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end_n league_n north_n west_n 5,773 5 10.5694 5 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A16489 Relations of the most famous kingdomes and common-wealths thorowout the world discoursing of their situations, religions, languages, manners, customes, strengths, greatnesse, and policies. Translated out of the best Italian impression of Boterus. And since the last edition by R.I. now once againe inlarged according to moderne observation; with addition of new estates and countries. Wherein many of the oversights both of the author and translator, are amended. And unto which, a mappe of the whole world, with a table of the countries, are now newly added.; Relazioni universali. English Botero, Giovanni, 1540-1617.; Johnson, Robert, fl. 1586-1626. 1630 (1630) STC 3404; ESTC S106541 447,019 654

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the_o english_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a puissance_n have_v of_o late_o build_v the_o fair_a ship_n of_o the_o world_n for_o that_o only_a trade_n and_o therein_o as_o now_o seat_v a_o hopeful_a and_o peaceable_a factorie_a the_o roman_a empire_n or_o germany_n this_o empire_n in_o its_o great_a glory_n viz._n in_o the_o day_n of_o trajan_n stretch_v from_o the_o irish_a ocean_n and_o beyond_o from_o the_o atlantic_a to_o the_o persian_a gulf_n and_o from_o catnes_n in_o scotland_n to_o the_o river_n albis_n and_o beyond_o to_o the_o danubie_n it_o begin_v first_o to_o decline_v by_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o galba_n otho_n and_o vttellius_fw-la for_o in_o those_o time_n the_o legion_n of_o brittany_n be_v transport_v into_o the_o continent_n holland_n and_o the_o border_a country_n revolt_v and_o immediate_o after_o the_o saracen_n find_v the_o frontier_n of_o the_o empire_n without_o garrison_n pass_v over_o danubius_n the_o alani_n win_v the_o straits_n of_o the_o caspian_a hill_n the_o persian_n endeavour_v to_o get_v they_o a_o name_n and_o reputation_n the_o goth_n wander_v throughout_o moesia_n and_o macedonia_n the_o frenchman_n enter_v gallia_n but_o constantine_n the_o emperor_n restore_v it_o to_o the_o former_a glory_n make_v a_o end_n of_o civil_a war_n and_o tame_v the_o barbarous_a and_o cruel_a nation_n and_o have_v he_o not_o commit_v two_o great_a fault_n this_o empire_n may_v long_o have_v flourish_v the_o first_o be_v the_o translate_n of_o the_o imperial_a seat_n from_o rome_n to_o constantinople_n which_o action_n weaken_v the_o west_n and_o overthrow_v the_o empire_n as_o plant_n remove_v out_o of_o their_o natural_a soil_n and_o transport_v into_o region_n contrary_a in_o temperature_n and_o air_n retain_v small_a vigour_n of_o their_o radical_a virtue_n as_o also_o because_o the_o manly_a and_o martial_a people_n of_o europe_n if_o they_o shall_v rebel_v can_v not_o be_v reduce_v to_o obedience_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o effeminate_a asian_o who_o or_o none_o the_o emperor_n of_o constantinople_n must_v of_o necessity_n make_v use_n of_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o situation_n in_o which_o regard_n the_o roman_a senate_n will_v never_o consent_v that_o the_o people_n shall_v leave_v rome_n and_o dwell_v at_o veij_n a_o city_n far_o more_o pleasant_a and_o more_o commodious_a than_o rome_n especial_o after_o the_o sack_n thereof_o by_o the_o frenchman_n the_o second_o fault_n of_o constantine_n be_v the_o division_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o his_o child_n anno_fw-la dom._n 341._o by_o this_o division_n of_o one_o empire_n he_o make_v three_o and_o withal_o a_o memorable_a diminution_n of_o his_o authority_n and_o force_n for_o when_o his_o son_n fall_v to_o civil_a dissension_n they_o consume_v one_o another_o so_o cruel_o that_o the_o empire_n resemble_v a_o bloodless_a yea_o a_o liveless_a