in_o the_o outpart_n of_o london_n upon_o this_o point_n of_o naturalisation_n many_o man_n make_v a_o great_a doubt_n whether_o it_o be_v for_o public_a good_a to_o permit_v the_o jew_n to_o be_v naturalize_v in_o common_a with_o other_o stranger_n those_o that_o be_v against_o their_o admission_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v merchant_n urge_v these_o reason_n 1._o they_o say_v the_o jew_n be_v a_o subtle_a people_n pry_v into_o all_o kind_n of_o trade_n and_o thereby_o deprive_v the_o english_a merchant_n of_o that_o profit_n he_o will_v otherwise_o gain_v 2._o they_o be_v a_o penurious_a people_n live_v miserable_o and_o therefore_o can_v and_o do_v afford_v to_o trade_v for_o less_o profit_n than_o the_o english_a to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o english_a merchant_n 3._o they_o bring_v no_o estate_n with_o they_o but_o set_v up_o with_o their_o pen_n and_o ink_n only_o and_o if_o after_o some_o few_o year_n they_o thrive_v and_o grow_v rich_a they_o carry_v away_o their_o riches_n with_o they_o to_o some_o other_o country_n be_v a_o people_n that_o can_v mix_v with_o we_o which_o riches_n be_v carry_v away_o be_v a_o public_a loss_n to_o this_o kingdom_n those_o that_o be_v for_o the_o admission_n of_o the_o jew_n say_v in_o answer_n to_o the_o aforesaid_a reason_n viz._n 1_o st_o the_o subtle_a the_o jew_n be_v and_o the_o more_o trade_n they_o pry_v into_o while_o they_o live_v here_o the_o more_o they_o be_v like_a to_o increase_v trade_n and_o the_o more_o they_o do_v that_o the_o better_a it_o be_v for_o the_o kingdom_n in_o general_n though_o the_o worse_a for_o the_o english_a merchant_n who_o comparitive_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n be_v not_o one_o of_o a_o thousand_o 2_o dly_z the_o thrifty_a they_o live_v the_o better_a example_n to_o our_o people_n there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o world_n more_o conduce_v to_o enrich_v a_o kingdom_n then_o thriftiness_n 3_o dly_z it_o be_v deny_v that_o they_o bring_v over_o nothing_o with_o they_o for_o many_o have_v bring_v hither_o very_o good_a estate_n and_o hundred_o more_o will_v do_v the_o like_a and_o settle_v here_o for_o their_o life_n and_o their_o posterity_n after_o they_o if_o they_o have_v the_o same_o freedom_n and_o security_n here_o as_o they_o have_v in_o holland_n and_o italy_n where_o the_o grand_a duke_n of_o tuscanâ—y_n and_o other_o prince_n allow_v they_o not_o only_o perfect_a liberty_n and_o security_n but_o give_v they_o the_o privilege_n of_o make_v law_n among_o themselves_o and_o that_o they_o will_v reside_v with_o we_o be_v prove_v from_o the_o know_a principle_n of_o nature_n viz._n principle_n 1._o all_o man_n by_o nature_n be_v alike_o as_o i_o have_v before_o demonstrate_v and_o mr_n hobbs_n have_v true_o assert_v how_o erroneous_a soever_o he_o may_v be_v in_o other_o thing_n princip_n 2._o fear_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o hatred_n and_o hatred_n of_o separation_n from_o as_o well_o as_o evil_a deed_n to_o the_o party_n or_o government_n hate_v when_o opportunity_n be_v offer_v this_o by_o the_o way_n show_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o bare_a connivance_n at_o dissenter_n in_o matter_n of_o religion_n and_o a_o toleration_n by_o law_n the_o former_a keep_v they_o continual_o in_o fear_n and_o consequent_o apt_a to_o sedition_n and_o rebellion_n when_o any_o probable_a occasion_n of_o success_n present_v the_o latter_a disarm_v cunning_a ambitious_a mind_a man_n who_o want_v a_o popular_a discontent_a party_n to_o work_v upon_o can_v effect_v little_a or_o nothing_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o government_n and_o this_o methinks_v discover_v clear_o the_o cause_n why_o the_o lutheran_n in_o germany_n protestant_n in_o france_n greek_n in_o turkey_n and_o sectary_n in_o holland_n be_v such_o quiet_a peaceable-minded-man_n while_o our_o nonconformist_n in_o england_n be_v say_v to_o be_v enclinable_a to_o strife_n war_n and_o bloodshed_n take_v away_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o effect_n will_v cease_v while_o the_o law_n be_v in_o force_n against_o man_n they_o think_v the_o sword_n hang_v over_o their_o head_n and_o be_v always_o in_o fear_n though_o the_o execution_n be_v suspend_v not_o know_v how_o soon_o council_n or_o counsellor_n time_n or_o person_n may_v change_v it_o be_v only_o perfect_a love_n that_o cast_v out_o fear_n and_o all_o man_n be_v in_o love_n with_o liberty_n and_o security_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v that_o the_o industrious_a bee_n have_v sting_n though_o drone_n have_v not_o yet_o bee_n sting_v not_o except_o those_o that_o hurt_v they_o or_o disturb_v their_o hive_n it_o be_v say_v the_o jew_n can_v intermarry_v with_o we_o and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v they_o will_v reside_v long_o among_o we_o although_o they_o be_v treat_v never_o so_o kind_o why_o not_o reside_v here_o as_o well_o as_o in_o italy_n poland_n or_o holland_n they_o have_v now_o no_o country_n of_o their_o own_o to_o go_v to_o and_o therefore_o that_o be_v their_o country_n and_o must_v needs_o be_v so_o esteem_v by_o they_o where_o they_o be_v best_a use_v and_o have_v the_o great_a security_n chap._n viii_o concern_v wool_n and_o woollen_a manufacture_n that_o wool_n be_v eminent_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o english_a riches_n i_o have_v not_o hear_v deny_v by_o any_o and_o that_o therefore_o all_o possible_a mean_n ought_v to_o be_v use_v to_o keep_v it_o within_o our_o own_o kingdom_n be_v general_o confess_v and_o to_o this_o purpose_n most_o of_o our_o modern_a parliament_n have_v strenuous_o endeavour_v the_o contrive_n of_o severe_a law_n to_o prevent_v its_o exportation_n and_o the_o last_o act_n make_v it_o felony_n to_o ship_n out_o wool_n woolfels_n etc._n etc._n notwithstanding_o which_v we_o see_v that_o english_a and_o irish_a wool_n go_v over_o so_o plentiful_o that_o it_o be_v within_o a_o very_a small_a matter_n as_o cheap_a in_o holland_n as_o in_o england_n the_o mean_n to_o prevent_v this_o evil_a by_o additional_a penal_a law_n and_o alteration_n of_o some_o of_o those_o now_o in_o be_v be_v long_o under_o debate_n by_o his_o majesty_n command_n in_o the_o council_n of_o trade_n who_o according_a to_o their_o duty_n take_v great_a pain_n therein_o and_o since_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v the_o same_o thing_n be_v under_o consideration_n in_o parliament_n so_o that_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o in_o due_a time_n we_o shall_v see_v some_o more_o effectual_a law_n enact_v to_o this_o purpose_n as_o well_o in_o relation_n to_o ireland_n from_o whence_o the_o great_a of_o this_o mischief_n proceed_v as_o in_o england_n then_o ever_o yet_o have_v be_v yet_o i_o do_v utter_o despair_v of_o ever_o see_v this_o disease_n perfect_o cure_v till_o the_o cause_n thereof_o be_v remove_v which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v one_a height_n of_o interest_n in_o england_n which_o a_o abatement_n by_o law_n to_o 4_o per_fw-mi cent_z will_v cure_v two_o want_v of_o hand_n which_o a_o act_n of_o naturalisation_n will_v cure_v three_o compulsion_n in_o matter_n of_o religion_n which_o some_o relaxation_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n i_o hope_v will_v effectual_o cure_v for_o while_o our_o neighbour_n through_o the_o cheap_a valuation_n of_o their_o stock_n can_v afford_v to_o trade_n and_o disburse_v their_o money_n for_o less_o profit_n than_o we_o as_o have_v be_v i_o think_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v by_o the_o foregoing_a discourse_n and_o have_v more_o hand_n to_o employ_v than_o we_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o large_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n they_o give_v both_o to_o native_n and_o foreigner_n there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o they_o will_v be_v able_a to_o give_v a_o better_a price_n for_o our_o wool_n than_o we_o can_v afford_v ourselves_o and_o they_o that_o can_v give_v the_o best_a price_n for_o a_o commodity_n shall_v never_o fail_v to_o have_v it_o by_o one_o mean_n or_o other_o notwithstanding_o the_o opposition_n of_o any_o law_n or_o interposition_n of_o any_o power_n by_o sea_n or_o land_n of_o such_o force_n subtlety_n and_o violence_n be_v the_o general_a course_n of_o trade_n object_n but_o some_o may_v say_v and_o take_v it_o as_o well_o from_o what_o i_o have_v write_v elsewhere_o as_o from_o their_o own_o observation_n will_v not_o the_o well-making_a of_o our_o woollen-manufacture_n contribute_v much_o to_o the_o keep_n of_o our_o wool_n natural_o within_o our_o own_o kingdom_n i_o answer_v doubtless_o it_o will_v have_v a_o great_a tendency_n thereunto_o but_o can_v never_o effect_v it_o till_o the_o aforesaid_a radical_a cause_n of_o this_o disease_n be_v remove_v which_o bring_v i_o to_o the_o next_o question_n viz._n what_o will_v improve_v our_o woollen-manufacture_n in_o quality_n and_o quantity_n this_o be_v a_o very_a great_a question_n and_o require_v very_o deliberate_a and_o serious_a consideration_n but_o i_o shall_v write_v my_o present_a thought_n concern_v it_o
