Scotland S. Andrevvs Bay beareth northward of Fisnes where is salfe harborough for a western wind from S. Andrevvs three leagues northward lieth the riuer of Donde which stretcheth directly in from the sea may anker before the citie of Donde A litle farther in standeth a towne called S. Iohns there lieth also a rocke called the Scaepe before the riuers mouth about halfe a league off the shore South eastward from Donde Two leagues to the North Eastward of Donde standeth a high tower vpon the point called Albror from whence lieth the hauen of Manros two leagues to the northward where on both sides is cleare ground and you may safely enter amidst the channell and turning vp northward may anker before the citie from Manros you haue three leagues Northeast-ward to the cape or poynt called Seynhooft whereon standeth a castell And two leagues Northward from thence lieth the porte of Aberdyne the west side is foule but Eastward it is good and faire enter therefore hard a bord the East shoare till you come into the hauen in the entrie there is 3. fatham water and you may anker before the citie in 4. or 5. fatham From these coastes are transported course scottish clothes frises sea coles and some barley and malt which are the commodities of those portes A DESCRIPTION OF THE coastes betweene Bamburgh Aberdeine wherof Edenburgh is the chiefest martrowne A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SOVTHERMOST PART OF Norway and of the coasts adioyning IF you will saile into the Naze of Norway enter Westward thereof North northwest leauing the rock called the Bishop boden on your Larbord which lieth in the midst of the Channell Beyng cleare of the same you must carefully as you go inwards beware of another Rocke that lieth vnder water but within it you shall cast anker right agaynst a white Church If you will enter on the west side of Maensounde sayle in North north east but shun the Rockes which lie vnder water on the starborde about the innermost Isle And beyng cleare of them anker in .9 or .10 fatham But if you will enter the Clooffe keepe the Cow and Calfe North north east from you and sayle in westward of Melou but shunne the rocke which lieth in the fayre mid-way And let fall Anker in 15. or 16. fatham by the west shore within the poynte and on the East side of Melou you may goe to Schaersounde and Oedendale If you will beare in with the western hauen of Vlecker or Flecorie Conde a longest the out Schaers of Heiligen sounde and when the Bay of Vlecker openeth before you North north east then hold in between the Island and the maine anker in 15. or 16. fatham agaynst the Rocke whereon standeth a payre of Gallowes The Eastern entrie stretcheth inwardes west northwest and you may see the Bay called the Vos open before you Set al the black rocks on the starrebord and the rock with the two high stonie beacons which are called warders on the Larbord-side and so saile inwards But if you will set towardes Repervvicke keepe the two sharpe rockes standing vppon VVolfsound on the starbord and the three warders with all the rocks on the Larbord and continue your course so in Northward but being cleare of the poynt turne vp westward where you may anker in 10. fatham The Easterne entrie of VVolfsounde stretcheth inwardes Northwest you must leaue the great rocke to the westward whereon standeth an high warder In the Isle of vvolfsounde are three warders turne in westward where you may anker in 25. fatham you may also passe betwixt the rockes to Old Hill sounde which lieth inwards west Northwest Amersounde lieth North north-east in and you may anker behinde the Island neare vnto the high warder 30. fatham depth The Easterne gate or entrie of Amersounde lieth northwest and southeast westward thereof standeth a rocke with a high warder on it The Isle of Hesnes hath two warders vpon it It is there very deepe but towardes the litle church is not so deepe viz. 30. fatham You may sayle within the rocks to Mardou And when the little hills or Holmen are northwest thē you are before Mardou The Isle of Mardou hath two high warders vpon it holde on betweene the Nie-Holmen and the Island where lieth also a suncken rocke neere vnto the sayd Isle And being past the poynt edge North northwest into the great bay and anker therein 30. fatham You haue in the Easterne entrie of Mardou but 3. fatham water and it lieth outwards and inwardes East northeast and west Southwest Being within the Island you may cast anker in 12. or 13. fatham From all these hauens are transported great store of Oken beames rafters railes and all kinde of Oken woode and timber and some sawed bordes and planckes which in the lowe countreyes are much imployed in buildinges The Sea Coastes of Norway as they doo appeare 〈◊〉 to their Situation betweene Der Noess Mardon A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHERNE PARTES OF THE EASTERNE SEA COASTS OF NORway and the countries adioyning IF you wil enter Tromsounde you may saile in beyond Mardou through the faire channell on the Northside stande two warders vpon a high hill where you may let fall anker or sayle on farther to Mardou behind Trom Island If you will beare in with Oxefoort keepe alongst vnder the rocke of Tromsounde and goe first Northwardes and hauing brought the long rocke on the Larbord hold on still Northward when you are a little way entred you shall finde a rocke vnder water in the very entry which you must bring on your starbord then continue your course vntill you are cleare of the westerne poynt where also lyeth a rocke vnder water neare the poynt And from thence sayle to the west and west and by North towards the high land to the Easterne shoare where standeth an high warder where you may anker in 20. or 25. fatham Betweene Oxefoorte and Santfort lieth Longen on the Easterne side standeth a mast with a tonne on it hence off two leagues is Santforde thwart which alongest in the sea lieth a banke which in some places hath but 3. or 4. fatham water and endeth about VVest Kiell VVest Kiell lieth in Northward and you may enter hard by the out rockes of Iofferlande and may sayle about the sayd Island or anker behinde it in 15. or 20. fatham Longsande beareth from that Island a great league North northeast Kinges hauen stretcheth inwardes North northwest where is 30. fatham sounding hale inwardes alongest the ragged poynt from whence the rocke called the Baers lieth not farre but if you would goe to the Nesse being cleare of the great rocke whereon standeth an high warder on your starbord you may sayle betweene the old Longsande and the sayd rocke through into the Nesse passing by the ragged Isle and anker there in 20. or 30. fatham From Longsande set East northeast to Farder betweene which lyeth Larvvicke Stavvangen and Tonsbargen But Bast beareth Northward
to the North Buy The eye marke of the other Buy is when the broad tower seemeth to be a shippes length off from the great Church of Coppen hauen The third Buyes marke is when the broade and picked towers are one But the marke of the Buy in Casperkine is when the sharpe tower commeth ouer against Coppen hauen castell All the traffique of these coastes dependeth most of Mault Barley Nuttes and store of some kinde of Tallow and Fatt the Herring season there is now little worth which heretofore hath bene very great The Sea Mappe of the Sond the most famous part of whole Dennemarcke euē as it appeareth on both the sides when you sayle amiddes through the Channell from Waersbergē unto Falsterboē Where the Easterne Sea beginneth AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF BLECSIDE AND CALMERSOVNDE lyinge at the entrance of Swethlande IN the Erthholmes there is a Hauen of 4. fatham depth If you will set out from Santvvicke in Bornholmes towardes Ahuys shape your course North and by west towards Hano Hano is a rounde Islande and hath rounde about it good grounde for ankeringe From thence holde on North north west to Ahuys which lieth by a litle Riuer Their comodities and trade is Maulte Barlie and all kinde of grosse wares viz. Pitche Tarre Tallowe Hides c. If you will from the East ende of Borneholme to Kalmer sayle from Borneholme North north east towards the Rocke which lieth from thence 14. leagues then holde on to Kalmer first to the North-warde and North and by west-ward but beyng cleare of the Riffe or shoald called Suydernorte Calmersounde stretcheth inwardes North and by East vp to Kalmer vntill you are cleare of the straight passages of the Rockes which lie before the towne And from thence plie to the hil called Svveets Yunckfrovv north north east and North and by East Suydernorte beareth towardes the west poynte of Oclande From whence stretcheth a fowle rockie banke or riffe South and by west a league and a halfe out into the Sea and in the fayre way by the South-side of Oclande you haue 28. or 31. fatham water about 3. leagues from lande The Isle of Oclande is longe and narrow and hath 18. flat towers The trade of Calmer and the countries adioyning is Tarre of Svvedelande all kinde of Fells and Skinnes of wilde beastes Salt Hides Goates skinnes grosse wares and some Brasse and Iron The Sea Coastes of part of Denmarke and Swedeland from Vuytste to Calmer A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF WESTERWICK ABOVT THE mount of the Swethish Yunck-frow the beginning of the rocks called the Schares of Swedeland THe mount called Sweetse Yunck-frow or young mayden beareth 8. leagues from Calmer N. N. E. and North by East and Silbuy is the first hauen within the Schares from whence you may set betweene the Schares to VVestervvike Flerbuy and schelsheuer for your way is fayre The entries of Stockholme lie 18. leagues from Svveetse yunckfrovv North north-east and the coast of Stockholme turneth vp East The entries stretch inwardes first North-east and by north and after North north-east to Durhauen setting the rocke called VVigsteen on the Larbord side and the middle steene on the starborde The rocke which is called the redd Cowe lieth two leagues within the entries And the entries of Stockholme lie inwardes from Durhauen for the most part North west Northwest and by west North and by VVest to VViexholme within the Schares of VVestervvicke is euery where good anker hold in 16. or 20. fatham The foresayd hauens are subiect to the king of Svvedelande and in a short time are growen so welthie that now there is great traffique of all kinde of commodities viz. of Tarre Barley Mault diuers sortes of skinnes and other marchaundizes besides grosse wares and nuttes but chiefly Iron and Brasse The famous Isle of Gothland part of the dominion of the king of Denmarke lieth vpon the coastes of vvestervvicke or Svvedelande and is about 10. or 12. leagues off the shoare The notablest port thereof is VVisbuy a citie in time past the marte for many countries and much haunted by reason