body_n and_o though_o sometime_o under_o some_o one_o prince_n it_o stand_v on_o foot_n again_o yet_o it_o remain_v always_o subject_a to_o division_n and_o part_v into_o two_o empire_n the_o east_n and_o the_o west_n until_o the_o come_n of_o odoacer_n king_n of_o the_o herule_v and_o turingi_n into_o italy_n with_o a_o mighty_a host_n by_o which_o invasion_n augustulus_n suffer_v such_o irrecoverable_a loss_n that_o in_o extreme_a despair_n he_o be_v force_v to_o cast_v himself_o into_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o east_n empire_n this_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 476._o and_o about_o this_o time_n the_o hun_n pass_v danubius_n alaricus_n king_n of_o the_o goth_n take_v rome_n the_o vandal_n first_o spoil_v andaluzia_n afterward_o africa_n the_o alan_n win_v portugal_n the_o goth_n conquer_v the_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n the_o saxon_n brittany_n the_o burgundian_n provence_n anno_fw-la 556._o justinian_n restore_v it_o somewhat_o to_o a_o better_a state_n drive_v the_o vandal_n out_o of_o africa_n and_o the_o goth_n out_o of_o italy_n by_o his_o captain_n but_o this_o fair_a weather_n last_v not_o long_o for_o in_o the_o year_n 713._o the_o arm_n and_o heresy_n of_o the_o mahometan_n begin_v to_o vex_v the_o east_n empire_n and_o short_o after_o the_o sa●●●_n zon_v waste_v syria_n egypt_n the_o archipelago_n africa_n sie●_n and_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 735._o they_o vanquish_v narbon_n avignon_n tolouse_n bordeaux_n and_o the_o border_a region_n thus_o by_o little_a and_o little_o begin_v the_o western_a empire_n to_o droop_v and_o as_o it_o be_v to_o draw_v towards_o his_o last_o age_n as_o for_o the_o eastern_a it_o stand_v so_o weak_a and_o totter_a that_o with_o all_o the_o force_n it_o have_v it_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o defend_v constantinople_n against_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o saracen_n much_o less_o to_o minister_v aid_n to_o the_o western_a province_n but_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 800._o charles_n the_o great_a king_n of_o france_n obtain_v the_o title_n of_o the_o western_a empire_n and_o in_o some_o sort_n mitigate_v the_o fury_n of_o these_o barbarous_a nation_n and_o thus_o the_o western_a empire_n stand_v then_o divide_v that_o naples_n and_o sipont_n eastward_o with_o sicil_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o greek_a empire_n bononia_n shall_v remain_v to_o the_o lumbards_n the_o venetian_n be_v neuter_n the_o popedom_n free_a the_o rest_n charles_n shall_v possess_v blondus_n say_v that_o the_o empress_n irene_n give_v the_o first_o counsel_n to_o this_o division_n which_o afterward_o be_v confirm_v by_o nicephorus_n for_o before_o charles_n his_o time_n there_o be_v one_o form_n of_o government_n and_o the_o law_n magistracy_n and_o ordinance_n which_o be_v enact_v for_o the_o welfare_n of_o one_o empire_n tend_v to_o the_o good_a and_o honour_n of_o both_o as_o to_o the_o member_n of_o one_o body_n and_o if_o one_o emperor_n die_v without_o issue_n the_o whole_a empire_n remain_v to_o the_o survivor_n but_o when_o charles_n the_o great_a be_v choose_v emperor_n of_o the_o west_n there_o be_v no_o more_o regard_n take_v of_o the_o east_n empire_n neither_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o east_n have_v to_o do_v with_o the_o west_n nor_o the_o west_n with_o the_o east_n the_o empire_n of_o the_o west_n continue_v in_o this_o line_n above_o one_o hundred_o year_n and_o fail_v in_o arnolph_n the_o last_o of_o that_o house_n in_o the_o year_n 1453._o mahumet_n prince_n of_o the_o turk_n take_v constantinople_n and_o utter_o extinguish_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o eastern_a empire_n and_o as_o for_o the_o west_n viz._n italy_n the_o emperor_n have_v no_o more_o to_o do_v