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and_o all_o that_o they_o have_v to_o caesar_n mercy_n desire_v one_o thing_n of_o he_o earnest_o which_o be_v that_o if_o his_o goodness_n and_o clemency_n which_o they_o have_v hear_v so_o high_a praise_n of_o have_v determine_v to_o save_v their_o life_n he_o will_v not_o take_v away_o their_o arm_n from_o they_o forasmuch_o as_o all_o their_o neighbour_n be_v enemy_n unto_o they_o and_o envy_v at_o their_o valour_n neither_o be_v they_o able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o if_o they_o shall_v deliver_v up_o their_o armour_n so_o that_o they_o have_v rather_o suffer_v any_o inconvenience_n by_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n then_o to_o be_v butcherly_a murder_v by_o they_o who_o in_o former_a time_n they_o have_v hold_v subject_a to_o their_o command_n to_o this_o caesar_n answer_v that_o he_o will_v save_v the_o city_n rather_o of_o his_o own_o custom_n then_o for_o any_o desert_n of_o they_o so_o that_o they_o yield_v before_o the_o ram_n touch_v the_o wall_n but_o no_o condition_n of_o 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fit_a instrument_n to_o raze_v and_o overthrow_v a_o castle_n they_o take_v a_o long_a beam_n or_o timber-tree_n and_o bear_v it_o upon_o their_o arm_n and_o shoulder_n with_o the_o one_o end_n thereof_o they_o first_o break_v down_o the_o uppermost_a rank_n of_o stone_n and_o so_o descend_v by_o degree_n they_o overthrow_v the_o whole_a tower_n the_o roman_n have_v two_o sort_n of_o ram_n the_o one_o be_v rude_a and_o plain_a the_o other_o artificial_a and_o compound_v simplex_fw-la the_o first_o be_v that_o which_o the_o carthaginian_n use_v at_o cadiz_n and_o be_v portray_v in_o the_o column_n of_o traâan_n at_o rome_n the_o compound_a ram_n be_v thus_o describe_v by_o josephus_n composita_fw-la a_o ram_n say_v he_o be_v a_o mighty_a great_a beam_n like_v unto_o the_o mast_n of_o a_o ship_n and_o be_v strengthen_v at_o one_o end_n with_o a_o head_n of_o iron_n fashion_v like_o unto_o a_o ram_n and_o thereof_o it_o take_v the_o name_n this_o ram_n be_v hang_v by_o the_o midst_n 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a_o family_n and_o a_o army_n be_v then_o well_o govern_v when_o they_o contain_v within_o themselves_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o safety_n so_o we_o must_v not_o look_v for_o any_o security_n in_o a_o state_n when_o their_o safety_n depend_v upon_o a_o foreign_a protection_n for_o the_o old_a say_n be_v that_o neque_fw-la murus_fw-la neque_fw-la amicus_fw-la quisquam_fw-la teget_fw-la quem_fw-la propria_fw-la arma_fw-la non_fw-la texere_fw-la neither_o wall_n nor_o friend_n will_v save_v he_o who_o his_o own_o weapon_n do_v not_o defend_v although_o in_o this_o case_n the_o matter_n be_v well_o qualify_v by_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o late_a victory_n in_o the_o continent_n of_o gallia_n whereof_o the_o hedui_n with_o their_o associate_n be_v very_o gainful_a witness_n but_o among_o kingdom_n that_o be_v better_o suit_v with_o equality_n of_o strength_n and_o
authority_n there_o be_v small_a hope_n of_o safety_n to_o be_v look_v for_o unless_o the_o happy_a government_n of_o both_o do_v mutual_o depend_v upon_o the_o safety_n of_o either_o nation_n for_o that_o which_o polybius_n observe_v in_o antigonus_n king_n of_o macedonia_n take_v place_n for_o the_o most_o part_n among_o all_o prince_n that_o king_n by_o nature_n esteem_v no_o man_n either_o as_o a_o friend_n or_o a_o enemy_n but_o as_o the_o calculation_n of_o profit_n shall_v find_v they_o answerable_a to_o their_o project_n and_o contrariwise_o it_o cut_v off_o many_o occasion_n of_o practice_n and_o attempt_n when_o it_o be_v know_v that_o a_o state_n be_v of_o itself_o able_a and_o ready_a to_o resist_v the_o design_n of_o foreign_a enemy_n according_a to_o that_o of_o manlius_n ostendite_fw-la modo_fw-la bellum_fw-la pacem_fw-la habebitis_fw-la videant_fw-la vos_fw-la paratos_fw-la ad_fw-la vim_o jus_o ipsi_fw-la remittent_a do_v but_o show_v they_o war_n and_o you_o shall_v have_v peace_n let_v they_o see_v you_o be_v provide_v to_o repel_v force_n and_o they_o will_v do_v you_o nothing_o but_o right_a the_o four_o observation_n the_o manner_n of_o signify_v any_o motion_n or_o attempt_n by_o fire_n fire_n be_v of_o great_a use_n in_o the_o night_n season_n where_o the_o fortification_n be_v of_o so_o large_a a_o extension_n for_o fire_n in_o the_o night_n do_v appear_v far_o great_a than_o indeed_o it_o be_v forasmuch_o as_o that_o part_n of_o the_o air_n which_o be_v next_o unto_o the_o fire_n as_o it_o be_v illuminate_v with_o the_o light_n thereof_o in_o a_o reasonable_a distance_n can_v be_v discern_v from_o the_o fire_n itself_o and_o so_o it_o seem_v much_o great_a than_o it_o be_v in_o substance_n and_o contrariwise_o in_o the_o day_n time_n it_o show_v less_o than_o it_o be_v for_o the_o clear_a brightness_n of_o the_o air_n do_v much_o obscure_a that_o light_n which_o proceed_v from_o a_o more_o gross_a and_o material_a body_n and_o therefore_o their_o custom_n be_v to_o use_v fire_n in_o the_o night_n and_o smoke_n in_o the_o day_n suit_v the_o transparent_a middle_n with_o a_o contrary_a quality_n that_o so_o it_o may_v more_o manifest_o appear_v to_o the_o beholder_n the_o five_o observation_n and_o albeit_o after_o the_o victory_n the_o roman_n inflict_v divers_a degree_n of_o punishment_n according_a to_o the_o malice_n which_o they_o find_v in_o a_o enemy_n yet_o as_o flavius_n lucanus_n say_v in_o livy_n 25._o there_o be_v no_o nation_n more_o exorable_a nor_o ready_a to_o show_v mercy_n then_o the_o roman_n be_v nation_n the_o punishment_n which_o we_o find_v they_o to_o have_v use_v towards_o a_o conquer_a nation_n be_v these_o either_o they_o punish_v they_o by_o death_n or_o sell_v they_o for_o bondslave_n sub_fw-la corona_fw-la or_o dismiss_v they_o sub_fw-la jugum_fw-la or_o merce_v they_o in_o take_v away_o their_o territory_n or_o make_v they_o tributary_n state_n of_o the_o first_o we_o find_v a_o manifest_a example_n in_o the_o three_o of_o these_o commentary_n where_o caesar_n have_v overthrow_v the_o veneti_n by_o sea_n inasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v retain_v his_o ambassador_n by_o force_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n he_o put_v all_o the_o senate_n to_o the_o sword_n and_o sell_v the_o rest_n sub_fw-la corona_fw-la festus_n say_v that_o a_o enemy_n be_v say_v to_o be_v sell_v sub_fw-la corona_fw-la inasmuch_o as_o the_o captive_n stand_v crown_v in_o the_o marketplace_n where_o they_o be_v set_v out_o to_o sale_n as_o cato_n say_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr re_fw-mi militari_fw-la ut_fw-la populus_fw-la sua_fw-la opera_fw-la potius_fw-la ob_fw-la rem_fw-la bene_fw-la gestam_fw-la coronatus_fw-la supplicatum_fw-la eat_v quam_fw-la re_fw-la male_a gesta_fw-la coronatus_fw-la vaeneat_fw-la that_o the_o people_n may_v rather_o for_o well_o perform_v go_v to_o supplicate_v crown_v then_o for_o ill_a performance_n be_v sell_v crown_v and_o gellius_n affirm_v the_o same_o thing_n but_o add_v also_o another_o reason_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o soldier_n that_o keep_v they_o while_o they_o be_v in_o sell_v encircle_v they_o round_o about_o to_o keep_v they_o together_o and_o this_o round-about-standing_a be_v call_v corona_fw-la festus_n say_v that_o oftentimes_o they_o use_v a_o spear_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v sell_v sub_fw-la hasta_fw-la forasmuch_o as_o among_o the_o greek_n by_o the_o spear_n or_o pike_n be_v signify_v the_o power_n of_o arm_n and_o majesty_n of_o empire_n when_o they_o dismiss_v they_o sub_fw-la jugum_fw-la their_o order_n be_v to_o erect_v three_o tree_n like_o a_o pair_n of_o gallows_n under_o which_o they_o cause_v all_o the_o captive_n to_o pass_v as_o a_o sign_n of_o bondage_n for_o they_o have_v so_o conquer_v they_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n that_o they_o lay_v upon_o their_o neck_n the_o yoke_n of_o thraldom_n livy_n say_v that_o quintius_n the_o dictator_n dismiss_v the_o aequos_n sub_fw-la jugum_fw-la and_o this_o jugum_fw-la be_v make_v of_o three_o spear_n whereof_o two_o be_v stick_v upright_o in_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o three_o be_v tie_v overthwart_o they_o the_o soldier_n that_o pass_v sub_fw-la jugum_fw-la be_v ungirt_a and_o their_o weapon_n take_v from_o they_o as_o festus_n say_v sometime_o again_o they_o take_v away_o their_o land_n and_o territory_n and_o either_o sell_v it_o for_o money_n and_o bring_v it_o into_o the_o treasury_n or_o divide_v the_o land_n among_o the_o roman_a people_n or_o let_v it_o out_o to_o farmerent_a of_o all_o which_o livy_n have_v many_o pregnant_a example_n of_o the_o second_o sort_n the_o sell_v of_o the_o veii_n in_o his_o five_o book_n and_o of_o 7000_o samnite_n in_o his_o nine_o book_n of_o the_o three_o that_o remarkable_a example_n of_o pass_v the_o two_o consul_n t._n veturius_n calvinus_n and_o spurius_n postumius_n with_o the_o legate_n tribune_n and_o whole_a roman_a army_n sub_fw-la jugum_fw-la by_o caius_n pontius_n leader_n of_o the_o samnite_n in_o his_o nine_o book_n of_o the_o four_o in_o all_o kind_n thereof_o frequent_o through_o his_o history_n chap._n xiii_o crassus_n take_v in_o all_o the_o maritime_a city_n that_o lie_v to_o the_o ocean_n the_o legion_n carry_v into_o their_o winter_v camp_n caesar_n the_o same_o time_n pub._n crassus_n who_o he_o have_v send_v with_o one_o legion_n to_o the_o veneti_n unelli_n osisâââ_n curiosolitae_n sesuvii_n aulerci_n and_o rhedones_n be_v the_o maritime_a city_n that_o lay_v to_o the_o ocean_n advertise_v he_o that_o all_o those_o state_n have_v yield_v themselves_o to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n the_o war_n be_v thus_o end_v and_o all_o gallia_n be_v settle_v in_o peace_n there_o go_v such_o a_o fame_n of_o this_o war_n among_o other_o barbarous_a people_n that_o from_o nation_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n there_o come_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n offer_v both_o hostage_n and_o obedience_n to_o whatsoever_o he_o command_v they_o but_o caesar_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o then_o haste_v into_o lombardie_n after_o he_o have_v place_v his_o legion_n in_o their_o winter_v camp_n will_v they_o to_o repair_v unto_o he_o again_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o next_o summer_n he_o himself_o therefore_o after_o he_o have_v first_o dispose_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n among_o the_o carnutes_n andes_n and_o turones_n city_n next_o to_o those_o place_n where_o his_o war_n have_v be_v take_v his_o journey_n forthwith_o for_o italy_n book_n for_o these_o thing_n upon_o the_o sight_n of_o caesar_n letter_n a_o general_a supplication_n be_v proclaim_v in_o rome_n for_o fifteen_o day_n together_o which_o honour_n before_o that_o time_n have_v happen_v to_o no_o man_n the_o three_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n this_o commentary_n begin_v with_o a_o accident_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o former_a summer_n wherein_o the_o belgae_n have_v so_o lean_a a_o harvest_n and_o then_o it_o proceed_v to_o the_o war_n between_o caesar_n and_o the_o veneti_n crassus_n and_o the_o aquitani_n titurius_n sabinus_n and_o the_o curiosolitae_n and_o titus_n labienus_n with_o the_o treviri_n chap._n i._n sergius_n galba_n be_v send_v to_o clear_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o alps_n be_v besiege_v by_o the_o seduni_n and_o veragri_n caesar_n take_v his_o journey_n into_o italy_n caesar_n send_v sergius_n galba_n with_o the_o twelve_o legion_n and_o part_n of_o the_o horseman_n unto_o the_o nantuates_n veragri_n and_o seduni_n who_o territory_n be_v extend_v from_o the_o river_n rhone_n and_o the_o lake_n lemanus_n unto_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a alps_n the_o end_n of_o this_o voyage_n be_v chief_o to_o clear_v the_o alps_n of_o thief_n and_o robber_n that_o live_v by_o the_o spoil_n of_o passenger_n that_o travail_v between_o italy_n and_o gallia_n galba_n have_v order_n if_o he_o find_v it_o expedient_a to_o winter_n in_o those_o part_n after_o some_o fortunate_a encounter_n and_o the_o take_n
in_o his_o army_n who_o he_o persuade_v with_o great_a reward_n and_o further_a promise_n to_o fly_v to_o the_o enemy_n and_o there_o to_o carry_v himself_o according_a to_o the_o instruction_n which_o he_o shall_v give_v he_o this_o gall_n come_v as_o a_o revolter_v to_o the_o enemy_n lay_v open_a unto_o they_o the_o fear_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o extremity_n that_o caesar_n be_v drive_v into_o by_o the_o veneti_n and_o that_o the_o night_n follow_v sabinus_n be_v about_o to_o withdraw_v his_o force_n secret_o out_o of_o his_o camp_n and_o to_o make_v all_o the_o haste_n he_o can_v to_o relieve_v caesar_n upon_o which_o advertisement_n they_o all_o cry_v out_o with_o one_o consent_n that_o this_o opportunity_n be_v not_o to_o be_v omit_v but_o set_v apart_o all_o other_o devise_n they_o will_v go_v and_o assault_v the_o roman_a camp_n many_o circumstance_n persuade_v the_o gall_n to_o this_o resolution_n as_o first_o the_o linger_a and_o doubt_n which_o sabinus_n have_v make_v when_o he_o be_v offer_v battle_n second_o the_o intelligence_n which_o this_o fugitive_n have_v bring_v three_o the_o want_n of_o victual_n wherein_o they_o have_v be_v negligent_a and_o unadvised_o careless_a four_a the_o hope_n they_o conceive_v of_o the_o war_n of_o vannes_n and_o last_o for_o that_o man_n willing_o believe_v that_o which_o they_o will_v have_v come_v to_o pass_v the_o force_n of_o these_o motive_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o they_o will_v not_o suffer_v viridovix_n nor_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o captain_n to_o dismiss_v the_o council_n until_o they_o have_v yield_v that_o they_o shall_v take_v arm_n and_o go_v to_o the_o roman_a camp_n which_o be_v grant_v they_o gather_v rubbish_n and_o faggot_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n and_o with_o cheerful_a heart_n as_o though_o the_o victory_n be_v already_o get_v they_o march_v to_o the_o place_n where_o sabinus_n be_v encamp_v which_o be_v the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n rise_v gentle_o from_o a_o level_n the_o quantity_n of_o one_o thousand_o pase_n hither_o the_o gall_n haste_v with_o all_o expedition_n and_o to_o the_o intent_n the_o roman_n may_v not_o have_v so_o much_o time_n as_o to_o put_v on_o their_o armour_n the_o gall_n for_o haste_n run_v themselves_o out_o of_o breath_n sabinus_n encourage_v his_o soldier_n give_v the_o sign_n of_o battle_n and_o sally_v out_o at_o two_o several_a gate_n of_o his_o camp_n upon_o the_o enemy_n who_o be_v hinder_v with_o their_o load_n of_o rubbish_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o through_o the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n the_o weariness_n and_o unexperience_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o valour_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n and_o their_o exercise_n informer_n battle_n that_o the_o gall_n can_v not_o endure_v the_o brunt_n of_o the_o first_o encounter_n but_o present_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n we_o be_v fresh_a and_o lusty_a pursue_v after_o and_o slay_v great_a number_n of_o they_o then_o chase_v their_o horse_n suffer_v very_o few_o of_o they_o to_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n and_o so_o it_o happen_v that_o at_o one_o time_n sabinus_n have_v news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n at_o sea_n and_o caesar_n of_o sabinus_n victory_n by_o land_n upon_o these_o victory_n all_o the_o city_n and_o state_n yield_v themselves_o to_o titurius_n for_o as_o the_o gall_n be_v prompt_a to_o undertake_v a_o war_n so_o be_v they_o weak_a in_o suffer_v and_o impatient_a of_o the_o consequent_n and_o calamity_n thereof_o observation_n this_o practice_n of_o a_o counterfeit_a fear_n be_v often_o put_v in_o use_n by_o the_o roman_a leader_n fear_n as_o well_o to_o disappoint_v the_o expectation_n of_o a_o enemy_n as_o to_o draw_v they_o into_o a_o inconvenience_n and_o so_o to_o defeat_v they_o of_o their_o great_a help_n in_o time_n of_o battle_n caesar_n come_v to_o succour_v the_o camp_n of_o cicero_n 5._o make_v such_o use_n of_o this_o art_n that_o he_o put_v to_o rout_n a_o great_a army_n of_o the_o gall_n with_o a_o handful_n of_o man_n which_o i_o will_v refer_v unto_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v particular_o set_v down_o by_o caesar_n the_o chief_a thing_n in_o this_o place_n which_o bring_v they_o to_o their_o overthrow_n be_v disappointment_n for_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n hardly_o to_o be_v digest_v in_o business_n of_o small_a consequence_n to_o be_v frustrate_v of_o a_o settle_a expectation_n when_o the_o mind_n shall_v dispose_v herself_o to_o one_o only_a intent_n and_o in_o the_o upshot_n meet_v with_o a_o counterbuff_n to_o cross_v her_o purpose_n and_o so_o defeat_v she_o of_o that_o hope_n which_o the_o strength_n of_o her_o reason_n have_v entertain_v how_o much_o more_o than_o in_o thing_n of_o such_o importance_n when_o we_o shall_v proceed_v in_o a_o course_n of_o victory_n and_o humour_n our_o conceit_n with_o that_o we_o wish_v and_o will_v have_v to_o happen_v and_o in_o the_o end_n meet_v either_o with_o bondage_n or_o death_n must_v our_o best_a wit_n be_v appall_v have_v neither_o respite_n nor_o mean_n to_o think_v how_o the_o evil_a may_v be_v best_a prevent_v which_o the_o wise_a roman_n well_o understand_v and_o count_v it_o no_o dishonour_n to_o be_v reproach_v with_o shameful_a cowardice_n by_o such_o as_o know_v not_o the_o secret_n of_o wisdom_n while_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n foresee_v their_o good_a fortune_n shroud_v under_o the_o cloak_n of_o a_o pretend_a distrust_n let_v these_o example_n instruct_v a_o leader_n so_o to_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o any_o such_o fortune_n that_o in_o the_o execution_n he_o omit_v not_o the_o chief_a point_n of_o order_n and_o discipline_n as_o well_o for_o the_o better_a effect_v of_o the_o design_n as_o for_o his_o own_o safety_n and_o the_o security_n of_o his_o army_n for_o order_n be_v as_o the_o sinew_n and_o strength_n of_o martial_a discipline_n unite_n the_o particular_a member_n into_o the_o firm_a composition_n of_o a_o wel-proportioned_n body_n and_o so_o it_o make_v it_o more_o powerful_a than_o any_o number_n of_o disunit_a part_n how_o able_a or_o infinite_a soever_o i_o may_v here_o allege_v infinite_a example_n to_o confirm_v this_o truth_n but_o let_v the_o battle_n of_o dreux_n serve_v for_o all_o wherein_o the_o protestant_n overcharge_v the_o catholic_n army_n followed_z the_o retreat_z so_o hard_o that_o they_o quick_o become_v master_n of_o the_o field_n and_o then_o neglect_v martial_a discipline_n fall_v in_o confuse_o with_o the_o break_a multitude_n to_o make_v the_o victory_n more_o glorious_a by_o slaughter_n and_o mortality_n the_o duke_n of_o guise_n all_o this_o while_n bodge_v not_o a_o foot_n but_o in_o unexampled_a patience_n keep_v his_o regiment_n close_o together_o and_o will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o rescue_v their_o general_n that_o be_v take_v until_o the_o regiment_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o condie_n be_v likewise_o disperse_v and_o break_v and_o then_o perceive_v no_o difference_n of_o order_n between_o the_o victor_n protestant_n and_o the_o vanquish_a catholic_n he_o dissolve_v that_o terrible_a cloud_n that_o have_v hang_v so_o long_o in_o suspense_n and_o so_o change_v the_o fortune_n of_o the_o day_n that_o he_o take_v the_o chief_a of_o their_o prince_n prisoner_n with_o little_a or_o no_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o man_n so_o powerful_a be_v order_n in_o the_o deed_n of_o arm_n and_o of_o such_o consequence_n in_o obtain_v victory_n and_o thus_o we_o have_v first_o see_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o a_o counterfeit_a fear_n well_o dissemble_v may_v cast_v upon_o a_o credulous_a and_o unadvised_a enemy_n when_o pretence_n and_o appearance_n have_v bring_v they_o into_o a_o error_n which_o their_o own_o credulity_n do_v afterward_o avouch_v and_o second_o what_o strength_n and_o safety_n consist_v in_o order_n and_o how_o powerful_a it_o be_v to_o throw_v down_o and_o to_o set_v up_o chap._n ix_o the_o proceed_n of_o crassus_n in_o aquitanie_n at_o the_o same_o instant_n of_o time_n it_o happen_v also_o caesar_n that_o pub._n crassus_n come_v into_o aquitania_n which_o both_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o large_a extension_n of_o the_o country_n as_o also_o for_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v name_v the_o three_o part_n of_o gallia_n and_o consider_v that_o he_o be_v to_o make_v war_n in_o those_o part_n where_o l._n valerius_n praeconius_n the_o legate_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o army_n overthrow_v and_o where_o lucius_n manlius_n be_v fain_o to_o fly_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o carriage_n he_o think_v that_o his_o affair_n require_v no_o mean_a diligence_n and_o therefore_o have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n and_o muster_v many_o auxiliary_a force_n and_o evocati_fw-la send_v for_o many_o valiant_a and_o prudent_a man_n by_o name_n from_o tolouse_n carcasone_n and_o narbone_n city_n border_v upon_o the_o province_n he_o carry_v his_o army_n into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o sontiate_n which_o be_v no_o
as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v set_v afloat_a in_o regard_n partly_o of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o prisoner_n he_o have_v and_o that_o some_o of_o his_o ship_n be_v cast_v away_o he_o determine_v to_o carry_v his_o army_n over_o at_o twice_o and_o so_o it_o happen_v that_o of_o so_o great_a a_o fleet_n at_o so_o many_o voyage_n neither_o this_o year_n nor_o the_o year_n before_o there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o ship_n miss_v which_o carry_v over_o our_o soldier_n only_o of_o those_o which_o be_v to_o be_v send_v back_o to_o he_o after_o they_o have_v land_v the_o first_o half_a and_o those_o which_o labienus_n cause_v afterward_o to_o be_v make_v threescore_o in_o number_n few_o can_v make_v to_o the_o place_n the_o rest_n be_v all_o keep_v back_o which_o caesar_n have_v for_o some_o time_n expect_v in_o vain_a and_o fear_v that_o the_o time_n of_o year_n will_v not_o long_o serve_v for_o sail_v for_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v at_o hand_n be_v force_v to_o dispose_v his_o soldier_n close_o and_o in_o less_o room_n so_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o a_o calm_a sea_n he_o set_v sail_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o second_o watch_n and_o come_v to_o land_n by_o break_n of_o day_n his_o whole_a fleet_n arrive_v in_o safety_n observation_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o war_n in_o brittany_n which_o afford_v little_a matter_n of_o discourse_n be_v indeed_o but_o a_o scamble_a war_n as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o britan_n themselves_o who_o after_o they_o have_v feel_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o roman_a legion_n will_v never_o adventure_v to_o buckle_v with_o they_o in_o any_o stand_a battle_n as_o also_o in_o regard_n there_o be_v no_o such_o town_n in_o brittany_n as_o be_v record_v to_o have_v be_v in_o gallia_n which_o may_v have_v give_v great_a honour_n to_o the_o war_n if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o such_o to_o have_v be_v besiege_v and_o take_v in_o by_o caesar_n and_o although_o tacitus_n say_v that_o brittany_n be_v rather_o view_v then_o subdue_v by_o caesar_n be_v desirous_a to_o draw_v that_o honour_n to_o his_o father_n in_o law_n agricola_n yet_o we_o find_v here_o that_o the_o trinobantes_n which_o be_v more_o than_o either_o the_o skirt_n or_o the_o heart_n of_o brittany_n for_o our_o historian_n do_v understand_v they_o to_o have_v inhabit_v that_o part_n which_o lie_v as_o far_o as_o yorkshire_n and_o lancashire_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o roman_a empire_n by_o caesar_n who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o lay_v tribute_n upon_o brittany_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n or_o cast_v upon_o they_o the_o heavy_a name_n of_o a_o subdue_a people_n the_o second_o observation_n but_o lest_o i_o may_v seem_v negligent_a in_o these_o occurrence_n of_o brittany_n as_o not_o deem_v the_o alteration_n happen_v in_o this_o island_n by_o the_o power_n of_o rome_n worthy_a due_a memory_n i_o will_v brief_o set_v down_o the_o state_n thereof_o from_o this_o area_n during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o twelve_o emperor_n julius_n caesar_n next_o successor_n first_o augustus_n and_o then_o tiberius_n think_v it_o policy_n to_o restrain_v the_o infinite_a desire_n of_o enlarge_n the_o roman_a empire_n &_o so_o leave_v this_o entrance_n into_o brittany_n unseconded_a caius_n be_v say_v to_o have_v have_v a_o meaning_n to_o invade_v it_o but_o do_v nothing_o claudius_n transport_v legion_n and_o aide_n and_o first_o send_v aulus_n plautius_n governor_n and_o after_o he_o ostorius_n who_o overthrow_v king_n caradocus_n in_o battle_n and_o show_v he_o at_o rome_n to_o claudius_n to_o agrippina_n annal._n and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o senate_n who_o affirm_v the_o sight_n to_o be_v no_o less_o honourable_a than_o when_o p._n scipio_n show_v sâphaces_v or_o l._n paulus_n perses_n he_o didius_n gallus_n succeed_v who_o be_v old_a and_o full_a of_o honour_n think_v it_o sufficient_a to_o keep_v that_o which_o his_o predecessor_n have_v get_v next_o unto_o didius_n come_v veranius_n only_o memorable_a in_o die_v the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o propraetorship_n but_o suetonius_n paulinus_n follow_v get_v a_o great_a name_n first_o by_o invade_v anglesey_n strong_a with_o inhabitant_n and_o a_o receptacle_n for_o fugitive_n second_o by_o overthrow_v boadicea_n queen_n of_o the_o iceni_n in_o a_o battle_n comparable_a to_o the_o victory_n of_o old_a time_n wherein_o fourscore_o thousand_o britan_n be_v slay_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o four_o hundred_o roman_a soldier_n but_o be_v think_v to_o be_v oversevere_a he_o leave_v his_o charge_n to_o petronius_n turpilianus_n who_o compose_v former_a trouble_n with_o a_o mild_a carriage_n be_v succeed_v by_o trebellius_n maximus_n who_o easy_a course_n of_o government_n teach_v the_o britan_n good_a manner_n and_o make_v the_o soldier_n first_o wanton_a with_o ease_n and_o then_o mutinous_a which_o by_o his_o gentle_a entreaty_n be_v end_v without_o bloodshed_n he_o leave_v his_o place_n to_o vectius_n bolanus_n of_o like_a looseness_n of_o discipline_n but_o in_o stead_n of_o obedience_n get_v much_o good_a will_n the_o error_n of_o these_o three_o soft_a propraetor_n be_v holpen_v by_o petilius_n caerealis_n a_o great_a commander_n and_o worthy_a his_o place_n he_o subdue_v the_o brigantes_n and_o leave_v the_o place_n to_o julius_n frontinus_n who_o with_o no_o less_o happiness_n vanquish_v the_o silures_n the_o last_o be_v agricola_n fortunate_a in_o divers_a battle_n against_o the_o britan_n and_o as_o unhappy_a in_o his_o reward_n for_o domitian_n malign_v his_o honour_n first_o discharge_v he_o of_o his_o place_n and_o then_o as_o it_o be_v think_v poison_v he_o and_o this_o be_v the_o state_n of_o brittany_n under_o the_o twelve_o emperor_n chap._n ix_o caesar_n dispose_v his_o legion_n into_o their_o winter_v camp_n and_o quiet_v the_o carnutes_n after_o he_o have_v put_v his_o ship_n in_o harbour_n caesar_n and_o hold_v a_o council_n of_o the_o gall_n at_o quintin_n samarobrina_n forasmuch_o as_o that_o year_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o drought_n there_o be_v some_o scarcity_n of_o corn_n in_o gallia_n he_o be_v constrain_v to_o garrison_n his_o army_n and_o to_o disperse_v they_o into_o more_o city_n than_o he_o have_v do_v the_o year_n before_o and_o first_o he_o give_v one_o legion_n to_o caius_n fabius_n to_o be_v lead_v among_o the_o morim_n another_o to_o quintus_fw-la cicero_n to_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o nervii_n another_o to_o l._n roscius_n to_o be_v conduct_v to_o the_o essui_n a_o four_o he_o command_v to_o winter_n among_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n in_o the_o march_n of_o the_o treviri_n under_o t._n labienus_n three_o he_o place_v in_o belgium_n with_o who_o he_o send_v mar._n crassus_n his_o quaestor_n l._n munatius_n plancus_n and_o c._n trebonius_n legates_n he_o send_v one_o legion_n that_o which_o he_o have_v last_o enrol_v beyond_o the_o river_n po_n in_o italy_n with_o five_o cohort_n unto_o the_o eburones_n the_o great_a part_n of_o who_o country_n lie_v between_o the_o maze_n and_o the_o rhine_n and_o be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o ambiorix_n and_o cativulcus_n with_o they_o he_o send_v q._n titurius_n sabinus_n and_o lucius_n aurunculeius_n cotta_n by_o distribute_v his_o legion_n in_o this_o manner_n he_o think_v to_o remedy_v the_o scarcity_n of_o corn_n and_o yet_o the_o garrison_n of_o all_o these_o legion_n except_v that_o which_o roscius_n carry_v into_o a_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a part_n be_v contain_v within_o the_o space_n of_o one_o hundred_o mile_n and_o until_o his_o legion_n be_v settle_v and_o their_o winter_v camp_n fortify_v he_o determine_v to_o abide_v in_o gallia_n there_o be_v among_o the_o carnutes_n a_o man_n of_o great_a birth_n call_v tasgetius_n who_o ancestor_n have_v bear_v the_o chief_a rule_n in_o their_o state_n this_o man_n for_o his_o singular_a prowess_n and_o good_a will_n towards_o he_o for_o he_o have_v do_v he_o very_o good_a service_n in_o all_o his_o war_n caesar_z restore_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o his_o forefather_n before_o he_o have_v reign_v three_o year_n his_o enemy_n with_o the_o complotment_n of_o divers_a of_o his_o citizen_n kill_v he_o in_o the_o open_a street_n which_o thing_n be_v complain_v of_o to_o caesar_n who_o fear_v in_o regard_n so_o many_o man_n have_v a_o hand_n in_o it_o lest_o that_o the_o city_n shall_v by_o their_o instigation_n revolt_n command_v l._n plancus_n immediate_o to_o march_v with_o his_o legion_n thither_o from_o his_o quarter_n in_o belgium_n and_o there_o to_o winter_n and_o whosoever_o he_o can_v learn_v to_o be_v the_o ringleader_n in_o the_o death_n of_o tasgetius_n he_o shall_v take_v hold_n of_o they_o and_o send_v they_o to_o he_o mean_a while_n caesar_n have_v notice_n from_o all_o his_o legate_n and_o quaestor_n to_o who_o he_o have_v deliver_v his_o legion_n that_o they_o be_v settle_v in_o winter_n garrison_n and_o
for_o the_o purpose_n they_o be_v ordain_v but_o also_o in_o the_o revolution_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o solar_a year_n no_o other_o nation_n agree_v with_o they_o in_o account_n and_o of_o the_o roman_n themselves_o only_o the_o priest_n understand_v it_o and_o therefore_o when_o they_o please_v no_o man_n be_v able_a to_o control_v they_o they_o will_v upon_o the_o sudden_a thrust_n in_o a_o month_n above_o the_o ordinary_a number_n which_o as_o plutarch_n note_v plutarch_n be_v in_o old_a time_n call_v mercedonius_n or_o mensis_fw-la intercalaris_fw-la to_o remedy_v this_o inconvenience_n caesar_n caesar_n call_v together_o the_o best_a and_o most_o expert_a astronomer_n of_o that_o time_n make_v a_o calendar_n more_o exact_o calculate_v then_o any_o other_o that_o be_v before_o and_o yet_o such_o a_o one_o as_o by_o long_a continuance_n of_o time_n have_v breed_v a_o difference_n for_o the_o matter_n stand_v thus_o it_o be_v find_v by_o certain_a observation_n of_o mathematician_n of_o all_o age_n that_o the_o sun_n be_v carry_v from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n by_o the_o motion_n of_o his_o own_o sphere_n finish_v his_o yearly_a course_n in_o the_o space_n of_o 365._o day_n five_o hour_n nine_o and_o forty_o minute_n and_o some_o odd_a second_n whereupon_o it_o be_v then_o conclude_v that_o their_o civil_a year_n must_v necessary_o contain_v three_o hundred_o threescore_o and_o five_o day_n which_o make_v two_o and_o fifty_o week_n and_o one_o day_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o those_o five_o odd_a hour_n nine_o and_o forty_o minute_n and_o some_o second_o do_v in_o four_o year_n space_n amount_v unto_o a_o natural_a day_n want_v two_o and_o forty_o minute_n and_o six_o and_o fifty_o second_n which_o be_v think_v nothing_o in_o comparison_n they_o devise_v every_o four_o year_n to_o add_v a_o day_n more_o than_o ordinary_a to_o answer_v that_o time_n which_o be_v usual_o add_v to_o february_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o every_o four_o year_n february_n have_v nine_o and_o twenty_o day_n and_o so_o they_o make_v a_o order_n to_o reform_v their_o year_n without_o any_o sensible_a error_n for_o a_o long_a time_n but_o since_o that_o time_n be_v one_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o year_n and_o more_o those_o two_o and_o forty_o minute_n and_o six_o and_o fifty_o second_n which_o as_o i_o say_v do_v want_n of_o the_o natural_a day_n of_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n which_o be_v insert_v in_o every_o four_o year_n have_v breed_v a_o manifest_a and_o a_o apparent_a error_n for_o whereas_o the_o civil_a year_n be_v by_o that_o mean_n make_v great_a than_o the_o solar_n year_n the_o sun_n end_v his_o task_n before_o we_o can_v end_v our_o time_n it_o happen_v that_o such_o feast_n as_o have_v relation_n to_o seasonable_a time_n do_v as_o it_o be_v foreslow_v the_o opportunity_n and_o fall_v out_o further_o in_o the_o year_n as_o though_o they_o have_v a_o motion_n towards_o the_o summer_n solstice_n and_o as_o these_o go_v forward_o so_o do_v the_o equinoctial_a return_n backward_o towards_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o month_n for_o caesar_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o astronomer_n observe_v the_o aequinoctium_n the_o five_o and_o twenty_o of_o march._n ptolemy_n in_o his_o time_n observe_v the_o aequinoctium_n the_o two_o and_o twenty_o of_o march._n and_o it_o be_v observe_v the_o one_o and_o twenty_o of_o march_n in_o the_o year_n from_o the_o incarnation_n 322._o what_o time_n be_v hold_v the_o first_o general_a council_n at_o nice_a a_o city_n of_o pontus_n in_o respect_n whereof_o the_o paschall_n table_n and_o other_o rule_n be_v establish_v for_o the_o celebration_n of_o easter_n but_o since_o that_o time_n there_o be_v pass_v 1281._o year_n and_o the_o aequinoctium_n come_v before_o the_o one_o and_o twenty_o of_o march_n ten_o day_n as_o this_o error_n be_v reform_v among_o other_o nation_n and_o reduce_v to_o that_o state_n as_o it_o be_v at_o the_o nicene_n council_n so_o there_o may_v many_o reason_n be_v allege_v to_o prove_v the_o reformation_n convenient_a of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o day_n then_o ten_o for_o if_o the_o calendar_n be_v so_o order_v that_o every_o month_n may_v begin_v when_o the_o sun_n enter_v into_o that_o sign_n which_o be_v for_o the_o month_n and_o end_v when_o the_o sun_n go_v out_o of_o that_o sign_n it_o will_v avoid_v much_o confusion_n and_o be_v very_o easy_a to_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n as_o have_v occasion_n to_o observe_v the_o same_o which_o doubtless_o be_v the_o purport_n of_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o month_n and_o be_v observe_v as_o it_o seem_v by_o the_o old_a roman_n who_o begin_v the_o year_n at_o the_o winter_n solstice_n as_o ovid_n note_v bruma_n novi_fw-la prima_fw-la est_fw-la veterisque_fw-la novissima_fw-la solis_fw-la principium_fw-la capiunt_fw-la phoebus_n &_o annus_fw-la idem_fw-la and_o therefore_o they_o call_v that_o month_n january_n of_o janus_n that_o have_v two_o face_n and_o see_v both_o the_o old_a and_o the_o new_a year_n such_o therefore_o as_o will_v go_v about_o to_o reform_v the_o year_n to_o this_o course_n must_v not_o cut_v off_o ten_o day_n only_o but_o one_o and_o twenty_o and_o for_o one_o year_n make_v december_n to_o continue_v but_o ten_o day_n and_o then_o january_n to_o begin_v and_o so_o successive_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o month_n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o although_o we_o help_v ourselves_o and_o put_v off_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o be_v fall_v upon_o we_o yet_o in_o tract_n of_o time_n the_o like_a error_n will_v fall_v again_o upon_o succeed_a age_n and_o put_v their_o yearly_a feast_n beside_o the_o day_n appoint_v for_o they_o for_o remedy_v whereof_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o whereas_o this_o error_n have_v happen_v by_o add_v every_o four_o year_n a_o natural_a day_n which_o in_o true_a calculation_n want_v two_o and_o forty_o minute_n and_o six_o and_o fifty_o second_n of_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n and_o in_o very_a 136._o year_n have_v accrue_v within_o one_o minute_n to_o a_o day_n more_o than_o need_v the_o only_a way_n be_v every_o 136._o year_n to_o omit_v the_o addition_n of_o that_o day_n and_o to_o make_v that_o year_n to_o contain_v but_o 365._o day_n which_o by_o the_o order_n of_o caesar_n calendar_n be_v a_o leap_n year_n and_o have_v one_o day_n more_o which_o have_v bring_v this_o error_n and_o so_o there_o will_v not_o happen_v the_o error_n of_o a_o day_n in_o the_o space_n of_o 111086._o year_n if_o the_o world_n shall_v continue_v so_o long_o but_o lest_o we_o shall_v seem_v more_o curious_a in_o reform_v the_o course_n of_o our_o civil_a year_n than_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o civil_a life_n i_o will_v proceed_v to_o that_o which_o follow_v the_o second_o observation_n the_o second_o thing_n which_o i_o observe_v in_o their_o manner_n of_o life_n be_v the_o respect_n they_o have_v to_o matter_n of_o state_n state_n and_o the_o care_n which_o they_o take_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v dispute_v of_o the_o common-weal_n but_o in_o assembly_n appoint_v for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o common-weal_n whereby_o they_o gain_v two_o special_a point_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o good_a government_n the_o first_o that_o no_o man_n may_v speak_v of_o point_n of_o state_n but_o the_o governor_n of_o state_n for_o such_o i_o understand_v to_o be_v admit_v to_o their_o counsel_n and_o parliament_n second_o that_o such_o matter_n of_o consequence_n as_o touch_v they_o so_o near_o may_v not_o be_v handle_v but_o in_o such_o place_n and_o at_o such_o time_n as_o might_n best_o advantage_v the_o state_n concern_v the_o former_a we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o government_n be_v define_v to_o be_v a_o establish_n of_o order_n best_o fit_v the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o people_n in_o a_o peaceable_a and_o happy_a life_n order_n require_v degree_n and_o distinction_n invest_v several_a part_n in_o several_a function_n and_o duty_n to_o these_o duty_n there_o belong_v a_o due_a observance_n according_a 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thence_o be_v honour_n have_v m._n antonius_n command_v that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o roman_a child_n shall_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o treasury_n within_o thirty_o day_n after_o they_o be_v bear_v 3._o according_a to_o which_o custom_n cens_fw-la francis_n the_o french_a king_n publish_v a_o edict_n anno_fw-la 1539_o that_o every_o parish_n shall_v keep_v a_o register_n of_o burial_n and_o christen_n which_o since_o that_o time_n be_v use_v in_o england_n the_o distinction_n of_o condition_n and_o state_n call_n range_v every_o man_n in_o his_o proper_a order_n be_v as_o necessary_a in_o the_o commonweal_n ability_n and_o as_o worthy_a of_o the_o censor_n notice_n as_o any_o thing_n beside_o neither_o may_v the_o assessment_n of_o man_n ability_n be_v omit_v which_o be_v ordain_v that_o every_o man_n may_v bear_v a_o part_n in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o state_n in_o which_o respect_n 6._o servius_n tullus_n be_v commend_v for_o rate_v man_n according_a to_o their_o wealth_n 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another_o place_n 3._o speak_v of_o scipio_n the_o day_n follow_v say_v he_o to_o put_v king_n massinissa_n out_o of_o his_o grief_n and_o melancholy_n he_o ascend_v up_o to_o his_o tribunal_n and_o have_v call_v a_o assembly_n of_o the_o soldier_n present_v he_o before_o they_o where_o he_o first_o honour_v he_o with_o the_o appellation_n of_o king_n accompany_v with_o many_o fair_a praise_n and_o then_o give_v he_o a_o crown_n of_o gold_n a_o cup_n of_o gold_n a_o chair_n of_o state_n gal._n a_o sceptre_n of_o ivory_n and_o a_o long_a robe_n of_o purple_a to_o which_o agree_v that_o of_o caesar_n that_o ariovistus_n be_v by_o the_o senate_n style_v by_o the_o name_n of_o king_n and_o friend_n and_o present_v with_o great_a and_o rich_a gift_n which_o happen_v but_o to_o few_o and_o be_v only_o give_v by_o the_o roman_n to_o man_n of_o great_a desert_n howbeit_o such_o as_o have_v government_n and_o employment_n abroad_o do_v oftentimes_o make_v profit_n of_o give_v this_o honour_n amicus_fw-la whereof_o caesar_n tax_v lentulus_n in_o the_o former_a chapter_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n be_v king_n juba_n bring_v in_o question_n to_o be_v call_v by_o the_o senate_n a_o friend_n and_o associate_n to_o the_o state_n of_o rome_n the_o three_o observation_n touch_v the_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o town_n of_o italy_n and_o other_o in_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n call_v municipia_fw-la it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v 11._o that_o according_a to_o gellius_n those_o be_v call_v municipes_fw-la that_o be_v govern_v by_o their_o own_o law_n and_o their_o own_o magistrate_n be_v nevertheless_o endow_v with_o the_o freedom_n of_o rome_n and_o therefore_o adrianus_n marvel_v that_o the_o italicenses_n and_o uticenses_n do_v rather_o desire_v to_o be_v coloni_fw-la and_o so_o tie_v to_o the_o obedience_n of_o foreign_a and_o strange_a law_n then_o to_o live_v in_o a_o municipal_a state_n under_o their_o own_o right_n and_o custom_n 11._o and_o as_o 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receive_v into_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n according_a to_o the_o admission_n of_o the_o cerite_n be_v afterward_o by_o the_o free_a grace_n of_o the_o people_n make_v capable_a of_o give_v voice_n the_o mean_n of_o obtain_v this_o freedom_n be_v first_o and_o special_o by_o birth_n 3._o wherein_o it_o be_v require_v as_o may_v be_v gather_v by_o appius_n oration_n that_o both_o the_o parent_n as_o well_o the_o mother_n as_o the_o father_n shall_v be_v free_a themselves_o howbeit_o ulpian_n write_v that_o the_o son_n may_v challenge_v the_o freedom_n of_o the_o state_n wherein_o his_o father_n live_v and_o be_v free_a so_o that_o the_o father_n be_v of_o campania_n and_o the_o mother_n of_o puteolis_n he_o judge_v the_o son_n to_o belong_v to_o campania_n according_a to_o that_o of_o canuleius_n 3._o that_o the_o child_n inherit_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o father_n as_o the_o head_n of_o the_o family_n and_o the_o better_a rule_n to_o direct_v in_o this_o behalf_n 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observation_n upon_o caesar_n commentary_n by_o clement_a edmunde_n remembrancer_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n the_o commentary_n of_o c._n julius_n caesar_n of_o his_o war_n in_o gallia_n and_o the_o civil_a war_n betwixt_o he_o and_o pompey_z translate_v into_o english_a with_o many_o excellent_a and_o judicious_a observation_n thereupon_o as_o also_o the_o art_n of_o our_o modern_a train_n or_o tactick_a practice_n by_o clement_n edmond_n esquire_n remembrancer_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n whereunto_o be_v adjoin_v the_o eight_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n with_o some_o short_a observation_n upon_o it_o together_o with_o the_o life_n of_o caesar_n and_o a_o account_n of_o his_o medal_n revise_v correct_v and_o enlarge_v london_n print_v by_o r._n daniel_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o henry_n twyford_n in_o vine-court_n middle_a temple_n nathaniel_n ekins_n at_o the_o gun_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n and_o john_n place_n at_o furnivall_n inn_n gate_n 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and_o do_v proclaim_v by_o i_o they_o murder_v he_o again_o that_o envy_v thou_o ben._n johnson_n caius_z julius_n caesar_n dictator_n perpetuus_n aetatis_fw-la suae_fw-la lvi_o caesaris_fw-la elogium_fw-la c._n julius_n caesar_n lucii_n caesaris_n f._n lux_fw-la caesarum_fw-la &_o pater_fw-la romanus_n alexander_n terre_fw-fr mars_n omnibus_fw-la tam_fw-la metuendus_fw-la quam_fw-la mitis_fw-la pretium_fw-la fecit_fw-la servituti_fw-la victo_n orbe_fw-la urbem_fw-la victricem_fw-la orbis_fw-la vicit_fw-la defuêre_fw-la illi_fw-la host_n hostem_fw-la habuit_fw-la patriam_fw-la ne_fw-la deesset_fw-la unquam_fw-la quod_fw-la vinceret_fw-la ingratam_fw-la patriam_fw-la patriis_fw-la armis_fw-la puniit_fw-la eam_fw-la vicit_fw-la invitus_fw-la quâ_fw-la vixit_fw-la invitâ_fw-la qui_fw-la romae_fw-la propugnator_fw-la non_fw-la regnavit_fw-la regnavit_fw-la expugnator_fw-la pro_fw-la roma_fw-la triumphârat_fw-la de_fw-la roma_fw-la triumphavit_fw-la amavit_fw-la tamen_fw-la inimicam_fw-la 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augustine_n l._n 3._o de_fw-fr c._n d._n caesar_n himself_o in_o his_o commentary_n florus_n livy_n paulus_n orosius_n eutropius_n lucan_n pliny_n de_fw-fr viris_fw-la illustribus_fw-la valerius_n maximus_n etc._n etc._n have_v pass_v the_o river_n and_o draw_v the_o army_n together_o the_o tribunes_z come_v to_o he_o in_o those_o dishonourable_a garment_n wherein_o they_o have_v flee_v from_o rome_n whereupon_o he_o make_v a_o excellent_a oration_n to_o the_o soldiery_n open_v to_o they_o his_o cause_n which_o be_v answer_v with_o general_a acclamation_n and_o promise_n of_o duty_n and_o obedience_n to_o all_o command_n this_o do_v he_o seize_v ariminum_n and_o divers_a other_o town_n and_o castle_n as_o he_o pass_v till_o he_o come_v to_o corfinium_n where_o domitius_n who_o be_v to_o succeed_v he_o in_o his_o command_n be_v garrison_v with_o 30._o cohort_n caesar_n advance_n and_o intention_n astonish_v rome_n senate_n and_o people_n nay_o
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that_o that_o day_n have_v end_v the_o war_n if_o the_o enemy_n have_v have_v a_o captain_n that_o know_v how_o to_o overcome_v but_o caesar_n as_o no_o prosperity_n disorder_v he_o so_o in_o adversity_n he_o have_v a_o courage_n and_o such_o a_o confidence_n of_o fortune_n that_o he_o be_v nothing_o cast_v down_o he_o lose_v in_o that_o engagement_n beside_o the_o common-souldiery_n 400_o roman_a knight_n 10_o tribunes_z and_o 32_o centurion_n with_o as_o many_o colour_n this_o success_n obtain_v pompey_n send_v the_o news_n of_o it_o into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n so_o advantageous_o to_o himself_o as_o if_o caesar_n be_v utter_o rout_v who_o though_o he_o do_v not_o decline_v fight_v yet_o think_v it_o not_o policy_n to_o engage_v his_o man_n late_o worsted_n though_o indeed_o exasperate_v with_o shame_n and_o indignation_n at_o their_o loss_n with_o those_o that_o be_v animate_v and_o flesh_v with_o a_o victory_n he_o therefore_o dispose_v his_o maim_a man_n into_o apollonia_n and_o in_o the_o night_n take_v his_o way_n towards_o thessaly_n both_o to_o hearten_v and_o refresh_v his_o army_n as_o also_o to_o draw_v the_o enemy_n further_o from_o the_o sea-coast_n where_o his_o main_a force_n and_o all_o his_o provision_n lay_v or_o at_o least_o to_o meet_v with_o scipio_n who_o he_o have_v intelligence_n be_v to_o join_v with_o pompey_n this_o unexpected_a departure_n of_o caesar_n bring_v pompey_n almost_o to_o a_o resolution_n to_o return_v into_o italy_n to_o recover_v that_o with_o france_n and_o spain_n and_o afterward_o to_o meet_v with_o caesar_n but_o the_o roman_a lord_n that_o be_v about_o he_o a_o sort_n of_o proud_a insolent_a indisciplinable_a people_n who_o indeed_o prove_v his_o ruin_n dissuade_v he_o and_o cause_v he_o to_o alter_v his_o design_n and_o so_o he_o fall_v upon_o the_o hot_a pursuit_n of_o caesar_n who_o make_v a_o stay_n in_o the_o field_n of_o pharsalia_n till_o that_o his_o man_n have_v reassume_v their_o courage_n 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to_o give_v battle_n they_o put_v their_o army_n in_o such_o order_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o harangued_a their_o soldier_n according_a to_o their_o several_a pretence_n in_o the_o beginning_n pompey_n horse_n consist_v most_o of_o the_o roman_a gentry_n and_o nobility_n prevail_v over_o caesar_n and_o make_v they_o give_v ground_n which_o he_o perceive_v cause_v a_o battalion_n set_v apart_o for_o that_o purpose_n to_o charge_v they_o with_o order_n to_o aim_v altogether_o at_o the_o face_n which_o pompey_n horse_n not_o able_a or_o not_o will_v to_o endure_v begin_v to_o retreat_n and_o so_o make_v way_n for_o the_o total_a overthrow_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o foot_n be_v discourage_v and_o see_v caesar_n horse_n fall_v on_o the_o victory_n be_v soon_o decide_v on_o caesar_n side_n pompey_n fly_v to_o his_o camp_n and_o leave_v the_o field_n to_o his_o adversary_n here_o be_v the_o great_a misfortune_n of_o pompey_n to_o outlive_v the_o liberty_n of_o his_o country_n which_o 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shore_n of_o the_o aegaean_a sea_n where_o meet_v accidental_o with_o a_o certain_a merchant_n ship_n of_o rome_n he_o embark_v himself_o in_o she_o and_o sail_n to_o mitylene_n where_o his_o wife_n and_o family_n be_v have_v take_v they_o with_o he_o and_o get_v together_o what_o man_n and_o ship_n a_o shatter_v fortune_n can_v furnish_v he_o with_o he_o depart_v thence_o in_o very_o great_a doubt_n and_o perplexity_n not_o able_a to_o resolve_v whither_o to_o dispose_v of_o himself_o he_o be_v advise_v by_o some_o to_o march_v into_o africa_n and_o shelter_v himself_o with_o juba_n who_o friendship_n and_o affection_n towards_o he_o he_o have_v receive_v testimony_n of_o but_o very_o late_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n his_o best_a course_n be_v to_o retire_v among_o the_o parthian_n but_o at_o last_o by_o his_o own_o wilfulness_n it_o be_v vote_v he_o shall_v go_v into_o egypt_n which_o he_o be_v the_o more_o incline_v to_o out_o of_o a_o consideration_n of_o the_o friendship_n and_o 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the_o nine_o medal_n divo_fw-la julio_n the_o effigy_n of_o caesar_n deify_v the_o star_n of_o venus_n before_o he_o or_o if_o you_o will_v caesar_n own_o on_o the_o other_o side_n mars_n upon_o a_o altar_n or_o rather_o caesar_n represent_v mars_n before_o who_o sit_v a_o figure_n which_o have_v a_o cornucopia_n or_o horn_n of_o abundance_n under_o the_o left_a arm_n in_o the_o right_n hold_v a_o victory_n which_o present_v a_o crown_n to_o he_o this_o medal_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v make_v short_o after_o caesar_n death_n to_o keep_v his_o memory_n in_o veneration_n and_o nourish_v that_o belief_n of_o the_o people_n that_o he_o be_v while_o live_v a_o god_n transform_v into_o a_o man_n it_o be_v indeed_o a_o excellent_a artifice_n of_o augustus_n and_o his_o party_n to_o make_v the_o superstitious_a vulgar_a believe_v that_o julius_n caesar_n be_v become_v a_o fellow-commoner_n among_o the_o god_n to_o make_v his_o succession_n the_o more_o plausible_a for_o be_v already_o 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posture_n of_o that_o god_n the_o statue_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o mars_n erect_v by_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o quirinus_n with_o this_o magnificent_a title_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d deo_fw-la inuicto_fw-la this_o supposition_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o dart_n for_o mars_n be_v ordinary_o represent_v with_o a_o spear_n as_o divers_a medal_n discover_v but_o in_o this_o statue_n he_o have_v a_o dart_n which_o be_v that_o piece_n of_o arm_n which_o be_v capable_a of_o further_a cast_v and_o that_o indeed_o which_o the_o roman_n most_o use_v and_o at_o the_o sight_n of_o pharsalia_n be_v one_o main_a cause_n of_o the_o victory_n caesar_n have_v give_v his_o man_n order_n that_o they_o shall_v aim_v at_o the_o face_n of_o the_o raw_a roman_a nobility_n they_o have_v to_o deal_v with_o as_o divers_a historian_n have_v deliver_v yet_o this_o argue_v not_o but_o that_o caesar_n sometime_o
