where_o both_o the_o archbishop_n brithwald_n and_o wilfrid_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n nobles_z and_o these_o two_o king_n be_v present_a wherein_o donationes_fw-la omnes_fw-la confirmatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la all_o these_o their_o donation_n and_o charter_n be_v confirm_v and_o likewise_o in_o another_o synod_n at_o london_n an._n 712._o a_o most_o pregnant_a evidence_n that_o these_o king_n charter_n and_o donation_n though_o ratify_v by_o the_o pope_n himself_o be_v not_o valid_a nor_o obligatory_a to_o their_o successor_n or_o people_n without_o their_o common_a consent_n to_o and_o confirmation_n of_o they_o in_o a_o general_a parliamentary_a council_n of_o the_o prelate_n noble_n clergy_n and_o laity_n even_o by_o the_o pope_n and_o these_o king_n own_o confession_n and_o practice_n in_o that_o age_n 716._o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 716._o 852._o ethelbald_a king_n of_o mâ—rcians_n by_o his_o charter_n give_v to_o god_n the_o bless_a virgin_n saint_n bartholomew_n &_o kenulphus_n the_o whole_a isle_n of_o croyland_n to_o build_v a_o monastery_n and_o confirm_v it_o to_o they_o for_o ever_o free_a from_o all_o rent_n and_o secular_a service_n &_o inde_fw-la charâ—am_fw-la svam_fw-la in_o praesenâ—ia_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la 10._o procerumque_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la securam_fw-la statuit_fw-la all_o his_o bishop_n and_o noble_n of_o his_o realm_n assent_v to_o and_o ratify_v this_o charter_n of_o he_o both_o with_o the_o subscription_n of_o their_o â—_z aâ—d_a sign_n of_o the_o cross_n as_o well_o as_o the_o king_n that_o so_o it_o may_v be_v firm_a and_o irrevocable_a be_v his_o demesne_a land_n which_o charter_n be_v at_o large_a record_v in_o the_o history_n of_o ingulphus_n 720._o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 720._o 586._o some_o fabulous_o write_v that_o king_n ina_n take_v guala_n daughter_n of_o cadwalladeâ—_n last_o king_n of_o the_o briton_n to_o wife_n with_o who_o he_o receive_v wales_n and_o cornwall_n and_o the_o bless_a crown_n of_o britain_n whereupon_o all_o the_o english_a that_o then_o be_v take_v they_o wife_n of_o the_o briton_n race_n and_o all_o the_o briton_n take_v they_o wife_n of_o the_o illustrious_a blood_n of_o the_o english_a and_o saxon_n 6â—_n which_o be_v do_v per_n common_a concilium_fw-la et_fw-la assensum_fw-la omnium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la ac_fw-la principuruâ—_n procerum_fw-la comitâ—m_fw-la et_fw-la omnium_fw-la sapientum_fw-la seniorum_fw-la et_fw-la populorum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la assemble_v â—oâ—â—â—her_n in_o a_o general_n parliamentary_a council_n et_fw-la per_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la regis_fw-la inae_fw-la whereby_o they_o become_v one_o nation_n and_o people_n afâ—er_v which_o they_o all_o call_v that_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n which_o before_o be_v call_v the_o realm_n of_o britain_n and_o they_o all_o ever_o after_o stand_v together_o unite_v in_o one_o for_o common_a profit_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o with_o a_o unanimous_a consent_n most_o fierce_o fight_v against_o the_o dane_n and_o norwegian_n and_o wage_v most_o cruel_a war_n with_o they_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o country_n land_n and_o liberty_n an._n 705._o king_n anglâ—_n ina_n by_o his_o royal_a charter_n 725._o grant_v and_o confirm_v many_o land_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o glastonbury_n endow_v that_o abbey_n and_o the_o land_n thereto_o belong_v with_o many_o large_a and_o great_a privilege_n exempt_n they_o from_o all_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n and_o from_o all_o regal_a exaction_n and_o service_n which_o be_v accustom_v to_o be_v except_v and_o reserve_v to_o wit_n from_o expedition_n and_o building_n and_o repair_v of_o castle_n or_o bridge_n from_o which_o they_o shall_v inviolable_o remain_v free_a and_o exempt_v 10._o and_o from_o all_o the_o promulgation_n and_o perâ—urbations_n of_o arch-bishop_n and_o bishop_n which_o privilege_n be_v former_o grant_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o ancient_a charter_n of_o his_o predecessor_n kenewalcus_fw-la kentwin_n ceadwalla_n and_o baldred_n this_o charter_n of_o his_o be_v make_v and_o ratify_v by_o the_o consent_n and_o subscription_n not_o only_o of_o king_n ina_n himself_o but_o also_o of_o queen_n edelâ—urâ—â—â—_n â—_z king_n baldrâ—d_n adelard_n the_o queen_n bâ—oâ—herâ—_n consentientibus_fw-la etiam_fw-la omnibus_fw-la britannish_a regibus_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la ducibus_fw-la atque_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la all_o the_o king_n archbishop_n bishop_n duke_n and_o abbot_n of_o britain_n consent_v likewise_o thereuntoâ—_n â—_z many_o of_o which_o subscribe_v their_o name_n unto_o it_o be_v assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n for_o that_o end_n 727._o king_n 765._o ina_n in_o the_o year_n 727._o travel_v to_o rome_n build_v thâ—re_o a_o school_n for_o the_o english_a to_o be_v instruct_v in_o the_o faith_n grant_v towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o english_a scholar_n there_o a_o penny_n out_o of_o every_o house_n within_o hâ—s_n realm_n 6._o call_v romescot_n or_o peterpence_n to_o be_v pay_v towards_o it_o every_o year_n all_o which_o thing_n and_o tax_n that_o they_o may_v continue_v firm_a for_o perpetuity_n statutum_n eâ—t_v generaâ—â—â—ecreâ—o_v etc._n etc._n be_v confirm_v by_o a_o general_a decree_n of_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o â—is_n realm_n then_o hold_v for_o that_o purpose_n of_o which_o 71._o before_o more_o large_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 742._o there_o be_v 21._o a_o great_a 742._o parliamentary_a council_n hold_v at_o clovesho_n or_o clyffe_n where_o ethelbald_a king_n of_o mercia_n sit_v precedent_n with_o cuthbert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n sit_v together_o with_o they_o diligent_o examine_v thing_n necessary_a concern_v religion_n and_o studious_o search_v out_o of_o the_o ancient_a creed_n and_o institution_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n how_o thing_n be_v order_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o equity_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o church_n birth_n in_o england_n while_o they_o be_v inquire_v after_o these_o thing_n and_o the_o ancient_a privilege_n of_o the_o church_n at_o last_o there_o come_v to_o their_o hand_n the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n which_o king_n wither_a have_v graâ—ted_v to_o the_o church_n in_o kent_n 5.10_o which_o be_v read_v before_o all_o by_o king_n ethelbalds_n command_n they_o be_v all_o very_a well_o please_v therewith_o and_o say_v unanimous_o that_o there_o can_v not_o be_v find_v any_o so_o noble_a and_o so_o prudent_a a_o decree_n as_o this_o former_o make_v touch_v ecclesiastical_a discipline_n and_o therefore_o hoc_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la firmari_fw-la sanxerunt_fw-la decree_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v confirm_v by_o they_o all_o whereupon_o king_n ethelbald_n for_o the_o salvation_n of_o his_o soul_n and_o stability_n of_o his_o kingdom_n confirm_v and_o subscribe_v with_o his_o own_o munificent_a hand_n that_o the_o liberty_n honour_n authority_n and_o security_n of_o christ_n church_n in_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v deny_v by_o no_o person_n but_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n with_o all_o the_o land_n pertain_v thereunto_o except_o expedition_n and_o build_n of_o bridge_n and_o castle_n and_o like_v as_o the_o say_a king_n wither_a himself_n ordain_v those_o privilege_n shall_v be_v observe_v by_o he_o and_o he_o so_o he_o and_o this_o council_n command_v they_o shall_v continue_v irrefragable_o and_o immutable_o in_o all_o thing_n and_o if_o any_o of_o our_o successor_n king_n bishop_n or_o prince_n shall_v attempt_v to_o infringe_v this_o wholesome_a decree_n let_v he_o render_v a_o account_n to_o almighty_a god_n in_o that_o terrible_a day_n but_o if_o any_o earl_n priests_z clerk_z deacon_n or_o monk_n shall_v resist_v this_o decree_n let_v he_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o degree_n and_o sequester_v from_o the_o participation_n of_o the_o body_n &_o blood_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o alienate_v from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n unless_o he_o shall_v amend_v with_o due_a satisfaction_n what_o he_o have_v unjust_o do_v through_o the_o evil_a of_o pride_n 197._o anno_fw-la 747._o 747._o there_o be_v another_o parliamentary_a council_n hold_v at_o clovesho_n or_o clyâ—fe_n under_o king_n ethelbald_n where_o the_o king_n himself_o with_o cuthbeâ—t_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n eleven_o other_o bishop_n cum_fw-la principibus_fw-la et_fw-la ducibus_fw-la with_o the_o prince_n and_o duke_n be_v present_a in_o this_o council_n be_v some_o ecclesiastical_a law_n and_o canon_n make_v the_o last_o whereof_o be_v for_o prayer_n to_o be_v public_o make_v for_o king_n and_o prince_n incessant_o that_o the_o people_n may_v live_v a_o godly_a and_o peaceable_a life_n under_o their_o pious_a protection_n in_o this_o council_n king_n ethelbald_n renew_v and_o enlarge_v his_o former_a grant_n of_o privilege_n to_o the_o church_n recite_v at_o large_a in_o the_o marginal_a author_n the_o sum_n whereof_o be_v this_o 12._o plerumque_fw-la contingere_fw-la solet_fw-la pro_fw-la incertâ_fw-la futurotum_fw-la temporum_fw-la vicissitudine_fw-la ut_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la prius_fw-la multorum_fw-la fidelium_fw-la personarum_fw-la testimonio_fw-la consilioque_fw-la roborata_fw-la fuissent_fw-la ut_fw-la fraudulenter_n
and_o other_o officer_n nor_o burden_v with_o unjust_a exaction_n or_o contribution_n yea_o by_o his_o large_a aâ—mes_n and_o giâ—â—s_v he_o â—ent_v to_o romeâ—_n â—_z 1_o he_o procure_v the_o english_a school_n to_o be_v free_v from_o all_o tax_n and_o tribute_n by_o the_o pope_n special_a bull._n and_o we_o never_o read_v he_o impose_v the_o least_o public_a tax_n upon_o his_o subject_n during_o all_o his_o war_n and_o exigence_n by_o his_o own_o regal_a power_n upon_o any_o pretext_n of_o public_a necessity_n danger_n defence_n or_o safety_n of_o the_o realm_n against_o the_o numerous_a invade_v plunder_v danish_a force_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n which_o our_o late_a and_o present_a egyptian_a tax-master_n may_v do_v well_o to_o consider_v 894._o 23._o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 894._o this_o king_n alfred_n and_o guthurn_n the_o dane_n give_v to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n cuthbert_n in_o durham_n all_o the_o land_n between_o weor_n and_o tyne_n for_o a_o perpetual_a succession_n free_a from_o all_o custom_n and_o secular_a service_n 10._o with_o all_o custom_n saca_n and_o socua_n and_o infaugtheof_o thereunto_o belong_v with_o sundry_a other_o privilege_n which_o they_o ordain_v to_o be_v perpetual_o observe_v non_fw-la solum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sed_fw-la et_fw-la danorum_fw-la consentiente_fw-la et_fw-la collaudante_fw-la exercitu_fw-la by_o the_o consent_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o army_n not_o only_o of_o the_o english_a but_o dane_n also_o have_v leges_fw-la &_o haec_fw-la statuta_fw-la which_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o a_o parliamentary_a counsel_n then_o hold_v in_o both_o their_o army_n quicunque_fw-la quolibet_fw-la nisu_fw-la infringere_fw-la praesumpserint_fw-la eos_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la nisi_fw-la emendaverint_fw-la gehennae_fw-la ignibus_fw-la puniendos_fw-la anathematizando_fw-la sententia_fw-la omnium_fw-la contradidit_fw-la i_o pretermit_v the_o 387._o welsh_a synod_n hold_v under_o the_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n during_o king_n alfred_n reign_v as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n conjectureâ—_n in_o who_o thâ—_n reader_n may_v peruse_v they_o wherein_o the_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n and_o his_o clergy_n excommunicate_v some_o of_o their_o petty_a welsh_a king_n for_o murder_n perjury_n violate_v the_o church_n patrimony_n and_o injure_v the_o bishop_n family_n who_o upon_o their_o repentance_n and_o reconciliation_n give_v all_o of_o they_o some_o parcel_n of_o land_n to_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n the_o rather_o because_o i_o conceive_v they_o fabulous_a there_o be_v no_o such_o form_n of_o excommunication_n use_v in_o those_o day_n as_o 3â—0_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n prove_v nor_o any_o such_o episcopal_a synod_n hold_v in_o england_n under_o king_n alfred_n himself_o the_o barbarous_a dane_n have_v throughout_o all_o england_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n utter_o waste_v and_o destroy_v all_o city_n town_n castle_n monastery_n church_n put_v most_o of_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n clergy_n to_o the_o sword_n and_o almost_o quite_o delete_v the_o knowledge_n of_o learning_n and_o religion_n out_o of_o the_o whole_a nation_n insomuch_o that_o there_o be_v very_o few_o spiritual_a person_n on_o this_o side_n humber_n who_o can_v either_o understand_v the_o common_a prayer_n in_o the_o english_a tongue_n or_o translate_v any_o writing_n out_o of_o latin_a into_o english_a yea_o so_o few_o that_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o one_o man_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o thames_n that_o can_v do_v it_o till_o king_n alfred_n after_o his_o conquest_n of_o the_o dane_n in_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o his_o reign_n restore_v learn_v and_o religion_n â—gain_o by_o degree_n as_o this_o king_n himself_o record_v in_o express_a term_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o bishop_n wulsug_n by_o way_n of_o preface_n to_o his_o own_o translation_n of_o gregory_n pastoral_n into_o the_o english_a saxon_n language_n king_n alfred_n decease_a his_o son_n edward_n surname_v the_o elder_a 901._o 925._o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 901_o thereupon_o prince_n aethelwald_n his_o uncle_n son_n aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n seize_v upon_o oxlie_n and_o winburne_n whereupon_o king_n edward_n march_v with_o his_o army_n against_o he_o to_o bath_n he_o flee_v from_o winburne_n to_o the_o dane_n in_o northumberland_n for_o assistance_n who_o be_v glad_a thereof_o they_o all_o make_v he_o king_n and_o prince_n over_o all_o their_o king_n and_o captain_n whereupon_o they_o invade_v essex_n and_o mercia_n king_n ed._n raise_v a_o great_a army_n chase_v they_o into_o northumberland_n and_o harrow_v the_o whole_a country_n to_o the_o lake_n of_o northumberland_n where_o the_o kentishman_n remain_v contrary_a to_o the_o king_n command_n and_o messenger_n send_v to_o they_o after_o the_o retreat_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n the_o danish_a army_n upon_o this_o advantage_n set_v upon_o they_o they_o gallant_o defend_v themselves_o slay_v their_o new_a king_n aethelwald_n with_o king_n eorit_n and_o sundry_a of_o their_o chief_a commander_n and_o many_o of_o their_o soldier_n though_o they_o lose_v the_o field_n this_o king_n and_o edelfle_v his_o sister_n queen_n of_o mercian_n to_o prevent_v the_o frequent_a eruption_n plunder_v the_o dane_n repair_v many_o old_a ruinate_a town_n and_o build_v many_o new_a one_o in_o convenient_a place_n which_o they_o