gregory_n the_o pope_n have_v appoint_v matthew_n of_o westminster_n say_v that_o merlin_n have_v prophesy_v dignitas_fw-la londoniae_n adornabit_fw-la dorobriniam_fw-la william_n malmesbury_n write_v that_o he_o do_v it_o sedulitate_fw-la regis_fw-la hospitis_fw-la mean_v king_n ethelbert_n &_o châ—ritate_fw-la civium_fw-la captus_fw-la but_o i_o think_v very_o that_o he_o mean_v thereby_o to_o leave_v a_o glorious_a monument_n of_o his_o swell_a pride_n &_o vanity_n whereunto_o i_o be_o the_o rather_o lead_v by_o the_o observation_n of_o his_o stately_a behaviour_n use_v towards_o the_o british_a bishop_n and_o some_o other_o of_o his_o act_n that_o savour_v great_o of_o vainglory_n ambition_n and_o insolence_n whatsoever_o the_o cause_n be_v that_o move_v he_o thus_o to_o apparel_n canterbury_n with_o the_o archebishop_n of_o london_n pall_v at_o canterbury_n have_v it_o continue_v ever_o sithence_o save_v that_o at_o one_o time_n offa_n the_o king_n of_o mercia_n or_o middle_a england_n partly_o of_o a_o disposition_n to_o honour_v his_o own_o country_n and_o partly_o of_o a_o just_a displeasure_n conceive_v against_o lambright_n or_o janbright_n as_o some_o copy_n have_v it_o the_o thirteen_o archebishop_n for_o matter_n of_o treason_n translate_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o see_v either_o whole_o or_o partly_o to_o lichefield_n but_o there_o it_o remain_v not_o long_o for_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n offa_n kenulsus_n his_o successor_n restore_v ethelard_n to_o his_o place_n at_o canterbury_n again_o archbishopric_n the_o whole_a province_n of_o this_o bishopric_n of_o canterbury_n be_v at_o the_o first_o divide_v by_o theodorus_n the_o seven_o bishop_n into_o five_o diocese_n only_o howbeit_o in_o process_n of_o time_n it_o grow_v to_o twenty_o and_o one_o beside_o itself_o leave_v to_o york_n which_o by_o the_o first_o institution_n shall_v have_v have_v as_o many_o as_o it_o but_o durham_n primacy_n carlisle_n and_o chester_n only_o and_o whereas_o by_o the_o same_o ordinance_n of_o gregory_n neither_o of_o these_o archbishop_n ought_v to_o be_v inferior_a to_o other_o save_v only_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o priority_n of_o their_o consecration_n lanfranc_n think_v it_o good_a reason_n that_o he_o shall_v make_v a_o conquest_n of_o the_o english_a clergy_n since_o his_o master_n king_n william_n have_v vanquish_v the_o whole_a nation_n contend_v at_o windsor_n with_o thomas_n norman_n archbishop_n of_o york_n for_o the_o primacy_n and_o there_o by_o judgement_n before_o hugo_n the_o pope_n legate_n recover_v it_o from_o he_o so_o that_o ever_o since_o the_o one_o be_v call_v totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la primas_fw-la and_o the_o other_o angliae_fw-la primas_fw-la without_o any_o further_a addition_n of_o which_o judgement_n one_o forsooth_o have_v yield_v this_o great_a reason_n that_o even_o as_o the_o kentish_a people_n by_o a_o ancient_a prerogative_n of_o manhood_n do_v challenge_v the_o first_o front_n in_o each_o battle_n from_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o other_o country_n so_o the_o archbishop_n of_o their_o shire_n aught_o by_o good_a congruence_n to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n moreover_o whereas_o before_o time_n counsel_n the_o place_n of_o this_o archebishop_n in_o the_o general_a counsel_n be_v to_o sit_v next_o to_o the_o bishop_n of_o saint_n ruffian_n anselmus_fw-la the_o successor_n of_o this_o lanfranc_n for_o recompense_v of_o the_o good_a service_n that_o he_o have_v do_v in_o ruffle_v against_o priest_n wife_n and_o resist_v the_o king_n for_o the_o investiture_n of_o clerk_n be_v by_o pope_n vrbane_n endow_v with_o this_o accession_n of_o honour_n that_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n shall_v from_o thencefoorth_o have_v place_n in_o all_o general_a counsel_n at_o the_o pope_n right_a foot_n who_o then_o say_v withal_o includamus_fw-la hunc_fw-la in_o orbe_fw-la nostro_fw-la tanquam_fw-la alterius_fw-la orbis_fw-la papam_fw-la and_o thus_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n by_o the_o fraud_n of_o augustine_n by_o the_o power_n of_o lanfranc_n and_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o anselme_n be_v much_o exalt_v but_o how_o much_o that_o be_v to_o the_o grievous_a displeasure_n and_o pine_a envy_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n you_o shall_v perceive_v by_o that_o which_o follow_v king_n henry_n the_o first_o keep_v upon_o a_o time_n a_o stately_a christmas_n at_o windsor_n primacy_n where_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o king_n then_o be_v at_o certain_a solemn_a time_n to_o wear_v their_o crown_n thurstine_n of_o york_n have_v his_o cross_n bear_v up_o before_o he_o offer_v to_o set_v the_o crown_n upon_o the_o king_n head_n but_o william_n of_o canterbury_n withstand_v it_o stout_o and_o so_o prevail_v by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o help_n of_o the_o stander_n by_o that_o thurstine_n be_v not_o only_o disappoint_v of_o his_o purpose_n but_o he_o and_o his_o cross_n also_o thrust_v clean_o out_o of_o the_o door_n william_n of_o york_n the_o next_o in_o succession_n after_o thurstine_n both_o in_o the_o see_v and_o quarrel_v perceive_v that_o the_o force_n of_o his_o predecessor_n prevail_v nothing_o attempt_v by_o his_o own_o humble_a mean_n first_o make_v to_o the_o king_n and_o after_o to_o the_o pope_n to_o win_v the_o coronation_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o from_o theobald_n the_o next_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n but_o when_o he_o have_v receive_v repulse_n in_o that_o sort_n of_o suit_n also_o and_o find_v no_o way_n leave_v to_o make_v avengement_n upon_o his_o enemy_n he_o return_v home_o all_o wroth_a and_o mix_v poison_n in_o the_o chalice_n at_o his_o mass_n wreak_v the_o anger_n upon_o himself_o after_o this_o another_o hurley_o burley_z happen_v in_o a_o synod_n assemble_v at_o westminster_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o before_o cardinal_n hugo_n pope_n alexander_n legate_n between_o richard_n and_o roger_n than_o archbishop_n of_o these_o two_o see_v upon_o occasion_n that_o roger_n of_o york_n come_v of_o purpose_n as_o it_o shall_v seem_v first_o to_o the_o assembly_n have_v take_v up_o the_o place_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o cardinal_n which_o when_o richard_n of_o canterbury_n have_v espy_v he_o refuse_v to_o sit_v down_o in_o the_o second_o room_n complain_v great_o of_o this_o prejudice_n do_v to_o his_o see_v whereupon_o after_o sundry_a reply_n of_o speech_n the_o weak_a in_o disputation_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o shrewd_a school_n boy_n in_o london_n street_n descend_v from_o hot_a word_n to_o hasty_a blow_n in_o which_o encounter_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n through_o the_o multitude_n of_o his_o meiney_a obtain_v the_o better_a so_o that_o he_o not_o only_o pluck_v the_o other_o out_o of_o his_o place_n and_o trample_v upon_o his_o body_n with_o his_o his_o foot_n all_o to_o rent_n and_o tear_z his_o casule_n chimer_n and_o rochet_n but_o also_o disturb_v the_o holy_a synod_n therewithal_o in_o such_o wise_n that_o the_o cardinal_n for_o fear_n betake_v he_o to_o his_o foot_n the_o company_n depart_v their_o business_n undo_v and_o the_o bishop_n themselves_o move_v suit_n at_o rome_n for_o the_o finish_n of_o their_o controversy_n by_o these_o &_o such_o other_o success_n on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o bishop_n of_o canterbury_n follow_v take_v such_o courage_n that_o from_o thencefoorth_o they_o will_v not_o permit_v the_o bishop_n of_o york_n to_o bear_v up_o the_o cross_n either_o in_o their_o presence_n or_o province_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o bishop_n of_o york_n conceive_v such_o grief_n of_o heart_n disdain_n and_o offence_n that_o from_o time_n to_o time_n they_o spare_v no_o occasion_n to_o attempt_v both_o the_o one_o &_o the_o other_o whereupon_o in_o the_o time_n of_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o