and_o at_o convenient_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o which_o you_o may_v contrive_v to_o do_v in_o draw_v out_o the_o first_o two_o year_n such_o as_o be_v of_o stature_n to_o be_v transplant_v from_o among_o they_o dress_v these_o once_o or_o twice_o a_o year_n by_o cut_v off_o the_o big_a side-branche_n to_o hasten_v their_o grow_a tall_a but_o leave_v some_o small_a side-branche_n for_o this_o cause_v they_o to_o thrive_v in_o bigness_n the_o more_o which_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v proportionable_a to_o their_o height_n or_o else_o they_o will_v be_v too_o weak_a to_o bear_v a_o top_n observe_v this_o also_o in_o graffed_a tree_n in_o your_o nursery_n or_o elsewhere_o chap._n iu._n of_o inoculate_v inoculate_v way_n of_o inoculate_v sect_n 1._o about_o a_o fortnight_n before_o or_o after_o midsummer_n which_o be_v the_o best_a time_n though_o it_o may_v be_v do_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o may_n till_o august_n when_o you_o have_v pitch_v upon_o such_o stock_n as_o be_v sit_v to_o be_v inoculate_v choose_v out_o a_o strong_a and_o well_o like_v branch_n or_o shoot_v of_o that_o year_n growth_n upon_o a_o tree_n that_o bear_v such_o kind_n of_o fruit_n as_o you_o will_v by_o this_o operation_n produce_v and_o about_o the_o middle_n or_o low_a end_n of_o it_o for_o the_o top_n will_v be_v too_o tender_a six_o upon_o a_o leaf_n that_o have_v a_o fresh_a and_o fair_a bud_n grow_v out_o betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o bark_n and_o about_o half_a a_o inch_n below_o and_o above_o the_o bud_n cut_v off_o the_o branch_n and_o so_o you_o will_v have_v a_o piece_n of_o it_o about_o a_o inch_n long_o remain_v with_o a_o bud_n and_o a_o leaf_n on_o this_o you_o must_v cleave_v just_a through_o the_o midst_n so_o as_o the_o bud_n may_v be_v direct_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o one_o half_a and_o then_o snip_n off_o a_o part_n of_o the_o leaf_n and_o hold_v it_o by_o the_o remainder_n clap_v it_o to_o a_o smooth_a place_n on_o the_o stock_n and_o with_o a_o penknife_n score_n out_o on_o each_o side_n of_o it_o so_o much_o of_o the_o stock_n as_o it_o cover_v or_o rather_o a_o little_o broad_a because_o when_o the_o bark_n on_o which_o the_o bud_n be_v be_v take_v off_o from_o its_o own_o wood_n and_o apply_v to_o the_o stock_n it_o will_v cover_v a_o wide_a space_n of_o the_o stock_n than_o it_o do_v before_o after_o you_o have_v thus_o mark_v your_o stock_n withdraw_v the_o cyen_v again_o and_o cut_v the_o bark_n through_o where_o you_o have_v mark_v it_o then_o cut_v the_o bark_n cross_n and_o straight_o from_o the_o uppermost_a end_n of_o one_o score_n to_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o other_o and_o cut_v the_o bark_n again_o cross_a and_o straight_o from_o one_o score_n to_o the_o other_o but_o not_o so_o low_a as_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o score_n by_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n then_o take_v the_o oblong_a square_a piece_n of_o bark_n that_o be_v cut_v on_o every_o side_n quite_o off_o the_o stock_n and_o raise_v up_o that_o part_n of_o the_o bark_n that_o remain_v betwixt_o the_o side_n score_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o work_n from_o the_o wood_n till_o you_o come_v to_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o side_n score_v take_v then_o a_o goose-quill_n cut_v in_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o apple-scoop_a or_o scraper_n and_o have_v with_o your_o nail_n a_o little_a loosen_a the_o upper_a part_n of_o that_o bark_n that_o be_v on_o the_o cyen_n thrust_v the_o quill_n betwixt_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o wood_n hold_v it_o close_o to_o the_o wood_n that_o it_o may_v separate_v they_o and_o take_v off_o with_o the_o bark_n a_o little_a wood_n or_o root_n of_o the_o bud_n over_o against_o it_o if_o you_o see_v a_o hole_n on_o the_o inside_n over_o against_o the_o bud_n when_o you_o have_v take_v the_o bark_n off_o cast_v it_o away_o that_o little_a labour_n be_v lose_v and_o try_v another_o till_o you_o find_v it_o otherwise_o then_o put_v in_o the_o low_a end_n of_o that_o bark_n or_o cyen_n betwixt_o the_o bark_n that_o be_v raise_v on_o the_o stock_n and_o the_o wood_n and_o so_o bound_v it_o on_o the_o stock_n gentle_o with_o woolen-yarn_n or_o narrow_a shred_n of_o linnen-cloth_n or_o gentle_a stuff_n or_o with_o base_n or_o bast_n of_o which_o the_o russia_n mat_n be_v make_v but_o so_o that_o the_o cyen_fw-mi may_v lie_v close_o to_o the_o wood_n of_o the_o stock_n that_o be_v make_v bare_a and_o have_v a_o special_a care_n that_o you_o hurt_v not_o the_o bud_n way_n several_a other_o way_n sect._n 2._o there_o be_v some_o other_o way_n of_o inoculate_v use_v differ_v only_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o cut_n both_o in_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o of_o the_o cyen_n and_o first_o some_o proceed_n in_o all_o other_o thing_n as_o be_v before_o direct_v cut_v the_o bark_n out_o of_o the_o whole_a length_n of_o the_o side_n score_n and_o apply_v the_o cyen_v to_o the_o disbark_v place_n second_o other_o cut_z one_o slit_v only_o down_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o another_o cross_n the_o top_n of_o it_o like_o a_o great_a t_o when_o this_o be_v do_v they_o prepare_v the_o cyen_n or_o bark_v as_o before_o direct_v only_o cut_v it_o sharp_a point_a at_o the_o low_a end_n before_o they_o take_v the_o bud_n off_o its_o wood_n then_o raise_v the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n