desire_v those_o gentleman_n pardon_n from_o who_o i_o may_v differ_v in_o opinion_n have_v this_o to_o say_v for_o myself_o that_o i_o do_v it_o not_o rash_o this_o be_v a_o business_n that_o i_o have_v many_o year_n consider_v of_o and_o that_o not_o solitary_o but_o upon_o converse_n with_o the_o most_o skilful_a man_n in_o our_o several_a english_a woollen_a manufacture_n 1._o then_o i_o say_v those_o three_o forementioned_a particular_n which_o will_v natural_o keep_v our_o wool_n at_o home_n will_v as_o natural_o increase_v our_o woollen-manufacture_n 2._o negative_o i_o think_v that_o very_o few_o of_o our_o law_n now_o in_o force_n to_o this_o purpose_n though_o our_o statute-book_n be_v replenish_v with_o many_o have_v any_o tendency_n thereunto_o nor_o any_o thing_n i_o have_v yet_o see_v in_o print_n for_o 1_o st_o all_z our_o law_n relate_v to_o the_o aulnegeor_n duty_n every_o body_n know_v signify_v nothing_o to_o the_o increase_n or_o well-making_a our_o manufacture_n but_o be_v rather_o chargeable_a and_o prejudicial_a 2_o dly_z all_o our_o law_n that_o oblige_v our_o people_n to_o the_o make_n of_o strong_a substantial_a and_o as_o we_o call_v it_o loyal_a cloth_n of_o a_o certain_a length_n breadth_n and_o weight_n if_o they_o be_v due_o put_v in_o execution_n will_v in_o my_o opinion_n do_v more_o hurt_n than_o good_a because_o the_o humour_n and_o fashion_n of_o the_o world_n change_n and_o at_o sometime_o in_o some_o place_n as_o now_o in_o most_o slight_a cheap_a light_a cloth_n will_v sell_v more_o plentiful_o and_o better_a than_o that_o which_o be_v heavy_a strong_a and_o true_a wrought_v and_o if_o we_o intend_v to_o have_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o world_n we_o must_v imitate_v the_o dutch_a who_o make_v the_o worst_a as_o well_o as_o the_o best_a of_o all_o manufacture_n that_o we_o may_v be_v in_o a_o capacity_n of_o serve_v all_o market_n and_o all_o humour_n 3_o dly_z i_o conclude_v all_o our_o law_n limit_v the_o number_n of_o loom_n number_v or_o kind_n of_o servant_n and_o time_n of_o work_v to_o be_v certain_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o clothing_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o general_n though_o they_o be_v advantageous_a to_o some_o particular_a man_n or_o place_n who_o first_o procure_v those_o law_n of_o restriction_n and_o limitation_n 4_o thly_a i_o think_v all_o those_o law_n be_v prejudicial_a that_o prohibit_v a_o weaver_n from_o be_v a_o full_a tucker_n or_o dyar_n or_o a_o full_a or_o tucker_n from_o keep_v a_o loom_n 5_o thly_a i_o conculde_v that_o stretch_n of_o cloth_n by_o tentor_n though_o it_o be_v sometime_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o cloth_n be_v yet_o absolute_o necessary_a to_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n and_o that_o the_o excess_n of_o strain_v can_v be_v certain_o limit_v by_o any_o law_n but_o must_v be_v lâ—ft_v to_o the_o seller_n or_o exporter_n discretion_n who_o best_o know_v what_o will_v please_v his_o customer_n beyond_o the_o sea_n beside_o if_o we_o shall_v whole_o prohibit_v strain_v of_o cloth_n the_o dutch_a as_o they_o have_v often_o do_v will_v buy_v our_o unstrain_a cloth_n and_o carry_v it_o into_o holland_n and_o there_o strain_v it_o to_o six_o or_o seven_o yard_n per_fw-la piece_n more_o in_o length_n and_o make_v it_o look_v a_o little_a better_o to_o the_o eye_n and_o after_o that_o carry_v it_o abroad_o to_o turkey_n and_o other_o market_n and_o there_o beat_v we_o out_o of_o trade_n with_o our_o own_o weapon_n but_o some_o may_v then_o ask_v i_o whether_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n to_o leave_v all_o man_n at_o liberty_n to_o make_v what_o cloth_n and_o sâ—uffs_n they_o please_v how_o they_o will_v where_o and_o when_o they_o will_v of_o any_o length_n or_o size_n i_o answer_v yes_o certain_o in_o my_o judgement_n it_o will_v be_v so_o except_o such_o species_n only_o as_o his_o majesty_n &_o the_o parliament_n shall_v think_v fit_a to_o make_v staple_n as_o suppose_v colchester_n bayeâ—_n perpetuanoes_n cheanye_n and_o some_o other_o sort_n of_o norwich_n stuff_v to_o be_v allow_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o public_a seal_n by_o which_o to_o be_v buy_v and_o sell_v here_o and_o beyond_o sea_n as_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o public_a faith_n of_o england_n and_o wherever_o such_o seal_n be_v allow_v or_o shall_v be_v think_v fit_a to_o be_v affix_v to_o any_o commodity_n i_o will_v desire_v the_o commodity_n shall_v be_v exact_o make_v according_a to_o the_o institution_n and_o always_o keep_v to_o its_o certain_a length_n breadth_n and_o goodness_n but_o in_o case_n any_o shall_v make_v of_o the_o say_a commodity_n worse_a than_o the_o institution_n i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v most_o for_o the_o public_a advantage_n to_o impose_v no_o penalty_n upon_o they_o but_o only_o deny_v they_o the_o benefit_n and_o reputation_n of_o the_o public_a seal_n to_o such_o bay_n or_o stuff_n as_o shall_v be_v so_o insufficient_a which_o in_o my_o opinion_n will_v be_v punishment_n 〈…〉_o those_o that_o shall_v make_v worse_o than_o thâ—_n standard_n and_o advantage_n enough_o to_o those_o that_o shall_v keep_v to_o it_o 2._o for_o all_o cloth_n and_o stuff_v not_o be_v make_v staples_n i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v of_o very_o great_a use_n that_o the_o maker_n do_v weave_v in_o their_o mark_n and_o affix_v their_o own_o seal_n contain_v the_o length_n and_o breadth_n of_o the_o piece_n as_o have_v be_v provide_v in_o some_o statute_n and_o that_o no_o maker_n under_o severe_a penalty_n shall_v use_v another_o mark_n or_o seal_n with_o such_o penalty_n to_o every_o marker_n or_o seller_n who_o cloth_n or_o stuff_n shall_v not_o contain_v the_o length_n and_o breadth_n set_v upon_o the_o seal_n as_o his_o majesty_n and_o the_o parliament_n shall_v think_v sit_v 3._o if_o the_o maker_n of_o all_o stuff_n whatsoever_o for_o exportation_n whether_o sâ—aples_n or_o not_o which_o be_v common_o sell_v by_o the_o piece_n and_o not_o by_o the_o yard_n or_o ell_n be_v oblige_v to_o make_v they_o no_o short_a than_o ancient_o they_o have_v be_v make_v the_o particular_a length_n of_o each_o sort_n whereof_o may_v be_v provide_v for_o and_o express_v in_o the_o act_n this_o good_a effect_n will_v follow_v upon_o it_o viz._n at_o all_o foreign_a market_n where_o we_o pay_v a_o great_a custom_n by_o the_o piece_n according_a to_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n currant_n in_o the_o several_a country_n we_o shall_v pay_v but_o the_o same_o custom_n abroad_o for_o a_o piece_n of_o full_a length_n which_o now_o we_o do_v for_o one_o that_o iâ—_n short_a notwithstanding_o i_o conceive_v it_o will_v be_v expedient_a to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o maker_n discretion_n to_o make_v their_o piece_n as_o much_o long_a as_o they_o please_v chap._n ix_o concern_v the_o balance_n of_o trade_n that_o the_o greatness_n of_o this_o kingdom_n depend_v upon_o foreign_a trade_n be_v acknowledge_v and_o therefore_o the_o interest_n of_o trade_n not_o unbecoming_a person_n of_o the_o high_a rank_n and_o of_o this_o study_n as_o well_o as_o other_o it_o may_v be_v say_v there_o be_v a_o infinite_a in_o it_o none_o though_o of_o the_o large_a intelect_v and_o experience_n be_v able_a to_o fathom_v its_o utmost_a depth_n among_o other_o thing_n relate_v to_o trade_n their_o have_v be_v much_o discourse_n of_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n the_o right_a understanding_n whereof_o may_v be_v of_o singular_a use_n and_o serve_v as_o a_o compass_n to_o steer_v by_o in_o the_o contemplation_n and_o propagation_n of_o trade_n for_o public_a advantage_n the_o balance_n of_o trade_n be_v common_o understand_v two_o way_n 1._o general_o something_o whereby_o it_o may_v be_v know_v whether_o this_o kingdom_n gain_v or_o lose_v by_o foreign_a trade_n 2._o particular_o something_o whereby_o we_o may_v know_v by_o what_o trade_n this_o kingdom_n gain_v and_o by_o what_o trade_n it_o lose_v for_o the_o first_o of_o these_o it_o be_v the_o most_o general_a receive_v opinion_n and_o that_o not_o ill_o ground_v that_o this_o balance_n be_v to_o be_v take_v by_o a_o strict_a scrutiny_n of_o what_o proportion_n the_o value_n of_o the_o commodity_n export_v out_o of_o this_o kingdom_n bear_v to_o those_o import_v and_o if_o the_o export_n exceed_v the_o import_v it_o be_v conclude_v the_o nation_n get_v by_o the_o general_a course_n of_o its_o trade_n it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o over-plush_n be_v import_v in_o bulloin_n and_o so_o add_v to_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o kingdom_n gold_n and_o silver_n be_v take_v for_o the_o measure_n and_o standard_n of_o riches_n 2._o this_o rule_n be_v not_o only_o common_o apply_v to_o the_o general_a course_n of_o foreign_a trade_n but_o to_o particular_a trade_n to_o and_o from_o this_o nation_n to_o any_o other_o now_o although_o this_o notion_n have_v much_o of_o
