark_n on_o your_o starbord_v then_o let_v fall_v your_o anchor_n in_o the_o river_n of_o rye_n call_v the_o rother_n at_o 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n for_o the_o cammer_n where_o in_o time_n past_a we_o be_v wont_a to_o lie_v be_v now_o foul_a &_o full_a of_o shoalde_n these_o country_n yield_v little_a else_o but_o wool_n clothe_v and_o fier-wood_n which_o be_v transport_v from_o thence_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o england_n between_o the_o i_o will_v of_o wight_n &_o dover_n with_o the_o principal_a haven_n thereof_o according_a to_o their_o situation_n and_o appear_v *_o honi_fw-fr soit_fw-fr qvi_fw-fr mal_fw-fr y_fw-fr pense_fw-fr the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o mariners_z mirror_n contain_v in_o diverse_a perfect_a plot_n &_o sea_n charts_n both_o the_o northern_a and_o eastern_a navigation_n viz._n from_o the_o strait_n between_o dover_n and_o calais_n the_o coast_n of_o england_n scotland_n norway_n emdenyutland_n a_o with_o all_o the_o sound_n of_o denmark_n &_o the_o baltic_a sea_n unto_o wiburgh_n and_o the_o name_n with_o their_o particular_a description_n trafik_n and_o commodity_n a_o perfect_n description_n and_o portrait_n of_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o england_n viz._n of_o thames_n the_o river_n of_o london_n and_o of_o all_o the_o sand_n bank_n flatte_n and_o shoalde_v unto_o harwich_n if_o you_o come_v from_o the_o west_n and_o will_v pass_v within_o the_o goodwin_n to_o the_o foreland_n first_o shape_n your_o course_n north_n north-east_n
sea_n page_n 23_o the_o course_n of_o norway_n swedland_n and_o east_n finland_n page_n 23_o diverse_a course_n over_o the_o baltic_a or_o eastern_a sea_n page_n 23_o the_o course_n of_o frizeland_n yutland_n pomerland_n curland_n and_o lyfland_n page_n 24_o the_o course_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o moscovie_n and_o general_o of_o all_o our_o traffic_v page_n 24_o a_o table_n of_o the_o altitude_n or_o latitude_n of_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o most_o famous_a place_n point_n and_o cape_n page_n 25_o a_o explication_n of_o the_o common_a table_n of_o the_o tide_n page_n 26_o what_o moon_n make_v full_a sea_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o yutland_n frizeland_n holland_n and_o zealand_n page_n 26_o full_a sea_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o flaunders_n normandy_n britain_n gascoyn_n biscay_n gallicia_n portugal_n and_o spain_n page_n 26_o full_a sea_n upon_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n page_n 26_o a_o instruction_n to_o know_v how_o many_o league_n you_o sail_v upon_o every_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n for_o a_o degree_n page_n 27_o a_o declaration_n of_o the_o table_n follow_v page_n 27_o the_o compass_n and_o table_n of_o the_o ebbing_n and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n page_n 27_o a_o compass_n and_o table_n to_o find_v out_o the_o tide_n of_o all_o coast_n page_n 27_o a_o declaration_n of_o the_o table_n which_o contain_v all_o the_o full_a sea_n &_o fall_a water_n upon_o the_o same_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n page_n 29_o the_o perfect_a table_n or_o tide_n chart._n page_n 30_o the_o ebb_n and_o fall_a water_n a-longst_a the_o coast_n of_o frizeland_n holland_n zealand_n and_o flaunders_n page_n 32_o fall_v water_n a-longst_a the_o north_n coast_v of_o scotland_n and_o england_n page_n 32_o fall_v water_n between_o britain_n and_o france_n page_n 32_o fall_v water_n a-longst_a the_o west_n coast_v of_o england_n and_o ireland_n page_n 32_o a_o perfect_a description_n of_o the_o depth_n and_o sounding_n never_o to_o diverse_a province_n 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the_o quasquet_n etc._n etc._n page_n 5_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_v between_o s._n mallos_n and_o beyond_o the_o port_n of_o roscou_n