â—â— o ♠♉ o o ♊ o o o â™ o o o ♉ o o ♊ o o 19 〈◊〉 Leape yeare February hath 29 dayes and S. Mathias day is obserued 〈…〉 day Februarie hath xxviij dayes The English Kalender Rom Kalé Heb. No Dayes Sund Let. Festiuall and fasting dayes with old S. names KaleÌ„ds Nones Ides LeÌ„gth day parts ecli New mooue suns eclipse Prime Full moone and her eclipse parts ecli Dayes Sund Let.  1 D faâ—t Kalends 0 0 0 0  0 0 0 11 G 2 E Puris of Ma 4 No 16  5.43 A  0 0 0 12 A 3 F  3 No 0  0 0  0 0 0 13 B 45 4 G Gilbert bish prid No 5  11.25 A  0 0 0 14 C  5 A Agathy viâ—e Nonas 13 â— 11. p 91 6.45 A 0 15 D 6 B  8 Id 0 0 0 0 17 3.14 p 0 16 E 7 C Angle bish 7 Id 2 0 6.47 A 6 10.42 A 0 17 F 8 D Paul bishop 6 Id 10 0 3.8 P  0 0 0 18 G 9 E Sol in pisces 5 Id 18 0 2.25 p 14 3.20 A 0 19 A 10 F  4 Id 0  0 0 3 11. 45. A â— 20 B 46 11 G Gustacie vi 3 Id 7  9.17 A  0 0 0 21 C  12 A Terme end prid Id. 0  0 0 11 6 43. A 0 22 D 13 B Wolstane Idus 15  3.44 A  0 0 0 23 E 14 C Valentine 16 kl 0 0 0 0 19 7.47 A 0 24 F 15 D Julian virg 15 kl 4 0 2.53 A 8 4.31 P 0 25  16 E Conitance 14 kl 12 â— 7.14 A 16 11.44 P 0 26  17 F  13 kl â— 0 0 0  0 0 0 27 B 47 18 G Simon bish 12 kl â— 0 0 0 5 10.50 A 0 28 C  19 A Nat. H Pr. W 11 kl â— 1  5 52. A  0 0 0 Marc. 20 B Mildred vir 10 kl 0 0 0 0 13 1.30 A 0 2 E 21 C 70 Martirs 9 kl  0 â— 39. P  0 0 0 3 F 22 D Cath. S. P 8 kl  0 0 0 2 1.47 A â— 4 G 23 E Policar fast 7 kl  0 3.16 A 10 15.46 P 0 5 A 24 F Mathâ— Apost 6 kl  0 10.23 p 18 Midnight 0 6 B 48 25 G Victerne 5 kl  ◠8.42 A 7  0 7 C  26 A Nestor mar 4 kl  ◠4. P  0 0 0 8 D 27 B Augustine 3 kl 0 0 0 0 15 8.12 A 0 9 E 28 C Oswald bish prid Kl 19 0 9.33 A  0 0 0 10 F  Prime ☌ Digigis 〈◊〉 〈…〉 Houres Printe ☠Houres Minuts Digits ☽  March hath xxxj dayes The Moone 30 ♊ Gemini is of the West Masculine Airie and Sanguine Ruleth the Shoulders Armes Hands Of sicknesses Phlegmones Feriuncula and other proceeding of bloud in the same places and is a bad Signe to bleed vnder ☉ place  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ♓ 1 ♌ ♠♉ ♠♑ ♊ ♠♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♈ 20 2 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♓ ♋ ♠♉ ♠♑ ♊ ♠♓ ♋ ♠♈ 21 3 ♠♑ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ â™ â™’ ♋ ♠♓ ♌ ♠♈ 22 4 â™ â™’ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ 23 5 â™ â™’ ♋ ♠♓ ♌ ♑ ♈ â™ â™’ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♉ 24 6 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ â™ â™’ ♋ ♠♓ ♌ ♠♈ â™ â™’ ♊ 25 7 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♠♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ â™’ ♊ 26 8 ♠♈ ♌ ♠♈ â™ â™’ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♉ ♎ â™’ ♊ 27 9 ♠♈ ♌ ♠♉ ♎ â™’ ♊ ♠♈ ♌ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♉ ♠♓ ♋ 28 10 ♠♉ ♠♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♠♉ ♎ â™’ ♊ ♠♓ ♋ 29 11 ♠♉ ♠♑ ♊ ♠♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♉ ♎ â™’ ♊ ♠♈ ♌ ♈ 12 ♑ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♊ ♠♓ ♋ ♠♉ ♠♑ ♊ ♠♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ 1 13 ♑ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ â™ â™’ ♊ ♠♓ ♋ ♠♈ â™ 2 14 â™’ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ â™ 3 15 â™’ ♋ ♠♓ ♌ ♠♈ â™ â™’ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ â™ 4 16 ♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ â™ â™’ ♋ ♠♓ ♌ ♠♈ â™ â™’ ♊ ♎ 5 17 ♓ ♌ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♉ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ â™ â™’ ♊ ♎ 6 18 ♓ ♌ ♠♉ â™ â™’ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♉ ♎ â™’ ♊ â™ 7 19 ♈ ♌ ♠♉ ♎ â™’ ♊ ♠♓ ♌ ♠♉ ♠♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ â™ 8 20 ♈ ♠♑ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♠♉ â™ â™’ ♊ ♠♓ ♋ â™ 9 21 ♉ ♠♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ â™ 10 22 ♉ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♓ ♌ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ 11 23 ♉ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ â™ â™’ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♠♈ ♠♑ 12 24 ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♉ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ â™ â™’ 13 25 ♊ ♠♓ ♌ ♠♉ â™ â™’ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♉ ♎ â™’ 14 26 ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♠♉ ♎ â™’ ♊ ♠♓ ♌ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ 15 27 ♋ ♠♈ ♠♑ ♉ ♎ â™’ ♊ ♠♈ ♌ ♠♉ â™ â™’ ♊ ♠♓ 16 28 ♌ ♠♉ ♠♑ ♊ ♠♓ ♋ ♠♈ ♠♠♉ ♎ â™’ ♊ ♠♓ 17 â—9 ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ â™’ ♊ ♠♓ ♋ ♠♉ ♠♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♠♈ 18 â—0 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♠♑ ♊ ♠♓ ♋ ♠♈ 19 â—1 â™ â™’ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ â™’ ♋ ♠♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ 20 March hath xxxj dayes The English Kalender Rom KaleÌ„ Heb. No Daves Sund Let. Festiuall and fasting dayes with olds names KaleÌ„ds Nones Ides Prime ☌ Digits ☉ New Moone suns eclipse Prime ☠Full Moone and ber eclipse Digits ☽ Daves Sund. Let  1 D David Bish KaleÌ„ds 0 0 0 0 4 6.2 A 0 11 G 2 E Chad. 6 No 8 0 3 13 A 12 12 p 0 12 A 3 F  5 No 16 0 10.10 p 1 4.5 p 0 13 B 49 4 G Adrian ma 4 No 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 C  5 A Euseb mar 3 No 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 D 6 B Vict Vic. prid no 5 0 0 34 A 9 5.30 P 0 16 E 7 C Perpe FeÌ„ Nonas 2 11 4 54 P 17 0 49 A 0 17 F 8 D EL martyre 8 Id 13 0 22 8 A 6 9 38. A 0 18 G 9 E Agapite vâ—â— 7 Id 10 â— 3 15 A 14 9 47. P 0 19 A 10 F  6 Id 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 B
Cauda the taile because they appeare vnperfect or maimed being neuer séene all at once to vs but as it were the taile or some part cut off these two circles the one passe by the beginning of Cancer and Capricorne appointing the Sommer and Winter Solstitials the other by the beginning of Aries and Libra coequating the dayes and nights and crosse one the other with tight sphericall angles vpon the poles of the world and these 4 times are expressed in these 2 verses Hac duo Solstitium faciunt Cancer Capricornus Sed noctes aequant Aries Libra diebus CHAP. XII Of the foure lesser Circles in Heauen THese circles bee called lesser circles because they diuide not the spheare into two equall parts as the great circles doe and they bée foure in number called the two Polar circles and the two Tropickes of which Polar circles the one is called the Arctique the other the Antarctique both being made by the conuersion of the Poles of the Ecliptique so that they be alwaies distant as far from the poles of the world as the Sunnes greatest declination from the Equinoctiall commeth to which is 23 degrées 28 minutes the Arctique taketh his name of Arctos which is the Beare whose one fore-foote doth also describe this circle This circle is also called Septentrional of Septentrio which signifies 7 Oxen represented by the 7 starres in the lesser Beare The Tropickes take their names from the Greekes also à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is conuersio or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which with Cicero lib. 2. de natura Deor. is Reuersio so that taking the Tropique from Tropos it is a conuersion or reuersion of the Sunne because being in either of these circles hée alwaies turneth againe towards the Equinoctiall CHAP. XIII Of Time TIme is the measurer of motion and as Armandus saith of Rest and Quietnesse containing thrée parts Past Present and to Come Time present called Nunc being a moment indiuisible or the least part of Time and yet the beginner and ender of time euen as a point is the least part of a line and yet beginneth and endeth the same for Nunc now this instant doth knit Tempus praeteritum futurum ending time past and beginning time to come There is also a space or time called Seculum An age in English being an hundred yeares at the end of which time in Rome they were vsed to celebrate Plaies called Ludi seculares There is another space of time containing a thousand yeares called Aeuum being ten Ages But Iohannes de sacro Bosco diuides the lesser parts of time into fiue parts as Quadrans the fourth part of the day or six houres an houre being the 24 part of a natural day 2 Punctus in the Sunnes account the 4 part of an houre in the Moones the 5 part 3 Momentum the 10 part of Punctus 4 Vncia the 12 part of Momentum and the last is Atomos the 44 part of Vncia CHAP. XIIII Of the day both Naturall and Artificiall and their diuers beginnings THe day is of two sorts Naturall and Artificiall the Naturall day is the space of 24 houres in which time the Sunne is caried by the first Mouer from the East into the West and so round about the world into the East againe The Artificiall day continues from Sunne rising to Sunne setting and the Artificiall night is from the sunnes setting to his rising And you must note that this naturall day according to diuers hath diuers beginnings as the Romanes count it from mid-night to mid-night because at that time our Lord was borne being Sunday and so do we account it for fasting dayes The Arabians begin their day at Noone and end at Noone the next day for because they say the Sunne was made in the Meridian and so doe all Astronomers account the day because it alwaies falleth at one certaine time The Vmbrians the Tuscan◠the Iewes the Athenians Italians and Egyptians do begin their day at sunne set and so do we celebrate festiuall daies The Babylonians Persians and Bohemians begin their day at sunne rising holding till sunne setting and so do our Lawyers count it in England The Phisitians diuide the day into 4 quarters the first is from the 9 houre of the night to the 3 houre of the day warme and moist mouing to sanguine The second is from the 3 houre of the Artificiall day to the 9 houre warme and dry increasing choler The third is from the 9 houre to the 3. houre of the night cold and dry begetting melancholy The fourth is from the 3 houre of the night to the 9 againe cold and moist causing phlegme Ioannes de sacro Bosco diuides the Artificiall day thus into 4 quarters calling the first Rubens the second Splendens the third vrens the fourth Tepens whereupon the sunne is fained to haue 4 horses Eous Lampas Pyrois Phlegon The Iewes began at sun rising and so diuided the Artificial day into 4 quarters alotting to euery quarter 3 houres wherby also they diuided the day Artificiall into 12 equall parts calling euery part an houre and beginning at sunne rising so that 12 a clocke or high noone was their 6 houre and sunne set their 12 houre so that where the Scriptures say The Ague left him the seuenth houre that is at one a clocke so the labourers the came into the Vineyard at the 11 houre came at fiue of the clock but by this 5 a clock is meant the houre of the Artificiall day and not the Naturall day the which is knowne according to the time of the yeare for the Artificiall day is done some time of the yeare before 5 as in the 25 Chapter CHAP. XV. Of the names of the Dayes and their Etymologie THe Iewes call their first day Sabbatum the next Prima Sabbati the next secunda Sabbati c. according as is written Manè prima Sabbati surgens Dei filius that is the first day after the Sabboth which is our Sunday vpon which day the Romanes calling the Planets Gods began their account calling the first the day of the Sun the next of the Moone the next of Mars the next of Mercury the fifth of Iupiter the sixth of Venus and the last of Saturne still skipping to the third Planet because the 24 houres in the Artificiall day and night are giuen to the 7 Planets successiuely so that if Sol rule the first houre vpon Sunday as hee must because it is his owne day then Venus hath the next and so proceed giuing euery of the 24 houres a Planet in true succession you shall finde that the 24 houre which beginneth Munday falleth to the Moone therefore if any day be denominated by any one planet the next day following taketh denomination of the third Planet next following which order after the Christians obserued And you shall note that a day in Latine called Dies is so called à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is Clarus or à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉
