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death_n day_n end_n life_n 8,116 5 4.5798 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A33550 An account of the nature, causes, symptoms, and cure of the distempers that are incident to seafaring people with observations on the diet of the sea-men in His Majesty's navy : illustrated with some remarkable instances of the sickness of the fleet during the last summer, historically related / by W.C. Cockburn, W. (William), 1669-1739. 1696 (1696) Wing C4815; ESTC R24229 70,196 195

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why_o i_o have_v neglect_v the_o common_a story_n of_o poison_n etc._n etc._n why_o poison_n why_o the_o chemical_a principle_n why_o acid_n and_o alkali_n observe_v i._o hint_n for_o cure_v fever_n the_o reason_n of_o unsuccessful_a practice_n what_o our_o thought_n be_v about_o the_o former_a intimation_n what_o of_o bleed_v sweat_v and_o purge_v observe_v 2._o observe_v 3._o observe_v 4._o observe_v 5_o observe_v 6._o observe_v 7._o observe_v 8._o the_o general_n cure_n observe_v 9_o obser_n 100l_n place_n mark_v from_o this_o author_n book_n p._n 4._o obser_n 11._o the_o scurvy_a obser_n 12._o obser_n 13._o obser_n 14._o 4._o obser_n 15._o obser_n 16._o obser_n 17._o obser_n 18._o obser_n 19_o
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i_o one_o of_o the_o physician_n of_o the_o fleet_n i_o think_v myself_o oblige_v to_o use_v my_o utmost_a endeavour_n for_o discharge_v the_o trust_n you_o commit_v to_o i_o and_o therefore_o i_o not_o only_o keep_v a_o journal_n of_o the_o man_n name_n and_o a_o history_n of_o their_o sickness_n but_o of_o the_o medicine_n i_o give_v they_o with_o the_o success_n they_o have_v and_o when_o i_o have_v consider_v the_o way_n of_o their_o live_n and_o other_o circumstance_n there_o appear_v to_o i_o a_o very_a reasonable_a view_n of_o the_o disease_n at_o sea_n which_o i_o first_o commit_v to_o paper_n for_o my_o own_o assistance_n in_o the_o service_n but_o be_o now_o persuade_v to_o submit_v those_o thought_n to_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o world_n yet_o in_o this_o i_o shall_v run_v no_o great_a risque_n under_o your_o lordship_n protection_n which_o i_o hope_v you_o will_v not_o deny_v i_o since_o it_o be_v your_o lordship_n give_v they_o first_o life_n and_o they_o have_v grow_v up_o under_o your_o favour_n to_o what_o they_o be_v so_o that_o if_o they_o obtain_v the_o end_n i_o design_v they_o for_o the_o public_a good_a it_o be_v the_o public_a must_v thank_v you_o for_o them_o i_o be_o with_o great_a respect_n my_o lord_n your_o lordship_n most_o humble_a and_o faithful_a servant_n w._n cockburn_n the_o content_n the_o vsefulness_n of_o this_o work_n pag._n 1_o a_o prospect_n of_o it_o 3_o what_o the_o sea_n victual_n be_v 5_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o victual_v 8_o be_v first_o the_o scurvy_a 9_o its_o description_n ibid._n how_o these_o symptom_n be_v produce_v 10_o how_o that_o extraordinary_a weakness_n 13_o and_o unequal_a pulse_n 15_o how_o the_o inflammation_n of_o the_o gum_n 16_o their_o rottenness_n and_o itch_a ibid._n how_o the_o scurvy_a and_o melancholia_fw-la hypochondriaca_fw-la be_v distinguish_v 17_o what_o may_v follow_v upon_o the_o use_n of_o their_o bread_n 21_o what_o from_o their_o burgoo_n 24_o and_o pease_n 25_o what_o the_o inconvenience_n from_o their_o lodging_n 26_o as_o catch_v cold_a 27_o and_o a_o fever_n 28_o its_o description_n 29_o a_o hypothesis_n for_o help_v we_o to_o account_v for_o its_o symptom_n ibid._n how_o the_o weight_n &_o heaviness_n be_v produce_v 31_o how_o the_o lesser_a activity_n 32_o and_o lesser_a weakness_n ibid._n how_o the_o coldness_n over_o the_o whole_a body_n 33_o how_o the_o coldness_n in_o the_o extremity_n 34_o and_o not_o in_o the_o brain_n 35_o how_o the_o pain_n be_v produce_v 36_o and_o such_o a_o one_o as_o when_o one_o be_v beat_v 37_o why_o the_o pulse_n be_v weak_a 38_o rare_a ibid._n and_o