upon_o and_o tax_v the_o inhabitant_n at_o pleasure_n as_o the_o king_n do_v they_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a they_o shall_v make_v that_o successful_a progress_n in_o plant_v propriety_n freedom_n and_o inheritance_n be_v the_o most_o effectual_a spur_n to_o industry_n 2._o though_o some_o who_o have_v not_o look_v far_o into_o this_o matter_n may_v think_v the_o spaniard_n have_v make_v great_a progress_n in_o plant_v i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o english_a since_o the_o time_n they_o set_v upon_o this_o work_n have_v clear_v and_o emprove_v fifty_o plantation_n for_o one_o and_o build_v as_o many_o house_n for_o one_o the_o spaniard_n have_v build_v this_o will_v not_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o imagine_v if_o it_o be_v consider_v first_o that_o it_o be_v not_o above_o fifty_o or_o sixty_o year_n since_o the_o english_a intend_v the_o propagate_a foreign_a plantation_n second_o that_o the_o spaniard_n be_v possess_v of_o the_o west-indies_n about_o our_o king_n henry_n the_o 7_o th_n time_n which_o be_v near_o two_o hundred_o year_n past_a three_o that_o what_o the_o spaniard_n have_v do_v in_o the_o west-indies_n have_v be_v ten_o time_n more_o by_o conquest_n then_o by_o plant_v fourtly_n that_o the_o spaniard_n find_v in_o the_o west-indies_n most_o of_o the_o city_n and_o town_n ready_a build_v and_o inhabit_a and_o much_o of_o the_o ground_n emprove_v and_o cultivate_v before_o their_o come_n thither_o five_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o they_o find_v there_o and_o subdue_v be_v such_o a_o people_n with_o who_o some_o of_o the_o spaniard_n can_v and_o have_v mix_v from_o whence_o have_v proceed_v a_o generation_n of_o people_n which_o they_o call_v mestise_n whereas_o the_o english_a where_o they_o have_v set_v down_o and_o plant_v either_o find_v none_o or_o such_o as_o be_v mere_a wild_a heathen_a with_o who_o they_o can_v not_o nor_o ever_o have_v be_v know_v to_o mix_v six_o that_o now_o after_o such_o a_o long_a series_n of_o time_n the_o spaniard_n be_v scarce_o so_o populous_a in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o west-indies_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v a_o army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o man_n together_o in_o a_o month_n time_n from_o all_o which_o i_o conjecture_v one_a that_o his_o majesty_n have_v now_o more_o english_a subject_n in_o all_o his_o foreign_a plantation_n in_o sixty_o year_n than_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n have_v spaniard_n in_o all_o his_o in_o two_o hundred_o year_n 2d_o that_o the_o spaniard_n progress_n in_o plant_v bear_v no_o proportion_n to_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o english_a plantation_n 3_o d._n that_o see_v the_o spaniard_n in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o great_a prosperity_n and_o under_o so_o many_o advantage_n have_v be_v such_o indifferent_a planter_n and_o have_v make_v such_o slow_a progress_n in_o people_v those_o part_n of_o the_o west-indies_n which_o they_o possess_v it_o be_v not_o much_o to_o be_v fear_v that_o ever_o the_o english_a will_v be_v mate_v by_o the_o spaniard_n in_o their_o foreign_a plantation_n or_o production_n of_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o those_o part_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o spaniard_n be_v so_o thin_a of_o people_n in_o the_o west-indies_n i_o take_v to_o be_v such_o as_o these_o follow_v viz._n first_o and_o principal_o because_o they_o exercise_v the_o same_o policy_n and_o government_n civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a in_o their_o plantation_n as_o they_o do_v in_o their_o mother-kingdom_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o their_o people_n be_v few_o and_o thin_a abroad_o from_o the_o same_o cause_n as_o they_o be_v empty_a and_o void_a of_o people_n at_o home_n whereas_o although_o we_o in_o england_n vain_o endeavour_v to_o arrive_v at_o a_o uniformity_n of_o religion_n at_o home_n yet_o we_o allow_v a_o amsterdam_n liberty_n in_o our_o plantation_n it_o be_v true_a new-england_n be_v a_o more_o independent_a government_n from_o this_o kingdom_n than_o any_o other_o of_o our_o plantation_n and_o the_o people_n that_o go_v thither_o more_o one_o peculiar_a sort_n or_o sect_n than_o those_o that_o go_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o plantation_n they_o do_v for_o some_o year_n past_a exercise_v some_o severity_n against_o the_o quaker_n but_o of_o late_o they_o have_v understand_v their_o true_a interest_n better_o insomuch_o as_o i_o have_v not_o hear_v of_o any_o act_n of_o that_o kind_n for_o these_o five_o or_o six_o year_n last_o notwithstanding_o i_o be_o well_o inform_v that_o there_o be_v now_o among_o they_o many_o more_o quaker_n and_o other_o dissenter_n from_o their_o form_n of_o religious_a worship_n than_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o their_o great_a severity_n which_o severity_n have_v no_o other_o effect_n but_o to_o increase_v the_o new-english_a nonconformist_n 2_o d._n a_o second_o reason_n why_o the_o production_n of_o the_o spanish_a west-india_n commodity_n be_v so_o inconsiderable_a in_o respect_n to_o the_o english_a and_o consequent_o why_o their_o progress_n in_o plant_v have_v be_v and_o be_v like_a to_o be_v much_o less_o than_o the_o english_a as_o also_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o people_n i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o dearness_n of_o the_o freight_n of_o their_o ship_n which_o be_v four_o time_n more_o than_o our_o english_a freight_n and_o if_o you_o will_v know_v how_o that_o come_v to_o be_v so_o twelve_o per_fw-la cent_n interest_n will_v go_v â—_o great_a way_n towards_o the_o satisfy_n you_o although_o there_o be_v other_o concomitant_a lesser_a cause_n which_o whosoever_o understand_v spain_n or_o shall_v careful_o read_v this_o treatise_n may_v find_v out_o themselves_o 3_o d._n a_o three_o reason_n i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o custom_n in_o old-spain_n for_o undoubted_o high_a custom_n do_v as_o well_o dwarf_n plantation_n as_o trade_n 4_o the_o the_o spaniard_n intense_a and_o singular_a industry_n in_o their_o mine_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o work_n wherein_o destroy_v abundance_n of_o their_o people_n at_o least_o of_o their_o slave_n do_v cause_v they_o to_o neglect_v in_o great_a measure_n cultivate_v of_o the_o earth_n and_o produce_v commodity_n from_o the_o growth_n thereof_o which_o may_v give_v employment_n to_o a_o great_a navy_n as_o well_o as_o sustenance_n to_o a_o far_o great_a number_n of_o people_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n 5_o the_o their_o multitude_n of_o friar_n nun_n and_o other_o reclust_n and_o ecclesiastical_a person_n which_o be_v prohibit_v from_o marriage_n 3._o the_o three_o sort_n of_o people_n i_o be_o to_o discourse_n of_o be_v the_o portugeeze_n and_o and_o they_o i_o must_v acknowledge_v to_o have_v be_v great_a planter_n in_o the_o brazeil_n and_o other_o place_n but_o yet_o if_o we_o preserve_v our_o people_n and_o plantation_n by_o good_a law_n i_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o portugeeze_fw-mi except_o they_o alter_v their_o politic_n which_o be_v almost_o impossible_a for_o they_o to_o do_v can_v never_o bear_v up_o with_o we_o muchless_a prejudice_n our_o plantation_n that_o hitherto_o they_o have_v not_o hurt_v we_o but_o we_o they_o be_v most_o apparent_a for_o in_o my_o time_n we_o have_v beat_v their_o muscovado_n and_o paneal_a sugar_n quite_o out_o of_o use_n in_o england_n and_o their_o whites_n we_o have_v bring_v down_o in_o all_o these_o part_n of_o europe_n in_o price_n from_o seven_o and_o eight_o pound_n per_fw-la l._n to_o fifty_o shilling_n and_o three_o pound_n per_fw-la l._n and_o in_o quantity_n whereas_o former_o their_o brazeil-fleet_n consist_v of_o one_o hundred_o to_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o chest_n of_o sugar_n they_o be_v now_o reduce_v to_o about_o thirty_o thousand_o chest_n since_o the_o great_a increase_n of_o barbadoes_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o decay_n of_o the_o portugeeze_n production_n in_o brazeil_n be_v certain_o the_o better_a policy_n that_o our_o english_a plantatition_n be_v found_v upon_o that_o which_o principal_o dwarf_n the_o portugeeze_v plantation_n be_v the_o same_o beforementioned_a which_o hinder_v the_o spaniard_n viz._n extraordinary_a high_a custom_n at_o home_n high_a freight_n high_a interest_n of_o money_n ecclesiastical_a person_n etc._n etc._n from_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v plantation_n in_o general_a i_o draw_v these_o two_o principal_a conclusion_n 1_o st_o that_o our_o english_a plantation_n may_v thrive_v beyond_o any_o other_o plantation_n in_o the_o world_n though_o the_o trade_n of_o all_o of_o they_o be_v more_o severe_o limit_v by_o law_n and_o good_a execution_n of_o those_o law_n to_o their_o mother-kingdom_n of_o england_n exclusive_a to_o ireland_n and_o new-england_n 2_o that_o it_o be_v in_o his_o majesty_n power_n and_o the_o parliament_n if_o they_o please_v by_o take_v off_o all_o charge_n from_o sugar_n to_o make_v it_o more_o entire_o a_o english_a commodity_n than_o white-herring_n be_v a_o dutch_a commodity_n and_o to_o draw_v more_o profit_n to_o this_o
