by_o a_o colony_n or_o colonies_n consist_v of_o a_o number_n between_o a_o hundred_o and_o a_o thousand_o people_n which_o seem_v probable_a such_o colony_n or_o colonies_n may_v be_v bring_v over_o between_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n 2400_o and_o 2600_o viz._n about_o eight_o or_o nine_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o flood_n and_o fourteen_o or_o fifteen_o hundred_o year_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n at_o which_o time_n the_o world_n may_v have_v about_o a_o million_o of_o family_n and_o four_o or_o five_o million_o of_o people_n from_o which_o hypothesis_n it_o will_v follow_v by_o a_o orderly_a series_n of_o increase_n that_o when_o the_o roman_n invade_v england_n fifty_o three_o year_n before_o christ_n time_n the_o kingdom_n may_v have_v about_o 360,000_o people_n and_o at_o christ_n birth_n about_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o that_o at_o the_o norman_a conquest_n ann._n christ_n 1066._o the_o kingdom_n may_v contain_v somewhat_o above_o 2,000,000_o that_o anno_fw-la 1260._o or_o about_o 200_o year_n after_o the_o norman_a conquest_n it_o may_v contain_v about_o 2,750,000_o people_n or_o half_o the_o present_a number_n so_o that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n may_v have_v double_v in_o about_o 435_o year_n last_o pass_v that_o in_o probability_n the_o next_o double_v will_v be_v in_o about_o 600_o year_n to_o come_v viz._n by_o the_o year_n 2300_o at_o which_o time_n it_o may_v have_v about_o 11,000,000_o of_o people_n and_o the_o kingdom_n contain_v about_o 39_o million_o of_o acre_n there_o will_v be_v then_o about_o three_o acre_n and_o a_o half_a per_fw-la head_n that_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o every_o hundred_o year_n of_o the_o last_o precede_a term_n of_o double_v and_o the_o subsequent_a term_n of_o double_v may_v have_v be_v and_o in_o probability_n may_v be_v according_a to_o the_o follow_a scheme_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la number_n of_o people_n increase_v every_o hundred_o year_n 1300_o 2,860,000_o 440,000_o 1400_o 3,300,000_o 540,000_o 1500_o 3,840,000_o 780,000_o 1600_o 4,620,000_o 880,000_o 1700_o 5,500,000_o 920,000_o 1800_o 6,420,000_o 930,000_o 1900_o 7,350,000_o 930,000_o 2000_o 8,280,000_o 925,000_o 2100_o 9,205,000_o 910,000_o 2200_o 10,115,000_o 885,000_o 2300_o 11,000,000_o  _fw-fr whereby_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v 880,000_o people_n in_o the_o last_o hundred_o year_n and_o 920000_o in_o the_o next_o succeed_v hundred_o year_n the_o annual_a increase_n at_o this_o time_n may_v be_v about_o 9000_o soul_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la but_o whereas_o the_o yearly_o birth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v about_o 1_o in_o 28_o 95_o or_o 190,000_o soul_n and_o the_o yearly_o burial_n 1_v in_o 32_o 35_o or_o 170,000_o soul_n whereby_o the_o yearly_o increase_v will_v be_v 20,000_o soul_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v  _fw-fr p._n an._n  _fw-fr 1_o st_z that_o the_o allowance_n for_o plague_n and_o great_a mortality_n may_v come_v to_o at_o a_o medium_fw-la 4000_o 11,000_o per_fw-la an._n 2_o dly_z foreign_a or_o civil_a war_n at_o a_o medium_fw-la 3500_o 3_o dly_a the_o sea_n constant_o employ_v about_o 40,000_o may_v precipitate_v the_o death_n of_o about_o 2500_o 4_o thly_a the_o plantation_n over_z and_o above_o the_o accession_n of_o foreigner_n may_v carry_v away_o 1000_o whereby_o the_o neat_a annual_a increase_n may_v be_v but_o 9000._o soul_n that_o of_o these_o 20,000_o soul_n which_o will_v be_v the_o annual_a