depress_v 39_o how_o a_o want_n of_o appetite_n 40_o and_o costiveness_n 41_o how_o the_o sleepiness_n ibid._n how_o the_o warmth_n begin_v 44_o the_o pulse_n become_v great_a and_o strong_a ibid._n they_o be_v restless_a 45_o and_o very_o dry_a ibid._n how_o the_o roughness_n of_o the_o tongue_n 46_o and_o its_o blackness_n ibid._n why_o they_o be_v hard_a of_o breathe_v ibid._n how_o their_o breath_n be_v like_a fire_n 47_o why_o they_o be_v light_v head_v ibid._n fever_n end_v in_o death_n 48._o or_o by_o sweat_v a_o looseness_n etc._n etc._n 49_o the_o former_a supposition_n be_v not_o a_o mere_a hypothesis_n ibid._n this_o interrupt_a perspiration_n make_v diarrhea_n 51_o and_o ague_n 53_o a_o enumeration_n of_o their_o symptom_n ibid._n the_o symptom_n account_v for_o and_o first_o the_o coldness_n after_o dinner_n 55_o the_o paleness_n of_o their_o lip_n 56_o their_a tremble_v ibid._n their_o weak_a pulse_n 57_o why_o they_o be_v insensible_a while_o their_o external_a sense_n be_v right_a ibid._n how_o their_o body_n like_o a_o corpse_n 59_o and_o a_o great_a drought_n ibid._n yet_o in_o the_o place_n of_o death_n come_v warmth_n and_o heat_n 60_o which_o end_v in_o sweat_v 61_o their_a pulse_n strong_a and_o more_o frequent_a ib._n and_o a_o beat_n in_o their_o head_n ib._n a_o great_a drought_n 62_o the_o pulse_n natural_a for_o some_o time_n 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of_o a_o vast_a augmentation_n distend_v the_o side_n of_o its_o channel_n be_v more_o unfit_a for_o motion_n and_o press_v the_o neighbour_a part_n and_o so_o may_v easy_o produce_v the_o sense_n we_o have_v and_o very_o often_o complain_v of_o a_o unnatural_a weight_n for_o in_o this_o weight_n or_o heaviness_n we_o have_v the_o same_o sensation_n as_o when_o load_v under_o a_o great_a burden_n and_o therefore_o in_o this_o the_o part_n be_v the_o same_o way_n affect_v as_o when_o a_o weight_n press_v our_o body_n but_o by_o this_o weight_n the_o membrane_n nerve_n and_o muscle_n be_v so_o press_v and_o the_o bone_n so_o force_v into_o their_o joining_n that_o they_o can_v not_o subsist_v if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o the_o violent_a nisus_n of_o the_o muscle_n neither_o can_v those_o muscle_n be_v contract_v but_o by_o a_o more_o abundant_a influx_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n overcome_v this_o pressure_n nor_o can_v they_o be_v propel_v through_o the_o compress_a nerve_n unless_o 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motion_n justle_a and_o break_v each_o other_o into_o small_a part_n but_o the_o blood_n be_v viscid_a or_o tough_a be_v not_o so_o easy_o in_o its_o nature_n break_v and_o dissolve_v and_o therefore_o the_o warmth_n be_v still_o more_o violent_o lock_v up_o and_o confine_v moreover_o while_o the_o blood_n be_v so_o viscid_a its_o motion_n be_v even_o slow_a than_o natural_o it_o shall_v be_v and_o consequent_o the_o heat_n be_v lessen_v and_o the_o blood_n not_o so_o well_o divide_v because_o the_o break_n of_o it_o into_o small_a part_n depend_v upon_o its_o motion_n so_o that_o according_a as_o the_o motion_n be_v diminish_v and_o the_o force_n of_o the_o viscidity_n great_a the_o coldness_n be_v proportionable_o great_a over_o the_o whole_a body_n body_n and_o because_o the_o blood_n have_v its_o motion_n from_o the_o heart_n and_o in_o its_o whole_a journey_n round_o the_o body_n