Solar yeare which are not much néedfull to be knowne in respect of this Treatiss To bee therefore short the Solar yeare is a space of time that the Sunne by his proper motion departing from some point in the Eclipticke returneth to the same place againe and this yeare Solar is either Astronomicall or Poeticall the Astronomicall yeare is either Tropicall or Sidereall and the Tropicall yeare is either Equall or Vnequall The Tropicall yeare taketh his beginning from the Vernall Equinox containing 365 dayes 5 houres 49 minuts 15 seconds and 46 thirds but the vnequall or aparent Tropical yeare containes sometime more as 365 dayes 5 houres 56 minuts 53 seconds and 1 third and other times lesse as 365 dayes 5 houres 42 minutes 38 seconds and 27 thirds And this vnequality is made by the vnequall precession of the Equinoctiall points The Egyptians wanting the vse of letters set forth the yeare like an Adder eating her owne taile so that it may bee said Annus ab Anguis a Snake wee may depaint the yeare by a King in respect they both turne round in themselues so may it be called Annus from Annulus a King for a motion in a King finished beginneth againe without end and therefore Virgil Atque in se sua per vostigia voluitur Annus Some call a yeare Annus ab innouatione because the strength and vertue of all vegetable things is renewed and are passed ouer by the course of time It is called Annus ab An which is Circum and eo in by reason of the foresaid reuolution of Time CHAP. XXI Of the Iulian yeare or our vulgar yeare and of the Leap-yeare and the cause thereof with the diuers beginnings of yeares IVlius Caesar anno mundi 3925.45 yeares before the birth of Christ and the yeare before his bloudy death noting the falsenesse of the yeare then vsed by the Councell of Sosigenes an excellent Mathematitian made the yeare to consist of 365 dayes and 6 houres and because it would be very difficult to computate these 6 houres euery yeare for should you begin this yeare at 12 of the clocke and 6 houres it must end the next yeare at 12 and 6 houres and the next yeare following would end at mid-night c. So that wee should driue the beginning of the yeare euery 4 yeares a day further without the getting of a day so that in 124 yeares the Annuntiation of Mary would fall to bée where Saint Marke Euangelist is or a day sooner To auoyd which inconuenience Caesar concluded that at euery foure yeares there should be a day gotten by the surplus of the 6 houres in euery yeare for 4 times 6 make 24 houres which day he added to February for that it is the shortest moneth and according to the ancient and also according to our Churches account the last moneth and this day they put at the 25 of February so that the letter F is twise repeated Saint Mathias day being obserued vpon the later according to the verse Bissextum sextae Martis tenuere Calendae Posteriore die celebrantur festa Mathiae So that the Iulian yeare is two-fold as Iulian and Bissextill it is called Bissextill of bis and sex because the 6 Kalends of March is twise repeated so may it be called Annus intercalaris because of the day that is put betwéene so may February in that respect be called Mensis intercalaris and so may the 25 of February that yeare be called Dies intercalaris But since the Romanes haue found that this Iulian yeare was too great and by helpe of Antonius Lilius they haue abated the quantity of the yeare making it to consist of 365 daies 5 houres 49 minutes and 12 seconds whereby their account in the celebration of the festiuall daies and of the times of the yeare differeth 11 dayes from ours as in my Kalender and yet is neither of these accounts precisely true by occasion of the vnequall precession of the Equinoctiall points of which here is no place to speake By this that is said in the Chapters before you may gather that a wéeke hath seuen dayes or 168 houres a moneth 4 wéekes 30 dayes or 720 houres I speake of Solar moneths and a yeare 52 wéekes 12 moneths 365 dayes or 8760 houres But the leape yeare hath 366 daies or 8784 houres wanting indéed according vnto true calculation 47 minutes and 12 seconds and so much doth euery foure yeares differ from our Iulian yeare which is 11 minutes and 48 seconds euery yeare And you must note that according vnto diuers men the yeare hath diuers beginnings which some call Aera Numa Pompilius did begin the yeare at the Hyemall Solstitiall because as then the Sunne began to ascend Romulus began the yeare at the Equinoctiall of March because as then all things began to flourish all trées and plants to bud c. The Arabians begin their yeare at the Estiuall Solstitiall because they are of opinion that the Sun was made in Leo. Some let their yeare take beginning at the Autumnall Equinoctiall The Egyptians count from the death of Nabuchadonozor the Persians from Iezdegird the Arabians or Moores from the preaching of Mahomet who was after the birth of Christ 626 yeares The Astronomers begin their yeare the first of Ianuary and so do we take it vulgarly in England But the Church of England and the date of all writings and such like hath their yeare to begin vpon the 25 day of March The Iewes began their yeare after two sorts viz for feasts in March and for other affaires in September And so must wee vnderstand Ezechiel chap. 40. vers 1. The Spaniards did reckon their yeare for tributes and all other payments from the Emperour Octauian vntill King Iohn altered it to the Natiuity of our Lord and you shall note that it was 500 yeares after the birth of Christ that the Christians did begin their yeare at the Annunciation of Mary CHAP. XXII Vulgar errours reformed I Tould you before in what time the Sunne did finish his course through the 12 signes of the Zodiaque and here you must know further that he hath thrée motions as slow being in Apogaeon or his greatest Eccentricity and then goeth not aboue 57 minutes 18 seconds in 24 houres and sometime but 56 minuts 43 seconds Swift being in Perigaeon or nearest the earth and then may goe one degrée 1 minute and 43 seconds in 24 houres and his meane motion at what times he passeth 59 minuts and 8 seconds in 24 houres by occasion whereof diuers things happen contrary as the vulgar take it as there be more daies by about 10 from the Equinoctiall of March vnto the Equinoctiall of September then there is from the Equinoctiall of September to the Equinoctiall of March. By occasion of this diuersity of the Sunnes motion the vulgar be also much deceiued that say that the dayes doe lengthen and shorten one houre euery 15 dayes which is false indéed from the 11 of March vnto the
27 of Aprill that proportion is true but then from the 27 of Aprill it must be to the 17 day of May which is 20 daies before the day be an houre longer and then from the 17 of May at what time the day is 16 houres long in the latitude of 52 degrèes and 20 minuts vnto the 12 of Iune which is 26 dayes the day doth but lengthen halfe an houre and 3 minutes The like it doth in shortning Another errour doe they run into concerning the dog-Dogge-dayes wherein the old Computation was much to blame in pretending a certainty for the beginning of them the 6 of Iuly and ending the 17 of August which is false as I noted in my Almanacke 1607 But as there so also in this Kalender shall they be truly placed the effect of the Starre Plin. reporteth lib. 1. chap. 40. of his Naturall History Another errour most runne into concerning the primeing of the moone for it is not as they suppose alwaies vpon the 5 day it containes a halfe quarter of that Moone happeneth she being 3 daies and 18 houres old being then 4 points of the compasse to the Eastward of the Sunne Also you shall note that when the hornes of the Moone hang perpendicular one ouer the other then the Moone is 90 degrées of the Eclipticke aboue the Horizon if the vpper horne incline more into the East then the lower horne doth then she is short of 90 degrées but if the vpper horne be more into the West the Moone is more then 90 degrées of the Eclipticke from the Horizon but this is not meant degrées of altitude taken instrumentally CAAP. XXIII Of the Kalends Nones c. And what they be YOu must know that in euery moneth there be thrée principall dayes which as the Romans pleased gaue denomination to all the rest of the daies in the yeare and they be called Kalends Nones and Ides The Kalends be the first day of euery moneth from which the daies are accounted backwards calling the next day in this regression Pridiè Calendas as the last of March is Pridiè Calendas Aprilis they were called Kalends or Calendae as it were Colendae because in old time they were vsed to sanctifie the first day of euery moneth in honour of Iuno and therefore Ouid said Vendicat Ausonias Iunonis cura Calendas Or they be called Kalends of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Calo which is voco to call because the first day of euery moneth the Pontifex minor standing in an eminent place of the Citie did make 4 calles or more according to the number of daies that the Faires called Nundinae should endure therefore in the plurall number they bee called Calendae as it were calles Or they may bee called Kalendae Kalends à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is Bonum because the first day of euery moneth one friend was accustomed mutually to giue certaine gifts or presents to another to the end that all the moneth following there might happen to them bonum omen Now the Nones bee certaine daies placed in euery moneth wherof the most hath but 6 and the moneth that hath least 4. they begin at the Ides and end at the Kalends they take their name as some say of Non because during that time the Romanes sanctified no day to their God as may appeare by Ouid Nonarum tutela Deo caret c. Or they might be called Noue by reason of the renouation of their images euery moneth or they are called Nonae à Nundinis which is Faires or markets because the number of Nones limited the duration thereof in euery moneth Lastly about the midst of euery moneth there be certaine daies called Ides which is as it were Diuisions for they diuide euery moneth into 2 parts and are a number of 8 daies which in euery moneth according to the order of daies in our Kalender follow the Nones according to the verse Octo tenent Idus menses generaliter omnes But some moneths haue more Nones then others as in the verse Mar. Ma. lul Oct. senas reliquis dato bis duo Nonas Therefore if you take all the Nones and Ides of euery moneth and adde them together substracting the whole from the number of dayes in the moneth then is the remainder the number of Kalends in that moneth and as there is Pridiè Kalendas so there is Pridiè Nonas and Pridiè Idus And you must know that amongst the ancient Astronomers there bee certaine vnfortunate dayes in euery moneth the which in many matters they held ominous and fatall but of the truth thereof let them iudge that are obseruers thereof onely I will set them downe lest of some the booke bee condemned for their absence and in such sort as no one as yet hath obserued CHAP. XXIIII Of the infortunate and fatall dayes of the yeare as also of the good and happy dayes IAnuary the 1.2.4.5.10.15.17.19 February the 8.10 and the 17. March the 15.16 and the 19. Aprill the 16. and 21. Not so euill the 7.8.10.20 May the 7.11.20 Not so bad the 3. and 5. Iune the 4. and 7. Not so euill 10.15.22 Iuly the 15.20 August the 19.20 These not so bad 1.29 and 30. September the 6 and 7. Not so bad the 3.4.21.22 October the 5. Not so bad the 3.16.24 Nouember the 15.19 Not so bad 5.6.28.29 December the 6.7.9 Not so euill the 15.17.22 Furthermore Astrologers will haue in euery Moone 2 infortunate daies wherein they recount it most vnhappy to begin or vndertake any kinds of worldly affaires and they repute them right perilous many wayes else the which dayes follow In Ianuary the 3 and 4 day of the new Moone February the 5 and 7. March the 6 and 7. April the 5 and 8. May the 8 and 9. Iune the 5 and 15. Iuly the 3 and 13. August 8 and 13. September 8 and 13. October 5 and 12. Nouember the 5 and 9. December the 3 and 13. Againe there bee sixe most infortunate daies chosen out of the whole yeare by some wherein they aduertise no man to bleed because of great danger of death and for that the effects of the Constellations worke most wonderfull to death and otherwise be right vnfortunate It is therefore very ill to haue a child borne in them for feare of an euill death and bad and vnhappy they be in other humane affaires as the ancients teach and they be Ianuary the 3 day Iuly the 1. October the 2. Aprill the 30. August the 1. and the 31. Moreouer in euery moneth there were two dayes which were called Aegri mali Aegyptiaci they be called Aegri ab effectu because according to the opinion of many if any fell sicke in any of these dayes they should hardly or neuer escape it They bee called Mali because it was naught to begin any kinde of worke by reason of the euill affections of the Constellations They be called Aegyptiaci because they were inuented of the Egyptians and they