page_n 6_o of_o conquer_v breast_n and_o fontenay_n page_n 7_o the_o wonderful_a coast_n of_o britayn_n of_o the_o south_n coast_v of_o britayn_n between_o blavet_fw-la and_o picquely_a with_o bellisle_n and_o groy_n page_n 8_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_v of_o picquely_a rochel_n brovage_n as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n of_o bourdeaux_n page_n 9_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_v of_o acason_n bayon_n and_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o biscay_n unto_o castro_n page_n 10_o of_o the_o sea_n cost_v between_o laredo_n and_o sentilliana_n page_n 11_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_v between_o rio_n de_fw-fr sella_n and_o auiles_n page_n 12_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_v of_o ribadeos_n biviero_n and_o luarca_n page_n 13_o of_o corunna_n call_v the_o groin_n ferolis_n and_o monsy_n the_o chief_a port_n of_o gallicia_n page_n 14_o of_o the_o coast_n of_o gallicia_n from_o the_o cape_n of_o finisterre_n to_o camino_n page_n 15_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_v of_o the_o north_n part_n of_o portugal_n from_o viana_n to_o cape_n de_fw-fr montego_n page_n 16_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o the_o most_o notable_a part_n of_o portugal_n viz._n from_o the_o burling_n to_o beyond_o s._n yue_n page_n 17_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o algarbe_n the_o southern_a part_n of_o portugal_n page_n 18_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_n and_o haven_n of_o andaluzia_n page_n 19_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_n from_o the_o surling_n the_o far_a part_n of_o england_n to_o plymouth_n page_n 20_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o england_n between_o plymouth_n and_o portland_n page_n 21_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_n between_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o dover_n page_n 22_o the_o table_n of_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o thames_n mouth_n with_o all_o the_o sand_n &_o shoald_n unto_o harwicâ—_n i_o the_o north_n coast_v of_o england_n between_o walderswick_a and_o burnam_n two_o the_o coast_n and_o channel_n 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and_o of_o the_o island_n adjoin_v xiiii_o of_o the_o isle_n of_o oesel_n li_v between_o the_o belt_n and_o the_o bay_n of_o right_n xv_o of_o prusland_n whereof_o dantzick_n be_v the_o chief_a mart._n xvi_o of_o the_o coast_n of_o pomerland_n and_o the_o country_n adjoin_v xvii_o of_o the_o newdeep_a that_o stretch_v up_o to_o statin_n and_o mesound_v and_o the_o sea_n coast_v of_o metellenburgh_n lubick_n the_o belt_n greensound_n moon_n etc._n etc._n xviii_o of_o the_o belt_n and_o all_o the_o island_n rock_n and_o shoalds_z between_z lalands_n riff_o and_o steven_n head_n xix_o the_o uttermost_a coast_n of_o yutland_n opposite_a to_o norway_n xx_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o yutland_n with_o the_o island_n thereunto_o belong_v xxi_o of_o ider_v ditmers_n and_o the_o sea_n coast_v adjoin_v xxii_o of_o the_o sea_n coast_v of_o fryzland_n with_o the_o river_n of_o weser_n and_o emes_n and_o of_o schalbalch_n xxiii_o of_o the_o use_n and_o practise_v of_o this_o book_n whosoever_o will_v use_v these_o chart_n of_o seafaring_a as_o they_o ought_v and_o as_o the_o practice_n itself_o require_v must_v first_o know_v and_o diligent_o mark_v that_o the_o several_a arising_n and_o appear_v of_o every_o country_n be_v particular_o portray_v in_o the_o uppermost_a part_n of_o the_o chart_n or_o else_o where_o be_v great_a room_n and_o sometime_o in_o the_o map_n follow_v for_o the_o fitness_n of_o the_o place_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o chart_fw-la of_o flaunders_n where_o the_o chief_a appearance_n of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o uppermost_a part_n of_o the_o