moreover_o restless_a in_o this_o extraordinary_a heat_n there_o be_v a_o less_o secretion_n of_o spittle_n and_o that_o which_o be_v separate_v be_v immediate_o exhale_a by_o this_o unnatural_a heat_n and_o therefore_o the_o tongue_n and_o all_o that_o neighbourhood_n be_v very_o dry_a the_o sense_n dry_a of_o thirst_n be_v feel_v but_o because_o of_o this_o dryness_n and_o the_o particular_a contexture_n of_o the_o tongue_n which_o have_v its_o fibre_n run_v across_o in_o its_o composition_n rough_a these_o fibre_n rise_v stare_v be_v stiff_a and_o rough_a and_o appear_v to_o our_o touch_n as_o if_o we_o run_v our_o finger_n over_o a_o grater_n so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v deprive_v of_o its_o humidity_n and_o while_o the_o fibre_n and_o blood_n vessel_n stare_v thus_o they_o can_v be_v easy_o contract_v and_o so_o the_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n that_o be_v dry_a can_v move_v but_o stagnate_n under_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o tongue_n while_o its_o more_o fluid_a part_n be_v press_v forward_o and_o the_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n that_o be_v thus_o stop_v be_v of_o a_o high_a red_a colour_n appear_v very_o easy_o black_a to_o be_v black_a and_o a_o little_a inflame_v and_o if_o this_o heat_n increase_v natural_o or_o by_o art_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o blood_n will_v be_v mighty_o rarify_v and_o flow_v through_o the_o lung_n in_o this_o great_a and_o rarify_v quantity_n it_o will_v press_v they_o violent_o on_o all_o side_n so_o that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v so_o easy_o expanded_a and_o therefore_o the_o difficult_a respiration_n will_v be_v also_o difficult_a and_o the_o small_a quantity_n of_o air_n that_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o unexpanded_a lung_n be_v warm_v with_o the_o hot_a blood_n which_o then_o circulate_v through_o that_o part_n affect_v we_o so_o when_o expire_v as_o the_o air_n of_o a_o chamber_n that_o be_v agitate_a by_o the_o small_a part_n of_o our_o fire_n that_o move_v among_o it_o and_o this_o affect_v we_o with_o heat_n so_o 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into_o the_o nerve_n which_o will_v entire_o destroy_v the_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o bring_v death_n or_o the_o blood_n may_v be_v in_o such_o a_o condition_n that_o it_o can_v give_v no_o supply_n of_o such_o spirit_n and_o upon_o this_o account_n too_o there_o can_v be_v no_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n no_o motion_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v the_o want_n of_o life_n itself_o and_o in_o both_o these_o respect_n death_n it_o be_v evident_a how_o death_n may_v be_v the_o fatal_a consequence_n of_o this_o sickness_n for_o in_o the_o first_o the_o blood_n be_v either_o very_a viscid_n in_o the_o cold_a fit_a or_o extreme_o rarify_v in_o the_o hot_a by_o the_o patient_n own_o constitution_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o place_n where_o he_o live_v or_o warm_v medicine_n be_v so_o interrupt_v in_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o be_v augment_v by_o the_o succeed_a blood_n it_o may_v distend_v the_o side_n of_o the_o artery_n and_o produce_v the_o name_v effect_n or_o if_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o cold_a fit_n be_v so_o viscid_a and_o confine_n the_o spirit_n that_o they_o can_v be_v separate_v or_o there_o be_v a_o real_a want_n of_o spirit_n in_o the_o blood_n which_o turn_v to_o the_o same_o account_n there_o can_v be_v no_o secretion_n of_o spirit_n where_o there_o be_v none_o and_o therefore_o there_o will_v none_o be_v derive_v into_o the_o nerve_n for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o muscle_n and_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o by_o it_o be_v no_o less_o evident_a that_o when_o the_o blood_n be_v thus_o infinite_o comminute_v and_o still_o break_v down_o into_o part_n lesser_a and_o lesser_a by_o a_o indiscreet_a management_n and_o want_v of_o drink_v of_o something_o that_o may_v be_v a_o body_n to_o the_o spirit_n the_o blood_n be_v not_o only_o deprive_v of_o that_o serum_fw-la that_o shall_v have_v preserve_v its_o fluxility_n and_o be_v that_o body_n but_o of_o its_o spirit_n too_o and_o so_o must_v needs_o produce_v the_o foregoing_a effect_n and_o make_v this_o melancholy_a tragedy_n end_n at_o last_o in_o death_n last_o since_o the_o sick_a must_v continue_v in_o this_o condition_n so_o long_o as_o the_o state_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v