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A64661 The judgement of the late Arch-Bishop of Armagh and Primate of Ireland 1. Of the extent of Christs death and satisfaction &c, 2. Of the Sabbath, and observation of the Lords day, 3. Of the ordination in other reformed churches : with a vindication of him from a pretended change of opinion in the first, some advertisements upon the latter, and in prevention of further injuries, a declaration of his judgement in several other subjects / by N. Bernard. Ussher, James, 1581-1656.; Bernard, Nicholas, d. 1661. 1658 (1658) Wing U188; ESTC R24649 53,942 189

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THE JUDGEMENT Of the late ARCH-BISHOP OF ARMAGH And I Primate of Ireland 1. Of the Extent of Christs death and satisfaction c. 2. Of the Sabbath and observation of the Lords day 3. Of the Ordination in other reformed Churches With a Vindication of him from a pretended change of opinion in the first Some Advertisements upon the latter And in prevention of further injuries A Declaration of his judgement in several other subjects By N. Bernard D. D. and Preacher to the Honourable society of Grayes-Inne London Gather up the fragments that remain that nothing be lost Joh. 6. 12. London Printed for John Crook at the Ship in St. Pauls Church-yard 1658. TO THE READER THE first Treatise containing the Judgement of the most eminent Primate of Ireland concerning the True Intent and Extent of Christs death and satisfaction upon the Crosse was written by him at the request of a Friend a little before the Synod of Dort a Copy of which being taken was unknowne to him carried thither by a Member of it upon the multiplying of them exceptions were taken by divers and by one Penne contracted into a Letter to him which the second Treatise is an answer unto both these I had from him about twenty eight yeares agone and now upon the desire of such whose judgements I subscribe unto and the prevention of other mistaken Copies which possibly might be produced I have been hastened to the printing of them That which hath given the occasion is the mistake lately published of the change of his Judgement in it a little before his death But by the view of these I believe the Authour will receive satisfaction In the vindication of which two Letters being desired from me long agone which have been hitherto deferred the publick I have been importuned to permit them to be annexed Unto which I shall here adde but this That not onely in the forenamed subjects but in the rest relating to the Remonstrants the Primate concurred with Bishop Davenant whose Lectures Demorte Christi praedestinatione reprobatione he caused to be published only that little Treatise added in the conclusion of it entituled Sententia Ecclesiae Anglicanae de praedestinatione capitibus annexis c. taken to be Bishop Davenants and implyed so by the Printer ab eodem uti fertur Authore which possibly hath occasioned the apprehension of a change in him also I have been assured by a Person of Eminency who affirms it out of his own knowledge that it was Bishop Overals And now upon this occasion I have thought fit to publish a Learned Letter of the Primates wrote many yeares agone to Doctor Twisse concerning the Sabbath and Observation of the Lords day having two Copies corrected throughout with his owne hand with parts of two other Letters of the same matter which I had together with the former as also his judgement in divers other subjects both in Doctrine and Discipline with some Advertisements for the clearing and preventing of any further misapprehensions Unto which is added his Reduction of Episcopacy to the form of Synodical Government c. before published And at the request of the Printer a distinction of those Bo●kes which are owned by the Primate from such as are not If the Readers Opinion shall dissent in any of the above-named or swell into an opposition let him not expect any defensive Armes to be taken up by me it being my part to declare his judgement as I finde it Which with the most Pious and Learned I doubt not but will be as it hath been of a Reverend and high esteem If it may but moderate the heat which hath lately broken out among us about some of them the fruit expected is reaped And as these shall be of profit and acceptance I shall be encouraged to a further gathering up of the like fragments N. B. The Judgement of the late Arch-Bishop of Armagh and Primate of Ireland of the true Intent and Extent of Christs death and satisfaction upon the Crosse. Written in Answer to the request of a Friend March 3. 1617. The true Intent and Extent of Christs Death and Satisfaction upon the Crosse. THe all-sufficient satisfaction of Christ made for the sinnes of the whole World The true intent and extent is Lubricus locus to be handled and hath and doth now much trouble the Church this question hath been moved sub iisdem terminis quibus nunc and hath received contrary resolutions the reason is that in the two extremities of opinions held in this matter there is somewhat true and somewhat false The one extremity extends the benefit of Christs satisfaction too farre as if hereby God for his part were actually reconciled to all mankind and did really discharge every man from all his sins and that the reason why all men do not reap the fruit of this benefit is the want of that faith whereby they ought to have believed that God in this sort did love them Whence it would follow that God should forgive a man his sins and justifie him before he believed whereas the Elect themselves before their effectuall vocation are said to be without Christ and without hope and to be utter strangers from the Covenants of Promise Ephes. 2. 2. 2. The other extremity contracts the riches of Christs satisfaction into too narrow a room as if none had any kind of interest therein but such as were elected before the foundation of the World howsoever by the Gospel every one be charged to receive the same whereby it would follow that a man should be bound in conscience to believe that which is untrue and charged to take that wherewith he hath nothing to do Both extremities then drawing with them unavoidable absurdities The Word of God by hearing whereof faith is begotten Eph. 1. 13. must be sought uuto by a middle course to avoyd these extremities For finding out this middle course we must in the matter of our Redemption carefully put a distinction betwixt the satisfaction of Christ absolutely considered and the application thereof to every one in particular The former was once done for all The other is still in doing The former brings with it sufficiency abundant to discharge the whole debt the other addes to it efficacy The satisfaction of Christ onely makes the sinnes of mankind fit for pardon which without it could not well be the injury done to Gods Majesty being so great that it could not stand with his honour to put it up without amends made The particular application makes the sins of those to whom that mercy is vouchsafed to be actually pardoned for as all sins are mortal in regard of the stipend due thereunto by the Law but all do not actually bring forth death because the gracious Promises of the Gospel stayeth the execution even so all the sinnes of mankind are become venial in respect of the price paid by Christ to his Father so farre that in shewing mercy upon all if so
