among_o the_o print_a statute_n egerton_n one_o call_v the_o statute_n of_o ireland_n date_v at_o westminster_n 9_o feb._n 14._o hen._n 3._o which_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o letter_n of_o the_o king_n to_o gerard_n son_n of_o maurice_n justicer_n of_o ireland_n the_o explanation_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n only_o be_v receive_v always_o for_o statute_n and_o be_v still_o print_v with_o they_o also_o the_o statute_n make_v for_o the_o correction_n of_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n be_v sign_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o send_v to_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o writ_n patent_n with_o a_o certain_a writ_n close_v date_v by_o the_o king_n hand_n at_o westminster_n 2_o maii_n 9_o edw._n 1._o require_v that_o they_o shall_v do_v and_o execute_v all_o and_o every_o thing_n contain_v in_o it_o though_o the_o same_o do_v not_o accord_v with_o the_o stat._n of_o gloucester_n in_o all_o thing_n the_o provision_n of_o merton_n make_v by_o the_o king_n at_o a_o assembly_n of_o prelate_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n for_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o queen_n elinor_n be_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o proclamation_n and_o begin_v provisum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la merton_n 19_o hen._n 3._o a_o provision_n be_v make_v de_fw-fr assisa_fw-la praesentationis_fw-la which_o be_v continue_v and_o allow_v for_o a_o law_n until_o the_o stat._n of_o west_n 2._o which_o provide_v the_o contrary_a in_o express_a word_n in_o the_o old_a statute_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o distinguish_v what_o law_n be_v make_v by_o king_n in_o parliament_n and_o what_o out_o of_o parliament_n when_o king_n call_v peer_n only_o to_o parliament_n and_o of_o those_o how_o many_o or_o who_o they_o please_v as_o it_o appear_v ancient_o they_o do_v it_o be_v no_o easy_a matter_n to_o put_v a_o difference_n between_o a_o councel-table_n and_o a_o parliament_n or_o between_o a_o proclamation_n and_o a_o statute_n yet_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o in_o old_a time_n there_o be_v a_o distinction_n between_o the_o king_n especial_a or_o privy_a council_n and_o his_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o his_o special_a council_n do_v sit_v with_o the_o peer_n in_o parliament_n and_o be_v of_o great_a and_o extraordinary_a authority_n there_o in_o the_o stat._n of_o westm._n 1._o it_o be_v say_v these_o be_v the_o act_n of_o king_n edw._n 1._o make_v at_o his_o first_o parliament_n by_o his_o council_n and_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o stat._n of_o acton_n burnell_n have_v these_o word_n the_o king_n for_o himself_o and_o by_o his_o council_n have_v ordain_v and_o establish_v in_o articulis_fw-la super_fw-la chartas_n when_o the_o great_a charter_n be_v confirm_v at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n be_v find_v these_o two_o provision_n 1._o nevertheless_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n do_v not_o intend_v by_o reason_n of_o this_o statute_n to_o diminish_v the_o king_n right_o 2._o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o thing_n beforementioned_a or_o any_o part_n of_o they_o both_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n and_o all_o they_o that_o be_v present_a will_n and_o intend_v that_o the_o right_n and_o prerogative_n of_o his_o crown_n shall_v be_v save_v to_o he_o in_o all_o thing_n the_o stat._n of_o escheator_n have_v this_o title_n at_o the_o parliament_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n by_o his_o council_n it_o be_v agree_v and_o also_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o command_v 1_o ed._n 3._o where_o magna_n charta_n be_v confirm_v this_o preamble_n be_v find_v at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commonalty_n by_o their_o petition_n make_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n in_o parliament_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n etc._n etc._n the_o statute_n make_v at_o york_n 9_o ed._n 3._o go_v thus_o whereas_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n desire_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n in_o his_o parliament_n by_o their_o petition_n etc._n etc._n