up_o on_o each_o side_n the_o slit_n and_o put_v in_o the_o cyen_fw-mi begin_v at_o the_o top_n and_o slide_v it_o downward_o gentle_o and_o so_o bind_v the_o bark_n gentle_o upon_o it_o this_o be_v the_o common_a way_n use_v among_o gardener_n three_o you_o may_v make_v the_o cross_n cut_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o downright_a score_n on_o the_o stock_n and_o lift_v up_o the_o four_o corner_n of_o the_o bark_n and_o make_v the_o cyen_n sharp_a at_o both_o end_n put_v it_o under_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n at_o both_o end_n and_o then_o bound_v it_o but_o in_o do_v this_o there_o be_v danger_n of_o hurt_v the_o cyen_n four_o mr_n rea_n commend_v the_o make_v the_o cross_n cut_v at_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o down_o right_o cut_v and_o have_v open_v the_o side_n put_v in_o the_o cyen_fw-mi upward_o be_v make_v sharp_a at_o the_o upper_a end_n only_o thus_o much_o to_o satisfy_v the_o curiosity_n of_o such_o as_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o make_v trial_n of_o every_o way_n but_o the_o first_o that_o i_o have_v describe_v at_o large_a i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o best_a chap._n v._o observation_n touch_v inoculate_v rule_n necessary_a rule_n sect_n 1._o lest_o one_o bud_n fail_v or_o any_o mischance_n break_v it_o put_v two_o in_o every_o stock_n but_o not_o direct_o under_o one_o another_o on_o the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o stock_n the_o branch_n or_o shoot_v you_o cut_v one_o cyen_v off_o may_v yield_v you_o several_a about_o a_o month_n after_o the_o inoculate_v or_o soon_o if_o you_o perceive_v the_o bark_n swell_v where_o the_o bind_n be_v cut_v off_o the_o bind_n if_o it_o grow_v it_o will_v fix_v to_o the_o stock_n keep_v its_o colour_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o leaf_n and_o stalk_n that_o be_v leave_v will_v drop_v off_o and_o the_o bud_n appear_v fair_a then_o sometime_o before_o the_o next_o spring_n cut_v off_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stock_n a_o hand_n breadth_n above_o the_o place_n it_o be_v inoculate_v at_o and_o all_o the_o side-branche_n that_o grow_v any_o where_o upon_o the_o stock_n and_o at_o spring_n the_o bud_n will_v put_v forth_o and_o if_o any_o other_o sprout_n or_o bud_n appear_v on_o the_o stock_n cut_v they_o off_o a_o denote_v the_o cut_n of_o the_o bark_n for_o inoculate_v the_o first_o way_n direct_v b_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o bark_n take_v off_o and_o the_o low_a part_n raise_v c_o the_o bark_n prepare_v to_o put_v in_o the_o stock_n d_o the_o first_o inoculation_n finish_v e_o the_o second_o way_n describe_v by_o take_v the_o bark_n off_o the_o stock_n in_o a_o oblong_a square_n f_o the_o same_o finish_v g_o the_o cut_v the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n according_a to_o the_o gardiner_n ordinary_a way_n h_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bark_n open_v to_o put_v in_o the_o bark_n or_o shield_n i_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o cyen_n prepare_v for_o that_o purpose_n k_o this_o way_n of_o inoculation_n finish_v l_o the_o cut_n of_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n according_a to_o mr._n rea_n be_v best_a approbation_n m_o the_o open_v the_o bark_n on_o each_o side_n the_o slit_n n_o the_o bark_n prepare_v to_o be_v put_v in_o o_o the_o same_o finish_v p_o the_o cut_n of_o the_o cyen_n and_o the_o stock_n for_o side-graffing_a q_o the_o cut_n of_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n for_o
of_o the_o ground_n again_o not_o above_o one_o or_o two_o bud_n you_o may_v chance_v to_o have_v sucker_n of_o a_o old_a vine_n which_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o grow_v sucker_n sucker_n or_o you_o may_v take_v cut_n of_o vine_n branch_n of_o that_o year_n growth_n cut_n cut_n and_o set_v they_o in_o good_a warm_a loose_a land_n and_o many_o will_v grow_v if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o place_n you_o intend_v they_o shall_v always_o stand_v in_o next_o year_n lie_v down_o a_o part_n of_o that_o which_o have_v grow_v out_o to_o root_v also_o or_o else_o upon_o removal_n lay_v in_o the_o new_a growth_n all_o but_o a_o bud_n or_o two_o with_o that_o part_n which_o be_v already_o root_v if_o it_o have_v make_v but_o small_a growth_n the_o first_o year_n lay_v part_n of_o the_o second_o year_n growth_n in_o the_o ground_n it_o will_v more_o advantage_v they_o by_o help_v they_o to_o good_a root_n than_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o year_n or_o two_o growth_n in_o the_o top_n will_v amount_v to_o vine_n cure_v a_o old_a vine_n if_o you_o have_v a_o old_a vine_n that_o bear_v not_o well_o lay_v down_o in_o february_n or_o march_v some_o of_o the_o strong_a branch_n of_o the_o forego_n year_n that_o grow_v low_a in_o the_o mould_n under_o the_o old_a tree_n without_o cut_v they_o off_o leave_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n a_o bud_n or_o two_o to_o grow_v and_o your_o wall_n will_v quick_o be_v furnish_v with_o new_a and_o fresh_a branch_n so_o that_o by_o degree_n you_o may_v cut_v off_o many_o of_o the_o old_a branch_n of_o the_o vine_n for_o though_o one_o vine_n may_v cover_v abundance_n of_o wall_v yet_o three_o or_o four_o root_n in_o that_o compass_n will_v strengthen_v it_o the_o more_o to_o bear_v prune_v of_o prune_v sect._n 3_o as_o vine_n stand_v in_o more_o need_n of_o prune_v than_o other_o fruit-tree_n so_o great_a care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o perform_n of_o it_o