in_o this_o way_n and_o see_v those_o part_n which_o be_v thus_o break_v in_o this_o motion_n may_v be_v carry_v off_o by_o the_o glandule_n of_o the_o skin_n break_v open_a of_o the_o pipe_n by_o the_o intestin_n etc._n etc._n and_o by_o these_o mean_v the_o blood_n may_v be_v looseness_n render_v more_o compact_a and_o equal_a in_o its_o motion_n therefore_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o this_o sickness_n may_v be_v judge_v by_o sweat_v hemorrhage_n looseness_n etc._n etc._n thus_o have_v demonstrate_v the_o necessity_n of_o these_o symptom_n from_o the_o supposition_n of_o a_o interruption_n of_o perspiration_n hypothesis_n i_o will_v proceed_v to_o consideration_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n if_o i_o be_v not_o first_o oblige_v to_o vindicate_v this_o hypothesis_n from_o one_o that_o be_v mere_o such_o as_o i_o but_o late_o promise_v if_o therefore_o any_o one_o will_v take_v one_o more_o or_o all_o of_o these_o symptom_n and_o let_v he_o have_v no_o respect_n to_o any_o hypothesis_n but_o read_v they_o backward_o according_a to_o the_o know_a and_o familiar_a rule_n of_o nature_n he_o shall_v find_v they_o necessary_o proceed_v from_o a_o real_a or_o factitious_a fullness_n which_o be_v the_o same_o as_o to_o their_o effect_n and_o since_o we_o come_v by_o this_o fullness_n in_o our_o ordinary_a way_n of_o live_v it_o be_v plain_a that_o it_o be_v not_o that_o that_o be_v its_o cause_n but_o there_o be_v no_o way_n else_o we_o can_v acquire_v it_o except_o by_o retain_v somewhat_o for_o some_o time_n we_o usual_o lose_v and_o since_o it_o be_v not_o the_o first_o the_o last_o be_v either_o by_o the_o suppression_n of_o the_o secretion_n make_v by_o stool_n by_o urine_n in_o the_o respiration_n or_o by_o the_o skin_n or_o perspiration_n now_o we_o see_v the_o forego_n symptom_n rendezvous'd_v into_o a_o great_a number_n while_o neither_o the_o evacuation_n by_o stool_n urine_n or_o respiration_n the_o other_o i_o name_v not_o they_o be_v very_o inconsiderable_a seem_v to_o be_v much_o alter_v from_o what_o we_o see_v they_o in_o a_o natural_a state_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v perspiration_n only_o that_o be_v able_a to_o produce_v these_o effect_n and_o this_o fullness_n as_o i_o just_o suppose_v moreover_o sanctorius_n have_v teach_v we_o by_o make_v out_o the_o proportion_n of_o secretion_n in_o the_o 5_o 6_o 21_o 59_o 60_o aphorism_n of_o the_o first_o sect_n of_o his_o statical_a medicine_n that_o secretion_n by_o perspiration_n be_v at_o least_o double_a of_o all_o the_o other_o secretion_n and_o therefore_o when_o that_o be_v interrupt_v it_o can_v produce_v that_o fullness_n in_o as_o short_a a_o time_n as_o all_o the_o secretion_n together_o can_v and_o since_o they_o or_o the_o most_o of_o they_o be_v good_a while_o the_o name_v symptom_n have_v grow_v into_o a_o great_a number_n therefore_o this_o fullness_n have_v its_o rise_n from_o a_o interrupt_v perspiration_n and_o so_o the_o supposition_n be_v just_a and_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o a_o mere_a hypothesis_n as_o i_o be_v oblige_v to_o prove_v the_o perspiration_n thus_o interrupt_v in_o hot_a constitutious_a hot_a country_n or_o a_o warm_a season_n these_o fever_n do_v not_o begin_v with_o so_o long_a a_o continue_a coldness_n but_o the_o heat_n succeed_v a_o great_a deal_n soon_o as_o may_v be_v collect_v from_o what_o i_o be_o to_o say_v hereafter_o when_o i_o give_v some_o intimation_n of_o the_o sickness_n of_o hot_a country_n yet_o the_o blood_n have_v sometime_o that_o velocity_n we_o assign_v it_o to_o have_v in_o another_o place_n when_o it_o be_v most_o apt_a to_o make_v secretion_n by_o