make_v use_n of_o a_o javelin_n or_o pike_n as_o well_o as_o mars_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v conceive_v this_o be_v more_o for_o the_o convenience_n of_o his_o travel_n which_o be_v afoot_a and_o that_o many_o time_n in_o the_o winter_n haply_o over_o the_o alps_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o most_o of_o the_o great_a captain_n and_o general_n of_o rome_n as_o livy_n and_o plutarch_n abundant_o attest_v the_o ten_o medal_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d caiazzo_n julii_fw-la caesaris_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la dictatoris_fw-la the_o effigy_n of_o caesar_n crown_v with_o a_o thick_a crown_n of_o laurel_n which_o close_v before_o the_o better_a to_o cover_v his_o baldness_n the_o hair_n be_v thrust_v forward_o to_o help_v it_o the_o reverse_n have_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d iliensium_fw-la bis_fw-la neocororum_fw-la aeneas_n carry_v his_o father_n and_o the_o palladium_n at_o their_o quit_n of_o troy_n the_o little_a julus_n go_v before_o with_o his_o hat_n in_o his_o hand_n that_o which_o in_o this_o fall_v under_o question_n be_v first_o to_o know_v the_o situation_n of_o this_o ilium_n wherein_o strabo_n have_v spend_v more_o sweat_n than_o all_o the_o geographer_n affirm_v it_o be_v not_o the_o ilium_n of_o his_o time_n a_o town_n well_o know_v nor_o any_o thing_n build_v upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o old_a one_o so_o ill-entreated_n by_o the_o greek_n as_o be_v distant_a from_o this_o thirty_o stadia_fw-la that_o in_o that_o place_n there_o be_v only_o a_o small_a village_n bear_v up_o the_o name_n that_o it_o be_v build_v up_o by_o alexander_n from_o a_o small_a town_n that_o it_o be_v before_o have_v a_o little_a temple_n of_o minerva_n much_o ruin_v and_o receive_v from_o he_o divers_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n with_o a_o promise_n after_o his_o victory_n over_o darius_n of_o a_o magnificent_a temple_n and_o the_o toleration_n and_o set_v up_o of_o game_n and_o exercise_n this_o be_v partly_o execute_v after_o his_o death_n by_o lysimachus_n who_o enlarge_v the_o city_n by_o a_o wall_n of_o forty_o stadia_fw-la dispose_v thither_o many_o out_o of_o the_o neighbour_a city_n that_o be_v ruin_v after_o which_o it_o be_v ruin_v and_o restore_v diverse_a time_n but_o last_o it_o receive_v great_a favour_n from_o sylla_n which_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o it_o declare_v against_o caesar_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o those_o of_o that_o city_n know_v not_o at_o that_o time_n that_o caesar_n pretend_v to_o be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o venus_n and_o anchises_n which_o be_v only_o find_v out_o after_o his_o victory_n but_o at_o length_n caesar_n receive_v they_o into_o favour_n restore_v and_o confirm_v their_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n and_o imitate_v alexander_n do_v they_o many_o courtesy_n in_o the_o second_o place_n the_o understanding_n of_o these_o word_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d or_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d iliensium_fw-la neocororum_fw-la the_o word_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d be_v translate_v common_o aedituorum_fw-la which_o we_o can_v render_v proper_o in_o english_a but_o by_o overseer_n supervisor_n and_o those_o that_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o temple_n and_o dispose_v of_o all_o thing_n sacred_a or_o in_o some_o sort_n they_o be_v such_o as_o we_o call_v churchwarden_n in_o our_o church_n but_o they_o be_v not_o those_o neocori_n of_o the_o temple_n that_o this_o medal_n and_o divers_a other_o represent_v unto_o we_o but_o the_o word_n be_v analogical_o apply_v to_o whole_a nation_n as_o also_o to_o city_n and_o body_n corporate_a to_o who_o the_o king_n and_o afterward_o the_o emperor_n give_v commission_n to_o make_v panegyric_n and_o encomiastic_a oration_n upon_o their_o statue_n pomp_n religious_a worship_n public_a recreation_n and_o exercise_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o god_n and_o prince_n which_o be_v do_v out_o of_o the_o public_a stock_n or_o by_o the_o contribution_n of_o the_o corporation_n as_o therefore_o the_o neocori_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o temple_n be_v disposer_n and_o guardian_n of_o the_o thing_n sacred_a that_o be_v in_o their_o sanctuary_n nay_o haply_o entertain_v the_o people_n or_o stranger_n with_o the_o rarity_n and_o antiquity_n of_o their_o worship_n and_o mystery_n so_o these_o national_n neocori_n have_v the_o superintendency_n over_o the_o pomp_n and_o solemnity_n panegyricall_a celebration_n exercise_n sacrifice_n and_o ceremony_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v upon_o the_o more_o festival_n day_n whereof_o they_o have_v the_o absolute_a disposal_n this_o i_o build_v upon_o the_o conjecture_n of_o the_o great_a and_o learned_a selden_n who_o be_v the_o first_o cut_v this_o gordian_a knot_n upon_o a_o passage_n of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n chap._n 19_o there_o we_o have_v demetrius_n and_o those_o of_o his_o profession_n raise_v a_o tumult_n and_o accuse_v st._n paul_n and_o other_o for_o preach_v that_o the_o statue_n make_v with_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n be_v not_o go_n the_o town-clark_n or_o the_o churchwarden_n have_v appease_v the_o tumult_n tell_v they_o that_o it_o be_v wellknown_a that_o the_o city_n of_o ephesus_n be_v then_o neocore_n in_o the_o english_a translation_n worshipper_n of_o the_o great_a goddess_n diana_n and_o of_o the_o image_n fall_v from_o jupiter_n and_o that_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o contradiction_n in_o that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n rash_o for_o these_o man_n faith_n he_o be_v neither_o sacrilegious_a nor_o blasphemous_a person_n and_o therefore_o have_v do_v nothing_o against_o the_o majesty_n of_o diana_n but_o if_o they_o have_v any_o matter_n against_o any_o man_n the_o law_n be_v open_a but_o in_o case_n it_o be_v something_o else_o relate_v to_o their_o goddess_n whether_o by_o blasphemy_n impiety_n or_o sacrilege_n the_o cognizance_n whereof_o do_v of_o right_o belong_v to_o the_o ephesian_n in_o body_n as_o be_v then_o neocori_n they_o shall_v have_v satisfaction_n in_o a_o full_a assembly_n convocate_v for_o thing_n of_o that_o nature_n now_o those_o silver_n shrine_n which_o demetrius_n be_v say_v to_o make_v be_v conceive_v to_o have_v be_v model_n of_o that_o magnificent_a temple_n which_o the_o ephesian_n be_v neocori_n cause_v out_o of_o magnifice_fw-la to_o be_v make_v of_o that_o rich_a metal_n have_v this_o controversy_n between_o the_o apostle_n and_o the_o goldsmith_n come_v to_o a_o decision_n they_o have_v proceed_v thus_o they_o will_v have_v have_v some_o to_o make_v public_a panegyric_n of_o their_o goddess_n in_o the_o first_o place_n then_o if_o paul_n and_o his_o companion_n shall_v not_o rest_v satisfy_v this_o neocorean_a people_n will_v have_v punish_v they_o according_a to_o their_o manner_n now_o that_o the_o neocori_n of_o the_o temple_n be_v use_v to_o commend_v to_o all_o comer_n especial_o traveller_n the_o greatness_n and_o power_n of_o their_o god_n and_o that_o the_o neocori_n of_o city_n imitate_v they_o but_o do_v it_o with_o great_a pomp_n employ_v person_n eminent_a for_o learning_n and_o eloquence_n as_o poet_n and_o orator_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o god_n as_o also_o their_o king_n monarch_n emperor_n founder_n and_o that_o upon_o day_n in_o stituted_a and_o ordain_v for_o that_o purpose_n may_v be_v learn_v from_o horace_n who_o lib._n 2._o ep._n 1._o writing_n to_o augustus_n call_v those_o poet_n aidituos_a who_o shall_v immortalize_v the_o virtue_n of_o that_o emperor_n or_o rather_o those_o who_o be_v charge_v to_o choose_v such_o as_o shall_v do_v it_o in_o these_o verse_n sed_fw-la tamen_fw-la est_fw-la operae_fw-la pretium_fw-la cognoscere_fw-la quale_fw-la be_v aedituos_fw-la habeat_fw-la belli_fw-la spectata_fw-la domique_fw-la virtus_fw-la indigno_fw-la non_fw-la committenda_fw-la poetae_fw-la but_o beside_o selden_n have_v well_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v none_o of_o these_o medal_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o that_o the_o city_n of_o greece_n be_v not_o yet_o arrive_v to_o that_o esteem_n of_o the_o roman_a greatness_n by_o the_o fabric_n of_o their_o money_n and_o other_o sign_n of_o veneration_n which_o they_o have_v come_v to_o since_o it_o become_v a_o monarchy_n this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o that_o great_a judicious_a man_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o absolute_o true_a for_o there_o be_v find_v the_o mark_n of_o this_o magnificence_n under_o the_o title_n of_o neocori_n abundant_o among_o the_o medal_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a whereof_o goltzius_n reckon_v above_o 20._o with_o this_o inscriptionâ_n koinon_n make_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d whence_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o people_n of_o macâdonia_n be_v general_o neocori_n have_v cause_v these_o coin_n to_o be_v stamp_v in_o the_o honour_n of_o alexander_n have_v upon_o the_o reverse_n the_o figure_n of_o statue_n chariot_n temple_n column_n etc._n etc._n nay_o the_o maronean_n in_o
to_o go_v when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o point_n they_o know_v not_o what_o way_n to_o go_v chap._n iii_o cââsâr_o deny_v the_o helvetian_o passage_n through_o the_o roman_a province_n he_o fortify_v the_o passage_n between_o the_o hill_n jura_n and_o the_o lake_n of_o geneva_n as_o soon_o as_o caesar_n be_v advertise_v that_o their_o purpose_n be_v to_o pass_v through_o our_o province_n caesar_n he_o haste_v to_o leave_v the_o rome_n city_n and_o post_v by_o great_a journey_n into_o the_o further_a gallia_n he_o come_v to_o geneva_n and_o inrol_v great_a force_n throughout_o all_o the_o province_n for_o that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o legion_n in_o those_o part_n he_o break_v down_o the_o bridge_n at_o geneva_n the_o helvetian_o have_v intelligence_n of_o caesar_n arrival_n send_v divers_a of_o the_o best_a of_o their_o nobility_n ambassador_n unto_o he_o whereof_o numeius_fw-la and_o veredoctius_n be_v the_o chief_a to_o give_v he_o notice_n that_o they_o have_v a_o purpose_n to_o pass_v peaceable_o through_o the_o province_n have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o go_v and_o therein_o to_o pray_v his_o sufferance_n and_o permission_n caesar_n well_o remember_v how_o lu._n cassius_n the_o consul_n be_v slay_v his_o army_n beat_v &_o the_o soldier_n put_v under_o the_o yoke_n do_v not_o hold_v it_o convenient_a to_o grant_v their_o request_n neither_o do_v he_o think_v that_o man_n so_o ill-affected_a can_v forbear_v to_o offer_v wrong_n and_o insolence_n if_o leave_n be_v give_v they_o as_o be_v require_v howbeit_o for_o the_o better_a gain_v of_o time_n and_o get_v such_o force_n together_o as_o be_v cause_v to_o be_v enrol_v he_o answer_v the_o commissioner_n that_o he_o will_v take_v a_o time_n of_o deliberation_n and_o to_o that_o end_n will_v they_o to_o return_v again_o by_o the_o ides_n of_o april_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n with_o that_o legion_n he_o have_v ready_a and_o the_o soldier_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o province_n he_o make_v a_o ditch_n and_o a_o wall_n of_o sixteen_o foot_n in_o height_n from_o the_o lake_n lemanus_n which_o run_v into_o the_o rhone_n to_o the_o hill_n jura_n that_o divide_v the_o sequans_n from_o the_o helvetian_o be_v in_o length_n nineteen_o mile_n and_o dispose_v garrison_n and_o fortress_n along_o the_o work_n the_o better_a to_o impeach_v they_o if_o happy_o they_o go_v about_o to_o break_v out_o by_o force_n at_o the_o day_n appoint_v when_o the_o ambassador_n return_v for_o a_o resolution_n he_o utter_o deny_v to_o give_v any_o leave_n to_o pass_v through_o the_o province_n have_v neither_o custom_n nor_o precedent_n from_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n to_o warrant_v he_o in_o that_o kind_n and_o if_o they_o shall_v endeavour_v it_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n he_o will_v oppugn_v they_o the_o first_o observation_n this_o manner_n of_o prolong_v of_o time_n to_o reinforce_v the_o troop_n or_o get_v some_o other_o advantage_n as_o it_o be_v then_o of_o great_a use_n to_o caesar_n and_o have_v oftentimes_o be_v practise_v to_o good_a purpose_n so_o do_v it_o discover_v to_o a_o circumspect_a enemy_n by_o the_o direction_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n which_o can_v easy_o be_v shadow_v the_o drift_n of_o that_o delay_n and_o so_o invit_v he_o with_o great_a courage_n to_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o that_o present_a advantage_n especial_o if_o tract_n of_o time_n may_v strengthen_v the_o one_o and_o not_o further_o the_o other_o which_o be_v easy_o discern_v by_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o action_n the_o second_o observation_n the_o request_n of_o the_o helvetian_o seem_v to_o deserve_v a_o facile_a answer_n be_v in_o effect_n no_o more_o than_o nature_n have_v give_v to_o the_o river_n rhone_n which_o be_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o province_n with_o as_o much_o speed_n and_o as_o little_a hurt_n as_o they_o can_v but_o caesar_n look_v further_o into_o the_o matter_n and_o compare_v thing_n already_o past_a with_o occurrence_n that_o be_v to_o follow_v after_o find_v the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n to_o be_v interest_v in_o the_o answer_n be_v either_o to_o maintain_v her_o greatness_n by_o resist_v her_o enemy_n or_o to_o degenerate_v from_o ancient_a virtue_n by_o gratify_v such_o as_o seek_v her_o ruin_n which_o in_o matter_n of_o state_n be_v thing_n of_o great_a consequence_n and_o further_o he_o know_v it_o to_o be_v a_o unsafe_a course_n to_o suffer_v a_o enemy_n to_o have_v mean_n of_o do_v hurt_v consider_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n be_v always_o prone_a to_o load_v he_o with_o further_a wrong_n who_o he_o have_v once_o injury_v not_o but_o that_o he_o can_v peradventure_o be_v content_a to_o end_v the_o quarrel_n upon_o that_o advantage_n but_o fear_v the_o other_o who_o he_o wrong_v to_o expect_v but_o a_o opportunity_n of_o revenge_n he_o get_v what_o advantage_n he_o can_v beforehand_o and_o so_o cease_v not_o until_o he_o have_v add_v a_o bloody_a end_n to_o a_o injurious_a beginning_n the_o three_o observation_n concern_v this_o marvellous_a fortification_n between_o the_o hill_n and_o the_o lake_n how_o serviceable_a such_o work_n be_v unto_o he_o in_o all_o his_o war_n in_o what_o sort_n and_o in_o how_o small_a a_o time_n they_o be_v make_v i_o will_v defer_v the_o treatise_n of_o they_o until_o i_o come_v to_o the_o height_n of_o alesia_n where_o he_o give_v some_o ground_n of_o that_o hyperbolical_a speech_n a_o medeleto_fw-it non_fw-it animadverteb_fw-mi it_o be_v decem_fw-la habere_fw-la lectas_fw-la quidem_fw-la legiones_fw-la populum_fw-la romanum_fw-la quae_fw-la non_fw-la âolum_fw-la vobis_fw-la obsistere_fw-la sed_fw-la etiam_fw-la coelum_fw-la diruere_fw-la possent_fw-la chap._n four_o the_o helvetian_o fail_v to_o pass_v the_o rhone_n take_v the_o way_n through_o the_o country_n of_o the_o sequani_n caesar_n haste_v into_o italy_n and_o there_o inroll_v more_o legion_n and_o return_v overthrow_v part_n of_o they_o at_o the_o river_n arar_n the_o helvetian_o frustrate_v of_o their_o former_a hope_n caesar_n go_v about_o some_o with_o boat_n couple_v together_o other_o with_o flat_n whereof_o they_o make_v great_a store_n the_o rest_n by_o ford_n and_o place_n where_o the_o river_n be_v shallow_a sometime_o in_o the_o day_n and_o oftentimes_o in_o the_o night_n to_o break_v out_o but_o be_v beat_v back_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o fortification_n and_o the_o concourse_n of_o soldier_n and_o multitude_n of_o weapon_n they_o desist_v from_o that_o attempt_n there_o be_v only_o another_o way_n leave_v through_o the_o sequans_n which_o they_o can_v not_o take_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrowness_n thereof_o but_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o country_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o of_o themselves_o they_o be_v able_a to_o prevail_v little_a therein_o they_o send_v messenger_n to_o dumnorix_n the_o heduan_n that_o by_o his_o mediation_n they_o may_v obtain_v so_o much_o of_o the_o sequans_n dumnorix_n what_o through_o favour_n and_o bounteous_a carriage_n be_v of_o great_a power_n in_o his_o country_n much_o affect_v the_o helvetian_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o marriage_n with_o orgetorix_n daughter_n and_o draw_v on_o with_o a_o desire_n of_o a_o kingdom_n give_v his_o mind_n to_o new_a project_n labour_v to_o gratify_v many_o state_n to_o tie_v they_o the_o rather_o to_o favour_v his_o course_n and_o thereupon_o undertake_v the_o business_n get_v the_o sequans_n to_o give_v the_o helvetian_o leave_v to_o pass_v through_o their_o confine_n give_v each_o other_o pledge_n that_o the_o sequans_n shall_v not_o interrupt_v the_o helvetian_o in_o their_o journey_n nor_o they_o offer_v any_o injury_n to_o the_o country_n it_o be_v tell_v caesar_n that_o the_o helvetian_o be_v determine_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o sequans_n and_o heduan_o on_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o santon_n who_o be_v not_o far_o from_o the_o border_n of_o the_o tholosan_n a_o people_n of_o the_o province_n which_o if_o they_o do_v he_o foresee_v how_o dangerous_a it_o will_v be_v to_o have_v a_o warlike_a nation_n and_o such_o as_o be_v enemy_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n to_o come_v so_o near_o they_o and_o to_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o open_a and_o plenteous_a country_n for_o which_o cause_n he_o leave_v t._n labienus_n a_o legate_n to_o command_v those_o work_n and_o he_o himself_o make_v great_a journey_n to_o get_v into_o italy_n where_o he_o enrol_v two_o legion_n and_o take_v three_o more_o out_o of_o their_o winter_v camp_n near_o about_o aquileia_n and_o with_o these_o five_o legion_n go_v the_o next_o way_n over_o the_o alps_o into_o the_o further_a gallia_n where_o by_o the_o way_n the_o centron_n garoceli_n and_o caturiges_n take_v advantage_n of_o the_o open_a ground_n do_v seek_v to_o keep_v the_o army_n from_o passage_n but_o be_v beat_v and_o put_v off_o by_o many_o skirmish_n they_o come_v in_o seven_o day_n from_o ocellum_fw-la a_o town_n
government_n last_o such_o as_o see_v that_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n for_o those_o man_n that_o be_v powerful_a and_o have_v the_o command_n of_o money_n to_o seize_v upon_o kingdom_n in_o gallia_n which_o they_o can_v not_o so_o easy_o do_v in_o those_o part_n where_o the_o roman_n bare_a sway_n caesar_n be_v move_v with_o letter_n and_o other_o intelligence_n to_o this_o purpose_n levy_v two_o new_a legion_n in_o the_o hither_o gallia_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o summer_n come_v on_o send_v they_o by_o q._n pedius_n his_o legate_n into_o the_o further_a gallia_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o there_o be_v forage_v in_o the_o field_n he_o himself_o come_v to_o the_o army_n he_o have_v before_o give_v charge_n to_o the_o senones_n and_o other_o of_o the_o gall_n that_o border_v upon_o the_o belgâe_n to_o learn_v every_o day_n what_o they_o can_v of_o their_o do_n &_o to_o give_v he_o a_o account_n thereof_o these_o present_o inform_v he_o that_o of_o a_o certainty_n there_o be_v nothing_o in_o belgia_n but_o muster_v of_o soldier_n and_o gather_v their_o force_n into_o one_o head_n he_o think_v it_o not_o therefore_o safe_a to_o make_v any_o further_a delay_n but_o have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n he_o draw_v out_o his_o army_n from_o their_o winter_v camp_n and_o within_o fifteen_o day_n he_o come_v to_o the_o border_n of_o the_o belgae_n assoon_o as_o he_o be_v come_v thither_o which_o be_v much_o soon_o then_o be_v look_v for_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n be_v the_o uttermost_a of_o the_o belgae_n next_o adjoin_v to_o the_o celtae_n think_v it_o best_a to_o entertain_v a_o peaceable_a resolution_n and_o send_v iccius_n and_o antebrogius_fw-la two_o of_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o their_o state_n unto_o caesar_n to_o submit_v themselves_o and_o all_o that_o they_o have_v to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n affirm_v that_o they_o be_v innocent_a both_o of_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o belgae_n and_o of_o their_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o roman_n for_o proof_n whereof_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o give_v hostage_n to_o receive_v they_o into_o their_o town_n and_o to_o furnish_v they_o with_o corn_n or_o what_o other_o thing_n they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o belgae_n be_v all_o in_o arm_n and_o the_o german_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o rhine_n have_v promise_v to_o send_v they_o succour_v yea_o their_o madness_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o themselves_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v back_o the_o suessone_n from_o that_o attempt_n be_v their_o brethren_n and_o kinsman_n in_o blood_n and_o use_v the_o same_o law_n and_o custom_n as_o they_o do_v have_v both_o one_o magistrate_n and_o one_o form_n of_o government_n but_o they_o will_v needs_o support_v the_o same_o quarrel_n which_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o belgae_n have_v undertake_v observation_n i_o may_v here_o take_v occasion_n to_o speak_v somewhat_o of_o a_o particular_a revolt_n in_o a_o general_a cause_n and_o how_o a_o confederate_a state_n may_v in_o regard_n of_o their_o own_o safety_n forsake_v a_o common_a quarrel_n or_o whatsoever_o the_o universal_a society_n have_v enact_v prejuciall_a to_o their_o common_a weal_n but_o that_o i_o only_o intend_v to_o discover_v warlike_a practice_n leave_v these_o question_n of_o law_n and_o policy_n to_o man_n of_o great_a judgement_n and_o better_a experience_n only_a i_o observe_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o roman_a government_n that_o such_o city_n as_o yield_v to_o the_o empire_n and_o become_v tributary_n to_o their_o treasury_n howsoever_o they_o be_v otherwise_o combine_v by_o confederacy_n seldom_o or_o never_o repent_v they_o of_o their_o fact_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o noble_a patronage_n which_o they_o find_v in_o that_o state_n and_o of_o the_o due_a respect_n observe_v towards_o they_o chap._n ii_o the_o power_n of_o the_o belgae_n and_o their_o preparation_n for_o this_o war_n caesar_n inquire_v of_o the_o ambassador_n which_o come_v from_o rheims_n what_o the_o state_n be_v that_o have_v take_v arm_n caesar_n and_o what_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v in_o matter_n of_o war_n find_v the_o belgae_n to_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o german_n who_o pass_v over_o the_o rhine_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o find_v it_o to_o be_v a_o fertile_a country_n drive_v away_o the_o gall_n and_o seat_v themselves_o in_o their_o possession_n and_o that_o these_o only_a of_o all_o the_o gall_n keep_v the_o cimbti_n and_o teutoni_fw-la from_o enter_v into_o their_o country_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n they_o challenge_v to_o themselves_o great_a authority_n and_o vaunt_v much_o in_o their_o feat_n of_o arm_n concern_v their_o number_n they_o have_v these_o advertisement_n the_o bâauvois_n bollovaci_n exceed_v all_o the_o belgae_n in_o prowess_n authority_n and_o number_n of_o man_n be_v able_a to_o make_v 100000_o fight_a man_n and_o out_o of_o that_o number_n have_v promise_v 60000_o towards_o this_o undertake_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n they_o demand_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o whole_a war_n next_o to_o they_o lay_v the_o soâssons_n suessone_n who_o dwell_v in_o a_o large_a and_o fruitful_a country_n and_o have_v late_o divitiacus_n for_o their_o king_n be_v the_o most_o powerful_a man_n in_o all_o gallia_n who_o have_v in_o possession_n a_o great_a part_n of_o these_o country_n and_o also_o of_o britain_n itself_o galba_n be_v their_o king_n now_o on_o who_o for_o his_o singular_a justice_n and_o prudence_n general_o with_o one_o consent_n they_o bestow_v the_o management_n of_o the_o war_n they_o have_v 12_o wall_a town_n and_o promise_v to_o set_v forth_o 50000_o man_n the_o tournay_n nervii_n who_o be_v the_o most_o barbarous_a among_o they_o all_o and_o dwell_v further_a off_o promise_v as_o many_o the_o arras_n atrebatii_n 15000._o the_o amiens_n ambianâ_n 10000_o the_o vellocassii_n and_o vermandois_n veromandui_n as_o many_o the_o tervenne_fw-fr morini_n 25000._o the_o menapii_n 9000._o the_o calete_v 10000_o the_o aduatici_n 29000._o the_o liege_n eburones_n condrusi_n and_o other_o 40000._o all_o caesar_n encourage_v the_o man_n of_o rheims_n to_o persist_v in_o their_o faithfulness_n to_o the_o roman_a empire_n propound_v unto_o they_o great_a offer_n and_o liberal_a promise_n of_o recompense_n and_o command_v all_o their_o senate_n to_o come_v before_o he_o and_o bring_v with_o they_o their_o nobleman_n son_n to_o be_v give_v up_o for_o hostage_n which_o they_o diligent_o perform_v by_o a_o day_n appoint_v and_o have_v receive_v two_o especial_a advertisement_n from_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n the_o one_o concern_v the_o multitude_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o other_o touch_v the_o singular_a opinion_n which_o be_v general_o hold_v of_o their_o manhood_n he_o provide_v for_o the_o first_o by_o persuade_v divitiacus_n the_o heduan_n that_o it_o much_o import_v the_o whole_a course_n of_o those_o business_n to_o keep_v asunder_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o withhold_v their_o force_n from_o make_v a_o head_n that_o so_o he_o may_v avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o encounter_v so_o great_a a_o power_n at_o one_o instant_a which_o may_v easy_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v if_o the_o hedui_n will_v enter_v with_o a_o strong_a power_n into_o the_o march_n of_o the_o bellovaci_n and_o sack_v their_o territory_n with_o sword_n and_o confusion_n which_o divitiacus_n promise_v to_o perform_v and_o to_o that_o purpose_n he_o speedy_o return_v into_o his_o country_n upon_o the_o second_o advertisement_n which_o present_v unto_o he_o the_o great_a valour_n and_o manhood_n of_o his_o enemy_n he_o resolve_v not_o to_o be_v too_o hasty_a in_o give_v they_o battle_n but_o first_o to_o prove_v by_o skirmish_v with_o his_o horseman_n what_o his_o enemy_n by_o their_o prowess_n can_v do_v and_o what_o his_o own_o man_n dare_v do_v observation_n this_o rule_n of_o make_v trial_n of_o the_o worth_n of_o a_o enemy_n have_v always_o be_v observe_v by_o prudent_a and_o grave_a commander_n as_o the_o sure_a principle_n whereon_o the_o true_a judgement_n of_o the_o event_n may_v be_v ground_v for_o if_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o old_a philosopher_n which_o teach_v that_o the_o word_n non_fw-fr putabam_fw-la i_o wist_v it_o not_o be_v never_o hear_v out_o of_o a_o wise_a man_n mouth_n have_v any_o place_n in_o the_o course_n of_o humane_a action_n it_o ought_v especial_o to_o be_v regard_v in_o manage_v these_o main_a point_n whereon_o the_o state_n of_o kingdom_n and_o empire_n depend_v for_o unless_o be_v be_v persuade_v that_o blind_a chance_n direct_v the_o course_n of_o this_o world_n with_o a_o uncertain_a confusion_n and_o that_o no_o foresight_n can_v sway_v the_o balance_n of_o our_o hap_n into_o either_o part_n of_o our_o fortune_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o we_o shall_v not_o by_o all_o mean_n endeavour_v to_o ground_v our_o knowledge_n upon_o true_a cause_n and_o level_v
little_a battalion_n consider_v they_o as_o they_o stand_v in_o battle_n ray_n make_v as_o great_a a_o front_n or_o great_a then_o that_o of_o the_o phalanx_n keep_v a_o depth_n answerable_a to_o the_o same_o beside_o the_o second_o and_o three_o battle_n which_o always_o be_v to_o succour_v they_o which_o the_o phalanx_n want_v neither_o will_v their_o thick_a and_o close_o imbattel_v admit_v any_o such_o succour_n behind_o they_o now_o if_o we_o compare_v the_o advantage_n and_o discommodity_n which_o by_o place_n and_o accident_n be_v incident_a to_o either_o of_o these_o we_o shall_v find_v great_a odds_o between_o they_o these_o great_a squadron_n be_v not_o feasible_a but_o in_o plain_a and_o open_a place_n where_o they_o may_v either_o stand_v immovable_a or_o make_v easy_a and_o slow_a motion_n without_o shake_v or_o disorder_v their_o body_n but_o the_o lesser_a be_v a_o scantling_n for_o all_o place_n champain_n or_o woody_a level_v or_o uneven_a or_o of_o what_o site_n or_o quality_n soever_o and_o to_o conclude_v if_o two_o or_o three_o rank_n of_o these_o great_a battalion_n chance_v to_o be_v break_v and_o disorder_v the_o whole_a body_n be_v as_o much_o interest_v in_o the_o disorder_n as_o the_o say_a rank_n be_v and_o have_v less_o mean_n to_o rally_v itself_o then_o any_o other_o lesser_a company_n but_o if_o any_o violence_n chance_n to_o rout_n a_o maniple_n it_o proceed_v no_o further_o in_o the_o army_n then_o that_o part_n which_o it_o take_v neithe_n can_v the_o disrank_n of_o any_o one_o part_n betray_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o army_n to_o disorder_n and_o confusion_n forasmuch_o as_o their_o distinction_n serve_v to_o cut_v off_o such_o inconvenience_n and_o yet_o no_o way_n hinder_v the_o general_a unite_n of_o their_o strength_n into_o one_o body_n more_o may_v be_v say_v concern_v this_o matter_n but_o i_o only_a point_n at_o it_o and_o leave_v the_o due_a consideration_n thereof_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o our_o commander_n and_o return_v to_o our_o history_n chap._n iu._n the_o belgae_n attempt_v the_o surprise_n of_o bibrax_n reâell_n caesar_n send_v succour_v unto_o it_o there_o be_v a_o town_n call_v bibrax_n belong_v to_o the_o state_n of_o rheims_n about_o eight_o mile_n from_o caesar_n camp_n which_o the_o belgae_n think_v to_o have_v surprise_v as_o they_o come_v along_o to_o meet_v with_o caesar_n and_o sudden_o assault_v it_o with_o such_o fury_n that_o the_o townsman_n can_v hardly_o hold_v out_o the_o first_o day_n the_o celtae_n and_o belgae_n use_v one_o and_o the_o same_o manner_n in_o assault_v a_o town_n for_o have_v beset_v the_o whole_a compass_n of_o the_o wall_n with_o rank_n of_o soldier_n they_o never_o cease_v fling_v of_o stone_n until_o they_o find_v the_o wall_n naked_a of_o defendant_n and_o then_o cast_v themselves_o into_o a_o testudo_fw-la they_o approach_v to_o the_o gate_n and_o undermine_v the_o wall_n which_o thing_n be_v easy_o effect_v here_o for_o so_o great_a be_v the_o number_n of_o they_o that_o throw_v stone_n and_o dart_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o defendant_n to_o abide_v upon_o the_o wall_n assoon_o as_o the_o night_n have_v make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o assault_n iccius_n of_o rheims_n a_o man_n of_o great_a birth_n and_o authority_n in_o his_o country_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v governor_n of_o the_o town_n and_o have_v be_v before_o with_o caesar_n to_o treat_v and_o conclude_v a_o peace_n send_v he_o word_n by_o messenger_n that_o if_o there_o come_v not_o present_a succour_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v out_o any_o long_o the_o same_o night_n about_o midnight_n use_v the_o same_o messenger_n for_o guide_n he_o send_v both_o numidian_a and_o cretian_a archer_n &_o slinger_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o baleares_n to_o relieve_v the_o town_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o townsman_n be_v put_v in_o good_a hope_n to_o make_v their_o party_n strong_a and_o the_o enemy_n make_v hopeless_a of_o win_v the_o town_n and_o therefore_o after_o a_o small_a stay_n have_v depopulate_v their_o field_n and_o burn_v their_o village_n and_o out-building_n they_o march_v with_o all_o their_o power_n towards_o caesar_n camp_n and_o within_o less_o than_o two_o mile_n of_o the_o army_n they_o encamp_v their_o whole_a host_n which_o as_o be_v gather_v by_o the_o smoke_n and_o fire_n take_v up_o more_o ground_n than_o eight_o mile_n in_o breadth_n the_o first_o observation_n in_o the_o description_n of_o their_o assault_n we_o be_v to_o observe_v two_o circumstance_n the_o first_o be_v the_o manner_n they_o use_v in_o a_o sudden_a surprise_n the_o second_o be_v surprise_n the_o form_n and_o quality_n of_o a_o testudo_fw-la although_o caesar_n seem_v to_o attribute_v this_o manner_n of_o assault_v a_o town_n as_o peculiar_a to_o the_o gall_n yet_o we_o may_v not_o think_v but_o that_o the_o roman_n use_v it_o as_o often_o as_o they_o have_v occasion_n to_o surprise_v any_o city_n but_o because_o the_o gall_n know_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o take_v a_o town_n but_o this_o therefore_o he_o set_v it_o down_o as_o peculiar_a unto_o they_o the_o roman_n call_v this_o manner_n of_o assault_n corona_n and_o so_o we_o read_v oftentimes_o this_o phrase_n cingere_fw-la urbem_fw-la corona_fw-la forasmuch_o as_o the_o soldier_n enclose_v the_o town_n with_o a_o circle_n and_o so_o resemble_v a_o crown_n or_o garland_n ammianus_n speak_v of_o a_o triple_a crown_n of_o soldier_n which_o encompass_v a_o town_n and_o josephus_n tell_v of_o jotapata_n which_o the_o roman_n besiege_v duplici_fw-la peditum_fw-la corona_fw-la with_o a_o double_a circle_n of_o footman_n and_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v a_o three_o circle_n of_o horseman_n outmost_a of_o all_o there_o be_v no_o further_a matter_n to_o be_v observe_v but_o this_o that_o in_o surprise_v a_o town_n they_o encircle_v it_o round_o about_o with_o thick_a continue_a rank_n of_o man_n and_o where_o they_o find_v the_o wall_n weak_a there_o they_o enter_v as_o they_o can_v the_o second_o observation_n the_o testudo_fw-la require_v a_o large_a discourse_n and_o be_v lively_o describe_v in_o livy_n after_o this_o manner_n describe_v in_o the_o amphitheatre_n 44._o where_o the_o people_n do_v often_o assemble_v to_o see_v strange_a sight_n and_o public_a show_n be_v bring_v in_o say_v he_o sixty_o lusty_a young_a man_n who_o after_o some_o motion_n and_o seemly_a march_n cast_v themselves_o into_o a_o square_a troup_n and_o roof_v their_o head_n close_o with_o their_o target_n the_o first_o rank_n which_o make_v the_o front_n of_o the_o testudo_fw-la stand_v up_o right_a on_o their_o foot_n the_o second_o rank_n bow_v itself_o somewhat_o low_a the_o three_o and_o four_o rank_n do_v more_o incline_v themselves_o and_o so_o consequent_o unto_o the_o last_o rank_n which_o kneel_v on_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o they_o make_v a_o body_n resemble_v half_o the_o side_n of_o a_o house_n which_o they_o call_v testudo_fw-la unto_o this_o squadron_n so_o strong_o combine_v together_o come_v two_o soldier_n run_v some_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o foot_n off_o and_o threaten_v each_o other_o with_o their_o weapon_n run_v nimble_o up_o the_o side_n of_o the_o roof_n and_o sometime_o make_v as_o though_o they_o will_v defend_v it_o against_o a_o enemy_n that_o will_v have_v enter_v upon_o it_o sometime_o again_o encounter_v each_o other_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o leap_v up_o and_o down_o as_o steady_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v upon_o firm_a ground_n and_o which_o be_v more_o strange_a the_o front_n of_o a_o testudo_fw-la be_v apply_v to_o the_o side_n of_o a_o wall_n there_o ascend_v many_o arm_a man_n upon_o the_o say_v testudo_fw-la and_o fight_v in_o a_o equal_a height_n with_o other_o soldier_n that_o stand_v upon_o the_o say_a wall_n to_o defend_v it_o the_o dissimilitude_n in_o the_o composition_n be_v this_o that_o the_o soldier_n that_o be_v in_o front_n and_o in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o square_n carry_v not_o their_o target_n over_o their_o head_n as_o the_o other_o do_v but_o cover_v their_o body_n with_o they_o and_o so_o no_o weapon_n either_o cast_v from_o the_o wall_n or_o otherwise_o throw_v against_o it_o can_v any_o way_n hurt_v they_o and_o whatsoever_o weight_n fall_v upon_o the_o testudo_fw-la it_o quick_o glide_v down_o by_o the_o declivity_n of_o the_o roof_n without_o any_o hurt_n or_o annoyance_n at_o all_o thus_o far_o livy_n go_v neither_o do_v i_o know_v what_o to_o say_v further_o of_o it_o the_o chief_a use_n thereof_o be_v in_o a_o surprise_n or_o sudden_a attempt_n against_o a_o town_n before_o the_o townsman_n be_v thorough_o prepare_v to_o defend_v the_o same_o this_o invention_n serve_v they_o to_o approach_v the_o wall_n with_o safety_n and_o so_o either_o to_o undermine_v it_o or_o to_o climb_v up_o and_o to_o that_o end_n they_o oftentimes_o erect_v one_o testudo_fw-la
come_v even_o to_o the_o rampire_n of_o the_o camp_n whereat_o the_o legate_n wonder_v as_o at_o a_o thing_n void_a of_o reason_n keep_v himself_o quiet_a until_o he_o have_v discover_v their_o treachery_n and_o so_o make_v frustrate_v their_o intent_n in_o like_a manner_n caesar_n not_o persuade_v that_o man_n shall_v be_v so_o heedless_a to_o carry_v a_o retreat_n in_o that_o disorderly_a and_o tumultuous_a manner_n will_v not_o discamp_v his_o man_n to_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o that_o advantage_n until_o he_o have_v find_v that_o to_o be_v true_a which_o in_o all_o reason_n be_v unlikely_a and_o thus_o 308000_o belgae_n be_v chase_v and_o slaughter_a by_o three_o legion_n of_o the_o roman_n for_o want_v of_o government_n and_o order_n in_o their_o departure_n chap._n vii_o caesar_n follow_v after_o the_o belgae_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o suessone_n and_o there_o besiege_v noviodunum_n caesar_n the_o next_o day_n after_o their_o departure_n before_o they_o can_v recover_v themselves_o of_o their_o fear_n and_o flight_n or_o have_v time_n to_o put_v themselves_o again_o in_o breath_n caesar_n as_o it_o be_v continue_v still_o the_o chase_n and_o victory_n lead_v his_o army_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o soyssons_fw-fr suessone_n the_o next_o borderer_n unto_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n and_o after_o a_o long_a journey_n come_v unto_o noviodunum_n a_o town_n of_o good_a importance_n which_o he_o attempt_v to_o take_v by_o surprise_n as_o he_o pass_v along_o by_o it_o for_o he_o understand_v that_o it_o be_v altogether_o unfurnished_v of_o defensive_a provision_n have_v no_o force_n within_o to_o defend_v it_o but_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o ditch_n and_o height_n of_o the_o wall_n he_o be_v for_o that_o time_n disappoint_v of_o his_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o have_v fortify_v his_o camp_n he_o begin_v to_o make_v preparation_n for_o a_o siege_n the_o night_n follow_v the_o whole_a multitude_n of_o the_o suessone_n that_o have_v escape_v by_o flight_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o town_n howbeit_o when_o the_o vineae_fw-la be_v with_o great_a expedition_n bring_v unto_o the_o wall_n the_o mount_v raise_v and_o the_o turret_n build_v the_o gall_n be_v amaze_v at_o the_o highness_n of_o the_o work_n such_o as_o they_o have_v never_o see_v nor_o hear_v of_o before_o and_o the_o speed_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o dispatch_n thereof_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o treat_v of_o give_v up_o the_o town_n and_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n obtain_v their_o suit_n the_o first_o observation_n in_o this_o relation_n we_o may_v observe_v the_o industrious_a art_n which_o the_o roman_n use_v in_o assault_v &_o take_v hold_n &_o town_n wherein_o we_o find_v three_o sort_n of_o engine_n describe_v vinea_fw-la agger_fw-la and_o turres_n caesar_n march_n where_o in_o every_o legion_n have_v his_o cariadge_n in_o front_n agger_fw-la mount_v which_o we_o call_v a_o mount_n be_v describe_v in_o divers_a history_n to_o be_v a_o hill_n or_o elevation_n make_v of_o earth_n and_o other_o substance_n which_o by_o little_a and_o little_o be_v raise_v forward_o until_o it_o approach_v near_o unto_o the_o place_n against_o which_o it_o be_v build_v that_o upon_o this_o mount_n they_o may_v erect_v fortress_n and_o turret_n and_o so_o fight_v with_o a_o advantage_n of_o height_n the_o matter_n of_o this_o mount_n be_v earth_n and_o stone_n faggot_n and_o timber_n josephus_n say_v that_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o jerusalem_n the_o roman_n cut_v down_o all_o the_o tree_n within_o 11_o mile_n compass_n for_o matter_n and_o stuff_n to_o make_v a_o mount_n the_o side_n of_o this_o agger_fw-la be_v of_o timber_n to_o keep_v in_o the_o loose_a matter_n the_o forepart_n which_o be_v towards_o the_o place_n of_o service_n be_v open_a without_o any_o timber-work_n for_o on_o that_o part_n they_o still_o raise_v it_o and_o bring_v it_o near_o the_o wall_n that_o which_o be_v build_v at_o massilia_n be_v 80_o foot_n high_a and_o that_o at_o avaricum_n 80_o foot_n high_a and_o 30_o foot_n broad_a josephus_n and_o egesippus_fw-la write_v that_o there_o be_v a_o fortress_n in_o judea_n 300_o cubit_n high_a which_o silvius_n purpose_v to_o win_v by_o assault_n raise_v a_o mount_n 200_o cubit_n high_a and_o upon_o it_o he_o build_v a_o castle_n of_o stone_n 50_o cubit_n high_a and_o fifty_o cubit_n broad_a and_o upon_o the_o say_a castle_n he_o erect_v a_o turret_n of_o 60_o cubit_n in_o height_n and_o so_o take_v the_o fortress_n the_o roman_n oftentimes_o raise_v these_o mount_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o haven_n and_o common_o to_o overtop_n a_o town_n that_o so_o they_o may_v fight_v with_o much_o advantage_n among_o other_o engine_n in_o use_n among_o the_o roman_n describe_v their_o movable_a turret_n be_v very_o famous_a for_o they_o be_v build_v in_o some_o safe_a place_n out_o of_o danger_n and_o with_o wheel_n put_v under_o they_o be_v drive_v to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n these_o turret_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n either_o great_a or_o little_a the_o lesser_a sort_n be_v describe_v by_o vitruvius_n to_o be_v sixty_o cubit_n high_a and_o the_o square_a side_n seventeen_o cubit_n the_o breadth_n at_o the_o top_n be_v a_o five_o part_n of_o the_o breath_n at_o the_o base_a and_o so_o they_o stand_v sure_a without_o any_o danger_n of_o fall_v the_o corner_n pillar_n be_v at_o the_o base_a nine_o inch_n square_a and_o six_o inch_n at_o the_o top_n there_o be_v common_o 10_o story_n in_o these_o little_a turret_n and_o window_n in_o every_o story_n the_o great_a sort_n of_o tower_n be_v 120_o cubit_n high_a and_o the_o square_a side_n be_v 24_o cubit_n the_o breadth_n at_o the_o top_n be_v a_o five_o part_n of_o the_o base_a and_o in_o every_o one_o of_o these_o be_v common_o 200_o story_n there_o be_v not_o one_o and_o the_o same_o distance_n keep_v between_o the_o story_n for_o the_o low_a common_o be_v 7_o cubit_n and_o 12_o inch_n high_a the_o high_a story_n 5_o cubit_n and_o the_o rest_n 4_o cubit_n and_o a_o three_o in_o every_o one_o of_o these_o story_n be_v soldier_n and_o engine_n ladder_n and_o cast_a bridge_n by_o which_o they_o get_v upon_o the_o wall_n and_o enter_v the_o town_n the_o forepart_n of_o these_o turret_n be_v cover_v with_o iron_n and_o wet_a cover_n to_o save_v they_o from_o fire_n the_o soldier_n that_o remove_v the_o tower_n to_o and_o fro_o be_v always_o within_o the_o square_a thereof_o and_o so_o they_o stand_v out_o of_o danger_n the_o new_a waterwork_n by_o broken-wharfe_n in_o london_n much_o resemble_v one_o of_o these_o tower_n the_o second_o observation_n upon_o the_o build_n of_o these_o mighty_a engine_n it_o be_v no_o marvel_n if_o the_o suessone_n submit_v themselves_o to_o such_o powerful_a industry_n for_o whatsoever_o be_v strange_a and_o unusual_a do_v much_o affright_v the_o spirit_n of_o a_o enemy_n &_o breed_v a_o motion_n of_o distrust_n &_o diffidency_n when_o as_o they_o find_v themselves_o ignorant_a of_o such_o warlike_a practice_n for_o novelty_n always_o breed_v wonder_n in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o true_a reason_n and_o cause_n be_v unknown_a we_o apprehend_v it_o as_o diverse_a from_o the_o usual_a course_n of_o thing_n and_o so_o stand_v gaze_v at_o the_o strangeness_n thereof_o and_o wonder_v as_o it_o add_v worth_a to_o the_o novelty_n so_o it_o infer_v diffidencie_n and_o so_o consequent_o fear_v the_o utter_a enemy_n of_o martial_a valour_n chap._n viii_o caesar_n carry_v his_o army_n to_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o bellovaci_n ambiani_n and_o the_o nervii_n caesar_n take_v for_o pledge_n the_o chief_a of_o their_o city_n caesar_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n king_n galba_n own_n two_o son_n upon_o the_o delivery_n of_o all_o their_o arm_n receive_v the_o suessone_n to_o mercy_n and_o from_o thence_o lead_v his_o army_n against_o the_o bellovaci_n mercy_n who_o have_v convey_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o good_n into_o the_o town_n call_v bratuspantium_n and_o understanding_n that_o caesar_n be_v come_v within_o five_o mile_n of_o the_o place_n all_o the_o elder_a sort_n come_v forth_o to_o meet_v he_o signify_v by_o the_o stretch_n forth_o of_o their_o hand_n and_o by_o their_o suppliant_a word_n that_o they_o yield_v themselves_o up_o to_o caesar_n disposal_n and_o will_v no_o long_o bear_v arm_n against_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o so_o again_o when_o he_o be_v come_v near_o the_o town_n and_o have_v there_o set_v down_o his_o army_n the_o very_a boy_n and_o woman_n appear_v upon_o the_o wall_n with_o extend_a hand_n as_o their_o custom_n be_v beseech_v seek_v peace_n of_o the_o roman_n for_o these_o divitiacus_n become_v a_o mediator_n who_o after_o the_o belgae_n have_v break_v up_o their_o camp_n have_v dismiss_v his_o heduan_n force_n and_o be_v return_v
the_o province_n which_o be_v speedy_o dispatch_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n will_v permit_v he_o he_o come_v into_o gallia_n the_o veneti_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o confederacy_n understand_v of_o caesar_n arrival_n and_o consider_v how_o heinous_a a_o fact_n they_o have_v commit_v in_o detain_v the_o ambassador_n and_o cast_v they_o into_o iron_n who_o name_n be_v hold_v sacred_a and_o inviolable_a among_o all_o nation_n prepare_v according_o to_o answer_v so_o eminent_a a_o danger_n and_o especial_o such_o necessary_n as_o pertain_v to_o ship_v and_o sea-fight_n the_o observation_n from_o hence_o i_o may_v take_v occasion_n brief_o to_o touch_v the_o reverend_a opinion_n which_o all_o nation_n ambassador_n how_o barbarous_a soever_o have_v general_o conceive_v of_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o ambassador_n and_o what_o the_o ground_n be_v of_o this_o universal_o receive_v custom_n which_o in_o all_o age_n and_o time_n have_v hold_v authentical_a and_o first_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o all_o mankind_n as_o endue_v with_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o property_n be_v so_o link_v together_o in_o the_o strict_a alliance_n of_o humane_a society_n that_o albeit_o their_o turbulent_a and_o disagree_a passion_n which_o in_o themselves_o be_v unnatural_a as_o proceed_v from_o corruption_n and_o defect_n drive_v they_o into_o extreme_a discord_n and_o disunion_n of_o spirit_n and_o break_v the_o bond_n of_o civil_a conversation_n which_o otherwise_o we_o do_v natural_o affect_v yet_o without_o a_o necessary_a intercourse_n and_o traffic_n of_o society_n we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v on_o foot_n the_o very_a discord_n itself_o in_o term_n of_o reason_n and_o orderly_a proceed_n but_o all_o part_n will_v be_v blend_v with_o disorder_a confusion_n and_o go_v to_o wrack_n for_o want_v of_o these_o mutual_a office_n perform_v by_o messenger_n so_o straight_o be_v the_o bond_n of_o nature_n and_o so_o powerful_a be_v the_o law_n which_o she_o enact_v and_o therefore_o if_o it_o be_v for_o no_o other_o end_n which_o may_v sort_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o either_o party_n as_o there_o be_v many_o good_a use_n thereof_o yet_o to_o hold_v up_o the_o quarrel_n and_o keep_v it_o from_o fall_v make_v war_n according_a to_o the_o ground_n of_o reason_n the_o intercourse_n of_o messenger_n be_v not_o to_o be_v interrupt_v nor_o their_o person_n to_o be_v touch_v with_o hateful_a violence_n but_o that_o which_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o nation_n have_v madâ_n a_o law_n aught_o as_o religious_o to_o be_v observe_v as_o a_o oracle_n of_o our_o own_o belief_n second_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o end_n of_o war_n be_v or_o at_o the_o least_o shall_v be_v peace_n which_o by_o treaty_n of_o mutual_a messenger_n be_v principal_o to_o be_v confirm_v to_o the_o end_n that_o no_o people_n may_v seem_v so_o barbarous_a as_o to_o maintain_v a_o war_n which_o only_o intend_v blood_n and_o propose_v as_o the_o chief_a object_n the_o death_n and_o mortality_n of_o mankind_n no_o way_n respect_v peace_n and_o civil_a government_n such_o as_o refuse_v the_o intercourse_n of_o messenger_n as_o the_o mean_n of_o amity_n and_o concord_n be_v just_o condemn_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o nation_n as_o unworthy_a of_o humane_a society_n last_o of_o all_o it_o be_v a_o injury_n of_o great_a dishonour_n and_o deserve_v the_o reward_n of_o extreme_a infamy_n to_o revenge_v the_o master_n his_o quarrel_n upon_o a_o servant_n and_o punish_v ambassador_n for_o the_o fault_n of_o their_o state_n consider_v that_o their_o chief_a duty_n consist_v in_o the_o faithful_a relation_n of_o such_o mandate_n as_o they_o have_v receive_v which_o may_v as_o well_o tend_v to_o the_o advancement_n and_o honour_n of_o that_o city_n to_o which_o they_o be_v send_v as_o to_o the_o dishonour_n and_o ruin_n of_o the_o same_o whereof_o the_o messenger_n take_v no_o notice_n and_o therefore_o whether_o we_o desire_v war_n or_o peace_n the_o free_a liberty_n &_o holy_a order_n of_o ambassador_n be_v reverent_o to_o be_v respect_v and_o defend_v from_o brutish_a and_o unnatural_a violence_n chap._n v._n the_o proceed_n of_o either_o party_n in_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o war_n the_o veneti_n conceive_v great_a hope_n of_o their_o enterprise_n caesar_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o situation_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o the_o passage_n by_o land_n be_v break_v and_o cut_v off_o with_o arm_n and_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n navigation_n and_o entrance_n by_o sea_n be_v so_o troublesome_a and_o dangerous_a in_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v altogether_o unacquainted_a with_o the_o channel_n and_o shelf_n of_o the_o coast_n and_o there_o be_v so_o few_o port_n neither_o do_v they_o think_v that_o the_o roman_a army_n can_v long_o continue_v there_o without_o corn_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v in_o those_o quarter_n and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o course_n of_o thing_n be_v carry_v contrary_a to_o this_o probable_a expectation_n yet_o they_o themselves_o be_v strong_a in_o ship_v whereas_o the_o roman_n have_v none_o at_o all_o neither_o have_v they_o knowledge_n of_o the_o flat_n and_o shallows_o port_n and_o island_n of_o that_o coast_n where_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v and_o to_o conclude_v they_o shall_v find_v the_o use_n of_o navigation_n in_o that_o narrow_a sea_n to_o be_v far_o different_a from_o that_o which_o they_o be_v accustom_v unto_o in_o the_o vast_a and_o open_a ocean_n in_o this_o resolution_n they_o fortify_v their_o town_n lendriguer_n store_v they_o with_o provision_n lisieux_n and_o bring_v all_o their_o ship_n to_o vannes_n nantes_n against_o who_o caesar_n as_o it_o be_v report_v will_v begin_v to_o make_v war_n be_v take_v the_o osismi_n leââdoââ_n lexovii_n britain_n nannete_n ambialite_n morini_n menapii_n diablintre_n as_o consort_n and_o partaker_n in_o this_o quarrel_n notwithstanding_o these_o difficulty_n many_o motive_n stir_v up_o caesar_n to_o undertake_v this_o war_n as_o namely_o the_o violent_a detain_v of_o the_o roman_a knight_n their_o rebellion_n after_o they_o have_v yield_v themselves_o by_o rendry_a and_o give_v hostage_n of_o their_o loyalty_n the_o conspiracy_n of_o so_o many_o city_n which_o be_v now_o neglect_v may_v afterward_o incite_v other_o nation_n and_o state_n to_o the_o like_a insolency_n and_o therefore_o understand_v that_o almost_o all_o the_o gall_n be_v incline_v to_o novelty_n and_o alteration_n and_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n be_v quick_a and_o ready_a to_o undertake_v a_o war_n and_o further_o consider_v that_o all_o man_n by_o nature_n desire_a liberty_n and_o hate_v the_o servile_a condition_n of_o bondage_n he_o prevent_v all_o further_a insurrection_n of_o the_o other_o state_n with_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o roman_a force_n in_o several_a place_n at_o once_o and_o send_v titus_n labienus_n with_o the_o cavalry_n unto_o the_o trier_n treviri_n that_o border_v upon_o the_o rhine_n to_o he_o he_o give_v in_o charge_n to_o visit_v the_o man_n of_o rheims_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o belgae_n to_o keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n and_o to_o hinder_v such_o force_n as_o may_v peradventure_o be_v transport_v over_o the_o river_n by_o the_o german_n to_o further_o this_o rebellious_a humour_n of_o the_o gall_n he_o command_v likewise_o pub._n crassus_n with_o twelve_o legionary_a cohort_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o horse_n to_o go_v into_o aquitane_n lest_o there_o may_v come_v any_o aid_n from_o those_o nation_n &_o such_o considerable_a force_n join_v together_o he_o send_v also_o q._n titurius_n sabinus_n with_o three_o legion_n unto_o the_o lexovii_n curiosolitae_n and_o unelli_n to_o disappoint_v any_o practice_n which_o rebelliok_n mind_n may_v intend_v and_o make_v d._n brutus_n chief_a admiral_n of_o the_o navy_n &_o of_o those_o french_a ship_n which_o he_o have_v get_v together_o from_o the_o pictones_n santones_n &_o other_o province_n which_o continue_v quiet_a &_o obedient_a he_o give_v he_o in_o charge_n to_o make_v towards_o vannes_n with_o what_o speed_n he_o can_v and_o he_o himself_o march_v thitherward_o with_o the_o foot_n force_n the_o observation_n in_o the_o first_o book_n i_o observe_v the_o authority_n which_o the_o roman_a leader_n have_v to_o undertake_v a_o war_n without_o further_a acquaint_v the_o senate_n with_o the_o consequence_n thereof_o in_o this_o place_n let_v we_o observe_v the_o care_n and_o circumspection_n which_o the_o general_n have_v who_o do_v not_o undertake_v a_o troublesome_a and_o dangerous_a war_n upon_o a_o humour_n or_o any_o other_o flend_a motion_n but_o diligent_o weigh_v the_o circumstance_n thereof_o and_o measure_v the_o peril_n and_o hazard_n of_o the_o war_n with_o the_o good_a and_o consequence_n of_o the_o effect_n inform_v their_o judgement_n of_o the_o importance_n of_o that_o action_n and_o so_o try_v whether_o the_o benefit_n will_v answer_v their_o
