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england_n king_n son_n year_n 19,217 5 5.4142 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A91218 Minors no senators. Or A briefe discourse, proving, that infants under the age of 21. yeares, are uncapable, in point of law, of being members of Parliament, and that the elections of any such are meere nullities; yea, injurious, prejuditiall, dishonourable to the whole Parliament and Kingdome, in sundry respects. / Written by a common-lawyer (a true lover of his country, and honourer of the Parliament) to a friend and client of his, for his private satisfaction, and published for the common-good. Prynne, William, 1600-1669. 1646 (1646) Wing P4008; Thomason E506_33; ESTC R205590 20,692 18

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because_o there_o be_v great_a difference_n distraction_n between_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n and_o more_o labour_v to_o make_v party_n in_o the_o house_n to_o serve_v end_n if_o possible_a then_o in_o any_o former_a age_n 3_o because_o a_o great_a reformation_n be_v now_o expect_v promise_a endeavour_v in_o church_n state_n parliament_n then_o in_o any_o precedent_n time_n 4_o because_o the_o act_n and_o member_n of_o this_o parliament_n more_o concern_v the_o kingdom_n to_o be_v free_a from_o all_o just_a exception_n and_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v more_o narrow_o scan_v sift_v both_o for_o the_o present_a and_o future_a time_n than_o the_o member_n or_o proceed_n of_o any_o former_a parliament_n and_o the_o least_o just_a flaw_n against_o they_o may_v in_o after_o age_n prove_v dangerous_a if_o not_o fatal_a to_o revoke_v or_o shake_v what_o ever_o shall_v be_v conclude_v by_o they_o now_o if_o not_o timely_o prevent_v 5._o because_o this_o parliament_n be_v more_o last_a than_o 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way_n of_o thy_o path_n isay_n 3._o 5._o 12._o therefore_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v mischievous_a and_o a_o heavy_a judgement_n to_o have_v child_n and_o babe_n in_o law_n member_n of_o our_o parliament_n which_o shall_v be_v a_o council_n of_o the_o sage_a discreet_a senator_n and_o elder_n of_o our_o realm_n 2_o it_o be_v of_o very_o dangerous_a consequence_n for_o infant_n to_o be_v admit_v member_n especial_o in_o these_o time_n of_o great_a consultation_n action_n danger_n and_o reformation_n for_o first_o if_o any_o one_o infant_n may_v de_fw-fr jure_fw-la be_v a_o member_n of_o parliament_n then_o by_o consequence_n a_o second_o three_o and_o so_o in_o infinitum_fw-la till_o the_o house_n be_v fill_v with_o such_o for_o surety_n if_o one_o infant_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v a_o member_n than_o another_o as_o well_o as_o he_o and_o if_o a_o infant_n of_o twenty_o year_n then_o of_o ten_o twelve_o or_o less_o by_o like_o reason_n since_o if_o you_o once_o break_v the_o rule_n of_o law_n you_o can_v set_v no_o bound_n to_o
officer_n in_o any_o court_n of_o law_n or_o justice_n so_o far_o from_o be_v the_o most_o sufficient_a man_n to_o wit_v for_o wisdom_n skill_n experience_n judgement_n the_o sufficiency_n here_o intend_v that_o they_o be_v the_o most_o insufficient_a of_o any_o nnlesse_a all_o the_o whole_a county_n city_n or_o borough_n which_o elect_v they_o be_v fool_n child_n or_o more_o indiscreet_a than_o those_o very_a infant_n they_o choose_v to_o serve_v in_o parliament_n as_o most_o discreet_a and_o sufficient_a person_n there_o be_v yet_o a_o three_o clause_n in_o the_o writ_n describe_v what_o person_n must_v be_v elect_v knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n of_o parliament_n even_o such_o only_a qui_fw-la plaenam_fw-la et_fw-la sufficientem_fw-la potestatem_fw-la pro_fw-la se_fw-la et_fw-la communitate_fw-la civitatum_fw-la et_fw-la burgorum_fw-la pradict_n ad_fw-la faciedum_fw-la et_fw-la conse●t_fw-la i●ndum_fw-la his_fw-la quae_fw-la tunc_fw-la ibidem_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la super_fw-la negotijs_fw-la ante_fw-la dictis_fw-la contigerint_fw-la ordinari_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la pro_fw-la defecta_fw-la