london_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o boniface_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n interdict_v the_o londoner_n because_o they_o have_v suffer_v the_o bishop_n of_o york_n to_o bear_v up_o his_o cross_n while_o he_o be_v in_o the_o city_n and_o much_o to_o do_v there_o be_v within_o a_o few_o year_n after_o between_o robert_n kylwarby_n of_o canterbury_n and_o walter_n giffard_n of_o york_n because_o he_o of_o york_n advance_v his_o cross_n as_o he_o pass_v through_o kent_n towards_o the_o general_a counsel_n the_o like_a happen_v also_o at_o two_o other_o several_a time_n between_o friar_n peckam_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o william_n winkewane_o supremacy_n and_o john_n de_fw-fr roma_n archbishop_n of_o york_n in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o at_o the_o length_n the_o matter_n be_v yet_o once_o more_o set_v on_o foot_n between_o simon_n islepe_o the_o archebishop_n of_o this_o country_n and_o his_o adversary_n the_o incumbent_n of_o york_n for_o that_o time_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o who_o reign_n that_o variance_n be_v revine_z resume_v the_o matter_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o make_v a_o final_a
william_n becley_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o but_o now_o late_o to_o repair_v the_o loss_n of_o that_o dissolution_n master_n roger_n manwoode_n a_o man_n bear_v in_o the_o town_n and_o advance_v by_o virtue_n and_o good_a learning_n to_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o sergeant_n at_o the_o law_n have_v for_o the_o increase_n of_o godliness_n and_o good_a letter_n erect_v and_o endow_v a_o fair_a free_a school_n there_o from_o whence_o there_o be_v hope_n that_o the_o common_a wealth_n shall_v reap_v more_o profit_n after_o a_o few_o year_n than_o it_o receive_v commodity_n by_o the_o carmelite_n since_o the_o time_n of_o their_o first_o foundation_n this_o only_o be_v that_o which_o i_o have_v to_o say_v either_o of_o the_o present_a or_o pass_v estate_n of_o this_o place_n which_o do_v i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o narration_n of_o such_o other_o thing_n as_o long_o since_o happen_v thereabouts_o partly_o for_o the_o illustration_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o town_n &_o partly_o for_o the_o set_v forth_o of_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o haven_n but_o chief_o for_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o order_n which_o i_o have_v beegonne_v which_o be_v to_o pretermit_v nothing_o worthy_a note_n that_o i_o find_v in_o stoarie_a concern_v the_o place_n that_o i_o take_v in_o hand_n but_o because_o that_o which_o i_o have_v to_o say_v depend_v altogether_o or_o for_o the_o great_a part_n upon_o the_o history_n of_o the_o dane_n which_o many_o year_n together_o disquiet_v this_o land_n it_o shall_v be_v fit_n aswell_o for_o the_o better_a explication_n of_o the_o thing_n present_o in_o hand_n as_o also_o for_o the_o more_o easy_a understanding_n of_o other_o matter_n that_o must_v hereafter_o follow_v to_o disclose_v so_o compendious_o as_o i_o may_v the_o first_o beginning_n proceed_v and_o end_v of_o the_o danishe_a affair_n war_n and_o trouble_n within_o this_o realm_n about_o the_o year_n after_o christ_n seven_o hundred_o four_o score_n and_o seven_o england_n three_o vessel_n of_o the_o north_n east_n country_n man_n who_o ancestor_n have_v before_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o year_n sack_v rome_n in_o italy_n four_o several_a time_n and_o who_o offspring_n afterward_o win_v normandy_n from_o the_o french_a king_n show_v themselves_o upon_o the_o western_a shore_n of_o england_n be_v send_v before_o hand_n as_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o espy_v the_o commodity_n of_o the_o haven_n the_o advantage_n of_o arrival_n the_o wealth_n and_o force_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n &_o to_o the_o end_n to_o prepare_v the_o way_n for_o great_a power_n than_o be_v appoin_n to_o follow_v these_o have_v no_o soon_o set_v some_o of_o their_o man_n on_o land_n but_o the_o reeve_n or_o officer_n or_o beorhtricke_n or_o brictricke_v than_o king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n have_v knowledge_n thereof_o who_o come_v unto_o they_o and_o demand_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o arrival_n will_v have_v carry_v they_o to_o the_o king_n presence_n but_o they_o in_o their_o resistance_n slay_v he_o whereupon_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n adjoin_v address_v themselves_o to_o revenge_n and_o assemble_v in_o great_a number_n beat_v they_o back_o to_o their_o ship_n not_o without_o the_o loss_n of_o some_o of_o their_o company_n and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o attempt_n that_o ever_o the_o dane_n for_o so_o our_o history_n call_v by_o one_o general_a name_n the_o dane_n norwais_o gotte_n vandal_n &_o other_o of_o that_o part_n make_v upon_o england_n after_o which_o time_n what_o horrible_a invasion_n misery_n calamity_n and_o oppression_n follow_v shall_v appear_v anon_o not_o long_o after_o this_o enterprise_n a_o few_o ship_n of_o they_o make_v the_o like_a assay_n in_o scotland_n and_o within_o short_a space_n after_o that_o also_o some_o other_o of_o they_o enter_v tynemouth_n haven_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o england_n and_o take_v some_o small_a booty_n return_v to_o their_o vessel_n now_o by_o this_o experiment_n they_o have_v gain_v sufficient_a knowledge_n of_o that_o for_o which_o they_o first_o come_v &_o therefore_o think_v it_o fit_a time_n to_o assay_v further_o they_o rig_v up_o a_o great_a number_a of_o ship_n arm_v more_o store_n of_o choose_a soldier_n enter_v the_o river_n of_o thamise_n with_o five_o and_o thirty_o sail_n land_v in_o despite_n of_o the_o people_n fire_v spoil_v herry_v and_o prevail_v so_o far_o that_o egbert_n who_o then_o have_v the_o monarchy_n over_o all_o england_n be_v fain_o to_o come_v with_o all_o his_o power_n to_o the_o relief_n and_o rescue_n but_o such_o be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n for_o the_o punishment_n of_o idolatry_n and_o superstition_n which_o then_o overwhelm_v this_o realm_n that_o the_o dane_n in_o stead_n of_o be_v discomfit_v by_o the_o king_n repair_n be_v marvelous_o encourage_v by_o his_o misfortune_n for_o after_o that_o they_o have_v once_o get_v the_o better_a in_o the_o field_n against_o he_o they_o be_v so_o emboulden_v thereby_o that_o notwithstanding_o he_o afterward_o and_o some_o other_o valiant_a prince_n follow_v by_o great_a prowess_n abate_v their_o fury_n in_o part_n yet_o adjoin_v themselves_o to_o the_o briton_n that_o then_o be_v in_o great_a enmity_n with_o the_o saxon_n and_o swarm_v hither_o out_o of_o their_o own_o country_n in_o such_o flight_n that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o slay_v be_v continual_o supply_v with_o great_a advantage_n they_o never_o cease_v to_o infest_a the_o realm_n england_n by_o the_o space_n of_o three_o hundred_o year_n and_o more_o during_o the_o reign_v of_o fifteen_o several_a king_n till_o at_o the_o last_o they_o have_v make_v etheldred_n fly_v over_o into_o normandy_n &_o leave_v they_o his_o kingdom_n during_o all_o which_o time_n how_o mighty_o their_o force_n increase_v under_o hinguar_n hubba_n halfden_n guthrum_n aulaf_n and_o hasten_n their_o navy_n be_v rise_v from_o three_o ship_n to_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o at_o the_o least_o how_o piteous_o the_o east_n west_n southe_n and_o north_n part_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v waste_v the_o town_n city_n religious_a house_n and_o monastery_n of_o each_o quarter_n be_v consume_v with_o flame_n how_o miserable_o the_o common_a people_n be_v afflict_v man_n woman_n and_o child_n on_o all_o side_n go_v to_o wrack_n by_o their_o tempestuous_a fury_n how_o marvelous_o the_o king_n be_v amaze_v the_o arrivalle_n of_o these_o their_o enemy_n be_v no_o less_o sudden_a then_o violent_a how_o barbarous_o the_o monument_n of_o good_a learning_n be_v deface_v the_o same_o suffering_n