labour_n and_o thus_o we_o find_v the_o reason_n particular_o deliver_v that_o move_v caesar_n first_o to_o undertake_v the_o helvetian_a war_n and_o then_o the_o cause_n which_o draw_v he_o on_o to_o the_o quarrel_n with_o ariovistus_n then_o follow_v the_o necessity_n of_o that_o war_n with_o the_o belgae_n and_o now_o the_o motive_n which_o induce_v he_o to_o this_o with_o the_o maritime_a city_n of_o bretagne_n and_o so_o consequent_o of_o his_o passage_n into_o germany_n or_o what_o other_o enterprise_n he_o attempt_v which_o he_o lay_v down_o as_o the_o ground_n and_o occasion_n of_o those_o war_n and_o can_v not_o be_v avoid_v but_o with_o the_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n further_o let_v we_o observe_v the_o mean_n he_o use_v to_o prevent_v the_o inclination_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o subjection_n and_o peaceable_a obedience_n by_o send_v his_o man_n into_o divers_a quarter_n of_o that_o continent_n and_o so_o settle_v the_o waver_a disposition_n of_o the_o further_a skirt_n with_o the_o weight_n of_o his_o army_n and_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o legionary_a soldier_n which_o he_o send_v ready_a to_o stifle_v all_o motion_n of_o rebellion_n in_o the_o beginning_n that_o they_o may_v not_o break_v out_o to_o the_o prejudice_n and_o diminution_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o good_a success_n of_o his_o proceed_n beside_o the_o advantage_n which_o he_o gain_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o he_o so_o little_o fear_v concern_v the_o upshot_n of_o that_o quarrel_n that_o he_o have_v disperse_v tâe_v great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n upon_o other_o service_n the_o rest_n be_v sufficient_a to_o end_v that_o war_n chap._n vi_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o ship_n and_o their_o sea-sight_n the_o situation_n of_o almost_o all_o these_o city_n be_v such_o caesar_n that_o be_v build_v in_o point_n &_o promontory_n they_o can_v not_o at_o full_a sea_n which_o happen_v always_o twice_o in_o 12_o hour_n be_v approach_v by_o foot-force_n nor_o yet_o with_o ship_v for_o again_o in_o a_o ebb_n the_o vessel_n be_v lay_v on_o the_o grounâ_n and_o so_o leave_v as_o a_o prey_n to_o the_o enemy_n and_o if_o the_o roman_n go_v about_o to_o shut_v out_o the_o sea_n with_o mount_n which_o they_o raise_v equal_a to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n and_o be_v at_o the_o point_n of_o enter_v and_o take_v it_o yet_o the_o townsman_n have_v such_o store_n of_o ship_v will_v easy_o convey_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o carriage_n into_o the_o next_o town_n and_o there_o help_v themselves_o with_o the_o like_a advantage_n of_o place_n and_o thus_o they_o delude_v caesar_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o summer_n for_o the_o roman_a fleet_n by_o reason_n of_o continual_a wind_n and_o foul_a weather_n dare_v not_o adventure_v to_o put_v out_o of_o the_o river_n loire_n into_o so_o vast_a a_o sea_n wherein_o the_o haven_n and_o road_n be_v few_o and_o far_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o and_o the_o tide_n great_a the_o ship_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v thus_o build_v and_o rig_v the_o keel_n be_v somewhat_o flatter_v then_o the_o roman_n ship_v the_o better_a to_o bear_v the_o ebb_n and_o shallows_n of_o that_o coast_n the_o fore-deck_a be_v altogether_o erect_v and_o perpendicular_a the_o poop_n be_v make_v to_o bear_v the_o hugeness_n of_o the_o billow_n and_o the_o force_n of_o the_o tempest_n and_o in_o a_o word_n they_o be_v altogether_o build_v for_o strength_n for_o the_o rib_n and_o seat_n be_v make_v of_o beam_n of_o a_o foot_n square_a fasten_v with_o iron_n pin_n of_o a_o inch_n thick_a in_o stead_n of_o cable_n they_o use_v chain_n of_o iron_n and_o raw_a hide_n and_o skin_n for_o sail_n either_o for_o want_v of_o linen_n or_o ignorant_a of_o the_o use_n thereof_o or_o because_o sail_n of_o linen_n will_v hardly_o serve_v to_o carry_v ship_n of_o that_o burden_n or_o endure_v the_o tempestuousnesse_n of_o those_o sea_n and_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n the_o meeting_n and_o conflict_n of_o the_o roman_a navy_n with_o this_o kind_n of_o ship_n be_v such_o that_o they_o only_o excel_v they_o in_o celerity_n and_o speedy_a nimbleness_n with_o force_n of_o oar_n but_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n either_o concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n or_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o foul_a weather_n be_v far_o inferior_a unto_o they_o for_o the_o strength_n of_o they_o be_v such_o that_o they_o can_v neither_o hurt_v they_o with_o their_o beak-head_n nor_o cast_v a_o weapon_n to_o any_o purpose_n into_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o altitude_n and_o high-built_a bulk_n and_o if_o any_o gust_n chance_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o rise_v that_o force_v they_o to_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o weather_n their_o ship_n will_v better_o bear_v the_o rage_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o with_o great_a safety_n shelter_v itself_o among_o flat_n and_o shallows_n without_o fear_n of_o rock_n or_o any_o such_o hazard_n of_o all_o which_o chance_v the_o roman_a navy_n stand_v continual_o in_o danger_n observation_n and_o here_o let_v it_o not_o seem_v impertinent_a to_o the_o argument_n which_o we_o handle_v sea_n consider_v the_o general_a use_n which_o we_o islander_n have_v of_o navigation_n brief_o to_o set_v down_o the_o most_o eminent_a cause_n of_o the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o sea_n as_o far_o forth_o as_o shall_v seem_v necessary_a to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o soldier_n which_o albeit_o they_o may_v fall_v short_a of_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o this_o great_a secret_a yet_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o stand_v for_o true_a principle_n of_o regularity_n and_o well-approved_n rule_v in_o our_o art_n of_o navigation_n let_v we_o take_v they_o for_o no_o less_o than_o they_o effect_v and_o give_v they_o that_o credit_n in_o our_o imagination_n which_o tract_n of_o time_n have_v gain_v to_o those_o forge_a circle_n in_o the_o heaven_n that_o albeit_o their_o chief_a essence_n consist_v in_o conceit_n and_o supposal_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o serve_v to_o direct_v our_o knowledge_n to_o a_o certainty_n in_o that_o variety_n and_o seem_a inconstancy_n of_o motion_n we_o esteem_v of_o they_o as_o they_o effect_v and_o not_o as_o they_o be_v consider_v then_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o world_n as_o it_o make_v a_o right_a sphere_n for_o in_o that_o position_n the_o naturalist_n chief_o understand_v celestial_a influence_n to_o have_v operation_n in_o this_o liquid_a element_n of_o the_o water_n it_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o horizon_n and_o meridian_n into_o four_o quarter_n the_o first_o quarter_n be_v that_o between_o the_o east_n horizon_n and_o the_o noon_n meridian_n which_o they_o call_v a_o flow_a quarter_n the_o second_o from_o the_o noon_n meridian_n to_o the_o west_n horizon_n which_o they_o make_v a_o ebb_a quarter_n the_o three_o from_o the_o west_n horizon_n to_o the_o midnight_n meridian_n which_o they_o likewise_o call_v a_o flow_a quarter_n and_o again_o from_o the_o midnight_n meridian_n to_o the_o east_n horizon_n the_o second_o ebb_a quarter_n and_o so_o they_o make_v two_o flow_a quarter_n and_o two_o ebb_a quarter_n of_o the_o whole_a circuit_n of_o heaven_n the_o instrument_n of_o these_o sensible_a quality_n and_o contrary_a effect_n be_v the_o sun_n and_o the_o moon_n as_o they_o be_v carry_v through_o these_o distinct_a distinct_a part_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o although_o experience_n have_v note_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v of_o great_a power_n in_o watery_a motion_n yet_o we_o may_v not_o omit_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o force_n which_o the_o sun_n yield_v in_o this_o miracle_n of_o nature_n first_o therefore_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o when_o the_o moon_n or_o the_o sun_n begin_v to_o appear_v above_o the_o right_a horizon_n and_o enter_v into_o that_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o i_o term_v the_o first_o flow_v quarter_n that_o then_o the_o sea_n begin_v to_o swell_v and_o as_o they_o mount_v up_o to_o their_o meridian_n altitude_n so_o it_o increase_v until_o it_o come_v to_o a_o high_a flood_n and_o again_o as_o those_o light_n pass_v the_o meridian_n decline_v to_o the_o west_n and_o run_v the_o circuit_n of_o the_o ebb_a quarter_n so_o the_o water_n decrease_v and_o return_v again_o from_o whence_o it_o come_v again_o as_o they_o set_v under_o the_o west_n horizon_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o second_o flow_v quarter_n so_o the_o sea_n begin_v again_o to_o flow_v and_o still_o increase_v until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o night_n meridian_n and_o then_o again_o it_o reflow_v according_a as_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n be_v carry_v in_o the_o other_o ebb_a quarter_n from_o the_o night_n meridian_n to_o the_o west_n horizon_n and_o hence_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o conjunction_n or_o new_a of_o the_o moon_n spring-tide_n when_o the_o
sun_n and_o the_o moon_n be_v carry_v both_o together_o in_o the_o same_o flow_a and_o ebb_a quarter_n that_o then_o the_o tide_n and_o ebb_n be_v very_o great_a and_o likewise_o in_o opposition_n or_o full_a of_o the_o moon_n when_o these_o light_n be_v carry_v in_o opposite_a quarter_n which_o we_o have_v describe_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n either_o ebb_a or_o flow_v that_o then_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o tide_n be_v great_a forasmuch_o as_o both_o these_o planet_n through_o the_o symbolise_n quarter_n wherein_o they_o be_v carry_v do_v join_v their_o force_n to_o make_v perfect_a this_o work_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o contrariwise_o in_o a_o quadrate_n aspect_n as_o the_o astronomer_n call_v it_o or_o quarter_v age_n of_o the_o moon_n whenas_o the_o moon_n be_v carry_v in_o a_o flow_a quarter_n and_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n the_o sun_n do_v happen_v to_o be_v in_o a_o ebb_a or_o decrease_v quarter_n as_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n do_v necessary_o require_v then_o be_v the_o tide_n lessen_v as_o daily_a experience_n do_v witness_v and_o forasmuch_o as_o both_o the_o right_a horizon_n and_o the_o meridian_n also_o divide_v every_o diurnal_a circle_n which_o either_o the_o sun_n or_o the_o moon_n make_v in_o their_o revolution_n into_o equal_a part_n it_o follow_v that_o every_o tide_n be_v continual_o measure_v with_o the_o quantity_n of_o six_o hour_n and_o therefore_o that_o which_o caesar_n here_o say_v must_v needs_o be_v true_a that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o twelve_o hour_n there_o be_v always_o two_o high_a tide_n and_o lest_o any_o man_n shall_v imagine_v that_o every_o inland_n city_n stand_v upon_o a_o ebb_a and_o flow_a river_n may_v take_v the_o computation_n of_o the_o tide_n according_a to_o this_o rule_n let_v he_o understand_v that_o this_o which_o i_o have_v deliver_v be_v to_o be_v conceive_v principal_o of_o the_o sea_n itself_o and_o secondary_o of_o such_o port_n and_o haven_n as_o stand_v either_o near_a or_o upon_o the_o sea_n but_o where_o a_o river_n shall_v run_v many_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o make_v many_o wind_a meander_n before_o it_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o calculation_n it_o must_v needs_o lose_v much_o of_o this_o time_n before_o mention_v and_o thus_o much_o i_o think_v convenient_a to_o insert_v in_o these_o discourse_n touch_v the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n as_o not_o impertinent_a to_o martial_a knowledge_n concern_v the_o ship_n of_o the_o roman_n ship_n whereof_o posterity_n have_v only_o receive_v the_o bare_a name_n and_o some_o few_o circumstance_n touch_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o equipage_n the_o critic_n of_o these_o time_n have_v labour_v to_o set_v forth_o a_o fleet_n answerable_a to_o that_o which_o the_o term_n and_o title_n mention_v in_o history_n seem_v to_o report_v but_o yet_o the_o gain_n of_o their_o voyage_n do_v not_o answer_v their_o charge_n for_o many_o man_n rest_v unsatisfied_a first_o touch_v the_o name_n themselves_o whereof_o we_o find_v these_o kind_n name_v longas_fw-la onerarias_fw-la actuarias_fw-la triremes_n quadriremes_n quinqueremes_n the_o first_o we_o may_v understand_v to_o be_v galley_n or_o ship_n of_o service_n the_o second_o ship_n of_o burden_n the_o three_o ship_n that_o be_v drive_v forward_o with_o force_n of_o oar_n and_o the_o rest_n sound_v according_a to_o their_o name_n for_o i_o dare_v not_o entitle_v they_o with_o a_o more_o particular_a description_n now_o whether_o these_o name_n longas_fw-la and_o actuarias_fw-la be_v a_o several_a sort_n of_o ship_v by_o themselves_o or_o the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o quadriremes_n triremes_n and_o quinqueremes_n forasmuch_o as_o every_o kind_n of_o these_o may_v be_v call_v both_o longas_fw-la and_o actuarias_fw-la as_o it_o yet_o remain_v in_o controversy_n so_o it_o be_v not_o much_o material_a to_o that_o which_o we_o seek_v after_o but_o that_o which_o most_o trouble_v our_o sea-critick_n be_v in_o what_o sense_n they_o may_v understand_v these_o vocabulary_n triremes_n quadriremes_n and_o quinqueremes_n whether_o they_o be_v so_o term_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o number_n of_o rower_n or_o watermen_n that_o hale_v continual_o at_o a_o oar_n as_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o galley_n be_v at_o this_o day_n or_o otherwise_o because_o a_o trireme_a have_v three_o order_n of_o oar_n on_o either_o side_n a_o quadrireme_a four_o and_o a_o quinquereme_a sive_fw-la whereof_o they_o take_v their_o distinction_n of_o name_n such_o as_o hold_v that_o a_o trireme_a have_v on_o each_o side_n three_o rank_n of_o oar_n and_o so_o consequent_o of_o a_o quadrireme_a and_o quinquereme_a 28._o allege_v this_o place_n of_o livy_n to_o make_v good_a their_o opinion_n in_o the_o war_n between_o rome_n and_o carthage_n laelius_n meet_v with_o asdrubal_n in_o the_o straits_n of_o gibralta_n each_o of_o they_o have_v a_o quinquereme_a and_o seven_o or_o eight_o triremes_n a_o piece_n the_o current_n in_o that_o place_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o give_v no_o place_n to_o art_n but_o carry_v the_o vessel_n according_a to_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o billow_n in_o which_o uncertainty_n the_o triremes_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a close_v with_o the_o quinquereme_a of_o laelius_n which_o either_o because_o she_o be_v pondere_fw-la tenacior_fw-la as_o livy_n say_v or_o otherwise_o for_o that_o pluribus_fw-la remorum_fw-la ordinibus_fw-la scindentibus_fw-la vertices_fw-la facilius_fw-la regeretur_fw-la in_o regard_n of_o the_o plurality_n of_o bank_n of_o oar_n which_o resist_v the_o billow_n and_o steam_v the_o current_n she_o sink_v two_o of_o the_o triremes_n and_o so_o get_v the_o victory_n from_o hence_o they_o prove_v that_o a_o quinquereme_a have_v plures_fw-la remorumordines_fw-la then_o a_o trireme_a have_v and_o therefore_o it_o take_v the_o name_n from_o the_o plurality_n of_o bank_n of_o oar_n and_o not_o from_o the_o number_n of_o man_n that_o row_v at_o a_o oar_n but_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n do_v interpret_v ordo_fw-la remorum_fw-la to_o be_v a_o couple_n of_o oar_n one_o answer_v another_o on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n which_o we_o call_v a_o pair_n of_o oar_n so_o that_o a_o quinquereme_a be_v far_o great_a and_o long_o than_o a_o trireme_a have_v more_o pair_n of_o oar_n than_o a_o trireme_a have_v and_o those_o oar_n be_v handle_v with_o five_o man_n at_o one_o oar_n according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o our_o galley_n at_o this_o day_n but_o to_o leave_v this_o sea-sight_n and_o come_v to_o their_o manner_n of_o sea-sight_n we_o must_v understand_v that_o the_o roman_n want_v the_o use_n of_o artillery_n and_o manage_v their_o shaps_z of_o war_n with_o force_n of_o oar_n fail_v not_o to_o make_v use_n of_o their_o art_n in_o their_o conflict_n and_o encounter_n by_o sea_n for_o all_o their_o ship_n of_o service_n which_o we_o term_v man_n of_o war_n carried_z a_o strong_a beak-head_n of_o ââon_n which_o they_o call_v rostrum_fw-la with_o which_o they_o run_v one_o against_o another_o with_o as_o great_a violence_n and_o fury_n as_o their_o oar_n can_v carry_v they_o and_o herein_o art_n give_v great_a advantage_n for_o he_o that_o can_v best_o skill_n to_o turn_v his_o ship_n with_o great_a celerity_n and_o so_o frustrate_a a_o offer_n or_o with_o speedy_a and_o strong_a agitation_n follow_v a_o advantage_n common_o get_v the_o victory_n in_o the_o battle_n which_o d._n brutus_n have_v with_o the_o massilian_n civili_fw-la we_o read_v that_o two_o triremes_n charge_v the_o admiral_n wherein_o brutus_n be_v one_o at_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o other_o at_o the_o other_o brutus_z and_o his_o mariner_n so_o cunning_o handle_v the_o matter_n that_o when_o they_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o hurt_n they_o speedy_o in_o a_o trice_n of_o time_n wound_v themselves_o from_o between_o they_o and_o the_o two_o triremes_n meet_v with_o such_o a_o career_n one_o against_o another_o that_o one_o break_v her_o beak-head_n and_o the_o other_o split_v with_o the_o blow_n for_o this_o skill_n and_o fortune_n withal_o euphranor_n the_o rhodian_a be_v of_o great_a fame_n in_o caesar_n time_n although_o his_o end_n find_v too_o true_a the_o say_n of_o the_o historian_n that_o who_o fortune_n honour_v with_o many_o good_a hap_n she_o oftentimes_o reserve_v to_o a_o hard_a destiny_n as_o other_o seaman_n beside_o euphranor_n can_v true_o witness_v this_o first_o brunt_n be_v end_v when_o they_o come_v to_o grapple_v and_o bord_v one_o of_o another_o than_o the_o art_n and_o practice_n of_o their_o land_n service_n come_v in_o use_n for_o they_o erect_v turret_n upon_o their_o deck_n and_o from_o they_o they_o seek_v with_o engine_n and_o casting-weapon_n as_o sling_n arrow_n and_o pile_n and_o when_o they_o enter_v they_o fight_v with_o sword_n and_o target_n neither_o do_v the_o legionary_a soldier_n find_v any_o difference_n when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o
point_n between_o their_o fight_n at_o sea_n and_o that_o at_o land_n save_v that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v martial_v in_o troop_n and_o band_n in_o regard_n whereof_o the_o sea-service_n be_v count_v more_o base_a and_o dishonourable_a and_o the_o rather_o inasmuch_o as_o it_o decide_v the_o controversy_n by_o sling_n and_o casting-weapon_n which_o kind_n of_o fight_n be_v of_o less_o honour_n than_o buckle_v at_o handy-blowe_n chap._n vii_o the_o battle_n continue_v and_o caesar_n overcome_v the_o roman_n have_v take_v one_o town_n after_o another_o caesar_n the_o enemy_n still_o convey_v themselves_o to_o the_o next_o so_o that_o caesar_n deem_v it_o but_o lose_a labour_n whilst_o he_o can_v neither_o hinder_v their_o escape_n nor_o do_v they_o any_o mischief_n resolve_v to_o wait_v the_o come_n of_o his_o navy_n which_o be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v but_o the_o enemy_n descry_v it_o present_o make_v out_o 220_o sail_n of_o ship_n wel-appointed_n and_o furnish_v in_o all_o respect_n to_o oppose_v they_o neither_o do_v brutus_n the_o admiral_n nor_o any_o tribune_n or_o centurion_n in_o his_o navy_n know_v what_o to_o do_v or_o what_o course_n of_o fight_n to_o take_v for_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o the_o beak-head_n of_o their_o quinqueremes_n can_v perform_v no_o service_n upon_o they_o and_o although_o they_o shall_v raise_v turret_n according_a to_o their_o use_n yet_o these_o will_v not_o equal_v in_o height_n the_o poup_n of_o the_o enemy_n ship_v so_o that_o therein_o also_o the_o gall_n have_v advantage_n for_o as_o the_o roman_n can_v not_o much_o annoy_v they_o with_o their_o weapon_n in_o regard_n they_o lie_v so_o low_a under_o they_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a their_o dart_n must_v needs_o fall_v with_o great_a advantage_n upon_o the_o roman_n yet_o one_o thing_n there_o be_v among_o their_o provision_n which_o stand_v they_o in_o great_a stead_n for_o the_o roman_n have_v provide_v great_a sharp_a hook_n or_o sickle_n which_o they_o put_v upon_o great_a and_o long_a pole_n these_o they_o fasten_v to_o the_o tackle_n which_o hold_v the_o main-yard_n to_o the_o mast_n and_o then_o hale_v away_o their_o ship_n with_o force_n of_o oar_n they_o cut_v the_o say_v tackle_v and_o the_o main-yard_n fall_v down_o whereby_o the_o gall_n who_o only_a hope_n for_o their_o navy_n consist_v in_o the_o sail_n and_o tackle_n lose_v at_o one_o instant_a both_o their_o sail_n and_o the_o use_n of_o their_o ship_n and_o then_o the_o controversy_n fall_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o valour_n wherein_o the_o roman_n exceed_v the_o gall_n and_o the_o rather_o inasmuch_o as_o they_o fight_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o caesar_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n no_o valiant_a act_n can_v be_v smother_v in_o secret_a for_o all_o the_o hill_n and_o cliff_n which_o afford_v near_o prospect_n into_o the_o sea_n be_v cover_v with_o the_o roman_a army_n their_o main-yard_n be_v cut_v down_o and_o the_o roman_n though_o every_o ship_n of_o they_o have_v two_o or_o three_o of_o the_o enemy_n about_o it_o endeavour_v with_o great_a fury_n to_o board_n they_o fail_v not_o to_o take_v many_o of_o their_o ship_n which_o the_o gall_n perceive_v and_o find_v no_o remedy_n nor_o hope_n of_o resistance_n begin_v all_o to_o fly_v and_o turn_v their_o ship_n to_o a_o fore-wind_n be_v upon_o a_o sudden_a so_o becalm_v that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o make_v no_o way_n at_o all_o which_o fall_v out_o very_o fit_o for_o the_o roman_n who_o now_o fight_v ship_n to_o ship_n easy_o take_v they_o insomuch_o that_o of_o so_o great_a a_o navy_n very_o few_o through_o the_o help_n of_o the_o evening_n escape_v to_o land_n after_o they_o have_v fight_v the_o space_n of_o eight_o hour_n with_o which_o battle_n end_v the_o war_n with_o the_o veneti_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o maritime_a nation_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n both_o young_a and_o old_a in_o who_o there_o be_v either_o courage_n counsel_n or_o dignity_n be_v present_a at_o this_o battle_n and_o all_o the_o ship_n they_o can_v possible_o make_v be_v here_o engage_v take_v and_o lose_v so_o that_o such_o as_o remain_v know_v not_o whither_o to_o go_v nor_o how_o to_o defend_v their_o town_n any_o long_o and_o therefore_o yield_v themselves_o to_o caesar_n towards_o who_o he_o use_v the_o great_a severity_n that_o he_o may_v thereby_o teach_v all_o other_o barbarous_a people_n not_o to_o violate_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n by_o injury_a ambassador_n for_o he_o slay_v all_o the_o senate_n with_o the_o sword_n and_o sell_v the_o people_n for_o bondslave_n the_o observation_n in_o this_o battle_n i_o chief_o observe_v the_o good_a fortune_n which_o usual_o attend_v upon_o industry_n industry_n for_o among_o other_o provision_n which_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v furnish_v out_o to_o the_o use_n of_o this_o war_n they_o have_v make_v ready_a these_o hook_n not_o for_o this_o intent_n wherein_o they_o be_v employ_v but_o at_o all_o occasion_n and_o chance_n that_o may_v happen_v as_o serviceable_a compliment_n rather_o than_o principal_a instrument_n and_o yet_o it_o so_o fall_v out_o that_o they_o prove_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o overthrow_v the_o gall_n which_o prove_v true_a the_o say_n of_o caesar_n that_o industry_n command_v fortune_n and_o buy_v good_a success_n with_o extraordinary_a labour_n for_o industry_n in_o action_n be_v as_o importunity_n in_o speech_n which_o force_v a_o assent_n beyond_o the_o strength_n of_o reason_n and_o strive_v through_o continual_a pursuit_n to_o make_v good_a the_o motive_n by_o often_o inculcation_n and_o at_o length_n find_v that_o disposition_n which_o will_v easy_o admit_v whatsoever_o be_v require_v in_o like_a manner_n diligence_n and_o laboursome_a industry_n by_o circumspect_a and_o heedful_a carriage_n seldom_o fail_v either_o by_o hap_n or_o cunning_a to_o make_v good_a that_o part_n whereon_o the_o main_a point_n of_o the_o matter_n depend_v for_o every_o action_n be_v entangle_v with_o many_o infinite_a adherent_n which_o be_v so_o interest_v in_o the_o matter_n that_o it_o succee_v according_a as_o it_o be_v carry_v answerable_a to_o their_o nature_n of_o these_o adherent_n some_o of_o they_o be_v by_o wisdom_n foresee_v and_o direct_v to_o that_o course_n which_o may_v fortunate_a the_o action_n the_o rest_n be_v unknown_a continue_v without_o either_o direction_n or_o prevention_n and_o be_v all_o under_o the_o regiment_n of_o fortune_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v beyond_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o wise_a reach_n and_o in_o the_o way_n either_o to_o assist_v or_o disadvantage_n of_o these_o industry_n have_v great_a authority_n inasmuch_o as_o she_o arm_v herself_o for_o all_o chance_n whereby_o she_o be_v say_v to_o command_v fortune_n chap._n viii_o sabinus_n overthrow_v the_o vnelli_n perchâ_n with_o the_o manner_n thereof_o while_o these_o thing_n happen_v in_o the_o state_n of_o vannes_n caesar_n l._n titurius_n sabinus_n enter_v with_o his_o force_n into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o unelli_n over_o these_o viridovix_n rule_v who_o be_v at_o present_a make_v commander_n in_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o revolt_a city_n which_o furnish_v he_o with_o a_o great_a &_o potent_a army_n beside_o this_o the_o roan_n aulerci_n eureux_fw-fr eburonice_n and_o lexovii_n have_v slay_v their_o senate_n because_o they_o will_v not_o countenance_v the_o war_n shut_v their_o gate_n and_o join_v with_o viridovix_n also_o there_o come_v great_a multitude_n to_o they_o out_o of_o gallia_n man_n of_o break_a fortune_n thief_n and_o robber_n who_o the_o hope_n of_o prey_n and_o spoil_n have_v make_v to_o prefer_v the_o war_n before_o husbandry_n and_o day-labour_n sabinus_n encamp_v himself_o in_o a_o convenient_a place_n keep_v his_o soldier_n within_o the_o rampire_n but_o viridovix_n be_v lodge_v within_o less_o than_o two_o mile_n of_o sabinus_n his_o camp_n bring_v out_o his_o force_n daily_o and_o put_v they_o in_o battle_n give_v he_o opportunity_n to_o fight_v if_o he_o will_v which_o sabinus_n refuse_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o he_o begin_v not_o only_o to_o be_v suspect_v by_o the_o enemy_n of_o cowardice_n but_o to_o be_v taunt_v with_o the_o reproachful_a speech_n of_o his_o own_o soldier_n the_o opinion_n of_o his_o be_v fearful_a thus_o settle_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o use_v all_o mean_n to_o increase_v it_o and_o carry_v it_o so_o well_o that_o the_o enemy_n dare_v approach_v the_o very_a rampire_n of_o the_o camp_n the_o colour_n that_o he_o pretend_v be_v that_o he_o think_v it_o not_o the_o part_n of_o a_o legate_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o general_n to_o sight_n with_o a_o enemy_n of_o that_o strength_n but_o upon_o some_o good_a opportunity_n or_o in_o a_o place_n of_o advantage_n in_o this_o general_a persuasion_n of_o fear_n sabinus_n choose_v out_o a_o subtle-witted_a gall_n a_o auxiliarie_n
work_n that_o they_o be_v of_o high_a esteem_n among_o the_o roman_n who_o daily_a experience_n and_o exigent_n of_o hazard_n have_v teach_v to_o ãâ¦ã_z the_o ready_a mean_n both_o for_o security_n and_o victory_n and_o if_o our_o soldier_n can_v be_v bring_v to_o ãâã_d the_o commodity_n of_o these_o work_n either_o by_o persuasion_n or_o impulsion_n it_o be_v the_o best_a part_n of_o their_o warlike_a practice_n but_o our_o man_n have_v ãâã_d upon_o desperate_a adventure_n and_o seek_v victory_n in_o the_o jaw_n of_o death_n then_o to_o clear_v all_o hazard_n with_o pain_n and_o diligence_n chap._n xii_o caesar_n undertake_v the_o war_n with_o the_o menapii_n and_o morini_n at_o the_o same_o time_n also_o caesar_n although_o the_o summer_n be_v almost_o at_o a_o end_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o all_o gallia_n be_v in_o peace_n and_o the_o throne_n morini_n only_o with_o the_o ãâã_d menapii_n stand_v out_o in_o arm_n and_o have_v never_o either_o send_v ambassador_n or_o otherwise_o treat_v of_o peace_n caesar_n think_v that_o war_n may_v quick_o be_v end_v lead_v his_o army_n into_o their_o country_n at_o his_o come_n he_o find_v they_o to_o carry_v their_o war_n far_o otherwise_o then_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o gall_n have_v do_v for_o understanding_n that_o the_o great_a nation_n of_o gallia_n which_o have_v wage_v battle_n with_o the_o roman_n be_v beat_v and_o overthrow_v and_o have_v whole_a continent_n of_o wood_n and_o bog_n in_o their_o territory_n they_o convey_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o good_n into_o those_o quarter_n caesar_n come_v to_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o wood_n begin_v to_o fortify_v his_o camp_n not_o discover_v any_o enemy_n near_o about_o he_o but_o as_o his_o man_n be_v disperse_v in_o their_o charge_n they_o sudden_o sally_v out_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o assault_v the_o roman_n but_o be_v speedy_o drive_v in_o again_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o of_o they_o as_o the_o roman_n follow_v they_o far_o into_o the_o wood_n they_o have_v some_o few_o of_o their_o man_n slay_v the_o time_n that_o remain_v caesar_n resolve_v to_o spend_v in_o cut_v down_o the_o wood_n and_o lest_o the_o soldier_n may_v be_v take_v unaware_o while_o they_o be_v busy_v in_o that_o work_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o place_v all_o the_o tree_n which_o they_o cut_v down_o on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o army_n that_o they_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o defence_n against_o sudden_a assault_n a_o great_a quantity_n of_o ground_n be_v thus_o rid_v within_o a_o few_o day_n so_o that_o their_o good_n and_o cattle_n be_v taâen_v by_o the_o roman_n but_o they_o themselves_o be_v flee_v into_o thick_a wood_n at_o which_o time_n there_o happen_v such_o a_o continual_a rain_n as_o force_v they_o to_o leave_v off_o the_o work_n and_o the_o soldier_n can_v no_o long_o endure_v to_o lie_v in_o scent_n of_o skin_n and_o therefore_o caesar_n after_o he_o have_v waste_v and_o spoil_v their_o country_n burn_v their_o town_n and_o their_o house_n carry_v back_o 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tenchtheri_n be_v drive_v to_o seek_v new_a seat_n in_o gallia_n they_o drive_v the_o menapii_n out_o of_o their_o territory_n but_o in_o the_o end_n be_v overthrow_v by_o caesar_n that_o war_n be_v end_v he_o make_v a_o bridge_n upon_o the_o rhine_n and_o carry_v his_o army_n over_o into_o germany_n he_o take_v revenge_n upon_o the_o sicambri_n and_o give_v liberty_n to_o the_o ubii_n return_v into_o gallia_n and_o carry_v his_o army_n over_o into_o brittany_n with_o the_o occurrence_n of_o that_o war_n chap._n i._n the_o vsipetes_n zutphen_n and_o tenchtheri_n hassia_n bring_v great_a multitude_n of_o people_n over_o the_o rhine_n into_o gallia_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o suevi_n the_o winter_n follow_v caesar_n pompey_z and_o crassus_n be_v consul_n the_o usipetes_n and_o tenchtheri_n two_o german_a nation_n pass_v over_o the_o
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convenient_a time_n he_o hoist_a sail_n a_o little_a after_o midnight_n and_o bring_v all_o his_o ship_n safe_a unto_o the_o continent_n two_o of_o these_o ship_n of_o burden_n not_o be_v able_a to_o reach_v the_o same_o haven_n put_v in_o somewhat_o low_a into_o the_o land_n the_o soldier_n that_o be_v in_o they_o which_o be_v about_o three_o hundred_o be_v set_v on_o shore_n and_o march_v towards_o their_o camp_n the_o morini_n with_o who_o caesar_n at_o his_o go_v into_o brittany_n have_v make_v peace_n in_o hope_n of_o a_o booty_n first_o with_o a_o few_o of_o their_o man_n stand_v about_o they_o command_v they_o upon_o pain_n of_o death_n to_o lay_v down_o their_o weapon_n and_o as_o the_o roman_n by_o cast_v themselves_o into_o a_o orb_n begin_v to_o make_v defence_n at_o the_o noise_n and_o clamour_n among_o they_o there_o be_v sudden_o gather_v together_o about_o six_o thousand_o of_o the_o enemy_n which_o thing_n be_v know_v caesar_n send_v out_o all_o the_o horseman_n to_o relieve_v they_o in_o the_o meantime_n the_o roman_n sustain_v the_o force_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v valiant_o about_o the_o space_n of_o four_o hour_n and_o receive_v themselves_o only_o some_o few_o wound_n they_o slay_v many_o of_o the_o enemy_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o roman_a horseman_n come_v in_o sight_n the_o enemy_n cast_v away_o their_o weapon_n and_o flee_v and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o fall_v by_o the_o horseman_n observation_n of_o all_o the_o figure_n which_o the_o tactici_fw-la have_v choose_v to_o make_v use_n of_o in_o military_a affair_n the_o circle_n have_v ever_o be_v take_v for_o the_o fit_a to_o be_v apply_v in_o the_o defensive_a part_n as_o enclose_v with_o a_o equal_a circuit_n on_o all_o part_n whatsoever_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o circumference_n of_o that_o area_n and_o therefore_o geometry_n term_v a_o circumference_n a_o simple_a line_n forasmuch_o as_o if_o you_o alter_v the_o site_n of_o the_o part_n and_o transport_v one_o arch_n into_o the_o place_n of_o another_o the_o figure_n notwithstanding_o will_v remain_v the_o same_o because_o of_o the_o equal_a bend_n of_o the_o line_n throughout_o the_o whole_a circumference_n which_o property_n as_o it_o prove_v a_o uniformity_n of_o strength_n in_o the_o whole_a circuit_n so_o that_o it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o this_o be_v the_o beginning_n or_o this_o be_v the_o end_n this_o be_v front_n or_o this_o be_v flank_n so_o do_v that_o which_o euclid_n do_v demonstrate_v in_o the_o three_o of_o his_o element_n concern_v the_o small_a affinity_n between_o a_o right_a line_n and_o a_o circle_n which_o be_v draw_v to_o touch_v the_o circumference_n do_v touch_v it_o but_o in_o a_o point_n only_o show_v the_o greatness_n of_o this_o strength_n in_o regard_n of_o any_o other_o line_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v break_v which_o howsoever_o they_o seem_v as_o speculative_a quality_n conceive_v rather_o by_o intellectual_a discourse_n then_o manifest_v to_o sensible_a apprehension_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o experience_n have_v prove_v the_o strength_n of_o this_o figure_n in_o a_o defensive_a part_n above_o any_o other_o manner_n of_o imbattel_v let_v we_o not_o neglect_v the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o natural_a property_n which_o discover_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o effect_n neither_o let_v we_o neglect_v this_o part_n of_o military_a knowledge_n be_v so_o strong_a a_o mean_n to_o maintain_v valour_n and_o the_o sinew_n of_o all_o our_o ability_n for_o order_v correspondent_a to_o circumstance_n be_v the_o whole_a strength_n and_o power_n of_o a_o army_n neither_o aught_o there_o any_o action_n in_o a_o wel-ordered_n discipline_n to_o be_v irregular_a or_o void_a of_o order_n and_o therefore_o the_o roman_n do_v neither_o eat_v nor_o sleep_v without_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o consul_n or_o chief_a commander_n otherwise_o their_o valour_n may_v rather_o have_v be_v term_v fury_n then_o virtue_n but_o when_o their_o courage_n be_v range_v with_o order_n and_o dispose_v according_a to_o the_o occurrence_n of_o the_o time_n it_o never_o fail_v as_o long_o as_o the_o say_a order_n continue_v perfect_a it_o appear_v therefore_o how_o important_a it_o be_v for_o a_o commander_n to_o look_v into_o the_o diversity_n of_o order_n for_o imbattel_v and_o to_o weigh_v the_o nature_n thereof_o that_o he_o may_v with_o knowledge_n apply_v they_o to_o the_o quality_n of_o any_o occasion_n the_o roman_n term_v this_o figure_n orbis_n which_o signify_v a_o round_a body_n both_o with_o a_o concave_n and_o a_o convex_a surface_n in_o resemblance_n whereof_o i_o understand_v this_o orb_n of_o man_n imbattel_v to_o be_v so_o name_v which_o may_v peradventure_o consist_v of_o five_o or_o more_o or_o few_o rank_n enclose_v one_o another_o after_o the_o nature_n of_o so_o many_o circle_n describe_v about_o one_o centre_n so_o that_o either_o the_o midst_n thereof_o remain_v void_a or_o otherwise_o contain_v such_o carriage_n and_o impediment_n as_o they_o have_v with_o they_o in_o their_o march_n this_o form_n of_o imbattel_v be_v never_o use_v but_o in_o great_a extremity_n for_o as_o it_o be_v the_o safe_a of_o all_o other_o so_o it_o give_v suspicion_n to_o the_o soldier_n of_o exceed_a danger_n which_o abate_v much_o of_o their_o heat_n in_o battle_n as_o will_n hereafter_o appear_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o caesar_n himself_o in_o the_o five_o commentary_n upon_o the_o occasion_n which_o happen_v unto_o sabinus_n and_o cotta_n chap._n xiiii_o the_o next_o day_n caesar_n send_v titus_n labienus_n a_o legate_n caesar_n with_o those_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o brittany_n against_o the_o revolt_a morini_n who_o have_v no_o place_n of_o refuge_n because_o their_o bog_n and_o fen_n be_v dry_v up_o where_o they_o have_v shelter_v themselves_o the_o year_n before_o they_o all_o fall_v under_o the_o power_n of_o his_o mercy_n q._n titurius_n and_o a._n cotta_n the_o legate_n who_o have_v lead_v the_o legion_n against_o the_o menapii_n after_o they_o have_v waste_v their_o field_n cut_v up_o their_o corn_n burn_v their_o house_n for_o the_o menapii_n be_v all_o hide_v in_o thick_a wood_n return_v to_o caesar_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o end_v caesar_n place_v the_o winter_v camp_n of_o all_o his_o legion_n among_o the_o belgae_n to_o which_o place_n two_o only_a of_o all_o the_o city_n in_o brittany_n send_v hostage_n unto_o he_o the_o rest_n neglect_v it_o these_o war_n be_v thus_o end_v upon_o the_o relation_n of_o caesar_n letter_n the_o senate_n decree_v a_o supplication_n for_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o day_n observation_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o commentary_n we_o read_v of_o a_o supplication_n grant_v by_o the_o senate_n for_o fifteen_o day_n which_o be_v never_o grant_v to_o any_o man_n before_o that_o time_n since_o the_o first_o building_n of_o the_o city_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o this_o four_o year_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n it_o be_v augment_v from_o fifteen_o unto_o twenty_o day_n i_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o refer_v the_o handle_n thereof_o unto_o this_o place_n we_o be_v therefore_o to_o understand_v that_o whensoever_o a_o roman_a general_n have_v carry_v himself_o well_o in_o the_o war_n by_o gain_v a_o victory_n or_o enlarge_n the_o bound_n of_o their_o empire_n that_o then_o the_o senate_n do_v decree_v a_o supplication_n to_o the_o god_n in_o the_o name_n of_o that_o captain_n and_o this_o dignity_n be_v much_o seek_v after_o not_o only_o because_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a honour_n that_o in_o their_o name_n the_o temple_n of_o their_o god_n shall_v be_v open_v and_o their_o victory_n acknowledge_v with_o the_o concourse_n and_o gratulation_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n but_o also_o because_o a_o supplication_n be_v common_o the_o forerunner_n of_o a_o triumph_n which_o be_v the_o great_a honour_n in_o the_o roman_a
government_n cicero_n and_o therefore_o cato_n name_v it_o the_o prerogative_n of_o a_o triumph_n and_o livy_n in_o his_o 26_o book_n say_v that_o it_o be_v long_o dispute_v on_o in_o the_o senate_n how_o they_o can_v deny_v one_o that_o be_v there_o present_a to_o triumph_v who_o absence_n they_o have_v honour_v with_o supplication_n and_o thanksgiving_n to_o the_o god_n for_o thing_n happy_o effect_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o ceremony_n be_v that_o after_o the_o magistrate_n have_v public_o proclaim_v it_o with_o this_o form_n or_o stile_n quod_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o feliciter_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la administrasset_fw-la that_o he_o have_v happy_o and_o successful_o administer_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o common-weal_n the_o roman_a people_n clothe_v in_o white_a garment_n and_o crown_v with_o garland_n go_v to_o all_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o god_n and_o there_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o gratulate_v the_o victory_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o general_n in_o which_o time_n they_o be_v forbid_v all_o other_o business_n but_o that_o which_o pertain_v to_o this_o solemnity_n it_o seem_v that_o this_o time_n of_o supplication_n be_v at_o first_o include_v within_o one_o or_o two_o day_n at_o the_o most_o as_o appear_v by_o livy_n in_o his_o three_o book_n where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o victory_n gain_v by_o two_o several_a battle_n be_v spiteful_o shut_v up_o by_o the_o senate_n in_o one_o day_n supplication_n the_o people_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n keep_v the_o next_o day_n holy_a and_o celebrate_v it_o with_o great_a devotion_n than_o the_o former_a upon_o the_o victory_n which_o camillus_n have_v against_o the_o veii_n there_o be_v grant_v four_o day_n of_o supplication_n to_o which_o there_o be_v afterward_o a_o day_n add_v which_o be_v the_o usual_a time_n of_o supplication_n unto_o the_o time_n that_o pompey_n end_v the_o war_n which_o they_o call_v mithridaticum_n when_o the_o usual_a time_n of_o five_o day_n be_v double_v and_o make_v ten_o and_o in_o the_o second_o of_o these_o commentary_n make_v fifteen_o and_o now_o bring_v to_o twenty_o day_n which_o set_v forth_o the_o incitement_n and_o reward_n of_o well_o do_v which_o the_o roman_n propound_v both_o at_o home_n &_o abroad_o to_o such_o as_o endeavour_v to_o enlarge_v their_o empire_n or_o manage_v a_o charge_n to_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o commonwealth_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o four_o commentary_n the_o five_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n caesar_n cause_v a_o great_a navy_n to_o be_v build_v in_o gallia_n he_o carry_v five_o legion_n into_o brittany_n where_o he_o make_v war_n with_o the_o britan_n on_o both_o side_n the_o river_n thames_n at_o his_o return_n into_o gallia_n most_o of_o the_o gall_n revolt_n and_o first_o the_o eburones_n under_o the_o conduction_n of_o ambiorix_n set_v upon_o the_o camp_n of_o q._n titurius_n the_o legate_n who_o they_o circumvent_v by_o subtlety_n and_o then_o besiege_v the_o camp_n of_o cicero_n but_o be_v put_v by_o and_o their_o army_n overthrow_v by_o caesar_n chap._n i._n caesar_n return_v into_o gallia_n find_v there_o great_a store_n of_o ship_v make_v by_o the_o soldier_n and_o command_v it_o to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o haven_n itius_n lucius_n domitius_n and_o appius_n claudius_n be_v consul_n caesar_n at_o his_o go_v into_o italy_n from_o his_o winter-quarter_n which_o he_o yearly_o do_v give_v order_n to_o the_o legate_n to_o build_v as_o many_o ship_n that_o winter_n as_o possible_o they_o can_v &_o to_o repair_v the_o old_a command_v they_o to_o be_v build_v of_o a_o low_a pitch_n than_o those_o which_o be_v use_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n for_o the_o speedy_a lade_n and_o unlade_v of_o they_o and_o because_o the_o tide_n in_o these_o sea_n be_v very_o great_a and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v to_o transport_v great_a store_n of_o horse_n he_o command_v they_o to_o be_v make_v flatter_v in_o the_o bottom_n than_o such_o as_o be_v usual_a in_o other_o place_n and_o all_o of_o they_o to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o use_n of_o oar_n to_o which_o purpose_n their_o low_a building_n serve_v very_o convenient_o other_o necessary_n and_o furniture_n for_o rig_v he_o give_v order_n to_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o spain_n caesar_n after_o a_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n in_o lombardy_n go_v present_o into_o illyricum_n where_o he_o hear_v that_o the_o pirustae_n infest_a the_o province_n by_o their_o incursion_n assoon_o as_o he_o come_v thither_o he_o levy_v soldier_n and_o appoint_v they_o a_o rendezvous_n which_o the_o pirustae_n hear_v of_o they_o send_v ambassador_n present_o to_o he_o excuse_v the_o business_n as_o not_o do_v by_o public_a consent_n and_o express_v a_o readiness_n to_o make_v any_o satisfaction_n that_o shall_v be_v demand_v caesar_n have_v hear_v their_o message_n appoint_v they_o to_o give_v hostage_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o by_o such_o a_o day_n or_o else_o they_o must_v expect_v notb_v but_o war_n and_o ruin_n to_o their_o city_n hostage_n be_v bring_v by_o the_o appoint_a time_n whereupon_o caesar_n depute_v certain_a to_o arbitrate_v difference_n between_o the_o city_n and_o to_o punish_v as_o they_o see_v cause_n for_o it_o these_o thing_n be_v over_o he_o return_v forthwith_o into_o lombardy_n and_o thence_o to_o his_o army_n in_o gallia_n the_o observation_n this_o itius_n portus_n floide_v think_v to_o be_v calais_n other_o take_v it_o to_o be_v saint_n omer_n partly_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n which_o be_v in_o itself_o very_o low_o have_v notwithstanding_o very_o high_a bank_n which_o encompass_v the_o town_n about_o and_o in_o time_n past_a be_v a_o very_a large_a haven_n to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v the_o distance_n from_o this_o town_n to_o the_o next_o continent_n of_o the_o island_n of_o brittany_n which_o strabo_n make_v to_o contain_v 320._o stadia_fw-la which_o agree_v to_o the_o french_a computation_n of_o 13._o league_n caesar_n make_v it_o thirty_o mile_n this_o be_v the_o haven_n which_o pliny_n call_v britannicum_fw-la portum_fw-la morinorum_n chap._n ii_o caesar_n prevent_v new_a motion_n among_o the_o treviri_n and_o go_v to_o his_o navy_n dumnorix_n refuse_v to_o accompany_v he_o into_o britain_n his_o flight_n and_o death_n caesar_n leave_v soldier_n enough_o to_o do_v that_o business_n himself_o march_v with_o four_o legion_n and_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o treviri_n in_o regard_n they_o neither_o come_v to_o the_o assembly_n of_o state_n nor_o be_v obedient_a to_o his_o command_n and_o be_v far_o report_v to_o solicit_v the_o german_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n to_o new_a commotion_n this_o city_n be_v the_o most_o powerful_a of_o all_o gallia_n for_o matter_n of_o horse_n have_v likewise_o a_o great_a force_n of_o foot_n and_o lie_v so_o convenient_o upon_o the_o rhine_n for_o assistance_n wherein_o there_o be_v at_o thâs_n time_n a_o contention_n betwixt_o induciomarus_n and_o cingetorix_n who_o shall_v be_v chief_a ruler_n cingetorix_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o hear_v of_o the_o come_n of_o caesar_n with_o his_o army_n come_v in_o to_o he_o assure_v he_o of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o his_o party_n and_o their_o constancy_n to_o the_o friendship_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n discover_v withal_o unto_o he_o the_o present_a proceed_n among_o the_o treviri_n on_o the_o contrary_a induciomarus_n gather_v together_o what_o horse_n and_o foot_n he_o can_v resolve_v upon_o nothing_o else_o then_o war_n secure_v all_o the_o old_a and_o young_a folk_n not_o fit_a to_o bear_v arm_n in_o the_o wood_n arduenna_n which_o be_v a_o very_a large_a wood_n begin_v at_o the_o rhine_n and_o run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o treviri_n to_o the_o border_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rheims_n while_o thing_n be_v thus_o prepare_v divers_a of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o city_n some_o through_o the_o favour_n they_o bear_v to_o cingetorix_n other_o affright_v at_o the_o come_n of_o our_o army_n come_v forth_o to_o caesar_n and_o since_o they_o can_v not_o do_v it_o for_o the_o whole_a city_n they_o endeavour_v to_o make_v every_o man_n his_o own_o peace_n induciomarus_n see_v this_o and_o fear_v to_o be_v leave_v at_o last_o alone_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n excuse_v what_o he_o have_v do_v in_o not_o come_v to_o he_o which_o he_o saâd_v be_v do_v only_o to_o keep_v the_o city_n the_o better_a in_o obedience_n for_o if_o all_o the_o nobility_n shall_v have_v leave_v it_o the_o common_a people_n will_v have_v be_v apt_a to_o have_v make_v new_a trouble_n that_o the_o city_n be_v now_o at_o his_o command_n and_o if_o caesar_n will_v give_v leave_n he_o be_v ready_a to_o wait_v upon_o he_o in_o his_o camp_n and_o to_o lay_v the_o life_n and_o fortune_n of_o himself_o and_o the_o whole_a city_n at_o his_o foot_n caesar_n albeit_o he_o well_o know_v
why_o all_o this_o be_v speak_v as_o also_o what_o have_v put_v he_o beside_o his_o former_a resolution_n yet_o rather_o than_o spend_v the_o summer_n in_o those_o part_n have_v all_o thing_n in_o readiness_n for_o his_o british_a war_n he_o command_v induciomarus_n to_o come_v to_o he_o and_o bring_v two_o hundred_o hostage_n with_o he_o induciomarus_n do_v as_o caesar_n command_v and_o withal_o bring_v along_o with_o he_o his_o son_n and_o all_o that_o have_v any_o near_a relation_n unto_o he_o who_o caesar_n bid_v be_v of_o good_a cheer_n and_o exhort_v to_o continue_v firm_a in_o his_o duty_n and_o fidelity_n after_o this_o call_n to_o he_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o treviri_n man_n by_o man_n he_o reconcile_v they_o to_o cingetorix_n as_o well_o look_v at_o the_o desert_n of_o the_o man_n himself_o as_o at_o his_o own_o interest_n and_o advantage_n to_o have_v such_o a_o man_n bear_v the_o chief_a sway_n in_o his_o city_n who_o have_v express_v so_o notable_a affection_n and_o goodwill_n towards_o he_o in_o this_o business_n it_o trouble_v induciomarus_n not_o a_o little_a to_o find_v his_o respect_n and_o authority_n thus_o impair_v insomuch_o that_o he_o who_o before_o be_v no_o friend_n to_o we_o be_v vex_v at_o this_o become_v a_o bitter_a enemy_n thing_n thus_o settle_v here_o caesar_n come_v with_o his_o legion_n back_o to_o the_o port_n call_v itius_n where_o he_o understand_v that_o forty_o ship_n which_o be_v build_v among_o the_o meldae_n be_v hinder_v by_o tempest_n that_o they_o can_v not_o keep_v their_o course_n but_o be_v force_v back_o from_o whence_o they_o come_v the_o rest_n be_v well_o provide_v and_o ready_a to_o set_v sail_n hither_o also_o be_v gather_v all_o the_o cavalry_n in_o france_n to_o the_o number_n of_o four_o thousand_o and_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o every_o city_n some_o few_o of_o which_o who_o fidelity_n caesar_n have_v have_v experience_n of_o he_o intend_v to_o leave_v at_o home_n and_o to_o take_v the_o rest_n along_o with_o he_o for_o hostage_n lest_o in_o his_o absense_n they_o shall_v begin_v any_o new_a stir_n in_o gallia_n among_o the_o rest_n be_v dumnorix_n the_o heduan_n former_o mention_v he_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n caesar_n intend_v to_o take_v with_o he_o know_v he_o to_o be_v a_o man_n desirous_a of_o change_n greedy_a of_o rule_n a_o man_n of_o courage_n and_o resolution_n and_o one_o of_o great_a authority_n among_o the_o gall_n beside_o this_o dumnorix_n have_v give_v out_o at_o a_o meeting_n of_o the_o hedui_n that_o caesar_n have_v confer_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n which_o much_o trouble_v the_o hedui_n yet_o they_o dare_v not_o send_v any_o man_n to_o caesar_n to_o hinder_v or_o revoke_v it_o this_o caesar_n come_v to_o hear_v of_o when_o he_o see_v he_o must_v go_v with_o the_o rest_n first_o he_o beseech_v with_o all_o the_o intreatye_n he_o can_v that_o he_o may_v stay_v in_o gallia_n allege_v one_o while_n that_o he_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o sea_n have_v as_o yet_o never_o be_v use_v to_o sail_v another_o while_n that_o he_o have_v some_o religious_a account_n that_o keep_v he_o here_o when_o he_o perceive_v this_o will_v not_o serve_v his_o turn_n but_o go_v he_o must_v he_o begin_v to_o deal_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o gall_n take_v they_o man_n by_o man_n &_o persuade_v they_o to_o continue_v in_o their_o own_o country_n tell_v they_o that_o it_o be_v not_o without_o ground_n caesar_n go_v about_o to_o despoil_v gallia_n thus_o of_o its_o nobility_n his_o drift_n be_v to_o carry_v they_o over_o into_o britain_n and_o there_o murder_v they_o who_o he_o be_v afraid_a to_o put_v to_o death_n among_o their_o friend_n at_o home_n he_o go_v far_o to_o engage_v they_o to_o fidelity_n and_o to_o tie_v they_o by_o oath_n to_o proceed_v upon_o joint_a consultation_n to_o the_o act_n of_o what_o shall_v be_v think_v of_o most_o concernment_n and_o behoof_n for_o the_o good_a of_o gallia_n these_o thing_n be_v by_o divers_a person_n relate_v to_o caesar_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o know_v thereof_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a respect_n he_o bear_v to_o the_o heduan_n state_n he_o resolve_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a to_o curb_v and_o deter_v dumnorix_n from_o those_o course_n &_o in_o regard_n that_o he_o see_v he_o thus_o to_o increase_v in_o his_o madness_n he_o think_v it_o seasonable_a to_o prevent_v his_o endamage_v either_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o himself_o so_o stay_v in_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v about_o twenty_o five_o day_n the_o northwest_n wind_n a_o wind_n that_o usual_o blow_v in_o those_o part_n all_o that_o while_o hinder_v his_o put_n to_o sea_n he_o make_v it_o much_o of_o his_o business_n to_o keep_v dumnorix_n quiet_a and_o yet_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o spy_v out_o the_o whole_a drift_n of_o his_o design_n at_o last_o the_o wind_n and_o weather_n serve_v he_o command_v his_o soldier_n and_o horseman_n on_o shipboard_n and_o whilst_o every_o man_n mind_n be_v take_v up_o about_o this_o dumnorix_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o heduan_n horseman_n unknown_a to_o caesar_n have_v leave_v the_o camp_n and_o be_v march_v homeward_o which_o when_o caesar_n hear_v he_o stop_v his_o voyage_n and_o let_v every_o thing_n else_o alone_o send_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o cavalry_n to_o attach_v he_o and_o bring_v he_o back_o with_o command_n that_o if_o he_o stand_v upon_o his_o defence_n and_o do_v not_o ready_o obey_v they_o shall_v dispatch_v he_o for_o he_o can_v not_o believe_v that_o this_o man_n can_v mean_v any_o good_a to_o he_o if_o he_o once_o get_v home_o since_o he_o make_v so_o light_a of_o his_o command_n when_o present_a with_o he_o the_o horse_n have_v overtake_v he_o he_o stand_v upon_o his_o guard_n and_o make_v resistance_n implore_v also_o the_o aid_n of_o those_o that_o be_v with_o he_o still_o cry_v out_o that_o he_o be_v a_o freeborn_a man_n and_o of_o a_o free_a city_n whereupon_o they_o as_o they_o be_v command_v hem_v he_o in_o and_o so_o kill_v he_o the_o heduan_n horseman_n return_v every_o man_n to_o caesar_n chap._n iii_o caesar_n sail_v into_o britain_n land_v his_o force_n and_o seek_v the_o enemy_n caesar_n have_v prepare_v all_o thing_n in_o readiness_n caesar_n he_o leave_v labienus_n in_o the_o continent_n with_o three_o legion_n and_o two_o thousand_o horse_n both_o to_o keep_v the_o haven_n and_o make_v provision_n of_o corn_n and_o also_o to_o observe_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o to_o do_v according_a as_o he_o see_v time_n and_o occasion_n and_o with_o five_o legion_n and_o the_o like_a number_n of_o horse_n as_o he_o leave_v in_o the_o continent_n about_o sunset_n he_o put_v out_o to_o sea_n with_o a_o soft_a southwind_n which_o continue_v until_o midnight_n &_o then_o cease_v he_o be_v carry_v with_o the_o tide_n until_o the_o morning_n when_o he_o perceive_v that_o the_o island_n lie_v on_o his_o left_a hand_n and_o again_o as_o the_o tide_n change_v he_o labour_v by_o row_v to_o reach_v that_o part_n of_o the_o island_n where_o he_o have_v find_v good_a land_v the_o year_n before_o wherein_o the_o soldier_n deserve_v great_a commendation_n for_o by_o strength_n and_o force_n of_o oar_n they_o make_v their_o great_a ship_n of_o burden_n to_o keep_v way_n with_o the_o galley_n about_o high_a noon_n they_o arrive_v in_o brittany_n with_o all_o their_o ship_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o enemy_n see_v in_o that_o place_n but_o as_o afterward_o caesar_n understand_v by_o the_o captive_n the_o britan_n have_v be_v there_o with_o a_o great_a power_n but_o be_v terrify_v with_o the_o infinite_a number_n of_o ship_v which_o they_o discover_v from_o the_o shore_n for_o with_o the_o ship_n of_o provision_n and_o private_a vessel_n which_o several_a person_n have_v for_o their_o own_o convenience_n there_o be_v in_o all_o above_o either_o hundred_o they_o forsake_v the_o shore_n and_o hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o upland_n country_n caesar_n have_v land_v his_o man_n and_o choose_v a_o convenient_a place_n to_o incamp_v assoon_o as_o he_o understand_v by_o the_o captive_n where_o the_o enemy_n lie_v in_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n he_o march_v towards_o they_o leave_v ten_o cohort_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n under_o quintus_fw-la atrius_n for_o a_o garrison_n to_o his_o ship_n which_o he_o the_o less_o fear_v because_o it_o lay_v at_o anchor_n in_o a_o soft_a and_o open_a shore_n he_o march_v that_o night_n about_o twelve_o mile_n before_o he_o find_v the_o enemy_n the_o britan_n send_v out_o their_o horse_n and_o chariot_n to_o a_o river_n that_o run_v between_o they_o and_o the_o roman_n and_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o upper_a ground_n begin_v to_o hinder_v