our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n desire_v the_o profit_n of_o his_o people_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o his_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o noble_n of_o his_o realm_n and_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n be_v there_o have_v ordain_v 25_o ed._n 3._o in_o the_o statute_n of_o purveyor_n where_o the_o king_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o make_v a_o declaration_n what_o offence_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v treason_n it_o be_v there_o further_o say_v if_o per-case_n any_o man_n ride_v arm_v with_o man_n of_o arm_n against_o any_o other_o to_o slay_v he_o or_o rob_v he_o it_o be_v not_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o king_n or_o of_o his_o council_n that_o in_o such_o case_n it_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v treason_n by_o this_o statute_n it_o appear_v that_o even_o in_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n which_o be_v the_o king_n own_o cause_n as_o whereas_o a_o man_n do_v compass_v or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n or_o a_o man_n do_v wage_v war_n against_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n in_o his_o realm_n or_o be_v adherent_a to_o the_o king_n enemy_n in_o his_o realm_n give_v to_o they_o aid_n or_o comfort_n in_o the_o realm_n or_o elsewhere_o in_o all_o these_o case_n it_o be_v the_o king_n declaration_n only_o that_o make_v it_o to_o be_v treason_n and_o though_o it_o be_v say_v that_o difficult_a point_n of_o treason_n shall_v be_v bring_v and_o show_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o parliament_n yet_o it_o be_v say_v it_o be_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n that_o determine_v what_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v treason_n and_o what_o felony_n or_o trespass_n 27_o edw._n 3._o the_o commons_o present_v a_o petition_n to_o the_o king_n which_o the_o king_n council_n do_v mislike_v be_v content_a thereupon_o to_o amend_v and_o explain_v their_o petition_n the_o petition_n have_v these_o word_n to_o their_o most_o redoubt_a sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n pray_v your_o say_a commons_o that_o whereas_o they_o have_v pray_v he_o to_o be_v discharge_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o article_n of_o the_o eyre_n etc._n etc._n which_o petition_n seem_v to_o his_o council_n to_o be_v prejudicial_a unto_o he_o and_o in_o disinherison_n of_o his_o crown_n if_o it_o be_v so_o general_o grant_v his_o say_a commons_o not_o willing_a nor_o desire_v to_o demand_v thing_n of_o he_o or_o of_o his_o crown_n perpetual_o as_o of_o escheat_n etc._n etc._n but_o of_o trespass_n misprision_n negligence_n ignorances_n etc._n etc._n and_o as_o in_o parliament_n the_o king_n council_n be_v of_o supereminent_a power_n so_o out_o of_o parliament_n king_n make_v great_a use_n of_o they_o king_n edw._n 1._o find_v that_o bogo_n de_fw-fr clare_n be_v discharge_v of_o a_o accusation_n bring_v against_o he_o in_o parliament_n command_v he_o nevertheless_o to_o appear_v before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o recipiendum_fw-la quod_fw-la per_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o ejus_fw-la concilium_fw-la fuerit_fw-la faciendum_fw-la and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o whole_a cause_n 8_o edw._n 1._o edw._n 3._o in_o the_o star-chamber_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a councel-table_n at_o westminster_n upon_o the_o complaint_n of_o eliz._n audley_n command_v james_n audley_n to_o appear_v before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n and_o determine_v a_o controversy_n between_o they_o touch_v land_n contain_v in_o her_o jointure_n rot._n clau_n de_fw-fr an._n 41_o edw._n 3._o hen._n 5._o in_o a_o suit_n before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n for_o the_o title_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o serre_n and_o st._n laurence_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n in_o kent_n take_v order_n for_o the_o sequester_v the_o profit_n till_o the_o right_n be_v try_v hen._n 6._o command_v the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n to_o stay_v the_o arraignment_n of_o one_o verney_n in_o london_n till_o they_o have_v other_o commandment_n from_o he_o and_o his_o council_n 