vs sooner by one houre a halfe then with them and is daye with them after the Sonne is set with vs in like sort one houre xxx minutes Philo. And all this cometh because th' Earth is round causing vs them not to haue one generall Horizont The like reason is to be said of the diuersities of times in the beginning of an Eclipse either of Sonne or Mone As for exāple th' Eclipse of the Mone which was 1556. the 17. day of Nouēber at one of the clocke in the morning with vs at Norwiche for the moste parte of Englande which in the Horizont of Calicut began at vij of the clock In like sort ther shall happē an Eclipse of the Mone in the yeare of Christ our sauior 1562. the 16. daye of Iuly at two of the clocke iiij minutes in the morning at which time she shal be totallie darkened continew from the beginning to th' ende iij. houres and yet th'inhabitauntes at Calicut shall not see anye parte therof whiche moste euidently sheweth the roundnes of th' Earth to be the cause as this Figure here folowing do more plainely set out in which E. signifieth th' Earth A. the East C. the West D. the verticall pointe for Norwich B. in like maner the Zenit of Calicut Wherby it is manifest that the Mone shal be perfitly seperated from the Sonne or she shall appeare in the Horizōt of Calicut And yet we in England diuers other places East shall se bothe beginning ende of her Eclypsing Spoud These are sufficiēt probatiōs to declare th' Earth roūd frō th' East to the West but by what argument can you shewe it to be also rounde from the South to the North Philo. That is very easie to proue For if th' Earth were flat from the South to the North then we should se the south Sterres vnder th' Earth as well as those that be North alway in our sight And againe the Sonne Mone Sterres at midde day through the vniuersal yere should be euer in one height which also is false Spoud Yea for I haue had practise of that thinge saylinge in à shippe for we goynge from th'Equinoctiall Line northwarde did see the North south Poles equall with the Water But directing our course more to the north coast leauing th'Equinoctial we reared the north starre in short space xij degr at lēgth 30. deg loking south we could not se the southe Pole nor yet many other sterres which in th'Equinoctial were visible to vs. Phi. Yea wher your north starre was eleuated xxx degrees your south Pole was xxx degrees depressed in like maner But for the firmer fixynge it in your memory behould this Figure in the which C. signifieth both th' Earth and water A. the north Pole B. the south therefore if one go from B. to A the earth being roūd he must haue B. so muche vnder him as A is aboue his Horizōt There are besides these many sūdry reasons to proue this thing which I may omit as I suppose to you which nede no lenger probatiō in that whiche is most manifest Spo. Yet theis argumēts shall not onely stay my mind in à trueth but also with the same I shal cō fute th'errors of other if any shal spring about this matter Phil. Then I wyll exhort you wher these shall not seme sufficient you will gather more stronger out of Ptolomaeus Almegiste Cleomedes de mundo Philo de mundo Aristotle Erasmus Reignholt Orontius Hic canet errantē Lunam Solisque labores Arcturūque pluuiasque hyad gēinosque triōes Iohn de Sacrobosco oure countreyman master Recorde which doeth almost repete all their argumentes in the Castell of knowledge And nowe behold the Type of the world conteinyng in it as well the heauenly Regiō with suche Spheres Circles as haue bene in sundry partes before set forth in this treatise as also th'Elementarie region comprehendyng the Fier Aëre Water Earth in suche order forme as is cōsonant agreyng both with Reason Practise and Authoritie of most approued authors And for this time we will depart for beholde the Sonne is gone to rest Hesperus do shewe in the West verie brighte all other liuynge thinges also do apply them to take rest therfore let vs go downe this Hill into the Citie refreshyng our selues quickening memorie to morow I wil mete you in this same place agayne Spoud I thanke you hertly Philoni Let me here you can repete the summe of such thinges as we haue taken in hande this day as we walke downeward Spoud With à right good wyll 1 Firste you shewed me what Cosmographie was what Geographie and what Chorographie yea and wherein euery of them differeth from other 2 Next what the world was with his partes that is to saye the Heauenly Region Elementary with à briefe Discourse touchinge the Partes and order of the Heauenly Region 3 Thyrdly what a Sphere is howe it is deuided into a Right and Croked Sphere And howe it differeth from a Cirle 4 Forthly what a Center was what an Axe tree what a Diameter and of theyr difference 5 Fiftlye of the Principall Circles whiche are saide to be in this Sphere As the Horizont Meridian Aequinoctiall Zodiake two Colures the two Tropickes the Circles Arcticke and Antarctick Also that the Horizont and Meridian Circles be stable and without motiō with diuers other thinges herto belonging 6 Last you proceded to the second part of the world which is th' Elementarie Region In which you refuted sundry opinions touching the forme of th' Earth