replenish_v with_o soldier_n to_o protect_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o repel_v the_o enemy_n whereby_o the_o common_a people_n weâ—e_v so_o encourage_v and_o become_v such_o good_a soldier_n that_o if_o they_o hear_v of_o the_o enemy_n approach_n they_o will_v fight_v and_o rout_n they_o rege_fw-la etiam_fw-la &_o ducibus_fw-la inconsultis_fw-la in_o certamen_fw-la ruerent_fw-la 3_o eisque_fw-la semper_fw-la numero_fw-la &_o scientia_fw-la praeliandi_fw-la praeâ—â—arent_fw-la it_o a_o host_n contempâ—ni_fw-la militibus_fw-la regi_fw-la risui_fw-la erant_fw-la as_o malmesbury_n write_v the_o country_n people_n themselves_o sight_v with_o the_o dane_n at_o ligetune_n put_v they_o to_o flight_n recover_v all_o the_o prey_n they_o have_v takend_v and_o likewise_o the_o dane_n horse_n as_o they_o likewise_o do_v in_o some_o other_o part_n among_o other_o place_n this_o king_n repair_v the_o wall_n of_o colchester_n put_v warlike_a man_n in_o it_o &_o certum_fw-la eye_v stipendium_fw-la assignavit_fw-la and_o assign_v they_o a_o certain_a stipend_n as_o matâ—_n westm._n record_v neither_o he_o nor_o other_o our_o historian_n make_v mention_n of_o assign_a wage_n to_o any_o other_o garrison_n or_o soldier_n in_o that_o age_n at_o last_o the_o dane_n in_o most_o place_n throughout_o england_n perceive_v king_n edward_n power_n and_o wisdom_n submit_v themselves_o unto_o he_o elect_v he_o for_o their_o king_n and_o patâ—on_n and_o swear_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o he_o as_o likewise_o do_v the_o king_n of_o scotland_n northumberland_n and_o wales_n 905._o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 905._o this_o 5._o king_n edward_n assemble_v a_o synod_n of_o the_o senator_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n as_o malmesbury_n or_o a_o great_a council_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o faithful_a people_n as_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o sâ—ile_v it_o in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o gewisii_fw-la which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o enemy_n incursion_n have_v be_v destitute_a of_o a_o bishop_n for_o 7_o year_n space_n whereupon_o the_o king_n and_o bishop_n in_o this_o council_n take_v good_a advice_n make_v this_o wholesome_a constitution_n that_o instead_o of_o 2_o bishop_n whereof_o one_o have_v his_o sea_n at_o winchester_n the_o other_o at_o schireburn_n 5_o bishop_n shall_v be_v create_v ne_o grex_n domini_fw-la absque_fw-la cura_fw-la pastorali_fw-la luporum_fw-la incursionibus_fw-la quateretur_fw-la whereupon_o they_o in_o this_o council_n elect_v 5_o bishop_n to_o wit_n frithstan_n for_o winchester_n athelin_n for_o schireburn_n aedulâ—e_v for_o well_n werstan_n for_o crideton_n and_o herstan_n for_o cornwall_n assign_v they_o their_o several_a see_v and_o diocese_n and_o two_o other_o â—ishops_n â—or_a dorchester_n and_o cirencester_n all_o consecrate_a by_o archbishop_n plegmond_n at_o câ—nterbury_n in_o one_o day_n wil._n of_o malmesb._n and_o some_o other_o write_v that_o this_o council_n be_v summon_v upon_o the_o letter_n of_o pope_n formosus_fw-la 6._o who_o excommunicate_v king_n edward_n with_o all_o his_o subject_n for_o suffer_v the_o bishopric_n of_o winton_n and_o scireburn_n to_o be_v void_a for_o 7_o year_n space_n together_o but_o this_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n since_o pope_n formosus_fw-la be_v dead_a ten_o year_n before_o this_o council_n and_o before_o these_o bishopric_n become_v void_a and_o his_o pretend_a epistle_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n make_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o the_o king_n as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n well_o observe_v in_o the_o year_n 906._o 921._o 921._o king_n edward_n make_v a_o peace_n and_o firm_a agreement_n with_o the_o dane_n of_o northumberland_n and_o east-england_n at_o intingford_n when_o as_o some_o think_v he_o and_o
christ._n and_o when_o the_o king_n demand_v of_o coyse_n his_o priest_n who_o ought_v â—irst_n to_o profane_a and_o destroy_v the_o altar_n &_o temple_n of_o the_o idol_n with_o the_o rail_n &_o and_o bound_n wherewith_o they_o be_v enclose_v he_o answer_v i_o who_o have_v worship_v they_o through_o foolishness_n and_o present_o renounce_v his_o superstition_n he_o demand_v arm_n and_o a_o horse_n of_o the_o king_n 156._o which_o by_o their_o old_a law_n priest_n may_v not_o use_v which_o be_v grant_v he_o he_o mount_v the_o horse_n with_o a_o sword_n and_o lance_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o ride_v to_o the_o idol_n thus_o arm_v the_o people_n deem_v he_o to_o be_v mad_a profane_v the_o temple_n and_o command_v his_o companion_n to_o destroy_v and_o burn_v it_o with_o the_o idol_n and_o all_o the_o hedge_n about_o it_o which_o they_o do_v whereupon_o the_o king_n with_o his_o noble_n and_o very_o many_o of_o the_o people_n embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n and_o be_v baptize_v by_o paulinus_n in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n peter_n at_o york_n which_o the_o king_n there_o speedy_o command_v to_o be_v build_v of_o wood_n and_o afterward_o enlarge_v ordain_v paulinus_n bishop_n of_o that_o place_n who_o convert_v baptize_v he_o and_o his_o people_n as_o beda_n and_o other_o more_o large_o record_v the_o history_n from_o which_o memorable_a precedent_n we_o may_v observe_v these_o particular_n 1._o that_o the_o king_n himself_o can_v not_o then_o alter_v the_o establish_a law_n or_o receive_a religion_n of_o this_o realm_n though_o false_a nor_o introduce_v new_a law_n or_o set_v up_o the_o true_a religion_n without_o the_o concurrent_a assent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o wiseman_n in_o a_o general_a parliamentary_a council_n 2._o that_o the_o prince_n chief_a priest_n nobles_z anâ—_n aeâ—dermen_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v the_o parliament_n member_n in_o that_o age._n 3._o that_o every_o one_o of_o they_o in_o these_o council_n have_v freedom_n of_o vote_n and_o debate_n and_o give_v their_o voice_n several_o for_o the_o bring_n in_o of_o christianity_n and_o destruction_n of_o idolatry_n 157._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n give_v this_o character_n of_o this_o king_n government_n after_o he_o become_v a_o christian_a and_o of_o the_o vicissitude_n of_o humane_a affair_n worthy_a our_o present_a observation_n he_o be_v sudden_o slay_v in_o battle_n together_o with_o his_o son_n after_o all_o his_o former_a conquest_n and_o felicity_n nullus_fw-la tunc_fw-la praedo_fw-la publicus_n nullus_fw-la latro_fw-la domesticus_fw-la insidiator_n conjugalis_fw-la pudoris_fw-la procul_fw-la expâ—lator_fw-la alienae_n haereditatis_fw-la exul_fw-la 4._o magnum_fw-la id_fw-la in_o ejus_fw-la â—audibus_fw-la &_o noâ—tra_fw-la aetate_fw-la â—plendidum_fw-la itaque_fw-la imperii_fw-la svi_fw-la ad_fw-la eos_fw-la limit_n incrementa_fw-la perducta_fw-la sunt_fw-la ut_fw-la justitia_fw-la &_o pax_fw-la libenâ—èr_n in_o muâ—uos_fw-la amplexus_fw-la concurrerent_fw-la osculorum_fw-la gratiam_fw-la grata_fw-la vicissitudine_fw-la libantes_fw-la &_o faeliciter_fw-la tunc_fw-la anglorum_fw-la respublica_fw-la procedere_fw-la potuisset_fw-la nisi_fw-la mors_fw-la immatura_fw-la â—emporalis_fw-la beatitudinis_fw-la noverca_fw-la turpi_fw-la fortunae_fw-la ludo_fw-la virum_fw-la abstulislet_n patriae_fw-la aetatis_fw-la enim_fw-la 48._o regni_fw-la 17._o rebellantibus_fw-la regulis_fw-la quos_fw-la â—ub_fw-la jugâ—m_fw-la miserat_fw-la ceadwalla_n britonum_fw-la &_o penda_fw-la merciorum_fw-la cum_fw-la filio_fw-la interemptus_fw-la miâ—erabile_fw-la varietatis_fw-la humanae_fw-la fuit_fw-la exemplum_fw-la nulli_fw-la prudentiâ_fw-la inferior_a qui_fw-la nè_fw-la christianam_fw-la fidem_fw-la nisi_fw-la diligentissimè_fw-la inspectaâ—â_fw-la raâ—ione_fw-la voluit_fw-la suscipere_fw-la susceptaeque_fw-la nihil_fw-la existimare_fw-la comparabile_fw-la 673._o anno_fw-la 673_o 6._o theodor_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n hold_v a_o great_a council_n at_o hertford_n presentibus_fw-la episcopis_fw-la angliae_fw-la ac_fw-la regibus_fw-la &_o magnatibus_fw-la universis_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o england_n and_o king_n to_o wit_n king_n lotharius_n and_o easwine_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n be_v present_a at_o it_o in_o this_o council_n they_o make_v ten_o canon_n or_o law_n which_o they_o all_o subscribe_v and_o raâ—ified_v with_o their_o hand_n the_o seven_o whereof_o be_v that_o a_o synod_n or_o parliamentary_a assembly_n shall_v be_v assemble_v twice_o or_o because_o divers_a cause_n hinder_v placuit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la in_o commune_v they_o all_o agree_v in_o common_a that_o in_o the_o calends_o of_o august_n in_o a_o place_n call_v clouâ—shoâ—n_o a_o synod_n shall_v be_v congregat_v at_o least_o once_o every_o year_n the_o rest_n of_o they_o you_o may_v peruse_v in_o the_o marginal_a author_n at_o leisure_n be_v meeâ—ly_o ecclesiastical_a and_o not_o so_o pertinent_a to_o my_o discourse_n 2207._o ceadwalla_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n 680._o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 680._o grant_v to_o bishop_n wilfrid_n certain_a land_n with_o their_o appurtenance_n call_v pagaliam_fw-la cum_fw-la consensu_fw-la &_o devotâ_fw-la conâ—irmatione_fw-la omnium_fw-la optimatum_fw-la meorum_fw-la with_o the_o consent_n and_o devout_a confirmation_n of_o all_o his_o noble_n assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n the_o grant_n of_o his_o crown_n land_n to_o he_o 10._o be_v not_o valid_a to_o bind_v his_o successor_n without_o his_o noble_n concurrent_a confirmation_n 269._o william_n â—f_n malmesbury_n write_v of_o he_o that_o though_o before_o his_o conversion_n unto_o christianity_n he_o addict_v himself_o to_o war_n and_o to_o plunder_v and_o spoil_v his_o neighbour_a king_n yet_o he_o conscientious_o dedicate_v the_o ten_o of_o all_o his_o spoil_n to_o god_n inter_fw-la haec_fw-la arduum_fw-la memoratu_fw-la est_fw-la quantum_fw-la etiam_fw-la ante_fw-la baptismum_fw-la inservierit_fw-la pietati_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la manubias_fw-la quas_fw-la jure_fw-la praedatorio_n in_o suos_fw-la usus_fw-la transcripserat_fw-la deo_fw-la decimaret_fw-la in_o quo_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la approbamus_fw-la affectum_fw-la improbamus_fw-la exemplum_fw-la juxta_fw-la illud_fw-la qui_n offer_v sacrificium_fw-la de_fw-la substantia_fw-la pauperis_fw-la quasi_fw-la qui_fw-la immolat_a â—ilium_fw-la in_o conspectu_fw-la patris_fw-la if_o all_o the_o plunder_v war_a saint_n of_o this_o age_n will_v imitate_v his_o example_n in_o give_v the_o ten_o of_o all_o their_o spoil_n and_o plunder_n to_o god_n &_o his_o minister_n instead_o of_o spoil_v they_o of_o their_o tithe_n and_o ancient_a church-revenue_n man_n will_v deem_v they_o as_o good_a saint_n as_o this_o plunder_v conquer_a saxon_n king_n of_o who_o it_o be_v likewise_o story_a that_o 227._o before_o he_o turn_v christian_a intend_v to_o invade_v the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o unite_v it_o to_o his_o kingdom_n he_o vow_v to_o give_v the_o 4_o the_o part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o prey_n to_o christ_n if_o he_o shall_v vanquish_v it_o whereupon_o he_o conquer_a the_o isle_n slay_v the_o native_n in_o it_o be_v pagan_n with_o a_o tragical_a slaughter_n and_o in_o performance_n of_o his_o vow_n give_v to_o bishop_n wilfrid_n and_o his_o clerk_n for_o their_o maintenance_n and_o encouragement_n the_o possession_n of_o 300_o â—-hides_a of_o land_n be_v the_o four_o part_n thereof_o when_o our_o new_a conqueror_n shall_v be_v so_o bountiful_a in_o bestow_v the_o four_o or_o but_o the_o â—enth_n part_v of_o all_o the_o pretend_a conquer_a land_n they_o have_v get_v on_o christ_n church_n and_o minister_n instead_o of_o invade_v and_o purchase_v the_o church_n ancient_a land_n glâ—bes_n tithe_n and_o inheritance_n they_o may_v demerit_n the_o name_n and_o praise_n of_o saint_n as_o well_o as_o ceadwalla_n who_o before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n as_o he_o be_v unjust_o banish_v from_o his_o country_n through_o the_o envy_n of_o other_o only_o for_o his_o virtue_n and_o worthiness_n which_o first_o cause_v he_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o invade_v the_o south-saxons_a two_o of_o who_o king_n he_o slay_v successive_o in_o the_o field_n after_o which_o he_o twice_o invade_v and_o afflict_a kent_n with_o grievous_a war_n take_v advantage_n of_o their_o civil_a discord_n wherein_o he_o shed_v abundance_n of_o christian_a blood_n so_o when_o he_o have_v reign_v but_o two_o year_n space_n after_o all_o his_o victory_n out_o of_o mere_a devotion_n he_o voluntary_o leave_v his_o crown_n kingdom_n conquest_n and_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o rome_n where_o he_o be_v baptize_v to_o bewail_v and_o expiate_v the_o guilt_n of_o all_o his_o former_a war_n bloodshed_n plunder_n rapine_n perplex_v his_o conscience_n and_o there_o die_v 616._o the_o first_o charter_n and_o grant_v i_o find_v extant_a of_o any_o land_n give_v to_o the_o church_n after_o those_o of_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o kent_n forecited_a be_v that_o of_o 2207._o king_n eadbaldus_n his_o son_n and_o successor_n anno_fw-la dom._n 616_o who_o be_v by_o god_n mercy_n through_o the_o admonition_n of_o archbishop_n laurence_n convert_v from_o the_o pravity_n of_o his_o life_n for_o the_o salvation_n of_o his_o soul_n 1.10_o and_o hope_v of_o a_o future_a reward_n give_v to_o christ-church_n in_o canterbury_n and_o to_o the_o family_n serve_v god_n in_o that_o church_n his_o land_n call_v