when_o you_o have_v set_v your_o vine_n as_o you_o have_v be_v before_o direct_v so_o that_o not_o above_o two_o bud_n of_o it_o remain_v above_o ground_n you_o be_v to_o nail_v up_o such_o branch_n as_o grow_v forth_o up_o to_o the_o wall_n till_o it_o have_v overspread_v as_o much_o wall_n as_o you_o design_n for_o it_o suffer_v not_o above_o two_o branch_n to_o grow_v from_o the_o ground_n and_o snip_v yearly_o the_o top_n of_o the_o branch_n a_o considerable_a length_n as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v weak_a and_o tender_a and_o also_o all_o small_a poor_a one_o close_o to_o the_o body_n unless_o the_o well_o like_v branch_n be_v but_o few_o and_o then_o you_o may_v leave_v the_o low_a bud_n of_o some_o of_o they_o to_o grow_v forth_o next_o year_n and_o this_o you_o be_v to_o do_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o february_n or_o beginning_n of_o march_n yearly_o when_o your_o vine_n come_v to_o bear_v you_o be_v to_o use_v your_o knife_n about_o it_o three_o time_n in_o the_o year_n 1._o time_n time_n in_o february_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n you_o be_v to_o prune_v off_o part_n of_o the_o forego_n year_n shoot_v where_o they_o be_v too_o thick_a close_o to_o the_o old_a wood_n as_o it_o enrich_v your_o vine_n to_o keep_v it_o thin_a of_o branch_n so_o you_o must_v take_v care_v it_o be_v well_o store_v with_o bud_n against_o the_o spring_n follow_v for_o it_o bear_v grape_n only_o on_o the_o new_a shoot_v of_o every_o year_n and_o in_o cut_v off_o these_o branch_n you_o must_v take_v care_n your_o wall_n continue_v furnish_v with_o such_o branch_n as_o may_v be_v spread_v upon_o the_o wall_n regular_o and_o decent_o not_o thick_a in_o one_o place_n and_o thin_a in_o another_o nor_o cross_v one_o another_o 2._o the_o next_o time_n to_o take_v off_o superfluity_n from_o your_o vine_n be_v about_o midsummer_n when_o the_o grape_n be_v knit_v clip_v off_o then_o the_o end_n of_o the_o branch_n that_o have_v grape_n on_o they_o a_o little_a above_o the_o grape_n that_o they_o may_v have_v the_o more_o nourishment_n and_o keep_v they_o nail_v to_o the_o wall_n as_o also_o barren_a branch_n where_o the_o wall_n need_v they_o 3._o the_o last_o time_n of_o cut_v be_v in_o august_n for_o then_o because_o leaf_n and_o branch_n may_v be_v so_o thick_a as_o to_o keep_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o grape_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o ripen_v they_o you_o may_v pluck_v off_o some_o of_o the_o leaf_n and_o cut_v off_o some_o of_o the_o branch_n to_o open_a way_n for_o the_o sun_n to_o come_v to_o they_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o prune_n these_o peculiar_a to_o it_o place_n place_n that_o whereas_o other_o be_v cut_v at_o a_o bud_n the_o branch_n of_o these_o must_v be_v cut_v off_o near_o the_o midst_n betwixt_o two_o bud_n and_o that_o not_o late_a in_o the_o year_n than_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n for_o afterward_o the_o sap_n or_o juice_n will_v run_v out_o and_o the_o vine_n will_v be_v much_o weaken_v by_o bleed_a bleed_v bleed_v you_o will_v by_o that_o time_n also_o see_v what_o the_o frost_n of_o the_o winter_n forego_v have_v kill_v which_o must_v be_v take_v all_o away_o if_o frost_n come_v before_o any_o grape_n be_v ripe_a frost_n frost_n defend_v they_o in_o the_o night_n time_n with_o tilâ—s_n or_o mat_n sect._n 4._o vineyard_n vineyard_n it_o be_v scarce_o worth_a while_n to_o have_v a_o vineyard_n here_o in_o england_n there_o have_v begn_n many_o and_o now_o so_o few_o afford_v a_o strong_a argument_n to_o prove_v that_o attempt_n of_o that_o kind_n never_o turn_v to_o account_v the_o usage_n of_o the_o people_n in_o such_o case_n be_v of_o no_o small_a authority_n it_o be_v possible_a that_o person_n that_o have_v very_o warm_a ground_n well_o situate_v with_o care_n and_o industry_n may_v some_o year_n have_v good_a grape_n without_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o wall_n i_o have_v see_v not_o far_o from_o bristol_n in_o a_o year_n that_o be_v very_o favourable_a to_o they_o grape_n ripen_v well_o without_o such_o help_n sect._n 5._o figtree_n figtree_n figtree_n ought_v to_o be_v plant_v in_o a_o very_a warm_a place_n against_o a_o wall_n defend_v from_o the_o north_n and_o north-east_n wind_n every_o old_a tree_n will_v yield_v plenty_n of_o sucker_n fit_a to_o raise_v new_a one_o sect._n 6._o quince-tree_n quince-tree_n you_o have_v see_v the_o way_n of_o raise_v quince-tree_n in_o the_o chapter_n of_o dwarf_n i_o shall_v here_o only_o add_v that_o if_o you_o have_v a_o part_n of_o a_o tree_n that_o grow_v so_o low_a that_o you_o can_v bring_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n either_o by_o plash_v or_o otherwise_o you_o may_v do_v it_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n and_o cover_v it_o all_o with_o earth_n but_o the_o end_n of_o the_o branch_n and_o let_v it_o continue_v so_o one_o year_n and_o then_o uncover_v it_o and_o every_o twig_n will_v have_v put_v forth_o root_n in_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o transplant_v will_v make_v you_o a_o tree_n and_o this_o be_v the_o way_n of_o propagate_a of_o fruit-tree_n by_o layer_n layer_n layer_n and_o you_o may_v here_o take_v notice_n that_o all_o such_o tree_n that_o may_v be_v propagate_v by_o cut_n may_v be_v raise_v likewise_o by_o layer_n and_o this_o way_n take_v more_o sure_a than_o by_o cut_n quince-tree_n delight_v in_o a_o moist_a rich_a land_n soil_n soil_n near_o some_o gutter_n that_o carry_v away_o the_o soak_v or_o wash_v of_o