the_o stomach_n intestine_n and_o pancrea_n which_o secretion_n be_v send_v into_o the_o gut_n in_o a_o great_a or_o less_o quantity_n and_o find_v they_o less_o constrict_v and_o the_o humour_n thus_o separate_v not_o so_o viscid_a as_o to_o subsist_v it_o must_v needs_o get_v out_o the_o natural_a way_n and_o produce_v a_o be_v looseness_n and_o though_o the_o gut_n be_v very_o firm_o shut_v yet_o if_o there_o be_v such_o a_o quantity_n that_o the_o power_n of_o its_o mole_n be_v great_a than_o the_o force_n whereby_o they_o be_v constract_v it_o will_v make_v way_n to_o itself_o by_o the_o intestine_n as_o before_o but_o suppose_v the_o gut_n thus_o shut_v up_o and_o the_o quantity_n so_o small_a that_o it_o can_v make_v its_o way_n by_o the_o intestine_n because_o of_o its_o mole_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v very_o thin_a sharp_a and_o force_v forward_o either_o by_o its_o own_o motion_n or_o the_o compression_n of_o the_o neighbour_a part_n or_o both_o so_o that_o it_o can_v dilate_v the_o gut_n there_o will_v be_v a_o looseness_n as_o be_v evident_a but_o since_o in_o our_o way_n of_o live_v and_o in_o the_o channel_n where_o the_o air_n be_v seldom_o very_o sultry_a it_o be_v but_o rare_a for_o our_o blood_n to_o be_v in_o these_o circumstance_n here_o require_v and_o almost_o never_o but_o in_o scorbutical_a case_n therefore_o we_o shall_v trouble_v you_o no_o further_o about_o this_o affair_n but_o mind_v you_o we_o be_v to_o account_v our_o diarrhea_n among_o our_o accidental_a sickness_n and_o to_o be_v treat_v as_o such_o in_o these_o observation_n that_o make_v the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o since_o we_o have_v see_v very_o plain_o these_o two_o different_a way_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v affect_v in_o a_o interrupt_a perspiration_n or_o a_o catch_v cold_a there_o be_v a_o three_o that_o in_o a_o cold_a season_n with_o the_o blood_n a_o little_a weaken_a wherein_o not_o only_o the_o blood_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o humour_n contract_v such_o a_o lentor_n and_o viscidity_n as_o we_o speak_v of_o just_a now_o yet_o when_o it_o be_v comminute_v and_o have_v past_o the_o several_a stage_n as_o before_o returns_z again_o by_o a_o fresh_a supply_n of_o such_o matter_n that_o be_v able_a to_o produce_v the_o same_o or_o like_a effect_n and_o in_o the_o discover_n of_o this_o i_o shall_v use_v the_o same_o method_n i_o do_v in_o the_o former_a i._n e._n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o give_v a_o plain_a and_o genuine_a history_n of_o the_o symptom_n or_o appearance_n in_o that_o order_n they_o affect_v and_o i_o shall_v unfold_v they_o in_o a_o natural_a familiar_a and_o conceivable_a way_n that_o we_o may_v be_v the_o better_a able_a to_o make_v such_o inference_n that_o may_v be_v useful_a in_o our_o practice_n first_o then_o they_o feel_v a_o coldness_n after_o dinner_n their_o lip_n be_v pale_a they_o tremble_v their_o pulse_n be_v weak_a while_o they_o be_v thus_o affect_v they_o have_v a_o insensibleness_n and_o trouble_v of_o 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from_o the_o other_o mass_n into_o the_o lacteal_v vessel_n in_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a dinner_n or_o two_o hour_n after_o dinner_n therefore_o in_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a or_o two_o hour_n after_o dinner_n this_o coldness_n be_v feel_v now_o in_o this_o viscid_a state_n of_o the_o blood_n it_o be_v more_o compact_n and_o distend_v not_o its_o channel_n sufficient_o and_o they_o as_o it_o be_v withdraw_v and_o disappear_v and_o because_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o lip_n be_v more_o superficial_a and_o be_v only_o cover_v with_o a_o very_a thin_a skin_n so_o that_o the_o blood_n in_o a_o natural_a state_n may_v almost_o be_v see_v run_v in_o these_o vessel_n and_o give_v that_o fine_a red_a we_o daily_o see_v yet_o when_o the_o vessel_n thus_o subside_o and_o withdraw_v the_o blood_n be_v thick_a and_o more_o compact_a and_o nothing_o remain_v to_o be_v see_v but_o the_o genuine_a colour_n of_o the_o membrane_n and_o fibre_n that_o compose_v these_o muscle_n and_o they_o be_v 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