chart_fw-la in_o the_o same_o fashion_n as_o they_o show_v and_o appear_v first_o to_o those_o which_o come_v from_o the_o sea_n which_o may_v be_v know_v by_o mountain_n valley_n wood_n hill_n cliff_n tower_n city_n beakon_v or_o cape_n etc._n etc._n but_o after_o that_o the_o coast_n be_v descry_v a_o skilful_a pilot_n must_v consider_v how_o he_o may_v sail_v thither_o and_o upon_o what_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n the_o haven_n or_o river_n lie_v what_o bank_n shoald_n tail_n sand_n rock_n under_o and_o above_o water_n what_o blind_a rock_n you_o must_v shun_v and_o what_o depth_n be_v near_o the_o shore_n and_o be_v come_v near_o what_o shore_n mark_n steeple_n windmill_n hill_n and_o cliff_n &_o what_o tree_n be_v to_o be_v bring_v in_o one_o to_o come_v to_o the_o true_a depth_n or_o channel_n moreover_o how_o the_o buy_v be_v set_v near_o the_o haven_n or_o river_n both_o in_o go_v out_o and_o come_n in_o and_o how_o far_o they_o lie_v one_o from_o another_o and_o that_o be_v express_v at_o large_a and_o in_o good_a order_n in_o the_o several_a description_n of_o every_o chart_fw-la and_o see_v that_o many_o which_o be_v never_o at_o sea_n will_v not_o without_o cause_n marvel_v when_o they_o see_v
here_o and_o there_o with_o some_o house_n to_o get_v the_o channel_n or_o passage_n between_o the_o foresay_a rock_n and_o bay_n you_o must_v sail_v 2._o cable_n length_n from_o the_o say_a rock_n almost_o south_n southeast_n keep_v s._n matthewes_n abbey_n in_o the_o valley_n eastward_o from_o conquer_v point_n then_o bear_v inwards_o until_o you_o come_v to_o blanc-haven_n or_o conquer_v point_n hale_v then_o to_o the_o outwards_n until_o s._n mathewes_n abbey_n be_v open_a unto_o you_o without_o conquer_v point_n sail_v alonge_v he_o cables_n length_n off_o for_o so_o shall_v you_o not_o strike_v upon_o the_o bell_n which_o lie_v off_o conquer_v point_n almost_o three_o cable_n length_n but_o keep_v flemyne_n bay_fw-mi full_a west_n of_o the_o white_a friar_n call_v the_o blanc_n moine_n but_o when_o you_o may_v plain_o discern_v conquer_v you_o be_v thwart_v the_o rock_n call_v les_fw-fr fenestriers_n which_o lie_v under_o water_n at_o the_o east_n side_n of_o conquer_v haven_n but_o if_o be_v at_o sea_n you_o must_v turn_v in_o bring_v s._n mathewes_n abbey_n right_a without_o conquer_v point_n and_o sail_v again_o about_o the_o rock_n call_v the_o hagle_n which_o lie_v almost_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o way_n from_o vshant_n there_o be_v a_o harbour_n betwixt_o fenestrier_n and_o the_o blanc_n moine_n under_o s._n matthewes_n point_n in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n and_o if_o you_o will_v put_v over_o from_o s._n matthewes_n point_n to_o the_o race_n of_o fonteneau_n you_o must_v conde_n the_o ship_n from_o blancs_n moine_v south_n and_o by_o east_n until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o emperor_n and_o empere_n rock_n call_v the_o keisar_n and_o keiserine_n but_o as_o you_o must_v not_o press_v to_o near_o keisar_n lest_o you_o strike_v upon_o the_o rock_n which_o lie_v under_o water_n so_o great_a heed_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o you_o be_v not_o carry_v away_o with_o the_o tide_n or_o currente_n which_o common_o set_v in_o towards_o the_o keiserine_n upon_o the_o shall_v call_v the_o calf_n which_o stretch_v down_o from_o keiserine_n like_o a_o tongue_n and_o it_o be_v always_o there_o as_o a_o whirlpool_n and_o very_o tempestuous_a the_o race_n of_o fonteneau_n lie_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n south_n southwest_n but_o bresont_n stretch_v into_o the_o sea_n west_n and_o by_o south_n four_o dutch_a league_n from_o s._n matthewes_n the_o mark_n to_o cross_v the_o race_n from_o s._n mathewes_n to_o the_o keyser_n be_v the_o mill_n of_o fenestrier_n stand_v direct_o westward_o off_o s._n matthewes_n abbey_n but_o if_o you_o will_v sail_v to_o