a_o dunghill_n or_o house_n be_v a_o place_n usual_o choose_v for_o they_o and_o be_v such_o as_o they_o like_v very_o well_o in_o sect._n 7._o medlar-tree_n medlar-tree_n medlar_n be_v raise_v by_o graft_n on_o the_o pear-tree_n crabtree_n white-thorn_n or_o service-tree_n the_o last_o be_v the_o best_a and_o the_o white-thorn_n by_o much_o the_o worst_a you_o may_v get_v plant_n of_o service_n out_o of_o wood_n service-tree_n service-tree_n where_o they_o grow_v wild_a from_o which_o you_o may_v raise_v service-tree_n or_o stock_n for_o medlar_n or_o if_o you_o can_v get_v none_o such_o graft_v the_o service_n on_o the_o wickey-berry-tree_n or_o the_o white-thorn_n sect._n 8._o wallnut-tree_n wallnut-tree_n wallnut-tree_n be_v much_o plant_v of_o late_a and_o be_v very_o proper_a for_o walk_n in_o ground_n and_o a_o good_a fence_n to_o shelter_v building_n and_o orchard_n the_o fruit_n be_v useful_a and_o very_o profitable_a if_o you_o can_v spare_v any_o to_o sell_v or_o for_o oil_n for_o painter_n if_o the_o market_n shall_v be_v glut_v with_o they_o and_o the_o timber_n so_o excellent_a for_o table_n chair_n and_o stool_n stook_v of_o gun_n etc._n etc._n that_o it_o go_v off_o well_o and_o take_v a_o good_a price_n raise_v way_n of_o raise_v they_o be_v raise_v by_o nut_n
rise_n and_o lie_v even_o to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o stock_n cut_a then_o the_o top_n of_o the_o cyen_v off_o close_o above_o a_o bud_n about_o four_o inch_n above_o the_o shoulder_n if_o it_o be_v for_o a_o standard_n tree_n two_o bud_n above_o the_o clay_n be_v full_a enough_o but_o for_o dwarf_n or_o wall-tree_n you_o may_v let_v the_o cyen_fw-mi be_v six_o inch_n long_o with_o several_a bud_n that_o they_o may_v shoot_v forth_o many_o branch_n and_o spread_v from_o the_o very_a stock_n the_o cyen_n or_o graff_n thus_o prepare_v lay_v the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o cyen_n on_o the_o west_n or_o south-west_n side_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o so_o measure_n and_o mark_v the_o breadth_n and_o length_n of_o it_o then_o cut_v away_o so_o much_o of_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n as_o the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o cyen_n may_v fit_v draw_v your_o knife_n upward_o but_o as_o the_o stock_n be_v big_a and_o the_o bark_n thick_a than_o that_o on_o the_o cyen_n so_o the_o chip_n must_v be_v long_o and_o broad_a or_o else_o the_o passage_n for_o the_o sap_n in_o the_o stock_n and_o cyen_n which_o be_v chief_o betwixt_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o wood_n will_v not_o meet_v together_o as_o in_o the_o work_n you_o will_v easy_o see_v which_o shall_v be_v aim_v at_o then_o lay_v the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o cyen_n on_o the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o bound_v it_o on_o with_o course_n woollen-yarn_n base_n or_o the_o inward_a peeling_a of_o the_o witch-tree_n if_o you_o bound_v with_o such_o a_o material_a as_o will_v not_o be_v loose_a or_o rot_v by_o midsummer_n about_o that_o time_n give_v it_o a_o cut_v crosswise_o with_o a_o knife_n to_o set_v the_o prisoner_n at_o liberty_n have_v in_o readiness_n good_a clay_n free_a from_o stone_n mix_v with_o long_a hay_n and_o daub_v it_o about_o the_o stock_n and_o cyen_n a_o full_a inch_n above_o and_o below_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stock_n work_v it_o up_o round_o the_o cyen_n till_o it_o be_v sharp_a at_o the_o top_n that_o the_o rain_n water_n may_v run_v down_o it_o and_o with_o a_o knife_n or_o little_a trowel_n dip_v in_o water_n smooth_a over_o the_o clay_n in_o do_v this_o be_v sure_a not_o to_o displace_v the_o cyen_n thus_o you_o may_v graft_v pear_n plum_n cherry_n and_o apple_n if_o it_o be_v before_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n will_v part_v from_o the_o wood_n of_o they_o for_o when_o it_o will_v the_o next_o way_n follow_v be_v better_a for_o apple_n way_n in_o the_o bark_n the_o best_a way_n sect._n 2._o the_o second_o way_n call_v graft_n in_o the_o bark_n be_v much_o like_o this_o and_o i_o prefer_v it_o from_o experience_n much_o before_o the_o forementioned_a or_o any_o other_o way_n but_o it_o can_v only_o be_v use_v for_o apple_n because_o all_o cyens_n of_o other_o fruit_n will_v be_v grow_v past_o use_n before_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n will_v peel_n which_o be_v about_o the_o end_n of_o march_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o april_n but_o this_o will_v be_v time_n enough_o for_o apple_n if_o your_o stock_n be_v in_o any_o thing_n good_a like_n which_o if_o they_o be_v not_o they_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o be_v graff_v any_o way_n prepare_v then_o your_o stock_n and_o cyen_n exact_o as_o you_o be_v direct_v in_o pack_v only_o instead_o of_o cut_v the_o bark_n off_o the_o stock_n slit_v it_o on_o the_o south-west_n side_n from_o the_o top_n almost_o as_o long_o as_o the_o slope_v part_n of_o the_o cyen_n and_o loosen_v the_o bark_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o slit_n with_o the_o point_n of_o your_o knife_n have_v in_o readiness_n a_o little_a instrument_n make_v of_o ivory_n or_o a_o deer_n or_o sheep-shank_n or_o silver_n or_o hard_o smooth_a wood_n at_o one_o end_n let_v it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o slope_n part_n of_o the_o cyen_n but_o much_o less_o every_o way_n thrust_v it_o down_o betwixt_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o wood_n of_o the_o stock_n where_o it_o be_v slit_v to_o make_v room_n for_o the_o cyen_fw-mi