offend_v with_o i_o i_o dare_v undertake_v that_o this_o will_v never_o spoil_v but_o mend_v their_o marriage_n beside_o the_o great_a good_n it_o will_v bring_v to_o their_o country_n and_o to_o their_o posterity_n after_o they_o whether_o they_o prove_v to_o be_v nobleman_n gentleman_n or_o merchant_n etc._n etc._n i_o have_v in_o several_a place_n of_o my_o ensue_a treatise_n refer_v to_o some_o tract_n i_o former_o publish_v upon_o this_o subject_n which_o be_v now_o whole_o out_o of_o print_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o re-print_n and_o annex_v unto_o this_o which_o at_o first_o i_o intend_v not_o some_o there_o be_v who_o will_v grant_v that_o abatement_n of_o interest_n if_o it_o can_v be_v effect_v will_v procure_v to_o the_o nation_n all_o the_o good_a that_o i_o allege_v it_o will_v bring_v with_o it_o but_o say_v it_o be_v not_o practicable_a or_o at_o least_o not_o now_o 1._o a_o needless_a scruple_n and_o contradictory_n to_o experience_n for_o first_o a_o law_n have_v abate_v interest_n in_o england_n three_o time_n within_o these_o few_o year_n already_o and_o what_o shall_v hinder_v its_o effect_n now_o more_o than_o former_o 2._o if_o a_o law_n will_v not_o do_v it_o why_o do_v the_o usurer_n raise_v such_o a_o dust_n and_o engage_v so_o many_o friend_n to_o oppose_v the_o pass_n of_o a_o act_n to_o this_o purpose_n the_o true_a reason_n be_v because_o they_o be_v wise_a enough_o to_o know_v that_o a_o law_n will_v certain_o do_v it_o as_o it_o have_v do_v already_o though_o they_o will_v persuade_v other_o the_o contrary_n and_o if_o it_o be_v doubt_v we_o have_v not_o money_n enough_o in_o england_n beside_o what_o i_o have_v say_v in_o my_o former_a treatise_n as_o to_o the_o increase_n of_o our_o riches_n in_o general_a i_o shall_v here_o give_v some_o further_a reason_n of_o probability_n which_o be_v the_o best_a that_o can_v be_v expect_v in_o this_o case_n to_o prove_v that_o we_o have_v now_o much_o more_o money_n in_o england_n then_o we_o have_v twenty_o year_n past_a notwithstanding_o the_o seem_a scarcity_n at_o present_a if_o i_o shall_v look_v further_o back_o then_o twenty_o year_n the_o argument_n will_v be_v strong_a on_o my_o side_n and_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o money_n great_a and_o more_o perspicuous_a but_o i_o shall_v confine_v myself_o to_o that_o time_n which_o be_v within_o most_o man_n memory_n 1._o we_o give_v general_o now_o one_o three_o more_o money_n with_o apprentice_n than_o we_o do_v twenty_o year_n past_a 2._o notwithstanding_o the_o decay_n and_o loss_n of_o sundry_a trade_n and_o manufacture_n yet_o in_o the_o gross_a we_o ship_n off_o now_o one_o three_o part_n more_o of_o the_o manufacture_n as_o also_o lead_v and_o tin_n than_o we_o do_v twenty_o year_n past_a which_o be_v a_o cause_n as_o well_o as_o a_o proof_n of_o our_o increase_n of_o money_n if_o any_o doubt_v this_o if_o they_o please_v to_o consult_v mr_n diâ—kins_n surveyor_n of_o his_o majesty_n custom_n who_o be_v the_o best_a able_a i_o know_v live_v and_o have_v take_v the_o most_o pain_n in_o these_o calculation_n he_o may_v be_v satisfactory_o resolve_v 3._o house_n new_o build_v in_o london_n yield_v twice_o the_o rent_n they_o do_v before_o the_o fire_n and_o house_n general_o immediate_o before_o the_o fire_n yield_v about_o one_o four_o part_n more_o rent_n than_o they_o do_v twenty_o year_n past_a 4._o the_o speedy_a and_o costly_a building_n of_o london_n be_v a_o convince_a and_o to_o stranger_n a_o amaze_a argument_n of_o the_o plenty_n and_o late_o increase_v of_o money_n in_o england_n 5._o we_o have_v now_o more_o than_o double_a the_o quantity_n of_o merchant_n ship_n we_o have_v twenty_o year_n past_a 6._o the_o course_n of_o our_o trade_n from_o the_o increase_n of_o our_o money_n be_v strange_o alter_v within_o these_o twenty_o year_n most_o payment_n from_o merchant_n and_o shopkeeper_n be_v now_o make_v with_o ready_a money_n whereas_o former_o the_o course_n of_o our_o general_a trade_n run_v at_o three_o six_o nine_o twelve_o and_o eighteen_o month_n time_n but_o if_o this_o case_n be_v so_o clear_a some_o may_v ask_v i_o how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o all_o sort_n of_o man_n complain_v so_o much_o of_o the_o scarcity_n of_o money_n especial_o in_o the_o country_n my_o answer_n to_o this_o query_n be_v viz._n 1._o this_o proceed_v from_o the_o frailty_n and_o corruption_n of_o (null)_o nature_n it_o be_v natural_a for_o man_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o present_a and_o commend_v the_o time_n past_a so_o say_v they_o of_o old_a the_o former_a day_n be_v better_a than_o these_o and_o i_o can_v say_v in_o truth_n upon_o my_o own_o memory_n that_o man_n do_v complain_v as_o much_o of_o the_o scarcity_n of_o money_n ever_o since_o i_o know_v the_o world_n as_o they_o do_v now_o nay_o the_o very_a same_o person_n that_o now_o complain_v of_o this_o and_o commend_v that_o time_n 2._o and_o more_o particular_o this_o complaint_n proceed_v from_o many_o man_n find_n themselves_o uneasy_a in_o the_o matter_n of_o their_o religion_n it_o be_v natural_a for_o man_n when_o they_o be_v discontent_v at_o one_o thing_n to_o complain_v of_o all_o and_o principal_o to_o utter_v their_o discontent_n and_o complaint_n in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v most_o popular_a those_o that_o hate_v a_o man_n for_o some_o one_o cause_n will_v seldom_o allow_v of_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v good_a in_o he_o and_o some_o that_o be_v angry_a with_o one_o person_n or_o thing_n will_v find_v fault_n with_o other_o that_o give_v they_o no_o offence_n like_o peevish_a person_n that_o meet_v discontent_n abroad_o come_v home_n quarrel_n with_o their_o wife_n child_n servant_n etc._n etc._n 3._o and_o more_o especial_o this_o complaint_n in_o the_o country_n proceed_v from_o the_o late_a practice_n of_o bring_v up_o the_o tax-money_n in_o wagon_n to_o london_n which_o do_v doubtless_o cause_v a_o scarcity_n of_o money_n in_o the_o country_n 4._o and_o principal_o this_o seem_a scarcity_n of_o money_n proceed_v from_o the_o trade_n of_o banker_a which_o obstruct_v circulation_n advance_v usury_n and_o render_v it_o so_o easy_a that_o most_o man_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o can_v make_v up_o a_o sum_n of_o 50_o l._n or_o a_o 100_o l._n send_v it_o into_o the_o goldsmith_n which_o do_v and_o will_v occasion_v while_o it_o last_v that_o fatal_a press_a necessity_n for_o money_n so_o visible_a throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n both_o to_o prince_n and_o people_n from_o what_o have_v be_v last_o say_v it_o appear_v the_o matter_n in_o england_n be_v prepare_v for_o the_o abatement_n of_o interest_n which_o as_o sir_n henry_n blunt_n a_o honourable_a member_n of_o his_o majesty_n council_n of_o trade_n well_o say_v before_o the_o lord_n at_o the_o debate_n be_v the_o unum_n magnum_n towards_o the_o prosperity_n of_o this_o kingdom_n it_o be_v a_o generative_a good_a and_o will_v bring_v many_o other_o good_a thing_n with_o it_o i_o shall_v conclude_v with_o two_o or_o three_o request_n to_o the_o reader_n 1._o that_o he_o will_v read_v and_o consider_v what_o he_o read_v with_o a_o entire_a love_n to_o his_o country_n void_a of_o private_a interest_n and_o former_a ill_a ground_a impression_n receive_v into_o his_o mind_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o this_o principle_n 2._o that_o he_o will_v read_v all_o mind_v the_o matter_n not_o the_o stile_n before_o he_o make_v a_o judgement_n 3._o that_o in_o all_o his_o meditation_n upon_o these_o principle_n he_o will_v wary_o distinguish_v between_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o merchant_n and_o the_o gain_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v always_o parallel_n that_o frequent_o they_o run_v counter_a one_o to_o the_o other_o although_o most_o man_n by_o their_o education_n and_o business_n have_v fix_v their_o eye_n and_o aim_v whole_o upon_o the_o former_a do_v usual_o confound_v these_o two_o in_o their_o thought_n and_o discourse_n of_o trade_n or_o else_o mistake_v the_o former_a for_o the_o latter_a from_o which_o false_a measure_n have_v proceed_v many_o vulgar_a error_n in_o trade_n some_o whereof_o by_o reason_n of_o man_n frequent_a mistake_n as_o aforesaid_a be_v become_v almost_o proverbial_a and_o often_o hear_v out_o of_o the_o mouth_n not_o only_o of_o the_o common_a people_n but_o of_o man_n that_o may_v know_v better_o if_o they_o will_v due_o consider_v the_o aforesaid_a distinction_n some_o of_o the_o say_v common_a proverbial_a error_n be_v viz._n 1._o vulgar_a error_n we_o have_v too_o many_o merchant_n already_o 2._o the_o stock_n of_o england_n be_v too_o big_a for_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n 3._o no_o man_n shall_v exercise_v two_o calling_n 4._o especial_o no_o shopkeeper_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o merchant_n 5._o luxury_n and_o some_o excess_n may_v be_v