34_o hen._n 6._o rot_n 37._o in_o banco_n edw._n 4._o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n hear_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o master_n and_o poor_a brethren_n of_o saint_n leonard_n in_o york_n complain_v that_o sir_n hugh_n hastings_n and_o other_o withdraw_v from_o they_o a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o live_n which_o consist_v chief_o upon_o the_o have_v of_o a_o thrave_a of_o corn_n of_o every_o plow-land_n within_o the_o county_n of_o york_n westmorland_z cumberland_n and_o lancashire_n rot._n pat_o de_fw-fr a_fw-fr 8._o edw._n 4._o part_n 3._o memb_v 14._o hen._n 7._o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n decree_v that_o margery_n
king_n edgar_n in_o these_o word_n as_o i_o find_v they_o in_o mr._n lambert_n nemo_n in_o light_fw-la regem_fw-la appellato_fw-la nisi_fw-la quidem_fw-la domi_fw-la justitiam_fw-la consequi_fw-la aut_fw-la impetrare_fw-la non_fw-la poterit_fw-la sin_n summo_fw-la jure_fw-la domi_fw-la urgeatur_fw-la ad_fw-la regem_fw-la ut_fw-la be_v onus_fw-la aliqua_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la allevet_fw-la provocato_fw-la let_v no_o man_n in_o suit_n appeal_v to_o the_o king_n unless_o he_o may_v not_o get_v right_o at_o home_n but_o if_o the_o right_n be_v too_o heavy_a for_o he_o then_o let_v he_o go_v to_o the_o king_n to_o have_v it_o ease_v as_o the_o judicial_a power_n of_o king_n be_v exercise_v before_o the_o conquest_n so_o in_o those_o settle_a time_n after_o the_o conquest_n wherein_o parliament_n be_v much_o in_o use_n there_o be_v a_o high-court_n follow_v the_o king_n which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o sovereign_a justice_n both_o for_o matter_n of_o law_n and_o conscience_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o a_o parliament_n in_o edward_n the_o first_o be_v time_n take_v order_n that_o the_o chancellor_n and_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n shall_v follow_v the_o king_n to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v have_v always_o at_o hand_n able_a man_n for_o his_o direction_n in_o suit_n that_o come_v before_o he_o and_o this_o be_v after_o the_o time_n that_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n be_v make_v stationary_a which_o be_v a_o evidence_n that_o the_o king_n reserve_v a_o sovereign_a power_n by_o which_o he_o do_v supply_v the_o want_n or_o correct_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o common_a law_n because_o the_o positive_a law_n be_v ground_v upon_o that_o which_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o part_n can_v foresee_v every_o particular_a which_o time_n and_o experience_n bring_v forth_o 12._o therefore_o though_o the_o common_a law_n be_v general_o good_a and_o just_a yet_o in_o some_o special_a case_n it_o may_v need_v correction_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o considerable_a circumstance_n fall_v out_o which_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o law-making_a be_v not_o think_v of_o also_o sundry_a thing_n do_v fall_v out_o both_o in_o war_n and_o peace_n that_o require_v extraordinary_a help_n and_o can_v wait_v for_o the_o usual_a care_n of_o common_a law_n the_o which_o be_v not_o perform_v but_o altogether_o after_o one_o sort_n and_o that_o not_o without_o delay_n of_o help_n and_o expense_n of_o time_n so_o that_o although_o all_o cause_n be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o ordinary_a process_n of_o common_a law_n yet_o rare_a matter_n from_o time_n to_o time_n do_v grow_v up_o meet_v for_o just_a reason_n to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o absolute_a authority_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la have_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o institution_n then_o make_v of_o the_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n in_o common_a cause_n and_o not_o for_o restraint_n of_o the_o absolute_a authority_n serve_v only_o in_o a_o few_o rare_a and_o singular_a case_n for_o though_o the_o subject_n be_v put_v to_o great_a damage_n by_o false_a accusation_n and_o malicious_a suggestion_n make_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n especial_o during_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o whilst_o he_o be_v absent_a in_o the_o war_n in_o france_n insomuch_o as_o in_o his_o reign_n divers_a