take_v it_o out_o and_o put_v in_o the_o cyen_fw-mi but_o first_o cut_v a_o little_a of_o the_o bark_n at_o the_o thin_a end_n of_o the_o slope_n of_o the_o cyen_n that_o it_o double_v not_o in_o go_v down_o yet_o leave_v it_o with_o a_o sharp_a edge_n and_o because_o when_o your_o cyen_fw-mi be_v put_v in_o it_o will_v bear_v the_o bark_n hollow_a from_o the_o stock_n nick_n or_o slit_v the_o bark_n on_o each_o side_n the_o cyen_n so_o that_o it_o may_v fall_v close_o to_o the_o stock_n and_o to_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o cyen_n bound_v and_o clay_n it_o as_o you_o have_v already_o hear_v these_o two_o be_v the_o best_a way_n of_o graft_n for_o these_o reason_n 1._o because_o stock_n may_v be_v graff_v thus_o some_o year_n before_o they_o can_v be_v ready_a to_o graft_v in_o the_o cleave_a and_o though_o whip-graffing_a may_v be_v use_v soon_o than_o either_o of_o these_o yet_o there_o be_v other_o great_a inconvenience_n attend_v it_o as_o you_o will_v see_v hereafter_o 2._o the_o stock_n be_v this_o way_n less_o harm_v than_o where_o a_o cleave_v be_v use_v because_o the_o cleft_n let_v wet_a into_o they_o and_o make_v they_o not_o so_o fit_a for_o graft_n again_o if_o any_o fail_v to_o grow_v the_o first_o time_n as_o these_o continue_v to_o be_v though_o they_o shall_v once_o miscarry_v or_o come_v to_o any_o mischance_n 3._o the_o cyen_n will_v much_o soon_o and_o better_o cover_v the_o stock_n and_o so_o make_v a_o more_o healthful_a sound_a and_o swift_a grow_a tree_n 4._o this_o be_v much_o more_o speedy_a easy_a and_o sure_a to_o succeed_v sect._n 3_o whip-graffing_a whip-graffing_a there_o be_v another_o way_n call_v whip-graffing_a and_o here_o your_o stock_n and_o cyen_n ought_v to_o be_v exact_o of_o the_o same_o bigness_n as_o the_o manner_n of_o perform_v it_o plain_o show_v which_o be_v as_o follow_v slope_n off_o the_o cyen_v a_o full_a inch_n or_o long_o and_o do_v the_o like_a to_o the_o stock_n and_o tie_v the_o one_o upon_o the_o other_o you_o may_v if_o you_o will_v make_v a_o shoulder_n on_o the_o cyen_n and_o cut_v the_o top_n of_o the_o stock_n to_o suit_n with_o it_o and_o then_o bound_v they_o together_o and_o clay_n about_o the_o place_n this_o way_n be_v successful_a enough_o so_o that_o special_a care_n be_v take_v that_o both_o stock_n and_o cyen_n suit_n exact_o where_o they_o be_v join_v together_o which_o be_v somewhat_o troublesome_a to_o do_v and_o so_o it_o be_v to_o find_v cyens_n and_o stock_n of_o a_o equal_a bigness_n beside_o the_o head_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o overgrow_v the_o stock_n all_o that_o can_v be_v do_v to_o prevent_v it_o be_v to_o graff_n these_o very_a low_a or_o if_o high_a to_o give_v the_o stock_n more_o liberty_n to_o thicken_v by_o slit_v the_o bark_n of_o it_o with_o a_o knife_n in_o this_o way_n of_o graft_n there_o be_v another_o little_a knack_n may_v be_v add_v to_o very_o good_a purpose_n and_o that_o be_v when_o the_o stock_n and_o cyen_n be_v prepare_v as_o you_o hear_v before_o to_o be_v join_v together_o to_o make_v a_o slit_n with_o a_o knife_n in_o the_o bare_a place_n of_o the_o stock_n downward_o beginning_n towards_o the_o top_n of_o the_o slope_n and_o so_o slit_v it_o a_o little_a way_n and_o do_v the_o like_a in_o the_o slope_v face_n of_o the_o cyen_n but_o beginning_n at_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o the_o low_a end_n of_o it_o as_o you_o do_v before_o from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o so_o carry_v it_o upward_o and_o then_o join_v they_o by_o thrust_v the_o one_o slice_v into_o the_o other_o till_o the_o bare_a place_n of_o the_o cyen_n cover_v the_o bare_a place_n of_o the_o stock_n this_o may_v be_v do_v likewise_o in_o graft_n by_o pack_v and_o in_o both_o conduce_v much_o to_o strengthen_v the_o work_n and_o be_v call_v by_o some_o lip_v or_o tongue_v graft_n sidâ—_n graft_n sect._n 4._o i_o be_o now_o go_v to_o describe_v another_o way_n that_o i_o never_o read_v of_o neither_o ever_o know_v more_o than_o one_o that_o use_v it_o and_o he_o a_o skilful_a gardner_n and_o use_v it_o very_o much_o know_v no_o name_n for_o it_o i_o have_v give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o side-graffing_a it_o be_v do_v by_o prepare_v the_o cyen_v as_o in_o whip-graffing_a then_o without_o cut_v off_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stock_n but_o make_v it_o thin_a of_o side_n branch_n from_o a_o smooth_a place_n of_o it_o on_o the_o westside_n take_v off_o as_o much_o bark_n as_o the_o cyen_n will_v cover_v as_o in_o pack_v and_o slit_v both_o cyen_v and_o stock_n according_a to_o the_o direction_n give_v in_o the_o end_n of_o
a_o year_n time_n and_o more_o choose_v such_o sucker_n as_o grow_v at_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o old_a tree_n dwarf_n order_v the_o head_n of_o dwarf_n sect._n 9_o in_o graft_n or_o inoculate_v stock_n for_o dwarf-tree_n observe_v to_o do_v it_o as_o low_a as_o you_o well_o can_v with_o two_o cyen_n and_o those_o long_o than_o in_o graft_n for_o large_a standard_n that_o they_o may_v spread_v from_o the_o ground_n and_o after_o they_o be_v grow_v two_o or_o three_o year_n in_o the_o place_n they_o be_v to_o stand_v in_o to_o make_v they_o spread_v and_o to_o keep_v the_o bough_n outward_a you_o may_v tie_v a_o old_a hoop_n of_o a_o barrel_n or_o some_o such_o thing_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o branch_n to_o bear_v they_o a_o good_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o but_o if_o one_o branch_n be_v much_o strong_a or_o more_o incline_v to_o