croixduyn_n from_o s._n matthewes_n point_n hold_v on_o east_n and_o by_o south_n so_o that_o you_o keep_v still_o the_o southermost_a part_n of_o the_o rock_n call_v the_o cheminees_n without_o blancs_n moine_n until_o you_o get_v the_o bay_n of_o crodune_n and_o the_o chapel_n appear_v on_o the_o gravel_o shore_n towards_o which_o chapel_n you_o may_v safe_o bear_v and_o there_o anchor_n in_o 9_o or_o 10._o fathom_n over_o against_o crodun_fw-la by_o the_o north_n shore_n lie_v bertrandes-bay_n be_v a_o very_a good_a harbour_n for_o a_o north_n and_o northwest_n wind_n but_o he_o which_o will_v go_v up_o to_o breast_n or_o landerneau_n must_v get_v good_a pilot_n for_o it_o be_v all_o sound_a water_n the_o collignier_n bear_v south_n southeast_n about_o a_o league_n &_o a_o half_a from_o s._n matthewes_n point_n the_o faukenes_n lie_v off_o from_o the_o west_n point_n of_o crodun_fw-la about_o the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o league_n west_n south-west_n the_o southermost_a faukenes_n stand_v from_o the_o northermost_a about_o half_a a_o league_n south_n southeast_n and_o be_v under-water_n at_o a_o high_a springtide_n a_o cable_n length_n off_o north_n north-east_n lie_v a_o blind_a rock_n which_o at_o low_a ebb_n be_v even_o with_o the_o water_n this_o south_n faukenes_n bear_v north-east_n and_o by_o north_n from_o crodun_fw-la there_o be_v also_o another_o hide_a rock_n westward_n from_o the_o north-east_n faukenes_n which_o appear_v at_o low_a water_n the_o rock_n call_v the_o hen_n lie_v distant_a from_o faukenes_n west_n south-west_n two_o cable_n length_n there_o be_v another_o call_v the_o chicken_n almost_o northwest_n and_o by_o west_n from_o the_o hen_n be_v two_o sharp_a rock_n which_o at_o a_o great_a ebb_n be_v either_o even_a or_o little_a above_o the_o water_n there_o lie_v also_o a_o rock_n east_n and_o by_o south_n from_o s._n matthewes_n point_n lie_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o bertrandes-bay_n by_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o water_n of_o breast_n and_o these_o be_v his_o mark_n viz._n when_o the_o southermost_a of_o the_o rock_n call_v cheminees_n be_v one_o with_o s._n matthewes_n point_n than_o you_o strike_v upon_o this_o rock_n but_o if_o it_o appear_v a_o little_a without_o than_o you_o go_v clear_a west_n penmarques_n be_v a_o bard_n haven_n which_o be_v to_o be_v enter_v on_o the_o east-side_n along_o the_o shore_n and_o leave_v the_o great_a rock_n on_o the_o starre-boord_n side_n which_o be_v once_o past_a you_o may_v anchor_n at_o three_o fathom_n water_n for_o as_o you_o come_v in_o without_o the_o rock_n you_o have_v 8._o or_o 9_o fathom_n you_o may_v also_o sail_v within_o the_o east_n penmarques_n for_o the_o main_n be_v sandy_a strande_n where_o you_o may_v anchor_n in_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n very_o safe_o near_o unto_o the_o isle_n of_o morton_n for_o there_o be_v fair_a ground_n the_o sea_n card_n of_n britain_n contain_v the_o coast_n bay_n isle_n and_o haven_n that_o lie_v between_o rouscou_n and_o groye_n very_o diligent_o correct_v annus_n 1588._o a_o exact_a description_n of_o the_o south_n coast_n of_o britain_n between_o blavet_fw-la and_o picquely_a wherein_o be_v also_o contain_v belisle_n and_o groy_n to_o sail_n into_o blavet_fw-la when_o you_o have_v the_o east_n point_n of_o the_o island_n call_v groy_n south_n and_o by_o west_n then_o be_v you_o come_v to_o the_o entry_n thereof_o which_o stretch_v inwards_o north_n north-east_n where_o be_v a_o very_a safe_a harbour_n for_o any_o wind_n or_o wether_n at_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n water_n in_o the_o entry_n you_o have_v 4._o fathom_n water_n but_o there_o lie_v some_o shoald_n which_o you_o must_v shun_v on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o entry_n stand_v a_o great_a sharp_a steeple_n there_o be_v also_o under_o groy_n good_a ground_n for_o anker_a 