a_o fine_a of_o fifty_o pound_n and_o the_o success_n have_v be_v answerable_a for_o the_o first_o company_n settle_v upon_o that_o narrow_a limit_v interest_n although_o their_o stock_n be_v large_a than_o this_o decay_a and_o final_o come_v to_o ruin_v and_o destruction_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a this_o be_v settle_v on_o more_o rational_a and_o consequent_o more_o just_a as_o well_o as_o more_o profitable_a principle_n have_v through_o god_n goodness_n thrive_v and_o increase_v to_o the_o treble_v of_o their_o first_o stock_n chap._n iu._n concern_v the_o act_n of_o navigation_n though_o this_o act_n be_v by_o most_o conclude_v a_o very_a beneficial_a act_n for_o this_o kingdom_n especial_o by_o the_o master_n and_o owner_n of_o ship_n and_o by_o all_o seaman_n yet_o some_o there_o be_v both_o wise_a and_o honest_a gentleman_n and_o merchant_n that_o doubt_n whether_o the_o inconvenience_n it_o have_v bring_v with_o it_o be_v not_o great_a than_o the_o conveniency_n for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o in_o relation_n to_o trade_n ship_n profit_n and_o power_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o choice_a and_o most_o prudent_a act_n that_o ever_o be_v make_v in_o england_n and_o without_o which_o we_o have_v not_o now_o be_v owner_n of_o one_o half_a of_o the_o ship_n nor_o trade_n nor_o employ_v one_o half_a of_o the_o seaman_n which_o we_o do_v at_o present_a but_o see_v time_n have_v discover_v some_o inconvenience_n in_o it_o if_o not_o defect_n which_o in_o my_o poor_a opinion_n do_v admit_v of_o a_o easy_a amendment_n and_o see_v that_o the_o whole_a act_n be_v not_o approve_v by_o unanimous_a consent_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o discourse_v a_o little_a concern_v it_o wherein_z after_o my_o plain_a method_n i_o shall_v lay_v down_o such_o objection_n as_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o and_o subjoin_v my_o answer_n with_o such_o reason_n as_o occur_v to_o my_o memory_n in_o confirmation_n of_o my_o own_o opinion_n the_o objection_n against_o the_o whole_a act_n be_v such_o as_o these_o object_n 1._o some_o have_v tell_v i_o that_o i_o on_o all_o occasion_n magnify_v the_o dutch_a policy_n in_o relation_n to_o their_o trade_n and_o the_o dutch_a have_v no_o act_n of_o navigation_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v certain_o not_o always_o in_o the_o right_n as_o to_o the_o understanding_n of_o their_o true_a interest_n in_o trade_n or_o else_o we_o be_v in_o the_o wrong_n in_o this_o i_o answer_v i_o be_o yet_o to_o be_v inform_v where_o the_o dutch_a have_v miss_v their_o proper_a interest_n in_o trade_n but_o that_o which_o be_v fit_a for_o one_o nation_n to_o do_v in_o relation_n to_o their_o trade_n be_v not_o fit_a for_o all_o no_o more_o than_o the_o same_o policy_n be_v necessary_a to_o a_o prevail_a army_n that_o be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n to_o a_o army_n of_o less_o force_n then_o to_o be_v able_a to_o encounter_v their_o enemy_n at_o all_o time_n and_o place_n the_o dutch_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a stock_n low_a interest_n multitude_n of_o merchant_n and_o ship_n be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n in_o trade_n and_o therefore_o have_v no_o need_n to_o build_v castle_n fortress_n and_o place_n of_o retreat_n such_o i_o account_v law_n of_o limitation_n and_o secure_v of_o particular_a trade_n to_o the_o native_n of_o any_o kingdom_n because_o they_o viz._n the_o dutch_a may_v be_v well_o assure_v that_o no_o nation_n can_v enter_v in_o common_a with_o they_o in_o any_o trade_n to_o gain_v bread_n by_o it_o while_o their_o own_o use_n of_o money_n be_v at_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_z and_z other_o at_z 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z and_o upward_o etc._n etc._n whereas_o if_o we_o shall_v suffer_v their_o ship_n in_o common_a with_o we_o in_o those_o trade_n which_o be_v secure_v to_o the_o english_a by_o act_n of_o navigation_n they_o must_v necessary_o in_o a_o few_o year_n for_o the_o reason_n above_o 〈…〉_o eat_v we_o quite_o out_o of_o they_o object_n 2._o the_o second_o objection_n to_o the_o whole_a act_n be_v some_o will_v confess_v that_o as_o to_o merchant_n and_o owner_n of_o ship_n the_o act_n of_o navigation_n be_v eminent_o beneficial_a but_o say_v that_o merchant_n and_o owner_n be_v but_o a_o inconsiderable_a number_n of_o man_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o that_o interest_n of_o the_o great_a number_n that_o our_o native_a commodity_n and_o manufacture_n shall_v be_v take_v from_o we_o at_o the_o best_a rate_n and_o foreign_a commodity_n sell_v we_o at_o the_o cheap_a with_o admission_n of_o dutch_a merchant_n and_o ship_n in_o common_a with_o the_o english_a by_o my_o own_o implication_n will_v effect_v my_o answer_n be_v that_o i_o can_v deny_v but_o this_o may_v be_v true_a if_o the_o present_a profit_n of_o the_o generality_n be_v bare_o and_o single_o consider_v but_o this_o kingdom_n be_v a_o island_n the_o defence_n whereof_o have_v always_o be_v our_o ship_n and_o seaman_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o profit_n and_o power_n ought_v joint_o to_o be_v consider_v and_o if_o so_o i_o think_v none_o can_v deny_v but_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n have_v and_o do_v occasion_n building_n and_o employ_v of_o three_o time_n the_o number_n of_o ship_n and_o seaman_n that_o otherwise_o we_o shall_v or_o will_v do_v and_o that_o consequent_o if_o our_o force_n at_o sea_n be_v so_o great_o impair_v it_o will_v expose_v we_o to_o the_o receive_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o injury_n and_o affront_v from_o our_o neighbour_n and_o in_o conclusion_n render_v we_o a_o despicable_a and_o miserable_a people_n objection_n to_o several_a part_n of_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n object_n 1._o the_o inhabitant_n and_o planter_n of_o our_o plantation_n in_o america_n say_v this_o act_n will_v in_o time_n ruin_v their_o plantation_n if_o they_o may_v not_o be_v permit_v at_o least_o to_o carry_v their_o sugar_n to_o the_o best_a market_n and_o not_o be_v compel_v to_o send_v all_o to_o and_o receive_v all_o commodity_n from_o england_n i_o answer_v if_o they_o be_v not_o keep_v to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n the_o consequence_n will_v be_v that_o in_o a_o few_o year_n the_o benefit_n of_o they_o will_v be_v whole_o lose_v to_o the_o nation_n it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o policy_n of_o the_o dutch_a dane_n french_a spaniard_n portugal_n and_o all_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n to_o keep_v their_o external_a province_n and_o colony_n in_o a_o subjection_n unto_o and_o dependency_n upon_o their_o mother-kingdom_n and_o if_o they_o shall_v not_o do_v so_o the_o dutch_a who_o as_o i_o have_v say_v be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n in_o trade_n will_v carry_v away_o the_o great_a of_o advantage_n by_o the_o plantation_n of_o all_o the_o prince_n in_o christendom_n leave_v we_o and_o other_o only_o the_o trouble_n of_o breed_a man_n and_o send_v they_o abroad_o to_o cultivate_v the_o ground_n and_o have_v bread_n for_o their_o industry_n here_o by_o the_o way_n with_o entire_a submission_n to_o the_o great_a wisdom_n of_o those_o who_o it_o much_o more_o concern_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o query_n whether_o instead_o of_o the_o late_a prohibition_n of_o irish_a cattle_n it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v more_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o this_o kingdom_n of_o england_n to_o suffer_v the_o irish_a to_o bring_v into_o england_n not_o only_o their_o live_a cattle_n but_o also_o all_o other_o commodity_n of_o the_o growth_n or_o manufacture_n of_o that_o kingdom_n custom_n free_a or_o on_o easy_a custom_n and_o to_o prohibit_v they_o from_o trading_n homeward_o or_o outward_a with_o the_o dutch_a or_o our_o own_o plantation_n or_o any_o other_o place_n except_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n most_o certain_o such_o a_o law_n will_v in_o a_o few_o year_n wonderful_o increase_v the_o trade_n ship_n and_o riches_n of_o this_o nation_n query_n 2._o will_v not_o this_o be_v a_o good_a addition_n to_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n and_o much_o increase_v the_o employment_n of_o english_a ship_n and_o seaman_n as_o well_o in_o bring_v from_o thence_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o that_o country_n as_o supply_v that_o country_n with_o deal_v salt_n and_o all_o other_o foreign_a commodity_n which_o now_o they_o have_v from_o the_o dutch_a que._n 3._o will_v not_o this_o be_v a_o mean_n effectual_o to_o prevent_v the_o exportation_n of_o irish_a wool_n which_o now_o go_v frequent_o into_o france_n and_o holland_n to_o the_o manifest_a and_o great_a damage_n both_o of_o england_n and_o ireland_n que_fw-fr 4._o will_v not_o this_o be_v a_o fortress_n or_o law_n to_o secure_v to_o we_o the_o whole_a trade_n of_o ireland_n que._n 5._o will_v not_o this_o render_v that_o which_o now_o diminish_v and_o seem_v dangerous_a to_o the_o value_n of_o land_n in_o england_n viz._n the_o growth_n of_o