statute_n be_v make_v that_o provide_v none_o shall_v be_v put_v to_o answer_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n without_o due_a process_n yet_o it_o be_v apparent_a the_o necessity_n of_o such_o proceed_n be_v so_o great_a that_o both_o before_o edward_n the_o three_o day_n and_o in_o his_o time_n and_o after_o his_o death_n several_a statute_n be_v make_v to_o help_v and_o order_v the_o proceed_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n as_o the_o parliament_n in_o 28._o edw_n 1._o cap._n 5._o do_v provide_v that_o the_o chancellor_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n shall_v follow_v the_o king_n that_o so_o he_o may_v have_v near_o unto_o he_o some_o that_o be_v learn_v in_o the_o law_n which_o be_v able_a to_o order_v all_o such_o matter_n as_o shall_v come_v unto_o the_o court_n at_o all_o time_n when_o need_n shall_v require_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 37._o edw._n 3._o cap._n 18._o taliation_n be_v ordain_v in_o case_n the_o suggestion_n to_o the_o king_n prove_v untrue_a then_o 38._o edw._n 3._o cap._n 9_o take_v away_o taliation_n and_o appoint_v imprisonment_n till_o the_o king_n and_o party_n grieve_v be_v satisfy_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o 17._o ric._n 2._o cap._n 6._o and_o 15._o hen._n 6._o cap._n 4._o damage_n and_o expense_n be_v award_v in_o such_o case_n in_o all_o these_o statute_n it_o be_v necessary_o employ_v that_o complaint_n upon_o just_a cause_n may_v be_v move_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n at_o a_o parliament_n at_o gloucester_n 2._o ric._n 2._o when_o the_o commons_o make_v petition_n that_o none_o may_v be_v force_v by_o writ_n out_o of_o chancery_n or_o by_o privy_a seal_n to_o appear_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n to_o answer_v touch_v freehold_n the_o king_n answer_n be_v he_o think_v it_o not_o reasonable_a that_o he_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o send_v for_o his_o liege_n upon_o cause_n reasonable_a and_o albeit_o he_o do_v not_o purpose_n that_o such_o as_o be_v send_v for_o shall_v answer_v finalment_n peremptory_o touch_v their_o freehold_n but_o shall_v be_v remand_v for_o trial_n thereof_o as_o law_n require_v provide_v always_o say_v he_o that_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o party_n where_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n shall_v be_v credible_o inform_v that_o because_o of_o maintenance_n oppression_n or_o other_o outrage_n the_o common_a law_n can_v have_v due_o her_o course_n in_o such_o case_n the_o counsel_n for_o the_o party_n also_o in_o the_o 13_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n when_o the_o commons_o do_v pray_v that_o upon_o pain_n of_o forfeiture_n the_o chancellor_n or_o council_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o after_o the_o end_n of_o the_o parliament_n make_v any_o ordinance_n against_o the_o common_a law_n the_o king_n answer_v let_v it_o be_v use_v as_o it_o have_v be_v use_v before_o this_o time_n so_o as_o the_o regality_n of_o the_o king_n be_v save_v for_o the_o king_n will_v save_v his_o regality_n as_o his_o progenitor_n have_v do_v again_o in_o the_o 4_o the_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o when_o the_o commons_o complain_v against_o subpaena_n &_o other_o writ_n ground_v upon_o false_a suggestion_n the_o king_n answer_v that_o he_o will_v give_v in_o charge_n to_o his_o officer_n that_o they_o shall_v abstain_v more_o than_o before_o time_n they_o have_v to_o send_v for_o his_o subject_n in_o that_o manner_n but_o yet_o say_v he_o it_o be_v not_o our_o intention_n that_o our_o officer_n shall_v so_o abstain_v that_o they_o may_v not_o send_v for_o our_o subject_n in_o matter_n and_o cause_n necessary_a as_o it_o have_v be_v use_v in_o the_o time_n our_o good_a progenitor_n likewise_o when_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n complaint_n be_v make_v by_o the_o commons_o anno_fw-la 3._o hen._n 5._o the_o king_n answer_n be_v le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr s'advisera_fw-la the_o king_n will_v be_v advise_v which_o amount_v to_o a_o denial_n for_o the_o present_a by_o a_o phrase_n peculiar_a for_o the_o king_n be_v deny_v to_o pass_v any_o bill_n that_o have_v pass_v the_o lord_n and_o commons_o these_o complaint_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o