increase_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o procreation_n be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o formentioned_a abatement_n the_o country_n increase_v annual_o by_o procreation_n 20,000_o soul_n the_o city_n and_o town_n exclusive_a of_o london_n by_o procreation_n 2000_o soul_n but_o london_n and_o the_o bill_n of_o mortality_n decrease_v annual_o 2000_o soul_n so_o that_o london_n require_v a_o supply_n of_o 2000_o soul_n per_fw-la an._n to_o keep_v it_o from_o decrease_a beside_o a_o further_a supply_n of_o about_o 3000_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o its_o increase_n at_o this_o time_n in_o all_o 5000_o or_o above_o a_o half_a of_o the_o kingdom_n neat_a increase_n mr._n king_n further_o observe_v that_o by_o the_o assessment_n on_o marriage_n birth_n and_o burial_n and_o the_o collector_n return_v thereupon_o and_o by_o the_o parish_n register_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o proportion_n of_o marriage_n birth_n and_o burial_n be_v according_a to_o the_o follow_a scheme_n vide_fw-la scheme_n a._n whence_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o in_o 10,000_o co-existing_a person_n scheme_n a._n people_n annual_a marriage_n 530,000_o london_n and_o bill_n of_o mortality_n 1_o in_o 106._o in_o all_o 5000._o produce_v 4._o child_n each_o 870,000_o the_o city_n and_o market_n town_n 1_o in_o 128._o in_o all_o 6800._o produce_v 4.5_o child_n each_o 4,100,000_o the_o village_n and_o hamlet_n 1_o in_o 141._o in_o all_o 29200._o produce_v 4.8_o child_n each_o 5,500,000_o  _fw-fr 1_o in_fw-la 134._o  _fw-fr 41000._o  _fw-fr 4.64_o  _fw-fr annual_a birth_n annual_a burial_n london_n and_o bill_n of_o mortality_n 1_o in_o 26_o ½_o in_o all_o 20000._o 1_o in_o 24.1_o in_o all_o 22000._o the_o city_n and_o market_n town_n 1_o in_o 28_o ½_o in_o all_o 30600._o 1_o in_o 30.4_o in_o all_o 28600._o the_o village_n and_o hamlet_n 1_o in_o 29.4_o in_o all_o 139400._o 1_o in_o 34.4_o in_o all_o 119400._o  _fw-fr 1_o in_o 28.95_o  _fw-fr 190000._o 1_o in_o 32.35_o  _fw-fr 170000._o place_v this_o scheme_n p._n 20._o there_o be_v 71_o or_o 72_o marriage_n in_o the_o country_n produce_v 343_o child_n 78_o marriage_n in_o town_n produce_v 351_o child_n 94_o marriage_n in_o london_n produce_v 376_o child_n whereby_o it_o follow_v first_o that_o though_o each_o marriage_n in_o london_n produce_v few_o people_n than_o in_o the_o country_n yet_o london_n in_o general_a have_v a_o great_a proportion_n of_o breeder_n be_v more_o prolific_a than_o the_o other_o great_a town_n and_o the_o great_a town_n be_v more_o prolific_a than_o the_o country_n second_o that_o if_o the_o people_n of_o london_n of_o all_o age_n be_v as_o long_o live_v as_o those_o in_o the_o country_n london_n will_v increase_v in_o people_n much_o fast_a pro_fw-la rato_fw-la than_o the_o country_n three_o that_o the_o reason_n why_o each_o marriage_n in_o london_n produce_v few_o child_n than_o the_o country_n marriage_n seem_v to_o be_v first_o from_o the_o more_o frequent_a fornication_n and_o adultery_n second_o from_o a_o great_a luxury_n and_o intemperance_n three_o from_o a_o great_a intenseness_n on_o business_n four_o from_o the_o unhealthfulness_n of_o the_o coal_n smoak_n five_o from_o a_o great_a inequality_n of_o age_n between_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n six_o from_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n not_o live_v so_o long_o as_o in_o the_o country_n he_o far_o observe_v account_v the_o people_n to_o be_v 5,500,000_o that_o the_o say_v five_o million_o and_o a_o half_a include_v the_o transitory_a people_n and_o vagrant_n appear_v by_o the_o assessment_n