whereof_o be_v this_o that_o the_o church_n shall_v be_v free_a and_o enjoy_v her_o judgement_n rent_n and_o pension_n 700._o and_o 35._o anno_fw-la dom._n 700._o this_o king_n wither_a unâ_fw-la cum_fw-la consensu_fw-la principum_fw-la meorum_fw-la together_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o bishop_n who_o subscribe_v their_o name_n to_o his_o charter_n grant_v to_o the_o church_n of_o god_n in_o kentâ—_n thâ—t_v they_o shall_v be_v perpetual_o free_v ab_fw-la omni_fw-la exactione_n publica_fw-la tributi_fw-la atque_fw-la dispendio_fw-la vel_fw-la laesione_n à _fw-la praesenti_fw-la die_fw-la &_o tempore_fw-la etc._n etc._n from_o all_o public_a exaction_n of_o tribute_n and_o from_o all_o damage_n and_o harm_n render_v to_o he_o &_o his_o posterity_n 1.10_o such_o honour_n and_o obedience_n as_o they_o have_v yield_v to_o the_o king_n hâ—s_n antecessor_n under_o who_o justice_n and_o liberty_n be_v keep_v towards_o they_o 706._o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 678._o 7â—_n wilfrid_n archbishop_n of_o â—orkâ—eing_v â—eing_z in_o a_o council_n unjust_o deprive_v of_o his_o bishopric_n by_o theodor_n archbishop_n of_o canâ—erbury_n who_o envy_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o wealth_n power_n and_o diocese_n which_o he_o will_v and_o do_v against_o wilfrids_n will_n in_o that_o council_n divide_v iâ—toâ—_n â—_z more_o bishopric_n be_v after_o that_o time_n exile_v the_o realm_n through_o the_o malice_n of_o egfrid_n king_n of_o nortâ—umberland_n and_o emburga_n his_o queen_n who_o he_o will_v have_v persuade_v â—o_o become_v a_o nun_n and_o desert_n her_o husband_n as_o some_o author_n write_v and_o other_o deny_v in_o his_o favour_n without_o any_o just_a and_o lawful_a cause_n and_o after_o that_o about_o the_o year_n 692._o be_v again_o deprive_v of_o his_o bishopric_n and_o right_n by_o the_o judgement_n and_o sentence_n of_o another_o council_n hold_v under_o aldrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n and_o bertuald_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n he_o thereupon_o maâ—e_n two_o successive_a appeal_n to_o rome_n against_o their_o two_o unjust_a sentence_n as_o he_o conceive_v they_o the_o first_o to_o pope_n agatho_n and_o a_o council_n of_o 150_o bishop_n hold_v under_o he_o who_o decree_v he_o shall_v be_v restore_v to_o his_o bishopric_n and_o make_v such_o bishop_n under_o he_o by_o advice_n of_o a_o council_n to_o be_v hold_v `by_n he_o as_o he_o shall_v deem_v meet_a with_o which_o decree_n against_o his_o first_o sentence_n he_o return_v from_o rome_n to_o king_n egfrid_n to_o who_o he_o deliver_v it_o seal_v with_o the_o pope_n seal_n the_o king_n upon_o â—ight_n and_o read_v thereof_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o some_o of_o his_o bishop_n tantùm_fw-la à _fw-la reverentiâ_fw-la romanae_fw-la sedis_fw-la abfuit_fw-la be_v so_o far_o from_o obey_v this_o decree_n of_o the_o roman_a see_v that_o he_o spoil_v wilfrid_n of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o possession_n and_o commit_v he_o prisoner_n to_o a_o barbarous_a and_o cruel_a governor_n who_o thrust_v he_o into_o a_o dark_a dungeon_n for_o many_o daysâ—_n and_o after_o that_o commit_v he_o to_o another_o more_o cruel_a gaoler_n than_o he_o call_v tumber_n who_o endeavour_v to_o put_v he_o into_o fetter_n by_o the_o king_n command_n which_o he_o can_v no_o way_n fasten_v upon_o his_o leg_n but_o they_o present_o fall_v off_o again_o through_o a_o miracle_n whereupon_o wickedness_n give_v place_n to_o religion_n he_o be_v loose_v from_o his_o bond_n detain_v in_o free_a custody_n and_o afterward_o release_v but_o not_o restore_v after_o which_o about_o the_o year_n 693._o he_o appeal_v again_o to_o pope_n john_n against_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o second_o council_n which_o refuse_v to_o re-admit_a he_o to_o his_o archbishopric_n unless_o he_o will_v submit_v to_o the_o decree_n of_o archbishop_n theodore_n and_o brithwald_n his_o successor_n which_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v unless_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v consonant_n to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o holy_a canon_n which_o he_o conceive_v they_o not_o to_o be_v because_o they_o will_v order_v he_o to_o condemn_v himself_o without_o any_o crime_n object_v to_o he_o upon_o which_o appeal_n this_o pope_n wiâ—h_v his_o bishop_n pronounce_v wilfrid_n free_a from_o all_o crime_n and_o order_v he_o to_o return_v to_o his_o archbishopric_n write_v letter_n to_o ethelred_n king_n of_o mercian_n and_o alfrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n to_o restore_v he_o thereunto_o alfrid_n receive_v the_o pope_n letter_n by_o wilfrids_n messenger_n altogether_o refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o pope_n command_n in_o this_o case_n 7._o say_v quod_fw-la esset_fw-la contra_fw-la rationem_fw-la homini_fw-la jam_fw-la bis_fw-la à _fw-la toto_fw-la anglorum_fw-la concilio_n damnato_fw-la propter_fw-la quaelibet_fw-la apostolica_fw-la scripta_fw-la communicare_fw-la that_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n to_o communicate_v with_o a_o man_n already_o twice_o condemn_v by_o the_o whole_a council_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n for_o any_o write_n of_o the_o pope_n so_o little_o be_v the_o pope_n authority_n and_o decree_n then_o regard_v in_o england_n contradict_v the_o king_n and_o english_a council_n proceed_n neither_o will_v he_o restore_v he_o all_o his_o life_n after_o his_o death_n edulfe_n usurp_v the_o crown_n by_o tyranny_n wilfrid_n repair_v to_o he_o to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o archbishopric_n upon_o this_o account_n of_o the_o pope_n letter_n whereupon_o he_o be_v so_o enrage_v with_o he_o for_o it_o though_o former_o his_o great_a friend_n that_o he_o present_o command_v he_o to_o depart_v the_o realm_n forthwith_o unless_o he_o will_v be_v spâ—â—led_v of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o cast_v out_o of_o it_o with_o disgrace_n but_o this_o usuper_fw-la be_v deprive_v both_o of_o his_o realm_n crown_n and_o life_n in_o little_a more_o than_o 3_o month_n space_n and_o osred_a son_n of_o king_n alfrid_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o noble_n as_o right_a heir_n thereunto_o at_o last_o wilfrid_n be_v reinvest_v in_o 705._o his_o bishopric_n by_o the_o decree_n of_o a_o council_n hold_v under_o he_o in_o northumberland_n at_o a_o place_n call_v nidden_v an._n 705._o not_o so_o much_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o pope_n command_n as_o king_n alfrid_n attest_v by_o elfleda_n his_o sister_n than_o abbess_n of_o streneshash_n witness_v these_o word_n of_o berfride_n ego_fw-la jussionibus_fw-la papae_fw-la obediendum_fw-la censeo_fw-la praeâ—erâ—im_fw-la cum_fw-la eorum_fw-la roâ—ori_fw-la accedat_fw-la regis_fw-la nostri_fw-la jussioâ—_n â—_z &_o nostrae_fw-la necessit_fw-la atis_fw-la sponsio_fw-la etc._n etc._n pver_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la levatâ—s_fw-la hostess_fw-la abactus_fw-la tyrannus_n extinctus_fw-la est_fw-la igitur_fw-la regiae_n voluntatis_fw-la ut_fw-la episcopus_fw-la wilfridus_n revestiatur_fw-la upon_o which_o he_o be_v accord_o restore_v whereupon_o all_o the_o bishop_n embrace_v he_o and_o reconcile_v themselves_o to_o he_o this_o bishop_n wilfrid_n procure_v to_o the_o church_n of_o hagustald_v which_o he_o found_v and_o be_v bishop_n thereof_o many_o privilege_n and_o that_o â—or_a one_o mile_n circuit_n round_o about_o 10._o none_o shall_v be_v arrest_v go_v or_o come_v buâ—_n enjoy_v inviolable_a peace_n quod_fw-la inâ—titutum_fw-la authoritate_fw-la &_o privilegiis_fw-la romanae_fw-la sediâ—_n apostolicorum_fw-la &_o archiepiscoporum_fw-la &_o episcoporum_fw-la &_o regum_fw-la &_o principum_fw-la tam_fw-la scotiae_fw-la quam_fw-la angliae_fw-la confirmatum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la 29â—_n temerarius_fw-la insringere_fw-la audebit_fw-la &_o magnae_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la damno_fw-la obnoxius_fw-la erit_fw-la &_o perpet_n no_o anathematis_fw-la gladio_fw-la ab_fw-la ecclesia_n seperabitur_fw-la as_o richaâ—d_n prior_n of_o hagustald_v record_n 712._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 708_o 217._o egwin_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n procure_v king_n kenred_n and_o offa_n by_o their_o charter_n to_o grant_v and_o confirm_v many_o land_n and_o privilege_n â—o_o the_o abbey_n of_o evesham_n which_o pope_n constantine_n likewise_o ratify_v by_o his_o subscription_n at_o rome_n as_o well_o as_o â—hese_fw-mi king_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o many_o archbishop_n bishop_n prince_n and_o noble_n of_o divers_a province_n who_o commend_v and_o approve_v their_o charter_n and_o liberality_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o pope_n constantine_n write_v a_o letter_n to_o brithwald_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o summon_v concilium_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la 10._o a_o council_n of_o all_o england_n to_o wit_n of_o the_o king_n bishop_n religious_a person_n of_o holy_a order_n optimatesque_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la proceribus_fw-la suis_fw-la with_o the_o noble_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n who_o be_v all_o assemble_v together_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o archbishop_n shall_v in_o their_o presence_n read_v the_o charter_n of_o these_o king_n and_o the_o pope_n confirmation_n of_o they_o that_o they_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o tâ—e_v favour_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o people_n and_o consecrate_v with_o their_o benediction_n whereupon_o king_n kenred_n and_o offa_n after_o their_o return_n from_o rome_n assemble_v a_o general_n council_n in_o a_o place_n call_v alne_n
to_o wit_v the_o monastery_n call_v west-burgh_n the_o land_n whereof_o with_o the_o book_n the_o bishop_n then_o have_v as_o aethelfrick_n have_v before_o command_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v restore_v to_o the_o church_n of_o worcester_n this_o bishop_n with_o 50_o mass_n priest_n and_o 160_o other_o priest_n deacon_n monk_n and_o abbot_n who_o name_n be_v record_v in_o the_o manuscript_n swear_v that_o this_o land_n and_o monastery_n be_v impropriate_v to_o his_o possession_n and_o church_n which_o oath_n with_o all_o these_o fellow_n swearer_n he_o be_v order_v to_o take_v at_o westminster_n and_o do_v it_o according_o after_o 30_o night_n respite_n whereupon_o it_o be_v ordain_v and_o decree_v by_o the_o archbishop_n &_o all_o the_o council_n consent_v with_o he_o that_o the_o bishop_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o monastery_n land_n and_o book_n to_o he_o and_o his_o church_n and_o so_o that_o suit_n be_v end_v and_o this_o decree_n pronounce_v thereupon_o qua_fw-la propter_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la hunc_fw-la agrum_fw-la ab_fw-la illâ_fw-la ecclesiâ_fw-la in_o ceastre_n nititur_fw-la evellere_fw-la contra_fw-la decreta_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la canonum_fw-la sciat_fw-la se_fw-la facere_fw-la quia_fw-la sancti_fw-la canon_n decernunt_fw-la quicquâ—â—_n sancta_fw-la synodus_fw-la universalis_fw-la cum_fw-la catholico_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la svo_fw-la adjudicaverit_fw-la nullo_n modo_fw-la fractum_fw-la vel_fw-la irritum_fw-la esse_fw-la faciendum_fw-la haec_fw-la auâ—em_fw-la gesta_fw-la sunt_fw-la he_o sunt_fw-la testes_fw-la &_o confirmatores_fw-la huius_fw-la rei_fw-la quorum_fw-la nomina_fw-la hic_fw-la infrâ—_fw-la notantur_fw-la â—_o die_v tertio_fw-la calend_n novembrium_fw-la ego_fw-la beornulf_n rex_fw-la merciorum_fw-la hanc_fw-la chartulam_fw-la synodalis_fw-la decreti_fw-la signo_fw-la sanctae_fw-la christi_fw-la crucis_fw-la confirmavi_fw-la then_o follow_v the_o archbishop_n subscription_n and_o confirmation_n in_o like_a word_n with_o the_o subscription_n of_o sundry_a bishop_n abbot_n dâ—kes_n and_o noble_n be_v 32_o in_o number_n all_o ratify_v this_o decree_n â—33_n an._n 833._o 339._o egbert_n king_n of_o westsaxon_n athelwulfe_n his_o son_n witlasius_fw-la king_n of_o mercian_n both_o the_o archbishop_n abbot_n cum_fw-la proceribus_fw-la majoribus_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la with_o the_o great_a noble_n of_o all_o england_n be_v all_o assemble_v together_o at_o london_n in_o a_o national_a parliamentary_a council_n pro_fw-la consilio_fw-la câ—piendo_fw-la contra_fw-la 10._o danicos_fw-la pirâ—tas_fw-la littora_fw-la angliae_fw-la assidne_fw-mi infestantes_fw-la to_o take_v counsel_n what_o to_o do_v against_o the_o danish_a pirate_n daily_o infest_v the_o seacoast_n of_o england_n in_o this_o council_n the_o charter_n of_o witlasius_fw-la king_n of_o mercian_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n where_o he_o be_v hide_v and_o secure_v from_o his_o enemy_n be_v make_v and_o ratify_v wherein_o he_o grant_v they_o many_o rich_a gift_n of_o plate_n gold_n silver_n land_n and_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o sanctuary_n for_o all_o offender_n fly_v to_o it_o for_o shelter_n which_o grant_n can_v not_o be_v valid_a without_o a_o parliamentary_a confirmation_n for_o he_o be_v elect_a king_n omnium_fw-la consensu_fw-la after_o the_o slaughter_n of_o bernulf_n and_o ludican_n two_o invade_v tyrant_n cut_v off_o in_o a_o short_a time_n qui_fw-la contra_fw-la faâ—_n purpuram_fw-la induerent_fw-la &_o regno_fw-la vehementet_fw-la oppresso_fw-la totam_fw-la militiam_fw-la ejus_fw-la quae_fw-la quondam_a plurima_fw-la extiterat_fw-la &_o victoriosissima_fw-la sua_fw-la imprudentia_fw-la perdiderant_fw-la as_o ingulphus_n write_v be_v enforce_v to_o hold_v his_o kingdom_n from_o egbert_n king_n of_o westsaxon_n under_o a_o tribute_n and_o thereupon_o confer_v divers_a land_n by_o his_o charter_n to_o this_o abbey_n for_o ever_o to_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n king_n of_o mercia_n in_o perpetual_a and_o pure_a frankalmoigne_n quietae_fw-la &_o solutae_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la oneribus_fw-la secularibus_fw-la exactionibus_fw-la &_o vectigalibus_fw-la universis_fw-la quocunque_fw-la nomine_fw-la censeantur_fw-la that_o his_o grant_n may_v be_v sound_a and_o valid_a he_o be_v necessitate_v to_o have_v it_o confirm_v in_o â—â—is_n parliamentary_a council_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o king_n egbert_n and_o his_o son_n and_o of_o all_o the_o bishop_n abbotsâ—_n et_fw-la proceribus_fw-la majoribus_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o the_o great_a noble_n of_o england_n theâ—e_n present_a most_o of_o they_o subscribe_v and_o ratify_v this_o charter_n with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o their_o name_n about_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 838._o 838._o there_o be_v a_o parliamentary_a council_n hold_v at_o â—40_n kingston_n in_o which_o egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a and_o his_o son_n aethelwulfe_n ceolnoth_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o noble_n of_o england_n be_v present_a among_o many_o thing_n there_o act_v and_o speak_v archbishop_n ceolnoth_n show_v before_o the_o whole_a council_n that_o the_o foresay_a king_n egbert_n and_o aeâ—helwulfe_n have_v give_v to_o christchurch_n the_o manor_n call_v malinge_n in_o suâ—â—ex_n free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n and_o regal_a tribute_n 10._o except_v only_o these_o three_o expedition_z build_v of_o bridge_n and_o castle_n which_o foresay_a manor_n and_o land_n king_n baldred_n gâ—ve_v to_o christchurch_n sed_fw-la quia_fw-la ille_fw-la rex_fw-la cunctis_fw-la principibus_fw-la non_fw-la placuit_fw-la noluerunt_fw-la donum_fw-la ejus_fw-la permanere_fw-la ratum_fw-la but_o because_o this_o king_n please_v not_o all_o his_o noble_n they_o will_v not_o that_o this_o his_o gift_n shall_v continue_v firm_a to_o which_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n add_v this_o marginal_a note_n rex_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la distrahere_fw-la patrimonium_fw-la regni_fw-la sine_fw-la assensu_fw-la procerum_fw-la wherefore_o the_o foresay_a king_n in_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n with_o â—heir_a noble_n assent_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o say_a archbishop_n regranted_a and_o confirm_v it_o to_o christchurch_n with_o this_o anathema_n annex_v against_o the_o infringer_n of_o this_o grant_n if_o any_o shall_v presume_v to_o violate_v it_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o god_n and_o of_o we_o king_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o all_o christian_n let_v he_o be_v separate_v from_o god_n and_o let_v his_o portion_n be_v with_o the_o devil_n and_o his_o angols_n â—47_z 343._o polydor_z virgil_n record_n that_o king_n athelwulfe_n in_o the_o year_n 847._o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o rome_n repair_v the_o english_a school_n there_o late_o burn_v down_o and_o in_o imitation_n of_o king_n ina_n make_v that_o part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n which_o egbert_n his_o father_n have_v add_v tributary_n towards_o it_o legeque_fw-la sancivit_fw-la 1._o and_o enact_v by_o a_o law_n make_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n that_o those_o who_o receive_v 30_o penny_n rend_v every_o year_n out_o of_o their_o possession_n or_o have_v more_o house_n shall_v pay_v for_o those_o house_n they_o inhabit_v every_o of_o they_o a_o pennâ—_n a_o piece_n to_o the_o popâ—_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o this_o school_n at_o the_o feast_n of_o peter_n and_o paul_n or_o at_o least_o of_o st._n peter_n bond_n which_o law_n some_o write_v he_o though_o false_o ascribr_v to_o his_o son_n alfred_n which_o act_v other_o refer_v to_o the_o year_n 855_o or_o 857_o and_o that_o more_o true_o 850._o 85â—_n abbot_n ingulphus_n in_o his_o hist._n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n record_n that_o bertulf_n usurp_v the_o crown_n by_o the_o treacherous_a murder_n of_o his_o cousin_n st._n westan_n tantâ_fw-la ferebatur_fw-la ad_fw-la regnandum_fw-la ambitione_n pass_v by_o the_o abbey_n of_o â—royland_n most_o wicked_o and_o violent_o take_v away_o all_o the_o jewel_n plate_n and_o ornament_n of_o the_o church_n 9.10_o which_o his_o bâ—other_n withlasius_n and_o other_o king_n have_v give_v to_o it_o together_o with_o all_o â—he_v money_n he_o can_v find_v in_o the_o monastery_n and_o hire_v soldier_n therewith_o against_o the_o dane_n then_o waste_v the_o country_n about_o london_n he_o be_v vanquish_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n by_o the_o pagan_n whereupon_o this_o king_n soon_o after_o hold_v a_o great_a council_n at_o benningdon_n an._n 850._o with_o the_o prelate_n and_o noble_n of_o his_o whole_a realm_n of_o mercia_n there_o assemble_v about_o the_o dane_n invasion_n how_o to_o raiâ—e_v force_n and_o money_n to_o resist_v they_o as_o be_v most_o probable_a by_o our_o historian_n abbot_z siward_z and_o the_o monk_n of_o croyland_n therein_o complain_v before_o they_o all_o by_o askillus_n their_o fellow_n monk_n of_o certain_a injury_n malicious_o doâ—e_n unto_o they_o by_o their_o adversary_n who_o lie_v in_o waâ—t_n in_o the_o uttermost_a bank_n of_o their_o river_n do_v seize_v upon_o their_o servant_n be_v such_o as_o flee_v thither_o for_o sanctuary_n in_o case_n at_o any_o time_n they_o go_v out_o of_o their_o precinct_n never_o so_o little_a way_n either_o to_o fish_v or_o bring_v back_o their_o straggle_a sheep_n ox_n or_o other_o cattle_n as_o infringer_n of_o their_o sanctuary_n and_o subject_v they_o to_o the_o public_a law_n to_o their_o condemnation_n and_o destruction_n to_o