potestatis_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la seu_fw-la propter_fw-la improvidam_fw-la electionem_fw-la civium_fw-la ac_fw-la burgensium_n pradictorum_fw-la dicta_fw-la n●gocia_fw-la infecta_fw-la non_fw-la remaneant_fw-la quovismodo_fw-la now_o be_v ward_n or_o infant_n under_o the_o age_n of_o 21._o year_n such_o person_n as_o these_o have_v they_o or_o can_v they_o have_v any_o full_a and_o sufficient_a power_n for_o themselves_o or_o for_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o county_n city_n or_o borough_n for_o which_o they_o serve_v to_o do_v and_o consent_n to_o those_o thing_n concerning_o the_o arduous_a and_o weighty_a affair_n of_o the_o church_n and_o state_n of_o england_n which_o shall_v be_v ordain_v by_o common_a consent_n in_o parliament_n doubtless_o not_o our_o common_a law_n resolve_v h_o coverture_n that_o infant_n have_v no_o full_a power_n to_o do_v or_o consent_n to_o any_o thing_n for_o themselves_o if_o they_o levy_v a_o fine_a acknowledge_v a_o statute_n or_o recognizance_n which_o be_v matter_n of_o record_n they_o may_v avoid_v they_o by_o a_o writ_n of_o i_o 35._o error_n or_o a_o audita_fw-la quarla_fw-fr by_o the_o common-law_n during_o their_o minority_n their_o feofment_n gra●ts_n release_v be_v all_o either_o void_a or_o voidable_a as_o will_v at_o their_o full_a age_n as_o before_o and_o that_o not_o only_o by_o themselves_o but_o their_o heir_n to_o by_o entry_n or_o a_o writ_n of_o k_o aetatem_fw-la dum_fw-la fuit_fw-la infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la yea_o their_o assent_n be_v mere_o void_a in_o law_n not_o bind_v themselves_o as_o our_o law-book_n resolve_v upon_o which_o very_a reason_n m._n 11._o e._n 3._o assize_n 87._o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o if_o one_o enter_v upon_o the_o freehold_n of_o a_o infant_n with_o his_o assent_n this_o be_v a_o disseisin_n because_o a_o infant_n can_v consent_v to_o a_o entry_n and_o if_o he_o can_v consent_v full_o for_o himself_o much_o less_o for_o other_o be_v unable_a to_o be_v a_o l_o 18._o attorney_n or_o proxy_n to_o assent_v for_o other_o in_o any_o court_n of_o justice_n much_o more_o than_o in_o a_o parliament_n the_o supreme_a court_n therefore_o for_o defect_n of_o such_o a_o power_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o such_o a_o improvident_a election_n of_o infant-citizen_n and_o burgess_n the_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n must_v needs_o remain_v altogether_o or_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n unfinished_a contrary_a to_o the_o purport_n of_o the_o writ_n of_o election_n and_o so_o in_o all_o these_o respect_n such_o infant_n election_n must_v needs_o be_v mere_o void_a in_o law_n my_o second_o sort_n of_o reason_n shall_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n itself_o as_o it_o be_v the_o supreme_a court_n of_o justice_n the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o from_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o great_a public_a affair_n therein_o debate_v transact_v resolve_v settle_v first_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n be_v the_o m_o 1._o most_o absolute_a and_o supreme_a court_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o realm_n wherein_o the_o judgement_n proceed_n of_o all_o other_o court_n civil_a ecclesiastical_a or_o marine_a be_v examine_v final_o determine_v confirm_v or_o revoke_v without_o any_o further_a appeal_n if_o then_o a_o infant_n be_v uncapable_a of_o be_v a_o judge_n either_o of_o matter_n of_o fact_n or_o law_n in_o any_o iuferiour_a court_n of_o justice_n much_o more_o than_o in_o this_o supreme_a sovereign_a court_n which_o control_v all_o other_o master_n lit●leton_n in_o his_o chapter_n of_o parcener_n sect._n 259._o and_o sir_n edward_n cook_n in_o his_o institute_n on_o it_o f._n 155._o 172._o 175._o resolve_n that_o a_o infant_n before_o the_o age_n of_o 21._o can_v be_v a_o n_o a._n bailiff_n nor_o receiver_n for_o want_n of_o skill_n and_o ability_n in_o intendment_n of_o law_n to_o make_v any_o improvement_n or_o profit_n of_o land_n or_o good_n nor_o yet_o swear_v at_o all_o in_o any_o inquest_n