more_o by_o the_o immanity_n of_o this_o one_o brutish_a nation_n then_o by_o all_o the_o war_n and_o conquest_n of_o the_o pict_n &_o scot_n roman_n and_o saxon_n and_o final_o how_o furious_o fire_n and_o sword_n famine_n and_o pestilence_n rage_v in_o every_o place_n god_n and_o man_n heaven_n and_o the_o element_n conspire_v as_o it_o be_v the_o fatal_a destruction_n of_o the_o realm_n i_o may_v not_o here_o stand_v to_o prosecute_v particular_o but_o leave_v each_o thing_n to_o fit_v place_n i_o will_v proceed_v with_o king_n etheldred_n and_o so_o to_o my_o purpose_n this_o man_n above_o all_o other_o be_v so_o distress_v by_o their_o continual_a invasion_n that_o since_o he_o want_v force_n to_o make_v his_o long_a defence_n he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o give_v money_n for_o their_o continual_a peace_n and_o therefore_o charge_v his_o people_n with_o importable_a tribute_n he_o first_o give_v they_o at_o five_o several_a pay_n 113000._o l._n &_o afterward_o promise_v they_o 48000._o yearly_a hope_v that_o for_o asmuch_o as_o they_o seem_v by_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o war_n rather_o to_o seek_v his_o coin_n than_o his_o kingdom_n to_o rob_v then_o to_o rule_v at_o the_o least_o this_o way_n to_o have_v satisfy_v their_o hunger_n but_o like_a as_o the_o stone_n call_v syphinus_n the_o more_o it_o be_v moist_v the_o hard_a it_o wax_v so_o no_o gift_n can_v quench_v the_o golden_a thirst_n of_o these_o greedy_a ravener_n but_o the_o more_o be_v bring_v to_o appease_v they_o the_o more_o stony_a and_o inexorable_a they_o show_v themselves_o never_o cease_v even_o against_o promise_n oath_n &_o hostage_n to_o execute_v their_o accustom_a cruelty_n night_n hereupon_o king_n etheldred_n have_v now_o exhaust_v the_o whole_a treasure_n of_o his_o realm_n and_o therefore_o more_o unable_a then_o ever_o he_o be_v either_o by_o power_n or_o prayer_n to_o help_v himself_o or_o to_o relieve_v his_o subject_n determine_v by_o a_o fine_a policy_n as_o he_o think_v to_o deliver_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o for_o which_o purpose_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o one_o huna_n the_o general_a of_o his_o army_n he_o write_v letter_n to_o each_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n command_v that_o upon_o s._n brices_n day_n which_o be_v the_o morrow_n after_o saint_n
of_o this_o gallant_a bring_v to_o shame_n and_o confusion_n his_o peacock_n feather_n pull_v his_o black_a foot_n bewray_v his_o fraud_n unfold_v his_o might_n abate_v and_o himself_o in_o the_o end_n suffer_v to_o sail_v over_o with_o sorrow_n and_o ignominy_n dover_n beside_o this_o priory_n of_o s._n martin_n which_o be_v value_v at_o a_o hundred_o fourscore_o and_o eight_o pound_n by_o year_n there_o be_v late_o in_o dover_n also_o a_o hospital_n rate_v at_o fifty_o nine_o pound_n a_o other_o house_n of_o the_o same_o sort_n call_v domus_fw-la dei_fw-la or_o maison_n dieu_fw-fr repute_v worth_a one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o pound_n and_o long_o since_o a_o house_n of_o templar_n as_o they_o call_v it_o the_o which_o together_o with_o all_o other_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n throughout_o the_o realm_n be_v suppress_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o the_o foundation_n of_o any_o of_o these_o i_o have_v not_o hitherto_o find_v out_o and_o therefore_o can_v not_o deliver_v thereof_o any_o certainty_n at_o all_o begin_v only_o as_o touch_v this_o temple_n i_o dare_v affirm_v that_o it_o be_v erect_v after_o the_o time_n of_o conquest_n for_o as_o much_o as_o i_o be_o sure_a that_o the_o order_n itself_o be_v invent_v after_o that_o godfrey_n of_o bolein_n have_v win_v jerusalem_n which_o be_v after_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o conqueror_n to_o these_o also_o may_v be_v add_v for_o neighbourhood_n sake_n if_o you_o will_v the_o monastery_n of_o s._n radegundes_o on_o the_o hill_n two_o mile_n off_o value_v at_o fourscore_o and_o eighteen_o pound_n by_o year_n and_o here_o have_v peruse_v the_o town_n castle_n and_o religious_a building_n i_o will_v make_v a_o end_n of_o dover_n save_v that_o mathewe_n parise_n put_v i_o in_o mind_n of_o one_o thing_n not_o unworthy_a rehearsal_n that_o be_v do_v in_o this_o temple_n i_o mean_v the_o seal_n of_o that_o submission_n which_o king_n john_n make_v to_o pandulphe_n the_o pope_n legate_n wherein_o he_o yield_v his_o realm_n tributary_n and_o himself_o a_o obedienciarie_n and_o vassal_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n and_o because_o this_o be_v almost_o the_o last_o act_n of_o the_o whole_a tragedy_n and_o can_v not_o well_o be_v understand_v without_o some_o recourse_n to_o the_o former_a part_n and_o beginning_n and_o for_o that_o some_o man_n of_o late_a time_n have_v take_v great_a hold_n of_o this_o matter_n to_o advance_v the_o pope_n authority_n withal_o i_o will_v short_o after_o my_o manner_n recount_v the_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v do_v and_o leave_v the_o judgement_n to_o the_o indifferent_a reader_n after_o the_o death_n of_o hubert_n the_o archebishop_n of_o canterbury_n the_o monk_n of_o christ_n church_n agree_v among_o themselves_o to_o choose_v for_o their_o bishop_n langton_n reginald_n the_o subpryor_n of_o their_o house_n king_n john_n have_v no_o notice_n of_o this_o election_n wherein_o no_o doubt_n he_o receive_v great_a wrong_n since_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v of_o he_o their_o congee_n desly_o recommend_v unto_o they_o john_n gray_n the_o bishop_n of_o norwiche_n a_o man_n that_o for_o his_o wisdom_n and_o learning_n he_o favour_v much_o some_o part_n of_o the_o monk_n take_v sudden_a offence_n at_o reginald_n for_o that_o he_o have_v disclose_v a_o secret_a out_o of_o their_o house_n and_o be_v glad_a to_o satisfy_v the_o king_n desire_n elect_v this_o gray_n for_o their_o bishop_n also_o hereof_o grow_v a_o great_a suit_n at_o rome_n between_o the_o more_o part_n of_o the_o monk_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o suffragan_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o less_o number_n of_o the_o monk_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o pope_n upon_o the_o hear_n of_o the_o cause_n at_o the_o first_o ratify_v the_o election_n of_o john_n gray_n howbeit_o afterward_o he_o refuse_v both_o the_o elect_n and_o prefer_v stephan_n langton_n who_o the_o monk_n because_o the_o matter_n be_v not_o before_o litigious_a enough_o elect_v also_o now_o king_n john_n hear_v that_o not_o only_o the_o election_n of_o gray_n contrary_a to_o the_o pope_n own_o former_a determination_n be_v make_v frustrate_a but_o that_o there_o be_v also_o thrust_v into_o his_o place_n a_o man_n familiar_o entertain_v by_o the_o french_a king_n his_o great_a enemy_n dislike_v much_o of_o the_o choice_n &_o forbid_v stephan_n the_o elect_a to_o enter_v the_o realm_n the_o pope_n again_o who_o as_o mathewe_n parise_n write_v seek_v chief_o in_o this_o his_o choice_n virum_fw-la strenuum_fw-la a_o stout_a man_n that_o be_v in_o plain_a speech_n a_o man_n that_o can_v exact_v of_o the_o clergy_n keep_v in_o awe_n the_o laity_n and_o encounter_v the_o king_n and_o nobility_n see_v his_o champion_n thus_o reject_v begin_v to_o startle_v for_o anger_n first_o therefore_o he_o move_v the_o king_n by_o minace_a letter_n to_o admit_v stephan_n &_o not_o so_o prevail_a he_o enterdit_v he_o &_o his_o whole_a realm_n and_o final_o both_o provoke_v all_o potentate_n to_o make_v open_a war_n upon_o he_o and_o also_o promise_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n full_a and_o free_a remission_n of_o all_o his_o sin_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n itself_o to_o invade_v he_o this_o do_v he_o solicit_v to_o rebellion_n the_o bishop_n nobility_n and_o commons_n of_o the_o realm_n lose_v they_o by_o the_o plenitude_n of_o his_o apos_n to_o like_a power_n from_o all_o duty_n of_o allegiance_n towards_o their_o prince_n by_o this_o mean_n divine_a service_n cease_v the_o king_n of_o france_n arm_v the_o bishops_z conspire_v the_o nobility_n