18._o robert_n cumin_n and_o 700_o man_n slay_v in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o make_v robert_n cumin_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n who_o with_o 700_o man_n come_v to_o duresm_n and_o use_v the_o people_n of_o that_o place_n and_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n severe_o they_o conspire_v against_o he_o kill_v he_o and_o most_o of_o his_o men._n soon_o after_o they_o kill_v kill_v he_o be_v son_n who_o son_n ibidem_fw-la col._n 205._o a._n 27._o waltheof_n who_o of_o siward_z earl_n of_o northumberland_n by_o elsâ—eda_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o aldred_n also_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n robert_n fitz-richard_n york_n fitz-richard_n ord._n vit_fw-mi 512._o c._n marâ—eswen_n gospatric_n and_o edgar_n athelin_n attempt_n york_n governor_n of_o the_o garrison_n at_o york_n with_o many_o other_o flush_v with_o this_o success_n success_n who_o success_n ord._n vit_fw-mi 513._o d._n edric_n the_o forester_n who_o ordericus_n vitalis_n call_v he_o marius_n sueuâ—â—_n marleswen_n gospatric_n and_o edgar_n attempt_n york_n where_o william_n mallet_n then_o command_v who_o be_v much_o distress_v by_o they_o the_o king_n make_v haste_n to_o relieve_v which_o do_v he_o build_v there_o another_o castle_n or_o fortress_n and_o leave_v the_o command_n of_o it_o to_o william_n fitz-osborn_n and_o return_v to_o winchester_n where_o he_o keep_v easter_n there_o a_o second_o castle_n build_v there_o english_a there_o ibid._n 213._o b._n c._n d._n the_o dane_n assist_v the_o english_a king_n sweyn_n of_o denmark_n much_o solicit_v by_o the_o english_a and_o furnish_v with_o their_o money_n about_o this_o time_n set_v forth_o 240_o sail_n of_o ship_n under_o the_o command_n of_o his_o two_o son_n harold_n and_o cnute_n and_o their_o uncle_n earl_n osbern_n man_v partly_o with_o dane_n partly_o with_o english_a that_o have_v flee_v thither_o which_o rove_v up_o and_o down_o the_o english_a coast_n upon_o which_o they_o make_v many_o descent_n 40._o descent_n s._n dunel_n col._n 198._o n_o 40._o at_o length_n have_v join_v a_o fleet_n provide_v by_o edgar_n edgar_n he_o be_v son_n who_o son_n ibidem_fw-la col._n 205._o a._n 27._o waltheof_n who_o of_o siward_z earl_n of_o northumberland_n by_o elfleda_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o aldred_n also_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n waltheof_n waltheof_n who_o waltheof_n ord._n vit_fw-mi 513._o d._n edric_n the_o forester_n who_o ordericus_n vitalis_n call_v he_o marius_n suevus_n marleswain_n and_o many_o other_o they_o come_v into_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n humber_n where_o they_o receive_v gospatric_n with_o the_o whole_a force_n of_o northumberland_n with_o which_o unite_a strength_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o september_n norman_n and_o join_v with_o the_o northumbrian_n take_v york_n and_o 3000_o norman_n they_o assault_v the_o city_n of_o york_n and_o its_o two_o fortress_n take_v they_o and_o kill_v more_o than_o 3000_o norman_n william_n malet_n the_o then_o vicecomes_a his_o wife_n and_o two_o child_n gilbert_n de_fw-fr gant_n and_o some_o few_o other_o have_v have_v their_o life_n spare_v dane_n spare_v ibid._n col._n 199._o n._n 2._o the_o conqueror_n march_v with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o northumberland_n waste_v it_o and_o buy_v off_o the_o dane_n king_n william_n be_v advertise_v of_o this_o slaughter_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n and_o march_v speedy_o and_o in_o great_a fury_n into_o northumberland_n which_o he_o waste_v all_o winter_n kill_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o commit_v other_o cruelty_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n by_o messenger_n he_o treat_v with_o the_o danish_a earl_n osbern_n and_o promise_v private_o to_o give_v he_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n and_o permit_v he_o to_o take_v provision_n for_o his_o army_n upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n so_o as_o after_o winter_n he_o will_v depart_v without_o fight_v to_o which_o he_o agree_v the_o inhabitant_n the_o ibidem_fw-la n._n 20_o 30._o northumberland_z void_a of_o inhabitant_n nation_n now_o be_v so_o destroy_v by_o the_o norman_n and_o especial_o northumberland_n that_o between_o tweed_n between_o then_o northumberland_n be_v account_v all_o the_o county_n beyond_o humber_n northwards_o as_o far_o as_o tweed_n york_n and_o duresm_n it_o be_v whole_o void_a of_o inhabitant_n and_o lie_v waste_v the_o space_n of_o 60_o mile_n 50._o mile_n ibidem_fw-la n._n 50._o he_o remain_v some_o time_n with_o his_o army_n between_o the_o river_n patrimony_n river_n two_o river_n which_o bind_v the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n north_n and_o south_n the_o land_n between_o they_o be_v ancient_o call_v st._n cuthbert_n patrimony_n tee_n and_o tine_n where_o he_o find_v the_o house_n empty_a the_o inhabitant_n have_v flee_v for_o their_o safety_n unto_o the_o mountain_n and_o into_o wood_n conqueror_n wood_n ord._n vit_fw-mi 515._o b._n c._n d._n gospatric_n and_o earl_n waltheof_n reconcile_v to_o the_o conqueror_n here_o earl_n waltheof_n and_o gospatric_n be_v reconcile_v to_o he_o give_v their_o oath_n of_o fealty_n from_o thence_o he_o return_v to_o york_n and_o have_v establish_v all_o thing_n there_o and_o in_o that_o country_n he_o march_v over_o mountain_n and_o through_o wood_n across_o the_o country_n into_o cheshire_n and_o wales_n to_o correct_v those_o people_n who_o beside_o other_o offence_n commit_v have_v late_o besiege_v shrewsbury_n and_o arrive_v mercia_n arrive_v ibidem_fw-la 516._o a._n he_o quiet_v mercia_n safe_o with_o his_o army_n at_o chester_n he_o quiet_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o mercia_n build_v mercia_n s._n dunel_n 202._o n._n 47._o the_o castle_n at_o chester_n and_o stafford_n build_v and_o and_o he_o be_v call_v by_o the_o norman_n sylvaticus_fw-la and_o sometime_o forester_n for_o his_o live_n in_o and_o frequent_v the_o wood_n for_o his_o security_n 29._o security_n s._n dun._n col._n 197._o n._n 29._o he_o be_v son_n of_o alfric_n who_o be_v brother_n to_o edric_n sireon_n the_o arch-traitor_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n edric_n the_o forester_n be_v reconcile_v to_o he_o which_o do_v he_o raise_v a_o fortress_n there_o and_o another_o in_o his_o return_n at_o stafford_n and_o place_v strong_a garrison_n in_o both_o from_o thence_o he_o march_v to_o salisbury_n where_o large_o reward_v his_o soldier_n for_o this_o expedition_n dismiss_v they_o while_o etc._n while_o s._n dunel_n col._n 200._o n._n 20.30_o col._n 201._o n._n 20_o etc._n etc._n malcolm_n king_n of_o scot_n waste_n teesdale_n cleveland_n etc._n etc._n william_n lie_v between_o tees_n and_o tâ—ne_n edgar_n atheling_n with_o his_o mother_n and_o sister_n and_o many_o other_o take_v ship_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n seat_v river_n the_o river_n upon_o which_o duresm_n be_v seat_v be_v and_o pass_v into_o scotland_n the_o dane_n all_o that_o time_n do_v nothing_o further_a against_o the_o king_n or_o return_v home_o when_o malcom_n king_n of_o scot_n with_o a_o great_a multitude_n pass_v by_o cumberland_n cumberland_n gospatric_n waste_v cumberland_n then_o in_o his_o power_n waste_v and_o plunder_v teesdale_n cleveland_n and_o holderness_n carry_v away_o great_a spoil_n and_o many_o man_n and_o woman_n sister_n woman_n ibidem_fw-la n._n 30_o etc._n etc._n malcolm_n marry_v edgar_n atheling_n sister_n which_o be_v make_v servant_n and_o slave_n to_o the_o scot_n in_o revenge_n of_o these_o ravages_n gospatric_n enter_v cumberland_n and_o make_v the_o like_a destruction_n there_o when_o malcolm_n after_o this_o inroad_n return_v home_o he_o marry_v margaret_n sister_n to_o edgar_n atheling_n anâ—_n atheling_n paris_n in_o vita_fw-la fred._n ab._n fol._n 49._o n._n 10._o see_v the_o answer_n to_o argumâ—ntum_fw-la anâ—_n not_o long_o after_o lanfranc_n be_v make_v archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n the_o stout_a abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n frederic_n practise_v with_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n to_o have_v make_v edgar_n atheling_n king_n and_o notwithstanding_o a_o peace_n make_v with_o william_n yet_o fear_v lest_o he_o or_o his_o archbishop_n shall_v vent_v their_o fury_n upon_o he_o leave_v his_o convent_n and_o go_v private_o into_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n ely_n ely_n s_o dunel_n col._n 203_o 22._o frederic_n abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n with_o many_o bishop_n and_o nobleman_n retire_v into_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n upon_o the_o same_o fear_v edwin_n and_o morchar_n retire_v from_o court_n and_o suspect_v the_o success_n of_o their_o affair_n edwin_n determine_v to_o go_v unto_o malcolme_n king_n of_o scotland_n but_o in_o his_o journey_n thither_o be_v slay_v be_v betray_v by_o his_o own_o follower_n morchar_n betake_v himself_o to_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n where_o he_o meet_v with_o beside_o abbot_n frederic_n agelwin_n bishop_n of_o duresme_fw-fr siward_n call_v barn_n walter_n bishop_n of_o hereford_n and_o many_o other_o great_a man_n of_o the_o english_a 186._o english_a dugd._n hist_o of_o draining_n fol._n 186._o who_o send_v for_o time_n for_o ingulph_n hist_o croyl_n 511._o a._n n._n 42._o they_o send_v for_o hereward_n and_o defend_v it_o a_o long_a time_n hereward_n or_o heward_n
salisbury_n that_o favour_v the_o empress_n he_o raise_v all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v and_o upon_o the_o first_o day_n of_o july_n in_o the_o evening_n come_v thither_o and_o set_v fire_n on_o the_o town_n where_o the_o king_n soldier_n lay_v which_o put_v the_o king_n into_o such_o a_o fright_n who_o then_o be_v in_o the_o nunnery_n that_o he_o leave_v his_o plate_n and_o other_o good_n behind_o he_o and_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o dark_a night_n hardly_o escape_v with_o his_o brother_n henry_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n the_o earls_z soldiers_z kill_v many_o of_o the_o king_n and_o take_v many_o among_o they_o ransom_n they_o gervas_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la col._n 359._o lin_v 1._o etc._n etc._n william_n martel_n take_v prisoner_n his_o ransom_n william_n martel_n for_o who_o redemption_n there_o be_v give_v 300_o mark_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o sherborn_n not_o many_o day_n after_o 1144._o after_o ib._n n._n 10._o milo_n earl_n of_o hereford_n die_v an._n do._n 1144._o milo_n earl_n of_o hereford_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a counsellor_n most_o faithful_a friend_n and_o great_a supporter_n of_o the_o empress_n die_v to_o her_o great_a grief_n and_o misfortune_n the_o next_o year_n king_n stephen_n seize_v upon_o geofry_n de_fw-fr magna_fw-la villa_n in_o his_o court_n at_o st._n alban_n and_o keep_v he_o prisoner_n baffle_v prisoner_n ibid._n col._n 360._o n._n 10_o hen._n hunt_n ut_fw-la supr_fw-la n._n 40._o king_n stephen_n seize_v geoffrey_n de_fw-fr magna_fw-la villa_n he_o give_v up_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n his_o castle_n of_o walden_n and_o plessetâ—_n king_n stephen_n besiege_v lincoln_n and_o be_v baffle_v until_o he_o deliver_v up_o to_o the_o king_n the_o tower_n of_o london_n his_o castle_n of_o walden_n and_o plesset_n and_o not_o long_o after_o be_v slay_v first_o have_v give_v the_o king_n much_o trouble_n and_o plunder_v ramsey_n abbey_n after_o this_o the_o king_n again_o besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o lincoln_n where_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n destroy_v eighty_o of_o his_o 50._o his_o ib._n n._n 50._o workman_n and_o engineer_n so_o as_o he_o be_v force_v to_o depart_v have_v do_v nothing_o from_o thence_o he_o gather_v a_o great_a force_n and_o march_v to_o castle_n to_o ibidem_fw-la b._n n._n â—0_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1145._o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n worsted_n at_o faringdon_n king_n stephen_n besiege_v walingford_n castle_n faringdon_n where_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n be_v erect_v a_o strong_a fortress_n or_o castle_n where_o they_o fight_v or_o rather_o skirmish_v and_o much_o blood_n have_v be_v spill_v the_o earl_n be_v force_v from_o his_o enterprise_n from_o thence_o he_o come_v and_o besiege_v walingford_n castle_n against_o which_o when_o he_o see_v he_o be_v not_o likely_a to_o prevail_v by_o force_n or_o art_n he_o build_v a_o castle_n call_v 1147._o call_v ibidem_fw-la n._n 30_o 40._o gervas_n doroâ—_n col_fw-fr 1361._o n._n 10_o 20._o he_o build_v craumerse_n castle_n against_o it_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n make_v his_o peace_n he_o be_v make_v prisoner_n and_o deliver_v lincoln_n castle_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1146_o 1147._o craumersh_n and_o place_v a_o garrison_n to_o keep_v in_o and_o hinder_v the_o excursion_n of_o the_o garrison_n of_o walingford_n hither_o come_v to_o the_o king_n ranulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o make_v his_o peace_n and_o add_v to_o his_o force_n a_o considerable_a strength_n a_o while_n after_o he_o come_v to_o the_o king_n court_n at_o northampton_n where_o he_o be_v take_v and_o keep_v in_o prison_n until_o he_o have_v deliver_v to_o the_o king_n the_o castle_n of_o lincoln_n in_o which_o city_n he_o keep_v a_o most_o splendid_a christmas_n geoffrey_n earl_n of_o anjou_n have_v subdue_v and_o dies_fw-la and_o the_o earl_n of_o anjou_n send_v for_o his_o son_n henry_n robert_n earl_n of_o glouc_a dies_fw-la settle_v normandy_n and_o anjou_n in_o peace_n have_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o see_v his_o son_n henry_n and_o send_v three_o nobleman_n with_o a_o guard_n for_o he_o to_o earl_n robert_n who_o conduct_v he_o safe_o to_o warham_n where_o he_o take_v ship_n and_o afterward_o never_o see_v he_o for_o the_o earl_n fall_v sick_a of_o a_o fever_n at_o gloucester_n of_o which_o he_o die_v on_o the_o first_o of_o november_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o bristol_n in_o the_o monastery_n he_o build_v there_o after_o his_o death_n the_o husband_n the_o ibid._n col._n 1363._o lin_v 1._o the_o empress_n go_v into_o normandy_n to_o her_o husband_n empress_n weary_v out_o with_o these_o commotion_n and_o war_n in_o england_n before_o lent_n pass_v over_o into_o normandy_n choose_v rather_o to_o live_v there_o with_o her_o husband_n in_o peace_n than_o undergo_v so_o many_o trouble_n in_o the_o year_n 1149._o henry_n the_o son_n of_o the_o england_n the_o ibid._n col._n 1366._o n._n 30_o 40._o an._n do._n 1149._o henry_n the_o son_n of_o the_o empress_n come_v into_o england_n empress_n cum_fw-la grandi_fw-la comitatu_fw-la militum_fw-la electorum_fw-la &_o peditum_fw-la rediit_fw-la in_o angliam_fw-la return_v into_o england_n with_o a_o great_a company_n of_o choice_a knight_n or_o horseman_n and_o foot_n and_o stir_v up_o the_o thought_n and_o courage_n of_o many_o against_o king_n stephen_n for_o after_o the_o death_n of_o robert_n and_o milo_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o hereford_n and_o the_o empress_n have_v pass_v the_o sea_n none_o can_v move_v the_o nobleman_n against_o king_n stephen_n but_o the_o true_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n after_o his_o appearance_n in_o england_n he_o take_v with_o he_o ranulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o roger_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o some_o other_o uncle_n he_o be_v knight_v by_o david_n king_n of_o scotland_n his_o great_a uncle_n beside_o those_o he_o bring_v with_o he_o out_o of_o normandy_n and_o go_v to_o david_n king_n of_o scotland_n his_o great_a uncle_n who_o receive_v he_o with_o great_a joy_n and_o honour_n and_o in_o the_o solemnity_n of_o pentecost_n knight_v he_o and_o some_o other_o this_o raise_v carlisle_n raise_v ibidem_fw-la n._n 60._o &_o col._n 1367._o lin_v 1._o david_n king_n of_o scot_n come_v to_o carlisle_n great_a suspicion_n in_o king_n stephen_n and_o his_o son_n eustachius_n for_o when_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n with_o his_o force_n and_o his_o nephew_n with_o the_o another_o the_o so_o call_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o east_n part_n of_o scotland_n the_o two_o king_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n retreat_v one_o from_o another_o western_a baron_n of_o england_n be_v unite_v in_o the_o foresay_a solemnity_n king_n stephen_n come_v to_o york_n with_o a_o great_a army_n lest_o they_o shall_v surprise_v that_o city_n and_o stay_v there_o unto_o the_o end_n of_o august_n but_o both_o the_o king_n one_o at_o carlisle_n the_o other_o at_o york_n be_v afraid_a of_o one_o another_o and_o so_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n they_o retreat_v stephen_n towards_o lincoln_n and_o david_n towards_o scotland_n but_o eustachius_n son_n of_o stephen_n now_o also_o knight_v by_o his_o father_n make_v great_a havoc_n and_o spoil_n upon_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n which_o favour_v henry_n normandy_n henry_n ibid._n col._n 1367._o n._n 30._o an._n do._n 1150._o these_o old_a historian_n begin_v the_o year_n at_o christmas_n henry_n receive_v the_o dukedom_n of_o normandy_n who_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o january_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v sail_v into_o normandy_n and_o with_o his_o father_n good_a like_n receive_v that_o dukedom_n die_v dukedom_n chron._n norm_a f._n 984._o b._n c._n d._n the_o king_n of_o france_n take_v offence_n at_o it_o they_o be_v reconcile_v geoffrey_n earl_n of_o anjou_n henry_n father_n die_v as_o his_o inheritance_n by_o his_o mother_n at_o which_o the_o king_n of_o france_n take_v offence_n raise_v a_o army_n and_o with_o eustachius_n in_o his_o company_n invade_v normandy_n and_o besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o arch_n earl_n geofry_n and_o his_o son_n prepare_v to_o oppose_v he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o burn_v the_o city_n of_o see_v and_o when_o the_o father_n and_o son_n have_v draw_v together_o a_o great_a army_n and_o marshal_v their_o troop_n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o wise_a man_n the_o king_n receive_v the_o homage_n of_o henry_n for_o the_o dukedom_n of_o normandy_n and_o one_o gerrard_n berlas_n lord_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o monstreul_n out_o of_o prison_n and_o so_o rest_v satisfy_v be_v thus_o in_o quiet_a duke_n henry_n intend_v to_o call_v together_o all_o his_o great_a man_n of_o normandy_n on_o the_o fourteen_o day_n of_o september_n at_o lisieux_n to_o treat_v and_o consult_v about_o his_o voyage_n into_o england_n in_o the_o interim_n his_o father_n labour_v under_o a_o great_a fever_n die_v on_o the_o seven_o of_o the_o same_o month_n and_o leave_v he_o lord_n and_o heir_n of_o normandy_n and_o anjou_n within_o less_o than_o half_a a_o year_n
and_o such_o modern_a writer_n as_o have_v since_o follow_v they_o he_o profess_v himself_o the_o champion_n of_o church-liberty_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v make_v himself_o the_o darling_n and_o favourite_n of_o those_o man_n and_o the_o whole_a clergy_n and_o they_o give_v he_o a_o character_n and_o transmit_v his_o memory_n to_o posterity_n according_o though_o real_o he_o be_v the_o great_a hypocrite_n and_o traitor_n that_o have_v be_v hear_v of_o in_o that_o age._n the_o old_a bone_n of_o contention_n the_o feudal_n or_o military_a law_n and_o tenor_n be_v now_o take_v away_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o judge_n without_o contradiction_n possess_v of_o a_o power_n to_o intrepret_v the_o law_n as_o it_o now_o stand_v the_o free_a use_n whereof_o be_v deny_v to_o no_o man_n as_o to_o his_o property_n it_o can_v be_v invade_v for_o in_o any_o controversy_n with_o the_o king_n he_o may_v have_v equal_a justice_n as_o if_o it_o be_v with_o a_o ordinary_a person_n and_o as_o to_o liberty_n no_o man_n can_v suffer_v a_o long_a confinement_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o law_n direct_v for_o some_o very_a heinous_a crime_n by_o time_n and_o the_o concession_n of_o our_o king_n the_o subject_n of_o this_o government_n have_v and_o may_v enjoy_v all_o freedom_n and_o happiness_n that_o sober_a rational_a man_n can_v desire_v and_o such_o as_o be_v no_o where_o to_o be_v find_v but_o in_o this_o island_n and_o the_o dominion_n to_o it_o belong_v nor_o can_v any_o man_n that_o love_v his_o prince_n or_o country_n wish_v for_o any_o other_o than_o the_o present_a constitution_n it_o be_v a_o sad_a return_n of_o ingrateful_a man_n pretend_v to_o purity_n of_o religion_n and_o the_o most_o refine_a christianity_n to_o christian_a prince_n for_o their_o indulgence_n to_o and_o protection_n of_o they_o for_o the_o great_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n grant_v to_o they_o to_o take_v all_o occasion_n and_o opportunity_n to_o requite_v they_o with_o affront_v and_o rudeness_n with_o seditious_a and_o disloyal_a practice_n to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o nation_n and_o also_o shed_v the_o innocent_a blood_n of_o the_o people_n by_o god_n almighty_a commit_v to_o their_o charge_n for_o here_o never_o be_v pact_n between_o king_n and_o people_n nor_o fundamental_a term_n of_o government_n agree_v between_o they_o nor_o indeed_o ever_o be_v there_o or_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o any_o such_o thing_n to_o be_v in_o any_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n matter_n of_o fact_n so_o long_o as_o we_o have_v any_o memorial_n of_o it_o in_o these_o kingdom_n show_v the_o contrary_a and_o i_o shall_v be_v very_o thankful_a to_o any_o man_n and_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o reprove_v i_o that_o can_v produce_v any_o other_o than_o what_o be_v here_o deliver_v from_o author_n of_o the_o same_o credit_n and_o such_o as_o live_v in_o or_o very_o near_o the_o time_n when_o the_o thing_n be_v do_v through_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o history_n i_o have_v not_o labour_v after_o a_o exact_a and_o even_o style_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v expect_v where_o there_o be_v such_o variety_n of_o matter_n and_o where_o man_n be_v confine_v to_o and_o limit_v by_o the_o translation_n of_o other_o man_n language_n there_o be_v nothing_o my_o own_o but_o the_o method_n and_o version_n and_o whether_o the_o last_o be_v faithful_a and_o just_a as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v i_o submit_v myself_o to_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o impartial_a reader_n nor_o have_v i_o make_v any_o reflection_n or_o politic_a observation_n upon_o what_o i_o have_v write_v from_o the_o relation_n of_o other_o which_o some_o be_v so_o much_o in_o love_n with_o as_o they_o esteem_v nothing_o to_o be_v history_n without_o they_o let_v these_o man_n enjoy_v their_o opinion_n it_o may_v be_v other_o will_v think_v that_o they_o serve_v only_o to_o pervert_v and_o disguise_n matter_n of_o fact_n and_o make_v history_n romantic_a and_o that_o such_o as_o can_v understand_v it_o without_o they_o can_v make_v no_o right_a use_n of_o it_o with_o they_o at_o the_o court_n at_o whitehall_n july_n 13_o 1685._o let_v this_o book_n be_v print_v sunderland_n the_o general_a preface_n to_o the_o roman_n original_o all_o europe_n be_v oblige_v for_o the_o civility_n literature_n law_n and_o government_n it_o now_o enjoy_v who_o inhabit_a wheresoever_o they_o conquer_a and_o strengthen_v their_o province_n two_o way_n by_o colony_n and_o garrison_n 6._o l._n lip_n de_fw-fr magnitud_n rom._n imper._n c._n 6._o every_o colony_n be_v a_o image_n and_o representation_n of_o rome_n itself_o with_o like_a holy_a rite_n like_o court_n law_n temple_n and_o place_n of_o public_a commerce_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n govern_v by_o by_o duumviri_fw-la from_o the_o number_n two_o because_o there_o be_v two_o of_o they_o be_v panciroll_n de_fw-fr magistrate_n municipal_a c._n 8._o duumviri_fw-la why_o so_o call_v their_o office_n ibid._n c._n 1._o decurion_n what_o they_o be_v ibid._n c._n 19_o aediles_z what_o they_o be_v rosin_n antiq._n lib._n 7._o c._n 11._o praetor_n what_o they_o be_v ibid._n c._n 43._o provincial_n praetor_n what_o they_o be_v ibid._n c._n 4â—_n quaestor_n what_o they_o be_v after_o the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_a consul_n they_o be_v the_o judge_n and_o chief_a officer_n in_o their_o city_n corporation_n or_o municipal_a town_n unless_o the_o particular_a custom_n of_o any_o place_n be_v otherwise_o their_o camp_n and_o village_n not_o have_v such_o yet_o sometime_o a_o single_a person_n have_v this_o title_n and_o execute_v soley_n the_o office_n of_o both_o sometime_o a_o great_a number_n than_o two_o as_o in_o our_o city_n and_o corporation_n sometime_o a_o major_n sometime_o bailiff_n be_v the_o chief_a magistrate_n duumviri_fw-la in_o stead_n of_o consul_n corporation_n consul_n so_o call_v because_o in_o the_o first_o settle_v of_o colony_n every_o ten_o man_n be_v assign_v and_o choose_v out_o for_o the_o common_a council_n they_o be_v as_o the_o alderman_n twenty_o four_o forty_o eight_o and_o common_a council_n man_n in_o our_o corporation_n decurion_n in_o place_n of_o a_o senate_n beautiful_a senate_n from_o aedes_fw-la so_o name_v because_o at_o first_o they_o have_v the_o care_n of_o sacred_a house_n and_o temple_n and_o afterward_o of_o bargain_n and_o thing_n sell_v that_o there_o may_v be_v no_o cheat_n and_o that_o what_o be_v expose_v to_o sale_n may_v not_o be_v vitiate_a or_o corrupt_v they_o also_o have_v the_o inspection_n of_o way_n street_n rivers_n aqueduct_n sink_n ordinary_a and_o common_a house_n etc._n etc._n that_o all_o of_o they_o may_v be_v keep_v neat_a and_o clean_a and_o in_o excellent_a repair_n that_o so_o the_o whole_a may_v appear_v decorous_a and_o beautiful_a aediles_z and_z other_o municipal_a officer_n beside_o this_o of_o strength_n and_o safety_n there_o be_v other_o reason_n and_o advantage_n after_o rome_n be_v much_o augment_v for_o the_o institution_n of_o colony_n as_o send_v forth_o the_o superfluous_a multitude_n the_o poor_a and_o burdensome_a comunalty_n provide_v reward_n for_o super-annuated_n and_o overworn_a soldier_n the_o teach_n of_o art_n cultivate_v and_o civilise_v the_o barbarous_a people_n when_o the_o roman_n have_v subdue_v all_o italy_n and_o bring_v under_o their_o power_n many_o other_o country_n 98._o not._n imp._n or_o c._n 98._o which_o they_o call_v province_n they_o send_v into_o every_o one_o of_o these_o a_o praetor_n or_o general_n to_o govern_v it_o and_o when_o afterward_o by_o a_o further_a progress_n of_o arm_n their_o dominion_n be_v much_o more_o enlarge_a they_o rule_v the_o great_a province_n by_o consul_n by_o such_o as_o have_v bear_v the_o office_n of_o consul_n proconsul_n the_o lesser_a by_o praetor_n and_o time_n and_o consul_n be_v at_o first_o call_v praetor_n but_o when_o the_o consul_n be_v call_v abroad_o by_o war_n or_o other_o great_a business_n from_o the_o city_n than_o be_v praetor_n first_o erect_v to_o do_v justice_n in_o their_o absence_n he_o be_v the_o guardian_n or_o keeper_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o provincial_a praetor_n such_o as_o here_o mention_v give_v sentence_n according_a to_o law_n he_o be_v a_o judge_n or_o chief_a justice_n and_o in_o urgent_a occasion_n manage_v the_o whole_a affair_n of_o war_n praetor_n be_v various_a and_o their_o office_n also_o various_a according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o time_n emperor_n time_n quaestor_n be_v treasurer_n or_o receiver_n and_o expenditor_n of_o the_o public_a money_n at_o first_o afterward_o they_o have_v other_o power_n as_o the_o hear_v and_o determine_v cause_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o decline_a empire_n be_v as_o chancellor_n to_o the_o emperor_n quaestor_n but_o when_o augustus_n be_v make_v emperor_n he_o change_v the_o form_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n commonwealth_n ibid._n augustus_n change_v the_o form_n of_o the_o
