and_o at_o convenient_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o which_o you_o may_v contrive_v to_o do_v in_o draw_v out_o the_o first_o two_o year_n such_o as_o be_v of_o stature_n to_o be_v transplant_v from_o among_o they_o dress_v these_o once_o or_o twice_o a_o year_n by_o cut_v off_o the_o big_a side-branche_n to_o hasten_v their_o grow_a tall_a but_o leave_v some_o small_a side-branche_n for_o this_o cause_v they_o to_o thrive_v in_o bigness_n the_o more_o which_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v proportionable_a to_o their_o height_n or_o else_o they_o will_v be_v too_o weak_a to_o bear_v a_o top_n observe_v this_o also_o in_o graffed_a tree_n in_o your_o nursery_n or_o elsewhere_o chap._n iu._n of_o inoculate_v inoculate_v way_n of_o inoculate_v sect_n 1._o about_o a_o fortnight_n before_o or_o after_o midsummer_n which_o be_v the_o best_a time_n though_o it_o may_v be_v do_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o may_n till_o august_n when_o you_o have_v pitch_v upon_o such_o stock_n as_o be_v sit_v to_o be_v inoculate_v choose_v out_o a_o strong_a and_o well_o like_v branch_n or_o shoot_v of_o that_o year_n growth_n upon_o a_o tree_n that_o bear_v such_o kind_n of_o fruit_n as_o you_o will_v by_o this_o operation_n produce_v and_o about_o the_o middle_n or_o low_a end_n of_o it_o for_o the_o top_n will_v be_v too_o tender_a six_o upon_o a_o leaf_n that_o have_v a_o fresh_a and_o fair_a bud_n grow_v out_o betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o bark_n and_o about_o half_a a_o inch_n below_o and_o above_o the_o bud_n cut_v off_o the_o branch_n and_o so_o you_o will_v have_v a_o piece_n of_o it_o about_o a_o inch_n long_o remain_v with_o a_o bud_n and_o a_o leaf_n on_o this_o you_o must_v cleave_v just_a through_o the_o midst_n so_o as_o the_o bud_n may_v be_v direct_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o one_o half_a and_o then_o snip_n off_o a_o part_n of_o the_o leaf_n and_o hold_v it_o by_o the_o remainder_n clap_v it_o to_o a_o smooth_a place_n on_o the_o stock_n and_o with_o a_o penknife_n score_n out_o on_o each_o side_n of_o it_o so_o much_o of_o the_o stock_n as_o it_o cover_v or_o rather_o a_o little_o broad_a because_o when_o the_o bark_n on_o which_o the_o bud_n be_v be_v take_v off_o from_o its_o own_o wood_n and_o apply_v to_o the_o stock_n it_o will_v cover_v a_o wide_a space_n of_o the_o stock_n than_o it_o do_v before_o after_o you_o have_v thus_o mark_v your_o stock_n withdraw_v the_o cyen_v again_o and_o cut_v the_o bark_n through_o where_o you_o have_v mark_v it_o then_o cut_v the_o bark_n cross_n and_o straight_o from_o the_o uppermost_a end_n of_o one_o score_n to_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o other_o and_o cut_v the_o bark_n again_o cross_a and_o straight_o from_o one_o score_n to_o the_o other_o but_o not_o so_o low_a as_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o score_n by_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n then_o take_v the_o oblong_a square_a piece_n of_o bark_n that_o be_v cut_v on_o every_o side_n quite_o off_o the_o stock_n and_o raise_v up_o that_o part_n of_o the_o bark_n that_o remain_v betwixt_o the_o side_n score_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o work_n from_o the_o wood_n till_o you_o come_v to_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o side_n score_v take_v then_o a_o goose-quill_n cut_v in_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o apple-scoop_a or_o scraper_n and_o have_v with_o your_o nail_n a_o little_a loosen_a the_o upper_a part_n of_o that_o bark_n that_o be_v on_o the_o cyen_n thrust_v the_o quill_n betwixt_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o wood_n hold_v it_o close_o to_o the_o wood_n that_o it_o may_v separate_v they_o and_o take_v off_o with_o the_o bark_n a_o little_a wood_n or_o root_n of_o the_o bud_n over_o against_o it_o if_o you_o see_v a_o hole_n on_o the_o inside_n over_o against_o the_o bud_n when_o you_o have_v take_v the_o bark_n off_o cast_v it_o away_o that_o little_a labour_n be_v lose_v and_o try_v another_o till_o you_o find_v it_o otherwise_o then_o put_v in_o the_o low_a end_n of_o that_o bark_n or_o cyen_n betwixt_o the_o bark_n that_o be_v raise_v on_o the_o stock_n and_o the_o wood_n and_o so_o bound_v it_o on_o the_o stock_n gentle_o with_o woolen-yarn_n or_o narrow_a shred_n of_o linnen-cloth_n or_o gentle_a stuff_n or_o with_o base_n or_o bast_n of_o which_o the_o russia_n mat_n be_v make_v but_o so_o that_o the_o cyen_fw-mi may_v lie_v close_o to_o the_o wood_n of_o the_o stock_n that_o be_v make_v bare_a and_o have_v a_o special_a care_n that_o you_o hurt_v not_o the_o bud_n way_n several_a other_o way_n sect._n 2._o there_o be_v some_o other_o way_n of_o inoculate_v use_v differ_v only_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o cut_n both_o in_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o of_o the_o cyen_n and_o first_o some_o proceed_n in_o all_o other_o thing_n as_o be_v before_o direct_v cut_v the_o bark_n out_o of_o the_o whole_a length_n of_o the_o side_n score_n and_o apply_v the_o cyen_v to_o the_o disbark_v place_n second_o other_o cut_z one_o slit_v only_o down_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o another_o cross_n the_o top_n of_o it_o like_o a_o great_a t_o when_o this_o be_v do_v they_o prepare_v the_o cyen_n or_o bark_v as_o before_o direct_v only_o cut_v it_o sharp_a point_a at_o the_o low_a end_n before_o they_o take_v the_o bud_n off_o its_o wood_n then_o raise_v the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n up_o on_o each_o side_n the_o slit_n and_o put_v in_o the_o cyen_fw-mi begin_v at_o the_o top_n and_o slide_v it_o downward_o gentle_o and_o so_o bind_v the_o bark_n gentle_o upon_o it_o this_o be_v the_o common_a way_n use_v among_o gardener_n three_o you_o may_v make_v the_o cross_n cut_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o downright_a score_n on_o the_o stock_n and_o lift_v up_o the_o four_o corner_n of_o the_o bark_n and_o make_v the_o cyen_n sharp_a at_o both_o end_n put_v it_o under_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n at_o both_o end_n and_o then_o bound_v it_o but_o in_o do_v this_o there_o be_v danger_n of_o hurt_v the_o cyen_n four_o mr_n rea_n commend_v the_o make_v the_o cross_n cut_v at_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o down_o right_o cut_v and_o have_v open_v the_o side_n put_v in_o the_o cyen_fw-mi upward_o be_v make_v sharp_a at_o the_o upper_a end_n only_o thus_o much_o to_o satisfy_v the_o curiosity_n of_o such_o as_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o make_v trial_n of_o every_o way_n but_o the_o first_o that_o i_o have_v describe_v at_o large_a i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o best_a chap._n v._o observation_n touch_v inoculate_v rule_n necessary_a rule_n sect_n 1._o lest_o one_o bud_n fail_v or_o any_o mischance_n break_v it_o put_v two_o in_o every_o stock_n but_o not_o direct_o under_o one_o another_o on_o the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o stock_n the_o branch_n or_o shoot_v you_o cut_v one_o cyen_v off_o may_v yield_v you_o several_a about_o a_o month_n after_o the_o inoculate_v or_o soon_o if_o you_o perceive_v the_o bark_n swell_v where_o the_o bind_n be_v cut_v off_o the_o bind_n if_o it_o grow_v it_o will_v fix_v to_o the_o stock_n keep_v its_o colour_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o leaf_n and_o stalk_n that_o be_v leave_v will_v drop_v off_o and_o the_o bud_n appear_v fair_a then_o sometime_o before_o the_o next_o spring_n cut_v off_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stock_n a_o hand_n breadth_n above_o the_o place_n it_o be_v inoculate_v at_o and_o all_o the_o side-branche_n that_o grow_v any_o where_o upon_o the_o stock_n and_o at_o