7._o or_o 8._o fathom_n deep_a and_o safe_a harbour_n for_o a_o south-west_n wind_n but_o beware_v of_o the_o southeast_n shore_n for_o it_o be_v rocky_a ground_n but_o if_o you_o will_v harbour_v under_o belisle_n you_o may_v go_v in_o on_o both_o side_n all_o at_o large_a where_o you_o may_v let_v fall_v your_o anchor_n at_o 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n water_n by_o s._n paul_n spire_n steeple_n but_o at_o a_o north-east_n or_o north_n northwest_n wind_n you_o must_v way_n and_o ply_v up_o to_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o island_n where_o 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eight_o league_n and_o your_o course_n lie_v from_o thence_o south_n south-west_n and_o north_n north-east_n the_o belt_n run_v in_o between_o longland_n and_o laland_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o laland_n stretch_v out_o a_o riff_o into_o the_o sea_n a_o league_n distant_a from_o langland_n when_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o tower_n of_o maschou_n northwest_o from_o you_o then_o do_v you_o strike_v upon_o the_o riff_o wherefore_o shape_n your_o course_n near_o longland_n side_n in_o 5._o fathom_n water_n and_o so_o shall_v you_o go_v clear_a of_o the_o point_n call_v laland_n haecken_v but_o when_o the_o say_a tower_n bear_v east_n north-east_n from_o you_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o point_n than_o conde_n northward_o unto_o sproy_n alongst_o langeland_n under_o the_o isle_n of_o moon_n be_v good_a anchor_n ground_n on_o both_o side_n albeit_o from_o the_o north_n coast_n there_o stretch_v out_o a_o riff_o within_o which_o you_o may_v anchor_n and_o on_o the_o south_n side_n there_o be_v 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sproy_n and_z asmuch_o from_o knoutshead_n now_o riems_n be_v a_o island_n about_o the_o point_n of_o finland_n and_o can_v hardly_o be_v sail_v about_o for_o that_o there_o want_v water_n at_o the_o west_n side_n under_o it_o there_o be_v good_a road_n on_o both_o side_n in_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n the_o uttermost_a part_n of_o swyneland_n lie_v north_n and_o by_o west_n two_o league_n from_o riem_n from_o hence_o the_o isle_n of_o samson_n lie_v about_o two_o great_a league_n on_o the_o south_n side_n whereof_o be_v many_o straggle_a shoald_n of_o two_o or_o three_o fathom_n between_o the_o north_n point_n of_o finland_n and_o the_o south_n point_n of_o samson_n you_o may_v sail_v into_o meluersound_n which_o run_v between_o yutland_n and_o fynland_n it_o have_v many_o port_n wherein_o ship_n be_v fraught_v to_o wit_n flensbourgh_n hadderslo_n meluer_n and_o many_o other_o little_a town_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o particular_a table_n from_o riems_n northwest_o four_o league_n lie_v a_o shall_v call_v the_o beltsack_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o channel_n from_o whence_o three_o league_n to_o the_o north_n north_n east_n stand_v a_o high_a rocky_a island_n call_v wero_n this_o course_n or_o channel_n have_v 10._o or_o 12._o fathom_n there_o be_v three_o or_o four_o other_o rock_n or_o holmes_n to_o the_o westward_n between_o which_o in_o many_o place_n you_o may_v sail_v in_o small_a boat_n but_o the_o course_n be_v most_o perilous_a because_o it_o be_v full_a of_o rock_n and_o shoald_n between_o the_o samson_n and_o the_o wero_n about_o north-east_n from_o wero_n be_v syro_n a_o little_a island_n between_o these_o two_o be_v a_o most_o dangerous_a sand_n call_v hatter_n riff_o yet_o keep_v on_o your_o course_n a_o quarter_n of_o a_o league_n of_o they_o you_o shall_v go_v clear_a of_o it_o you_o have_v 4._o or_o 5._o fathom_n water_n on_o the_o side_n next_o to_o wero_n but_o on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o syro_n you_o have_v deep_a water_n fit_v 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southeast_n and_o by_o east_n from_o the_o north_n