commonwealth_n and_o divide_v the_o province_n between_o himself_o and_o the_o roman_a people_n those_o which_o be_v most_o quiet_a and_o remote_a from_o enemy_n he_o give_v to_o they_o such_o as_o border_v upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o be_v most_o hazardous_a he_o keep_v to_o himself_o lest_o the_o people_n have_v the_o command_n of_o soldier_n and_o arm_n may_v turn_v they_o against_o he_o ibid._n ibid._n their_o magistrate_n he_o call_v proconsul_n although_o they_o have_v never_o be_v consul_n or_o choose_v out_o of_o senator_n that_o have_v bear_v that_o office_n they_o have_v no_o power_n over_o the_o soldier_n nor_o do_v they_o wear_v a_o sword_n or_o soldier_n habit_n those_o which_o he_o send_v into_o the_o province_n call_v legate_n or_o lieutenant_n who_o so_o call_v that_o he_o retain_v himself_o he_o call_v legate_n or_o lieutenant_n although_o they_o have_v be_v consul_n and_o vice-praetor_n that_o be_v have_v bear_v the_o office_n of_o praetor_n contain_v not._n imp._n or_o c._n 98._o city_n how_o many_o a_o province_n contain_v every_o province_n contain_v ten_o or_o eleven_o eleven_o be_v not._n imp._n or_o c._n 98._o city_n and_o chief_a city_n what_o ibid._n c_o 33._o praetorian_a praefect_n what_o he_o be_v they_o be_v such_o place_n as_o have_v court_n for_o hear_v cause_n duumviri_fw-la judge_n or_o magistrate_n execute_v justice_n but_o the_o great_a city_n or_o metropoles_fw-la such_o as_o have_v a_o prâ—tâ—rium_n or_o palace_n a_o gymnasium_n a_o school_n or_o place_n of_o philosophy_n exercise_n a_o theatre_n court_n and_o bath_n city_n at_o least_o and_o they_o be_v various_a according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o time_n in_o the_o begin_n all_o be_v praetor_n because_o govern_v by_o praetor_n but_o after_o the_o conquest_n of_o asia_n and_o achaia_n there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o province_n praetorian_a and_o consular_a which_o be_v govern_v by_o proconsul_n the_o magistrate_n or_o officer_n in_o italy_n be_v praetorian_a and_o consular_a those_o abroad_o be_v propretorian_a and_o proconsular_a ibid._n ibid._n constantin_n the_o great_a change_v this_o constitution_n and_o the_o form_n of_o government_n in_o the_o empire_n prefect_n alâ—iat_fw-la t._n 2_o the_o magistrate_n etc._n etc._n 471._o constantin_n institutes_n 4_o praetorian_a prefect_n and_o institute_v four_o etc._n four_o the_o praetorian_a praefect_n at_o first_o only_o command_v the_o emperor_n immediate_a guard_n and_o from_o these_o those_o constitute_v by_o constantin_n have_v their_o denomination_n and_o have_v the_o great_a trust_n in_o the_o empire_n commit_v to_o they_o by_o succeed_a emperor_n from_o who_o sentence_n there_o be_v no_o appeal_n etc._n etc._n praetorian_a prefect_n one_o of_o the_o east_n another_o of_o illiricum_n a_o three_o of_o italy_n and_o a_o four_o of_o gallia_n these_o have_v their_o vicar_n or_o deputy_n under_o they_o who_o likewise_o have_v the_o command_n over_o several_a precedent_n consular_o and_o other_o magistrate_n according_a to_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o country_n where_o they_o be_v deputy_n or_o vicar_n province_n three_o degree_n of_o province_n there_o be_v three_o degree_n of_o province_n the_o great_a the_o middle_a 98._o not._n imp._n or_o c._n 98._o and_o the_o less_o the_o great_a province_n be_v rule_v by_o the_o great_a magistrate_n or_o spectabiles_fw-la the_o conspicuous_a or_o notable_a who_o how_o rule_v and_o by_o who_o such_o be_v proconsul_n comites_fw-la count_n etc._n etc._n the_o middle_n be_v consular_a province_n not_o that_o they_o be_v govern_v by_o consul_n or_o proconsul_n but_o by_o senator_n send_v with_o consulary_a ornament_n these_o be_v sometime_o govern_v by_o corrector_n which_o be_v inferior_a to_o they_o of_o consular_a dignity_n because_o they_o use_v not_o their_o ornament_n yet_o they_o command_v over_o the_o soldier_n and_o wear_v a_o sword_n and_o military_a habit_n 112._o maxima_fw-la cesariensis_n valentia_n consular_a province_n see_v these_o explain_v in_o the_o note_n upon_o the_o history_n in_o valentinian_n and_o also_o these_o three_o presidial_a province_n britan._n 112._o which_o the_o proconsul_n do_v not_o maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n and_o valentia_n be_v consular_a province_n in_o britain_n and_o govern_v by_o by_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o consul_n before_o constantin_n the_o ordinarii_fw-la and_o suffecti_fw-la who_o the_o roman_n date_v their_o record_n although_o they_o continue_v not_o a_o whole_a year_n in_o that_o office_n consulars_n who_o the_o ordinary_a be_v the_o usual_a annual_a consul_n or_o be_v such_o as_o begin_v their_o consulship_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n or_o on_o the_o first_o of_o january_n whence_o the_o other_o be_v substitute_v consul_n these_o last_o constantin_n call_v consulares_fw-la or_o honorary_a consul_n from_o the_o consulary_a ornament_n they_o have_v which_o be_v institute_v by_o julius_n caesar_n sueton._n in_o julio_n c._n 76._o such_o also_o be_v call_v consulares_fw-la that_o have_v bear_v the_o office_n of_o ordinary_a consul_n but_o these_o be_v not_o of_o that_o number_n consular_o the_o less_o or_o small_a province_n be_v subject_a to_o precedent_n by_o such_o be_v rule_v britannia_fw-la prima_fw-la secunda_fw-la &_o flavia_n caesariensis_n for_o what_o reason_n in_o those_o time_n the_o three_o last_o province_n be_v account_v the_o least_o and_o worst_a and_o the_o two_o former_a the_o great_a and_o better_a i_o know_v not_o camden_n say_v the_o empire_n decline_v those_o province_n have_v only_o consular_a magistrate_n which_o lie_v next_o the_o enemy_n such_o be_v maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n and_o valentia_n in_o britain_n whatsoever_o the_o first_o institution_n be_v of_o these_o dignity_n and_o imperial_a command_n yet_o what_o distinct_a jurisdiction_n and_o power_n belong_v to_o they_o i_o find_v not_o sufficient_o clear_v by_o any_o author_n i_o have_v see_v especial_o since_o the_o time_n of_o constantin_n in_o who_o reign_n the_o aera_fw-la of_o the_o decline_a empire_n be_v right_o fix_v i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v the_o same_o government_n power_n and_o jurisdiction_n or_o very_o little_a different_a may_v be_v use_v and_o exercise_v by_o person_n of_o various_a and_o different_a title_n they_o all_o have_v the_o same_o 6._o see_v alciatâ—_n breviary_n in_o his_o second_o tome_n 482_o 483_o 485._o and_o panciroll_v in_o utramque_fw-la notitiam_fw-la and_o upon_o the_o several_a magistrate_n lib._n 2.64.688_o digest_v lib._n 8_o tit._n 6._o or_o not_o much_o different_a office_n and_o court_n of_o state_n with_o almost_o the_o same_o officer_n attendant_a upon_o they_o yet_o so_o as_o they_o be_v distinguish_v by_o their_o several_a ensign_n habit_n symbol_n and_o other_o discrimination_n of_o mere_a state_n and_o honour_n according_a to_o the_o first_o institution_n this_o conjecture_n want_v not_o some_o authority_n to_o confirm_v it_o zosimus_n report_v that_o the_o vice-pretor_n be_v call_v duke_n and_o virius_n lupus_n propretor_n or_o lieutenant_n be_v call_v precedent_n by_o ulpian_n panciroll_n say_v those_o which_o govern_v small_a province_n by_o special_a appellation_n be_v call_v precedent_n 99_o not._n imp_n or_o c._n 99_o yet_o all_o proconsul_n and_o governors_n of_o province_n be_v contain_v under_o the_o general_n name_n of_o precedent_n and_o they_o agree_v in_o very_a many_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o name_n according_a to_o the_o general_n opinion_n the_o civil_a government_n of_o britain_n after_o the_o time_n of_o constantin_n be_v commit_v to_o a_o vicar_n or_o deputy_n of_o the_o praetorian_a perfect_a of_o gallia_n under_o who_o direction_n or_o disposition_n be_v the_o two_o consular_o 482._o alciat_fw-la tome_n 2d_o 482._o and_o three_o precedent_n before_o mention_v in_o his_o office_n or_o court_n of_o state_n he_o have_v these_o officer_n etc._n the_o officer_n of_o the_o vicarâ—_n court_n ibid._n princeps_fw-la etc._n etc._n principem_fw-la de_fw-la schola_fw-la agentium_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la ex_fw-la ex_fw-la a_o decree_n or_o order_n of_o mâ—n_z in_o this_o body_n so_o call_v from_o the_o ducenarii_fw-la in_o a_o cohort_n which_o command_v two_o hundred_o man_n see_v panciroll_n not._n imp._n or_o c._n 64._o and_o here_o it_o may_v be_v note_v that_o the_o officer_n in_o the_o court_n of_o magistrate_n have_v the_o resemblance_n of_o officer_n in_o military_a cohort_n ducenarii_fw-la ibid._n c._n 20._o ducenarii_fw-la and_o from_o thence_o their_o name_n and_o be_v raiâ—ed_v by_o degree_n to_o honour_n as_o in_o that_o the_o name_n of_o military_a be_v transfer_v to_o civil_a officer_n whence_o the_o magistrate_n office_n have_v the_o name_n of_o cohort_n or_o court_n which_o we_o at_o this_o day_n retain_v ducenariis_fw-la the_o chief_a or_o principal_a of_o this_o court_n who_o give_v direction_n to_o the_o other_o officer_n be_v of_o the_o society_n or_o corporation_n of_o the_o emperor_n emissary_n 64._o panciroll_fw-fr not._n oâ—_n c._n 64._o spy_n and_o pursuivant_n and_o superintendent_o of_o the_o the_o be_v alciat_fw-la tom._n 2._o â—35_n post_v horse_n keep_v at_o the_o
can_v now_o beat_v they_o from_o their_o camp_n hereupon_o a_o great_a number_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n be_v speedy_o assemble_v and_o make_v towards_o the_o roman_n caesar_n suppose_v it_o may_v so_o happen_v as_o in_o former_a time_n that_o the_o britain_n be_v beat_v will_v escape_v his_o foot_n overcome_v the_o britain_n overcome_v and_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n yet_o with_o about_o only_o about_o happy_o for_o ccc_o be_v write_v thirty_o or_o rather_o for_o 300_o 30_o as_o hottoman_n think_v by_o mistake_n see_v it_o be_v strange_a to_o think_v caesar_n will_v join_v battle_n with_o 30_o horse_n only_o 30_o horse_n which_o comius_n of_o arras_n bring_v over_o with_o he_o he_o place_v the_o legion_n in_o battle-array_n before_o the_o camp_n not_o long_o after_o both_o body_n be_v engage_v the_o britain_n give_v back_o and_o flee_v the_o roman_n pursue_v and_o kill_v many_o burn_v and_o waste_v every_o where_n about_o as_o they_o return_v to_o their_o camp_n the_o same_o day_n the_o britain_n send_v ambassador_n desire_v peace_n which_o they_o obtain_v peace_n they_o obtain_v peace_n upon_o condition_n the_o number_n of_o hostage_n before_o impose_v shall_v now_o be_v double_v and_o send_v after_o he_o into_o gallia_n make_v haste_n thither_o because_o the_o autumnal_a equinox_n be_v at_o hand_n suspect_v his_o patch_v and_o crazy_a ship_n may_v not_o well_o endure_v the_o sea_n in_o winter_n wherefore_o take_v the_o first_o opportunity_n they_o sail_v soon_o after_o midnight_n and_o come_v all_o safe_a to_o the_o continent_n caesar_n wintered_a in_o belgia_n with_o all_o his_o legion_n whither_o two_o only_a of_o the_o british_a city_n send_v hostage_n the_o rest_n again_o rest_n this_o be_v his_o pretence_n of_o invade_v britain_n the_o second_o time_n the_o people_n not_o think_v he_o will_v ever_o return_v to_o make_v war_n there_o again_o neglect_v christ_n cajus_n julius_n câ—_n 52_o 53_o year_n before_o christ_n the_o roman_a senate_n upon_o the_o relation_n of_o these_o service_n decree_v he_o a_o a_o a_o thanksgiving_n in_o honour_n of_o he_o what._n supplication_n for_o 20_o day_n what._n to_o their_o god_n for_o 20_o day_n in_o which_o by_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n all_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o god_n be_v open_v whither_o the_o people_n go_v cronwd_v with_o garland_n and_o offer_v sacrifice_n with_o sing_v release_v prisoner_n and_o other_o triumphal_a rite_n etc._n etc._n supplication_n of_o twenty_o day_n caesar_n depart_v from_o his_o army_n in_o their_o winter-quarter_n go_v as_o his_o custom_n be_v every_o people_n every_o to_o observe_v what_o be_v do_v at_o rome_n and_o to_o keep_v up_o his_o interest_n among_o the_o people_n year_n into_o italy_n first_o command_v the_o lieutenant_n of_o every_o legion_n they_o shall_v build_v as_o many_o ship_n as_o they_o can_v and_o repair_v the_o old_a one_o and_o direct_v they_o shall_v be_v make_v low_a than_o those_o they_o use_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a that_o they_o may_v more_o speedy_o be_v lade_v italy_n caes_n com._n lib._n v._o caesar_n go_v into_o italy_n and_o more_o easy_o draw_v on_o shore_n and_o for_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o frequent_a change_n of_o the_o tide_n the_o wave_n be_v less_o here_o then_o in_o their_o sea_n and_o also_o broad_a somewhat_o for_o the_o more_o commodious_a transport_v of_o horse_n and_o other_o cumbersome_a freight_v he_o order_v they_o shall_v be_v nimble_a vessel_n to_o which_o end_n their_o lowness_n much_o conduce_v he_o return_v to_o his_o army_n by_o the_o singular_a industry_n of_o the_o the_o there_o be_v all_o sort_n of_o artificer_n in_o their_o legion_n and_o a_o praefect_n or_o master_n of_o they_o and_o the_o soldier_n themselves_o at_o their_o first_o enter_v into_o service_n be_v teach_v and_o do_v learn_v mechanic_n arts._n where_o portus_n itius_n where_o soldier_n etc._n at_o the_o spring_n he_o return_v find_a 600._o ship_n build_v etc._n etc._n although_o there_o be_v a_o great_a scarcity_n of_o material_n find_v 600_o ship_n and_o 28_o long-boat_n or_o galley_n build_v and_o within_o few_o day_n ready_a to_o be_v launch_v have_v caress_v the_o soldier_n and_o the_o master_n and_o overseer_n of_o this_o work_n he_o show_v they_o what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v and_o command_n there_o shall_v be_v a_o rendezvous_n of_o they_o all_o at_o port._n at_o portus_n itius_n gessoriacus_n and_o boulogne_n cluverius_n affirm_v to_o be_v the_o same_o some_o think_v it_o to_o be_v calais_n other_o a_o small_a village_n call_v withsan_n vissen_n or_o essen_n near_o blaness_n in_o boulonois_n between_o calais_n and_o boulogne_n where_o the_o near_a passage_n be_v into_o england_n or_o as_o other_o a_o kind_n of_o marsh_n between_o those_o town_n where_o yet_o remain_v great_a heap_n of_o earth_n compass_v with_o ditch_n and_o a_o tract_n of_o a_o port._n port_n itius_n from_o whence_o be_v the_o most_o commodious_a passage_n into_o britain_n about_o 30_o mile_n from_o the_o continent_n here_o he_o leave_v a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o soldier_n to_o manage_v this_o affair_n while_o he_o himself_o horse_n in_o which_o he_o transport_v 6_o legion_n of_o foot_n and_o 800._o horse_n with_o six_o legion_n and_o 800_o horse_n march_v into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o the_o people_n of_o old_a belgium_n between_o the_o mosell_n and_o the_o rhine_n who_o chief_a city_n be_v now_o call_v trier_n where_o aedui_n who._n and_o where_o seat_v upon_o the_o mosell_n treviri_n who_o will_v neither_o take_v advice_n from_o or_o be_v command_v by_o he_o but_o hostage_n be_v give_v and_o thing_n settle_v here_o and_o the_o burgundy_n the_o they_o have_v the_o right_a of_o senator_n in_o the_o city_n and_o by_o the_o senate_n be_v call_v brother_n they_o serve_v in_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v free_a and_o have_v the_o same_o privilege_n with_o roman_a soldier_n upon_o caesar_n come_v for_o britain_n dumnorix_n their_o prince_n mutiny_n and_o revolt_v who_o be_v slay_v the_o rest_n return_v to_o obedience_n their_o country_n be_v both_o the_o burgundy_n duchy_n and_o county_n their_o chief_a town_n bibracte_n after_o augustodunum_n now_o aâ—stun_n a_o small_a bishopric_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o burgundy_n aedui_n reduce_v leave_v labienus_n to_o guard_n the_o haven_n and_o supply_v his_o want_n he_o with_o five_o legion_n and_o 2000_o horse_n embark_v and_o about_o sunset_n sail_v with_o a_o gentle_a south-west_n wind_n which_o fail_v about_o midnight_n and_o the_o whole_a fleet_n be_v drive_v by_o the_o current_n when_o it_o be_v light_a they_o can_v discover_v the_o island_n on_o their_o lefthand_n then_o take_v advantage_n of_o the_o tide_n turn_v they_o ply_v their_o oar_n that_o they_o may_v reach_v that_o part_n of_o the_o isle_n where_o they_o have_v land_a the_o summer_n before_o in_o which_o action_n the_o diligence_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v much_o to_o be_v praise_v who_o by_o a_o unwearied_a labour_n in_o row_v cause_v their_o ship_n of_o the_o great_a burden_n to_o keep_v way_n with_o the_o long-boat_n or_o galley_n they_o arrive_v about_o noon_n where_o they_o see_v no_o enemy_n for_o as_o afterward_o caesar_n understand_v by_o the_o captive_n christ_n cajus_n julius_n caesar_n 53_o 54_o year_n before_o christ_n the_o britain_n come_n thither_o in_o great_a number_n arm_v when_o they_o see_v so_o many_o ship_n be_v of_o all_o sort_n with_o their_o victualler_n esteem_v eight_o hundred_o for_o fear_n they_o leave_v the_o shore_n and_o hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o upland_n caesar_n land_v his_o army_n and_o have_v advantageous_o encamp_v it_o so_o soon_o as_o he_o know_v from_o the_o prisoner_n he_o have_v take_v where_o the_o enemy_n be_v leave_v ten_o cohort_n and_o 300_o horse_n under_o the_o command_n of_o q._n atrius_n to_o guard_n his_o ship_n then_o at_o anchor_n after_o the_o morning_n the_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o morning_n three_o watch_n he_o make_v towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o have_v march_v twelve_o mile_n he_o discover_v they_o who_o with_o their_o horse_n and_o chariot_n advance_v towards_o the_o the_o the_o river_n stour_n in_o kent_n the_o place_n chilham_n or_o julham_n that_o be_v julius_z his_o station_n or_o mansion_n a_o small_a town_n upon_o this_o river_n 16._o camb._n brit._n 237._o as_o we_o common_o gilian_n for_o julian_n from_o juliana_n footman_n shield_n double_a one_o broad_a and_o flat_a the_o other_o concave_n like_o a_o half_a tube_n in_o breadth_n 2_o foot_n and_o half_a in_o length_n 4_o foot_n lib_fw-la 49._o f._n 409._o rosin_n lib._n 10._o c._n 16._o between_o canterbury_n and_o wye_n beneath_o this_o town_n be_v a_o green_a hillock_n barrow_n or_o sepulchre_n where_o the_o people_n report_v one_o jul-labe_a be_v bury_v who_o camden_n think_v be_v laberius_n the_o tribune_n here_o slay_v his_o conjecture_n be_v strengthen_v by_o the_o distance_n of_o
on_o all_o side_n they_o assail_v the_o forager_n and_o charge_v up_o to_o the_o very_a legion_n and_o standard_n the_o roman_n by_o a_o stout_a onset_n repel_v they_o and_o the_o horse_n never_o give_v over_o the_o pursuit_n be_v confident_a in_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o legion_n that_o follow_v they_o until_o they_o total_o rout_v they_o and_o have_v kill_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o slay_v the_o britain_n total_o rout_v very_o many_o slay_v they_o give_v they_o neither_o time_n to_o rally_v to_o make_v a_o stand_v or_o to_o leap_v from_o their_o chariot_n forthwith_o upon_o this_o overthrow_n the_o auxiliary_n which_o have_v come_v from_o all_o part_n depart_v neither_o after_o that_o time_n do_v the_o enemy_n appear_v with_o so_o great_a strength_n caesar_n know_v their_o design_n country_n caesar_n march_v towards_o cassibelans_n country_n march_n with_o his_o army_n towards_o the_o frontier_n of_o of_o cassivellannus_n cassibelanus_n or_o rather_o cassibelinus_n prince_n or_o ruler_n of_o the_o cassii_n who._n cassibelan_n who._n some_o remain_v of_o who_o there_o seem_v yet_o to_o be_v caisbo_n hundred_o wherein_o be_v situate_v the_o ruin_n of_o verulam_n cassibelaus_n chief_a town_n belinus_n signify_v common_o in_o this_o island_n a_o chief_a king_n prince_n or_o ruler_n so_o cinobelin_n as_o it_o be_v icenobelin_n prince_n of_o the_o iceni_n 26._o camb._n britan._n 275.292_o annotation_n on_o giral_n cambr._n desc_n of_o wales_n c._n 3._o camb._n brit._n 213._o bede_n eccles_n hist_o cap._n 2._o fol._n 26._o and_o happy_o may_v be_v the_o same_o that_o czar_n cham_n sultan_n tentomarus_n and_o gottiso_n be_v and_o be_v among_o the_o moscovite_n tartar_n turk_n tentones_n and_o goth_n dr._n powel_n say_v further_a that_o hely_n the_o father_n of_o lud_n and_o this_o cassibeline_n be_v call_v magnus_n belinus_n that_o be_v great_a belin._n cassibelan_n upon_o the_o river_n thames_n assign_v thames_n near_a oatland_n in_o surrey_n say_v cambden_n at_o a_o place_n call_v cowaye-stake_n and_o in_o this_o conjecture_n he_o affirm_v he_o can_v not_o be_v mistake_v for_o that_o it_o be_v 80_o mile_n from_o the_o shore_n of_o kent_n as_o caesar_z account_v and_o for_o other_o reason_n there_o assign_v which_o be_v passable_a with_o foot_n in_o one_o place_n only_o and_o that_o with_o difficulty_n when_o he_o come_v thither_o he_o perceive_v great_a force_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o good_a order_n ready_a to_o receive_v he_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n the_o bank_n be_v set_v with_o lead_n with_o bede_n say_v the_o remain_v of_o these_o stake_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o his_o time_n which_o be_v about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n thigh_n and_o plate_v over_o with_o lead_n sharp_a stake_n and_o other_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n covert_o place_v in_o the_o river_n whereof_o caesar_n have_v notice_n from_o prisoner_n and_o fugitive_n send_v his_o horse_n first_o over_o present_o command_v his_o legion_n to_o follow_v who_o wade_v over_o so_o speedy_o and_o resolute_o their_o head_n only_o appear_v above_o water_n and_o both_o horse_n and_o foot_n charge_v the_o enemy_n with_o such_o violence_n that_o they_o forsake_v the_o bank_n and_o flee_v cassibelan_n now_o out_o of_o hope_n to_o contend_v for_o victory_n motion_n cassibelan_n dismiss_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n keep_v only_o 4000_o charioteer_n to_o attend_v caesar_n motion_n dismiss_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o force_n keep_v about_o 4000_o chariot_n to_o attend_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o go_v somewhat_o out_o of_o the_o way_n secure_v himself_o in_o wood_n and_o fastness_n drive_v all_o away_o both_o man_n and_o cattle_n where_o the_o roman_n be_v to_o pass_v who_o horse_n as_o they_o rove_v up_o and_o down_o to_o waste_v and_o plunder_n the_o charioteer_n sally_v out_o of_o the_o wood_n surprise_v and_o cut_v off_o hereupon_o caesar_n command_v they_o not_o to_o depart_v from_o the_o legion_n so_o that_o now_o as_o they_o march_v there_o be_v nothing_o leave_v to_o do_v but_o to_o waste_v empty_a field_n and_o burn_v house_n meanwhile_o the_o essex_n the_o trinobantes_n middlesex_n and_o essex_n trinobantes_n a_o very_a considerable_a people_n among_o the_o britain_n from_o who_o country_n who_o he_o be_v by_o entropius_n bede_n and_o late_a writer_n call_v androgens_n as_o be_v note_v by_o cambden_n but_o why_o he_o know_v not_o unless_o for_o his_o wickedness_n and_o treason_n for_o such_o a_o signification_n be_v plain_o couch_v in_o that_o name_n and_o he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o first_o that_o call_v the_o roman_n into_o britain_n and_o betray_v the_o country_n mandubrace_n go_v to_o caesar_n into_o gallia_n and_o follow_v his_o fortune_n his_o father_n imanuentius_n have_v be_v king_n in_o that_o country_n who_o cassibelan_n have_v slay_v and_o this_o young_a man_n save_v his_o life_n by_o flight_n send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n themselves_o the_o trinobantes_n send_v ambassador_n and_o yield_v themselves_o who_o promise_v to_o yield_v themselves_o and_o be_v at_o his_o command_n desire_v he_o to_o protect_v mandubrace_n and_o to_o commit_v the_o government_n of_o their_o country_n unto_o he_o caesar_n require_v forty_o hostage_n and_o provision_n for_o his_o army_n and_o send_v mandubrace_n unto_o they_o they_o comply_v with_o his_o command_n and_o send_v what_o he_o require_v the_o trinobantes_n be_v protect_v from_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o soldier_n the_o the_o the_o venus_n the_o camb._n 329._o iceni_n who._n cam._n brit._n 19â—_n there_o 273._o there_o 207._o camb._n brit._n 275.292_o cassibel_n town_n there_o 292._o cam._n brit._n 298._o dio._n book_n 43.224_o 225._o caesar_n be_v origin_n from_o anchises_n and_o venus_n iceni_n who_o possess_v northfolk_n southfolk_n cambridge_n and_o huntingtonshire_n cenimagni_n thereabouts_o cenimagni_n be_v people_n in_o hamshire_n in_o holdshot_a hundred_o and_o thereabouts_o segintiaci_n oxfordshire_n segintiaci_n they_o inhabit_v henly_n hundred_o in_o oxfordshire_n ancalites_n bibract_n ancalites_n their_o seat_n be_v the_o hundred_o of_o bray_n about_o maidenhead_n in_o berkshire_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o contract_n from_o bibract_n bibroci_n place_v bibroci_n they_o give_v name_n to_o the_o hundred_o of_o caishoâ—_n in_o hertfordshire_n in_o which_o old_a verulam_n stand_v and_o where_o and_o in_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o the_o cassi_n be_v place_v cassi_n by_o their_o ambassador_n yield_v themselves_o to_o caesar_n from_o these_o he_o understand_v cassibelins_n build_v cassibelins_n verulam_n out_o of_o who_o ruin_n st._n alban_n be_v build_v town_n be_v not_o far_o off_o strengthen_v and_o surround_v with_o wood_n and_o marsh_n caesar_n several_a other_o nation_n also_o yield_v to_o caesar_n well_o fill_v with_o man_n and_o cattle_n for_o the_o britain_n call_n intricate_a wood_n compass_v about_o with_o a_o mudwall_n and_o a_o ditch_n a_o town_n whether_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o resort_v for_o the_o avoid_v the_o incursion_n of_o their_o enemy_n thither_o march_v caesar_n with_o his_o legion_n he_o find_v the_o place_n notable_o fortify_v by_o nature_n and_o art_n yet_o he_o assault_v it_o in_o two_o place_n town_n cassibelin_n town_n the_o britain_n for_o some_o while_o defend_v it_o but_o not_o able_a to_o sustain_v the_o force_n of_o the_o roman_n flee_v out_o at_o another_o part_n of_o the_o town_n take_v what_o a_o town_n be_v among_o the_o britain_n cassibelin_n town_n take_v great_a store_n of_o cattle_n be_v find_v there_o many_o be_v take_v and_o many_o be_v slay_v in_o their_o flight_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v here_o cassibelin_n send_v into_o kent_n where_o there_o be_v four_o king_n reign_v cingetorix_n carvilius_n taximagulus_n and_o seegonax_n they_o he_o command_v to_o raise_v all_o the_o force_n they_o can_v take_v the_o roman_a ship-camp_n assault_v the_o britain_n beat_v lugotorix_n take_v and_o sudden_o to_o assault_v the_o ship-camp_n this_o be_v attempt_v but_o when_o they_o come_v near_o unto_o it_o the_o roman_n sally_v out_o kill_v many_o of_o they_o and_o take_v their_o noble_a leader_n or_o captain_n rather_o captain_n or_o cingetorix_n rather_o lugotorix_n retreat_v safe_o to_o their_o camp_n cassibelin_n hear_v of_o the_o event_n of_o this_o enterprise_n be_v often_o defeat_v and_o his_o country_n waste_v but_o most_o of_o all_o move_v with_o the_o revolt_n of_o his_o city_n his_o city_n or_o people_n for_o caesar_n always_o call_v a_o people_n live_v under_o and_o use_v one_o law_n and_o the_o same_o custom_n civitas_n or_o a_o city_n city_n use_v the_o mediation_n of_o comius_n of_o arras_n to_o send_v ambassador_n about_o his_o submission_n to_o caesar_n who_o determine_v to_o winter_n in_o gallia_n 35._o caesar_n depart_v take_v hostage_n etc._n etc._n thus_o far_o caesar_n commentary_n pliny_n nat._n hist_o lib._n 9_o c._n 35._o by_o reason_n of_o some_o sudden_a commotion_n there_o and_o the_o summer_n be_v almost_o
areani_fw-la be_v find_v guilty_a in_o this_o conspiracy_n who_o be_v corrupt_v with_o reward_n often_o discover_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o roman_a affair_n to_o the_o barbarous_a people_n recall_v ibid._n lib._n 28._o c._n 7._o theodosius_n recall_v theodosius_n after_o these_o achievement_n be_v recall_v be_v accompany_v to_o the_o seaside_n with_o the_o general_a favour_n and_o applause_n of_o all_o man_n and_o pass_v the_o sea_n with_o a_o gentle_a gale_n come_v unto_o valentinian_n by_o who_o be_v receive_v with_o much_o joy_n and_o affection_n he_o be_v make_v office_n make_v here_o to_o describe_v this_o office_n master_n of_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o room_n of_o valens_n jovinus_n sometime_o afterward_o froamarius_n who_o valentinian_n have_v make_v king_n of_o the_o thereabouts_o the_o they_o be_v inhabitant_n of_o the_o town_n and_o country_n of_o weisbaden_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o rhine_n right_a against_o mentz_n a_o appendant_a of_o the_o county_n of_o nassaw_n or_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o bucino-bantes_a 374._o ibid._n lib._n 29._o c._n 9_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 374._o upon_o fresh_a excursion_n and_o devastation_n make_v upon_o the_o new_a acquire_v country_n be_v send_v hither_o with_o power_n of_o tribute_n over_o the_o alemans_n which_o be_v then_o much_o value_v for_o their_o number_n and_o courage_n gratian_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o valentinian_n by_o severa_n 374._o gratianus_n valentinianus_n junior_n theodosius_n anno_fw-la dom._n 374._o grow_v towards_o a_o man_n his_o father_n make_v he_o his_o colleague_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o he_o succeed_v he_o after_o his_o death_n with_o who_o valentinian_n the_o young_a his_o half-brother_n by_o his_o stepmother_n justina_n but_o then_o four_o year_n old_a be_v elect_v his_o partner_n in_o the_o empire_n by_o advice_n of_o the_o council_n and_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o army_n 4.760_o ibid._n lib._n 27._o c._n 5._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 37._o ibid._n lib._n 30._o c._n 12._o zosim_fw-la lib._n 4.751_o anno_fw-la dom._n 379._o theodosius_n choose_a emperor_n by_o gratian_n and_o rule_v in_o the_o east_n zosim_fw-la lib._n 4.760_o but_o gratian_n find_v his_o affair_n perplex_v the_o goth_n and_o other_o barbarous_a people_n invade_v the_o empire_n on_o one_o side_n and_o the_o nation_n upon_o the_o rhine_n infest_v it_o on_o the_o other_o not_o think_v himself_o sufficient_a for_o the_o administration_n of_o it_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o uncle_n valens_n choose_v theodosius_n son_n to_o that_o theodosius_n that_o have_v so_o brave_o behave_v himself_o in_o britain_n to_o be_v his_o consort_n and_o sharer_n with_o he_o in_o the_o empire_n who_o rule_v in_o the_o east_n thing_n be_v in_o this_o state_n and_o condition_n gratian_n be_v a_o easy_a prince_n listen_v to_o flatterer_n and_o such_o as_o be_v wont_a to_o corrupt_v and_o debauch_v the_o kind_n and_o mild_a disposition_n of_o prince_n receive_v into_o his_o favour_n and_o into_o the_o army_n certain_a renegado_n renegado_n people_n of_o european_a sarmatia_n and_o thought_n by_o some_o who_o alan_n who_o to_o have_v inhabit_a that_o country_n which_o be_v now_o call_v lithuania_n but_o more_o right_o they_o be_v seat_v near_o the_o alanian_a mountain_n not_o far_o from_o the_o head_n of_o tanais_n alan_n unto_o who_o he_o give_v great_a reward_n and_o trust_v they_o with_o the_o management_n of_o his_o great_a affair_n neglect_v at_o the_o same_o time_n his_o own_o soldier_n who_o for_o this_o cause_n begin_v to_o murmur_n against_o and_o hate_v he_o the_o soldier_n thus_o kindle_v against_o he_o especial_o those_o in_o britain_n and_o excite_v by_o maximus_n a_o spaniard_n by_o birth_n sedition_n maximus_n excite_v the_o soldier_n to_o sedition_n and_o fellow_n soldier_n with_o theodosius_n there_o who_o take_v it_o ill_a that_o theodosius_n shall_v be_v think_v worthy_a of_o the_o empire_n and_o himself_o not_o think_v fit_a to_o have_v any_o honourable_a employment_n in_o the_o government_n more_o and_o more_o irritate_v the_o soldier_n against_o gratian_n and_o they_o be_v ripe_a for_o sedition_n be_v easy_o prevail_v upon_o to_o salute_v maximus_n emperor_n ibid._n anno_fw-la dom._n 381._o he_o be_v salute_v emperor_n zosim_fw-la ibid._n and_o have_v deliver_v he_o the_o imperial_a diadem_n and_o purple_a they_o forthwith_o pass_v the_o sea_n with_o he_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n rhine_n the_o army_n in_o germany_n and_o the_o neighbour_n nation_n with_o much_o satisfaction_n approve_v the_o design_n gratian_n prepare_v to_o suppress_v this_o rebellion_n and_o fight_v maximus_n but_o be_v desert_v by_o the_o army_n he_o have_v gather_v together_o see_v his_o affair_n desperate_a he_o flee_v with_o 300_o horse_n towards_o the_o italy_n the_o mountain_n that_o separate_v germany_n and_o france_n from_o italy_n alps_n and_o from_o thence_o through_o semandria_n through_o singidunum_n rather_o a_o city_n of_o upper_a moesia_n seat_v upon_o the_o danube_n six_o leaf_n eastward_o from_o taurinum_n or_o belgrade_n now_o call_v zendorin_n of_o the_o greek_n simedro_n and_o in_o modern_a latin_a semandria_n rhaetia_n noricum_n pannonia_n towards_o dukedom_n towards_o then_o the_o second_o city_n of_o italy_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o carni_n now_o aquilegia_fw-la seat_v on_o the_o north-east_n part_n of_o the_o top_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o venice_n and_o in_o that_o dukedom_n upper_a moesia_n whether_o be_v pursue_v by_o andragathius_n master_n of_o maximus_n his_o horse_n pass_v the_o bridge_n at_o at_o they_o be_v northern_a people_n ibidem_fw-la vandal_n whence_o sheringhâ—m_n de_fw-fr orig._n angl._n 210._o ibidem_fw-la who_o come_v out_o of_o scythia_n from_o about_o the_o lake_n maeotis_n and_o river_n tanais_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v of_o gothic_n original_n they_o be_v call_v vandal_n from_o the_o word_n wandelen_n signify_v to_o wander_v or_o rove_v up_o and_o down_o because_o they_o often_o change_v their_o place_n of_o abroad_o at_o last_o they_o fix_v upon_o and_o near_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n towards_o germany_n which_o from_o they_o with_o many_o other_o north-east_n country_n adjoin_v be_v call_v vandalia_n aâ—_n meckleburgh_n pomerania_n polonia_n silesia_n etc._n etc._n sigisdunum_n slay_v gratian_n slay_v he_o be_v overtake_v and_o slay_v theodosius_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o justina_n mother_n to_o valentinian_n 3â—3_n anno_fw-la dom._n 3â—3_n prepare_v to_o encounter_v maximus_n who_o army_n be_v defeat_v in_o pannonia_n he_o flee_v to_o aquileia_n etc._n theodosius_n major_a valentinianus_n secundus_fw-la honorius_n arcadius_n anno_fw-la dom._n 383_o etc._n etc._n where_o he_o be_v take_v deliver_v to_o theodosius_n and_o present_o put_v to_o death_n and_o to_o young_a valentinian_n be_v restore_v whatsoever_o his_o father_n or_o his_o brother_n gratian_n have_v possess_v the_o scot_n and_o pict_n take_v advantage_n when_o the_o army_n and_o the_o flower_n of_o the_o british_a youth_n be_v transport_v by_o maximus_n most_o of_o which_o be_v either_o slay_v 12._o an._n dom._n 388._o zosim_fw-la lib._n 4.769_o 770._o young_a valentinian_n restore_v gildas_n c._n 11._o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n invade_v britain_n they_o waste_v it_o socrat._v hist_o lib._n 7._o c._n 12._o or_o seat_v themselves_o in_o amorica_n now_o brittany_n in_o france_n miserable_o spoil_v and_o waste_v the_o province_n for_o the_o oppose_a and_o reduce_v of_o who_o chrysanthus_n the_o son_n of_o marcian_n bishop_n of_o constantinople_n be_v make_v vicar_n in_o the_o british_a isle_n who_o behave_v himself_o worthy_o and_o with_o great_a praise_n but_o whether_o he_o total_o subdue_v these_o northern_a enemy_n or_o whether_o stilicho_n who_o be_v by_o theodosius_n appoint_a tutor_n and_o governor_n to_o honorius_n after_o his_o death_n or_o some_o other_o send_v by_o he_o as_o claudian_n seem_v to_o affirm_v reduce_v they_o it_o no_o where_o it_o appear_v not_o long_o after_o the_o empire_n be_v distress_v the_o legion_n for_o this_o purpose_n send_v into_o britain_n be_v recall_v 17._o chrysanthus_n send_v to_o repress_v they_o and_o stilicho_n claud._n paneg._n 2._o de_fw-fr laud._n stilich_n anno_fw-la dom._n 395._o the_o legion_n send_v with_o they_o recall_v the_o vandal_n etc._n etc._n invade_v gallia_n and_o germany_n zosim_fw-la lib._n 6.824_o 825._o they_o affright_v the_o british_a force_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 409._o they_o mutiny_v and_o set_v up_o marcus_n gratianus_n and_o constantin_n successive_o he_o transport_v the_o british_a army_n into_o gallia_n soâ—omen_n lib._n â—_o c._n 15._o constantin_n take_v anno_fw-la dom._n 413._o and_o put_v to_o death_n aâ—â—icola_n intrâ—ceth_v pelagianism_n into_o britain_n an._n dom._n 429._o bede_n lib._n 1._o c._n 17._o and_o the_o the_o whence_o sueve_n whence_o people_n of_o the_o same_o origin_n with_o the_o vandal_n so_o name_v from_o the_o word_n schweben_fw-mi of_o the_o same_o signification_n with_o wandelen_n and_o may_v be_v the_o same_o people_n under_o divers_a name_n for_o they_o be_v also_o affirm_v by_o very_o good_a