on_o marriage_n birth_n and_o burial_n to_o bear_v the_o follow_a proportion_n in_o relation_n to_o male_n and_o female_n and_o other_o distinction_n of_o the_o people_n viz._n vide_fw-la scheme_n b._n so_o that_o the_o number_n of_o communicant_n be_v in_o all_o 3,260,000_o soul_n and_o the_o number_n of_o fight_a man_n between_o 16_o and_o 60_o be_v 1,308,000_o that_o the_o bachelor_n be_v about_o 28_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o the_o whole_a whereof_o those_o under_o 25_o year_n be_v 25_o ½_o per_fw-la cent._n and_o those_o above_o 25_o year_n be_v 2_o ½_o per_fw-la cent._n that_o the_o maiden_n be_v about_o 28_o ½_o per_fw-la cent._n of_o the_o whole_a scheme_n b._n  _fw-fr males_n  _fw-fr female_n male_n female_n both_o in_o london_n and_o bill_n of_o mortality_n 10_o to_o 13._o 230,000_o 300,000_o 530,000_o in_o the_o other_o city_n and_o market_n town_n 8_o to_o 9_o 410,000_o 460,000_o 870,000_o in_o the_o village_n and_o hamlet_n 100_o to_o 99_o 2,060,000_o 2,040,000_o 4,100,000_o  _fw-fr 27_o to_z 28._o 2,700,000_o 2,800,000_o 5,500,000_o that_o as_o to_o other_o distinction_n they_o appear_v by_o the_o say_a assessment_n to_o bear_v these_o proportion_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr people_n male_n female_n husband_n and_o wife_n at_o above_o 34_o ½_o per_fw-la cent._n 1,900,000_o 950,000_o 950,000_o widower_n at_o above_o 1_o ½_o per_fw-la cent._n 90,000_o 90,000_o widow_n at_o about_o 4_o ½_o per_fw-la cent._n 240,000_o  _fw-fr 240,000_o child_n at_o above_o 45_o per_fw-la cent._n 2,500,000_o 1,300,000_o 1,200,000_o servant_n at_o about_o 10_o ½_o per_fw-la cent._n 560,000_o 260,000_o 300,000_o sojourner_n and_o single_a person_n 4_o per_fw-la cent._n 210,000_o 100,000_o 110,000_o 100_o 5,500,000_o 2,700,000_o 2,800,000_o and_o that_o the_o different_a proportion_n in_o each_o of_o the_o say_a article_n between_o london_n the_o great_a town_n and_o the_o village_n may_v the_o better_o appear_v he_o have_v form_v the_o follow_a scheme_n  _fw-fr london_n
and_o that_o from_o oleron_n at_o from_o 2_o l._n 10_o s._n to_o 2_o l._n 15._o per_fw-la tun._n but_o now_o the_o very_a duty_n for_o forty_o bushel_n of_o oleron_n salt_n amount_v to_o 13_o l._n 6._o s._n 8._o d._n beside_o the_o 25_o per_fw-la cent._n ad_fw-la valorem_fw-la of_o which_o former_o the_o prime_a cost_n come_v to_o but_o 2_o l._n 15_o s._n at_o high_a the_o duty_n likewise_o upon_o forty_o bushel_n of_o lisbon_n salt_n come_v to_o 13_o l._n 6_o s._n 8_o d._n of_o which_o the_o prime_a cost_n be_v former_o at_o high_a but_o 3_o l._n 10_o s._n and_o as_o to_o our_o newcastle_n and_o limington_n salt_n which_o be_v now_o general_o make_v use_n of_o in_o salt_a beef_n and_o pork_n for_o trading_n vessel_n the_o very_a duty_n for_o forty_o bushel_n amount_v to_o 6_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n of_o which_o before_o the_o war_n the_o prime_a cost_n come_v but_o to_o 3_o l._n at_o the_o dear_a market_n insomuch_o that_o we_o be_v credible_o inform_v a_o merchant_n can_v store_v himself_o in_o ireland_n for_o a_o long_a voyage_n with_o salt_n beef_n and_o pork_n ready_o pack_v up_o almost_o as_o cheap_a as_o he_o can_v buy_v the_o salt_n in_o england_n so_o that_o for_o long_a voyage_n the_o merchant_n will_v either_o victual_v in_o ireland_n or_o salt_n his_o beef_n and_o pork_n on_o some_o foreign_a coast_n as_o he_o sail_n along_o where_o provision_n shall_v be_v cheap_a which_o must_v bring_v a_o great_a damage_n to_o the_o land_a interest_n here_o or_o if_o he_o do_v not_o do_v so_o victual_v will_v be_v so_o expensive_a to_o he_o as_o to_o make_v freight_n much_o dear_a