by water 5 ♊ 19 21 Drye Voyage treat of mariage set children to schoole take medicines 6 ♋ 2 13 Temperate Apt to warre bad to sow seedes plant c. 7 ♋ 15 5 moiste Apt to till the earth and to iourney c. 8 ♋ 27 57 Cloudy and temperate Iourney specially by water take phisicke best in pilles 9 ♌ 10 49 drye Good to Nauigate otherwise bad in all things 10 ♌ 23 41 moiste Good for mariage bad to iourney good to plant or build 11 ♠6 32 Temperate somthing cold Sow plant deliuer prisoners leaue laxatiue medicines 12 ♠19 35 moiste Plant sow marry bad to Nauigate onely 13 ♎ 2 17 Temperate Iourney Nauigate sow plow contract Matrimony 14 ♎ 25 9 Temperate Sow plant take physicke bad to iourney and marry a widdow 15 ♎ 28 1 Moiste Digge pits delue ill to voyage and marry 16 ♠10 53 Moiste and colde Infortunate and bad 17 ♠23 45 Moiste Buy beasts seeke to Widdows bad to Nauigate 18 ♠6 37 Drie Build sow plant saile ill in mariage 19 ♠19 29 Moiste Warfare besiege a Towne plant sow iourney Nauigate 20 ♑ 2 21 Temperate Buy cattell hunt wilde beasts bad for Mariage 21 ♑ 15 13 Temperate Lay foundations build sow seek to Prince or Magistrate marry not 22 ♑ 28 5 Moiste Take physicke Nauigate marry not 23 ♒ 10 57 Temperate Take physicke iourney ill to marry or lend 24 ♒ 23 49 Temperate Lead thy Army to battell marry sow medicine voyage not 25 ♓ 6 41 Drie Iourney towards mid-day or sunne set best for strife lay foundations 26 ♓ 19 43 Drie A most fit day for physicke in all other affaires bad 27 ♈ 2 25 Moiste Plant sow vse Merchandize but do not Nauigate 28 ♈ 15 17 Temperate Sow vse Merchandize marry take physicke do not lend or voyage CHAP. XXV To finde what Planet doth reigne any houre in the yeare and how long hee reigneth TO go briefly to worke resolue the houres of the day into minutes by multiplying them by 60 adding to the product the odde minute the totall then diuided by 12 doth tell you how long a planet doth reigne The like for the night But for the more ease behold the ensuing Table A Table of the Inequall Temporall or Planetary houres for euery day and night in the yeare Horae Diei Horae Noct. Horae Diei Horae Noct. Horae Diei Horae Noct. Horae Diei Horae Noct. Horae Diei Horae Noct. 0 12 24 36 48 H M H M H M H M H M H M H M H M H M H M 0 35 1 25 0 36 1 24 0 37 1 23 0 38 1 22 0 39 1 21 0 40 1 20 0 41 1 19 0 42 1 18 0 43 1 17 0 44 1 16 0 45 1 15 0 46 1 14 0 47 1 13 0 48 1 12 0 49 1 11 0 50 1 10 0 51 1 9 0 52 1 8 0 53 1 7 0 54 1 6 0 55 1 5 0 56 1 4 0 57 1 3 0 58 1 2 0 59 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 59 1 2 0 58 1 3 0 57 1 4 0 56 1 5 0 55 1 6 0 54 1 7 0 53 1 8 0 52 1 9 0 51 1 10 0 50 1 11 0 49 1 12 0 48 1 13 0 47 1 14 0 46 1 15 0 45 1 16 0 44 1 17 0 43 1 18 0 42 1 19 0 41 1 20 0 40 1 21 0 39 1 22 0 38 1 23 0 37 1 24 0 36 1 25 0 35 1 26 0 34 1 27 0 33 1 28 0 32 1 29 0 31 1 30 0 30 1 31 0 29 1 32 0 28 1 33 0 27 1 34 0 26 The vse of the precedent Table In the first row vpon the left hand finde the lenghth of the day or night in houres and if there be any minuts annexed finde them in the top of the Table where they bee set thus 0 12 24 36 48. And so in the common angle shall you finde the length of the planetary houre for the day or night vnder their proper Title and if you want the iust minute take the néerest for the difference produceth no sensible errour as when the day is 16 houres 24 minutes long then the length of a planetary hour for day is 1 houre 22 minuts and aplanet ruleth that night but 38 minutes as in the Table The length of a planetary houre thus found it rests to finde any time of day what planetary houre it is which as yet none of these little bookes haue taught You must therefore learne as hereafter at what houre and minute the Sunne doth rise vpon the day proposed and also the true houre of the day at the time proposed by some clocke or rather Sunne-diall and thereby get how many houres and minutes the said proposed time is after Sunne rising the number of which houres multiply by 60 and to the product adde the odde minute then the totall diuided by the number of minutes that a planet reigneth the quotient is the number of the planetary houre Example The Sunne riseth at 8 of the clocke vpon a certaine day which day is 8 houres long and I am required to finde what planetary houre it was at 10 before Noone 10 is two houres after 8 2 multiplied by 60 yeeldes 120. which parted by 40 minutes for so long a Planet ruleth that day as in the Table and the quotient is 3. Therefore I conclude it is the third planetary houre and if there had beene any minutes remaining those would haue shewen how many minutes of the planetary houre had beene spent Deale so with the night counting them from Sunne set Otherwise Another way I can shew you hauing any time of the day giuen and are required to know what planetary houre it is at that instant you must consider if the question were made before high noone or after if the question were made before noone worke as before if after noone adde the houre of the clocke after noone to the houre and minute of Sunne setting so haue you the distance of time from Sun-rising then worke likewise as before Lastly hauing found what planetary houre it is then must you séeke what planet doth reigne that houre which is thus done Consider what planet the day is called by as in the 15 Chapter and giue to that planet the first houre and to the next the second houre vntill you come to the houre proposed that planet which falleth to that houre is the planet the ruleth at that time But for more ease behold the ensuing Table which I haue newly made for that purpose A Table to finde what Planet doth rule euery houre by day or night Day Re. ☉ ☽ ♂ ☿ ♃ ♀ ♄ Night R. Sunday Munday Tuesday Wednes Thursda Friday Saterday H H H H H H H H H H H H H H ☉ 1 8 5 12 2 9 6 0 3 10 7 0 4 11 ♃ ♀ 2 9 6 0 3 10 7 0 4 11 1 8 5 12 ♂ ☿ 3 10 7
and diuide the product by 15 so shall the remainder be the number of the said indiction and this indiction is counted from September not from March To get the Age Change Full Quarters of the Moone TO find the age of the Moone you must haue 3 things as the Epact the number of moneths from March to your proposed moneth inclusiuely and the day of the moneth these thrée summes had adde them altogether so haue you the age of the Moone but if the summe excéed 30 substract 30 and that which you leaue is the age this is meant if the moneth wherein the question was made haue 31 daies for hauing lesse you must take away but 29 as oft as you may Now if you know the age of the Moone any moneth this yeare and would know how old she shall bee the same day the next yeare you must adde to her present age 11 so haue you her age the same day of the moneth the ensuing yeare and to that age adde 11 so haue you her age the second yeare ensuing and so infinitely remembring to reiect 30 as before Likewise if you desire to know the age of the Moone in the yeare last past that is all found by addition of 19 as before by 11 remembring the reiection of 30. To finde the new full and quarters of the Moone MArtin Cortez teacheth rules to find the day of coniunction but they bee not so true as that of Gemma Frisius which is thus adde to the Epact the number of monethes from March to the proposed moneth including the said moneth the which taken from 30 the remainder sheweth the day of the change but if the summe of addition excéed 30 you were best to substract from 59 so is the remainder the day of the change in which point Gemma Frisius left vs destitute the change had the full Moone is found by the addition of 15 daies and so by addition of 7 daies and 9 houres to the new or full Moone you haue the first or last quarter To finde the new or full Moone more exactly by my new Tables THese briefe rules that the ancient Astronomers haue taught and the moderne obseruers corrected howbeit they were singular in respect of the inuention yet doe they faile a day at least especially when the Epact is aboue 26 wherefore you shall haue the day houre and minute of the change and full Moone set in my Kalender and truely verified till 1630 which by the ensuing rules will serue perpetually the vse whereof is thus Consider if you séeke the change or full Moone for they haue Primes both in seuerall columnes vpon the left hand vnder this title Prim. ☌ Prim. ☠◠therefore when you know what the Prime is for the proposed yeare séeke the same in one of the rowes of Primes descending and note against what day of the Moneth it stands for that is the day of the change or full Moone according to the Prime you tooke then in the row vnder New or Full Moone is the houre and minute of change or opposition noted with this letter A or P signifying that it happened before or after noone according to the letter there placed Example 1612 the Prime is 17 and I desire to know what day houre the change and full moone shal fall on in August First therefore for the New Moone I find the Prime 17 in the row vpon the left hand vnder the title Prim. ☌ which stands against the 16 day of the Moneth therefore the change was the 16 day then against 17 vnder the title New Moone is 11.6 A. which signifieth that the new Moone which happened the 16 day was at 11 of the clocke and 6 minutes before Noone Now for the full Moone in August I seeke the Prime for that proposed yeare vnder the proper title of Prim. ☠which you shall finde to stand against the 31 day and then vnder the title of Full Moone is 3.49 A whereby as before you may conclude that the Full Moone in August 1612 will be the 31 day at 3 of the clocke and 49 minutes before noone And here note against some Primes you shall finde 16 or 17 houres or more with this letter A or P which signifieth that the Aspect happened so many houres before or after high Noone of the same day Now if you would know any of these Aspects after 1630 you must substract 1 houre and 30 minutes from the time of the happening of the Aspect and when you haue done so 19 yeares then substract 3 houres and so forth alwaies subtracting 1 houre 30 minuts for euery 19 yeares hereby will those Tables be made more true perpetually then any that yet were euer extant CHAP. XXXIIII To finde what signe the Sunne or Moone is in TO finde the signe that the Moone is in Ioan de Sacro Bosco saith thus Multiply the age of the Moone by 4 parting the product by 10 so shall the quotient shew you the number of signes that the Moone is distant from the Sunne then the ramainder multiplied by 3 noteth to you the degrée of the signe that the Moone is in Therefore finde the place of the Sunne as hereafter and from thence count the signes and degrées before found and where it ends is the place of the Moone but this rule is not precise and besides is tedious for the vulgar To know what signe the Moone is in by my new Tables FOr this purpose there be so many Tables out and they subiect vnto much errour that if the Moone do worke in these inferiour bodyes as Pliny affirmes lib. 2. chap. 99 or alter the humors thereof according to her place in the Zodiacke as the learned teach and experience confirmes then vaine and vnnecessary be those Tables that so lead the vulgar into such errours and abuses for either it is necessary that her true place bee knowne or needlesse to bee sought if needlesse what needeth any obseruation at all if necessary how do they beguile them that put trust therein For the Sheep-heards Kalender Generall Prognostication Computation and such like bookes suppose the Moone neuer to her slow motion but when she is in Cancer Scorpio or Pisces which is extreamly false for you shall perceiue her stay dayes in the other signes if you peruse my Tables as in Aries Taurus or Gemini c. which their Tables will not allow which errour is like that of Pliny lib. 2. chap. 17 saying that the Moone entreth not twise in coniunction with the Sun in any other signe but Gemini which is not so as in the yeare 1609 and 1612 in August and September there bee coniunctions in Virgo as in Aprill and May 1610 in Taurus Also hee saith there is neuer any coniunction of the Sunne and Moone in Sagittarius the contrary is 1613 in December and 1614 in Nouember Therefore to finde what signe the Moone precisely is in euery day in the yeare till 1630 do thus Get the Prime as
in the place of the Eclipse exceedeth the latitude of the Moone and her bodily somidiameter The Partile Eclipse of the Moone is when part if the body of the Moone is darkened whereof there be 3 sorts first when halfe her diameter is darkened happening when the latitude of the Moone is equall to the semidiameter of the earths shadow next when lesse then the semidiameter is darkened happening when her latitude is more then the semidiameter of the earths shadow Thirdly when more then the Moones semidiameter is obscured which cometh to passe when the latitude of the Moone is lesse then the semidiameter of the earths shadow Of the parts of the Moone Eclipsed Like as the body of the Sun so also the body of the Moone is imagined to bee diuided into 12 parts because their diameters appeare as a foot long so that we say they bee eclipsed so many digits or fingers but for the Moone by reason of the thicknesse of the shadow of the earth she may be eclipsed 23 Digits but I should proue ouer-tedious amply to discourse of these matters therefore find out her eclipse thus To finde the Moones Eclipse Finde as before at what houre and what day of the moneth any full Moone happeneth and there finde the eclipse of the moone as you did that of the Sunne remembring alwaies to séeke the moones eclipse vnder the Title Full Moone and her Eclipse and the Digits or parts of her body eclipsed in the row vpon the right hand vnder Digits ☽ remembring what is said of the Sunne This is casie CHAP. XXXVI To find the houre of Sun-rising and setting the length of the day and night with the breake of day and continuance of twi-liâ—â—â— Moneths Dayes Breake of day Sunne rising Length of day Length of night Sunne setting Twylight H M H M H M H M H M H M Ianu. 1 3 54 8 0 8 0 16 0 4 0 6 0 10 5 44 7 19 8 21 15 39 4 11 6 16 20 5 37 7 34 8 52 15 8 4 26 6 23 Febr. 1 5 15 7 13 0 24 14 16 4 45 6 47 10 5 0 6 56 10 8 13 52 5 4 7 0 20 4 50 6 36 10 47 13 13 5 24 7 10 March 1 4 20 6 19 11 22 12 38 5 41 7 40 10 4 0 6 1 11 58 12 2 5 59 8 0 20 3 40 5 45 12 37 11 23 6 19 8 22 Aprill 1 3 8 5 18 13 23 10 37 6 42 8 52 10 2 40 5 1 13 57 10 3 6 59 9 20 20 2 10 4 43 14 33 9 27 7 17 9 50 May 1 1 30 4 25 15 9 8 51 7 3â— 10 30 10 0 30 4 22 15 35 8 25 7 48 11 30 20 Al day 4 0 15 59 8 1 8 0 no night Iune 1 and no darke night 3 51 16 17 7 43 8 9 but conunuall twylight 10 3 48 16 23 7 37 8 12 20 3 51 16 17 7 43 8 9 Iuly 1   4 0 15 59 8 0 8 0 0 0 10 1 30 4 25 15 9 8 51 7 35 10 30 20 2 10 4 43 14 33 9 27 7 27 9 50 Aug. 1 2 10 4 43 14 33 9 27 7 17 9 50 10 2 40 5 1 13 57 10 3 6 59 9 20 20 3 8 5 18 13 23 10 37 6 41 8 52 Sept. 1 3 40 5 41 12 37 11 23 6 19 8 20 10 4 0 6 1 11 58 11 2 5 59 8 0 10 4 2 06 10 11 22 12 38 5 41 7 40 Octo. 1 4 50 6 26 10 47 13 13 5 24 7 10 10 5 0 6 56 10 8 13 52 5 4 7 0 20 〈◊〉 15 7 13 9 34 14 26 4 47 6 45 Noue 1 5 35 7 34 8 52 15 8 4 26 6 25 10 5 44 7 49 8 21 15 39 4 16 6 16 20 5 54 8 0 8 0 16 0 4 0â— 6 6 Dece 〈◊〉 5 58 8 10 7 40 16 20 3 50 0 2 〈◊〉 6 0 8 11 7 34 16 23 3 59 6 0 〈◊〉 5 54 8 0 8 0 16 0 4 0 6 6 The vse of the former Table IF you would know at what houre the day breake the Sunne rise and set and how long