of the intercourse of factors where al lawes concerning seafaring and sea rights were established and ordeined but the Islande beeing impouerished and vtterly destroied by cruel wars at this day liueth by husbandry Notwithstanding there is still some traffique of Pitch and Tarre It conteineth in length eighteene leagues and in breadth fiue hath eighteene villages with speare steeples It tooke name of the Gothes which did once inhabite it The Sea Coastes of Swedeland about the coastes of Westerwijck and the entraūce of Stockholm Beginning from Kalmar vnto the Wigstone and the Redde Kowe the which I lye with in the sayde entraunce of Stockholme All truelie done inuented by Lucas Janss Wagenaer A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEEN Weiburghe and the Narue the farthest partes of the Belt vvith their situations and commodities THe Isle of Somer beareth 9. leagues from Hogelande Northeast more Easterly But your course from Hoglande to the Island called Putsfager lieth Northwest by north From thence you may sayle within the Schares of Svvedeland where you list From Putsfager set toward Somer East and East and by South and from Somer towardes the Island called Red Hell North east and north east and by north you haue two Rockes on the Larborde in the very channell called the Eastern and western Fishers From Red Hell to Tralesande it is counted 2. leagues almost Northeast from whence you must goe crossynge northeasterly in and out from Beaken to Beaken till you come to VVeyburgh where the Eastern sea endeth The Isle of Somer lieth neare the coast of Rusland hauyng right agaynst it the Schares of East Finland The Narue beareth 10. leagues from Somer South east leaue the Isle Tutters on the starre-borde side when you come neare the Narue you shal descerne a Maste with a Barrell on it vpon the strand keepe that right ouer the woodden castle and holde so alongst the shore into the riuer of Narue The Narue is knowen by the rounde hilles Southward of the Roade and you haue from thence vnto Eackholme 14. leagues northward About the North and North and by Eastward of Telsbourgh lie the Rockes of the greater and lesser Hooft or head about which are many shoaldes which you must avoyde The lymie shoald or kalke grounde of 2. or 3. fathā depth stretcheth downe into the sea from the greater Hooft almost to Eackholme Vnder Eackholme you haue harborough and cleare grounde on euery side Lyfeland shoare all alongst vp to Narue hath no rocks at all North west and by west of Hogelande lieth a rocke vnder water aboute 3. leagues of the shoare in 2. fatham In these partes of Rusland and svvedeland in times past none might traffique but those of Lubek wherby they became very wealthie For there are riche and costly marchandises viz. All kinde of Skinnes Furres Hemp Flax Tallowe wheate Rie and such like THE
outtermost or the furtheste parte of the Easterne Sea East 〈…〉 which lyeth Jnclosed with in the coastes of East Finland Rusland â—â—…sland and wherin lye the Narâ—… and Wyboâ—gh the twoo furthermost 〈…〉 â—archante towne of 〈…〉 with all the 〈◊〉 of the situation 〈…〉 A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF LIFLAND ABOVT REVEL AND Moonsound and of the coasts adioyning FRom the Isle of Nargen to the buy you haue a great league East and by South and from the buy to Reuell two great leagues not farre from the Isle of VVolfsound is a blind rocke when the tower of Reuell appeareth ouer the point of the Island you are come neare the Rocke which lieth halfe a league Northwest from VVolfsound On the East side of vvolfsound are two Islandes called VVrangen you may anker within them in the channell at 10. or 12. fatham A league and a half to the North northwest of them lieth a blinde rocke and an other halfe a league off plain North. The shoare of Lyfland is all cleare ground If you will sayle from Oegens-holme into Moonsund keepe South southwest and Southwest by west vntill you are within Osse-holme Grasholme lieth a league beyond Osseholme which you may sayle round about or ride there at your pleasure Grasgrond lieth a league within Grasholme in the midst of the channel but borow of the land of Syburgnesse or Dagerorts along by the little Islands a reasonable distance off keepe within al the Islandes S and by E. and S. vntill you come to the westerne coast of Oesell nigh the great tree where you haue 4. fatham water sometimes but three Holde on alongst the coast of Oesell foure or fiue leagues Southeast and by East till you come to a little Island then keepe on betweene that Island and Oesell vntill you come to the farthest partes of Oessell where is 8. fatham water Halfe a league from thence lieth a shoalde called the Pater noster which you must sayle aloufe off Then may you plie agayne Southward to Runen which is an Island situate ten leagues hence in the great bay of Righe Reuell being the moste famous Marte of the whole countrie so flourished thirtie yeares past that euery yeare there arriued and were vnladen aboue an hundreth great ships with salt which were also woont to be fraighted there againe with VVheate Rie VVaxe Flaxe Hempe all kinde of Skinnes and Furres and such like commodities of good value But it is now so decayed by reason of the continuall warres with the Muscouytes that through the whole yeare there are scarce sixe ships laden which hath bene to the generall impouerishing of this citie and countrie A DILLJGENT description of THE SEA COASTES of Lyffland with all the Jles there vnto appartaniÌ„g eeueÌ„ as they do appeare and open when you sayle there alongst from Ekehol men vnto Syburghs ness A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF RIGHE AND PARNOVT AND OF the Islandes adioyninge YOu must sayle from Domesnest to Runen 6. leagues East and East and by North and from Runen to the northeren coast of Oesell where Moonsound beginneth you haue 10. leagues North and North and by East from Runen again vnto Kyne 8. leagues East north east From Kyne to Pernout it is 7. leagues North east and by East where in the entrie you haue but 6. or .8 foote depth the channell sometimes shifteth from place to place and serueth only for small vessels called Boyers There standeth a litle towne between Pernout and Righe called Salles where lieth a shoald in 8. foote depth before the entrie and serueth likewise but for small vessels Duinemonde of Righe beareth from Runen 12. leagues South east The eye markes to enter the riuer of Duina are when the watch-house that standeth a litle way from the castle of Duinemond is one with the great tree and the southside of the citie of Righe with the poynt of Terspille These are the right markes to sayle into the Riuer a good wayes turne then vp sometimes Southward till you come between both landes Then borrow of the South coast to the poynt of Terspille where you may anker in any place in 6. or 7. fatham you must go by your Lead because the channell altereth almost euery yeare 4. leagues to the Southward of Domesnest is a litle riuer where many small vessels doo lade In these two places thirtie or fortie yeres past was great traffique of al kinde of costly marchandizes which through the continuall warres with the Muscouytes is almost vtterly decayed Notwithstandyng there is yet some traffique at Righe for euery yeare thirtie or fortie shippes laden with Salt are there discharged and aboue an hundred ships are likewise fraighted with wheate Rie Clawbordes and waynscot wax Flax Hempe Pitch Tarre Salt and drie Hides Sheepe-skinnes Furres and other like commodities of good valew THE SEA card of the Sea coastes of Lyffland comprehending the land lying rounde about the great JuhaÌ„ of the Ryghish eueÌ„ as they do appeare open when you sayl thee alongst A MOST PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE ISLE OF OESEL WHICH lieth betweene the Belt and the bay of Righ and stretcheth vp from the narrow entrie or straight towardes Righe and Parnout YOur course from Domesnest to Runen is 6. leagues East and by North and so farre lieth Abbrick from Runen whereaboutes are many dangerous shoaldes in your faire way 3. or 4. fatham deepe But being past Domesnest you may see it when you are a great league from Oesell Aberburgh beareth westward of it where shippes are fraighted with Barley Mault Tarre all kinde of grosse wares and diuers Skinnes and Furres From Domesnest lieth a very dangerous riffe or a rough and stone bancke a league out into the sea Northeast and Northeast and by East The roade of Oesell lieth from Domesnest three leagues Northwest and Northwest by west where in 7. fatham is good ground to anker There stretcheth downe also from the South end of Oesell a riffe or bancke two leagues in length into the sea Southward and South and by westward which is both hard and roomie westward from this riffe lye many scattering shoaldes and banckes which stretch out Northward alongst the coast of Oesell where in many places you haue onely 2. 3. 4. 5. fatham c. There are besides in Oesell two other hauens where shippes are laden viz. VVyck and another 5. leagues from thence Northward Hontsfort beareth from VVyck eight leagues North and from thence haue you six leagues to Dagerort North Northwest wherein standeth an high Tower which you may see on both sides of the land Betweene both these heades you may sayle to Hontsvvick which is a perillous bay for there are many shipwrackes by reason the pilots are not skilfull thereaboutes Now that I may againe set downe the entrance of Moonsound Saile from Runen North and North and by East to the North poynt of Oesell and they lye ten leagues one from an other but beare aloufe from the shoald called the Pater noster which ioyneth to