make_v defection_n and_o the_o common_a people_n waver_v uncertain_a to_o what_o part_n to_o incline_v to_o be_v short_a king_n john_n be_v so_o press_v with_o suspicion_n &_o fear_n of_o domestical_a &_o foreign_a enemy_n on_o all_o side_n that_o notwithstanding_o he_o be_v of_o great_a and_o noble_a courage_n and_o seem_v to_o have_v force_n sufficient_a for_o resistance_n also_o if_o he_o may_v have_v trust_v his_o soldier_n yet_o he_o be_v in_o the_o end_n compel_v to_o set_v his_o seal_n to_o a_o chartre_z of_o submission_n whereby_o he_o acknowlege_v himself_o to_o hold_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n of_o the_o pope_n mitre_n &_o promise_v to_o pay_v yearly_o for_o the_o same_o and_o for_o ireland_n 1000_o mark_v to_o the_o holy_a father_n &_o his_o successor_n for_o ever_o this_o chartre_z because_o it_o be_v afterward_o with_o great_a insultation_n and_o triumph_n close_v in_o gold_n bull._n be_v then_o common_o call_v aurea_n bulla_n the_o bull_n of_o gold_n thus_o omit_v the_o residue_n of_o this_o story_n no_o less_o tragical_a and_o troublesome_a then_o that_o which_o i_o have_v already_o recite_v i_o report_v i_o to_o all_o indifferent_a man_n what_o cause_n paulus_n jovius_fw-la or_o any_o other_o popish_a parasite_n have_v by_o colour_n of_o this_o bull_n to_o claim_v for_o the_o pope_n superiority_n &_o dominion_n over_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n since_o john_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o estate_n i_o mean_v his_o nobility_n and_o commons_n can_v not_o in_o such_o a_o gift_n either_o bind_v his_o successor_n or_o charge_v the_o kingdom_n and_o for_o plain_a declaration_n that_o his_o submission_n proceed_v not_o with_o their_o consent_n i_o read_v in_o a_o treatise_n of_o one_o simon_n de_fw-fr boraston_n a_o friar_n preacher_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o the_o which_o he_o write_v concern_v the_o king_n right_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o ireland_n that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o which_o next_o of_o all_o succeed_v king_n john_n there_o be_v send_v from_o the_o king_n the_o nobility_n and_o the_o commons_n of_o england_n these_o noble_a man_n hugh_n bigod_n john_n fitz_n geffray_n william_n cantlowe_n philip_n basset_n and_o a_o lawyer_n name_v william_n powicke_n to_o the_o general_a counsel_n then_o assemble_v at_o lion_n in_o france_n of_o purpose_n and_o with_o commission_n to_o require_v that_o the_o say_a bull_n seal_v by_o king_n john_n may_v be_v cancel_v for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o pass_v not_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o same_o author_n write_v that_o the_o pope_n for_o that_o time_n do_v put_v they_o of_o by_o colour_n of_o more_o weighty_a affair_n which_o the_o counsel_n have_v then_o in_o hand_n i_o know_v that_o it_o may_v well_o be_v think_v needless_a to_o labour_v further_o in_o confute_v a_o little_a so_o weightles_a for_o it_o be_v true_a that_o aristotle_n say_v stultum_fw-la est_fw-la absurdas_fw-la opiniones_fw-la accuratius_fw-la refellere_fw-la it_o be_v but_o a_o folly_n to_o labour_v over_o curious_o in_o refel_v of_o absurdity_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v here_o conclude_v the_o treatise_n of_o dover_n and_o proceed_v particular_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o place_n that_o lie_v on_o
for_o hy_o ðrittig_fw-mi to_o the_o thither_o same_o place_n for_o they_o thirty_o mancy_n gold_n mark_n of_o gold_n and_o and_o aenne_n one_o sÆ¿eor_n collar_n neckbracelet_n beah_n on_o of_o feoÆ¿ertig_fw-ge forty_o mancysan_fw-fr mark_n and_o and_o a_o one_fw-mi cuppan_n cup_n seolfrene_a of_o silver_n and_o and_o healfne_v a_o half_a head_n band_n cover_v with_o gold_n baend_v gyldenne_n bend_v gild_a and_o and_o caelce_o every_o gear_n year_n to_o at_o heora_n their_o gemind_n mind_n year_n mind_n tÆ¿egra_fw-la two_o daga_fw-la feorme_n day_n ferme_fw-fr from_o rend_a corn_n and_o victual_n of_o of_o haeslholte_n haselholte_n and_o and_o tÆ¿egra_fw-la of_o Æ¿oðringaberan_v and_o ij_o of_o baerlingan_v two_o day_n of_o from_o watringbery_n and_o two_o day_n out_o of_o berling_n and_o ij_o of_o haeringeardesham_n and_o two_o day_n out_o of_o hertesham_n and_o to_o cristes_fw-fr circan_fw-fr and_o to_o christ_n church_n lx_o 60._o mancy_n gold_n mark_n of_o gold_n thirty_o þam_fw-la biscope_n thirty_o to_o the_o bishop_n archebishop_n and_o and_o thirty_o þam_fw-la hirode_n thirty_o to_o the_o covent_n and_o and_o aenne_v a_o sÆ¿eor_n neck_n beah_n bracelet_n collar_n on_o of_o lxxx_o 80._o mancy_n mark_n and_o and_o tÆ¿a_o two_o cuppan_n cup_n seolfrene_a of_o silver_n and_o and_o þaet_fw-la the_o land_n aet_fw-la land_n at_o meapaham_n mepham_n and_o and_o to_o to_o sct._n saint_n augustine_n augustine_n thirty_o 30._o mancy_n mark_n gold_n of_o gold_n and_o and_o ij_o two_o cuppan_n cup_n seolfrene_a of_o silver_n and_o and_o healfne_v half_a a_o baend_v bend_v gyldene_a gilt_n and_o and_o þaet_fw-la the_o land_n land_n aet_fw-la at_o derentan_n darnt_v byrhÆ¿ara_n to_o byrware_v his_o for_o daeg_fw-la his_o life_n day_n and_o and_o after_o after_o hire_n his_o daege_n day_n into_o to_o sct._n saint_n andree_n androes_n for_o for_o unc_fw-la we_o and_o and_o uncre_n our_o yldran_n elder_n ancestor_n and_o and_o barlâ—ngas_fw-la berling_n too_o Æ¿ulfehe_fw-ge wulfee_n and_o and_o he_o he_o sell_v ten_o shall_v give_v a_o hund_n peninga_fw-mi thousand_o penny_n into_o sct._n to_o saint_n andree_n androes_n for_o for_o unc_fw-la we_o and_o and_o uncre_n our_o yldran_n elder_n and_o the_o Æ¿ulfsie_n to_o wulfsie_a Æ¿oðringabiras_n wateringbyrye_a innon_n within_o ê§_n that_o gecind_n kindred_n and_o an_o syrede_v heselholt_n innon_n ê§_n gecende_v to_o syred_a haselholt_n within_o that_o and_o Æ¿ulfege_n and_o aelfege_n and_o to_o wulfei_n and_o elfey_n his_o his_n breðer_n brother_n herigeardesham_n hartesham_n innon_n within_o ê§_n that_o gecind_n kindred_n to_o to_o Æ¿ulfege_n wulfee_n ê§_n the_o inland_n inland_o demean_n and_o and_o aelfege_n to_o elfey_n ê§_n ûtland_o the_o outland_o tenancy_n and_o and_o Æ¿ulfstane_n to_o wulfstane_n uccan_n vcca_n Æ¿olcnestede_n walkenstede_n innon_n within_o ê§_n that_o gecynd_v kindred_n and_o and_o a_o a_o hanðsecs_n hatchet_n dagger_n on_o of_o ðrym_a three_o pundan_n pound_n and_o þa_o tin_n hyda_n on_o straettune_n and_o those_o ten_o plowland_n at_o streiton_n into_o to_o þaem_v the_o minster_n minster_n church_n to_o at_o Æ¿olcnestede_n walkenstede_n and_o ê§_n land_n aet_fw-la fealcanham_n and_o the_o land_n at_o falcham_n after_o after_o byrhÆ¿ara_fw-mi byrwares_n daege_n day_n into_o to_o sct._n saint_n angry_a androes_n for_o for_o aelfric_n elfrice_n hire_v soul_n hlaford_n their_o lord_n and_o his_o yldran_n and_o his_o ancestor_n sÆ¿a_o even_o heora_n as_o their_o cÆ¿ide_n will_v Æ¿ae_n be_v and_o and_o bromleah_n brumley_n aeftre_n after_o brihtÆ¿ara_fw-mi britwares_n daege_n into_o day_n to_o life_n sct._n saint_n andree_n androes_n sÆ¿a_o as_o aelfric_n elfric_n hire_v their_o hlaford_n lord_n it_o hit_v becÆ¿aeð_n bequeath_v for_o for_o hine_n he_o and_o and_o his_o yldran_n his_o elder_n ancestor_n and_o and_o snodingeland_n snodland_n eac_n also_o into_o to_o s._n andree_n aeftre_n hire_v daege_n sÆ¿a_o aelfere_o hit_v becÆ¿aeð_n saint_n androes_n after_o their_o day_n even_o as_o elfere_v it_o bequeath_v aelfrice_n faeder_n and_o he_o seoðan_v on_o geÆ¿itnesse_v eadgife_n be_v elfrice_n father_n and_o he_o afterward_o in_o the_o witness_n hear_v presence_n of_o edgive_a ðaere_n the_o hlaefdian_n lady_n and_o and_o odan_n of_o odo_n aercebisceopes_n the_o archebishop_n and_o and_o aelfege_n of_o elfey_n aelfstanes_n elfstanes_n sunu_n son_n and_o and_o aelfrice_n of_o elfric_n his_o his_n broðor_a brother_n and_o and_o aelfnoþe_v pilian_n of_o elfnothe_v pilia_fw-la and_o godÆ¿ines_fw-la aet_fw-la faecham_n and_o of_o godwine_n of_o facham_n and_o and_o of_o eadrices_n eadric_n aet_fw-la of_o ho._n ho_o and_o and_o aelfsy_n of_o elfsie_a the_o preoste_n priest_n on_o of_o crogdaene_n croyden_n and_o the_o Æ¿ulfstane_n to_o wulfstane_n lx_o 