throughout_o britain_n his_o ensign_n be_v nine_o maritine_n town_n place_v on_o the_o form_n of_o the_o island_n and_o the_o soldier_n in_o garrison_n be_v about_o 2200_o foot_n ensign_n his_o ensign_n and_o 200_o horse_n express_v as_o follow_v under_o the_o disposition_n or_o command_n of_o the_o remarkable_a person_n the_o count_n of_o the_o saxon-shore_n through_o britain_n by_o marcellinus_n 7._o lib._n 27._o c._n 7._o call_v come_v tractus_n maritimi_fw-la or_o count_n of_o the_o sea-coast_n 1._o praepositus_fw-la numeri_fw-la sarmatia_n numeri_fw-la so_o call_v from_o fortia_fw-la a_o town_n in_o asiatic_n sarmatia_n fortensium_fw-la othonae_fw-la command_n what_o soldier_n and_o garrison_n under_o his_o command_n the_o captain_n or_o provost_z of_o the_o cohort_n or_o soldier_n or_o a_o cohort_n be_v call_v numerus_fw-la but_o sometime_o the_o word_n numeri_fw-la signify_v any_o band_n or_o company_n of_o soldier_n band_n of_o the_o sarmatia_n the_o so_o call_v from_o fortia_fw-la a_o town_n in_o asiatic_n sarmatia_n fortense_n at_o ithancester_n near_o s_n t_o peter_n chappel_n and_o not_o far_o from_o maldon_n in_o essex_n upon_o the_o coast_n in_o dengy_n hundred_o county_n cambden_n in_o the_o several_a county_n 2._o praepositus_fw-la numeri_fw-la thereabouts_o numeri_fw-la from_o tourâ—ay_n now_o doornicke_n in_o gallican_n flanders_n and_o the_o people_n thereabouts_o twenacensium_fw-la lemanis_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o thereabouts_o the_o from_o tourâ—ay_n now_o doornicke_n in_o gallican_n flanders_n and_o the_o people_n thereabouts_o turnois_n at_o lime_n near_o hithe_n in_o kent_n 3._o praepositus_fw-la militum_fw-la tungri_n militum_fw-la tongre_n or_o tungeren_n in_o brabant_n and_o the_o people_n thereabouts_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o liege_n colon_n juliers_n limburgh_n lutzenburgh_n etc._n etc._n be_v all_o call_v tungri_n tungricanorum_n dubris_n the_o provost_n or_o captain_n of_o the_o tungri_n the_o tongre_n or_o tungeren_n in_o brabant_n and_o the_o people_n thereabouts_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o liege_n colon_n juliers_n limburgh_n lutzenburgh_n etc._n etc._n be_v all_o call_v tungri_n tongrians_n at_o dover_n 4._o praepositus_fw-la equitum_fw-la dalmatarum_fw-la branodunensis_n branoduno_n the_o brancaster_n captain_n of_o the_o dalmatian_a horse_n at_o brancaster_n a_o town_n upon_o the_o coast_n near_o burnham-market_n in_o norfolk_n 5._o praepositus_fw-la equitum_fw-la stablesianorum_fw-la garianensis_fw-la garionono_fw-la the_o yarmouth_n captain_n of_o the_o not_o the_o they_o be_v from_o pelusium_n a_o archiepiscopal_a city_n in_o egypt_n seat_v upon_o the_o east-mouth_n of_o the_o river_n nilus_n but_o why_o so_o call_v i_o know_v not_o stablesian-horse_n at_o yarmouth_n in_o norfolk_n 6._o tribunus_n cohortis_fw-la primae_fw-la vetasiorum_n forte_fw-fr they_o forte_fw-fr the_o vetusii_fw-la be_v people_n of_o the_o alps_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a this_o cohort_n consist_v of_o they_o vetusiorum_n regulbio_n the_o tribune_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n of_o the_o they_o the_o the_o vetusii_fw-la be_v people_n of_o the_o alps_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a this_o cohort_n consist_v of_o they_o vetusians_n at_o reculver_n a_o town_n of_o kent_n upon_o the_o northern_a coast_n in_o the_o lathe_n of_o s_n to_o augustine_n 7._o legion_n 7._o the_o praefecture_n of_o a_o legion_n be_v at_o this_o time_n the_o command_n of_o 1000_o foot_n part_n of_o that_o legion_n praefectus_fw-la legionis_fw-la secundae_fw-la augustae_fw-la rutupis_fw-la legion_n rutupis_fw-la the_o praefecture_n of_o a_o legion_n be_v at_o this_o time_n the_o command_n of_o 1000_o foot_n part_n of_o that_o legion_n the_o praefect_n of_o the_o second_o august_n or_o imperial_a legion_n at_o richborow_n near_o sandwich_n in_o kent_n 8._o praepositus_fw-la numeri_fw-la abulcorum_fw-la forsan_fw-la spain_n forsan_fw-la so_o name_v from_o abula_n a_o episcopal_a city_n of_o old_a castille_n in_o spain_n abulorum_fw-la anderidae_fw-la the_o captain_n of_o the_o spain_n the_o so_o name_v from_o abula_n a_o episcopal_a city_n of_o old_a castille_n in_o spain_n abulians_n at_o newenden_n in_o kent_n in_o the_o lathe_n of_o scraye_n near_o oxney_n island_n 9_o praepositus_fw-la numeri_fw-la exploratorum_n portu_fw-la adurni_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o band_n of_o scout_n at_o aldrington_n now_o a_o small_a village_n near_o shoreham_n in_o sussex_n his_o office_n and_o officer_n be_v the_o very_a same_o with_o those_o of_o the_o count_n of_o britain_n save_v only_o he_o have_v a_o cornicularius_n explain_v in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o vicar_n before_o this_o history_n and_o a_o regendarius_n 18._o not._n or_o imp._n c._n 18._o a_o master_n of_o request_n that_o present_v petition_n memorial_n and_o bill_n of_o complaint_n to_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n explain_v they_o and_o receive_v his_o answer_n so_o call_v a_o regerendo_fw-la because_o he_o write_v they_o into_o a_o book_n he_o be_v also_o call_v subscribendarius_n from_o subscribe_v these_o petition_n memorial_n etc._n etc._n correct_a precedent_n have_v not_o any_o master_n of_o request_n or_o regendary_n because_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o subscribe_v the_o libel_n memorial_n etc._n etc._n themselves_o one_o praefecture_n 1000_o six_o band_n 1200._o two_o squadron_n 72._o not._n occid_n imp._n c._n 72._o or_o troop_n of_o horse_n 200._o in_o all_o 2200_o foot_n and_o 200_o horse_n there_o be_v likewise_o in_o this_o establishment_n a_o duke_n of_o britain_n britain_n the_o duke_n of_o britain_n dux_n britanniarum_n his_o ensign_n be_v 14_o town_n place_v also_o as_o upon_o the_o whole_a island_n with_o his_o book_n of_o instruction_n and_o letter_n patent_n or_o commission_n as_o the_o count_n and_o other_o duke_n his_o garrison_n and_o officer_n be_v thus_o describe_v 1._o praefectus_fw-la legionis_fw-la sextae_fw-la the_o praefect_n of_o the_o six_o legion_n wall_n his_o garrison_n distant_a from_o the_o wall_n but_o rather_o of_o the_o legion_n at_o sextae_fw-la that_o be_v york_z if_o it_o be_v take_v for_o a_o place_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v by_o the_o town_n place_v in_o the_o ensign_n and_o superscribe_v sextae_fw-la for_o the_o six_o legion_n be_v place_v at_o york_n 2._o praefectus_fw-la equitum_fw-la dalmatarum_fw-la praesidio_fw-la the_o praefect_n of_o dalmatian_a horse_n at_o warwick_n 3._o praefectus_fw-la praefectus_fw-la so_o call_v from_o crispiana_n a_o town_n in_o panonia_n 89._o not._n imp._n occid_n c._n 89._o crispianorum_fw-la equitum_fw-la dano_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o the_o so_o call_v from_o crispiana_n a_o town_n in_o panonia_n 89._o not._n imp._n occid_n c._n 89._o crispian_n horse_n at_o doncaster_n in_o yorkshire_n 4._o praefectus_fw-la equitum_fw-la cataphractariorum_n morbio_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o horse_n arm_v cap-a-pe_n or_o all_o over_o at_o moresby_n in_o cumberland_n near_o the_o coast_n between_o egremond_n and_o wirkington_n 5._o praefectus_fw-la numeri_fw-la barcariorum_n tigrisensium_n arbeia_n the_o captain_n of_o of_o be_v if_o they_o be_v spanish_a people_n they_o be_v from_o braga_n a_o archiepiscopal-city_n now_o in_o portugal_n but_o ancient_o in_o spain_n by_o the_o roman_n call_v bracara_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o and_o the_o country_n belong_v to_o it_o bracarii_fw-la see_v ferrar._n lex_fw-la geogra_fw-la last_o edit_fw-la 2_o tom._n of_o the_o greek_a canon_n oxon._n 1672._o the_o watchman_n in_o rome_n why_o first_o institute_v defensores_fw-la what_o they_o may_v be_v pancirol_n conjecture_v they_o be_v bracarii_fw-la a_o people_n of_o spain_n but_o perhaps_o he_o may_v have_v guess_v near_o if_o he_o have_v say_v they_o have_v be_v shipwright_n for_o such_o a_o one_o barcarius_n signify_v and_o may_v be_v a_o barbarous_a word_n latinize_v and_o introduce_v into_o the_o provincial_a latin_a as_o there_o be_v many_o at_o this_o time_n from_o barca_n a_o bark_n or_o small_a ship_n and_o have_v be_v bring_v hither_o from_o the_o part_n of_o the_o river_n tigris_n in_o asia_n may_v be_v call_v barcarii_fw-la tigrisienses_fw-la to_o make_v this_o conjecture_n more_o probable_a the_o roman_n always_o have_v artificer_n of_o all_o sort_n in_o their_o army_n range_v in_o whole_a cohort_n and_o perhaps_o legion_n and_o these_o shipwrights_a may_v be_v more_o useful_a here_o then_o in_o other_o part_n see_v jerby_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o river_n eln_n which_o then_o may_v be_v considerable_a not_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o the_o saxon_n sometime_o but_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n out_o of_o ireland_n most_o and_o chief_o make_v their_o invasion_n upon_o this_o coast_n so_o that_o they_o may_v at_o this_o time_n be_v employ_v here_o in_o building_n and_o manage_v out_o small_a ship_n or_o vessel_n to_o oppose_v they_o or_o from_o barca_n a_o country_n or_o province_n in_o afric_n and_o in_o barbary_n near_o the_o mediterranean_a so_o call_v from_o the_o chief_a city_n thereof_o beveireg_n note_n in_o canon_n concilii_fw-la trullan_n f._n 149._o barcarians_n etc._n etc._n at_o jerby_n in_o cumberland_n 6._o praefectus_fw-la numeri_fw-la nerviorum_fw-la dicti_fw-la the_o captain_n of_o the_o dictensian_a etc._n dictensian_a people_z that_o inhabit_v hanault_n the_o dominion_n of_o cambray_n
gallic_n flanders_n etc._n etc._n neervians_n at_o diganwey_n in_o caernarvonshire_n near_o aberconwey_n 7._o praefectus_fw-la numeri_fw-la alike_o numeri_fw-la these_o watchman_n be_v first_o institute_v by_o augustus_n as_o a_o remedy_n against_o fire_n theives_n and_o other_o inconvenience_n and_o mischief_n in_o the_o great_a and_o populous_a city_n of_o rome_n and_o have_v their_o several_a circuit_n appoint_v for_o this_o night-service_n they_o be_v afterward_o soldier_n and_o distribute_v into_o seven_o cohort_n from_o whence_o the_o name_n be_v derive_v unto_o other_o soldier_n abroad_o in_o the_o province_n who_o duty_n may_v be_v somewhat_o alike_o vigilum_fw-la concangy_n or_o as_o alciat_a concagios_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o watchman_n in_o the_o barony_n of_o kendal_n i_o rather_o think_v according_a to_o the_o import_n of_o their_o name_n and_o office_n that_o concangy_n be_v somewhere_o near_o the_o wall_n and_o perhaps_o on_o the_o north-side_n of_o it_o some_o place_n not_o yet_o make_v out_o 8._o praefectus_fw-la numeri_fw-la exploratorum_n lavatris_fw-la the_o captain_n of_o the_o scout_n at_o bow_n in_o stanemore_n in_o richmondshire_n in_o the_o north-riding_a of_o yorkshire_n not_o far_o from_o barnards-castle_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n 9_o praefectus_fw-la numeri_fw-la directorum_fw-la alius_fw-la duroctorum_fw-la aut_fw-la durocortorum_n veterum_fw-la aliter_fw-la verteis_fw-la vel_fw-la verterae_n as_o it_o be_v note_v over_o the_o town_n in_o the_o duke_n ensign_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o band_n of_o caesar_n of_o part_v of_o a_o legion_n so_o call_v in_o mâ—sia_n from_o durocortum_fw-la rheims_n in_o champainge_n so_o name_v by_o caesar_n durocts_n or_o durocort_n at_o burgh-castle_n in_o stanemore_n in_o westmoreland_n 10._o praefectus_fw-la numeri_fw-la defensorum_fw-la braboniaco_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o band_n of_o afterward_o of_o what_o these_o be_v i_o know_v not_o unless_o perhaps_o they_o may_v be_v such_o as_o be_v constant_o in_o garrison_n and_o never_o march_v out_o upon_o other_o service_n or_o happy_o they_o may_v be_v part_n of_o a_o legion_n or_o other_o body_n of_o soldier_n call_v defensorum_fw-la legio_n etc._n etc._n which_o i_o no_o where_o find_v so_o name_v at_o first_o for_o defend_v the_o border_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o though_o remove_v from_o that_o particular_a service_n yet_o they_o may_v retain_v the_o name_n afterward_o defender_n at_o brougham_n in_o westmoreland_n 11._o praefectus_fw-la numeri_fw-la solensium_fw-la maglovae_fw-la the_o captain_n of_o the_o cilicia_n the_o so_o call_v from_o soloe_n a_o city_n of_o cilicia_n solense_v at_o maclenith_n in_o montgomery-shire_n there_o place_v to_o keep_v under_o the_o montanose_a people_n 12._o praefectus_fw-la numeri_fw-la pacensium_fw-la magis_fw-la the_o captain_n of_o the_o badajox_n the_o they_o have_v their_o name_n from_o pax_n or_o pace_n julia_n in_o portugal_n near_o badajox_n pacenses_n at_o old_a radnor_n in_o radnorshire_n or_o perhaps_o at_o magiovinium_n dunstable_n in_o bedfordshire_n 13._o praefectus_fw-la numeri_fw-la longovicariorum_fw-la longovico_fw-la the_o captain_n of_o the_o lancastrian_n band_n at_o lancaster_n 14._o praefectus_fw-la numeri_fw-la derventiensis_fw-la derventione_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o derventienses_n so_o call_v from_o the_o place_n where_o they_o lay_v at_o aldby_n upon_o the_o river_n derwent_n about_o seven_o mile_n from_o york_n these_o 14_o garrison_n under_o the_o duke_n of_o britain_n garrison_n the_o number_n of_o his_o force_n in_o these_o garrison_n contain_v one_o legion_n then_o about_o 4000_o ten_o band_n or_o company_n and_o three_o troop_n or_o wing_n of_o horse_n in_o all_o about_o 6000_o foot_n and_o 300_o hose_n from_o one_o end_n of_o the_o wall_n to_o the_o other_o and_o on_o both_o side_n of_o it_o be_v also_o place_v under_o this_o duke_n 23_o tribune_n and_o praefect_n whereof_o there_o be_v five_o wing_n and_o one_o troop_n of_o horse_n to_o guard_v it_o 1._o tribunus_n cohortis_fw-la quartae_fw-la lergorum_fw-la segeduno_n wall_n roman_n garrison_n upon_o the_o wall_n the_o tribune_n of_o the_o four_o cohort_n of_o the_o lergi_fw-la what_o they_o be_v be_v not_o know_v at_o segehill_n in_o northumberland_n 2._o tribunus_n cohortis_fw-la cheshires_n cohortis_fw-la they_o inhabit_a warwick_n worcester_z stafford_z shrop_n and_o cheshires_n cornaviorum_fw-la it_o cornaviorum_fw-la so_o denominate_v from_o aelius_n hadrianus_n the_o emperor_n that_o build_v it_o ponte-aelii_a the_o tribune_n of_o the_o cheshires_n the_o they_o inhabit_a warwick_n worcester_z stafford_z shrop_n and_o cheshires_n cornavii_n at_o it_o at_o so_o denominate_v from_o aelius_n hadrianus_n the_o emperor_n that_o build_v it_o pont-eland_n in_o northumberland_n 3._o praefectus_fw-la praefectus_fw-la wing_n 38._o wing_n of_o soldier_n what_o they_o be_v and_o why_o so_o call_v lib._n 2._o c._n 8._o suet._n in_o augusto_n c._n 38._o be_v squadron_n or_o troop_n of_o horse_n place_v on_o the_o right_n and_o left_a flank_n or_o side_n of_o legion_n or_o other_o body_n of_o foot_n as_o the_o wing_n of_o bird_n and_o fowl_n upon_o their_o body_n they_o consist_v of_o 56_o or_o at_o most_o 66_o horse_n as_o vegetius_n say_v their_o captain_n be_v call_v praefect_n and_o be_v the_o son_n of_o senator_n but_o this_o agree_v not_o with_o pancirol_n account_v who_o make_v these_o wing_n at_o least_o 100_o horse_n but_o more_o of_o the_o number_n afterward_o alae_fw-la primae_fw-la asturum_fw-la conderco_n the_o praefect_n of_o the_o first_o first_o wing_n 38._o wing_n of_o soldier_n what_o they_o be_v and_o why_o so_o call_v lib._n 2._o c._n 8._o suet._n in_o augusto_n c._n 38._o be_v squadron_n or_o troop_n of_o horse_n place_v on_o the_o right_n and_o left_a flank_n or_o side_n of_o legion_n or_o other_o body_n of_o foot_n as_o the_o wing_n of_o bird_n and_o fowl_n upon_o their_o body_n they_o consist_v of_o 56_o or_o at_o most_o 66_o horse_n as_o vegetius_n say_v their_o captain_n be_v call_v praefect_n and_o be_v the_o son_n of_o senator_n but_o this_o agree_v not_o with_o pancirol_n account_v who_o make_v these_o wing_n at_o least_o 100_o horse_n but_o more_o of_o the_o number_n afterward_o wing_n of_o leon._n of_o asturian_o or_o esturians_n people_n in_o spain_n their_o country_n asturia_n situate_v between_o gallaecia_n portugal_n and_o leon._n esturians_n in_o spain_n at_o chester_n on_o the_o street_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n between_o that_o town_n and_o newcastle_n 4._o tribunus_n cohortis_fw-la primae_fw-la frixagorum_fw-la forsan_fw-la fresno_n forsan_fw-la from_o the_o town_n fraxinum_n there_o be_v two_o of_o that_o name_n in_o spain_n according_a to_o the_o itinerary_n put_v out_o by_o surita_n and_o 3_o or_o 4_o of_o they_o according_a to_o ferrarius_fw-la and_o now_o in_o the_o vulgar_a spanish_a all_o call_v fresno_n fraxinorum_fw-la the_o tribune_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n of_o frixagians_n what_o they_o be_v be_v not_o know_v but_o perhaps_o rather_o of_o fresno_n of_o from_o the_o town_n fraxinum_n there_o be_v two_o of_o that_o name_n in_o spain_n according_a to_o the_o itinerary_n put_v out_o by_o surita_n and_o 3_o or_o 4_o of_o they_o according_a to_o ferrarius_fw-la and_o now_o in_o the_o vulgar_a spanish_a all_o call_v fresno_n fraxinians_n at_o walls-end_n in_o northumberland_n 5._o praefectus_fw-la alae_fw-la savus_n alae_fw-la so_o name_v from_o sabina_n hadrian_o empress_n as_o cambden_n or_o the_o sabini_n a_o people_n of_o italy_n or_o from_o savia_n panonia_n where_o they_o may_v be_v raise_v now_o windischland_n between_o carniola_n and_o croatia_n upon_o the_o river_n savus_n savinianae_fw-la it_o savinianae_fw-la hunnum_n in_o the_o roman_a map_n of_o britain_n seem_v to_o be_v rowcliffe_n near_o carlisle_n in_o cumberland_n and_o aesica_n not_o far_o from_o it_o humo_fw-la the_o praefect_n of_o the_o savus_n the_o so_o name_v from_o sabina_n hadrian_o empress_n as_o cambden_n or_o the_o sabini_n a_o people_n of_o italy_n or_o from_o savia_n panonia_n where_o they_o may_v be_v raise_v now_o windischland_n between_o carniola_n and_o croatia_n upon_o the_o river_n savus_n savinian_a wing_n at_o sevenshale_v at_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o resemblance_n between_o saviniana_n ala_n and_o sevenshale_v sevenshale_v in_o northumberland_n 6._o praefectus_fw-la alae_fw-la secundae_fw-la asturum_fw-la cilurno_fw-la the_o praefect_n of_o the_o second_o wing_n of_o esturians_n at_o collerton_n or_o collerford_n in_o northumberland_n 7._o tribunus_n cohortis_fw-la primae_fw-la batavorum_n procolitia_n the_o tribune_n of_o the_o first_o batavian_n cohort_n at_o prodhowe_n castle_n in_o northumberland_n 8._o tribunus_n cohortis_fw-la primae_fw-la tungrorum_n borcovico_fw-la the_o tribune_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n of_o tungrian_o at_o berwick_n 9_o tribunus_n cohortis_fw-la quartae_fw-la gallorum_n vindolana_n the_o tribune_n of_o the_o four_o cohort_n of_o the_o gaul_n or_o french_a at_z winchester_z in_o the_o wall_n or_o old_a winchester_n in_o northumberland_n 10._o tribunus_n cohortis_fw-la primae_fw-la asturum_fw-la aesica_n the_o tribune_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n of_o the_o esturians_n at_o netherby_n
the_o field_n their_o winter_n and_o summer_n camp_n such_o be_v the_o fortress_n upon_o gogmagog_n hill_n near_o cambridge_n be_v 1000_o pace_n about_o on_o the_o outside_n encompass_v with_o a_o double_a ditch_n and_o two_o high_a bank_n that_o before_o and_o on_o the_o north-side_n the_o crown-inn_n in_o chesterford_n in_o essex_n where_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n in_o the_o bottom_n go_v up_o the_o hill_n from_o cambridge_n or_o born-bridge_n towards_o the_o inn_n which_o stand_v upon_o london-road_n be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o footbridge_n over_o the_o trench_n towards_o icleton_n or_o old_a icelodunum_n make_v of_o roman-brick_n and_o mortar_n and_o as_o i_o receive_v it_o from_o that_o learned_a and_o worthy_a person_n sir_n thomas_n darrel_n of_o castle-camp_n and_o sometime_o of_o hinckston_n near_o the_o place_n he_o have_v see_v some_o of_o antoninus_n pius_n his_o roman_a coin_n which_o be_v find_v and_o plough_v up_o within_o the_o trench_n one_o there_o be_v upon_o the_o hill_n opposite_a to_o audley-inn-house_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o it_o another_o at_o little-bury_a near_o adjoin_v from_o whence_o the_o name_n of_o the_o village_n it_o lie_v behind_o the_o church_n near_o to_o the_o rivulet_n another_o in_o wiltshire_n opposite_a to_o the_o town_n or_o village_n wiley_n call_v yanesbury_n another_o in_o dorsetshire_n near_o mâ—nckton_n and_o not_o many_o mile_n from_o dorchester_n and_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o nation_n by_o these_o they_o keep_v in_o subjection_n the_o native_n and_o mediterranean_a people_n fortress_n the_o saxon_n make_v use_v of_o the_o roman_a castra_n or_o fortress_n though_o they_o do_v not_o fill_v their_o colony_n with_o soldier_n several_a of_o these_o castra_n be_v use_v by_o the_o saxon_n for_o the_o same_o purpose_n when_o the_o roman_n leave_v the_o nation_n and_o some_o of_o they_o be_v by_o they_o call_v chester_n or_o castres_n and_o have_v those_o name_n at_o this_o day_n 11._o veget._n de_fw-fr re_fw-la militari_fw-la lib._n 3._o c._n 6._o the_o roman_a way_n eccles_n hist_o lib._n 1._o c._n 11._o the_o roman_n for_o the_o great_a conveniency_n of_o passage_n from_o garrison_n to_o garrison_n way_n garrison_n station_n be_v their_o winter-camp_n fortress_n and_o perhaps_o garrison_n hence_o the_o passage_n from_o one_o to_o another_o be_v call_v military-way_n or_o soldier_n way_n station_n to_o station_n station_n colonia_n &_o municipium_fw-la be_v often_o change_v one_o into_o another_o what._n roman_a station_n what._n municipium_fw-la what._n and_o these_o word_n use_v promiscuous_o sometime_o for_o the_o same_o place_n colony_n to_o colony_n and_o from_o one_o privilege_n one_o a_o city_n or_o town_n have_v the_o same_o privilege_n that_o rome_n have_v or_o rather_o according_a to_o modern_a acceptation_n a_o city_n or_o town_n have_v its_o own_o proper_a and_o special_a officer_n law_n and_o privilege_n municipium_fw-la or_o corporation_n to_o another_o have_v their_o public_a way_n call_v the_o consulary_a praetorian_a king_n and_o military_a way_n etc._n etc._n by_o bede_n and_o the_o modern_n strate_n or_o street_n there_o be_v in_o england_n four_o of_o chief_a note_n note_n via_fw-la vetelingiana_n from_o i_o know_v not_o what_o wetle_n or_o wethle_n or_o from_o vitellianus_n if_o it_o can_v be_v make_v out_o in_o saxon_a wetelinga-streate_n from_o the_o word_n street_n common_a to_o all_o way_n dictionary_n watling-street_n his_o dictionary_n and_o the_o saxon_a weadle_n signify_v a_o beggar_n or_o poor_a man_n as_o summoner_n guess_v because_o it_o may_v be_v frequent_v by_o such_o or_o because_o have_v the_o king_n peace_n as_o also_o the_o other_o have_v it_o become_v a_o free_a and_o secure_a passage_n both_o to_o poor_a and_o rich_a it_o be_v also_o call_v werlam-streate_n because_o it_o go_v through_o or_o pass_v near_o veruâ—am_n 45._o camb._n brit._n 45._o or_o st._n alban_n high_a dike_n high-ridge_n forty_o foot_n or_o ridge-way_n by_o those_o that_o live_v near_o it_o some_o author_n affirm_v this_o street_n to_o have_v go_v from_o dover_n by_o or_o through_o london_n to_o westchester_n other_o to_o cardigan_n in_o wales_n watling-street_n watling-street_n via_fw-la icenorum_n so_o call_v because_o it_o pass_v through_o ikenild-street_n ikenild-street_n or_o lead_v from_o the_o icenian_o according_a to_o the_o common_a opinion_n but_o if_o it_o go_v from_o tinmouth_n to_o southampton_n through_o yorkshire_n darbyshire_n leicestershire_n warwickshire_n glocestershire_n 268._o warwicksh_n antiquity_n fol._n 666._o peramb_v kent_n 268._o oxfordshire_n and_o so_o direct_o to_o winchester_n and_o southampton_n as_o the_o learned_a dugdale_n have_v describe_v it_o or_o from_o tinmouth_n to_o st._n david_n as_o lambard_n it_o can_v not_o then_o come_v near_o the_o iceni_n nor_o by_o consequence_n have_v its_o name_n from_o they_o but_o if_o it_o go_v cross_v the_o nation_n from_o east_n to_o west_n as_o the_o archdeacon_n of_o huntingdon_n affirm_v it_o may_v then_o either_o begin_v or_o end_v there_o or_o if_o iken_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n signify_v a_o elbow_n or_o angle_n as_o i_o have_v some_o where_o read_v and_o that_o this_o street_n shall_v have_v make_v many_o angles_n by_o turn_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n it_o may_v then_o have_v receive_v its_o name_n from_o thence_o 319._o ermine_n street_n spel._n glossar_n 319._o ikenild-street_n 1_n book_n ii_o part_v 1_n north._n 1_n ermingstreet_n perhaps_o for_o hermen-street_n from_o hermes_n or_o mercury_n who_o statue_n raise_v upon_o a_o pillar_n the_o saxon_n worship_v which_o may_v be_v place_v upon_o this_o way_n or_o ermund-street_n from_o er_o and_o that_o from_o apus_n mars_n mund_o in_o saxon_a safety_n or_o defence_n and_o street_n as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v the_o martial_a or_o mars_n his_o free_a and_o safe_a street_n or_o last_o as_o summoner_n guess_v it_o may_v more_o true_o be_v write_v herman-street_n that_o be_v the_o military_a or_o soldier_n way_n which_o go_v from_o southampton_n to_o st._n david_n in_o west_n wales_n as_o some_o affirm_v or_o as_o other_o to_z carlisle_z in_o the_o north._n erminstreet_n and_o and_o fosse-way_n from_o fossa_n a_o ditch_n because_o it_o be_v ditch_v on_o both_o side_n this_o way_n pass_v from_o toâ—nes_n a_o cape_n in_o cornwall_n 268._o fosse-way_n peramb_v kent_n 268._o to_o cathness_n in_o scotland_n as_o lambard_n say_v or_o as_o other_o from_o the_o further_a part_n of_o cornwall_n through_o devonshire_n somersetshire_n wiltshire_n warwickshire_n to_o coventry_n from_o thence_o to_o leicester_n and_o lincoln_n where_o it_o end_v or_o thence_o according_a to_o other_o to_z york_z etc._n etc._n the_o tract_n of_o these_o four_o way_n be_v and_o have_v be_v for_o many_o age_n very_o obscure_a and_o author_n do_v very_o much_o differ_v about_o they_o and_o i_o believe_v it_o be_v not_o yet_o sufficient_o clear_v where_o any_o one_o of_o they_o distinct_o go_v or_o through_o what_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o there_o be_v very_o many_o more_o military_a way_n they_o who_o seek_v after_o they_o way_n lambard_n lâ—_n ed._n confess_v c._n 12._o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o four_o great_a way_n may_v hit_v sometime_o upon_o one_o sometime_o upon_o another_o they_o have_v belong_v to_o they_o very_o considerable_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n among_o other_o the_o king_n peace_n be_v grant_v unto_o they_o that_o be_v security_n of_o life_n and_o good_n and_o upon_o these_o way_n the_o person_n of_o all_o man_n in_o all_o case_n be_v free_a from_o arrest_n and_o their_o good_n from_o distress_n the_o fosse-way_n then_o whereof_o be_v extend_v across_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 12._o lamb._n ll._n ed._n confess_v c._n 12._o the_o other_o through_o the_o length_n of_o it_o these_o be_v make_v by_o the_o soldier_n and_o people_n under_o the_o excellent_a discipline_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o other_o great_a and_o magnificent_a work_n perform_v as_o well_o to_o prevent_v the_o mischief_n arise_v from_o idleness_n as_o for_o their_o own_o convenience_n but_o not_o without_o the_o very_a hard_a labour_n of_o the_o provincial_n as_o the_o britain_n grievous_o complain_v that_o the_o roman_n wear_v out_o 31._o four_o of_o they_o of_o most_o note_n how_o make_v tacit._n in_o vitâ_fw-la agric._n c._n 31._o and_o consume_v their_o body_n and_o hand_n in_o clear_v the_o wood_n and_o make_v way_n over_o the_o fen_n and_o bog_n with_o 1000_o stripe_n and_o reproach_n the_o vast_a charge_n and_o labour_n in_o make_v these_o way_n may_v be_v collect_v from_o the_o carriage_n of_o gravel_n sand_n and_o stone_n many_o miles_n where_o the_o soil_n itself_o afford_v no_o such_o material_n as_o in_o most_o or_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o gravel_n cause-way_n fen_n dugd._n hist_o of_o drayn_v fol._n 157._o a._n the_o cause_n way_n through_o the_o fen_n which_o extend_v itself_o from_o denver_n near_o downham-market_n in_o norfolk_n over_o the_o