than_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o a_o country_n that_o expect_v to_o thrive_v by_o trade_n the_o consequence_n of_o all_o which_o will_v be_v that_o the_o body_n of_o our_o merchant_n must_v lie_v under_o a_o general_a discouragement_n they_o will_v neglect_v look_v after_o national_a gain_n which_o english_a merchant_n have_v perhaps_o heretofore_o as_o much_o consider_v in_o their_o deal_n as_o any_o trade_n man_n in_o the_o whole_a commercial_n world_n they_o will_v have_v a_o eye_n to_o nothing_o but_o their_o own_o temporary_a profit_n and_o fuffer_v stranger_n to_o go_v away_o with_o those_o gain_n which_o england_n be_v wont_a to_o make_v by_o freight_n from_o whence_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o we_o must_v decay_v in_o our_o stock_n of_o ship_n and_o decrease_v every_o year_n in_o the_o breed_n of_o seaman_n and_o when_o this_o happen_v we_o must_v no_o more_o pretend_v to_o such_o a_o naval_a strength_n as_o have_v hitherto_o make_v we_o terrible_a to_o all_o our_o neighbour_n trade_n without_o doubt_n be_v in_o its_o nature_n a_o pernicious_a thing_n it_o bring_v in_o that_o wealth_n which_o introduce_v luxury_n it_o give_v a_o rise_n to_o fraud_n and_o avarice_n and_o extinguish_v virtue_n and_o simplicity_n of_o manner_n it_o deprave_v a_o people_n and_o make_v way_n for_o that_o corruption_n which_o never_o fail_v to_o end_v in_o slavery_n foreign_n or_o domestic_a lycurgus_n in_o the_o most_o perfect_a model_n of_o government_n that_o be_v ever_o frame_v do_v banish_v it_o from_o his_o commonwealth_n but_o the_o posture_n and_o condition_n of_o other_o country_n consider_v it_o be_v become_v with_o we_o a_o necessary_a evil._n we_o shall_v be_v continual_o expose_v to_o insult_v and_o invasion_n without_o such_o a_o naval_a force_n as_o be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v natural_o but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o extend_a traffic_n however_o if_o trade_n can_v be_v make_v subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o nation_n be_v safety_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v no_o more_o encourage_v here_o than_o it_o be_v in_o sparta_n and_o it_o can_v never_o tend_v to_o make_v we_o safe_a unless_o it_o be_v so_o manage_v as_o to_o make_v we_o increase_v in_o ship_n and_o in_o the_o breed_n of_o seaman_n freight_n be_v not_o only_o the_o most_o politic_a but_o the_o most_o national_a and_o most_o certain_a profit_n a_o country_n can_v possible_o make_v by_o trade_n therefore_o all_o duty_n must_v be_v pernicious_a that_o burden_n it_o and_o make_v it_o dear_a and_o we_o have_v dwell_v the_o long_a upon_o this_o article_n of_o the_o salt_n duty_n because_o it_o seem_v to_o have_v more_o dangerous_a consequence_n in_o relation_n to_o our_o commerce_n abroad_o than_o all_o the_o other_o imposition_n put_v together_o the_o late_a tax_n upon_o coal_n be_v a_o heavy_a burden_n on_o all_o handicraft_n work_v on_o iron_n a_o manufacture_n in_o which_o we_o be_v now_o come_v to_o a_o great_a perfection_n and_o the_o skill_n and_o neatness_n of_o our_o workman_n be_v such_o in_o lock_n key_n hinge_n and_o other_o curiosity_n of_o this_o kind_n that_o our_o exportation_n of_o these_o commodity_n may_v in_o time_n grow_v very_o considerable_a if_o this_o new_a duty_n do_v not_o interrupt_v their_o industry_n we_o have_v show_v in_o several_a instance_n how_o the_o excise_n late_o set_v a_o foot_n may_v affect_v we_o in_o the_o general_a balance_n of_o trade_n and_o we_o have_v do_v it_o with_o a_o design_n of_o make_v it_o appear_v how_o much_o it_o be_v for_o the_o common_a good_a to_o endeavour_v to_o get_v out_o of_o