up_o for_o a_o show_n with_o a_o single_a row_n of_o turf_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v appear_v to_o be_v make_v up_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v break_v open_a some_o of_o they_o begin_v to_o break_v down_o the_o rampire_n with_o their_o hand_n and_o other_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n which_o caesar_n perceive_v sally_v out_o at_o all_o the_o port_n at_o once_o and_o send_v out_o the_o cavalry_n put_v the_o enemy_n so_o sudden_o to_o flight_n that_o not_o one_o of_o they_o resist_v by_o way_n of_o fight_v insomuch_o as_o he_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o and_o put_v they_o all_o beside_o their_o arms._n but_o because_o he_o fear_v to_o follow_v they_o far_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o bog_n that_o lay_v in_o their_o passage_n be_v unwilling_a to_o hazard_v himself_o upon_o the_o least_o occasion_n of_o danger_n he_o return_v with_o all_o his_o force_n in_o safety_n and_o the_o selfsame_a day_n come_v to_o cicero_n where_o he_o admire_v the_o tower_n the_o mantlet_n and_o work_n which_o be_v begin_v and_o prepare_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o draw_v out_o the_o legion_n he_o find_v that_o the_o ten_o man_n have_v not_o escape_v without_o wound_n by_o all_o which_o circumstance_n he_o understand_v with_o what_o danger_n and_o valour_n the_o business_n have_v be_v carry_v he_o commend_v cicero_n and_o the_o legion_n according_a to_o their_o merit_n call_v out_o by_o name_n such_o centurion_n and_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n as_o by_o testimony_n of_o cicero_n be_v find_v to_o have_v deserve_v extraordinary_o in_o that_o service_n inform_v himself_o by_o the_o captive_n of_o the_o certainty_n of_o sabinus_n &_o cotta_n misfortune_n the_o next_o day_n he_o speak_v public_o to_o the_o soldier_n open_v the_o particular_n of_o that_o matter_n and_o then_o season_v they_o with_o comfort_n and_o encouragement_n show_v that_o the_o loss_n which_o happen_v through_o the_o fault_n and_o temerity_n of_o a_o legate_n be_v to_o be_v bear_v with_o better_a patience_n and_o the_o rather_o forasmuch_o as_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o immortal_a god_n and_o by_o their_o own_o virtue_n the_o loss_n be_v redeem_v in_o such_o a_o fashion_n as_o neither_o the_o enemy_n do_v long_o joy_v it_o nor_o themselves_o be_v long_o afflict_v with_o grief_n for_o the_o same_o observation_n the_o passage_n in_o this_o chapter_n be_v of_o great_a variety_n and_o do_v give_v occasion_n of_o much_o discourse_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o remarkable_a be_v that_o to_o exceed_v in_o force_n and_o troop_n of_o man_n may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o bring_v a_o party_n to_o a_o overthrow_n for_o a_o extraordinary_a power_n do_v always_o beget_v a_o opinion_n sort_v to_o their_o own_o desire_n and_o can_v hardly_o think_v of_o any_o other_o end_n than_o that_o which_o sâââth_v with_o security_n and_o victorious_a success_n which_o be_v cross_v in_o any_o material_a circumstance_n and_o put_v beside_o the_o course_n of_o their_o intendment_n whereby_o they_o fail_v of_o what_o they_o expect_v do_v consequent_o draw_v all_o the_o other_o way_n and_o change_v hope_n into_o mishap_n as_o it_o fare_v here_o with_o the_o gall_n upon_o caesar_n sudden_a sally_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n chap._n xxii_o the_o commotion_n of_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n induciomarus_n attempt_v great_a matter_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o country_n quiet_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o report_n of_o caesar_n victory_n be_v carry_v to_o labienus_n with_o incredible_a speed_n caesar_n through_o the_o country_n of_o those_o of_o rheims_n insomuch_o as_o be_v fifty_o mile_n distant_a from_o that_o place_n where_o cicero_n winter_v and_o that_o the_o overthrow_n be_v give_v about_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n there_o be_v a_o shout_n at_o the_o camp-gate_n before_o midnight_n whereby_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n congratulate_v labienus_n for_o that_o victory_n the_o fame_n whereof_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o treviri_n induciomarus_n that_o purpose_v the_o next_o day_n to_o besiege_v labienus_n flee_v in_o the_o night_n time_n and_o carry_v all_o his_o force_n back_o to_o the_o treviri_n caesar_n remand_v fabius_n with_o his_o legion_n into_o their_o winter_n station_n he_o himself_o with_o three_o legion_n determine_v to_o winter_n about_o samarobrina_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o there_o be_v such_o commotion_n throughout_o all_o gallia_n himself_o resolve_v to_o abide_v with_o the_o army_n all_o the_o winter_n for_o upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o sabinus_n almost_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n do_v enter_v into_o a_o consultation_n of_o war_n send_v messenger_n and_o ambassador_n into_o all_o part_n to_o make_v overture_n for_o future_a resolution_n and_o to_o understand_v in_o what_o place_n the_o war_n may_v best_o be_v set_v on_o foot_n hold_v their_o conventicle_n by_o night_n in_o secret_a and_o desert_a place_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o there_o pass_v not_o a_o day_n during_o all_o that_o winter_n which_o bring_v not_o some_o new_a care_n or_o trouble_v to_o caesar_n whilst_o he_o be_v daily_o advertise_v of_o new_a meeting_n and_o conspiracy_n among_o the_o gall_n among_o other_o he_o have_v intelligence_n from_o l_o roscius_n the_o leg_n eat_v who_o he_o have_v set_v over_o the_o thirteen_o legion_n that_o great_a force_n of_o those_o state_n and_o city_n of_o the_o gall_n that_o be_v call_v armoricae_n be_v assemble_v together_o to_o fight_v against_o he_o brittany_n and_o be_v come_v within_o eight_o mile_n of_o his_o camp_n but_o understand_v of_o caesar_n victory_n they_o fall_v back_o in_o such_o a_o fashion_n as_o though_o they_o mean_v to_o fly_v away_o but_o caesar_n have_v call_v unto_o he_o the_o prince_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o every_o state_n terrify_v some_o as_o seem_v to_o understand_v their_o complotment_n and_o persuade_v other_o keep_v a_o great_a part_n of_o gallia_n in_o obedience_n howbeit_o the_o senones_n a_o strong_a people_n and_o of_o great_a authority_n among_o the_o gall_n go_v about_o by_o a_o public_a decree_n to_o kill_v cavarinus_n who_o caesar_n have_v set_v to_o be_v king_n over_o they_o who_o brother_n moritasgus_fw-la at_o caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n and_o who_o ancestor_n former_o be_v possess_v of_o that_o kingdom_n which_o he_o perceive_v flee_v away_o and_o be_v prosecute_v to_o the_o very_a border_n and_o so_o drive_v as_o well_o out_o of_o his_o private_a house_n as_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o have_v send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o satisfy_v he_o herein_o whereas_o he_o command_v the_o whole_a senate_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o they_o refuse_v to_o obey_v his_o warrant_n so_o much_o it_o prevail_v among_o barbarous_a people_n that_o there_o be_v some_o find_v that_o dare_v avouch_v the_o undertake_n of_o a_o war_n which_o make_v such_o a_o alteration_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n that_o beside_o the_o hedâi_n and_o the_o state_n of_o rheims_n who_o caesar_n have_v in_o great_a favour_n and_o respect_n the_o one_o for_o their_o ancient_a and_o perpetual_a fidelity_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o other_o for_o their_o late_a service_n in_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n there_o be_v almost_o no_o state_n free_a from_o suspicion_n insomuch_o as_o i_o know_v not_o well_o whether_o it_o may_v not_o be_v wonder_v at_o or_o no_o as_o well_o for_o many_o other_o reason_n as_o special_o for_o that_o they_o great_o grieve_v that_o they_o who_o excel_v all_o other_o nation_n in_o deed_n of_o arm_n have_v now_o lose_v their_o reputation_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v force_v to_o bear_v the_o yoke_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n the_o treviri_n and_o induciomarus_n lose_v no_o time_n of_o all_o that_o winter_n but_o send_v commissioner_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n solicit_v the_o city_n and_o promise_a money_n with_o confident_a aslurance_n that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o army_n be_v already_o cut_v off_o and_o that_o which_o be_v leave_v be_v but_o a_o small_a remainder_n of_o the_o same_o and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o no_o people_n of_o the_o german_n can_v be_v persuade_v to_o pass_v the_o rhine_n for_o have_v twice_o make_v trial_n to_o their_o cost_n in_o the_o war_n of_o ariovistus_n and_o in_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o *_o franckfort_n tenchtheri_n they_o will_v tempt_v fortune_n no_o further_o induciomarus_n cast_v down_o from_o his_o hope_n do_v notwithstanding_o train_n and_o gather_v force_n get_v horse_n from_o the_o border_a state_n and_o with_o great_a reward_n draw_v unto_o he_o banish_v and_o condemn_v man_n from_o all_o part_n of_o gallia_n and_o do_v thereby_o get_v such_o a_o opinion_n throughout_o all_o that_o continent_n that_o ambassador_n come_v flock_v unto_o he_o from_o all_o quarter_n and_o seek_v his_o favour_n both_o in_o publâck_n and_o private_a when_o he_o understand_v that_o man_n make_v
to_o he_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n and_o that_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o senones_n and_o carnutes_n be_v instigate_v with_o a_o remembrance_n of_o their_o offence_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o nervii_n and_o aduatici_n make_v provision_n of_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o want_v voluntary_a force_n if_o he_o do_v but_o once_o go_v out_o of_o his_o confine_n he_o give_v order_n to_o call_v a_o council_n of_o arm_n which_o according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v always_o the_o beginning_n of_o a_o war_n be_v such_o as_o constrain_v all_o the_o man_n that_o be_v of_o year_n by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o assemble_v together_o in_o arm_n and_o he_o that_o come_v last_o be_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n put_v to_o death_n with_o exquisite_a torture_n in_o that_o council_n he_o take_v order_n to_o proclaim_v cingetorix_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o other_o faction_n and_o his_o son_n in_o law_n who_o as_o we_o have_v before_o declare_v have_v follow_v caesar_n and_o not_o leave_v he_o in_o any_o of_o those_o service_n a_o traitor_n to_o the_o state_n and_o that_o his_o good_n shall_v be_v confiscate_v that_o be_v do_v he_o publish_v in_o the_o council_n that_o he_o be_v send_v for_o by_o the_o senones_n and_o the_o carnutes_n and_o many_o other_o state_n of_o gallia_n whether_o he_o mean_v to_o go_v through_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o rheims_n and_o that_o he_o will_v harry_v and_o waste_v their_o country_n but_o first_o his_o purpose_n be_v to_o take_v the_o camp_n of_o labienus_n and_o according_o give_v order_v what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v labienus_n be_v in_o a_o camp_n exceed_o fortify_v as_o well_o by_o nature_n as_o by_o art_n do_v not_o fear_v any_o danger_n that_o may_v happen_v to_o himself_o or_o the_o legion_n but_o rather_o study_v not_o to_o let_v pass_v any_o occasion_n to_o carry_v the_o matter_n handsome_o and_o to_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o be_v advertise_v by_o cingetorix_n and_o his_o ally_n what_o speech_n induciomarus_n have_v deliver_v in_o the_o council_n he_o send_v messenger_n to_o all_o the_o confine_a city_n and_o command_v horseman_n to_o be_v send_v unto_o he_o by_o a_o certain_a day_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n induciomarus_n ride_v up_o and_o down_o almost_o every_o day_n with_o all_o his_o cavalry_n under_o his_o camp_n sometime_o to_o view_v the_o site_n thereof_o otherwhile_o to_o parley_v or_o else_o to_o terrify_v the_o soldier_n and_o his_o horseman_n for_o the_o most_o part_n will_v cast_v their_o weapon_n within_o the_o rampire_n labienus_n keep_v all_o his_o man_n within_o the_o fortification_n and_o do_v what_o he_o can_v to_o make_v the_o enemy_n believe_v that_o he_o be_v sore_o afraid_a and_o as_o induciomarus_n come_v daily_o with_o great_a contempt_n to_o the_o camp_n one_o night_n have_v take_v in_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o border_a city_n which_o he_o have_v former_o send_v for_o he_o keep_v all_o his_o party_n by_o good_a guard_n within_o his_o camp_n with_o such_o diligence_n that_o their_o reception_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v bruit_v abroad_o or_o carry_v to_o the_o treviri_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n induciomarus_n according_a to_o his_o wont_a custom_n approach_v near_o the_o camp_n and_o there_o spend_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o day_n the_o horseman_n cast_v their_o weapon_n and_o with_o word_n of_o high_a reproach_n call_v out_o our_o man_n to_o fight_v without_o any_o word_n give_v in_o answer_n by_o they_o and_o a_o little_a before_o the_o evening_n as_o they_o disperse_v themselves_o and_o depart_v upon_o a_o sudden_a labienus_n let_v out_o all_o the_o cavalry_n at_o two_o port_n command_v they_o that_o after_o the_o enemy_n be_v put_v to_o slight_v which_o he_o see_v will_v necessary_o happen_v that_o every_o one_o shall_v make_v after_o induciomarus_n and_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v so_o much_o as_o wound_v any_o other_o enemy_n before_o they_o see_v he_o slay_v be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o give_v he_o time_n to_o escape_v while_o the_o soldier_n be_v engage_v with_o the_o rest_n and_o propound_v great_a reward_n to_o they_o that_o slay_v he_o he_o send_v out_o also_o several_a cohort_n to_o assist_v the_o horse_n fortune_fw-mi make_v good_a that_o direction_n for_o as_o all_o make_v after_o one_o induciomarus_fw-la be_v surprise_v in_o the_o ford_n of_o a_o river_n and_o slay_v and_o his_o head_n be_v bring_v back_o into_o the_o camp_n the_o horseman_n return_v slay_v as_o many_o of_o the_o rest_n as_o they_o can_v take_v this_o thing_n be_v know_v all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o eburones_n and_o nervii_n which_o be_v meet_v together_o depart_v home_o and_o after_o that_o time_n caesar_n have_v gallia_n better_a settle_v in_o quietness_n observation_n as_o the_o misfortune_n which_o befall_v sabinus_n and_o cotta_n put_v all_o gallia_n into_o trouble_n and_o commotion_n so_o the_o head_n of_o induciomarus_n reduce_v all_o into_o peace_n according_a as_o it_o be_v say_v of_o the_o spaniard_n that_o in_o some_o case_n one_o man_n be_v worth_a a_o thousand_o and_o thus_o end_v the_o five_o commentary_n the_o six_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n this_o summer_n commentary_n set_v forth_o the_o malice_n of_o a_o enemy_n that_o refuse_v open_a encounter_n but_o keep_v himself_o in_o the_o fastness_n of_o his_o hold_n force_v the_o adverse_a party_n either_o to_o leave_v he_o untouched_a or_o to_o seek_v he_o out_o upon_o disadvantage_n together_o with_o such_o casualty_n annex_v to_o the_o matter_n as_o the_o power_n of_o fortune_n do_v common_o intermingle_v with_o such_o occurrence_n as_o also_o the_o manner_n and_o fashion_n of_o life_n then_o in_o use_n among_o the_o german_n and_o gall_n chap._n i._n caesar_n fear_v a_o great_a commotion_n in_o gallia_n muster_v more_o force_n caesar_z for_o many_o reason_n expect_v great_a trouble_n in_o gallia_n caesar_n appoint_v m._n silanus_n c._n antistius_n reginus_n and_o t._n sextius_n legate_n in_o his_o army_n to_o make_v a_o new_a choice_n and_o muster_v up_o more_o soldier_n and_o withal_o he_o entreat_v cneius_n pompeius_n proconsul_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o continue_v at_o the_o city_n about_o public_a business_n that_o he_o will_v recall_v to_o their_o ensign_n and_o send_v unto_o he_o such_o soldier_n as_o be_v before_o discharge_v of_o the_o consul_n oath_n for_o he_o think_v it_o very_o material_a for_o the_o future_a time_n to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o gall_n when_o they_o shall_v see_v italy_n so_o mighty_a that_o if_o they_o have_v receive_v any_o loss_n by_o the_o casualtye_n of_o war_n they_o can_v not_o only_o in_o a_o short_a time_n make_v a_o supply_n thereof_o but_o augment_v their_o army_n with_o great_a force_n which_o when_o pompey_n have_v grant_v both_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o caesar_n friendship_n the_o choice_n be_v speedy_o by_o his_o minister_n perform_v before_o the_o winter_n be_v end_v three_o legion_n be_v enrol_v and_o bring_v unto_o he_o whereby_o the_o number_n of_o cohort_n be_v double_v which_o be_v lose_v with_o q._n titurius_n and_o withal_o he_o make_v experience_n both_o by_o the_o speed_n and_o by_o the_o force_n what_o the_o wealth_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n can_v do_v the_o first_o observation_n notwithstanding_o any_o former_a purpose_n i_o will_v begin_v this_o commentary_n with_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o choice_n which_o the_o roman_n use_v when_o they_o muster_v soldier_n for_o a_o intend_a war_n and_o will_v lay_v it_o first_o down_n as_o the_o basis_n and_o groundsil_n of_o all_o military_a architecture_n and_o carry_v by_o they_o with_o such_o a_o ceremonious_a and_o grave_a respect_n as_o may_v best_o express_v the_o seriousness_n of_o the_o action_n and_o make_v the_o soldier_n understand_v what_o consequence_n the_o sequel_n import_v polybius_n who_o only_o remain_v of_o they_o that_o have_v write_v of_o the_o ancient_a fashion_n of_o the_o roman_a war_n among_o other_o part_n of_o their_o discipline_n have_v leave_v unto_o posterity_n a_o compendious_a relation_n of_o their_o muster_n and_o enrollment_n which_o with_o the_o help_n of_o other_o history_n may_v be_v thus_o understand_v upon_o the_o choice_n of_o their_o consul_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o every_o year_n polyb._n their_o custom_n be_v to_o enroll_v four_o legion_n 6._o two_o for_o either_o consul_n at_o which_o enrollment_n they_o first_o choose_v fourteen_o tribune_n out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o their_o gentleman_n who_o they_o call_v equites_fw-la these_o fourteen_o be_v such_o as_o have_v serve_v five_o year_n in_o the_o war_n whereby_o they_o become_v eligible_a of_o that_o dignity_n and_o again_o they_o choose_v ten_o other_o tribune_n out_o of_o the_o commonalty_n be_v such_o as_o
to_o the_o extraordinary_a labour_n of_o his_o soldier_n reward_v fore_o whereas_o they_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o their_o wintering-camp_n before_o winter_n be_v end_v and_o be_v carry_v unreasonable_o upon_o a_o service_n he_o reward_v they_o with_o the_o booty_n and_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n contrary_a to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o the_o roman_a warfare_n which_o reserve_v either_o all_o or_o the_o most_o part_n thereof_o for_o the_o public_a treasury_n and_o leave_v the_o soldier_n to_o his_o stipendiary_a entertainment_n which_o be_v a_o point_n very_o observable_a in_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o war_n wherein_o be_v require_v as_o well_o eminent_a and_o extraordinary_a attempt_n as_o common_a and_o usual_a duty_n and_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o wise_a commander_n be_v think_v worthy_a their_o answerable_a reward_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o gergovia_n as_o it_o follow_v in_o the_o seven_o commentary_n l._n fabius_n a_o centurion_n tell_v his_o companion_n that_o the_o booty_n and_o pillage_n which_o he_o have_v get_v at_o the_o take_n of_o avaricum_n will_v not_o suffer_v any_o man_n to_o get_v up_o upon_o the_o wall_n before_o himself_o and_o so_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o honourable_a attempt_n be_v honourable_o reward_v do_v as_o seed_v sow_v in_o good_a ground_n multiply_v the_o increase_n of_o like_a virtuous_a action_n and_o this_o be_v one_o principal_a mean_n which_o he_o use_v to_o give_v courage_n and_o valour_n to_o his_o soldier_n as_o when_o he_o go_v to_o get_v spain_n from_o pompey_n and_o that_o faction_n bell_n he_o borrow_a money_n of_o the_o tribune_n &_o centurion_n &_o give_v it_o in_o largess_n to_o the_o soldier_n whereby_o he_o gain_v as_o he_o say_v two_o advantage_n quod_fw-la pignore_fw-la animos_fw-la centurionum_fw-la devinxit_fw-la &_o largitione_n redemit_fw-la militum_fw-la voluntates_fw-la for_o he_o engage_v the_o centurion_n to_o he_o whilst_o he_o have_v this_o pledge_n from_o they_o and_o by_o his_o largesse_n purchase_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o soldier_n chap._n iii_o caesar_n summon_v a_o general_a council_n and_o carry_v his_o army_n against_o the_o senones_n a_o general_n councillor_n meet_v of_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n be_v summon_v caesar_n according_a to_o his_o first_o resolution_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n whereas_o all_o the_o rest_n save_v the_o senones_n carnutes_n and_o treviri_n make_v their_o appearance_n he_o conceive_v of_o it_o as_o the_o begin_n of_o war_n and_o defection_n and_o thereupon_o set_v all_o other_o thing_n aside_o he_o transfer_v the_o council_n to_o the_o city_n of_o paris_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o senones_n which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o father_n have_v unite_v their_o state_n unto_o they_o but_o be_v hold_v clear_a of_o this_o confederacy_n this_o thing_n be_v publish_v from_o the_o tribunal_n the_o same_o day_n he_o carry_v the_o legion_n against_o the_o senones_n and_o by_o great_a journey_n come_v into_o their_o country_n his_o come_v be_v know_v acco_n the_o chief_a author_n of_o that_o rebellion_n command_v the_o multitude_n to_o go_v into_o city_n and_o town_n of_o defence_n but_o as_o they_o endeavour_v before_o it_o can_v be_v accomplish_v news_n be_v bring_v that_o the_o roman_n be_v already_o come_v whereby_o they_o necessary_o leave_v off_o their_o purpose_n and_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o entreat_v for_o favour_n they_o use_v the_o mediation_n of_o the_o hedui_n who_o state_n have_v of_o old_a time_n be_v in_o faith_n and_o league_n with_o the_o roman_n caesar_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o hedui_n do_v willing_o afford_v they_o pardon_v and_o accept_v their_o excuse_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o judge_v the_o summer_n time_n fit_a to_o be_v spend_v in_o the_o war_n which_o be_v come_v on_o he_o rather_o than_o in_o matter_n of_o question_n and_o judgement_n and_o have_v command_v a_o hundred_o pledge_n he_o deliver_v they_o to_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o hedui_n the_o carnutes_n likewise_o send_v messenger_n and_o pledge_n and_o by_o the_o entreaty_n of_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n who_o client_n they_o be_v receive_v the_o same_o answer_n caesar_n end_v the_o council_n and_o command_v horseman_n to_o be_v send_v he_o from_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n the_o first_o observation_n it_o shall_v not_o seem_v impertinent_a to_o the_o reader_n that_o i_o take_v occasion_n here_o to_o say_v somewhat_o touch_v the_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o this_o parliament_n or_o councell-generall_a parliament_n wherein_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n or_o at_o the_o least_o such_o as_o do_v acknowledge_v the_o roman_a sovereignty_n present_v their_o fealty_n and_o be_v mutual_a witness_n of_o each_o other_o allegiance_n concern_v which_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o as_o all_o natural_a body_n have_v a_o transitory_a be_v depend_v upon_o motion_n and_o function_n of_o part_n so_o special_o state_n and_o commonweal_n as_o sympathize_v with_o natural_a cause_n have_v no_o certain_a continuance_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o be_v but_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o alteration_n of_o time_n and_o fortune_n and_o do_v pass_v the_o age_n of_o a_o natural_a life_n from_o infancy_n grow_v to_o better_a strength_n until_o it_o come_v to_o the_o best_a perfection_n which_o year_n can_v afford_v it_o and_o then_o decay_v again_o by_o like_a degree_n even_o to_o the_o period_n and_o death_n of_o that_o policy_n for_o remedy_v whereof_o and_o for_o the_o prevention_n of_o any_o weaken_a disease_n which_o may_v infect_v either_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o body_n or_o so_o possess_v any_o part_n thereof_o as_o it_o may_v thereby_o prove_v either_o dangerous_a or_o unprofitable_a among_o other_o help_n these_o counsel_n and_o meeting_n have_v be_v think_v necessary_a wherein_o every_o particular_a state_n and_o city_n have_v some_o of_o their_o society_n present_a as_o well_o to_o open_v their_o grievance_n if_o any_o be_v and_o to_o seek_v ease_n and_o relief_n by_o way_n of_o treaty_n and_o dispute_n as_o also_o to_o receive_v such_o direction_n and_o mandate_n as_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o prince_n shall_v think_v meet_a for_o their_o government_n for_o as_o this_o common_a council_n or_o general_a assembly_n may_v well_o be_v term_v the_o pulse_n of_o a_o politic_a body_n whereby_o the_o true_a state_n and_o temperature_n thereof_o be_v discern_v so_o be_v it_o also_o as_o a_o treaty_n or_o parley_n and_o a_o renew_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o peace_n between_o the_o head_n and_o the_o member_n where_o sovereignty_n and_o obedience_n be_v mutual_o propound_v do_v concur_v in_o the_o establish_n of_o true_a and_o perfect_a government_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o the_o politician_n of_o late_a time_n do_v in_o their_o write_n call_v the_o reduce_n of_o a_o common-weal_n to_o the_o first_o beginning_n for_o the_o noisome_a and_o superfluous_a humour_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v purge_v and_o abate_v the_o body_n of_o the_o public_a weal_n be_v refine_v into_o such_o true_a and_o natural_a element_n and_o settle_v in_o that_o disposition_n of_o health_n as_o may_v give_v great_a hope_n of_o long_a continuance_n beside_o this_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o these_o assembly_n there_o be_v many_o necessary_a business_n conclude_v and_o many_o thing_n agree_v unto_o serve_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o war_n against_o party_n and_o faction_n as_o namely_o the_o leviâs_n and_o supply_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n grant_v by_o this_o council_n as_o a_o subsidy_n which_o in_o the_o roman_a army_n receive_v stipend_n and_o pay_v by_o the_o name_n of_o auxiliary_a or_o associate_v force_n whereof_o we_o read_v in_o many_o place_n of_o these_o commentary_n and_o particular_o in_o this_o book_n but_o the_o roman_n use_v special_o the_o service_n of_o their_o horseman_n as_o the_o flower_n of_o their_o strength_n and_o far_o exceed_v their_o foot_n company_n in_o execution_n of_o arm_n and_o use_n of_o war_n wherein_o the_o gall_n have_v ever_o challenge_v a_o preeminence_n before_o other_o their_o neighbour_n nation_n and_o have_v continue_v the_o same_o reputation_n even_o unto_o this_o time_n footman_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o nimble_a and_o quick_a motion_n of_o their_o spirit_n which_o be_v better_o suit_v with_o the_o swift_a and_o speedy_a execution_n of_o horse_n then_o with_o any_o readiness_n which_o their_o own_o strength_n can_v afford_v they_o or_o what_o other_o cause_n it_o have_v i_o know_v not_o but_o this_o i_o be_o sure_a of_o that_o as_o the_o world_n take_v notice_n of_o their_o hot_a fantasy_n so_o will_v the_o french_a be_v reckon_v the_o best_a horseman_n of_o any_o other_o nation_n the_o last_o say_n which_o i_o observe_v concern_v this_o council_n be_v the_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v summon_v which_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o spring_n rather_o than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o
may_v through_o want_n of_o victual_n be_v draw_v to_o fight_v upon_o hard_a condition_n he_o give_v order_n also_o that_o they_o shall_v every_o day_n send_v out_o discoverer_n to_o the_o suevi_n to_o understand_v what_o they_o do_v the_o ubii_n do_v as_o they_o be_v command_v and_o after_o a_o few_o day_n bring_v word_n that_o all_o the_o suevi_n have_v receive_v certain_a news_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n have_v retire_v themselves_o and_o all_o their_o force_n to_o their_o utmost_a confine_n where_o there_o be_v a_o wood_n of_o a_o infinite_a greatness_n call_v bacenis_fw-la which_o serve_v as_o a_o native_a wall_n or_o defence_n to_o keep_v the_o chirusci_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o suevi_n and_o the_o suevi_n from_o the_o injury_n and_o spoil_n of_o the_o chirusci_n that_o at_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o wood_n the_o suevi_n do_v expect_v the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n observation_n i_o will_v hold_v my_o former_a purpose_n not_o to_o deliver_v any_o thing_n concern_v bridge_n bridges_n whereof_o there_o be_v so_o many_o treatise_n already_o extant_a neither_o will_v i_o go_v about_o to_o describe_v the_o substantial_a building_n or_o ingenious_a workmanship_n of_o this_o bridge_n here_o mention_v which_o may_v well_o beseem_v caesar_n and_o his_o army_n for_o as_o he_o only_o can_v or_o at_o the_o least_o do_v put_v in_o practice_n the_o make_v thereof_o so_o will_v i_o leave_v the_o description_n to_o himself_o as_o best_o suit_v with_o his_o eloquence_n 5._o but_o forasmuch_o as_o brancatio_n a_o italian_a writer_n take_v occasion_n from_o hence_o to_o run_v into_o ignorance_n and_o error_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o set_v a_o mark_n upon_o this_o place_n lest_z other_o not_o know_v the_o ancient_a course_n shall_v run_v their_o bark_n upon_o the_o same_o shallows_n among_o other_o advertisement_n be_v but_o fourteen_o in_o all_o which_o he_o have_v give_v upon_o caesar_n commentary_n he_o note_v and_o commend_v the_o use_n of_o bridge_n make_v of_o boat_n which_o be_v common_o carry_v in_o a_o army-royall_a to_o that_o purpose_n before_o this_o or_o any_o other_o invention_n of_o former_a time_n special_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o easiness_n and_o expedition_n which_o may_v be_v use_v both_o in_o make_v such_o a_o bridge_n and_o take_v it_o up_o again_o for_o the_o boat_n be_v prepare_v ready_a as_o usual_o they_o be_v in_o camp-royal_n such_o a_o bridge_n may_v be_v make_v in_o a_o day_n which_o caesar_n can_v not_o do_v in_o ten_o but_o with_o great_a wonderment_n and_o admiration_n and_o therein_o i_o hold_v well_o with_o brancatio_n that_o for_o the_o speedy_a transportation_n of_o a_o army_n over_o a_o river_n there_o be_v no_o ready_a mean_n than_o a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n presuppose_v the_o boat_n to_o be_v first_o in_o a_o readiness_n but_o that_o which_o he_o conclude_v be_v time_n that_o man_n wit_n in_o these_o time_n be_v much_o sharp_a and_o ready_a than_o those_o of_o former_a age_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v find_v out_o a_o easy_a and_o expedite_a course_n which_o fome_a time_n can_v never_o reach_v unto_o wherein_o i_o will_v not_o go_v about_o to_o derogate_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o time_n in_o which_o we_o live_v and_o breath_n but_o do_v desire_n to_o find_v they_o better_o accomplish_v then_o any_o other_o forego_v age_n howsoever_o i_o may_v suspect_v a_o great_a weakness_n of_o wit_n in_o these_o day_n wherein_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o body_n be_v worse_o condition_v than_o it_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o our_o forefather_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o many_o argument_n &_o serve_v not_o so_o fit_o to_o the_o work_a power_n of_o the_o mind_n as_o it_o do_v before_o this_o multiplicity_n of_o mixture_n when_o the_o state_n of_o man_n body_n be_v compound_v of_o those_o perfect_a element_n which_o be_v in_o our_o first_o parent_n but_o for_o this_o reason_n which_o brancatio_n allege_v the_o reader_n may_v be_v please_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o use_n of_o boat-bridge_n be_v both_o know_v and_o in_o practice_n as_o well_o before_o the_o roman_a empire_n as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o government_n polyhymi_n herodotus_n relate_v the_o passage_n of_o xerxes_n army_n into_o greece_n herodot_n describe_v this_o bridge_n of_o boat_n which_o brancatio_n will_v attribute_v to_o the_o invention_n of_o our_o time_n in_o the_o self_n same_o manner_n or_o rather_o more_o artificial_o than_o have_v be_v accustom_v in_o these_o late_a age_n for_o find_v that_o no_o timber-work_n will_v serve_v the_o turn_n to_o make_v a_o sufficient_a bridge_n over_o the_o straits_n of_o hellespont_n be_v seven_o furlong_n in_o breadth_n he_o cause_v biremes_n and_o triremes_n to_o be_v place_v in_o equal_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o and_o fasten_v with_o anchour_n before_o and_o behind_o and_o to_o be_v join_v together_o with_o plank_n and_o board_n and_o then_o cover_v with_o sand_n and_o gravel_n raise_v a_o hedge_n or_o blind_v on_o each_o side_n thereof_o to_o the_o end_n the_o horse_n and_o cattle_n may_v not_o be_v afraid_a at_o the_o work_n of_o the_o billow_n and_o so_o make_v a_o bridge_n for_o the_o passage_n of_o his_o army_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n â_o tacitus_n describe_v the_o like_a bridge_n to_o be_v make_v over_o the_o river_n po_n by_o valens_n and_o cecina_n with_o as_o great_a skill_n as_o can_v be_v show_v at_o these_o time_n for_o say_v he_o they_o place_v boat_n a_o cross_a the_o river_n in_o equal_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o and_o join_v they_o together_o with_o strong_a plank_n and_o fasten_v they_o with_o anchour_n but_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o anchorarum_fw-la funes_fw-la non_fw-la extenti_fw-la fluitabant_fw-la ut_fw-la augescente_fw-la flumine_fw-la inoffensus_fw-la or_o do_v navium_fw-la attolieretur_fw-la the_o cable_n of_o the_o anchour_n float_v loose_a not_o be_v extend_v to_o their_o length_n that_o upon_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o river_n the_o ship_n may_v be_v lift_v up_o without_o any_o prejudice_n to_o they_o whereby_o it_o appear_v how_o much_o brancatio_n be_v deceive_v in_o ascribe_v that_o to_o these_o late_a time_n which_o be_v the_o invention_n of_o former_a age_n and_o may_v serve_v as_o a_o caveat_n to_o our_o out-languist_a humorist_n that_o can_v endure_v no_o read_n but_o that_o which_o sound_v with_o a_o strange_a idiom_n not_o to_o trust_v too_o much_o upon_o their_o author_n lest_o whilst_o they_o stiâle_v their_o memory_n with_o strange_a word_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n they_o starve_v their_o understanding_n chap._n vii_o the_o faction_n in_o gallia_n in_o caesar_n time_n but_o here_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o deliver_v somewhat_o touch_v the_o manner_n and_o fashion_n of_o life_n caesar_n both_o of_o the_o gall_n and_o of_o the_o german_n and_o wherein_o those_o two_o nation_n do_v differ_v in_o gallia_n not_o only_o in_o every_o city_n village_n and_o precinct_n but_o almost_o in_o every_o particular_a house_n there_o be_v party_n and_o faction_n the_o head_n whereof_o be_v such_o as_o they_o think_v to_o be_v of_o great_a authority_n according_a to_o who_o opinion_n and_o command_v the_o main_a course_n of_o their_o action_n be_v direct_v and_o this_o seem_v a_o custom_n institute_v of_o old_a time_n to_o the_o end_n that_o none_o of_o the_o common_a people_n how_o mean_a soever_o may_v at_o any_o time_n want_v mean_n to_o make_v their_o party_n good_a against_o a_o great_a man_n for_o if_o they_o shall_v suffer_v their_o party_n and_o follower_n to_o be_v either_o oppress_v or_o circumvent_v they_o shall_v never_o bear_v any_o rule_n or_o authority_n among_o they_o and_o this_o be_v the_o course_n throughout_o all_o gallia_n for_o all_o their_o state_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o faction_n when_o caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n the_o hedui_n be_v chief_a ringleader_n of_o the_o one_o party_n and_o the_o sequani_n of_o the_o other_o these_o find_v themselves_o to_o be_v the_o worker_n side_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o principality_n and_o chief_a power_n be_v ancient_o sâated_v in_o the_o hedui_n have_v many_o and_o great_a adherent_n and_o client_n draw_v the_o german_n and_o ariovistus_n by_o many_o great_a promise_n on_o their_o party_n and_o after_o many_o great_a victory_n all_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o hedui_n be_v slay_v they_o go_v so_o far_o beyond_o they_o in_o power_n and_o authority_n that_o they_o draw_v the_o great_a part_n of_o client_n from_o the_o hedui_n to_o themselves_o and_o take_v the_o child_n of_o their_o prince_n for_o pledge_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o take_v a_o public_a oath_n not_o to_o undertake_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o sequani_n beside_o a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o country_n which_o they_o take_v from_o they_o by_o force_n and_o so_o they_o obtain_v the_o principality_n of_o gallia_n
and_o the_o other_o violent_a and_o rash_a and_o yet_o both_o attain_v the_o like_a good_a fortune_n by_o two_o contrary_a course_n or_o otherwise_o as_o oftentimes_o it_o fall_v out_o the_o more_o heedless_a the_o more_o happy_a have_v be_v persuade_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v so_o govern_v by_o fortune_n that_o the_o wisdom_n of_o man_n can_v neither_o alter_v nor_o amend_v they_o and_o therefore_o to_o spend_v much_o time_n or_o tedious_a labour_n either_o in_o careful_a circumspection_n or_o heedful_a prevention_n of_o that_o which_o be_v unchangeable_a they_o hold_v as_o vain_a as_o the_o wash_n of_o a_o aethiopian_a to_o make_v he_o white_a of_o this_o opinion_n sylla_n seem_v to_o be_v sylla_n profess_v himself_o better_a bear_v to_o fortune_n then_o to_o the_o war_n and_o acknowledge_v his_o happy_a victory_n to_o have_v proceed_v from_o his_o most_o heedless_a and_o unadvised_a resolution_n and_o the_o great_a alexander_n so_o carry_v himself_o as_o though_o he_o have_v be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n of_o who_o curtius_n say_v quoties_fw-la illum_fw-la fortuna_fw-la à _fw-la morte_fw-la revocavit_fw-la quoties_fw-la temere_fw-la in_o pericula_fw-la vectum_fw-la perpetua_fw-la felicitate_a protexit_fw-la how_o many_o a_o time_n do_v fortune_n call_v he_o back_o from_o the_o brink_n of_o death_n how_o often_o do_v she_o happy_o defend_v and_o save_v he_o when_o he_o have_v by_o his_o rashness_n bring_v himself_o into_o danger_n alexander_n and_o plutarch_n say_v that_o he_o have_v power_n of_o time_n and_o place_n other_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o ascribe_v so_o much_o to_o fortune_n as_o to_o make_v themselves_o the_o tennis-ball_n to_o her_o racket_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v content_a to_o allow_v her_o half_a of_o every_o thing_n they_o go_v about_o reserve_v the_o other_o moiety_n to_o their_o own_o direction_n and_o so_o like_a partner_n in_o a_o adventure_n they_o labour_v to_o improve_v their_o share_n for_o their_o best_a advantage_n some_o other_o there_o be_v that_o will_v allow_v fortune_n no_o part_n at_o all_o in_o their_o action_n but_o do_v confront_v she_o with_o a_o goddess_n of_o great_a power_n and_o make_v industry_n the_o mean_n to_o annul_v her_o deity_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v timotheus_n the_o athenian_a sylla_n who_o have_v achieve_v many_o notable_a victory_n will_v not_o allow_v of_o the_o conceit_n of_o the_o painter_n that_o have_v make_v a_o table_n wherein_o fortune_n be_v take_v in_o those_o city_n which_o he_o have_v win_v with_o a_o net_n whilst_o he_o himself_o sleep_v but_o protest_v against_o she_o in_o that_o behalf_n and_o will_v not_o give_v she_o any_o part_n in_o that_o business_n and_o thus_o the_o heathen_a world_n vary_v as_o much_o in_o their_o opinion_n touch_v fortune_n as_o fortune_n herself_o do_v in_o her_o event_n to_o themward_n which_o be_v so_o divers_a and_o changeable_a as_o be_v able_a to_o ensnare_v the_o deep_a wit_n and_o confound_v the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o great_a judgement_n whereby_o the_o word_n fortune_n usurp_v a_o deity_n and_o get_v a_o opinion_n of_o extraordinary_a power_n in_o the_o regiment_n of_o humane_a action_n but_o our_o christian_a time_n have_v a_o ready_a lesson_n wherein_o be_v teach_v a_o sovereign_a providence_n guide_v and_o direct_v the_o thought_n of_o man_n heart_n with_o the_o faculty_n and_o power_n of_o the_o soul_n together_o with_o their_o external_a action_n to_o such_o end_n as_o shall_v seem_v best_a to_o that_o omnipotent_a wisdom_n to_o who_o all_o our_o ability_n serve_v as_o instrument_n and_o mean_n to_o effect_v his_o purpose_n notwithstanding_o our_o particular_a intendment_n or_o what_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n may_v otherwise_o determine_v and_o therefore_o such_o as_o will_v make_v their_o way_n prosperous_a unto_o themselves_o and_o receive_v that_o contentment_n which_o their_o hope_n expect_v or_o their_o labour_n will_v deserve_v must_v use_v those_o help_n which_o the_o rule_n of_o christianity_n do_v teach_v in_o that_o behalf_n and_o may_v better_o be_v learn_v from_o a_o divine_a then_o from_o he_o that_o write_v treatise_n of_o war._n the_o second_o observation_n quintus_fw-la curtius_n speak_v of_o alexander_n sai_z expedition_n nullam_fw-la virtutem_fw-la regis_fw-la istius_fw-la magis_fw-la quam_fw-la celeritatem_fw-la laudaverim_fw-la i_o can_v commend_v no_o virtue_n in_o this_o king_n before_o his_o speed_n &_o celerity_n whereof_o this_o may_v be_v a_o ground_n that_o he_o follow_v darius_n with_o such_o speed_n after_o the_o second_o battle_n he_o give_v he_o that_o in_o eleven_o day_n he_o march_v with_o his_o army_n six_o hundred_o mile_n which_o be_v a_o chase_n well_o fit_v alexander_n the_o great_a and_o may_v rest_v unexampled_a notwithstanding_o suetonius_n give_v this_o general_a report_n of_o caesar_n that_o in_o matter_n military_a aut_fw-la aequavit_fw-la praestantissimorum_fw-la gloriam_fw-la aut_fw-la excessit_fw-la he_o either_o equal_v or_o exceed_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o best_a and_o for_o this_o particular_a he_o say_v quod_fw-la persaepe_fw-la nuntius_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la praevenit_fw-la that_o he_o be_v very_o often_o the_o messenger_n of_o his_o own_o success_n and_o to_o speak_v true_o he_o seem_v to_o challenge_v to_o himself_o expedition_n and_o speed_n as_o his_o peculiar_a commendation_n ground_v himself_o upon_o the_o danger_n which_o linger_v and_o foreslow_v of_o time_n do_v usual_o bring_v to_o well_o advise_v resolution_n according_a to_o that_o of_o lucan_n the_o poet_n nocuit_fw-la semper_fw-la differre_fw-la paratis_fw-la delay_z do_v always_o hurt_v those_o that_o be_v ready_a for_o by_o this_o speedy_a execution_n of_o well-digested_a direction_n he_o gain_v two_o main_a advantage_n first_o the_o prevention_n of_o such_o help_n and_o mean_n as_o the_o enemy_n will_v otherwise_o have_v have_v to_o make_v the_o war_n dangerous_a and_o the_o event_n doubtful_a and_o second_o the_o confusion_n and_o fear_n which_o do_v consequent_o follow_v such_o main_a disappointment_n be_v the_o most_o dangerous_a accident_n that_o can_v happen_v to_o any_o party_n and_o the_o chief_a point_n to_o be_v endeavour_v to_o be_v cast_v upon_o a_o enemy_n by_o he_o that_o will_v make_v a_o easy_a conquest_n for_o proof_n whereof_o among_o many_o other_o example_n i_o will_v only_o allege_v his_o expedition_n to_o rome_n when_o he_o first_o come_v against_o pompey_n according_a to_o plutarch_n relation_n pompey_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n say_v he_o news_n come_v to_o rome_n that_o caesar_n have_v win_v ariminum_n a_o great_a city_n in_o italy_n and_o that_o he_o come_v direct_o to_o rome_n with_o a_o great_a power_n which_o be_v not_o true_a for_o he_o come_v but_o with_o 3000._o horse_n and_o 5000._o foot_n and_o will_v not_o tarry_v for_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o alps_n in_o gallia_n but_o make_v haste_n rather_o to_o surprise_v his_o enemy_n upon_o the_o sudden_a be_v afraid_a and_o in_o garboil_n not_o look_v for_o he_o so_o soon_o then_o to_o give_v they_o time_n to_o be_v provide_v and_o so_o to_o fight_v with_o they_o in_o the_o best_a of_o their_o strength_n which_o fall_v out_o according_o for_o this_o sudden_a and_o unexpected_a approach_n of_o he_o put_v all_o italy_n and_o rome_n itself_o into_o such_o a_o tumult_n and_o confusion_n that_o no_o man_n know_v what_o way_n to_o take_v for_o his_o safety_n for_o such_o as_o be_v out_o of_o rome_n come_v fly_v thither_o from_o all_o part_n and_o those_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o be_v in_o rome_n go_v out_o as_o fast_o and_o forsake_v the_o city_n and_o the_o amazement_n be_v such_o that_o pompey_n and_o the_o senate_n flee_v into_o greece_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o caesar_n in_o threescore_o day_n be_v lord_n of_o all_o italy_n without_o any_o bloodshed_n beside_o this_o manner_n of_o prevention_n by_o sudden_a surprise_n we_o may_v see_v the_o like_a expedition_n in_o the_o very_a carriage_n and_o form_n of_o his_o war_n vici_fw-la for_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v take_v the_o field_n he_o labour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o bring_v he_o to_o sight_n or_o otherwise_o if_o he_o refuse_v to_o take_v the_o field_n he_o then_o endeavour_v with_o the_o like_a speed_n to_o besiege_v he_o or_o block_n he_o up_o in_o some_o hold_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v bring_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o speedy_a upshot_n as_o he_o do_v with_o vercingetorix_n at_o alesia_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o memorable_a touch_v this_o point_n at_o the_o first_o take_v in_o of_o spain_n in_o the_o garboil_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n civil_a he_o defeat_v two_o army_n overthrow_v two_o general_n and_o take_v in_o two_o province_n in_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o day_n neither_o do_v he_o make_v use_n of_o expedition_n only_o in_o his_o carriage_n of_o a_o war_n but_o also_o in_o the_o action_n and_o execution_n of_o battle_n for_o he_o never_o forsake_v a_o enemy_n overthrow_v and_o
station_n forasmuch_o as_o no_o place_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o least_o casualty_n and_o there_o he_o see_v how_o much_o fortune_n be_v able_a to_o do_v by_o the_o sudden_a come_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o how_o much_o more_o in_o that_o he_o be_v put_v off_o from_o the_o rampire_n and_o the_o gate_n which_o he_o have_v so_o near_o take_v but_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n this_o seem_v the_o strange_a that_o the_o german_n come_v over_o the_o rhine_n to_o depopulate_v and_o spoil_v ambiorix_n and_o his_o country_n have_v like_a to_o have_v take_v the_o roman_a camp_n which_o will_v have_v be_v as_o acceptable_a to_o ambiorix_n as_o any_o thing_n that_o can_v happen_v observation_n it_o be_v a_o old_a say_n fortune_n avouch_v by_o plutarch_n fortuna_fw-la id_fw-la unum_fw-la hominibus_fw-la non_fw-la aufert_fw-la quod_fw-la bene_fw-la fuerit_fw-la consultum_fw-la what_o a_o man_n have_v once_o well_o advise_v that_o and_o only_o that_o fortune_n can_v never_o despoil_v he_o of_o which_o tiberius_n the_o roman_a emperor_n well_o understand_v of_o who_o suetonius_n report_v quod_fw-la minimum_fw-la fortunae_fw-la casibusque_fw-la permittebat_fw-la that_o he_o trust_v very_o little_a to_o fortune_n or_o casualty_n and_o be_v the_o same_o which_o caesar_n counsel_v in_o this_o place_n ne_fw-la minimus_fw-la quidem_fw-la casui_fw-la locum_fw-la relinqui_fw-la debuisse_fw-la that_o no_o place_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o least_o casualty_n it_o be_v a_o hard_a condition_n to_o expose_v a_o naked_a party_n to_o the_o malice_n of_o a_o enemy_n or_o to_o disadvantage_n he_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o sight_n a_o army_n without_o a_o guard_n at_o any_o time_n be_v mere_o naked_a and_o more_o subject_a to_o slaughter_n than_o those_o that_o never_o take_v arm_n and_o the_o rather_o where_o the_o watch_n be_v want_v for_o there_o sudden_a chance_n can_v hardly_o be_v prevent_v and_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o avoid_v any_o such_o unexpected_a casualty_n they_o have_v great_a cause_n to_o thank_v fortune_n for_o her_o favour_n then_o to_o be_v angry_a with_o she_o for_o her_o malice_n for_o prevention_n at_o such_o time_n be_v out_o of_o the_o way_n and_o they_o be_v whole_o at_o her_o mercy_n as_o caesar_n have_v right_o deliver_v touch_v this_o accident_n and_o therefore_o whether_o a_o army_n march_v forward_o or_o continue_v in_o a_o place_n sleep_n or_o wake_v play_v or_o work_v go_v in_o hazard_n or_o rest_v secure_a let_v not_o so_o great_a a_o body_n be_v at_o any_o time_n without_o a_o competent_a strength_n to_o answer_v the_o spite_n of_o such_o misadventure_n chap._n xviii_o caesar_n return_v to_o spoil_v the_o enemy_n and_o punish_v acco_n caesar_n return_v again_o to_o trouble_v and_o vex_v the_o enemy_n caesar_n have_v call_v a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n from_o the_o border_a city_n he_o send_v they_o out_o into_o all_o part_n all_o the_o village_n and_o house_n which_o be_v any_o where_o to_o be_v see_v be_v burn_v to_o the_o ground_n pillage_n and_o booty_n be_v take_v in_o every_o place_n the_o corn_n be_v not_o only_o consume_v by_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n but_o beat_v down_o also_o by_o the_o unseasenableness_n of_o the_o year_n and_o continual_a rain_n insomuch_o that_o albeit_o divers_a do_v hide_v themselves_o for_o the_o present_a yet_o the_o army_n be_v withdraw_v they_o must_v necessary_o perish_v through_o want_n and_o scarcity_n and_o oftentimes_o they_o happen_v of_o the_o place_n the_o horseman_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o quarter_n where_o they_o do_v not_o only_o see_v ambiorix_n but_o keep_v he_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o sight_n and_o in_o hope_v still_o to_o take_v he_o some_o that_o think_v to_o demerit_n caesar_n high_a favour_n take_v such_o infinite_a pain_n as_o be_v almost_o beyond_o the_o power_n of_o nature_n and_o ever_o there_o seem_v but_o a_o little_a between_o they_o and_o the_o thing_n they_o most_o desire_v but_o he_o convey_v himself_o away_o through_o den_n and_o wood_n and_o dale_n and_o in_o the_o night_n time_n seek_v other_o country_n and_o quarter_n with_o no_o great_a a_o guard_n of_o horse_n than_o four_o to_o who_o only_o he_o dare_v commit_v the_o safety_n of_o his_o life_n the_o country_n be_v in_o this_o manner_n harry_v and_o depopulate_v caesar_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o two_o cohort_n bring_v back_o his_o army_n to_o durocortorum_n in_o the_o state_n of_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n where_o a_o parliament_n be_v summon_v he_o determine_v to_o call_v in_o question_n the_o conspiracy_n of_o the_o senones_n and_o carnutes_n and_o especial_o acco_n the_o principal_a author_n of_o that_o council_n who_o be_v condemn_v be_v put_v to_o death_n more_fw-it majorum_fw-la some_o other_o fear_v the_o like_a judgement_n save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n these_o he_o interdict_a fire_n and_o water_n so_o leave_v two_o legion_n to_o winter_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o treviri_n and_o two_o other_o among_o the_o lingones_n and_o the_o other_o six_o at_o agendicum_n in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o senones_n have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n for_o the_o army_n he_o go_v into_o italy_n ad_fw-la conventus_fw-la agendos_fw-la observation_n the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o summer_n work_n be_v shut_v up_o with_o the_o sack_n and_o depopulation_n of_o the_o eburones_n as_o the_o extremity_n of_o hostile_a fury_n when_o the_o enemy_n lie_v in_o the_o fastness_n of_o the_o country_n and_o refuse_v to_o make_v open_a war_n that_o be_v do_v caesar_n proceed_v in_o a_o course_n of_o civil_a judgement_n with_o such_o principal_a offender_n as_o be_v of_o the_o conspiracy_n and_o namely_o with_o acco_n who_o he_o punish_v in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o old_a roman_n be_v accustom_v to_o do_v with_o such_o offender_n as_o have_v forfeit_v their_o loyalty_n to_o their_o country_n a_o kind_n of_o death_n which_o nero_n know_v not_o although_o he_o have_v be_v emperor_n of_o rome_n thirteen_o year_n and_o put_v to_o death_n many_o thousand_o people_n the_o party_n condemn_v be_v to_o have_v his_o neck_n lock_v in_o a_o fork_n and_o to_o be_v whip_v naked_a to_o death_n and_o he_o that_o be_v put_v to_o death_n after_o that_o manner_n be_v punish_v more_o majorum_fw-la such_o other_o as_o fear_v to_o undergo_v the_o judgement_n and_o flee_v before_o they_o come_v to_o trial_n be_v banish_v out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o make_v uncapable_a of_o the_o benefit_n of_o fire_n and_o water_n in_o that_o empire_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o six_o commentary_n the_o seven_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n this_o last_o commentary_n contain_v the_o specialty_n of_o the_o war_n which_o caesar_n make_v against_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n unite_v into_o one_o confederacy_n for_o the_o expelling_a of_o the_o roman_a government_n out_o of_o that_o continent_n who_o caesar_n overthrow_v in_o the_o end_n horribili_fw-la vigilantia_fw-la &_o prodigiosis_fw-la operibus_fw-la by_o his_o horrible_a vigilancy_n and_o prodigious_a action_n chap._n i._n the_o gall_n enter_v into_o new_a deliberation_n of_o revolt_n gallia_n be_v in_o quiet_a ãâã_d caesar_n according_a to_o his_o determination_n go_v into_o italy_n to_o keep_v court_n and_o session_n there_o he_o under_o stand_v that_o p._n clodius_n be_v slay_v and_o of_o a_o decree_n which_o the_o senate_n have_v make_v touch_v the_o assembly_n of_o all_o the_o youth_n of_o italy_n and_o thereupon_o he_o purpose_v to_o enroll_v new_a band_n throughout_o the_o whole_a province_n these_o news_n be_v quick_o carry_v over_o the_o alps_n into_o gallia_n &_o the_o gall_n themselves_o add_v such_o rumour_n to_o it_o as_o the_o matter_n seem_v well_o to_o to_o bear_v that_o caesar_n be_v now_o detain_v by_o the_o trouble_n at_o rome_n and_o in_o such_o dissension_n can_v not_o return_v to_o his_o army_n be_v stir_v up_o by_o this_o occasion_n such_o as_o before_o be_v inward_o grieve_v that_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n do_v now_o more_o free_o and_o bold_o enter_v into_o the_o consideration_n of_o war_n the_o prince_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o gallia_n have_v appoint_v counsel_n and_o meeting_n in_o remote_a and_o woody_a place_n complain_v of_o the_o death_n of_o acco_n and_o show_v it_o to_o be_v a_o fortune_n which_o may_v concern_v themselves_o they_o pity_v the_o common_a misery_n of_o gallia_n and_o do_v propound_v all_o manner_n of_o promise_n and_o reward_n to_o such_o as_o will_v begin_v the_o war_n and_o with_o the_o danger_n of_o their_o life_n redeem_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n where_o in_o they_o be_v to_o be_v very_o careful_a not_o to_o foreslow_v any_o time_n to_o the_o end_n that_o caesar_n may_v be_v stop_v from_o come_v to_o his_o army_n before_o their_o secret_a conference_n be_v discover_v which_o may_v easy_o