ireland_n advantageous_a by_o increase_n of_o trade_n and_o ship_n and_o consequent_o the_o power_n of_o this_o kingdom_n object_n 2._o the_o second_o ojection_n to_o part_n of_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n be_v usual_o make_v by_o the_o eastland_n and_o norway_n merchant_n who_o affirm_v that_o in_o effect_v their_o trade_n be_v much_o decline_v since_o the_o pass_a the_o act_n of_o navigation_n and_o the_o dane_n sweed_n holstener_n and_o all_o easterling_n who_o by_o the_o say_a act_n may_v import_n timber_n and_o other_o eastern_a commodity_n have_v increase_v in_o the_o number_n of_o their_o ship_n employ_v in_o this_o trade_n since_o our_o act_n of_o navigation_n at_o least_o two_o three_o part_n and_o the_o english_a have_v proportionable_o decline_v in_o the_o number_n of_o they_o employ_v in_o that_o trade_n i_o answer_v that_o i_o believe_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n assert_v be_v true_a as_o well_o as_o the_o cause_n assign_v viz._n the_o act_n of_o navigation_n and_o yet_o this_o shall_v not_o make_v we_o out_o of_o love_n with_o that_o excellent_a law_n rather_o let_v it_o put_v we_o upon_o contrive_v the_o amendment_n of_o this_o seem_a defect_n or_o inconvenience_n the_o cure_n whereof_o i_o hope_v upon_o mature_a consideration_n will_v not_o be_v find_v difficult_a for_o which_o i_o humble_o propound_v to_o the_o wisdom_n of_o parliament_n viz._n that_o a_o law_n be_v make_v to_o impose_v a_o custom_n of_o at_o least_o 50_o l._n per_fw-la cent_z on_o all_o eastland_n commodity_n timber_n board_n pipe-stave_n and_o salt_n import_v into_o england_n and_o ireland_n upon_o any_o ship_n but_o english_a build_v ship_n or_o at_o least_o such_o only_a as_o be_v sail_v with_o a_o english_a master_n and_o at_o least_o three_o fourth_n english_a mariner_n and_o that_o for_o these_o reason_n reas._n first_o if_o this_o be_v not_o do_v the_o dane_n sweede_n and_o easterling_n will_v certain_o in_o a_o few_o year_n carry_v the_o whole_a trade_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o build_v a_o ship_n fit_a for_o that_o trade_n there_o or_o here_o viz._n a_o flyboat_n of_o 300_o tun_n new_o build_v and_o set_v to_o sea_n for_o such_o a_o voyage_n may_v cost_v there_o 13_o or_o 1400_o l._n which_o here_o will_v cost_v from_o 22_o to_o 2400_o l._n which_o be_v so_o vast_a a_o disproportion_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o a_o english_a man_n to_o cope_v with_o a_o dane_n in_o that_o navigation_n under_o such_o a_o discouragement_n to_o balance_v which_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o stranger_n duty_n which_o the_o dane_n now_o pay_v which_o may_v come_v to_o 5_o or_o 6_o l_o per_fw-la ship_n per_fw-la voyage_n at_o most_o one_o with_o another_o which_o be_v incompitable_a with_o the_o difference_n of_o price_n between_o the_o first_o cost_n of_o the_o ship_n in_o either_o nation_n and_o this_o be_v so_o evident_a to_o those_o who_o be_v conversant_a in_o those_o trade_n that_o beside_o the_o decrease_n of_o our_o ship_n and_o increase_n of_o they_o that_o have_v already_o happen_v we_o in_o probability_n have_v be_v whole_o beat_v out_o of_o the_o trade_n and_o only_o dane_n and_o easterling_n freight_v have_v we_o be_v necessitate_v to_o build_v english_a ship_n and_o have_v not_o be_v recruit_v on_o moderate_a price_n by_o fly-boat_n be_v ship_n proper_a for_o this_o trade_n take_v in_o the_o late_a dutch_a war_n and_o by_o a_o further_a supply_n of_o scotch_a prize_n likewise_o through_o his_o majesty_n permission_n and_o indulgence_n reas._n 2._o because_o the_o number_n of_o stranger_n ship_n employ_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a trade_n yearly_o i_o estimtae_fw-la to_o be_v about_o two_o hundred_o sail_n which_o if_o such_o a_o law_n be_v make_v must_v unavoidable_o be_v all_o exclude_v and_o the_o employment_n fall_v whole_o into_o english_a hand_n which_o will_v be_v a_o excellent_a nursery_n and_o give_v constant_a maintenance_n to_o a_o brave_a number_n of_o english_a seaman_n more_o than_o we_o can_v or_o do_v employ_v at_o present_a reas._o 3_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n be_v now_o of_o seventeen_o or_o eighteen_o year_n stand_v in_o england_n and_o yet_o in_o all_o these_o year_n not_o one_o english_a ship_n have_v be_v build_v fit_a for_o this_o trade_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v that_o before_o mention_v viz._n that_o it_o be_v cheap_a freight_v of_o dane_n and_o easterlin_n and_o it_o be_v so_o and_o all_o man_n natural_o lead_v by_o their_o profit_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o in_o vain_a to_o expect_v that_o ever_o this_o law_n will_v procure_v the_o build_n of_o one_o english_a ship_n fit_a for_o that_o employment_n till_o those_o stranger_n be_v exclude_v this_o trade_n for_o england_n and_o much_o more_o improbable_a it_o be_v that_o any_o shall_v now_o be_v build_v than_o it_o be_v former_o when_o the_o act_n be_v first_o make_v because_o timber_n be_v now_o at_o almost_o double_a the_o price_n in_o england_n it_o be_v then_o the_o consequence_n whereof_o be_v that_o if_o timely_a provision_n be_v not_o make_v by_o some_o additional_a law_n when_o our_o old_a stock_n of_o flemish_a prize_n be_v wear_v out_o as_o many_o of_o they_o be_v already_o we_o shall_v have_v very_o few_o or_o no_o ship_n in_o this_o trade_n the_o objection_n which_o i_o have_v hear_v make_v to_o this_o proposition_n be_v viz._n object_n 1._o if_o such_o a_o imposition_n be_v lay_v on_o those_o gross_a commodity_n import_v by_o stranger_n ship_n that_o will_v amount_v to_o the_o exclude_v all_o stranger_n from_o this_o trade_n we_o shall_v want_v ship_n in_o england_n to_o carry_v on_o the_o trade_n and_o so_o the_o commodity_n will_v not_o be_v have_v or_o else_o will_v come_v very_o dear_a to_o we_o i_o answer_v â—f_o the_o commodity_n shall_v be_v somewhat_o dear_a for_o the_o present_a it_o will_v be_v no_o loss_n to_o the_o nation_n in_o general_n because_o all_o freight_n will_v be_v pay_v to_o english_a man_n whereas_o the_o freight_n pay_v to_o stranger_n which_o upon_o thâ—se_a commodity_n be_v common_o as_o much_o or_o more_o than_o the_o value_n of_o good_n be_v all_o clear_a loss_n to_o the_o nation_n 2_o dly_z if_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o present_a want_n of_o ship_n and_o the_o parliament_n shall_v please_v to_o enjoin_v we_o to_o build_v english_a ship_n for_o this_o trade_n this_o extraordinary_a good_a effect_n will_v follow_v viz._n it_o will_v engage_v we_o to_o do_v that_o we_o never_o yet_o do_v viz._n to_o fall_v to_o build_v of_o fly-boat_n great_a ship_n of_o burden_n of_o no_o force_n and_o small_a charge_n in_o sail_v which_o will_v be_v the_o most_o profitable_a undertake_n that_o ever_o english_a man_n be_v engage_v in_o and_o that_o which_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o be_v do_v if_o ever_o we_o intend_v to_o board_v the_o dutch_a in_o their_o trade_n and_o navigation_n these_o fly-boat_n be_v the_o milch-cow_n ofâ—olland_n â—olland_z from_o which_o they_o have_v suck_v manifold_o great_a profit_n than_o from_o all_o their_o ship_n of_o force_n though_o both_o i_o know_v be_v necessary_a but_o if_o at_o first_o the_o parliament_n shall_v think_v fit_a to_o enjoin_v we_o only_o to_o ship_n sail_v with_o a_o enlish_a master_n and_o three_o fourth_n english_a mariner_n the_o dane_n and_o easterlin_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v put_v out_o of_o so_o great_a a_o employment_n for_o their_o ship_n we_o shall_v buy_v ship_n proper_a for_o this_o trade_n on_o easy_a term_n of_o they_o perhaps_o for_o half_a their_o cost_n which_o under_o value_n in_o purchase_n will_v be_v a_o present_a clear_a profit_n to_o england_n object_n 2._o if_o this_o be_v do_v in_o england_n may_v not_o other_o prince_n account_v it_o hard_a and_o unreasonable_a and_o consequent_o retaliate_v the_o like_a upon_o we_o to_o answer_v this_o objection_n its_o necesary_a to_o inquire_v what_o kingdom_n and_o country_n will_v be_v concern_v in_o this_o law_n 1_o st_o then_o italy_n spain_n and_o portugal_n will_v be_v whole_o unconcern_v 2_o dly_z so_o will_v france_n who_o if_o they_o be_v concern_v can_v take_v no_o offence_n while_o they_o lie_v a_o imposition_n of_o 50_o or_o 60_o per_fw-la cent_z upon_o our_o drapery_n 3_o dly_z the_o dutch_a and_o hamburger_n will_v not_o by_o such_o additional_a law_n be_v more_o exclude_v then_o now_o they_o be_v and_o the_o latter_a will_v have_v a_o advantage_n by_o it_o in_o case_n the_o dane_n shall_v as_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v they_o will_v lay_v a_o tax_n upon_o our_o ship_n there_o for_o the_o consequence_n thereof_o will_v be_v that_o much_o of_o those_o kind_n of_o commodity_n we_o shall_v fetch_v from_o hambrough_n where_o they_o be_v plentiful_o to_o be_v have_v though_o at_o a_o little_o dear_a rate_n and_o yet_o not_o so_o dear_a but_o that_o the_o dutch_a fetch_v yearly_o thence_o 350_o