N.E. and by E. From Derley to Cape de la Hague it falleth S.S.E. From Cape de la Hague to Aldernay N.E. In the Rasse of Blanquert it falleth N.E. From Dierley to the Caskets it falleth E. and w. From Garnsey to the Caskets it falleth a quarter of a tide East Southeast and the rest N.E. At the Sept Iles the flood falleth E. and by S. From the Sept Iles to S. Pol alongst the shoare E. by S. From S. Pol to the Fourne it falleth E. and by S. From the Fourne to S. Mathews poynct S. and by E. In the Bresont betweene Vshant and the Seames E.N.E. In the Ras of Fontenay the flood falleth thwart ouer the Rocke called the Emperesse and maketh a very great noyse and tumbling on the banke called the Calfe Furthermore vpon all the coastes of Poictou Gascoyne Biscay Gallicia Portugal and Spayne it falleth alwaies right of and on to and fro FOrasmuch as of late dayes many skilfull and experienced nauigators and shipmaisters haue most earnestly trauayled to finde out a sure and perfect way whereby with the help of some certayn signes or instruments aswell the Longitude of the place from East to West as the Altitude of the Pole betweene South and North might in sayling be secretly known yet haue brought nothing to light more then what long agoe was well knowne to our auncestors that is to say the vse of certaine instrumentes which in this thing are vncertayne though very good and perfect in that vse to the which they were first made and seeing that by them all there is not discouered any hidden way in the firmament by the which the Longitude of the place might certeinly be obserued and vsed I will not at this time make any mention thereof but deferre it till a fitter and more commodious time that I may then discouer to all men what I know therein Wherefore I would intreate all those that happily might finde this strange in a matter of such weight and importance not to be greeued thereat but paciently expect that which remaineth An exact description of the depths and soundings neere the diuers prouinces of our nauigation and first of Gascoigne Poictou and Brittayn WIthout Garumna the riuer of Bourdeaux there is 14. fatham depth but when you come within sight of Cordam tower but 30. fatham Ouer against the coast of Poictou 16. leagues without Oleron you haue 25. fath depth but comming neere the land of Poictou 8. leagues from the shoare you haue 35. fatham In the channell betweene Porthuis and Heys it is 30. fatham deepe and asmuch in the channell of Heys as also betweene Heys and Belile is the same depth VVithout the channell it is 35. fatham deepe but within are 25. fatham onely without Heys two Kenninges off there is found 45. fatham 22. Leagues Southwardes of Belile you haue 70. fatham but nyne leagues from the Northwest point of that Island towardes the Southwest is 60. fatham depth And ouer against the midst of Belile in 40. fatham depth you shall see land In your course betweene Belile and the Seems you may come no neere then 50. or 45. fatham If you sayle from Belile west and by North when you are against Gloyland you shall finde 60. fatham depth without and within the rocke which standes off Gloyland to the seawardes you haue 40. fatham water In 65. fatham depth without the west Penmarques you may saile Northwest and by west without the Seems but by night come no neerer then in 55. fatham for the ground is grosse and red sand full of round flints halfe a league west Southwest of the Seems is a ledge of rocks where you haue 7. fatham depth but betweene the Seems and the rocks there is 50. fatham water In the chanell betweene the Seems Heissand called Vshant you haue 55. fath depth the ground is grosse red sand mingled with little round stones red and black neere to Vshant there is 45. fatham but within it is of an vnequall and variable depth Southwestwardes almost six leagues off Vshant you haue 70. fatham and the ground is fine white sand mingled with litle white shelles and other small thinges like needles and then is Vshant East from you but if the sand be grosse and white mingled with great and white shels then is it Southeast to you But if you doubt of these grounds go Northerly if your sound be deeper then you are towardes the Seems if not so deepe then are you in the chanell almost North of Vshant Betweene vshant and Obeurac in the trade it is 60. fatham deepe betweene vshant and the Isles of Silly or sorlinges in the midst of the chanell there is 70. fatham depth If you sayle betweene the Seems and Vshant in 70. fatham water the ground will be of little blacke stones easie to be broken and of yellow earth or clay but if you finde red and hard sand goe Northward till you happen on white sand mingled with long strakes and then without doubt you sayle in the channell If setting from Cizarga you sayle N. northeastward in the Spanish seas towardes Vshant and finde your selfe in 80. fatham ye are 14. or 15. leagues off Vshant but comming neerer you shall haue 70. fatham water and be 10. leagues distant of Vshant But if you find the ground to be yellow shels little black stones then are you towards the Seems wherefore you must with the tide beare off northward to shunne Vshant vntill you finde white sand and thinges like needles for such are the groundes of the channell Betweene Vshant and the I le Base when you sayle at 4. fatham water you are 4. leagues off the shoare but by night come no neerer then 25. fatham when you are two leagues off Obcurac you shall finde 25. fatham depth but 8. leagues off the Sept Ilandes you haue 55. fatham A league without the rockes of Obeurac there is a blind or hidden rocke So that if you are to sayle vpon a boord betweene the Fourns and Obeurac come no neere that blinde rocke then 40. fatham but Eastwardes you may sayle in 30. or 25. fatham If a ship sayling west Southwest and Southwest and by west of the Isles of Sylly or Sorlinges at 80. fatham water be found by the crossestaffe or the Astrolabe to be vnder 49. degrees and 15. minutes of Altitude she is 26. leagues from land and must goe East and by North till she get 66. fatham water For then certeinly she is in the chanell betweene the Isles of Sylly and Vshant and then if she be bound for England she must sayle more Northward and betweene the lands end and the Lilard she shall haue 55. fatham depth A diligent description of the soundinges and groundes betweene Ireland England and Normandy THree leagues without the Iles of Dorsey vnder Ireland it is 45. fatham deepe In the chanell betweene Dorsey and Cape cleere is 42. or 43. fatham The chanell from Cape Cleere to the
Islands of Saltees hath 45. fatham But two leagues off Ireland it hath but 40. Betweene the Isles of Saltees and Milford it is 44. fatham deepe betweene Londay and the Isles of Sylly 38. fath In the mid way betweene the Isles of Sylly and Milford it is 44. fatham deepe but plaine North of Sylly 40. and 42. fatham Neere England by the landes ende the channell is of 50. fatham depth A ship that commeth from Cape Finisterre sayling North Northeast if shee hath 80. fatham sounding she is 20. leagues off the shoare and the ground is small blacke stones mingled with great red sand In the same course when you haue but 60. fatham water you are within 12. or 14. leagues off the shoare yet shall you not so soone ken land as you would thinke for you shall a great while haue 60. fath depth for it is at the North partes of the chanell about the Isles of sylly Betweene Vshant and the Isles of sylly the chanell is 70. fatham deepe On the Southside of the Isles of sylly the ground is small red stones and fine white sand Ouer against the Lizard and Falmouth 4. leagues from shoare it is 52. fatham deepe Betwixt Foy and Plimmouth sound in the midst of the chanell it is 60. fatham deep Betweene the Lyzard and the start beare no nearer the shoare then 35. fatham You maye cast anker in the trade or channell in 25. fatham and so shall you lie within the foreland streame Betweene Plimmouth and the Sept Isles in the middest of the chanell it is 55. fatham deepe But 4. leagues South Southwest of Plimmouth it is but 35. fatham South Southeastward of the midland of the start it is 45. fatham deepe but from thence 5. or 6. leagues Southeast you haue 54. fatham In the chanell betweene the Caskets and Portland it is 40. fatham deep a league Northward off the Isle of Alderney is a hole or pit 80. fatham deepe all the rest of the channell betweene Portland and the Isle of Alderney is of equall deapth viz. 40. fatham VVhen you are within kinning of Portland your sounding is 34. fatham and 3. leagues off the Isle of VVight 36. fatham as also two leagues Eastward of Beachy Betweene picardie and the Isle of VVight the channell in the middest is 38. fatham deepe Betweene VVinchelsey and picardy 24. fatham The shoald betweene the Heads called the Vrovven-sand hath but three fatham depth and a halfe but on the Southside of it there is 24. fatham And in all the faire way betwetne Zeland and Douer it is 24. fatham deepe A PERFECT DESCRIPTION of the depths of the North Sea from Englands foreland or the mouth of Flaunders IN the chanell and course from Englandes fore-land and sands of Flaunders you haue 24. fatham depth but three leagues Northwest and by west of the country of Zierickze there is a shoald commonly called Borbreck which hath 4. fatham depth VVithout this shoald the Chanell of Zealand is 26. fatham deepe Northwest of Harlem 8. or 9. miles within the sea there beginneth a shelf commonly called de breede Verthien reaching alongest the coast of Holland to the playne of Ameland where it endeth Ouer agaynst Harlem and Egmond is 13. 14. and 15. fatham depth and the ground is of all Oase mingled with blacke sand like vnto Mustard-seede The sayd shelfe or shoald hath 15. 16. or 17. fatham depth betweene Texel and Vlieland where the ground is grosse red sand 6. or 7. leagues from shoare for there the shoald is narrower then it is towardes the Southend The Chanell without the shoald betweene zealand and Texel is 26 fatham deepe euen as farre as the shoald which the fishers call Doggsant In the Channell on England side ouer agaynst Yermouth is 32. fatham depth but right against Flamborough and Scarborough point 38. fatham whereas the whyte shelf commonly called Doggsant beginneth reaching into the North seas to the chanell of Helichland This shoald where it is within kenning of Flamborough poynt hath but 9. or 10. fatham depth But when in the same sand you find 12. fatham depth then Texel is from you Southest almost 30. leagues but when you are come to 16. fatham depth then are you within 21. leagues South Southeast of Vlieland A ship that comes from the Riffe finding 18. fath depth on the foresaid sand is then 20. leagues South and by East of Vlieland but comming to 22. fatham must then sayle towardes the Vlie S. and by westward and South southwestward But if in the Chanell of Helichland 24. 26. fatham depth be found then must you sayle Southwest and S.w. and by S. and then are you come to the Scellinghe but when as in Helichland sound you haue 27. fatham then are you altogether to the Eastwards of it Betweene the Riffe the shoald called Doggersant the chanell is 26. fath deepe without the chanell westwards it is 32. fath deepe A ship that comes out of the English straightes or out of zealand hauing at the riffe 24. fatham depth is distant from the Noes in Norvvay 18. leagues almost North and by East but hauing 20. fatham is 16. leagues from it Northward and finding but 18. fatham is then 18. leagues off it North and by west The course from thence to the Holmes is 12. leagues North and by E. And from thence towards the poynt of Scakghens 18. leagues Northeast and by East There is a rocke of one onely fatham depth standing Northeast and Northeast and by East of the Holmes two leagues from the shoare The depth of the Northerne Ocean neere vnto Iutland and Ameland IN the sea without Iutland a myle distant from Dodenberg there is a banck called Reef-horn stretching out 8. leagues w. by S. which in some places hath but three fatham depth in some places may be sayled ouer and become a roade for a Northwest and a North winde in 20. fatham depth From Ameland towards the sea the ground is grosse sand red and blacke mingled with shelles From thence sayling Southward in 16. fatham three houres you shall come to the smooth Sea of Ameland where your ground is fine sand mingled with shelles North from Schellinghe in 24. fatham depth is found altogether fine white sand and afterwardes in 18. fatham white and blacke sand mingled Vlieland hath white sand mingled with shelles and thinne blacke sand in 16. fatham depth from the west end of Vlieland is great red sand mingled with black like vnto mustardseede about 6. or 7. leagues from the shoare At the East ende of schellingh to the seawards at 18. fatham water is found fine white sande mingled with blacke hauing in it thinges like needles Ouer against Borckom in the vvester Ems at 17. or 18. fatham depth land may be seene the ground is of grosse grauelly sand At 14. fatham depth may Ameland be kend but schellingh at 16. fatham and Vliland at 15. or 16. fatham water Any man may by night