therein_o than_o have_v a_o pilgrim_n who_o be_v admit_v to_o visit_v the_o wonder_n of_o our_o lady_n of_o loretto_n for_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ._n 1002._o all_o claim_n of_o inheritance_n reject_v the_o creation_n of_o the_o emperor_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o free_a election_n of_o seven_o prince_n term_v elector_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o empire_n become_v elective_a which_o have_v so_o long_o continue_v hereditary_a in_o the_o house_n of_o charles_n be_v because_o otho_n the_o three_o leave_v no_o issue_n male_a after_o who_o the_o western_a empire_n be_v marvellous_o curtail_v and_o diminish_v nothing_o be_v leave_v but_o germany_n and_o a_o part_n of_o italy_n the_o pope_n hold_v romagna_n the_o venetian_n live_v free_a possess_v great_a dominion_n join_v to_o their_o state_n the_o norman_n take_v naples_n and_o sicil_n from_o the_o greek_n hold_v they_o in_o fee_n of_o the_o church_n first_o under_o clement_n the_o antipope_n then_o under_o nicholas_n the_o second_o and_o his_o successor_n who_o for_o their_o private_a gain_n ratify_v the_o former_a grant_n of_o clement_n antipope_n in_o tuscan_a and_o lombardy_n partly_o by_o the_o quarrel_n between_o henry_n the_o four_o henry_n the_o five_o frederick_n the_o first_o and_o frederick_n the_o second_o with_o the_o roman_a bishop_n partly_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o emperor_n reap_v more_o labour_n than_o honour_n more_o loss_n than_o profit_n and_o therefore_o rodulphus_fw-la terrify_v with_o the_o misfortune_n and_o cross_n of_o his_o predecessor_n have_v no_o great_a mind_n to_o travel_v into_o italy_n but_o sell_v they_o their_o liberty_n for_o a_o small_a matter_n they_o of_o luque_n pay_v ten_o thousand_o crown_n the_o florentine_n but_o six_o thousand_o and_o so_o every_o state_n by_o little_a and_o little_o forsake_v the_o emperor_n no_o part_n of_o italy_n remain_v but_o the_o bare_a title_n the_o duke_n of_o milan_n and_o so_o every_o other_o state_n usurp_v what_o they_o can_v catch_v without_o leave_n ask_v only_o they_o desire_v their_o investiture_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o francis_n after_o the_o conquest_n thereof_o do_v little_o regard_v this_o investiture_n say_v that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v it_o by_o the_o same_o mean_n that_o he_o have_v get_v it_o the_o prince_n beyond_o the_o mountain_n also_o withdraw_v their_o
superior_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n but_o for_o provision_n of_o war_n except_v powder_n whereof_o there_o be_v some_o store_n very_o mean_o furnish_v and_o for_o many_o respect_v not_o love_v of_o his_o neighbour_n prince_n this_o prince_n as_o the_o palatine_a be_v also_o of_o the_o order_n of_o england_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o germany_n as_o the_o duke_n of_o michelburg_n michelburg_n the_o landgrave_n of_o hesse_n the_o marquesse_n of_o baden_n hesse_n the_o marquesse_n of_o ansbach_n or_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o baden_n be_v in_o all_o respect_v much_o inferior_a to_o these_o already_o name_v ansbach_n need_v not_o to_o be_v bring_v into_o competition_n with_o the_o dukedom_n of_o saxony_n which_o make_v the_o case_n more_o lamentable_a that_o so_o mighty_a a_o princedom_n have_v be_v many_o year_n whole_o unite_v in_o maurice_n augustus_n and_o christianus_n shall_v now_o by_o the_o ill_a order_a custom_n of_o germany_n be_v distract_v and_o divide_v into_o part_n and_o likely_a in_o time_n to_o be_v more_o disunited_a by_o subdivide_v it_o again_o to_o future_a issue_n endless_a it_o be_v to_o write_v of_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o germany_n which_o be_v about_o forty_o in_o all_o beside_o seven_o archbishop_n and_o seven_o and_o forty_o bishop_n all_o man_n of_o great_a