Philo. Nowe I perceiue bothe your apte nature in conceiuing such thinges as are spoken also your firme memory in reteining the same Wherefore you shall encourage me to geue you further instructions But for this time I must bid you fare well Spou. God preserue you graunt you life to accomplishe your desire in profiting your countrey as you do entende Amen THE SECONDE BOOKE OF the Cosmographicall Glasse in which is plainly expressed the Order and Number of Zones Paralleles and Climates Also sundry waies for th'exacte findyng out of the Meridiane Line The Longitude Latitude of places with many other preceptes belongyng to the making of a Carte or Mappe Spoudaeus MORPHEVS THE God of dreames with his slepie rodde so much this last night frequented my companie that my bodye taking rest my mind was much more busilie traueling in such conclusions as I had learnid of Philonicus thē it was in the time of his teaching For some time Morphêus shewed me the Sonne in the tropicke of Capricorne farre in the South among the cloudye skies as he comenly is the. 13. day of December And next he appered in th' Equinoctiall pointes as it is the tenth daye of March and the. 14. of Septēb willing me with great di ligēs to note that parallele circle Shortly after the sōne appeared in the tropicke of
subita percussa expalluit vmbra VVhan as the mone vnto the world her brother Titan bright In forme wold represent shining with face both full and round She sodenly was sore wounded and ther with left her light Titan causing th'earthes shadow her beauty to confound Spou. These verses are short very full of eloquēce Phil. Yea they are also easy to be vndarstand for she neuer resembleth the figure of the sonne whō Poëts call her brother but only whā she is at the ful at which time beinge in th' opposite place to him th'earthe as I saide shadoweth her from oure sightes But let that passe and beholde to serue thy vse in this behalf I haue calculated such Eclipses of the mone as shall happē frō the yeare of oure Lorde 1560. vntill the yere 1605 Applying the time of ther beginning in yeares daies houres minuts vnto the meridiā of Norwich exactly whiche is 22. degrees and. 30. minuts from the Canarian or West fortunate Ilandes 1560. ¶ March. Daye 11 Houre 16 Minute 6 1562. ¶ Iuly Daye 15 Houre 14 Minute 4 1563. ¶ Iuly Daye 5 Houre 7 Minute 34 1565. ¶ Nouember Daye 7 Houre 11 Minute 36 1566 ¶ October Day 28 Houre 2 Minute 44 1567 ¶ October Daye 17 Houre 13 Minute 53 1569 ¶ Marche Day 2 Houre 14 Minute 57 1570 ¶ February Day 20 Houre 5 Minute 20 1570 ¶ August Daye 15 Houre 9 Minute 5 1572 ¶ Iune Day 25 Houre 9 Minute 10 1573. ¶ December Daye 8 Houre 7 Minute 25. 1576. ¶ October Day 7 Houre 9 Minute 12 1577. ¶ Aprill Day 2 Houre 6 Minute 29 1577. ¶ September Daye 26 Houre 10 Minute 37. 1578. ¶ September Daye 16 Houre 12 Minute 24 1580. ¶ Ianuary Daye 31 Houre 8 Minute 36 1581. ¶ Ianuary Daye 19 Houre 8 Minute 38 1581. ¶ Iuly Daye 15 Houre 15 Minute 0 1584 ¶ Nouember Daye 8 Houre 11 Minute 18 1587. ¶ September Daye 6 Houre 8 Minute 54 1588 ¶ Marche Daye 2 Houre 13 Minute 22 1588. ¶ August Day 25 Houre 14 Minute 47 1589 ¶ August Day 15 Houre 6 Minute 8 1590 ¶ December Day 30 Houre 7 Minute 15 1591. ¶ December Day 19 Houre 14 Minute 48 1592 ¶ Iune Day 14 Houre 8 Minute 7 1592 ¶ December Day 8 Houre 6 Minute 31. 1594 ¶ October Day 18 Houre 17 Minute 8 1595 ¶ Aprill Day 13 Houre 14 Minute 15 1596 ¶ Aprill Day 2 Houre 7 Minutes 57 1598 ¶ February Day 10 Houre 16 Minute 31 1598 August Day 6 Houre 5 Minute 28. 1599 ¶ Ianuary Day 30 Houre 16 Minute 30 1601 ¶ Nouembre Day 29 Houre 5 Minutes 9 1602 ¶ May. Day 25 Houre 4 Minute 56 1603 ¶ May. Day 14 Houre 10 Minute 39 1603 ¶ Nouember Day 8 Houre 7 Minute 7 1605. ¶ Marche Day 24 Houre 7 Minute 15 1605. ¶ September Day 16 Houre 14 Minute 49 Whan as thou wilt finde the longitude of any Region Country or Uillage by an Eclipse do in this manner Obserue diligently the perfaite time whan as she beginneth to be eclipsed either by some perfait Dial or clock or els by the heighte of some fixed sterre and if the time of hyr beginninge do agree with that whiche thou shalt find here calculated know certainly that thy Meridian and longitud is all one with Norwich but if they differ do in this order Subtract the lesser time from oute of the greater the differēce turn into degrees mi. of the Equinoctial Thē if the time in the beginning of her obscuration be more then that which I haue heare placed adde this difference in degrees and minuts vnto the lōgitude of Norwiche because the place is East from it and you shall haue the perfait lōgitude But and she begin soner with the to be Eclipsed then is here mētioned subtract the difference aforesaid in digrees minuts from the Longitude of Norwiche because thou arte West from it you shal haue the Longitude desired Spou. Howe shall I torne the houres minutes of the day into digrees minutes of th' Equinoctiall Philo. You must giue to euery houre 15. digrees to euery 4. minu of an houre one digr of th' Equinoctial euery minu of an houre 15. minu of th' Equinoctiall as this Table folowyng shall alway declare And nowe I wyll giue you à twofould example Anno. Christi 