grow_v upright_o than_o the_o rest_n than_o you_o may_v drive_v a_o stake_n into_o the_o ground_n and_o tie_v the_o sturdy_a one_o down_o to_o it_o if_o you_o cut_v the_o bark_n crosswise_o in_o several_a place_n on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o branch_n when_o they_o be_v place_v as_o you_o will_v have_v they_o it_o will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o make_v they_o more_o willing_a to_o continue_v in_o that_o order_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n after_o some_o year_n growth_n if_o any_o one_o branch_n shoot_v out_o much_o further_a than_o the_o other_o cut_v off_o its_o top_n to_o keep_v it_o even_o with_o the_o rest_n and_o yearly_o cut_v much_o off_o especial_o new_a shoot_v that_o grow_v direct_o upward_o after_o they_o be_v grow_v to_o that_o height_n you_o design_v they_o to_o be_v of_o which_o may_v be_v about_o a_o yard_n and_o a_o half_a cut_n tree_n of_o cut_n sect._n 10._o have_v direct_v how_o to_o raise_v kentish-codling_n gennet-moil_n quince_n or_o any_o that_o grow_v of_o cut_n for_o stock_n i_o need_v give_v no_o other_o rule_n for_o raise_v tree_n or_o hedge_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o fruit_n only_o you_o need_v not_o cut_v they_o so_o short_a as_o you_o do_v for_o stock_n i_o have_v see_v codling_n graff_v on_o crab-stock_n and_o set_v in_o a_o garden_n but_o i_o think_v it_o will_v increase_v their_o growth_n because_o crab-stock_n have_v great_a root_n and_o will_v yield_v they_o more_o plenty_n of_o nourishment_n than_o root_n of_o their_o own_o put_v forth_o when_o they_o be_v raise_v by_o cut_n other_o graff_n gennet-moil_n on_o crab-stock_n and_o they_o thrive_v well_o and_o bear_v a_o large_a and_o some_o think_v a_o better_a fruit_n than_o those_o tree_n of_o that_o kind_n raise_v by_o cut_n i_o have_v graff_v several_a of_o they_o in_o rough_a and_o woody_a ground_n which_o have_v grow_v with_o very_o strong_a shoot_n and_o cover_v the_o stock_n very_o soon_o chap._n x._o of_o plant_v a_o orchard_n sect_n 1._o so_o far_o as_o it_o lie_v in_o a_o man_n power_n to_o choose_v a_o plot_n of_o ground_n for_o his_o orchard_n ground_n choice_n of_o ground_n he_o ought_v to_o do_v it_o with_o respect_n to_o these_o advantage_n it_o shall_v lie_v convenient_o near_o he_o decline_v and_o lie_v open_a towards_o the_o south_n southeast_n or_o south-west_n and_o defend_v from_o the_o north_n north-east_n and_o north-west_n wind_n by_o building_n wood_n or_o high_a ground_n the_o land_n shall_v rather_o incline_v to_o dryness_n than_o moisture_n without_o spring_n the_o soil_v deep_a and_o a_o fat_a earth_n not_o a_o stiff_a cold_a clay_n or_o bind_v gravel_n nor_o a_o light_n sandy_a or_o eskie_a hollow_a earth_n yet_o with_o good_a husbandry_n if_o it_o run_v not_o into_o the_o extreme_n of_o any_o of_o these_o fruit-tree_n may_v prosper_v reasonable_a well_o in_o it_o a._n the_o erder_n of_o tree_n in_o the_o orchard_n b._n the_o garden_n wall_n c._n the_o chissell_n d._n the_o ladder_n e._n the_o instrument_n to_o graft_v in_o the_o bark_v with_o ground_n to_o qualify_v ground_n sect._n 2._o if_o the_o land_n you_o intend_v for_o it_o be_v a_o turf_n or_o green-sward_a you_o will_v do_v well_o to_o plough_v it_o two_o year_n before_o you_o set_v your_o tree_n in_o it_o to_o make_v it_o mellow_a and_o loose_a that_o the_o tree_n may_v the_o better_o take_v root_n and_o you_o may_v then_o lay_v on_o manure_n which_o by_o plough_v will_v be_v well_o mix_v with_o the_o natural_a soil_n and_o use_v such_o manure_n as_o will_v best_o suit_v to_o amend_v it_o according_a to_o what_o you_o have_v hear_v before_o in_o the_o 8_o chap._n sect._n the_o 6_o if_o your_o land_n lie_v very_o flat_a that_o wet_a be_v apt_a to_o stand_v upon_o it_o or_o be_v a_o shallow_a soil_n you_o may_v something_o help_v it_o in_o plough_v also_o by_o gather_v the_o land_n always_o up_o in_o and_o near_o the_o place_n where_o you_o intend_v the_o row_n of_o tree_n shall_v afterward_o stand_v which_o in_o two_o year_n time_n will_v something_o raise_v it_o and_o thicken_v the_o soil_n and_o the_o reanes_n or_o furrow_n so_o make_v will_v help_v to_o carry_v off_o the_o water_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o springey_a land_n you_o must_v trench_v it_o at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o that_o deep_a than_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o spring_n run_v in_o the_o earth_n which_o you_o may_v leave_v open_a and_o yearly_o cleanse_v or_o fill_v it_o with_o ole_a bough_n and_o cover_v they_o with_o the_o turf_n and_o earth_n that_o come_v forth_o much_o high_a than_o the_o other_o land_n for_o the_o wood_n and_o loose_a earth_n will_v sink_v very_o much_o by_o degree_n if_o it_o be_v not_o springey_a but_o only_o lie_v so_o low_a and_o flat_a that_o in_o the_o winter_n rain_n or_o land-flood_n will_v lie_v upon_o it_o and_o that_o it_o have_v be_v late_o plough_v or_o that_o you_o will_v not_o lose_v two_o year_n time_n by_o plough_v it_o before_o you_o set_v your_o tree_n or_o if_o it_o be_v a_o shallow_a or_o ebb_a soil_n you_o have_v best_o set_v the_o tree_n by_o tump_v according_a to_o the_o direction_n in_o field-planting_a which_o you_o will_v find_v hereafter_o speak_v full_o to_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n ground_n of_o uneven_a ground_n sect._n 3_o if_o there_o be_v any_o unevenness_n in_o the_o land_n some_o direct_a to_o level_v it_o by_o carry_v the_o bank_n into_o low_a place_n but_o this_o will_v not_o only_o be_v very_o chargeable_a but_o hurtful_a by_o make_v the_o high_a