trust to these measures At the North Hooke of Texel land may be seene at 16. fatham depth Holland is seene at 14. or 15. fath water when you sayle within the shoald called the breede Veerthiene which beginneth at the Northwest of Harlem and stretcheth alongst the coast of Holland to the west ende of Vliland and is 7. or 8. leagues distant from the shoare The soundinges and groundes of Iutland neere the poynt of the Cimbrians commonly called Schagen or Schaw A Great league west and by North from the schavv is 35. fatham depth North northeast a great league of the corner of this poynt is found 38. fatham depth And when the poynt is northwest from you then you haue 17. fatham water Betweene this poynt and Lesou the chanell is 20. fath deep and the ground like clay or dirt Betwixt Anhout and VVaersberg in the middest of the Channell is 22. fatham water Betweene Lesou and Anhout the ground is firme and stony neere VVaersbergh is a shoald of 17. fatham depth Betweene Anhout and Col is another shoald of 17. fatham where sometimes it is troublesome like a whirepoole The depths and grounds of the Balthic or Easterne seas BEtweene Oeland and Gothland the soundinges are vnequall sometimes of 20. sometimes of 23. fath the ground of blacke and stony grosse sand like vnto Peas VVhen the South end of Oeland is two leagues distant from you westwardes you haue 27. fatham water where also you may commodiously gage water But when the chappell in Sudernoorden beareth west Northwest off you then haue you 31. fatham depth and ground fit to gage water Ouer against the rocke in the faire way is 52. fatham and a claye ground but fit for gaging Betweene the greater and lesser Carla you haue 14. fath depth vnder which is safe road for ships There is a shoald betweene Houburg Ostergard contayning 24. fath depth the ground is great red sand but hardly from thence can you ken Gothland out of the top There is also to the Eastward another shoald of 36. fath depth which when you are past you haue more then 40. fatham water VVhen the poynt of Righ is 3. leagues Southeast from you then haue you 30. fatham depth but when it is from you halfe a league South south-easterly you haue 15. fatham the ground is white sand But when it beareth west a small league from you then you shall finde 16. fatham water Ouer against Heel halfe a league from the shoare it is almost 32. fatham deepe The roade for shippes at Heel hath 25. fatham depth Betweene Moane and Falsterborn is 14. fatham depth Betweene sted and Falsterborn in the very chanell it is but 12. fath deepe neere Falsterborn it is full of shoaldes but neere Sted you haue 13. fatham water Betweene Drakerriff and Southolmen which is more shoaldie there is 5. fatham depth wanting two foote From thence towardes the Sound it is sometime deeper as 6. 7. 8. 9. or 10. fatham A DESCRIPTION AND POVRTRAICT OF THE GREATEST PARTE OF THE SEACOASTES OF EVROPE FOr asmuch as these particular Sea Chartes which I haue set foorth of the Westerne Eastern and Northern Nauigation with the rest which I hope hereafter at the first opportunitie to publish haue their originall and beginnyng from this generall Charte of the Sea Coasts of Europe wherin you may playnly perceaue how the particular Countries are annexed and ioyned eache to other and euery one of them in his right place distance poynt of compas degrees minutes c. I haue therefore thought necessary to place this generall table or pourtraict at the very beginnyng of this booke before all the rest to th' end you may thereby the better seeke and finde out the particulars obseruynge th' order and methode of this booke Thinkynge it needelesse to make any larger discourse thereof for the vse of Saylyng Consideryng that the particular descriptions with their Charts being taken out of this generall and enlarged do very sufficiētly teache shew bothe the countries themselues their commodities so they be rightly examined accordyng to the true art of Nauigation employinge therewithall such necessarie instruments as appertayne therevnto A SHORTE INSTRVCTION OF THE FORME AND fashion of Buyes Beakons and other markes c. which are set for Shoaldes Sandes or hidden Rockes as they are marked in the particular Chartes of the Fliestreame Eemse Weeser the Elue Meersdiep and the Mase VPpon all the Riuers and Streames of Holland Friesland and Zeland the Buyes at the vpper ende are rounde and great and at the lower end small and sharpe like vnto this marke 1 being made blacke with Pitche or Tar lying for the moste parte vppon the right hande in Saylinge out on the lefthand in commyng in And on th' other side for sandes flats shoaldes do commonly stand the Beakons and other higher and more apparant marks made of Oasyers after this manner 2 that they may bee the farther of perceaued And where there is danger of poincts of Rockes Sandes shoaldes that stande out there are that you may shunne them white Tunnes or Buyes made after this fashion which do alwayes he vpon the contrary side of the foresaid black buyes The eye markes whereby you may assuredly finde these buyes and other markes are sufficiētly declared in the description before eache Charte But you must vnderstand that the Buyes and markes are herein noted as they weare Anno. 1582. Moreouer because the depthes and channels of the Riuers do yerely shift and chaunge their places both by reason of the vncertaintie and instabilitie of the sandie groundes and for that the entringes and mouthes of the Riuers do dayly waxe wider broder therfore these streames are to be tried by soundyng and to be sayled in with skilfull and experienced Pilots maisters The lande markes placed at the entries of Riuers I haue for streightnes of roome marked thus But where there is false roade grounde fit for Ankering I haue set downe this forme of an Anker The Figures which are placed in al Hauēs Riuers Streames Channels aswell in the mayne sea as elswhere vpō al the shoaldes Sandes Rockes do signifie the depth of the places as 1. 2. 3. 10. 12. Fatham so forth which is alwaies to be vnderstoode at half flood or ebbe The litle Crosses marked in this manner †alonge the Coastes neare Islandes and elswhere betoken hidden and daungerous Rockes of which you must carefully beware And where the double crosses are there lye greater Rockes couered with the water These markes in the Chartes are made thus A Generall Carde discription of the Sea Coastes of Europa and nauigation in this booke conteyned Semper eadem HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE SPQR Judocus Hondius fe A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE VLIE AND THE MARSDEEP TWO OF the notablest Riuers of all Holland from the Northern vnto the Southerne sea HE that will sayle from the North sea vp to Amsterdam or
inwardes South and by East after you are in you may turne vp Eastward where you haue 4. or 6. fatham water on the South-side of the hauen lieth an Island where standeth a light tower which you must set South and by East from you as you sayle in where it is 3. fatham deepe Machichaco a good hauen lyeth fiue leagues from Bilbao west south west and Southwest by west which from the west side stretcheth inwards Southest and by East in 8. or 9 fatham In the middest of the entry you shall finde a rocke which you must leaue on the Larbord side you may also sayle in at the East side of the rocke but there you haue but 3. fatham From the entrie the hauen is wide and broad and you may anker in any place of the channell at 8. or 9. fatham Castro beareth three leagues westward from Machichaco stretcheth inward westerly In the midst of the entry standeth a rock almost south-west which you may sayle round about in 6. or 7. fatham The streightnesse beareth vp Southerly you may turne in towardes the East and cast anker in the channell at 10. or 12. fatham These portes yeeld Rosin Chessenuttes Iron wooll Orenges Filbberdnuttes and steele which are their trades A CARDE OF THE SEA COASTES of Acason Biscay with their hauens and opening of their landes hills and Mountaynes * A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Laredo and Sentillana LAredo beareth westward from Castro fiue Dutche leagues To enter the bay set S. Anthonies hill South East from you and hale along S. Anthonies shore vntill you are cleare of the East poynt of the land Then turne vp Eastward vntill you come to Laredo where you may lay out anker in 6. or 7. fatham But if you will beare into the hauen within the two walles you must doe it at highe water for it is a port for barkes and vessels of small burden There lieth a shoald amiddest the entrie of the hauen wheare it is alwayes very troublesome and may be sayld about S. Ander lieth foure Dutch leagues from S. Anthonies mount hale along the west shoare vntill you come to the great rocke whereon standeth a little house on eyther side whereof you may saile in S. Anders hauen stretcheth in from the entrance Northwest and hath 6. or 7. fatham water Foure Dutch leagues from S. Ander lieth S. Martyns It is very narrow as you come in and a bard hauen and parteth it selfe inwardes into two litle streames Fiue dutch leagues by west of S. Martyns standeth S. Vincents whose hauen also is bard and hath a Rocke standinge westward of the entree and a little fillet or riffe of sand from the East poyncte you must sayle in betweene this sande and the rocke where it is narrow but within it is a round hauen mayntained by a little riuer Three Dutch leagues westward lyeth Lhanes likewise a bard hauen on the East side of which lyeth a banke sayle in on the west side of it there is likewise a little riuer In these countries is great store of wooll Iron Chesse-nuttes Orenges Steele and Rosin of all which thinges