soldier_n to_o be_v send_v he_o with_o all_o speed_n he_o rate_v every_o city_n what_o proportion_n of_o arm_n they_o shall_v have_v ready_a and_o special_o he_o labour_v to_o raise_v great_a store_n of_o horse_n to_o extraordinary_a diligence_n he_o add_v extraordinary_a severity_n compel_v such_o as_o stand_v doubtful_a by_o hard_a and_o severe_a punishment_n for_o such_o as_o have_v commit_v a_o great_a offence_n he_o put_v to_o death_n by_o fire_n and_o torture_n lesser_a fault_n he_o punish_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o nose_n or_o their_o eye_n and_o so_o send_v they_o home_o that_o by_o their_o example_n other_o may_v be_v terrify_v by_o these_o practice_n and_o severity_n have_v speedy_o raise_v a_o great_a army_n he_o send_v lucterius_n of_o cahors_n a_o man_n of_o great_a spirit_n and_o boldness_n with_o part_n of_o the_o force_n towards_o the_o rutheni_n and_o he_o himself_o make_v towards_o the_o bituriges_n upon_o his_o come_v the_o bituriges_n send_v to_o the_o hedui_n in_o who_o protection_n they_o be_v in_o require_v aid_n against_o vercingetorix_n the_o hedui_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o legate_n which_o caesar_n have_v leave_v with_o the_o army_n send_v force_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o bituriges_n who_o come_v to_o the_o river_n loire_n which_o divide_v the_o bituriges_n from_o the_o hedui_n after_o a_o few_o day_n stay_v not_o dare_v to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n return_v home_o again_o bring_v word_n to_o our_o legate_n that_o they_o dare_v not_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o bituriges_n and_o so_o return_v for_o they_o know_v that_o if_o they_o have_v pass_v over_o the_o river_n the_o bituriges_n have_v inciose_v they_o in_o on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o arverni_n on_o the_o other_o but_o whether_o they_o do_v return_v upon_o that_o occasion_n or_o through_o perfidious_a treachery_n it_o remain_v doubtful_a the_o bituriges_n upon_o their_o departure_n do_v present_o join_v themseleves_fw-la with_o the_o arverni_n observation_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o such_o as_o be_v acquaint_v with_o matter_n of_o government_n soldier_n that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v always_o a_o proportion_n of_o quality_n between_o he_o that_o command_v and_o they_o that_o obey_v for_o if_o a_o man_n of_o sardanapalus_n condition_n shall_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o charge_n of_o marius_n army_n it_o be_v like_a to_o take_v no_o better_a effect_n then_o if_o manlius_n have_v the_o lead_n of_o lascivious_a cinaedes_fw-la mariani_n and_o as_o we_o may_v observe_v in_o economical_a policy_n a_o dissolute_a master_n may_v as_o soon_o command_v hair_n to_o grow_v on_o the_o palm_n of_o his_o hand_n servant_n as_o to_o make_v a_o virtuous_a servant_n but_o the_o respect_n of_o duty_n between_o such_o relative_n do_v likewise_o infer_v the_o like_a respect_n of_o quality_n so_o in_o all_o sort_n and_o condition_n of_o command_n there_o must_v be_v sympathize_v mean_n to_o unite_v the_o diversity_n of_o the_o part_n in_o the_o happy_a end_n of_o perfect_a government_n in_o this_o new_a empire_n which_o befall_v vercingetorix_n we_o may_v observe_v a_o double_a proportion_n between_o he_o and_o his_o people_n the_o first_o of_o strength_n and_o ability_n and_o the_o other_o of_o quality_n and_o resemblance_n of_o affection_n upon_o the_o assurance_n of_o which_o proportion_n he_o ground_v the_o austerity_n of_o his_o command_n for_o it_o appear_v that_o his_o first_o beginning_n be_v by_o persuasion_n and_o entreaty_n and_o will_v endure_v no_o direction_n but_o that_o which_o be_v guide_v by_o a_o loose_a and_o easy_a rein_n hold_v it_o neither_o safe_a nor_o seemly_a but_o rather_o a_o strain_n of_o extreme_a madness_n first_o to_o punish_v or_o threaten_v and_o then_o to_o want_v power_n to_o make_v good_a his_o judgement_n but_o be_v strengthen_v by_o authority_n from_o themselves_o and_o back_v with_o a_o army_n able_a to_o control_v their_o disobedience_n he_o then_o add_v punishment_n as_o the_o ensign_n of_o magistracy_n and_o confirm_v his_o power_n by_o rigorous_a command_n which_o be_v as_o necessary_a a_o demonstration_n of_o a_o well-settled_n government_n as_o any_o circumstance_n belong_v thereunto_o touch_v the_o resemblance_n and_o proportion_n of_o their_o quality_n it_o be_v manifest_o show_v by_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o history_n that_o every_o man_n desire_v to_o redeem_v the_o common_a liberty_n of_o their_o country_n in_o that_o measure_n of_o endeavour_n as_o be_v fit_v so_o great_a a_o cause_n among_o who_o vercingetorix_n be_v their_o chief_a commander_n summae_fw-la diligentiae_fw-la as_o the_o story_n say_v add_v summam_fw-la severitatem_fw-la liâie_n to_o great_a diligence_n great_a severity_n as_o well_o assure_v that_o the_o great_a part_n will_v approve_v his_o justice_n and_o condemn_v the_o uncertainty_n of_o doubtful_a resolution_n desire_v no_o further_a service_n at_o their_o hand_n then_o that_o wherein_o himself_o will_v be_v the_o foremost_a in_o imitation_n of_o valerius_n corvinus_n factamea_n non_fw-la dicta_fw-la vos_fw-la milites_fw-la sequi_fw-la volo_fw-la nec_fw-la disciplinam_fw-la modo_fw-la sed_fw-la exemplum_fw-la etiam_fw-la à _fw-la i_o petere_fw-la i_o will_v have_v you_o o_o my_o soldier_n do_v as_o i_o do_v and_o not_o so_o much_o mind_n what_o i_o say_v and_o to_o take_v not_o your_o discipline_n only_o but_o your_o pattern_n also_o from_o i_o and_o therefore_o the_o party_n be_v like_a to_o be_v well_o uphold_v forasmuch_o as_o both_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o people_n be_v so_o far_o engage_v in_o the_o matter_n intend_v as_o by_o the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o earnest_a desire_n may_v answer_v the_o measure_n of_o due_a proportion_n chap._n iu._n caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n and_o by_o a_o device_n get_v to_o his_o army_n these_o thing_n be_v tell_v caesar_n in_o italy_n caesar_n assoon_o as_o he_o understand_v that_o the_o matter_n in_o the_o city_n be_v by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o pompey_n 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by_o that_o purpose_n and_o go_v himself_o to_o narbo_n at_o his_o come_n he_o encourage_v such_o as_o stand_v doubtful_a or_o timorous_a and_o place_v garrison_n among_o the_o rutheni_n the_o volsci_n and_o about_o narbo_n which_o be_v frontier_n place_n and_o near_o unto_o the_o enemy_n and_o command_v part_n of_o the_o force_n which_o be_v in_o the_o province_n together_o with_o those_o supply_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o italy_n to_o go_v against_o the_o helvii_n which_o be_v adjoin_v upon_o the_o arverni_n thing_n be_v thus_o order_v lucterius_n be_v now_o suppress_v and_o remove_v hold_v it_o to_o be_v dangerous_a to_o enter_v among_o the_o garrison_n he_o himself_o go_v towards_o the_o helvii_n and_o albeit_o the_o hill_n gebenna_n which_o divide_v the_o arverni_n from_o the_o helvii_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o hard_a time_n of_o winter_n and_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o snow_n do_v hinder_v their_o passage_n yet_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o soldier_n make_v way_n 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caesar_n behalf_n have_v be_v deliver_v by_o fabius_n to_o the_o consul_n from_o c._n caesar_n caesar_n it_o be_v hardly_o obtain_v by_o the_o extreme_a importunity_n of_o the_o tribune_n to_o get_v they_o read_v in_o the_o senate_n but_o to_o consult_v thereof_o or_o to_o bring_v the_o content_n in_o question_n will_v not_o be_v grant_v the_o consul_n propound_v business_n concern_v the_o state_n of_o the_o city_n l._n lentulus_n consul_n protest_v his_o assistance_n shall_v not_o be_v want_v neither_o to_o the_o senate_n nor_o to_o the_o commonweal_n if_o they_o will_v speak_v their_o mind_n free_o and_o bold_o but_o if_o they_o respect_v caesar_n and_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o his_o favour_n as_o in_o former_a time_n they_o usual_o have_v he_o will_v then_o take_v a_o course_n for_o himself_o and_o not_o regard_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o senate_n neither_o want_v he_o mean_v of_o entrance_n into_o caesar_n friendship_n and_o good_a acceptance_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n speak_v scipio_n that_o pompey_n be_v resolve_v to_o be_v aid_v to_o the_o commonweal_n if_o the_o senate_n will_v stand_v to_o he_o but_o if_o they_o temporize_v and_o deal_v cold_o in_o vain_a hereafter_o shall_v they_o seek_v aid_n from_o he_o albeit_o they_o instant_o desire_v it_o this_o speech_n of_o scipio_n seem_v to_o come_v from_o pompey_n own_o mouth_n he_o himself_o be_v present_a and_o the_o senate_n keep_v within_o the_o city_n some_o other_o speak_v more_o temperate_o as_o first_o m._n marcellus_n who_o think_v it_o not_o convenient_a that_o the_o senate_n shall_v bring_v these_o thing_n in_o question_n until_o they_o have_v make_v a_o levy_v of_o soldier_n throughout_o all_o italy_n and_o enrol_v a_o army_n by_o who_o protection_n they_o may_v safe_o and_o free_o determine_v what_o they_o think_v fit_a at_o also_o m._n calidius_n who_o think_v it_o requisite_a that_o pompey_n shall_v go_v to_o his_o province_n and_o government_n to_o remove_v all_o occasion_n of_o take_v arm_n for_o caesar_n have_v two_o legion_n new_o take_v from_o he_o fear_z that_o pompey_n keep_v they_o near_o about_o the_o city_n to_o his_o prejudice_n and_o likewise_o m._n rufus_n vary_v some_o few_o word_n declare_v himself_o of_o calidius_n opinion_n all_o these_o be_v bitter_o reprove_v by_o l._n lentulus_n the_o consul_n who_o utter_o deny_v to_o publish_v what_o calidius_n have_v sentence_v marcellus_n fear_v with_o these_o menace_n retract_v his_o opinion_n and_o so_o what_o with_o the_o clamour_n of_o the_o consul_n the_o terror_n of_o the_o present_a army_n and_o the_o threaten_v use_v by_o pompey_n faction_n most_o of_o the_o senator_n be_v compel_v against_o their_o will_n to_o allow_v that_o which_o scipio_n think_v fit_a which_o be_v that_o by_o a_o certain_a day_n caesar_n shall_v dissolve_v and_o dismiss_v his_o army_n which_o if_o he_o do_v refuse_v to_o do_v that_o then_o he_o open_o show_v himself_o a_o enemy_n to_o the_o common-weal_n m._n antonius_n and_o l._n cassius_n tribunes_z of_o the_o people_n do_v oppose_v this_o decree_n their_o opposition_n be_v instant_o speak_v unto_o and_o many_o sharp_a and_o hard_a censure_n be_v give_v upon_o the_o same_o for_o according_a as_o any_o one_o speak_v most_o bitter_o and_o cruel_o so_o they_o be_v most_o high_o commend_v by_o caesar_n enemy_n the_o first_o observation_n as_o the_o former_a commentary_n do_v carry_v in_o their_o front_n the_o ensign_n of_o honour_n display_v the_o military_a valour_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n in_o the_o continent_n of_o gallia_n and_o other_o kingdom_n of_o warlike_a nation_n so_o be_v these_o relation_n brand_v in_o the_o forehead_n with_o a_o note_n of_o infamy_n and_o title_v with_o the_o direful_a name_n of_o civil_a war_n a_o odious_a and_o decry_v cause_n ill_o befit_v the_o integrity_n of_o that_o state_n or_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o actor_n which_o be_v chief_a in_o this_o tragedy_n who_o neglect_v all_o that_o may_v either_o enlarge_v the_o empire_n or_o repair_v rome_n honour_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o crassus_n choose_v rather_o to_o imbrue_v their_o ambitious_a sword_n in_o the_o blood_n of_o their_o own_o country_n 1._o eagle_n against_o eagle_n and_o pile_n against_o pile_n in_o a_o war_n which_o can_v challenge_v no_o triumph_n if_o it_o be_v now_o demand_v as_o former_o it_o be_v quis_fw-la furor_fw-la o_fw-la cives_fw-la quae_fw-la tanta_fw-la licentia_fw-la ferri_fw-la what_o fury_n be_v this_o what_o these_o licentious_a arm_n be_v it_o pompey_n ambition_n or_o caesar_n high_a thought_n that_o bereave_v the_o state_n of_o liberty_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o many_o roman_n it_o be_v beside_o the_o scope_n of_o these_o discourse_n to_o lay_v a_o imputation_n upon_o either_o of_o those_o worthy_n the_o one_o be_v chief_a assistant_n to_o the_o empire_n when_o she_o put_v off_o her_o consulary_a government_n and_o the_o other_o sit_v sole_a at_o the_o helm_n direct_v a_o course_n to_o fetch_v in_o many_o caesar_n only_o this_o i_o may_v true_o say_v with_o tacitus_n an._n that_o civil_a war_n be_v never_o set_v on_o foot_n by_o justifiable_a course_n yet_o for_o the_o reader_n better_a direction_n and_o for_o open_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o story_n off_o which_o be_v more_o to_o be_v regard_v then_o either_o socrates_n or_o plato_n friendship_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o fetch_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o war_n a_o little_a high_o in_o a_o word_n than_o these_o commentary_n do_v afford_v they_o the_o history_n of_o that_o age_n do_v all_o intimate_v that_o when_o rome_n have_v ennoble_v pompey_n with_o her_o service_n and_o style_v he_o by_o employment_n with_o the_o title_n of_o greatness_n as_o a_o satisfaction_n for_o the_o injury_n do_v unto_o his_o father_n he_o forget_v the_o right_n of_o a_o state_n which_o challenge_v the_o renown_n of_o other_o man_n labour_n and_o suffer_v no_o subject_n to_o be_v copartner_n therein_o further_o than_o by_o approbation_n of_o service_n and_o obedience_n assume_v to_o himself_o the_o honour_n due_a to_o the_o commonweal_n and_o become_v proud_a of_o that_o which_o be_v none_o of_o he_o in_o which_o conceit_n the_o ambition_n of_o his_o spirit_n keep_v no_o measure_n but_o overvalue_v his_o merit_n so_o far_o that_o he_o think_v himself_o rather_o a_o sovereign_n than_o a_o servant_n so_o easy_o be_v man_n bewitch_v when_o the_o favour_n of_o a_o state_n have_v once_o make_v they_o absolute_a and_o put_v itself_o under_o the_o awe_n of_o private_a command_n in_o this_o height_n of_o greatness_n and_o authority_n he_o make_v way_n for_o caesar_n his_o father_n in_o law_n who_o have_v a_o spirit_n as_o subject_a to_o ambition_n and_o as_o capable_a of_o public_a dignity_n as_o any_o one_o among_o all_o the_o patrician_n family_n and_o upon_o the_o end_n of_o his_o first_o consulship_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 695_o obtain_v the_o government_n of_o gallia_n transalpina_n and_o likewise_o of_o that_o other_o gallia_n which_o they_o call_v cisalpina_n contain_v the_o country_n that_o lie_v between_o the_o alps_n and_o the_o 1._o little_a river_n rubicon_n together_o with_o sclavonâa_n and_o four_o legion_n of_o soldier_n for_o the_o term_n of_o five_o year_n at_o the_o expiration_n whereof_o his_o charge_n be_v continue_v by_o the_o like_a favour_n and_o meditation_n of_o crasso_fw-la pompey_n and_o the_o assistance_n of_o crassus_n for_o five_o year_n long_o with_o a_o redouble_v of_o his_o force_n but_o after_o that_o crassus_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o parthian_a war_n and_o that_o julia_n caesar_n daughter_n who_o pompey_n have_v marry_v be_v decease_v whereby_o caesar_n stand_v single_a without_o any_o tie_n of_o alliance_n or_o other_o mor_fw-fr counterpoise_n of_o a_o three_o party_n to_o hold_v they_o balance_v at_o the_o same_o weight_n as_o they_o stand_v while_o crassus_n live_v pompey_n jealous_a of_o those_o victory_n and_o passage_n
neither_o be_v it_o the_o least_o mischief_n that_o the_o condition_n of_o sovereignty_n be_v such_o as_o will_v hardly_o endure_v reproof_n but_o must_v be_v disguise_v plutarch_n as_o apollonius_n correct_v lion_n by_o bear_v dog_n before_o they_o chap._n ii_o the_o senate_n proceed_v against_o caesar_n with_o all_o eagerness_n the_o senate_n rise_v a_o little_a before_o night_n caesac_n be_v all_o send_v for_o to_o pompey_n he_o commend_v the_o forward_a for_o what_o they_o have_v do_v and_o confirm_v they_o for_o after_o resolution_n reprehend_v such_o as_o show_v themselves_o indifferent_a and_o stir_v they_o up_o to_o more_o forwardness_n many_o which_o be_v of_o pompey_n former_a army_n be_v send_v for_o upon_o of_o reward_n and_o advancement_n many_o of_o the_o two_o legion_n which_o late_o come_v from_o caesar_n be_v command_v to_o attend_v insomuch_o as_o the_o city_n swarm_v with_o soldier_n against_o the_o election_n of_o new_a magistrate_n c._n cuâio_n call_v out_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n all_o the_o consul_n friend_n the_o kinsfolk_n and_o ally_n of_o pompey_n and_o such_o other_o as_o have_v any_o former_a enmity_n with_o caesar_n be_v compel_v into_o the_o senate_n by_o the_o presence_n and_o vote_n of_o these_o man_n the_o weak_a be_v terrify_v the_o doubtful_a confirm_v and_o the_o most_o part_n be_v cut_v off_o from_o give_v absolute_a and_o free_a voice_n l._n piso_n the_o censor_n and_o l._n roâcius_n the_o praetor_n offer_v themselves_o to_o go_v to_o caesar_n to_o advise_v he_o of_o these_o thing_n require_v but_o six_o day_n space_n to_o return_v a_o answer_n other_o think_v it_o fit_a that_o ambassador_n shall_v be_v send_v to_o caesar_n to_o give_v he_o notice_n of_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o senate_n to_o all_o these_o be_v oppose_v what_o the_o consul_n scipio_n and_o cato_n think_v fit_a cato_n be_v incite_v through_o former_a enmity_n and_o special_o by_o the_o repulse_n of_o the_o praetorship_n lentulus_n out_o of_o a_o consideration_n of_o his_o great_a debt_n hope_v to_o command_v a_o army_n to_o govern_v province_n and_o to_o receive_v the_o liberal_a acknowledgement_n of_o king_n who_o he_o shall_v thereby_o procure_v to_o be_v style_v with_o the_o title_n of_o friend_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n insomuch_o as_o he_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o boast_v in_o private_a that_o he_o be_v like_a to_o prove_v a_o second_o sylla_n on_o who_o the_o sovereign_a command_n of_o the_o empire_n will_v be_v confer_v scipio_n be_v draw_v on_o by_o the_o same_o hope_n of_o have_v the_o government_n of_o a_o province_n or_o the_o command_n of_o a_o army_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o alliance_n he_o think_v to_o share_v with_o pompey_n be_v otherwise_o afraid_a to_o be_v call_v into_o justice_n as_o also_o through_o flattery_n and_o ostentation_n both_o of_o himself_o and_o other_o great_a friend_n which_o be_v able_a to_o sway_v much_o as_o well_o in_o the_o course_n of_o justice_n as_o in_o the_o commonwealth_n pompey_n in_o his_o particular_a be_v much_o provoke_v by_o caesar_n enemy_n âul_fw-la and_o special_o for_o that_o he_o can_v endare_n no_o man_n to_o be_v his_o equal_a he_o be_v alienate_v altogether_o from_o caesar_n friendship_n and_o have_v reconcile_v himself_o to_o their_o common_a enemy_n the_o great_a part_n of_o who_o be_v by_o his_o mean_n gain_v to_o caesar_n in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o alliance_n he_o be_v also_o move_v by_o the_o dishonour_n which_o he_o have_v get_v by_o take_v those_o two_o legion_n from_o their_o journey_n towards_o asia_n and_o syria_n and_o use_v they_o for_o the_o advancement_n of_o his_o own_o particular_a which_o thing_n move_v he_o to_o draw_v the_o matter_n to_o arms._n for_o these_o respect_v all_o thing_n be_v carry_v impetuous_o and_o confuse_o neither_o be_v ãâ¦ã_z sure_o give_v to_o caesar_n friend_n to_o advertise_v he_o thereof_o nor_o yet_o to_o the_o tribune_n to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n which_o be_v fall_v upon_o they_o or_o to_o use_v their_o right_n of_o opposition_n which_o l._n sylla_n leave_v unto_o they_o but_o within_o seven_o day_n after_o they_o be_v enter_v into_o their_o office_n they_o be_v force_v to_o shift_v for_o their_o safety_n notwithstanding_o that_o the_o most_o turbulent_a and_o sedition_n tribune_n of_o former_a time_n be_v never_o put_v to_o look_v into_o their_o affair_n or_o to_o gâve_v account_n of_o their_o action_n before_o the_o eight_o month_n in_o the_o end_n they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o that_o extreme_a and_o last_o act_n of_o senate_n which_o be_v never_o think_v upon_o but_o when_o the_o city_n be_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o burn_a or_o in_o the_o most_o desperate_a estate_n of_o the_o commonweal_n that_o the_o consul_n praetor_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n and_o such_o as_o have_v be_v consul_n and_o be_v resident_a near_o about_o the_o city_n shall_v endeavour_v that_o the_o commonweal_n may_v not_o be_v endanger_v fratâi_fw-la this_o act_n be_v make_v the_o seven_o of_o the_o ides_n of_o january_n so_o that_o the_o five_o first_o day_n in_o which_o the_o senate_n may_v sit_v after_o that_o lentulus_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o consulship_n except_v only_o two_o day_n for_o the_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o people_n most_o heavy_a and_o cruel_a decree_n be_v make_v against_o the_o authority_n of_o caesar_n and_o against_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n famous_a and_o worthy_a man_n who_o thereupon_o flee_v present_o out_o of_o the_o city_n and_o come_v to_o caesar_n who_o be_v then_o at_o ravenna_n attend_v a_o answer_n to_o his_o easy_a and_o modest_a demand_n if_o by_o any_o reasonable_a course_n matter_n may_v be_v draw_v to_o a_o peaceable_a end_n the_o first_o observation_n it_o be_v the_o condition_n of_o humane_a nature_n to_o make_v good_a that_o which_o once_o it_o have_v avouch_v although_o the_o matter_n be_v of_o small_a consequence_n in_o particular_a and_o tend_v rather_o to_o infamy_n then_o to_o profit_n neither_o will_v it_o easy_o be_v reclaim_v by_o motive_n of_o reason_n but_o be_v rather_o incite_v thereby_o per_fw-la antiperistasin_n to_o persist_v in_o wilfulness_n then_o to_o hearken_v to_o that_o which_o be_v more_o convenient_a tac._n especial_o when_o either_o jealousy_n or_o revenge_n do_v imply_v a_o advantage_n for_o then_o partiality_n keep_v no_o measure_n but_o to_o justify_v a_o error_n run_v headlong_o into_o all_o extremity_n and_o ââeth_v to_o the_o last_o refuge_n of_o desperate_a and_o deplore_a case_n to_o make_v disorder_a passion_n seem_v good_a discretion_n which_o evident_o appear_v by_o pompey_n faction_n in_o resolve_v of_o that_o desperate_a act_n of_o senate_n which_o be_v never_o think_v of_o but_o in_o most_o eminent_a danger_n for_o as_o in_o foul_a weather_n at_o sea_n when_o a_o ship_n ride_v in_o a_o dangerous_a road_n and_o through_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o tempest_n be_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o shipwreck_n the_o mariner_n be_v wont_a to_o cast_v out_o a_o sheet-anchor_n as_o their_o last_o refuge_n reipub_fw-la so_o have_v rome_n ancient_o recourse_n to_o this_o decree_n at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v in_o imminent_a and_o extreme_a calamity_n whether_o it_o be_v by_o enemy_n abroad_o or_o by_o serpent_n in_o their_o bosom_n at_o home_n 3._o livy_n speak_v of_o the_o war_n of_o the_o aequi_n say_v the_o senator_n be_v so_o affright_v that_o follow_v the_o form_n of_o the_o decree_n which_o be_v always_o reserve_v for_o case_n of_o extremity_n they_o ordain_v that_o post_n humius_fw-la one_o of_o the_o consul_n shall_v take_v care_n that_o the_o commonwealth_n may_v not_o be_v endanger_v the_o like_a be_v use_v in_o civil_a and_o intestine_a sedition_n as_o when_o manlius_n capitolinus_n aspire_v to_o a_o tyranny_n cicero_n and_o as_o likewise_o in_o the_o tumult_n of_o the_o gracchi_n the_o conspiracy_n of_o catiline_n and_o other_o time_n of_o like_a danger_n for_o albeit_o the_o consul_n have_v all_o sovereign_a authority_n as_o well_o in_o war_n as_o in_o peace_n yet_o nevertheless_o there_o be_v certain_a reserve_v case_n wherein_o they_o have_v no_o power_n without_o express_a order_n from_o the_o senate_n accipiat_fw-la and_o assent_v from_o the_o people_n as_o to_o levy_v a_o army_n to_o make_v war_n to_o take_v money_n out_o of_o the_o treasury_n whereas_o upon_o such_o a_o decree_n they_o be_v enable_v to_o dispose_v of_o all_o business_n of_o state_n without_o further_a move_a of_o the_o senate_n or_o people_n which_o tully_n note_v in_o his_o oration_n against_o antony_n i_o think_v it_o fit_a say_v he_o that_o the_o whole_a state_n of_o the_o commonweal_n be_v leave_v unto_o the_o consul_n and_o that_o they_o be_v suffer_v to_o defend_v the_o same_o and_o to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o commonweal_n be_v not_o endanger_v the_o second_o observation_n i_o may_v not_o omit_v for_o the_o
saturmnus_n and_o the_o gracchi_n but_o at_o this_o present_a there_o be_v no_o such_o matter_n attempt_v so_o much_o as_o in_o thought_n no_o law_n publish_v no_o practice_n with_o the_o people_n no_o tumult_n no_o departure_n out_o of_o the_o city_n and_o therefore_o he_o adhort_v they_o that_o forasmuch_o as_o under_o his_o lead_n and_o command_n for_o nine_o year_n together_o they_o have_v most_o happy_o carry_v the_o government_n fight_v many_o prosperous_a and_o victorious_a battle_n settle_v all_o gallia_n and_o germany_n in_o peace_n they_o will_v now_o in_o the_o end_n take_v his_o honour_n into_o their_o protection_n legion_n and_o defend_v it_o against_o the_o malice_n of_o his_o adversary_n the_o soldier_n of_o the_o thirteen_o legion_n which_o be_v present_a for_o they_o only_o have_v he_o call_v out_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o trouble_n and_o the_o other_o legion_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o come_v cry_v out_o instant_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o undertake_v his_o defence_n against_o such_o wrong_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n from_o injury_n the_o first_o observation_n as_o publick-weal_n and_o society_n be_v chief_o support_v and_o maintain_v by_o justice_n ossicio_fw-la so_o likewise_o such_o as_o live_v in_o the_o civil_a community_n of_o the_o same_o and_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o well-qualified_a government_n do_v take_v themselves_o interest_v in_o the_o maintenance_n of_o justice_n and_o can_v endure_v the_o tyranny_n of_o wrong_n injuriam_fw-la unless_o happy_o as_o every_o man_n be_v partial_a in_o his_o own_o cause_n they_o be_v the_o author_n thereof_o themselves_o the_o first_o duty_n of_o justice_n 1._o which_o be_v ne_o cui_fw-la quis_fw-la noceat_fw-la that_o no_o man_n hurt_v another_o do_v caesar_n make_v the_o theme_n of_o his_o oration_n to_o his_o soldier_n noâeat_fw-la aggravate_v his_o particular_a injury_n by_o open_v and_o enforce_v the_o malice_n of_o his_o adversary_n and_o make_v the_o state_n a_o party_n in_o his_o suffering_n officiis_fw-la through_o the_o oppression_n and_o deface_v of_o the_o tribuneship_n which_o in_o time_n of_o liberty_n and_o just_a proceed_n be_v sacred_a and_o inviolable_a these_o remonstrance_n be_v apprehend_v by_o the_o soldier_n as_o matter_n special_o concern_v their_o duty_n offi_n hold_v themselves_o either_o bind_v to_o redress_v they_o or_o other_o wise_a to_o be_v guilty_a of_o betray_v their_o parent_n country_n companion_n and_o friend_n some_o report_n that_o one_o ââelius_fw-la a_o primipile_n of_o caesar_n army_n make_v answer_n to_o this_o speech_n give_v assurance_n of_o the_o soldier_n good_a affection_n which_o the_o rest_n approve_v with_o a_o general_a acclamation_n howbeit_o the_o argument_n lie_v couch_v in_o a_o sophism_n pretend_v caesar_n right_a but_o conclude_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o state_n the_o second_o observation_n second_o reddidit_fw-la we_o may_v observe_v that_o as_o discord_n and_o dissension_n âending_v asunder_o the_o bond_n of_o civil_a community_n be_v the_o bane_n of_o slourish_v and_o opulent_a city_n and_o make_v the_o great_a empire_n example_n of_o mortality_n so_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n of_o discourse_n it_o be_v also_o true_a that_o the_o mutual_a respect_n of_o well-qualified_a friendship_n 2._o be_v as_o expedient_a both_o for_o the_o fasten_n of_o the_o joint_n of_o a_o public_a state_n jugurth_n and_o for_o keep_v the_o particular_a part_n in_o due_a temper_n and_o proportion_n as_o either_o treasure_n or_o army_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n require_v thereunto_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o amicitia_fw-la cicero_n say_v that_o we_o have_v as_o much_o use_n of_o friendship_n as_o of_o fire_n and_o water_n and_o that_o he_o that_o shall_v go_v about_o to_o take_v it_o from_o among_o man_n do_v endeavour_v as_o it_o be_v to_o take_v the_o sun_n out_o of_o the_o heaven_n which_o by_o heat_n light_n and_o influence_n give_v life_n unto_o the_o world_n indiget_fw-la and_o as_o man_n be_v eminent_a in_o place_n and_o authority_n and_o have_v use_v of_o many_o wheel_n for_o the_o motion_n of_o their_o several_a occasion_n so_o have_v they_o the_o more_o need_n of_o amity_n and_o correspondency_n to_o second_v the_o multiplicity_n of_o their_o desire_n and_o to_o put_v on_o their_o business_n to_o their_o wish_a end_n 8._o chap._n v._n caesar_n take_v ariminum_n receive_v and_o answer_v message_n from_o pompey_n caesar_n have_v sound_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o soldier_n go_v direct_o with_o that_o legion_n to_o ariminum_n rimini_n &_o there_o meet_v with_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n that_o be_v flee_v unto_o he_o send_v for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o legion_n from_o their_o winter_v camp_n and_o give_v order_n they_o shall_v follow_v he_o thither_o come_v young_a l._n caesar_n caesar_n who_o father_n be_v a_o legate_n in_o caesar_n camp_n and_o after_o some_o speech_n of_o the_o occasion_n of_o his_o come_n acquaint_v caesar_n that_o pompey_n have_v give_v he_o a_o message_n in_o charge_n to_o be_v deliver_v unto_o he_o which_o be_v that_o he_o desire_v to_o clear_v himself_o to_o caesar_n lest_o he_o may_v peradventure_o take_v those_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v in_o scorn_n of_o he_o which_o be_v command_v only_o for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o state_n the_o good_a whereof_o he_o always_o prefer_v before_o any_o private_a respect_n and_o that_o caesar_n likewise_o be_v tie_v in_o honour_n to_o lay_v aside_o his_o indignation_n and_o affection_n for_o the_o commonwealth_n sake_n and_o not_o to_o be_v so_o transport_v with_o anger_n and_o disdain_n of_o his_o adversary_n as_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v lest_o in_o hope_v to_o be_v avenge_v of_o they_o he_o shall_v hurt_v the_o public_a weal_n of_o his_o country_n he_o add_v somewhat_o more_o of_o the_o same_o subject_n together_o with_o excuse_n on_o pompey_n behalf_n almost_o the_o selfsame_a discourse_n and_o of_o the_o selfsame_a thing_n roscius_n the_o praetor_n deal_v with_o caesar_n and_o say_v that_o he_o have_v receive_v they_o in_o charge_n from_o pompey_n which_o although_o they_o seem_v no_o way_n to_o satisfy_v or_o remove_v the_o injury_n and_o wrong_n complain_v of_o yet_o have_v get_v fit_a man_n by_o who_o that_o which_o he_o wish_v may_v be_v impart_v to_o pompey_n he_o pray_v they_o both_o for_o that_o they_o have_v bring_v unto_o he_o what_o pompey_n require_v they_o will_v not_o think_v it_o much_o to_o return_v his_o desire_n to_o pompey_n if_o happy_o with_o so_o little_a labour_n they_o may_v accord_v so_o great_a difference_n and_o free_a all_o italy_n from_o fear_n and_o danger_n that_o he_o have_v ever_o hold_v the_o dignity_n of_o the_o commonweal_n in_o high_a regard_n and_o dear_a than_o his_o own_o life_n he_o grieve_v much_o that_o a_o benefit_n give_v he_o by_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n shall_v be_v spiteful_o wrest_v from_o he_o by_o his_o adversary_n that_o six_o month_n of_o his_o government_n be_v to_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o so_o he_o to_o be_v call_v home_o to_o the_o city_n notwithstanding_o the_o people_n have_v command_v at_o the_o last_o creation_n of_o magistrate_n that_o there_o shall_v regard_v be_v have_v of_o he_o although_o absent_a nevertheless_o for_o the_o commonwealth_n sake_n he_o can_v be_v content_a to_o undergo_v the_o loss_n of_o that_o honour_n and_o have_v write_v to_o the_o senate_n that_o all_o man_n may_v quit_v their_o army_n he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o gain_v the_o same_o that_o contrariwise_o a_o levy_v be_v thereupon_o make_v throughout_o all_o italy_n and_o the_o two_o legion_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o he_o under_o a_o pretence_n of_o the_o parthian_a war_n be_v still_o retain_v about_o the_o city_n which_o be_v likewise_o in_o arms._n and_o to_o what_o tend_v all_o this_o but_o his_o destruction_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o be_v content_a to_o condescend_v to_o all_o thing_n and_o to_o endure_v all_o inconvenience_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o public_a weal._n let_v pompey_n go_v to_o his_o government_n and_o province_n let_v both_o the_o army_n be_v discharge_v let_v all_o man_n in_o italy_n lay_v down_o their_o arm_n let_v the_o city_n be_v free_v of_o fear_n let_v the_o assembly_n of_o the_o people_n be_v leave_v to_o their_o ancient_a liberty_n and_o the_o whole_a government_n of_o the_o state_n remit_v to_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n for_o the_o better_a accomplishment_n whereof_o under_o well-advised_a and_o secure_a condition_n let_v a_o oath_n be_v take_v for_o due_a keep_n of_o the_o same_o or_o otherwise_o let_v pompey_n approach_v near_a unto_o he_o or_o suffer_v caesar_n to_o come_v near_o to_o he_o that_o these_o controversy_n may_v happy_o receive_v a_o end_n by_o conference_n roscius_n have_v this_o message_n january_n go_v to_o capua_n accompany_v with_o l._n caesar_n where_o find_v the_o consul_n and_o pompey_n he_o deliver_v unto_o they_o caesar_n proposition_n
to_o consider_v what_o may_v ensue_v thereof_o and_o the_o danger_n which_o may_v befall_v he_o in_o particular_a varus_n be_v thorough_o waken_v at_o this_o warning_n draw_v out_o the_o garrison_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v in_o and_o so_o flee_v away_o and_o be_v overtake_v by_o a_o few_o of_o caesar_n first_o troop_n be_v compel_v to_o make_v a_o stand_n and_o there_o give_v battle_n be_v forsake_v of_o his_o man_n some_o of_o the_o soldier_n go_v home_o and_o the_o rest_n come_v to_o caesar_n pupius_n among_o they_o be_v take_v l._n pupius_n centurion_n of_o a_o primipile_n order_n which_o place_n he_o have_v former_o hold_v in_o pompey_n army_n caesar_n commend_v actius_n soldier_n send_v pupius_n away_o give_v thanks_o to_o they_o of_o auximum_n and_o assure_v they_o of_o a_o mindful_a acknowledgement_n on_o his_o behalf_n for_o this_o service_n the_o first_o observation_n among_o other_o thing_n which_o serve_v to_o enable_v our_o judgement_n and_o do_v make_v man_n wise_a to_o good_a fortune_n that_o which_o be_v gather_v from_o similitude_n or_o likeness_n of_o quality_n be_v not_o the_o unsure_a ground_n of_o our_o discourse_n but_o oftentimes_o give_v more_o light_n to_o guide_v our_o passage_n through_o the_o doubtfulness_n of_o great_a enterprise_n than_o any_o other_o help_n of_o reason_n for_o he_o that_o will_v attend_v a_o overture_n from_o every_o particular_a and_o tarry_v for_o circumstance_n to_o accomplish_v all_o his_o purpose_n and_o make_v no_o use_n of_o instance_n to_o better_v his_o advantage_n shall_v never_o wade_v far_o in_o business_n of_o moment_n nor_o achieve_v that_o which_o he_o desire_v which_o caesar_n well_o observe_v for_o upon_o the_o accidental_a discovery_n of_o the_o disposition_n of_o one_o town_n he_o thereby_o take_v occasion_n to_o make_v trial_n how_o the_o rest_n stand_v affect_v and_o either_o find_v they_o or_o make_v they_o answerable_a to_o his_o hope_n concern_v these_o place_n take_v by_o caesar_n anto._n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o pisaurum_n be_v site_v on_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n and_o belong_v to_o the_o duchy_n of_o urbine_n a_o town_n famous_a of_o old_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o prodigious_a open_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o swallow_v up_o the_o inhabitant_n before_o the_o battle_n of_o actium_n some_o few_o year_n after_o it_o be_v thus_o take_v by_o caesar_n fanum_n be_v so_o call_v of_o a_o fair_a temple_n which_o be_v there_o build_v to_o fortune_n ital._n tacit._n annal._n 10._o exercitus_fw-la vespasiani_n ad_fw-la fanum_n fortunae_fw-la iter_fw-la sistit_fw-la the_o army_n of_o vespasian_n make_v a_o halt_n at_o the_o temple_n of_o fortune_n it_o be_v a_o small_a town_n on_o the_o same_o sea_n and_o belong_v to_o the_o pope_n ancona_n be_v a_o famous_a town_n upon_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n ancona_n site_v upon_o a_o bow-like_a promontory_n which_o take_v in_o the_o sea_n between_o two_o foreland_n and_o so_o make_v one_o of_o the_o fair_a havens_n of_o all_o italy_n as_o well_o for_o largeness_n as_o for_o safety_n from_o whence_o rise_v that_o common_a say_n express_v the_o rareness_n and_o singularity_n of_o three_o thing_n unus_n petrus_n in_o roma_n one_o peter_n in_o rome_n note_v the_o beauty_n of_o saint_n peter_n church_n una_fw-la turris_n in_o cremona_n one_o tower_n in_o cremona_n the_o excellent_a workmanship_n of_o a_o steeple_n there_o and_o unus_fw-la portus_n in_o ancona_n one_o haven_n in_o ancona_n which_o be_v this_o haven_n the_o emperor_n trajan_n to_o give_v it_o more_o shelter_n and_o keep_v it_o from_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o wind_n raise_v the_o top_n of_o the_o promontory_n in_o fashion_n of_o a_o half_a moon_n with_o a_o mount_n make_v of_o great_a marble_n stone_n and_o make_v it_o theatre-wise_a with_o descent_n and_o degree_n to_o go_v to_o the_o sea_n together_o with_o a_o ark_n triumphal_a in_o memory_n thereof_o the_o town_n be_v now_o under_o the_o pope_n the_o second_o observation_n this_o word_n decurio_fw-la have_v a_o double_a understanding_n decuriones_fw-la for_o romulus_n have_v 3000_o foot_n and_o 300_o horse_n divide_v they_o into_o three_o tribe_n and_o every_o tribe_n into_o ten_o curie_n contain_v a_o hundred_o footman_n and_o ten_o horseman_n whereby_o marcellinus_n conclude_v that_o decuriones_fw-la &_o centuriones_n à _fw-la numero_fw-la cui_fw-la in_o militia_n praeerant_fw-la dâcebantur_fw-la they_o be_v call_v decurion_n and_o centurion_n from_o the_o number_n they_o command_v in_o the_o war_n 14._o but_o vegetius_n be_v more_o particular_a in_o this_o point_n a_o company_n of_o footman_n say_v he_o be_v call_v a_o century_n or_o maniple_n and_o a_o troup_n of_o horse_n be_v call_v turma_fw-la of_o ter-denos_a contain_v thirty_o man_n whereof_o the_o captain_n be_v name_v decurio_fw-la gall._n in_o which_o sense_n caesar_n speak_v ea_fw-la res_fw-la per_fw-la fugitivos_fw-la l._n aemiliâ_n decurionis_n equitum_fw-la gallorum_n hostibus_fw-la nunciatur_fw-la this_o business_n be_v bewray_v to_o the_o enemy_n by_o the_o fugitive_n of_o l._n aemilius_n a_o decurion_n of_o the_o french_a horse_n but_o in_o this_o place_n it_o have_v another_o signification_n for_o the_o roman_n when_o they_o send_v any_o citizen_n to_o people_n and_o inhabit_v a_o place_n choose_v out_o every_o ten_o man_n such_o as_o be_v find_v most_o able_a and_o of_o best_a sufficiency_n to_o make_v and_o establish_v a_o public_a council_n who_o they_o call_v decuriones_fw-la according_o as_o pomponius_n and_o other_o civilian_n understand_v it_o so_o that_o these_o decuriones_fw-la be_v the_o senate_n of_o that_o place_n chap._n vii_o lentulus_n fly_v in_o great_a fear_n out_o of_o rome_n caesar_n come_v to_o coâfinium_n these_o thing_n be_v report_v at_o rome_n caesar_n the_o city_n be_v sudden_o strike_v into_o such_o a_o terror_n that_o when_o lentulus_n the_o consul_n come_v to_o open_v the_o treasury_n to_o deliver_v out_o money_n to_o pompey_n according_a to_o the_o act_n of_o senate_n he_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o city_n aerario_fw-la and_o leave_v the_o inner_a chamber_n of_o the_o treasury_n open_a for_o it_o be_v report_v although_o untrue_o that_o caesar_n be_v near_o approach_v and_o that_o his_o cavalry_n be_v hard_o at_o hand_n marcellus_n the_o other_o consul_n together_o with_o most_o of_o the_o other_o magistrate_n follow_v after_o pompey_n depart_v the_o day_n before_o be_v go_v to_o those_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v take_v from_o caesar_n and_o have_v leave_v in_o apulia_n to_o winter_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o inrollment_n of_o soldier_n cease_v within_o the_o city_n no_o place_n seem_v secure_a between_o that_o &_o capua_n capua_n there_o they_o begin_v first_o ot_fw-mi assemble_v and_o assure_v themselves_o impre_v for_o soldier_n such_o as_o by_o julius_n law_n be_v send_v thither_o to_o inhabit_v juliâ_n and_o the_o fencer_n which_o be_v there_o train_v and_o exercise_v by_o caesar_n for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n be_v by_o lentulus_n bring_v out_o set_v at_o liberty_n mount_v upon_o horse_n and_o command_v to_o follow_v he_o but_o afterward_o upon_o advice_n of_o his_o friend_n every_o man_n judgement_n disallow_v thereof_o he_o disperse_v they_o here_o and_o there_o throughout_o campania_n for_o their_o better_a safety_n and_o keep_n caesar_n dislodging_n from_o auximum_n march_v throughout_o all_o the_o country_n of_o picenum_n picenum_n and_o be_v most_o willing_o receive_v by_o all_o the_o praefecture_n of_o those_o region_n and_o relieve_v with_o all_o necessary_n which_o his_o soldier_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o insomuch_o as_o commissioner_n be_v send_v unto_o he_o from_o cingulum_n cingulum_n a_o town_n which_o labienus_n have_v found_v and_o build_v from_o the_o ground_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n promise_v to_o obey_v whatsoever_o he_o command_v whereupon_o he_o require_v soldier_n and_o they_o send_v they_o according_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o twelve_o legion_n overtake_v caesar_n and_o with_o these_o two_o he_o march_v direct_o to_o asculum_n asculum_n a_o town_n which_o lentulus_n spinther_n hold_v with_o ten_o cohort_n who_o understand_v of_o caesar_n approach_n leave_v the_o place_n and_o labour_v to_o carry_v the_o troop_n with_o he_o be_v forsake_v by_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o so_o march_v with_o a_o few_o happen_v by_o chance_n upon_o vibullius_n rufus_n send_v of_o purpose_n by_o pompey_n into_o the_o country_n of_o picenum_n to_o confirm_v and_o settle_v the_o people_n vibullius_n be_v advertise_v how_o matter_n go_v there_o take_v the_o soldier_n and_o so_o dismiss_v he_o of_o his_o charge_n gather_v likewise_o from_o the_o confine_a region_n what_o cohort_n he_o can_v get_v from_o pompey_n former_a inrollment_n and_o among_o other_o entertain_v ulcille_n hirus_n hirus_n fly_v with_o six_o cohort_n out_o of_o camerinum_n camerinum_n whereof_o he_o have_v the_o keep_n these_o be_v all_o put_v together_o make_v thirteen_o cohort_n with_o which_o by_o long_a
as_o be_v of_o use_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o town_n but_o he_o himself_o confer_v secret_o with_o some_o of_o his_o familiar_a friend_n consult_v how_o he_o may_v escape_v away_o but_o forasmuch_o as_o his_o look_n agree_v not_o with_o his_o word_n and_o that_o his_o carriage_n seem_v more_o trouble_v and_o timorous_a then_o usual_a and_o likewise_o his_o secret_a conference_n with_o his_o friend_n be_v more_o than_o ordinary_a as_o also_o by_o his_o avoid_n of_o public_a counsel_n and_o assembly_n as_o much_o as_o he_o can_v the_o matter_n can_v be_v no_o long_o dissemble_v for_o pompey_n have_v write_v back_o that_o he_o will_v not_o hazard_v the_o cause_n by_o draw_v it_o into_o such_o term_n of_o extremity_n neither_o be_v domitius_n engage_v in_o the_o keep_n of_o coâfinium_n by_o his_o advice_n or_o consent_n and_o therefore_o if_o by_o any_o mean_n he_o can_v he_o shall_v quit_v the_o place_n and_o bring_v the_o force_n unto_o he_o but_o the_o siege_n be_v so_o straight_o and_o the_o work_n do_v so_o begird_v the_o town_n that_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o effect_v it_o domitius_n purpose_n be_v know_v abroad_o the_o soldier_n within_o the_o town_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o evening_n forsake_v their_o station_n and_o draw_v themselves_o apart_o and_o thereupon_o have_v conference_n with_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o centurion_n to_o this_o effect_n that_o they_o be_v besiege_v by_o caesar_n who_o work_n and_o fortification_n be_v almost_o finish_v their_o general_n domitius_n in_o hope_n and_o confidence_n of_o who_o they_o be_v engage_v in_o that_o place_n set_v aside_o all_o matter_n whatsoever_o be_v bethink_v himself_o how_o he_o may_v escape_v and_o fly_v away_o and_o in_o regard_n thereof_o they_o be_v not_o to_o neglect_v their_o own_o safety_n the_o marsi_n at_o first_o begin_v to_o differ_v from_o the_o rest_n upon_o that_o point_n &_o possess_v themselves_o of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o town_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v strong_a and_o such_o a_o dissension_n thereby_o grow_v among_o they_o that_o they_o have_v almost_o go_v to_o blow_n howbeit_o understand_v a_o while_n after_o by_o messenger_n which_o pass_v to_o and_o fro_o between_o they_o of_o domitius_n purpose_n to_o flâe_v away_o whereof_o former_o they_o be_v ignorant_a they_o agree_v together_o and_o with_o one_o consent_n bring_v domitius_n out_o into_o open_a public_a and_o send_v some_o to_o caesar_n to_o let_v he_o know_v they_o be_v ready_a to_o open_v the_o gate_n to_o receive_v his_o commandment_n and_o to_o deliver_v domitius_n alive_a into_o his_o hand_n upon_o advertisement_n whereof_o albeit_o caesar_n find_v it_o a_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n to_o gain_v the_o town_n with_o as_o much_o speed_n as_o he_o can_v and_o to_o take_v the_o soldier_n into_o his_o camp_n lest_o either_o by_o large_a promise_n and_o gift_n or_o by_o entertain_v other_o purpose_n or_o otherwise_o through_o false_a bruâts_n or_o deuâsed_v message_n their_o mind_n may_v happy_o be_v alter_v as_o oftentimes_o in_o the_o course_n of_o war_n great_a and_o eminent_a chance_n and_o alteration_n do_v happen_v in_o a_o small_a moment_n of_o time_n yet_o for_o that_o he_o fear_v lest_o the_o nighttime_n may_v give_v occasion_n to_o the_o soldier_n upon_o their_o entrance_n to_o sack_n and_o pilfer_v the_o town_n he_o commend_v those_o that_o come_v unto_o he_o send_v they_o back_o again_o and_o will_v that_o the_o gate_n and_o the_o wall_n shall_v be_v keep_v with_o a_o good_a guard_n he_o himself_o dispose_v the_o soldier_n upon_o the_o work_n which_o he_o have_v begin_v not_o by_o certain_a space_n and_o distance_n as_o he_o have_v accustom_v in_o former_a time_n but_o by_o continual_a watch_n and_o station_n one_o touch_v another_o round_n about_o all_o the_o fortification_n moreover_o he_o send_v the_o tribune_n and_o captain_n of_o the_o horse_n about_o and_o will_v they_o to_o have_v a_o care_n that_o there_o may_v be_v no_o eruption_n or_o sally_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v look_v to_o the_o private_a slippings_fw-mi out_o of_o particular_a man_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o man_n so_o heavy_a or_o dull_a that_o suffer_v his_o eye_n to_o be_v shut_v that_o night_n for_o so_o great_a be_v the_o expectation_n of_o what_o will_v ensue_v that_o no_o man_n think_v of_o any_o other_o thing_n then_o of_o what_o will_v happen_v to_o the_o corfinians_n to_o domitius_n to_o lentulus_n and_o the_o rest_n about_o the_o four_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n spinther_n lentulus_n spinther_n speak_v from_o the_o wall_n to_o our_o soldier_n that_o have_v the_o watch_n and_o signify_v that_o he_o will_v willing_o have_v leave_n to_o come_v to_o caesar_n which_o be_v grant_v he_o be_v send_v out_o of_o the_o town_n attend_v with_o some_o of_o domitius_n his_o soldier_n who_o leave_v he_o not_o until_o he_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o caesar_n with_o he_o he_o deal_v concern_v his_o life_n and_o praâed_v he_o to_o pardon_v he_o put_v he_o in_o mind_n of_o their_o former_a familiarity_n acknowledge_v the_o favour_n receive_v from_o caesar_n which_o be_v very_o great_a namely_o that_o by_o his_o mean_n pontiââum_fw-la he_o be_v choose_v into_o the_o college_n of_o priest_n that_o upon_o the_o go_v out_o of_o his_o praetorship_n he_o obtain_v the_o province_n of_o spain_n and_o in_o his_o suit_n to_o be_v consul_n he_o be_v much_o assist_v by_o he_o caesar_n interrupt_v his_o speech_n tell_v he_o that_o he_o come_v not_o from_o his_o government_n to_o hurt_v any_o man_n but_o to_o defend_v himself_o from_o the_o injury_n of_o his_o adversary_n to_o restore_v the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n to_o their_o dignity_n that_o be_v thrust_v out_o and_o expel_v the_o city_n and_o to_o put_v himself_o and_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n into_o liberty_n which_o be_v oppress_v with_o the_o partiality_n of_o a_o few_o factious_a person_n lentulus_n be_v reassure_v upon_o this_o answer_n pray_v leave_v to_o return_v into_o the_o town_n and_o the_o rather_o that_o this_o which_o he_o have_v obtain_v touch_v his_o own_o safety_n may_v give_v hope_n to_o the_o rest_n among_o who_o some_o be_v so_o affright_v that_o be_v doubt_v they_o will_v fall_v into_o some_o desperate_a course_n and_o have_v obtain_v leave_n he_o depart_v caesar_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v day_n command_v all_o the_o senator_n and_o senator_n child_n together_o with_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o the_o roman_a knight_n to_o be_v bring_v out_o unto_o he_o of_o senator_n there_o be_v l._n domitus_fw-la p._n lentulus_n spinther_n vibullius_n rufus_n sex_n quintilius_n varus_n the_o treasurer_n l._n rubrius_n beside_o domitius_n his_o son_n and_o many_o other_o young_a man_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o roman_a knight_n and_o decurion_n who_o domitius_n have_v call_v out_o of_o the_o municipal_a to_n these_o be_v all_o bring_v forth_o unto_o he_o be_v protect_v from_o the_o insolence_n and_o injury_n of_o the_o soldier_n moreover_o he_o speak_v a_o few_o word_n unto_o they_o concern_v the_o ill_a requital_n on_o their_o behalf_n for_o the_o great_a benefit_n he_o have_v do_v unto_o they_o and_o so_o send_v they_o all_o away_o in_o peace_n the_o sixty_o sestertia_fw-la of_o gold_n which_o domitius_n have_v lay_v up_o in_o the_o public_a treasury_n be_v bring_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o two_o chief_a magistrate_n or_o baâlifs_n of_o corfinium_n duumvirâ_n he_o redeliver_v to_o domitius_n lest_o he_o shall_v seem_v more_o continent_n in_o take_v away_o man_n life_n than_o their_o money_n although_o he_o know_v that_o this_o money_n be_v part_n of_o the_o public_a treasure_n and_o deliver_v out_o by_o pompey_n to_o pay_v soldier_n he_o command_v domitius_n his_o party_n to_o be_v swear_v his_o soldier_n and_o that_o day_n remove_v his_o camp_n go_v a_o full_a day_n march_v after_o a_o stay_n of_o seven_o day_n about_o corfinium_n through_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o marrucini_n frentani_n and_o larinate_v and_o come_v into_o apulia_n the_o first_o observation_n as_o it_o be_v true_a regula_n that_o a_o friend_n be_v not_o sole_o tie_v to_o the_o respect_n of_o right_a but_o do_v give_v more_o advantage_n by_o office_n of_o good_a endeavour_n then_o by_o that_o which_o duty_n require_v so_o be_v it_o dangerous_a for_o a_o man_n to_o put_v his_o âickle_n further_o into_o a_o harvest_n than_o haply_o may_v deserve_v thanks_o of_o the_o owner_n curare_fw-la neither_o can_v it_o be_v clear_v from_o imputation_n of_o folly_n to_o care_v another_o man_n business_n with_o hazard_n and_o peril_n of_o our_o own_o fortune_n howbeit_o the_o current_n and_o drift_n of_o thing_n do_v oftentimes_o so_o engage_v both_o our_o person_n and_o affection_n jugurth_n either_o in_o the_o main_a action_n itself_o or_o in_o some_o circumstance_n of_o the_o same_o that_o we_o
expectation_n of_o ship_v to_o follow_v that_o course_n which_o otherwise_o have_v be_v without_o exception_n in_o the_o carriage_n whereof_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o as_o upon_o the_o first_o break_v out_o of_o these_o trouble_n they_o scamble_v for_o the_o town_n of_o italy_n and_o seek_v to_o strengthen_v their_o party_n by_o such_o as_o have_v no_o voice_n in_o the_o grand_a chapter_n of_o the_o senate_n 1._o but_o only_o injoâed_v the_o benefit_n of_o municipal_a right_n so_o now_o be_v part_v asunder_o and_o the_o contagion_n of_o this_o intestine_a evil_n spread_v abroad_o and_o grow_v to_o more_o ripeness_n they_o make_v like_o haste_n to_o fasten_v upon_o the_o remote_a province_n wherein_o caesar_n have_v the_o better_a portion_n for_o in_o his_o share_n be_v contain_v italia_n gallia_n britannia_n hispania_n sicilia_n which_o be_v the_o prime_a country_n of_o europe_n be_v consequent_o the_o flour_n of_o that_o empire_n for_o that_o europe_n have_v ever_o be_v take_v for_o the_o principal_a and_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o second_o observation_n second_o we_o may_v observe_v in_o cato_n the_o effect_n of_o a_o stoical_a or_o formal_a spirit_n which_o be_v more_o valuable_a in_o the_o easiness_n of_o peace_n then_o in_o the_o difficulty_n of_o war_n for_o howsoever_o he_o make_v show_v of_o bestirring_a himself_o in_o rig_v and_o trim_v up_o the_o galley_n of_o his_o province_n command_v more_o to_o be_v build_v raise_v new_a troop_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o prosecute_a his_o command_n with_o purpose_n of_o a_o exact_a account_n yet_o in_o the_o end_n understand_v of_o curio_n his_o come_n he_o spend_v his_o fury_n in_o complain_v of_o his_o friend_n and_o lay_v the_o cause_n of_o those_o garboil_n upon_o he_o who_o by_o election_n and_o consent_n he_o have_v former_o set_v up_o to_o make_v head_n against_o such_o as_o otherwise_o may_v be_v suppose_v will_v have_v contain_v themselves_o in_o a_o better_a measure_n of_o moderation_n chap._n xii_o caesar_n go_v to_o rome_n and_o call_v a_o senate_n complain_v of_o the_o injury_n do_v unto_o he_o these_o thing_n be_v end_v caesar_n that_o the_o soldier_n may_v for_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o time_n be_v a_o little_a ease_v and_o refresh_v caesar_n bring_v they_o back_o into_o the_o next_o municipal_a town_n he_o himself_o go_v direct_o to_o the_o city_n and_o have_v call_v a_o senate_n he_o lay_v open_v the_o injury_n and_o wrong_n offer_v unto_o he_o by_o his_o adversary_n show_v they_o that_o he_o never_o seek_v honour_n in_o the_o state_n by_o extraordinary_a mean_n only_o he_o look_v to_o have_v enjoy_v the_o full_a time_n of_o his_o consulship_n and_o therewith_o to_o have_v be_v content_v which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o any_o citizen_n may_v stand_v for_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n have_v require_v that_o consideration_n may_v be_v have_v of_o he_o in_o his_o absence_n notwithstanding_o the_o opposition_n of_o his_o enemy_n and_o cato_n his_o bitter_a resistance_n spend_v the_o time_n after_o his_o old_a manner_n with_o long_a and_o tedious_a speech_n which_o if_o pompey_n be_v consul_n have_v dislike_v why_o do_v he_o suffer_v that_o to_o pass_v which_o be_v enact_v but_o if_o then_o he_o do_v allow_v and_o like_v of_o it_o what_o reason_n have_v he_o to_o hinder_v he_o from_o enjoy_v a_o benefit_n which_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v bestow_v upon_o he_o from_o that_o he_o fall_v to_o speak_v of_o his_o patience_n which_o appear_v in_o that_o of_o his_o own_o accord_n he_o move_v that_o either_o party_n may_v quit_v their_o force_n which_o may_v have_v be_v very_o prââdiciall_a to_o his_o honour_n and_o dignity_n declare_v what_o have_v be_v the_o malice_n and_o bitterness_n of_o his_o adversary_n who_o refuse_v to_o do_v that_o themselves_o which_o they_o require_v of_o another_o man_n choose_v rather_o to_o imbroile_n and_o confound_v the_o whole_a state_n then_o to_o forgo_v the_o command_n of_o a_o army_n speak_v at_o large_a as_o well_o of_o the_o wrong_n do_v unto_o he_o by_o take_v the_o two_o legion_n from_o he_o as_o also_o for_o their_o hard_a and_o insolent_a deal_n in_o put_v the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n by_o their_o place_n and_o authority_n he_o forget_v not_o likewise_o to_o relate_v the_o condition_n which_o he_o propound_v the_o conference_n which_o he_o desire_v and_o will_v not_o be_v grant_v in_o regard_v whereof_o he_o pray_v and_o require_v that_o they_o will_v take_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o commonweal_n and_o give_v a_o help_a hand_n to_o he_o for_o the_o government_n thereof_o but_o if_o they_o shall_v upon_o any_o doubt_n or_o mistrust_v refuse_v to_o join_v with_o he_o he_o will_v not_o much_o importune_v they_o but_o will_v take_v it_o into_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v commissioner_n be_v send_v to_o pompey_n to_o treat_v of_o peace_n neither_o do_v he_o respect_v what_o pompey_n a_o little_a before_o have_v say_v in_o the_o senate_n that_o to_o who_o soever_o ambassador_n be_v send_v to_o such_o seem_v to_o be_v ascribe_v authority_n and_o preeminence_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a part_n such_o as_o send_v they_o manifest_v a_o apprehension_n of_o fear_n for_o these_o be_v argument_n of_o pusillanimity_n for_o his_o part_n as_o he_o have_v go_v beyond_o he_o in_o deed_n of_o arm_n and_o noble_a act_n so_o will_v he_o in_o like_a manner_n endeavour_v to_o excel_v he_o in_o justice_n and_o equity_n the_o senator_n be_v well_o please_v that_o ambassador_n shall_v be_v send_v but_o there_o be_v no_o man_n find_v that_o will_v go_v every_o man_n refuse_v in_o particular_a for_o fear_v of_o pompey_n who_o upon_o his_o departure_n from_o rome_n have_v say_v in_o the_o senate_n that_o he_o will_v hold_v he_o that_o stay_v at_o rome_n in_o the_o same_o condition_n with_o they_o that_o be_v in_o caesar_n camp_n so_o that_o three_o day_n be_v spend_v in_o debate_n and_o excuse_n l._n metellus_n metellus_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n be_v draw_v by_o caesar_n adversary_n to_o protract_v the_o time_n and_o to_o hinder_v any_o matter_n which_o caesar_n shall_v propound_v unto_o they_o the_o first_o observation_n first_o we_o may_v observe_v how_o irksome_a it_o be_v to_o humane_a nature_n for_o he_o that_o have_v taste_v the_o sweetness_n of_o authority_n to_o forgo_v the_o reins_o of_o command_n and_o again_o to_o inrolle_v his_o name_n in_o the_o list_n of_o common_a duty_n descend_v from_o the_o throne_n of_o sovereignty_n to_o the_o condition_n of_o obedience_n and_o to_o lose_v his_o eminency_n in_o respectless_a equality_n especial_o ãâã_d if_o the_o honour_n be_v military_a and_o of_o martial_a nature_n for_o that_o fasten_v on_o we_o with_o a_o strong_a hold_n than_o any_o other_o power_n be_v less_o capable_a of_o moderation_n and_o wait_v on_o with_o the_o eye_n and_o expectation_n of_o present_a and_o future_a age_n whereby_o man_n grow_v desperate_o jealous_a of_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o world_n and_o can_v endure_v to_o quit_v themselves_o of_o that_o care_n although_o they_o have_v attain_v to_o the_o full_a time_n of_o their_o deliverance_n but_o to_o be_v supplant_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o so_o glorious_a a_o race_n or_o to_o be_v pull_v out_o of_o the_o seat_n of_o magistracy_n by_o a_o abortive_a miscarriage_n be_v able_a to_o enrage_v a_o ambitious_a spirit_n so_o far_o beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o modesty_n that_o it_o will_v not_o spare_v any_o endeavour_n to_o confound_v the_o great_a empire_n with_o irrecoverable_a calamity_n the_o second_o observation_n second_o we_o may_v observe_v the_o disposition_n of_o those_o senator_n that_o by_o their_o stay_n at_o rome_n become_v neutral_a in_o that_o faction_n and_o thereupon_o refuse_v either_o to_o take_v caesar_n command_n or_o to_o present_v themselves_o to_o pompey_n as_o mediator_n of_o peace_n plutarch_n have_v two_o reason_n why_o the_o senator_n will_v undertake_v no_o such_o matter_n of_o commission_n as_o be_v require_v by_o caesar_n the_o first_o be_v this_o which_o be_v here_o express_v horus_n every_o man_n fear_v the_o displeasure_n of_o pompey_n who_o at_o his_o departure_n from_o rome_n have_v protest_v to_o hold_v they_o for_o enemy_n that_o go_v not_o along_o with_o he_o whereas_o caesar_n censure_v their_o forbearance_n with_o better_a advantage_n to_o himself_o and_o take_v their_o neutralitie_n as_o a_o argument_n of_o become_v his_o follower_n the_o other_o reason_n which_o plutarch_n avouch_v be_v the_o opinion_n which_o the_o senator_n have_v of_o caesar_n double_a deal_n as_o not_o carry_v his_o heart_n in_o his_o mouth_n but_o pretend_v that_o which_o he_o never_o mean_v for_o they_o can_v not_o be_v persuade_v that_o his_o end_n be_v a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n or_o such_o a_o peace_n with_o pompey_n as_o shall_v have_v keep_v on_o foot_n