spring_n the_o bud_n will_v put_v forth_o and_o if_o any_o other_o sprout_n or_o bud_n appear_v on_o the_o stock_n cut_v they_o off_o a_o denote_v the_o cut_n of_o the_o bark_n for_o inoculate_v the_o first_o way_n direct_v b_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o bark_n take_v off_o and_o the_o low_a part_n raise_v c_o the_o bark_n prepare_v to_o put_v in_o the_o stock_n d_o the_o first_o inoculation_n finish_v e_o the_o second_o way_n describe_v by_o take_v the_o bark_n off_o the_o stock_n in_o a_o oblong_a square_n f_o the_o same_o finish_v g_o the_o cut_v the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n according_a to_o the_o gardiner_n ordinary_a way_n h_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bark_n open_v to_o put_v in_o the_o bark_n or_o shield_n i_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o cyen_n prepare_v for_o that_o purpose_n k_o this_o way_n of_o inoculation_n finish_v l_o the_o cut_n of_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n according_a to_o mr._n rea_n be_v best_a approbation_n m_o the_o open_v the_o bark_n on_o each_o side_n the_o slit_n n_o the_o bark_n prepare_v to_o be_v put_v in_o o_o the_o same_o finish_v p_o the_o cut_n of_o the_o cyen_n and_o the_o stock_n for_o side-graffing_a q_o the_o cut_n of_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n for_o
a_o year_n time_n and_o more_o choose_v such_o sucker_n as_o grow_v at_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o old_a tree_n dwarf_n order_v the_o head_n of_o dwarf_n sect._n 9_o in_o graft_n or_o inoculate_v stock_n for_o dwarf-tree_n observe_v to_o do_v it_o as_o low_a as_o you_o well_o can_v with_o two_o cyen_n and_o those_o long_o than_o in_o graft_n for_o large_a standard_n that_o they_o may_v spread_v from_o the_o ground_n and_o after_o they_o be_v grow_v two_o or_o three_o year_n in_o the_o place_n they_o be_v to_o stand_v in_o to_o make_v they_o spread_v and_o to_o keep_v the_o bough_n outward_a you_o may_v tie_v a_o old_a hoop_n of_o a_o barrel_n or_o some_o such_o thing_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o branch_n to_o bear_v they_o a_o good_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o but_o if_o one_o branch_n be_v much_o strong_a or_o more_o incline_v to_o grow_v upright_o than_o the_o rest_n than_o you_o may_v drive_v a_o stake_n into_o the_o ground_n and_o tie_v the_o sturdy_a one_o down_o to_o it_o if_o you_o cut_v the_o bark_n crosswise_o in_o several_a place_n on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o branch_n when_o they_o be_v place_v as_o you_o will_v have_v they_o it_o will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o make_v they_o more_o willing_a to_o continue_v in_o that_o order_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n after_o some_o year_n growth_n if_o any_o one_o branch_n shoot_v out_o much_o further_a than_o the_o other_o cut_v off_o its_o top_n to_o keep_v it_o even_o with_o the_o rest_n and_o yearly_o cut_v much_o off_o especial_o new_a shoot_v that_o grow_v direct_o upward_o after_o they_o be_v grow_v to_o that_o height_n you_o design_v they_o to_o be_v of_o which_o may_v be_v about_o a_o yard_n and_o a_o half_a cut_n tree_n of_o cut_n sect._n 10._o have_v direct_v how_o to_o raise_v kentish-codling_n gennet-moil_n quince_n or_o any_o that_o grow_v of_o cut_n for_o stock_n i_o need_v give_v no_o other_o rule_n for_o raise_v tree_n or_o hedge_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o fruit_n only_o you_o need_v not_o cut_v they_o so_o short_a as_o you_o do_v for_o stock_n i_o have_v see_v codling_n graff_v on_o crab-stock_n and_o set_v in_o a_o garden_n but_o i_o think_v it_o will_v increase_v their_o growth_n because_o crab-stock_n have_v great_a root_n and_o will_v yield_v they_o more_o plenty_n of_o nourishment_n than_o root_n of_o their_o own_o put_v forth_o when_o they_o be_v raise_v by_o cut_n other_o graff_n gennet-moil_n on_o crab-stock_n and_o they_o thrive_v well_o and_o bear_v a_o large_a and_o some_o think_v a_o better_a fruit_n than_o those_o tree_n of_o that_o kind_n raise_v by_o cut_n i_o have_v graff_v several_a of_o they_o in_o rough_a and_o woody_a ground_n which_o have_v grow_v with_o very_o strong_a shoot_n and_o cover_v the_o stock_n very_o soon_o chap._n x._o of_o plant_v a_o orchard_n sect_n 1._o so_o far_o as_o it_o lie_v in_o a_o man_n power_n to_o choose_v a_o plot_n of_o ground_n for_o his_o orchard_n ground_n choice_n of_o ground_n he_o ought_v to_o do_v it_o with_o respect_n to_o these_o advantage_n it_o shall_v lie_v convenient_o near_o he_o decline_v and_o lie_v open_a towards_o the_o south_n southeast_n or_o south-west_n and_o defend_v from_o the_o north_n north-east_n and_o north-west_n wind_n by_o building_n wood_n or_o high_a ground_n the_o land_n shall_v rather_o incline_v to_o dryness_n than_o moisture_n without_o spring_n the_o soil_v deep_a and_o a_o fat_a earth_n not_o a_o stiff_a cold_a clay_n or_o bind_v gravel_n nor_o a_o light_n sandy_a or_o eskie_a hollow_a earth_n yet_o with_o good_a husbandry_n if_o it_o run_v not_o into_o the_o extreme_n of_o any_o of_o these_o fruit-tree_n may_v prosper_v reasonable_a well_o in_o it_o a._n the_o erder_n of_o tree_n in_o the_o orchard_n b._n the_o garden_n wall_n c._n the_o chissell_n d._n the_o ladder_n e._n the_o instrument_n to_o graft_v in_o the_o bark_v with_o ground_n to_o qualify_v ground_n sect._n 2._o if_o the_o land_n you_o intend_v for_o it_o be_v a_o turf_n or_o green-sward_a you_o will_v do_v well_o to_o plough_v it_o two_o year_n before_o you_o set_v your_o tree_n in_o it_o to_o make_v it_o mellow_a and_o loose_a that_o the_o tree_n may_v the_o better_o take_v root_n and_o you_o may_v then_o lay_v on_o manure_n which_o by_o plough_v will_v be_v well_o mix_v with_o the_o natural_a soil_n and_o use_v such_o manure_n as_o will_v best_o suit_v to_o amend_v it_o according_a to_o what_o you_o have_v hear_v before_o in_o the_o 8_o chap._n sect._n the_o 6_o if_o your_o land_n lie_v very_o flat_a that_o wet_a be_v apt_a to_o stand_v upon_o it_o or_o be_v a_o shallow_a soil_n you_o may_v something_o help_v it_o in_o plough_v also_o by_o gather_v the_o land_n always_o up_o in_o and_o near_o the_o place_n where_o you_o intend_v the_o row_n of_o tree_n shall_v afterward_o stand_v which_o in_o two_o year_n time_n will_v something_o raise_v it_o and_o thicken_v the_o soil_n and_o the_o reanes_n or_o furrow_n so_o make_v will_v help_v to_o carry_v off_o the_o water_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o springey_a land_n you_o must_v trench_v it_o at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o that_o deep_a than_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o spring_n run_v in_o the_o earth_n which_o you_o may_v leave_v open_a and_o yearly_o cleanse_v or_o fill_v it_o with_o ole_a bough_n and_o cover_v they_o with_o the_o turf_n and_o earth_n that_o come_v forth_o much_o high_a than_o the_o other_o land_n for_o the_o wood_n and_o loose_a earth_n will_v sink_v very_o much_o by_o degree_n if_o it_o be_v not_o springey_a but_o only_o lie_v so_o low_a and_o flat_a that_o in_o the_o winter_n rain_n or_o land-flood_n will_v lie_v upon_o it_o and_o that_o it_o have_v be_v late_o plough_v or_o that_o you_o will_v not_o lose_v two_o year_n time_n by_o plough_v it_o before_o you_o set_v your_o tree_n or_o if_o it_o be_v a_o shallow_a or_o ebb_a soil_n you_o have_v best_o set_v the_o tree_n by_o tump_v according_a to_o the_o direction_n in_o field-planting_a which_o you_o will_v find_v hereafter_o speak_v full_o to_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n ground_n of_o uneven_a ground_n sect._n 3_o if_o there_o be_v any_o unevenness_n in_o the_o land_n some_o direct_a to_o level_v it_o by_o carry_v the_o bank_n into_o low_a place_n but_o this_o will_v not_o only_o be_v very_o chargeable_a but_o