there is great traffique THE SEA COASTES of Byscuy betweene Laredo and 〈◊〉 euen as they shew when you pass before them A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Rio de Sella and Auiles SIx Dutch leagues Westward of L'hanes lieth Rio de Sella If you will enter the hauen marke the maste which standeth vpon the Easterne shoare neere which you must enter because the west side is rockie and daungerous inwardes And being past the mast anker before the towne it is a bard hauen Villa viciosa beareth 10. Dutch leagues westward of Rio de Sella you must come in by the westerne shoare because the Easterne is slat and perillous Right within the mouthe of the hauen you shall finde a little shoald which appeareth at a lowe ebbe this is likewise a bard hauen The towne standeth on the west side whither you may sayle anker in the largest place Six leagues from Villa viciosa westward lieth Sanpsons cape and on the East side therof standeth a little Island with a small tower betweene these two is goodharborough and faire ground to anker in at 6. or 7. fatham on the westside of Sanpson euen right before the litle porte is likewise good riding in 6. or 7. fatham VVestward of Sanpson lieth Gyon hauing a peere of stone vnder which Th' inhabitantes doe lay their fisher boates A good Dutch mile from thence westward is the bay of Tores where is safe harbarough and 8. or 9. fatham water On the cape standeth an high tower Two leagues farther westward lyeth Cape de Pennas from whence a rewe of rockes stretcheth out into the sea Two leagues from thence standeth Auiles the best porte of all these coastes On the Eastside therof is a chapple neare vnto the point you must passe vntill you are within two rockes where it is wide and broad By the west poynt there runneth vp a little sandy riffe along the shoare reaching inwardes by the hauen towardes the towne where it is very shoaldie on both sides and on the westside of the hauen lie two great rocks right against the little Church that standeth by the sandy bay There is in these coastes farre greater plentie and store of fruits wines and other good marchandises than is in Biscay The Mappe of the Sea Coastes of Biscay betweene Rio de Sella Auiles verie naughty hauens for great shippes Iodocus Hondiusfe A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF RIBA DEOS BIVIERO AND LVARCA FRom Auiles vnto Luarca are six dutch leagues South-west and by west it is an hauen for small ships and stretcheth Southeast inwards the Eastside is dangerous but the west is good and faire Riba Deos beareth Southwest and by west from Luarca and is a good hauen for all ships westward of it standeth a sharpe steeple and a little from thence into the sea lieth a hidden rocke when you enter the mouth of the hauen two other Towers come in sight at the west side of the hauen the one on high the other below nigh the shoare Then conde thorow the very middest of the channell vntill you come against the second or farthest tower within the hauen where you may anker on both sides at your pleasure But the west side is deeper contayning 4. 5. or 6. fatham euen vp to Riba Deos which standeth vpon a great bay The Cape of Brilo is six leagues Northwest from Riba Deos. westward from this cape standeth S. Ciprian ouer agaynst which lie two great round rockes A league thence westward standeth an Island thwart the mouth of the hauen of Biuiero which you may sayle about on both sides yet best roming in is on the west side where being cleere of the poynt you may anker at 6. or 7. fatham Two leagues to the west of S. Ciprian is S. Marks roade which is a faire bay Two leagues from thence is a
the channell vnto the Island Roxo and there anker where you please But on the Southside are 2. or 3. bayes where is good anker holde If you will go to Puente Vedra set in on the Southside of the Isle Blidedones which is a very flat land lying in lēgth East north east about two dutch leagues then shall you come to a little Island in the middest of the Hauen which you shall leaue on the Larboorde To the Southward of it you may perceaue a towre on the mayne lande before which you must sayle and anker at 7. or 8. fatham Foure dutch leagues from Puente vedra lie the Islandes of Bayon which to such as come out of the sea shew like gray rockes or cliffes If you will go in at the North-side your course lieth in midde water betweene these Islandes and the mayne lande vntill the channell of Cannas or Cangas and Vigo be opened vnto you then go Eastwarde in The Hauen is fayre and large you may ride on both sides either before Vigo or Cangas and may likewise go farther in beyonde the South poynte to Rondello where both shippe and lading may be salfe in the Oase without cable or anker But if you will sayle in by the south Island of Bayone your course lieth in the middest of the channell between the sayd Island and the mayne land vntill you are cleare of the poynt of Bayon Then set towards the East poynt of Boyon wherevpon standeth a castle afterwards turne southwarde behinde the Castle to the cittie where you may anker at 6. or 7. fatham You may also crosse ouer thence to Vigo betwixt the poynte and the Islande or Rocke that lieth in the other side of the hauen at 3. or 4. fatham But if you will sayle from the southermost Islande to Vigo or Cangas holde on two leagues Northeast vntill you may see thorough between the mayne and the North Island and that the cittie of Cangas appeare without the corner which is on the North side of the hauen Then ariseth a low point on the starboord side holde on in the middest of the channell between the sayd point the North land where you may anker in what place you please both on the Southside before Vigo and on the North side before Cangas in 12. or 13. fatham These countries and portes yeld great aboundance of Orenges Chestnuts and very small wines And thither is carried great quantitie of Corne to the great benefit and behoofe of many Marchaunts and Marriners A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF Galicia beginning from Cap de finisterre Vnto Camino Dōne According Vnto the true Situation appearing Thereof * 1588 * A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COSTES OF THE NORTH PART of Portugale viz. from Viana to cape de Montego ABout three dutch leagues to the Southward of Bayone standeth a monastery vpon the strand Fiue Dutch leagues from hence is the riuer of Viana called Rio de Lymas at the entry wherof lyeth a notable ledge of rocks That you may goe cleare of the same hold on still Southward vntill the two fire or watch Towers which stand vpon South-land be brought in one For by these markes you may hale along the shoare in 4. or 5. fatham vntill the two houses and the little steeple which you see vpon the Northside of the land be brought together Then hold on so alongest the shoare on the East side of the rocke whereon standeth a mast vntil the riuer lie open before you Then saile inwards on the South side of the second rocke whereon also standeth a maste Then crossing vp Northward to Viana anker at 7. or 8. fatham In the very entrie lieth a barre whereon is two fatham water Fiue Dutch leagues South of Viana standeth Villa del Conde and at the entrie of that hauen are many rockes rounde about which you may safely passe in 5. or 6. fatham depth Farther inward lieth a barre or a shoald thwarting all the mouth of the hauen and hath 2. fatham water the deepest place in all the hauen is not aboue 3. or 4. fatham but the best depth is to the Southward It is a bard hauen and in the North part full of rockes and sandes Three leagues Southward of Villa del Conde lie the great high rockes of Lesons halfe a league to the Northward of the riuer of Port de Port called Rio Duero betwixt which rockes and the mayne you may saile in on both sides and there ride at 6. or 7. fatham for the ground is very good for ankering There lieth a rocke vnder water halfe a league Southwest of the west corner of the said rocks The porte of Metellyn lieth within the foresaid high rockes being a bard hauen of 2. fatham A league Southward of Lesons rockes lieth the Riuer Port de Port. into which you must hale on the Northside keeping all the rockes Northward of the riuer and saile along the South shoare East and by North vntill you are cleare of the rocke whereon standeth a crosse then fare you forward in the middest of the riuer to the citie Port de port Inwardes it is 10. or 12. fatham but the entrie is onely 3. or 4. fatham deepe at halfe floud You may enter likewise on the South side along the shoare where at high water there is 3. fatham From Port de port to Aueiro is 8. leagues all the coast alongst the shoare is downes About the mouth of Aueiro are ragged downes and may hale along the strand at 10. or 12. fatham when the high blacke hill within the land beareth East and by South from you then are you in the entrie and right before Aueiro riuer when you are come in 6. or 7. fatham water you shall see three mastes standing vpon the shoare which you must keepe togither bearing inwardes East and by South and East South east vntill you come neare the shoare where these mastes stand by the sand bancks Then set Northward and holding on neare the North shoare leaue all the flattes on the starreboord vntill you haue the riuer open before you Then turne in againe East South east vp to Aueiro in the middest of the channell betwene both the coasts At the entrance vpon the shoald at halfe floud you haue but 2. fatham vntill you are within it where you haue 5. or 6. fatham depth Fiue Dutch leagues Southward of Aueiro beareth the Cape de Montego and a eague to the Southward of that Cape lieth the bard hauen Pisage halfe a league to the westward from thence in the sea lieth a bancke conteining 6. fatham water vnder which you may ride at 12. or 13. fatham Vnder the Burlynges which are pourtraied in the next Table you may cast anker at 10. fatham right against the Hermitage where you haue very faire ground These countries yeeld store of wines Oringes Oyle and Oliues and much good Salte is carried from Aueiro But the citie of port de port is the chiefest Towne of traffique in all these