1558. the second day of Aprill there was à great Eclipse of the Mone so that she was darkened x. pointes well nere began to come vnder the shadowe of th' Earth at Norwich at x. a clock 37. minutes at night as by taking the height of à fixed sterre called the virgins spike did euidently appeare now willing to note mens obseruations in other places I finde that Leouitius Cyprianus in hys boke of Eclipses apoynteth it to begin at Augusta in Ger many 23. min. after xi a clock at night Then to find the longitude of Augusta frō Norwich I subtract x. houres 37. min. frō xi houres 23 min ther remaine 49 minuts A TABLE SERVING TO THE CONuerting the houres and minutes of the day into digrees and minutes of th' Equinoctiall  Th' ark of th' equinoctiall in   Th' arke of th' Equinoctiall in Hou of the day Digre Mi Second  Mi. of hou Digrees Min. Secō Third 1 15 2 30  1 0 15 2 3 2 30 5 0  2 0 30 5 0 3 45 7 30  3 0 45 7 30 4 60 10 0  4 0 0 10 0 5 75 12 30  5 1 15 12 30 6 90 15 0  6 1 30 15 0 7 105 17 30  7 1 45 17 30 8 120 20 0  8 2 0 20 0 9 135 22 30  9 2 15 22 30 10 150 25 0  10 2 30 25 0 11 165 27 30  15 3 45 37 30 12 180 30 0  20 3 0 50 0 13 195 32 30  25 6 16 12 30 14 201 35 0  30 7 31 15 0 15 225 37 30  35 8 46 27 30 16 240 40 0  40 10 1 49 0 17 255 42 30  45 11 17 1 30 18 270 45 0  50 12 32 5 0 19 285 47 30  55 13 48 2 30 20 300 50 0  60 15 2 30 0 21 315 52 30       22 330 55 0       23 345 57 30       24 361 0 0       with which I enter into this tahle finde answeringe to 46. minutes of time 11. degrees 30. minu of th' equinoctiall because that the beginning of the Eclipse is later at Augusta ▪ then at Norwich it sheweth the situation to be East from it Wherfore I adde the difference of time tourned into degrees vnto 22. degrees 30. minu the longitud of Norwich ther ariseth 34. degrees the longitude of Augusta In like manner 1559. the. xvi day of September at 3. of
the clock 19. min. after dinner the mone shall begin to be darckened at Norwich whiche at Tolet in Spain shall happen at 2. of the clocke 22. minutes The difference in time is 47. minuts I conuert them into degrees minutes of th' equinoctiall as before finde 11. degreet 50. min. And because that the Mone is darkned soner at Tolet then Norwich I subtract this difference frō Norwich finde 10. degrees 40. minutes the longitude of Tolet which is West from Norwich Spo. But this Eclipse of the Mone shall not be sene in the beginning nether ende at Norwiche or Tolet Phi. True it is because the Mone being in the perfit opposition of the sonne can not shew her self aboue our Horizont before the sōne be vnder th' Earth which is not vnto 6. of the clocke Spou. How can you then shew the true time of her beginning at Norwiche or Tolet whan as she is not sene of their inhabitauntes Philo. right perfetlye Conferring the meridian of Norwich or Tolet wyth other places East from them whereas the beginninge shall be plainly of these inhabitants perceiued But in this place it is broughte in onlye for example And althoughe thys waye of finedinge the true longitude be bothe certain and mooste easiest of all other yet it hathe this discomodity because th'eclipses happen rarely and seldom as twise in à yere at the most sumtime but once in .ij. yere Furthermore ther hapeneth sumtime impedimēts that at the time also of her Eclipsing we cannot obserue her beginning or end either because the cloudes are betwixt our sight her so is shadowed or els that she is vnder our Horizont at that presēt season Wherfore P. Apiā practised an other way how to find out th'aforsaid Longitude yea that euery night hour of the same so that the Mone be aboue the Horizont the aire cleare and faire Spou. We are bound to haue him in much estimatiō which by his labours hathe supplied that we did wante but what is his inuention Phil. I will shew you ther are thre thinges required vnto this busines the Astronomers staffe also called Iacobes staffe the makinge of which you shall finde among th' other instrumentes the second is the true place of the Mone in the Zodiake in degrees minutes for the hour you make obseruatiō whiche you may take out of an Ephemerides and the iij. is the longitude of a fixed sterre which you may take out of the Table of fixed sterres in my firste boke These had you muste take your staffe with the Crosse on it and applye the one ende of the Crosse to the Center of the Mone and the other vnto the sterre which thing to do you shall remoue the Crosse vp and downe vntill the endes of the staffe touch both the center of the mone also of the sterre Thys ended the crosse shall shewe you what the distaunce of the Mone starre is in degrees minutes Then take the distaunce in degrees minuts of the Mone fixed sterre which you had before the obseruation And substract these .ij. distances th' one out of th' other the remanet deuide by the portiō that the mone moueth in one hour And that shall shew you the time whan as the Mone was ioyned wyth the starre if the starre be West from her or whan she shall be ioyned with the starre if it be East from the Mone This time being had you shall turne it into degrees minutes of th'equinoctiall as I said in th' other precept afore the