the daies and nights be and when twi-light ends do thus In the first row vpon your left hand finde your moneth and in the next row rightwards the day of the moneth which are placed against the moneth three times thus 1 10 20 and when you want the iust day take the neerest for it will serue precise enough The day of the moneth thus found proceed rightward against the said day so shall you see the houre and minute of all the foresaid vnder their proper Titles and against the said day of the moneth As the 20 day of August the day breaketh at three of the clocke and 8 minutes the Sunne riseth at 5 and 18 minutes the length of the day is 13 houres and 23 minutes and so proceed forth To finde the houre of the day MVltiply the signe of the Sunnes Altitude taken instrumentally by the signe of the semidiurnall Arke diuiding the product by the signe of the Sunnes Meridian altitude reseruing then the quotient séeke the arke answering to the same as you be taught in the'seuenth booke of my Staffe called Trigonometria the which arke conuert into houres as you be also taught in the said seuenth booke so haue you the number of houres from Sunne rising if your obseruations were before noone or the distance from Sun set if they were in the afternoone Otherwise In the ensuing Scheme finde the degree that the Sun is in in the lowerend thereof and in the side B A finde the altitude of the Sun then note where the line passing by the degree of the Sunne paralell to B A intersects with the line running from the altitude of the Sunne and paralell to D A or C B for the houre-line passing by that intersection is the houre of the day Example The 21 of Aprill 1612 the Sunne is in the 10 degree of 8 and 30 degrees high the paralels issuing from which two places intersect at E and the houre-line passing by is marked with 8 and 4 so that if your obseruations were before noone it had beene 8 if after noone 4 of the clocke By this means the degree the Sunne is in and the houre of the day giuen you may find his altitude the same houre and contrary also hereby you may finde the rising and setting of the Sun c. and many other pretty conclusions which the ingenious will soone know and I for breuities take omit The Meridian Line South Signes Capricorne Scorpius Pisces Aquarius Libra North Signes Aries Virgo Taurus CAAP. XXXVII To know how long the Moone shineth when she riseth and setteth with the cause of her lesse or greater light THe Moone hath no light but what shee receiueth of the Sunne being a darke and grosse body as is well manifested in the time of her eclipse and though the vulgar
thinke shee is now partly lightned and now totall the imagination is méere false for she alwaies retaines one the selfe same quantity of light at her quarters other aspects as at the full for shee is a round Globe and that part of the globious body that beholdeth the Sunne is alwayes lightened so that when she is neere the Sunne the lightned halfe is auerted and turned from vs respectiuely to the Sunne because she commeth more and more vnder the Sunne receiuing thereby light vpon her vppermost part which beholdeth the Sunne and therefore the further she is from the Sunne the greater is her light and to know how long shee shineth do thus All the time of her increase multiply her age by 4 but in the decrease or after the full see what her age wanteth of 30 the which also multiply by 4 and make partition by 5 the quotient sheweth the number of houres shee shineth after Sun-set or before his rising Lastly the remaineder multiplied by 12 sheweth the minutes to bee added for alwaies whilest she doth increase shee followeth the Sunne and shineth after Sun-set her lightned part looking into the West but decreasing she goeth before the Sunne and shineth before his rising her lightned part looking into the East To know when the Moone riseth and setteth This rule in respect of the manifold motions of the Moone but chiefly in respect of her latitude is not alwaies so precise they may serue for a shift and sometime is precise Note therefore the length of her shining as before and also note if it be in the increase or decrease of the Moone and then for either worke thus All the increase to the houre of Sun rising adde the quantity of her shining so haue you her rising the same quantity adde to the time of Sun-setting so also haue you her setting But after the full take the quantity of her shining from the Sun rising you haue her rising the same also taken from Sun-setting sheweth the time of her setting and if substraction cannot bee made borrow 12. But for such that cannot finde the quantity of her shining Arithmeticall let them enter the ensuing Table with her age finding the same in one of the rowes descending or ascending in the first columne vpon the left hand answering to which in the next columne vnder the title The Moones comming to South shall you finde the houre and minute of her shining then for her rising and setting worke as before CHAP. XXXVII A Table to know the houre of the night by the Moone her comming to the South the quantity of her shining and full sea through England The ☽ Age for her shining The Moones comming to south The Mooues Age. High water at London Timot. Hartlepol Bristow Grauesend Barwicke Ost-end D D H M D D H M H M H M H M 1 29 12 48 1 16 3 48 7 33 2 18 4 33 2 28 1 36 2 17 4 36 8 21 3 6 5 21 3 27 2 24 3 18 5 24 9 9 3 54 6 9 4 26 3 12 4 19 6 12 9 57 4 42 6 57 5 25 4 0 5 20 7 0 10 45 5 30 7 45 6 24 4 48 6 21 7 48 11 33 6 18 8 33 7 23 5 36 7 22 8 36 12 21 7 6 9 21 8 22 6 24 8 23 9 24 1 9 7 54 10 9 9 21 7 12 9 24 10 12 1 57 8 42 10 57 10 20 8 0 10 25 11 0 2 45 9 30 11 45 11 19 8 48 11 26 11 48 3 33 10 18 12 33 12 18 9 36 12 27 12 36 4 21 11 6 1 21 13 17 10 24 13 28 1 24 5 9 11 54 2 9 14 16 11 12 14 29 2 12 5 57 12 42 2 57 15 15 12 0 15 30 3 0 6 45 1 30 3 45 Note that the houre of the Moones comming to the South is the time of full Sea at South-hampton Quindborow and Portsmouth Against the age of the Moone in the third row haue you the time of the full sea in any of the Hauens vpon the right hand and if you desire to know the high water or time of the Tide in any other Hauen in England you must adde the houres and minutes placed by the name of each Hauen vnto the houre of the Moones comming to the South as the Moone being three dates old commeth to the South at two of the clocke and 24 minutes then if you desire the high water at Redban you must adde 45 minutes more so haue you 3 of the clocke and 9 minutes For the high water at Redban or Aberden adde 45 minutes for Dundee S. Andrewes Silly 2 houres 15 minutes for Frith Leith Dunbar 4 houres 30 minuts For Flamot 5 houres 15 minutes for Foy Lyn Humber Waymouth Dertmouth Plimouth 6 houres For Milford Bridgewater 7 houres 30 minutes For Portland Peterport 8 houres 15 minutes For Orkenpoole Orwell 9 houres Diep Lux Lenoys 9 houres 45 min. For Bolein Douer Harwich Yarmouth 10 houres 30 minutes For Callice Rye and Winchelsy 11 houres 15 minutes To know at what time the Moone will bee full South any day in the yeare Seeke her Age in the third Columne answering to which in the second columne is the houre of her comming to the South and note all the increase shee commeth to the South after Noone that is vntill she be 15 dayes old and all the decrease she commeth to the South in the morning To know what of the clocke it is in the night by the Moone Looke vpon any Sun-dyall and see what of clocke it is by the shadow of the Moone as you doe by the Sunne noting how much it wants or is past 12 of the clacke for so much it wants or is past the houre of her comming to the South that day which houre you bée taught in the last note to finde Example Vpon a certaine day I looked in a Sunne-dyall and found the shadow of the Moone to point at 10 of the clocke which wanted two houres of 12 the same day I also found her age 9 dayes and thereby her cōming to the South was at 7 houres and 12 minutes therefore it wanted 2 houres of the same so that it must be 5 of the clocke and 12 minutes past or if the same day the shadow had beene at 2 after noone it had beene 2 houres past 7 and 12 minutes to wit 9 and 12 minutes So of the rest CHAP. XXXVIII Astronomicall Elections for physicke and Chirurgery depending vpon the place and course of the Moone IF thy body be filled with naughty and superfluous humors then were it connenient for thee to draw bloud so the heauens consent thereunto and thy age agree therewith which being not circumspectly weighed it may be most dangerous to the Patient of which no vnderstanding man is ignorant but when necessity vrgeth as for the Pestilence Plurisie Phrenzy c. then though the Heauens deny yet a veine is spcédily to bee opened ad aegri salutem
or Trine with Sol or Mars If of drynesse let the Moone bee in Cancer Scorpio or Pisces aspected as before with Jupiter or Venus Elections for Ablactation or weaning of Children For delicatenesse take the Moone in Gemini Virgo Libra or the first halfe of Sagittarius well aspected with Venus That they may be couetous the Moone must be in Leo aspected with Mars To be good husbands and bufie in the commodities of the earth take the Moone in Taurus Virgo and Capricorne well affected with Mars The Moone without Aspect and furthest from the Sunne maketh them forget the Nurse Elections for Husbandry Before you plant or graft consider the winde for if it bee in the North or East cease thy labour This foreknowne plant or graft generall the Moone increasing in Taurus or Aquarius Remoue and set yong trees in the last quarter the Moone in Taurus or Capricorne in September October Nouember and February Sow all kinde of Corne the Moone increasing in Cancer Set or sow all kinde of séeds the Moone well seated in Aries Taurus Cancer Virgo Libra Capricorne Aquarius or Pisces but with this prouiso that your seeds whose rootes be round be sowen three or foure dayes before or after the full moone but for store take the increase from February to Iune Gather fruits at the full c. Fell Coppice in the first quarter sheare shéepe in the increase and then cut haire to make it grow fast and thicke Cut vines in February March or September the Moone increasing in Aries Libra or Scorpio Libbe or geld cattell the Moone increasing in Aries Sagittarius or Capricorne Mucke your land that the weedes may not grow thereby in the decreasing CHAP. XXXIX Of the moueable Feasts and diuersities of Easter with the reason of our difference and the Romanes HAuing spoken of the changes of the Moone c. It followeth to speake of the moueable Feasts because they depend thereon and haue no fixed place in the Kalender being sixe in number to wit Septuagesima Quadragesima Easter Rogation Sunday Ascension and Whitsunday Septuagesima is so called of 70 as it were containing 70 dayes which the Church doth obserue in remembrance of the 70 yeares that the children of Israëll were vnder the Babylonicall seruitude and is alwayes three Sundayes before Quadragesima Quadragesima is simply said of 40 as containing 40 daies which the Church recounts in remembrance of the 40 daies that Moses fasted when he receiued the Lawes of our Lord Elias fasted so many daies so many daies fasted Christ before the tempter came and because the actions of Christ should be instructions to vs therefore we should endeuour to fast so many daies Easter is the principall of all other Feasts and so ordained by God at first and at this day there bee three sorts that is Pascha Hebraeorum the Iewes Easter Pascha Verum our Easter and Pascha Nouum the Romanes Easter The Iewes Easter was commanded to be kept the 14 day of the first moneth called Abib which day at Euen was the Lords Passouer and the 15 day should be the holy Conuocation as you may see Exod. chap. 12. verse 18. Leuit. 23.5 Deut. 16.1 Numb 28.16 Esdras 7.10 And this 15 day is taken for the first day after the first full Moone happening after the Spring Equinoctial which institution the Iewes altered holding a superstitious opinion of daies and thereby would not keepe their Easter vpon a Munday Wednesday or Friday breaking thereby the commandedament of God like stiffe-necked people as in the 2 booke of the Kings chap. 23. v. 22. Our Easter was ordained 322 yeares after the Incarnation for Constantinus Magnus noting the errors risen amongst the congregation of the Christians the many contentions that continually rose after the Apostles time about the celebration of Easter assembled from all Nations 18 Bishops other learned as wel Greeks as Latins AEgyptians such that could withall well determine of the motions of the celestial bodies Amōgst whom was Eusebius Bishop of Caesaria chiefe being an excellent Mathematitian and hee kept them there two yeares vpon his owne cost and charges and so 323 after the Incarnation there was a new Decemnouall or Golden Number instituted differing from that the Romanes then vsed which made it the longer before they would consent vnto it for by this new Circle Easter should be celebrated vpon the Sunday next following the first fuil Moone that should happen after the entrance of the Sunne into Aries and this new institution continued not passing seauen yeares after the Nicene Councell for in 330 there fell differences betwixt the Romanes and the Greekes about the same which continued neers 200 yeares and then in the time of Iustinianus the Emperour Dionysius Abbas a worthy Romane Anno 527 began to draw Paschall Tables and Rules Ecclesiasticall according as it was ordained at the former Councell which he finished Anno 532 and then at a Counceil at Calcedon it was established that whosoeuer held any other Easter then that after the statutes of Rome should ber counted an hereticke and therefore till 1582 no man durst presume to alter the Easter though they saw the Equinoctium still flye backwards from the 21 of March insomuch that it is now about the 11 day by reason of which anticipation sometimes there happens two full Moones before wee can keepe our Easter which was a cause the Romanes altered their Kalender and thereby is there 28 daies difference sometimes betwixt vs and them as in Anno 1557 60 71 84. and 87 also there may happen 35 dayes as in Anno 1565 68 76 79 in all which yeares there happens two full moones betwixt our Easter and the Spring Equinoctiall so did it 1595 and farre more late as 1603 and so shall it 1622 the which inconuenience the Romanes finding reformed their Paschall Tables whereby they produce Easter alwayes the Sunday following the first full moone according to the foresaid first generall Councell held at Nice in Pontus 322 yeares after the Incarnation But now whether it be best for vs to alter our Tables and Kalender according to that Councell I will not presume to argue if some say all Christians vsed this wee doe 1055 yeares I answere the Nicene Councel made no respect of the smal want that the day in cucry Leape yeare wanted of 24 houres being but 47 minutes 12 seconds as in the 21 Chapter but since there is passed 1289 yeares this present yeare 1611. whereby the Equinoctiall is gone before the 21 of March as it was then obserued 10 dayes and this is the cause of the difference betwixt vs and the Romanes whereby the Astronomers are forced in their Registers to distinguish thus betwixt vs and them Annus Nouus Vetus and so of the Kalender and of Easter and the other moueable feasts as before but this volume is too short for an ample discourse Now Easter hath diuers names according vnto the diuersity of Nations with the