hurtful_a by_o make_v the_o high_a place_n too_o barren_a and_o the_o low_a ground_n too_o rich_a but_o that_o your_o tree_n may_v grow_v somewhat_o level_a in_o their_o top_n and_o not_o one_o over-shade_n another_o and_o also_o appear_v comely_a you_o may_v forecast_v to_o set_v such_o tree_n as_o grow_v pendent_a or_o be_v not_o apt_a to_o grow_v tall_a tree_n on_o the_o high_a ground_n and_o such_o as_o be_v aspire_v in_o the_o low_a place_n it_o time_n and_o manner_n of_o plant_v it_o sect._n 4._o the_o best_a time_n to_o transplant_v into_o orchard_n be_v from_o the_o end_n of_o september_n to_o near_o the_o end_n of_o november_n the_o soon_o the_o better_a if_o the_o leaf_n be_v not_o all_o fall_v when_o you_o remove_v your_o tree_n pick_v they_o off_o if_o your_o tree_n be_v not_o very_o weak_a body_v prune_n they_o up_o leave_v three_o or_o four_o of_o the_o principal_a branch_n on_o the_o top_n that_o grow_v outward_a which_o shall_v be_v lop_v off_o almost_o a_o year_n growth_n but_o if_o they_o be_v weak_a lest_o the_o wind_n shall_v injure_v they_o by_o toss_v they_o you_o may_v top_v they_o low_o do_v it_o at_o a_o bud_n or_o small_a twig_n and_o in_o big_a tree_n cut_v the_o top_n almost_o all_o off_o and_o whensoever_o you_o transplant_v young_a tree_n cut_v off_o the_o end_n of_o all_o big_a root_n tree_n of_o removal_n of_o tree_n sect._n 5._o at_o three_o year_n end_n after_o graft_n in_o the_o nursery_n tree_n may_v be_v fit_a to_o be_v remove_v into_o a_o orchard_n especial_o if_o you_o plough_v or_o which_o be_v safe_o dig_v the_o orchard_n land_n and_o set_v bean_n and_o other_o kitchen-garden-stuff_n in_o it_o for_o some_o year_n but_o if_o it_o be_v such_o a_o piece_n of_o land_n that_o you_o graze_v than_o you_o must_v be_v sure_a their_o head_n be_v grow_v out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o cattle_n before_o you_o set_v they_o there_o and_o you_o must_v fence_v they_o one_o of_o the_o way_n mention_v hereafter_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o field-planting_a distance_n of_o distance_n sect._n 6._o the_o distance_n of_o tree_n in_o orchard_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v less_o than_o eight_o yard_n neither_o need_v it_o be_v more_o than_o thirteen_o or_o fourteen_o the_o rich_a the_o land_n be_v the_o great_a distance_n you_o ought_v to_o set_v the_o tree_n at_o from_o one_o another_o to_o which_o
of_o the_o ground_n again_o not_o above_o one_o or_o two_o bud_n you_o may_v chance_v to_o have_v sucker_n of_o a_o old_a vine_n which_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o grow_v sucker_n sucker_n or_o you_o may_v take_v cut_n of_o vine_n branch_n of_o that_o year_n growth_n cut_n cut_n and_o set_v they_o in_o good_a warm_a loose_a land_n and_o many_o will_v grow_v if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o place_n you_o intend_v they_o shall_v always_o stand_v in_o next_o year_n lie_v down_o a_o part_n of_o that_o which_o have_v grow_v out_o to_o root_v also_o or_o else_o upon_o removal_n lay_v in_o the_o new_a growth_n all_o but_o a_o bud_n or_o two_o with_o that_o part_n which_o be_v already_o root_v if_o it_o have_v make_v but_o small_a growth_n the_o first_o year_n lay_v part_n of_o the_o second_o year_n growth_n in_o the_o ground_n it_o will_v more_o advantage_v they_o by_o help_v they_o to_o good_a root_n than_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o year_n or_o two_o growth_n in_o the_o top_n will_v amount_v to_o vine_n cure_v a_o old_a vine_n if_o you_o have_v a_o old_a vine_n that_o bear_v not_o well_o lay_v down_o in_o february_n or_o march_v some_o of_o the_o strong_a branch_n of_o the_o forego_n year_n that_o grow_v low_a in_o the_o mould_n under_o the_o old_a tree_n without_o cut_v they_o off_o leave_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n a_o bud_n or_o two_o to_o grow_v and_o your_o wall_n will_v quick_o be_v furnish_v with_o new_a and_o fresh_a branch_n so_o that_o by_o degree_n you_o may_v cut_v off_o many_o of_o the_o old_a branch_n of_o the_o vine_n for_o though_o one_o vine_n may_v cover_v abundance_n of_o wall_v yet_o three_o or_o four_o root_n in_o that_o compass_n will_v strengthen_v it_o the_o more_o to_o bear_v prune_v of_o prune_v sect._n 3_o as_o vine_n stand_v in_o more_o need_n of_o prune_v than_o other_o fruit-tree_n so_o great_a care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o perform_n of_o it_o when_o you_o have_v set_v your_o vine_n as_o you_o have_v be_v before_o direct_v so_o that_o not_o above_o two_o bud_n of_o it_o remain_v above_o ground_n you_o be_v to_o nail_v up_o such_o branch_n as_o grow_v forth_o up_o to_o the_o wall_n till_o it_o have_v overspread_v as_o much_o wall_n as_o you_o design_n for_o it_o suffer_v not_o above_o two_o branch_n to_o grow_v from_o the_o ground_n and_o snip_v yearly_o the_o top_n of_o the_o branch_n a_o considerable_a length_n as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v weak_a and_o tender_a and_o also_o all_o small_a poor_a one_o close_o to_o the_o body_n unless_o the_o well_o like_v branch_n be_v but_o few_o and_o then_o you_o may_v leave_v the_o low_a bud_n of_o some_o of_o they_o to_o grow_v forth_o next_o year_n and_o this_o you_o be_v to_o do_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o february_n or_o beginning_n of_o march_n yearly_o when_o your_o vine_n come_v to_o bear_v you_o be_v to_o use_v your_o knife_n about_o it_o three_o time_n in_o the_o year_n 1._o time_n time_n in_o february_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n you_o be_v to_o prune_v off_o part_n of_o the_o forego_n year_n shoot_v where_o they_o be_v too_o thick_a close_o to_o the_o old_a wood_n as_o it_o enrich_v your_o vine_n to_o keep_v it_o thin_a of_o branch_n so_o you_o must_v take_v care_v it_o be_v well_o store_v with_o bud_n against_o the_o spring_n follow_v for_o it_o bear_v grape_n only_o on_o the_o new_a shoot_v of_o every_o year_n and_o in_o cut_v off_o these_o branch_n you_o must_v take_v care_n your_o wall_n continue_v furnish_v with_o such_o branch_n as_o may_v be_v spread_v upon_o the_o wall_n regular_o and_o decent_o not_o thick_a in_o one_o place_n and_o thin_a in_o another_o nor_o cross_v one_o another_o 2._o the_o next_o time_n to_o take_v off_o superfluity_n from_o your_o vine_n be_v about_o midsummer_n when_o the_o grape_n be_v knit_v clip_v off_o then_o the_o end_n of_o the_o branch_n that_o have_v grape_n on_o they_o a_o little_a above_o the_o grape_n that_o they_o may_v have_v the_o more_o nourishment_n and_o keep_v they_o nail_v to_o the_o wall_n as_o also_o barren_a branch_n where_o the_o wall_n need_v they_o 3._o the_o last_o time_n of_o cut_v be_v in_o august_n for_o then_o because_o leaf_n and_o branch_n may_v be_v so_o thick_a as_o to_o keep_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o grape_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o ripen_v they_o you_o may_v pluck_v off_o some_o of_o the_o leaf_n and_o cut_v off_o some_o of_o the_o branch_n to_o open_a way_n for_o the_o sun_n to_o come_v to_o they_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o prune_n these_o peculiar_a to_o it_o place_n place_n that_o whereas_o other_o be_v cut_v at_o a_o bud_n the_o branch_n of_o these_o must_v be_v cut_v off_o near_o the_o midst_n betwixt_o two_o bud_n and_o that_o not_o late_a in_o the_o year_n than_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n for_o afterward_o the_o sap_n or_o juice_n will_v run_v out_o and_o the_o vine_n will_v be_v much_o weaken_v by_o bleed_a bleed_v bleed_v you_o will_v by_o that_o time_n also_o see_v what_o the_o frost_n of_o the_o winter_n forego_v have_v kill_v which_o must_v be_v take_v all_o away_o if_o frost_n come_v before_o any_o grape_n be_v ripe_a frost_n frost_n defend_v they_o in_o the_o night_n time_n with_o tilâ—s_n or_o mat_n sect._n 4._o