Red poynt lieth a great white rocke when you haue brought this rocke right ouer the Black poynt you are harde abourde the Blinde rocke that lieth thwart the Channell of Dartmouth yet neerer to the East-ward But when you come to discerne the Kay of the towne that standeth on the East-side of the Hauen keepe amidst the channell vntill you may perfectly see the same then hale inwardes vntill you are within the two Castles standyng on the hauens side and you shall go cleere of the Rocke The hauen is wide within you may turne westward and let fal anker before the towne or the Brew-houses where you list Three leagues East-ward from thence is the road of Torbay which is very salfe for a South-west winde you may likewise anker on the East-side of the start where is good anker holde in 8. or 9. fathā Foure leagues to the Northward of Torbay lyeth the bay of Tynmouth a salfe harborough for a South winde where is also good ground for ankering in 7. or 8. fatham If you come out of the west into Portland road holde on two cables length off alongst Porteland shoare and hauing past the poynt turne westwardes till you come to the castell where is good road against a South and South and by East winde at 7. or 8. fatham Northwarde of Portland lieth a litle bard hauen called VVeymouth where you may anker at 4. or 5. fatham If you will ride vnder S. Aldomes Land shun the Needles of Shipmans poole and so saile into the town which at a low water you haue ankeryng at 3. fatham These Portes yeeld almost nothing els but wooll and clothe the inhabitantes doe liue chiefly vpon grazyng A DESCRIPTION OF THE Sea coastes of England Betweene Plymmouth Portland with the cheefest hauens thereof according vnto theire Situation A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETVVEENE THE Isle of Wight and Douer TO goe in at the west end of Wight you must looke well to the tide for the flood sets very sore vpon the Needles and the ebbe likewise westwarde vpon the Shingels and Chalkie Rockes which lie westwardes of the Needles and it is very narrow between the Needles and the Shingels wherfore saile directly with the Needles very neere them and keepe the inner poynt of the Isle right without the Needles And when you are so come within the Needles beare somewhat off the Island between the Chesell the Isles poynte because of the Rockes called the VVardens which lie on VVight-side neare the shore then turninge Eastward ouer against Calshorte you must cast anker in 7. or 8. fatham But if you will enter at the East ende of VVight keepe the Castle right against the Lime-kil that lies aboue Portesmouth vntil that Culuer cliffe come within the point of the I le for then shall you haue brought the Lyme-kill to the east end of Portesmouth which you must so holde vntill the Castle which standeth to the westward of Portesmouth doo appeare on the East side of the wood and then plie sometimes towards Sainct Helens Abbey keepyng your markes in this sorte you shall take no hurt on the Shoaldes or Sandes But if you cannot see the Limekill then shall you keepe the Castle on the west-side of Culuer cliffe vntill you haue brought S. Helens church with out the poynt of the Island a shippes length Then may you freely sayle Northwest vp without any daunger of the Riffe or tayle-sand that lieth out Then keepe the square Towre between the East ende of Portesmouth and the Castle vntill you may see the Castle which standeth on the west-side of Portesmouth Eastward of the wood and so may you goe inwardes The marks of these Shoalds and Flats are these viz. The Castle standinge Eastwards of Portesmouth and the square towre wherof I haue now treated VVhen you haue brought the Lymekill so much to the Eastward of the Castle that you may but see betwixt thē then are you vpon a litle shoald which at low water hath 5. fatham and a halfe and then haue you the Castle that standeth on the west ende of Portesmouth at the west corner of the wood But when the square towre that standeth by East of Portesmouth is brought westward of the Castle then the Castle by west of Portesmouth standeth at the woods west ende You haue there at high water 6. fatham And when the square towre is seen betwen the East end of Portsmouth and the Castle and the Castle standeth right betwixt the Limekill and the towre likewise when the Castle on the west end of Portesmouth standeth to the Eastwarde of the wood then haue you 11. fatham at high water But when the Limekill and Portesmouth towre are one the castle beareth westward of the wood then haue you 10. fatham at high water and lastly when S. Helen lieth south west and by west from you then the South east ende of the shoald beareth North east and by north from you Three leagues Eastward of VVeenbridge lieth Arundel which is a bard hauen at half flood .2 fatham deepe you must go in by the west coast and let fall your anker before the towne in .5 fatham Foure leagues from Arundell standeth Nevv Shoram The East side therof hath a grauelly Chesell where alongest you may sayle in and in the entrie you haue .3 fathā water at half flood in the midst before the hauen lie rockes vnder water The entrie on the west side is wide and broad and is at halfe flood 2. fatham deepe the hauen is large and broade within where you may anker in 4. or 5. fatham If you will sayle into the Cammer of Rye shape your course alongst the Shingels and when you shal be a Cables length of the poynt of the Shingels turne vp towards the Castle of VVinchelzey leauing all the shore or shoald markes on your starbord then let fall your Anker in the Riuer of Rie called the Rother at 4. or 5. fatham for the Cammer where in times past we were wonte to lie is now fowle full of shoaldes These countries yeeld litle else but wooll Clothe and Fier-wood which are transported from thence THE SEA COASTES OF ENGLAND betweene the I le of Wight Douer with the principal hauens thereof according to their situation and Appearing * HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE THE SECOND PART OF THE MARINERS MIRROVR conteining in diuers perfect plots sea charts boeth the Northern and Eastern NAVIGATION VIZ. From the Streights between Douer and Callis the coastes of England Scotland Norway Emdenyutland A with all the sounds of Denmark the Baltick sea unto Wiburgh and the Name With their particular descriptions trafiks and commodities A PERFECT DESCRIPTION AND POVRTRAICT OF THE CHIEFEST PART OF England viz. of Thames the riuer of London and of all the sandes bankes flattes and shoaldes vnto Harwich IF you come from the West and will passe within the Goodwin to the foreland first shape your course North north-east
seas Page 23 The courses of Norway Swedland and East Finland Page 23 Diuers courses ouer the Baltick or Eastern sea Page 23 The courses of Frizeland Yutland Pomerland Curland and Lyfland Page 24 The courses on the backside of Moscouie and generally of all our traficks Page 24 A table of the Altitudes or Latitudes of the Pole of the most famous places points and capes Page 25 An explication of the common table of the tides Page 26 VVhat Moone maketh full Sea vpon the coastes of Yutland Frizeland Holland and Zealand Page 26 Full sea vpon the coasts of Flaunders Normandie Britain Gascoyn Biscay Gallicia Portugall and Spayne Page 26 Full sea vpon all the coasts of England Scotland and Ireland Page 26 An instruction to know how many leagues you sayle vpon euery point of the compas for a degree Page 27 A declaration of the table followyng Page 27 The compas and table of the ebbyng and flowing of the Sea Page 27 A compas and table to finde out the Tides of all coastes Page 27 A declaration of the table which conteineth all the full seas fallyng waters vpon the same poynt of the Compas Page 29 The perfect table or tide Chart. Page 30 The ebbs and fallyng waters a-longst the coasts of Frizeland Holland Zeland and Flaunders Page 32 Falling water a-longst the North coasts of Scotland and England Page 32 Falling water between Brittain and Fraunce Page 32 Falling water a-longst the west coasts of England and Ireland Page 32 A perfect description of the depths and soundings nere to diuers prouinces of our Nauigation Page 33 A discription of the soundings and grounds between Ireland England and Normandy Page 34 A discription of the depths of the North Seas from the North Foreland Page 35 The depth of the North Ocean neare Yutland and Ameland Page 35 The soundyngs and grounds of Yutland neare the Schagen or Scaw Page 36 The depths and grounds of the Baltic or Eastern sea Page 36 The Plots or Sea Charts A Discription and generall sea Chart of all the coasts of the greatest part of Europe Page 1 Of the forme and fashion of Buys Beakons and other markes Page 1 Of the Vlie and the Maersdeepe Page 2 Of the Maze the Goere and the Vere Page 3 Of the sea coasts of Flaunders Page 4 Of the Isles of Alderney Garnzey and Iersey and the Quasquets c. Page 5 Of the sea coasts between S. Mallos and beyond the port of Roscou Page 6 Of Conquet Brest and Fontenay Page 7 The wonderfull coasts of Britayn Of the South coasts of Britayn between Blauet and Picquelier with Bellisle and Groy Page 8 Of the sea coasts of Picquelier Rochel Brouage as far as the Riuer of Bourdeaux Page 9 Of the sea coasts of Acason Bayon and the Eastern part of Biscay vnto Castro Page 10 Of the sea costs between Laredo and Sentilliana Page 11 Of the sea coasts between Rio de Sella and Auiles Page 12 Of the sea coasts of Ribadeos Biuiero and Luarca Page 13 Of Corunna called the Groyn Ferolis and Monsy the cheifest Ports of Gallicia Page 14 Of the coasts of Gallicia from the Cape of Finisterre to Camino Page 15 Of the sea coasts of the North parts of Portugal from Viana to Cape de Montego Page 16 Of the sea coasts of the most notable part of Portugal viz. from the Burlings to beyond S. Yues Page 17 Of the sea coasts of Algarbes the Southern part of Portugall Page 18 Of the sea coasts and hauens of Andaluzia Page 19 Of the sea coasts from the Surlings the farthest part of England to Plimmouth Page 20 Of the sea coasts of England between Plimmouth and Portland Page 21 Of the sea coasts between the Isle of Wight and Douer Page 22 THE TABLE OF THE SECOND PART OF the Thames mouth with al the sands shoalds vnto Harwicâ— I The North coasts of England between walderswick and Burnam II The coasts and Channels of Lyn Hull Fyly and Scharborough III Of the Northermost coasts of England from Scharborough to Newcastell IIII The sea coasts between Bambourgh and Aberdein V Of the Southermost part of Norway the coastes adioynyng VI Of the Northern parts of the East sea coasts of Norway and the coasts adioynyng VII Of the North-east countries where the Maelstrand is the chiefest Port. VIII Of the principallest part of Denmark wherin standeth Copen-hauen IX Of Bleckside and Calmer-sound at the entrance of Swed-land X Of VVesterwick about the Mount of the Swethish Yunckfrow the beginning of the Shares XI â—he Sea coasts between wyburgh and the Narue the farthest part of the Belt XII Of Lyfland about Reuell and Moonsound and of the coasts adioynyng XIII Of Righ and Parnout and of the Islands adioynyng XIIII Of the Isle of Oesel liyng between the Belt and the Bay of Righ XV Of Prusland wherof Dantzick is the cheifest Mart. XVI Of the coasts of Pomerland and the countries adioynyng XVII Of the New-deep that stretcheth vp to Statin and Mesound and the sea coasts of Metellenburgh Lubick the Belt Green-sound Moon c. XVIII Of the Belt and all the Islands Rocks and Shoalds between Lalands riff and Steuens head XIX