table sheweth if the mone be West of the starre do in this manner Marcke whether the difference of the mone starre found by thy obseruation be greater then the difference foūd by the ephemerides the lōgitude of the fixed starre if it be lesser thē subtract the time turned into degrees mi. from the meridian for whiche th'Ephemerides are Calculated because thy place is west from it but and the difference be greater then adde the degrees mi. to the Longitude for which th'Ephemerides ar supputated because thy place is East from it so shalt thou haue the true Longitude desired Moreouer thou must consider if the Mone be East frō the Sterre then thou shalt worke contrary that is to say if the distaūce found by obseruatiō be lesser thē th' other you shall subtract it frō the lōgitud knowē because thi place is west frō it but this differēce be greater then adde it to the fornamed Longitude because thy place is East from th' other so withoute erroure thou shalt haue thine owne desire And this waye also is excellente to correcte the course of the Mone and amend the tables out of which hir mouinges are taken if they do erre at any time Spo. I must neades confesse your words true whā you said how much any thing excelled other in knowledge so much the more it was cōpanion with difficultie For except you geue me an exāple I shall neuer attain the perfait meaning hereof Philon. I will geue you an exāple of that time which I obserued my self to find out the lōgitude of Norwich Anno. 1558. the second day of February at x. a clocke at night I found the place of regulus called also the lions hart in longitude degrees 23. 32. minut in Leo the Mone also at that present in the .xxi. degree .xl. min. of the same signe hir place being calculated for Anwarp which is xxvi degrees xxxvj minutes I subtracte the place of the mone from the longitude of regulus the distance .j. degre .lij. min. that she is West from the sterre Then I take my staffe with one eie closed I moue the crosse vp down vntill th' one end was equall with the Center of the Mone th' other ende with the Starre Then I find by that obseruation the Mone to differ frō regulus j. degree 43. min. This numbre I take from the first difference ther remaineth 9. minutes Thē inquire I out how many min. of time answer vnto 9. min. of the Mones course making the Mone to moue in one hour xxxv minutes find .xvj. minutes of time which turned into degrees of th'equinoctiall make 4. degrees because the Mone is West of the sterre the distance found by the staffe lesse in number therefore I subtracte the. 4. degrees from the longitude of Anwarpe there remaine 22. degrees 36. minutes which differ littel frō the other obseruations Spou. The difference of 6. minutes in Longitude is small or no error whan as 15. minutes of th'equinoctiall make but one minute of time Phil. True it is Spoud By youre exāple the precept semeth more euident I mistruste not but with diligence to make in other places the like obseruation Phi. I will open vnto you an other waye to finde the Longitude of any region in euery place as well daye as night that euery houre most
7 7 53 5 7 42 4 18 6 59 5 1 6 9 5 51 5 16 6 44 4 31 7 29 4 5 7 55 10 7 36 4 24 6 50 5 10 6 0 6 0 5 8 6 52 4 25 7 35 4 4 7 56 15 7 30 4 30 6 42 5 18 5 51 6 9 5 0 7 0 4 9 7 41 4 4 7 56 20 7 24 4 26 6 34 5 26 5 42 6 18 4 51 7 9 4 14 7 46 4 6 7 54 25 7 17 4 43 6 24 5 36 5 34 6 26 4 43 7 17 4 11 7 49 4 9 7 51  Iulius August September October Nouember December Da. of the moÌ„ Sonne rise Sonne go do Sonne rise Sonne go do Sonne rise Sonne go do Sonne rise Sonne go do Sonne rise Sonne go do Sonne rise Sonne go do  H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. 1 4 12 7 48 4 48 7 12 5 39 6 21 6 32 5 28 7 22 4 38 7 53 4 7 5 4 15 7 45 4 55 7 5 5 46 6 14 6 39 5 21 7 28 4 32 7 55 4 5 10 4 20 7 49 5 3 6 57 5 54 6 6 6 47 5 13 7 34 4 26 7 56 4 4 15 4 26 7 34 5 11 6 49 6 4 5 56 6 55 5 5 7 40 4 20 7 55 4 5 20 4 32 7 28 5 18 6 42 6 13 5 47 7 4 4 56 7 45 4 15 7 54 4 6 25 4 38 7 22 5 26 6 34 6 21 5 39 7 12 4 48 7 49 4 11 7 51 4 9 First you shall seke out the Monthe in this table with his day which if it be not there expressed take that whiche is next it And it shall shewe you what time the sonne setteth after seke out th'age of the Mone by th'Epacte or otherwise against that number in this table intituled the time that the mone shineth c. You shal find houres minutes which adde to the going down of the sonne that nomber shall manifestly declare how long she is aboue th'Earthe as for example The. xx daye of Marche 1559. the Mone is xj daies olde against which number in the Table of hyr shining I finde viij houres 48. minutes TheÌ„ do I loke at what tyme the sonne setteth the. xx day of March find it at vi of the clocke xviij minutes These I adde together and the numbre is xv hours vi minutes so that the mone sheweth vnto iii. of the clocke in the morning vi minutes after heare you muste note that before the Full after the chaunge she shineth presently the sonne beinge set But after the Full mone you shall subtract oute of the sonnes rising so many hours minuts as you finde in th'age of the mone the remanent shal shew when as she do rise as for