vineyard_n vineyard_n it_o be_v scarce_o worth_a while_n to_o have_v a_o vineyard_n here_o in_o england_n there_o have_v begn_n many_o and_o now_o so_o few_o afford_v a_o strong_a argument_n to_o prove_v that_o attempt_n of_o that_o kind_n never_o turn_v to_o account_v the_o usage_n of_o the_o people_n in_o such_o case_n be_v of_o no_o small_a authority_n it_o be_v possible_a that_o person_n that_o have_v very_o warm_a ground_n well_o situate_v with_o care_n and_o industry_n may_v some_o year_n have_v good_a grape_n without_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o wall_n i_o have_v see_v not_o far_o from_o bristol_n in_o a_o year_n that_o be_v very_o favourable_a to_o they_o grape_n ripen_v well_o without_o such_o help_n sect._n 5._o figtree_n figtree_n figtree_n ought_v to_o be_v plant_v in_o a_o very_a warm_a place_n against_o a_o wall_n defend_v from_o the_o north_n and_o north-east_n wind_n every_o old_a tree_n will_v yield_v plenty_n of_o sucker_n fit_a to_o raise_v new_a one_o sect._n 6._o quince-tree_n quince-tree_n you_o have_v see_v the_o way_n of_o raise_v quince-tree_n in_o the_o chapter_n of_o dwarf_n i_o shall_v here_o only_o add_v that_o if_o you_o have_v a_o part_n of_o a_o tree_n that_o grow_v so_o low_a that_o you_o can_v bring_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n either_o by_o plash_v or_o otherwise_o you_o may_v do_v it_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n and_o cover_v it_o all_o with_o earth_n but_o the_o end_n of_o the_o branch_n and_o let_v it_o continue_v so_o one_o year_n and_o then_o uncover_v it_o and_o every_o twig_n will_v have_v put_v forth_o root_n in_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o transplant_v will_v make_v you_o a_o tree_n and_o this_o be_v the_o way_n of_o propagate_a of_o fruit-tree_n by_o layer_n layer_n layer_n and_o you_o may_v here_o take_v notice_n that_o all_o such_o tree_n that_o may_v be_v propagate_v by_o cut_n may_v be_v raise_v likewise_o by_o layer_n and_o this_o way_n take_v more_o sure_a than_o by_o cut_n quince-tree_n delight_v in_o a_o moist_a rich_a land_n soil_n soil_n near_o some_o gutter_n that_o carry_v away_o the_o soak_v or_o wash_v of_o a_o dunghill_n or_o house_n be_v a_o place_n usual_o choose_v for_o they_o and_o be_v such_o as_o they_o like_v very_o well_o in_o sect._n 7._o medlar-tree_n medlar-tree_n medlar_n be_v raise_v by_o graft_n on_o the_o pear-tree_n crabtree_n white-thorn_n or_o service-tree_n the_o last_o be_v the_o best_a and_o the_o white-thorn_n by_o much_o the_o worst_a you_o may_v get_v plant_n of_o service_n out_o of_o wood_n service-tree_n service-tree_n where_o they_o grow_v wild_a from_o which_o you_o may_v raise_v service-tree_n or_o stock_n for_o medlar_n or_o if_o you_o can_v get_v none_o such_o graft_v the_o service_n on_o the_o wickey-berry-tree_n or_o the_o white-thorn_n sect._n 8._o wallnut-tree_n wallnut-tree_n wallnut-tree_n be_v much_o plant_v of_o late_a and_o be_v very_o proper_a for_o walk_n in_o ground_n and_o a_o good_a fence_n to_o shelter_v building_n and_o orchard_n the_o fruit_n be_v useful_a and_o very_o profitable_a if_o you_o can_v spare_v any_o to_o sell_v or_o for_o oil_n for_o painter_n if_o the_o market_n shall_v be_v glut_v with_o they_o and_o the_o timber_n so_o excellent_a for_o table_n chair_n and_o stool_n stook_v of_o gun_n etc._n etc._n that_o it_o go_v off_o well_o and_o take_v a_o good_a price_n raise_v way_n of_o raise_v they_o be_v raise_v by_o nut_n
gather_v from_o the_o same_o tree_n if_o you_o can_v let_v they_o have_v their_o green_a husk_n on_o they_o for_o the_o bitterness_n thereof_o will_v defend_v the_o kernel_n from_o be_v eat_v by_o worm_n before_o they_o spring_v up_o but_o you_o must_v chief_o respect_v their_o full_a ripeness_n at_o which_o time_n they_o be_v apt_a to_o shed_v their_o husk_n you_o may_v either_o set_v they_o as_o they_o come_v immediate_o from_o the_o tree_n or_o keep_v they_o in_o the_o sand_n till_o march._n transplant_n soil_n and_o transplant_n set_a they_o in_o rich_a dry_a warm_a land_n and_o when_o you_o transplant_v they_o set_v they_o as_o speedy_o as_o you_o can_v after_o take_v up_o and_o cut_v off_o little_a of_o the_o root_n but_o by_o no_o mean_n the_o tap_n or_o heart-root_n as_o in_o other_o tree_n and_o top_v they_o not_o at_o all_o if_o you_o can_v help_v it_o but_o if_o the_o tree_n be_v so_o tall_a crooked_a or_o dead_a at_o the_o top_n before_o removal_n that_o you_o must_v put_v a_o peg_n or_o some_o soft_a wax_n into_o the_o pith-pole_n or_o cover_v the_o cut_n with_o clay_n that_o wet_a may_v not_o get_v in_o and_o make_v it_o die_v downward_o because_o these_o tree_n have_v a_o large_a pith_n when_o you_o do_v cut_v off_o the_o top_n do_v it_o if_o you_o can_v at_o a_o side_n branch_n or_o sprig_n and_o that_o will_v spread_v under_o the_o clay_n and_o cover_v the_o top_n again_o you_o may_v cut_v off_o many_o side_n branch_n when_o you_o transplant_v they_o no_o cattle_n will_v bronze_a or_o peel_v they_o fence_v fence_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o bitterness_n so_o that_o a_o fence_n that_o will_v preserve_v they_o from_o cattle_n rub_v against_o they_o be_v sufficient_a they_o will_v grow_v well_o in_o a_o loose_a soil_n soil_n gravelly_a stony_a or_o almost_o rockey_a land_n and_o best_a where_o they_o be_v at_o first_o set_v without_o be_v remove_v 〈◊〉_d plant_v without_o 〈◊〉_d to_o which_o end_n you_o may_v in_o such_o a_o hillock_n as_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o field-planting_a but_o not_o so_o broad_a nor_o so_o high_a set_v three_o or_o four_o nut_n or_o more_o and_o about_o two_o year_n after_o they_o be_v grow_v up_o pluck_v up_o gentle_o all_o but_o one_o of_o they_o that_o be_v likely_a to_o make_v the_o best_a tree_n i_o have_v see_v chestnut-tree_n grow_v in_o england_n to_o be_v very_o large_a chestnut-tree_n chestnut-tree_n and_o bear_v good_a fruit_n on_o a_o hot_a dry_a land_n they_o be_v excellent_a for_o a_o defence_n from_o wind_n and_o better_a than_o walnut-tree_n but_o of_o much_o slow_a growth_n it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o top_v they_o as_o some_o do_v when_o they_o transplant_v they_o raise_v way_n of_o raise_v they_o be_v raise_v by_o set_v nut_n that_o be_v come_v fresh_a from_o beyond_o sea_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n or_o from_o good_a nut_n well_o ripen_v in_o england_n which_o you_o may_v set_v with_o the_o husk_n on_o when_o they_o be_v fall_v or_o rather_o keep_v in_o sand_n till_o the_o great_a frost_n be_v over_o these_o tree_n grow_v best_a likewise_o without_o be_v ever_o remove_v some_o say_v they_o will_v grow_v well_o be_v graff_v upon_o oakes_n beech_n or_o walnut-tree_n the_o horse-chesnut_n grow_v of_o layer_n and_o make_v delicate_a tree_n for_o avenue_n nut_n filbeard_n nut_n filbeard_n and_o hazle-nut_n worthy_a to_o be_v plant_v in_o orchard_n or_o garden_n be_v raise_v from_o nut_n set_v in_o the_o earth_n or_o sucker_n from_o the_o root_n of_o a_o old_a tree_n or_o may_v be_v graff_v on_o the_o common_a hazelnut_n sect._n 9_o mulberry-tree_n be_v raise_v by_o sucker_n layer_n or_o cut_n raspberry_n goosbery_n curran_n barberry_n and_o raspberry_n goosberry_n currant_n barberry_n and_o raspberry_n be_v raise_v by_o sucker_n of_o which_o you_o may_v have_v plenty_n about_o the_o root_n of_o old_a tree_n when_o they_o have_v grow_v some_o year_n suffer_v not_o many_o sucker_n to_o grow_v about_o they_o nor_o cut_v the_o top_n to_o a_o round_a close_a bush_n as_o many_o gardener_n do_v whereby_o they_o grow_v so_o thick_a that_o they_o neither_o hear_v nor_o ripen_v their_o fruit_n so_o well_o as_o if_o they_o grow_v tall_a and_o thin_a chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o fruit_n fruit-tree_n of_o choice_n of_o fruit-tree_n sect_n 1._o as_o to_o wall-fruit_n