to_o these_o meeting_n and_o he_o that_o neglect_v to_o come_v shall_v be_v punish_v fifteen_o shilling_n so_o it_o be_v here_o in_o the_o saxon_n time_n doomsday_n in_o the_o custom_n of_o arcenfield_n in_o hereford-shire_n si_fw-mi vicecomes_a evocet_fw-la eos_fw-la ad_fw-la sciremote_a meliores_fw-la ex_fw-la eye_v sex_n aut_fw-la septem_fw-la cum_fw-la eo_fw-la vadunt_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la vadit_fw-la vocatus_fw-la det_fw-la dvos_fw-la solidos_fw-la vel_fw-la unum_fw-la bovem_fw-la regi_fw-la 2d_o a_o ox_n value_v at_o 2d_o &_o qui_fw-la de_fw-la hundret_fw-la remanet_fw-la tantundem_fw-la solvit_fw-la and_o there_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o chester_n t._n r._n e._n erant_fw-la duodecim_fw-la judices_fw-la civitatis_fw-la &_o high_a erant_fw-la de_fw-la hominibus_fw-la feudatary_n or_o milites_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o episcopi_fw-la &_o comitis_fw-la horum_fw-la siquis_fw-la de_fw-la hundret_fw-la remanebat_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la sedebant_fw-la sine_fw-la excusatione_fw-la manifestâ_fw-la x._o solid_a emendebat_fw-la inter_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o comitem_fw-la and_o so_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o other_o place_n in_o doomsday_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n there_o be_v mulct_n and_o punishment_n to_o be_v find_v for_o such_o suitor_n as_o give_v not_o their_o attendance_n at_o the_o county_n and_o hundred_o court_n and_o further_o as_o we_o have_v our_o heretoch_n our_o 12_o time_n in_o a_o year_n ll._n ed._n conf._n c._n 35._o tit._n de_fw-fr heretoch_n hundred_o court_n ll._n edgari_n before_o cite_v ll._n ethelred_n c._n 4._o &_o leg_n polit_fw-la canut_n c._n 16._o so_o have_v the_o old_a german_n ll._n alaman_n tit._n 36._o §_o 1._o conventus_fw-la etc._n etc._n let_v the_o meeting_n or_o gemote_a according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n be_v in_o every_o hundred_o before_o the_o earl_n his_o commissary_n or_o the_o hundredary_n ibidem_fw-la §_o 2._o germany_n hundred_o court_n in_o germany_n let_v the_o court_n be_v from_o saturday_n to_o saturday_n or_o what_o day_n the_o earl_n or_o centenary_n shall_v think_v fit_a every_o seven_o fortnight_n seven_o the_o old_a german_n and_o saxon_n reckon_v their_o time_n by_o night_n instead_o of_o day_n and_o winter_n instead_o of_o year_n in_o some_o space_n of_o time_n we_o yet_o retain_v the_o custom_n as_o in_o seven_o night_n and_o fourteenight_v or_o fortnight_n night_n when_o we_o when_o in_o old_a germany_n all_o fray_n fight_v wound_v strive_v steal_v and_o all_o great_a offence_n and_o crime_n be_v account_v breach_n of_o the_o peace_n so_o be_v it_o here_o among_o the_o english_a saxon_n and_o at_o this_o day_n with_o we_o the_o peace_n be_v not_o well_o keep_v but_o when_o the_o peace_n shall_v be_v better_o keep_v than_o the_o hundred_o meeting_n shall_v be_v every_o fourteen_o night_n every_o freeman_n whatsoever_o he_o be_v whether_o the_o vassal_n of_o a_o duke_n or_o earl_n be_v punish_v twelve_o shilling_n if_o he_o come_v not_o to_o this_o meeting_n matter_n of_o less_o moment_n be_v determine_v in_o the_o german_a hundred_o court_n as_o well_o as_o in_o we_o ll._n longobard_fw-mi lib._n 2._o tit._n 52._o c._n 3._o court_n matter_n of_o less_o moment_n be_v â—riable_a in_o the_o hundred_o court_n no_o man_n in_o the_o court_n before_o the_o centenary_n shall_v be_v judge_v to_o death_n or_o to_o lose_v his_o liberty_n his_o estate_n or_o his_o slave_n but_o all_o such_o thing_n shall_v be_v judge_v before_o the_o earl_n or_o legate_n or_o commissioner_n county_n and_o the_o great_a matter_n be_v triable_a in_o the_o county_n that_o be_v in_o the_o county_n court_n where_o with_o they_o and_o we_o the_o title_n of_o estate_n in_o land_n be_v triable_a and_o last_o as_o we_o have_v our_o burghmote_n mention_v in_o our_o saxon_a law_n last_o cite_v so_o have_v the_o german_n in_o their_o municipia_fw-la burgh_n and_o city_n their_o court_n and_o judge_n their_o burgraves_n &_o civitatis_fw-la praeposit_v which_o magistrate_n be_v sometime_o call_v sculdais_n sculdasis_n scultetus_n or_o schults_n the_o tungreve_n burmester_n or_o burgomaster_n not_o unlike_o our_o major_n bailiff_n or_o alderman_n if_o the_o cause_n be_v such_o as_o the_o sculdais_n can_v not_o end_v it_o he_o be_v to_o direct_v both_o party_n to_o their_o judge_n which_o be_v the_o comes_fw-la pagi_fw-la or_o earl_n of_o the_o county_n where_o the_o city_n or_o town_n be_v ll._n longobard_fw-mi lib._n 2._o tit._n 41._o c._n 1.2_o the_o parity_n or_o identity_n of_o court_n be_v show_v the_o method_n of_o proceed_v in_o they_o shall_v be_v consider_v the_o very_a form_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v of_o what_o be_v do_v in_o the_o saxon_n time_n the_o learned_a 43._o learned_a praefat._n in_o auth._n decem_fw-la fol._n 43._o selden_n confess_v he_o can_v never_o find_v they_o some_o conjecture_n i_o shall_v make_v what_o be_v do_v here_o and_o show_v the_o proceed_n in_o germany_n it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o four_o of_o king_n ethelred_n law_n make_v at_o wanate_v brompton_n col_fw-fr 896._o &_o habeantur_fw-la placita_fw-la in_o singulis_fw-la wapentachiis_fw-la and_o let_v court_n be_v hold_v in_o every_o wapentach_n or_o hundred_o judge_n how_o the_o english_a saxon_n proceed_v in_o judgement_n the_o 12_o man_n mention_v in_o the_o saxon_a law_n be_v no_o juryman_n but_o judge_n and_o let_v twelve_o of_o the_o most_o know_v so_o i_o translate_v seniores_fw-la here_o thanes_z or_o freemen_n assemble_v and_o meet_v with_o the_o centenary_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o hundred_o so_o i_o render_v praepositus_fw-la and_o swear_v they_o will_v accuse_v no_o innocent_a person_n nor_o spare_v one_o that_o be_v guilty_a these_o twelve_o thanes_z be_v common_o take_v to_o be_v juror_n or_o juryman_n and_o the_o other_o twelve_o mention_v in_o 94._o in_o lamb._n fol._n 94._o senatus_n consulto_fw-la de_fw-fr montic_n wall_n six_o welch_n six_o english_a be_v take_v to_o be_v a_o jury_n ex_fw-la medietate_fw-la linguae_fw-la to_o try_v the_o welsh_a and_o english_a in_o those_o part_n but_o these_o last_o in_o the_o very_a law_n be_v say_v to_o be_v judge_n and_o lawyer_n and_o not_o juror_n and_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v in_o their_o whole_a estate_n if_o they_o judge_v not_o according_a to_o right_n and_o equity_n unless_o they_o can_v excuse_v themselves_o by_o pretend_v to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o other_o twelve_o thanes_z name_v in_o ethelred_n law_n be_v no_o other_o but_o judge_n or_o assessor_n with_o the_o hundredary_n reve_n or_o praepositus_fw-la and_o swear_v with_o he_o to_o do_v every_o man_n right_a and_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o comes_n the_o they_o be_v assessor_n to_o the_o come_v in_o his_o court_n or_o mall_n so_o call_v from_o the_o saxon_a racha_n a_o cause_n and_o burgus_n a_o burgh_n or_o city_n as_o if_o we_o shall_v say_v a_o city_n judge_n they_o be_v often_o mention_v in_o the_o salique_a and_o ripuarian_a law_n as_o assistant_n to_o the_o graffio_n or_o comes_n rachinburgii_n and_o and_o so_o call_v from_o the_o law_n the_o gryph_n weich_fw-ge sax._n c._n 64._o n._n 7._o they_o occur_v often_o in_o the_o german_a law_n saxon_a scheppen_n jubere_fw-la monere_fw-la and_o be_v assessor_n also_o with_o the_o count_n and_o sometime_o as_o officer_n under_o he_o judge_v cause_n a_o shadow_n of_o these_o we_o retain_v still_o in_o our_o word_n our_o coke_n in_o hund._n and_o county_n court_v inst_z 4_o c._n 55_o 56._o freeholders_n judge_n in_o county_n and_o hundred_o court_n note_n judgement_n give_v by_o the_o major_a and_o assessor_n in_o some_o of_o our_o corporation_n essoims_n what_o and_o whence_o that_o word_n county_n and_o hundred_o court_n where_o the_o freeholders_n sectatores_fw-la curiae_fw-la free-suitor_n be_v judge_n and_o judgement_n can_v be_v give_v in_o the_o court_n by_o the_o sheriff_n but_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o two_o three_o four_o or_o more_o of_o freeholders_n which_o be_v now_o hold_v sufficient_a to_o entitle_v they_o to_o be_v judge_n and_o the_o judgement_n there_o give_v in_o some_o also_o of_o our_o corporation_n there_o be_v assessor_n with_o the_o major_n or_o chief_a magistrate_n as_o in_o cambridge_n judgement_n be_v give_v by_o the_o major_a and_o bailiff_n which_o be_v four_o in_o number_n beside_o the_o alderman_n etc._n etc._n and_o we_o find_v in_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n in_o doomsday_n there_o be_v twelve_o judge_n of_o that_o city_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n which_o be_v the_o man_n or_o feudatary_n of_o the_o king_n bishop_n and_o earl_n scabini_fw-la of_o the_o german_n which_o be_v judge_n coadjutor_n and_o assessor_n with_o the_o come_v and_o other_o inferior_a judge_n distress_n the_o german_n cause_v appearance_n by_o summons_n and_o distress_n the_o german_n have_v two_o way_n of_o proccee_a one_o by_o summons_n which_o in_o their_o law_n be_v call_v mannitio_fw-la and_o that_o only_a in_o two_o case_n when_o the_o question_n be_v about_o a_o man_n
liberty_n or_o freedom_n as_o whether_o he_o be_v a_o freeman_n or_o not_o or_o when_o the_o controversy_n be_v concern_v a_o inheritance_n in_o all_o other_o case_n the_o earl_n or_o come_v distrain_v they_o and_o the_o proceed_n be_v by_o distress_n by_o the_o word_n distringere_fw-la in_o the_o old_a german_a law_n be_v use_v as_o in_o we_o to_o force_v man_n to_o appear_v in_o court_n or_o give_v satisfaction_n by_o take_v a_o distress_n distringas_fw-la from_o the_o come_v after_o summons_n a_o method_n use_v this_o day_n in_o many_o if_o not_o all_o of_o our_o county_n and_o hundred_o court_n in_o this_o nation_n and_o if_o after_o the_o second_o summons_n they_o appear_v not_o all_o their_o good_n be_v seize_v ll._n longob_n lib._n 2._o tit._n 43._o c._n 2.4_o ll._n boioar._n tit._n 6._o also_o qui_fw-la ad_fw-la mallum_n legibus_fw-la mannitus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la &_o non_fw-la venerit_fw-la si_fw-la eum_fw-la sunnis_fw-la contain_v sunnis_fw-la sunnis_n a_o impediment_n or_o excuse_n hence_o the_o barbarous_a latin_a exonia_n and_o the_o french_a essoin_fw-fr and_o from_o they_o it_o come_v into_o our_o law_n and_o in_o cast_v and_o plead_v essoin_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o our_o old_a law_n be_v contain_v non_fw-la detinuerit_fw-la sol_fw-la 15._o culpabilis_fw-la judicetur_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o any_o man_n according_a to_o law_n be_v summon_v to_o the_o mall_n and_o come_v not_o if_o he_o have_v no_o excuse_n or_o impediment_n he_o be_v punish_v fifteen_o shilling_n so_o the_o second_o and_o so_o the_o three_o time_n the_o four_o time_n he_o be_v in_o contempt_n and_o his_o possession_n be_v seize_v until_o he_o appear_v and_o give_v satisfaction_n in_o the_o matter_n for_o which_o he_o be_v summon_v and_o if_o he_o have_v no_o propriety_n of_o his_o own_o his_o fee_n if_o he_o have_v one_o be_v seize_v the_o first_o summons_n be_v upon_o a_o week_n notice_n the_o second_o a_o fourteenight_n the_o three_o three_o week_n and_o the_o four_o 42_o night_n or_o six_o week_n the_o summons_n be_v thus_o make_v he_o that_o summon_v another_o man_n go_v to_o his_o house_n with_o witness_n make_v how_o summons_n be_v make_v and_o summon_v he_o in_o his_o own_o person_n but_o if_o he_o find_v he_o not_o he_o give_v his_o wife_n notice_n or_o any_o of_o his_o family_n that_o they_o shall_v tell_v he_o he_o be_v summon_v which_o be_v sufficient_a ll._n salique_a tit._n 1._o §_o 3._o and_o in_o many_o other_o law_n it_o be_v probable_a the_o come_v make_v his_o summons_n by_o a_o writ_n or_o short_a writing_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o citation_n a_o form_n of_o which_o be_v extant_a in_o marculph_n formulae_fw-la n._n 116._o as_o to_o the_o english_a saxon_n mr._n lambard_n 65._o lambard_n arch._n p._n 64_o 65._o think_v their_o proceed_n in_o judgement_n be_v the_o plano_fw-la and_o without_o solemnity_n they_o use_v for_o aught_o he_o can_v observe_v not_o to_o call_v the_o party_n by_o writ_n or_o writing_n but_o send_v for_o they_o by_o certain_a messenger_n or_o minister_n such_o as_o we_o from_o the_o norman_n call_v sergeant_n from_o the_o latin_a serviens_fw-la a_o servant_n and_o if_o they_o do_v use_v any_o writ_n it_o be_v strange_a the_o form_n of_o some_o of_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v find_v in_o the_o leiger_n or_o book_n of_o some_o of_o our_o old_a monastery_n or_o in_o some_o of_o our_o old_a historian_n yet_o one_o there_o be_v in_o spelm._n gloss_n cite_v out_o of_o the_o book_n of_o ramsey_n in_o hardy-cnute's_a time_n about_o 1041._o a_o possessionary_a writ_n to_o the_o burgher_n of_o thetford_n by_o which_o he_o will_v and_o command_v that_o aethelstane_n abbot_n of_o ramesey_n shall_v have_v his_o house_n or_o farm_n in_o thetford_n in_o norfolk_n as_o full_o and_o free_o etc._n etc._n but_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o late_a date_n and_o make_v after_o the_o norman_a mode_n by_o the_o stile_n of_o it_o and_o put_v in_o here_o to_o secure_v the_o title_n though_o we_o have_v no_o clear_a example_n of_o the_o process_n and_o judgement_n here_o in_o the_o english_a saxon_a time_n yet_o we_o find_v some_o very_a ancient_a among_o the_o german_n by_o which_o we_o may_v receive_v some_o light_n perhaps_o how_o they_o proceed_v in_o this_o nation_n germany_n nation_n appendix_n the_o form_n of_o a_o judgement_n in_o old_a germany_n one_o hrothelm_n come_v to_o the_o public_a mall_n for_o the_o hear_n of_o all_o cause_n hold_v by_o humfrid_n earl_n of_o rhaetia_n in_o his_o court_n in_o the_o field_n the_o seven_o year_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a anno_fw-la dom._n 807._o or_o there_o about_o complain_v to_o the_o come_v and_o claim_v a_o house_n unjust_o withhold_v from_o he_o the_o earl_n call_v together_o the_o witness_n which_o be_v of_o the_o very_a country_n where_o the_o house_n be_v and_o charge_v they_o upon_o their_o oath_n that_o they_o shall_v speak_v the_o truth_n what_o they_o know_v in_o that_o cause_n and_o they_o say_v they_o know_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o house_n and_o the_o ground_n that_o one_o mado_n have_v border_v upon_o it_o and_o they_o set_v out_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o house_n and_o land_n what_o belong_v to_o hrothelm_v and_o what_o to_o mado_n than_o he_o command_v they_o to_o go_v upon_o the_o place_n and_o show_v the_o bound_n which_o they_o do_v and_o fix_v the_o bound_n between_o the_o two_o dwelling_n as_o they_o have_v say_v and_o the_o earl_n direct_v many_o noble_n there_o present_a to_o go_v with_o they_o this_o be_v do_v the_o come_v ask_v the_o scabin_n what_o they_o will_v judge_v in_o that_o cause_n and_o they_o say_v according_a to_o the_o testimony_n of_o those_o man_n and_o his_o inquisition_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_o these_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o witness_n or_o juror_n valeriano_n burgolfo_n vrsone_n stefano_n majornio_n valerio_n leontio_n victore_fw-la maurestone_n frontiano_n florentio_n siptone_n valentiano_n quintello_n stradaris_n these_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o scabin_n flavino_n orcisino_n odmaro_n alexandro_n eusebio_n maurentio_n and_o very_o many_o other_o append_v n._n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5._o in_o append_v see_v the_o judgement_n its_o self_n in_o barbarous_a provincial_a latin_n and_o that_o these_o testes_fw-la be_v the_o same_o we_o call_v juror_n or_o juryman_n be_v evident_a from_o the_o law_n of_o the_o longob_n lib._n 2._o tit._n 51._o de_fw-la testibus_fw-la the_o best_a person_n in_o every_o territory_n or_o city_n against_o which_o there_o be_v no_o crime_n be_v testes_fw-la and_o juror_n the_o same_o in_o pago_fw-la vel_fw-la civitate_fw-la what_o sort_n of_o man_n the_o testes_fw-la be_v to_o be_v be_v to_o be_v witness_n c._n 3._o the_o come_v or_o judge_n be_v to_o admit_v none_o of_o ill_a fame_n in_o their_o country_n to_o be_v witness_n c._n 7._o witness_n not_o to_o be_v of_o any_o other_o county_n nisi_fw-la de_fw-fr illo_fw-la comitatu_fw-la where_o the_o thing_n in_o controversy_n be_v because_o it_o be_v presume_v none_o can_v know_v better_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o a_o man_n whether_o free_a or_o a_o slave_n or_o the_o possession_n of_o any_o man_n better_a than_o their_o neighbour_n such_o as_o be_v near_a they_o c._n 11._o such_o freeman_n only_o as_o have_v a_o propriety_n of_o their_o own_o be_v admit_v to_o be_v witness_n and_o not_o tenant_n or_o such_o as_o reside_v upon_o their_o lord_n land_n and_o have_v no_o propriety_n of_o their_o own_o yet_o such_o may_v be_v conjurator_n of_o other_o freeman_n because_o they_o be_v freeman_n c._n 15._o capit._fw-la car._n &_o ludou._n lib._n 5._o c._n 150._o now_o let_v any_o man_n consider_v these_o qualification_n of_o their_o witness_n and_o he_o must_v think_v they_o the_o same_o with_o our_o ancient_a juror_n or_o juryman_n in_o england_n for_o witness_n in_o private_a cause_n between_o man_n and_o man_n can_v not_o be_v capable_a of_o these_o circumstance_n and_o that_o in_o all_o probability_n juror_n be_v use_v all_o old_a germany_n over_o before_o we_o have_v they_o here_o and_o also_o that_o the_o twelve_o thanes_z mention_v in_o king_n edgar_n law_n be_v scabin_n inferior_a judge_n and_o assessor_n with_o the_o alderman_n and_o not_o juror_n somewhat_o like_o our_o justice_n of_o peace_n at_o our_o assize_n before_o the_o conquest_n and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o make_v the_o survey_n on_o doomesday-book_n the_o juror_n here_o be_v also_o call_v witness_n ll._n canut_n polit_fw-la c._n 76._o he_o that_o have_v defend_v or_o secure_v his_o land_n by_o the_o testimony_n or_o witness_n of_o the_o county_n be_v scire_fw-la gewitness_n and_o in_o doomsday_n the_o verdict_n of_o the_o jury_n be_v often_o call_v the_o testimony_n or_o witness_n of_o the_o county_n or_o hundred_o clamores_fw-la de_fw-la eurwicscire_fw-la north_n trede_n homines_fw-la qui_fw-la
juraverunt_fw-la testantur_fw-la quod_fw-la terr_n haward_n in_o eurwicscire_fw-la tenuit_fw-la ws._n mallet_n etc._n etc._n de_fw-fr omni_fw-la terrâ_fw-la asae_n testantur_fw-la quod_fw-la roberti_n mallet_n debet_fw-la esse_fw-la clamores_fw-la in_o north_n tredinge_v lincolniae_fw-la testatur_fw-la wapentach_n &_o totus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la quod_fw-la episcopus_fw-la dunelm_n debet_fw-la habere_fw-la etc._n etc._n norff._n terra_fw-la sanctae_fw-la aldred_n hundr_n &_o dimid_n de_fw-fr clatsclosa_fw-la in_o photesthorpâ_fw-la sed_fw-la totus_fw-la hundredus_fw-la testatur_fw-la eam_fw-la fuisse_fw-la t._n e._n r._n ad_fw-la sanctam_fw-la adeldred_n hantescire_fw-la andov_n hundr_n in_o and._n hoc_fw-la testatur_fw-la hundr_n so_o in_o doomsday_n ever_o where_o the_o hundred_o witness_v or_o testify_v this_o the_o wapentach_n witness_v or_o testify_v this_o or_o the_o county_n witness_v or_o testify_v this_o or_o that_o which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o juries_n or_o man_n of_o the_o hundred_o or_o county_n that_o be_v summon_v swear_v and_o give_v in_o before_o the_o commissioner_n that_o take_v they_o the_o particular_n of_o the_o survey_n and_o of_o such_o indeed_o witness_n do_v our_o jury_n consist_v sometime_o after_o the_o conquest_n for_o in_o glanvills_n time_n 17._o time_n glanv_n l._n 2._o c._n 17._o none_o be_v admit_v to_o be_v of_o a_o jury_n that_o know_v not_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o question_n and_o by_o their_o own_o proper_a view_n or_o sight_n and_o hear_v have_v have_v knowledge_n of_o it_o few_o law_n in_o these_o elder_a time_n possession_n few_o law_n in_o elder_a time_n about_o land_n and_o possession_n concern_v land_n either_o here_o or_o in_o germany_n as_o i_o note_v before_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v that_o most_o part_n of_o the_o land_n be_v then_o beneficia_fw-la or_o fee_n hold_v in_o military-service_n they_o be_v hold_v and_o govern_v by_o such_o custom_n and_o unwritten_a law_n as_o be_v not_o any_o where_o publish_v except_o in_o one_o or_o two_o fragment_n and_o all_o other_o right_n concern_v they_o be_v only_o handle_v in_o their_o lord_n private_a court_n above_o all_o these_o court_n the_o king_n have_v his_o court_n ll._n edgar_n human_a c._n 2._o ll._n polit_fw-la canut_n c._n 16._o where_o no_o man_n may_v appeal_v unless_o he_o can_v not_o have_v justice_n do_v he_o in_o the_o hundred_o or_o county_n and_o then_o it_o be_v to_o he_o both_o a_o court_n of_o law_n and_o equity_n where_n a_o appeal_n to_o the_o king_n court_n when_o justice_n can_v not_o be_v do_v other_o where_n if_o he_o can_v not_o have_v right_a at_o home_n or_o if_o that_o right_o be_v too_o heavy_a for_o he_o then_o let_v he_o seek_v to_o the_o king_n for_o ease_n to_o the_o king_n himself_o that_o he_o may_v have_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n mitigate_v by_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o same_o law_n and_o the_o same_o court_n and_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v among_o the_o old_a german_n capit._fw-la car._n lib._n 5._o c._n 14._o &_o c._n 141._o 2._o chart_n and_o donation_n sign_v in_o public_a mall_n and_o convention_n see_v chirographum_fw-la testamentum_fw-la chartae_fw-la pariculae_fw-la vel_fw-la pariles_fw-la chartae_fw-la indentatae_fw-la indentuâ—ae_fw-la in_o use_n in_o old_a germany_n and_o old_a france_n before_o know_v in_o england_n mabâ—llon_n dear_a diplomatica_fw-la lib._n 1._o c._n 2._o in_o their_o public_a mall_n their_o chart_n of_o the_o sales_n of_o their_o estate_n donation_n and_o tradition_n so_o they_o call_v some_o donation_n and_o sales_n to_o religious_a house_n and_o monastery_n be_v confirm_v see_v chartae_fw-la antiquae_fw-la in_o antiquitat_fw-la alaman_fw-mi tom._n secundo_fw-la parte_fw-la prima_fw-la &_o antiquitates_fw-la fuldenses_n lib._n 1._o where_o be_v many_o instance_n to_o be_v find_v among_o those_o charter_n and_o tradition_n or_o as_o we_o may_v call_v they_o deed_n and_o conveyance_n see_v vadianus_n tom._n 3._o fol._n 44_o 71._o antiqu._n alaman_n by_o godalst_a who_o say_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o come_v be_v require_v to_o all_o donation_n to_o monastery_n lest_o such_o land_n may_v be_v give_v they_o as_o pay_v rent_n to_o the_o prince_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v his_o revenue_n may_v be_v injure_v and_o conveyance_n of_o land_n in_o our_o english_a saxon_n time_n hundred_o time_n summoner_n gaves_n p._n 87._o conveyance_n of_o land_n enter_v in_o the_o shire-book_n they_o also_o and_o mortgage_n record_v in_o the_o hundred_o be_v enter_v in_o the_o shire-book_n or_o record_v in_o the_o hundred_o perhaps_o for_o the_o better_a security_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o their_o mortgage_n likewise_o or_o how_o shall_v the_o hundred_o or_o county_n present_a before_o the_o commissioner_n for_o make_v the_o conqueror_n survey_v that_o such_o and_o such_o land_n be_v mortgage_v and_o the_o sum_n for_o which_o they_o be_v engage_v terra_fw-la invadiata_fw-la with_o the_o sum_n for_o how_o much_o and_o to_o who_o express_v which_o i_o have_v see_v in_o doomsday_n more_o than_o once_o but_o do_v not_o remember_v the_o place_n and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o here_o after_o the_o conquest_n it_o not_o only_o appear_v by_o what_o bracton_n say_v fol._n 38._o n._n 12._o but_o it_o be_v evident_a also_o from_o the_o witness_n to_o our_o ancient_a deed_n which_o be_v common_o the_o best_a man_n in_o the_o country_n and_o live_v in_o divers_a town_n and_o place_n somewhat_o remote_a as_o john_n of_o such_o a_o town_n thomas_n of_o another_o and_z richard_z of_o a_o three_o etc._n etc._n who_o it_o be_v probable_a do_v not_o meet_v to_o be_v witness_n to_o a_o conveyance_n of_o a_o acre_n or_o two_o or_o some_o small_a parcel_n of_o land_n but_o they_o be_v suitor_n to_o the_o county_n or_o hundred_o court_n and_o bind_v to_o attendance_n there_o those_o deed_n or_o chart_n be_v bring_v thither_o and_o witness_v in_o open_a court_n as_o there_o be_v a_o agreeableness_n in_o their_o law_n and_o court_n officer_n the_o german_a judge_n and_o officer_n like_v to_o the_o english_a saxon_a officer_n so_o be_v there_o a_o likeness_n in_o their_o judge_n and_o chief_a officer_n come_v in_o the_o latin_a version_n of_o the_o german_a law_n and_o aldermannus_n in_o the_o english_a saxon_n be_v the_o general_a word_n by_o which_o they_o express_v their_o judge_n or_o at_o least_o those_o which_o be_v count_n and_o alderman_n be_v also_o judge_n and_o under_o one_o name_n execute_v two_o office_n one_o of_o a_o governor_n of_o a_o county_n shire_n or_o province_n the_o other_o of_o a_o judge_n of_o the_o same_o our_o old_a latin_a historian_n translate_v the_o saxon_a ealderman_n by_o regulus_n subregulus_fw-la patricius_n princeps_fw-la dux_n comes_n and_o consul_n and_o it_o be_v express_v by_o every_o of_o these_o latin_a word_n according_a to_o the_o way_n of_o those_o time_n seld._n tit._n hon._n fol._n 502._o officer_n aldermannus_n a_o general_a word_n for_o many_o officer_n the_o shirereve_n or_o earl_n be_v call_v aldermannus_n comitatus_fw-la the_o chief_a magistrate_n of_o a_o city_n chief_a officer_n of_o a_o burg_n or_o town_n and_o the_o constable_n of_o a_o castle_n or_o castellan_n be_v call_v aldermannus_n civitatis_fw-la burgi_n vel_fw-la castelli_n and_o the_o centenary_n hundredary_n or_o chief_a officer_n of_o the_o hundred_o or_o wapentach_n be_v call_v aldermannus_n hundredi_n sive_fw-la wapentachii_fw-la spelm._n glossar_n in_o verb._n aldermannus_n this_o word_n in_o its_o signification_n import_v no_o more_o than_o senior_n or_o elder_n or_o as_o it_o be_v corrupt_v in_o the_o provincial_a latin_a signior_n or_o signior_n which_o in_o the_o verb._n the_o hottom_n in_o verb._n feudal_n law_n signify_v lord_n or_o patron_n who_o have_v his_o feudatary_n or_o vassal_n which_o be_v oblige_v to_o he_o by_o the_o donation_n or_o tenure_n of_o fe_n and_o it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a that_o see_v most_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o nobility_n and_o man_n of_o power_n be_v express_v by_o this_o word_n ealderman_n in_o the_o saxon_a time_n that_o it_o be_v much_o use_v here_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n that_o signior_n be_v in_o italy_n germany_n and_o the_o roman_a province_n for_o a_o lord_n or_o patron_n and_o sometime_o for_o a_o great_a or_o royal_a vassal_n which_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n or_o emperor_n sometime_o for_o such_o other_o vassal_n though_o not_o of_o the_o mean_a rank_n that_o hold_v of_o they_o and_o sometime_o for_o mere_a ministerial_a officer_n which_o late_a by_o our_o saxon_n be_v often_o call_v thegn_n or_o thanes_z and_o by_o those_o name_n what_o thegn_n or_o thane_n what_o and_o in_o the_o latin_a version_n of_o they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o minister_n they_o be_v often_o find_v in_o the_o subscription_n of_o ancient_a charter_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n after_o the_o principes_fw-la deuce_n and_o comites_fw-la the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v the_o king_n personal_n king_n selâ—_n tit._n hon._n 〈◊〉_d 507_o