60._o mancas_fw-la mark_n gold_n of_o gold_n to_o to_o daelanne_v deal_n for_o for_o unc_fw-la we_o and_o and_o uncre_n our_o yldran_n and_o elder_n and_o oðer_o other_o sÆ¿ile_n such_o 60._o mark_n Æ¿ulfsige_v to_o wulfsie_a to_o to_o daelanne_v deal_v between_o god_n and_o they_o be_v it_o and_o and_o haebban_n have_v heom_o they_o Æ¿ið_n with_o god_n god_n gemaene_n together_o give_v if_o hy_o they_o hit_v it_o ne_o do_v do_v not_o and_o and_o Æ¿ulfsige_fw-la tydices_fw-la egg_n to_o wulfsie_n titaesey_n and_o and_o ðam_fw-la boc_fw-la the_o write_a innon_n within_o ê§_n that_o gecind_n kindred_n &_o ij_o spuran_fw-mi on_o iij_o pundan_n and_o ic_fw-mi bid_v and_o two_o spur_n of_o three_o pound_n and_o i_o pray_v for_o for_o god_n god_n lufan_n love_n minne_v my_o dear_a leofan_n leefe_fw-mi hlaford_n ê§_n he_o ne_o lord_n that_o he_o do_v not_o þafige_fw-la suffer_v ê§_n aenig_a man_n uncerne_v cÆ¿ide_n aÆ¿ende_v that_o any_o man_n our_o testament_n do_v break_v turn_v aside_o and_o and_o ic_fw-mi i_o bid_v pray_v ealle_fw-mi all_o god_n god_n freond_a friend_n ê§_n he_o Æ¿hrto_o filstan_n that_o they_o thereto_o help_v haebbe_n Æ¿ið_n god_n gaemaene_n Æ¿e_v hit_v brece_n &_o god_n have_v they_o it_o with_o god_n together_o between_o they_o and_o god_n be_v it_o that_o it_o do_v break_v and_o god_n sy_v he_o symle_v mild_a þe_v hit_v healdan_n be_v to_o they_o always_o mild_a merciful_a that_o it_o hold_v keep_v Æ¿ille_fw-fr will._n it_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o matter_n worthy_a observation_n in_o this_o testament_n time_n that_o i_o have_v already_o point_a at_o they_o with_o the_o finger_n as_o it_o be_v for_o that_o they_o appear_v and_o show_v themselves_o manifest_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n only_o therefore_o touch_v the_o estate_n and_o degree_n of_o this_o testator_n i_o will_v for_o the_o more_o light_n and_o discovery_n thereof_o borrow_v a_o few_o word_n of_o you_o he_o himself_o here_o call_v aelfric_n his_o lord_n &_o natural_a lord_n &_o say_v further_o that_o aelfere_o be_v father_n to_o this_o aelfric_n now_o what_o aelfere_n &_o aelfric_n be_v it_o be_v not_o hard_a to_o find_v for_o all_o our_o ancient_a hystorian_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n edgar_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o martyr_n &_o of_o king_n ethelred_n these_o man_n be_v by_o birth_n cousines_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a by_o state_n eorles_n which_o word_n we_o yet_o retain_v in_o english_a and_o which_o we_o common_o call_v comites_fw-la in_o latin_a for_o that_o at_o the_o first_o they_o be_v partner_n and_o companion_n as_o i_o may_v say_v with_o the_o king_n in_o take_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o shire_n or_o county_n that_o they_o be_v also_o by_o dignity_n ealdorman_n that_o be_v senators_z and_o governor_n of_o all_o mercia_n or_o middle_a england_n and_o final_o that_o they_o be_v of_o such_o great_a power_n and_o credit_n that_o alfer_v the_o father_n immediate_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n edgar_n restore_v all_o such_o priest_n throughout_o middle_a england_n to_o their_o house_n as_o the_o king_n by_o advice_n of_o dunstane_n the_o monk_n have_v in_o his_o life_n expulse_v for_o the_o place_v of_o his_o monk_n and_o that_o aelfric_n the_o son_n resist_v king_n ethelred_n in_o that_o siege_n of_o rochester_n whereof_o you_o hear_v when_o we_o be_v there_o for_o as_o much_o therefore_o as_o aelfric_n be_v hlaford_n or_o lord_n to_o our_o testator_n and_o that_o hlaford_n and_o ðegn_n that_o be_v to_o say_v lord_n and_o seruiteur_fw-fr be_v word_n of_o relation_n i_o gather_v that_o he_o be_v ðegn_n which_o signify_v proper_o a_o minister_n or_o free_a seruiteur_fw-fr to_o the_o king_n or_o some_o great_a personage_n but_o usual_o at_o those_o time_n take_v for_o the_o very_a same_o that_o we_o call_v now_o of_o the_o latin_a word_n gentilis_fw-la a_o gentleman_n that_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o man_n well_o bear_v or_o of_o a_o good_a stock_n and_o family_n neither_o do_v it_o detract_v any_o thing_n from_o his_o gentry_n at_o all_o that_o i_o say_v he_o be_v a_o minister_n or_o seruiteur_fw-fr for_o i_o mean_v not_o thereby_o that_o he_o be_v servus_n which_o word_n straight_o
imprison_v not_o the_o bishop_n of_o borieux_n but_o the_o earl_n of_o kent_n the_o king_n like_v well_o the_o conceit_n and_o cause_v odo_n to_o be_v apprehend_v cast_v he_o into_o prison_n whence_o he_o be_v not_o deliver_v during_o all_o the_o time_n of_o his_o reign_n that_o do_v he_o make_v diligent_a inquisition_n for_o the_o hourde_n of_o gold_n and_o by_o fear_n of_o torture_n cause_v the_o bishop_n servant_n to_o bewray_v the_o whole_a treasure_n castlegard_n then_o also_o take_v he_o new_a order_n for_o the_o government_n of_o this_o shire_n and_o because_o he_o be_v persuade_v that_o nothing_o within_o the_o same_o be_v of_o more_o importance_n than_o dover_n castell_n he_o seize_v it_o into_o his_o hand_n forthwith_o fortify_v it_o and_o choose_v out_o a_o noble_a man_n call_v john_n fynes_z of_o who_o prowess_n and_o fidelity_n he_o have_v make_v good_a trial_n and_o commit_v unto_o he_o not_o only_o the_o custody_n thereof_o but_o the_o government_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o port_n also_o by_o gift_n of_o inheritance_n he_o name_v he_o constable_n of_o dover_n and_o warden_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr portes_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v of_o sufficient_a ability_n to_o bear_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o defence_n thereof_o he_o give_v he_o to_o the_o number_n of_o six_o and_o fifty_o knight_n fee_n of_o land_n and_o possession_n will_v he_o to_o communicate_v some_o part_n of_o that_o gift_n to_o such_o other_o valiant_a and_o trusty_a person_n as_o he_o shall_v best_o like_v of_o for_o the_o more_o sure_a conservation_n of_o that_o his_o most_o noble_a and_o precious_a piece_n he_o according_o call_v unto_o he_o eight_o other_o worthy_a knight_n and_o impart_v liberal_o unto_o they_o of_o that_o which_o he_o have_v receive_v of_o the_o king_n bind_v they_o by_o tenure_n of_o their_o land_n receive_v of_o the_o king_n to_o maintain_v one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o soldier_n amongst_o they_o which_o number_n he_o so_o divide_v by_o month_n of_o the_o year_n that_o five_o and_o twenty_o be_v continual_o to_o watch_v and_o ward_n within_o the_o castle_n for_o their_o several_a stinte_n of_o time_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n ready_a at_o commandment_n upon_o whatsoever_o necessity_n the_o name_n of_o these_o eight_o be_v william_n of_o albrance_n fulbert_n of_o dover_n william_n arsicke_n galfride_n peverell_n william_n maynemouth_n robert_n porthe_o robert_n crevequer_n call_v in_o the_o latin_a record_n de_fw-fr crepito_fw-la cord_n that_o be_v crack_v heart_n and_o adam_n fitz_n williams_n each_o of_o all_o which_o have_v their_o several_a charge_n in_o sundry_a tower_n turret_n &_o bulwork_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o be_v content_v of_o their_o own_o dispense_n to_o maintain_v and_o repair_v the_o same_o in_o token_n whereof_o diverse_a of_o they_o bear_v the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o these_o new_a choose_a captain_n even_o till_o this_o our_o present_a time_n and_o thus_o dover_n be_v dispatch_v of_o a_o busy_a bishop_n fence_v by_o the_o king_n appointment_n furnish_v fraught_v and_o plant_v with_o a_o most_o faithful_a constable_n vigilant_a captain_n and_o diligent_a warder_n gain_v and_o retain_v the_o opinion_n and_o name_n of_o a_o most_o important_a commodious_a and_o necessary_a piece_n not_o only_o with_o the_o native_a prince_n and_o nobility_n of_o our_o own_o realm_n but_o also_o with_o such_o foreign_a potentate_n as_o have_v war_n and_o contention_n with_o we_o in_o so_o much_o as_o in_o sundry_a trouble_n ensue_v at_o sundry_a time_n afterward_o within_o this_o realm_n it_o do_v plain_o appear_v that_o this_o castle_n be_v the_o chief_a mark_n whereat_o each_o man_n direct_v