example The xxvij day of March the moone is xviij daies old the time of hir shining is x. houres xxiiij minutes the sonne riseth that day at v. of the clock xxx minutes Now subtract the shining of the Mone out of the sonnes rising there remaine vii houres vi minuts the time whan as the Mone shall shew her selfe aboue the Horizont A TABLE SHEVVING HOVVE LONG the Moone shineth in our Horizont Th' age of the Mone The time she shineth Th' age of the Mone The time she shineth  Dayes Hovr Min. Dayes Hour Min.  1 0 48 16 12 0  2 1 36 17 11 12  3 2 24 18 10 24  4 3 12 19 9 36  5 4 0 20 8 48  6 4 48 21 8 0  7 5 36 22 7 12  8 6 24 23 6 24  9 7 12 24 5 36  10 8 0 25 4 48  11 8 48 26 4 0  12 9 36 27 3 12  13 10 24 28 2 24  14 11 12 29 1 36  15 12 0 30 0 48  Spoudaeus There yet remain to set out at what time daily ebbing and flowing shal be in euery cost or you furder proceade for you haue declared the diuision of the seas with the cause of the springe and ebbe tides also of dailye ebbinge and flowinge moreouer the age of the Mone and how long she shineth â–ª wherby I can coniecture the tides aforesaid nowe therfore if you do instructe me wherby I may know the perfect time of Ebbinge and Flowinge then you maye with other thynges at your pleasure proceade Philon. That you may do without any labour or studye if you do but only know what Mone in that coaste make ful seas which thinge this Table folowynge shall leade you vnto in which I haue placed the principall townes on this shore of England of other costes with the Mone that in euerye one of them make full seas FVLL SE AS IN THESE PLACES FOlâ—…wynge by the coste of the Moone as whan she is at London S. VV. Graues ende S. VV. S. Poperelle S. Landes ende S. E. Marget S. S. E. Gulles S. VV Sandwich S. E. S. Douer S. E. S. Rhie S. S. E. Porchmouth S. Portland S. E. Dartmot VV. S. Plumot VV. S. Famot VV. S. Mous bay VV. Scilli VV. S. Milford VV. S. The lands end at Gulf. VV. S. VV And all the coastes vp to bristow yea and the coastes of Irlande froÌ„ VVaterforde vnto HoldheÌ„de of Kinssael w. S. Calys S. S. E. Boleyne S. S. E. Depe S. E. S. New Hauen S. E. S. The coast of Lions S. s. w. Conquit S. w. Al the coast à long till you come to Poell head S. w. From Poell head til you come to the streit of Malgate S. w. Grauelin S. E. Dunkerk S. E. Hoste Ende S. S. w. Blanke Borow S. S. w. Sluse S. s. w. Ramkinse s. s. w. At Anwerpe E. Newporte s. s. w. Harwich s. s. E. Yermouth s. E. All the coast à longe to VVintertone s. E. Humber E. Scarborrow and à longe the coast to Newcastell s. w. Castell s. s. w. Holly Ilande s. s. w. Barwike s. s. w. South HaÌ„pton S. Blacke Deppes S. Redde Bancke S. Tyne Mouth s. w. Hartle Poule w. S. w. Feylene VV. S. Spo. This I vnderstande very well Phi. Then when you will learne the time that it shall be full sea seke out the towne with the coast of the mone After enter into this table hauing th'age of the mone there stay your finger Then seke in the hier or lower part of the Table for suche a coast as you founde writen To the Reader Heare should come into this Page frendly Reader the table of the Mones ebbinge and flowinge but because the space is not sufficient you shall finde it in an open sheet whiche must here to be annexid A PROFIT ABE TABLE FOR FINDINGE OVT EBBES AND FLVDDES IN THE COASTES of Englande Scotlande Irelande Duchelande and Fraunce THE COATSES OF THE MOONE BEFORE the Full after the Chaunge Th' age of the Mone East East
Metamorphos The error of Crates Albetragnius Democritus and Plato The AegiptiaÌ„s found out but 8. heauens Ptolomaeus found out the 9. heauen Alfonsus first founde the. 10 heauen out Theodosius Proclus Euclide Orontius Iohn Halifax Lib. 1. prop. 1. What a ceÌ„ter is Lib. 1. prop. 3. What the axe tree is What a diameter is and how it difereth from thâ—… axe tree aforsayd The spheare is taken two wayes A right sphere The poles of the worlde what thei are An oblique or croked sphere Lib. 1. defi 14. How a sphere and a Circle differ The principall circles in the Sphere of the world are x. in numbre What the Ho rizont is A question Th' answere An obiection Th' aunswere The Horizont deuided into two partes A right Horizont A croked Ho rizont What the Me ridian is * Zenit is that point or prick imagined to be directly ouer our heades is alwaye 90. degrees froÌ„ the East South Weast and North. Lib. 1. prop. 3. Antipodes What th' quinoctiall is Lib. 9. What the zodiack is * This lyne is called the ecliptick becau se in it is the coÌ„tinual course of the SoÌ„ne and that all Eclypses as well of him as of the mone can not be but in this lyne What a signe is What a degre is What a minute is Septemtrional signes Meridionall signes The vse of the zodiack Euery Planet haue two decli nations The diuersitie of the Sonnes declinatioÌ„ froÌ„ Ptolomaeus time vnto our age How to finde out by Instrument the Sonnes DeclinatioÌ„ What the som mer tropick is What the winter Tropick is The foure tymes of the yeare whereof they take beginning What the two coloures are What the are ticke circle is What the An tarctickcircle is Lib. 2. Geor. Li. 2. Theor. â—… Lactantius petulancie Why sum Circles are called greater and some lesser