land_n that_o come_v to_o they_o or_o pass_v by_o write_v or_o perhaps_o as_o we_o now_o call_v it_o deed_n from_o their_o ancestor_n can_v not_o sell_v or_o alien_n it_o from_o their_o heir_n and_o that_o for_o vouch_v of_o thing_n sell_v etc._n etc._n no_o man_n horse_n or_o ox_n can_v be_v buy_v or_o sell_v without_o a_o voucher_n alfred_n foed_n alured_n &_o guthrum_n ibid._n fol._n 36._o hundred_o and_o tithing_n erect_v by_o alfred_n that_o be_v one_o then_o that_o shall_v take_v upon_o he_o to_o make_v good_a the_o sale_n and_o thing_n sell_v according_a to_o the_o bargain_n .._o this_o king_n according_a to_o ingulph_n first_o divide_v the_o province_n into_o into_o without_o doubt_n as_o to_o this_o part_n of_o the_o division_n 284._o de_fw-fr gestis_fw-la aelfâ—ed_fw-la fol._n 284._o ingulph_n be_v mistake_v for_o asser_n who_o live_v in_o aelfred_n time_n mention_n osric_z earl_n of_o hamshire_n and_o ethelwolph_n earl_n of_o bark-shire_n under_o ethelbert_n and_o eanwulf_n earl_n of_o somersetshire_n under_o his_o father_n ethelwolph_n there_o be_v also_o mention_v as_o witness_n to_o a_o charter_n of_o king_n ethelbald_n a._n d._n 716._o cite_v by_o ingulphus_n egga_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n and_o lencitus_n earl_n of_o leicester_n a._n histor_n croyland_n fol._n 485._o a._n therefore_o such_o division_n be_v before_o nevertheless_o it_o be_v most_o probable_a the_o partition_n of_o county_n into_o hundred_o and_o tithing_n be_v make_v in_o his_o time_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o notice_n county_n those_o into_o hundred_o and_o those_o again_o into_o decime_n or_o tithing_n that_o every_o english_a man_n live_v under_o law_n shall_v be_v within_o some_o hundred_o or_o tithing_n 886._o edward_n the_o elder_a a._n d._n 886._o of_o this_o see_v more_o in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o history_n he_o make_v also_o a_o survey_n of_o all_o the_o county_n hundred_o and_o tithing_n throughout_o england_n and_o the_o roll_n thereof_o be_v call_v the_o roll_n of_o winchester_n b._n all_o county_n survey_v by_o alfred_n in_o his_o history_n fol._n 516._o b._n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o west-saxon_a kingdom_n because_o it_o be_v keep_v then_o out_o of_o this_o roll_n and_o that_o afterward_o make_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n in_o imitation_n of_o it_o but_o more_o exact_a ingulphus_n take_v out_o the_o particular_n of_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n belong_v to_o croyland_n abbey_n edward_n his_o son_n call_v the_o elder_a mercia_n edward_n the_o elder_a a._n d._n 900._o sax._n an._n 901._o disturb_a by_o ethelwald_n ibid._n 905._o who_o fly_v to_o the_o dane_n in_o northumberland_n and_o persuade_v they_o to_o invade_v mercia_n because_o the_o first_o succeed_v aelfr_v less_o learned_a but_o more_o potent_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o receive_v some_o disturbance_n from_o the_o pretence_n of_o ethelwald_n his_o uncle_n son_n to_o the_o kingdom_n who_o not_o be_v able_a to_o make_v good_a his_o cause_n flee_v to_o the_o dane_n in_o northumberland_n and_o prevail_v with_o they_o to_o invade_v mercia_n where_o edward_n march_v upon_o they_o force_v their_o army_n to_o retreat_n and_o waste_v all_o the_o country_n between_o the_o ouse_n the_o this_o be_v that_o ditch_n which_o be_v call_v divels-ditch_n upon_o new-market-heath_n and_o the_o country_n here_o mention_v be_v all_o that_o between_o this_o ditch_n huntingdon_n st._n neot_n bedford_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o river_n ouse_n ditch_n and_o ouse_n even_o to_o the_o north_n fen_n and_o not_o long_o after_o both_o army_n join_v battle_n and_o fight_v with_o great_a loss_n and_o slaughter_n on_o both_o side_n duke_n sigulf_n earl_n sigelm_n eadwold_n the_o king_n thane_n cenwulf_n the_o abbot_n with_o many_o common_a man_n dane_n a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o saxon_n and_o dane_n be_v slay_v on_o the_o saxon_n part_n on_o the_o dane_n part_v their_o king_n eohric_n the_o seditious_a ethelwold_n brihtsigerus_n isop_n general_n isop_n hold_v be_v a_o danish_a word_n and_o signify_v a_o fieldmarshal_n knight-marshal_n or_o general_n hold_v osketel_v hold_v with_o very_a many_o other_o commander_n and_o common_a soldier_n yet_o by_o the_o story_n the_o dane_n seem_v to_o have_v keep_v the_o field_n what_o the_o event_n of_o battle_n be_v appear_v not_o 907._o ibid._n 907._o however_o two_o year_n after_o edward_n make_v peace_n with_o the_o dane_n the_o east-angle_n and_o northumbrian_n which_o be_v now_o one_o nation_n with_o they_o not_o long_o after_o the_o dane_n break_v the_o peace_n 1._o ibid._n 9_o 1._o and_o waste_v his_o country_n to_o who_o he_o give_v battle_n overthrow_v they_o beat_v the_o dane_n beat_v and_o kill_v their_o king_n ecwils_fw-mi pursue_v this_o victory_n and_o march_v for_o several_a year_n up_o and_o down_o into_o all_o part_n of_o his_o country_n he_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o sister_n elsted_n countess_n queen_n of_o mercia_n every_o where_o expel_v the_o dane_n they_o malm_n de_fw-fr gestis_fw-la reg_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 5._o ingulph_n hist_o fol._n 595._o b._n edward_n repair_v his_o town_n and_o fortress_n and_o place_n strong_a garrison_n in_o they_o and_o either_o build_v and_o erect_v new_a town_n and_o fortress_n in_o all_o convenient_a place_n or_o repair_v the_o old_a and_o place_v strong_a garrison_n in_o they_o especial_o towards_o the_o frontier_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o check_v the_o insolency_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o hinder_v their_o excursion_n their_o place_n of_o safety_n and_o retreat_n add_v such_o courage_n to_o the_o countryman_n that_o whereas_o before_o they_o flee_v from_o the_o dane_n now_o they_o outbraved_n and_o contemn_v they_o these_o thing_n raise_v he_o to_o such_o a_o reputation_n that_o after_o the_o accession_n of_o mercia_n to_o his_o former_a territory_n which_o he_o take_v into_o his_o own_o hand_n after_o his_o sister_n death_n howel_n cledanc_n and_o jeothwell_n king_n of_o the_o south-britains_n the_o these_o be_v those_o that_o inhabit_v that_o which_o be_v now_o call_v wales_n who_o be_v call_v north-britains_n in_o respect_n of_o those_o which_o inhabit_v cornwall_n who_o be_v call_v south-britains_n north-britains_n and_o the_o whole_a nation_n submit_v who_o saxon_a annal_n a._n d._n 922._o the_o north-britains_n or_o welsh_n submit_v ibid._n a.d._n 924._o and_o the_o scots_a dane_n and_o northumber_n divels-ditch_n hold_v what_o and_o who_o north-britains_n who_o and_o desire_v he_o for_o their_o lord_n and_o master_n as_o do_v also_o not_o long_o after_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n and_o all_o his_o nation_n the_o northumbrian_n the_o english_a and_o dane_n and_o other_o northern_a people_n 924._o athelstan_n a._n d._n 924._o with_o the_o king_n of_o of_o 156._o straecled_a welsh_a who_o de_fw-fr â—cb_n scot._n l._n 6._o p._n 175_o 156._o britain_n which_o at_o that_o time_n inhabit_v calloway_n in_o scotland_n buchanan_n confess_v that_o the_o english_a army_n be_v far_o inferior_a to_o the_o dane_n and_o the_o force_n with_o which_o the_o scot_n assist_v they_o yet_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o aethestan_n who_o be_v edward_n general_n they_o obtain_v a_o great_a victory_n and_o take_v from_o the_o scots_a cumberland_n and_o westmoreland_n and_o from_o the_o dane_n northumberland_n but_o he_o will_v not_o acknowledge_v the_o submission_n of_o scotland_n straecled_a wales_n and_o his_o people_n straecle_v straecle_v this_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o wise_a man_n make_v several_a law_n and_o confirm_v the_o league_n his_o father_n aelfrid_n make_v with_o godrun_n or_o guthrun_n 829._o he_o confirm_v the_o league_n alfrid_n make_v with_o guthrun_n lamb._n inter_fw-la ll._n edward_n sen._n he_o make_v many_o ecclesiastic_a law_n col_fw-fr 829._o by_o agreement_n of_o the_o great_a man_n on_o both_o side_n and_o among_o other_o article_n of_o the_o league_n they_o enact_v many_o law_n mere_o ecclesiastic_a which_o be_v repute_v as_o part_v of_o it_o these_o ecclesiastic_a law_n be_v print_v in_o brompton_n among_o aelfrid_n law_n as_o be_v make_v then_o and_o be_v more_o perfect_a than_o in_o lambard_n and_o with_o other_o there_o be_v law_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o tithe_n peterpence_n candle-money_n etc._n etc._n edward_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 924._o be_v bury_v with_o his_o father_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o winchester_n 6._o athelstan_n lib._n 2._o the_o gest_n â—eg_v c._n 6._o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n edward_n his_o elder_a son_n athelstan_n by_o a_o concubine_n as_o it_o be_v report_v say_v malmsbury_n be_v crown_v at_o kingston_n upon_o thames_n by_o athelmus_fw-la archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n the_o beginning_n of_o who_o reign_n be_v disturb_v by_o the_o sedition_n of_o alfrid_n a_o nobleman_n death_n a._n d._n 924._o perjury_n punish_v with_o sudden_a death_n who_o be_v apprehend_v and_o send_v to_o rome_n to_o purge_v himself_o deny_v the_o fact_n upon_o oath_n fall_v down_o sudden_o and_o within_o three_o day_n
bachervill_n bellomont_n or_o beaumond_n etc._n etc._n de_fw-fr vetulis_n waste_v it_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n who_o son_n roger_n the_o bellomonte_a or_o beaumond_n encounter_v he_o with_o what_o force_v he_o can_v raise_v kill_v he_o be_v overthrow_v and_o his_o two_o son_n kill_v rout_v his_o force_n and_o slay_v he_o and_o his_o two_o son_n helbert_n and_o elinantius_n b._n elinantius_n gul._n piâ—av_n f._n 179._o d._n 180._o a._n b._n after_o he_o he_o he_o be_v contantin_n be_v gemet_v lib._n 5._o c._n 13._o guy_n earl_n of_o vernon_z who_o constantin_n le_fw-fr contantin_n son_n to_o raynald_n earl_n of_o burgundy_n by_z alice_z daughter_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o duke_n of_o normandy_n guy_n earl_n of_o vernon_n and_o brion_n pretend_v to_o the_o title_n of_o the_o dukedom_n who_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o nigel_n governor_n of_o constantin_n or_o the_o territory_n of_o of_o that_o part_n of_o normandy_n be_v like_o a_o peninsula_n be_v environ_v with_o the_o sea_n west_n and_o north_n and_o bound_v with_o the_o river_n vire_n east_n 156._o east_n vale_n not_o gaff_n fol._n 156._o le_fw-fr constantin_n or_o contantin_n so_o call_v from_o the_o chief_a town_n or_o city_n thereof_o constance_n baiocassin_n constance_n ibidem_fw-la fol._n 73.4_o le_fw-fr bessin_n baiocassin_n le_fw-fr bessin_n or_o baiocassin_n so_o call_v from_o the_o chief_a city_n thereof_o bayeux_n be_v that_o part_n of_o normandy_n bound_v with_o the_o river_n dive_v east_n and_o vire_n west_n and_o with_o the_o british_a sea_n north._n constance_n raynulph_n viscount_n of_o bayeux_n or_o bessin_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o normandy_n resolve_v to_o try_v it_o by_o his_o sword_n and_o be_v overcome_v at_o valoignes_n from_o whence_o he_o flee_v to_o brion_n a_o strong_a town_n beat_v guy_n beat_v where_o william_n besiege_v he_o and_o be_v almost_o starve_v he_o employ_v mediator_n for_o mercy_n which_o be_v grant_v it_o ask_v pardon_n and_o recive_v it_o and_o the_o duke_n be_v possess_v of_o his_o castle_n permit_v he_o to_o remain_v in_o his_o court_n and_o pardon_v his_o abettor_n and_o follower_n these_o cloud_n blow_v over_o william_n receive_v a_o great_a trouble_n from_o galfrid_n d._n galfrid_n ibidem_fw-la fol._n 181._o d._n martel_n earl_n of_o anjou_n who_o have_v subdue_v tedbald_a earl_n of_o tours_n and_o take_v that_o city_n from_o he_o and_o seize_v poictou_n eject_v earl_n william_n usurp_v also_o damfront_v and_o alencon_n 183._o galfrid_n martel_n seize_v damfront_v and_o alencon_n they_o be_v retake_v ibidem_fw-la fol._n 182_o 183._o member_n of_o normandy_n the_o duke_n after_o have_v give_v he_o a_o diversion_n by_o march_v into_o anjou_n besieges_fw-fr alencon_n and_o take_v it_o martel_n be_v come_v very_o near_o to_o relieve_v it_o but_o hear_v it_o be_v yield_v strike_v with_o a_o sudden_a fear_n he_o flee_v with_o his_o army_n and_o damfront_v submit_v to_o the_o duke_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o come_v before_o it_o b._n it_o ib._n 184._o b._n after_o these_o these_o he_o 1._o he_o gul._n pictav_n fol_z 1._o be_v son_n to_o richard_n the_o second_o duke_n of_o normandy_n brother_n to_o richard_n the_o three_o and_o uncle_n to_o william_n william_n de_fw-mi archis_z or_o earl_n of_o diepe_a of_o now_o arques_n near_o the_o town_n of_o diepe_a arch_n not_o be_v forewarn_v or_o restrain_v by_o the_o ruin_n of_o guy_n or_o overthrow_v of_o martel_n arm_n against_o william_n fortify_v and_o man_n his_o castle_n of_o arch_n against_o he_o ambush_n he_o ib._n 18._o c._n henry_n king_n of_o france_n come_v to_o his_o relief_n and_o his_o army_n intercept_v by_o ambush_n to_o who_o relief_n henry_n king_n of_o france_n come_v with_o a_o great_a army_n castle_n william_n de_fw-fr archis_z arm_n against_o the_o duke_n fortify_v his_o castle_n which_o be_v intercept_v by_o a_o ambush_n the_o earl_n of_o ponthieu_n and_o many_o man_n of_o note_n kill_v and_o hugo_n bardulf_n take_v prisoner_n the_o king_n of_o france_n then_o consider_v what_o he_o have_v favour_n have_v ibid._n d._n his_o castle_n be_v take_v and_o earl_n william_n take_v into_o favour_n do_v repent_v he_o have_v abet_v the_o earl_n of_o arch_n and_o march_v back_o the_o castle_n then_o reduce_v to_o miserable_a strait_n and_o the_o defendant_n even_o starve_v supplicate_v to_o yield_v save_v only_o their_o life_n which_o be_v grant_v and_o he_o do_v not_o only_o give_v his_o uncle_n the_o favour_n of_o stay_v in_o his_o country_n but_o also_o give_v he_o large_a ibidem_fw-la large_a ibidem_fw-la 186._o a._n ibidem_fw-la possession_n and_o rent_n use_v he_o more_o like_o a_o friend_n than_o enemy_n many_o also_o deserter_n in_o this_o juncture_n go_v over_o to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o the_o duke_n receive_v again_o into_o favour_n these_o william_n these_o ibid._n b._n the_o king_n and_o prince_n of_o france_n confederate_a against_o william_n success_n raise_v envy_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o the_o other_o prince_n of_o that_o nation_n with_o suspicion_n of_o his_o greatness_n the_o roman_a emperor_n assist_v and_o be_v in_o league_n with_o he_o so_o that_o tedbald_a earl_n of_o tours_n the_o earl_n of_o poictou_n galfrid_n martell_n earl_n of_o anjou_n and_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o burgundy_n avergn_n aquitain_n and_o gascoign_n confederate_a with_o the_o king_n against_o he_o and_o raise_v two_o mighty_a army_n design_v to_o destroy_v his_o whole_a country_n whereof_o one_o under_o the_o command_n of_o odo_n the_o king_n brother_n and_o his_o most_o familiar_a friend_n rainold_n enter_v the_o country_n of_o caux_n the_o other_o command_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o enter_v the_o east_n part_n of_o normandy_n and_o proceed_v towards_o eurux_n and_o rouen_n fly_v they_o be_v beat_v and_o fly_v the_o duke_n likewise_o divide_v his_o army_n the_o better_a to_o encounter_v his_o enemy_n into_o two_o part_n and_o head_n that_o himself_o which_o oppose_v the_o king_n b._n king_n ib._n 187._o b._n the_o other_o under_o the_o command_n of_o of_o 20._o of_o ib._n 195._o gemet_fw-la c._n 20._o he_o be_v son_n or_o grandchild_n to_o william_n earl_n of_o ou_fw-fr who_o be_v natural_a son_n of_o richard_n the_o first_o duke_n of_o normandy_n and_o be_v make_v earl_n of_o ou_fw-fr by_o richard_n the_o second_o his_o half_a brother_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n robert_n earl_n of_o ou_fw-fr or_o ewe_n hugh_n gornay_n gornay_n 37._o gornay_n ib._n lib._n 8._o c._n 37._o he_o be_v son_n of_o thurstan_n de_fw-fr bastenburgh_n hugh_n montfort_n walter_n giffard_n crepon_n giffard_n the_o same_o with_o william_n fitz-osbern_n the_o son_n of_o osbern_n crispin_n or_o crepon_n william_n crispin_n and_o other_o valiant_a officer_n sudden_o set_v upon_o the_o army_n at_o mortimer_n in_o caux_n mortuum_fw-la apud_fw-la mare_fw-la mortuum_fw-la put_v they_o to_o flight_n and_o take_v many_o prisoner_n *_o *_o the_o king_n hear_v of_o this_o victory_n flee_v also_o in_o great_a haste_n out_o of_o normandy_n *_o *_o and_o conclude_v a_o peace_n upon_o these_o condition_n c._n ibidem_fw-la c._n that_o the_o prisoner_n take_v in_o the_o battle_n shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o the_o king_n and_o that_o by_o his_o consent_n and_o gift_n the_o duke_n shall_v for_o ever_o enjoy_v as_o his_o own_o whatsoever_o he_o have_v or_o can_v take_v from_o geoffry_n martel_n earl_n of_o anjou_n ibidem_fw-la ibidem_fw-la and_o he_o present_o direct_v his_o chief_a commander_n to_o build_v a_o fortress_n at_o hambrieres_n in_o anjou_n which_o a._n which_o ibidem_fw-la 188._o a._n martel_n by_o the_o help_n of_o william_n earl_n of_o poictou_n and_o eudo_fw-la earl_n of_o britain_n besiege_v and_o assault_v but_o so_o soon_o as_o william_n approach_v to_o relieve_v it_o they_o flee_v soon_o after_o the_o again_o the_o guil._n pict_n 1â—8_n b.c._n the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o martel_n enter_v normandy_n again_o king_n of_o france_n break_v the_o peace_n enter_v normandy_n again_o with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o who_o geoffry_n martel_n join_v what_o force_v he_o can_v raise_v and_o by_o quick_a march_n come_v through_o the_o country_n now_o call_v comitatum_fw-la call_v per_fw-la oximâ—nsem_fw-la comitatum_fw-la hyesme_n to_o the_o river_n dive_v destroy_v all_o that_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n to_o the_o sea_n coast_n none_o resist_v none_o pursue_v they_o but_o while_o they_o be_v pass_v that_o river_n the_o king_n with_o part_n of_o the_o army_n be_v over_o the_o duke_n come_v sudden_o upon_o they_o with_o a_o fly_a army_n and_o cut_v off_o almost_o all_o those_o which_o be_v on_o that_o side_n the_o river_n towards_o he_o fly_v they_o be_v beat_v and_o fly_v or_o force_v they_o into_o it_o and_o drown_v they_o the_o king_n look_v on_o but_o not_o able_a to_o help_v they_o who_o with_o the_o earl_n of_o anjou_n in_o all_o speed_n flee_v once_o more_o out_o of_o
flor._n wigorn._n f._n 673._o several_a town_n and_o castle_n revolt_v to_o the_o empress_n milo_n to_o who_o he_o have_v in_o the_o life_n of_o king_n henry_n commit_v the_o custody_n of_o that_o castle_n have_v do_v homage_n and_o swear_v fealty_n to_o he_o for_o it_o when_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o empress_n in_o england_n be_v certain_o know_v several_a town_n castle_n and_o man_n of_o note_n revolt_v and_o do_v homage_n to_o she_o as_o their_o queen_n after_o her_o come_n to_o bristol_n castle_n bristol_n malmsb._n f._n 104._o a._n n._n 40_o 50._o hen._n hunt_n f._n 22â—_n a._n n._n 50_o chron._n norm_a f._n 977._o a._n b._n shrewsbury_n town_n and_o castle_n take_v some_o of_o the_o defendant_n hang_v the_o governor_n of_o dover_n affright_v with_o that_o example_n yield_v the_o castle_n geoffrey_n talbot_n with_o the_o city_n of_o hereford_n declare_v for_o she_o paganell_n and_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o ludlowe_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o wales_n william_n moiun_n and_o dunster_n castle_n ralph_n luvell_n and_o castle-cary_n william_n fitz-john_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o harpetre_n all_o in_o somersetshire_n robert_n the_o son_n of_o alured_n of_o lincoln_n and_o warham_n castle_n and_o town_n all_o submit_v to_o she_o and_o william_n fitz-alan_n with_o the_o town_n of_o shrewsbury_n which_o he_o quit_v when_o the_o king_n come_v against_o it_o and_o leave_v a_o deputy_n in_o it_o who_o make_v oath_n to_o he_o to_o defend_v it_o in_o few_o day_n he_o take_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n and_o hang_v some_o of_o the_o prisoner_n which_o have_v such_o effect_n upon_o walchelm_fw-ge maminot_n the_o governor_n of_o dover_n castle_n which_o the_o queen_n then_o besiege_v that_o so_o soon_o as_o he_o hear_v it_o he_o yield_v it_o to_o she_o the_o king_n march_v with_o his_o army_n from_o place_n to_o place_n and_o castle_n to_o castle_n endeavour_v to_o take_v they_o in_o but_o where_o he_o have_v no_o hope_n of_o do_v it_o he_o build_v a_o anti-castle_n or_o fortress_n common_o before_o the_o gate_n at_o a_o small_a distance_n either_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o and_o so_o starve_v they_o or_o to_o prevent_v their_o go_v out_o in_o great_a party_n into_o the_o country_n and_o so_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n preserve_v that_o from_o plunder_v while_o king_n stephen_n be_v thus_o employ_v empress_n employ_v hen_n hun._n ibid._n b._n n._n 10_o 20_o etc._n etc._n chron._n norm_a ut_fw-la supra_fw-la david_n king_n of_o scot_n invade_v england_n on_o behalf_n of_o his_o niece_n the_o empress_n david_n king_n of_o scot_n with_o a_o great_a army_n invade_v northumberland_n and_o the_o north_n part_n by_o the_o direction_n and_o advice_n of_o thurstan_n archbishop_n of_o york_n and_z walter_z de_fw-fr espec_n a_o powerful_a baron_n of_o northumberland_n a_o great_a standard_n in_o form_n of_o a_o dragon_n be_v fix_v at_o alverton_n now_o north-alverton_n in_o yorkshire_n to_o which_o the_o force_n and_o volunteer_n of_o those_o part_n resort_v which_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o industry_n diligence_n and_o great_a pain_n of_o the_o two_o person_n last_o name_v with_o their_o friend_n a_o great_a accession_n of_o force_n they_o have_v from_o william_n earl_n of_o albamarle_n william_n peverel_n of_o nottingham_n roger_n de_fw-fr molbraio_n or_o mowbray_n and_o ilbert_n lacy._n these_o with_o walter_n de_fw-fr espec_n under_o the_o earl_n of_o albamarle_n be_v the_o great_a commander_n the_o english_a keep_v close_o to_o their_o standard_n the_o scot_n charge_v they_o furious_o and_o be_v receive_v and_o beat_v back_o and_o then_o charge_v by_o the_o english_a with_o great_a courage_n and_o resolution_n rout_v his_o army_n rout_v whereupon_o they_o flee_v and_o the_o english_a obtain_v a_o complete_a victory_n kill_v 10_o or_o 12000_o upon_o the_o place_n this_o be_v the_o famous_a battle_n of_o the_o standard_n standard_n the_o famous_a battle_n of_o the_o standard_n large_o describe_v by_o richard_n prior_n of_o hagustald_v and_o of_o which_o ailred_n abbot_n of_o rievall_n have_v write_v a_o particular_a tract_n barbarity_n the_o war_n in_o england_n between_o maud_n the_o empress_n and_o king_n stephen_n manage_v with_o great_a rapâ—ne_n and_o barbarity_n hence_o forward_o during_o all_o of_o this_o king_n reign_n in_o most_o of_o the_o historian_n we_o read_v of_o nothing_o almost_o but_o fire_n and_o sword_n blood_n and_o slaughter_n rapine_n plunder_n and_o captivity_n one_o full_a instance_n whereof_o i_o will_v give_v you_o from_o a_o eye-witness_n the_o continuer_n of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o florence_n of_o worcester_n the_o take_v the_o contin_n fâ—or_n wigorn._n f_o 671_o 673._o a._n d._n 1139._o worcester_z burn_v and_o take_v clergy_n and_o citizen_n of_o worcester_n have_v often_o receive_v king_n stephen_n with_o great_a joy_n and_o kindness_n they_o be_v tell_v that_o their_o enemy_n from_o gloucester_n will_v sudden_o come_v and_o burn_v waste_v and_o plunder_n their_o city_n they_o be_v much_o terrify_v at_o the_o report_n and_o consult_v what_o to_o do_v the_o result_n be_v they_o shall_v betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o protection_n of_o christ_n and_o his_o bless_a mother_n commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o tuition_n of_o st._n oswald_n and_o wulstan_n sometime_o bishop_n of_o that_o city_n those_o that_o be_v present_a may_v see_v all_o the_o citizen_n good_n carry_v into_o the_o cathedral_n there_o be_v scarce_o room_n in_o the_o monastery_n for_o the_o clergy_n all_o the_o hang_n and_o ornament_n of_o the_o church_n and_o altar_n be_v take_v down_o and_o lay_v aside_o the_o clergy_n sing_v within_o the_o church_n the_o mother_n and_o child_n cry_v and_o lament_v without_o on_o the_o seven_o of_o november_n on_o which_o day_n begin_v a_o great_a frost_n the_o city_n of_o gloucester_n come_v with_o a_o great_a army_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n present_a by_o these_o word_n it_o appear_v the_o monk_n be_v then_o present_a to_o take_v spoil_n and_o burn_v the_o city_n of_o worcester_n nos_fw-la autem_fw-la say_v the_o monk_n timentes_fw-la ornamentis_fw-la sanâ—uarii_n benignissimi_fw-la patroni_fw-la nostri_fw-la oswald_n reliquias_fw-la albis_n induti_fw-la tota_fw-la sonante_fw-la class_n etc._n etc._n but_o we_o fear_v the_o ornament_n of_o the_o sanctuary_n carry_v abroad_o in_o our_o surpless_n the_o relic_n of_o our_o most_o benign_a patron_n oswald_n with_o humble_a procession_n the_o whole_a choir_n and_o company_n sing_v aloud_o and_o walk_v with_o they_o in_o the_o churchyard_n from_o one_o gate_n to_o another_o to_o the_o terror_n of_o our_o enemy_n who_o attack_v a_o strong_a fortress_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o city_n soldier_n the_o rapine_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o be_v beat_v off_o from_o thence_o they_o go_v and_o assault_v the_o north_n side_n where_o they_o enter_v and_o fire_n it_o in_o many_o place_n and_o burn_v a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o city_n but_o the_o great_a part_n stand_v they_o have_v a_o very_a great_a prey_n of_o the_o citizen_n good_n and_o of_o ox_n sheep_n cowes_n and_o young_a cattle_n and_o horse_n in_o the_o country_n they_o take_v very_o many_o in_o the_o lane_n and_o street_n and_o couple_v they_o together_o like_o dog_n and_o carry_v they_o away_o and_o have_v they_o or_o have_v they_o not_o wherewithal_o to_o pay_v the_o price_n put_v upon_o they_o they_o be_v compel_v to_o pay_v such_o ransom_n as_o by_o oath_n they_o have_v promise_v on_o the_o thirty_o of_o be_v of_o ibidem_fw-la f_z 673._o the_o earl_n worcester_n revenge_n for_o the_o destruction_n of_o that_o city_n the_o earl_n of_o worcester_n who_o he_o be_v november_n november_n the_o earl_n of_o worcester_n be_v waleran_n earl_n of_o mellent_a now_o meulan_n seat_v upon_o the_o river_n seyn_fw-mi in_o normandy_n 50._o normandy_n dugd._n baron_n tom._n 1._o f._n 225._o col_fw-fr 2._o hen._n hunt_n f._n 226._o a._n n._n 50._o he_o be_v make_v so_o by_o king_n stephen_n and_o william_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la campo_n or_o beauchamp_n of_o elmly_n castle_n in_o that_o county_n turn_v out_o who_o be_v hereditary_a castellan_n at_o worcester_n and_z sheriff_z of_o the_o county_n by_o emelin_n his_o mother_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o vrso_n de_fw-fr abeâ—ot_n the_o earl_n of_o worcester_n come_v to_o the_o city_n and_o when_o he_o see_v how_o it_o be_v burn_v be_v much_o grieve_v and_o perceive_v what_o injury_n he_o have_v receive_v gather_v together_o some_o force_n and_o go_v to_o sudley_n in_o gloucestershire_n to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o upon_o he_o be_v son_n to_o harold_n who_o be_v son_n be_v son_n ibid._n f._n 21._o col_fw-fr 2._o f._n 428._o col_fw-fr 2._o flor._n wig._n f._n 629._o anno_fw-la dom._n 1055._o john_n fitz-harold_n who_o he_o be_v to_o ralph_n earl_n of_o hereford_n in_o edward_z the_o confessor_n time_n which_o harold_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o domesday-book_n in_o gloucester_n and_o warwick-shire_n note_v thus_o heraldus_n filius_fw
oxford_n where_o his_o sister_n have_v then_o fix_v her_o residence_n without_o success_n she_z by_o her_o brother_n relation_n find_v the_o legate_n have_v no_o kindness_n for_o or_o inclination_n to_o her_o cause_n march_v to_o fire_v to_o ib._n n_o 30_o 40_o 50._o cont._n of_o flor._n ut_fw-la sup_n she_o march_v with_o a_o army_n to_o winchester_n ego_fw-la i_o parabo_fw-la the_o principal_a adherent_n to_o the_o empress_n the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o legat_n send_v for_o the_o londoner_n winchester_n block_v up_o and_o fire_v winchester_n with_o such_o a_o army_n as_o she_o can_v get_v together_o and_o be_v without_o difficulty_n receive_v into_o the_o royal_a castle_n there_o and_o send_v for_o the_o bishop_n to_o come_v to_o she_o without_o delay_n he_o think_v it_o not_o safe_a elude_v the_o messenger_n with_o a_o ambiguous_a answer_n that_o he_o will_v prepare_v himself_o and_o immediate_o send_v for_o all_o he_o know_v favour_v king_n stephen_n most_o of_o the_o earl_n of_o england_n come_v to_o he_o who_o be_v young_a light_a man_n such_o as_o the_o king_n advance_v with_o the_o empress_n be_v david_n king_n of_o scot_n robert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n milo_n then_o of_o hereford_n and_o a_o few_o baron_n ranulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n come_v slow_o towards_o she_o and_o to_o no_o purpose_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o issue_n the_o legate_n have_v likewise_o send_v to_o the_o londoner_n who_o come_v in_o great_a number_n and_o by_o their_o assistance_n the_o city_n be_v block_v up_o all_o passage_n to_o it_o be_v so_o guard_v that_o victual_n and_o necessary_n can_v not_o be_v bring_v into_o it_o without_o difficulty_n and_o danger_n while_o they_o be_v thus_o straighten_v without_o fire_n be_v throw_v from_o the_o bishop_n tower_n upon_o the_o citizen_n house_n because_o they_o be_v more_o incline_v to_o the_o empress_n than_o to_o he_o this_o fire_n take_v hold_v of_o a_o nunnery_n within_o the_o city_n and_o burn_v it_o down_o and_o of_o the_o abbey_n call_v hide_n without_o the_o city_n and_o burn_v that_o down_o william_n of_o ipre_n burn_v also_o the_o nunnery_n of_o warwell_n which_o be_v six_o mile_n from_o winchester_n the_o city_n be_v thus_o as_o it_o be_v besiege_v prisoner_n besiege_v malmsb._n f._n 108._o a._n n._n 10_o 20_o 30._o earl_n robert_n send_v the_o empress_n from_o winchester_n he_o be_v take_v prisoner_n the_o earl_n prepare_v for_o their_o departure_n and_o send_v his_o sister_n before_o with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n and_o best_a troop_n march_v in_o great_a order_n he_o follow_v some_o time_n after_o with_o a_o few_o but_o such_o as_o fear_v not_o many_o the_o earl_n immediate_o follow_v he_o and_o while_o he_o think_v it_o a_o dishonour_n to_o â—ly_o he_o be_v set_v upon_o by_o all_o of_o they_o and_o take_v the_o rest_n the_o noblemen_z especial_o with_o great_a speed_n keep_v on_o their_o journey_n and_o escape_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o devise_n so_o they_o leave_v winchester_n on_o the_o day_n of_o the_o exaltation_n of_o holy_a cross_n 14._o septemb_n 14._o have_v come_v thither_o some_o few_o day_n before_o the_o assumption_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n cause_n august_n 15._o his_o firmness_n to_o his_o sister_n cause_n the_o earl_n be_v send_v prisoner_n to_o rochester_n and_o attaque_v both_o by_o large_a promise_n persuasion_n and_o threat_n to_o leave_v his_o sister_n cause_n but_o nothing_o term_n nothing_o malmsb._n f._n 109._o a._n b._n the_o king_n and_o earl_n exchange_v upon_o equal_a term_n can_v prevail_v with_o he_o to_o desert_v she_o at_o last_o the_o king_n and_o he_o be_v release_v and_o exchange_v upon_o even_a term_n and_o left_a to_o pursue_v their_o several_a interest_n several_a proposition_n for_o both_o their_o liberty_n have_v be_v make_v and_o discourse_v of_o from_o the_o day_n the_o earl_n be_v take_v until_o all-saint_n at_o which_o time_n the_o exchange_n be_v agree_v to_o on_o both_o side_n after_o they_o be_v free_a the_o king_n come_v to_o winchester_n and_o the_o earl_n go_v to_o his_o sister_n at_o oxford_n the_o place_n of_o her_o constant_a residence_n the_o legate_n proceed_v in_o his_o design_n to_o ruin_v the_o empress_n 1143._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1142_o or_o 1143._o and_o by_o his_o legantine_n power_n empress_n power_n ibid._n f._n 108._o a._n n._n 30._o the_o legate_n design_v to_o ruin_v the_o empress_n call_v a_o council_n to_o meet_v eight_o day_n after_o st._n andrew_n at_o westminster_n the_o pope_n letter_n to_o he_o be_v open_o read_v in_o which_o he_o be_v blame_v that_o he_o do_v not_o more_o strenuous_o endeavour_v to_o release_v his_o brother_n and_o exhort_v to_o use_v all_o power_n both_o ecclesiastical_a and_o secular_a to_o do_v it_o the_o king_n empress_n king_n ibidem_fw-la n._n 40_o 50._o king_n stephen_n make_v his_o complaint_n in_o that_o council_n the_o legate_n give_v his_o reason_n why_o he_o receive_v the_o empress_n come_v into_o the_o council_n and_o complain_v that_o his_o vassal_n or_o feudatary_n to_o who_o he_o have_v never_o deny_v justice_n have_v imprison_v and_o reproachful_o use_v he_o to_o his_o great_a affliction_n the_o legate_n by_o his_o rhetoric_n endeavour_v to_o free_v his_o invidious_a action_n from_o censure_n pretend_v he_o receive_v the_o empress_n by_o compulsion_n and_o necessity_n not_o with_o favour_n or_o good_a will_n for_o present_o after_o the_o king_n army_n be_v rout_v when_o the_o lord_n either_o flee_v or_o expect_v what_o will_v be_v the_o event_n of_o thing_n she_o with_o her_o assistant_n come_v to_o winchester_n and_o what_o bargain_n she_o make_v there_o or_o promise_v to_o preserve_v the_o right_n of_o the_o church_n she_o obstinate_o break_v they_o all_o beside_o he_o say_v that_o she_o and_o her_o friend_n have_v contrive_v not_o only_o to_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o dignity_n but_o his_o life_n but_o god_n in_o his_o mercy_n have_v beyond_o her_o hope_n so_o order_v thing_n empress_n he_o depose_v the_o empress_n as_o far_o as_o he_o can_v king_n stephen_n title_n he_o excommunicate_v all_o favourer_n of_o the_o empress_n that_o he_o escape_v destruction_n and_o his_o brother_n be_v free_v from_o his_o bond_n and_o therefore_o command_v they_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o god_n and_o the_o pope_n that_o they_o shall_v aid_v the_o king_n with_o their_o utmost_a power_n who_o be_v anoint_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o people_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o apostolic_a see_n and_o to_o excommunicate_v all_o perturber_n of_o the_o peace_n that_o favour_v the_o duchess_n of_o anjou_n the_o historian_n say_v he_o be_v not_o present_a in_o this_o council_n and_o therefore_o 37._o therefore_o ibidem_fw-la lin_v 37._o can_v not_o say_v so_o exact_o what_o be_v do_v in_o it_o as_o in_o the_o former_a but_o he_o think_v the_o legate_n word_n laic_a word_n ibid._n b._n lin_v 1._o etc._n etc._n the_o legate_n speech_n in_o that_o council_n not_o receive_v by_o all_o though_o by_o silence_n allow_v the_o empress_n defend_v by_o a_o laic_a be_v not_o grateful_a to_o all_o the_o clergy_n yet_o none_o contradict_v and_o all_o for_o fear_n or_o reverence_n keep_v silent_a only_o one_o lay-messenger_n from_o the_o empress_n forbid_v the_o legate_n to_o act_v any_o thing_n in_o that_o council_n contrary_a to_o her_o honour_n by_o the_o faith_n he_o have_v engage_v to_o she_o that_o he_o have_v give_v his_o faith_n to_o the_o empress_n not_o to_o assist_v his_o brother_n that_o she_o come_v into_o england_n by_o his_o invitation_n that_o she_o have_v take_v the_o king_n and_o keep_v he_o prisoner_n be_v by_o his_o connivance_n this_o the_o messenger_n say_v and_o much_o more_o with_o great_a briskness_n but_o can_v not_o move_v the_o legate_n to_o anger_n or_o to_o make_v answer_n from_o the_o time_n of_o this_o council_n until_o devise_n until_o ibidem_fw-la f._n 109._o b._n n._n 10_o 20_o 30._o an._n do._n 1143._o the_o empress_n hold_v a_o council_n at_o devise_n lent_n both_o party_n be_v quiet_a but_o then_o the_o king_n begin_v to_o move_v and_o the_o empress_n likewise_o and_o come_v to_o the_o devise_n and_o hold_v a_o council_n there_o in_o which_o it_o be_v resolve_v she_o shall_v send_v for_o her_o husband_n the_o duke_n of_o anjou_n he_o she_o be_v advise_v to_o send_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o anjou_n her_o husband_n messenger_n go_v for_o he_o to_o help_v she_o to_o recover_v the_o inheritance_n of_o she_o and_o her_o child_n which_o resolution_n be_v forthwith_o spread_v among_o the_o people_n and_o honourable_a person_n send_v for_o he_o about_o easter_n the_o king_n fall_v sick_a at_o northampton_n and_o so_o continue_v until_o after_o whitsunday_n the_o messenger_n return_v from_o anjou_n and_o deliver_v what_o they_o bring_v back_o to_o the_o empress_n in_o a_o second_o council_n hold_v at_o the_o devise_n which_o be_v