as_o a_o juror_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o o_o 41_o juror_n be_v judge_n of_o all_o matter_n of_o f●ct_n which_o infant_n have_v no_o competent_a knowledge_n experience_n or_o judgement_n in_o eye_n of_o law_n to_o determine_v or_o judge_v a_o right_a of_o any_o matter_n come_v judicial_o before_o they_o and_o therefore_o be_v not_o such_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la as_o the_o venire_fw-la require_v m._n 40._o and_o 41._o eliz._n b._n rs._n in_o a_o case_n between_o scambler_n and_o walker_n report_v in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n institute_n on_o littleton_n fol._n 3._o b_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o a_o infant_n be_v altogether_o uncapable_a of_o a_o stewardship_n of_o a_o manner_n in_o possession_n or_o reversion_n or_o of_o any_o office_n which_o concern_v the_o administration_n or_o execution_n of_o justice_n or_o the_o king_n revenue_n or_o the_o common_a wealth_n or_o the_o interest_n benefit_n or_o safety_n of_o the_o subject_a because_o the_o law_n intend_v he_o want_v both_o skill_n and_o judgement_n judicial_o to_o manage_v either_o of_o they_o if_o then_o a_o infant_n be_v utter_o uncapable_a of_o be_v a_o judge_n officer_n or_o executioner_n of_o justice_n in_o a_o court_n baron_n leet_n or_o in_o any_o the_o most_o inferior_a court_n or_o of_o be_v a_o justice_n of_o peace_n major_n bailiff_n sheriff_n auditor_n p_o 55._o or_o but_o a_o ordinary_a attorney_n and_o the_o like_a where_o the_o mean_a business_n between_o man_n and_o man_n be_v transact_v much_o more_o be_v he_o uncapable_a of_o be_v a_o judge_n in_o parliament_n the_o suprem●st_a court_n of_o justice_n where_o the_o most_o difficult_a business_n the_o most_o weighty_a public_a cause_n be_v q_o 1._o final_o examine_v debate_v judge_v without_o any_o further_a appeal_n the_o very_a judgement_n of_o the_o great_a learned_a judge_n re-examine_a and_o ofttimes_o reverse_v the_o very_a life_n liberty_n estate_n of_o all_o the_o subject_n yea_o the_o prerogative_n right_n revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n itself_o judicial_o determine_v to_o the_o kingdom_n weal_n or_o woe_n upon_o this_o very_a ground_n in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v of_o right_a to_o send_v forth_o his_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o any_o peer_n that_o be_v under_o age_n neither_o do_v he_o use_v to_o summon_v such_o to_o sit_v as_o judge_n in_o that_o house_n though_o peer_n by_o birth_n but_o when_o any_o peer_n be_v of_o all_o age_n than_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o writ_n of_o summons_n ex_fw-la debito_fw-la justitiae_fw-la not_o before_o as_o sir_n edward_n cook_n inform_v we_o in_o his_o 4._o institute_n fol._n 19_o and_o 41._o nay_o if_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v a_o infant_n as_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d._o rich._n the_o second_o hen._n 5._o hen._n 6._o edward_n 5._o and_o 6._o and_o some_o other_o of_o our_o king_n be_v the_o r_o 71_o parliament_n have_v in_o such_o case_n usual_o create_v a_o l._n protector_n over_o he_o in_o nature_n of_o a_o guardian_n to_o supply_v his_o place_n in_o parliament_n to_o give_v his_o royal_a assent_n to_o bill_n and_o execute_v that_o royal_a authority_n which_o himself_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o infancy_n be_v unable_a to_o discharge_v that_o of_o ſ_o 517._o livy_n concerning_o jerom_n the_o infant_n k._n of_o syra●use_n who_o have_v his_o protector_n being_n true_a nomen_fw-la regium_fw-la penes_fw-la puerum_fw-la regem_fw-la regimen_fw-la rerum_fw-la omnium_fw-la penes_fw-la tutores_fw-la if_o then_o our_o peer_n themselves_o during_o their_o minority_n be_v thus_o uncapable_a of_o be_v judge_n in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n where_o they_o represent_v their_o own_o person_n only_o and_o our_o king_n too_o in_o some_o respect_n then_o much_o more_o be_v other_o infant_n uncapable_a of_o be_v member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o where_o they_o t_o 1._o represent_v whole_a county_n city_n borough_n yea_o the_o commons_o