those_o debt_n for_o which_o these_o revenue_n be_v the_o security_n and_o fund_z mr._n king_n in_o a_o scheme_n of_o he_o of_o the_o yearly_o increase_v and_o decrease_v of_o the_o actual_a stock_n of_o england_n from_o the_o year_n 1600._o to_o 1698._o and_o what_o it_o may_v probable_o amount_v to_o by_o the_o year_n 1710._o if_o the_o present_a peace_n continue_v and_o none_o of_o those_o accident_n of_o plague_n war_n fire_n and_o civil_a discord_n intervene_v which_o more_o or_o less_o do_v certain_o diminish_v or_o hinder_v the_o increase_n of_o the_o nation_n wealth_n whenever_o they_o happen_v compute_v that_o anno_fw-la 1600._o the_o say_v actual_a stock_n be_v but_o about_o 25_o million_o make_v a_o yearly_o increase_v of_o about_o 4_o or_o 500,000_o l._n that_o anno_fw-la 1630._o it_o be_v about_o 37_o million_o make_v a_o yearly_o increase_v of_o about_o one_o million_o that_o in_o 1664._o the_o year_n before_o the_o last_o great_a plague_n it_o be_v about_o 64_o million_o make_v a_o yearly_o increase_v of_o about_o 1,200,000_o l._n and_o that_o anno_fw-la 1668._o it_o be_v about_o 86_o million_o make_v a_o yearly_o increase_v of_o 2,400,000_o l._n and_o conclude_v first_o that_o the_o last_o plague_n the_o fire_n of_o london_n and_o the_o dutch_a war_n do_v actual_o diminish_v the_o say_a stock_n at_o least_o 9_o or_o 10_o million_o and_o hinder_v the_o increase_n of_o 18_o or_o 20_o million_o more_o second_o that_o the_o last_o war_n with_o france_n with_o the_o other_o circumstance_n of_o the_o revolution_n and_o the_o recoyn_v the_o money_n have_v actual_o diminish_v the_o say_a stock_n about_o 12_o million_o and_o hinder_v the_o increase_n of_o about_o 28_o million_o beside_o three_o that_o the_o nation_n will_v not_o arrive_v to_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o actual_a stock_n which_o it_o have_v anno_fw-la 1688._o till_o about_o the_o year_n 1705._o nor_o make_v a_o increase_n of_o 2,400,000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la as_o it_o do_v in_o 1688._o till_o about_o the_o year_n 1706._o nor_o then_o neither_o unless_o the_o tax_n be_v considerable_o diminish_v that_o thereby_o our_o navigation_n and_o commerce_n may_v be_v full_o restore_v to_o what_o it_o be_v before_o the_o late_a war._n we_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o give_v any_o account_n of_o the_o present_a posture_n of_o our_o foreign_a trade_n nor_o how_o it_o stand_v during_o all_o the_o last_o war_n for_o it_o will_v be_v launch_v into_o a_o very_a wide_a sea_n but_o without_o doubt_n the_o immense_a sum_n that_o have_v be_v raise_v every_o year_n and_o the_o variety_n of_o new_a duty_n that_o have_v be_v late_o levy_v be_v a_o heavy_a burden_n upon_o it_o and_o in_o order_n to_o give_v some_o little_a light_n into_o this_o matter_n and_o to_o show_v how_o the_o balance_n have_v be_v and_o may_v be_v thereby_o affect_v we_o shall_v brief_o state_n what_o money_n have_v be_v anual_o grant_v since_o the_o war._n  _fw-fr l._n s._n d._n for_o anno_fw-la 1689._o grant_v for_o the_o war_n and_o to_o pay_v 60,000_o l._n to_o king_n charles_n servant_n and_o to_o pay_v 600,000_o l._n to_o the_o dutch_a in_o all_o that_o year_n 1,844,786_o 16_o 04_o for_o anno_fw-la 1690._o grant_v for_o the_o war_n 2,535,452_o 01_o 02_o for_o anno_fw-la 1691._o grant_v for_o the_o war_n and_o for_o build_v ship_n 4,794,861_o 07_o 00_o 3_o 4_o for_o anno_fw-la 1692._o grant_v beside_o what_o be_v pay_v out_o of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n towards_o the_o war_n 3,337,268_o 08_o 09_o â_o 4_o carry_v over_o 12,512,368_o 13_o 04_o  _fw-fr l._n s._n d._n bring_v over_o 12,512,368_o 13_o 04_o