their_o ancient_a liberty_n but_o seek_v rather_o pretext_n of_o good_a meaning_n to_o colour_v his_o design_n of_o make_v rome_n his_o servant_n howsoever_o we_o may_v not_o omit_v what_o be_v report_v to_o have_v happen_v between_o he_o and_o metellus_n more_o than_o he_o himself_o speak_v of_o for_o go_v about_o to_o take_v money_n out_o of_o the_o treasury_n he_o be_v there_o stout_o resist_v by_o this_o metellus_n of_o who_o he_o complain_v allege_v the_o law_n and_o act_n of_o the_o state_n forbid_v any_o man_n to_o touch_v that_o money_n but_o in_o such_o time_n of_o extremity_n as_o be_v therein_o express_v to_o which_o caesar_n answer_v that_o those_o law_n be_v only_o make_v for_o time_n of_o peace_n but_o now_o arm_n and_o war_n require_v another_o course_n of_o proceed_v nevertheless_o metellus_n âodem_fw-la will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o break_v open_a the_o door_n until_o caesar_n advise_v he_o to_o be_v go_v if_o he_o love_v his_o life_n for_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o he_o to_o dispatch_v he_o then_o to_o speak_v it_o and_o so_o enter_v and_o carry_v away_o the_o treasure_n whereupon_o grow_v that_o of_o florus_n censum_fw-la &_o patrimonium_fw-la populi_fw-la romani_fw-la ante_fw-la rapuit_fw-la quam_fw-la imperium_fw-la he_o carry_v away_o the_o treasure_n and_o patrimony_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n before_o he_o get_v the_o empire_n and_o appian_n deride_v the_o scrupulositie_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_n that_o will_v not_o touch_v that_o treasure_n but_o in_o extremity_n of_o war_n against_o the_o celiae_fw-la or_o gall_n say_v that_o caesar_n may_v lawful_o take_v it_o for_o that_o he_o have_v vanquish_v and_o subdue_v the_o gall_n whereby_o the_o roman_n have_v no_o further_a cause_n to_o fear_v they_o chap._n xiii_o caesar_n leave_v the_o city_n go_v into_o gallia_n and_o treat_v with_o the_o marseillian_o caesar_n perceive_v their_o resolution_n caesar_n after_o he_o have_v spend_v there_o in_o vain_a some_o few_o day_n that_o he_o may_v not_o lose_v any_o more_o time_n and_o leave_v those_o thing_n undo_v which_o he_o purposely_o intend_v he_o leave_v the_o city_n and_o go_v into_o the_o further_a gallia_n upon_o his_o arrival_n there_o he_o understand_v that_o pompey_n have_v send_v into_o spain_n vibullius_n rufus_n who_o caesar_n have_v a_o little_a before_o take_v at_o corfinium_n and_o dismiss_v he_o and_o that_o domitius_n likewise_o be_v go_v to_o take_v marseilles_n with_o eight_o galley_n which_o he_o set_v out_o from_o sicilia_n and_o sardinia_n and_o man_v they_o with_o slave_n man_n enfranchise_v and_o his_o own_o husbandman_n send_v as_o messenger_n before_o certain_a young_a nobleman_n of_o marseilles_n with_o who_o pompey_n upon_o his_o departure_n from_o the_o city_n have_v earnest_o deal_v that_o caesar_n new_a favour_n may_v not_o put_v out_o of_o their_o remembrance_n the_o old_a benefit_n which_o he_o have_v do_v unto_o they_o those_o of_o marseilles_n have_v receive_v this_o message_n shut_v their_o gate_n against_o caesar_n call_v into_o the_o city_n the_o albicans_fw-la barbarous_a and_o mountainous_a people_n who_o of_o ancient_a time_n have_v hold_v amity_n with_o they_o and_o dwell_v upon_o the_o hill_n above_o marseilles_n bring_v corn_n from_o all_o the_o adjacent_a region_n and_o castle_n into_o the_o town_n set_v up_o office_n and_o forge_n to_o make_v arm_n repair_v both_o their_o wall_n their_o navy_n and_o their_o gate_n caesar_n call_v out_o unto_o he_o some_o fifteen_o of_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o marseilles_n &_o treat_v with_o they_o that_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o war_n may_v not_o grow_v from_o that_o town_n who_o shall_v rather_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o all_o italy_n then_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o will_n of_o any_o one_o man_n not_o omit_v such_o other_o persuasion_n as_o he_o think_v pertinent_a to_o a_o sound_a resolution_n these_o man_n report_v at_o marseilles_n what_o caesar_n have_v deliver_v and_o by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o town_n return_v this_o answer_n that_o they_o understand_v that_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n neither_o be_v it_o in_o they_o to_o judge_v or_o can_v they_o discern_v which_o of_o the_o two_o be_v in_o the_o right_n the_o leader_n of_o these_o two_o faction_n be_v pompey_n and_o caesar_n both_o special_a patron_n and_o benefactor_n to_o their_o city_n of_o who_o one_o have_v augment_v the_o public_a revenue_n of_o the_o state_n and_o endow_v it_o with_o the_o land_n and_o territory_n of_o the_o volcae_n arecâmici_n and_o the_o helvij_n the_o other_o have_v conquer_v and_o subdue_v marseilles_n gallia_n give_v it_o unto_o they_o whereby_o their_o tributary_n income_n be_v much_o augment_v and_o therefore_o as_o they_o be_v equal_o bind_v to_o both_o for_o their_o favour_n so_o will_v they_o carry_v to_o both_o a_o equal_a respect_n not_o aid_v either_o of_o they_o against_o the_o other_o or_o receive_v they_o within_o their_o gate_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v in_o handle_v domitius_n arrive_v at_o marseilles_n with_o his_o ship_n and_o be_v receive_v in_o be_v make_v governor_n of_o the_o city_n and_o have_v the_o whole_a direction_n of_o the_o war_n commit_v unto_o he_o by_o his_o appointment_n the_o âleet_n be_v send_v out_o into_o all_o coast_n and_o such_o ship_n of_o burden_n as_o they_o find_v they_o bring_v in_o the_o nail_n timber_n and_o tackle_v whereof_o they_o take_v to_o mend_v and_o rig_v out_o other_o ship_n what_o corn_n soever_o be_v find_v in_o the_o city_n be_v bring_v in_o public_a keep_n reserve_v the_o surplus_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n for_o a_o siege_n as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v caâsar_n provoke_v with_o these_o injury_n bring_v three_o legion_n to_o marseilles_n determine_v to_o make_v tower_n and_o mantelet_n ready_a for_o a_o assault_n and_o to_o build_v twelve_o new_a galley_n at_o arles_n which_o be_v arm_v rig_v finish_v and_o bring_v to_o marseilles_n within_o thirty_o day_n after_o the_o timber_n be_v cut_v down_o of_o these_o he_o make_v d._n brutus_n admiral_n and_o leave_v c._n trebonius_n to_o follow_v the_o siege_n observation_n from_o the_o marseillian_o we_o may_v learn_v that_o it_o be_v far_o easy_a to_o say_v well_o then_o to_o do_v well_o for_o howsoever_o they_o be_v able_a to_o discern_v the_o truth_n and_o to_o give_v a_o answer_n to_o caesar_n well-beseeming_a the_o fame_n and_o opinion_n of_o their_o literature_n and_o knowledge_n 4._o be_v a_o academy_n little_a inferior_a to_o the_o best_a and_o in_o late_a time_n more_o frequent_v by_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o study_n of_o oratory_n and_o philosophy_n than_o athens_n or_o any_o other_o such_o chief_a seat_n of_o the_o muse_n yet_o in_o their_o action_n they_o disavow_v all_o take_v upon_o they_o most_o unreasonable_o to_o arbitrate_v those_o difference_n and_o to_o show_v their_o opinion_n of_o the_o quarrel_n 3._o by_o take_v part_n with_o one_o faction_n wherein_o their_o error_n the_o more_o appear_v in_o that_o the_o party_n grieve_v be_v not_o liable_a to_o their_o award_n but_o rather_o have_v occasion_n to_o gain_v thereby_o a_o double_a honour_n to_o himself_o first_o by_o force_v they_o and_o then_o by_o pardon_v their_o rashness_n and_o yet_o some_o writer_n do_v think_v they_o do_v no_o more_o than_o they_o be_v tie_v unto_o by_o former_a treaty_n and_o league_n with_o the_o empire_n which_o they_o take_v to_o consist_v in_o pompey_n party_n whereof_o they_o be_v loyal_a and_o zealous_a confederate_n as_o appear_v by_o their_o love_n when_o rome_n be_v take_v by_o the_o gall_n for_o have_v news_n thereof_o and_o understanding_n of_o the_o composition_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n from_o the_o capitol_n they_o provide_v all_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n they_o can_v get_v and_o send_v it_o to_o rome_n for_o that_o service_n in_o regard_v whereof_o they_o be_v endow_v with_o many_o privilege_n and_o immunity_n both_o in_o the_o city_n and_o elsewhere_o in_o the_o empire_n howsoever_o their_o hap_n be_v to_o respect_v more_o a_o exact_a observance_n of_o what_o have_v pass_v than_o the_o fatal_a succeed_a course_n of_o thing_n draw_v upon_o they_o a_o sharp_a and_o bitter_a war_n whereof_o they_o can_v not_o be_v free_v but_o by_o submit_v themselves_o to_o his_o mercy_n who_o they_o have_v reject_v and_o thus_o we_o see_v verify_v that_o of_o the_o poet_n horace_n quicquid_fw-la delirant_fw-la reges_fw-la plectuntur_fw-la achivi_fw-la king_n play_v the_o fool_n and_o the_o poor_a people_n suffer_v which_o imply_v also_o how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v for_o man_n of_o authority_n and_o employment_n to_o be_v subject_a to_o wilful_a ambition_n for_o as_o their_o service_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n to_o government_n when_o it_o be_v attend_v with_o well_o qualify_a affection_n so_o be_v their_o motion_n as_o fearful_a which_o
and_o in_o every_o order_n there_o be_v a_o centurion_n or_o captain_n these_o order_n be_v distinguish_v by_o the_o number_n of_o the_o first_o second_o three_o and_o so_o consequent_o unto_o the_o ten_o order_n which_o be_v the_o last_o and_o low_a of_o each_o of_o these_o three_o kind_n so_o that_o this_o q._n fulginius_n here_o mention_v be_v centurion_n of_o the_o first_o and_o prime_a order_n of_o the_o hastati_fw-la and_o t._n caecilius_n centurion_n of_o the_o first_o order_n of_o the_o triarii_n which_o by_o excellency_n be_v call_v primipilus_fw-la or_o the_o leader_n of_o the_o first_o company_n of_o a_o legion_n now_o concern_v their_o imbattel_v we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o according_a to_o this_o former_a division_n of_o hastati_fw-la principes_fw-la and_o triarii_n upon_o occasion_n of_o fight_n they_o make_v a_o triple_a battle_n one_o stand_v in_o front_n to_o another_o which_o we_o call_v the_o vanguard_n battle_n and_o rearward_n whereof_o the_o hastati_fw-la be_v call_v antesignani_fw-la antesignani_fw-la not_o for_o that_o they_o have_v no_o ensign_n of_o their_o own_o for_o every_o maniple_n have_v a_o ensign_n but_o because_o they_o stand_v imbattel_v before_o the_o eagle_n and_o other_o the_o chief_a ensign_n of_o the_o legion_n 22._o to_o which_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o livy_n pugnaorta_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la illa_fw-la ordinata_fw-la per_fw-la hastatos_fw-la principesque_fw-la &_o triarios_fw-la nec_fw-la ut_fw-la pro_fw-la signis_fw-la antesignanus_fw-la post_fw-la signa_fw-la alia_fw-la pugnaret_fw-la acies_fw-la the_o fight_n begin_v not_o a_o regular_a fight_n by_o hastati_fw-la principes_fw-la and_o triarii_fw-la nor_o in_o that_o orderlinesse_n that_o the_o antesignani_fw-la fight_v before_o the_o ensign_n and_o another_o battle_n behind_o the_o ensign_n and_o again_o 9_o cadunt_fw-la antesignani_fw-la &_o ne_fw-la nudentur_fw-la propugnatoribus_fw-la signa_fw-la sit_fw-la ex_fw-la secunda_fw-la prima_fw-la acies_fw-la the_o antesignani_fw-la be_v cut_v down_o so_o that_o lest_o the_o ensign_n shall_v be_v leât_o naked_a of_o defendant_n the_o second_o battle_n be_v make_v the_o first_o whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o most_o of_o the_o chief_a ensign_n be_v with_o the_o principes_fw-la which_o be_v call_v subsignani_fw-la as_o the_o triarii_fw-la post_fw-la signani_fw-la among_o other_o benefit_n of_o these_o so_o particular_a division_n of_o a_o army_n that_o be_v not_o the_o least_o which_o be_v note_v by_o thucydides_n 5._o ut_fw-la jussa_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la brevi_fw-la spacio_fw-la ad_fw-la singulos_fw-la milites_fw-la deferri_fw-la possent_fw-la the_o command_n of_o the_o general_n be_v thereby_o sudden_o transmit_v to_o every_o particular_a soldier_n chap._n xvii_o caesar_n bring_v into_o great_a extremity_n by_o overflow_a of_o two_o river_n the_o enemy_n fortify_v the_o mount_n for_o which_o they_o contend_v caesar_n with_o great_a and_o strong_a work_n and_o there_o put_v a_o garrison_n in_o the_o space_n of_o those_o two_o day_n that_o these_o thing_n be_v in_o do_v there_o fall_v out_o upon_o a_o sudden_a a_o great_a inconvenience_n for_o such_o a_o tempest_n happen_v that_o the_o like_a water_n be_v never_o see_v in_o those_o place_n and_o further_o beside_o the_o snow_n come_v down_o so_o abundant_o from_o the_o hill_n that_o it_o overflow_v the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n and_o in_o one_o day_n break_v down_o both_o the_o bridge_n which_o fabius_n have_v make_v and_o thereby_o bring_v caesar_n into_o great_a extremity_n for_o as_o it_o be_v former_o relate_v the_o camp_n lie_v between_o two_o river_n magnus_fw-la sicoris_n and_o cinga_n and_o within_o thirty_o mile_n neither_o of_o these_o river_n be_v passable_a so_o that_o all_o the_o army_n be_v of_o necessity_n coup_v up_o in_o that_o straightness_n neither_o can_v the_o city_n which_o have_v former_o range_v themselves_o with_o caesar_n party_n furnish_v any_o supply_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n nor_o such_o of_o the_o army_n as_o have_v go_v far_o for_o forage_v be_v hinder_v by_o the_o river_n can_v return_v to_o the_o camp_n nor_o yet_o the_o great_a convote_n and_o reenforcement_n come_v to_o he_o out_o of_o italy_n and_o gallia_n can_v get_v to_o the_o camp_n the_o time_n of_o year_n be_v very_o hard_o for_o there_o be_v neither_o old_a corn_n leave_v of_o their_o winter_n provision_n nor_o that_o on_o the_o ground_n be_v as_o yet_o ripe_a the_o city_n and_o town_n near_o about_o be_v all_o empty_v for_o afranius_n before_o caesar_n come_n have_v cause_v all_o the_o corn_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o ilerda_n and_o that_o which_o remain_v be_v since_o caesar_n come_v all_o spend_v and_o for_o cattle_n which_o may_v have_v relieve_v this_o necessity_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o war_n they_o be_v remove_v by_o the_o border_a town_n and_o carry_v far_o off_o such_o as_o be_v go_v out_o to_o forage_v and_o to_o seek_v corn_n be_v by_o the_o light-armed_n portugall_n and_o the_o buckler-bearer_n of_o the_o hither_o spain_n much_o trouble_v and_o molest_v for_o these_o man_n can_v easy_o pass_v the_o river_n forasmuch_o as_o none_o of_o they_o use_v to_o go_v to_o war_n without_o bladder_n for_o that_o purpose_n on_o the_o contrary_a part_n afranius_n abound_v with_o all_o necessary_a provision_n great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n be_v former_o provide_v and_o store_v up_o much_o be_v bring_v in_o from_o all_o the_o province_n round_o about_o there_o be_v also_o great_a plenty_n of_o forage_n in_o his_o camp_n for_o the_o bridge_n at_o ilerda_n afford_v mean_n of_o all_o these_o thing_n without_o danger_n and_o the_o country_n beyond_o the_o river_n be_v whole_a and_o untouched_a which_o caesar_n can_v not_o come_v unto_o by_o any_o mean_n the_o water_n continue_v for_o many_o day_n together_o caesar_n use_v all_o mean_n to_o re-edify_a the_o bridge_n but_o neither_o the_o swell_a of_o the_o river_n will_v permit_v he_o nor_o yet_o the_o cohort_n of_o the_o enemy_n place_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o other_o side_n suffer_v he_o to_o go_v forward_o with_o it_o which_o they_o may_v easy_o hinder_v both_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o river_n and_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o water_n as_o also_o for_o that_o they_o may_v easy_o cast_v their_o weapon_n from_o along_o the_o bank_n unto_o one_o place_n or_o point_n whereby_o it_o be_v very_o hard_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n the_o river_n run_v so_o violent_o as_o it_o do_v to_o do_v the_o work_n and_o to_o shun_v the_o weapon_n the_o first_o observation_n first_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o the_o strength_n of_o a_o multitude_n be_v not_o privilege_v from_o such_o casualty_n as_o betide_v the_o weakness_n of_o particular_a person_n but_o do_v oftentimes_o undergo_v extremity_n which_o can_v neither_o by_o providence_n be_v prevent_v nor_o remove_v by_o industry_n and_o be_v such_o as_o proceed_v not_o from_o the_o endeavour_n of_o a_o enemy_n but_o out_o of_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o place_n together_o with_o such_o accident_n as_o be_v interlace_v with_o the_o same_o in_o respect_n whereof_o it_o be_v that_o cambyses_n tell_v cyrus_n est_fw-la that_o in_o the_o course_n of_o war_n he_o shall_v meet_v with_o some_o occasion_n wherein_o he_o be_v not_o to_o labour_n and_o contend_v with_o man_n but_o with_o chance_n and_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v overcome_v with_o less_o difficulty_n than_o a_o enemy_n and_o be_v the_o more_o dangerous_a according_a as_o they_o give_v way_n to_o scarcity_n and_o lack_n of_o victual_n for_o as_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o same_o place_n scis_fw-la brevi_fw-la finem_fw-la habiturum_fw-la imperium_fw-la si_fw-la commeatu_fw-la exercitus_fw-la careat_fw-la cyri._fw-la you_o know_v that_o if_o your_o army_n be_v once_o starve_v your_o empire_n can_v be_v but_o short-lived_a the_o remedy_n whereof_o be_v first_o patience_n which_o be_v as_o requisite_a in_o a_o soldier_n as_o either_o courage_n or_o any_o other_o ability_n and_o in_o such_o case_n keep_v a_o army_n from_o discontentment_n and_o disorder_n until_o mean_n of_o better_a fortune_n and_o second_o good_a endeavour_n valet_fw-la which_o avail_v much_o in_o such_o chance_n the_o effect_n whereof_o will_v appear_v by_o that_o which_o caesar_n wrought_v to_o redeem_v his_o army_n from_o these_o inconvenience_n the_o second_o observation_n concern_v that_o which_o be_v here_o note_v of_o the_o spaniard_n river_n that_o make_v nothing_o of_o pass_v a_o river_n with_o the_o help_n of_o bladder_n which_o the_o roman_n be_v ready_a to_o wonder_v at_o then_o to_o imitate_v it_o be_v observe_v that_o as_o people_n exquisite_o fashion_v to_o a_o civil_a life_n by_o a_o firm_a and_o settle_a policy_n of_o government_n be_v firm_a and_o real_a in_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o their_o proceed_n and_o according_o do_v show_v their_o punctuality_n as_o well_o in_o their_o solemnity_n and_o private_a carriage_n as_o in_o their_o magnificent_a and_o stately_a building_n so_o on_o the_o other_o
of_o they_o fight_v on_o each_o side_n enter_v valiant_o the_o enemy_n ship_n kill_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o highlander_n and_o shepherd_n part_v of_o the_o ship_n they_o sink_v some_o they_o take_v with_o the_o man_n and_o the_o rest_n they_o beat_v back_o into_o the_o haven_n that_o day_n the_o massilian_n lose_v nine_o ship_n with_o those_o that_o be_v take_v this_o news_n be_v bring_v to_o caesar_n at_o ilerda_n the_o first_o observation_n i_o have_v former_o observe_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o sea-fight_n sea-fight_n consist_v of_o three_o part_n the_o first_o be_v their_o nimble_a and_o skilful_a manage_n of_o their_o ship_n either_o forcible_o to_o assault_v or_o to_o lavire_n and_o bear_v off_o as_o may_v fall_v for_o their_o best_a advantage_n wherein_o the_o massilian_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o skillfulness_n of_o their_o pilot_n have_v great_a confidence_n the_o second_o be_v their_o fight_n before_o they_o come_v to_o grapple_v as_o well_o with_o great_a engine_n such_o as_o be_v their_o balistae_fw-la and_o catapultae_n cast_v stone_n and_o log_n of_o wood_n one_o against_o another_o as_o also_o with_o sling_n arrow_n and_o dart_n resemble_v our_o great_a artillery_n and_o small_a shot_n for_o which_o purpose_n their_o ship_n be_v build_v with_o fore-castles_a and_o turret_n and_o other_o advantage_n of_o height_n for_o their_o cast_a weapon_n the_o three_o be_v their_o grapple_a and_o forcible_a entry_n wherein_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o matter_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o valour_n the_o legionary_a soldier_n carry_v the_o cause_n whence_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o their_o legion_n be_v the_o ãâã_d of_o their_o valiant_a and_o worthy_a man_n as_o well_o for_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o land_n be_v âitted_v by_o the_o discipline_n of_o their_o military_a exercise_n to_o undertake_v any_o service_n subject_n to_o humane_a industry_n whereof_o they_o gâve_v a_o account_n worthy_a the_o school_n wherein_o they_o be_v instruct_v neither_o be_v ãâã_d at_o any_o time_n but_o that_o such_o kingdom_n as_o ãâ¦ã_z to_o train_z up_o their_o man_n in_o academy_n of_o virtuous_a actual_o do_v always_o keep_v then_o honour_n at_o a_o high_a ãâã_d afford_v at_o all_o time_n man_n of_o absolute_a and_o complete_a carriage_n both_o for_o designment_n and_o performance_n the_o second_o observation_n i_o have_v a_o little_a before_o show_v out_o of_o livy_n that_o the_o antesignani_fw-la be_v ordinary_o take_v for_o the_o hastati_fw-la which_o be_v the_o easy_a sort_n of_o soldier_n according_a to_o the_o general_a division_n of_o a_o legion_n do_v seem_v to_o contradict_v the_o passage_n in_o this_o chapter_n sed_fw-la delectos_fw-la ex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la legionibus_fw-la fortissimos_fw-la viros_fw-la antesignanos_fw-la centuriones_n caesar_n ei_fw-la classi_fw-la attribuerat_fw-la but_o caesar_n have_v pick_v the_o valiant_a of_o the_o antesignani_fw-la out_o of_o all_o the_o legion_n put_v they_o into_o this_o fleet_n as_o centurion_n for_o the_o better_a clear_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o as_o the_o hastati_fw-la or_o first_o battle_n of_o a_o legion_n be_v general_o take_v for_o the_o antesignani_fw-la as_o stand_v before_o the_o eagle_n and_o other_o the_o chief_a ensign_n which_o be_v always_o among_o the_o principes_fw-la or_o second_v battle_n so_o every_o maniple_n have_v a_o ensign_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o troup_n the_o soldier_n that_o stand_v in_o front_n before_o the_o ensign_n be_v likewise_o call_v antesignani_fw-la and_o be_v the_o best_a soldier_n in_o the_o company_n for_o the_o centurion_n stand_v always_o in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o troup_n be_v accompany_v with_o the_o valiant_a and_o worthy_a man_n the_o rest_n fill_v up_o the_o rear_n consort_v with_o the_o lieutenant_n who_o thereupon_o be_v call_v tergiductor_a whence_o we_o may_v admire_v the_o temperature_n and_o disposition_n of_o a_o roman_a army_n be_v first_o general_o divide_v into_o three_o battle_n whereof_o the_o mean_a be_v in_o the_o vanguard_n to_o make_v trial_n of_o their_o strength_n and_o to_o spend_v the_o heat_n of_o their_o young_a blood_n in_o the_o first_o affront_n of_o a_o enemy_n the_o veterani_fw-la or_o old_a soldier_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o rearward_n to_o repair_v any_o loss_n which_o either_o force_n or_o casualty_n shall_v cast_v upon_o their_o leader_n and_o again_o to_o counterpoise_v themselves_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o the_o weak_a may_v not_o alwaââs_o go_v to_o the_o wall_n their_o private_a company_n be_v so_o order_v that_o the_o best_a man_n be_v always_o in_o front_n whereby_o they_o make_v such_o a_o exquisite_a temper_n as_o keep_v every_o part_n of_o the_o army_n in_o their_o full_a strength_n chap._n xx._n upon_o the_o make_n of_o the_o bridge_n at_o ilerda_n the_o enemy_n resolve_v to_o transfer_v the_o war_n into_o celtiberia_n upon_o caesar_n make_v of_o his_o bridge_n caesar_n fortune_n sudden_o change_v the_o enemy_n fear_v the_o courage_n and_o valour_n of_o our_o cavalry_n do_v not_o so_o free_o range_v abroad_o as_o they_o have_v wont_a to_o do_v sometime_o seek_v forage_n within_o a_o small_a distance_n of_o the_o camp_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v find_v a_o safe_a and_o easy_a retreat_n if_o occasion_n require_v sometime_o fetch_v a_o great_a compass_n about_o to_o avoid_v the_o guard_n and_o station_n of_o our_o horseman_n and_o if_o they_o have_v receive_v but_o the_o least_o check_n or_o have_v but_o descry_v the_o cavalry_n afar_o off_o they_o will_v have_v cast_v down_o their_o burden_n and_o flee_v away_o at_o last_o they_o omit_v forage_v for_o many_o day_n together_o and_o which_o be_v never_o use_v by_o any_o nation_n send_v out_o to_o seek_v it_o in_o the_o night_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n those_o of_o osca_n and_o calaguris_n osca_n be_v in_o league_n together_o calaguris_fw-la send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n with_o offer_n of_o their_o service_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o shall_v please_v to_o command_v it_o within_o a_o few_o day_n the_o tarraconenses_n lacetani_n and_o ausetani_n together_o with_o the_o illurgavonenses_n which_o border_n upon_o the_o river_n ebrus_n follow_v after_o of_o all_o these_o he_o desire_v supply_n of_o corn_n and_o provision_n which_o they_o promise_v to_o furnish_v and_o according_o get_v horse_n from_o all_o quarter_n and_o bring_v grain_n into_o the_o camp_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o regiment_n of_o the_o illurgavonenses_n understand_v the_o resolution_n of_o their_o state_n leave_v the_o enemy_n and_o come_v unto_o he_o with_o their_o colour_n and_o sudden_o a_o great_a alteration_n of_o thing_n appear_v the_o bridge_n be_v perfect_v five_o great_a city_n and_o state_n be_v come_v in_o unto_o he_o a_o course_n settle_v for_o provision_n of_o corn_n and_o the_o rumour_n blow_v over_o of_o the_o succour_n and_o legion_n which_o pompey_n be_v say_v to_o come_v withal_o by_o the_o way_n of_o mauritania_n many_o other_o town_n far_o off_o revolt_v from_o afranius_n and_o cleave_v to_o caesar_n party_n the_o enemy_n be_v much_o affright_a and_o abash_v at_o these_o thing_n caesar_n to_o avoid_v the_o great_a circuit_n by_o which_o he_o continual_o send_v his_o horseman_n about_o by_o the_o bridge_n have_v get_v a_o convenient_a place_n resolve_v to_o make_v many_o trench_n of_o thirty_o foot_n in_o breadth_n by_o which_o he_o may_v drain_v some_o part_n of_o the_o river_n sicoris_n and_o make_v it_o passable_a by_o a_o ford_n these_o trench_n be_v almost_o make_v afâanius_n and_o petreius_n do_v thereupon_o conceive_v a_o great_a fear_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v cut_v off_o altogether_o from_o victual_n and_o forage_v forasmuch_o as_o caesar_n be_v very_o strong_a in_o horse_n and_o therefore_o they_o determine_v to_o leave_v that_o place_n and_o transfer_v the_o war_n into_o celtiberia_n be_v the_o rather_o thereunto_o induce_v for_o that_o of_o those_o two_o contrary_a faction_n which_o in_o the_o former_a war_n have_v stand_v for_o l._n sertorius_n such_o city_n as_o be_v subdue_v by_o pompey_n do_v yet_o stand_v in_o awe_n of_o his_o name_n and_o authority_n and_o such_o as_o from_o the_o beginning_n have_v continue_v firm_a unto_o he_o do_v entire_o love_v he_o for_o the_o great_a benefit_n they_o have_v receive_v from_o he_o among_o who_o caesar_n name_n be_v not_o know_v there_o they_o expect_v great_a succour_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o to_o keep_v the_o war_n on_o foot_n until_o winter_n this_o advice_n be_v agree_v upon_o they_o give_v order_n to_o take_v up_o all_o the_o boat_n that_o be_v on_o the_o river_n iberus_n octogesa_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o octogesa_n a_o town_n site_v upon_o iberus_n twenty_o mile_n from_o the_o camp_n there_o they_o command_v a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n to_o be_v make_v and_o transport_v two_o legion_n over_o sicoris_n fortify_v their_o camp_n with_o a_o rampire_n of_o twelve_o foot_n
of_o ship_v and_o corn_n to_o keep_v the_o island_n the_o first_o observation_n observe_v first_o how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v for_o such_o as_o stand_v neutral_a between_o two_o party_n bear_v no_o affection_n but_o to_o their_o own_o end_n to_o declare_v themselves_o upon_o such_o apparence_n as_o common_o happen_v in_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o a_o war_n for_o if_o their_o judgement_n fail_v as_o varro_n do_v they_o be_v then_o force_v to_o redeem_v their_o error_n with_o more_o office_n of_o partiality_n then_o can_v afterward_o be_v excuse_v and_o so_o run_v into_o a_o further_a degree_n ofenmitie_n than_o the_o party_n for_o who_o they_o suffer_v and_o certain_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o neutrality_n refuse_v to_o take_v part_n with_o the_o right_n which_o in_o matter_n of_o controversy_n must_v needs_o stand_v on_o one_o side_n or_o whether_o it_o favour_v of_o a_o ill_a nature_n to_o show_v no_o sympathize_v affection_n with_o such_o as_o otherwise_o have_v correspondence_n with_o they_o or_o for_o what_o other_o cause_n i_o know_v not_o but_o sure_o it_o be_v that_o neutral_n attend_v nothing_o but_o their_o own_o advantage_n be_v of_o no_o better_a esteem_n than_o the_o bird_n whereof_o leo_n africus_n write_v which_o when_o the_o king_n of_o bird_n demand_v tribute_n will_v always_o rank_v himself_o among_o the_o fish_n and_o when_o the_o king_n of_o fish_n require_v his_o service_n will_v always_o be_v with_o the_o bird_n or_o then_o the_o weathercock_n whereof_o there_o be_v no_o other_o use_n then_o indicare_fw-la regnantem_fw-la to_o show_v what_o wind_n rule_v the_o second_o observation_n the_o island_n of_o gades_n be_v know_v to_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o name_n of_o tartesson_n hic_fw-la gades_n vrbs_fw-la est_fw-la dicta_fw-la tartessus_n prius_fw-la aânienus_n here_o gades_n stand_v of_o old_a tartessus_n call_v the_o town_n of_o gades_n be_v endow_v as_o dion_n witness_v xli_o by_o julius_n caesar_n with_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o rome_n to_o which_o effect_n pliny_n write_v oppidum_n habet_fw-la civium_fw-la romanorum_fw-la quod_fw-la appellatur_fw-la augusta_n vrbs_fw-la julia_n gaditana_n this_o island_n have_v a_o town_n of_o roman_a citizen_n which_o be_v call_v augusta_n julia_n gaditana_n it_o be_v a_o town_n of_o great_a fame_n as_o appear_v by_o that_o of_o juba_n king_n of_o mauritania_n who_o make_v ambitious_a suit_n to_o have_v the_o title_n of_o duumviri_fw-la or_o two-man_n of_o the_o town_n as_o festus_n note_v in_o his_o description_n of_o the_o sea-coast_n at_o vis_fw-la in_o illis_fw-la tanta_fw-la vel_fw-la tantum_fw-la decus_fw-la aetate_fw-la prisca_fw-la sub_fw-la fide_fw-la rerum_fw-la fuit_fw-la rex_fw-la ut_fw-la superbus_fw-la omniumque_fw-la praepotens_fw-la quos_fw-la gens_fw-la habebat_fw-la forte_fw-fr tum_fw-la maurusia_n octaviano_fw-it principi_fw-la acceptissimus_fw-la et_fw-la literarum_fw-la semper_fw-la in_o study_v juba_n interfluoque_fw-la separatus_fw-la aequore_fw-la illustriorem_fw-la semet_fw-la vrbis_fw-la istius_fw-la duumviratu_fw-la crederet_fw-la such_o be_v their_o power_n such_o their_o grace_n of_o old_a while_o faith_n be_v yet_o in_o place_n king_n juba_n the_o most_o powerful_a prince_n the_o moor_n have_v either_o then_o or_o since_o in_o favour_n with_o octavian_n and_o every_o way_n a_o learned_a man_n divide_v from_o this_o place_n by_o sân_n think_v it_o will_v great_a glory_n be_v to_o be_v duum-vir_a of_o the_o town_n in_o this_o island_n stand_v hercules_n temple_n to_o which_o as_o well_o roman_n as_o other_o noble_a adventurer_n of_o all_o nation_n make_v often_o repair_v to_o perform_v their_o vow_n upon_o achievement_n of_o deed_n of_o arm_n which_o solemnity_n be_v not_o omit_v by_o hannibal_n before_o his_o expedition_n into_o italy_n among_o other_o altar_n in_o this_o temple_n there_o be_v one_o dedicate_v to_o penury_n and_o art_n signify_v that_o art_n drive_v away_o penury_n as_o hercules_n put_v to_o flight_n and_o subdue_v monster_n those_o of_o asia_n and_o the_o mediterrane_n part_n take_v this_o island_n to_o be_v the_o further_a end_n of_o navigation_n for_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n admit_v no_o further_a passage_n for_o want_v of_o a_o loadstone_n to_o direct_v they_o in_o that_o vastness_n and_o therefore_o pindarus_n say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o wise_a man_n nor_o fool_n to_o know_v what_o be_v beyond_o the_o straight_a of_o gibraltar_n land_n the_o way_n in_o the_o ocean_n be_v a_o thousand_o league_n abroad_o in_o this_o town_n of_o gades_n be_v bear_v l._n cornelius_n balbus_n who_o at_o his_o death_n give_v a_o legacy_n to_o the_o roman_a people_n twenty_o five_o penny_n per_fw-la pole_n together_o with_o junius_n brutus_n columella_n that_o write_v so_o excellent_o de_fw-fr re_fw-mi rustica_fw-la et_fw-la mea_fw-la quam_fw-la generate_fw-la tartessi_fw-it littore_fw-la gades_n and_o which_o my_o gades_n yield_v on_o tartesse_n shore_n it_o be_v now_o call_v cales_n and_o be_v sack_v by_o our_o english_a an._n 1596._o hispalis_n hispalis_n surname_v romulensis_fw-la from_o the_o roman_a colony_n that_o be_v plant_v there_o sevill_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o river_n baetis_n in_o a_o very_a pleasant_a and_o fertile_a country_n and_o especial_o for_o oil_n the_o town_n be_v now_o the_o staple_n for_o the_o west_n indies_n and_o a_o very_a nursery_n of_o merchant_n arias_n montanus_n that_o great_a theologian_n be_v bear_v in_o this_o city_n the_o three_o observation_n concern_v these_o hundred_o and_o ninety_o thousand_o sesterce_n the_o learned_a can_v satisfy_v themselves_o with_o any_o congruent_a interpretation_n thereof_o for_o if_o we_o take_v they_o in_o the_o neuter_n for_o seven_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n apiece_o it_o amount_v to_o 1492000_o pound_n which_o be_v think_v too_o much_o if_o in_o the_o masculine_a it_o will_v rise_v not_o to_o above_o 1400_o pound_n which_o be_v deem_v too_o little_a and_o therefore_o the_o critic_n do_v mend_v the_o place_n and_o read_v his_a centies_n nonagy_n a_o hundred_o time_n ninety_o his_a which_o bring_v out_o 142500_o pound_n and_o be_v think_v agreeable_a to_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o author_n chap._n viii_o the_o province_n and_o the_o legion_n revolt_v from_o varro_n caesar_n settle_v spain_n and_o return_v to_o marseilles_n albeit_o caesar_n be_v call_v back_o into_o italy_n caesar_n for_o many_o great_a and_o important_a cause_n yet_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o leave_v no_o spark_n or_o appearance_n of_o war_n remain_v behind_o he_o in_o spain_n for_o that_o he_o know_v pompey_n desert_n to_o be_v such_o as_o have_v gain_v he_o many_o follower_n and_o dependent_n in_o the_o hither_o province_n and_o therefore_o have_v send_v two_o legion_n into_o the_o further_a spain_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o q._n cassius_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n he_o himself_o make_v forward_o by_o great_a journey_n with_o six_o hundred_o horse_n send_v a_o edict_n before_o he_o to_o summon_v the_o magistrate_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o city_n and_o town_n to_o appear_v before_o he_o by_o a_o day_n at_o corduba_n upon_o publication_n of_o which_o edict_n there_o be_v no_o city_n in_o all_o that_o province_n that_o send_v not_o some_o of_o their_o senate_n by_o the_o day_n appoint_v to_o corduba_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o roman_a citizen_n of_o note_n that_o present_v not_o himself_o there_o at_o that_o time_n the_o prince_n and_o state_n be_v assemble_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n they_o shut_v the_o gate_n against_o varro_n set_v watch_n and_o ward_n upon_o the_o wall_n and_o in_o the_o tower_n and_o retain_v with_o they_o two_o cohort_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o colonicae_n which_o come_v thither_o by_o chance_n for_o the_o safe_a keep_n of_o the_o town_n at_o the_o selfsame_a time_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o carmona_n which_o be_v the_o strong_a town_n of_o all_o the_o province_n cast_v out_o the_o three_o cohort_n that_o be_v by_o varro_n put_v into_o their_o citadel_n and_o shut_v they_o out_o of_o their_o town_n whereby_o varro_n be_v the_o rather_o move_v to_o make_v haste_n to_o gades_n with_o his_o legion_n lest_o he_o shall_v be_v hinder_v and_o cut_v off_o either_o in_o the_o way_n or_o in_o his_o passage_n over_o from_o the_o continent_n such_o and_o so_o favourable_a be_v the_o general_a affection_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n towards_o caesar_n and_o be_v somewhat_o advance_v on_o his_o journey_n he_o receive_v letter_n from_o gades_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v know_v there_o of_o the_o edict_n which_o caesar_n have_v publish_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o gaditan_n agree_v with_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n which_o be_v in_o garrison_n to_o expel_v gallonius_n out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o city_n and_o the_o island_n for_o caesar_n which_o be_v resolve_v upon_o they_o send_v he_o word_n to_o leave_v the_o town_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n while_o he_o may_v do_v it_o without_o danger_n and_o if_o he_o refuse_v they_o will_v then_o take_v such_o
that_o a_o commander_n must_v expect_v to_o meet_v with_o time_n wherein_o his_o man_n will_v stand_v in_o danger_n of_o nothing_o so_o much_o as_o their_o own_o infirmity_n be_v trouble_v rather_o with_o strong_a apprehension_n enchirid_a then_o for_o any_o danger_n of_o the_o thing_n fear_v chap._n xii_o curio_n dispute_v the_o matter_n in_o a_o council_n of_o war_n for_o which_o cause_v a_o council_n of_o war_n be_v call_v caesar_n they_o begin_v to_o deliberate_v what_o course_n be_v to_o be_v take_v i_o here_o be_v some_o opinion_n which_o think_v that_o it_o be_v very_o expedient_a to_o assault_v and_o take_v varus_n camp_n for_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o dangerous_a than_o idleness_n for_o the_o breed_n and_o increase_n of_o such_o imagination_n as_o the_o soldier_n have_v conceive_v other_o say_v it_o be_v better_a to_o try_v the_o fortune_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o to_o free_v themselves_o by_o valorous_a endeavour_n rather_o than_o to_o be_v forsake_v and_o abandon_v of_o their_o own_o party_n and_o left_a to_o undergo_v most_o grievous_a and_o extreme_a torment_n there_o be_v other_o which_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o return_v about_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n to_o cornelius_n camp_n that_o by_o interpose_v some_o respite_n of_o time_n the_o soldier_n may_v be_v better_o settle_v and_o confirm_v in_o their_o opinion_n and_o if_o any_o mischance_n further_o happen_v they_o may_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o store_n of_o ship_v with_o more_o ease_n and_o safety_n return_v back_o to_o sicily_n curio_n mislike_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o say_v that_o there_o want_v as_o much_o good_a resolution_n in_o the_o one_o opinion_n as_o abound_v in_o the_o other_o for_o these_o enter_v into_o a_o consideration_n of_o a_o dishonourable_a &_o unbeseeming_a flight_n and_o those_o be_v of_o a_o opinion_n to_o fight_v in_o a_o unequal_a and_o disadvantageous_a place_n for_o with_o what_o hope_n say_v he_o can_v we_o assault_v a_o camp_n so_o fortify_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n or_o what_o have_v we_o gain_v if_o with_o great_a loss_n and_o damage_n solent_fw-la we_o shall_v go_v away_o and_o give_v it_o over_o as_o though_o thing_n well_o and_o happy_o achieve_v do_v not_o get_v to_o the_o commander_n great_a good_a will_n from_o the_o soldier_n and_o thing_n ill_o carry_v as_o much_o hate_n concern_v the_o remove_n of_o our_o camp_n 8._o what_o do_v it_o infer_v but_o a_o shameful_a retreat_n a_o despair_n in_o all_o man_n and_o a_o alienation_n of_o the_o army_n for_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o prudent_a and_o well-advised_a to_o imagine_v that_o they_o be_v disinherit_v nor_o on_o the_o other_o side_n to_o the_o ill-disposed_a that_o they_o be_v redoubt_a or_o fear_v and_o the_o rather_o because_o fear_v in_o this_o kind_n will_v give_v they_o more_o liberty_n to_o do_v ill_a and_o abate_v the_o endeavour_n of_o good_a man_n in_o well_o deserve_v and_o if_o say_v he_o these_o thing_n be_v well_o know_v unto_o we_o already_o that_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o revolt_n and_o alienation_n of_o the_o army_n which_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o think_v either_o to_o be_v altogether_o false_a or_o at_o least_o less_o than_o in_o opinion_n they_o be_v think_v to_o be_v be_v it_o not_o better_a to_o dissemble_v and_o hide_v they_o then_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v strengthen_v and_o confirm_v by_o we_o ought_v we_o not_o as_o we_o do_v hide_v the_o wound_n of_o our_o body_n to_o cover_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o a_o army_n lest_o we_o shall_v minister_v hope_n or_o courage_n to_o the_o adversary_n but_o some_o there_o be_v that_o advise_v to_o set_v forward_o at_o midnight_n to_o the_o end_n as_o i_o imagine_v that_o such_o as_o be_v desirous_a to_o offend_v may_v perform_v it_o with_o more_o scope_n and_o licentiousness_n for_o such_o disorder_n be_v repress_v and_o reform_v either_o with_o shame_n or_o fear_n to_o both_o which_o the_o night_n be_v a_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o as_o i_o be_o not_o of_o that_o courage_n to_o think_v without_o hope_n or_o mean_n that_o the_o enemy_n camp_n be_v to_o be_v assault_v so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n i_o be_o not_o so_o fearful_a as_o to_o be_v want_v in_o that_o which_o be_v fit_v but_o be_o rather_o of_o opinion_n that_o we_o try_v all_o thing_n before_o we_o yield_v to_o that_o and_o do_v assure_v myself_o that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n we_o be_v all_o of_o one_o mind_n concern_v this_o point_n observation_n as_o in_o matter_n of_o geometry_n rectum_fw-la est_fw-la index_n svi_fw-la &_o obliqui_fw-la a_o straight_a line_n manifest_v both_o itself_o and_o a_o crooked_a line_n be_v equal_a to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o rectitude_n and_o unequal_a to_o obliquity_n so_o be_v it_o in_o reason_n and_o discourse_n for_o a_o direct_a and_o well-grounded_n speech_n carry_v such_o a_o native_a equality_n with_o all_o its_o part_n as_o it_o do_v not_o only_o approve_v itself_o to_o be_v level_v at_o that_o which_o be_v most_o fit_a but_o show_v also_o what_o be_v indirect_a and_o crooked_a concern_v the_o same_o matter_n and_o be_v of_o that_o consequence_n in_o the_o variety_n of_o project_n and_o opinion_n divinissimum_fw-la and_o so_o hardly_o hit_v upon_o in_o the_o lame_a discourse_n of_o common_a reason_n that_o plato_n think_v it_o a_o piece_n of_o divine_a power_n to_o direct_v a_o path_n free_a from_o the_o crookedness_n of_o error_n which_o may_v lead_v the_o straight_a and_o ready_a way_n to_o happy_a end_n opponitur_fw-la and_o the_o rather_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o matter_n of_o debate_n there_o be_v no_o word_n so_o weighty_a but_o do_v seem_v balance_v with_o other_o of_o equal_a consideration_n seââ_n as_o here_o it_o happen_v philos_fw-la from_o those_o that_o point_v at_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o distemperature_n 4._o convict_a idleness_n for_o the_o author_n of_o their_o variable_a and_o unsettled_a mind_n and_o as_o cyrop_n xenophon_n have_v observe_v very_o hard_o to_o be_v endure_v in_o one_o man_n much_o worse_o in_o a_o whole_a family_n but_o no_o way_n sufferable_a in_o a_o army_n which_o the_o roman_n call_v exercitus_fw-la ab_fw-la exercitio_fw-la from_o exercise_n for_o remedy_v whereof_o they_o propound_v labour_n without_o hope_n of_o gain_n and_o such_o service_n as_o can_v bring_v forth_o nothing_o but_o loss_n other_o prefer_v security_n before_o all_o other_o course_n as_o believe_v with_o livy_n 22._o that_o captain_n shall_v never_o trust_v fortune_n further_o than_o necessity_n constrain_v they_o persuade_v a_o retreat_n to_o a_o place_n of_o safety_n but_o upon_o dishonourable_a term_n which_o unevennesse_n of_o opinion_n curio_n make_v straight_o by_o a_o excellent_a maxim_n in_o this_o kind_n think_v it_o convenient_a to_o hold_v such_o a_o course_n as_o may_v neither_o give_v honest_a man_n cause_n of_o distrust_n nor_o wicked_a man_n to_o think_v they_o be_v fear_v for_o so_o he_o shall_v be_v sure_a in_o good_a term_n of_o honour_n neither_o to_o discourage_v the_o better_a sort_n nor_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o ill-affected_a to_o do_v worse_o and_o thus_o wind_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o labyrinth_n of_o word_n as_o know_v that_o to_o be_v true_a of_o annius_n the_o praetor_n that_o 3â_n it_o more_o import_v occasion_n to_o do_v then_o to_o say_v be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o fit_a word_n to_o thing_n unfold_v &_o resolve_v upon_o he_o break_v up_o the_o council_n chap._n xiii_o curio_n call_v a_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o speak_v unto_o they_o concern_v their_o fear_n and_o retraction_n the_o council_n be_v rise_v caesar_n he_o give_v order_n for_o a_o convocation_n of_o the_o army_n and_o there_o call_v to_o remembrance_n what_o they_o have_v do_v for_o caesar_n at_o confinium_fw-la how_o by_o their_o favour_n and_o furtherance_n he_o have_v gain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o italy_n to_o be_v on_o his_o side_n for_o by_o you_o say_v he_o and_o by_o your_o endeavour_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o municipal_a town_n be_v draw_v to_o follow_v caesar_n and_o there_o fore_o not_o without_o just_a cause_n do_v he_o at_o that_o time_n repose_v great_a assurance_n in_o your_o affection_n towards_o he_o and_o the_o adverse_a party_n conceive_v as_o great_a indignation_n &_o spite_n against_o you_o for_o pompey_n be_v not_o force_v away_o by_o any_o battle_n but_o be_v prejudice_v by_o your_o act_n he_o quit_v italy_n caesar_n have_v recommend_v i_o who_o he_o hold_v near_o unto_o himself_o together_o with_o the_o province_n of_o sicily_n and_o africa_n without_o which_o he_o can_v defend_v the_o city_n and_o italy_n to_o your_o trust_n and_o fidelity_n there_o be_v some_o which_o solicit_v and_o persuade_v you_o to_o revolt_v from_o my_o command_n for_o what_o can_v they_o wish_v or_o desire_v more_o then_o to_o make_v
it_o but_o one_o work_n to_o bring_v we_o both_o to_o ruin_v and_o overthrow_n and_o to_o engage_v you_o in_o a_o most_o detestable_a wickedness_n expectat_fw-la or_o what_o worse_a opinion_n can_v they_o conceive_v of_o you_o then_o that_o you_o shall_v betray_v those_o man_n that_o profess_v themselves_o whole_o you_o and_o that_o you_o may_v afterward_o come_v into_o their_o power_n demostâ_n who_o take_v themselves_o to_o be_v undo_v by_o your_o mean_n have_v you_o not_o understand_v what_o caesar_n have_v do_v in_o spain_n two_o army_n beat_v two_o general_n defeat_v two_o province_n take_v and_o all_o within_o forty_o day_n after_o he_o come_v in_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n those_o who_o force_n be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v resistance_n when_o they_o be_v whole_a and_o entire_a how_o be_v it_o possible_a they_o shall_v hold_v out_o be_v beat_v and_o discomfit_v you_o that_o follow_v caesar_n when_o the_o victory_n stand_v doubtful_a now_o fortune_n have_v adjudge_v the_o cause_n and_o determine_v of_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o war_n will_v you_o follow_v the_o vanquish_a party_n when_o you_o be_v to_o receive_v the_o reward_n of_o your_o service_n they_o give_v out_o that_o they_o be_v forsake_v and_o betray_v by_o you_o and_o do_v remember_v you_o of_o the_o former_a oath_n you_o take_v but_o do_v you_o forsake_v l._n domitius_n or_o do_v he_o forsake_v you_o do_v not_o he_o thrust_v you_o out_o and_o expose_v you_o to_o all_o extremity_n of_o fortune_n do_v he_o not_o seek_v to_o save_v himself_o by_o flight_n without_o your_o knowledge_n or_o privity_n be_v you_o not_o preserve_v and_o keep_v alive_a by_o caesar_n clemency_n when_o you_o be_v abandon_v and_o betray_v by_o he_o how_o can_v he_o tie_v you_o with_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n when_o have_v cast_v away_o his_o sheaf_n of_o rod_n and_o lay_v down_o his_o authority_n he_o himself_o be_v make_v a_o private_a person_n and_o become_v captivate_v to_o the_o command_n of_o another_o man_n power_n it_o be_v a_o strange_a and_o new_a religion_n that_o you_o shall_v neglect_v that_o oath_n wherein_o you_o stand_v now_o engage_v and_o respect_v the_o other_o which_o be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o rendry_a of_o your_o general_n and_o the_o summo_fw-la loss_n of_o your_o liberty_n but_o i_o believe_v you_o think_v well_o of_o caesar_n and_o be_v offend_v at_o i_o that_o be_o not_o to_o preach_v of_o my_o merit_n towards_o you_o which_o as_o yet_o be_v less_o than_o my_o will_n and_o unworthy_a your_o expectation_n and_o yet_o soldier_n have_v always_o use_v to_o seek_v reward_n upon_o the_o shut_n up_o of_o a_o war_n which_o what_o event_n it_o will_v have_v make_v you_o no_o doubt_n and_o why_o shall_v i_o omit_v the_o diligence_n which_o i_o have_v already_o use_v and_o how_o the_o business_n have_v hitherto_o proceed_v do_v it_o offend_v you_o that_o i_o transport_v the_o army_n over_o in_o safety_n without_o loss_n of_o any_o one_o ship_n that_o at_o my_o come_n i_o beat_v and_o disperse_v at_o the_o first_o onset_n the_o whole_a fleet_n of_o the_o adversary_n that_o twice_o in_o two_o day_n i_o overcome_v they_o only_o with_o the_o cavalry_n that_o i_o draw_v two_o hundred_o ship_n of_o burden_n out_o of_o the_o road_n and_o port_n of_o the_o enemy_n manilia_n and_o have_v bring_v they_o to_o that_o extremity_n that_o they_o can_v be_v supply_v by_o provision_n neither_o by_o sea_n nor_o by_o land_n all_o this_o good_a fortune_n and_o these_o commander_n reject_v and_o forsake_v will_v you_o rather_o embrace_v again_o the_o ignominy_n you_o receive_v at_o corfinium_n or_o your_o slight_n out_o of_o italy_n or_o the_o render_n up_o of_o spain_n or_o the_o prejudicial_a success_n of_o the_o war_n of_o africa_n true_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o be_v desirous_a and_o content_a to_o be_v call_v caesar_n soldier_n but_o you_o have_v style_v i_o with_o the_o title_n of_o imperator_n which_o if_o it_o repent_v you_o i_o do_v willing_o quit_v myself_o of_o your_o grace_n and_o return_v it_o back_o unto_o you_o and_o do_v you_o in_o like_a manner_n restore_v i_o to_o my_o name_n again_o lest_o you_o shall_v seem_v to_o give_v i_o honour_v which_o may_v turn_v to_o my_o reproach_n the_o first_o observation_n in_o the_o handle_n of_o this_o accident_n the_o difference_n come_v to_o be_v observe_v between_o a_o council_n of_o war_n and_o a_o concio_fw-la or_o convocation_n of_o the_o soldier_n the_o first_o be_v more_o particular_a consist_v of_o some_o choice_a man_n and_o those_o the_o most_o eminent_a in_o the_o party_n 27._o be_v qui_fw-la non_fw-la universum_fw-la populum_fw-la sed_fw-la partem_fw-la aliquam_fw-la adesse_fw-la jubet_fw-la non_fw-la comitia_fw-la sed_fw-la concilium_fw-la edicere_fw-la debet_fw-la he_o that_o call_v together_o only_a a_o part_n of_o the_o people_n and_o not_o the_o whole_a call_v a_o council_n not_o a_o general_a assembly_n their_o convocation_n or_o preach_v be_v more_o general_a the_o whole_a army_n be_v convent_v together_o to_o be_v fit_v by_o persuasion_n and_o discourse_n to_o follow_v the_o resolution_n take_v by_o a_o council_n and_o be_v proper_o call_v adlocutâo_o gall._n and_o sometime_o conventus_fw-la cicero_n perlectam_fw-la epistolam_fw-la caesaris_fw-la in_o conventâ_n militum_fw-la recitat_fw-la cicero_n read_v the_o letter_n from_o caesar_n in_o a_o conventus_fw-la or_o general_a meeting_n of_o his_o soldier_n the_o party_n call_v to_o a_o council_n be_v according_a as_o the_o general_n value_v the_o occasion_n for_o sometime_o the_o legate_n and_o tribune_n be_v only_o consult_v and_o now_o and_o then_o the_o centurion_n of_o the_o first_o order_n together_o with_o the_o captain_n of_o horse_n be_v call_v to_o their_o assistance_n and_o oftentimes_o all_o the_o centurion_n but_o howsoever_o curio_n resolve_v out_o of_o his_o own_o judgement_n as_o great_a commander_n common_o do_v and_o be_v special_o observe_v by_o pierre_n matthieu_n 4._o of_o the_o french_a king_n who_o ever_o love_v to_o hear_v the_o opinion_n of_o his_o captain_n but_o always_o find_v his_o own_o the_o best_a the_o second_o observation_n among_o other_o strain_n of_o this_o discourse_n it_o be_v acknowledge_v that_o rome_n can_v not_o stand_v without_o sicily_n &_o the_o reason_n be_v for_o the_o plenty_n of_o corn_n which_o it_o bring_v forth_o for_o sicily_n be_v always_o repute_v as_o the_o granary_n or_o barn_n of_o rome_n &_o according_o care_v for_o by_o the_o senate_n as_o a_o place_n without_o which_o their_o city_n can_v not_o continue_v the_o grain_n of_o that_o island_n be_v hard_a like_a horn_n and_o can_v well_o be_v break_v or_o grind_v into_o meal_n until_o it_o be_v wet_a with_o water_n and_o then_o dry_v in_o the_o shade_n rather_o than_o in_o the_o sun_n by_o mean_n whereof_o it_o yield_v so_o exceed_o that_o it_o be_v account_v twenty_o in_o the_o hundred_o better_a than_o any_o ponent_fw-la wheat_n especial_o for_o that_o it_o will_v keep_v long_o in_o their_o vault_n and_o cave_n under_o the_o earth_n &_o seldom_o or_o never_o take_v heat_n be_v of_o itself_o so_o hard_o and_o dry_a the_o gluttonous_a use_n of_o flesh_n have_v make_v man_n ignorant_a of_o the_o virtue_n and_o strength_n of_o corn_n which_o the_o roman_n better_a understand_v for_o their_o legion_n never_o say_v on_o flesh_n as_o long_o as_o they_o can_v get_v corn._n bell_n pecora_n quod_fw-la secundum_fw-la poterat_fw-la esse_fw-la inopiae_fw-la subsidium_fw-la they_o fetch_v in_o cattle_n as_o the_o second_o way_n to_o help_v their_o want_n sai_z caesar_z and_o in_o another_o place_n 3._o ut_fw-la complures_fw-la dies_fw-la milites_fw-la frumento_fw-la caruerint_fw-la pecore_fw-la è_fw-la longinquioribus_fw-la vicis_fw-la adacto_fw-la extremam_fw-la famem_fw-la sustentarent_fw-la the_o soldier_n have_v for_o many_o day_n be_v without_o corn_n they_o be_v fain_o to_o sustain_v their_o extreme_a hunger_n with_o cattle_n which_o they_o have_v fetch_v afar_o off_o and_o in_o the_o same_o place_n quod_fw-la minor_fw-la erat_fw-la frumenti_fw-la copia_fw-la pecus_fw-la imperabat_fw-la because_o there_o be_v but_o little_a corn_n he_o give_v order_n for_o cattle_n and_o again_o non_fw-la illi_fw-la hordeum_fw-la cum_fw-la daretur_fw-la non_fw-la legumina_fw-la recusbant_fw-la pecus_fw-la vero_fw-la cujus_fw-la rei_fw-la summa_fw-la erat_fw-la in_o epiro_fw-la copia_fw-la magno_fw-la in_o honore_fw-la habebant_fw-la they_o refuse_v neither_o barley_n nor_o pulse_n when_o it_o be_v offer_v they_o but_o cattle_n whereof_o there_o be_v good_a store_n in_o epirus_n they_o prize_v at_o a_o high_a rate_n by_o which_o place_n it_o appear_v that_o they_o never_o fall_v to_o flesh_n but_o when_o they_o want_v corn._n which_o be_v doubtless_o a_o firm_a nutriment_n less_o excremental_a and_o of_o better_a strength_n than_o any_o other_o food_n whatsoever_o as_o contain_v the_o prime_a substance_n of_o meat_n and_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n for_o aqua_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la