power_n and_o possession_n the_o imperial_a city_n be_v also_o signory_n by_o themselves_o each_o able_a to_o make_v levy_n of_o man_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n thus_o much_o therefore_o for_o germany_n geneva_n geneva_n be_v also_o a_o imperial_a city_n in_o savoy_n situation_n situate_v at_o the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o lake_n lemanus_n circuit_n hard_o by_o the_o lake_n it_o be_v in_o circuit_n about_o two_o english_a mile_n reasonable_a strong_a by_o nature_n and_o art_n as_o well_o for_o that_o it_o be_v seat_v on_o a_o hill_n which_o on_o the_o west_n be_v not_o easy_o accessible_a as_o also_o for_o that_o it_o be_v indifferent_o well_o fortify_v with_o raveling_n strength_n bulwark_n and_o platform_n beside_o a_o deep_a ditch_n the_o east_n and_o west_n part_v thereof_o stand_v continual_o full_a of_o water_n the_o south_n part_n remain_v dry_a continual_o and_o be_v well_o defend_v with_o casemat_n the_o better_a to_o scour_v the_o curtain_n it_o be_v so_o much_o the_o strong_a for_o that_o it_o stand_v almost_o in_o a_o island_n have_v the_o lake_n aforesaid_a on_o the_o north_n the_o river_n of_o rhosne_fw-fr upon_o the_o west_n and_o the_o river_n of_o arba_n upon_o the_o south_n be_v from_o the_o town_n half_o a_o mile_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o swiftness_n of_o the_o currant_n and_o great_a movable_a stone_n in_o the_o bottom_n which_o be_v violent_o carry_v down_o the_o river_n it_o be_v not_o passable_a but_o with_o great_a danger_n the_o river_n rhosne_fw-fr divide_v the_o town_n into_o two_o part_n the_o one_o be_v call_v the_o high_a town_n and_o the_o other_o saint_n gervais_n between_o the_o river_n in_o pass_v it_o divide_v itself_o into_o two_o branch_n make_v a_o little_a island_n wherein_o be_v some_o few_o house_n and_o seven_o or_o eight_o mill_n to_o grind_v corn_n the_o weak_a part_n of_o the_o town_n be_v upon_o the_o east-side_n and_o out_o of_o the_o west_n by_o saint_n gervais_n church_n and_o for_o that_o it_o may_v have_v be_v surprise_v from_o the_o lake_n monsieur_fw-fr la_fw-fr nove_n cause_v a_o new_a fort_n to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o lake_n by_o reason_n whereof_o that_o part_n be_v most_o secure_a the_o town_n be_v well_o people_v especial_o with_o woman_n insomuch_o as_o they_o common_o say_v that_o there_o be_v three_o woman_n for_o one_o man_n yield_v this_o reason_n that_o the_o war_n have_v consume_v their_o man_n they_o reckon_v some_o sixteen_o thousand_o of_o all_o sort_n territory_n the_o territory_n be_v small_a be_v no_o way_n above_o two_o league_n and_o a_o half_a yet_o by_o reason_n the_o soil_n be_v fruitful_a be_v well_o manure_v it_o bring_v grain_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o great_a store_n of_o wine_n there_o be_v likewise_o plenty_n of_o pasture_n and_o feed_v ground_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v very_o well_o provide_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o good_a flesh_n at_o a_o reasonable_a rate_n no_o want_n of_o good_a butter_n and_o cheese_n and_o for_o most_o part_n of_o wildfowl_n as_o partridge_n quail_n pheasant_n and_o mallard_n in_o great_a abundance_n there_o be_v all_o manner_n of_o good_a fruit_n fertility_n and_o especial_o excellent_a pearmaines_n beside_o the_o river_n and_o the_o lake_n afford_v divers_a sort_n of_o fresh_a fish_n as_o pike_n roch_n carpe_n tench_n etc._n etc._n and_o above_o all_o the_o best_a and_o big_a carp_n of_o europe_n the_o commodity_n of_o the_o duke_n country_n and_o of_o the_o bernesi_n with_o ten_o or_o twelve_o mile_n next_o adjoin_v be_v bring_v to_o this_o tower_n by_o reason_n the_o peasant_n can_v get_v no_o money_n in_o any_o other_o place_n which_o make_v the_o market_n to_o be_v well_o serve_v the_o town_n stand_v very_o well_o