10 50 Whitford bridge 10 40 Barkewaie 10 30 Puckeridge 5 25 Ware 5 20 Waltham 8 12 London 12  From Yarmouth to Colchester and so to London 92. miles From Yarmouth go first to Lestisse 6 miles thence to  miles * Blidbur 10 76 Snap-bridge 8 68 Wood-bridge 6 62 Ipswich 7 55 Colchester 12 43 Keluedon 8 35 Thelmsfoord 10 25 Brent-wood 10 15 London 15  From Walsingham to London 82 miles From Walsingham go to Pickam 12 miles thence to Brandon-Ferry 10 60 Newmarket 10 50 Whitford-bridge 10 40 to London as in Norwich way  From Cockermouth to Lancaster and so to London 223 Miles First go from Cockermouth to kiswike 6 miles thence to Grocener 8 217 Kendall 14 209 Burton 7 195 Lancaster 8 188 Preston 20 180 Wigan 14 160 Warington 12 146 Newcastle 20 134 Liechfield 20 114 Colesill 12 94 Couentry 8 82 Deuentry 14 74 Tocester 10 60 Stonystrat-ford 6 50 Brickehill 7 44 Dunstable 7 30 S. Albons 10 20 Barnet 10 10 London 10  From Shrewesbury to Couentry and so to London 126 Miles From Shrewsbury go to Watlingstréet 7 miles thence to  Miles * Shefnall 5 114 Bumingall 3 111 Woluerhampton 5 106 BremichaÌ„ 10 96 Meriden 10 86 Couentry 4 82 London as in Lancaster-way  From Cambridge to London 44 Miles First go to Royston from Cambridge 10 miles theÌ„ce to Barke-way 4 30 Puckeridge 5 25 Ware 5 20 Waltham 8 12 London 12  From Oxford to London 47 Miles First go to whatley-bridge from Oxford 5 miles theÌ„ce to Tetsworth 5 37 StokeÌ„-church 5 32 Wickham 5 27 Beconfield 5 22 Vxbridge 7 15 London 15  From Ludlow to Worcester and so to London 106 Miles From Ludlow go to Tenbury which is 5 miles thence to Worcester 16 85 Euisham 12 73 Chipingnorton 14 59 Islip 12 47 WickhaÌ„ 20 27 BecoÌ„field 5 22 Vxbridge 7 15 London 15  From Carmarthen to London Go first to Laundouery which is 20 miles theÌ„ce to  miles * Belth 14 135 Preston 12 123 VVorcester 26 85 London as in Ludlow-way  From S. Dauids to Hereford and Glocester and so to London 210 Miles From S. Dauids go to Axford 12 miles thence to CarmartheÌ„ 24 174 Newton 12 162 Lanbury 10 152 Breeknock 16 136 Hay 10 126 Hereford 14 112 Rosie 19 93 Glocester 12 81 Ciceter 15 66 Farington 10 56 Abington 10 46 Dorcester 5 41 Henley 12 29 Maidenhead 7 22 Colebrooke 7 15 Hounslow 5 10 London 10  From Carnaruan to Chester and so to London 207 Miles Go first vnto Conaway which is 24 miles thence to Denbigh 11 162 Flint 12 160 Chester 10 150 VVich 15 135 Stone 15 120 Liechfild 18 102 Colesill 12 90 Couentry 8 82 London as in Cockermouth-way  From Bristow to London 97 miles First go vnto Marefall which is 10 miles thence to Chipnam 10 77 Marleborow 15 62 Hungerford 8 54 Newbery 7 47 Reading 15 32 MaideÌ„head 10 22 Colebrooke 7 15 London 15  From Exceter to London 138 miles Goe first vnto Honiton which is 12 miles thence to Chartd 10 116 Crookborne 6 110 Sherborne 10 100 shafts-bury 12 88 Salisbury 18 70 Andeuer 15 55 Basingstoke 16 â—9 Hartlerow 8 31 Bagshote 8 23 Stanes 8 15 London 15  From Douer to London 55 miles First go vnto Canterbury which is 12 miles theÌ„ce to Sittingborne 12 31 Rochester 8 23 Grauesend 5 18 Dartford 6 12 London 12  From Rye to London 48 miles First go to Plimwell which is 15 miles theÌ„ to Tunbridge 11 23 Chepstow 7 15 London 1â— Â From Southampton to London 64 miles Go first vnto Twifor which is 8 miles thence to Alforth 8 48 Alton 7 41 Farnam 7 34 Gilford 9 25 Ripple 5 20 Cobbam 5 15 Kingston 5 10 London 10  From Couentry to Oxford 44 miles First go vnto Southam 10 miles theÌ„ to  miles * Banbury 10 24 VVoodstocke 12 12 Oxford 12  From Couentry to Cambridge 46 miles Go first to Dun-church which is 8 miles theÌ„ to Northampton 10 28 Higham ferries 10 18 S. Cedes 8 10 CaÌ„bridge 10  From Bristow to Oxford 48 miles Go first vnto Sadbury 10 miles theÌ„ to Cicester 12 26 Faringdon 14 12 Oxford 12  From Bristow to Shrewsbury 70 miles First go to Awfte which is 8 miles theÌ„ce to Munmouth 10 52 Hereford 12 40 Lempster 12 28 Ludlow 8 20 Shrewsbury 20  There is another way to goe to Shrewsbury from Bristow as to Glocester Tewkesbury Worcester and Bridgenorth c but it is 17. miles further and then you passe no Ferry From Yorke to Shrewsbury 103 miles Go first to VVetherby which is 7. miles thence to Oteley 13 83 Bradford 6 77 Halifax 6 71 Blackston-edge 6 65 Roch-dale 6 59 Manchester 8 51 Norwich 16 36 BestoÌ„-wood 9 26 whitchurch 10 16 Price 4 12 Shrewesbury 12  From Barwicke to Yorke 108 miles Go first to Belford which is 12 miles thence to Anwicke 12 84 Morpit 12 72 Newcastle 12 60 Durham 12 48 Darington 14 34 Noorthalerton 10 24 Topcliffe 7 17 Yorke 17  Of the distance of diuers other Citties out of England from the Citty of London c. VIrginia lyeth West South-west 3650 miles from London and their longest day is 14. houres min. 28. Sunne riseth at 8 a clocke 17. minutes Babylon lyeth East South-east 2710 miles their longest day being 14. minutes shorter then at Virginia Sun rising 4 houres 59 minutes Ierusalem lyeth South-east by East 2320 miles lying vnder the parallell with Babylon Sunneriseth 3. houres 6. minutes before vs Constantinople lyeth East South-east 1480 miles whose longest day is 15. houres 24 min Sunne riseth at 5 and 24 minutes Rome lyeth South-east 896 miles their longest day being 15 houres 4 minutes at 5 and 28 minutes the Sun riseth Lisbone lyeth South South-west 776 miles the longest day being 14 houres 44 min. at 5 and 26 min. the Sunne riseth Geneua lyeth South-east 440 miles the longest day being 15 houres 34 min. Sunne riseth at 5. hou 8 minutes Dublin lyeth North-west and by North 290 miles the longest day being 16 houres 44 min. Sunne riseth at 2 houres and 48 minutes in the morning Edenborough lyeth North North-west 286 miles the longest day being 17 houres 22 min. Sunne riseth 3 hou 9. minutes Paris lyeth Southeast by South 240 miles the longest day being 16 houres Sun riseth at 4. of the clocke and 3. minutes A Concordancy of Yeares containing a most exact Computation of time with briefe Notes of the best Chronicles against euery yeare Years of our Lord. post coÌ„q K. reigne time expired Easter day VVilliam Duke of Normandy base sonne of Robert the 5 Duke of that Dutchy and cousin germane to King Edvvard after the battell at Hastings came to London was crownd on Christmas day 1067 but according to the Church now 1066. Wil. Conque began Oct. 14 1066 1 1 546 April 16  1067 1 1 545 8 The King
18 Of the lunar yeare both coÌ„mon extraordinary ch 19 Of the solar yeare and the etymology thereof Ch. 20 Of the Iulian yeare or our vulgar yeare of the leap yeare and the cause thereof with diuers beginnings of yeares Chap 21. Vulgar errors reform'd c. 22 Of the Kalends Nones c. and what they be Cha. 23. Of the infortunate and fatall daies of the yeare as also of the good and happy daies Chap. 24 To find what planet reigneth any houre in the yeare and how long he reigneth c. 25 Of the natures properties of the 7 planets Cha. 26 A briefe discourse of the naturall causes of watery meteors as snow haile raine c. Chap. 27 Diuers signes to prognosticate what wether is towards Chap. 28 Of the foure quarters of the yeare and first of Winter Chap. 29. Certaine predictions of the weather in euery Moneth with necessary Abstracts and the poeticall rising of the starres Chap. 30 Predictions of euery day more particularly Cha. 31 Of the golden number circle of the Sunne Dominicall Letter and Epact c. Chap. 32. To get the age change full quarters of the Moone Chap. 33. To finde what signe the Sun or Moone is in Chap. 34 Of the Eclipses of the Sunne and Moone and to know when they shall happen and the quantity of obscuration Chap. 35 To finde the houre of Sun-rising setting the length of the day night with the breake of day continuance of twy-light Cha. 36 To know how long the Moone shineth when shee riseth with the cause of her lesse or greater light C. 37 A Table to know the houre of the night by the moone her comming to the south the quaÌ„tity of her shining and full sea through England Chap. 37 Astronomicall Elections for phisick and chirurgery depending vpon the place and course of the Moone Chap. 38. Of the moueable Feasts and diuersities of Easter with the reason of our difference with the Romans Chap. 39. To find the moueable feasts for euer according to our English Kalender Cha. 40 To find the moueable feasts according to the Romane Church Chap. 41 Of the Ember and Fasting-dayes as also of the times of mariage Chap. 42 Of weights and measures vsed in England Chap. 43 Measures in longitude and of the length the bredth and compasse of England Ireland and the adiacent Islands Chap. 44 To know how to reckon how much your daily expences commeth to in the whole yeare very readily without a Table or Calculation Chap. 45 Of the difference of gold in finenesse and the valuation of seuerall peeces of gold with other necessary Tables Chap. 46. Of the degrees of men before the Conquest Ch. 47. The placing of Estates and Degrees of Nobility in England in this Age C. 48 Of the number of Bishops in England and how they be to take place one before the other and of the number of parish Churches in England c. Of the towns that haue Burgesses in the Parliament house with the number of parishes in euery shire Chap. 49 A Concordancy of Yeares containing a most exact Computation of time with briefe Notes out of the best Chronicles against euery yeare Also a briefe Description and vse of the same AD LECTOREM IN LAVDEM AVTHORIS ROBERTI BROVGHTON Interionis Templi Carmina A ARtis ingenij vi nixus lector in arcto R Replicat Hoptonus coÌ„modapro partria T Tramite vulgari non est ingressus at eccè H Hîc procul occultas inuenit ille vias V Vraniae motus numeros scrutatur astra R Rarus aerarum computus ecce tibi H Hinc tibi concursus lunae cum sole notatur O Ortus stellarum Cosmicus Chronicus P Pandit deliquium solis lunaeque forensi T Tum fastos memorat iustitijque dies O Optamus placeat saueas tu sin minus audin N NecquicquaÌ„ infestans rumpitor inuidiâ AD ARCTVRIVM HOPTON Annis etiamnum Iuuenilibus Homine liboro verè dignis Studijs oppidò quà m insignitum Carmine Phaleucio 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Encomium AN quem Patricius docebat olim Iam tu a Scholler to the Irish Saint wrot of Genethliaque Iudgements liued vnder Vortiger about CDLX Bal. Maccius an scholae b A great Machematitian president of the publique Schooles which for those times were as our now Vniuersities at Caer leon in Munmouth not instituted by Arthur as Cay in his antiquity of Cambridge supposes but long after otherwise how could there haue beene C C. Students there about the Saxons ariuall as is witnessed in Camden out of Alexander Essâ—biensis Nor doth the Munmouth Ieffrey affirme that he instituted any Schoole there but onely that he had in the time of that pompous celebration of the Round Table-Order a Schoole of C C. Philosophers in this Citie which were altogether in coelestiall obseruations and Astrologie iudiciall Bale puts all this at Chester but vpon warâ—ant of the Brittish Story which in some things is seriously to be regarded it should be at Caerâ—leon vpon Vske stiled Isea Leg. II Aug. in Surita's Antonmus which may perhaps be meant by Ptolemâ—es 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 although he places it in another people He flourished vnder Vortimer vetustae Es Maugantius Insulaenè Glasti An c Otherwise Mouinus a Monke of Glastenbury in Somerset an Astrologer in Vortiport reigne Melkinus an aemulus Bladudi Madulphi d ¶ Elmer forrein writers call him so studious in curiosities that hee aduentured the imitation of Daedalus and the British Bladud's flying but with no lesse mis-fortune About the Confessors time was he a Monk of Malmsbury in VViâ—â—shire Bal. Cent. 2. Leland Malmesburicus Lib. 1. cap. 2. Camd. Matth. Paris in Hen. 3. so called froÌ„ Maldulph a Scot or Scoto-Hibernus who with Adelm his scholler disputed wrote about the great Controuersie of celebrating the true Passouer in his true time monachus e Rohert surnamed Grosse-test Bishop of Lincolne vnder Hen. III. besides his Mathematique sufficiencies which remaine testified in his Computus Higdens Polychronicon and else where spent seuen yeares labour in framing a Brasen-head which as Orpheus his did in Lesbos should tell Of such things as befell Philostrat in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 I Govver in Confess Amantis lib. 4. And seven yeres besinesse He layd but for the lachesse Of halfe a minute of an houre Fro first he began labours He lost all that he had do Such a peece of Magique performed is by an old Monke affirmed of Gerebert G. Malmsh de hist reg lib. 2. cui Gerebertus iste contrà quam alijs â—st Ioannes PP XV. De themate munâ—â— consule Petrum Alliacens ap Picum Mirand aduers Astrolog lib. 5. cap. 9. v. Iul. Firmic Bal. Cent. 3. De praestig Damonum lib. 2. cap. 4. Th. Iames in Eclog. Oxonio-Cantabrigâ—ers lib. 1. Leo Suan in comvend philâ—sâ— Paracels ad Paracels lib. 1. de vitalongá afterward Pope Syluester