his_o shot_n for_o king_n stephan_n castell_n in_o the_o contention_n that_o arise_v between_o he_o and_o maude_n the_o empress_n for_o the_o title_n of_o the_o crown_n think_v that_o no_o one_o thing_n stand_v he_o more_o in_o hand_n then_o to_o get_v the_o possession_n of_o dover_n castell_n and_o therefore_o he_o never_o cease_v to_o solicit_v walkelm_n that_o they_o have_v the_o custody_n thereof_o till_o he_o have_v obtain_v it_o lewes_n also_o the_o french_a dolphin_n which_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o the_o pope_n &_o invitate_v of_o the_o nobility_n invade_v king_n john_n upon_o such_o cause_n as_o shall_v hereafter_o appear_v have_v gain_v partly_o by_o tenure_n &_o partly_o by_o surrender_n of_o the_o baron_n that_o be_v of_o his_o faction_n almost_o all_o the_o castle_n and_o hold_v lie_v on_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o realm_n can_v not_o yet_o think_v himself_o assure_v unless_o he_o have_v dover_n also_o for_o his_o father_n philipe_n hear_v that_o he_o have_v the_o possession_n of_o sundry_a other_o strong_a place_n and_o that_o he_o want_v dover_n swear_v by_o saint_n james_n arm_n which_o be_v his_o accustom_a oath_n that_o he_o have_v not_o gain_v one_o foot_n in_o england_n and_o therefore_o he_o make_v thither_o with_o all_o his_o power_n and_o besiege_v it_o straight_o but_o that_o noble_a captain_n hubert_n of_o borroughe_n captain_n of_o who_o i_o late_o speak_v which_o be_v in_o his_o time_n constable_n of_o the_o castle_n warden_n of_o the_o port_n earl_n of_o kent_n and_o chief_a justice_n of_o all_o england_n defend_v it_o with_o such_o courageous_a constancy_n that_o it_o be_v both_o a_o comfort_n to_o the_o english_a subject_n and_o a_o wonder_n to_o the_o french_a enemy_n to_o behold_v it_o in_o so_o much_o as_o i_o can_v not_o worthy_o impute_v the_o delivery_n of_o this_o realm_n from_o the_o peril_n of_o foreign_a servitude_n wherein_o it_o then_o stand_v to_o any_o one_o thing_n so_o much_o as_o to_o the_o magnanimity_n of_o this_o man_n of_o who_o also_o by_o the_o way_n i_o think_v good_a to_o tell_v you_o this_o that_o in_o his_o time_n of_o constableship_n at_o dover_n and_o by_o his_o mean_n the_o service_n of_o castlegarde_n there_o which_o have_v contain_v as_o i_o show_v before_o from_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n be_v with_o the_o assent_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o convert_v into_o a_o payment_n of_o money_n the_o land_n be_v charge_v with_o ten_o shilling_n for_o every_o warder_n that_o it_o be_v bind_v to_o find_v and_o the_o owner_n thereby_o discharge_v of_o their_o personal_a service_n and_o attendance_n for_o ever_o at_o which_o time_n also_o he_o cause_v the_o same_o king_n to_o release_v by_o his_o free_a chartre_z the_o custom_n of_o forage_v due_a to_o this_o castle_n and_o that_o do_v himself_o institute_v new_a law_n amongst_o the_o watcheman_n and_o increase_v the_o number_n of_o the_o warder_n but_o now_o to_o my_o purpose_n again_o simon_n the_o earl_n of_o leycester_n and_o leader_n of_o the_o baron_n war_n against_o king_n henry_n the_o third_o even_o at_o the_o first_o wrest_v the_o castle_n of_o dover_n out_o of_o the_o king_n possession_n and_o keep_v the_o same_o during_o all_o his_o life_n use_v to_o send_v thither_o as_o unto_o a_o place_n of_o most_o assurance_n all_o such_o as_o he_o have_v take_v prisoner_n after_o his_o overthrow_n edward_n than_o prince_n and_o afterward_o the_o first_o king_n of_o that_o name_n assail_v it_o with_o all_o speed_n and_o by_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o prisoner_n within_o which_o have_v take_v the_o great_a tower_n to_o his_o use_n obtain_v it_o there_o leave_v he_o prison_v guy_n the_o son_n of_o this_o simon_n but_o he_o escape_v soon_o after_o by_o corruption_n of_o his_o keeper_n to_o make_v a_o end_n the_o nobility_n of_o that_o time_n be_v full_o persuade_v that_o both_o the_o safety_n and_o danger_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n consist_v in_o this_o one_o castle_n and_o therefore_o say_v mathewe_n parise_n at_o such_o time_n as_o king_n henry_n the_o third_o call_v over_o from_o beyond_o the_o sea_n his_o own_o brother_n richard_n than_o king_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o noble_a man_n who_o have_v he_o in_o some_o jealousy_n will_v not_o agree_v that_o he_o or_o any_o of_o he_o shall_v once_o enter_v within_o this_o castle_n not_o without_o good_a cause_n therefore_o have_v dover_n by_o great_a preeminence_n be_v report_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o five_o port_n assign_v by_o law_n of_o parliament_n as_o a_o special_a place_n for_o passage_n and_o exchange_n and_o by_o ancient_a tenure_n acknowledge_v for_o lady_n and_o mistress_n of_o many_o manor_n to_o it_o always_o some_o man_n of_o great_a appearance_n be_v appoint_v as_o captain_n and_o governor_n to_o it_o sundry_a gentleman_n of_o the_o shire_n pay_v yet_o money_n for_o the_o ancient_a duty_n of_o their_o attendance_n and_o service_n and_o to_o it_o sinal_o the_o country_n man_n in_o all_o time_n of_o trouble_n have_v a_o especial_a eye_n and_o regard_n castell_n as_o concern_v the_o maintenance_n of_o this_o castle_n in_o fortification_n and_o building_n i_o find_v not_o
and_o of_o burhham_n burham_n &_o and_o of_o of_o acclesse_a acclesse_a &_o and_o of_o of_o horstede_n horstede_n &_o of_o fearnlege_n and_o of_o farley_n &_o of_o terstane_n and_o of_o teston_n &_o of_o cealce_a and_o of_o chalk_n &_o of_o hennhyste_n and_o of_o henhyrst_n &_o of_o and_o of_o aedune_n edon_n ðonne_v then_o be_v be_v seo_fw-la the_o five_o five_o per_fw-la paes_fw-la peer_n the_o arcebiscope_n archbishop_n to_o Æ¿roteham_n to_o wrotham_n &_o to_o maegþanstane_n and_o to_o maydstone_n &_o to_o and_o to_o Æ¿oþringebyran_n wateringbyrie_a &_o to_o netlestede_n and_o to_o nettlested_n &_o to_o þam_n and_o to_o the_o tÆ¿am_n peccham_n two_o peckam_n &_o to_o haeselholte_n and_o to_o haselholte_n &_o to_o maeranÆ¿yrþe_v and_o to_o mereworth_n &_o to_o lillanburnan_n and_o to_o layborne_n &_o to_o sÆ¿anatune_n and_o to_o swanton_n &_o to_o offaham_n and_o to_o ofham_n &_o to_o dictune_n and_o to_o dytton_n &_o to_o Æ¿esterham_n and_o to_o westerham_n &_o iiij_o gyrda_fw-mi to_o þillanne_n and_o four_o yard_n to_o plank_n &_o iij._n sylle_n to_o and_o 3._o plate_n to_o leccanne_v lie_v ðonne_v then_o be_v be_v syo_n the_o seoxte_v six_o per_n peer_n to_o to_o holingaburnan_n holingborne_n &_o to_o and_o to_o eallan_n all_o þam_n laeþe_n that_o lath_z &_o iiij_o gyrda_fw-mi to_o þelliene_n and_o four_o yard_n to_o plank_n &_o iiij_o sulla_o to_o leccenne_n and_o four_o plate_n to_o lay_v ðonne_v then_o be_v be_v syo_n the_o syoveþe_n seven_o &_o syo_n eahteþe_v per._n and_o the_o eight_o peer_n to_o hoÆ¿aran_n land_n to_o the_o man_n of_o hoo_n to_o to_o Æ¿yrcenne_n work_v &_o fyfte_fw-mi and_o four_o healf_n gird_v to_o þillanne_v yard_n and_o a_o half_a to_o plank_n &_o vj._n sulla_o to_o and_o six_o plate_n to_o lyccanne_v lay_v ðonne_v then_o be_v be_v syo_n the_o nigaþa_n nine_o per_fw-la peer_n þaes_fw-la the_o aercebiscope_n archbishop_n ê§_n be_v syo_n land_n per_fw-la aet_fw-la þam_fw-la that_o be_v the_o land_n peer_n at_o the_o Æ¿_a west_n aende_v end_n to_o to_o fliote_n fleet_n &_o to_o his_o clyfe_n and_o to_o his_o cliff_n bishop_n cliff_n &_o to_o hehham_n and_o to_o higham_n &_o to_o and_o to_o denetune_n denton_n and_o and_o to_o to_o melantune_v mâ—lton_n and_o and_o to_o to_o hludesdune_n ludsdowne_n and_o and_o to_o to_o meapeham_n mepham_n and_o and_o to_o to_o snodilande_n snodland_n and_o and_o to_o to_o berlingan_v berling_n and_o and_o to_o to_o peadlesÆ¿yrðe_v paddelsworthe_n and_o and_o ealla_fw-la ða_fw-la daeneÆ¿aru_fw-la to_o all_o that_o valley_n man_n and_o iiij_o gyrda_fw-mi to_o ðillianne_n and_o four_o yard_n to_o plank_n and_o and_o ðryo_n three_o sylle_v plate_n to_o leccanne_v to_o lay_v haec_fw-la descriptio_fw-la demonstrate_v apertè_fw-la unde_fw-la debeat_fw-la pons_fw-la de_fw-la rovecestra_fw-la restaurari_fw-la quotÃens_fw-la fuerit_fw-la fractus_fw-la primum_fw-la eiusdem_fw-la civitatis_fw-la