the_o answer_n of_o the_o king_n discover_z that_o such_o moderation_n shall_v be_v use_v that_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n be_v ordinary_o maintain_v lest_o subject_n be_v convent_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n without_o just_a cause_n that_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o council-table_n be_v not_o upon_o every_o slight_a suggestion_n nor_o to_o determine_v final_o concern_v freehold_a of_o inheritance_n and_o yet_o that_o upon_o cause_n reasonable_a upon_o credible_a information_n in_o matter_n of_o weight_n the_o king_n regality_n or_o prerogative_n in_o send_v for_o his_o subject_n be_v maintain_v as_o of_o right_o it_o ought_v and_o in_o former_a time_n have_v be_v constant_o use_v king_n edward_n the_o first_o find_v that_o bogo_n de_fw-fr clare_n be_v discharge_v of_o a_o accusation_n bring_v against_o he_o in_o parliament_n for_o that_o some_o formal_a imperfection_n be_v find_v in_o the_o complaint_n command_v he_o nevertheless_o to_o appear_v before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o recipiendum_fw-la quod_fw-la per_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o ejus_fw-la concilium_fw-la fuerit_fw-la faciendum_fw-la and_o so_o proceed_v to_o a_o examination_n of_o the_o whole_a cause_n 8._o edw._n 1._o edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o star-chamber_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a council-chamber_n at_o westminster_n upon_o the_o complaint_n of_o elizabeth_n audley_n command_v james_n audley_n to_o
observation_n concern_v the_o original_a and_o various_a form_n of_o government_n as_o describe_v viz._n 1_o sy_n upon_o aristotle_n politic_n 2_o d._n mr._n hobbs's_fw-fr laviathan_n 3_o d._n mr._n milton_n against_o salmatius_n 4_o the_o hugo_n grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la bello_fw-la 5_o the_o mr._n hunton_n treatise_n of_o monarchy_n or_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o limit_a or_o mix_v monarchy_n by_o the_o learned_a sir_n r._n filmer_n baronet_n to_o which_o be_v add_v the_o power_n of_o king_n with_o direction_n for_o obedience_n to_o government_n in_o dangerous_a and_o doubtful_a time_n london_n print_v for_o r._n r._n c._n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o thomas_n axe_n at_o the_o blew-ball_n in_o duck-lane_n 1696._o augustissimi_fw-la caroli_n secundi_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n angliae_fw-la scotiae_fw-la francia_fw-la et_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la rex_fw-la bona_fw-la agere_fw-la &_o mala_fw-la pati_fw-la regium_fw-la est_fw-la page_n 1._o the_o author_n preface_n there_o be_v a_o 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kingdom_n to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o king_n not_o much_o unlike_o the_o ancient_a usage_n of_o this_o kingdom_n for_o a_o long_a time_n when_o all_o law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o king_n answer_n to_o the_o petition_n present_v to_o he_o in_o parliament_n as_o be_v apparent_a by_o very_a many_o statute_n parliament-roll_n and_o the_o confession_n of_o sir_n edw._n coke_n 2._o in_o scotland_n about_o twenty_o day_n before_o the_o parliament_n begin_v proclamation_n be_v make_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n to_o deliver_v in_o to_o the_o king_n clerk_n or_o master_n of_o the_o roll_n all_o bill_n to_o be_v exhibit_v that_o session_n before_o a_o certain_a day_n then_o be_v they_o bring_v to_o the_o king_n and_o peruse_v by_o he_o and_o only_o such_o as_o he_o allow_v be_v put_v into_o the_o chancellour_n hand_n to_o be_v propound_v in_o parliament_n and_o none_o other_o and_o if_o any_o man_n in_o parliament_n speak_v of_o another_o matter_n than_o be_v allow_v by_o 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good_a and_o expedient_a for_o that_o land_n and_o his_o licence_n thereupon_o as_o well_o in_o affirmation_n of_o the_o say_a cause_n and_o act_n as_o to_o summon_v the_o parliament_n under_o his_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n have_v and_o obtain_v that_o do_v a_o parliament_n to_o be_v have_v and_o hold_v after_o the_o form_n and_o effect_v afore-rehearsed_n and_o if_o any_o parliament_n be_v hold_v in_o that_o land_n contrary_a to_o the_o form_n and_o provision_n aforesaid_a it_o be_v deem_v