torture_v they_o to_o discover_v where_o their_o treasure_n be_v break_v up_o all_o the_o tomb_n pillage_v and_o burn_v the_o abbey_n with_o all_o the_o edifice_n thereof_o leave_v it_o a_o mere_a ruinous_a heap_n then_o march_v on_o lay_v all_o the_o country_n waste_v before_o they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n spare_v neither_o person_n age_n nor_o sex_n they_o cast_v down_o burn_v destroy_v and_o level_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o goodly_a monastery_n of_o bradney_n peterborough_n huntingdon_n ely_n with_o sundry_a other_o murder_v as_o well_o all_o the_o monk_n as_o nun_n therein_o which_o their_o merciless_a sword_n after_o they_o have_v first_o pollute_v they_o to_o avoid_v who_o barbarous_a rape_n 383._o ebba_n abbess_n of_o coldingham_n and_o her_o nun_n by_o her_o example_n and_o persuasion_n cut_v off_o their_o upper_a lip_n and_o nose_n to_o deform_v themselves_o to_o their_o lascivious_a eye_n which_o bloody_a spectacle_n preserve_v their_o chastity_n from_o their_o lust_n but_o not_o their_o monastery_n or_o body_n from_o their_o cruelty_n they_o burn_v they_o and_o their_o nunnery_n to_o ash_n 870._o 2.4_o after_o which_o the_o same_o year_n inguar_n and_o hubba_n march_v against_o st._n edmund_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 855._o be_v choose_v king_n of_o the_o east-saxons_a ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la regionis_fw-la illius_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la et_fw-la populis_fw-la by_o all_o the_o nobless_a and_o people_n of_o that_o realm_n be_v spring_v from_o the_o ancient_a royal_a blood_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o compel_v to_o take_v the_o government_n on_o he_o much_o against_o his_o will_n be_v then_o but_o 13_o year_n old_a and_o consecrate_a king_n by_o bishop_n humbert_n in_o the_o royal_a town_n call_v bury_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o malice_n to_o this_o king_n as_o some_o of_o our_o historian_n write_v be_v this_o that_o he_o be_v malicious_o accuse_v to_o have_v murder_v their_o father_n lothbroc_n drive_v by_o a_o sudden_a storm_n in_o a_o small_a boat_n into_o england_n as_o he_o be_v hawk_v at_o fowl_n by_o this_o king_n faulkoner_n who_o have_v murder_v himself_o out_o of_o mere_a malice_n be_v by_o judgement_n of_o the_o knight_n and_o lawyer_n banish_v the_o realm_n and_o put_v alone_o into_o lothbrocs_n boat_n without_o oâ—re_n or_o sail_n for_o murder_v he_o and_o so_o send_v to_o sea_n be_v drive_v in_o it_o into_o denmark_n to_o excuse_v himself_o he_o malicious_o accuse_v the_o king_n of_o this_o murder_n to_o these_o his_o son_n who_o thereupon_o invade_v england_n with_o a_o army_n to_o revenge_v their_o father_n death_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o at_o this_o time_n so_o extraordinary_o prevail_v aâ—d_v overrun_v the_o land_n be_v the_o civil_a discord_n war_n and_o emulation_n among_o the_o saxon_a king_n who_o either_o out_o of_o malice_n or_o ambition_n to_o advance_v their_o own_o dominion_n or_o base_a unworthy_a fear_n will_v rather_o induce_v these_o common_a enemy_n to_o overrun_v they_o than_o assist_v one_o another_o against_o they_o which_o 42._o william_n of_o malmesburie_n thus_o express_v meminerit_fw-la interea_fw-la lector_n quod_fw-la interim_n reges_fw-la merciorum_fw-la et_fw-la northanimbrorum_fw-la captata_fw-la occasione_n â—dventus_fw-la danorum_fw-la quorum_fw-la bellis_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la iâ—sudabat_fw-la a_o servitio_fw-la west-saxonum_n respirantes_fw-la dominaâ—ionem_fw-la svam_fw-la penè_fw-la asseruerant_fw-la ardebant_fw-la ergo_fw-la cunctae_fw-la saevis_fw-la popularibus_fw-la provinciae_fw-la unusquisque_fw-la regum_fw-la inimicos_fw-la magis_fw-la in_o suis_fw-la sedibus_fw-la sustinere_fw-la quam_fw-la compatrioâ—is_fw-la laborantibus_fw-la opem_fw-la porrigere_fw-la curabat_fw-la ita_fw-la dum_fw-la maluit_fw-la vindicare_fw-la quam_fw-la praevenire_fw-la injuriam_fw-la socordiâ_fw-la suâ_fw-la exanguem_fw-la reddiderunt_fw-la patriam_fw-la dani_n sine_fw-la obstaculo_fw-la succressere_fw-la dum_fw-la et_fw-la provincialibus_fw-la timor_fw-la incresceret_fw-la et_fw-la proxima_fw-la quaeq_fw-la victoria_fw-la per_fw-la additamentum_fw-la captiâ—orum_fw-la instrumentum_fw-la sequentis_fw-la fieret_fw-la etc._n etc._n northanimbri_n jamdudâ—m_fw-la civilibus_fw-la dissentionibus_fw-la â—luctuantes_n adventante_fw-la host_n correxerunt_fw-la discordiam_fw-la itaque_fw-la osbirthum_fw-la regem_fw-la quem_fw-la expulerant_fw-la in_fw-la solium_fw-la reformaâ—tes_fw-la magnosque_fw-la moliti_fw-la paratus_fw-la obviam_fw-la procâ—dunt_fw-la sed_fw-la facilè_fw-la pulsi_fw-la infra_fw-la urbem_fw-la eboracum_n se_fw-la includunt_fw-la quâ_fw-la mox_fw-la à _fw-la victoribus_fw-la succensâ_fw-la cum_fw-la laxos_fw-la crines_fw-la effusior_fw-la flamma_fw-la produceret_fw-la tota_fw-la depascens_fw-la maenia_fw-la ipsi_fw-la quoque_fw-la conflagrati_fw-la patriam_fw-la ossibus_fw-la texêre_fw-la suis_fw-la mercii_n non_fw-la semel_fw-la obtriti_fw-la obsidatu_fw-la miserias_fw-la svas_fw-la levaverunt_fw-la at_o vero_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la multis_fw-la laboribus_fw-la infractus_fw-la obiit_fw-la orientalium_fw-la anglorum_fw-la pagi_fw-la cum_fw-la urbibus_fw-la et_fw-la vicis_fw-la à _fw-la praedonibus_fw-la possessi_fw-la rex_fw-la eorum_fw-la sanctus_fw-la edmundus_n ab_fw-la eisdem_fw-la interemptust_fw-la anno_fw-la dominicae_fw-la incarnationis_fw-la 870._o 12_o calendas_fw-la decembris_fw-la temporaneae_fw-la mortis_fw-la compendio_fw-la regnum_fw-la emit_fw-la aeternum_fw-la the_o manner_n of_o king_n edmund_n martyrdom_n 3._o historian_n thus_o relate_v an._n 870._o hinguar_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n invade_v king_n edmund_n realm_n with_o a_o great_a power_n send_v a_o messenger_n to_o king_n edmund_n to_o demand_v the_o half_a of_o his_o treasure_n and_o wealth_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v hold_v his_o realm_n under_o he_o threaten_v otherwise_o to_o waste_v his_o kingdom_n and_o extirpate_v he_o and_o his_o people_n sed_fw-la nimis_fw-la fraudulentèr_fw-la hinguar_n thesauros_fw-la exigebat_fw-la qui_fw-la clementissimi_fw-la regis_fw-la caput_fw-la potius_fw-la quam_fw-la pecuntas_fw-la sitiebat_fw-la write_v 370._o matthew_n westminster_n where_o upon_o bishop_n humbeâ—t_n advise_v he_o to_o fly_v â—rom_o the_o dane_n who_o approach_v with_o their_o force_n towards_o he_o to_o save_v his_o life_n the_o king_n wisheâ—_n will_v to_o god_n that_o i_o may_v preserve_v the_o life_n of_o my_o subject_n for_o who_o i_o desire_v to_o lay_v down_o my_o life_n for_o this_o be_v my_o chief_a wish_n that_o i_o may_v not_o survive_v my_o faithful_a subject_n and_o most_o dear_a friend_n which_o this_o cruâ—l_a pirate_n have_v thievish_o slay_v neither_o will_v i_o stain_v my_o glory_n by_o slâ—ght_n who_o never_o yet_o sustain_v the_o reproach_n of_o waâ—re_n the_o heavenly_a king_n also_o be_v my_o witness_n that_o no_o fear_n of_o the_o barbarian_n shall_v separate_v i_o from_o the_o love_n of_o christ_n whether_o live_v or_o dead_a then_o turn_v to_o the_o messenger_n of_o hinguar_n he_o say_v thou_o be_v worthy_a to_o suffer_v the_o punishment_n of_o death_n be_v wâ—t_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o my_o people_n but_o imitate_v the_o example_n of_o my_o christ_n if_o it_o shall_v so_o happen_v i_o be_o not_o afraid_a willing_o to_o die_v for_o they_o return_v therefore_o speedy_o to_o thy_o master_n and_o carry_v my_o answer_n to_o he_o although_o thou_o take_v away_o my_o treasure_n and_o riches_n whiâ—h_v the_o divine_a clemency_n have_v give_v i_o by_o thy_o power_n yet_o thou_o shall_v never_o subject_v i_o to_o thy_o infidelity_n for_o it_o be_v a_o honest_a thing_n to_o defend_v perpetual_a liberty_n together_o with_o purity_n of_o religion_n for_o which_o also_o if_o there_o be_v need_n we_o think_v it_o not_o unprofitable_a to_o die_v therefore_o as_o thy_o proud_a cruâ—lâ—y_n have_v begin_v after_o the_o servant_n slaughter_n cut_v thou_o the_o king_n throatâ—_n because_o the_o king_n of_o king_n see_v these_o thing_n 8._o will_v translate_v i_o into_o heaven_n there_o to_o reign_v eternal_o the_o messenger_n depart_v the_o king_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o run_v to_o their_o arm_n aâ—firmingâ—_n that_o it_o be_v a_o worthy_a thing_n to_o fight_v both_o for_o their_o faith_n and_o country_n nota._n leâ—t_v they_o shall_v prove_v deserver_n of_o their_o realm_n and_o betrayer_n of_o the_o people_n and_o be_v encourage_v by_o bishop_n humbert_n his_o noble_n and_o fellow_n soldier_n he_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n and_o near_o thedford_n fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n with_o the_o dane_n from_o morning_n to_o night_n the_o place_n be_v all_o die_v red_a with_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o slay_v aâ—_n which_o grievoâ—â—â—ight_a king_n edmund_n be_v much_o grieve_v not_o only_o for_o the_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o own_o soldier_n â—ightâ—ing_v for_o their_o country_n &_o native_a liberty_n &_o the_o faith_n of_o jesus_n christ_n &_o so_o already_o â—rouned_v with_o martyrdom_n but_o likewise_o for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o barbarous_a infidel_n send_v down_o to_o hell_n in_o great_a number_n which_o he_o overmuch_o lament_v after_o which_o battle_n retire_v to_o hegelsdun_n with_o his_o force_n that_o be_v leave_v he_o immutable_o resolve_v in_o his_o mind_n never_o to_o fight_v battle_n with_o the_o enemy_n more_o say_v only_o this_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o he_o alone_o shall_v die_v for_o the_o people_n and_o not_o the_o whole_a nation_n perish_v soon_o after_o hinguars_n army_n be_v recrute_v by_o the_o access_n of_o hubba_n to_o
moribus_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la spectat_fw-la examen_fw-la si_fw-la vivunt_fw-la continenter_fw-la si_fw-la honest_a se_fw-la habent_fw-la ad_fw-la eos_fw-la qui_fw-la foris_fw-la sunt_fw-la sâ—_n in_o divinis_fw-la officiis_fw-la solliciti_fw-la si_fw-la in_o docendo_fw-la populo_fw-la assidui_fw-la si_fw-la victu_fw-la sobrii_fw-la si_fw-la moderati_fw-la habitu_fw-la si_fw-la in_o judiciis_fw-la sunt_fw-la discreti_fw-la etc._n etc._n ego_fw-la constantini_n vos_fw-fr petri_n gladium_fw-la habetis_fw-la in_o manibus_fw-la jungamus_fw-la dextras_fw-la gladium_fw-la gladio_fw-la copuâ—emus_fw-la ut_fw-la ejiciantur_fw-la â—extra_fw-la castra_fw-la leprosi_fw-la ut_fw-la purgetur_fw-la sanctuarium_fw-la domini_fw-la et_fw-la ministrent_fw-la in_o templo_fw-la silij_fw-la levi_n etc._n etc._n after_o which_o direct_v his_o speech_n to_o dunstan_n aethelwald_n and_o oswald_n he_o conclude_v thuss_v voâ—iâ—istud_fw-la committo_fw-la negotium_fw-la ut_fw-la episcopali_fw-la censura_fw-la et_fw-la authoritate_fw-la regius_fw-la â—urpiter_n viventes_fw-la de_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la ejiciantur_fw-la &_o ordinatè_fw-la viventes_fw-la introducantur_fw-la herupon_o there_o be_v a_o decree_n make_v in_o this_o general_n council_n that_o all_o canon_n priest_n deacon_n and_o subdeacon_n shall_v live_v chaste_o that_o be_v 4._o put_v away_o their_o lawful_a wife_n vow_v chastity_n and_o become_v monk_n or_o relinquish_v the_o church_n they_o then_o hold_v the_o execution_n whereof_o be_v commit_v to_o oswald_n and_o ethelwald_n who_o thereupon_o compel_v the_o clergy_n in_o worcester_n winchester_n and_o other_o churcheâ—_n to_o become_v monk_n renuentes_fw-la verò_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la beneficio_fw-la spoliarunt_fw-la deprive_v those_o who_o refuse_v of_o all_o their_o benefice_n and_o put_v monk_n into_o they_o qui_fw-la novo_fw-la quidem_fw-la splendore_fw-la universam_fw-la insulam_fw-la illustrarunt_fw-la as_o our_o monkish_a writer_n record_v or_o rather_o novo_fw-la foetore_fw-la contaminarunt_fw-la as_o other_o write_v 868._o john_n bromton_n inform_v we_o that_o after_o the_o slaughter_n of_o the_o nun_n of_o ely_n by_o inguar_n and_o hubba_n the_o secular_a priest_n enjoy_v that_o monastery_n one_o hundred_o year_n space_n 4._o who_o king_n edgar_n de_fw-fr concilio_n beati_fw-la dunstani_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la &_o dicti_fw-la eâ—heâ—waldi_n ac_fw-la mâ—gnatum_fw-la regni_fw-la in_o the_o forementioned_a general_n council_n expulit_fw-la &_o fugavit_fw-la for_o their_o dishonest_a conversation_n bishop_n oswald_z have_v eject_v the_o marry_a secular_a priest_n out_o of_o his_o church_n at_o worcester_n and_o introduce_v monk_n in_o their_o place_n do_v this_o year_n 969._o as_o i_o conjecture_v from_o the_o premise_n not_o 964._o as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n compute_v it_o 158._o procure_v king_n edgaâ—_n by_o the_o counsel_n and_o assent_v of_o his_o prince_n noble_n and_o bishop_n most_o probable_o in_o the_o forementioned_a general_n council_n or_o that_o of_o london_n next_o ensue_v to_o ratify_v this_o their_o ejection_n and_o confirm_v the_o church_n of_o worcester_n with_o all_o the_o land_n 6_o good_n ecclesiastical_a &_o secular_a thing_n thereto_o belong_v to_o the_o monk_n of_o that_o church_n for_o ever_o free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n and_o exaction_n hard_a or_o easy_a and_o from_o all_o siscal_v duty_n great_a and_o small_a know_v or_o unknown_a as_o well_o of_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n as_o