bée in all the heauens bée 48 whereof 21 bee in the North in the South 15 and in the Zodiacke of the eighth spheare be 12 as Aries Taurus c. But besides these constellations there be some other more lately deuised as Antinous and Berenices haire Also the constéllations recounted by the Portugals as the Crosse the Doue the Triangle and the little Clouds about the South pole Of the twinkling of Starres The starres do not twinckle as we thinke they do onely our eyes bee deceiued by the motion of the aire for as the aire hath one motion proper that is vpwards so hath it another motion improper caused by the reuolution of the heauens euery 24 houres which draw all the aiery region about therewith by which meanes the apparent forme of the starres is distracted seeming to cast forth sparkles called twinckling which wée may well proue by a péece of siluer in the bottome of a swift running riuer or by looking vpon the stars which by reflection be seene in the same But the Planets doe not twinckle because they bée farre more néere vnto vs whereby their beames be stronger and lesse distorted piercing strongly through the aire so that they shine cleare without any twinckling for the nearer any light is vnto vs the stronger is the beame of the light that procéedeth from the same What the starres be made of The Starres be of the same matter as the Heauen is wherin they be fixed they be defined Densior pars sui orbis so that they bee of the same matter though farre more thicke apt to receiue and retaine the light of the Sunne whereby they become subiect to the sight for let the light of a candle pierce through any hole vpon the roofe of some darke house and the light of the same will appeare and make that part shining and subiect to sight whereas the contrary would happen in a light and perspicuous place for the heauen it selfe is most pure and thinne and not visible therefore some thinke the milke-white circle in heauen called of Astronomers Galaxia is more visible then the rest of the heauen Arist saith but vntruly that it is a Meteor Others say it is made by reason of the number of starres in that place which confusedly mingle their light together as Democritus therefore vnderstand a starre to be of the same matter as his heauen is being onely the thickest part of his orbe which reflecting not transmitting the beames of the Sun cause him to be more shining and subiect to sight CHAP. XI Of the 6 great Circles in Heauen and the twelue Signes MAN with the pencell of imagination hath traced out in the 8 spheare 6 great circles and also 4 lesser the great circles are first the Horizon which some call the Finitor and is a great circle diuiding the visible part of the heauen from the inuisible that is the vpper hemispheare from the lower 2 The Meridian is a circle passing by the poles of the world and the Verticall point to which circle when the Sunne commeth aboue the earth it is noone and vnder the earth night 3 The Equinoctiall is a great circle diuiding the spheare into two parts and when the Sunne is therein which happeneth twise euery yeare the daies and nights are equal through the world vnlesse with such that inhabite iust vnder the Poles 4 The Zodiaque is a great oblique circle 12 degrées broad diuiding the spheare into two equal parts and crossing the Equinoctiall in Aries and Libra so that the part vpon the North side the Equinoctiall is called the North part and the other betwéene the Equinoctiall and the South pole the South moity of the Zodiaque In the middest of this broad circle is a line called the Eclipticke or via Solis for that the Sunne and Moone bée neuer eclipsed but in that circle so that there bée 6 degrées vpon the North side the line and other 6 vpon the South side the Eclipticke which is called North and South Declination further then which the Sun departs not North or South being bounded with the Tropiques This circle is called Zodiacus à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is vita because according to the motion of the Planets vnder the same life is giuen vnto all inferiour creatures or it is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Zodion which is Animal because it is diuided into 12 equall parts euery part being called a signe and haue the name of some one liuing creature or other agréeing to the nature of those parts or by reason of the disposition of the fixed starres agréeing to the nature of those beasts with the Latines it is called Signifer quia sert signa or because it is diuided into them Arist in Lib. 2. de Generatione Corruptione calleth it Circulus obliquus where hée saith that according to the accesse and recesse of the Sunne in this oblique circle all generation and corruption is made in these inferiors the which signes with their characters follow 1 Aries ♈ 2 Taurus ♉ 3 Gemini II. 4 Cancer ♋ 5 Leo ♌ 6 Virgo ♠7 Libra ♎ 8 Scorpio ♠9 Sagitarius ♠10 Capricornus ♑ 11 Aquarius ♒ 12 Pisces ♓ Of which 12 signs the first 6 be called Northerne the other Southerne the Astronomers doe also diuide some into Ascendents as from Capricorne to the end of Gemini Others into Descendents as from the beginning of Cancer to the end of Sagitarius some againe be Vernal as Aries Taurus and Gemini some Estiuall as Cancer Leo Virgo some Autumnall as Libra Scorpio Sagitarius and some Hiemall or Brumall as Capricorne Aquarius and Pisces which signifie the 4 quarters of the yeare the first compared to sanguine and attributed to child-hood the second choler attributed to youth the third melancholy attributed to elder age and the last flegme attributed unto old age Also some are of the fiery Triplicity as Aries Leo Sagitarius some of the earthly Triplicity as Taurus Virgo Capricorne some of the aiery triplicity as Gemini Libra Aquarius and some of the watry Triplicity as Cancer Scorpio and Pisces Some againe are moueable others fixed others common Some likewise bée Orientall some Meridionall some Occidentall some Septentrionall some diurnall some Nocturnall some Masculine others seminine as shal appeare in their proper natures 5 6. The Colures are two great circles moueable and passing by the poles of the world whose office is to distinguish the Solstitials and Equinoctials they bee called Colures à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with the Greekes which is Membrum and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is Bos syluester because the taile of a wilde beast being erected which is a member doth make a semicircle yet vnperfect or as Schola interprets it A 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with the Greekes or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the first sillable beeing short à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is Mutilum mancum vnperfect or maimed and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is
〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is Duo because the naturall day is diuided into 2 parts to wit into Day Night or it may be called Dies à Dijs for the Planets be called Dij Gods whereof the dayes take their names Nox the Night is so called à Noceo noces because it is Tempus nocentibus aptum a fit time to do hurt and mischiefe CHAP. XVI Of the Weeke A Wéeke hath diuers names in Latine it is called Septimana à Septem and Mane as it were hauing septem Matutina tempora seauen mornings And so pars is taken pro toto It is also called Hebdomada ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is septem as containing seauen daies It is also called Sabbatum by the Iewes and therefore it is said in Scripture Ieiuno bis in Sabbato c. wherby Sabbatum is Aequiuocum ad totam septimanam And you must note that the Iewes Sabboth day was Saterday but the Christians obserued Sunday for to begin their wéeke because on that day our Lord was borne rose and sent his holy Ghost vpon his Apostles CHAP. XVII Of a Moneth Solar and Vsuall OF Moneths there be thrée kinds Solar Lunar and Vsuall The Solar moneth is the space of time that the Sun runneth through one signe of the Zodiacke being 30 dayes The Vsuall Moneth is the number of dayes according as they bee in our Kalender and amongst the Latines Romulus first distinguished the moneths diuiding the yeare into 10 moneths because in that time a woman might bring forth a childe or because during that time it was not fit for a woman to marry after the death of her husband The first moneth he called Martius à Marte of Mars his Father or rather of Mars in respect of warre because as then the Romane Kings were vsed to procéed in expeditions for it is rather thought that Amulius was Romulus his Father then Mars Amulius being his vnckle The next moneth he called Aprill ab Aperiendo because then the poares of the earth opened The third is May à Maioribus the fourth Iunius à Iunioribus The rest of the moneths were called Quintilis Sextilis September October Nouember and December because they were 5 6 c moneths distant from March But after Numa Pompilius added two more moneths to make them twelue calling the one Ianuary à Ianua because as you passe per Ianuam in atrium so per Ianuarium in annum or of Ianus the God of Merchandize who hauing two faces so Ianuary hath two respects the one to the yeare past the other to the yeare to come The other moneth he called February à Februo that is a Plutone because then the Romans offered sacrifice to Pluto and the infernall Gods for the soules of their ancestors or it is called February à Febre because as then in warme regions men were accustomed Febricitare that is to be sicke of an Ague so also may September be said quasi septimus ab imbre which is à Tempore pluuioso And to these moneths he gaue some 30 daies others 31 daies orderly so that when he came to Ianuary he wanted a day which he tooke from February which he restored againe in the Leape-yeare Then commeth Iulius Caesar and altereth the moneth Quintilis to Iuly calling it after his name for that hee was borne in that moneth After whom commeth Augustus and calleth the moneth Sextilis Augustus after his owne name and grudging that his moneth August should haue lesser dayes in it then Caesars moneth hee taketh another day from February adding the same to August and thereby left February but 28 dayes whereby hee did disorder the daies of the moneth that before did consist of 30 and 31 daies successiuely making Iuly August and September haue 31 dayes altogether and February but 28 dayes wherefore to auoid this inconuenience he was forced to take a day from September giuing it to October another from Nouember for December The which ordination of the moneths and position of dayes is vsed to this present time according to these verses Sep. No. Iun. Ap. dato triginta reliquis magic vno Nisit bissextus februus minor esto duobus Which is Thirty daies hath September Aprill Iune and Nouember The rest haue thirty and one Saue February alone Which moneth hath but eight and twenty meare Saue when it is Bissextile or Leape-yeare CHAP. XVIII Of the Lunar Moneth and the diuersities thereof OF Moneths Ioan. de sacro Bosco noteth 4 kinds as the moneth of Peragration of Apparition Medicinall and the moneth of Consecution The moneth of Peragration is a space of time containing daies 27 houres 7 minutes 43 seconds 7 thirds 15 fourths 36 fifths 55. In which space the Moone runneth through the 12 signes of the Zodiacke and is called of some a yeare of which yeares it is not much for one to liue 1000 for 80 Solar yeares make as many within 40. But this moneth is accomplished certaine minuts sooner or later according to her swift or slow motion The second is the Moneth of Aparition consisting of 28 dayes vulgarly diuided into foure wéekes The Moneth Medicinall containeth according to Galen 26 daies and a halfe and is also diuided into 4 wéekes The last is the moneth of Consecution being a space of time that the Moone departing from coniunction with the Sunne passeth round about the circls of the Zodiacke returning to the point where she left the Sunne finishing her Moneth of Peragration but finding the Sunne not there because he is carried by his owne proper motion neere one signe further shee is forced to spend two daies 4 houres 44 I. 3 II. and 16 III. to ouertake the Sunne before shee can come into coniunction againe so that this moneth is produced vnto 29 daies and a halfe c. and is called the Moneth of Consecution for that the Moone prosecutes to ouertake the Sunne CHAP. XIX Of the Lunar Yeare both Common and Extraordinary OF Lunar yeares there bee two kindes the one is called in Latine Annus Communis the other Embolismalis The common Lunar yeare is the space of 12 Moones not Moneths or changes which the Latines call Lunations it is called the common yeare Lunar in respect of his accord with the Solar yeare for as the one containes 12 Moones Lunar so the other consisteth of 12 moneths Solar the one hauing 365 dayes the other 354 dayes but in both there is omission of fractions so that the Solar yeare excéeds the common Lunar yeare 11 dayes of which the Epact is made The yeare called Annus Embolismalis is a space of 13 Moones containing 384 dayes so that this yeare exceedeth the common Lunar yeare 30 daies the Solar yeare 19 dayes it is called Embolismus ab Embolismo as Bissextilis is à Bis sex Sacro Bosco castles it Embolismus ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is quiddam insertum CHAP. XX. Of the Solar yeare and the Etymology thereof THe Astronomers make many diuisions of this