of_o richard_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n henry_n bishop_n of_o bayeux_n giles_n bishop_n of_o eureux_fw-fr froger_n bishop_n of_o see_z and_o in_o presence_n of_o simon_n earl_n of_o eureux_fw-fr and_o robert_n earl_n of_o leicester_n and_o before_o many_o other_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o his_o kingdom_n that_o no_o man_n presume_v to_o take_v the_o good_n of_o a_o vassal_n for_o the_o debt_n of_o his_o lord_n nequis_fw-la pro_fw-la domini_fw-la debito_fw-la res_fw-la hominis_fw-la capere_fw-la praesumat_fw-la unless_o the_o vassal_n be_v pledge_n or_o surety_n for_o the_o debt_n of_o his_o lord_n but_o the_o rent_n of_o vassal_n which_o they_o be_v to_o pay_v to_o their_o lord_n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o their_o lord_n creditor_n not_o to_o the_o lord_n the_o other_o proper_a good_n of_o vassal_n shall_v be_v in_o peace_n neither_o shall_v it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o one_o to_o distrein_o namtire_fw-la non_fw-la liceat_fw-la or_o take_v they_o for_o the_o debt_n of_o their_o lord_n this_o statute_n and_o this_o custom_n hoc_fw-la statutum_n &_o consuetudinem_fw-la hanc_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o king_n ordain_v shall_v be_v firm_a and_o general_a in_o all_o his_o town_n and_o every_o where_n in_o his_o dominion_n viz._n in_o normandy_n aquitan_n anjou_n main_n turain_n and_o britain_n and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v stable_n permanent_a and_o firm_o observe_v and_o keep_v it_o be_v write_v and_o confirm_v with_o his_o seal_n after_o this_o the_o king_n arms._n king_n ibidem_fw-la 110._o a._n the_o king_n of_o england_n summon_v his_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o normandy_n to_o appear_v with_o horse_n and_o arms._n by_o his_o writ_n summon_v the_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o normandy_n to_o meet_v he_o at_o argenton_n on_o the_o nine_o of_o october_n prepare_v with_o horse_n and_o arm_n for_o his_o service_n and_o go_v to_o alencon_n and_o send_v his_o son_n richard_n into_o poictou_n to_o subdue_v his_o enemy_n king_n henry_n desirous_a to_o return_v into_o england_n send_v to_o lewis_n king_n of_o france_n and_o obtain_v his_o letter_n of_o protection_n in_o this_o form_n protection_n form_n hoved._n f._n 327._o a._n n._n 30._o an._n do._n 1178._o the_o king_n of_o france_n give_v the_o king_n of_o england_n letter_n of_o protection_n lewis_n king_n of_o france_n to_o all_o who_o these_o present_n shall_v come_v greeting_n know_v you_o that_o we_o have_v receive_v into_o our_o custody_n all_o the_o land_n of_o our_o most_o dear_a brother_n henry_n king_n of_o england_n on_o this_o side_n the_o sea_n if_o he_o shall_v happen_v to_o pass_v into_o england_n or_o go_v on_o pilgrimage_n so_o that_o when_o his_o svi_fw-la his_o baillivi_fw-la svi_fw-la bailiff_n or_o officer_n shall_v require_v we_o we_o shall_v true_o without_o design_n give_v they_o our_o counsel_n and_o help_v for_o the_o defence_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o same_o after_o his_o come_n out_o of_o ambition_n of_o ibidem_fw-la f._n 331._o a._n n._n 40._o geofry_n earl_n of_o anjou_n knight_v by_o his_o father_n his_o military_a exercise_n and_o ambition_n normandy_n into_o england_n at_o woodstock_n he_o knight_v his_o son_n geofry_n earl_n of_o britain_n who_o soon_o after_o pass_v into_o normandy_n and_o in_o the_o confine_n of_o france_n and_o that_o country_n be_v at_o a_o torneament_n or_o the_o exercise_n of_o feat_n of_o arm_n where_o he_o be_v ambitious_a to_o have_v the_o reputation_n of_o a_o courageous_a kngiht_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o his_o brother_n henry_n and_o richard_n have_v acquire_v great_a honour_n and_o renown_n in_o such_o military_a exercise_n peter_n of_o st._n agatha_n 1179._o agatha_n ibidem_fw-la b._n n._n 10._o the_o king_n put_v a_o oath_n upon_o the_o pope_n legat._n an._n do._n 1179._o the_o pope_n legate_n come_v this_o year_n through_o england_n to_o summon_v the_o bishop_n and_o abbat_n of_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n to_o a_o general_n council_n at_o rome_n but_o before_o he_o have_v leave_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o kingdom_n he_o make_v oath_n not_o to_o do_v or_o seek_v to_o do_v any_o injury_n to_o the_o king_n or_o kingdom_n and_o that_o he_o will_v return_v the_o same_o way_n 1179._o way_n ibidem_fw-la f._n 332._o a._n n._n 50._o and_o upon_o the_o scottish_a and_o irish_a bishop_n and_o abbat_n an._n do._n 1179._o the_o same_o oath_n the_o scottish_a and_o irish_a bishop_n and_o abbat_n take_v before_o they_o have_v passage_n give_v they_o to_o go_v this_o way_n with_o the_o legat._n after_o easter_n the_o king_n circuit_n king_n ibidem_fw-la f._n 337._o a._n n._n 20._o england_n divide_v into_o four_o circuit_n hold_v a_o great_a council_n at_o windsor_n and_o by_o the_o common_a advice_n of_o his_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n earls_z and_o baron_n he_o divide_v england_n in_o four_o part_n and_o to_o every_o part_n he_o appoint_v wise_a man_n to_o do_v justice_n in_o the_o land_n after_o this_o manner_n i._o richard_z bishop_n of_o winton_n richard_z the_o king_n treasurer_n nicholas_n fitz-torold_a tho._n basset_n robert_n witefeld_n hamshire_n wiltshire_n gloucestershire_n dorsetshire_n sumersetshire_n devonshire_n cornwall_n berkshire_n oxfordshire_n ii_o geofry_n bishop_n of_o ely_n nich._n the_o king_n chaplain_n gilbert_n pipard_n reginald_n de_fw-fr wisbech_n the_o king_n clerk_n geofry_n hosee_n cambridgeshire_n huntingtonshire_n northamptonshire_n leicestershire_n warwickshire_n worcestershire_n herefordshire_n staffordshire_n shropshire_n iii_o john_n bishop_n of_o norwich_n hugh_n murdac_n the_o king_n clerk_n michael_n belet_n richard_n del_n pec._n radulph_n brito_fw-la norfolk_n suffolk_n essex_n hertfordshire_n middlesex_n kent_n surrey_n sussex_n buckinghamshire_n bedfordshire_n iv_o godfrey_n de_fw-fr lucy_n johannes_n cumin_fw-la hugh_n de_fw-fr gaerst_n ranulph_n de_fw-fr glanvill_n william_n the_o bend_n alanus_fw-la de_fw-fr furnellis_n nottinghamshire_n derbyshire_n yorkshire_n northumberland_n westmoreland_n cumberland_n lancaster_n the_o last_o six_o be_v appoint_v 20._o appoint_v ibidem_fw-la b._n n._n 20._o justice_n in_o the_o king_n court_n to_o hear_v the_o petition_n the_o clamores_fw-la populi_fw-la clamour_v a_o common_a word_n then_o for_o a_o suit_n or_o petition_n clamour_n or_o business_n and_o suit_n of_o the_o people_n and_o have_v the_o last_o seven_o county_n assign_v they_o this_o year_n lewis_n king_n of_o call_v of_o jo._n brom._n col._n 1139._o n._n 40_o 50.60_o etc._n etc._n an._n do._n 1179._o the_o king_n of_o france_n call_v together_o all_o his_o bishop_n earls_z and_o baron_n to_o crown_v his_o son_n philip_n at_o rheims_n his_o son_n fall_v sick_a he_o have_v a_o vision_n by_o which_o he_o be_v admonish_v for_o his_o son_n recovery_n to_o visit_v the_o martyr_n of_o canterbury_n so_o call_v france_n cite_v all_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n earls_z and_o baron_n of_o his_o kingdom_n that_o they_o shall_v without_o excuse_n be_v in_o the_o city_n of_o rheims_n on_o the_o assumption_n of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n that_o be_v the_o fifteen_o of_o august_n to_o crown_v his_o son_n philip_n than_o fifteen_o year_n old_a they_o hasten_v to_o come_v as_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v but_o just_a before_o the_o time_n his_o son_n fall_v into_o a_o great_a sickness_n so_o as_o many_o despair_v of_o his_o life_n his_o father_n grieve_a night_n and_o day_n and_o be_v mighty_o afflict_v for_o his_o son_n be_v thus_o without_o comfort_n one_o night_n when_o he_o have_v happy_o fall_v into_o a_o sound_a sleep_n st._n thomas_n the_o martyr_n of_o canterbury_n appear_v to_o he_o and_o tell_v he_o the_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n have_v send_v he_o his_o servant_n to_o he_o to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o if_o he_o believe_v and_o with_o contrition_n go_v to_o visit_v his_o servant_n thomas_n the_o martyr_n of_o canterbury_n his_o son_n shall_v recover_v his_o health_n he_o discover_v this_o vision_n to_o his_o friend_n and_o ask_v their_o advice_n who_o tell_v he_o it_o be_v dangerous_a to_o pass_v by_o sea_n into_o another_o man_n country_n france_n roger_n hoveden_n be_v more_o modest_a in_o this_o story_n and_o only_o say_v he_o be_v admonish_v by_o divine_a revelation_n he_o come_v to_o canterbury_n offers_z and_o pray_v at_o his_o tomb._n give_v the_o monk_n 100_o measure_n of_o wine_n every_o year_n and_o grant_v they_o a_o charter_n of_o many_o privilege_n in_o france_n etc._n etc._n the_o next_o night_n the_o martyr_n appear_v the_o second_o and_o three_o time_n and_o tell_v the_o same_o story_n and_o add_v threat_n if_o he_o go_v not_o quick_o and_o obey_v the_o command_n of_o god_n he_o come_v and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n meet_v he_o at_o dover_n on_o the_o twenty_o second_o day_n of_o august_n and_o conduct_v he_o to_o the_o tomb_n of_o the_o martyr_n where_o the_o king_n of_o france_n pray_v and_o offer_v a_o great_a and_o precious_a golden_a cup_n and_o give_v to_o the_o monk_n of_o holy_a trinity_n for_o ever_o yearly_a one_o hundred_o measure_n of_o wine_n centum_fw-la modios_fw-la vini_n to_o be_v
treaty_n the_o issue_n whereof_o be_v surrender_v wexford_n surrender_v that_o they_o yield_v and_o deliver_v four_o hostage_n to_o be_v keep_v by_o he_o for_o their_o good_a behaviour_n and_o fidelity_n to_o he_o for_o the_o future_a he_o no_o soon_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o city_n but_o he_o give_v it_o with_o the_o whole_a territory_n to_o robert_n fitz-stephan_n and_o maurice_n fitz-girald_a according_a to_o the_o agreement_n he_o have_v make_v with_o he_o and_o to_o hervey_n mont-maurice_n he_o give_v in_o fee_n two_o cantred_n or_o hundred_o between_o wexford_n and_o waterford_n lie_v upon_o the_o sea_n have_v thus_o reduce_v wexford_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o the_o ossery_n the_o ibid._n c._n 4._o dermot_n march_v into_o ossery_n people_n of_o that_o place_n he_o make_v up_o a_o army_n of_o 3000_o man_n with_o which_o he_o march_v towards_o 744._o towards_o a_o portion_n of_o leinster_n ancient_o and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o conquest_n a_o county_n or_o earldom_n camd._n britan._n f._n 731._o there_o be_v two_o of_o they_o one_o name_v vpper-ossery_a in_o the_o diocese_n of_o leighlin_n another_o call_v the_o low_a lie_v north_n of_o ormond_n and_o be_v a_o diocese_n of_o itself_o but_o the_o bishop_n house_n and_o residence_n be_v at_o kilkenny_n so_o holinsh_v in_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n c._n 4._o camden_n call_v the_o first_o lower-ossery_a ibid._n f._n 742._o and_o the_o last_o vpper-ossery_a f._n 744._o osserie_n the_o prince_n whereof_o dwenald_n or_o donald_n among_o all_o his_o rebel_n be_v the_o great_a enemy_n to_o dermot_n the_o army_n advance_v to_o the_o skirt_n and_o outside_n of_o the_o country_n enter_v a_o little_a way_n into_o it_o but_o find_v the_o passage_n into_o the_o inaccessible_a wood_n and_o bog_n so_o secure_v barricadoed_a fortify_v and_o guard_v by_o the_o osserians_n who_o resolve_v stout_o to_o defend_v themselves_o hereupon_o the_o army_n retreat_v into_o the_o plain_n the_o osserians_n trust_v to_o their_o former_a good_a fortune_n in_o many_o other_o engagement_n and_o think_v their_o enemy_n through_o fear_n have_v turn_v their_o back_n issue_v out_o of_o their_o fastness_n and_o pursue_v they_o in_o the_o open_a field_n robert_n osserians_n robert_n ibidem_fw-la fitz-stephan_n total_o rout_v the_o osserians_n fitz-stephan_n take_v the_o advantage_n face_v about_o with_o his_o horse_n and_o charge_v they_o furious_o make_v great_a slaughter_n with_o the_o lance_n and_o total_o rout_v they_o and_o such_o as_o the_o horse_n overthrow_v and_o trample_v down_o the_o foot_n with_o their_o irish_a axe_n cut_v off_o their_o head_n and_o present_v they_o to_o dermot_n after_o this_o they_o enter_v the_o most_o inward_a part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o ruin_v it_o with_o slaughter_n rapine_n and_o burn_v so_o that_o the_o prince_n of_o ossery_n dermot_n the_o prince_n of_o ossery_n swear_v fidelity_n to_o dermot_n by_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n desire_a peace_n give_v hostage_n and_o swear_v fidelity_n to_o dermot_n it_o be_v rather_o a_o feign_a than_o real_a peace_n on_o both_o side_n robert_n barrie_n and_o and_o henry_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n have_v a_o base_a son_n 31._o son_n sandford_n genealog_n hist_o f._n 31._o by_o nesta_n aforesaid_a daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o south-wales_n call_v fitz-henry_n or_o fitz-roy_a he_o be_v bear_v breed_v live_v and_o marry_v in_o wales_n and_o have_v two_o son_n meiler_n and_o robert_n the_o two_o person_n here_o mention_v meyler_n be_v the_o most_o conspicuous_a for_o their_o courage_n and_o valour_n in_o this_o engagement_n dermot_n dermot_n dermot_n ibid._n c._n 5._o roderic_n resolve_v with_o all_o his_o force_n to_o oppose_v dermot_n and_o his_o stranger_n with_o this_o success_n become_v formidable_a through_o the_o island_n roderic_n king_n of_o connaught_n and_o and_o there_o be_v always_o 10._o always_o holinsh_fw-mi conquest_n of_o ireland_n f._n 8._o n._n 10._o one_o principal_a governor_n among_o the_o irish_a and_o he_o be_v common_o one_o of_o the_o mac_n carty_n in_a monster_n morrogh_v in_o leinster_n or_o o_o conor_n in_o connaught_n choose_v by_o the_o nobility_n he_o make_v peace_n and_o war_n and_o what_o he_o command_v be_v always_o do_v monarch_n of_o all_o ireland_n by_o his_o messenger_n call_v together_o all_o the_o primate_fw-la or_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n upon_o consultation_n they_o agree_v unanimous_o to_o rise_v against_o dermot_n and_o lead_v several_a army_n and_o a_o infinite_a multitude_n of_o man_n say_v my_o author_n into_o leinster_n most_o of_o his_o pretend_a friend_n forsake_v he_o not_o regard_v their_o promise_n or_o oath_n fitz-stephan_n and_o his_o man_n with_o some_o few_o other_o stick_v close_o to_o he_o and_o in_o a_o place_n not_o far_o from_o fern_n surround_v with_o thick_a wood_n steep_a mountain_n and_o bog_n by_o nature_n and_o situation_n almost_o inaccessible_a they_o secure_v themselves_o and_o by_o cut_v down_o tree_n and_o place_v they_o so_o artificial_o and_o with_o ditch_n and_o pit_n which_o they_o dig_v in_o place_n of_o advantage_n they_o shut_v out_o their_o enemy_n yet_o with_o great_a art_n reserve_v entrance_n for_o their_o friend_n roderic_n not_o roderic_n ibid._n c._n 6._o roderic_n solicit_v fitz-stephan_n to_o withdraw_v but_o prevail_v not_o send_v to_o fitz-stephan_n and_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v he_o by_o great_a promise_n and_o gift_n to_o depart_v and_o leave_v that_o country_n with_o love_n and_o peace_n where_o he_o can_v challenge_v no_o right_n but_o prevail_v not_o the_o same_o messenger_n go_v to_o fitz-murchard_a to_o mac_n morogh_n to_o induce_v he_o to_o join_v arm_n and_o destroy_v the_o stranger_n with_o full_a assurance_n he_o shall_v peaceable_o enjoy_v all_o leinster_n and_o the_o firm_a friendship_n of_o roderic_n but_o can_v not_o move_v he_o but_o at_o length_n roderic_n length_n girald_n ibid_fw-la c._n 10._o a_o peace_n conclude_v between_o dermot_n and_o roderic_n by_o the_o intervening_a of_o messenger_n and_o friend_n a_o peace_n be_v make_v on_o these_o condition_n that_o dermot_n shall_v enjoy_v leinster_n acknowledge_v roderic_n as_o prince_n and_o monarch_n of_o ireland_n by_o due_a subjection_n and_o that_o the_o peace_n may_v remain_v firm_a he_o deliver_v his_o son_n stanihurst_n son_n cnothurn_n according_a to_o stanihurst_n cnuth_n to_o he_o as_o a_o hostage_n this_o agreement_n be_v publish_v and_o confirm_v by_o their_o oath_n and_o it_o be_v further_a private_o agree_v between_o they_o that_o dermot_n shall_v call_v no_o more_o stranger_n into_o ireland_n and_o that_o such_o as_o be_v there_o shall_v be_v send_v away_o just_o after_o this_o agreement_n country_n agreement_n ibid._n c_o 11._o maurice_n fitz-girald_a land_n at_o wexford_n with_o a_o great_a force_n dermot_n march_v towards_o dublin_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n come_v maurice_n fitz-girald_a brother_n by_o the_o mother_n to_o fitz-stephan_n with_o ten_o knight_n thirty_o other_o horseman_n and_o one_o hundred_o archer_n on_o foot_n in_o two_o ship_n and_o land_v at_o wexford_n dermot_n rejoice_v and_o be_v much_o encourage_v at_o his_o come_n and_o forthwith_o raise_v a_o army_n and_o march_v towards_o dublin_n maurice_n be_v general_n while_o fitz-stephan_n be_v busy_v in_o build_v a_o castle_n upon_o a_o rock_n call_v karrec_n in_o a_o short_a space_n the_o whole_a country_n belong_v to_o the_o city_n and_o other_o adjoin_v with_o depredation_n slaughter_v and_o burn_n be_v almost_o destroy_v the_o citizen_n desire_v peace_n and_o give_v good_a security_n for_o their_o fidelity_n to_o their_o prince_n for_o the_o future_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o happen_v donald_n happen_v ibidem_fw-la roderic_n make_v war_n upon_o donald_n discord_n between_o roderic_n prince_n of_o cannaught_n and_o donald_n prince_n of_o limrick_n roderic_n with_o arm_n invade_v the_o territory_n of_o limrick_n dermot_n send_v fitz-stephan_n with_o his_o troop_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o his_o son_n in_o law_n donald_n by_o who_o assistance_n he_o obtain_v victory_n in_o every_o conflict_n disgrace_n he_o be_v overthrow_v and_o withdraw_v with_o disgrace_n insomuch_o as_o roderic_n withdraw_v himself_o from_o his_o government_n with_o disgrace_n robert_n barrie_n and_o his_o brother_n meiler_n be_v very_o eminent_a for_o their_o bravery_n in_o these_o engagement_n fitz-murchard_a or_o morrogh_n ireland_n morrogh_n ibid._n c_o 12._o fitz-murchard_a project_n the_o obtain_v the_o monarchy_n of_o ireland_n encourage_v by_o this_o success_n have_v regain_v his_o country_n think_v of_o recover_v his_o ancient_a right_n and_o propound_v to_o he_o himself_o the_o subdue_a of_o connaught_n and_o obtain_v the_o whole_a monarchy_n of_o ireland_n and_o secret_o impart_v his_o project_n to_o fitz-stephan_n and_o maurice_n they_o think_v it_o easy_o to_o be_v accomplish_v if_o he_o can_v procure_v more_o english_a force_n he_o he_o solicit_v fitz-stephan_n for_o more_o force_n from_o england_n and_o write_v to_o richard_n earl_n of_o
strigul_n to_o assist_v he_o and_o earnest_o beseech_v he_o to_o send_v for_o they_o that_o he_o may_v put_v his_o design_n in_o execution_n he_o write_v to_o richard_n earl_n of_o strigul_n to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o the_o spring_n and_o autumn_n be_v come_v and_o go_v without_o see_v of_o he_o or_o receive_v the_o least_o assistance_n from_o he_o and_o therefore_o desire_v he_o to_o make_v good_a his_o agreement_n the_o earl_n upon_o receipt_n of_o his_o letter_n go_v to_o king_n henry_n and_o earnest_o supplicate_v he_o either_o to_o restore_v his_o hereditary_a land_n according_a to_o justice_n or_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o make_v his_o fortune_n in_o some_o other_o nation_n and_o have_v receive_v a_o 13._o a_o ibid._n c._n 13._o dissemble_a rather_o than_o true_a licence_n after_o winter_n he_o send_v before_o a_o young_a man_n of_o his_o family_n call_v force_n call_v he_o be_v nephew_n to_o maurice_n and_o fitz-stephan_n by_o their_o elder_a brother_n reymund_n send_v by_o earl_n richard_n into_o ireland_n with_o force_n reymund_n a_o stout_a and_o valiant_a person_n and_o well_o skill_v in_o the_o use_n of_o arm_n with_o ten_o knight_n or_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o seventy_o archer_n who_o land_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o may_n in_o ireland_n under_o a_o rock_n call_v call_v dundolf_n be_v a_o rock_n in_o the_o 40._o the_o holinsh_fw-mi ut_fw-la supra_fw-la f._n 12._o n._n 40._o county_n of_o waterford_n by_o the_o seaside_n lie_v east_n from_o the_o city_n about_o eight_o english_a mile_n and_o be_v from_o the_o town_n of_o wexford_n about_o twelve_o mile_n it_o be_v now_o a_o castle_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o dundorogh_n dundolf_n four_o mile_n from_o waterford_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o wexford_n where_o they_o build_v a_o weak_a castle_n of_o bough_n of_o tree_n wood_n and_o turf_n the_o news_n no_o soon_o come_v to_o the_o citizen_n of_o waterford_n and_o machlachlin_n ophelan_n but_o they_o gather_v together_o a_o body_n of_o 3000_o man_n and_o pass_v the_o river_n siver_z they_o march_v towards_o the_o ditch_n of_o the_o castle_n in_o three_o division_n with_o intention_n to_o assault_v it_o such_o be_v the_o courage_n of_o reymund_n that_o he_o and_o his_o man_n go_v forth_o to_o meet_v they_o who_o oppress_v with_o number_n and_o not_o able_a to_o resist_v return_v to_o their_o castle_n and_o trench_n their_o enemy_n pursue_v and_o enter_v with_o they_o reymund_n see_v in_o what_o strait_n they_o be_v irish_a he_o obtain_v a_o great_a victory_n of_o the_o irish_a face_v about_o towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o with_o his_o sword_n cut_v they_o down_o one_o by_o one_o as_o they_o enter_v and_o with_o a_o great_a outcry_n he_o call_v back_o his_o man_n to_o his_o defence_n which_o strike_v terror_n into_o his_o enemy_n that_o they_o give_v back_o and_o flee_v in_o such_o confusion_n and_o disorder_n that_o reymund_n and_o his_o man_n pursue_v they_o kill_v above_o five_o hundred_o with_o their_o sword_n and_o weapon_n and_o throw_v many_o of_o they_o who_o have_v climb_v steep_a rock_n for_o their_o own_o safety_n into_o the_o sea_n in_o this_o conflict_n one_o william_n ferrand_n be_v very_o famous_a for_o his_o wonderful_a courage_n and_o exploit_n by_o this_o victory_n prisoner_n victory_n girald_n ibid._n c._n 14_o 5._o many_o of_o the_o citizen_n of_o waterford_n take_v prisoner_n they_o have_v seventy_o of_o the_o chief_a citizen_n of_o waterford_n prisoner_n and_o in_o bond_n within_o their_o castle_n for_o who_o they_o may_v either_o have_v have_v the_o town_n or_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n concern_v these_o man_n hervey_n of_o mount-maurice_n who_o have_v join_v he_o at_o his_o first_o land_n with_o three_o knight_n or_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o reymund_n be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n reymund_n be_v for_o their_o redemption_n by_o money_n and_o urge_v that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o principle_n of_o humanity_n piety_n and_o honour_n to_o destroy_v they_o hervey_n urge_v that_o to_o spare_v they_o be_v to_o nourish_v serpent_n in_o their_o bosom_n and_o but_o to_o give_v they_o a_o opportunity_n of_o revenge_a themselves_o and_o put_v the_o question_n that_o if_o the_o victory_n have_v be_v on_o their_o side_n whether_o they_o will_v have_v sell_v they_o their_o life_n and_o out_o of_o piety_n give_v they_o leave_v of_o redemption_n he_o be_v for_o do_v what_o they_o come_v for_o subdue_a the_o nation_n by_o arm_n and_o power_n and_o by_o this_o example_n so_o to_o affrighten_v the_o people_n as_o they_o shall_v not_o dare_v to_o oppose_v or_o resist_v they_o this_o opinion_n please_v the_o soldier_n best_o destroy_v the_o prisoner_n cruel_o destroy_v and_o so_o fisrt_v break_v their_o limb_n they_o throw_v they_o headlong_o into_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o 23_o do_v of_o august_n follow_v earl_n prisoner_n earl_n ibid_fw-la c_o 16_o a._n d._n 1170._o strongbowe_n overthrow_v mac-laghlin_a and_o take_v he_o prisoner_n richard_z strongbowe_n land_v near_o waterford_n with_o 200_o horseman_n or_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o about_o 1000_o other_o and_o on_o the_o 25_o the_o in_o the_o morning_n assault_v that_o town_n and_o be_v twice_o repel_v by_o the_o citizen_n and_o the_o remain_v of_o those_o that_o escape_v at_o dundolf_n but_o upon_o the_o three_o attack_z they_o enter_v kill_v very_o many_o in_o the_o street_n and_o obtain_v a_o bloody_a victory_n they_o take_v mac-laghlin_a prince_n of_o 746._o of_o ophaly_n or_o ossalie_n be_v that_o part_n of_o leinster_n which_o be_v now_o call_v the_o king_n county_n camd._n britan._n f._n 746._o ophaly_n and_o one_o reginald_n who_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o dermot_n have_v their_o life_n save_v and_o with_o he_o come_v maurice_n fitz-girald_a robert_n fitz-stephan_n and_o reymund_n and_o join_v their_o force_n with_o earl_n richard_n to_o who_o dermot_n give_v his_o daughter_n eva_n in_o marriage_n after_o which_o solemnity_n they_o march_v to_o dublin_n and_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o come_v before_o it_o take_v it_o ibid._n c._n 17._o dublin_n assault_v and_o take_v reymund_n and_o miles_n cogan_n with_o a_o select_a company_n of_o brave_a young_a man_n assault_v and_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o and_o kill_v many_o citizen_n but_o the_o governor_n hasculf_n and_o the_o better_a part_n of_o they_o with_o the_o best_a of_o their_o good_n and_o jewel_n get_v out_o of_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o city_n and_o recover_v the_o ship_n in_o the_o road_n and_o sail_v to_o the_o northern_a isle_n roderic_n king_n of_o connaught_n be_v much_o concern_v at_o these_o death_n these_o ibidem_fw-la roderic_n threaten_v to_o put_v dermot_n son_n to_o death_n proceed_n of_o dermot_n and_o send_v to_o he_o to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o he_o have_v break_v the_o peace_n between_o they_o by_o call_v so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o stranger_n into_o the_o island_n and_o that_o he_o neither_o be_v mindful_a of_o his_o oath_n nor_o compassionate_a towards_o his_o hostage_n which_o be_v his_o son_n and_o therefore_o give_v he_o notice_n that_o if_o for_o the_o future_a he_o do_v not_o restrain_v the_o excursion_n of_o his_o stranger_n he_o will_v cut_v off_o his_o son_n head_n and_o send_v it_o he_o to_o which_o dermot_n answer_v that_o he_o will_v not_o desist_v until_o he_o have_v subdue_v connaught_n and_o make_v himself_o monarch_n of_o all_o ireland_n according_a to_o his_o right_n roderic_n provoke_v with_o this_o answer_n condemn_v his_o son_n to_o death_n about_o this_o time_n ardmagh_n time_n ibid._n c._n 18._o the_o irish_a clergy_n hold_v a_o council_n at_o ardmagh_n the_o irish_a clergy_n meet_v in_o council_n at_o ardmagh_n consult_v together_o and_o inquire_v into_o the_o cause_n of_o stranger_n come_v into_o their_o land_n and_o conclude_v it_o be_v for_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o people_n and_o especial_o for_o that_o they_o use_v to_o buy_v english_a child_n of_o merchant_n and_o pirate_n and_o make_v they_o slave_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n they_o think_v they_o lie_v under_o divine_a vengeance_n and_o by_o public_a consent_n make_v a_o decree_n that_o all_o the_o english_a that_o be_v in_o servitude_n liberty_n the_o irish_a clergy_n decree_n that_o all_o english_a slave_n be_v â—et_a at_o liberty_n shall_v have_v their_o liberty_n the_o historian_n tell_v we_o the_o english_a by_o a_o common_a vice_n of_o the_o country_n have_v a_o custom_n to_o ibidem_fw-la to_o ibidem_fw-la fell_v their_o child_n and_o kinsfolk_n though_o they_o be_v neither_o in_o want_n or_o extreme_a poverty_n king_n henry_n hear_v what_o progress_n the_o ireland_n the_o ibid._n c._n 19_o a_o d._n 1170._o king_n henry_n recall_v his_o english_a subject_n from_o ireland_n earl_n make_v and_o what_o success_n he_o have_v in_o ireland_n put_v forth_o a_o edict_n by_o which_o he_o prohibit_v all_o his_o subject_n from_o carry_v any_o thing_n by_o