void_a and_o of_o none_o effect_v in_o law_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o all_o such_o bill_n as_o shall_v be_v offer_v to_o the_o parliament_n there_o shall_v be_v first_o transmit_v hither_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o have_v receive_v allowance_n and_o approbation_n here_o shall_v be_v put_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o so_o return_v thither_o to_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o parliament_n by_o a_o statute_n of_o 3_o and_o 4_o of_o philip_n and_o mary_n for_o the_o expound_v of_o poynings_n act_n it_o be_v order_v for_o the_o king_n be_v pass_v of_o the_o say_a act_n in_o such_o form_n and_o tenor_n as_o they_o shall_v be_v send_v into_o england_n or_o else_o for_o the_o change_n of_o they_o or_o any_o part_n of_o they_o after_o this_o short_a narrative_a of_o the_o usage_n of_o parliament_n in_o our_o neighbour_n and_o fellow_n kingdom_n it_o be_v time_n the_o inquisitio_fw-la magna_fw-la of_o our_o own_o be_v offer_v to_o the_o verdict_n or_o judgement_n of_o a_o moderate_a and_o intelligent_a reader_n rob._n filmer_n a_o collection_n of_o the_o several_a tract_n write_v by_o sir_n robert_n filmer_n knight_n i._o the_o freeholders_n grand_a inquest_n touch_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o parliament_n to_o which_o be_v add_v observation_n upon_o form_n of_o government_n together_o with_o direction_n for_o obedience_n
case_n you_o or_o any_o other_o sheriff_n of_o our_o say_a kingdom_n shall_v be_v elect_v and_o at_o the_o day_n and_o place_n aforesaid_a the_o say_a election_n make_v in_o the_o full_a county-court_n you_o shall_v certify_v without_o delay_n to_o we_o in_o our_o chancery_n under_o your_o seal_n and_o the_o seal_n of_o they_o which_o shall_v be_v present_a at_o that_o election_n send_v back_o unto_o we_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o indenture_n aforesaid_a affile_v to_o these_o present_n together_o with_o this_o writ_n witness_v ourselves_o at_o westmin_n by_o this_o writ_n we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o the_o commons_o be_v call_v to_o be_v any_o part_n of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o of_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n or_o to_o have_v any_o part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n or_o to_o consult_v de_fw-fr arduis_fw-la regni_fw-la negotiis_fw-la of_o the_o difficult_a business_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o writ_n only_o say_v the_o king_n will_v have_v conference_n and_o treat_v with_o the_o prelate_n great_a man_n and_o peer_n but_o not_o a_o word_n of_o treat_v or_o conference_n with_o the_o commons_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o which_o do_v not_o minister_v a_o oath_n nor_o fine_a nor_o imprison_v any_o but_o their_o own_o member_n and_o that_o but_o of_o late_a in_o some_o case_n can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o court_n at_o all_o much_o less_o to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o supreme_a court_n or_o high_a judicature_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o constant_a custom_n even_o to_o this_o day_n for_o the_o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o to_o stand_v bare_a with_o their_o hat_n in_o their_o hand_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o lord_n while_o the_o lord_n sit_v cover_v at_o all_o conference_n be_v a_o visible_a argument_n that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v not_o fellow-commissioner_n or_o fellow-counsellor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o duty_n of_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n mention_v in_o the_o writ_n be_v only_o ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o consentiendum_fw-la to_o perform_v and_o to_o consent_v to_o such_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v ordain_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o mention_v in_o the_o writ_n as_o a_o power_n in_o the_o commons_o to_o dissent_v when_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o appear_v in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n the_o word_n be_v ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o recipiendum_fw-la quod_fw-la ei_fw-la per_fw-la curiam_fw-la injungetur_fw-la which_o show_v that_o this_o word_n faciendum_fw-la