of_o their_o officersâ—_n â—_z exceptis_fw-la arcis_fw-la &_o pontis_fw-la extructione_fw-la et_fw-la expeditione_n câ—ntra_fw-la hoestem_fw-la and_o that_o by_o the_o special_a charter_n call_v oswald_n law_n subscribe_v by_o the_o king_n queen_n both_o the_o archbishop_n and_o 3_o duke_n anglic._n king_n edgar_z 970._o anno_fw-la 970._o or_o 971._o in_o the_o 12_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n hold_v another_o parliamentary_a council_n at_o london_n where_o himself_o his_o mother_n alfgina_fw-la prince_n edward_n his_o son_n kined_a king_n of_o scot_n mascusius_n his_o admiral_n both_o the_o ahchbishop_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v present_a by_o his_o charter_n make_v in_o and_o raâ—ified_v by_o this_o council_n this_o king_n grant_v and_o confirm_v many_o and_o very_o magnificent_a privilege_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o glastonbury_n communi_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la principumque_fw-la concilio_fw-la et_fw-la generali_fw-la assensu_fw-la pontificum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la optimatumque_fw-la suorum_fw-la exempt_n the_o monastery_n and_o monk_n thereof_o not_o only_o from_o all_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n but_o likewise_o all_o their_o land_n from_o all_o tribute_n and_o exchequer_n business_n for_o ever_o grant_v they_o socam_fw-la &_o sacam_fw-la etc._n etc._n toll_n &_o teâ—meâ—_n ita_fw-la libere_fw-la et_fw-la quiet_a sicut_fw-la ego_fw-la habeo_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la meo_fw-la eanâ—â—m_fw-la quoque_fw-la libertatem_fw-la &_o poâ—estatem_fw-la quam_fw-la ego_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la mea_fw-la habeo_fw-la tam_fw-la in_o demittendo_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o punienâ—o_fw-la &_o in_o quibuslibet_fw-la omnino_fw-la negotiis_fw-la abbas_n &_o monachi_fw-la praefati_fw-la monasterii_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la sua_fw-la habeant_fw-la and_o which_o be_v a_o privilege_n beyond_o all_o precedent_n si_fw-mi autem_fw-la abbas_n vel_fw-la quilibet_fw-la monachus_n loci_fw-la illius_fw-la latronem_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la suspendium_fw-la vel_fw-la quodlibet_fw-la mortis_fw-la periculum_fw-la ducitâ—â—_n in_fw-la itinere_fw-la obvium_fw-la habuerit_fw-la potestatem_fw-la habeat_fw-la eripiendi_fw-la eum_fw-la ab_fw-la imminenâ—i_fw-la periculo_fw-la in_o toto_fw-la regno_fw-la meo_fw-la the_o old_a charter_n begin_v thus_o in_o nomine_fw-la domini_fw-la nostri_fw-la jesus_n christi_fw-la quamvis_fw-la decreta_fw-la pontificum_fw-la &_o verba_fw-la sacerdotum_fw-la inconvulsis_fw-la ligaminibus_fw-la velut_fw-la fundamenta_fw-la montium_fw-la sixa_fw-la sunt_fw-la tamen_fw-la plerumque_fw-la tempestatibus_fw-la &_o turbinibus_fw-la saecularium_fw-la rerum_fw-la religio_fw-la sanctae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la maculis_fw-la reproborum_fw-la dissipatur_fw-la ac_fw-la â—umpitur_fw-la iccirco_fw-mi prosutu_fw-la un_fw-fr succedenâ—â—bus_fw-la posteris_fw-la esse_fw-la decrevimus_fw-la ut_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la salubri_fw-la consilio_fw-la et_fw-la communi_fw-la assensu_fw-la definiuntur_fw-la nostris_fw-la literis_fw-la roborata_fw-la â—irmentur_fw-la etc._n etc._n hoc_fw-la iâ—aque_fw-la dunstano_fw-la doroberniensi_fw-la atque_fw-la oswaldo_n eboracensi_fw-la episcopo_fw-la adhortantibus_fw-la 10._o consentiente_fw-la eâ—iam_fw-la eâ—_n annuente_fw-la brithelmo_n fontanensi_fw-la eâ—iscopo_n câ—terisque_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la et_fw-la primatibus_fw-la ego_fw-la edgaâ—_n divina_fw-la diâ—poâ—â—â—ione_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o it_o conclude_v thus_o acta_fw-la est_fw-la haec_fw-la privilegii_fw-la â—aâ—ina_fw-la &_o confirmaâ—a_fw-la apud_fw-la londonium_n communi_fw-la concilio_n omnium_fw-la primatum_fw-la meorum_fw-la then_o follow_v â—he_n subscription_n of_o king_n egar_n aâ—fgina_n his_o mother_n prince_z edward_z kindred_n king_n of_o scot_n mascusius_n the_o chief_a admiral_n both_o the_o archbishop_n 6_o bishop_n 8_o abbot_n 3_o duke_n and_o other_o officer_n which_o charter_n and_o privilege_n at_o the_o king_n request_n be_v ratify_v by_o pope_n john_n the_o 13_o in_o a_o general_a council_n at_o rome_n anno_fw-la dom._n 971._o by_o a_o special_a bull_n that_o they_o may_v remain_v inviolable_a yet_o both_o the_o abbey_n itself_o land_n privilege_n be_v long_o since_o demolish_v dissipate_v annihilate_v such_o be_v the_o muâ—abiliunity_n of_o all_o sublunary_a thing_n the_o self_n same_o year_n anno_fw-la 970._o 883._o king_n edgar_z by_o his_o charter_n grant_v and_o confirm_v sundry_a land_n and_o privilege_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o medeshamsted_n former_o demolish_v by_o the_o dane_n which_o bishop_n aethelwold_n have_v repair_v and_o name_v burgh_n perpetual_o exempt_n it_o from_o all_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n yoke_n and_o exaction_n quatenus_fw-la nec_fw-la rex_fw-la nec_fw-la comes_fw-la nec_fw-la episcopus_fw-la praeter_fw-la christianitatem_fw-la attinentium_fw-la parochiarum_fw-la nec_fw-la vicecome_fw-la nec_fw-la ulla_fw-la alia_fw-la major_a minorve_fw-la persona_fw-la ulla_fw-la dominatione_fw-la occupare_fw-la praesumat_fw-la excepta_fw-la moderata_fw-la expeditione_n &_o pontis_fw-la arcisve_fw-la constructione_n which_o charter_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o king_n own_o subscription_n both_o the_o archbishop_n sundry_a bishop_n abbot_n duke_n and_o other_o chief_a officer_n and_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n after_o each_o of_o their_o name_n 973._o in_o the_o year_n 973._o 12_o king_n edgar_z after_o his_o seven_o year_n penance_n expire_v on_o the_o feast_n of_o penâ—ecost_n in_o the_o 30â—h_a year_n of_o his_o age_n be_v solemn_o crown_v and_o consecrate_a king_n â—_o and_o wear_v his_o crown_n with_o great_a glory_n at_o akemancester_n alias_o bath_n both_o the_o archbishop_n dunstan_n and_o oswald_n with_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n ac_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la universis_fw-la and_o all_o the_o noble_n be_v there_o preâ—ent_a at_o his_o coronation_n and_o receive_v the_o accustom_a gift_n usual_o give_v to_o the_o noble_n be_v at_o such_o inauguration_n soon_o after_o the_o same_o year_n this_o king_n with_o a_o very_a great_a fleet_n and_o army_n sail_v round_o about_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o england_n come_v to_o westchester_n where_o his_o eight_o tributary_n king_n or_o viceroy_n namely_o kyne_v king_n of_o scot_n malcome_n king_n of_o cumberland_n marcus_n king_n of_o man_n and_o many_o other_o land_n and_o the_o other_o 5_o
duke_n leofsi_n be_v send_v to_o the_o dane_n â—ho_n come_v to_o they_o importune_v they_o that_o they_o will_v accept_v of_o a_o stipend_n and_o tribute_n they_o glad_o embrace_v his_o embassy_n condescend_v to_o his_o request_n and_o determine_v how_o much_o tribute_n shall_v be_v pay_v they_o for_o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n whereupon_o â—oon_o after_o a_o tribute_n of_o 24000_o pound_n be_v pay_v they_o pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi pacis_fw-la for_o the_o good_a of_o peace_n in_o this_o assembly_n and_o council_n as_o i_o conjecture_v 510._o king_n ethelred_n inform_v his_o counsellor_n who_o instruct_v he_o both_o in_o divine_a and_o humane_a thing_n with_o the_o sloathfulness_n negligence_n and_o vicious_a life_n of_o the_o secular_a priest_n throughout_o england_n and_o by_o their_o advice_n think_v meet_v to_o thrust_v they_o out_o and_o put_v monk_n in_o their_o place_n to_o pour_v forth_o prayer_n and_o praise_n to_o god_n for_o he_o and_o his_o people_n in_o a_o due_a manner_n whereupon_o he_o confirm_v by_o his_o charter_n the_o ejection_n of_o the_o secular_a priest_n out_o of_o christs-church_n in_o canterbury_n 10._o and_o the_o introduction_n of_o monk_n in_o their_o place_n and_o ratify_v all_o the_o land_n and_o privilege_n former_o grant_v they_o exempt_n the_o monastery_n and_o land_n thereof_o from_o all_o secular_a service_n except_o expeditione_n pontium_fw-la operatione_n et_fw-la arcium_fw-la reparatione_fw-la beseech_v and_o conjure_v all_o his_o lawful_a successor_n king_n bishop_n earls_z and_o people_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v ecclesiae_fw-la christi_fw-la praedones_fw-la sed_fw-la sitis_fw-la patrimonii_fw-la christi_fw-la defensores_fw-la seduli_fw-la ut_fw-la vita_fw-la et_fw-la gaudio_fw-la aeternis_fw-la cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la dei_fw-la sanctis_fw-la in_o aeternum_fw-la fruâ—mini_fw-la which_o charter_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o king_n 2._o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o of_o several_a aelderman_n noble_n and_o officer_n and_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross._n this_o year_n other_o duke_n leofsi_n slay_v esric_n a_o nobleman_n the_o king_n chief_a provost_n be_v judicial_o banish_v the_o realm_n by_o the_o king_n for_o this_o offence_n after_o this_o peace_n make_v with_o the_o dane_n anno_fw-la 1002._o emma_n arrive_v in_o england_n 1002._o receive_v both_o the_o diadem_n and_o name_n of_o a_o queen_n daniel_n whereupon_o king_n ethelred_n puff_v up_o with_o pride_n see_v he_o can_v not_o drive_v out_o the_o dane_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n contrive_v how_o to_o murder_v and_o destroy_v they_o all_o in_o one_o day_n by_o treachery_n at_o unaware_o either_o by_o the_o sword_n or_o by_o fire_n because_o they_o endeavour_v to_o deprive_v he_o and_o his_o noble_n both_o of_o their_o life_n and_o the_o realm_n and_o to_o subject_v all_o england_n to_o their_o own_o dominion_n the_o occasion_n time_n and_o manner_n of_o who_o sudden_a universal_a massacre_n be_v thus_o relate_v by_o mat._n westminster_n an._n 1012._o though_o act_v an._n 1002._o as_o all_o accord_n and_o by_o mr._n fox_n and_o other_o huna_n general_n of_o king_n ethelreds_n militia_n a_o valiant_a warlike_a man_n who_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o manage_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n under_o the_o king_n observe_v the_o insolency_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o now_o after_o the_o peace_n make_v with_o they_o do_v so_o proud_o lord_n it_o through_o all_o england_n that_o they_o presume_v to_o ravish_v the_o wife_n and_o daughter_n of_o nobleman_n and_o every_o where_o to_o expose_v they_o to_o scorn_v by_o strength_n cause_v the_o english_a husbandman_n to_o soil_n and_o sow_v their_o land_n and_o do_v all_o vile_a labour_n belong_v to_o the_o house_n while_o they_o will_v sit_v idle_o at_o home_n hold_v their_o wife_n daughter_n and_o servant_n at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o when_o the_o husbandman_n come_v home_o they_o shall_v scarce_o have_v of_o their_o own_o as_o his_o servant_n have_v so_o that_o the_o dane_n have_v all_o at_o his_o will_n and_o fill_v fare_v of_o the_o best_a when_o the_o owner_n scarce_o have_v his_o fill_n of_o the_o worst_a thus_o the_o common_a people_n be_v of_o they_o oppress_v be_v in_o such_o fear_n and_o dread_n that_o not_o only_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o suffer_v they_o in_o their_o do_n but_o also_o glad_a to_o please_v they_o and_o call_v every_o one_o of_o they_o in_o the_o house_n where_o they_o have_v rule_v lord_n dane_n etc._n etc._n hereupon_o huna_n go_v to_o the_o king_n much_o perplex_v and_o make_v a_o lamentable_a complaint_n to_o he_o concern_v these_o thing_n upon_o which_o the_o king_n be_v not_o a_o little_a move_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o same_o huna_n send_v letter_n or_o commission_n unto_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o realm_n command_v all_o and_o every_o of_o the_o nation_n that_o on_o one_o day_n after_o to_o wit_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n brice_n the_o bishop_n all_o the_o dane_n throughout_o england_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o a_o secret_a massacre_n that_o so_o the_o whole_a nation_n of_o the_o english_a may_v all_o joint_o and_o at_o one_o timâ—_n be_v free_v from_o the_o danish_a oppression_n and_o so_o the_o dane_n who_o by_o a_o firm_a covenant_n swear_v unto_o by_o both_o side_n a_o little_a before_o aught_o to_o have_v dwell_v peaceable_o with_o the_o english_a 2._o be_v too_o opprobrious_o slay_v and_o the_o woman_n with_o their_o child_n be_v dash_v against_o the_o post_n of_o the_o house_n miserable_o pour_v out_o their_o soul_n when_o â—herefore_o the_o sentence_n of_o this_o decree_n be_v execute_v at_o the_o city_n of_o london_n without_o mercy_n many_o of_o the_o dane_n flee_v to_o a_o certain_a church_n in_o the_o city_n where_o all_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v without_o pity_n stand_v by_o the_o very_a altar_n themselves_o moreover_o that_o which_o aggravate_v the_o rage_n of_o this_o persecution_n be_v the_o death_n of_o guimild_a sister_n of_o king_n swain_n slay_v in_o this_o manner_n in_o england_n she_o be_v lawful_o marry_v to_o count_n palingers_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o great_a power_n who_o go_v into_o england_n with_o her_o husband_n they_o both_o there_o receive_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n and_o sacrament_n of_o baptism_n this_o most_o prudent_a virago_n be_v the_o mediatrix_fw-la of_o the_o peace_n between_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n give_v herself_o with_o her_o husband_n and_o only_a son_n as_o hostage_n to_o king_n ethelred_n for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o peace_n she_o be_v deliver_v by_o the_o king_n to_o that_o most_o wicked_a duke_n edric_n to_o keep_v that_o traitor_n within_o few_o day_n after_o command_v her_o husband_n with_o her_o son_n to_o be_v slay_v before_o her_o face_n with_o four_o spear_n and_o last_o of_o all_o command_v she_o to_o be_v behead_v she_o undergo_v death_n with_o a_o magnanimous_a mind_n without_o fear_n or_o change_v of_o countenance_n but_o yet_o confident_o pronounce_v as_o she_o be_v die_v that_o the_o shed_n of_o her_o blood_n will_v bring_v great_a detriment_n to_o england_n 360._o henry_n huntindon_n thus_o relate_v the_o story_n of_o this_o massacre_n in_o the_o year_n 1002._o emma_n the_o jewel_n of_o the_o norman_n come_v into_o england_n and_o receive_v both_o the_o diadem_n and_o name_n of_o a_o queen_n with_o which_o match_n king_n ethelred_n be_v puff_v up_o with_o pride_n bring_v forth_o perfidiousness_n cause_v all_o the_o dane_n who_o be_v with_o peace_n in_o england_n to_o be_v slay_v by_o clandestine_v treason_n on_o one_o and_o the_o same_o day_n to_o wit_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n brice_n concern_v which_o wickedness_n we_o have_v hear_v in_o our_o infancy_n some_o honest_a old_a man_n say_v that_o the_o say_a king_n send_v secret_a letter_n into_o every_o city_n 2._o according_a to_o which_o the_o english_a on_o the_o same_o day_n and_o hour_n destroyeâ—_n all_o the_o dane_n either_o cut_v off_o their_o head_n without_o give_v they_o warning_n with_o sword_n or_o take_v anâ—_n burn_v they_o sudden_o together_o with_o fire_n vbi_fw-la fuit_fw-la videre_fw-la miseriam_fw-la dum_fw-la cuique_fw-la charissimos_fw-la hospites_fw-la quos_fw-la etiam_fw-la arctissima_fw-la necessitudo_fw-la dulciores_fw-la effecerat_fw-la cogeretur_fw-la prodere_fw-la et_fw-la amplexus_fw-la gladio_fw-la deturbare_fw-la write_v 64._o malmsbury_n the_o news_n of_o this_o bloody_a massacre_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v bring_v into_o denmark_n to_o king_n swain_n by_o some_o youth_n of_o the_o danâ—sh_a nation_n who_o escape_v and_o fleâ—_n out_o of_o england_n in_o a_o ship_n move_v he_o to_o tear_n 392._o uocatisque_fw-la cunctis_fw-la regni_fw-la principibus_fw-la who_o call_v all_o the_o prince_n of_o his_o realm_n together_o and_o relate_v the_o whole_a series_n of_o what_o be_v act_v to_o they_o he_o diligent_o inquire_v of_o they_o what_o they_o will_v advise_v he_o to_o do_v who_o all_o cry_v out_o together_o as_o with_o one_o mouth_n decree_v that_o the_o