Th' other part of the diuision of the worlde Why ther can be but iiij Ele mentes Lib. 2. de gene ratione Lib. primo de Coelo A generall maior The situation place of th' Elementes Th' Aere deuidid into thre Regions Where Cometes and blasing Sterres are ingendred Where Haile and Snow is ingendred What th'Erth is Diuersitie of opinions touching th'Erth his fourme An obiection against the round fourme of th' Earth These Hilles are the greatest in all the Earch * This is the fa mous Hill of which Poëtes so muche intreate in the top of whiche the Gentils builded an aul ter making to Iuppiter Sacrifice Th'answere to the first obiection Th' earth is a stone The 2. obiectioÌ„ Th'answere In lib. 1. de Mundo Example of ij Eclipses of the Moone Ptolomaeus Cleomedes Philo. Aristotle E. Reignholt Orontius WhaÌ„ the SoÌ„ne is in the Tropick of Capricorne In both Aequi noctiall pointes In the Tropick of Cancer what is taught in this seconde Booke What DimeÌ„tion is What a Point is What a Lyne is What a Plat fourme is What a Body is Lib. 2. cap. 23. Natura hist. Heluetian mi les The quantitie of an Englishe mile Longitude taken two waies Ptolomaeus Hercules Pillers In Prologo li. 2. Geographiae What Latitud is Glarianus errour Howe to finde out the Circuit of th' Earth * The verticall Poynte Zenit or Pole of the Horizont is so much distance from the Equinoctiall how much the Pole is eleuated aboue the HorizoÌ„t And like as the meridian euer do describe the Northe and Southe costes so dothe the verticall Parallele the East and West An example Diuersitie of opinions touching th' earth his circuit What a Zone is Parmenides Possidomus The burning zone Temperate zones FroseÌ„ Zones Polybius error 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 An obiection Lib. 1. Metamorphos The Answer Ptolomaeus Auicenna Vesputius Columbus Erasmus Reignholt Amphiscij Ascij hath two Somers two Winters lib. 9. Libro 9. Lib. 2. cap. 4. Heteroscij Antipodes Lib. 3. Periscij How a Zone a Climate differ Ptolomaeus de uision of Climates What a Parallele is South Climates The quantitie of climates Paralleles South Paralle les Antipodes Auicenna Auicenna defended Aphoris 3. proposi â—… Pardaise where Lira Eratosthenes Polybius Hell where In Agamemnone To finde out the Meridian Line after Glarians maner The seconde way The. iij waye The iiij way The v. way To finde the Noonesteade Line by night GazophilacioÌ„ AstronomicuÌ„ To finde oute th' eleuation of the Pole aboue the Horizont An obseruation Fol. 31. 32. The Sonnes de clinatioÌ„ north The Sonnes de clinatioÌ„ south The third way The. 4. way The Astronomie â–ª Ringe Lib. 1. fol. 6. Atreus found first oute the time of Eclipses Aristotle The cause of the mone Eclipsed Howe to finde the Longitude of Regions by an Eclypse How to turne the houres of the daye into degrees minuces An obseruation of an Eclipse Apians waye to find out the Longitude of places Iacobes staffe Fol. 27. Whan the Mone is West of the Starre What is to be wrought WhaÌ„ the mone is Easte of the Sterre An example Another way The principall part of Cosmographie The noble rewarde of learnyng in times paste Neptunus Aeolus Ceres What an Ilande is Peninsula Isthmus Continent An objection against the te restriall Globe Th'Answere A particuler carde made ij waies The argument of the thirdâ—… booke The maner of making a perticuler Carte for any RegioÌ„ Ptolomaeus ex cused An example Cosmographicall Glasse The making of a Carde conteininge the whole Earthe ♈ ♂ ♉ ♀ ♊ ☿ ♋ ☽ ♌ ☉ ♠☿ ♎ ♀ ♠♂ ♠♃ ♑ ♄ â™’ ♄ ♓ ♃ To make a Carte without knowing LoÌ„gitude Latitude The Geographicall plaine Sphere Th' Angle of sight Th' Angle of sight A perfit Angle To finde the distaunce in miles of diuers places Howe to finde the distaunce of places Time tedious Th' Ocean sea Sinus what it here signifieth Mare mediteâ—… ranium The red Seas Mare Mortuâ—… Mare Cagelasum What Fretum iâ—… What Lacus is What Stagnum is What Palus is The cause of spring ebbe tides Li. 3. de Dieb decret cap. 2. An obiection Th'answere The cause of Ebbyng and flowing How at all tymes to finde th'age of the Moone An example Th'Epacte To know howe loÌ„g the Moone doth shine euery night An example An example How to know th'exacte time of ebbinge and flowyng An example What the winde is Foure Principall windes Marcus Manilius The Horizont parted into 32 partes The number of windes infinite North windes colde South windes hote An obiection Th'Answere Windes temperate vnder th'eqninoctiall A question Th'Answere Vlisses Diomedes Aneas Neptunus Aeolus The compasse vnknowen to th' olde Hydre graphers The praise of the neadle Obseruations of the nedle where it hath erred How to correcte the nedle Fol. 91. 92. 93. 94. Howe to direct a shippe to any Porte How to know in what place they are beyng driuen from theyr course Fol. 77. 78.