nigh unto him even to his mouth and heart and presents him with the medicine at hand and desireth him to take it which being done accordingly the cure is actually performed A VINDICATION of the late ARCH-BISHOP OF ARMAGH From some mistakes made by Master Thomas Pierce both in his Philanthropy Post-cript at the conclusion of his correct Copy of some Notes of Gods Decrees c. Affirming a change of judgement in him a little before his death of some points controverted between Mr. Barlee and himself but especially of Universal Grace and Redemption relating to the subject of the former Treatise By Dr. Bernard Preacher to the Honourable society of Grayes-Inne The Printer to the READER THese two Letters following expected from the person to whom they were writ as an Appendix to another Treatise being hither to delayed the publick and now conceived very requisite to be inserted here as having a relation to the former Tractates mentioned in one of them The Doctor hath been importuned to permit them accordingly also with some alteration and addition The first Letter of Doctor Bernards to Mr. Barlee in Answer to some passage in Mr. Pierces Philanthropy Worthy Syr IAm much your debtor for those large expressions of your affection to the late Arch-Bishop of Armagh and the readinesse to cleare him from some injury done him by Mr. Thomas Pierce in his Answer to a Book of yours Two eminent men of each University before I heard from you had sent unto me for their private satisfaction And now upon your Letter and directions I have viewed the severall passages tending that way Chap. 1. Sect. 3. 5. Chap. 3. Sect. 17. 7. Chap. 4. Sect. 13. which in sum I finde amounts to this viz. That the late Primate of Armagh was though a late yet a serious Convert And affirmed a little or not long before his death to severall persons that he utterly rejected all those opinions of Calvin That there were evident marks of a change in him That a little before his death he professed an utter dislike to the whole Doctrine of Geneva in those affairs c. First it is possible Mr. Pierces enformers might mistake the Doctrine for the Discipline of Geneva or Calvin which by some in their Sermons hath been advanced accordingly or if it were of the Doctrine he hath taken a great latitude in saying All the opinions the whole Doctrine And the Restriction viz. In those affaires is somewhat obscure being introduced occasionally upon the speech of one or two of them It had been better to have named the several points he means from which howsoever as to Calvin or Geneva how could he be said to revolt when in terminis he did not professe the defence of either It being the Doctrine of S. Augustine which hath been confirmed by him And for Calvine though I do not take upon me the defence of him neither yet there is one Doctrine of his and in those affaires different from some of his own profession in Geneva which must be exempted from Mr. Pierces Universality and which will not be found that the Primate rejected viz. that massa corrupta was the object of Praedestination as Bishop Davenant makes it appear in his determinations q. 26. where he first cleares him from the slanders the Jesuites have raised of him in it viz. That he should hold that God in the first Act before any fore-sight of sin elected some to glory and ordained others to destruction And in the second place ordained the sinne of Adam to that end that he might exercise justice towards the Reprobates and mercy towards the elect and then gives you clearly the truth of Calvines judgement in two propositions confirmed out of divers quotations in his institutions viz. That the corrupt Masse or man lapsed was the object of Election and Reprobation though not the cause And further proves That what the Jesuits put upon Calvine their own Popish Writers were the prime Authours of viz. Scotus Naclantus Pighius Catharinus Galatinus Alphonsus Mendoza who aver That the Decree of Praedestination is not onely before the Decree of permitting the lapse of man but also before the creating of him And desires it might be taken notice of That the Popish Writers were the chief Authors of that opinion which denies 〈◊〉 lapsed to be the subject of Divine Praedestination which if some of ours did consider they would be the slower paced in the defence of that which hath occasioned this digression Howsoever as to Calvin's opinion this Reverend and learned Bishop thus far supports it that he joyns S. Augustines suffrage with his own in it and as it is there declared I understand not how it is rejected By this Eminent Primate But whatever these points were if this be Mr. Pierces meaning That a little before his death he should Verbally retract what he had published in his works I am assured though it be hard to prove a Negative there was no such matter but that he was constant in them to his end When he was last in London continuing here about seven weeks together I was perpetually with him taking then the opportunity of a further speaking with him of most of the passages of his life as of the several Books he had wrote th● Subjects of them the occasion of their writing when some such points as Mr. Pierce possibly may meane came into discourse And then there was not the least change in him And it is to be presumed in that last Act of winding up his whole life if there had been any he would have then mentioned it and this was but about five weekes which is a little or not long before his death And it hath bee confirmed to me by a Minister who was at Ryegate a fortnight before as by some Honourable persons who spake with him of these Subjects a few dayes before his death so that I believe Mr. Pierce hath not been well adadvised in publishing this his Information And it is no new thing to have bookes as well as opinions laid to his charge which he knew not It was presumed in his life and so the lesse wonder if it be practised after his death There is a book entitled a Method of Meditation which was printed in his name Anno 1651. And though by his Commands to me it was then publickly declared to be none of his yet since his death this 1657. it is reprinted and notwithstanding the renewing of that Declaration by the same way wherein I found him abused it is still sold under his name to the great dishonour of him The passage which Mr. Pierce is most clear in Chap. 1. Sect. 15. Where speaking of Universal grace and redemption he saith the most Learned Anti-Arminians have been fein to assert it as well as Arminius Among us the late Bishop of Armagh c. First He should have done well to have named where he hath asserted it in any of his works