soon_o after_o marry_v the_o king_n daughter_n edith_n whereby_o he_o have_v the_o better_a opportunity_n to_o betray_v the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n with_o less_o suspicion_n 10._o king_n ethelred_n 1007._o though_o often_o vex_v with_o the_o war_n and_o invasion_n of_o these_o foreign_a enemy_n yet_o he_o have_v a_o care_n to_o make_v good_a law_n for_o the_o benefit_n peace_n and_o safety_n of_o his_o people_n whereupon_o have_v thus_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o dane_n an._n 1007._o he_o summon_v and_o hold_v a_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n at_o aenham_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o easter_n at_o the_o exhortation_n of_o aelfeag_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o wulstan_n archbishop_n of_o york_n who_o together_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n â—_o and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n be_v present_a at_o it_o regis_fw-la aethelredi_fw-la edicto_fw-la concrepante_fw-la acciâ—i_fw-la sunt_fw-la convenire_fw-la where_o they_o all_o 〈…〉_z de_fw-fr catholicae_fw-la cultu_fw-la religionis_fw-la reparando_fw-la deque_fw-la etiam_fw-la rei_fw-la statu_fw-la publicae_fw-la reparando_fw-la vel_fw-la consulendo_fw-la plura_fw-la et_fw-la non_fw-la pauca_fw-la utpote_fw-la divinitus_fw-la â—inspirati_fw-la ratiocinando_fw-la sermocinabantur_fw-la in_o this_o council_n they_o debate_v resolve_v on_o divers_a thing_n and_o enact_v many_o wholesome_a law_n and_o edict_n for_o the_o reformation_n and_o settle_v of_o religion_n and_o churchman_n the_o advancement_n of_o god_n worship_n the_o government_n of_o the_o church_n and_o state_n the_o advancement_n of_o civil_a justice_n and_o honesty_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n begin_v with_o the_o thing_n of_o god_n and_o the_o church_n in_o the_o first_o place_n which_o you_o may_v read_v at_o large_a in_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n some_o law_n whereof_o i_o shall_v here_o transcribe_v be_v very_o pertinent_a to_o my_o subject_n cap._n 5._o sapientes_fw-la decernunt_fw-la ut_fw-la leges_fw-la quique_fw-la coram_fw-la deo_fw-la eâ—_n hominibus_fw-la aequas_fw-la â—â—atuant_fw-la et_fw-la tueantur_fw-la 5._o iniquas_fw-la autem_fw-la omnino_fw-la deleant_fw-la justitiam_fw-la pauperi_fw-la atque_fw-la diviti_fw-la pari_fw-la exhibentes_fw-la lance_n et_fw-la pacem_fw-la insuper_fw-la et_fw-la concordiam_fw-la piè_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la seculo_fw-la coram_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la hominibus_fw-la retinentes_fw-la cap._n 6._o sapientes_fw-la etiam_fw-la decernunt_fw-la ut_fw-la nemo_fw-la christianum_fw-la et_fw-la inâ—ontem_fw-la pretio_fw-la tradat_fw-la extra_fw-la patriam_fw-la praesertim_fw-la in_o pagani_n alicujus_fw-la servitium_fw-la cap._n 7._o sapientes_fw-la etiam_fw-la decernunt_fw-la ut_fw-la pro_fw-la delicto_fw-la modico_fw-la nemo_fw-la christianum_fw-la morti_fw-la adjudicet_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o misericordia_fw-la potius_fw-la leges_fw-la administret_fw-la ad_fw-la utilitatem_fw-la populi_fw-la et_fw-la non_fw-la pro_fw-la modico_fw-la eum_fw-la perdat_fw-la qui_fw-la est_fw-la opus_fw-la manuum_fw-la dei_fw-la et_fw-la mercimonium_fw-la ejus_fw-la magno_fw-la comparatum_fw-la pretio_fw-la de_fw-fr quolibet_fw-la autem_fw-la crimine_fw-la acuratius_fw-la decernito_fw-la sententiam_fw-la praebens_fw-la juxta_fw-la factum_fw-la mercedem_fw-la juxta_fw-la meritum_fw-la ita_fw-la scilicet_fw-la ut_fw-la secundum_fw-la divinam_fw-la clementiam_fw-la levis_fw-la sit_fw-la poena_fw-la et_fw-la secundum_fw-la humanam_fw-la fragilitatem_fw-la tolerabilis_fw-la cap._n 9_o nemo_fw-la dehinc_fw-la in_o posterum_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la servitium_fw-la imponat_fw-la nec_fw-la clientelam_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la injuriis_fw-la afficiat_fw-la nec_fw-la ministrum_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la ejiciat_fw-la inconsulto_fw-la episcopo_fw-la cap._n 21._o veâ—ba_fw-la et_fw-la opâ—ra_fw-la rectè_fw-la cuique_fw-la disponat_fw-la er_fw-mi jusjurandum_fw-la pactamque_fw-la fidem_fw-la cautè_fw-la teneat_fw-la omnem_fw-la etiam_fw-la injustitiam_fw-la è_fw-la patriae_fw-la finibus_fw-la quâ_fw-la poterit_fw-la industriâ_fw-la cuique_fw-la ejiciat_fw-la et_fw-la perjuria_fw-la formidanda_fw-la cap._n 22._o urbium_fw-la oppidorum_fw-la arcium_fw-la atque_fw-la pontium_fw-la instauratio_fw-la sedulo_fw-la fiat_fw-la prout_fw-la opus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la restaurentur_fw-la renoventur_fw-la vallis_fw-la et_fw-la fossis_fw-la muniantur_fw-la et_fw-la circumvallentur_fw-la militaris_fw-la etiam_fw-la et_fw-la navalis_fw-la profectio_fw-la uti_fw-la imperatum_fw-la est_fw-la 9_o ob_fw-la universalem_fw-la utique_fw-la necessitatem_fw-la cap._n 23._o de_fw-fr navali_fw-la expeditione_n sub_fw-la paschate_n cavendum_fw-la etiam_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la celerius_fw-la post_fw-la paschatis_fw-la festum_fw-la navalis_fw-la expeditio_fw-la annuo_fw-la sit_fw-la parata_fw-la si_fw-mi quis_fw-la navem_fw-la in_o reipublicae_fw-la expeditionem_fw-la designatum_fw-la vitiaverit_fw-la damnum_fw-la integrè_fw-la restituito_fw-la et_fw-la pacem_fw-la regis_fw-la violatam_fw-la compensato_fw-la si_fw-mi verò_fw-la eam_fw-la ita_fw-la prorsus_fw-la corruperit_fw-la ut_fw-la deinceps_fw-la nihili_fw-la habeatur_fw-la plenam_fw-la luito_fw-la injuriam_fw-la et_fw-la laesam_fw-la praeterea_fw-la majestatem_fw-la so_o one_o translation_n out_o of_o the_o saxon_a copy_n read_v it_o but_o another_o thus_o nave_n per_fw-la singuloâ—_n annos_fw-la ob_fw-la patriae_fw-la defensionem_fw-la et_fw-la munitionem_fw-la praeparentur_fw-la poâ—ique_fw-la sacrosanctum_fw-la paâ—cha_fw-la cum_fw-la cunctis_fw-la utensilibus_fw-la competentibus_fw-la fimul_fw-la congregentur_fw-la qua_fw-la etiam_fw-la poena_fw-la digni_fw-la sunt_fw-la qui_fw-la navium_fw-la detrimentum_fw-la in_o aliquibus_fw-la perficiunt_fw-la notum_fw-la cunctis_fw-la esse_fw-la cupimus_fw-la quicunque_fw-la aliquam_fw-la ex_fw-la navibus_fw-la per_fw-la quampiam_fw-la inetriam_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la incuriam_fw-la vel_fw-la negligentiam_fw-la corruperit_fw-la et_fw-la tamen_fw-la recuperabilis_fw-la sit_fw-la be_v navis_fw-la corruptelam_fw-la vel_fw-la fracturam_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la per_fw-la solidam_fw-la prius_fw-la recuperet_fw-la regique_fw-la deinde_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la pro_fw-la ejuâ—dem_fw-la munitionis_fw-la fractura_fw-la sibimet_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ritè_fw-la persolvat_fw-la cap._n 24._o de_fw-fr militiam_fw-la deâ—ractante_fw-la si_fw-mi quis_fw-la de_fw-fr profectione_n militari_fw-la cui_fw-la rex_fw-la intererit_fw-la sine_fw-la licentia_fw-la se_fw-la substraxerit_fw-la in_fw-la detrimentum_fw-la currat_fw-la omnium_fw-la fortunarum_fw-la these_o three_o last_o law_n most_o clear_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o militia_n and_o military_a affair_n of_o this_o age_n with_o all_o their_o provision_n of_o arm_n ship_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n against_o the_o invade_a dane_n and_o other_o enemy_n with_o their_o military_a law_n and_o all_o other_o apurtenance_n thereto_o belong_v be_v order_v and_o settle_v in_o their_o general_n council_n by_o common_a consent_n cap._n 26._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la regis_fw-la insidiabitur_fw-la 8._o svi_fw-la ipsius_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la dispendio_fw-la et_fw-la quas_fw-la habet_fw-la rebus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la poenas_fw-la luito_fw-la sin_n negaverit_fw-la et_fw-la purgatione_fw-la qua_fw-la licuerit_fw-la expetierit_fw-la solemniori_fw-la eam_fw-la faciat_fw-la juramento_fw-la vel_fw-la ordalio_n triplici_fw-la juxta_fw-la legem_fw-la anglorum_fw-la et_fw-la in_o danorum_fw-la lege_fw-la prout_fw-la ipsa_fw-la statuit_fw-la cap._n 27._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la christi_fw-la legibus_fw-la sive_fw-la regis_fw-la se_fw-la nefariè_fw-la opposuerit_fw-la capitis_fw-la plectitor_n aestimatione_fw-la vel_fw-la mulctâ_fw-la aliâ_fw-la pro_fw-la delicti_fw-la qualitate_fw-la et_fw-fr si_fw-fr be_v contrarius_fw-la rebellare_fw-la armis_fw-la nititur_fw-la et_fw-la sic_fw-la occiditur_fw-la inultus_fw-la jaceat_fw-la 5._o cap._n 29._o scrutari_fw-la oportet_fw-la diligentius_fw-la unumquemque_fw-la modis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la quonam_fw-la pacto_fw-la illud_fw-la ante_fw-la omne_fw-la efferatur_fw-la consilium_fw-la quod_fw-la populo_fw-la habeat_fw-la utilissimum_fw-la et_fw-la ut_fw-la recta_fw-la christi_fw-la religio_fw-la oxime_n provehatur_fw-la injustumque_fw-la quodlibet_fw-la funditus_fw-la extirpetur_fw-la haec_fw-la enim_fw-la in_o rem_fw-la â—uerinâ—_n totius_fw-la patriae_fw-la ut_fw-la injustitia_fw-la conculcetur_fw-la et_fw-la institia_fw-la coram_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la hominibus_fw-la diligatur_fw-la cap._n 32._o ut_fw-la quisquis_fw-la fuerit_fw-la potentior_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la seculo_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la scelera_fw-la evectus_fw-la in_o altiorem_fw-la gradum_fw-la ita_fw-la gravius_fw-la emendabit_fw-la peccata_fw-la sua_fw-la et_fw-la pro_fw-la singulis_fw-la malefactis_fw-la poenas_fw-la luet_fw-la graviores_fw-la haec_fw-la itaque_fw-la legalia_fw-la statuta_fw-la vel_fw-la decreta_fw-la in_o nostro_fw-la conventu_fw-la synodali_n â—_o rege_fw-la nostro_fw-la magnopere_fw-la edicta_fw-la cuncti_fw-la tunc_fw-la temporis_fw-la optimates_fw-la se_fw-la observaturos_fw-la fideliter_fw-la spondebant_fw-la the_o invasion_n and_o oppression_n of_o the_o dane_n excite_v both_o the_o king_n his_o prelate_n and_o noble_n in_o this_o great_a general_n council_n not_o only_o to_o provide_v for_o their_o necessary_a defence_n against_o they_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n but_o likewise_o to_o enact_v good_a law_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o god_n worship_n and_o service_n the_o good_a government_n of_o the_o republic_n the_o advancement_n of_o justice_n and_o righteousness_n the_o suppression_n of_o all_o oppression_n injustice_n wickedness_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o just_a right_n and_o liberty_n both_o of_o the_o church_n and_o people_n as_o the_o most_o effectual_a mean_n to_o unite_v and_o preserve_v they_o against_o the_o common_a enemy_n and_o to_o remove_v god_n wrath_n and_o judgement_n from_o they_o as_o the_o other_o statute_n and_o decree_n of_o this_o council_n more_o full_o resolve_v which_o you_o may_v peruse_v at_o leisure_n about_o the_o same_o year_n as_o i_o conjecture_v or_o not_o long_o after_o 533._o king_n ethelred_n have_v some_o breaâ—hing_a time_n from_o war_n by_o his_o peace_n conclude_v with_o the_o perfidious_a dane_n hâ—ld_v three_o other_o great_a parliamentary_a
of_o their_o native_a country_n king_n law_n liberty_n property_n estate_n life_n against_o foreign_a invader_n and_o â—â—urpers_n 2_o because_o they_o more_o or_o less_o relate_v to_o my_o forementioned_a proposition_n touch-the_a fundamental_a right_n liberty_n property_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n 3_o because_o they_o show_v forth_o unto_o we_o the_o true_a original_a ground_n cause_n motive_n necessity_n and_o manner_n of_o grant_v the_o very_a first_o civil_a tax_n and_o tribute_n mention_v in_o our_o history_n by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n in_o their_o general_n council_n to_o the_o danish_a invader_n to_o purchase_v peace_n and_o the_o true_a nature_n use_v of_o our_o ancient_a danegelt_n and_o rectify_v some_o mistake_n in_o our_o common_a late_a english_a historian_n 1016._o immediate_o after_o king_n ethelreds_n decease_n spelm._n episcopi_fw-la abbates_n deuce_n et_fw-la quique_fw-la nobiliores_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la congregati_fw-la as_o wâ—gornienâ—â—s_n hoveden_n sâ—meon_n dunelmeâ—â—is_n radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la bromtonâ—_n â—_z or_o maxima_fw-la pars_fw-la regni_fw-la tam_fw-la clericorum_fw-la quam_fw-la laicorum_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la congregati_fw-la as_o matthew_n westminsterâ—_n â—_z or_o proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la clero_fw-la as_o knâ—â—hton_n express_v iâ—_n pari_fw-la consensu_fw-la in_o dominum_fw-la et_fw-la regem_fw-la canntum_fw-la eligere_fw-la all_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n duke_n and_o noble_n of_o england_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o chief_a clergy_n and_o laity_n assemble_v together_o in_o a_o kind_n of_o parliamentary_a counciâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d unanimous_a consent_n elect_v cnute_n for_o their_o lord_n aâ—â—_n king_n notwithstanding_o their_o solemn_a vow_n and_o engagement_n but_o the_o year_n before_o never_o to_o suffer_v a_o danish_a king_n to_o reign_v over_o they_o whereupon_o â—heâ—_n all_o repair_v to_o cnute_n to_o southampton_n speed_n omnemque_fw-la progeniem_fw-la regis_fw-la ethelredi_fw-la coram_fw-la illo_fw-la abhorrentes_fw-la et_fw-la abnegando_fw-la repudiantes_fw-la aâ—_n wigorniensis_n huntindon_n knyghton_n and_o other_o record_v and_o there_o in_o his_o presence_n abhor_v and_o utter_o renounce_v and_o abjure_v all_o the_o progeny_n of_o king_n ethelred_n they_o submit_v themselves_o and_o swear_v fealty_n to_o he_o as_o to_o their_o only_a king_n and_o sovereign_a he_o reciprocal_o then_o swear_v unto_o they_o that_o he_o will_v be_v a_o faithful_a lord_n unto_o themâ—_n both_o in_o thing_n appertain_v to_o god_n and_o the_o world_n which_o our_o historian_n thus_o express_v quibus_fw-la ille_fw-la juravit_fw-la quod_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la deum_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la seculum_fw-la fidelis_fw-la illis_fw-la foret_fw-la dominus_fw-la only_o the_o city_n of_o london_n anâ—_n part_n of_o the_o noble_n then_o in_o it_o unanimous_o choose_v and_o cry_v up_o ed._n ironside_n 8._o king_n ethelreds_n 3._o son_n by_o elgina_n his_o first_o wife_n daughter_n to_o duke_n thore_v as_o speed_n and_o oâ—hers_n relate_v though_o matthew_n westminstâ—r_n and_o other_o register_v his_o birâ—h_n non_fw-la ex_fw-la emma_n regina_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la quadam_fw-la ignobili_fw-la foemina_fw-la generatus_fw-la qui_fw-la utique_fw-la matris_fw-la suae_fw-la ignobilitatem_fw-la generis_fw-la mentis_fw-la ingenuitate_fw-la &_o corporis_fw-la strewit_fw-la te_fw-la redintegrando_fw-la redemit_fw-la after_o edmond_n election_n he_o be_v crown_v king_n by_o live_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n at_o kingston_n upon_o thames_n where_o our_o kiug_n in_o that_o age_n be_v usual_o crown_v no_o soon_o be_v he_o thus_o advance_v to_o the_o regal_a dignity_n but_o he_o present_o march_v undaunted_o