and_o dwarf_n if_o the_o planter_n have_v convenient_a room_n he_o ought_v not_o only_o to_o have_v one_o or_o two_o tree_n of_o each_o good_a kind_n but_o also_o some_o of_o that_o which_o be_v but_o indifferent_a that_o be_v ripe_a or_o will_v keep_v good_a at_o such_o time_n when_o better_a eat_v fruit_n be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v and_o more_o of_o last_a winter_n fruit_n than_o of_o summer_n or_o any_o one_o sort_n peach_n of_o peach_n sect._n 2._o of_o peach_n the_o first_o and_o soon_a ripe_a be_v the_o white-nutmeg_n next_o to_o that_o the_o red-nutmeg_n next_o to_o that_o the_o troy_n which_o be_v ripe_a almost_o assoon_o and_o a_o better_a fruit_n next_o ripe_a be_v the_o izabella_n savoy_n early_n newington_n bordeaux_n old_a newington_n violet-muscat_n persian_a modena_n morello_n rumbullian_n scarlet_a bellice_n royal_a peach_n these_o be_v account_v excellent_a kind_n of_o peach_n and_o there_o be_v many_o other_o good_a sort_n beside_o these_o and_o so_o there_o be_v of_o apple_n pear_n etc._n etc._n more_o than_o i_o have_v mention_v in_o this_o tract_n for_o i_o think_v it_o not_o necessary_a to_o trouble_v either_o the_o reader_n or_o myself_o with_o they_o here_o but_o only_o to_o mention_v some_o choice_a fruit_n of_o every_o kind_n and_o leave_v every_o one_o to_o please_v his_o own_o fancy_n and_o store_n himself_o with_o they_o or_o other_o as_o he_o approve_v they_o and_o have_v convenience_n so_o to_o do_v nectarine_n of_o nectarine_n sect._n 3_o the_o best_a nectarine_n be_v the_o red-roman_a murry_n tawny_a paper-white_a nectarine_n there_o be_v other_o though_o worse_o sort_n as_o the_o yellow_a paint_a russet_a red_a nectarine_n the_o algiers_n be_v commend_v by_o some_o because_o it_o part_v easy_o from_o the_o stone_n apricock_n of_o apricock_n sect._n 4._o among_o apricock_n the_o algiers_n and_o masculine_a be_v first_o ripe_a the_o turkey_n be_v much_o commend_v so_o be_v the_o orange_n the_o white_a apricock_n be_v also_o account_v better_o than_o the_o common_a plum_n of_o plum_n sect._n 5._o plum_n to_o be_v prefer_v before_o other_o be_v as_o follow_v the_o red_a and_o blue_a primordian_a as_o be_v first_o ripe_a though_o not_o so_o good_a fruit_n as_o several_a follow_v the_o next_o ripe_a the_o morocco_n merabolen_v violet_a apricock_n barbary_n black_a and_o green_n damascene_fw-la prunella_n queen_n mother_n king_n matchless_a black-pear-plum_n peascod_n bonum_fw-la magnumque_fw-la cheston_n marble_v imperial_a nutmeg_n turkey_n plum_n these_o you_o may_v set_v to_o a_o wall_n though_o most_o of_o they_o will_v bear_v well_o be_v dwarf_n or_o standard_n if_o you_o have_v not_o wall_n enough_o the_o white-pear-plum_n prune_n damson_n and_o verdock_n be_v good_a preserve_v plum_n the_o muscle_n wheat_n lammas_n plum_n bullice_n damson_n and_o several_a course_n plum_n be_v raise_v by_o sucker_n without_o graft_n or_o inoculate_v and_o may_v be_v set_v in_o orchard_n hedge_n or_o any_o common_a place_n cherry_n of_o cherry_n sect._n 6._o the_o may_v cherry_n be_v first_o ripe_a and_o shall_v have_v a_o good_a wall_n to_o expedite_v its_o ripen_n for_o though_o they_o be_v but_o ordinary_a fruit_n yet_o their_o earliness_n make_v they_o a_o rarity_n next_o ripe_a be_v the_o duke_n flanders_n red-heart_n lukeward_a bleeding-heart_n spanish-black_a naples_n carnation_n amber_n cherry_n the_o great_a bear_a cherry_n of_o milan_n and_o morella_n be_v blackish_a when_o ripe_a and_o blood-red_a within_o excellent_a to_o make_v cherry_n wine_n afford_v a_o strong_a and_o vinous_a liquor_n these_o two_o last_o and_o the_o prince-royal_a be_v good_a to_o preserve_v if_o you_o have_v not_o room_n upon_o your_o wall_n these_o will_v bear_v well_o in_o any_o warm_a place_n plant_v as_o standard_n those_o that_o you_o find_v put_v forth_o small_a twig_n and_o have_v a_o small_a dark_a green_a leaf_n be_v easy_a keep_v dwarf-tree_n grape_n of_o grape_n sect._n 7._o the_o first_o ripe_a grape_n be_v the_o small_a black_a or_o cluster_n grape_n next_o the_o muskadine_n red_a and_o white_a the_o two_o sort_n of_o frontiniack_n the_o muscat_n grape_n de_fw-fr arbois_n raison_n of_o the_o sun_n red_a orleans_n burlet_a parsley_n grape_n pear_n of_o pear_n sect._n 8._o pear_n be_v of_o very_a many_o kind_n and_o be_v much_o improve_v by_o be_v plant_v against_o wall_n in_o france_n they_o be_v account_v among_o their_o best_a fruit_n and_o the_o best_a kind_n do_v well_o deserve_v it_o the_o summer_n and_o winter-bon-cristien_a grow_v pendent_a
rise_n and_o lie_v even_o to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o stock_n cut_a then_o the_o top_n of_o the_o cyen_v off_o close_o above_o a_o bud_n about_o four_o inch_n above_o the_o shoulder_n if_o it_o be_v for_o a_o standard_n tree_n two_o bud_n above_o the_o clay_n be_v full_a enough_o but_o for_o dwarf_n or_o wall-tree_n you_o may_v let_v the_o cyen_fw-mi be_v six_o inch_n long_o with_o several_a bud_n that_o they_o may_v shoot_v forth_o many_o branch_n and_o spread_v from_o the_o very_a stock_n the_o cyen_n or_o graff_n thus_o prepare_v lay_v the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o cyen_n on_o the_o west_n or_o south-west_n side_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o so_o measure_n and_o mark_v the_o breadth_n and_o length_n of_o it_o then_o cut_v away_o so_o much_o of_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n as_o the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o cyen_n may_v fit_v draw_v your_o knife_n upward_o but_o as_o the_o stock_n be_v big_a and_o the_o bark_n thick_a than_o that_o on_o the_o cyen_n so_o the_o chip_n must_v be_v long_o and_o broad_a or_o else_o the_o passage_n for_o the_o sap_n in_o the_o stock_n and_o cyen_n which_o be_v chief_o betwixt_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o wood_n will_v not_o meet_v together_o as_o in_o the_o work_n you_o will_v easy_o see_v which_o shall_v be_v aim_v at_o then_o lay_v the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o cyen_n on_o the_o cut_a part_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o bound_v it_o on_o with_o course_n woollen-yarn_n base_n or_o the_o inward_a peeling_a of_o the_o witch-tree_n if_o you_o bound_v with_o such_o a_o material_a as_o will_v not_o be_v loose_a or_o rot_v by_o midsummer_n about_o that_o time_n give_v it_o a_o cut_v crosswise_o with_o a_o knife_n to_o set_v the_o prisoner_n at_o liberty_n have_v in_o readiness_n good_a clay_n free_a from_o stone_n mix_v with_o long_a hay_n and_o daub_v it_o about_o the_o stock_n and_o cyen_n a_o full_a inch_n above_o and_o below_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stock_n work_v it_o up_o round_o the_o cyen_n till_o it_o be_v sharp_a at_o the_o top_n that_o the_o rain_n water_n may_v run_v down_o it_o and_o with_o a_o knife_n or_o little_a trowel_n dip_v in_o water_n smooth_a over_o the_o clay_n in_o do_v this_o be_v sure_a not_o to_o displace_v the_o cyen_n thus_o you_o may_v graft_v pear_n plum_n cherry_n and_o apple_n if_o it_o be_v before_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n will_v part_v from_o the_o wood_n of_o they_o for_o when_o it_o will_v the_o next_o way_n follow_v be_v better_a for_o apple_n way_n in_o the_o bark_n the_o best_a way_n sect._n 2._o the_o second_o way_n call_v graft_n in_o the_o bark_n be_v much_o like_o this_o and_o i_o prefer_v it_o from_o experience_n much_o before_o the_o forementioned_a or_o any_o other_o way_n but_o it_o can_v only_o be_v use_v for_o apple_n because_o all_o cyens_n of_o other_o fruit_n will_v be_v grow_v past_o use_n before_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n will_v peel_n which_o be_v about_o the_o end_n of_o march_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o april_n but_o this_o will_v be_v time_n enough_o for_o apple_n if_o your_o