per_fw-la cent._n dodrans_n 9_o bes_z 8._o septunx_fw-la usura_fw-la 7._o semis_fw-la 6._o quincunx_fw-la 5._o triens_fw-la 4._o quadrant_n 3._o sextans_fw-la 2._o unciaria_n one_o in_o the_o hundred_o offic_n howbeit_o cato_n condemn_v all_o kind_n of_o usury_n for_o be_v demand_v quid_fw-la maxim_n in_o re_fw-mi familiari_fw-la expediret_fw-la respondit_fw-la bene_fw-la pascere_fw-la quid_fw-la secundum_fw-la satis_fw-la bene_fw-la pascere_fw-la quid_fw-la tertium_fw-la be_v vestire_fw-la quid_fw-la quartum_fw-la arare_fw-la et_fw-la cum_fw-la ille_fw-la qui_fw-la quaesierat_fw-la dixisset_fw-la quid_fw-la foenerari_fw-la quid_fw-la hominem_fw-la inquit_fw-la occidere_fw-la what_o be_v the_o most_o expedient_a thing_n in_o householdry_n answer_v good_a diet_n what_o the_o second_o enough_o good_a diet_n what_o the_o three_o good_a clothes_n what_o the_o four_o plough_v and_o when_o he_o that_o question_v he_o thus_o say_v what_o think_v you_o of_o take_v use_n 10._o he_o reply_v what_o be_v it_o to_o kill_v a_o man_n allow_v as_o it_o seem_v no_o mean_n of_o get_v money_n but_o those_o which_o aristotle_n take_v to_o be_v most_o agree_v to_o nature_n which_o be_v from_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o our_o cattle_n with_o such_o other_o course_n as_o be_v answerable_a thereunto_o chap._n ii_o a_o particular_a view_n of_o pompey_n force_n in_o the_o accomplish_n of_o these_o thing_n caesar_n as_o also_o celebrate_v the_o latin_a holiday_n and_o hold_v the_o assembly_n of_o the_o people_n have_v spend_v eleven_o day_n he_o give_v over_o his_o dictatorship_n leave_v the_o city_n and_o come_v to_o brundisium_n for_o he_o have_v command_v seven_o legion_n and_o all_o his_o cavalry_n to_o repair_v thither_o howbeit_o he_o find_v no_o more_o ship_v ready_a then_o will_v hardly_o transport_v fifteen_o thousand_o legionary_a soldier_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n the_o want_n of_o ship_v seem_v to_o hinder_v he_o from_o bring_v the_o war_n to_o a_o speedy_a end_n moreover_o those_o force_n which_o be_v ship_v be_v but_o weak_a in_o regard_n that_o many_o of_o they_o be_v lose_v in_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n and_o lessen_v likewise_o by_o their_o long_a journey_n out_o of_o spain_n beside_o that_o the_o unwholesome_a autumn_n in_o apulia_n and_o about_o brundisium_n have_v make_v the_o whole_a army_n ill_o dispose_v be_v new_o come_v out_o of_o the_o sweet_a air_n of_o gallia_n and_o spain_n pompey_n have_v have_v a_o year_n space_n to_o provide_v himself_o of_o man_n and_o munition_n and_o neither_o war_n nor_o enemy_n to_o trouble_v he_o have_v get_v together_o a_o great_a navy_n out_o of_o asia_n from_o the_o cyclade_fw-la isle_n corcyra_n athens_n pontus_n bythinia_n syria_n cilicia_n phoenicia_n and_o egypt_n and_o have_v cause_v another_o as_o great_a a_o fleet_n to_o be_v build_v in_o all_o place_n fit_a for_o that_o purpose_n have_v raise_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n out_o of_o asia_n and_o syria_n and_o of_o all_o the_o king_n dynaste_n tetrarch_n and_o free_a state_n of_o achaia_n and_o have_v likewise_o compel_v the_o corporation_n of_o those_o province_n to_o contribute_v the_o like_a sum_n he_o have_v enroll_v nine_o legion_n of_o roman_a citizen_n five_o which_o he_o have_v transport_v out_o of_o italy_n one_o old_a legion_n out_o of_o sicily_n which_o be_v compound_v and_o make_v of_o two_o he_o call_v the_o âwin_n gen_n one_o out_o of_o crect_n and_o macedoniaâold_a âold_z soldier_n who_o be_v discharge_v by_o ãâ¦ã_z those_o province_n and_o ãâ¦ã_z of_o asia_n which_o lentulus_n the_o consul_n have_v cause_v to_o be_v enroll_v beside_o he_o have_v distribute_v among_o those_o legion_n under_o the_o ãâ¦ã_z supply_v a_o great_a number_n of_o thessaly_n ãâ¦ã_z and_o epirus_n among_o these_o he_o have_v mingle_v antonie_n soldier_n and_o beside_o these_o he_o expect_v to_o be_v bring_v by_o scipio_n out_o of_o syria_n two_o legion_n of_o archer_n out_o of_o crete_n lacedaemon_n pontus_n and_o syria_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n he_o have_v 3000_o six_o cohort_n of_o slinger_n two_o mercenary_a &_o 7000_o horse_n whereof_o deiotarus_n have_v bring_v 600_o gall_n ariobarzanes_n 500_o out_o of_o cappadocia_n cotus_n out_o of_o thracia_n have_v send_v the_o like_a number_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o his_o son_n sadalis_n from_o macedonia_n come_v 200_o command_v by_o rascipolis_n a_o captain_n of_o great_a fame_n and_o virtue_n from_o alexandria_n come_v 500_o part_n gall_n and_o part_n german_n which_o a._n gabinius_n have_v leave_v there_o with_o king_n ptolemy_n to_o defend_v the_o town_n pompey_n the_o son_n have_v bring_v with_o the_o navy_n 800_o of_o his_o shepherd_n and_o servant_n tarcondarius_n castor_n and_o donilaus_n have_v send_v three_o hundred_o out_o of_o gallograecia_n of_o who_o one_o come_v himself_o and_o the_o other_o send_v his_o son_n two_o hundred_o be_v send_v out_o of_o syria_n by_o comagenus_n of_o antioch_n who_o pompey_n 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zenâbia_n that_o subdue_v the_o persian_n muscââ_n and_o helena_n queen_n of_o the_o russes_z beside_o other_o noble_a spirit_n that_o can_v answer_v such_o as_o tell_v they_o news_n of_o the_o death_n of_o their_o son_n in_o battle_n that_o they_o have_v bring_v they_o into_o the_o world_n for_o that_o only_a purpose_n which_o do_v prove_v as_o well_o a_o real_a as_o a_o potential_a aptness_n of_o that_o sex_n to_o the_o use_n and_o practice_n of_o arm_n and_o if_o any_o man_n as_o unwilling_a to_o afford_v they_o so_o much_o worth_n will_v know_v wherein_o they_o avail_v the_o fortune_n of_o a_o war_n annal._n he_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o even_o in_o expedition_n wherein_o they_o be_v most_o subject_a to_o exception_n they_o always_o give_v acceptable_a assistance_n to_o their_o husband_n both_o in_o their_o provision_n and_o otherwise_o and_o be_v such_o companion_n modem_n as_o can_v hardly_o be_v leave_v at_o home_n without_o danger_n of_o great_a hazard_n but_o in_o place_n 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hand_n with_o all_o his_o force_n pompey_n be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o candavia_n and_o go_v out_o of_o macedonia_n to_o winter_n in_o apollonia_n and_o at_o dyârachium_n but_o be_v trouble_v at_o the_o news_n he_o make_v towards_o apollonia_n by_o great_a journey_n lest_o caesar_n shall_v possess_v himself_o of_o the_o maritime_a city_n caesar_n have_v land_v his_o force_n go_v the_o next_o day_n to_o oricum_n upon_o his_o approach_n l._n torquatus_n who_o command_v the_o town_n under_o pompey_n and_o have_v there_o a_o garrison_n of_o parthian_n shut_v the_o gate_n go_v about_o to_o defend_v the_o place_n command_v the_o grecian_n to_o take_v arm_n and_o make_v good_a the_o wall_n but_o they_o refuse_v to_o fight_v against_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o townsman_n endeavour_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n to_o receive_v caesar_n in_o he_o open_v the_o gate_n despair_v of_o all_o other_o succour_n give_v up_o both_o himself_o and_o the_o 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allot_v he_o the_o same_o oath_n take_v the_o legate_n be_v second_v by_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o shoulder_n and_o centurion_n and_o by_o all_o the_o army_n that_o take_v the_o like_a oath_n the_o first_o observation_n unum_n est_fw-la tempus_fw-la say_v caesar_n the_o pace_n agendi_fw-la dum_fw-la uterque_fw-la sibi_fw-la confidit_fw-la &_o pares_fw-la ambo_fw-la videntur_fw-la the_o only_a time_n to_o treat_v of_o peace_n be_v whilst_o either_o party_n be_v confident_a of_o his_o strength_n and_o both_o seem_v of_o equal_a might_n and_o power_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o excellent_a rule_n to_o point_v out_o the_o fit_a and_o seasonabl_a time_n for_o composition_n between_o two_o opposite_a party_n for_o as_o in_o quantity_n equality_n beget_v equality_n and_o disparity_n a_o like_a unevennesse_n of_o nature_n so_o in_o other_o thing_n as_o namely_o in_o treaty_n of_o agreement_n the_o condition_n do_v common_o rise_v to_o either_o party_n according_a as_o they_o stand_v balance_v in_o the_o scale_n of_o equality_n or_o otherwise_o as_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o mean_n shall_v allot_v they_o for_o if_o that_o be_v true_a in_o the_o extremity_n 4._o which_o curtius_n have_v that_o law_n be_v give_v by_o conqueror_n and_o accept_v upon_o all_o condition_n by_o they_o that_o be_v subdue_v it_o do_v consequent_o follow_v in_o the_o mean_a that_o man_n find_v deal_v proportionable_a to_o their_o fortune_n timâo_n to_o which_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o plato_n where_o he_o say_v that_o peace_n and_o quietness_n consist_v in_o equality_n as_o trouble_v and_o motion_n be_v always_o in_o inequality_n the_o second_o observation_n it_o appear_v here_o by_o the_o fright_n and_o astonishment_n of_o pompey_n army_n that_o the_o course_n he_o take_v to_o abandon_v italic_a be_v out_o of_o no_o good_a advice_n or_o direction_n for_o whereas_o he_o may_v with_o far_o more_o honour_n and_o no_o less_o hope_n of_o success_n have_v contest_v with_o caesar_n in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o war_n break_v out_o and_o keep_v he_o to_o a_o task_n which_o shall_v have_v hold_v he_o from_o the_o conquest_n of_o spain_n or_o such_o other_o achievement_n as_o he_o easy_o wrought_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o his_o adversary_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o his_o departure_n into_o greece_n sort_v to_o no_o other_o end_n then_o by_o time_n to_o abate_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o forward_a courage_n and_o to_o suffer_v a_o numerous_a army_n to_o be_v daunt_v with_o noise_n and_o clamour_n of_o continual_a victory_n get_v upon_o a_o part_n of_o themselves_o and_o then_o to_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o conqueror_n to_o come_v in_o the_o ãâã_d of_o fame_n and_o take_v they_o disarm_v of_o expectation_n to_o their_o great_a amazement_n chap._n v._n caesar_n take_v up_o his_o lodging_n for_o winter_n bibulus_n distress_v at_o sea_n for_o want_n of_o provision_n seem_v desirous_a of_o a_o treaty_n which_o be_v carry_v on_o the_o other_o side_n with_o good_a caution_n 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bibulus_n have_v require_v he_o leave_v the_o legion_n and_o return_v himself_o to_o oricum_n at_o his_o arrival_n thither_o they_o be_v call_v out_o to_o treat_v libo_n come_v forth_o and_o excuse_v bibulus_n for_o that_o he_o be_v exceed_v choleric_a and_o have_v beside_o conceive_v a_o great_a anger_n at_o caesar_n about_o the_o aedility_n and_o praetorship_n and_o in_o regard_n of_o that_o he_o do_v shun_v the_o conference_n lest_o a_o matter_n of_o that_o utility_n and_o importance_n shall_v be_v disturb_v by_o his_o intemperate_a carriage_n pompey_n he_o say_v always_o be_v desirous_a that_o matter_n may_v be_v accord_v and_o that_o arm_n may_v be_v lay_v aside_o but_o they_o of_o themselves_o can_v do_v nothing_o therein_o forasmuch_o as_o by_o the_o general_a resolution_n of_o a_o council_n the_o superintendency_n of_o the_o war_n and_o the_o disposition_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v refer_v to_o pompey_n howbeit_o when_o they_o understand_v what_o caesar_n require_v they_o will_v send_v instant_o a_o dispatch_n unto_o pompey_n and_o be_v a_o mean_n that_o he_o shall_v accomplish_v all_o thing_n with_o good_a satisfaction_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v there_o be_v a_o truce_n and_o until_o a_o answer_n may_v be_v return_v from_o he_o let_v neither_o party_n offend_v one_o another_o to_o this_o he_o add_v somewhat_o concern_v the_o cause_n in_o question_n the_o force_n and_o aid_n to_o which_o caesar_n do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a at_o that_o time_n to_o make_v any_o answer_n nor_o do_v we_o think_v there_o be_v cause_n now_o to_o make_v mention_n thereof_o caesar_n require_v that_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o he_o to_o send_v ambassador_n to_o pompey_n without_o danger_n and_o that_o they_o will_v undertake_v that_o such_o as_o he_o send_v may_v be_v well_o entreat_v or_o take_v they_o into_o their_o charge_n and_o
bring_v they_o safe_o to_o pompey_n concern_v the_o truce_n the_o course_n of_o the_o war_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v so_o carry_v that_o they_o with_o their_o navy_n do_v keep_v his_o ship_n and_o succour_n from_o come_v unto_o he_o and_o he_o on_o the_o other_o side_n do_v prohibit_v they_o from_o land_v or_o take_v in_o fresh_a water_n and_o if_o they_o will_v have_v that_o grant_v unto_o they_o let_v they_o cease_v guard_v of_o the_o coast_n but_o if_o they_o will_v continue_v that_o than_o will_v he_o continue_v the_o other_o notwithstanding_o he_o think_v the_o treaty_n of_o accord_n may_v go_v on_o albeit_o these_o be_v not_o omit_v for_o he_o take_v they_o to_o be_v no_o impediment_n thereunto_o they_o will_v neither_o receive_v caesar_n ambassador_n nor_o undertake_v for_o their_o safety_n but_o refer_v the_o whole_a matter_n to_o pompey_n only_o they_o instance_a and_o very_o vehement_o urge_v for_o the_o truce_n but_o caesar_n perceive_v that_o all_o this_o speech_n tend_v 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requisite_a it_o must_v be_v but_o for_o a_o little_a time_n for_o a_o prince_n arm_v in_o the_o field_n that_o shall_v entertain_v a_o truce_n for_o any_o long_a season_n shall_v see_v his_o army_n consume_v both_o in_o courage_n and_o in_o the_o part_n thereof_o which_o will_v fall_v asunder_o of_o themselves_o and_o be_v the_o mean_n by_o which_o lewis_n the_o eleven_o put_v by_o edward_n the_o four_o king_n of_o england_n from_o go_v on_o with_o a_o war_n that_o may_v have_v give_v he_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o such_o as_o seek_v a_o peace_n desire_v no_o more_o than_o a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n for_o some_o reasonable_a time_n as_o a_o introduction_n enforce_v the_o same_o concern_v league_n we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o there_o be_v find_v three_o difference_n the_o first_o be_v a_o league_n of_o peace_n pacis_fw-la which_o by_o the_o apostle_n rule_v shall_v extend_v to_o all_o man_n habete_fw-la pacem_fw-la cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la have_v peace_n with_o all_o man_n and_o by_o example_n of_o holy_a patriarch_n isaac_n with_o abimelech_n jacob_n with_o laban_n may_v lawful_o be_v make_v with_o heathen_a prince_n be_v as_o the_o golden_a chain_n that_o tie_v all_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o peaceable_a community_n the_o second_o be_v a_o league_n of_o intercourse_n commercil_n or_o commerce_n which_o be_v likewise_o by_o the_o same_o patriarch_n send_v for_o corn_n into_o egypt_n and_o solomon_n intercourse_n with_o hyram_n king_n of_o tyre_n together_o with_o divers_a other_o example_n allowable_a with_o infidel_n for_o nature_n be_v rich_a in_o variety_n of_o commodity_n do_v therefore_o divide_v her_o work_n among_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o mutual_a intercourse_n of_o exchange_n between_o the_o part_n of_o the_o same_o the_o three_o be_v a_o league_n of_o mutual_a assistance_n auxâlii_fw-la such_o as_o jehosaphat_n make_v with_o achab_n 22._o and_o it_o be_v hardly_o safe_a with_o any_o prince_n but_o no_o way_n allowable_a with_o infidel_n touch_v the_o person_n to_o be_v offer_v in_o a_o treaty_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v from_o bibulus_n that_o no_o man_n who_o presence_n may_v either_o give_v offence_n or_o who_o intemperance_n may_v any_o way_n interrupt_v a_o course_n sort_v to_o a_o happy_a issue_n be_v fit_a for_o any_o such_o employment_n the_o second_o observation_n there_o be_v in_o rome_n certain_a officer_n call_v aedile_n ab_fw-la aedibus_fw-la as_o have_v the_o care_n of_o house_n and_o building_n both_o public_a and_o private_a that_o they_o may_v be_v build_v and_o maintain_v in_o such_o manner_n as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o ordinance_n of_o that_o state_n veârem_fw-la together_o with_o other_o thing_n whereof_o they_o have_v the_o charge_n nunc_fw-la sum_fw-la designatus_fw-la aedilis_fw-la say_v cicero_n habeo_fw-la rationem_fw-la quod_fw-la a_o populo_fw-la romano_n acceperim_fw-la mihi_fw-la ludos_fw-la sanctissimos_fw-la maxima_fw-la cum_fw-la ceremonia_fw-la cereri_fw-la liberoque_fw-la faciendos_fw-la mihi_fw-la floram_n matrem_fw-la populo_fw-la plebique_fw-la romanae_fw-la ludorum_fw-la celebritate_fw-la placandam_fw-la mihi_fw-la ludos_fw-la antiquissimos_fw-la qui_fw-la primi_fw-la romani_fw-la sunt_fw-la nominati_fw-la maxima_fw-la cum_fw-la dignitate_fw-la ac_fw-la religione_fw-la jovi_fw-la junoni_n minervaeque_fw-la esse_fw-la faciendos_fw-la mihi_fw-la sacrarum_fw-la aedium_fw-la procurationem_fw-la mihi_fw-la totam_fw-la urbem_fw-la tuendam_fw-la esse_fw-la commissam_fw-la ob_fw-la earum_fw-la rerum_fw-la laborem_fw-la &_o solicitudinem_fw-la fructus_fw-la illos_fw-la datos_fw-la antiquiorem_fw-la in_o senatu_fw-la sententiae_fw-la dicendae_fw-la locum_fw-la togam_fw-la praetextam_fw-la sellam_fw-la curulem_fw-la jus_o imaginis_fw-la admemoriam_fw-la posteritatemque_fw-la prodendam_fw-la now_o that_o i_o be_o appoint_v to_o bear_v the_o office_n of_o aedility_n i_o recon_fw-mi with_o myself_o what_o charge_n i_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n viz._n claudio_n to_o see_v to_o the_o solemnize_n with_o high_a ceremony_n of_o the_o most_o holy_a play_n consecrate_v to_o ceres_n and_o bacchus_n to_o the_o pacify_v of_o flora_n towards_o the_o people_n with_o celebration_n of_o play_n due_a to_o she_o as_o likewise_o to_o the_o perform_n of_o those_o most_o ancient_a play_n in_o honour_n of_o jupiter_n juno_n and_o pallas_n with_o the_o great_a splendour_n and_o religion_n possible_a to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o sacred_a house_n and_o in_o general_a of_o the_o whole_a city_n etc._n etc._n wherein_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o show_v and_o play_n be_v always_o make_v and_o set_v forth_o at_o the_o charge_n and_o cost_n of_o the_o aedile_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o allow_v or_o disallow_v of_o all_o playbook_n belong_v unto_o they_o moreover_o they_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o all_o the_o public_a building_n and_o work_n of_o the_o city_n difficile_fw-la together_o with_o the_o provision_n of_o victual_n and_o corn._n and_o for_o the_o miss_n of_o this_o office_n be_v bibulus_n angry_a with_o caesar_n and_o will_v not_o be_v regain_v upon_o any_o condition_n socrat._v chap._n vi_o bibulus_n die_v caesar_n use_v mean_n to_o procure_v a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n but_o prevail_v not_o bibulus_n be_v keep_v from_o land_v many_o day_n together_o caesar_n and_o fall_v into_o a_o grievous_a sickness_n through_o cold_a and_o extreme_a labour_n and_o have_v no_o mean_n of_o help_n nor_o yet_o willing_a to_o forgo_v his_o charge_n can_v no_o long_o withstand_v the_o violence_n of_o the_o disease_n he_o be_v dead_a there_o be_v none_o appoint_v to_o take_v the_o whole_a charge_n but_o every_o man_n command_v his_o own_o fleet_n the_o hurlyburly_n be_v quiet_v which_o caesar_n sudden_a arrival_n have_v move_v vioullius_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o libo_n together_o with_o l._n lucceius_n and_o theophanes_n to_o who_o pompey_n be_v wont_a to_o communicate_v matter_n of_o great_a importance_n resolve_v to_o deliver_v what_o caesar_n have_v recommend_v unto_o he_o and_o enter_v into_o the_o relation_n thereof_o be_v interrupt_v by_o pompey_n forbid_v he_o to_o speak_v any_o far_a of_o that_o matter_n what_o use_n or_o need_n have_v i_o say_v he_o either_o of_o my_o life_n or_o of_o the_o city_n when_o i_o shall_v be_v think_v to_o enjoy_v it_o by_o caesar_n favour_n neither_o can_v the_o opinion_n thereof_o be_v remove_v until_o the_o war_n be_v end_v that_o of_o myself_o i_o return_v back_o into_o italy_n from_o whence_o i_o be_o come_v caesar_n understand_v this_o from_o those_o that_o be_v present_a when_o he_o speak_v it_o and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o endeavour_v by_o other_o mean_n to_o procure_v a_o parlce_a of_o peace_n for_o the_o two_o camp_n of_o pompey_n and_o caesar_n be_v only_o separate_v by_o the_o river_n apsus_n that_o run_v between_o they_o where_o the_o soldier_n have_v often_o colloquy_n and_o by_o agreement_n among_o themselves_o throw_v no_o weapon_n during_o the_o time_n of_o
the_o turkish_a sultan_n and_o confirm_v the_o same_o by_o a_o oath_n take_v upon_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n do_v nevertheless_o at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o julian_n a_o cardinal_n who_o take_v upon_o he_o by_o power_n from_o the_o pope_n to_o disannul_v the_o league_n and_o absolve_v he_o from_o the_o oath_n break_v the_o peace_n and_o give_v battle_n to_o amurath_n at_o varna_n where_o the_o infidel_n take_v occasion_n impious_o to_o blaspheme_v in_o call_v for_o vengeance_n on_o such_o as_o in_o their_o deed_n have_v deny_v the_o godhead_n of_o their_o most_o sacred_a &_o bless_a lord_n and_o be_v there_o slay_v to_o the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o the_o reproach_n of_o christian_a name_n neither_o do_v the_o cardinal_n escape_v the_o vengeance_n which_o his_o treachery_n have_v draw_v upon_o that_o royal_a army_n but_o be_v there_o wound_v unto_o death_n be_v find_v lie_v in_o the_o high_a way_n by_o gregory_n sanose_n ready_a to_o give_v up_o the_o ghost_n and_o seem_v but_o to_o stay_v to_o take_v with_o he_o the_o bitter_a curse_n of_o such_o as_o pass_v by_o fly_v from_o the_o battle_n as_o the_o due_a reward_n of_o his_o perfidious_a absolution_n the_o second_o observation_n in_o case_n of_o difficulty_n and_o hazard_n as_o caesar_n note_v there_o be_v always_o great_a help_n in_o a_o good_a courage_n potest_fw-la for_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o good_a hap_n attend_v a_o valorous_a carriage_n or_o that_o virtue_n be_v able_a to_o remove_v all_o opposition_n gerendum_fw-la or_o what_o other_o cause_n there_o be_v beside_o but_o thus_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o such_o as_o entertain_v a_o noble_a resolution_n be_v ever_o safe_a in_o extremity_n of_o peril_n and_o instead_o of_o loss_n get_v honour_n and_o renown_n brasidas_n find_v a_o mouse_n among_o dry_a fig_n plutarch_n which_o bite_v he_o so_o that_o he_o let_v she_o go_v &_o thereupon_o say_v to_o those_o that_o stand_v by_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o little_a that_o can_v not_o save_v itself_o if_o it_o have_v a_o heart_n to_o defend_v itself_o against_o such_o as_o assault_v it_o and_o herein_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o to_o be_v true_a which_o the_o poet_n have_v deliver_v metamer_n seris_fw-la venit_fw-la usus_fw-la ab_fw-la annis_fw-la time_n and_o practice_n do_v much_o avail_v to_o perfect_v this_o courage_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n of_o war_n as_o know_v aforehand_o the_o weight_n of_o such_o labour_n and_o have_v encounter_v the_o like_a danger_n even_o to_o the_o redeem_n of_o themselves_o from_o the_o jaw_n of_o death_n ãâ¦ã_z whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o comic_a say_v no_o man_n can_v possible_o come_v so_o well_o furnish_v to_o any_o course_n of_o life_n but_o that_o time_n and_o experience_n do_v always_o teach_v he_o what_o he_o know_v not_o before_o whereas_o other_o that_o go_v raw_o to_o work_v be_v so_o daunt_v with_o the_o unusual_a look_n of_o war_n as_o they_o forget_v the_o profession_n of_o arm_n do_v run_v headlong_o into_o the_o danger_n they_o seek_v to_o avoid_v be_v able_a to_o give_v no_o other_o account_n of_o their_o service_n târen_n but_o that_o they_o march_v many_o body_n viâi_fw-la and_o but_o a_o few_o men._n the_o three_o observation_n 7._o plutarch_n valerius_n maximus_n appian_n suetonius_n &_o lucan_n do_v all_o write_v that_o caesar_n impatient_a of_o the_o slay_n of_o his_o force_n at_o brundu_n sium_fw-la embark_v himself_o in_o a_o small_a frigate_n of_o twelve_o oar_n destiny_n disguise_v in_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o slave_n and_o put_v to_o sea_n to_o fetch_v his_o legion_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o coast_n swarm_v with_o the_o enemy_n ship_v but_o meet_v with_o a_o contrary_a wind_n which_o will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o get_v out_o of_o the_o river_n anius_n the_o master_n command_v the_o mariner_n to_o cast_v about_o and_o get_v to_o shore_n whereupon_o caesar_n discover_v himself_o encourage_v he_o to_o go_v forward_o for_o that_o he_o carry_v caesar_n and_o his_o fortune_n the_o master_n forget_v all_o danger_n make_v out_o again_o to_o get_v to_o sea_n but_o be_v by_o force_n of_o the_o tempest_n drive_v to_o return_v to_o caesar_n great_a grief_n and_o albeit_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v hereof_o in_o these_o commentary_n yet_o the_o authority_n of_o so_o many_o grave_a author_n be_v not_o to_o be_v contemn_v chap._n x._o caesar_n haste_v to_o meet_v with_o antonius_n and_o prevent_v pompey_n caesar_n and_o pompey_n have_v both_o intelligence_n almost_o at_o one_o instant_a of_o time_n of_o antonius_n fleet_n caesar_n for_o they_o see_v they_o pass_v by_o apollonia_n and_o dyrrachium_fw-la and_o direct_v their_o journey_n along_o the_o coast_n after_o they_o but_o they_o understand_v not_o for_o a_o while_n where_o they_o be_v land_v howbeit_o have_v notice_n thereof_o either_o of_o they_o take_v a_o contrary_a resolution_n for_o caesar_n purpose_v to_o join_v with_o antonius_n assoon_o as_o possible_o he_o may_v and_o pompey_n resolve_v to_o hinder_v their_o meeting_n and_o by_o ambushment_n if_o he_o can_v to_o set_v upon_o they_o at_o unaware_o the_o same_o day_n either_o of_o they_o draw_v their_o army_n out_o of_o their_o stand_a camp_n upon_o the_o river_n apsus_n pompey_n secret_o and_o by_o night_n caesar_n open_o and_o by_o day_n but_o caesar_n have_v the_o great_a circuit_n to_o fetch_v and_o a_o long_a journey_n to_o go_v up_o the_o river_n to_o find_v a_o ford_n pompey_n have_v a_o ready_a way_n and_o no_o river_n to_o pass_v make_v towards_o antonius_n by_o great_a journey_n and_o when_o he_o understand_v that_o he_o come_v near_o unto_o he_o choose_v a_o convenient_a place_n and_o there_o bestow_v his_o force_n keep_v every_o man_n within_o the_o camp_n and_o forbid_v fire_n to_o be_v make_v that_o his_o come_n may_v be_v the_o more_o hide_a whereof_o antonius_n be_v present_o advertise_v by_o the_o greek_n he_o dispatch_v messenger_n to_o caesar_n and_o keep_v himself_o one_o day_n within_o his_o camp_n the_o next_o day_n caesar_n come_v unto_o he_o upon_o notice_n thereof_o pompey_n leave_v that_o place_n lest_o he_o shall_v be_v entrap_v between_o two_o army_n and_o come_v with_o all_o his_o force_n to_o asparagus_n which_o appertain_v to_o they_o of_o dyrrachium_fw-la and_o there_o in_o a_o convenient_a place_n pitch_v his_o camp_n observation_n where_o two_o army_n be_v in_o a_o country_n and_o one_o of_o they_o have_v succour_n come_v to_o renforce_v they_o each_o of_o those_o party_n be_v by_o the_o example_n of_o these_o glorious_a commander_n caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la to_o make_v towards_o those_o succour_n the_o one_o to_o cut_v they_o off_o and_o the_o other_o to_o keep_v they_o stand_v and_o to_o that_o end_n as_o it_o suit_v pompey_n condition_n to_o go_v secret_o howsoever_o caesar_n note_v it_o as_o a_o touch_n to_o his_o valour_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o stand_v not_o only_o well_o enough_o with_o caesar_n party_n to_o go_v open_o but_o also_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o his_o courage_n and_o magnanimity_n and_o may_v raise_v he_o estimation_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o greek_n the_o disadvantage_n which_o pompey_n can_v take_v thereby_o be_v the_o danger_n to_o be_v enclose_v with_o army_n which_o he_o foresee_v avoid_v chap._n xi_o scipio_n preparation_n in_o asia_n to_o come_v into_o greece_n to_o assist_v pompey_n about_o this_o time_n scipio_n caesar_n have_v sustain_v divers_a loss_n near_o the_o mount_n amanus_n cilicia_n do_v nevertheless_o call_v himself_o by_o the_o name_n of_o imperator_n and_o thereupon_o command_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o be_v levy_v of_o the_o city_n and_o potentate_n of_o those_o quarter_n take_v from_o the_o general_a receiver_n of_o that_o province_n all_o the_o money_n that_o be_v in_o their_o hand_n for_o two_o year_n past_a and_o command_v they_o to_o disburse_v by_o way_n of_o loan_n the_o receipt_n for_o the_o year_n to_o come_v and_o require_v horseman_n to_o be_v levy_v throughout_o all_o the_o province_n have_v gather_v these_o together_o he_o leave_v the_o parthian_n be_v near_o enemy_n unto_o he_o who_o a_o little_a before_o have_v slay_v m._n crassus_n the_o general_n and_o besiege_v m._n bibulus_n and_o draw_v the_o legion_n out_o of_o syria_n be_v send_v special_o thither_o to_o keep_v and_o settle_v that_o province_n much_o amuze_v through_o fear_n of_o the_o parthian_a war_n at_o his_o departure_n some_o speech_n be_v give_v out_o by_o the_o soldier_n that_o if_o they_o be_v lead_v against_o a_o enemy_n they_o will_v go_v but_o against_o a_o citizen_n and_o consul_n they_o will_v not_o bear_v arm_n the_o army_n be_v bring_v to_o pergamus_n and_o there_o garrison_v for_o that_o winter_n in_o divers_a rich_a city_n he_o distribute_v great_a largess_n and_o gift_n and_o for_o the_o better_a assure_v of_o the_o soldier_n unto_o he_o give_v
with_o caesar_n in_o adversity_n have_v draw_v all_o the_o multitude_n of_o servant_n and_o child_n out_o of_o the_o country_n into_o the_o town_n and_o shut_v up_o the_o gate_n dispatch_v messenger_n to_o scipio_n and_o pompey_n for_o succour_v to_o be_v send_v unto_o he_o in_o that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v out_o a_o long_a siege_n scipio_n understanding_n of_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o army_n from_o dyrrachium_fw-la have_v bring_v the_o legion_n to_o larissa_n and_o pompey_n do_v not_o as_o yet_o approach_v near_o unto_o thessalia_n caesar_n have_v fortify_v his_o camp_n command_v mantelet_n ladder_n and_o hurdle_n to_o be_v make_v ready_a for_o a_o surprise_n which_o be_v fit_v and_o prepare_v he_o exhort_v the_o soldier_n and_o show_v they_o what_o need_v there_o be_v for_o the_o relieve_n of_o their_o want_n and_o supply_v of_o all_o necessary_n to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o opulent_a and_o full_a town_n as_o also_o by_o their_o example_n to_o terrify_v the_o other_o city_n and_o what_o they_o do_v to_o do_v speedy_o before_o it_o can_v be_v succour_v whereupon_o by_o the_o singular_a industry_n of_o the_o soldier_n the_o same_o day_n he_o come_v thither_o give_v the_o assault_n after_o the_o nine_o hour_n notwithstanding_o the_o exceed_a height_n of_o the_o wall_n he_o take_v the_o town_n before_o sunset_n afternoon_n and_o give_v it_o to_o the_o soldier_n to_o be_v rifle_v and_o present_o remove_v from_o thence_o come_v to_o metropolis_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o outgo_v as_o well_o messenger_n as_o news_n of_o take_v the_o town_n the_o metropolitan_n induce_v with_o the_o same_o respect_n at_o first_o shut_v up_o their_o gate_n and_o fill_v their_o wall_n with_o arm_a man_n but_o afterward_o understand_v by_o the_o captive_n who_o caesar_n cause_v to_o be_v bring_v forth_o what_o have_v happen_v to_o they_o of_o gomphi_n they_o present_o open_v their_o gate_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v all_o preserve_v in_o safety_n which_o happiness_n of_o they_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o desolation_n of_o gomphi_n there_o be_v no_o one_o state_n of_o all_o thessalia_n except_v they_o of_o larissa_n which_o be_v keep_v in_o with_o great_a force_n by_o scipio_n but_o yield_v obedience_n to_o caesar_n and_o do_v what_o he_o command_v caesar_n have_v now_o get_v a_o place_n plenteous_a of_o corn_n which_o be_v now_o almost_o ripe_a he_o resolve_v to_o attend_v pompey_n come_n and_o there_o to_o prosecute_v the_o residue_n of_o that_o war_n observation_n livie_n say_v 5._o that_o the_o siege_n of_o that_o place_n which_o we_o will_v quick_o take_v premenda_fw-la must_v be_v prosecute_v and_o urge_v hard_o which_o rule_n caesar_n observe_v for_o he_o follow_v it_o so_o hard_a that_o he_o take_v the_o town_n fortify_v with_o exceed_v high_a wall_n in_o four_o hour_n space_n or_o thereabouts_o after_o he_o begin_v to_o assault_v it_o which_o plutarch_n say_v be_v so_o plentiful_o store_v of_o all_o necessary_a provision_n that_o the_o soldier_n find_v there_o a_o refection_n of_o all_o the_o misery_n and_o want_n they_o suffer_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la insomuch_o as_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v new_o make_v both_o in_o body_n and_o courage_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o wine_n victual_n and_o riches_n of_o that_o place_n which_o be_v all_o give_v unto_o they_o cyri._fw-la according_a to_o that_o of_o xenophon_n lex_fw-la inter_fw-la omnes_fw-la homines_fw-la perpetua_fw-la est_fw-la quando_fw-la belligerantium_fw-la vrbs_fw-la capta_fw-la fuerit_fw-la cuncta_fw-la corum_fw-la esse_fw-la qui_fw-la eam_fw-la ceperint_fw-la &_o corpora_fw-la âorum_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o urbe_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o bona_fw-la legate_n it_o be_v a_o general_a law_n among_o all_o man_n that_o when_o a_o enemy_n town_n be_v forcible_o take_v all_o that_o be_v find_v in_o it_o as_o well_o body_n as_o good_n be_v at_o their_o disposal_n who_o have_v take_v it_o appian_n say_v the_o german_n be_v so_o drink_v that_o they_o make_v all_o man_n laugh_v at_o they_o and_o that_o if_o pompey_n have_v surprise_v they_o in_o these_o disorder_n they_o may_v have_v pay_v dear_a for_o their_o entertainment_n he_o add_v moreover_o to_o show_v the_o stiffness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n against_o caesar_n that_o there_o be_v find_v in_o a_o surgeon_n hall_n twenty_o two_o principal_a personage_n stiff_o dead_a upon_o the_o ground_n without_o appearance_n of_o any_o wound_n have_v their_o goblet_n by_o they_o and_o he_o that_o give_v the_o poison_n sit_v upright_o in_o a_o chair_n as_o dead_a as_o the_o rest_n 8_o and_o as_o phâlip_n have_v take_v acrolisse_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o ââtirians_n draw_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o his_o obedience_n through_o the_o fear_n they_o conceive_v of_o their_o usage_n so_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o calamity_n which_o befall_v gomphi_n and_o the_o good_a entreaty_n which_o the_o metropolitan_o find_v by_o yield_v unto_o caesar_n bring_v all_o the_o other_o city_n under_o his_o command_n chap._n xxix_o pompey_n come_v into_o thessalia_n his_o army_n conceive_v assure_v hope_n of_o victory_n pompey_n a_o few_o day_n after_o come_v into_o thessalia_n caesar_n and_o there_o call_v all_o the_o army_n together_o first_o give_v great_a thanks_o to_o his_o own_o man_n and_o then_o exhort_v scipio_n soldier_n that_o the_o victory_n be_v already_o obtain_v they_o will_v be_v partaker_n of_o the_o booty_n and_o of_o the_o reward_n and_o take_v all_o the_o legion_n into_o one_o camp_n he_o make_v scipio_n partaker_n both_o of_o his_o honour_n and_o authority_n command_v the_o trumpet_n to_o attend_v his_o pleasure_n for_o matter_n of_o direction_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v use_v a_o praetoriall_a pavilion_n pompey_n have_v strengthen_v himself_o with_o a_o addition_n of_o another_o great_a army_n every_o man_n be_v confirm_v in_o his_o former_a opinion_n and_o their_o hope_n of_o victory_n be_v increase_v so_o that_o the_o long_o they_o delaâed_v the_o matter_n the_o more_o they_o seem_v to_o prolong_v their_o return_n into_o italy_n and_o albeit_o pompey_n proceed_v slow_o and_o deliberate_o in_o the_o business_n yet_o it_o be_v but_o a_o day_n work_n but_o some_o there_o be_v that_o say_v he_o be_v well_o please_v with_o authority_n and_o command_n and_o to_o use_v man_n both_o of_o consular_a dignity_n and_o of_o the_o praetorian_a order_n as_o his_o vassal_n and_o servant_n and_o now_o they_o begin_v to_o dispute_v open_o concern_v reward_n and_o dignity_n of_o priesthood_n and_o point_v out_o those_o which_o from_o year_n to_o year_n be_v to_o be_v choose_v consul_n other_o beg_v the_o house_n and_o good_n of_o such_o as_o be_v with_o caesar_n beside_o a_o great_a controversy_n that_o further_o grow_v between_o they_o in_o open_a council_n whether_o l._n hirrus_n be_v not_o to_o be_v regard_v at_o the_o next_o election_n of_o praetor_n be_v absent_a and_o employ_v by_o pompey_n against_o the_o parthian_n and_o as_o his_o friend_n urge_v pompey_n with_o his_o promise_n give_v at_o his_o departure_n require_v he_o may_v not_o now_o be_v deceive_v through_o his_o greatness_n and_o authority_n the_o rest_n run_v a_o course_n of_o as_o great_a danger_n and_o labour_n see_v no_o reason_n by_o way_n of_o contradiction_n why_o one_o man_n shall_v be_v respect_v before_o all_o other_o and_o now_o domitius_n scipio_n and_o spinther_n lentulus_n begin_v to_o grow_v to_o high_a word_n in_o their_o daily_a meeting_n concern_v caesar_n priesthood_n lentulus_n allege_v by_o way_n of_o ostentation_n the_o honour_n that_o be_v due_a to_o his_o age_n and_o authority_n domitius_n vaunt_v of_o the_o credit_n and_o favour_n he_o have_v at_o rome_n and_o scipio_n trust_v to_o pompey_n alliance_n moreover_o atius_n rusus_n accuse_v l._n afranius_n to_o pompey_n for_o betray_v the_o army_n in_o spain_n l._n domitius_n give_v out_o in_o council_n that_o after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v all_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o rank_n of_o senator_n shall_v be_v inquire_v upon_o by_o a_o triple_a commission_n and_o that_o those_o which_o be_v personal_o in_o the_o war_n shall_v be_v of_o the_o commission_n to_o judge_v the_o rest_n as_o well_o such_o as_o be_v at_o rome_n as_o those_o that_o do_v no_o service_n in_o this_o war_n the_o first_o commission_n shall_v be_v to_o clear_v such_o as_o have_v well-deserved_n from_o all_o danger_n the_o second_o penal_a and_o the_o three_o capital_a and_o to_o conclude_v every_o man_n labour_v either_o to_o have_v a_o reward_n or_o to_o be_v avenge_v of_o his_o enemy_n neither_o do_v they_o think_v so_o much_o of_o the_o mean_n how_o to_o overcome_v as_o how_o to_o use_v the_o victory_n the_o first_o observation_n the_o tale_n which_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n relate_v to_o the_o commissioner_n of_o lewis_n the_o eleven_o comineus_n king_n of_o france_n concern_v the_o part_n between_o they_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o charles_n duke_n of_o
other_o at_o rhodes_n for_o as_o many_o as_o flee_v thither_o after_o pompey_n and_o come_v unto_o the_o island_n be_v neither_o receive_v into_o the_o town_n nor_o into_o the_o haven_n but_o be_v command_v by_o messenger_n send_v unto_o they_o to_o depart_v from_o thence_o and_o force_v to_o weigh_v anchor_n against_o their_o will_n and_o now_o the_o fame_n of_o caesar_n come_n be_v spread_v abroad_o throughout_o all_o the_o city_n whereupon_o pompey_n leave_v off_o his_o purpose_n of_o go_v into_o syria_n have_v take_v what_o money_n he_o find_v in_o bank_n beside_o what_o he_o can_v borrow_v of_o his_o private_a friend_n and_o put_v abroad_o great_a store_n of_o brass_n for_o the_o use_n of_o war_n with_o two_o thousand_o arm_a man_n which_o he_o have_v raise_v partly_o out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o partly_o have_v force_v up_o among_o the_o merchant_n and_o such_o other_o of_o his_o follower_n who_o he_o think_v fit_a for_o this_o business_n he_o come_v to_o pelusium_n there_o by_o 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receive_v out_o of_o his_o army_n in_o syria_n and_o have_v bring_v they_o to_o alexandria_n and_o upon_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n have_v leave_v they_o with_o ptolemy_n the_o father_n of_o this_o child_n these_o thing_n be_v know_v such_o as_o have_v the_o procuration_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o boy_n whether_o they_o be_v induce_v through_o fear_n of_o gain_v the_o army_n as_o afterward_o they_o confess_v whereby_o pompey_n may_v easy_o seize_v upon_o alexandria_n and_o egypt_n or_o whether_o despise_v his_o fortune_n as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o time_n of_o misery_n a_o man_n friend_n do_v become_v his_o enemy_n do_v give_v a_o good_a answer_n public_o to_o such_o as_o be_v send_v and_o will_v he_o to_o come_v unto_o the_o king_n but_o secret_o plot_v among_o themselves_o send_v achillas_n a_o chief_a commander_n and_o a_o man_n of_o singular_a audacity_n together_o with_o l._n septimius_n tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n to_o kill_v pompey_n they_o giving_z he_o good_a word_n and_o he_o himself_o also_o know_v septimius_n to_o have_v lead_v a_o company_n under_o he_o in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o pârats_n go_v aboard_o a_o little_a bark_n with_o a_o few_o of_o his_o soldier_n and_o there_o be_v slay_v by_o achillas_n and_o septimius_n in_o like_a manner_n l._n lentulus_n be_v apprehend_v by_o commandment_n from_o the_o king_n and_o kill_v in_o prison_n the_o first_o observation_n if_o it_o be_v now_o demand_v where_o be_v caesar_n desire_n of_o peace_n and_o why_o pursue_v he_o not_o a_o treaty_n of_o composition_n at_o this_o time_n when_o as_o his_o tale_n will_v have_v be_v hear_v with_o gladness_n and_o any_o condition_n of_o atonement_n very_o acceptable_a to_o the_o vanquish_a the_o answer_n be_v already_o make_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o commentary_n that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o time_n of_o make_v peace_n &_o that_o be_v when_o both_o party_n be_v equal_a which_o be_v now_o past_a and_o caesar_n too_o far_o go_v to_o look_v back_o upon_o any_o thing_n that_o may_v work_v a_o reconcilement_n the_o one_o be_v creep_v so_o high_a and_o the_o other_o cast_v down_o so_o low_a that_o they_o seem_v not_o compatible_a in_o any_o medium_fw-la although_o it_o be_v to_o the_o save_n of_o the_o empire_n howbeit_o it_o be_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o pompey_n give_v great_a occasion_n of_o these_o war_n polit._n for_o seneca_n say_v he_o have_v bring_v the_o commonwealth_n to_o that_o pass_n that_o it_o can_v not_o long_o stand_v but_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o servitude_n and_o he_o that_o will_v look_v into_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o confusion_n shall_v find_v all_o those_o causae_fw-la corrumpente_n or_o ruine_v cause_n which_o be_v note_v by_o aristotle_n to_o threaten_v the_o welfare_n of_o a_o state_n in_o the_o excess_n of_o pompey_n exorbitancy_n delphos_n for_o have_v nothing_o in_o a_o mean_a he_o hold_v all_o his_o fortune_n by_o the_o tenure_n of_o nimium_fw-la and_o be_v overgrow_v first_o with_o too_o much_o honour_n second_o with_o too_o much_o wealth_n three_o with_o too_o much_o power_n whereby_o he_o exceed_v the_o proportion_n of_o his_o fellow-citizen_n and_o soblemish_v the_o beauty_n of_o that_o state_n who_o chief_a grace_n be_v in_o a_o suit_v equality_n machiav_n and_o add_v to_o these_o the_o convulsion_n of_o fear_n he_o make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o engage_v rome_n in_o a_o bloody_a war_n as_o have_v no_o other_o hope_n but_o in_o the_o confusion_n of_o arms._n it_o be_v say_v that_o at_o his_o arrival_n at_o mitylene_n he_o have_v much_o conference_n with_o cratippus_n who_o tully_n mention_v in_o his_o office_n wherein_o among_o other_o remonstrance_n the_o philosopher_n make_v it_o plain_a that_o his_o course_n of_o government_n have_v bring_v a_o necessity_n of_o change_v that_o state_n from_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n to_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o just_a monarchy_n approbart_n and_o such_o it_o sell_v to_o caesar_n fortune_n if_o there_o be_v any_o error_n commit_v in_o the_o seizure_n he_o may_v take_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o general_a pardon_n exemplify_v by_o trebellius_n pollio_n that_o no_o nation_n can_v show_v a_o man_n that_o be_v altogether_o blameless_a the_o second_o observation_n concern_v the_o state_n of_o egypt_n we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o alexander_n the_o great_a be_v cut_v off_o by_o death_n his_o captain_n lay_v hold_v upon_o such_o province_n and_o kingdom_n as_o be_v under_o their_o command_n among_o who_o one_o ptolemeus_a the_o son_n of_o lagus_n a_o macedonian_a seize_v upon_o egypt_n where_o he_o reign_v 40_o year_n and_o of_o he_o be_v all_o his_o successor_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o ptolemy_n this_o first_o ptolemy_n possess_v himself_o of_o egypt_n about_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n 3640_o which_o be_v 275_o year_n before_o pompey_n overthrow_n his_o son_n that_o succeed_v by_o the_o name_n of_o ptolemy_n philadelphus_n cause_v the_o bible_n to_o be_v translate_v out_o of_o hebrew_n into_o greek_a by_o 70_o interpreter_n which_o be_v call_v the_o septuagint_n and_o make_v the_o famous_a library_n which_o be_v burn_v in_o these_o war_n the_o father_n of_o this_o young_a ptolemy_n be_v the_o nine_o in_o succession_n from_o the_o first_o and_o at_o his_o death_n make_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n tutor_n to_o his_o child_n his_o elder_a son_n and_o cleopatra_n his_o daughter_n reign_v together_o six_o year_n but_o in_o the_o end_n fall_v to_o strife_n and_o war_n and_o be_v deep_o engage_v therein_o when_o pompey_n arrive_v but_o short_o after_o caesar_n so_o order_v the_o difference_n that_o he_o set_v the_o crown_n upon_o cleopatra_n head_n who_o hold_v it_o peaceable_o until_o she_o come_v to_o play_v that_o tragical_a part_n with_o antony_n which_o be_v end_v the_o kingdom_n be_v then_o reduce_v to_o a_o province_n under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n concern_v this_o miserable_a end_n of_o pompey_n it_o be_v true_o say_v of_o seneca_n 67._o that_o death_n be_v alike_o to_o all_o for_o although_o the_o way_n be_v divers_a by_o which_o it_o happen_v yet_o they_o all_o meet_v in_o the_o same_o end_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o plutarch_n have_v describe_v particular_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o catastrophe_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o insert_v his_o relation_n thereof_o when_o pompey_n hear_v news_n that_o king_n ptolemy_n be_v in_o the_o city_n of_o pelusium_n with_o his_o army_n rompeii_n make_v war_n against_o his_o sister_n he_o go_v thither_o and_o send_v a_o messenger_n before_o unto_o the_o king_n to_o advertise_v he_o of_o his_o arrival_n and_o to_o entreat_v he_o to_o receive_v he_o king_n ptolemy_n be_v then_o but_o a_o young_a man_n insomuch_o that_o one_o photinus_n govern_v all_o the_o whole_a realm_n under_o he_o he_o assemble_v a_o
first_o so_o he_o ask_v he_o what_o be_v he_o that_o be_v dead_a and_o bury_v there_o but_o straight_o fetch_v a_o great_a sigh_n alas_o say_v he_o perhaps_o it_o be_v pompey_n the_o great_a then_o he_o land_v a_o little_a and_o be_v straight_o take_v and_o slay_v this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o pompey_n the_o great_a not_o long_o after_o caesar_n also_o come_v into_o egypt_n that_o be_v in_o great_a war_n where_o pompey_n head_n be_v present_v unto_o he_o but_o he_o turn_v his_o head_n aside_o and_o will_v not_o see_v it_o and_o abhor_v he_o that_o bring_v it_o as_o a_o detestable_a murderer_n then_o take_v his_o ring_n wherewith_o he_o seal_v his_o letter_n whereupon_o be_v grave_v a_o lion_n hold_v a_o sword_n he_o burst_v out_o a_o weep_v achillas_n and_o photinus_n he_o put_v to_o death_n king_n ptolemy_n himself_o also_o be_v overthrow_v in_o battle_n by_o the_o river_n of_o nilus_n vanish_v away_o and_o be_v never_o hear_v of_o after_o theodotus_n the_o rhetorician_n escape_v caesar_n hand_n and_o wander_v up_o and_o down_o egypt_n in_o great_a misery_n despise_v of_o every_o man_n afterward_o marcus_n brutus_n who_o slay_v caesar_n conquer_a asia_n meet_v with_o he_o by_o chance_n and_o put_v he_o to_o all_o the_o torment_n he_o can_v possible_o devise_v at_o the_o length_n slay_v he_o the_o ash_n of_o pompey_n body_n be_v afterward_o bring_v unto_o his_o wife_n cornelia_n who_o bury_v they_o in_o a_o town_n of_o she_o by_o the_o city_n of_o alba._n and_o have_v in_o this_o manner_n pay_v the_o tribute_n which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v exact_a est_fw-la the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n do_v free_a his_o sepulchre_n from_o any_o further_a disturbance_n mortalium_fw-la ubi_fw-la corpus_fw-la demortui_fw-la hominis_fw-la condas_fw-la sacer_fw-la esto_fw-la let_v that_o place_n be_v sacred_a â_o where_o the_o body_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n be_v bury_v only_o this_o may_v be_v add_v 100_o that_o as_o fabius_n be_v call_v maximus_n scipio_n magnus_n and_o pompey_n magnus_n which_o title_n they_o carry_v as_o mark_n of_o special_a nobleness_n to_o raise_v they_o above_o the_o common_a worth_n of_o man_n so_o their_o end_n make_v they_o even_o with_o the_o low_a of_o the_o state_n according_a to_o that_o of_o seneca_n intervallis_fw-la distinguimur_fw-la exitu_fw-la aquamur_fw-la here_o we_o be_v distinguish_v by_o distance_n but_o death_n make_v we_o all_o equal_a chap._n xxxvii_o prodigious_a accident_n happen_v upon_o the_o battle_n in_o pharsalia_n caesar_n come_v into_o egypt_n caesar_n come_v into_o asia_n stile_n find_v t._n ampius_n go_v about_o to_o take_v the_o money_n out_o of_o the_o temple_n of_o diana_n at_o ephesus_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n to_o have_v call_v together_o all_o the_o senator_n that_o be_v in_o the_o province_n that_o he_o may_v use_v they_o as_o witness_n in_o the_o matter_n but_o be_v interrupt_v by_o caesar_n arrival_n he_o flee_v away_o so_o that_o two_o several_a time_n the_o money_n be_v save_v at_o ephesus_n by_o caesar_n mean_n it_o be_v further_o find_v very_o certain_a that_o in_o the_o temple_n of_o minerva_n at_o elis_n a_o just_a calculation_n of_o the_o time_n be_v take_v the_o same_o day_n that_o caesar_n overthrow_v pompey_n the_o image_n of_o victory_n which_o stand_v before_o minerva_n and_o look_v towards_o her_o portraiture_n do_v turn_v itself_o towards_o the_o portall_n and_o the_o temple-gate_n and_o the_o same_o day_n likewise_o there_o be_v such_o a_o noise_n of_o a_o army_n twice_o hear_v at_o antioch_n in_o syria_n and_o such_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n that_o the_o city_n run_v in_o arm_n to_o keep_v the_o wall_n the_o like_a happen_v at_o ptolemais_n and_o likewise_o at_o pergamus_n in_o the_o remote_a and_o hide_a place_n of_o the_o temple_n which_o be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d into_o which_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o enter_v but_o the_o priest_n be_v bell_n hear_v to_o ring_n beside_o at_o tralles_n in_o the_o temple_n of_o victory_n where_o they_o have_v set_v up_o a_o statue_n to_o caesar_n there_o be_v show_v a_o palmtree_n which_o in_o those_o day_n be_v grow_v from_o between_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o stone_n out_o of_o the_o pavement_n caesar_n stay_v a_o few_o day_n in_o asia_n hear_v that_o pompey_n be_v see_v at_o cyprus_n and_o conjecture_v he_o go_v into_o egypt_n for_o the_o amity_n and_o correspondency_n he_o have_v with_o that_o kingdom_n beside_o other_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n he_o come_v to_o alexandria_n with_o two_o legion_n one_o that_o he_o command_v to_o follow_v he_o out_o of_o thessaly_n and_o another_o which_o he_o have_v call_v out_o of_o achaia_n from_o fusius_fw-la a_o legate_n together_o with_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n ten_o galley_n of_o rhodes_n and_o a_o few_o ship_n of_o asia_n in_o these_o legion_n be_v not_o above_o three_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o man_n the_o rest_n be_v either_o wound_v in_o the_o sight_n or_o spend_v with_o travel_n and_o the_o length_n of_o the_o journey_n but_o caesar_n trust_v to_o the_o fame_n of_o his_o great_a exploit_n do_v not_o doubt_v to_o go_v with_o these_o weak_a force_n think_v every_o place_n will_v entertain_v he_o with_o safety_n at_o alexandria_n he_o understand_v of_o pompey_n death_n memphis_n and_o as_o he_o be_v go_v out_o of_o the_o ship_n he_o hear_v a_o clamour_n of_o the_o souldâers_n which_o the_o king_n have_v leave_v to_o keep_v the_o town_n and_o see_v a_o concourse_n of_o people_n gather_v about_o he_o because_o the_o bundle_n of_o rod_n be_v carry_v before_o he_o all_o the_o multitude_n cry_v out_o that_o the_o king_n authority_n be_v diminish_v this_o tumult_n be_v appease_v there_o be_v often_o uproar_n and_o commotion_n of_o the_o people_n for_o every_o day_n after_o and_o many_o soldier_n be_v slay_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o city_n whereupon_o caesar_n give_v order_n for_o other_o legion_n to_o be_v bring_v he_o out_o of_o asia_n which_o he_o raise_v and_o enrol_v of_o pompey_n soldier_n he_o himself_o be_v staâed_v by_o the_o wind_n call_v etesiae_n which_o be_v against_o they_o that_o sail_n from_o alexandria_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o conceive_v that_o if_o the_o controversy_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o sister_n do_v appertain_v to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n then_o consequent_o to_o he_o as_o consul_n and_o so_o much_o the_o rather_o it_o concern_v his_o office_n for_o that_o in_o his_o former_a consulship_n there_o be_v a_o league_n make_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o senate_n with_o ptolemey_n the_o father_n in_o regard_n hereof_o he_o signify_v that_o his_o pleasure_n be_v that_o both_o the_o king_n and_o his_o sister_n cleopatra_n shall_v dismiss_v their_o army_n and_o rather_o plead_v their_o cause_n before_o he_o then_o to_o decide_v it_o by_o arm_n there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n one_o photinus_n a_o eunuch_n that_o have_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o kingdom_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o child_n he_o first_o begin_v to_o complain_v among_o his_o friend_n &_o to_o take_v it_o in_o scorn_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v call_v out_o to_o plead_v his_o cause_n and_o afterward_o have_v get_v some_o assistance_n of_o the_o king_n friend_n he_o draw_v the_o army_n secret_o from_o pelusium_n to_o alexandria_n and_o make_v achillas_n former_o mention_v general_n of_o all_o the_o force_n incite_v he_o forward_o as_o well_o by_o his_o own_o promise_n as_o from_o the_o king_n and_o instruct_v he_o by_o letter_n and_o messenger_n what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v ptolemey_n the_o father_n by_o his_o last_o wâll_n and_o testament_n have_v leave_v for_o heir_n the_o elder_a of_o two_o son_n and_o likewise_o the_o elder_a of_o two_o daughter_n and_o for_o the_o confirmation_n thereof_o have_v in_o the_o same_o will_n charge_v and_o require_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n by_o all_o the_o god_n &_o by_o the_o league_n he_o make_v at_o rome_n to_o see_v this_o accomplish_a for_o which_o purpose_n he_o send_v a_o copy_n of_o his_o will_n to_o rome_n to_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o treasury_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o public_a occasion_n that_o admit_v no_o such_o business_n for_o the_o present_a be_v leave_v with_o pompey_n and_o the_o original_a sign_v and_o seal_v up_o be_v bring_v to_o alexandria_n while_o caesar_n be_v handle_v these_o thing_n be_v very_o desirous_a to_o end_v these_o controversy_n by_o arbitrement_n it_o be_v tell_v he_o on_o a_o sudden_a that_o the_o king_n army_n and_o all_o the_o cavalry_n be_v come_v to_o caesar_n force_n be_v not_o such_o that_o he_o dare_v trust_v upon_o they_o to_o hazard_v battle_n without_o the_o town_n only_o it_o remain_v that_o he_o keep_v himself_o in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v most_o fit_a and_o convenient_a for_o he_o within_o