force_n he_o conduct_v the_o earl_n to_o wexford_n leave_v the_o care_n of_o that_o town_n unto_o one_o terrell_n or_o purcell_n he_o the_o waterfordian_n slay_v and_o all_o the_o english_a they_o can_v find_v in_o the_o street_n or_o in_o their_o house_n man_n woman_n and_o child_n not_o spare_v age_n or_o sex_n yet_o the_o city_n itself_o be_v preserve_v by_o such_o as_o be_v in_o reginald_n tower_n who_o drive_v the_o traitor_n out_o of_o the_o city_n and_o force_v they_o to_o seek_v for_o peace_n which_o they_o obtain_v upon_o hard_a condition_n basilia_n reymund_n marry_v basilia_n at_o wexford_n reymund_n be_v marry_v to_o basilia_n and_o the_o wedding_n night_n be_v over_o next_o day_n hear_v roderick_n king_n of_o connaught_n have_v again_o destroy_v mâ—th_n and_o be_v march_v into_o the_o country_n near_o dublin_n go_v with_o his_o force_n towards_o he_o but_o he_o stay_v not_o his_o come_n reymund_n find_v he_o retire_v repair_v the_o castle_n in_o meth_n and_o bring_v thing_n to_o such_o a_o pass_n as_o through_o fear_n of_o he_o the_o nation_n for_o some_o short_a time_n remain_v in_o peace_n but_o long_o it_o be_v not_o henry_n not_o ibid._n c._n 8._o donald_n break_v his_o oath_n make_v to_o king_n henry_n ever_o donald_n o_o breen_n or_o brin_n king_n of_o limerick_n and_o monster_n depart_v from_o the_o fealty_n he_o have_v swear_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n whereupon_o reymund_n gather_v together_o a_o hundred_o knight_n or_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o with_o twenty_o other_o horseman_n as_o his_o guard_n three_o hundred_o archer_n on_o horseback_n and_o as_o many_o on_o foot_n about_o the_o first_o of_o october_n attack_v limerick_n and_o come_v to_o the_o river_n shanon_n that_o almost_o encompass_v the_o city_n which_o be_v deep_a and_o swift_a they_o can_v proceed_v no_o further_o courage_n david_n welsh_n his_o courage_n david_n welsh_n so_o call_v from_o his_o family_n not_o country_n a_o courageous_a young_a gentleman_n that_o despise_a death_n in_o respect_n of_o honour_n force_v his_o horse_n into_o the_o river_n and_o pass_v over_o it_o and_o from_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v cry_v out_o to_o the_o army_n he_o have_v find_v a_o ford_n yet_o none_o follow_v he_o but_o one_o geofry_n judas_n a_o common_a soldier_n who_o be_v drown_v meiler_n see_v this_o envy_v the_o courage_n and_o honour_n that_o david_n welsh_n have_v get_v in_o his_o pass_v over_o and_o safe_a return_n clap_v spur_n to_o his_o horse_n and_o go_v through_o the_o river_n notwithstanding_o the_o great_a danger_n he_o be_v to_o undergo_v from_o the_o stone_n throw_v at_o he_o from_o the_o wall_n and_o the_o opposition_n he_o be_v to_o meet_v with_o at_o his_o go_v out_o of_o it_o on_o the_o other_o side_n yet_o he_o get_v safe_a upon_o land_n and_o be_v present_o encounter_v by_o the_o enemy_n reymund_n observe_v in_o what_o danger_n his_o nephew_n be_v encourage_v his_o army_n and_o lead_v they_o over_o with_o the_o loss_n only_o of_o two_o of_o his_o guard_n and_o one_o common_a soldier_n name_v guido_n limerick_n reymund_n take_v limerick_n that_o be_v drown_v he_o present_o drive_v the_o enemy_n into_o the_o city_n and_o with_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o citizen_n take_v it_o by_o force_n wherein_o the_o army_n find_v much_o rich_a booty_n and_o gold_n when_o reymund_n 10_o reymund_n ibid._n c_o 10_o have_v put_v the_o city_n into_o good_a order_n leave_v there_o fifty_o knight_n or_o man_n at_o arm_n with_o 200_o ordinary_a horse_n and_o as_o many_o archer_n he_o march_v into_o leinster_n leave_v miles_n of_o st._n david_n governor_n of_o it_o hervey_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr marisco_n envy_v the_o honour_n and_o success_n of_o reymund_n notwithstanding_o he_o be_v relate_v to_o he_o by_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o cousin_n german_n nesta_n reymund_n hervey_n endeavour_v to_o undermine_v reymund_n the_o daughter_n of_o maurice_n fitz-girald_a ply_v the_o king_n continual_o with_o secret_a and_o malicious_a information_n against_o he_o insinuate_v and_o assert_v that_o he_o will_v not_o only_o subdue_v and_o usurp_v to_o himself_o and_o follower_n the_o country_n of_o limerick_n but_o also_o the_o whole_a nation_n of_o ireland_n the_o king_n move_v with_o this_o information_n and_o give_v credit_n to_o hervey_n send_v 11_o send_v ibid._n c._n 11_o four_o legate_n or_o commissioner_n robert_n poer_n osbert_n de_fw-fr hereford_n william_n the_o bendinge_n and_o adam_n the_o gernemie_n or_o rather_o gernemâ—e_v whereof_o two_o be_v to_o come_v with_o reymund_n be_v recall_v into_o england_n and_o two_o be_v to_o stay_v with_o the_o earl_n but_o it_o so_o happen_v that_o while_n reymund_n be_v prepare_v for_o his_o passage_n into_o england_n messenger_n come_v from_o the_o â—2_n the_o ibid._n c._n â—2_n garrison_n in_o limeric_n limeric_n donald_n besieges_fw-fr limeric_n relate_v that_o donald_n o_o breen_n prince_n of_o tuomond_n with_o a_o great_a multitude_n have_v besiege_v or_o encompass_v it_o and_o that_o in_o winter_n time_n they_o have_v spend_v most_o of_o their_o victual_n and_o therefore_o desire_v sudden_a relief_n the_o earl_n be_v very_o earnest_a and_o solicitous_a to_o relieve_v they_o and_o call_v upon_o and_o quicken_v the_o army_n to_o that_o undertake_n it_o reymund_n send_v to_o relieve_v it_o but_o they_o all_o deny_v to_o march_v without_o reymund_n the_o earl_n advise_v with_o the_o king_n commissioner_n at_o length_n as_o well_o by_o the_o earnest_a request_n and_o pressure_n of_o he_o as_o of_o they_o reymund_n undertake_v the_o service_n and_o march_v towards_o cashil_n with_o 80_o knight_n or_o man_n at_o arm_n 200_o ordinary_a horse_n and_o 300_o archer_n beside_o the_o irish_a he_o bring_v with_o he_o murchard_n prince_n of_o kincel_n perhaps_o now_o kynsale_n and_o donald_n prince_n of_o ossory_n he_o hear_v that_o donald_n of_o tuomond_n have_v leave_v the_o siege_n of_o limeric_n and_o be_v come_v to_o meet_v he_o at_o the_o pass_n of_o cassil_n which_o be_v of_o itself_o very_o strong_a but_o by_o new_a fortify_v it_o with_o ditch_n cut_v down_o of_o tree_n place_v they_o artificial_o and_o make_v strong_a hedge_n it_o be_v make_v as_o it_o be_v impassable_a the_o army_n limeric_n army_n ibid._n c_o 13._o meyler_n enter_v limeric_n march_v in_o three_o division_n meyler_n command_v the_o first_o who_o make_v such_o a_o furious_a onset_n at_o the_o pass_n as_o he_o almost_o destroy_v the_o hedge_n and_o barricado_n of_o tree_n kill_v many_o of_o the_o defendant_n and_o open_v his_o way_n through_o it_o by_o the_o sword_n on_o the_o vigil_n or_o eve_n of_o easter_n and_o on_o tuesday_n that_o week_n enter_v limeric_n with_o his_o victorious_a army_n and_o repair_v what_o have_v be_v ruin_v or_o destroy_v by_o the_o siege_n not_o long_o after_o henry_n after_o ibidem_fw-la conaught_n and_o tuomond_n swear_v fealty_n to_o king_n henry_n reymund_n have_v conference_n with_o the_o prince_n of_o conaught_n and_o tuomond_n on_o the_o same_o day_n but_o not_o in_o the_o same_o place_n after_o much_o discourse_n each_o prince_n give_v hostage_n and_o swear_v inviolable_a fidelity_n for_o the_o future_a to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o substitute_n no_o soon_o son_n soon_o ibidem_fw-la reymund_n help_v dermot_n against_o his_o rebel_n son_n be_v reymund_n return_v with_o his_o hostage_n to_o limeric_n but_o dermot_n mac-carty_n send_v and_o supplicate_v he_o for_o assistance_n against_o his_o elder_a son_n cormach_n o_o lechan_n who_o have_v almost_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n promise_v he_o and_o his_o soldier_n large_a reward_n he_o take_v advice_n about_o his_o request_n and_o then_o march_v to_o cork_n take_v the_o town_n subdue_v the_o rebel_n son_n and_o restore_v the_o father_n and_o return_v with_o much_o booty_n and_o good_a satisfaction_n to_o limeric_n under_o pretence_n of_o peace_n the_o son_n catch_v his_o father_n and_o imprison_v he_o the_o father_n under_o the_o same_o pretence_n get_v his_o son_n and_o chop_v off_o his_o head_n 1175._o a._n d._n 1175._o after_o this_o the_o prince_n of_o conaught_n send_v his_o submission_n and_o condition_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n windsor_n england_n hoved._n f._n 312._o b._n n._n 10_o 20._o king_n henry_n hold_v a_o council_n at_o windsor_n by_o his_o three_o commissioner_n catholic_a archbishop_n of_o tuam_fw-la cantord_a abbot_n of_o st._n brandan_n and_o laurence_n his_o chancellor_n on_o the_o six_o of_o october_n the_o king_n hold_v a_o great_a council_n at_o windsor_n present_v there_o the_o king_n his_o son_n the_o archbishop_z of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n and_o present_v also_o laurence_n the_o archbishop_n of_o dublin_n and_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o england_n where_o they_o make_v this_o concord_n and_o agreement_n on_o behalf_n of_o roderic_n of_o conaught_n first_o the_o king_n of_o england_n roderic_n england_n append._n
fourscore_o clog_n which_o eustace_n the_o monk_n have_v gather_v together_o they_o ship_v themselves_o with_o all_o speed_n and_o land_a in_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n upon_o the_o 21_o of_o may._n king_n john_n land_n john_n ibid._n lin_v 3._o king_n john_n dare_v not_o hinder_v his_o land_n at_o this_o time_n be_v at_o dover_n with_o his_o army_n which_o consist_v of_o stranger_n and_o therefore_o he_o dare_v not_o attempt_v to_o hinder_v the_o land_n of_o the_o french_a lest_o his_o man_n shall_v leave_v he_o and_o go_v off_o to_o lewis_n from_o hence_o he_o march_v leave_v hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n governor_n of_o the_o castle_n to_o guildford_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o winchester_n lewis_n find_v none_o kent_n none_o ibid._n n._n 10._o lewis_n subdue_v kent_n that_o resist_v present_o subdue_v all_o kent_n but_o dover_n castle_n in_o his_o march_n he_o take_v in_o rochester_n castle_n and_o come_v to_o london_n he_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o baron_n with_o all_o imaginable_a demonstration_n of_o joy_n he_o be_v joyful_o receive_v at_o london_n the_o baron_n do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o he_o and_o there_o he_o receive_v the_o homage_n and_o fealty_n of_o all_o the_o baron_n and_o citizen_n that_o be_v in_o expectation_n of_o his_o come_n and_o he_o swear_v to_o they_o upon_o the_o holy_a gospel_n that_o he_o will_v give_v every_o one_o good_a law_n and_o restore_v their_o lose_a estate_n when_o the_o 134._o the_o append._n n._n 134._o peace_n be_v make_v between_o the_o king_n and_o baron_n at_o runemead_n the_o baron_n promise_v they_o will_v give_v the_o king_n any_o security_n he_o shall_v desire_v for_o the_o observation_n of_o it_o except_o their_o castle_n and_o plege_n or_o hostage_n the_o king_n not_o long_o after_o demand_v of_o they_o chart_n by_o which_o they_o be_v to_o acknowledge_v king_n the_o baron_n break_v their_o promise_n with_o the_o king_n they_o be_v bind_v by_o oath_n and_o homage_n to_o keep_v faith_n to_o he_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o life_n and_o limb_n and_o terrene_a honour_n against_o all_o man_n and_o to_o preserve_v and_o defend_v the_o right_n of_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o they_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o when_o as_o most_o of_o the_o same_o man_n without_o summons_n and_o other_o at_o the_o first_o notice_n come_v flock_v in_o to_o swear_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o lewis_n for_o by_o the_o 14_o of_o homage_n of_o mat._n paris_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la lewis_n send_v to_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n to_o come_v and_o do_v he_o homage_n june_n he_o have_v get_v possession_n of_o so_o much_o of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o he_o have_v the_o confidence_n to_o summon_v the_o king_n of_o scot_n and_o all_o the_o great_a man_n of_o england_n to_o come_v and_o do_v he_o homage_n or_o forthwith_o to_o depart_v the_o nation_n and_o with_o great_a speed_n upon_o his_o john_n his_o ibid._n n._n 20_o and_o to_o the_o baron_n several_a of_o they_o desert_n king_n john_n edict_n there_o come_v into_o he_o william_n earl_n waren_fw-ge william_n earl_n of_o arundel_n william_n earl_n of_o salisbury_n william_n marshal_z the_o young_a and_o many_o other_o who_o deserted_n king_n john_n with_o full_a assurance_n that_o lewis_n will_v obtain_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n who_o make_v interdict_v make_v ibid._n simon_n langton_n be_v make_v chancellor_n he_o preach_v against_o the_o interdict_v simon_n langton_n his_o chancellor_n by_o who_o preach_v the_o citizen_n of_o london_n and_o all_o the_o excommunicate_v baron_n cause_v divine_a service_n to_o be_v celebrate_v and_o draw_v in_o lewis_n himself_o to_o consent_v to_o it_o gualo_n the_o legate_n langton_n legate_n ibid._n &_o n._n 30._o gualo_n the_o pope_n legate_n come_v into_o england_n he_o excommunicate_v lewis_n by_o name_n etc._n etc._n and_o simon_n langton_n follow_v lewis_n into_o england_n with_o all_o speed_n and_o get_v safe_a to_o king_n john_n who_o be_v then_o at_o gloucester_n and_o there_o call_v together_o as_o many_o bishop_n abbat_n and_o clerc_n as_o he_o can_v excommunicate_v by_o name_n lewis_n with_o all_o his_o accomplice_n and_o favourer_n and_o especial_o simon_n the_o langton_n command_v all_o the_o bishop_n and_o other_o to_o publish_v the_o sentence_n against_o they_o every_o lord_n day_n and_o festival_n but_o simon_n de_fw-fr langton_n and_o master_n gervase_n de_fw-fr hobrugge_n preceptor_n of_o st._n paul_n london_n say_v they_o have_v appeal_v for_o the_o right_n and_o title_n of_o lewis_n and_o therefore_o the_o sentence_n be_v null_a and_o void_a at_o this_o time_n john_n time_n ibidem_fw-la the_o fleming_n etc._n etc._n leave_v king_n john_n all_o the_o knight_n and_o ordinary_a soldier_n of_o flanders_n and_o other_o transmarine_a country_n leave_v king_n john_n except_o the_o poictovins_n some_o whereof_o go_v over_o to_o lewis_n and_o other_o return_v home_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n sussex_n time_n ibid._n n._n 40._o lewis_n march_v through_o kent_n into_o sussex_n lewis_n with_o a_o great_a army_n march_v through_o kent_n into_o sussex_n and_o reduce_v that_o country_n with_o its_o town_n and_o fortress_n and_o city_n of_o winchester_n with_o the_o castle_n only_o one_o brave_a young_a man_n colingeham_n man_n ibid._n and_o subdue_v that_o country_n the_o bravery_n of_o william_n de_fw-fr colingeham_n william_n de_fw-fr colingeham_n defy_v lewis_n and_o refuse_v to_o swear_v fealty_n to_o he_o who_o with_o a_o thousand_o archer_n all_o the_o time_n of_o hostility_n keep_v himself_o in_o the_o wood_n and_o fastness_n of_o that_o country_n and_o kill_v several_a thousand_o of_o the_o french_a hugh_n de_fw-fr nevil_n he_o nevil_n ibid._n &_o n._n 50._o hugh_n nevil_n deliver_v marleborough_n castle_n to_o lewis_n and_o do_v homage_n to_o he_o come_v to_o lewis_n at_o winchester_n deliver_v he_o the_o castle_n of_o malborough_n and_o do_v homage_n to_o he_o so_o that_o he_o be_v possess_v of_o all_o the_o south_n part_v of_o the_o nation_n except_o the_o castle_n of_o dover_n and_o windsor_n which_o be_v well_o man_v and_o fortify_v and_o prepare_v to_o receive_v he_o suffolk_n he_o ibid._n f._n 283._o lid_n 1._o robert_n fitz-walter_n etc._n etc._n by_o force_n subdue_v essex_n and_o suffolk_n william_n de_fw-fr mandevil_n robert_n fitz-walter_n and_o william_n de_fw-fr huntingfield_n by_o arm_a force_n bring_v under_o his_o obedience_n the_o county_n of_o essex_n and_o suffolk_n in_o the_o west_n the_o ibid._n lin_v 3._o king_n john_n fortify_v and_o strengthen_v his_o castle_n in_o the_o west_n mean_a time_n king_n john_n take_v care_n to_o furnish_v and_o strengthen_v as_o well_o as_o may_v be_v with_o man_n victual_n and_o arm_n several_a castle_n in_o the_o west_n walingford_n corf_n warham_n bristol_n the_o devise_n and_o other_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o success_n lewis_n receive_v a_o account_n from_o the_o messenger_n the_o ibid._n n._n 10._o the_o pope_n answer_n to_o lewis_n his_o messenger_n messenger_n he_o have_v send_v to_o the_o pope_n that_o upon_o their_o application_n to_o he_o and_o present_v his_o salutation_n or_o compliment_n he_o tell_v they_o he_o be_v not_o worthy_a the_o return_n of_o his_o salutation_n they_o reply_v when_o his_o holiness_n have_v hear_v his_o reason_n and_o apology_n they_o doubt_v not_o but_o he_o will_v find_v he_o a_o catholic_n christian_n and_o much_o devote_v to_o he_o and_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o at_o length_n after_o many_o address_n lewis_n address_n append._n 135._o he_o be_v waver_v in_o his_o thought_n and_o favour_n between_o king_n john_n and_o lewis_n find_v he_o waver_v pendulous_a and_o fluctuate_a in_o his_o stability_n and_o affection_n between_o himself_o and_o king_n john_n have_v on_o both_o side_n consider_v his_o interest_n the_o reason_n and_o argument_n present_v to_o the_o pope_n in_o behalf_n of_o lewis_n by_o his_o messenger_n be_v these_o first_o the_o he_o the_o mat._n paris_n fol._n 283._o n._n 30.40_o the_o weak_a argument_n and_o answer_n mutual_o propound_v and_o give_v between_o the_o pope_n and_o lewis_n his_o envoye_n for_o and_o against_o he_o murder_n of_o duke_n arthur_n his_o nephew_n as_o before_o and_o king_n johns_n be_v adjuge_v to_o death_n by_o his_o peer_n for_o that_o fact_n to_o which_o the_o pope_n answer_v the_o baron_n of_o france_n can_v not_o judge_v he_o because_o he_o be_v a_o anoint_a king_n and_o their_o superior_a and_o that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o canon_n to_o judge_v a_o absent_a person_n and_o not_o hear_v to_o make_v his_o defence_n not_o convict_v or_o that_o have_v confess_v his_o crime_n to_o which_o the_o envoye_n of_o lewis_n answer_v it_o be_v a_o custom_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n that_o the_o king_n have_v all_o jurisdiction_n whatsoever_o omnimodam_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la over_o his_o liege_n men._n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v his_o liege_n man_n as_o
county_n of_o essex_n norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n and_o miserable_o waste_v they_o put_v a_o garrison_n into_o the_o castle_n of_o norwich_n which_o thomas_n the_o burgh_n have_v desert_v this_o do_v the_o french_a return_v with_o great_a booty_n and_o spoil_n to_o london_n where_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr gant_n come_v to_o lewis_n by_o who_o he_o be_v gird_v with_o the_o sword_n of_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n and_o make_v earl_n thereof_o and_o be_v then_o send_v to_o restrain_v and_o block_n up_o the_o force_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o nottingham_n and_o newark_n at_o the_o lewis_n the_o ibidem_fw-la york_z and_o yorkshire_n subject_v to_o lewis_n same_o time_n robert_n de_fw-fr ros_fw-fr peter_n de_fw-fr brus_n and_o richard_n de_fw-fr perci_n reduce_v york_n and_o yorkshire_n to_o his_o obedience_n gilbert_n de_fw-fr gant_n and_o robert_n de_fw-fr ropesle_n take_v the_o city_n of_o plunder_v of_o ibid._n f._n 286._o lin_v 1_o 2._o holland_n in_o lincolnshire_n plunder_v lincoln_n with_o the_o country_n round_o about_o except_o the_o castle_n and_o put_v they_o under_o annual_a tribute_n then_o they_o plunder_v holland_n and_o make_v it_o tributary_n he_o tributary_n ibid._n lin_v 4_o a_o great_a part_n of_o northumberland_n make_v subject_a to_o he_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n make_v subject_a to_o lewis_n all_o northumberland_n except_o the_o castle_n which_o hugh_n the_o bailiol_n and_o philip_n de_fw-fr hulecoâ—es_n defend_v about_o castle_n about_o ibid._n n._n 10._o a._n d._n 1216._o lewis_n besiege_v dover_n castle_n midsummer_n lewis_n besiege_v dobe_a castle_n where_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n be_v governor_n after_o he_o have_v batter_v it_o for_o some_o time_n he_o be_v beat_v off_o by_o the_o defendant_n and_o force_v to_o remove_v his_o force_n to_o some_o distance_n where_o they_o lie_v quiet_a and_o intend_v to_o starve_v those_o they_o can_v not_o conquer_v at_o the_o themselves_o the_o ibid._n n._n 20._o part_v of_o the_o baron_n make_v a_o inroad_n into_o cambridgshire_n norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n etc._n etc._n yarmouth_n dunwich_n and_o ipswich_n redeem_v themselves_o same_o time_n part_n of_o the_o baron_n make_v a_o cabalcade_n into_o cambridgeshire_n waste_v the_o whole_a country_n and_o take_v the_o castle_n from_o thence_o they_o march_v into_o norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n and_o plunder_v they_o and_o all_o the_o church_n and_o force_v the_o town_n of_o yarmouth_n dunwich_n and_o ipswich_n to_o most_o grievous_a redemption_n and_o return_v by_o â—chester_n commit_v the_o like_a outrage_n there_o and_o come_v again_o to_o their_o know_a lurk_v place_n of_o london_n add_v london_n add_v ibid._n n._n 30._o they_o return_v with_o their_o plunder_n to_o london_n not_o a_o londoniarum_fw-la latibula_fw-la reversi_fw-la sunt_fw-la after_o this_o the_o castle_n the_o ibid._n n._n 30._o the_o baron_n besiege_v windsor_n castle_n baron_n gather_v together_o a_o great_a force_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o nevers_n and_o besiege_a windsor_n castle_n in_o which_o be_v sixty_o knight_n with_o their_o several_a retinue_n the_o french_a apply_v their_o batter_a engine_n against_o the_o wall_n and_o the_o defendant_n endeavour_v to_o beat_v they_o off_o mat._n paris_n say_v country_n say_v ibid._n n._n 40_o 50._o king_n john_n raise_v a_o army_n out_o of_o his_o garrison_n with_o which_o he_o march_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n and_o waste_v the_o baron_n estate_n the_o baron_n leave_v the_o siege_n of_o windsor_n castle_n and_o follow_v the_o king_n when_o they_o can_v not_o take_v he_o they_o plunder_v the_o country_n so_o soon_o as_o king_n john_n know_v dover_n and_o windsor_n castle_n be_v besiege_a out_o of_o his_o garrison_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n and_o for_o one_o month_n march_v speedy_o up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n and_o waste_v the_o land_n of_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n burn_v their_o house_n destroy_v their_o fruit_n and_o corn._n that_o at_o length_n he_o wander_v into_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n and_o there_o waste_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n roger_n bigod_n william_n de_fw-fr huntingfield_n and_o other_o great_a man_n and_o that_o the_o baron_n see_v they_o can_v make_v no_o progress_n in_o the_o siege_n of_o windsor_n leave_v it_o in_o the_o night_n and_o their_o tent_n behind_o they_o and_o march_v in_o all_o haste_n towards_o cambridge_n that_o they_o may_v shut_v up_o and_o surprise_v the_o king_n but_o he_o have_v notice_n of_o their_o come_v that_o way_n make_v his_o escape_n to_o stanford_n and_o from_o thence_o go_v towards_o lincoln_n the_o castle_n whereof_o be_v then_o besiege_a by_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr gant_n who_o upon_o his_o appearance_n flee_v with_o all_o his_o force_n the_o baron_n hereupon_o have_v miss_v the_o king_n plunder_v and_o waste_v the_o country_n and_o london_n and_o ibid._n fol._n 287._o lin_v 1._o and_o bring_v their_o prey_n to_o london_n return_v to_o london_n with_o their_o spoil_n and_o prey_n where_o place_v a_o garrison_n they_o go_v to_o lewis_n then_o busy_v in_o the_o siege_n of_o dover_n castle_n where_o come_v to_o he_o alexander_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o do_v he_o homage_n for_o the_o land_n he_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n it_o nation_n it_o ibid._n n._n 10_o 20._o the_o viscount_n of_o melun_n discover_v lewis_n his_o design_n and_o intention_n against_o the_o english_a baron_n and_o english_a nation_n happen_v at_o this_o time_n that_o the_o vicecome_v or_o viscount_n of_o melun_n a_o french_a nobleman_n that_o come_v with_o lewis_n into_o england_n fall_v sick_a in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o when_o he_o see_v death_n approach_v he_o call_v to_o he_o some_o of_o the_o baron_n of_o england_n that_o remain_v there_o for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o city_n and_o tell_v they_o he_o be_v sorry_a for_o the_o destruction_n and_o ruin_n that_o be_v come_v upon_o they_o which_o they_o understand_v not_o for_o lewis_n have_v swear_v with_o sixteen_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o france_n that_o when_o he_o have_v conquer_a england_n and_o be_v crown_v he_o will_v for_o ever_o banish_v all_o those_o that_o fight_v for_o he_o and_o persecute_a king_n john_n as_o traitor_n and_o destroy_v all_o their_o generation_n and_o that_o they_o may_v not_o doubt_v of_o it_o he_o affirm_v in_o word_n of_o a_o die_a man_n and_o as_o he_o hope_v for_o salvation_n that_o he_o himself_o be_v one_o of_o those_o that_o swear_v with_o lewis_n and_o so_o wish_v they_o not_o to_o discover_v what_o he_o say_v but_o provide_v for_o their_o safety_n he_o present_o dye_v when_o these_o thing_n crime_n thing_n ibid._n n._n â—0_n the_o baron_n begin_v to_o repent_v of_o their_o usage_n of_o king_n john_n and_o despair_v of_o pardon_n from_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o crime_n be_v whisper_v among_o the_o baron_n they_o be_v much_o trouble_v for_o they_o observe_v that_o when_o lewis_n take_v any_o of_o their_o castle_n from_o the_o king_n he_o place_v in_o they_o french_a governor_n notwithstanding_o their_o opposition_n but_o it_o grieve_v they_o most_o that_o he_o have_v stigmatise_v they_o with_o the_o character_n of_o traitor_n and_o it_o add_v to_o their_o grief_n not_o a_o little_a that_o they_o be_v excommunicate_v some_o of_o they_o reflect_v upon_o their_o condition_n think_v of_o return_v to_o their_o obedience_n but_o fear_v they_o have_v so_o high_o provoke_v king_n john_n that_o he_o will_v not_o admit_v of_o their_o repentance_n upon_o the_o patent_n summer_n patent_n rot._n pat._n 18_o johan_n the_o king_n be_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o west_n country_n most_o part_n of_o the_o summer_n roll_v of_o this_o year_n we_o find_v king_n john_n busy_v in_o the_o west_n all_o this_o summer_n from_o almost_o the_o begin_n of_o may_n to_o the_o begin_n of_o september_n for_o by_o the_o grant_v there_o make_v the_o protection_n and_o other_o thing_n there_o grant_v we_o find_v he_o be_v in_o perpetual_a motion_n and_o he_o very_o seldom_o stay_v 2_o or_o 3_o day_n in_o a_o place_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o test_n of_o the_o patent_n where_o the_o place_n of_o his_o be_v be_v always_o express_v sometime_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o summer_n he_o be_v at_o winchester_n at_o the_o divise_n at_o bristol_n wells_n shirborn_n warham_n corf_n castle_n lutgarsâ—al_n berkeley_n castle_n and_o very_o many_o other_o place_n in_o the_o west_n country_n and_o backward_o and_o forward_o to_o and_o from_o the_o same_o place_n while_o he_o be_v here_o in_o the_o west_n he_o make_v etc._n make_v append._n n._n 136._o lin_n in_o norfolk_n a_o place_n of_o refuge_n for_o the_o king_n persecute_a subject_n his_o treasure_n there_o secure_v etc._n etc._n lin_n in_o norfolk_n as_o it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o refuge_n or_o defence_n to_o those_o of_o his_o party_n and_o his_o loyal_a subject_n and_o there_o also_o without_o doubt_n secure_v
however_o he_o send_v they_o prisoner_n to_o paris_n and_o there_o to_o be_v secure_v this_o put_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o defendant_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n his_o castle_n into_o such_o a_o affright_n that_o some_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n come_v in_o and_o deliver_v up_o their_o key_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o other_o capitulate_v upon_o his_o appear_v before_o they_o these_o uninterrupted_a success_n make_v the_o distress_n the_o fol._n 589._o l._n 1._o the_o earl_n of_o march_n repent_v he_o that_o he_o have_v engage_v himself_o against_o his_o own_o king_n king_n henry_n put_v upon_o great_a difficulty_n and_o distress_n earl_n of_o march_n and_o his_o poictovins_n almost_o desperate_a who_o now_o begin_v to_o repent_v they_o have_v engage_v themselves_o against_o their_o own_o lord_n the_o king_n of_o france_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o king_n of_o england_n come_v before_o the_o city_n of_o tailleburgh_n and_o pitch_v in_o a_o meadow_n over_o against_o it_o when_o the_o king_n of_o france_n hear_v of_o it_o he_o march_v with_o his_o army_n towards_o that_o place_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o citizen_n have_v notice_n of_o his_o approach_n they_o go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o and_o surrender_v their_o city_n to_o he_o and_o invite_v he_o to_o take_v possession_n of_o it_o when_o the_o king_n of_o england_n see_v himself_o thus_o disappoint_v and_o that_o he_o must_v now_o fight_v the_o french_a with_o the_o man_n he_o have_v with_o he_o 50_o he_o ibid._n n._n 50_o he_o call_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n and_o ask_v how_o he_o have_v perform_v his_o promise_n of_o procure_v man_n enough_o to_o baffle_v the_o french_a if_o he_o supply_v they_o with_o money_n the_o earl_n reply_v he_o never_o make_v any_o such_o promise_n he_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n deny_v his_o promise_n make_v to_o he_o then_o earl_n richard_n produce_v the_o chart_n of_o agreement_n between_o they_o he_o deny_v that_o it_o be_v ever_o make_v or_o seal_v by_o he_o or_o that_o he_o have_v ever_o encourage_v the_o undertake_n this_o expedition_n but_o it_o be_v 4._o be_v fol._n 590._o lin_v 1_o 2_o 3_o 4._o the_o contrivance_n of_o his_o wife_n and_o his_o mother_n when_o the_o king_n hear_v the_o earl_n reply_n he_o be_v very_o much_o concern_v and_o earl_n richard_n see_v the_o danger_n the_o king_n be_v in_o of_o be_v make_v prisoner_n truce_n prisoner_n fol._n 590._o n._n 10._o earl_n richard_z go_v to_o the_o french_a camp_n and_o obtain_v a_o truce_n disarm_v himself_o and_o with_o a_o staff_n in_o his_o hand_n go_v to_o the_o french_a camp_n where_o he_o be_v kind_o and_o honourable_o receive_v and_o be_v introduce_v to_o the_o king_n presence_n he_o desire_v a_o truce_n which_o the_o king_n grant_v for_o one_o day_n and_o a_o night_n follow_v assoon_o as_o the_o earl_n have_v obtain_v this_o truce_n he_o return_v to_o king_n henry_n and_o advise_v he_o to_o make_v his_o escape_n with_o as_o much_o speed_n as_o he_o can_v otherwise_o he_o will_v be_v take_v prisoner_n xaint_n prisoner_n ibid._n n._n â—0_n king_n henry_n flight_n to_o xaint_n the_o king_n follow_v his_o advice_n take_v horse_n at_o night_n and_o never_o stop_v till_o he_o come_v to_o xaint_n the_o whole_a army_n follow_v he_o but_o with_o great_a hazard_n and_o some_o loss_n next_o day_n the_o king_n of_o france_n decamp_v and_o march_v with_o his_o army_n towards_o xaint_n after_o some_o few_o day_n both_o army_n meet_v and_o fight_v and_o have_v the_o english_a french_a english_a ibid_fw-la n._n 40._o a_o fight_n between_o the_o english_a and_o french_a equal_v the_o french_a in_o number_n they_o have_v gain_v a_o entire_a victory_n the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o be_v slay_v on_o either_o side_n be_v not_o mention_v but_o the_o prisoner_n that_o be_v take_v be_v exchange_v those_o that_o behave_v themselves_o with_o courage_n and_o resolution_n in_o this_o battle_n be_v simon_n montfort_n earl_n of_o leicester_n the_o earl_n of_o salisbury_n the_o earl_n of_o norfolk_n roger_n bigod_n john_n de_fw-fr burgo_n warin_n de_fw-fr monâ—chensy_n hubert_n fitz-matthew_n ralph_n fitz-nicholas_n with_o some_o other_o when_o the_o france_n the_o fol._n 591._o n._n 10_o 20._o the_o earl_n of_o march_n endeavour_n to_o be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n earl_n of_o march_n see_v how_o successful_a the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v in_o every_o thing_n he_o attempt_v and_o that_o his_o strength_n daily_o increase_v he_o begin_v to_o consider_v how_o he_o shall_v regain_v his_o favour_n and_o be_v reconcile_v unto_o he_o he_o therefore_o privy_o send_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o britain_n that_o he_o with_o the_o bishop_n of_o xaint_n will_v use_v their_o endeavour_n with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n to_o procure_v his_o pardon_n upon_o this_o they_o both_o go_v to_o the_o king_n and_o assure_v he_o that_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n be_v sensible_a how_o much_o he_o have_v offend_v against_o he_o and_o his_o crown_n and_o implore_v his_o mercy_n and_o favour_n add_v he_o may_v receive_v he_o under_o what_o condition_n he_o please_v the_o king_n of_o france_n peace_n france_n ibid._n n._n 30_o 40._o the_o term_n upon_o which_o he_o make_v his_o peace_n accept_v the_o offer_n and_o be_v reconcile_v unto_o he_o upon_o these_o term_n that_o whatever_n that_o king_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o the_o earl_n during_o this_o war_n shall_v be_v for_o ever_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o also_o that_o all_o those_o castle_n that_o be_v in_o his_o possession_n whether_o they_o be_v his_o own_o or_o his_o friend_n which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v injurious_a to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n shall_v be_v deliver_v into_o his_o hand_n for_o three_o year_n and_o then_o not_o to_o be_v restore_v unless_o the_o king_n be_v satisfy_v of_o his_o fidelity_n that_o he_o shall_v with_o 200_o arm_a man_n enter_v into_o his_o service_n and_o faithful_o serve_v he_o for_o three_o year_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n against_o all_o enemy_n of_o the_o church_n or_o crown_n of_o france_n moreover_o he_o shall_v surrender_v up_o his_o charter_n whereby_o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v he_o 10000_o l._n a_o year_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o march_n and_o shall_v quit_v any_o such_o claim_n for_o the_o future_a service_n future_a ibid._n n._n 50._o he_o enter_v into_o the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o service_n to_o these_o hard_a condition_n he_o be_v force_v to_o consent_v to_o obtain_v his_o pardon_n and_o be_v present_o send_v against_o the_o earl_n of_o tholouse_n his_o old_a friend_n and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n confederate_a this_o be_v all_o do_v without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o king_n henry_n who_o have_v by_o xaint_n by_o fol._n 592._o n._n 10._o king_n henry_n lose_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o xaint_n charter_n give_v the_o city_n of_o xaint_n to_o hugh_n bruno_n the_o earl_n of_o march_n his_o son_n and_o his_o young_a brother_n without_o the_o privity_n of_o the_o citizen_n whereby_o the_o king_n lose_v their_o affection_n for_o that_o they_o hate_v hugh_n however_o he_o think_v himself_o safe_a and_o secure_a there_o till_o he_o be_v inform_v by_o one_o from_o the_o french_a camp_n that_o that_o king_n blaie_v king_n ibid._n n._n â—0_n he_o be_v certify_v the_o king_n of_o france_n design_v to_o besiege_v that_o city_n his_o flight_n to_o blaie_v design_v to_o come_v and_o besiege_v that_o city_n very_o sudden_o and_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o rise_v till_o he_o have_v make_v he_o prisoner_n which_o be_v confirm_v by_o another_o who_o likewise_o assure_v he_o that_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n be_v revolt_v to_o the_o french_a and_o if_o he_o continue_v there_o one_o night_n long_o he_o will_v be_v besiege_v king_n henry_n be_v by_o this_o second_o messenger_n confirm_v in_o his_o belief_n that_o the_o news_n be_v true_a flee_v to_o blaie_v a_o town_n in_o gascoigny_n about_o 40_o or_o 50_o english_a mile_n from_o xaint_n and_o his_o army_n follow_v but_o be_v so_o harass_v with_o the_o length_n and_o suddenness_n of_o the_o march_n that_o they_o be_v unfit_a for_o any_o service_n france_n all_o poictou_n submit_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n upon_o this_o xaint_n ponz_n and_o all_o poictou_n forthwith_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n only_a hertoldus_n governor_n of_o henry_n of_o fol._n 593._o n._n 50._o hertoldus_n his_o fidelity_n to_o king_n henry_n mirabell_n castle_n go_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o implore_v his_o protection_n to_o who_o the_o king_n reply_v he_o be_v betray_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n and_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o secure_v his_o own_o person_n and_o therefore_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o act_v according_a to_o his_o own_o discretion_n then_o he_o go_v to_o the_o king_n of_o