place_n too_o barren_a and_o the_o low_a ground_n too_o rich_a but_o that_o your_o tree_n may_v grow_v somewhat_o level_a in_o their_o top_n and_o not_o one_o over-shade_n another_o and_o also_o appear_v comely_a you_o may_v forecast_v to_o set_v such_o tree_n as_o grow_v pendent_a or_o be_v not_o apt_a to_o grow_v tall_a tree_n on_o the_o high_a ground_n and_o such_o as_o be_v aspire_v in_o the_o low_a place_n it_o time_n and_o manner_n of_o plant_v it_o sect._n 4._o the_o best_a time_n to_o transplant_v into_o orchard_n be_v from_o the_o end_n of_o september_n to_o near_o the_o end_n of_o november_n the_o soon_o the_o better_a if_o the_o leaf_n be_v not_o all_o fall_v when_o you_o remove_v your_o tree_n pick_v they_o off_o if_o your_o tree_n be_v not_o very_o weak_a body_v prune_n they_o up_o leave_v three_o or_o four_o of_o the_o principal_a branch_n on_o the_o top_n that_o grow_v outward_a which_o shall_v be_v lop_v off_o almost_o a_o year_n growth_n but_o if_o they_o be_v weak_a lest_o the_o wind_n shall_v injure_v they_o by_o toss_v they_o you_o may_v top_v they_o low_o do_v it_o at_o a_o bud_n or_o small_a twig_n and_o in_o big_a tree_n cut_v the_o top_n almost_o all_o off_o and_o whensoever_o you_o transplant_v young_a tree_n cut_v off_o the_o end_n of_o all_o big_a root_n tree_n of_o removal_n of_o tree_n sect._n 5._o at_o three_o year_n end_n after_o graft_n in_o the_o nursery_n tree_n may_v be_v fit_a to_o be_v remove_v into_o a_o orchard_n especial_o if_o you_o plough_v or_o which_o be_v safe_o dig_v the_o orchard_n land_n and_o set_v bean_n and_o other_o kitchen-garden-stuff_n in_o it_o for_o some_o year_n but_o if_o it_o be_v such_o a_o piece_n of_o land_n that_o you_o graze_v than_o you_o must_v be_v sure_a their_o head_n be_v grow_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o cattle_n before_o you_o set_v they_o there_o and_o you_o must_v fence_v they_o one_o of_o the_o way_n mention_v hereafter_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o field-planting_a distance_n of_o distance_n sect._n 6._o the_o distance_n of_o tree_n in_o orchard_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v less_o than_o eight_o yard_n neither_o need_v it_o be_v more_o than_o thirteen_o or_o fourteen_o the_o rich_a the_o land_n be_v the_o great_a distance_n you_o ought_v to_o set_v the_o tree_n at_o from_o one_o another_o to_o which_o
very_o rich_a as_o not_o have_v be_v impoverish_v by_o tillage_n but_o improve_v sometime_o by_o the_o oft_o scour_v of_o the_o ditch_n and_o common_o with_o the_o dung_n of_o cattle_n that_o for_o shelter_n shade_n or_o fodder_n repair_n much_o thither_o 3._o it_o be_v not_o the_o least_o hindrance_n to_o plough_v or_o grass_n for_o the_o hedge_n when_o it_o be_v grow_v up_o usual_o bear_v out_o as_o far_o as_o the_o tree_n be_v set_v in_o the_o field_n 4._o and_o this_o be_v much_o better_a than_o plant_v in_o the_o hedg-row_n as_o many_o do_v for_o in_o the_o hedge_n when_o the_o tree_n be_v grow_v to_o have_v a_o large_a top_n it_o be_v apt_a to_o weaken_v the_o hedge_n under_o it_o but_o these_o be_v set_v a_o little_a distance_n from_o the_o hedge_n and_o grow_v as_o they_o will_v with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o head_n from_o it_o will_v not_o damage_v it_o 5._o the_o fruit_n will_v be_v gather_v with_o much_o more_o ease_n than_o of_o those_o that_o be_v plant_v in_o the_o hedge_n 6._o they_o will_v not_o be_v choke_v or_o hurt_v by_o the_o hedge_n when_o it_o be_v grow_v up_o but_o be_v good_a handsome_a fair_a tree_n you_o may_v set_v these_o at_o eight_o yard_n distance_n distance_n distance_n or_o near_o be_v but_o one_o single_a row_n and_o so_o if_o but_o half_a a_o field_n as_o usual_o it_o fall_v out_o have_v the_o ditch_n on_o the_o outside_n you_o may_v set_v a_o considerable_a number_n and_o find_v advantage_n without_o damage_n and_o with_o inconsiderable_a charge_n especial_o if_o the_o ditch_n stand_v on_o the_o north-side_n if_o you_o can_v therefore_o choose_v such_o hedge_n good_a where_o not_o good_a this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v practise_v near_o hedge_n that_o be_v full_a of_o great_a wood_n or_o tree_n but_o if_o there_o be_v but_o few_o tree_n it_o be_v but_o leave_v a_o vacancy_n near_o such_o tree_n and_o set_v your_o fruit-tree_n against_o such_o place_n where_o there_o grow_v none_o in_o the_o hedge_n hedge_n iv_o in_o hedge_n sect._n 6._o another_o way_n of_o plant_v in_o field_n be_v this_o if_o you_o will_v plant_v without_o any_o charge_n of_o fence_v you_o may_v do_v it_o in_o your_o hedge_n these_o tree_n must_v be_v well_o grow_v and_o strong_a that_o the_o hedge_n choke_v they_o not_o while_o they_o be_v young_a and_o when_o you_o plash_n or_o cut_v down_o a_o quick_a hedge_n observe_v no_o certain_a distance_n but_o as_o it_o happen_v where_o you_o find_v it_o most_o free_a from_o quick_a set_v a_o tree_n and_o enclose_v the_o body_n in_o the_o hedge_n but_o bound_v not_o the_o ethering_n too_o close_o about_o it_o lest_o they_o gall_v it_o and_o as_o it_o grow_v observe_v what_o thorn_n annoy_v it_o and_o cut_v they_o off_o cut_n v._o by_o cut_n sect._n 7._o if_o you_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o set_v any_o cut_n of_o gennet-moil_n or_o other_o appletree_n that_o grow_v of_o cut_n they_o will_v prosper_v very_o well_o in_o or_o rather_o near_o a_o hedge_n because_o general_o there_o the_o mould_n be_v loose_a and_o mellow_a for_o they_o to_o put_v forth_o root_n in_o and_o somewhat_o enrich_v by_o the_o frequent_a cleanse_n of_o the_o ditch_n if_o you_o plant_v they_o near_o the_o