equal_a condition_n which_o happen_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o passage_n and_o a_o few_o of_o each_o side_n be_v slay_v caesar_n take_v in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v most_o convenient_a for_o he_o &_o fortify_v they_o in_o the_o night_n in_o this_o quarter_n of_o the_o town_n be_v contain_v a_o little_a part_n of_o the_o king_n house_n wherein_o he_o himself_o at_o his_o first_o arrival_n be_v appoint_v to_o lodge_v and_o a_o theatre_n join_v to_o the_o house_n which_o be_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o castle_n and_o have_v a_o passage_n to_o the_o port_n and_o to_o other_o part_n of_o road._n the_o day_n follow_v he_o increase_v these_o fortification_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v have_v they_o as_o a_o wall_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o thereby_o need_v not_o fight_v against_o his_o will_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o young_a daughter_n of_o king_n ptolemey_n hope_v to_o obtain_v the_o crown_n now_o in_o question_n find_v mean_n to_o convey_v herself_o out_o of_o the_o king_n house_n to_o achillas_n and_o both_o joint_o together_o undertake_v the_o manage_n of_o that_o war_n but_o present_o there_o grow_v a_o controversy_n between_o they_o who_o shall_v command_v in_o chief_a which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a largess_n and_o reward_n to_o the_o soldier_n either_o of_o they_o be_v at_o great_a charge_n and_o expense_n to_o gain_v their_o good_a will_n while_o the_o enemy_n be_v busy_v in_o these_o thing_n photinus_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o young_a king_n &_o superintendent_n of_o the_o kingdom_n on_o caesar_n party_n send_v messenger_n to_o achillas_n exhort_v he_o not_o to_o desist_v in_o the_o business_n or_o to_o be_v discourage_v upon_o the_o discover_n and_o apprehension_n of_o which_o messenger_n caesar_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v slay_v and_o these_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a war_n observation_n pharus_n be_v a_o little_a island_n in_o the_o sea_n over_o against_o alexandria_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o ptolemy_n philadelph_n build_v a_o tower_n of_o a_o exceed_a height_n all_o of_o white_a marble_n it_o contain_v many_o stage_n and_o have_v in_o the_o top_n many_o great_a lantern_n to_o keep_v light_n in_o the_o night_n for_o a_o mark_n to_o such_o as_o be_v at_o sea_n the_o architector_n ingrave_v thereupon_o this_o inscription_n sostrate_v gââidius_n the_o son_n of_o dexiphanes_n to_o the_o god_n conservator_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o navigatour_n it_o be_v reckon_v for_o one_o of_o the_o seven_o wonder_n of_o the_o world_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v the_o temple_n of_o diana_n at_o ephesus_n the_o second_o be_v the_o sepulchre_n which_o artemisia_n queen_n of_o caria_n make_v for_o her_o husband_n mausolus_n who_o ash_n she_o drink_v the_o three_o be_v the_o colossus_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o rhodes_n the_o four_o be_v the_o wall_n of_o babylon_n the_o five_o be_v the_o pyramid_n of_o egypt_n the_o six_o be_v the_o image_n of_o jupiter_n olympius_n at_o elis_n which_o be_v make_v by_o phidias_n and_o contain_v threescore_o cubit_n in_o height_n and_o be_v all_o of_o ivory_n and_o pure_a gold_n and_o the_o seven_o be_v this_o pharus_n finis_fw-la a_o continuation_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n begin_v where_o caesar_n leave_v and_o deduce_v the_o history_n to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n write_a by_o a._n hirtius_n pansa_n with_o some_o short_a observation_n thereupon_o together_o with_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o modern_a train_n or_o tactick_a practice_n london_n print_v by_o roger_n daniel_n 1655._o the_o eight_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n write_v by_o aulus_n hirtius_n chap._n i._n the_o gall_n raise_v new_a trouble_n in_o divers_a place_n caesar_n scatter_v and_o waste_v the_o bituriges_n and_o after_o that_o the_o carnutes_n after_o that_o all_o gallia_n be_v subdue_v forasmuch_o as_o caesar_n have_v rest_v no_o part_n of_o the_o former_a summer_n from_o war_n he_o be_v desirous_a to_o refiesh_v his_o soldier_n after_o so_o 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not_o settle_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o gall_n caesar_n leave_v m._n antonius_n the_o quaestor_n with_o charge_n of_o his_o winter_n garrison_n go_v with_o a_o strong_a company_n of_o horseman_n the_o last_o day_n of_o december_n from_o bibracte_n to_o his_o twelve_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v place_v not_o far_o from_o the_o border_n of_o the_o hedui_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bituriges_n and_o take_v thereunto_o the_o eleven_o legion_n which_o be_v next_o unto_o it_o leave_v two_o cohort_n to_o defend_v his_o stuff_n and_o carriage_n he_o lead_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n into_o the_o most_o plentiful_a field_n of_o the_o bituriges_n the_o which_o be_v a_o large_a country_n and_o full_a of_o town_n can_v not_o be_v keep_v in_o awe_n with_o the_o garrison_n of_o one_o legion_n among_o they_o but_o that_o they_o prepare_v for_o war_n and_o make_v conspiracy_n by_o the_o sudden_a come_n of_o caesar_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v which_o must_v needs_o happen_v to_o such_o as_o be_v unprovided_a and_o scatter_a abroad_o that_o such_o as_o be_v till_v the_o ground_n without_o fear_n be_v surprise_v in_o the_o field_n by_o our_o horseman_n before_o they_o can_v get_v they_o into_o the_o to_n for_o at_o that_o time_n the_o common_a token_n of_o invasion_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v perceive_v by_o burn_v of_o house_n be_v by_o caesar_n commandment_n forbear_v lest_o they_o shall_v either_o want_v forage_n and_o corn_n if_o they_o be_v mind_v to_o make_v any_o further_o ride_v into_o the_o country_n or_o else_o that_o their_o enemy_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o fire_n shall_v convey_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o way_n after_o that_o many_o thousand_o of_o man_n have_v be_v take_v the_o bituriges_n be_v sore_o afraid_a such_o of_o they_o as_o can_v escape_v out_o of_o the_o roman_n hand_n at_o their_o first_o come_n upon_o confidence_n either_o of_o the_o old_a acquaintance_n and_o familiarity_n that_o have_v be_v private_o between_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o resort_v as_o guest_n one_o to_o another_o or_o of_o their_o mutual_a agreement_n and_o partake_n in_o the_o same_o device_n flee_v into_o the_o next_o city_n but_o all_o be_v in_o vain_a for_o caesar_n by_o great_a journey_n come_v so_o sudden_o upon_o all_o place_n that_o he_o give_v not_o any_o city_n leisure_n to_o think_v of_o the_o safeguard_n of_o other_o folk_n rather_o than_o of_o themselves_o through_o the_o which_o speed_n he_o both_o keep_v his_o friend_n faithful_a unto_o he_o and_o put_v the_o waver_a sort_n in_o such_o fear_n that_o he_o compel_v they_o to_o be_v glad_a to_o receive_v peace_n the_o matter_n stand_v in_o this_o case_n when_o the_o bituriges_n see_v that_o through_o caesar_n gentleness_n there_o be_v yet_o a_o way_n for_o they_o to_o return_v into_o his_o favour_n again_o and_o that_o the_o next_o state_n have_v deliver_v he_o hostage_n and_o be_v thereupon_o receive_v to_o mercy_n without_o further_a punishment_n they_o themselves_o do_v in_o like_o wise_a caesar_n because_o his_o man_n have_v patient_o endure_v so_o great_a travel_n in_o the_o winter_n day_n through_o most_o cumbersome_a way_n in_o intolerable_a cold_a weather_n and_o continue_v most_o resolute_o in_o the_o same_o to_o the_o uttermost_a promise_v to_o give_v to_o his_o soldier_n two_o hundred_o sesterce_n apiece_o and_o to_o the_o captain_n 2000_o apiece_o in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o prey_n &_o so_o send_v his_o legion_n again_o into_o their_o winter_v place_n he_o himself_o return_v to_o bibracte_n the_o fourti_v day_n after_o his_o set_n forth_o there_o as_o he_o be_v minister_a of_o justice_n the_o bituriges_n send_v messenger_n unto_o he_o desire_v help_n against_o the_o carnutes_n who_o they_o complain_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o this_o news_n when_o he_o have_v not_o
misfortune_n be_v daunt_v or_o overcome_v never_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o battle_n nor_o make_v towards_o the_o wood_n neither_o can_v by_o the_o entreaty_n of_o our_o man_n be_v persuade_v âo_o yield_v himself_o but_o fight_v most_o valiant_o and_o hurt_v many_o of_o our_o man_n he_o so_o far_o exasperate_v the_o victor_n that_o they_o can_v not_o forbear_v to_o throw_v their_o dart_n at_o he_o and_o dispatch_v he_o chap._n v._n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o gall_n submit_v themselves_o to_o caesar_n comius_n in_o danger_n to_o be_v slay_v by_o treachery_n the_o matter_n be_v bring_v to_o this_o pass_n caesar_n pursue_v his_o newly-got_a victory_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o think_v that_o his_o enemy_n be_v discourage_v with_o so_o great_a a_o misfortune_n will_v immediate_o upon_o the_o news_n thereof_o forsake_v the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v encamp_v which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v not_o above_o eight_o mile_n from_o the_o place_n where_o the_o slaughter_n be_v make_v although_o he_o see_v it_o will_v be_v some_o trouble_n to_o he_o to_o pass_v the_o river_n yet_o pass_v he_o his_o army_n and_o march_v towards_o they_o but_o the_o bellovaci_n and_o the_o other_o state_n upon_o the_o return_n of_o a_o few_o of_o their_o man_n and_o those_o wound_v out_o of_o the_o chase_n which_o have_v escape_v the_o mischance_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o wood_n understand_v by_o they_o their_o own_o great_a misfortune_n and_o misery_n by_o the_o death_n of_o corbeus_n the_o loss_n of_o their_o horseman_n and_o the_o âlaughter_n of_o their_o stout_a footman_n and_o mistrust_v that_o the_o roman_n will_v out_o of_o hand_n come_v upon_o they_o immediate_o call_v a_o assembly_n by_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o trumpet_n and_o cry_v all_o with_o one_o voice_n to_o send_v ambassador_n and_o hostage_n to_o caesar_n when_o comius_n of_o arras_n perceive_v that_o this_o motion_n will_v be_v entertain_v he_o flee_v to_o those_o german_n of_o who_o he_o have_v borrow_a assistance_n to_o the_o war_n the_o rest_n send_v ambassador_n present_o unto_o caesar_n desire_v he_o to_o content_v himself_o with_o that_o punishment_n of_o his_o enemy_n which_o if_o he_o may_v have_v lay_v upon_o they_o without_o battle_n in_o their_o chief_a prosperity_n they_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o of_o his_o clemency_n and_o courtesy_n he_o will_v not_o have_v do_v it_o the_o bellovaci_n say_v that_o their_o power_n be_v weaken_v by_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o horseman_n many_o thousand_o of_o their_o choice_a footman_n be_v cut_v off_o scarce_o any_o escape_n to_o bring_v tiding_n of_o the_o slaughter_n yet_o notwithstanding_o their_o great_a misfortune_n they_o have_v by_o that_o battle_n receive_v this_o happiness_n that_o corbeus_n the_o author_n of_o the_o war_n and_o raiser_n of_o the_o multitude_n be_v slay_v for_o as_o long_o as_o he_o be_v alive_a the_o senate_n can_v never_o bear_v so_o great_a sway_n in_o the_o city_n as_o the_o rude_a and_o unskilful_a commonalty_n as_o the_o ambassador_n be_v speak_v these_o thing_n caesar_n put_v they_o in_o mind_n that_o about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o last_o year_n the_o bellovaci_n and_o other_o state_n of_o gallia_n raise_v war_n and_o that_o they_o above_o all_o other_o stand_v most_o stiff_o in_o their_o opinion_n and_o will_v not_o be_v reduce_v to_o obedience_n by_o the_o submission_n of_o the_o rest_n he_o tell_v they_o he_o know_v and_o understand_v it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o lay_v the_o fault_n of_o their_o offence_n upon_o he_o that_o be_v dead_a but_o he_o be_v sure_a that_o there_o be_v no_o man_n of_o so_o great_a power_n that_o against_o the_o nobleman_n will_n the_o senate_n resist_v he_o and_o all_o good_a man_n withstand_v he_o can_v with_o a_o weak_a handful_n of_o the_o commonalty_n raise_v a_o war_n and_o go_v through_o with_o it_o nevertheless_o he_o be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o punishment_n which_o they_o have_v bring_v upon_o themselves_o the_o night_n follow_v the_o ambassador_n return_v this_o answer_n to_o those_o that_o send_v they_o and_o forthwith_o they_o give_v hostage_n then_o also_o the_o ambassador_n of_o other_o state_n which_o wait_v to_o see_v what_o success_n the_o bellovaci_n will_v have_v come_v to_o caesar_n give_v hostage_n and_o perform_v his_o command_n only_a comius_n stand_v off_o who_o dare_v not_o for_o fear_n trust_v his_o life_n into_o any_o man_n hand_n for_o the_o year_n before_o titus_n labâenus_n perceive_v how_o while_n caesar_n be_v minister_a justice_n in_o the_o hither_o gallia_n comius_n stir_v up_o the_o state_n and_o make_v confederacy_n against_o caesar_n think_v he_o may_v without_o be_v account_v a_o faithâbreaker_n revenge_v his_o treacherous_a carriage_n and_o thereupon_o because_o be_v think_v he_o will_v not_o at_o his_o send_v for_o come_v into_o the_o camp_n lest_o he_o shall_v by_o such_o a_o message_n make_v he_o more_o cautious_a he_o send_v c._n volusenus_n quadratus_n to_o murder_v he_o under_o pretence_n of_o commune_v with_o he_o and_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o matter_n he_o send_v with_o he_o certain_a select_a centurion_n for_o the_o purpose_n when_o they_o come_v to_o conference_n and_o that_o volusenus_n as_o it_o be_v agree_v upon_o have_v catch_v comius_n by_o the_o right_a hand_n one_o of_o the_o centurion_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v move_v at_o the_o strangeness_n of_o the_o matter_n give_v comius_n a_o shrewd_a blow_n on_o the_o head_n with_o his_o sword_n howbeit_o he_o can_v not_o dispatch_v he_o because_o his_o friend_n step_v in_o and_o save_v he_o by_o and_o by_o be_v draw_v of_o sword_n on_o both_o side_n and_o yet_o none_o of_o both_o party_n be_v mind_v to_o fight_v but_o to_o fly_v away_o our_o man_n because_o they_o believe_v that_o comius_n have_v have_v his_o death_n wound_n the_o gall_n because_o perceive_v the_o treachery_n they_o fear_v there_o have_v be_v more_o behind_o than_o they_o see_v upon_o which_o business_n it_o be_v report_v that_o comius_n vow_v he_o will_v never_o come_v in_o the_o fight_n of_o any_o roman_a chap._n vi_o caesar_n dispose_v his_o force_n into_o several_a part_n of_o gallia_n and_o himself_o waste_v the_o country_n of_o ambiorix_n when_o caesar_n have_v subdue_v the_o nation_n that_o be_v most_o warlike_a perceive_v there_o be_v now_o no_o city_n that_o prepare_v war_n to_o stand_v against_o he_o but_o that_o many_o to_o eschew_v the_o present_a yoke_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n leave_v their_o town_n and_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o field_n he_o determine_v to_o send_v his_o army_n abroad_o into_o divers_a quarter_n m._n aâtonius_n the_o quaestor_n with_o the_o eleven_o legion_n he_o take_v to_o himself_o c._n fabius_n the_o legate_n with_o twenty_o five_o cohort_n he_o send_v into_o the_o far_a part_n of_o all_o gallia_n because_o he_o hear_v say_v that_o certain_a state_n be_v there_o in_o arm_n and_o that_o he_o think_v c._n caninius_n rebâlus_n the_o legate_n have_v not_o a_o sufficient_a strength_n of_o those_o 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the_o next_o year_n and_o that_o the_o rather_o because_o his_o adversary_n proud_o make_v their_o brag_n that_o l._n lentulus_n and_o c._n marcellus_n be_v create_v consul_n to_o deprive_v caesar_n of_o all_o honour_n and_o authority_n and_o that_o the_o consulship_n be_v wrest_v from_o sergius_n galba_n though_o he_o have_v more_o voice_n on_o his_o side_n because_o he_o be_v a_o familiar_a friend_n of_o caesar_n and_o have_v be_v engage_v unto_o he_o as_o his_o legate_n caesar_n at_o his_o come_n among_o the_o municipal_a town_n be_v entertain_v with_o extraordinary_a affection_n and_o respect_n that_o be_v his_o first_o come_v from_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n nothing_o be_v omit_v that_o can_v be_v devise_v for_o the_o deck_v and_o adorn_v of_o their_o gate_n way_n and_o place_n where_o caesar_n shall_v pass_v all_o the_o people_n come_v forth_o with_o their_o child_n to_o meet_v he_o by_o the_o way_n sacrifice_n be_v every_o where_o offer_v the_o temple_n and_o market-place_n be_v 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lay_v down_o their_o arm_n and_o dismiss_v their_o army_n and_o so_o shall_v the_o city_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o use_v she_o own_o right_a as_o she_o please_v this_o he_o not_o only_o propound_v but_o begin_v to_o divide_v the_o senate_n about_o it_o which_o the_o consul_n and_o the_o friend_n of_o pompey_n command_v shall_v not_o be_v do_v and_o so_o rule_v the_o matter_n as_o they_o list_v they_o depart_v this_o be_v a_o great_a testimony_n of_o the_o whole_a senate_n and_o agreeable_a to_o their_o former_a act_n for_o marcellus_n the_o year_n before_o oppose_v caesar_n dignity_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o pompey_n and_o crassus_n and_o have_v put_v up_o a_o bill_n to_o the_o senate_n for_o the_o discharge_n of_o caesar_n before_o the_o time_n of_o his_o commission_n be_v expire_v when_o they_o have_v give_v their_o voice_n marcellus_n who_o seek_v all_o his_o honour_n by_o work_a spite_n against_o caesar_n depart_v aside_o and_o the_o senate_n fall_v all_o of_o they_o quite_o upon_o other_o matter_n this_o do_v not_o at_o all_o daunt_v the_o spirit_n of_o caesar_n enemy_n but_o rather_o stir_v they_o up_o to_o strengthen_v their_o party_n and_o thereby_o to_o compel_v the_o senate_n to_o approve_v of_o that_o which_o they_o have_v determine_v hereupon_o a_o decree_n be_v make_v that_o cneius_n pompeius_n shall_v send_v one_o legion_n and_o caesar_n another_o to_o the_o war_n against_o the_o parthian_n but_o it_o be_v easy_o discern_v that_o both_o these_o legion_n be_v take_v from_o caesar_n for_o the_o first_o legion_n which_o cneius_n pompeius_n have_v send_v unto_o caesar_n levy_v in_o the_o province_n he_o give_v unto_o caesar_n as_o one_o of_o his_o own_o number_n nevertheless_o albeit_o that_o no_o man_n need_v doubt_v but_o that_o caesar_n be_v spoil_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o his_o enemy_n yet_o he_o send_v pompey_n his_o legion_n again_o and_o of_o his_o own_o force_n he_o order_v the_o fifteen_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v in_o the_o hither_o gallia_n to_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o according_a to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o the_o room_n whereof_o he_o send_v the_o thirteen_o legion_n into_o italy_n to_o lie_v in_o garrison_n in_o the_o same_o place_n from_o whence_o the_o fifteen_o be_v draw_v then_o he_o distribute_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n c._n trebonius_n with_o four_o legion_n he_o place_v in_o belgium_n c._n fabius_n with_o as_o many_o among_o the_o hedui_n for_o this_o he_o think_v will_v be_v the_o best_a way_n to_o keep_v gallia_n in_o most_o safety_n and_o quiet_a if_o the_o belgae_n who_o be_v the_o most_o valorous_a and_o the_o hedui_n who_o be_v of_o most_o authority_n have_v force_n quarter_v among_o they_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n this_o do_v he_o take_v his_o journey_n into_o italy_n when_o he_o come_v thither_o he_o understand_v that_o the_o two_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v dismiss_v which_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n shall_v have_v be_v employ_v in_o the_o parthian_a war_n be_v by_o c._n marcellus_n the_o consul_n deliver_v to_o pompey_n and_o keep_v still_o in_o italy_n although_o by_o this_o deal_n it_o be_v evident_a to_o all_o the_o world_n what_o be_v intend_v against_o caesar_n yet_o caesar_n determine_v to_o take_v all_o thing_n patient_o as_o long_o as_o he_o have_v any_o hope_n leave_v to_o decide_v the_o controversy_n rather_o by_o the_o law_n then_o by_o the_o sword_n observation_n upon_o the_o eight_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n some_o attribute_n the_o so_o frequent_a revolt_n of_o the_o gall_n to_o their_o changeable_a and_o impatient_a humour_n which_o can_v endure_v to_o be_v lord_v over_o by_o stranger_n and_o other_o to_o the_o too_o great_a clemency_n of_o caesar_n i_o grant_v that_o clemency_n apt_a to_o pardon_n embolden_v to_o revolt_v for_o that_o we_o easy_o forget_v all_o benefit_n which_o do_v not_o entire_o establish_v our_o liberty_n but_o if_o cruelty_n cause_v they_o less_o frequent_a yet_o it_o render_v they_o more_o dangerous_a for_o that_o when_o despair_n drive_v man_n thereunto_o and_o that_o the_o hope_n of_o safety_n rest_v only_o in_o voctory_n the_o revolt_a become_v all_o valiant_a obstinate_a constant_a and_o faithful_a to_o the_o end_n which_o never_o fall_v out_o where_o there_o be_v hope_n of_o the_o enemy_n clemency_n we_o have_v here_o plentiful_a example_n thereof_o caesar_n in_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o gall_n have_v often_o find_v great_a facility_n to_o reduce_v they_o to_o his_o obedience_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o clemency_n which_o have_v be_v a_o powerful_a mean_n for_o he_o to_o make_v division_n among_o themselves_o and_o to_o prevent_v obstinacy_n in_o their_o revolt_n and_o if_o sometime_o it_o have_v so_o happen_v that_o he_o have_v use_v severity_n it_o have_v be_v occasion_v by_o fowl_n and_o unworthy_a act_n as_o when_o the_o veneti_n under_o public_a faith_n imprison_v the_o roman_a officer_n which_o come_v to_o they_o to_o buy_v corn_n for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o the_o army_n but_o i_o can_v excuse_v that_o of_o uxellodunum_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n execute_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n drive_v poor_a fisherman_n so_o into_o despair_n that_o they_o have_v shake_v off_o his_o insupportable_a yoke_n and_o with_o a_o admirable_a constancy_n have_v maintain_v and_o enrich_v themselves_o and_o be_v grow_v so_o potent_a as_o that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v he_o by_o land_n and_o by_o sea_n take_v from_o he_o his_o treasure_n in_o the_o indies_n caesar_n show_v we_o also_o by_o his_o care_n and_o industry_n to_o get_v intelligence_n of_o the_o enemy_n proceed_n whether_o by_o take_v prisoner_n in_o the_o field_n or_o by_o have_v good_a spy_n the_o advantage_n which_o may_v be_v make_v thereof_o many_o
of_o his_o successful_a design_n have_v be_v found_v thereupon_o there_o be_v great_a advantage_n in_o the_o attempt_v they_o for_o that_o he_o which_o assâileth_v have_v more_o courage_n than_o he_o which_o be_v assail_v and_o always_o believe_v the_o assailant_n to_o be_v the_o strong_a not_o know_v what_o part_n he_o will_v assail_v and_o ever_o jealous_a that_o he_o have_v some_o secret_a intelligence_n brief_o all_o that_o a_o well-exercised_n and_o well-disciplined_n army_n be_v able_a to_o do_v in_o such_o a_o case_n be_v to_o defend_v itself_o but_o where_o be_v new-levied_n soldier_n fall_v out_o great_a disorder_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n he_o take_v so_o much_o care_n to_o fortify_v his_o camp_n very_o strong_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v defend_v it_o and_o all_o his_o baggage_n with_o a_o few_o man_n and_o may_v without_o danger_n execute_v many_o brave_a design_n be_v always_o assure_v of_o his_o retreat_n let_v we_o far_o take_v view_n of_o the_o siege_n of_o uxellodunum_n which_o caesar_n judge_v to_o be_v impregnable_a by_o âorce_n and_o know_v it_o to_o be_v well_o provide_v of_o corn_n undertake_v by_o a_o great_a &_o dangerous_a labour_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o water_n which_o be_v from_o a_o fountain_n without_o the_o town_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v only_o supply_v which_o the_o besiege_a perceive_v have_v set_v fire_n on_o caesar_n work_n by_o a_o sally_n they_o hinder_v he_o from_o quench_v it_o caesar_n not_o be_v able_a to_o repulse_v they_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n resolve_v to_o make_v a_o assault_n upon_o the_o town_n which_o apprehension_n cause_v they_o to_o retreat_n the_o manner_n of_o our_o modern_a train_n or_o tactick_a practice_n by_o clement_n edmond_n remembrancer_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n forasmuch_o as_o my_o purpose_n be_v to_o make_v this_o task_n of_o observation_n as_o a_o parallel_n to_o our_o modern_a discipline_n i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o mingle_v the_o tactick_a practice_n of_o these_o time_n with_o the_o use_n of_o forego_v age_n but_o rather_o to_o shut_v up_o these_o discourse_n therewith_o as_o the_o second_o line_n of_o this_o warlike_a parallel_n which_o be_v thus_o draw_v in_o the_o best_a fashion_n of_o modern_a art_n in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o marshal_v a_o army_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o especial_o to_o be_v regard_v then_o that_o from_o a_o confuse_a company_n of_o man_n have_v choose_v the_o fit_a for_o the_o war_n we_o shall_v so_o place_v and_o digest_v a_o convenient_a number_n of_o they_o that_o in_o march_n in_o encamp_v in_o battle_n we_o may_v be_v able_a with_o a_o few_o well_o order_v to_o encounter_v a_o far_o great_a army_n in_o confusion_n and_o to_o overthrow_v they_o from_o hence_o aeneas_n do_v define_v the_o art_n of_o war_n to_o be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o warlike_a motion_n before_o this_o unexpert_a army_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o be_v move_v in_o such_o fashion_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o acquaint_v it_o with_o the_o most_o usual_a term_n wherewith_o they_o shall_v be_v often_o command_v into_o diverse_a posture_n as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v for_o as_o in_o the_o art_n of_o fence_v no_o man_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o turn_v and_o wind_v his_o body_n for_o his_o best_a advantage_n to_o offend_v his_o enemy_n or_o defend_v himself_o unless_o first_o his_o master_n shall_v instruct_v he_o in_o the_o several_a part_n and_o posture_n thereof_o so_o every_o soldier_n or_o the_o whole_a troup_n as_o one_o body_n or_o one_o soldier_n shall_v never_o be_v ready_o instruct_v to_o transform_v or_o turn_v itself_o by_o divers_a motion_n into_o different_a form_n unless_o they_o first_o understand_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o front_n and_o flank_n by_o file_n and_o rank_n what_o by_o leader_n and_o follower_n by_o middleman_n and_o bringer_n up_o by_o this_o mean_v each_o soldier_n understanding_n what_o the_o term_n do_v signify_v shall_v ready_o both_o apprehend_v and_o execute_v such_o commandment_n as_o the_o captain_n or_o officer_n shall_v direct_v he_o a_o file_n be_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o man_n follow_v single_o one_o leader_n unto_o the_o depth_n of_o 8_o or_o 10_o file_n as_o they_o shall_v be_v command_v the_o ancient_n have_v call_v this_o file_n seriem_fw-la ordinationem_fw-la or_o decuriam_fw-la it_o consist_v of_o leader_n and_o follower_n place_v according_a to_o their_o worth_n and_o valour_n and_o especial_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v regard_v the_o leader_n or_o decurio_fw-la the_o five_o six_o or_o middleman_n and_o the_o ten_o and_o last_o call_v the_o bringer_n up_z or_o tergiductor_n first_o therefore_o every_o soldier_n be_v apt_o fit_v unto_o his_o several_a arm_n according_a to_o his_o worth_n leader_n age_n and_o stature_n they_o be_v to_o be_v dispose_v into_o several_a file_n wherein_o every_o one_o be_v especial_o to_o acknowledge_v his_o leader_n or_o foremost_a man_n to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o all_o his_o motion_n 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charge_n and_o to_o retreat_n with_o all_o which_o several_a note_n the_o soldier_n be_v so_o familiar_o to_o be_v acquaint_v that_o so_o soon_o as_o he_o hear_v they_o beat_v he_o may_v be_v ready_a sudden_o to_o put_v they_o in_o execution_n as_o if_o he_o hear_v his_o captain_n pronounce_v as_o much_o the_o direction_n by_o word_n of_o mouth_n be_v infinite_a mouth_n according_a to_o the_o different_a occasion_n which_o shall_v be_v offer_v yet_o always_o with_o this_o caveat_n that_o they_o be_v short_a yet_o perspicuous_a without_o all_o ambiguity_n and_o plain_o pronounce_v first_o by_o the_o captain_n then_o derive_v by_o the_o sergeant_n through_o the_o division_n or_o battallion_n though_o infinite_a yet_o the_o most_o usual_a be_v these_o to_o your_o arm_n keep_v your_o file_n keep_v your_o rank_n division_n follow_v your_o leader_n leader_n look_v to_o your_o file_n keep_v your_o distance_n face_n to_o your_o right_a hand_n face_n to_o your_o left_a hand_n close_o your_o 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war_n their_o manner_n of_o victual_v caesar_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o imbattel_v by_o tripleâ_n aâies_n lib._n 1._o de_fw-la bello_fw-la civili_fw-la lib._n 3._o de_fw-la bello_fw-la civili_fw-la lib._n 5._o the_o militia_n romana_fw-la a_o phalanx_n describe_v caesar_n speech_n of_o encouragement_n before_o they_o give_v battle_n lib._n 7._o de_fw-la bello_fw-la gallico_n the_o roman_a pile_n describe_v lib._n â_o de_fw-fr militia_n roman_n lib._n 5._o salusâ_n the_o ensign_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o division_n of_o their_o day_n caesar_n langre_n periculum_fw-la ãâ¦ã_z caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n tthe_o authority_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n liv._o lib._n 8._o lib._n 3._o de_fw-la bello_fw-la civili_fw-la caesar_n caesar_n le_fw-fr doux_fw-fr caesar_n whether_o man_n have_v great_a courage_n in_o their_o own_o or_o in_o a_o stranger_n country_n caesar_n footman_n intermingle_v among_o horseman_n lib._n 6._o lib._n 3._o the_o exâid_n lib._n 3._o de_fw-fr bello_fw-la africano_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n the_o use_n of_o lot_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n the_o country_n about_o bâauvois_n bâauvois_n the_o country_n about_o soâssons_n soâssons_n the_o people_n about_o tournay_n tournay_n arras_n arras_n amiens_n amiens_n vermandois_n vermandois_n tervenne_fw-fr tervenne_fw-fr liege_n 308000._o in_o all_o all_o la_fw-fr disne_n caesar_n a_o legion_n what_o it_o be_v lib._n 4._o de_fw-fr vita_fw-la romuli_n liv._o lib._n 22._o taciâus_n â_o hist_o velite_n hastati_fw-la principes_fw-la triarii_fw-la lib._n ãâã_d lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr mil._n rom._n the_o use_n of_o this_o division_n the_o distinction_n of_o their_o company_n manipuli_fw-la ordines_fw-la cohors_fw-la lib._n 3._o de_fw-la re_fw-mi âust_z a_o legion_n range_v in_o battle_n the_o first_o order_n 3_o de_fw-fr bello_fw-la civili_fw-la prima_fw-la cohorâ_n the_o benefit_n of_o this_o discipline_n the_o benefit_n of_o small_a battalion_n and_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o great_a squadron_n squadron_n bray_v in_o the_o county_n of_o reâell_n to_o take_v a_o town_n by_o surprise_n a_o testudo_fw-la describe_v lib._n 44._o lib._n 4â_n the_o necessity_n of_o good_a discovery_n discovery_n now_o england_n the_o order_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o discovery_n slingers_n with_o their_o art_n and_o use_v lib._n â_o lib._n 2._o ãâã_d quest_n ãâã_d caesar_n caesar_n noâon_n caesar_n caesar_n soyssons_fw-fr agger_fw-la or_o mount_v tower_n or_o turret_n describe_v caesar_n the_o bellovaci_n take_v to_o mercy_n the_o ambiani_n yield_v up_o themselves_o the_o nervii_n nervii_n sambre_n near_o namur_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o roman_a march_n the_o two_o respect_n which_o caesar_n have_v in_o order_v a_o mârâh_n 1_o safety_n 2_o conveniency_n agmen_fw-la quadratum_fw-la quadratum_fw-la lib._n 8._o the_o bell_n gall._n gall._n 60._o epist_n lib_fw-la 6._o agmen_fw-la longum_fw-la lib._n 5._o de_fw-la bello_fw-la gall._n the_o use_n that_o may_v be_v make_v of_o this_o in_o our_o modern_a war_n caesar_n the_o descript_n on_o of_o the_o roman_a camp_n with_o all_o the_o part_n belong_v unto_o it_o the_o lodging_n of_o the_o legion_n quintana_n principia_fw-la the_o tent_n of_o the_o tribune_n the_o space_n between_o the_o tent_n and_o the_o rampire_n contubernium_fw-la the_o ditch_n and_o the_o rampire_n agger_fw-la vallum_n praetoria_n porta_fw-la porte_fw-fr decumana_fw-la porte_fw-fr principales_fw-la laeva_fw-la dextra_fw-la castra_n aestiva_fw-la hiberna_fw-la the_o commodity_n of_o this_o encamp_a the_o ceremony_n which_o they_o use_v in_o their_o preparation_n to_o battle_n caesar_n and_o therefore_o i_o rather_o take_v it_o be_v something_o else_o than_o a_o word_n the_o place_n and_o office_n of_o ãâã_d primipile_n the_o target_n describe_v lib._n 16._o cap._n 40._o caesar_n lib._n the_o militia_n ju._n cae._n cae._n either_o douai_n or_o boldaâ_n in_o brabant_n caesar_n circumvallatio_n in_o the_o seven_o commentary_n aries_n or_o the_o ram._n cales_n aries_n simplex_fw-la aries_n composita_fw-la to_o give_v notice_n of_o a_o alarm_n by_o fire_n lib._n 25._o the_o punishment_n which_o the_o roman_n lay_v upon_o a_o conquer_a nation_n caesar_n of_o this_o supplication_n i_o âill_v speak_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o four_o book_n caesar_n caesar_n the_o force_n of_o novelty_n turn_v the_o fortune_n of_o a_o battle_n caesar_n caesar_n savoyard_n savoyard_n le_fw-fr perche_n perche_n cornoaille_fw-fr in_o bretaigne_n ãâã_d ãâã_d vannes_n the_o weakness_n of_o our_o judgement_n inâegâârd_v of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o ãâ¦ã_z the_o authority_n of_o example_n caesar_n caesar_n ligâris_fw-la the_o ground_n of_o that_o reverend_a opinion_n which_o be_v hold_v of_o ambassador_n caesar_n lendriguer_n lisieux_n nantes_n auren_n be_v leââdoââ_n city_n in_o little_a britain_n britain_n trier_n caesar_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n spring-tide_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o ship_n lib._n 28._o the_o manner_n of_o sea-sight_n lib._n 2._o de_fw-la bello_fw-la civili_fw-la caesar_n the_o force_n of_o industry_n industry_n la_fw-fr perchâ_n caesar_n caesar_n roan_n roan_n eureux_fw-fr the_o use_n which_o the_o roman_n make_v of_o a_o counterfeit_a fear_n lib._n 5._o caesar_n caesar_n evocati_fw-la evocati_fw-la lib._n 7._o de_fw-la bello_fw-la gall._n caesar_n sertorius_n two_o mean_n to_o achieve_v victory_n and_o to_o overmaster_v our_o enemy_n tuba_fw-la ãâã_d by_o war_n and_o naamah_n by_o the_o flood_n not_o to_o forgo_v a_o advantage_n the_o place_n where_o suspect_a force_n be_v best_a bestow_v in_o battle_n caesar_n lib._n 3._o avertiman_n to_o secundo_fw-la lib._n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la gallico_n caesar_n caesar_n throne_n throne_n clâve_v and_o ãâã_d ãâã_d those_o of_o zutphen_n zutphen_n of_o hassia_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n geldres_n and_o cleve_n sallust_n tacit._n 1._o annal._n caesar_n caesar_n liege_n liege_n coâoâia_fw-la agrippina_n agrippina_n wael_n vincitur_fw-la haud_fw-la gratis_o jugulo_fw-la qui_fw-la provocat_n hostem_fw-la liv._o lib._n 9_o liv._o lib._n 7._o caesar_n caesar_n csar_n lib._n de_fw-fr machin_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n ãâ¦ã_z monstrâul_a caesar_n answer_v to_o the_o first_o objection_n the_o answer_n to_o the_o second_o reason_n the_o
he_o have_v overcome_v by_o his_o valour_n chap._n xxxi_o vercingetorix_n send_v away_o the_o horse_n caesar_n enclose_v alesia_n with_o a_o strong_a wall_n vercingetorix_n think_v it_o best_a to_o dismiss_v all_o the_o horse_n caesar_n and_o send_v they_o away_o in_o the_o night_n before_o the_o fortification_n be_v perfect_v by_o the_o roman_n at_o their_o departure_n he_o command_v they_o that_o every_o man_n shall_v repair_v unto_o his_o own_o state_n and_o send_v all_o to_o the_o war_n that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n he_o lay_v open_v his_o desert_n towards_o they_o and_o do_v adjure_v they_o to_o have_v regard_n to_o his_o safety_n and_o not_o to_o suffer_v he_o to_o be_v deliver_v over_o to_o the_o torture_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o have_v so_o well_o deserve_v of_o the_o common_a liberty_n wherein_o if_o they_o shall_v prove_v negligent_a fourscore_o thousand_o choose_a man_n will_v perish_v with_o he_o in_o that_o place_n and_o look_v into_o their_o provision_n he_o find_v that_o they_o have_v corn_n scarce_o for_o thirty_o day_n but_o by_o spare_v and_o good_a husbandry_n it_o may_v be_v make_v to_o serve_v long_o with_o these_o mandate_n he_o send_v out_o the_o horseman_n in_o silence_n about_o the_o second_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n at_o that_o part_n of_o the_o town_n where_o the_o work_n be_v not_o perfect_v he_o command_v all_o the_o corn_n to_o be_v bring_v unto_o he_o upon_o pain_n of_o death_n the_o cattle_n he_o distribute_v to_o the_o soldier_n by_o pole_n whereof_o there_o be_v great_a store_n bring_v out_o from_o the_o mandubii_fw-la the_o corn_n he_o begin_v to_o measure_v out_o very_o spare_o all_o the_o force_n which_o he_o have_v place_v before_o the_o town_n he_o receive_v within_o the_o wall_n and_o so_o he_o purpose_v to_o attend_v the_o supply_n of_o gallia_n which_o be_v know_v by_o therunne-awayes_a and_o captive_n caesar_n appoint_v to_o make_v these_o fortification_n he_o draw_v a_o ditch_n of_o twenty_o foot_n in_o breadth_n and_o depth_n with_o straight_a side_n as_o broad_a at_o the_o bottom_n as_o at_o the_o top_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o work_n he_o make_v forty_o foot_n short_a of_o that_o ditch_n which_o he_o do_v for_o these_o reason_n that_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o roman_n may_v not_o easy_o be_v enclose_v about_o with_o a_o army_n of_o soldier_n which_o he_o think_v to_o prevent_v by_o take_v in_o so_o great_a a_o circuit_n of_o ground_n and_o second_o lest_o the_o enemy_n sally_v out_o upon_o a_o sudden_a shall_v in_o the_o night_n come_v to_o destroy_v the_o work_n or_o in_o the_o daytime_n trouble_v the_o soldier_n with_o dart_n and_o cast_a weapon_n as_o they_o be_v busy_v about_o the_o work_n this_o space_n of_o forty_o foot_n be_v leave_v he_o make_v two_o ditch_n of_o fifteen_o foot_n in_o breadth_n and_o depth_n the_o innermost_a whereof_o be_v carry_v through_o the_o field_n and_o the_o low_a ground_n he_o fill_v with_o water_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o river_n behind_o they_o he_o make_v a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n of_o twelve_o foot_n and_o strengthen_v it_o with_o a_o parapet_n and_o pinnacle_n and_o with_o great_a bough_n of_o tree_n cut_v in_o cag_n like_a unto_o a_o heart_n horn_n which_o he_o set_v where_o the_o hovel_n be_v join_v to_o the_o rampire_n to_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n from_o climb_v up_o and_o make_v tower_n round_o about_o the_o whole_a work_n in_o the_o distance_n of_o fourscore_o foot_n one_o from_o another_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o roman_a soldier_n be_v both_o to_o get_v stuff_n for_o the_o fortification_n to_o go_v a_o harve_n for_o provision_n of_o corn_n and_o to_o make_v such_o great_a work_n our_o force_n be_v much_o weaken_v and_o be_v to_o seek_v corn_n and_o stuff_n far_o off_o from_o the_o camp_n the_o gall_n also_o oftentimes_o attempt_v to_o destroy_v the_o work_n and_o to_o sally_v out_o of_o the_o town_n at_o divers_a port_n therefore_o caesar_n think_v it_o fit_a to_o add_v thus_o much_o more_o to_o the_o foresay_a work_n that_o the_o fortification_n may_v be_v make_v good_a with_o the_o less_o number_n of_o man_n he_o make_v ditch_n round_o about_o the_o work_n of_o five_o foot_n deep_a and_o in_o they_o he_o plant_v either_o the_o body_n of_o tree_n or_o great_a firm_a bough_n sharpen_v into_o many_o pike_n and_o snag_n be_v bind_v together_o at_o the_o bottom_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v easy_o pluck_v up_o and_o spread_v themselves_o at_o the_o top_n into_o very_o sharp_a cag_n there_o be_v of_o these_o five_o rank_n so_o combine_v and_o enfold_v one_o in_o another_o that_o which_o way_n soever_o the_o enemy_n shall_v enter_v upon_o they_o he_o will_v necessary_o run_v himself_o upon_o a_o sharp_a stake_n these_o they_o call_v cippi_n before_o these_o in_o oblique_a course_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o quincunce_n be_v dig_v hole_n of_o three_o foot_n deep_a narrow_a at_o the_o bottom_n like_o a_o sugar_n loaf_n these_o they_o set_v with_o round_a stake_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n thigh_n with_o a_o sharp_a harden_a point_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o they_o stick_v not_o above_o four_o finger_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o for_o the_o better_a fasten_n of_o they_o they_o stick_v all_o a_o foot_n within_o the_o ground_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o hole_n for_o the_o better_a order_n of_o the_o matter_n be_v hide_v with_o osier_n and_o spread_v of_o these_o be_v eight_o course_n three_o foot_n distant_a one_o from_o another_o and_o these_o they_o call_v lily_n from_o the_o resemblance_n they_o have_v to_o the_o figure_n of_o that_o flower_n before_o these_o be_v galthrop_n of_o a_o foot_n long_o fasten_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o head_v at_o the_o top_n with_o barb_a hook_n of_o iron_n sow_v up_o and_o down_o in_o all_o place_n in_o a_o reasonable_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o and_o these_o they_o call_v stimuli_fw-la the_o inner_a fortification_n be_v thus_o perfect_v he_o follow_v the_o even_a and_o level_a ground_n as_o much_o as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n will_v give_v he_o leave_v and_o take_v in_o fourteen_o mile_n in_o circuit_n and_o make_v the_o like_a fortification_n in_o all_o point_n against_o the_o enemy_n without_o as_o he_o have_v do_v against_o the_o town_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o he_o be_v drive_v upon_o occasion_n to_o depart_v and_o leave_v the_o work_n it_o may_v be_v no_o danger_n for_o he_o to_o leave_v the_o camp_n forasmuch_o as_o a_o few_o man_n will_v defend_v it_o he_o command_v every_o man_n to_o have_v forage_n and_o provision_n of_o corn_n for_o thirty_o day_n the_o first_o observation_n i_o promise_v in_o my_o former_a observation_n to_o speak_v somewhat_o touch_v the_o roman_a work_n and_o to_o show_v the_o use_n they_o make_v of_o they_o in_o their_o great_a occasion_n but_o this_o description_n of_o the_o work_n at_o alesia_n do_v so_o far_o exceed_v the_o enlargement_n of_o comment_v word_n that_o it_o have_v drown_v the_o eloquence_n of_o great_a historian_n and_o in_o stead_n of_o exposition_n and_o enforcement_n have_v draw_v from_o they_o speech_n express_v great_a admiration_n than_o belief_n circa_n alesiam_n say_v paterculus_n tantae_fw-la res_fw-la gestae_fw-la quantas_fw-la audere_fw-la vix_fw-la hominis_fw-la perficere_fw-la nullius_fw-la nisi_fw-la dei_fw-la fuerit_fw-la so_o great_a thing_n be_v do_v at_o alesia_n that_o they_o may_v seem_v too_o great_a for_o any_o man_n to_o attempt_v or_o any_o but_o a_o god_n to_o effect_v to_o enclose_v a_o town_n with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n of_o eleven_o mile_n in_o circuit_n be_v a_o matter_n worthy_a the_o roman_a army_n but_o to_o add_v such_o variety_n of_o work_n and_o to_o make_v such_o strange_a trape_n and_o opposition_n against_o a_o enemy_n be_v admirable_a to_o the_o hearer_n and_o not_o that_o only_a but_o to_o make_v the_o like_a work_n without_o to_o keep_v the_o gall_n from_o raise_v the_o siege_n do_v double_a the_o wonder_n by_o which_o work_n he_o do_v besiege_v and_o be_v besiege_v take_v the_o town_n and_o overthrow_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n such_o as_o since_o that_o time_n have_v imitate_v this_o industry_n only_o by_o a_o small_a ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n for_o i_o think_v no_o man_n ever_o make_v such_o work_n have_v wrought_v wonder_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n castruccio_n get_v the_o name_n of_o renew_v the_o ancient_a military_a discipline_n in_o italy_n chief_o for_o that_o he_o besiege_v pistoia_n and_o with_o the_o help_n of_o a_o double_a trench_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o caesar_n he_o keep_v in_o the_o pistoyans_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o keep_v out_o a_o army_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o thousand_o horse_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o in_o the_o end_n he_o
take_v the_o city_n and_o make_v their_o succour_n of_o no_o effect_n the_o state_n army_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o grave_a maurice_n do_v the_o like_a at_o the_o town_n of_o grave_a in_o the_o year_n 1602._o but_o of_o this_o at_o alesia_n may_v well_o be_v say_v that_o which_o livy_n speak_v of_o the_o battle_n at_o nola_n ingens_fw-la eo_fw-la die_fw-la res_fw-la ac_fw-la nescio_fw-la a_o maxima_fw-la illo_fw-la bello_fw-la gesta_fw-la sit_fw-la a_o great_a piece_n of_o service_n be_v do_v that_o day_n and_o i_o think_v i_o may_v call_v it_o the_o great_a in_o that_o whole_a war_n the_o second_o observation_n it_o be_v here_o deliver_v that_o the_o outward_a circuit_n of_o the_o work_v contain_v fourteen_o mile_n and_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o inward_a work_n eleven_o mile_n upon_o which_o ground_n justus_n lipsius_n make_v a_o unjust_a conjecture_n of_o the_o space_n between_o the_o outward_a and_o the_o inward_a work_n where_o the_o roman_n day_n encamp_v mistake_v for_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o circumference_n and_o the_o diameter_n 2._o he_o make_v the_o diameter_n of_o the_o great_a circle_v four_o and_o of_o the_o lesser_a three_o mile_n and_o then_o he_o take_v the_o lesser_a diameter_n out_o of_o the_o great_a and_o conclude_v the_o space_n to_o be_v almost_o a_o mile_n between_o the_o inner_a and_o the_o outward_a rampire_n where_o the_o roman_n lie_v encamp_v between_o the_o work_n and_o lest_o the_o matter_n may_v be_v mistake_v in_o cipher_n he_o do_v express_v it_o at_o large_a in_o significant_a word_n whereby_o he_o make_v the_o space_n twice_o as_o much_o as_o indeed_o it_o be_v for_o the_o two_o circle_n have_v one_o and_o the_o same_o centre_n the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o one_o be_v to_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o other_o and_o the_o remainder_n will_v amount_v almost_o to_o half_a a_o mile_n which_o according_a to_o the_o ground_n here_o deliver_v be_v the_o true_a distance_n between_o the_o work_n if_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n whereunto_o they_o have_v a_o respect_n will_v suffer_v they_o to_o keep_v the_o same_o distance_n in_o all_o part_n but_o aliquando_fw-la bone_fw-la dormitat_fw-la homerus_fw-la homer_n himself_o be_v out_o sometime_o and_o no_o disgrace_n neither_o to_o the_o excellency_n of_o his_o learning_n deserve_v all_o honour_n for_o the_o great_a light_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o history_n and_o for_o redeem_v the_o truth_n from_o blot_n and_o barbarism_n chap._n xxxii_o the_o gall_n raise_v a_o army_n of_o 248000_o to_o raise_v the_o siege_n at_o alesia_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v a_o do_v at_o alesia_n the_o gall_n have_v summon_v a_o council_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o each_o state_n caesar_n they_o think_v it_o not_o convenient_a to_o take_v all_o that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n according_a to_o vercingetorix_n direction_n but_o to_o proportion_v out_o a_o certain_a number_n for_o every_o state_n lest_o that_o of_o such_o a_o confuse_a multitude_n there_o will_v be_v no_o government_n be_v not_o able_a to_o know_v their_o soldier_n or_o to_o martial_a they_o in_o any_o good_a order_n or_o to_o make_v provision_n of_o victual_n for_o so_o great_a a_o body_n the_o hedui_n and_o their_o client_n the_o segusiani_n ambivareti_n aulerci_n brannovices_n and_o brannovii_n be_v command_v to_o send_v out_o five_o and_o thirty_o thousand_o the_o arverni_n with_o their_o client_n the_o heleuteri_n cadurci_n gaballi_n velauni_n as_o many_o the_o senones_n sequani_n bituriges_n santones_n rutheni_n carnutes_n twelve_o thousand_o the_o bellovaci_n ten_o thousand_o the_o lemovices_n as_o many_o the_o pictones_n turones_n parisii_n heleuteri_n suessiones_n 8000_o the_o ambiani_n mediomatrice_n petrocorii_n nervii_n morini_n nitiobriges_n 5000_o the_o aulerci_n cenomani_n as_o many_o the_o atrebates_n 4000_o the_o bellocassi_n lexovii_n aulerci_n eburones_n 3000_o the_o rauraci_n and_o boii_n 30000_o the_o state_n border_v upon_o the_o ocean_n who_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o gallia_n they_o call_v aremoricae_n such_o as_o be_v the_o curiosolite_n rhedones_n ambibarri_n cadetes_n osismii_n lemovices_n veneti_n unelli_n six_o thousand_o of_o these_o the_o bellovaci_n refuse_v to_o give_v their_o number_n say_v that_o they_o will_v make_v war_n with_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o own_o name_n and_o according_a to_o their_o own_o direction_n neither_o will_v they_o serve_v under_o any_o man_n command_n notwithstanding_o being_n entreat_v by_o comius_n for_o his_o sake_n they_o send_v two_o thousand_o caesar_n as_o we_o have_v heretofore_o deliver_v have_v use_v the_o help_n of_o this_o comius_n the_o year_n before_o in_o britain_n be_v both_o faithful_a and_o serviceable_a in_o recompense_n of_o which_o service_n he_o have_v free_v his_o state_n of_o all_o duty_n to_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o restore_v unto_o they_o their_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n and_o to_o himself_o he_o have_v give_v the_o morââi_n notwithstanding_o such_o be_v the_o universal_a consent_n of_o all_o gallia_n to_o redeem_v their_o liberty_n and_o their_o ancient_a honour_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n as_o neither_o friendship_n nor_o the_o memory_n of_o former_a benefit_n can_v any_o way_n move_v they_o every_o man_n intend_v that_o war_n as_o far_o as_o either_o the_o power_n of_o his_o mind_n or_o the_o possibility_n of_o his_o mean_n will_v reach_v unto_o and_o have_v draw_v together_o eight_o thousand_o horse_n and_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o thousand_o foot_n they_o muster_v their_o force_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o hedui_n where_o they_o appoint_v captain_n and_o the_o chief_a command_n be_v give_v to_o comius_n of_o arras_n and_o to_o viridomarus_n and_o eporedorix_n hedui_n and_o to_o vergasilaunus_fw-la of_o the_o arverni_n cousin-germaân_a to_o vercingetorix_n to_o these_o there_o be_v certain_a choose_v out_o of_o every_o state_n to_o give_v assistance_n in_o council_n of_o war_n and_o all_o of_o they_o go_v jocund_o and_o full_o of_o hope_n to_o alesia_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o man_n that_o do_v think_v that_o the_o very_a sight_n of_o such_o a_o multitude_n be_v able_a to_o be_v endure_v especial_o when_o the_o fight_n will_v grow_v doubtful_a by_o sally_n make_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o so_o great_a force_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n shall_v be_v see_v without_o observation_n vercingetorix_n desire_n be_v to_o have_v have_v as_o many_o of_o the_o gall_n send_v to_o his_o rescue_n as_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n ground_v himself_o upon_o that_o maxim_n where_o the_o whole_a state_n be_v in_o question_n there_o the_o whole_a force_n of_o that_o state_n be_v to_o be_v employ_v but_o the_o other_o prince_n of_o gallia_n think_v it_o not_o expedient_a to_o raise_v so_o great_a a_o number_n for_o they_o will_v have_v accrue_v to_o such_o a_o multitude_n of_o people_n as_o can_v not_o have_v be_v contain_v within_o the_o rule_n of_o government_n which_o may_v bring_v to_o our_o consideration_n that_o which_o the_o course_n of_o these_o time_n do_v not_o often_o bring_v into_o dispute_n service_n what_o number_n of_o man_n well_o martial_v and_o with_o good_a discipline_n be_v a_o competent_a proportion_n for_o any_o service_n xerxes_n army_n which_o he_o carry_v into_o greece_n be_v famous_a for_o two_o respect_n first_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o multitude_n which_o be_v so_o great_a that_o when_o he_o himself_o return_v back_o into_o asia_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o of_o the_o best_a soldier_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a army_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o one_o mardonius_n second_o that_o of_o so_o many_o fight_a man_n there_o be_v two_o hundred_o and_o threescore_o thousand_o slay_v in_o one_o battle_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o one_o thousand_o and_o three_o hundred_o grecian_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o conquest_n of_o a_o kingdom_n do_v not_o necessary_o follow_v the_o multitude_n of_o soldier_n in_o a_o army_n for_o either_o xerxes_n army_n be_v too_o few_o in_o number_n to_o conquer_v greece_n or_o too_o many_o to_o be_v well_o martial_v marius_n with_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n defeat_v the_o cimbri_n that_o be_v so_o many_o in_o number_n marius_n as_o they_o make_v a_o battle_n of_o thirty_o furlong_n square_a and_o of_o they_o he_o slay_v a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o and_o take_v threescore_o thousand_o prisoner_n and_o for_o that_o i_o do_v remember_v of_o that_o which_o i_o have_v read_v the_o great_a conquest_n that_o ever_o be_v make_v be_v achieve_v with_o army_n under_o fifty_o thousand_o fight_a man_n the_o great_a alexander_n subdue_v all_o asia_n and_o fetch_v the_o monarchy_n from_o the_o persian_a into_o greece_n with_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n the_o roman_n have_v very_o seldom_o ten_o legion_n in_o a_o army_n which_o be_v about_o that_o rate_n but_o