do also note vnto vs the 10 plagues of Egypt in these verses Sanguis rana culex muscae paruae pecus vlcus Grando locustae nox mors prius orta necant Bloud frogs lice flies all cattell lost their breath Plague haile locusts night no man scaped death Now these infortunate daies were noted alwaies in the Romane Kalender notwithstanding the inhibition of Augustine saying Calendas mensium dies Aegyptiacos non obseruetis But yet to satisfie all take them in the ensuing verses Armis Gunfe Dei Kalatos Adamare dabatur Linamemor Constans gelidos Infancia quosdam Omne limen Aaron bagis Concordia laudat Chije linkat Ei Coëquatae Gearcha Lifardus Of the words in these foure verses euery two serue for one moneth the first standing for Ianuary If therefore you desire to know the first of the two former fatall daies in any moneth count so many daies from the beginning of the moneth descending as the first letter in the first word is distant from A inclusiuely according to the Alphabet where that number ends there is the fatall day as in Aprill L. beginning Lixa is the 10 letter in the Alphabet therefore the 10 day is fatall and according to the number of the first letter in the order of the Alphabet of the secoÌ„d sillable the said houre of that said day is vehemently to be suspected But to haue the second fatall day of the moneth you must reckon so many daies from the last day of the moneth ascending as the number of that first letter of the second word for that moneth commeth vnto in the order of the Alphabet as in Aprill M. for Memor is the 11 letter in the Alphabet therefore the 11 day before the last of Aprill is a fatall day which is the 19 day of Aprill and so as before the first letter of the second sillable doth shew the most infortunate houre according to the number thereof in the Alphabet you must note that H in this account is taken for no letter Againe there be certain vnfortunat bad daies in the yeare called Dog-daies as before is remeÌ„bred Likwise through England the 28 of December being Innocents day is called Crosse-day and so is it accounted euery wéeke There be other daies recounted in a little foolish booke called the Booke of Knowledge taken according to the course of the Moone as thus The first day of the Moone Adam was made that he counteth a fortunate day but it is false for Adam was not made the first day of the Moone for the fourth day of the creation was the Sun Moone made and Adam the 6 day so that the Moone was made 2 daies before Adam what vertue should the moone receiue by the creation of Adam The like errour is vpon the 2 day of the moone for Eue so of the rest which since their errours is apparent they be better omitted the repeated for the truth of the rest I commend to your experience And you must note that there be other daies infortunate and euill caused by the motions of the starres planets and by the aspects of the Moone to the rest of the 6 planets as in the ensuing table is compendiously to bée séene A Table of the Moones Aspects to  Coniunction Sextile Quadrat Trine Opposition Saturne An infortunate day Iourney not to princes conuerse not with old meÌ„ fly husbandmeÌ„ Rurall labourers Iovne with rurall people till the earth plant trees vines such like But doe not seeke the loue of women Conferre not with Princes aged men abstaine froÌ„ phisicke and iournies seeke not thy desire Accompany rurall people repaire thy house plant vines and till thy ground Entertaine no seruant begin nor vndertake no kinde of thing Iupiter A fortunate day Goe vnto great men and Rulers expect good councell and iustice Accompanie Lawyers and Ecclesiasticall men reade law and statutes Study Phylosophy and you may intreate of Law matters as iudgements c. Begin all honest workes repaire seek to Kings Prelats Iudges it is good to meet them Take thy iourney it is good to meet with persons Ecclesiastical Mars An infortunate day Take no iourney auoyde Souldiers and warfaring men Buy weapons horses for war take iourny toward war deale with Alchimy fire workes A day of feare beware of contention the peace truce shall not hold Dispose of all things necessary for war buy horses of war make experieÌ„ce in alchimy Take no iourney hire no seruant seeke no loue of womeÌ„ auoide coÌ„pany of any Sol. Begin nothing but what thou wouldst should bee kept close and secret Repaire to Kings Princes c. Effect thy busines expect the office and dignity sought Take heede of princes and great men for this day is to be shund in all affaires Giue gifts to Kings great men aske and haue a league betwixt kings shall hold Come not before great meÌ„ auoid this day in all thy affaires as most infortunate Venus Dayes of preasure put on new apparrell seeke the Loue of women now they bee tractable aske haue Good to seeke loue of women take a wife women be fond Hire thy seruant dayes of sport put on new apparrell and take a wife Combe thy haire seek the loue of womeÌ„ set thy childreÌ„ to schoole put on new apparel in al let not the ☽ be in Leo Hire seruants take thy iourney proceed in matrimony it is a day of pleasure and content Mercury Beginne Calculations and writings exeâ—cise merchandise let thâ— Ambassador or Messenger proceed Write Letters seeke Officesâ— set children to â—choole accomâ—anying wittmen and Singers Let Ambassadors Messengers or postes proceede iourney excellent to buy or sell Poets be busy make verses exercise thy things witty let thy Children goe to schoole Accompany Penne-men send messengers take a iourney exercise the Mathematickes And you must not that that fortunate planets be Iupiter Venus that infortunate wicked are Saturne and Mars the indifferent be Sol Mercury Luna So that the Coniunction of the good is good of the euill had and of the indifferent indifferent excepting the Sunne and Moone Also the good in Coniunction with that bad is bad the good with the meane is indifferent and the bad with the meane is bad Certaine daies of the yeare be also good or bad according to the place of the Moone in the heauens and those places bee called Mansions as in the Table according to which the temperature and quality of the day is much altered A Table of the Mansions of the Moone for this Age. Man Beginning of euery Mansion Quality The Elections S D M 1 ♈ 27 53 Temperate Iourney take phisicke especially lâ—xatiues 2 ♉ 10 45 Temperate or dry Iourney by water sow plant c. Do not purge or vomit 3 ♉ 23 37 Very moist Make Marchandize buy cattell do not Nauigate 4 ♊ 6 29 Cold moist most cold Plant sow seeedes c. Bad for mariages and voyages
0 4 11 1 8 5 12 2 9 6 0 ☉ ☽ 4 11 1 8 5 12 2 9 6 0 3 10 7 0 ♀ ♄ 5 12 2 9 6 0 3 10 7 0 4 11 1 8 ☿ ♃ 6 0 3 10 7 0 4 11 1 8 5 12 2 9 ☽ ♂ 7 0 4 11 1 8 5 12 2 9 6 0 3 10 ♄ The vse of the Table Seeke the day proposed in the top of the Table and in one of the two rowes vnder the same day finde the planetary houre against which in the first row vpon the left hand is the character of the planet that gouerneth that houre of the day vnder the title of Day Re. signifying Regniments of the day planets and vpon the right hand is the planet that ruleth that houre of the night vnder Night Regniment as vpon Sunday Mercury ruleth the third houre of the day and Sol the same houre of the night CHAP. XXVI Of the natures and properties of the seuen Planets SOmething I would say that when you haue found what planet reigneth you might likewise know the nature and condition thereof but I must bee briefe for indéed heere is no place in this small volume to handle the same in such ample manner as it ought to be Saturne being well affected is graue with authority thinking of déepe matters disputing of grauity alouer of secret matters silent solitary laborious doing labour and toyle a gatherer of wealth couetous desirous of money and studious for his owne proper benefite a Zelotype bearing care of his body vncertaine in kéeping promise a louer of husbandry and being made infortunate and weake he is an abiect squalid excogitating of base things a pick thanke and complainer fearefull auoiding light louing solitarinesse sad enuious stubborne suspitious superstitious vntrimmed malignant deceiptfull yet fearing deceipt couetous austere slothfull dull and a lyar His nature is cold and dry and is charactred thus ♄ Iupiter being the onely signifier and well affected maketh men honest religious iust doers of good turnes magnanimous faithfull verecundious beneuolent manly famous gouernours of great diligence graue and modest giuen to follow their businesse wise carefull to liue louers of their owne and of their friends liverall and without fraud But being euilly affected is more prodigall and proud His nature is hot moist thus figured ♃ Mars well affected is generous fit for gouernment and rule valiant strong angry giuen to battell and warre with vehemence apt without fraud fearing no danger desiring reuenge impatiént of seruitude and iniuries vaunting not respectiue of riches and being euilly affected is cruell vniust a brawler a tyrant a murtherer dreadfull rash vnfearefull proud drunke turbulent a blond-shedder fierce in prouoking quarrels and fearefull to performe the author of discords arrogancy and seditious He is hot and dry thus charactred ♂ Sol is the most noble Planet hee is magnanimous industrious prouident ambitious signifying Kings Princes Potentates labourers of gold he is valiant secret honest quiet giueth long life and a healthfull body a sincere and very good minde princely dignities and riches and aboue the rest he maketh men curteous famous wise rulers louers desirous of honours His Nature is hot and dry cholericke and is thus charactred ☉ Venus fortunatly affected maketh one faire-spoken good a louer of swéet things pleasant merry faire delicate in gesture elegant a doer of good-turnes pittifull giuen to please and apt to pleasures giuen to singing and dauncing impatient of labour gallant and yéelding loue to such sociable yet seruing God religiously But being euilly affected she is effeminate fearefull a louer of maids spending much vpon them without respect of fame or infamy idle sluggish apt to lust a Zelotype or giuen to iealousie Her nature is cold and moist flegmaticke thus charactred ♀ Mercury well scituate and fortunate affected causeth a sharpe wit maketh one studious capable of learning easie to be taught wise subtill wary and héedfull accomplishing all things with great dexterity obtaining a great part of Poëtry Geometry and the Mathematickes without tutor desiring many differences and disputing elegantly of many matters of good manners wittily applying himselfe to time and place an imitator of the good But being infortunate and badly scituate hee is maleuolent malicious subtile crafty forsworne lying especially his essentiall dignities being of the bad and he néere the Dragons taile for then he is most ill The Moone maketh one thoughtfull vnstable vagabonds fearefull faint-hearted prodigall she signifieth messengers shipmen Quéenes Ladies also common people fishers and such that deale about waters also such that are in continuall motion as Lackies c. Also Widowes mothers c. she maketh one delighting to study histories to walke from place to place to Nauigate plant c. CHAP. XXVII A briefe discourse of the naturall causes of watery Meteors as snow haile raine c. YOu must first vnderstand that all watery meteors as raine snow or such like is but a moist vapour drawne vp by the vertue of the Sun and the rest of the Planets into the middle region of the aire where being congealed or dissolued falleth vpon the earth as haile or raine Of the Raine-bow Pliny saith the Rain-bow is made by the Sun-beames striking vpon a hollow cloud when their edge is repelled and beaten backe against the Sun and thus ariseth variety of colours by the mixture of cloudes aire and fiery light together But as he saith it pretendeth neither faire nor fowle wether Of Raine Of these kinde of meteors you may read Arist libro primo Meteorologicorum cap. 1. 2. But briefly Raine is a cold vapour and earthly humour raised from the earth and waters into the middle region of the aire where by the extremity of cold it is thickned into the body of a cloud and after being dissolued falleth vpon the earth Of Haile Haile is ingendred of Raine congealed into Ice fréezing the drops presently after the dissoluing of the cloud whereby wee haue great irregular stones fall on the earth I haue séene them in that fashion 1610 containe 4 inches about for the higher it commeth and the longer it tarieth in the aire the rounder it is and the lesser Of Snow Snow is of the same humour that Haile is but not growne together so hard Pliny saith Haile sooner melts then Snow and that Haile commeth oftner in the day then in the night Of Frost and Dew When in the day time through the faint heate of the Sun there is a cold and moist vapour drawne vp a little from the earth presently at night it descendeth againe vpon the the earth and is called Dew and in the Spring or Haruest it is a signe of faire weather but if by meanes of cold it be congealed it is called Frost therefore Dewes come not so often in hote seasons neither when winds be vp but after a calme and cleare night frosts dry vp wet and moisture For when as Pliny saith the Ice is melted the like quantity of water in