hedge_n you_o must_v a_o little_a fence_n they_o on_o the_o one_o side_n as_o by_o the_o three_o forego_v direction_n but_o the_o tump_n you_o raise_v to_o set_v the_o thorn_n in_o must_v not_o be_v above_o a_o foot_n high_a for_o the_o cut_n will_v shoot_v out_o their_o root_n almost_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o earth_n about_o they_o and_o a_o high_a mound_n fall_v down_o by_o degree_n some_o of_o the_o best_a root_n may_v be_v leave_v bare_a or_o very_o little_a earth_n upon_o they_o they_o of_o prepare_v they_o the_o way_n of_o prepare_v plant_n for_o this_o purpose_n be_v by_o circumposition_n etc._n etc._n as_o be_v direct_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o dwarf-tree_n order_n choice_n and_o order_n make_v choice_n of_o cut_n or_o stem_n as_o big_a as_o a_o man_n wrist_n if_o you_o can_v towards_o the_o low_a end_n before_o you_o set_v they_o prune_v they_o out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o cattle_n and_o leave_v but_o little_a top_n on_o they_o when_o you_o set_v they_o neither_o let_v they_o be_v very_o long_o if_o the_o top_n be_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o cattle_n it_o be_v enough_o stock_n vi_o by_o long_a crab_n stock_n sect._n 8._o there_o be_v some_o that_o get_v long_a crab-tree-stock_n out_o of_o wood_n or_o else_o dress_v some_o up_o in_o their_o nursery_n to_o grow_v tall_a and_o set_v they_o in_o their_o field_n or_o hedge_n and_o at_o three_o year_n stand_v graft_v they_o which_o may_v do_v well_o advantage_n advantage_n and_o be_v the_o better_o approve_v of_o because_o there_o need_v no_o removal_n after_o they_o be_v graff_v but_o some_o inconvenience_n there_o be_v in_o this_o way_n disadvantage_n disadvantage_n the_o long_a stock_n out_o of_o wood_n be_v common_o very_o old_a their_o bark_n thick_a their_o root_n big_a they_o thrive_v but_o indifferent_o and_o those_o raise_v in_o nursery_n will_v seldom_o be_v taper_n grow_v or_o strong_a enough_o to_o bear_v a_o large_a top_n well_o after_o they_o be_v graff_v so_o high_a as_o they_o ought_v be_v set_v in_o field_n you_o will_v also_o be_v long_o in_o raise_v stock_n to_o that_o height_n and_o any_o considerable_a strength_n as_o be_v necessary_a for_o this_o purpose_n than_o in_o raise_v tree_n if_o your_o stock_n be_v graff_v young_a in_o your_o nursery_n because_o they_o thrive_v more_o after_o graft_n than_o before_o and_o in_o both_o case_n if_o you_o graft_v they_o high_a the_o stock_n will_v be_v continual_o put_v forth_o sprout_n of_o their_o own_o kind_n below_o the_o place_n they_o be_v graff_v at_o which_o will_v require_v frequent_a cut_v off_o if_o you_o graft_v they_o not_o very_o high_a you_o will_v find_v it_o difficult_a to_o defend_v they_o from_o the_o nip_a of_o cattle_n and_o from_o the_o cyens_n be_v break_v out_o of_o the_o stock_n by_o some_o casualty_n or_o other_o to_o which_o they_o be_v more_o expose_v in_o field_n that_o lie_v common_a to_o cattle_n than_o nursery_n that_o be_v enclose_v crabtree_n vii_o by_o graâ—â—â—â—_n old_a crabtree_n sect._n 9_o the_o last_o way_n i_o shall_v speak_v of_o be_v that_o which_o be_v most_o use_v in_o the_o plant_n country_n and_o that_o be_v by_o graft_n such_o crabtree_n as_o grow_v in_o the_o hedge_n or_o ground_n and_o this_o be_v the_o speedy_a way_n to_o have_v fruit_n because_o the_o big_a tree_n have_v body_n already_o and_o in_o four_o or_o five_o year_n time_n well_o order_v will_v have_v good_a top_n to_o bear_v and_o if_o you_o graft_v small_a stock_n in_o your_o ground_n that_o have_v grow_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n there_o and_o fence_v they_o they_o will_v speedy_o bring_v on_o graff_n be_v so_o well_o root_v herein_o a_o mischief_n use_v herein_o i_o have_v see_v many_o cut_n off_o the_o top_n of_o old_a crabtree_n and_o appletree_n and_o graft_v the_o body_n or_o trunk_n but_o the_o cyens_n can_v never_o cover_v the_o head_n of_o those_o stock_n and_o by_o that_o time_n the_o top_n be_v a_o little_a grow_v up_o the_o body_n be_v ready_a to_o perish_v with_o rottenness_n direction_n necessary_a direction_n the_o best_a way_n for_o big_a crabtree_n or_o if_o you_o will_v change_v the_o kind_n of_o any_o fruit-tree_n be_v to_o graft_v they_o in_o the_o bough_n where_o they_o be_v not_o big_a than_o a_o man_n arm_n make_v use_n of_o none_o but_o those_o that_o grow_v handsome_a at_o convenient_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o cut_v off_o the_o other_o smooth_a and_o even_a close_o to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n to_o do_v this_o that_o winter_n that_o you_o cut_v or_o plash_n a_o hedge_n order_n the_o workman_n to_o trim_v up_o but_o not_o to_o lop_v or_o top_v the_o crabtree_n unless_o it_o be_v the_o top_n of_o the_o bough_n half_o a_o yard_n or_o more_o above_o the_o place_n you_o intend_v to_o graft_v they_o at_o and_o then_o in_o march_n follow_v see_v off_o the_o head_n at_o proper_a place_n and_o graft_v they_o cleft_n of_o graft_n 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o cleft_n many_o be_v for_o graft_n these_o in_o the_o cleave_a because_o they_o think_v the_o cyen_n have_v better_a hold_n and_o will_v not_o be_v so_o subject_a to_o be_v break_v out_o by_o the_o wind_n as_o those_o graffed_a in_o the_o bark_n but_o i_o have_v see_v those_o in_o the_o cleave_v break_v out_o by_o the_o wind_n neither_o can_v i_o ever_o find_v that_o the_o wood_n of_o the_o cyen_n in_o the_o cleave_a do_v ever_o cement_v with_o the_o wood_n of_o the_o stock_n but_o only_o on_o the_o outside_n as_o the_o other_o do_v and_o those_o