into_o west-sex_n and_o be_v there_o receive_v by_o all_o the_o people_n with_o great_a gratulation_n and_o joy_n he_o moâ—t_v speedy_o subject_v it_o to_o his_o dominion_n which_o be_v divulge_v in_o other_o part_n many_o county_n of_o england_n desert_v cnute_n voluntary_o submit_v themselves_o unto_o he_o such_o be_v the_o fickleness_n of_o â—he_n people_n &_o unconstancy_n of_o worldly_a power_n and_o affair_n cnute_n cnute_n in_o â—he_n mean_a time_n to_o be_v revenge_v of_o the_o londoner_n for_o make_v edmond_n king_n march_v to_o london_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n and_o fleet_n besiege_v and_o block_v up_o the_o city_n with_o his_o ship_n draw_v up_o the_o thames_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o bridge_n and_o then_o draw_v a_o large_a and_o deep_a trench_n round_o about_o the_o city_n from_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o river_n whereby_o he_o intercept_v all_o ingress_n and_o egress_n to_o the_o citizen_n and_o other_o who_o he_o shut_v up_o so_o close_o that_o none_o can_v go_v in_o or_o out_o of_o the_o city_n and_o endeavour_v by_o many_o strong_a assault_n to_o force_v it_o but_o be_v still_o repulse_v by_o the_o citizens_n who_o valiant_o defend_v the_o wall_n he_o leave_v off_o the_o siege_n with_o great_a confusion_n and_o loss_n as_o well_o as_o dishonour_v thence_o he_o march_v with_o his_o army_n into_o dorsetshire_n to_o subdue_v it_o where_o king_n edmond_n meet_v he_o with_o such_o force_n as_o he_o can_v sudden_o raise_v give_v he_o battle_n at_o penham_n near_o gillingham_n where_o after_o a_o bloody_a and_o cruel_a encounter_n he_o put_v cnute_n and_o his_o army_n to_o flight_n and_o slay_v many_o of_o they_o not_o long_o after_o they_o recruit_v their_o force_n both_o army_n meet_v at_o steorstan_n king_n edmond_n resolve_v there_o to_o give_v cnute_n battle_n place_v the_o most_o expert_a and_o valiant_a of_o his_o soldier_n in_o the_o front_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o english_a who_o come_v flock_v in_o to_o he_o he_o keep_v for_o a_o reserve_n in_o the_o rear_n then_o call_v upon_o every_o of_o they_o by_o name_n he_o exhort_v and_o inform_v they_o that_o they_o now_o fight_v for_o their_o country_n for_o their_o child_n for_o their_o wife_n for_o their_o house_n and_o liberty_n inflame_v the_o mind_n of_o his_o soldier_n with_o his_o excellent_a speech_n in_o this_o battle_n with_o the_o enemy_n he_o exercise_v the_o office_n of_o a_o valiant_a soldier_n and_o good_a general_n charge_v very_o courageous_o but_o because_o that_o most_o perfidious_a duke_n edric_n almar_n and_o algar_n and_o other_o of_o the_o great_a man_n who_o ought_v to_o have_v assist_v he_o with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o southampton_n wiltshire_n and_o innumerable_a other_o english_a join_v with_o the_o dane_n the_o battle_n continue_v all_o day_n from_o morning_n to_o night_n with_o equal_a fortune_n till_o both_o side_n be_v tiâ—ed_v out_o and_o many_o of_o each_o party_n slay_v the_o night_n constrain_v they_o to_o march_v one_o from_o another_o but_o their_o blood_n not_o be_v cold_a the_o next_o day_n they_o buckle_v together_o again_o with_o no_o less_o courage_n than_o before_o till_o at_o last_o in_o the_o very_a heat_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o most_o perfidious_a duke_n edric_n perceive_v the_o dane_n like_v to_o be_v total_o rout_v and_o the_o english_a in_o great_a forwardness_n of_o victory_n cut_v off_o the_o head_n of_o a_o soldier_n name_v osmeranus_fw-la very_o like_a to_o king_n edmund_n both_o in_o hair_n and_o countenance_n and_o shake_v his_o bloody_a sword_n with_o the_o half_a gasp_a head_n in_o his_o hand_n which_o he_o lift_v up_o on_o high_a cry_v out_o to_o the_o english_a army_n o_o you_o dorsetshire_n man_n devonshire_n man_n and_o other_o english_a flee_v and_o get_v away_o for_o your_o head_n be_v lose_v beâ—old_v here_o be_v the_o head_n of_o your_o king_n edmund_n which_o i_o hold_v in_o my_o hand_n therefore_o hasten_v hence_o with_o all_o speed_n and_o save_v your_o life_n which_o when_o the_o english_a hear_v and_o see_v they_o be_v more_o affright_v with_o the_o atrocity_n of_o the_o thing_n than_o with_o the_o belief_n of_o the_o speaker_n whereupon_o all_o the_o more_o unconstant_a of_o the_o army_n be_v ready_a to_o fly_v away_o but_o edmond_n have_v present_a notice_n of_o this_o treacherous_a stratagem_n and_o see_v his_o man_n ready_a to_o give_v over_o the_o fight_n haste_v where_o he_o may_v be_v best_o see_v and_o post_v from_o rank_n to_o rank_n encourage_v they_o to_o fight_v like_o englishman_n who_o thereupon_o resume_v their_o courage_n charge_v the_o dane_n more_o fierce_o than_o beâ—ore_o and_o bend_v their_o force_n against_o the_o traitor_n have_v shoot_v he_o to_o death_n but_o that_o he_o retreat_v present_o to_o the_o enemy_n the_o english_a revive_v and_o manful_o continue_v the_o battle_n again_o till_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n cause_v both_o army_n voluntary_o to_o retreat_n from_o each_o other_o into_o their_o tent_n when_o much_o of_o the_o night_n be_v spend_v cnute_n command_v his_o man_n in_o great_a silence_n to_o break_v up_o their_o camp_n and_o march_v to_o his_o ship_n and_o soon_o after_o while_o king_n edmond_n be_v recruit_v his_o army_n in_o west-sex_n besiege_v london_n against_o whereupon_o edmond_n march_v to_o london_n with_o a_o select_a company_n of_o soldier_n chase_a cnute_n and_o his_o army_n to_o their_o ship_n remove_v the_o
or_o orencester_n not_o winchester_n the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n wherein_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o queen_n emma_n and_o of_o his_o bishop_n and_o baron_n he_o place_v monk_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o bederichesiorthe_a where_o st._n edmund_n be_v inter_v and_o endow_v the_o monastery_n of_o st._n edmond_n with_o so_o many_o farm_n and_o other_o good_n as_o make_v it_o one_o of_o the_o rich_a in_o all_o england_n as_o those_o historian_n witness_n who_o name_n and_o date_n the_o ignorant_a compiler_n oâ—_n this_o manuscript_n mistake_v who_o antiquity_n and_o reputation_n be_v very_o suspiâ—ious_a as_o 534._o sir_n henry_n spelman_n inform_v we_o first_o because_o sir_n henry_n can_v never_o gain_v the_o sight_n of_o it_o from_o sir_n edward_n cook_n though_o he_o ofttimes_o promise_v to_o lend_v it_o he_o to_o peruse_v for_o his_o satisfaction_n and_o that_o which_o dare_v not_o abide_v the_o sight_n and_o test_n of_o such_o a_o judicious_a learned_a antiquary_n when_o desire_v may_v just_o be_v deem_v a_o imposture_n 2_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n conceive_v the_o author_n of_o this_o manuscript_n write_v not_o before_o the_o end_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d_o if_o so_o soon_o see_v he_o call_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o realm_n so_o frequent_o a_o parliament_n which_o title_n be_v not_o give_v it_o in_o manuscript_n or_o historian_n till_o the_o end_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d._n or_o aâ—ter_v his_o reign_n and_o wigorniensis_n matthew_n westminster_n hoveden_n and_o simeon_n dunelmensis_n all_o stile_n it_o only_o concilium_fw-la not_o parliamentum_fw-la 3_o because_o he_o certain_o mistake_v in_o his_o chronology_n in_o make_v aegelnoth_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n hardecnute_n when_o as_o he_o die_v and_o eadsi_n be_v make_v archbishop_n thereof_o two_o year_n before_o hardicnuâ—es_n reign_n which_o eadsi_n crown_v he_o king_n as_o matt._n westminster_n an._n 1038._o together_o with_o matthew_n parker_n and_o godwin_n attest_v and_o therefore_o he_o may_v as_o gross_o mistake_v in_o other_o thing_n 4_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o recital_n itself_o that_o it_o be_v write_v above_o 130_o year_n at_o least_o after_o this_o council_n under_o cnute_n because_o it_o recite_v it_o precede_v the_o decree_n make_v so_o long_o after_o under_o pope_n eugenius_n an._n 1150._o 5ly_n the_o form_n of_o the_o prologue_n haec_fw-la sunt_fw-la statuta_fw-la etc._n etc._n couple_v with_o ad_fw-la suum_fw-la convocans_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la publico_fw-la parliamento_fw-la and_o aliis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la ipsorum_fw-la suffraganeis_fw-la prove_v it_o not_o to_o be_v write_v before_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o his_o reign_n when_o such_o phrase_n come_v first_o in_o use_n sir_n edward_n cook_n himself_o inform_v we_o in_o his_o epistle_n that_o in_o cnute_n his_o reign_n such_o state-assembly_n be_v style_v uenerandum_fw-la concilium_fw-la sapientum_fw-la &_o sic_fw-la 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win_v and_o knit_v the_o people_n heart_n 11._o anno_fw-la 1024._o 1024._o cnute_n lead_v a_o army_n of_o english_a and_o dane_n against_o the_o swede_n whereof_o he_o lose_v many_o in_o the_o first_o battle_n the_o next_o day_n when_o he_o appoint_v again_o to_o fight_v with_o they_o earl_n godwin_n general_n of_o the_o enlish_a militia_n without_o king_n cnutes_n privity_n resolve_v with_o his_o english_a force_n alone_o to_o invade_v the_o swedish_n enemy_n in_o the_o night_n whereupon_o use_v this_o speech_n to_o his_o soldier_n ut_fw-la pristinae_fw-la gloriae_fw-la memores_fw-la robur_fw-la suum_fw-la oculis_fw-la novi_fw-la domini_fw-la assererent_fw-la etc._n etc._n they_o alâ—_n valiant_o assault_v the_o enemy_n at_o unaware_o put_v they_o all_o to_o flight_n 8._o slay_v a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o they_o and_o compel_v the_o king_n of_o that_o nation_n ulf_n and_o eglaf_n to_o yield_v to_o term_n of_o peace_n cnute_n prepare_v to_o fight_v very_o early_a the_o next_o morning_n think_v the_o english_a have_v be_v either_o flee_v away_o or_o revolt_v to_o the_o enemy_n but_o march_v to_o the_o enemy_n tent_n and_o find_v nothing_o but_o the_o blood_n and_o carcase_n of_o those_o the_o english_a have_v slay_v he_o thereupon_o ever_o after_o have_v the_o english_a in_o great_a esteem_n who_o by_o this_o their_o victory_n comitatum_fw-la duci_fw-la sibi_fw-la laudem_fw-la paraverunt_fw-la write_v malmsbury_n cnute_n return_v joyful_a of_o this_o victory_n into_o england_n and_o bestow_v a_o earldom_n on_o godwin_n for_o this_o service_n 1030._o in_o the_o year_n 1027._o cnute_n hear_v that_o the_o norwegian_n disesteem_v olaus_n their_o king_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o simplicity_n other_o bribe_v his_o noble_n with_o great_a sum_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o reject_v olaus_n and_o elect_v he_o for_o their_o king_n which_o they_o promise_v to_o do_v the_o next_o year_n he_o fail_v into_o norwey_n with_o 50_o ship_n thrust_v olaus_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o consent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o subdue_v his_o realm_n to_o himself_o whence_o return_v into_o england_n an._n 1029._o hâ—conem_fw-la danicum_fw-la comitem_fw-la quasi_fw-la legationis_fw-la causa_fw-la in_fw-la exilium_fw-la misit_fw-la
disclaim_v all_o danish_a subjection_n &_o that_o especial_o for_o the_o contempt_n which_o the_o english_a have_v very_o often_o receive_v from_o the_o dane_n for_o if_o a_o dane_n have_v meet_v a_o englishmâ—n_n upon_o any_o bridge_n the_o englishman_n must_v not_o be_v so_o hardy_a to_o move_v a_o â—oot_n but_o stand_v stâ—ll_o till_o the_o dane_n be_v pass_v quiâ—e_o over_o it_o and_o moreover_o if_o the_o englishman_n have_v not_o bow_v down_o their_o head_n to_o do_v reverence_n to_o the_o dâ—nâ—s_n they_o shall_v present_o have_v undergoâ—e_o great_a punishment_n and_o stripe_n whereupon_o king_n hardecnute_a be_v dead_a the_o english_a rise_v up_o against_o they_o drive_v all_o the_o dane_n be_v then_o without_o a_o king_n and_o captain_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n who_o speedy_o quit_v the_o land_n never_o return_v into_o it_o afterward_o and_o here_o we_o may_v just_o stand_v still_o a_o while_n and_o contemplate_v the_o admirable_a retaliate_a justice_n of_o god_n upon_o our_o danish_a usurp_v king_n and_o their_o posterity_n 223.224.225_o king_n cnute_n as_o you_o hear_v before_o cause_v the_o temporize_a english_a bishop_n noble_n and_o baron_n assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n against_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o king_n ethelred_n edmund_n ironside_n and_o their_o heir_n no_o less_o than_o twice_o one_o after_o another_o to_o renounce_v cast_v off_o and_o abjure_v their_o regal_a posterity_n to_o make_v they_o incapable_a of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o settle_v the_o inheritance_n of_o iâ—_n upon_o he_o and_o his_o danish_a blood_n anno_fw-la 1016._o and_o 1017._o and_o now_o in_o little_a more_o than_o twenty_o year_n after_o all_o the_o english_a prelate_n and_o noble_n assemble_v in_o council_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n by_o a_o solemn_a decree_n aâ—d_v oath_n abjure_v renounce_v and_o eternal_o disinherit_v all_o the_o danish_a blood-royal_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o restore_v the_o saxon_a english_a royal_a line_n to_o that_o sovereignty_n which_o they_o have_v former_o disclaim_v such_o be_v the_o vicissitude_n of_o divine_a â—ustice_n and_o providence_n worthy_a our_o observation_n in_o these_o wheel_a time_n wherein_o we_o live_v when_o no_o man_n know_v what_o change_v of_o like_a nature_n 27.1_o one_o day_n or_o year_n may_v bring_v forth_o the_o english_a put_v their_o decree_n for_o cashier_v all_o the_o dane_n in_o execution_n 6._o turn_v the_o mout_fw-mi of_o all_o the_o castle_n fort_n garrison_n city_n village_n throughout_o england_n as_o well_o those_o of_o the_o royal_a and_o noble_a bloodâ—_n â—_z as_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n and_o force_v they_o to_o depart_v the_o realm_n as_o they_o have_v former_o banish_v the_o english_a prince_n and_o noble_n 410._o procâ—reâ—_n igitur_fw-la anglorum_fw-la jam_fw-la dacorum_n dominio_fw-la liberati_n the_o noble_n therefore_o of_o engl._n be_v thus_o free_v from_o the_o dane_n dominion_n for_o so_o much_o of_o god_n of_o his_o mercy_n and_o providence_n who_o be_v the_o maker_n of_o heir_n think_v good_a after_o the_o woâ—ull_a captivity_n of_o the_o english_a 5.6.8_o nation_n to_o grant_v they_o some_o respite_n of_o deliverance_n in_o take_v away_o the_o danish_a king_n without_o any_o issue_n leave_v behind_o they_o who_o reign_v here_o in_o england_n keep_v the_o english_a people_n in_o miserable_a subjection_n about_o the_o space_n of_o 28_o year_n and_o from_o their_o first_o land_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n brictricus_fw-la waste_v and_o vex_v this_o land_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 255_o year_n their_o tyranny_n now_o come_v to_o a_o end_n by_o the_o death_n of_o hard_a cnute_n they_o thereupon_o assemble_v together_o in_o a_o great_a council_n with_o a_o general_a consent_n elect_a prince_n edward_n surname_v the_o confessor_n the_o young_a and_o only_a survive_a son_n of_o king_n ethelred_n for_o their_o king_n who_o annuente_fw-la clero_fw-la et_fw-la populo_fw-la 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the_o treachery_n and_o inconstancy_n of_o the_o fickle_a head_a english_a yet_o at_o last_o upon_o the_o importunity_n of_o the_o messenger_n who_o inform_v he_o 13._o melius_fw-la esse_fw-la ut_fw-la vivat_fw-la gloriosus_fw-la in_o imperio_fw-la quam_fw-la ignominiosus_fw-la moriaâ—ur_fw-la in_o exilic_a jure_fw-la ei_o competere_fw-la regnum_fw-la aevo_fw-la maturo_fw-la laboribus_fw-la defaecato_fw-la scieâ—ti_fw-la administrare_fw-la principatum_fw-la per_fw-la aetatenâ—_n severè_fw-la miserias_fw-la provinciâ—lium_fw-la pro_fw-la pristina_fw-la aequitate_fw-la temperare_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o put_v in_o sufficient_a pledge_n and_o a_o oath_n give_v for_o his_o security_n he_o come_v into_o england_n with_o a_o small_a train_n of_o norman_n where_o he_o be_v joyful_o receive_v by_o the_o noble_n and_o people_n nec_fw-la mora_fw-la gilingâ—am_fw-la or_o rather_o lâ—ndoniamâ—_n â—_z congregato_fw-la concilio_n rationibus_fw-la suis_fw-la explicitis_fw-la regem_fw-la 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demand_v of_o s._n petâ—r_n who_o shall_v succeed_v he_o whereunto_o s._n peter_n return_v he_o this_o answer_n regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la est_fw-la regnum_fw-la dei_fw-la et_fw-la ipse_fw-la sibi_fw-la reges_fw-la or_o regem_fw-la as_o some_o render_v it_o providebit_fw-la the_o realm_n of_o england_n be_v god_n kiâ—gdome_n and_o he_o himself_o shall_v provide_v king_n or_o a_o king_n for_o himself_o according_a to_o his_o good_a pleasure_n yea_o the_o golden_a legend_n of_o king_n edward_n life_n inform_v we_o that_o he_o be_v choose_a king_n of_o england_n by_o consent_n of_o parliament_n while_o he_o be_v yet_o in_o his_o mother_n womb_n as_o well_o as_o after_o hardâ—-cnute's_a death_n take_v the_o relation_n of_o it_o in_o 372.373_o abbot_n ailreds_n word_n and_o of_o brigâ—twolds_n vision_n likewise_o cum_fw-la igitur_fw-la gloriosus_fw-la rex_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la ex_fw-la filia_fw-la praeclarissimi_fw-la comitis_fw-la thoreti_n filium_fw-la suscepisset_fw-la eadmundum_n cognomento_fw-la ferreumlatus_fw-la ex_fw-la regina_fw-la autem_fw-la emma_n aluredum_fw-la beatus_fw-la edvardus_fw-la inter_fw-la viscera_n materna_fw-la conclusus_fw-la utrique_fw-la praeferiur_fw-fr agente_a 5.6.8_o â—o_o qui_fw-la omne_fw-la operatur_fw-la secundum_fw-la concilium_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la suae_fw-la qui_fw-la dominatur_fw-la in_o