stock_n be_v in_o any_o thing_n good_a like_n which_o if_o they_o be_v not_o they_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o be_v graff_v any_o way_n prepare_v then_o your_o stock_n and_o cyen_n exact_o as_o you_o be_v direct_v in_o pack_v only_o instead_o of_o cut_v the_o bark_n off_o the_o stock_n slit_v it_o on_o the_o south-west_n side_n from_o the_o top_n almost_o as_o long_o as_o the_o slope_v part_n of_o the_o cyen_n and_o loosen_v the_o bark_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o slit_n with_o the_o point_n of_o your_o knife_n have_v in_o readiness_n a_o little_a instrument_n make_v of_o ivory_n or_o a_o deer_n or_o sheep-shank_n or_o silver_n or_o hard_o smooth_a wood_n at_o one_o end_n let_v it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o slope_n part_n of_o the_o cyen_n but_o much_o less_o every_o way_n thrust_v it_o down_o betwixt_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o wood_n of_o the_o stock_n where_o it_o be_v slit_v to_o make_v room_n for_o the_o cyen_fw-mi take_v it_o out_o and_o put_v in_o the_o cyen_fw-mi but_o first_o cut_v a_o little_a of_o the_o bark_n at_o the_o thin_a end_n of_o the_o slope_n of_o the_o cyen_n that_o it_o double_v not_o in_o go_v down_o yet_o leave_v it_o with_o a_o sharp_a edge_n and_o because_o when_o your_o cyen_fw-mi be_v put_v in_o it_o will_v bear_v the_o bark_n hollow_a from_o the_o stock_n nick_n or_o slit_v the_o bark_n on_o each_o side_n the_o cyen_n so_o that_o it_o may_v fall_v close_o to_o the_o stock_n and_o to_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o cyen_n bound_v and_o clay_n it_o as_o you_o have_v already_o hear_v these_o two_o be_v the_o best_a way_n of_o graft_n for_o these_o reason_n 1._o because_o stock_n may_v be_v graff_v thus_o some_o year_n before_o they_o can_v be_v ready_a to_o graft_v in_o the_o cleave_a and_o though_o whip-graffing_a may_v be_v use_v soon_o than_o either_o of_o these_o yet_o there_o be_v other_o great_a inconvenience_n attend_v it_o as_o you_o will_v see_v hereafter_o 2._o the_o stock_n be_v this_o way_n less_o harm_v than_o where_o a_o cleave_v be_v use_v because_o the_o cleft_n let_v wet_a into_o they_o and_o make_v they_o not_o so_o fit_a for_o graft_n again_o if_o any_o fail_v to_o grow_v the_o first_o time_n as_o these_o continue_v to_o be_v though_o they_o shall_v once_o miscarry_v or_o come_v to_o any_o mischance_n 3._o the_o cyen_n will_v much_o soon_o and_o better_o cover_v the_o stock_n and_o so_o make_v a_o more_o healthful_a sound_a and_o swift_a grow_a tree_n 4._o this_o be_v much_o more_o speedy_a easy_a and_o sure_a to_o succeed_v sect._n 3_o whip-graffing_a whip-graffing_a there_o be_v another_o way_n call_v whip-graffing_a and_o here_o your_o stock_n and_o cyen_n ought_v to_o be_v exact_o of_o the_o same_o bigness_n as_o the_o manner_n of_o perform_v it_o plain_o show_v which_o be_v as_o follow_v slope_n off_o the_o cyen_v a_o full_a inch_n or_o long_o and_o do_v the_o like_a to_o the_o stock_n and_o tie_v the_o one_o upon_o the_o other_o you_o may_v if_o you_o will_v make_v a_o shoulder_n on_o the_o cyen_n and_o cut_v the_o top_n of_o the_o stock_n to_o suit_n with_o it_o and_o then_o bound_v they_o together_o and_o clay_n about_o the_o place_n this_o way_n be_v successful_a enough_o so_o that_o special_a care_n be_v take_v that_o both_o stock_n and_o cyen_n suit_n exact_o where_o they_o be_v join_v together_o which_o be_v somewhat_o troublesome_a to_o do_v and_o so_o it_o be_v to_o find_v cyens_n and_o stock_n of_o a_o equal_a bigness_n beside_o the_o head_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o overgrow_v the_o stock_n all_o that_o can_v be_v do_v to_o prevent_v it_o be_v to_o graff_n these_o very_a low_a or_o if_o high_a to_o give_v the_o stock_n more_o liberty_n to_o thicken_v by_o slit_v the_o bark_n of_o it_o with_o a_o knife_n in_o this_o way_n of_o graft_n there_o be_v another_o little_a knack_n may_v be_v add_v to_o very_o good_a purpose_n and_o that_o be_v when_o the_o stock_n and_o cyen_n be_v prepare_v as_o you_o hear_v before_o to_o be_v join_v together_o to_o make_v a_o slit_n with_o a_o knife_n in_o the_o bare_a place_n of_o the_o stock_n downward_o beginning_n towards_o the_o top_n of_o the_o slope_n and_o so_o slit_v it_o a_o little_a way_n and_o do_v the_o like_a in_o the_o slope_v face_n of_o the_o cyen_n but_o beginning_n at_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o the_o low_a end_n of_o it_o as_o you_o do_v before_o from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o so_o carry_v it_o upward_o and_o then_o join_v they_o by_o thrust_v the_o one_o slice_v into_o the_o other_o till_o the_o bare_a place_n of_o the_o cyen_n cover_v the_o bare_a place_n of_o the_o stock_n this_o may_v be_v do_v likewise_o in_o graft_n by_o pack_v and_o in_o both_o conduce_v much_o to_o strengthen_v the_o work_n and_o be_v call_v by_o some_o lip_v or_o tongue_v graft_n sidâ—_n graft_n sect._n 4._o i_o be_o now_o go_v to_o describe_v another_o way_n that_o i_o never_o read_v of_o neither_o ever_o know_v more_o than_o one_o that_o use_v it_o and_o he_o a_o skilful_a gardner_n and_o use_v it_o very_o much_o know_v no_o name_n for_o it_o i_o have_v give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o side-graffing_a it_o be_v do_v by_o prepare_v the_o cyen_v as_o in_o whip-graffing_a then_o without_o cut_v off_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stock_n but_o make_v it_o thin_a of_o side_n branch_n from_o a_o smooth_a place_n of_o it_o on_o the_o westside_n take_v off_o as_o much_o bark_n as_o the_o cyen_n will_v cover_v as_o in_o pack_v and_o slit_v both_o cyen_v and_o stock_n according_a to_o the_o direction_n give_v in_o the_o end_n of_o
you_o intend_v to_o cut_v they_o off_o at_o for_o about_o a_o foot_n in_o length_n fasten_v about_o they_o some_o earth_n in_o a_o old_a hat_n or_o boot_n or_o bag_n make_v of_o some_o strong_a cloth_n and_o in_o that_o earth_n they_o will_v have_v put_v forth_o root_n against_o the_o october_n follow_v when_o you_o be_v to_o cut_v they_o off_o to_o set_v they_o or_o which_o be_v a_o quick_a and_o ready_a way_n you_o may_v dawb_v some_o wet_a earth_n or_o clay_n about_o the_o place_n and_o wrap_v a_o hay-band_n about_o it_o put_v some_o moist_a earth_n likewise_o betwixt_o the_o round_n of_o the_o band_n and_o then_o run_v it_o about_o again_o over_o the_o space_n betwixt_o those_o first_o round_n of_o the_o hay-band_n and_o make_v fast_o the_o end_n of_o it_o if_o the_o stem_n have_v no_o burr_n before_o you_o go_v either_o of_o these_o way_n to_o work_v than_o first_o take_v off_o here_o and_o there_o a_o little_a slice_n of_o bark_n about_o a_o inch_n long_o round_o about_o it_o near_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o place_n to_o be_v cover_v as_o have_v be_v direct_v some_o direct_a that_o before_o this_o application_n of_o the_o earth_n about_o a_o inch_n breadth_n of_o the_o bark_n be_v take_v off_o round_o about_o the_o part_n of_o the_o branch_n that_o be_v to_o be_v surround_v with_o the_o earth_n that_o root_n may_v shoot_v out_o in_o great_a quantity_n by_o come_v out_o in_o the_o upper_a skirt_n of_o that_o circle_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o low_a but_o this_o be_v but_o a_o crotchet_n and_o ground_v as_o my_o lord_n bacon_n have_v true_o observe_v upon_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o descension_n of_o the_o sap_n whereas_o indeed_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n for_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o sap_n be_v always_o afcend_v in_o lesser_a quantity_n in_o the_o winter_n because_o the_o tree_n be_v then_o only_o to_o be_v nourish_v and_o keep_v alive_a to_o which_o end_n a_o small_a supply_n be_v sufficient_a and_o yet_o necessary_a and_o in_o great_a plenty_n in_o the_o summer_n to_o furnish_v