The vttermost coasts of Yutland opposit to Norway XX Of the sea coasts of Yutland with the Islands thervnto belongyng XXI Of Iderst Ditmers and the sea coasts adioynyng XXII Of the sea coasts of Fryzland with the Riuers of VVeser and Emes and of Schalbalch XXIII OF THE VSE AND PRACTISE OF THIS BOOKE WHosoeuer will vse these Charts of seafaring as they ought and as the practise it selfe requireth must first know and diligently marke that the seuerall arisings and appearing of euery country are particularlie pourtrayed in the vppermost part of the Chart or else where is greatest roome and sometimes in the mappe folowing for the fitnes of the place as appeareth in the Charte of Flaunders where the chiefe appearances of Holland and Zealand are set downe in the vppermost part of the Charte in the same fashion as they shew and appeare first to those which come from the sea which may be knowen by mountaynes valleys woodes hils cliffes towres cities beakons or capes c. But after that the coast is descried a skilfull Pilot must consider how he may saile thither and vpon what point of the compasse the hauen or riuer lieth what banks shoalds taile sands rockes vnder and aboue water what blind rockes you must shunne and what depth is neere the shoare And being come nearer what shoare markes steeples windmils hils and cliffes what trees are to be brought in one to come to the true depth or channell Moreouer how the Buyes be set neare the hauens or riuers both in going out and comming in and how farre they lie one from another And that is expressed at large and in good order in the seuerall description of euery Charte And seing that many which were neuer at Sea will not without cause meruaile when they see
here and there with some houses To get the Channell or passage betweene the foresaid rockes and bayes you must saile 2. Cables length from the said rockes almost South Southeast keeping S. Matthewes Abbey in the valley Eastward from Conquet point then beare inwardes vntill you come to Blanc-hauen or Conquet point hale then to the outwardes vntill S. Mathewes Abbey be open vnto you without Conquet point sailing alongest a Cables length off for so shall you not strike vpon the Bell which lieth off Conquet point almost three cables length But keepe Flemynes bay full west of the white Friers called the Blancs Moines But when you may plainely discerne Conquet you are thwart the rockes called Les Fenestriers which lie vnder water at the east side of Conquet hauen But if being at Sea you must turne in bring S. Mathewes Abbey right without Conquet point and saile againe about the rockes called the Hagles which lie almost a third part of the bredth of the waye from Vshant There is a harborough betwixt Fenestriers and the Blancs Moines vnder S. Matthewes point in 6. or 7. fatham And if you wil put ouer from S. Matthewes point to the Race of Fonteneau you must conde the ship from Blancs Moines south and by east vntil you come to the Emperours and Emperes rocks called the Keiser and Keiserine But as you must not presse to neere Keiser least you strike vpon the rockes which lie vnder water so great heede is to be taken that you be not caried away with the tide or currente which commonly setteth in towardes the Keiserine vpon the shoald called the Calfe which stretcheth downe from Keiserine like a tongue and it is alwaies there as a whirlepoole and verie tempestuous The Race of Fonteneau lieth out into the Sea South Southwest But Bresont stretcheth into the sea west and by South foure dutch leagues from S. Matthewes The marke to crosse the Race from S. Mathewes to the Keyser is the mill of Fenestriers standing directly westward off S. Matthewes Abbey But if you will saile to Croixduyns from S. Matthewes poynt hold on east and by south so that you keepe still the Southermost part of the rockes called the Cheminees without Blancs Moines vntill you get the bay of Crodune and the chappell appeare on the grauelly shoare towards which chappell you may safely beare and there anker in 9 or 10. fatham Ouer against Crodun by the north shoare lieth Bertrandes-bay being a very good harborough for a north and northwest winde But he which will goe vp to Breste or Landerneau must get good Pilots for it is all sounding water The Collignier beareth South Southeast about a league a halfe from S. Matthewes poynt The Faukenes lie off from the west poynt of Crodun about the fourth part of a league west southwest The southermost Faukenes standeth from the northermost about halfe a league South South-east and is vnder-water at a high spring-tide A cables length off north north-east lieth a blinde rocke which at lowest ebbe is euen with the water This South Faukenes beareth north-east and by north from Crodun There is also another hidden rocke west-ward from the north-east Faukenes which appeareth at lowest water The rocke called the Hen lieth distant from Faukenes west South-west two Cables length There is another called the Chicken almost north-west and by west from the Hen being two sharpe rockes which at a great ebbe are either euen or little aboue the water There lieth also a rocke east and by south from S. Matthewes poynt lyeng in the middest of Bertrandes-bay by the North-side of the water of Brest And these are his markes viz. when the southermost of the rocks called Cheminees are one with S. Matthewes poynt then you strike vpon this rocke but if it appeare a little without then you goe cleare VVest Penmarques is a bard hauen which is to be entered on the East-side along the shoare and leaue the great rocke on the starre-boord side which being once past you may anker at three fatham water for as you come in without the rocke you haue 8. or 9. fatham you may also sayle within the East Penmarques for the maine is sandy strande where you may anker in 10. or 12. fatham very safely neere vnto the Isle of Morton for there is faire ground THE SEA Carde ofs Britayne Conteining the Coastes Bays Iles and hauens that lye betweene Rouscou and Groye verie dilligently corrected Aº 1588 AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE SOVTH COASTES OF BRITANY BETWEENE BLAVET AND Picquelier wherein is also contayned Belisle and Groy TO sayle into Blauet when you haue the East poynt of the Island called Groy South and by west then are you come to the entry thereof which stretcheth inwardes north northeast where is a very safe harborough for any winde or wether at 6. or 7. fatham water In the entry you haue 4. fatham water but there lie some shoalds which you must shunne On the west-side of the entrie standeth a great sharpe steeple There is also vnder Groy good ground for ankering 7. or 8. fatham deepe and safe harborough for a south-west winde But beware of the south-east shoare for it is rockie ground But if you will harbour vnder Belisle you may goe in on both sides all at large where you may let fall your anker at 10. or 12. fatham water by S. Paules spire steeple But at a Northeast or north north-west winde you must way and plie vp to the East side of the Island where before S. Helen you haue safe road at 10. fatham But if the winde come aboue at south or south south-east returne then before the foresayd steeple of S. Paule There lie 3. Islands about a league and halfe from Belisle the middest whereof hath safe harborough you may sayle betwixt them from Island to Island in some places finde good riding About two leagues thence lieth the maine land where are 2. great bayes or riuers from whence you may betwixt the maine and the foresaid Islandes within Belisle sayle to Croyswicke or Croisill and the riuer of Nantes called the Loyre Croyswicke lyeth from Belisle about 8. dutch leagues East and by North and East North-east And from Croyswicke to the riuer of Loyre it is about 3. leagues He which will goe vp that riuer let him runne along the shoare of Croyswicke 3. cables length off to the pierced rock which he may look thorough like a great gate From thence let him keepe still two cables length off the northerne shore streight to the point whereon standeth a sharpe steeple vntill he be within the rockes called Les Pourceaux which lye in the middest of the riuer betwixt the pierced rocke and the steeple But when he is past S. Nazarethes steeple he may anker in the channell at 10. or 12. fatham where he must take in a Pilotte to lead him vp the Loyre vnto Nantes by the helpe of the plummet There lie Banckes to the Sea-ward a league and
eight leagues and your course lieth from thence South southwest and North northeast The Belt runneth in betweene Longland and Laland From the coastes of Laland stretcheth out a Riff into the sea a league distant from Langland when you haue brought the Tower of Maschou Northwest from you then do you strike vpon the Riff wherefore shape your course neare Longland side in 5. fatham water and so shall you goe cleare of the poynt called Laland Haecken But when the sayd Tower beareth East Northeast from you you are past the poynt then conde Northward vnto Sproy alongst Langeland Vnder the Isle of Moon is good anker ground on both sides albeit from the North coast there stretcheth out a Riff within which you may anker and on the South side there is good harborough from a North northeast and a Northwinde viz. from the Northeast to the northwest side alongst hard by the poynt the ground is fayre and cleare from rockes as you may perceiue by the charte Geester-riff lieth six leagues South southwest from the point of Moon This countrie of Mekelenburgh vttereth sundry sortes of Beere viz. Mesan Rostroyck and Lubeck Beere besides much Rie VVheate Tallow VVood and skinnes In the Island of Rughen which belongeth to this Dukedome is good store of Rie Femer also is one of the chiefest places both for wheate Barley Mault and such like things Ouer against Femer lieth Laland from whence is carried at sometimes some small quantitie of Barley and Mault A TRVE AND PERFECT pourtraiete of the duchie of Mekelenburghe from Iasmunde to femeren A PERFIT POVRTRAict of the Sea coastes of Laland and the countries adioyninge A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE BELT AND ALL THE ISLANDS ROCKS Bancks Shoalds and Riffs which are betweene Lalands Riff and Stephens head HOw Lalandsand may be shunned hath been shewed in the former table ouer against it Eggeford in which you may sayle to Flensburgh runneth into the Belt which thwart ouer against Laland Riff is 6. or 7. fatham deepe The North coast of Langland is fiue or six leagues Northward from hence but the Sproy is not past three leagues to the Northwest from the Northbound of Langland and you may sayle round about it from the South coast of it there trendeth a riff well neere a quarter of a league into the sea The sound of Newburgh is distant from thence two leagues Southwest and by West and it is roomy and large You must geue a good birth off the Northerne bulwarke because it is rockie The entry hath 5. 