goodly_a soldier_n he_o can_v select_v and_o of_o such_o captain_n and_o commander_n as_o both_o in_o the_o army_n and_o elsewhere_o seem_v all_o of_o they_o to_o be_v rather_o king_n than_o noble_n and_o to_o set_v the_o better_a colour_n upon_o his_o pretend_a enterprise_n he_o send_v to_o pope_n alexander_n acquaint_v he_o with_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o cause_n and_o the_o war_n he_o have_v undertake_v his_o ambassador_n set_v they_o forth_o with_o all_o the_o strength_n of_o eloquence_n which_o harold_n neglect_v to_o do_v either_o through_o sloathfullness_n or_o diffidence_n of_o his_o title_n or_o for_o fear_n william_n who_o strict_o watch_v at_o port_n shall_v intercept_v his_o messenger_n the_o pope_n have_v weigh_v the_o tiâ—le_n of_o both_o party_n 9_o send_v a_o consecrate_a banner_n to_o william_n as_o a_o omen_n of_o his_o right_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o good_a success_n take_v in_o the_o enterprise_n which_o have_v receive_v conventum_fw-la magnum_fw-la 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hardly_o be_v sufficient_a to_o defend_v their_o own_o that_o they_o think_v it_o more_o safe_a for_o he_o to_o hold_v what_o he_o have_v than_o with_o hazard_n of_o their_o own_o to_o invade_v the_o territory_n of_o other_o that_o though_o the_o war_n intend_v be_v just_a yet_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a but_o exceed_v dangerous_a beside_o by_o their_o allegiance_n they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o military_a service_n in_o foreign_a parte_v and_o therefore_o no_o payment_n can_v be_v assess_v upon_o they_o whereupon_o the_o wealthy_a of_o all_o the_o people_n be_v send_v for_o by_o the_o duke_n and_o several_o one_o by_o one_o confer_v with_o show_v they_o his_o right_n and_o hope_n of_o england_n where_o preferment_n lay_v even_o for_o the_o mean_a of_o they_o only_a money_n be_v the_o want_n which_o they_o may_v spare_v â—either_o shall_v that_o be_v give_v but_o lend_v upon_o a_o plentiful_a increase_n with_o which_o word_n he_o draw_v they_o so_o on_o that_o they_o strive_v who_o 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the_o summer_n and_o autumn_n place_v likewise_o his_o lanâ—_n force_n of_o foot_n in_o fit_a place_n about_o the_o sea_n coast_n but_o at_o last_o the_o victual_n of_o the_o navy_n and_o land_n army_n be_v spend_v they_o both_o return_v home_o about_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n mary_n haywood_n soon_o after_o divine_a providence_n to_o make_v the_o easy_a and_o speedy_a way_n for_o harold_n overthrow_n stir_v up_o his_o own_o brother_n tosti_n the_o banish_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n to_o recover_v his_o earldom_n and_o avenge_v himself_o of_o harold_n who_o exile_v he_o some_o think_v by_o duke_n william_n advice_n they_o marry_v two_o sister_n who_o come_v with_o 60_o some_o write_v 40_o ship_n out_o of_o flanders_n force_a tax_n and_o tribute_n out_o of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n take_v booty_n and_o mariner_n to_o serve_v in_o his_o navy_n on_o the_o sea_n coast_v of_o kent_n whence_o he_o hoise_a â—ail_n fell_a â—oul_n on_o lincolnshire_n where_o morcar_n and_o edwin_n earl_n 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fly_v into_o york_n for_o shelter_n which_o the_o enemy_n besiege_v be_v present_o surrender_v up_o to_o they_o and_o hostage_n deliver_v they_o after_o the_o slaughter_n of_o many_o citizen_n nobles_z and_o clergyman_n upon_o this_o king_n harold_n recollect_v his_o disband_v army_n and_o navy_n march_v with_o all_o speed_n towards_o york_n against_o the_o dane_n norwegean_n and_o his_o brother_n tosti_n but_o come_v to_o hamford_n bridge_n one_o valiant_a dane_n with_o his_o battle_n axe_n â—lew_v 40_o of_o his_o man_n and_o make_v good_a the_o bridge_n against_o the_o whole_a army_n for_o a_o long_a space_n till_o at_o last_o some_o go_n under_o the_o bridge_n in_o a_o boat_n slay_v he_o with_o a_o spear_n both_o army_n join_v battle_n after_o a_o long_a and_o bloody_a fight_n harfager_n and_o tosti_n with_o may_v other_o of_o note_n be_v slay_v their_o whole_a army_n rout_v all_o their_o ship_n take_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o of_o the_o brave_a english_a soldier_n and_o 20_o 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many_o
at_o all_o for_o tâ—e_v crown_n of_o england_n be_v hold_v not_o as_o patrimonial_a but_o in_o succession_n by_o remotion_n which_o be_v a_o succeed_a to_o another_o place_n it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o king_n edward_n to_o collate_v the_o same_o by_o any_o dispositive_a and_o testamentary_a will_n the_o right_a descend_v to_o the_o next_o of_o blood_n only_o by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o successor_n be_v not_o saâ—d_v to_o be_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o king_n but_o of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o make_v he_o so_o and_o 16._o can_v be_v put_v from_o it_o by_o any_o act_n of_o his_o predecessor_n 9_o that_o the_o nobility_n clergy_n and_o people_n free-election_n have_v be_v usual_o most_o endeavour_v and_o seek_v aâ—ter_n by_o our_o king_n â—especially_o life_n intruder_n as_o their_o best_a and_o sure_a title_n to_o these_o legal_a i_o shall_v only_o subjoin_v some_o political_a and_o theological_a observation_n natural_o flow_v from_o the_o premise_a history_n of_o king_n edward_n harold_n and_o william_n not_o unsuitable_a to_o nor_o unseasonable_a for_o the_o most_o serious_a thought_n and_o sad_a contemplation_n of_o the_o present_a age_n consider_v the_o revolution_n and_o posture_n of_o our_o public_a affair_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v very_o unsafe_a and_o perilous_a for_o prince_n or_o state_n to_o intrust_v the_o military_a and_o civil_a power_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o one_o potent_a ambitious_a or_o covetous_a person_n who_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o abuse_v they_o to_o the_o people_n oppression_n the_o kingdom_n perturbation_n and_o his_o sovereign_n affront_n or_o danger_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o earl_n godwin_n and_o his_o son_n 2._o that_o devout_a pious_a soft-natured_a prince_n be_v apt_a to_o be_v abuse_v and_o their_o people_n to_o be_v oppress_v by_o evil_a officer_n 3._o that_o it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a and_o pernicious_a to_o heditary_a kingdom_n for_o their_o king_n to_o die_v without_o any_o certain_a know_v and_o declare_v right_a heir_n or_o successor_n to_o their_o crown_n yea_o a_o occasion_n of_o many_o war_n and_o revolution_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o king_n edward_n death_n without_o iâ—sue_n or_o declare_v right_a heir_n 4._o that_o right_a heir_n to_o crown_n who_o be_v of_o tender_a year_n weak_a judgement_n or_o impotent_a in_o friend_n and_o purse_n be_v easy_o and_o frequent_o put_v by_o their_o right_n by_o bold_a active_a and_o powerful_a intruder_n as_o edgar_n atheling_n be_v both_o by_o haroâ—d_n and_o william_n successive_o yet_o this_o be_v remarkable_a in_o both_o these_o invader_n of_o his_o royal_a right_n 1._o that_o 349._o harold_n who_o first_o dethrone_v he_o to_o make_v he_o some_o kind_n of_o recompense_n and_o please_v the_o noble_n of_o his_o party_n create_v edgar_n earl_n of_o oxford_n and_o hold_v he_o in_o special_a favour_n 2_o lie_n that_o king_n willam_n the_o first_o to_o who_o 369._o he_o submit_v himself_o and_o do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n use_v he_o very_o honourable_o and_o entertain_v he_o in_o his_o court_n not_o only_o at_o first_o buâ—_n even_o after_o he_o have_v twice_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o he_o 2350._o join_v first_o with_o the_o english_a nobility_n then_o with_o the_o dane_n and_o scot_n against_o his_o interest_n for_o edgar_n come_v to_o he_o into_o normandy_n anno_fw-la 1066._o out_n of_o scotland_n where_o he_o live_v some_o year_n where_o nihil_fw-la ad_fw-la praesens_fw-la commodi_fw-la nihil_fw-la ad_fw-la futurum_fw-la spei_fw-la praeter_fw-la quotidianam_fw-la stipem_fw-la nactus_fw-la esset_fw-la he_o not_o only_o pardon_v his_o forepast_a offence_n but_o magno_fw-la donativo_fw-la donatus_fw-la est_fw-la pluribusque_fw-la annis_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la manens_fw-la libram_fw-la argenti_n quotidie_fw-la in_o stipendio_fw-la accipiebat_fw-la write_v 103._o malmesb._n receive_v a_o great_a donative_n from_o he_o and_o a_o pound_n of_o silver_n for_o a_o stipend_n every_o day_n and_o continue_v many_o year_n in_o his_o court._n after_o which_o anno_fw-la 1089._o he_o go_v into_o â—76_n apulia_n to_o the_o holy_a war_n by_o king_n william_n licence_n with_o 200_o soldier_n and_o many_o ship_n whence_o return_v after_o the_o death_n of_o robert_n son_n of_o godwin_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o best_a soldier_n he_o receive_v many_o benefit_n from_o the_o emperor_n both_o of_o greece_n and_o germany_n who_o endeavour_v to_o retain_v he_o in_o their_o court_n for_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o birth_n but_o he_o contemn_v all_o their_o proffer_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n to_o enjoy_v his_o native_a country_n return_v into_o england_n and_o there_o live_v all_o king_n william_n reign_n 217._o in_o the_o year_n 1091._o wil._n rufus_n go_v into_o normandy_n to_o take_v it_o by_o force_n from_o his_o brother_n robert_n deprive_v edgar_n of_o the_o honour_n which_o his_o brother_n with_o who_o he_o side_v have_v confer_v upon_o he_o and_o banish_v he_o out_o of_o normandy_n whereupon_o he_o go_v into_o scotland_n where_o by_o his_o mean_n a_o peace_n be_v make_v between_o william_n rufus_n and_o malcholm_n king_n of_o scot_n he_o be_v again_o reconcile_v to_o edgar_n by_o earl_n robert_n mean_n &_o return_v into_o england_n be_v in_o so_o great_a favour_n with_o the_o king_n that_o in_o the_o 466._o year_n 1097._o he_o send_v he_o into_o scotland_n with_o a_o army_n ut_fw-mi in_o ea_fw-la consobrinum_fw-la suum_fw-la eadgarum_fw-la malcholmi_n regis_fw-la filium_fw-la patruo_fw-la svo_fw-la dufenoldo_n qui_fw-la regnum_fw-la invaserat_fw-la expulso_fw-la regem_fw-la constitueret_fw-la whence_o return_v into_o england_n he_o live_v there_o till_o after_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o betake_v himself_o in_o his_o old_a age_n to_o a_o retire_a life_n in_o the_o country_n as_o 103._o malmesbury_n thus_o record_v angliam_fw-la rediit_fw-la ubi_fw-la diverso_fw-la fortunae_fw-la ludioro_n rotatus_fw-la nunc_fw-la remotus_fw-la &_o tacitus_fw-la canos_fw-la svo_fw-la in_o agro_fw-la consumit_fw-la where_o most_o probable_o he_o die_v in_o peace_n since_o i_o find_v no_o mention_n of_o his_o death_n no_o less_o than_o 4_o successive_a king_n permit_v this_o right_a heir_n to_o their_o crown_n to_o live_v both_o in_o their_o court_n and_o kingdom_n of_o england_n in_o peace_n and_o security_n such_o waâ—_n the_o christian_a generosity_n charity_n and_o piety_n of_o that_o age_n without_o repute_v it_o high_a treason_n for_o any_o to_o relieve_v or_o converse_v with_o he_o as_o the_o charity_n of_o some_o saint_n in_o this_o iron_n age_n will_v have_v adjudge_v it_o have_v they_o live_v in_o those_o time_n who_o have_v quite_o forget_v this_o gospel_n lesson_n of_o our_o saviour_n they_o then_o practise_v 21._o but_o i_o say_v unto_o you_o love_v your_o enemy_n do_v good_a to_o those_o that_o hate_v you_o etc._n etc._n wherefore_o if_o thy_o enemy_n huâ—ger_n give_v he_o meat_n if_o he_o thirst_v give_v he_o drink_v etc._n etc._n bâ—_n not_o overcome_v of_o evil_a but_o overcome_v evil_a with_o goodness_n 5._o that_o base_a carnal_a fear_n and_o cowardice_n oft_o cause_v both_o prelate_n noble_n and_o people_n to_o desert_n their_o own_o best_a interest_n and_o lawful_a prince_n and_o to_o act_v vote_n and_o submit_v to_o mere_a unrighteous_a usurper_n against_o their_o primitive_a resolution_n judgement_n conscience_n as_o here_o in_o the_o case_n of_o edgar_n and_o rich._n 3._o since_o 6._o that_o general_n puff_v up_o with_o victorious_a success_n and_o have_v the_o command_n of_o the_o land_n and_o sea_n force_v in_o their_o power_n be_v apt_a to_o aspire_v after_o the_o royal_a crown_n and_o sovereignty_n and_o forcible_o to_o usurp_v it_o upon_o the_o next_o occasion_n even_o with_o the_o disinherit_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n and_o hazard_v of_o the_o whole_a realm_n of_o which_o harold_n be_v a_o most_o pregnant_a example_n 7._o that_o ambitious_a aspirer_n after_o the_o royal_a crown_n and_o throne_n will_v make_v no_o conscience_n to_o violate_v all_o sacred_a and_o civil_a oath_n obligation_n contract_n and_o find_v out_o any_o evasion_n to_o elude_v they_o rather_o than_o go_v without_o themâ—_n or_o part_n with_o they_o when_o injurious_o usurp_v â—y_a they_o and_o will_v adventure_v to_o crown_v themselves_o with_o their_o own_o hand_n than_o not_o wear_v the_o diadem_n witness_n harold_n 8._o that_o usurper_n of_o crown_n without_o right_n though_o they_o court_v the_o people_n with_o coronation_n oath_n and_o fair_a promise_n of_o good_a law_n liberty_n immunity_n from_o all_o tax_n and_o grievance_n yet_o usual_o prove_v the_o great_a tyrant_n and_o oppressor_n to_o they_o of_o all_o other_o as_o harold_n and_o william_n in_o some_o sort_n do_v that_o invader_n of_o crown_n and_o sovereign_a power_n without_o any_o right_n title_n or_o colour_n of_o justice_n be_v once_o in_o possession_n will_v never_o part_v with_o they_o to_o those_o who_o have_v better_a right_n upon_o any_o verbal_a treaty_n but_o rather_o