before and then resort vnto your Kalender finding the Moneth and the Prime in the head of the Table for that moneth Now descending downe the Columne which is vnder your Prime vntil you come against the day of the moneth there shall you finde against the said day of the moueth the true signe that the Moone is in that day Example 1612 the Prime is 17 I desire to know what signe the Moone is in the 7 day of May I therefore descend the Columne vnder 17 vntill I come against the 7 day which stands vpon the left hand the Table there I finde â™ I conclude the Moone is then in Sagittarius then the 8 day in ♑ Capricorne but the Computation and the rest of the bookes say the 8 day in Sagittarius which is false Lastly ouer each of my Tables for the Moone is placed the nature of the signe she is in To know what signe the Sunne is in The Degree and Signe that the Sunne is in stands in the last columne in the former Table for the place of the Moone vpon the right hand against the day of the moneth and vnder this Title ☉ place CHAP. XXXV Of the Eclipses of the Sunne and Moone and to know when they shall happen and the quantity of obscuration THe Eclipse of the Sunne is nothing else but the conueying of the Moone which is a darke body betwixt our sight and the Sunne insomuch that the Sunne looseth no light but onely wee are depriued of the same in respect of the interposition of the Moone and this neuer happeneth but when the Sunne and Moone be in a visible coniunction for you haue your meane true and visible coniunction the which true and visible coniunction alwaies happen together when the Sunne and Moone haue no paralax which is when they bee in coniunction in the 90 degrée sâ—â— that the further the true coniunction is from the 90 degrée the greater is the difference of these two coniunctions so that you can haue no eclipse of the Sunne but when the visible coniunction is néere the Nodes Now all eclipses of the Sunne beeither totall without duration which happeneth when the Moone hath no apparent latitude at the time of the visible coniunction or partiall which duration may happen thrée manner of waies First when the diameter is only darkened as when the apparent latitude of the Moone is equal to her apparent semidiameter Secondly when there is more then his semidiameter darkened as when the Moones apparent latitude is lesse then her apparent semidiameter And lastly when there is lesse then the Sunnes diameter darkened as when the apparent latitude of the Moone is greater then her apparent semidiameter and you shall know if the apparent latitude of the Moone excéede 34 minutes 51 seconds the Sunne cannot be any thing eclipsed and the greatest eclipse the Sunne can suffer is when he is in the Auge of his Eccentricke and in his greatest eccentricity and the Moone in her opposite Auge whereby such places that bee sytuate within the compasse of the Moones shadow may loose the whele light of the Sunne the diameter whereof doth containe 280 of our English miles or thereabouts Further it may so fall out that you shall see the whole body of the Moone within the compasse of the Sunne the Sunne séeming to loose his light in the very middest and about the same will appeare a narrow shining circle of thrée quarters of an inch in bredth which happeneth when the Moone is in her Auge and the Sunne in his least eccentricity and in oppost Auge but this discourse is not fit for this volume therefore to the matter To finde the Eclipse of the Sunne You must know that the body of the Sunne is supposed to be diuided into 12 Digits and that hée is neuer eclipsed but at the new Moone therefore finde the new Moone as you bee taught before then in the row vpon your left hand vnder the title Digits ☉ sée if there stand any figure against the same for then may you conclude the Sunne to be Eclipsed the same houre that the new Moone happens and that there be so many parts of his body darkened as the figures vuder Digits ☉ expresse Example 1612. In May I finde the new Moone to happen the 20 day at 5 of the clocke and 43 min. before Noone then against the same vnder Digits ☉ stands 8 12 therefore I conclude that the Sun shall be eclipsâ—â— at that houre 8 parts and a halfe and if there â—ad stood such a marke as this â— he had bene eclipsed though not visible in our Horizon After the same order may you finde what eâ—â—ipses happen any day of any moneth for any yeare to come or thus séeke vnder the title of Digits ☉ what figures stand there and what Primes answere thereunto then finde the said Primes in the little Table before and ouer the head thereof is the yeare of our Lord God Of the Eclypses of the Moone To speake properly of an Eclypse it is an obscuration of light in the Sunne and a defection of the Moone for the Moone is a darke and grosse body hauing no light but such that thee receineth of the Sunne whereby she is neuer eclipsed but at such time that the earth is betwixt the Sun her which chanceth thee béeing at the full diametricall opposite to the Sunne and some what néere to the head or taile of the Dragon But these Eclipses of the Moone for diuers causes be not alwaies after one manner as first by reason of her vnequall latitude which sometime is nothing at all whereby the eclipse is greater in magnitude and longer in duration Another time her latitude is so great that thee falleth but a little within the shadow of the earth loosing but a little light sometime she commeth not in the shadow of the earth and then is not eclipsed for it is generall that when the Moones latitude at a true Opposition is lesser then the semidiameter of the shadow and the Moones body both being set together that the Moone will be eclipsed and the more those semidiameters exceed the latitude the greater is the Eclipse Againe these Eclipses differ in respect of the vnequall thicknesse of the shadow of the earth for the body of the Sunne as is said is greater then the body of the Earth and therefore the shadow cannot be Cylindricall or Calathoidall but onely Conicall rising beyond the earth and ending in a point but for all these and many other causes of the variety of lunar Eclipses yet we may reduce them for breuities sake into two principall heads as Totall and Partile the Totall is two-sold as either without continuance of time loofing all her light but for an instant because the semidiameter of the earth is as great as the Moones latitude and her semidiameter or totall with continuance loosing all her light for a certaine space because the semidiameter of the shadow of the earth
of Grocery all phisicall drugges all grosse wares as Rosin wax pitch tarre tallow hempe flax c. and all Iron stéele lead tinne copper alome copporas c. and though the pound of this weight be greater then the pound Troy yet is the ounce lesse because the pound Troy hath but 12 ounces and the pound Auerdupois 16 ounces as in the Table ensuing you must note that the Auerdupois pound is diuided into Graines Scruples Dragmes and so to ounces euery one hauing a proper Character to expresse the same as is set after the Table Graines 7680 3840 1920 480 240 120 60 30 15 â—0 1â— 5 Scruples 384 192 96 24 12 6 â— 11 ◠¾ 7 7 2 7 4 Dragms 128 64 32 8 4 2 7 ½ ¼  Ounces 16 8 4 1 7 2 ¼  Pounds 1 ½ ¼  Graines gr Scruples ℈ Dragmes Ê’ Ounces â„¥ Pounds £ How Ale and Beere is measured These two sorts of Liquor are measured by Pints Quarts Pottles Gallons Firkins Kilderkins or halfe barrels barrels as in the insuing table these such like be concane measures  Beere Measures Ale Measures Pints 288 144 72 8 4 2 256 128 64 8 4 2 Quarts 144 72 36 4 2 1 128 64 22 4 2 1 Pottles 72 36 18 2 1  64 32 1â— 2 1  Gallons 36 18 9 1  32 16 8 1  Firkins 4 2 1  4 2 1  Kilderkin 2 1  2 1  Barrels 1  1  How Wine Oyle and Hony is measured One Gallon of Wine containes 8 pound of Troy weight whereby are measured the vessels in the insuing Table Pint. 2110 1008 67â— 504 336 252 128 8 4 2 Quart 1008 504 336 252 168 126 64 4 2 1 Pottle 504 252 168 126 84 63 36 2 1  Gallon 152 126 84 63 42 31½ 18 1  Rundlet 14 7 4 â…” 3 ½ 2 â…“ 1 ¾ 1  Barrels 8 4 2 â…” 2 1 â…“ 1  Tierce of a pipe 6 3 2 1 ½ 1  Hogshead 4 2 1 â…“ 1  Punchion 3 1 ½ 1  Pipe or But. 2 1  Tunne 1  Measures of Graine All kinde of graine is measured by Troy weight of which 8 pounds make a gallon whereof are made Pints Quarts Pottles Gallons Pecks Haise-bushels Bushels Strikes or halfe coombs Cornoockes Coombes or halfe Quarters Quarters or Seames Lasts whose quantity behold in the insuing Table Pintes 5120 2560 512 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Quarts 2560 1280 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1  Pottles 1280 640 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1  Gallons 640 320 64 32 16 8 4 2 1  Peckes 320 160 32 16 8 4 2 1  Half-bushels 160 80 16 8 4 2 1  Bushels 80 40 8 4 2 1  Strikes 40 20 4 2 1  Cornoockes 20 10 2 1  Quarters 10 5 1  Last 1  And know that the Barrell and halfe barrell of Herrings and likewise of Butter and Sope are the same measure vsed for Ale Herring are counted by the hundreds thousands and Lasts a Last being 10000. euery thousand being 1200 which is 12000 Herrings in the Last at 120 the hundred Of Iron and Lead Iron is counted by the Pound hundred and Tun and Lead by the pound hundred and fodder Iron Pound 2240 112 Hundred 2 1 Tunne 1  Lead Pound 2184 122 Hundred 19 ½ 1 Fodder 1  Tinne Copper and Lattine haue 112 pounds to the hundred Of Fuell All fuell is sised by the statute of which there be Shids Billets Fagots and Coles all Shids must be foure foot long beside the carfe and vpon them is 1.2.3.4 or 5 markes or notches and then they must be in compasse about the midst 16.23.28 33 or 38 inches according as it hath number of markes All Billets should be three foot long and there be three kinds thereof as the Single a Cast and a Cast of two the first being 7½ ynches about the next 10 and the last 14 inches compasse Fagots should be three foot long and the band beside the knot 24 ynches made round for your flat Fagots be much lesse though they be all one compasse about The Sacke of Coles is 4 bushels How things be Numbred Furres Sables Martins Minkes Ienits Filches Grayes haue foure skins in the Timber Coney Kid Lambe Budge Cat c. haue fiue score in the hundred The skins of Goats are numbered by the kippe which is 50 and Calues by the dozen 12 I means being tanned There is also in Lether hides Dickers Lasts the Last is 20 Dickers or 200 hides a Dicker is 10 hides Of Fish Ling Cod or Haberdine hath 124 to the hundred Stock-fish 120 to the hundred so hath Herring A Last of Barrell-fish is twelue Ale Barrels Of Paper and Parchment A Bale of paper is 10 Reame or 200 quires a Reame is 20 quires or 500 sheetes a quire is 25 sheetes A Rowle of parchment is 5 dozen or 60 skins a dozen is 12 skins Of Wooll A Last of wooll is 4368 pounds or 12 sackes a sacke is 364 pounds or 2 weyes a wey is 182 pound or 6 Toddes and a halfe a Todde is 28 pounds or two stone a stone is 14 pound and a cleaue is halfe a stone so that a Last hath 312 stones and 156 Toddes and a Sacke hath 26 stones CHAP. XLIIII Measure in Longitude and of the length and the bredth and compasse of England Ireland and the adiacent Islands THrée barley cornes make an ynch 12 ynches a foote 3 foote a yard 5 yards and a halfe a pearch 40 pearches in length and 4 in bredth an Acre 4 in bredth and 10 in length a rood or quarter of an Acre so that an Acre hath 43560 square feet 4840 square yards and 160 square pearches Also an English mile is 8 Furlong 88 scores 320 pearches 1056 paces 1408 Elles 1760 yards 5280 feet 63360 ynches 190080 Barley cornes as you may see more largs in my Geodeticall Staffe Lib. 2. The compasse of the earth is 360 degrées or 21600 Italian miles or 5400 common Germane miles or 4320 miles of Sueuia whose diameter is 6872 8 11 Italian 1728 2 11 Germane or 1397 6 11 miles of Sueuia The compasse of the Heauens is 1017562500 miles and so much doth the Sun go in 24 houres according to the motion of the first Mouer and in his meane motion in the Zodiaque hee goeth euery day 2826562 ½ miles so that his peragration in respect of his compassing the heauens euery naturall day is 306392500000 miles in the whole yeare Measures of England and the adiacent Islands The compasse of England is 1532 miles The greatest length thereof Northwards and Soothwards is from Barwicke to the Lands end which not crossing the sea is 386 miles The shortest length from Barwicke to Calshot Castle in South-hampton shire is 286 miles The brodest place of England from the Lands end to Sandwich is 279 miles From S. Dauids