episcopus_fw-la incipit_fw-la operari_fw-la in_o orientali_fw-la brachio_n primam_fw-la peram_fw-la de_fw-la terra_fw-la deinde_fw-la tres_fw-la virgatas_fw-la plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o tres_fw-la sulivas_fw-la 1._o tres_fw-la magnas_fw-la trabes_fw-la supponere_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la faciet_fw-la de_fw-la borchastalle_n &_o de_fw-fr cuclestana_n &_o de_fw-fr freondesbiria_n &_o de_fw-fr stoche_n secunda_fw-la pera_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ad_fw-la gillingeham_n &_o ad_fw-la caetham_fw-la &_o unam_fw-la virgatam_fw-la plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o 3._o sulivas_fw-la supponere_fw-la tertia_fw-la pera_fw-la pertinet_fw-la iterum_fw-la ad_fw-la episcopum_fw-la eiusdem_fw-la civitatis_fw-la qui_fw-la debet_fw-la 2._o uÃrgatas_fw-la &_o dÃmid_n plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o 3._o sulivas_fw-la supponere_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la fiet_fw-la de_fw-la heallinge_n trottesclive_a meallinge_n suthfleote_n stanes_n pinnendene_n &_o falceham_n quarta_fw-la pera_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ad_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o debet_fw-la 3._o virgat_fw-la &_o dimid_n plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o 3._o sulivas_fw-la supponere_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la fiet_fw-la de_fw-la eilesforda_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr toto_fw-la illo_fw-la laesto_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la illud_fw-la manerium_fw-la pertinet_fw-la &_o de_fw-la supermontaneis_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr aclea_n &_o de_fw-fr smalaland_n &_o the_o cusintune_v &_o de_fw-fr dudesland_n &_o the_o gisleardes_n land_n &_o de_fw-fr wulâ—cham_n &_o de_fw-fr burham_n &_o the_o aclesse_a horsteda_n fearnlega_n terstane_n cealca_n henhersta_n &_o the_o hathdune_n quinta_fw-la pera_fw-la est_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la &_o debet_fw-la 4._o virgat_fw-la plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o 3._o sulivas_fw-la summittere_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la debet_fw-la fieri_fw-la de_fw-la wrotham_n maedestana_n oteringaberiga_n netlesteda_n duabus_fw-la peccham_n haeselholt_n maerewurtha_n lilleburna_fw-la swanatuna_fw-la offeham_n dictuna_n &_o westerham_n sexta._fw-la pera_fw-la debet_fw-la fieri_fw-la de_fw-la holingburna_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr toto_fw-la illo_fw-la laesto_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la pertinet_fw-la 4._o virgat_fw-la plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o 3._o fulivas_fw-la supponere_fw-la septimam_fw-la &_o octavam_fw-la peram_fw-la debent_fw-la facere_fw-la homines_fw-la de_fw-la how_o &_o 4._o &_o dimid_a virgat_fw-la plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o sex_n sulivas_fw-la supponere_fw-la nona_fw-la pera_fw-la quae_fw-la ultima_fw-la est_fw-la in_fw-la occidentali_fw-la brachio_n est_fw-la iterum_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la 4._o virgat_fw-la plancas_fw-la ponere_fw-la &_o tres_fw-la sulivas_fw-la summittere_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la debet_fw-la fieri_fw-la de_fw-la northfleta_n cliva_fw-la heahham_n denituna_n meletuna_fw-la hludesduna_n meapeham_n snodilanda_n berlinge_n peadleswrthe_n &_o de_fw-fr omnibus_fw-la illis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la qui_fw-la manent_fw-la in_o illa_fw-la valle_o et_fw-la sciendum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la illae_fw-la sulivae_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o ponte_fw-la illo_fw-la ponentur_fw-la tantae_fw-la grossitudinis_fw-la debent_fw-la esse_fw-la ut_fw-la bene_fw-la possint_fw-la sustinere_fw-la omne_fw-la gravia_fw-la pondera_fw-la superiacentium_fw-la plancarum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la desuper_fw-la transeuntium_fw-la rerum_fw-la by_o these_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o this_o ancient_a bridge_n consist_v of_o nine_o arch_n or_o peer_n &_o contain_v in_o length_n about_o twenty_o and_o six_o rod_n or_o yard_n as_o they_o be_v here_o term_v towards_o the_o reparation_n and_o maintenance_n whereof_o diverse_a person_n parcel_n of_o land_n and_o township_n as_o you_o see_v be_v of_o duty_n bind_v to_o bring_v stuff_n &_o to_o bestow_v both_o cost_n &_o labour_n in_o lay_v it_o this_o duty_n grow_v either_o by_o tenure_n or_o custom_n or_o both_o &_o it_o seem_v that_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n and_o proportion_n of_o the_o land_n to_o be_v charge_v the_o carriage_n also_o be_v either_o more_o or_o less_o for_o here_o be_v express_a mention_n not_o of_o town_n and_o manor_n only_o but_o of_o yoke_n and_o acre_n also_o which_o be_v contributory_a to_o the_o aid_n of_o carry_v pitch_v and_o lay_v of_o pile_n plank_n and_o other_o great_a timber_n and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o work_n as_o arise_v of_o stone_n and_o earth_n be_v call_v pera_n of_o the_o latin_a word_n petra_n that_o the_o great_a ground_n post_n plate_n or_o beam_n be_v term_v sullivae_fw-la of_o the_o old_a saxon_a word_n sylle_n which_o we_o yet_o every_o where_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o ground_n sille_n and_o that_o the_o table_n or_o board_n which_o be_v lay_v over_o they_o be_v name_v plancae_n or_o plank_n as_o we_o yet_o also_o in_o our_o vulgar_a language_n do_v sound_v it_o but_o now_o in_o our_o time_n by_o reason_n that_o diverse_a land_n be_v purposely_o give_v to_o maintain_v the_o new_a bridge_n all_o this_o ancient_a duty_n of_o reparation_n be_v quite_o and_o clean_o forget_v although_o by_o the_o statute_n 21._o and_o 2._o the_o forename_a land_n remain_v liable_a as_o before_o yea_o and_o the_o new_a bridge_n itself_o also_o for_o want_n of_o the_o execution_n of_o that_o or_o some_o other_o such_o politic_a way_n of_o maintenance_n both_o present_o lack_v help_v and_o be_v like_o hereafter_o if_o remedy_n in_o time_n be_v not_o apply_v to_o decline_v to_o great_a ruin_n and_o decay_v which_o thing_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o to_o be_v foresee_v and_o pity_v as_o that_o the_o work_n be_v to_o the_o founder_n a_o noble_a monument_n to_o this_o city_n a_o beautiful_a ornament_n and_o to_o the_o whole_a country_n a_o great_a benefit_n commodity_n and_o easement_n of_o this_o latter_a work_n be_v not_o much_o above_o eight_o score_n year_n of_o age_n sir_n robert_n knolles_n a_o man_n advance_v by_o valiant_a behaviour_n captain_n and_o good_a service_n under_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o from_o a_o common_a soldier_n to_o a_o most_o commendable_a captain_n be_v the_o first_o author_n who_o after_o that_o he_o have_v be_v send_v general_n of_o a_o army_n into_o france_n and_o there_o in_o despite_n of_o all_o their_o power_n have_v drive_v the_o people_n like_o sheep_n before_o he_o waste_v burn_a and_o destroy_v town_n castle_n church_n monastery_n and_o city_n in_o such_o wise_a and_o number_n that_o long_o after_o in_o memory_n of_o his_o act_n the_o sharp_a point_n and_o gable_n end_n