for_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n and_o if_o it_o may_v have_v peace_n it_o will_v grow_v rich_a in_o short_a time_n for_o the_o ordinary_a passage_n to_o transport_v commodity_n out_o of_o germany_n to_o france_n especial_o to_o lion_n and_o so_o back_o again_o into_o switzerland_n and_o germany_n be_v by_o this_o town_n beside_o all_o savoy_n in_o a_o manner_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bernesi_n resort_v hither_o to_o buy_v their_o armour_n apparel_n and_o other_o necessary_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n mechanical_a person_n make_v excellent_a good_a pecces_fw-la as_o musket_n caleever_n etc._n etc._n they_o likewise_o work_v satin_n velvet_n taffeta_n handicraft_n and_o some_o quantity_n of_o cloth_n though_o not_o very_o fine_a nor_o durable_a there_o be_v many_o good_a merchant_n especial_o italian_n who_o have_v great_a deal_n some_o other_o be_v think_v to_o be_v worth_a twenty_o thousand_o crown_n and_o in_o general_a the_o town_n be_v reasonable_a rich_a notwithstanding_o their_o war_n the_o ordinary_a revenue_n of_o the_o town_n revenue_n be_v some_o threescore_o thousand_o crown_n which_o arise_v of_o the_o gable_n of_o merchandise_n flesh_n demaine_n and_o tithe_n and_o if_o there_o may_v be_v peace_n it_o will_v amount_v to_o twice_o or_o thrice_o so_o much_o there_o be_v reasonable_a provision_n against_o a_o siege_n the_o town_n be_v able_a to_o make_v some_o two_o thousand_o man_n and_o one_o hundred_o horse_n and_o furnish_v they_o with_o all_o necessary_n and_o have_v the_o lake_n open_a they_o want_v no_o provision_n of_o corn_n or_o any_o victual_n in_o the_o arsenal_n there_o be_v armour_n for_o some_o two_o thousand_o man_n with_o musket_n pike_n caleever_n etc._n etc._n some_o twelve_o or_o fourteen_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n whereof_o there_o be_v about_o eight_o or_o nine_o canon_n and_o culvering_n plenty_n of_o small_a shot_n bullet_n and_o firework_n beside_o some_o sixty_o piece_n in_o the_o bulwark_n there_o be_v in_o former_a time_n provision_n of_o corn_n for_o six_o month_n but_o of_o late_a year_n they_o have_v not_o be_v so_o provident_a the_o people_n general_o be_v marvellous_a resolute_a to_o defend_v their_o town_n especial_o against_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n who_o they_o hate_v exceed_o and_o he_o they_o not_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o religion_n but_o in_o matter_n of_o state_n for_o the_o duke_n count_v they_o rebel_n and_o pretend_v a_o title_n to_o their_o town_n allege_v that_o till_o the_o year_n 1535._o they_o be_v under_o the_o rule_n of_o their_o bishop_n who_o be_v lord_n both_o in_o temporal_a and_o spiritual_a matter_n and_o the_o bishop_n acknowledge_v he_o for_o his_o chief_a lord_n and_o d●d_v he_o homage_n till_o the_o year_n thirty_o at_o which_o time_n and_o before_o the_o money_n which_o be_v coin_v in_o geneva_n be_v stamp_v with_o the_o duke_n name_n and_o figure_n upon_o it_o beside_o till_o the_o time_n aforesaid_a the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n may_v pardon_v offender_n that_o be_v condemn_v and_o further_o there_o be_v no_o sentence_n of_o law_n execute_v but_o the_o duke_n officer_n be_v make_v acquaint_v therewith_o in_o who_o power_n it_o be_v to_o disannul_v as_o he_o like_v best_a likewise_o in_o the_o year_n 1529._o when_o as_o those_o of_o geneva_n have_v league_v themselves_o with_o friburge_n the_o duke_n dislike_a thereof_o because_o it_o be_v do_v without_o his_o privity_n cause_v the_o league_n to_o be_v break_v allege_v that_o the_o town_n of_o geneva_n can_v not_o conclude_v a_o matter_n of_o such_o importance_n without_o his_o allowance_n and_o approbation_n beside_o all_o these_o reason_n before_o remember_v this_o also_o be_v allege_v as_o most_o material_a that_o duke_n charles_n come_v to_o geneva_n with_o