be_v use_v as_o a_o term_n in_o law_n to_o signify_v to_o give_v obedience_n for_o this_o we_o meet_v with_o a_o precedent_n even_o as_o ancient_a as_o the_o parliament-writ_a itself_o and_o it_o be_v concern_v proceed_n in_o parliament_n 33_o ed._n 1._o dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la mandavit_fw-la vicecom_v '_o quod_fw-la etc._n etc._n summon_v '_o nicolaum_n de_fw-fr segrave_n &_o ex_fw-la parte_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la firmiter_fw-la ei_fw-la injungeret_fw-la quod_fw-la esset_fw-la coram_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la in_o proximo_fw-la parl._n etc._n etc._n ad_fw-la audiendum_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la ipsius_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o recipiendum_fw-la ulterius_fw-la quod_fw-la curia_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la consideraret_fw-la in_o praemissis_fw-la our_o lord_n the_o king_n command_v the_o sheriff_n to_o summon_v nicholas_n segrave_n to_o appear_v before_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n in_o the_o next_o parliament_n to_o hear_v the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n our_o king_n himself_o and_o to_o perform_v and_o receive_v what_o the_o king_n court_n shall_v further_o consider_v of_o the_o premise_n sir_n edw._n coke_n to_o prove_v the_o clergy_n have_v no_o voice_n in_o parliament_n say_v that_o by_o the_o word_n of_o their_o writ_n their_o consent_n be_v only_o to_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o realm_n if_o this_o argument_n of_o his_o be_v good_a it_o will_v deny_v also_o voice_n to_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n for_o in_o their_o writ_n be_v the_o selfsame_a word_n viz._n to_o consent_n to_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n sir_n edw._n coke_n conclude_v that_o the_o procuratores_fw-la cleri_fw-la have_v many_o time_n appear_v in_o parliament_n as_o spiritual_a assistant_n to_o consider_v consult_v and_o to_o consent_v but_o never_o have_v voice_n there_o how_o they_o can_v consult_v and_o consent_v without_o voice_n he_o do_v not_o show_v though_o the_o clergy_n as_o he_o say_v oft_o appear_v in_o parliament_n yet_o be_v it_o only_o ad_fw-la consentiendum_fw-la as_o i_o take_v it_o and_o not_o ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la for_o the_o word_n faciendum_fw-la be_v omit_v in_o their_o writ_n the_o cause_n as_o i_o conceive_v be_v the_o clergy_n though_o they_o be_v to_o assent_v yet_o by_o reason_n of_o clerical_a exemption_n they_o be_v not_o require_v to_o perform_v all_o the_o ordinance_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o some_o may_v think_v though_o the_o writ_n do_v not_o express_v a_o call_v of_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n to_o be_v part_n of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n yet_o it_o suppose_v it_o a_o thing_n grant_v and_o not_o to_o be_v question_v but_o that_o they_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o common_a council_n indeed_o if_o their_o writ_n have_v not_o mention_v the_o call_v of_o prelate_n great_a man_n and_o peer_n to_o council_n there_o may_v have_v be_v a_o little_a better_a colour_n for_o such_o a_o supposition_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v such_o a_o supposition_n do_v make_v the_o writ_n itself_o vain_a and_o idle_a for_o it_o be_v a_o senseless_a thing_n to_o bid_v man_n assent_v to_o that_o which_o they_o have_v already_o ordain_v since_o ordain_v be_v a_o assent_v and_o more_o than_o a_o assent_v for_o clear_v the_o meaning_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o such_o as_o think_v it_o impossible_a but_o that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n have_v always_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n i_o shall_v insist_v upon_o these_o point_n 1._o that_o ancient_o the_o baron_n of_o england_n be_v the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 2._o that_o until_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 1._o the_o commons_o be_v not_o call_v to_o parliament_n 3._o though_o the_o commons_o be_v call_v by_o hen._n 1._o yet_o they_o be_v not_o constant_o call_v nor_o yet_o regular_o elect_v by_o writ_n until_o hen._n 3._o time_n for_o the_o first_o point_n mr._n cambden_n in_o his_o britannia_n do_v teach_v