liue there The seas whyche are vnder the Poles Arcticke Antarcticke are called the congeled or frosen Seas There are also the English Germaine Spanishe other seas of whiche I neade to make no mention no more then of the notable riuers as the Themes the Rhine Confluence Neccarus Danubie Tyber Nilus c. Because they are manifest vnto suche as trauell in any of them Spoud I read also in diuerse writers these wordes Fretum Lacus Stagnum Palus Fluuius But theyr difference I know not Phil. Fretum is coÌ„trary to that pease of th' Earth that is called Isthmus For like as that is â streight portion of th' Earth hauinge the Seas on bothe sides so Fretum is à narrowe streit arme of the Seas beyng betwixte two shores Lacus we may call it à lake is that which coÌ„tinually hath water Stagnum do differ from it because it conteyneth only water gathered by inundations and raine in the winter season Palus is à water merueilus deape broade Fluius we name it à fludde is called so of flowyng Spoud Your wordes giueth me occation to demaunde the cause of ebbing flowing also whether the time may by any meane be learned Philon. And I will gladly answere you for this is not the least thing that Pilotes Shipmen ought to haue regarde vnto bothe for goyng out also comminge in into any Porte or Hauen other necessarye matters as touchinge the Seas howe that they raise and Eleuate vp them selues as though they would touch the firmament and there with filleth other Armes Hauens and waters and also that they waxe shallowe and as it were emptye againe I can coniecture no other cause then that which the Noble Philosopher Phisitian Gale nus citith in his boke De diebus decretorijs in which he affirmeth that wheÌ„ as the Mone increse in light al moist thinges in like case increase when as her light decrea seth they in like sort decrease Wherby it is euident that spring ebbe tides take their beginning end of the mones course in the Zodiack Galenus words are these 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Omnia siquidem quae facere nata est vbi falcis figuraÌ„ repraesentat languida fiunt inualescunt omnia cum plena fuerit All thinges which are vnder the power of the Moone when as she resembleth the sith in likenes they are feble decrease but al thinges waxe increase when she is at the Full. Spou. Then by these wordes I gather à repugnancie betwixt his authoritie dayly experience for it is more manifest clere theÌ„ midday how that the seas ebbe flow euery natural day that is in 24. houres twise Galenus saith how but twise in à Month the Seas ebbe flow for because she is but once at the full once at the chaunge in this circuit of time Phi. This obiection nothing infringeth Galen his authoritie nor yet experience For in the spring and ebbe tides the seas do encrease decrese meruelously whiche happen but twise euery moÌ„th this is that which Galenment And as for daily ebbing flowinge the seas do not increase or decrease therwith And therfore is properlye called fluxus etrefluxus but th' other Augmentum et Decrementum maris Spo. And what is the cause of this dailye ebbinge and flowinge so orderlye as often sundrye times I haue well noted Phi. The mone also for when as she riseth in th' East the seas begin to increase more more vntill she commeth to the Meridian Circle is full Southe then causeth full Sea And so as she declineth from the South so the sea decrease vntill she go downe in the Weast Ocean at whiche time againe the Seas begin to increase vntill the Moone be in the foresaide Meridian Line vnder th' earth then she is full North making also full seas So they decrease by little little as the Mone aprocheth toward th' East Spou. Then I praye you teache me some briefe waye how I maye at all times finde th'age of the Mone withoute anye tables of her diurnall course or Ephemerides for hauing that I shall easlye finde oute the springe and ebbetides Philon. With à right good will you shall accompt the daies that are past of thy month adde thereto the Epacte And to this number you shall also adde for euerye month past beginning at Marche 1. These 3 numbers you shall adde together and that shall shew you the age of the Mone As for example 1559 the 24. daye of August I wolde knowe the mones age Firste I adde 24 daies to th'Epact which is 22 the number of them is 46 then from March to August ther are 5. Monthes past therfore I adde to 46. the number of 5. and the hole number is fiftie one from whiche I take thirtie for so must you do if your number be more then xxx vnder sixtie there remaine one twentie which is th'age of the Mone Spoud And what if the number be 30. or 60. what must I then do Philonicus There is no thing to do for that number sheweth the Moone to chaunge that presente daye Spoude And howe may I finde the trewe Epacte for on that is all the difficulte of the worke Philon. That is so easie as I counte it but lost time to make many wordes there in For hauinge th'Epacte for one yeare you shal for the next yeare adde xi so yerelie xi cast awaye xxx as ofte as you can the remnent shal be youre Epacte But because I will not make more wordes in trifles beholde the Table and whan the yeares are expired begin againe at the firste numbre so continew for euer without variation The yere of Christ The gol deÌ„ num Th'Epacte The yere of Christ The gol deÌ„ num Th'Epacte 1560 3 3 1570 13 23 1561 4 14 1570 14 4 1562 5 25 1572 15 5 1563 6 6 1573 16 26 1564 7 17 1574 17 7 1565 8 28 1575 18 18 1566 9 9 1576 19 29 1567 10 20 1577 1 11 1568 11 1 1578 2 22 1569 12 12    Spou. Nowe if I coulde know howe long the Moone doth euery night shine me thinke it should be very pleasaunt comfortable especially beyng on the troublous seas Philoni And to that thinge also you shall easely attaine by the helpe of the Table folowing A TABLE OF THE SONNE RISINGE and going downe throughe the whole yeare Ianuaâ—…us Februarius Martius Aprill Maye Iune Da. of themoÌ„ Sonne rise Sonne go do Sonne rise Sonne go do Sonne rise Sonne go do Sonne rise Sonne go do Sonne rise Sonne go do Sonne rise Sonne go do  H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. H M. 1 7 47 4 13 7 5 4 55 6 16 5 44 5 23 0 37 4 36 7 24 4