6. and 7. fatham water There is the kings custome payd There is a little Island to the Southwardes of Newburghs mouth called Frisell that way may you sayle to Flensburgh betweene the Island and Swyneland In the same course you shall meete with another litle Island called Omen Groen sound or the Northbound of Laland is two great leagues of Sproy And Groen sound sloweth betweene Zealand and Laland but hard by Geester riff it falleth agayne into the Traue of Femeren there the Belt is 10. or 12. fatham deepe The Riems lye two leagues North Northwest from the Sproy and asmuch from Knoutshead Now Riems is an Island about the poynt of Finland and can hardly be sayled about for that there wants water at the West side vnder it there is good road on both sides in 6. or 7. fatham The vttermost part of Swyneland lyeth North and by West two leagues from Riems From hence the Isle of Sampson lieth about two great leagues on the South side wherof are many stragling shoalds of two or three fatham Between the North poynt of Finland and the South poynt of Sampson you may saile into Meluersound which runneth between Yutland and Fynland It hath many Portes wherein shippes are fraught to wit Flensbourgh Hadderslo Meluer and many other litle townes as may bee seen in the perticuler Table From Riems Northwest foure leagues lieth a shoald called the Beltsack in the middest of the channell from whence three leagues to the North north east standeth a high Rocky Island called VVero This course or channell hath 10. or 12. fatham There are three or foure other Rockes or Holmes to the Westward between which in many places you may sayle in small Boates but the course is most perillous because it is full of rockes and shoalds between the Sampson and the VVero About Northeast from VVero is Syro a litle Island between these two is a most dangerous sande called Hatters riff yet keeping on your course a quarter of a league of them you shall go cleare of it you haue 4. or 5. fatham water on the side next to VVero but on the East side of Syro you haue deeper water fit for greate vessels Rednes is three great leagues South and by West from Syro and of the North west side of Syro there is a a Riff or shoald to bee taken heede of Both of them in many places shew aboue water Stephen head lieth from these sandes fiues leagues North Northwest The great Helmes lie from VVero and Hatersriff two leagues North Northwest hauing 4. or 5. fatham depth From hence into Arhuse sound your course lieth neere hand West Northwest Arhuse is seated in a Bay which hath 2. or 3. fathā depth Southward from Arhuse sound runneth VVedersound between Yuthland and Sampson but euery where ful of Shoaldes So that he that will sayle it hath neede of good experience of this course For it aboundeth with shoaldes and sandes But between the great Helmes and Yuthland there is 6. or 7. fatham deepth Stephens head lieth from the great Helmes fiue leagues first Southeast and then North northeast Half a great league Southward of Stephens head lieth a shoald of two or three foote water called Caleground Southward whereof there runneth in the Grymsound in which you may sayle vp to Grimstead which is a hauen fit to frayght Pinnaces and such like vessels From the South poynt of Stephens head lieth Aelburgh sound Seuen leagues off North and by West In the very hauen or sounde there are two Buyes and there is almost two fatham water On the West side of that Sound is a flat steeple called Hals from whence to Haselyng which is an Island neare to Codanonia or Zeland the course is fifteene leagues almost Southeast and by east From the North coast of Haseling about two great leagues North east and by North lie the shoaldes of Looseground or quicksande which haue not past foure or fiue foote water The Island may be seen in the Wast of the shippe if you set sayle from out of the Sound with a West winde take heed of these shoaldes But if you will set from Stephens head towardes Sebuy you shall meet with a bancke of 6. or 7. fatham called Sweetering thwart off Aelburgh sound But when you are come so farre that the high hill behind Sebuy beginneth to appeare to you Northwest and by North set your course North northwest and when you haue shallow water then
and the highest downe of Ameren North. Saile in North north East by the out shoalds but when you are within a little way hold on north East and by north to Voren kéeping the Isle of Voren on your larboord and the north Maze on your starreboord side The Small Deepe hath at halfe floode two fatham and a halfe But if you wil saile from holy land to the Riuer of Heuer set north east a litle more easterly when you haue brought the Tower of Pielworme north East by north a Cables length northwarde of the southern Koehuse or cowhouse you are at the outtermost buy Thence hold on to the second north East and north-east by East and the tower of Pielwormen will stand north north-east but continue your course froÌ„ the second buy to the two first Beacons north east by East and from thence to the other two middle East north-east and then north-east and by east to th' other like markes but all these markes stand on the starboord as you goe into the Riuer of Heuer There is a foure square déepe stretching to Huis bridge The entry of the north Heuer lyeth néere Suderoge which is a very lettle Island hauing three or foure rewes of houses in it but at the shoald alled Quaghe it méeteth againe with the right Channell There is also a safe Road betwéen Pelworme and Suderoge but beare somwhat a loofe of the west side of Suderoge for there lieth out from thence a small sand wherfore saile in alongst the land of Pelworme and you shall sée a gréene Island called Nubell where you may anker on the west side in foure or fiue fatham for there is safe riding for ships fraighted and ready to goe out But if you wil to Huyse you may set the Isle of Nubell on your larboord side and returne againe into Huyse-deepe There is also a Channell or entrie neere the land of Eydorsteede leaue the shoald called Quaghe on the larboord side and enter north north-east vntill you are past the Beakons which stande vpon Quaghe and when you are come againe to the true Channell of Heuar which lyeth inwards most north-east and by east in the very entry of Heuar you haue iii. fatham water but on the shoalde called Suidbalge onely two and a halfe But if you wil goe from holy Island to Eyder shape your course east and by north till you perceiue the Tower of Gartingen on the south side of the Downes and north-east and by north from you By these markes saile alongst by the shoald called Blaewart as long as you haue v. or vi fatham where you may gage water But when you haue brought Wisselen-beeren east and by north at v. or vi fatham enter east south-east and east and by south turning sometimes eastward vntill you are cleare of the newe ground for then will the Beakon vpon the shoald of the Hont stand south south-east from you But when the Church of Taringhen appeareth a ships length eastward of the Village Ees you are past the newe ground Then hold on about a league and halfe north north-east towardes the Greene land called Coeberge and if you are to take in any Oxen hale alongst this shoare north north-east bearing sometimes somewhat more casterlie to Vlckehorne into the Channell called Doodebalge which you must warpe out of But when you are right against the south side of Coeberge there you enter into the Channel called Hetlanddeep which stretcheth down from the little Downes on the south-west and from thence reacheth Eyder straight vp to â—onnenghen first east and east by north alongst Dinners shoare then northeast to Tonnenghen The depth of Eyder is almost in euery place like and at halfe flood it hath v. vi or vii fatham If you will from Eyder to the Pipe set small sayle a while vntill the Church of Tatinghen appeare right to the most easterly house of Ees Then saile betwéene the vttermost part of Hont and the shoald of Blaeworte about a quarter of a mile where at halfe flood you shall find two fatham and a halfe water so holding on a little you shall come to the Channell of Pipe in v. or vi fatham There set almost east south-east vntill you are past the Beakon and from thence south-east and by east somewhat more southerly towards the shoalds of Hunen wheron standeth a Beakon and there haue you safe harborough for any wind you may also turne in northward within the Riff or shoald and anker before Buysen If you wyll goe from Buysen to the Elue run through the Channell called Blacke stroome almost south-west where you haue in the way two or thrée Beacons set them on the starboord side as you saile out and you shall enter the Elue néere vnto the seauenth buy And then shall you haue Neweworke almost south-west from you If you will saile to the Elue from holy land your course is south-east and by east and when the markes are one you find the outermost or first buy and the Neweworke will stand from you south-east and by south from the first buy to the second set east and east and by south And from thence to the buy that lieth by the newe entry east north-east and north-east and by east This buy lieth from the Neweworke south and south and by east Hold on from the buy called Coolton to the fourth buy north-east somewhat more easterly from whence to the fift buy east north-east and from the fift to the sixt saile east somewhat to the northwardes The sixt buy and the New worke lie south-west and by south and the north east and by north These buyes lie not as they were wont but are newe placed in a rancke not far from the Newe Shoaldes wherfore looke dilligently to your tide about these foure or fiue buyes for the flood entreth south-easterly through the new shoaldes and the ebbe contrariwise setteth through the northren shoaldes but you may sound the new shoaldes in v. or vi fatham viz. from the fourth buy to the farthest part of the newe shoalder from the vi buy to the vii your course lieth east and by south and east south-east and from the vii to the viii south-east and south east and by east and from thence to the ninth where the shoald is called Kos south-east and south-east and by south then from this buy to the shoald called Meem south-east and by east from Meem to Crutporte or the first buy which lieth in the open streame east south-east and then set towards the shoald called Pilgrimsand or the buy in Doest east and by south which you may saile vnto in foure or v. fatham water from thence to Brunsbuttell hold eastward next to the shoald of Saltshorne or Friburghe eastward alongst the north shoare then kéep east southeast alongst the north shore to the buy which lieth ouer against Steur and then forwards to the buy that lieth vpon Rugeroâ—tesande south-east and south-east and by east This