call_v a_o parliament_n at_o winchester_n by_o advice_n whereof_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v seize_v for_o their_o rebellion_n and_o the_o great_a offender_n commit_v to_o prison_n to_o be_v punish_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n this_o parliament_n also_o land_n also_o append._n n._n 223._o the_o parliament_n give_v the_o king_n the_o rebel_n land_n give_v the_o king_n all_o the_o rebel_n land_n and_o he_o appoint_v two_o commissioner_n in_o each_o county_n who_o with_o the_o sheriff_n be_v to_o extend_v they_o and_o return_v the_o extent_n with_o the_o name_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o name_n of_o those_o who_o land_n they_o be_v to_o he_o at_o westminster_n by_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n edward_n that_o be_v the_o 13_o of_o october_n and_o they_o be_v to_o appoint_v two_o collector_n in_o every_o hundred_o to_o collect_v michaelmass_o rend_v and_o to_o deliver_v they_o a_o note_v what_o it_o be_v this_o commission_n bear_v date_n at_o winchester_n the_o 21_o of_o september_n paris_n say_v subject_n the_o king_n grant_v they_o to_o his_o faithful_a subject_n the_o king_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n edward_n disinherit_v all_o that_o stand_v with_o montfort_n and_o give_v their_o land_n to_o those_o that_o have_v faithful_o serve_v he_o according_a to_o their_o merit_n f._n 999._o lin_v 7._o on_o the_o six_o of_o october_n the_o king_n london_n king_n append._n n._n 224._o his_o writ_n to_o the_o guardian_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n write_v to_o his_o four_o guardian_n of_o his_o city_n of_o london_n humphrey_n de_fw-fr bohun_n earl_n of_o hereford_n john_n de_fw-fr bailol_n roger_n de_fw-fr leyburn_n and_o robert_n walerand_n that_o whereas_o the_o mayor_n citizens_z and_o whole_a comunity_n of_o the_o city_n aforesaid_a have_v as_o well_o concern_v their_o life_n and_o limb_n as_o their_o land_n tenement_n good_n and_o other_o thing_n whatsoever_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o king_n pleasure_n therefore_o they_o be_v to_o cause_v proclamation_n to_o be_v make_v that_o his_o peace_n shall_v be_v firm_o keep_v in_o the_o city_n and_o part_n adjoin_v to_o preserve_v it_o from_o be_v plunder_v on_o the_o same_o day_n the_o king_n middlesex_n king_n append._n n._n 225._o he_o make_v philip_n de_fw-fr covel_n sheriff_n of_o middlesex_n direct_v his_o writ_n to_o all_o such_o as_o have_v business_n at_o the_o county_n court_n for_o middlesex_n that_o because_o he_o have_v not_o then_o appoint_v a_o sheriff_n in_o that_o county_n he_o command_v they_o to_o submit_v to_o and_o obey_v philip_n de_fw-fr conel_n or_o covel_n as_o his_o sheriff_n who_o be_v to_o hold_v the_o court_n for_o that_o day_n on_o the_o same_o edward_n same_o pat._n 49._o h._n 3._o n._n 21._o he_o give_v the_o land_n of_o two_o citizen_n of_o london_n to_o his_o son_n edward_n day_n he_o declare_v he_o have_v give_v all_o the_o land_n and_o good_n of_o thomas_n diwelesdon_n and_o michael_n thâ—ny_a citizen_n of_o london_n to_o his_o son_n edward_n on_o the_o 15_o of_o october_n the_o king_n pleasure_n king_n pat._n 49._o h_o 3_o m._n 4._o he_o commit_v the_o custody_n of_o london_n to_o hugh_n fâ—tz-oto_a during_o pleasure_n commit_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o city_n and_o tower_n of_o london_n to_o hugh_n fitz_n oto_n during_o pleasure_n answer_v the_o profit_n of_o they_o at_o the_o exchequer_n and_o roger_n leyburn_n be_v command_v to_o deliver_v they_o and_o the_o citizen_n and_o community_n of_o london_n be_v command_v to_o be_v answerable_a and_o submit_v to_o he_o in_o all_o thing_n appertain_v to_o his_o guardianship_n this_o year_n die_v pope_n vrban_n the_o four_o to_o who_o succeed_v succeed_v succeed_v mat._n westm_n f._n 396._o n._n 50._o pope_n vrban_n the_o four_o die_v and_o clement_n the_o four_o succeed_v clement_n the_o four_o before_o his_o consecration_n he_o be_v guido_n bishop_n of_o la_fw-fr sabina_n a_o cardinal_n and_o legat_n send_v for_o england_n but_o the_o england_n the_o ibid._n f._n 397._o lin_v 6._o ottobâ—n_o send_v a_o legate_n into_o england_n baron_n and_o bishop_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o land_n there_o when_o he_o be_v come_v as_o far_o as_o bologne_n in_o france_n and_o therefore_o he_o excommunicate_v several_a of_o the_o bishop_n he_o at_o the_o request_n of_o king_n henry_n send_v ottobon_n deacon-cardinal_n of_o st._n adrian_n legate_n into_o england_n and_o crown_v restore_v crown_v paris_n f._n 999._o n._n 50._o a._n d._n 1266._o 50_o hen._n 3._o those_o that_o be_v force_v to_o serve_v against_o the_o king_n have_v their_o land_n restore_v charles_n brother_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n king_n of_o sicily_n at_o rome_n many_o person_n pretend_v and_o plead_v for_o themselves_o that_o against_o their_o will_n they_o be_v force_v into_o the_o service_n of_o simon_n montfort_n the_o king_n direct_v his_o writ_n to_o the_o dor_n the_o claus_n 50_o h._n 3._o m._n 10._o dor_n sheriff_n of_o several_a county_n to_o make_v inquisition_n whether_o it_o be_v so_o or_o not_o and_o if_o find_v to_o be_v so_o they_o have_v seisin_n of_o their_o land_n again_o so_o as_o they_o stand_v to_o right_o in_o the_o king_n court._n dated_n november_n 6._o the_o man_n of_o the_o cinque-port_n that_o be_v the_o king_n enemy_n and_o have_v take_v part_n with_o the_o earl_n of_o leycester_n commit_v rapine_n and_o piracy_n at_o sea_n the_o king_n dor_n king_n claus_n 50._o h._n 3._o m._n 9_o dor_n write_v to_o the_o bailiff_n and_o good_a man_n of_o yarmouth_n to_o set_v forth_o 20_o ship_n with_o 40_o man_n in_o every_o ship_n at_o least_o to_o be_v at_o sandwich_n by_o the_o first_o of_o january_n to_o chase_v and_o fight_v with_o and_o take_v his_o enemy_n dated_n november_n 24._o the_o city_n and_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o county_n of_o middlesex_n with_o all_o appertinency_n be_v pleasure_n be_v pat._n 50._o h._n 3._o m._n 41._o n._n 117._o the_o king_n appoint_v two_o keeper_n of_o london_n during_o pleasure_n commit_v to_o the_o custody_n of_o john_n walerand_n and_o john_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr lind_n during_o pleasure_n to_o answer_v the_o profit_n arise_v from_o they_o at_o the_o exchequer_n and_o hugh_n fitz_n oto_n be_v command_v to_o deliver_v they_o dated_n november_n 28._o the_o king_n send_v his_o northampton_n his_o claus_n 50._o â—_o 3._o m._n 8._o dor_n he_o command_v all_o his_o military_a tenant_n to_o attend_v he_o at_o northampton_n precept_n to_o all_o the_o sheriff_n in_o england_n to_o make_v proclamation_n in_o their_o respective_a county_n that_o all_o who_o hold_v of_o he_o in_o capite_fw-la and_o ought_v he_o service_n shall_v be_v at_o northampton_n on_o the_o 27_o of_o january_n to_o go_v against_o his_o enemy_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o kenelworth_n and_o other_o straggler_n that_o will_v renew_v the_o war_n if_o not_o prevent_v dated_n december_n the_o 20_o at_o northampton_n the_o abbot_n of_o peterburgh_n ibidem_fw-la peterburgh_n ibidem_fw-la make_v fine_a and_o compound_v with_o the_o king_n for_o this_o expedition_n only_o at_o fourscore_o mark_n the_o king_n at_o pleasure_n at_o paris_n f._n 1000_o n._n 20._o simon_n montfort_n the_o young_a submit_v to_o the_o king_n pleasure_n christmas_n be_v at_o northampton_n with_o his_o queen_n the_o king_n of_o almain_n and_o the_o legate_n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o friend_n simon_n montfort_n the_o young_a submit_v himself_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o legate_n the_o king_n of_o almain_n his_o uncle_n and_o philip_n basset_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o they_o to_o make_v what_o term_n for_o he_o they_o think_v fit_a with_o the_o king_n save_v to_o himself_o his_o life_n and_o limb_n and_o except_v perpetual_a imprisonment_n simon_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o king_n and_o it_o be_v yield_v be_v ibid._n n._n 30._o kenelworth_n castle_n refuse_v to_o yield_v determine_v he_o shall_v deliver_v the_o castle_n of_o kenelworth_n to_o the_o king_n and_o depart_v the_o kingdom_n and_o receive_v out_o of_o the_o exchequer_n every_o year_n 500_o mark_n until_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o peace_n establish_v but_o those_o within_o the_o castle_n not_o like_v these_o condition_n will_v neither_o yield_v it_o to_o the_o king_n nor_o simon_n who_o be_v yet_o under_o a_o guard_n and_o say_v they_o receive_v not_o the_o castle_n to_o defend_v from_o simon_n but_o from_o the_o countess_n his_o mother_n and_o will_v surrender_v it_o to_o none_o but_o she_o and_o that_o in_o her_o presence_n the_o citizen_n of_o london_n make_v condition_n make_v pat._n 50._o h._n 3._o m._n 35._o cedula_fw-la the_o city_n of_o london_n fine_v and_o pardon_v and_o restore_v under_o condition_n fine_a to_o the_o king_n for_o their_o offence_n towards_o he_o his_o queen_n richard_z king_n of_o almain_n his_o brother_n and_o his_o son_n edward_n 2000_o mark_n for_o which_o he_o pardon_v their_o transgression_n and_o excess_n omnes_fw-la
earl_n of_o holderness_n this_o whole_a year_n prove_v very_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a holy-land_n prince_n edward_n preparation_n for_o tâ—_n holy-land_n and_o nothing_o memorable_a happen_v only_o the_o great_a preparation_n prince_n edward_n and_o other_o who_o have_v undertake_v the_o cross_n make_v for_o their_o journey_n to_o the_o holy-land_n the_o king_n as_o well_o as_o edward_n as_o append_v n._n 226._o king_n henry_n sign_v with_o the_o cross_n he_o commit_v his_o cross_a aâ—_n aid_v to_o his_o sâ—_n prince_n edward_n prince_n edward_n be_v sign_v with_o the_o cross_n for_o this_o expedition_n but_o the_o prelate_n great-man_n and_o community_n of_o the_o land_n do_v not_o think_v it_o expedient_a nor_o safe_a for_o they_o both_o to_o be_v absent_a at_o that_o time_n and_o therefore_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o say_a prelate_n and_o great-man_n he_o commit_v the_o business_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o the_o sign_n of_o his_o cross_n to_o his_o son_n edward_n and_o all_o the_o twenty_o part_n of_o movable_n grant_v for_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o holy-land_n in_o the_o year_n 1271._o king_n henry_n 127â—_n henry_n paris_n fâ—_n 1006._o n._n 30_o a._n d._n 127â—_n with_o his_o queen_n son_n and_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n keep_v his_o christmas_n at_o london_n on_o the_o second_o of_o april_n casâ—_n april_n ibid._n 1007._o n._n 30._o richard_n kinâ—_n of_o the_o romaâ—_n die_v at_o berâ—chamsted_n casâ—_n richard_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n die_v at_o berkamstede_n castle_n his_o heart_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o friar_n minor_n church_n at_o oxford_n and_o his_o body_n in_o the_o church_n he_o build_v at_o his_o own_o charge_n for_o the_o monk_n of_o the_o cistercian_n order_n de_fw-fr hailes_n in_o may_n follow_v prince_n edward_n his_o brother_n edmund_n franâ—_n prince_n edward_n begin_v his_o journey_n 〈◊〉_d the_o holy-laâ—_a he_o land_n at_o tunis_n and_o be_v kind_o receive_v by_o the_o king_n of_o franâ—_n four_z earls_z and_z as_o many_o baron_n beside_o a_o great_a number_n of_o nobleman_n begin_v their_o journey_n to_o the_o holy-land_n and_o after_o ten_o day_n sail_v from_o france_n he_o land_v at_o tunis_n where_o he_o be_v meet_v by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o his_o chief_a man_n with_o great_a joy_n and_o kindness_n 40._o kindness_n fol._n 10â—_o n._n 40._o in_o august_n disease_n and_o great_a infirmity_n seize_v and_o afflict_v the_o french_a king_n army_n which_o take_v away_o many_o of_o great_a note_n whereof_o the_o chief_a be_v john_n earl_n of_o nevers_n the_o king_n son_n and_o the_o cardinal_n of_o albania_n the_o apostolic_a legate_n and_o on_o the_o day_n after_o st._n bartholomew_n king_n lewis_n tunis_n lewis_n ibid._n n._n 5_o the_o king_n oâ—_n france_n die_v at_o tunis_n depart_v this_o life_n at_o tunis_n at_o the_o same_o time_n henry_n the_o son_n of_o richard_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n desire_v leave_v of_o his_o cousin_n prince_n edward_n to_o return_v into_o england_n and_o have_v obtain_v licence_n in_o his_o journey_n homeward_o he_o be_v viterbo_n be_v fol._n 1007._o n._n 20._o prince_n henry_n slay_v at_o viterbo_n slay_v at_o viterbo_n while_o he_o be_v at_o mass_n in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n laurence_n by_o guido_n the_o son_n of_o simon_n montfort_n earl_n of_o leycester_n to_o revenge_v his_o father_n death_n all_o these_o misfortune_n can_v not_o discourage_v 30._o discourage_v ibid._n n._n 30._o prince_n edward_n from_o proceed_v in_o his_o journey_n to_o acon_n where_o alienor_fw-la his_o wife_n be_v bring_v to_o bed_n of_o a_o daughter_n which_o be_v name_v acon_n name_v fol._n 1006._o n._n 30._o joan_n de_fw-fr acres_n prince_n edward_n daughter_n bear_v at_o acon_n joan_n de_fw-fr acres_n afterward_o marry_v to_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n when_o the_o english_a see_v the_o undaunted_a spirit_n of_o their_o prince_n they_o resolve_v cheerful_o to_o accompany_v he_o in_o all_o his_o undertake_n in_o the_o year_n 1272._o while_n prince_n acon_n prince_n fol._n 1007._o n._n 40._o a._n d._n 1272._o prince_n edward_n escape_v a_o great_a danger_n at_o acon_n edward_n continue_v at_o acon_n the_o admiral_n of_o joppa_n or_o consul_n as_o we_o call_v that_o dignity_n send_v to_o he_o several_a letter_n and_o message_n of_o friendship_n and_o kindness_n by_o one_o anzazim_n who_o have_v be_v ever_o educate_v underground_o that_o he_o may_v prove_v the_o more_o undaunted_a in_o any_o attempt_n of_o desperate_a wickedness_n one_o time_n he_o pretend_v to_o have_v some_o private_a business_n to_o communicate_v to_o he_o upon_o this_o the_o prince_n command_v all_o that_o be_v present_a to_o retire_v and_o as_o he_o be_v look_v out_o of_o the_o window_n on_o a_o sudden_a the_o assassin_n draw_v out_o a_o poison_a knife_n and_o give_v he_o two_o wound_n in_o the_o arm_n and_o one_o in_o the_o arm-hole_n the_o prince_n have_v present_o recover_v himself_o throw_v he_o on_o the_o ground_n and_o then_o snatch_v the_o knife_n out_o of_o his_o hand_n and_o immediate_o kill_v he_o with_o it_o other_o report_v he_o beat_v out_o his_o brain_n with_o a_o stool_n that_o be_v next_o he_o then_o he_o call_v in_o his_o friend_n and_o servant_n and_o relate_v to_o they_o what_o mischief_n have_v befall_v he_o and_o command_v the_o body_n of_o the_o assassin_n to_o be_v hang_v upon_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n with_o a_o live_a dog_n by_o it_o to_o be_v a_o terror_n to_o other_o when_o the_o admiral_n hear_v of_o it_o he_o show_v great_a sorrow_n and_o assure_v the_o prince_n he_o be_v no_o way_n privy_a to_o it_o but_o when_o the_o soldier_n hear_v how_o their_o prince_n be_v wound_v they_o resolve_v to_o have_v revenge_v themselves_o upon_o the_o saracen_n but_o be_v hinder_v by_o the_o prince_n next_o year_n there_o arise_v a_o great_a quarrel_n between_o the_o punish_v the_o fol._n 1008._o n._n 40.50_o a._n d._n 1273._o a_o great_a quarrel_n between_o the_o citizen_n of_o norwich_n and_o the_o monk_n the_o cathedral_n burn_v the_o citizen_n punish_v citizen_n of_o norwich_n and_o the_o monk_n which_o be_v increase_v to_o such_o a_o height_n that_o the_o citizen_n set_v fire_n to_o the_o church_n which_o together_o with_o the_o adjoin_a building_n be_v all_o consume_v except_o the_o chapel_n of_o st._n walter_n nigh_o the_o infirmary_n and_o sacrilegious_o carry_v away_o the_o holy_a vessel_n and_o other_o utensil_n and_o their_o book_n which_o escape_v the_o flame_n the_o king_n be_v much_o move_v at_o this_o wickedness_n and_o send_v justiciary_a tribet_n down_o to_o norwich_n who_o convict_v a_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o offender_n and_o condemn_v they_o all_o to_o be_v draw_v at_o horse_n tail_n and_o hang_v soon_o after_o the_o king_n go_v thither_o in_o person_n and_o when_o he_o behold_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o church_n he_o can_v scarce_o refrain_v from_o tear_n the_o bishop_n of_o rochester_n excommunicate_v all_o that_o be_v concern_v in_o or_o abet_v this_o wickedness_n and_o the_o king_n condemn_v the_o community_n of_o the_o town_n to_o pay_v 3000_o mark_n of_o silver_n fine_v and_o fine_v towards_o the_o rebuild_n of_o the_o church_n beside_o ten_o pound_n in_o gold_n and_o the_o value_n of_o one_o hundred_o pound_n in_o silver_n for_o a_o golden_a cup_n ad_fw-la restaurandam_fw-la cuppam_n auream_fw-la matt._n westminster_n say_v they_o be_v draw_v and_o hang_v judicial_o and_o then_o burn_v and_o the_o good_n of_o those_o that_o flee_v confiscate_v for_o the_o due_a prosecution_n of_o these_o criminal_n the_o king_n send_v his_o sick_a his_o pat._n 56._o hen._n 3._o m._n â—_o intus_fw-la the_o knight_n and_o freeholder_n of_o norâ—folk_n and_o suffolk_n summon_v to_o meet_v the_o king_n at_o norwich_n as_o also_o the_o knight_n and_o freeholder_n cambridge_n aâ—_n huntingtonshire_n king_n henry_n fall_v sick_a precept_n to_o william_n gifford_n sheriff_n of_o norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n dated_n september_n the_o 6_o the_o at_o st._n edmunds-bury_a to_o summon_v all_o the_o knight_n and_o freeholders_n of_o both_o county_n that_o have_v twenty_o pound_n a_o year_n and_o above_o to_o appear_v before_o he_o at_o norwich_n on_o the_o 15_o the_o of_o the_o same_o month_n to_o do_v as_o they_o shall_v be_v direct_v by_o he_o with_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n the_o same_o writ_n issue_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o cambridge_n and_o huntingtonshires_n to_o summon_v twenty_o four_o knight_n and_o freeholders_n milites_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la tenentes_fw-la that_o have_v twenty_o pound_n a_o year_n or_o above_o to_o be_v at_o norwich_n the_o same_o day_n then_o the_o king_n return_v to_o london_n and_o as_o he_o pass_v by_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n edmund_n he_o be_v seize_v on_o by_o a_o languish_a distemper_n which_o never_o leave_v he_o as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v in_o his_o sickness_n the_o die_v the_o paris_n 1009._o n._n 10._o and_o die_v earl_n baron_n
excommunicate_v such_o b_o ps_n as_o favour_v s._n montfort_n f._n 659._o e._n his_o admonition_n to_o the_o disinherited_a baron_n ibid._n f._n he_o hold_v a_o council_n at_o london_n f._n 664._o e._n oudoceus_fw-la bishop_n of_o landaf_n excommunicate_v three_o welsh_a king_n for_o murder_n f._n 100_o f._n oxford_n interdict_a by_o otto_n the_o legate_n f._n 570._o e._n on_o what_o condition_n release_v ibid._n f._n a_o great_a difference_n between_o the_o scholar_n and_o townsman_n f._n 575._o lin_v 2._o oxgange_v what_o it_o be_v f._n 141._o f._n p._n pagi_n what_o they_o be_v and_o be_v f._n 55._o c.d.e.f._n pall_v what_o f._n 102._o f._n pandulph_n send_v legate_n into_o england_n f._n 483_o f._n he_o affright_a king_n john_n into_o a_o compliance_n with_o the_o pope_n f._n 484._o e._n his_o advice_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n f_o 486._o b._n panis_n benedictus_n what_o it_o be_v f._n 537._o f._n papal_a exaction_n and_o extortion_n f._n 542._o f._n 543._o a._n 594._o e._n 595._o a._n a_o general_a clamour_n against_o they_o in_o france_n f._n 597._o d._n and_o in_o ireland_n f._n 599._o c._n papinianus_n chief_a minister_n of_o justice_n in_o britain_n f._n 30._o d._n parage_v what_o f._n 165._o f._n &_o 204._o e._n matt._n paris_n charge_v king_n john_n with_o inhumanity_n f._n 505._o b._n c._n his_o character_n of_o pope_n innocent_a the_o 3.d_o f._n 507._o f._n his_o inconsistency_n with_o himself_o in_o his_o history_n f._n 582._o f._n parliament_n at_z oxford_z f._n 473._o d._n at_o london_n f._n 531._o e._n at_o northampton_n f._n 534._o a._n at_o westminster_n f._n 535._o lin_v 1._o at_o westminster_n f._n 536._o a._n at_o westminster_n f._n 542._o d._n at_o westminster_n f._n 546._o a._n at_o westminster_n f._n 548._o a._n at_o lambeth_n f._n 550._o e._n f._n at_o london_n f._n 564._o c._n at_o winchester_n f._n 565._o a._n e._n f._n at_o york_n f._n 568._o c._n at_o london_n f._n 581._o f._n at_o westminster_n f._n 590._o b._n at_o london_n a_o general_n one_o f._n 594._o d._n at_o winchester_n f._n 596._o b._n at_o london_n f._n 597._o f._n at_o london_n f._n 600._o e._n at_o london_n f._n 610._o e._n at_o westminster_n f._n 621._o b._n at_o london_n f._n 623._o f._n at_o oxford_n f._n 624._o c._n what_o ordinance_n make_v there_o f._n 627._o e._n f._n three_o to_o be_v hold_v every_o year_n f._n 626._o c._n at_o kenelworth_n f._n 658._o a._n etc._n etc._n at_o st._n edmunds-bury_a f._n 661._o a._n b._n the_o king_n and_o legate_n demand_n make_v there_o and_o the_o answer_v they_o receive_v ibid._n c._n d._n e._n f._n at_o merlebergh_n f._n 665._o b._n hugh_n pateshul_n make_v justiciary_a f._n 561._o f._n st._n paul_n when_o build_v and_o make_v a_o cathedral_n f._n 103._o f._n paulinus_n ordain_v bishop_n and_o baptise_a edwin_n f._n 104._o e._n f._n paulus_n catena_n his_o cruelty_n f._n 34._o c._n peculiar_o their_o original_a f._n 215._o c._n pelagian_a heresy_n propagate_v in_o britain_n f._n 38_o e._n perennis_n a_o great_a favourite_n of_o the_o emperor_n commodus_n f._n 28._o f._n he_o be_v accuse_v of_o treason_n by_o the_o soldier_n and_o put_v to_o death_n f._n 29._o a._n pertinax_n send_v into_o britain_n by_o commodus_n f._n 29._o b._n c._n peter_n the_o hermit_n preach_v up_o the_o holy-war_n f._n 223._o b._n his_o prophecy_n f._n 483._o lin_v 3._o peter_n penny_n by_o who_o grant_v f._n 108._o lin_v 1._o philip_n earl_n of_o flanders_n a_o confederate_a of_o young_a henry_n against_o his_o father_n king_n henry_n the_o second_o f._n 317._o lin_v 1._o 318._o f._n he_o be_v a_o great_a director_n to_o philip_n son_n to_o lewis_n king_n of_o france_n f._n 335._o e._n he_o do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n f._n 336._o a._n philip_n bishop_n of_o beavais_n his_o complaint_n to_o the_o pope_n against_o king_n richard_n and_o the_o pope_n answer_n f._n 455._o a._n b._n philip_n son_n to_o lewis_n king_n of_o france_n crown_v at_o rheims_n f._n 335._o c._n his_o undutifulness_n to_o his_o father_n ibid._n e._n he_o be_v make_v sensible_a of_o his_o duty_n by_o hen._n the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n f._n 336._o a._n his_o agreement_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o undertake_v the_o cross_n f._n 342._o c._n the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v homage_n to_o he_o f._n 348._o d._n the_o agreement_n between_o king_n richard_n and_o he_o to_o undertake_v the_o cross_n f._n 423._o b._n his_o treachery_n to_o king_n richard_n f._n 429._o e._n the_o difference_n between_o they_o compose_v f._n 430._o a._n his_o arrival_n at_o acon_n ibid._n b._n he_o desire_v king_n richard_n leave_n to_o return_v home_n f._n 431._o c._n his_o oath_n to_o king_n richard_n ibid._n d._n his_o promise_n to_o earl_n john_n upon_o marriage_n of_o his_o sister_n f._n 435._o d._n his_o offer_n to_o the_o emperor_n to_o keep_v king_n richard_n prisoner_n f._n 439._o c._n he_o ravage_v and_o destroy_v king_n richard_n dominion_n f._n 444._o e._n f._n he_o be_v total_o rout_v by_o king_n richard_n f._n 445._o a._n &_o 451._o b._n c._n d._n his_o cruelty_n to_o the_o english_a f._n 450._o f._n article_n of_o peace_n between_o he_o and_o king_n richard_n f._n 453._o lin_v 1._o he_o knight_v arthur_n duke_n of_o britain_n and_o receive_v his_o homage_n f._n 463._o d._n his_o demand_n of_o king_n john_n ibid._n e._n he_o besiege_v and_o take_v his_o town_n and_o castle_n f._n 471._o a._n he_o demand_v to_o be_v divorce_v from_o his_o queen_n f._n 467._o d._n e._n the_o pope_n impower_v he_o to_o execute_v the_o sentence_n of_o deposition_n against_o king_n john_n f._n 483._o c._n d._n his_o preparation_n for_o england_n f._n 484._o a._n f._n pandulph_z the_o legate_n advise_v he_o to_o desist_v f._n 486._o b._n his_o victory_n over_o otho_n the_o emperor_n f._n 493._o e._n his_o answer_n to_o walo_n the_o pope_n legate_n f._n 508._o c._n his_o death_n f._n 532._o e._n pict_n who_o they_o be_v f._n 35._o b._n f._n they_o harras_n and_o spoil_v the_o britan_n f._n 38._o a._n 39_o c._n d._n aulus_n plautius_n send_v into_o britain_n by_o claudius_n f._n 12._o a._n b._n plea_n for_o church_n land_n in_o the_o conqueror_n time_n how_o hold_v and_o before_o who_o f._n 140.141_o 142._o none_o between_o english-saxons_a and_o norman_n f._n 143._o a._n sometime_o hold_v in_o church_n and_o churchyard_n f._n 146._o d._n plead_n be_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n and_o why_o f._n 155._o lin_v 1._o plebs_fw-la who_o f._n 55._o f._n robert_n poer_n make_v governor_n of_o waterford_n and_o treacherous_o slay_v by_o the_o irish_a f._n 370._o b._n 374._o b._n poictovins_n subdue_v by_o henry_n the_o 2_o d._n king_n of_o england_n f._n 306._o c._n they_o do_v homage_n to_o henry_n the_o 3d._n f._n 545._o b._n they_o be_v invite_v into_o england_n by_o he_o and_o have_v the_o wardship_n of_o nobleman_n give_v they_o f._n 554._o a._n they_o be_v discharge_v the_o king_n service_n f._n 559._o f._n they_o submit_v to_o the_o french_a king_n upon_o summons_n f._n 586._o b._n their_o great_a insolence_n to_o the_o english_a f._n 608._o c._n d._n polycletus_n send_v into_o britain_n by_o nero_n to_o reconcile_v julius_n classicanus_fw-la and_o suetonius_n f._n 21._o a._n adam_n de_fw-fr port_n impeach_v of_o treason_n and_o outlawed_a for_o not_o appear_v f._n 312._o lin_v 1._o william_n poweric_a his_o complaint_n in_o the_o council_n of_o lion_n against_o papal_a extortion_n f_o 593._o d._n e._n he_o be_v send_v to_o rome_n to_o complain_v of_o grievance_n f._n 596._o a._n prefecture_n what_o and_o how_o many_o it_o consist_v of_o f._n 43._o c._n presential_a why_o so_o call_v f._n 41._o f._n presutagus_n king_n of_o the_o iceni_n make_v caesar_n his_o heir_n f._n 18._o e._n priest_n marriage_n forbid_v f._n 126._o a._n such_o as_o live_v in_o city_n and_o burgh_n may_v retain_v their_o wife_n f._n 215._o c_o severe_a law_n make_v against_o their_o wife_n f._n 263._o f._n they_o be_v prohibit_v their_o company_n by_o hen._n one_a f._n 265._o b._n they_o be_v sometime_o dispense_v with_o by_o the_o arch-deacon_n and_o bishop_n ibid._n d._n they_o compound_v with_o the_o king_n for_o their_o wife_n company_n f._n 269._o f._n if_o marry_v to_o be_v deprive_v of_o their_o benefice_n f._n 294._o b._n a_o decree_n against_o their_o concubine_n f_o 536._o f._n their_o son_n dispense_v with_o to_o succeed_v they_o f._n 262._o f._n primacy_n of_o canturbury_n confirm_v by_o the_o pope_n f._n 259._o e._n probus_n conquer_v the_o vandal_n and_o burgundian_n f._n 31._o c._n provision_n make_v at_o oxford_n f._n 626.627_o they_o be_v null_v by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n f._n 639._o a._n they_o be_v repeal_v in_o the_o parliament_n at_o kenelworth_n f._n 659._o a._n b._n