order_n to_o the_o building_n and_o supply_v our_o ship_n that_o without_o they_o other_o trade_n can_v not_o be_v carry_v on_o it_o will_v not_o be_v deny_v by_o the_o honourable_a east-india_n company_n but_o they_o import_v much_o more_o good_n into_o england_n than_o they_o export_v &_o that_o to_o purchase_v the_o same_o they_o carry_v out_o quantity_n of_o gold_n &_o silver_n annual_o yet_o no_o man_n that_o understand_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o world_n will_v affirm_v that_o england_n lose_v by_o that_o trade_n the_o dutch_a with_o good_a reason_n esteem_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o east-indies_n more_o profitable_a to_o they_o than_o be_v the_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o america_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o if_o the_o english_a company_n be_v vest_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n with_o so_o much_o authority_n as_o the_o dutch_a have_v and_o thereby_o encourage_v to_o drive_v as_o full_a a_o trade_n thither_o as_o the_o dutch_a do_v i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o will_v be_v so_o not_o so_o much_o to_o the_o private_a gain_n of_o the_o member_n of_o that_o company_n as_o the_o public_a profit_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o general_a however_o as_o it_o be_v it_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v the_o most_o beneficial_a trade_n this_o nation_n drive_v at_o present_a for_o 1_o st_o that_o trade_n constant_o employ_v twenty_o five_o to_o thirty_o sail_n of_o the_o most_o warlike_a ship_n in_o england_n with_o sixty_o to_o a_o hundred_o man_n in_o each_o ship_n and_o may_v in_o two_o or_o three_o year_n more_o employ_v a_o great_a number_n and_o in_o order_n to_o the_o carry_v on_o that_o trade_n that_o company_n have_v late_o unconstrained_a give_v considerable_a encouragement_n for_o the_o build_n of_o great_a ship_n which_o have_v have_v good_a effect_n 2_o dly_z it_o supply_v the_o nation_n constant_o and_o full_o with_o that_o in_o this_o age_n necessary_a material_a of_o salt-petre_n 3_o dly_z it_o employ_v the_o nation_n for_o its_o consumption_n with_o pepper_n indigo_n calico_n and_o several_a useful_a drug_n near_o the_o value_n of_o 150000_o l._n to_o 180000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la 4_o thly_a it_o furnish_v we_o with_o pepper_n cowrye_n long-cloth_n and_o other_o calico_n and_o paint_a stuff_n proper_a for_o the_o trade_n of_o turkey_n italy_n spain_n france_n and_o guiny_n to_o the_o amount_v of_o 2_o or_o 300000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la most_o of_o which_o trade_n we_o can_v not_o carry_v on_o with_o any_o considerable_a advantage_n but_o for_o those_o supply_n and_o these_o good_n export_v do_v produce_v in_o foreign_a part_n to_o be_v return_v to_o england_n six_o time_n the_o treasure_n in_o specie_fw-la that_o the_o company_n export_v from_o hence_o now_o if_o not_o only_o the_o aforesaid_a advantage_n be_v serious_o consider_v but_o also_o what_o detriment_n the_o nation_n will_v sustain_v if_o we_o be_v deprive_v of_o those_o supply_n both_o in_o point_n of_o strength_n and_o warlike_a provision_n in_o regard_n of_o ship_n and_o salt-petre_n but_o also_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o furtherance_n it_o give_v to_o many_o other_o trade_n beforementioned_a it_o will_v easy_o appear_v that_o this_o trade_n though_o its_o import_v exceed_v its_o export_n be_v the_o most_o advantageous_a trade_n to_o england_n and_o deserve_v all_o encouragement_n for_o be_v we_o to_o buy_v all_o our_o pepper_n and_o calico_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o dutch_a they_o will_v raise_v our_o pepper_n which_o now_o stand_v the_o nation_n but_o about_o 3_o d._n per_fw-la pound_n in_o india_n to_o or_o near_o the_o proportion_n which_o they_o have_v advance_v on_o nutmeg_n clove_n and_o mace_n which_o cost_v the_o dutch_a not_o much_o more_o per_fw-mi pound_n in_o india_n than_o pepper_n since_o they_o engross_v the_o trade_n for_o those_o commodity_n and_o the_o use_n of_o callico_n in_o england_n will_v be_v supply_v by_o foreign_a linen_n at_o great_a price_n so_o that_o what_o may_v be_v secure_v from_o this_o nation_n be_v consumption_n will_v in_o probability_n cost_v they_o above_o 400000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_o than_o now_o it_o do_v and_o our_o foreign_a trade_n for_o italy_n guiny_n etc._n etc._n will_v in_o part_n decay_n for_o want_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a supply_n there_o be_v another_o notion_n concern_v the_o balance_n of_o trade_n which_o i_o think_v not_o impertinent_a here_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o viz._n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o way_n to_o know_v whether_o the_o nation_n get_v or_o lose_v in_o the_o general_a by_o its_o foregoing_a trade_n be_v to_o take_v a_o inspection_n into_o the_o course_n of_o the_o exchange_n be_v general_o above_o the_o intrinsic_a value_n or_o par_fw-fr of_o the_o coin_n of_o foreign_a country_n we_o not_o only_o lose_v by_o such_o exchange_n but_o the_o same_o be_v a_o demonstration_n that_o we_o lose_v by_o the_o general_a course_n of_o our_o foreign_a trade_n and_o that_o we_o require_v more_o supply_n of_o commodity_n from_o abroad_o than_o our_o export_n in_o good_n do_v serve_v to_o purchase_v and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o when_o once_o the_o exchange_n come_v to_o be_v 5_o or_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z above_o the_o true_a value_n of_o foreign_a money_n our_o treasure_n will_v be_v carry_v out_o whatever_o law_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o prevent_v it_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a when_o the_o exchange_n be_v general_o below_o the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o foreign_a coin_n it_o be_v a_o evidence_n that_o our_o export_n do_v in_o value_n exceed_v what_o we_o require_v from_o abroad_o and_o so_o if_o the_o exchange_n come_v to_o be_v 5_o or_o 6_o per_fw-mi cent_z below_o the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o foreign_a coin_n return_n will_v be_v make_v for_o england_n in_o the_o coin_n of_o foreign_a country_n now_o that_o there_o be_v also_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o truth_n in_o this_o notion_n be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v and_o that_o the_o diligent_a observance_n and_o consideration_n of_o the_o course_n of_o the_o exchange_n may_v be_v of_o use_n and_o very_o necessary_a in_o many_o respect_n and_o be_v a_o very_a ingenivous_a study_n for_o any_o that_o will_v dive_v into_o the_o mystery_n of_o trade_n yet_o because_o this_o be_v likewise_o subject_a to_o vary_v on_o many_o accident_n of_o emergency_n of_o state_n and_o war_n etc._n etc._n &_o because_o there_o be_v no_o settle_a course_n of_o exchange_n but_o to_o and_o from_o france_n holland_n flanders_n hambrough_n venice_n legorn_v &_o genoa_n and_o that_o there_o be_v many_o other_o great_a and_o eminent_a trade_n beside_o what_o be_v drive_v to_o those_o country_n this_o can_v afford_v a_o true_a and_o satisfactory_a solution_n to_o the_o present_a question_n thus_o have_v demonstrate_v that_o these_o notion_n touch_v the_o balance_n of_o trade_n though_o they_o be_v in_o their_o kind_n useful_a notion_n be_v in_o some_o case_n fallible_a and_o uncertain_a if_o any_o shall_v ask_v how_o shall_v we_o then_o come_v to_o be_v resolve_v of_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n i_o answer_v first_o the_o best_a and_o most_o certain_a discovery_n to_o my_o apprehension_n be_v to_o be_v make_v fâ—om_o the_o increase_n or_o diminution_n of_o our_o â—rade_n and_o ship_n in_o general_a for_o if_o our_o trade_n and_o ship_n diminish_v whatever_o profit_n particular_a man_n may_v make_v the_o nation_n undoubted_o lose_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o our_o trade_n and_o ship_n increase_v how_o small_a or_o low_o soever_o the_o profit_n be_v to_o private_a man_n it_o be_v a_o infallible_a indication_n that_o the_o nation_n in_o general_n thrive_v for_o i_o dare_v affirm_v and_o that_o catagorical_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n wherever_o trade_n be_v great_a and_o continue_v so_o and_o grow_v daily_o more_o great_a and_o increase_v in_o ship_n and_o that_o for_o a_o succession_n not_o of_o a_o few_o year_n but_o of_o age_n that_o trade_n must_v be_v national_o profitable_a as_o a_o town_n where_o only_o a_o fair_a be_v keep_v if_o every_o year_n the_o number_n of_o people_n and_o commodity_n do_v augment_v that_o town_n however_o the_o market_n be_v will_v gain_v whereas_o if_o there_o come_v still_o few_o and_o few_o peâ—ple_n and_o commodity_n that_o place_n will_v decline_v and_o decay_v discourse_v once_o with_o a_o noble_a lord_n concern_v this_o measure_n or_o method_n of_o know_v the_o balance_n of_o our_o trade_n or_o more_o plain_o our_o general_a national_a gain_v or_o loss_n by_o trade_n his_o lordship_n be_v please_v to_o oppose_v by_o ask_v two_o very_o proper_a question_n viz._n quest._n 1._o be_v there_o not_o a_o great_a similitude_n between_o the_o affair_n of_o a_o private_a person_n and_o of_o a_o nation_n the_o former_a be_v but_o a_o little_a family_n and_o the_o latter_a a_o great_a family_n i_o