coast_n of_o hasel_n about_o two_o great_a league_n north_n east_n and_o by_o north_n lie_v the_o shoalde_v of_o looseground_o or_o quicksande_v which_o have_v not_o past_o four_o or_o five_o foot_n water_n the_o island_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o be_v of_o the_o ship_n if_o you_o set_v sail_n from_o out_o of_o the_o sound_n with_o a_o west_n wind_n take_v heed_n of_o these_o shoalde_n but_o if_o you_o will_v set_v from_o stephen_n head_n towards_o sebuy_n you_o shall_v meet_v with_o a_o bank_n of_o 6._o or_o 7._o fathom_n call_v sweeter_v thwart_v off_o aelburgh_n sound_n but_o when_o you_o be_v come_v so_o far_o that_o the_o high_a hill_n behind_o sebuy_n begin_v to_o appear_v to_o you_o northwest_o and_o by_o north_n set_v your_o course_n north_n northwest_n and_o when_o you_o have_v shallow_a water_n then_o
and_o the_o high_a down_o of_o ameren_n north._n sail_v in_o north_n north_n east_n by_o the_o out_o shoald_n but_o when_o you_o be_v within_o a_o little_a way_n hold_v on_o north_n east_n and_o by_o north_n to_o voren_n keep_v the_o isle_n of_o voren_n on_o your_o larboard_o and_o the_o north_n maze_n on_o your_o starreboord_n side_n the_o small_a deep_o have_v at_o half_a flood_n two_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a but_o if_o you_o will_v sail_v from_o holy_a land_n to_o the_o river_n of_o hever_n set_v north_n east_n a_o little_a more_o easterly_a when_o you_o have_v bring_v the_o tower_n of_o pielworme_n north_n east_n &_o by_o north_n &_o a_o cable_n length_n northward_o of_o the_o southern_a koehuse_v or_o cowhouse_n you_o be_v at_o the_o outtermost_a buy_v thence_o hold_v on_o to_o the_o second_o north_n east_n and_o north-east_n &_o by_o east_n and_o the_o tower_n of_o pielworman_n will_v stand_v north_n north-east_n but_o continue_v your_o course_n from_o the_o second_o buy_v to_o 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till_o you_o perceive_v the_o tower_n of_o gartingen_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o down_n and_o north-east_n and_o by_o north_n from_o you_o by_o these_o mark_n sail_v alongst_o by_o the_o shall_v call_v blaewart_n as_o long_o as_o you_o have_v v._o or_o vi_o fathom_n where_o you_o may_v gage_v water_n but_o when_o you_o have_v bring_v wisselen-beeren_a east_n and_o by_o north_n at_o v._o or_o vi_fw-la fathom_n enter_v east_n southeast_n and_o east_n and_o by_o south_n turn_v sometime_o eastward_o until_o you_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o new_a ground_n for_o than_o will_v the_o beacon_n upon_o the_o shall_v of_o the_o hont_n stand_v south_n southeast_n from_o you_o but_o when_o the_o church_n of_o taringhen_n appear_v a_o ship_n length_n eastward_o of_o the_o village_n ee_v you_o be_v pass_v the_o new_a ground_n then_o hold_v on_o about_o a_o league_n and_o half_a north_n north-east_n towards_o the_o green_a land_n call_v coeberge_n and_o if_o you_o be_v to_o take_v in_o any_o ox_n hale_v alongst_o this_o shore_n north_n north-east_n bear_v sometime_o somewhat_o more_o casterlie_o to_o vlckehorne_n into_o the_o channel_n call_v doodebalge_n which_o you_o must_v warp_v out_o of_o but_o when_o you_o be_v right_a against_o the_o south_n side_n of_o coeberge_n there_o you_o enter_v into_o the_o channel_n call_v hetlanddeep_o which_o stretch_v down_o from_o the_o little_a down_n on_o the_o south-west_n and_o from_o thence_o reach_v eyder_n straight_o up_o to_o â—onnenghen_fw-mi first_fw-mi east_n and_o east_n &_o by_o north_n alongst_o dinner_n shore_n &_o then_o north-east_n to_o tonnenghen_n the_o depth_n of_o eyder_n be_v almost_o in_o every_o place_n like_o and_o at_o half_a flood_n it_o have_v v._o vi_o or_o seven_o fathom_n if_o you_o will_v from_o eyder_n to_o the_o pipe_n set_v small_a sail_n a_o while_n until_o the_o church_n of_o tatinghen_n appear_v right_a to_o the_o most_o easterly_a house_n of_o ee_n then_o sail_v between_o the_o uttermost_a part_n