the_o tree_n with_o leaf_n fruit_n and_o new_a yearly_a growth_n and_o the_o true_a reason_n why_o the_o leaf_n and_o fruit_n fall_v off_o towards_o winter_n be_v not_o because_o the_o sap_n return_v downward_o from_o they_o but_o because_o they_o have_v arrive_v to_o their_o full_a ripeness_n and_o the_o tree_n fail_v by_o degree_n to_o convey_v up_o so_o much_o sap_n as_o it_o do_v in_o the_o summer_n to_o they_o to_o produce_v fresh_a one_o and_o therefore_o consequent_o that_o be_v a_o idle_a mistake_n too_o to_o think_v that_o the_o sap_n or_o juice_n in_o the_o winter_n be_v lay_v up_o in_o the_o root_n as_o a_o repository_n as_o appear_v plain_o inasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v ever_o find_v dryer_n in_o the_o winter_n than_o in_o the_o summer_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o whole_a this_o take_v the_o bark_n off_o round_o the_o branch_n be_v good_a for_o nothing_o but_o to_o endanger_v it_o by_o intercept_n the_o juice_n or_o sap_n which_o rife_n in_o great_a quantity_n betwixt_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o wood_n but_o if_o as_o before_o be_v hint_v you_o take_v some_o little_a slice_n of_o the_o bark_n off_o round_o the_o branch_n here_o and_o there_o leave_v the_o bark_n entire_a in_o some_o place_n this_o may_v by_o check_v the_o sap_n cause_v it_o the_o more_o abundant_o to_o pass_v into_o root_n but_o to_o proceed_v to_o the_o business_n in_o hand_n you_o have_v see_v the_o way_n of_o prepare_v cut_v by_o circumposetion_n and_o though_o some_o will_v pretend_v to_o raise_v tree_n of_o any_o kind_n by_o the_o use_n of_o it_o yet_o it_o be_v certain_a it_o avail_v not_o but_o only_o in_o such_o as_o by_o a_o peculiar_a property_n be_v apt_a to_o put_v forth_o root_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o set_v into_o the_o ground_n and_o those_o general_o know_v and_o make_v use_v of_o this_o way_n be_v the_o kentish_a coddle_v the_o genneâ—-moil_n some_o sort_n of_o sweet-apple_n and_o bitter-sweets_a the_o quince-tree_n the_o mulberry-tree_n and_o the_o paradise-apple-tree_n which_o last_o be_v much_o commend_v by_o the_o skilful_a mr._n rea_n for_o to_o raise_v stock_n for_o dwarf-apple-tree_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o sect._n 6._o another_o way_n to_o raise_v stock_n for_o dwarf-tree_n be_v to_o cut_v down_o some_o one_o tree_n of_o little_a worth_n of_o such_o a_o kind_a as_o you_o want_v stock_n of_o about_o a_o foot_n or_o more_o from_o the_o ground_n this_o will_v make_v some_o kind_n of_o tree_n very_o apt_a to_o cast_v forth_o very_o good_a sucker_n from_o the_o old_a root_n such_o as_o at_o two_o year_n growth_n may_v be_v transplant_v and_o the_o stump_n above_o ground_n will_v also_o put_v forth_o abundance_n of_o young_a shoot_v after_o these_o young_a shoot_n have_v grow_v out_o of_o the_o stump_n one_o year_n cast_v mold_n or_o earth_n about_o they_o a_o good_a height_n so_o that_o you_o cover_v not_o the_o top_n of_o any_o of_o they_o where_o let_v they_o grow_v two_o year_n more_o and_o they_o will_v be_v well_o root_v then_o cut_v they_o off_o from_o the_o old_a stock_n which_o after_o that_o may_v yield_v fresh_a one_o again_o and_o set_v the_o shoot_v you_o take_v off_o as_o before_o have_v be_v direct_v about_o cut_n these_o will_v be_v about_o three_o year_n long_o before_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o graff_n than_o cut_n but_o will_v be_v very_o good_a young_a fresh_a stock_n and_o be_v a_o good_a way_n to_o raise_v stock_n of_o the_o quince-tree_n for_o pear_n because_o quince-tree_n general_o grow_v so_o crooked_a and_o irregular_a that_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o procure_v any_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o they_o by_o cut_n if_o they_o shoot_v up_o tall_a after_o they_o be_v mould_v you_o have_v best_o top_v they_o at_o a_o convenient_a height_n it_o will_v make_v they_o grow_v the_o more_o in_o bigness_n and_o so_o be_v soon_o sit_v to_o graff_n but_o if_o you_o have_v a_o desire_n to_o have_v any_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n as_o the_o old_a tree_n be_v you_o need_v not_o top_v they_o and_o by_o this_o mean_n if_o you_o want_v quince-tree_n codling_n etc._n etc._n you_o may_v be_v furnish_v with_o plenty_n that_o will_v make_v better_a and_o handsome_a tree_n than_o if_o you_o raise_v they_o by_o cut_n sucker_n by_o sucker_n sect._n 7._o you_o may_v also_o raise_v stock_n for_o dwarf-pear-tree_n from_o sucker_n of_o old_a pear-tree_n if_o you_o can_v convenient_o get_v enough_o of_o the_o quince-tree_n for_o many_o pear_n tree_n cast_v they_o natural_o which_o be_v preserve_v from_o cattle_n may_v be_v take_v up_o and_o set_v in_o bed_n of_o earth_n as_o you_o do_v the_o seedling_n if_o your_o pear-tree_n yield_v not_o sucker_n of_o themselves_o you_o need_v only_o cut_v off_o the_o top_n of_o some_o old_a ill_a pear-tree_n and_o graff_n it_o with_o a_o better_a fruit_n if_o you_o please_v and_o the_o root_n will_v cast_v forth_o sucker_n plentiful_o and_o you_o may_v help_v they_o by_o make_v a_o small_a ditch_n or_o gutter_n so_o as_o to_o bare_a some_o of_o the_o root_n about_o two_o yard_n distant_a from_o the_o tree_n or_o pare_v off_o the_o grass_n if_o any_o grow_v about_o the_o tree_n that_o they_o may_v have_v the_o more_o liberty_n to_o spring_v up_o or_o in_o this_o case_n you_o may_v bare_v the_o root_n and_o then_o give_v a_o cut_n across_o some_o root_n almost_o to_o the_o heart_n and_o from_o the_o cross_n cut_v cleave_v the_o root_n raise_v up_o the_o loose_a part_n and_o put_v in_o a_o little_a stone_n to_o keep_v it_o open_v cover_v it_o three_o inch_n over_o with_o mould_n let_v this_o be_v do_v if_o you_o can_v where_o you_o find_v a_o bud_n or_o eye_n on_o the_o root_n for_o the_o sucker_n to_o shoot_v out_o at_o and_o either_o inoculate_v the_o young_a shoot_n in_o the_o place_n where_o it_o stand_v or_o remove_v it_o to_o some_o other_o place_n after_o a_o year_n growth_n and_o when_o you_o do_v cut_v off_o with_o it_o about_o a_o foot_n of_o the_o old_a root_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v you_o may_v have_v sucker_n from_o some_o other_o tree_n that_o do_v not_o natural_o yield_v they_o plum_n for_o cherry_n and_o plum_n sect._n 8._o to_o have_v stock_n for_o dwarf-cherry_n and_o plum_n or_o for_o such_o tree_n for_o a_o wall_n the_o speedy_a way_n and_o such_o as_o will_v succeed_v for_o that_o purpose_n be_v by_o sucker_n of_o the_o common_a red-cherry_n and_o any_o ordinary_a plum-tree_n both_o which_o cast_v up_o sucker_n plentiful_o if_o the_o sucker_n grow_v in_o a_o place_n that_o be_v secure_a from_o harm_n you_o may_v inoculate_v or_o graff_n they_o before_o removal_n under_o their_o mother_n plant_n and_o let_v they_o grow_v there_o one_o year_n after_o and_o hereby_o you_o will_v gain_v