young_a person_n which_o be_v never_o before_o at_o sea_n i_o appeal_v to_o the_o reader_n whether_o such_o a_o yearly_a return_n of_o seaman_n abide_v at_o home_n with_o we_o all_o the_o winter_n and_o spend_v their_o money_n here_o which_o they_o get_v in_o their_o summer-fishery_a be_v not_o a_o great_a access_n of_o wealth_n and_o power_n to_o this_o kingdom_n and_o a_o ready_a supply_n for_o his_o majesty_n navy_n upon_o all_o emergency_n 6._o the_o fish_v ship_n yet_o be_v and_o always_o have_v be_v the_o breeder_n of_o seaman_n the_o planter_n and_o boat-keeper_n be_v general_o such_o as_o be_v breed_v and_o become_v expert_a at_o the_o cost_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o fish_v ship_n which_o planter_n and_o boat-keeper_n enter_v very_o few_o new_a or_o green_a man_n 7._o by_o the_o build_n fit_a victual_v and_o repair_v of_o fishing-ship_n multitude_n of_o english_a tradesman_n and_o artificer_n beside_o the_o owner_n and_o seaman_n gain_v their_o subsistence_n whereas_o by_o the_o boat_n which_o the_o planter_n and_o boat-keeper_n build_v or_o use_v at_o newfoundland_n england_n get_v nothing_o object_n but_o against_o all_o that_o i_o have_v say_v those_o that_o contend_v for_o a_o governor_n at_o newfoundland_n object_n 1._o that_o without_o a_o governor_n and_o government_n there_o that_o country_n will_v be_v always_o expose_v to_o the_o surprisal_n of_o the_o french_a or_o any_o foreigner_n that_o shall_v please_v to_o attack_v it_o 2._o that_o the_o disorder_n of_o the_o planter_n which_o i_o complain_v of_o and_o some_o other_o which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o have_v not_o mention_v can_v be_v remedy_v without_o a_o governor_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v first_o that_o when_o we_o can_v preserve_v our_o colony_n by_o our_o ship_n or_o so_o awe_v our_o neighbour_n by_o our_o fleet_n and_o ship_n of_o war_n that_o they_o dare_v not_o attempt_v they_o our_o case_n will_v be_v sad_a and_o our_o propriety_n will_v be_v lose_v or_o in_o eminent_a danger_n not_o only_o abroad_o but_o at_o home_o likewise_o 2_o dly_z all_o the_o fish_n that_o be_v kill_v at_o newfoundland_n in_o a_o summer_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o maintain_v strength_n enough_o on_o shore_n to_o defend_v two_o fish_v harbour_n against_o ten_o man_n of_o war_n whereas_o that_o country_n have_v more_o harbour_n to_o defend_v than_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o old_a england_n 3_o dly_z if_o a_o governor_n be_v establish_v the_o next_o consequence_n will_v be_v a_o tax_n upon_o the_o fish_n and_o the_o least_o tax_n will_v increase_v the_o price_n of_o fish_n and_o that_o unavoidable_o will_v give_v the_o trade_n away_o whole_o into_o the_o french_a hand_n 4_o thly_a a_o government_n there_o be_v already_o of_o ancient_a custom_n among_o the_o master_n of_o the_o fishing-ship_n to_o which_o the_o fisherman_n be_v enure_v and_o that_o free_a from_o oppression_n and_o adapt_v to_o the_o trade_n insomuch_o that_o although_o a_o better_a may_v be_v wish_v i_o never_o hope_v to_o see_v it_o xi_o that_o new-england_n be_v the_o most_o prejudical_a plantation_n to_o this_o kingdom_n i_o be_o now_o to_o write_v of_o a_o people_n who_o frugality_n industry_n and_o temperance_n and_o the_o happiness_n of_o who_o law_n and_o institution_n do_v promise_n to_o themselves_o long_o life_n with_o a_o wonderful_a increase_n of_o people_n riches_n and_o power_n and_o although_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o envy_v that_o virtue_n and_o wisdom_n in_o other_o which_o themselves_o either_o can_v or_o will_v not_o practise_v but_o rather_o to_o commend_v and_o admire_v it_o yet_o i_o think_v it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o every_o good_a man_n primary_o to_o respect_v the_o welfare_n of_o his_o native_a country_n and_o therefore_o though_o i_o may_v offend_v some_o who_o i_o will_v not_o willing_o displease_v i_o can_v omit_v in_o the_o progress_n of_o this_o discourse_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o some_o particular_n wherein_o old_a england_n suffer_v diminution_n by_o the_o growth_n of_o those_o colony_n settle_v in_o new-england_n and_o how_o that_o plantation_n differ_v from_o those_o more_o southerly_a with_o respect_n to_o the_o gain_n or_o loss_n of_o this_o kingdom_n viz._n 1._o all_o our_o american_n plantation_n except_o that_o of_o new-england_n produce_v commodity_n of_o different_a nature_n from_o those_o of_o this_o kingdom_n as_o sugar_n tobacco_n cocoa_n wool_n ginger_n sundry_a sort_n of_o die_a wood_n etc._n etc._n whereas_o new-england_n produce_v general_o the_o same_o we_o have_v here_o viz._n corn_n and_o cattle_n some_o quantity_n of_o fish_n they_o do_v likewise_o kill_v but_o that_o be_v take_v &_o save_v altogether_o by_o their_o own_o inhabitant_n which_o prejudice_v our_o new_a found-land_n trade_n where_o as_o have_v be_v say_v very_o few_o be_v or_o aught_o according_a to_o prudence_n to_o be_v employ_v in_o those_o fishery_n but_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o old_a england_n the_o other_o commodity_n we_o have_v from_o they_o be_v some_o few_o great_a mast_n fur_n and_o train-oyl_n whereof_o the_o yearly_o value_n amount_v to_o very_o little_a the_o much_o great_a value_n of_o return_n from_o thence_o be_v make_v in_o sugar_n cotton_n wool_n tobacco_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n which_o they_o first_o receive_v from_o some_o other_o of_o his_o majesty_n plantation_n in_o barter_n for_o dry_a codfish_n salt_n mackerel_n beef_n pork_n bread_n beer_n flower_n pease_n etc._n etc._n which_o they_o supply_v barbadoes_n jamaica_n etc._n etc._n with_o to_o the_o diminution_n of_o the_o vent_n of_o those_o commodity_n from_o this_o kingdom_n the_o great_a experience_n whereof_o in_o our_o own_o west-india_n plantation_n will_v soon_o be_v find_v in_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o value_n of_o our_o land_n in_o england_n be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o vast_a and_o almost_o incredible_a supply_n those_o colony_n have_v from_o new-england_n 2._o the_o people_n of_o new-england_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o primitive_a charter_n be_v not_o so_o strict_o tie_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n do_v sometime_o assume_v a_o liberty_n of_o trading_n contrary_a to_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n by_o reason_n whereof_o many_o of_o our_o american_n commodity_n especial_o tobacco_n and_o sugar_n be_v transport_v in_o new-english_a ship_n direct_o into_o spain_n and_o other_o foreign_a country_n without_o be_v land_a in_o england_n or_o pay_v any_o duty_n to_o his_o majesty_n which_o be_v not_o only_a loss_n to_o the_o king_n and_o a_o prejudice_n to_o the_o navigation_n of_o old_a england_n but_o also_o a_o total_a exclusion_n of_o the_o old_a english_a merchant_n from_o the_o vent_n of_o those_o commodity_n in_o those_o port_n where_o the_o new-english_a vessel_n trade_n because_o there_o be_v no_o custom_n pay_v on_o those_o commodity_n in_o new-england_n and_o a_o great_a custom_n pay_v upon_o they_o in_o old_a england_n it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o new-english_a merchant_n will_v be_v able_a to_o afford_v his_o commodity_n much_o cheap_a at_o the_o market_n than_o the_o old_a english_a merchant_n and_o those_o that_o can_v sell_v cheap_a will_v infallible_o engross_v the_o whole_a trade_n soon_o or_o late_a 3._o of_o all_o the_o american_n plntation_n his_o majesty_n have_v none_o so_o apt_a for_o the_o build_n of_o ship_n as_o new-england_n nor_o none_o comparable_o so_o qualify_v for_o the_o breed_n of_o seaman_n not_o only_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o natural_a industry_n of_o that_o people_n but_o principal_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o cod_n and_o mackerel_n fishery_n and_o in_o my_o poor_a opinion_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o prejudicial_a and_o in_o prospect_n more_o dangerous_a to_o any_o mother_n kingdom_n than_o the_o increase_n of_o ship_n in_o their_o colony_n plantation_n or_o province_n 4._o the_o people_n that_o evacuate_v from_o we_o to_o barbados_n and_o the_o other_o west-india_n plantation_n as_o be_v before_o hint_v do_v common_o work_v one_o english_a man_n to_o ten_o or_o eight_o black_n and_o if_o we_o keep_v the_o trade_n of_o our_o say_a plantation_n entire_o to_o england_n england_n will_v have_v no_o less_o inhabitant_n but_o rather_o a_o increase_n of_o people_n by_o such_o evacuation_n because_o that_o one_o english_a man_n with_o the_o ten_o black_n that_o work_n with_o he_o account_v what_o they_o eat_v use_v and_o wear_v will_v make_v employment_n for_o four_o man_n in_o england_n as_o be_v say_v before_o whereas_o peradventure_o of_o ten_o man_n that_o issue_n from_o we_o to_o new-england_n &_o ireland_n what_o we_o send_v to_o or_o receive_v from_o they_o do_v not_o employ_v one_o man_n in_o england_n to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n and_o to_o do_v right_a to_o that_o most_o industirous_a english_a colony_n i_o must_v confess_v that_o though_o we_o lose_v by_o their_o unlimited_a trade_n with_o our_o foreign_a plantation_n yet_o we_o be_v very_o great_a gainer_n