of_o hont_n and_o the_o shall_v of_o blaeworte_n about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n where_o at_o half_a flood_n you_o shall_v find_v two_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a water_n so_o hold_v on_o a_o little_a you_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o channel_n of_o pipe_n in_o v._o or_o vi_fw-la fathom_n there_o set_v almost_o east_n southeast_n until_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o beacon_n and_o from_o thence_o southeast_n and_o by_o east_n somewhat_o more_o southerly_a towards_o the_o shoald_n of_o hunen_n whereon_o stand_v a_o beacon_n and_o there_o have_v you_o safe_a harbour_n for_o any_o wind_n you_o may_v also_o turn_v in_o northward_a within_o the_o riff_o or_o shall_v and_o anchor_n before_o buysen_n if_o you_o will_v go_v from_o buysen_n to_o the_o ell_n run_v through_o the_o channel_n call_v black_a stroome_n almost_o south-west_n where_o you_o have_v in_o the_o way_n two_o or_o three_o beacon_n set_v they_o on_o the_o starboard_n side_n as_o you_o sail_v out_o and_o you_o shall_v enter_v the_o ell_n near_o unto_o the_o seven_o buy_v and_o then_o shall_v you_o have_v neweworke_n almost_o south-west_n from_o you_o if_o you_o will_v sail_v to_o the_o ell_n from_o holy_a land_n your_o course_n be_v southeast_n and_o by_o east_n and_o when_o the_o mark_n be_v one_o you_o find_v the_o outermost_a or_o first_o buy_v and_o the_o neweworke_n will_v stand_v from_o you_o southeast_n and_o by_o south_n from_o the_o first_o buy_v to_o the_o second_o set_a east_n and_o east_n and_o by_o south_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o buy_v that_o lie_v by_o the_o new_a entry_n east_n north-east_n and_o north-east_n and_o by_o east_n this_o buy_v lie_v from_o the_o neweworke_n south_n and_o south_n and_o by_o east_n hold_v on_o from_o the_o buy_v call_v coolton_n to_o the_o four_o buy_v north-east_n somewhat_o more_o easterly_a from_o whence_o to_o the_o five_o buy_v east_n north-east_n and_o from_o the_o five_o to_o the_o sixth_o sail_n east_n somewhat_o to_o the_o northwards_o the_o sixth_o buy_v and_o the_o new_a work_n lie_v south-west_n and_o by_o south_n and_o the_o north_n east_n and_o by_o north_n these_o buy_v lie_v not_o as_o they_o be_v wont_a but_o be_v new_a place_v in_o a_o rank_n not_o far_o from_o the_o new_a shoalde_n wherefore_o look_v diligent_o to_o your_o tide_n about_o these_o four_o or_o five_o buy_v for_o the_o flood_n enter_v southeaster_o through_o the_o new_a shoalde_n and_o the_o ebb_n contrariwise_o set_v through_o the_o northern_a shoalde_n but_o you_o may_v sound_v the_o new_a shoalde_n in_o v._o or_o vi_o fathom_n viz._n from_o the_o four_o buy_v to_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o new_a shoalder_n from_o the_o vi_fw-la buy_v to_o the_o seven_o your_o course_n lie_v east_n and_o by_o south_n and_o east_n southeast_n and_o from_o the_o seven_o to_o the_o viij_o southeast_n and_o south_n east_n and_o by_o east_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o nine_o where_o the_o shall_v be_v call_v kos_n southeast_n and_o southeast_n and_o by_o south_n then_o from_o this_o buy_v to_o the_o shall_v call_v meem_n southeast_n and_o by_o east_n &_o from_o meem_n to_o crutporte_v or_o the_o first_o buy_v which_o lie_v in_o the_o open_a stream_n east_n southeast_n and_o then_o set_v towards_o the_o shall_v call_v pilgrimsand_n or_o the_o buy_v in_o do_v east_n and_o by_o south_n which_o you_o may_v sail_v unto_o in_o four_o or_o v._o fathom_n water_n from_o thence_o to_o brunsbuttell_n hold_v eastward_o next_o to_o the_o shall_v of_o saltshorne_n or_o friburghe_n eastward_o alongst_o the_o north_n shore_n then_o keep_v east_n southeast_n alongst_o the_o north_n shore_n to_o the_o buy_v which_o lie_v over_o against_o steur_n and_o then_o forward_o to_o the_o buy_v that_o lie_v upon_o rugeroâ—tesande_n southeast_n and_o southeast_n and_o by_o east_n this_o