by S. East S. E. S. e. by Ea. S. Ea. S. E. by So. S. S. East S. and by Ea. Sou. S. and by we S. S. weast S. we by s S. we s. w. by w. we S. weast we by So.  H. M H. M H M H. M H M H. M H M H. M H M H. M H M H. M H M H. M H M H. M. 1 6 48 7 33 8 18 9 3 9 48 10 33 11 18 12 1 12 48 1 31 2 18 3 3 3 48 4 33 5 18 6 3 2 7 36 8 21 9 6 9 51 10 36 11 21 12 6 12 51 1 36 2 21 3 6 3 51 4 36 5 21 6 6 6 51 3 8 24 9 9 9 54 10 30 11 24 12 9 12 54 1 39 2 24 3 9 3 54 4 39 5 24 6 9 6 54 7 39 4 9 12 9 57 10 42 11 27 12 12 12 57 1 42 2 27 3 12 3 57 4 42 5 27 6 12 6 57 7 42 8 27 5 10 0 10 45 11 30 12 15 1 0 1 45 2 30 3 15 4 0 4 45 5 30 6 15 7 0 7 45 8 30 9 15 6 10 48 11 33 12 18 1 3 1 48 2 33 3 18 4 3 4 48 5 33 6 18 7 3 7 48 8 33 9 18 10 3 7 11 36 12 21 1 6 1 51 2 36 3 21 4 6 4 51 5 36 6 2â—… 7 6 7 51 8 36 9 21 10 6 10 51 8 12 24 1 9 1 54 2 39 3 24 4 9 4 54 5 39 6 24 7 9 7 54 8 39 9 14 10 9 10 54 11 39 9 1 12 1 57 2 42 3 27 4 12 4 57 5 42 6 17 7 12 7 57 8 42 9 27 10 12 10 57 11 42 12 27 10 2 0 2 45 3 30 4 15 5 0 5 45 6 30 7 15 8 0 8 45 9 30 10 15 11 0 11 45 12 30 1 15 11 2 48 3 33 4 18 15 3 5 48 6 13 7 18 8 2 8 48 9 33 10 18 11 3 11 48 12 33 1 18 2 3 12 3 36 4 21 5 6 5 51 6 36 7 21 8 6 8 51 9 36 10 21 11 6 11 51 12 36 1 21 2 6 2 51 13 4 24 5 9 5 54 6 39 7 24 8 9 8 54 9 39 10 24 11 9 11 54 12 39 1 24 2 9 2 54 3 39 14 5 12 5 57 6 42 7 27 8 12 8 57 9 42 10 27 11 12 11 57 12 42 1 27 2 12 2 57 3 42 4 27 15 6 0 6 45 7 30 8 15 9 0 9 45 10 30 11 15 12 0 12 45 1 30 2 15 3 0 3 45 4 30 5 31 16 6 0 6 45 7 30 8 15 9 0 9 45 10 30 11 15 12 0 12 45 1 30 2 15 3 0 3 45 4 30 5 31 17 5 12 5 57 6 42 7 27 8 12 8 57 9 42 10 27 11 12 11 57 12 42 1 27 2 12 2 57 3 42 4 27 18 4 24 5 9 5 54 6 39 7 24 8 9 8 54 9 39 10 24 11 9 11 54 12 39 1 24 2 9 2 54 3 39 19 3 36 4 21 5 6 5 51 6 36 7 21 8 6 8 51 9 36 10 21 11 6 11 51 12 36 1 27 2 6 2 51 20 2 48 3 33 4 18 5 3 5 48 6 13 7 18 8 2 8 48 9 33 10 18 11 3 11 48 12 33 1 18 2 3 21 2 0 2 45 3 30 4 15 5 0 5 45 6 30 7 15 8 0 8 45 9 30 10 15 11 0 11 45 12 30 1 15 22 1 12 1 57 2 42 3 27 4 12 4 57 5 42 6 27 7 12 7 57 8 42 9 27 10 12 10 57 11 42 12 27 23 12 24 1 9 1 54 2 39 3 24 4 9 4 54 5 39 6 24 7 9 7 54 8 39 9 14 10 9 10 54 11 39 24 11 36 12 21 1 6 1 51 2 36 3 21 4 6 4 51 5 36 6 21 7 6 7 51 8 36 9 21 10 6 10 51 25 10 48 11 53 12 18 1 3 1 48 2 33 3 18 4 3 4 48 5 33 6 18 7 3 7 48 8 33 9 18 10 3 26 10 0 10 45 11 30 12 15 1 0 1 45 2 30 3 15 4 0 4 45 5 30 6 15 7 0 7 45 8 30 9 15 27 9 12 9 57 10 42 11 27 12 12 12 57 1 42 2 27 3 12 3 57 4 42 5 27 6 12 6 57 7 42 8 27 28 8 24 9 9 9 54 10 30 11 24 12 9 12 54 1 39 2 24 3 9 3 54 4 39 5 24 6 9 6 54 7 39 29 7 36 8 21 9 6 9 51 10 36 11 21 12 6 12 51 1 36 2 21 3 6 3 51 4 36 5 21 6 6 6 51 30 6 48 7 33 8 18 9 3 9 48 10 33 11 18 12 1 12 48 1 31 2 18 3 3 3 48 4 33 5 18 6 3  vvest w. and by N. w. N. weast N. we by we N. w. N. w. by N. N. N weast N. by w. Nor. N. by Ea. N. N. East n. c. by N. N. E. n. c. by ea E. N. East N. and by E. THE COASTES OF THE MOONE from the Full vnto the Chaunge Place this Table before the leafe 153. with your towne and ouer againste th' age of the Mone you shall haue the daye and houre when as in that coste it is full sea As for example I finde at Yermouthe S. E. Wherby I saye that à Southeast Mone make à full sea with them theÌ„ I Imagine the Mone to be xij dais olde therfore in the firste rowe I seke th' age of the Mone in the hier part of the Table find S. E then descending vntill I be directly against th' age of the Mone I find vi hours xxxvi minutes which is the exact time whan as it is full sea at Yermouthe So in like manner you maye worke with any place about this our Ocean sea as in the table goyng before it is euident Spoude This I do right well perceiue Philon. Now order inforseth that we conuert oure talke vnto the windes because of the necessary vse of theÌ„ in Nauigation first you shall vnderstande that the winde is no other thing then à hot dry exhalatioÌ„ ingendred in the bowels of th' Earth which once breaking forth is driuen rounde aboute the face of the same This bothe Homer and th' olde Graecians deuided only into iiij East Weast North South But those that folowed them next after à more exquisite sort deuided the Horizont into viij equall portions Spoud And what names did they deuise for them Philon. I will shewe you they called th' East Subsolanus for that the sunnè riseth there being in th' equinoctiall poyntes The Weast wind also they called Fauonius of norishinge the winde whiche commeth out of the North Septentrio the South winde Auster Then the wind that bloweth betwixt th' east the South named South