of_o some_o have_v use_v hay-rope_n hay-rope_n hay-rope_n bind_v about_o the_o tree_n from_o the_o ground_n to_o a_o sufficient_a height_n but_o this_o be_v endless_a in_o a_o nursery_n it_o may_v be_v do_v in_o a_o orchard_n but_o there_o be_v other_o way_n to_o be_v prefer_v before_o it_o other_o therefore_o dawb_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n over_o with_o tar_n tar._n tar._n which_o be_v use_v alone_o endanger_v the_o life_n of_o very_o young_a plant_n and_o extreme_o harden_v the_o bark_n and_o otherwise_o hurt_v they_o which_o evil_a be_v prevent_v by_o mix_v the_o tar_n with_o any_o kind_n of_o grease_n grease_n tar_n and_o grease_n and_o boil_v they_o on_o a_o fire_n so_o as_o both_o may_v incorporate_v then_o with_o a_o brush_n or_o little_a broom_n daub_v over_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n as_o high_a as_o a_o hare_n or_o rabbit_n can_v reach_v and_o if_o this_o be_v do_v in_o november_n it_o will_v preserve_v the_o tree_n for_o that_o whole_a year_n with_o that_o once_o do_v it_o be_v the_o winter_n time_n only_o that_o they_o will_v feed_v upon_o the_o bark_n some_o use_n grease_n alone_o grease_n grease_n and_o then_o it_o may_v require_v to_o be_v lay_v on_o twice_o in_o a_o winter_n dung_n man_n dung_n some_o thin_a stuff_n out_o of_o a_o house_n of_o office_n or_o the_o thick_a temper_v with_o water_n and_o brush_v on_o once_o in_o a_o winter_n have_v be_v often_o use_v with_o good_a success_n sect._n 3_o pismire_n pismire_n if_o you_o find_v pismire_n or_o aunt_n breed_v about_o or_o near_o the_o root_n of_o any_o of_o your_o tree_n cast_v away_o the_o earth_n they_o lodge_v in_o and_o supply_v its_o place_n with_o some_o stiff_a clay_n if_o they_o breed_v distant_a in_o several_a place_n some_o direct_a to_o dawb_v the_o tree_n about_o with_o tar_n that_o their_o foot_n may_v be_v take_v in_o it_o but_o you_o hear_v already_o that_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o young_a tree_n but_o if_o they_o pester_v you_o extreme_o and_o your_o tree_n be_v young_a you_o may_v bind_v a_o single_a list_n or_o shred_v of_o cloth_n about_o it_o and_o once_o aweek_n when_o bud_n and_o blossom_n be_v put_v forth_o for_o that_o be_v the_o chief_a time_n they_o prejudice_v they_o daub_v the_o cloth_n over_o with_o tar._n sect._n 4._o mole_n mole_n mole_n be_v to_o be_v kill_v especial_o in_o seed-plot_n and_o nursery_n spring-trap_n or_o box-trap_n be_v best_a to_o destroy_v they_o not_o easy_o describe_v but_o be_v now_o know_v almost_o general_o i_o have_v hear_v that_o water-rat_n will_v spoil_v a_o whole_a nursery_n water-rat_n water-rat_n get_v through_o mole-hole_n and_o bark_v or_o eat_v the_o young_a root_n i_o find_v several_a root_n once_o so_o serve_v and_o it_o be_v near_o a_o fishpond_n i_o suspect_v it_o be_v do_v by_o they_o but_o find_v also_o a_o snake_n in_o a_o hole_n among_o the_o root_n snake_n snake_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o that_o may_v not_o be_v the_o enemy_n asker_n est_n or_o asker_n est_n or_o as_o some_o call_v they_o asker_n be_v also_o say_v to_o be_v pernicious_a to_o tree_n but_o these_o three_o last_o accident_n be_v so_o rare_a and_o inconsiderable_a that_o it_o be_v needless_a to_o labour_n much_o about_o remedy_n against_o they_o only_o as_o man_n find_v they_o to_o destroy_v they_o caterpillar_n blast_n caterpillar_n sect._n 5._o the_o great_a prejudice_n to_o fruit_n be_v by_o blast_n frost_n immediate_o succeed_a rain_n caterpillar_n or_o black_a fly_n that_o cat_n up_o bud_n leaf_n and_o blossom_n there_o be_v one_o way_n use_v to_o help_v in_o all_o these_o case_n for_o orchard_n fruit_n but_o i_o know_v not_o how_o it_o shall_v be_v useful_a for_o any_o but_o the_o last_o two_o for_o which_o i_o dare_v commend_v it_o and_o that_o be_v that_o when_o in_o the_o spring_n you_o perceive_v these_o caterpillar_n or_o fly_v appear_v make_v fire_n of_o something_o that_o will_v smoke_v so_o near_o the_o orchard_n and_o in_o such_o place_n that_o the_o wind_n may_v carry_v the_o smoke_n as_o much_o through_o the_o tree_n as_o may_v be_v smoak_n smoak_n a_o thing_n frequent_o use_v be_v hempsheaves_n as_o it_o be_v call_v be_v the_o stalk_n of_o the_o hemp_n when_o the_o tow_n be_v separate_v from_o it_o and_o it_o be_v certain_o very_o good_a but_o bad_a chaff_n wet_a straw_n or_o mouldy_a hay_n or_o any_o thing_n of_o that_o nature_n may_v serve_v turn_n snail_n be_v pernicious_a to_o wall-fruit_n snail_n snail_n therefore_o destroy_v as_o many_o of_o they_o as_o you_o can_v when_o they_o be_v best_a to_o be_v discover_v which_o be_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n wall-fruit_n cover_v wall-fruit_n and_o to_o preserve_v your_o wall-fruit_n from_o blast_a wind_n and_o frost_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o cover_v they_o in_o the_o night_n and_o cold_a day_n by_o hang_v before_o they_o mat_n or_o blanket_n some_o stick_v branch_n of_o broom_n before_o the_o blossom_n and_o young_a tender_a fruit_n to_o preserve_v ripe_a fruit_n from_o bird_n bird_n bird_n spread_v a_o old_a net_n before_o the_o wall-fruit_n or_o upon_o the_o dwarf-tree_n chap._n xiii_o some_o particular_a rule_n about_o some_o kind_n of_o fruit-tree_n beside_o the_o general_n rule_v already_o mention_v vine_n of_o vine_n sect_n 1._o grape_n seldom_o or_o never_o ripen_v well_o in_o this_o isle_n without_o help_n of_o art_n and_o industry_n to_o which_o purpose_n take_v these_o direction_n 1._o to_o plant_v such_o as_o ripen_v soon_o in_o the_o year_n that_o they_o may_v have_v as_o much_o of_o the_o summer_n heat_n at_o ripen_a time_n as_o may_v be_v 2._o let_v the_o wall_n you_o plant_v they_o against_o be_v a_o full_a south_n or_o but_o a_o little_a incline_n to_o the_o east_n or_o if_o you_o have_v a_o half-round_a or_o corner_n in_o a_o wall_n or_o the_o back_n of_o a_o brick_n chimney_n make_v use_n of_o such_o place_n for_o they_o wall_n of_o low_a wall_n vine_n will_v prosper_v well_o against_o a_o high_a wall_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o necessary_a but_o that_o low_a wall_n may_v serve_v turn_n and_o the_o high_a may_v be_v reserve_v for_o such_o fruit-tree_n as_o will_v not_o do_v well_o without_o they_o that_o of_o a_o tarras-walk_a may_v do_v well_o for_o vine_n and_o the_o gravel-walk_a under_o the_o wall_n will_v mighty_o increase_v the_o heat_n about_o they_o wall_n narrow_a place_n in_o wall_n if_o you_o plant_v any_o tree_n against_o your_o dwell_a house-wall_n there_o may_v be_v some_o narrow_a place_n between_o two_o window_n or_o the_o like_a where_o other_o fruit-tree_n have_v not_o room_n to_o spread_v a_o vine_n may_v grow_v up_o there_o and_o above_o those_o narrow_a place_n enlarge_v itself_o where_o ever_o it_o meet_v with_o room_n tree_n betwixt_o fruit_n tree_n you_o may_v also_o plant_v a_o vine_n betwixt_o every_o fruit-tree_n that_o grow_v against_o your_o hot_a wall_n and_o let_v it_o spread_v a_o little_a in_o the_o summer_n time_n into_o the_o fruit-tree_n on_o either_o side_n especial_o if_o the_o fruit_n of_o such_o tree_n use_v to_o be_v early_o ripe_a or_o that_o they_o bear_v little_a fruit_n or_o have_v not_o be_v so_o long_o set_v as_o to_o have_v cover_v the_o wall_n and_o though_o such_o vine_n can_v extend_v themselves_o to_o that_o bigness_n as_o those_o plant_v where_o they_o have_v more_o room_n yet_o by_o this_o mean_v you_o will_v make_v advantage_n of_o such_o portion_n of_o your_o wall_n as_o otherwise_o you_o can_v have_v have_v little_a benefit_n from_o soil_n proper_a soil_n sect._n 2._o the_o best_a ground_n for_o they_o be_v that_o which_o be_v rich_a and_o dry_a inclinable_a to_o stony_a or_o gravel_n so_o it_o bound_v not_o the_o best_a dung_n to_o fatten_v the_o earth_n they_o grow_v in_o be_v horse_n or_o sheep_n dung_n make_v bare_a the_o root_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n and_o throw_v in_o plenty_n of_o the_o same_o dung_n most_o winter_n propagate_a way_n of_o propagate_a the_o best_a way_n of_o propagate_a of_o they_o be_v in_o november_n to_o lay_v a_o branch_n of_o that_o year_n growth_n into_o the_o earth_n under_o the_o old_a tree_n without_o cut_v it_o off_o lay_v as_o many_o joint_n or_o bud_n in_o the_o earth_n as_o you_o can_v leave_v but_o one_o or_o two_o out_o for_o it_o put_v forth_o its_o root_n chief_o at_o the_o joint_n at_o a_o year_n end_n or_o in_o the_o february_n cometwelve-month_n cut_v it_o off_o from_o the_o old_a one_o and_o plant_v it_o where_o you_o design_v it_o shall_v grow_v lay_v it_o in_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o same_o posture_n it_o lay_v in_o before_o and_o also_o lie_v some_o of_o the_o bud_n of_o the_o new_a wood_n that_o grow_v out_o since_o it_o be_v first_o lay_v down_o that_o it_o may_v gain_v the_o more_o root_n leave_v out_o