of_o overthrow_v house_n and_o minster_n be_v call_v knolles_n mitre_n he_o return_v into_o england_n and_o mean_v some_o way_n to_o make_v himself_o as_o well_o belove_v of_o his_o country_n man_n at_o home_n as_o he_o have_v be_v every_o way_n dread_a and_o fear_v of_o stranger_n abroad_o by_o great_a policy_n master_v the_o river_n of_o medwey_n and_o of_o his_o own_o charge_n make_v over_o it_o the_o goodly_a work_n that_o now_o stand_v with_o a_o chapel_n &_o chantry_n at_o the_o end_n &_o die_v full_o of_o year_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o stroude_a ancient_o call_v strodes_n of_o the_o saxon_a word_n strogd_v which_o signify_v scatter_v because_o it_o be_v a_o hamlet_n of_o a_o few_o house_n that_o lie_v scatter_v from_o the_o city_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o hospital_n gilbert_n glanuille_n the_o bishop_n of_o rochester_n of_o who_o you_o have_v already_o hear_v found_v a_o hospital_n at_o stroude_a which_o he_o dedicate_v to_o the_o name_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n and_o endow_v with_o livelyhode_n to_o the_o value_n of_o fifty_o and_o two_o pound_n by_o year_n a_o name_n or_o family_n of_o man_n tail_n sometime_o inhabit_v stroude_a say_v polydore_v have_v tail_n clap_v to_o their_o breech_n by_o thomas_n becket_n for_o revenge_n and_o punishment_n of_o a_o despite_n do_v to_o he_o in_o cut_v of_o the_o tail_n of_o his_o horse_n the_o author_n of_o the_o new_a legend_n say_v that_o after_o saint_n thomas_n have_v excommunicate_v two_o brother_n call_v brocke_n for_o the_o same_o cause_n that_o the_o dog_n under_o the_o table_n will_v not_o once_o take_v bread_n at_o their_o hand_n such_o belike_o be_v the_o virtue_n of_o his_o curse_n that_o it_o give_v to_o brute_n beast_n a_o discretion_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o person_n that_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o it_o boetius_fw-la the_o scotishe_a chronicler_n write_v that_o the_o like_a plague_n light_v upon_o the_o man_n of_o midleton_n in_o dorsetshyre_n who_o because_o they_o throw_v fish_n tail_n in_o great_a contempt_n at_o saint_n augustine_n be_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n strike_v with_o tail_n to_o their_o perpetual_a infamy_n and_o punishment_n all_o which_o their_o report_n no_o doubt_n be_v as_o true_a as_o ouide_v history_n of_o diana_n that_o in_o great_a anger_n bestow_v on_o actaeon_n a_o dee_a head_n with_o mighty_a brow_n anthler_n much_o be_v the_o western_a man_n bind_v as_o you_o see_v to_o polydore_v who_o take_v the_o miracle_n from_o augustine_n appli_v it_o to_o s._n thomas_n and_o remove_v the_o infamous_a revenge_n from_o dorsetshyre_n lay_v it_o upon_o our_o man_n of_o kent_n but_o little_a be_v kent_n or_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n beholdding_n either_o to_o he_o or_o his_o fellow_n who_o amongst_o they_o have_v bring_v upon_o we_o this_o ignominy_n &_o note_n with_o other_o nation_n abroad_o that_o many_o of_o they_o believe_v as_o very_o that_o we_o have_v long_a tail_n &_o be_v monster_n by_o nature_n as_o other_o man_n have_v their_o due_a part_n and_o member_n in_o usual_a number_n polydore_v the_o wise_a of_o the_o company_n fear_v that_o issue_n may_v be_v take_v upon_o the_o matter_n queen_n ascribe_v it_o to_o one_o special_a stock_n and_o family_n which_o he_o name_v not_o and_o yet_o to_o leave_v it_o the_o more_o uncertain_a he_o say_v that_o that_o family_n also_o be_v wear_v out_o long_o since_o and_o show_v not_o when_o and_o thus_o affirm_v he_o can_v tell_v of_o who_o nor_o when_o he_o go_v about_o in_o great_a earnest_n as_o in_o sundry_a other_o thing_n to_o make_v the_o world_n believe_v he_o can_v tell_v what_o he_o have_v forget_v the_o law_n whereunto_o a_o hystorian_n be_v bind_v ne_o quid_fw-la falsi_fw-la audeat_fw-la ne_fw-la quid_fw-la very_fw-la non_fw-la audeat_fw-la that_o he_o shall_v be_v bold_a to_o tell_v the_o truth_n and_o yet_o not_o so_o bold_a as_o to_o tell_v a_o lie_n howbeit_o his_o history_n without_o all_o doubt_n in_o place_n not_o blemish_v with_o such_o folly_n be_v a_o worthy_a work_n but_o since_o he_o insert_v they_o many_o time_n without_o all_o discretion_n he_o must_v of_o the_o wise_a sort_n be_v read_v over_o with_o great_a suspicion_n &_o weariness_n for_o as_o he_o be_v by_o office_n collector_n of_o the_o peter_n penny_n to_o the_o pope_n gain_n and_o lucre_n so_o show_v he_o himself_o throughout_o by_o profession_n a_o covetous_a gatherer_n of_o lie_a fable_n feign_v to_o advance_v the_o popish_a religion_n kingdom_n and_o myter_n ¶_o halling_n in_o saxon_a hale_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o wholesome_a low_a place_n or_o meadow_n i_o have_v see_v in_o a_o ancient_a book_n contain_v the_o donation_n to_o the_o see_v of_o rochester_n kent_n collect_v by_o ernulphus_n the_o bishop_n there_o &_o entitle_v textus_fw-la de_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la roffensi_fw-la a_o chartre_z of_o ecgbert_n the_o four_o christen_v king_n of_o kent_n by_o the_o which_o he_o give_v to_o dioram_n the_o bishop_n of_o rochester_n ten_o ploughlande_n in_o halling_n together_o with_o certain_a denes_n in_o the_o weald_n or_o common_a wood_n to_o the_o which_o chartre_z there_o be_v amongst_o other_o the_o subscription_n of_o jeanbert_n the_o archbishop_n and_o of_o one_o heahbert_n a_o king_n of_o kent_n also_o as_o be_v in_o that_o book_n term_v which_o thing_n i_o note_v for_o two_o special_a cause_n the_o one_o to_o show_v that_o about_o that_o age_n there_o be_v at_o one_o time_n in_o kent_n more_o king_n than_o one_o the_o other_o to_o manifest_v and_o set_v four_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o time_n in_o sign_v &_o subscribe_v of_o deed_n and_o charters_n a_o fashion_n much_o different_a from_o the_o inseal_n that_o be_v use_v in_o these_o our_o day_n and_o as_o touch_v the_o first_o i_o myself_o will_v have_v think_v that_o the_o name_n king_n have_v in_o that_o place_n be_v but_o only_o the_o title_n of_o a_o second_o magistrate_n as_o prorex_fw-la or_o viceroy_n substitute_v under_o the_o very_o king_n of_o the_o country_n for_o administration_n of_o justice_n in_o his_o aid_n or_o absence_n save_v that_o i_o read_v plain_o in_o a_o other_o chartre_z of_o another_o donation_n of_o eslingham_n make_v by_o offa_n the_o king_n of_o mercia_n to_o eardulfe_n the_o bishop_n of_o the_o same_o see_v that_o he_o proceed_v in_o that_o his_o gift_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o same_o heahbert_n the_o king_n of_o kent_n and_o that_o on_o sigaer_v also_o by_o the_o name_n of_o rex_fw-la dimidiae_fw-la partis_fw-la provinciae_fw-la cantuariorum_n both_o confirm_v it_o by_o writing_n and_o give_v possession_n by_o the_o delivery_n of_o a_o clod_n of_o earth_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o seison_n that_o we_o yet_o use_v neither_o be_v this_o true_a in_o heahbert_n only_o for_o it_o be_v evident_a by_o sundry_a chartres_n extant_a in_o the_o same_o book_n that_o ealbert_n the_o king_n of_o kent_n have_v ethelbert_n another_o king_n his_o fellow_n and_o partner_n who_o also_o in_o his_o time_n be_v join_v in_o reign_n with_o one_o eardulfe_n that_o be_v call_v rex_fw-la cantuariorum_n as_o well_o as_o he_o so_o that_o for_o this_o season_n it_o shall_v seem_v that_o either_o the_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v by_o descent_n or_o else_o that_o the_o title_n be_v litigious_a and_o in_o controversy_n though_o our_o history_n so_o far_o as_o i_o have_v see_v have_v mention_v of_o neither_o deed_n this_o old_a manner_n of_o sign_v and_o subscribe_v be_v in_o my_o fantasy_n also_o not_o unworthy_a the_o observation_n wherein_o we_o differ_v from_o our_o ancestor_n the_o saxon_n in_o this_o that_o they_o subscribe_v their_o name_n common_o add_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n together_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o witness_n and_o we_o for_o more_o surety_n both_o subscribe_v our_o name_n put_v our_o seal_n and_o use_v the_o help_n of_o testimony_n beside_o that_o former_a fashion_n continue_v throughout_o until_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conquest_n by_o the_o norman_n who_o manner_n by_o little_a and_o little_a at_o the_o length_n prevail_v amongst_o we_o for_o the_o first_o seal_v chartre_z in_o england_n that_o ever_o i_o read_v of_o be_v that_o of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o westminster_n who_o be_v bring_v up_o in_o normandy_n bring_v into_o this_o realm_n that_o and_o some_o other_o of_o their_o guise_n with_o he_o and_o after_o the_o come_v of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n the_o norman_n like_v their_o own_o country_n custom_n as_o natural_o all_o nation_n do_v reject_v the_o manner_n that_o they_o find_v here_o and_o retain_v their_o own_o as_o ingulphus_n the_o abbot_n of_o croyland_n which_o come_v in_o with_o the_o conquest_n witness_v say_v normanni_n cheirographorun_v confectionem_fw-la cum_fw-la crucib_fw-la