we_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n and_o in_o the_o ensue_a age_n a_o parliament_n be_v call_v commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la which_o be_v say_v he_o praesentia_fw-la regis_fw-la praelatorum_fw-la procerumque_fw-la collectorum_fw-la the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n prelate_n and_o peer_n assemble_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o commons_o the_o prelate_n and_o peer_n be_v all_o baron_n the_o author_n of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o the_o church_n of_o lichfield_n cite_v by_o m._n selden_n selden_n say_v postquam_fw-la rex_fw-la edvardus_fw-la etc._n etc._n concilio_n baronum_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n after_o king_n edward_n be_v king_n by_o the_o council_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o england_n he_o revive_v a_o law_n which_o have_v lie_v asleep_o three_o score_n &_o seven_o year_n and_o this_o law_n be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o st._n edward_n the_o king_n in_o the_o same_o chronicle_n it_o be_v say_v that_o will._n the_o conqueror_n anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la quarto_fw-la apud_fw-la londin_n '_o have_v concilium_fw-la baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la a_o council_n of_o his_o baron_n and_o of_o this_o parliament_n it_o be_v that_o his_o son_n hen._n 1._o speak_v save_v i_o restore_v you_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n with_o those_o amendment_n wherewith_o my_o father_n amend_v they_o by_o the_o council_n of_o his_o baron_n in_o the_o five_o year_n as_o mr._n selden_n think_v of_o the_o conqueror_n be_v a_o parliament_n or_o principum_fw-la conventus_fw-la a_o assembly_n of_o earl_n and_o baron_n at_o pinenden_n heath_n in_o kent_n in_o the_o cause_n between_o lanfranke_a the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o odo_n earl_n of_o kent_n the_o king_n give_v commission_n to_o godfrid_n than_o bishop_n of_o constance_n in_o normandy_n to_o represent_v his_o own_o person_n for_o hear_v the_o controversy_n as_o say_v m._n lambard_n and_o cause_v egelrick_n the_o bishop_n of_o chichester_n a_o age_a man_n singular_o commend_v for_o skill_n in_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o be_v bring_v thither_o in_o a_o wagon_n for_o his_o assistance_n in_o council_n command_v haymo_n the_o sheriff_n of_o kent_n to_o summon_v the_o whole_a county_n to_o give_v in_o evidence_n three_o whole_a day_n spend_v in_o debate_n in_o the_o end_n lanfrank_n
have_v no_o formal_a parliament_n till_o about_o the_o 18_o the_o year_n of_o king_n hen._n 1._o for_o in_o his_o three_o year_n for_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o daughter_n the_o king_n raise_v a_o tax_n upon_o every_o hide_n of_o land_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o privy_a council_n alone_o and_o the_o subject_n say_v he_o soon_o after_o this_o parliament_n be_v establish_v begin_v to_o stand_v upon_o term_n with_o their_o king_n and_o draw_v from_o he_o by_o strong_a hand_n and_o their_o sword_n their_o great_a charter_n it_o be_v after_o the_o establishment_n of_o the_o parliament_n by_o colour_n of_o it_o that_o they_o have_v so_o great_a dare_v if_o any_o desire_n to_o know_v the_o cause_n why_o hen._n 1_o call_v the_o people_n to_o parliament_n it_o be_v upon_o no_o very_a good_a occasion_n if_o we_o believe_v sir_n walter_n raleigh_n the_o grand_a charter_n say_v he_o be_v not_o original_o grant_v regal_o and_o free_o for_o king_n hen._n 1._o do_v but_o usurp_v the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o the_o better_a to_o secure_v himself_o against_o robert_n his_o elder_a brother_n he_o flatter_v the_o people_n with_o those_o charter_n yea_o king_n john_n that_o confirm_v they_o have_v the_o like_a respect_n for_o arthur_n d._n of_o britain_n be_v the_o undoubted_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n upon_o who_o john_n usurp_v so_o these_o charter_n have_v their_o original_n from_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la but_o not_o the_o jure_fw-la and_o then_o afterward_o his_o conclusion_n be_v that_o the_o great_a charter_n have_v first_o a_o obscure_a birth_n by_o usurpation_n &_o be_v foster_v and_o show_v to_o the_o world_n by_o rebellion_n in_o brief_a the_o king_n call_v the_o people_n to_o parliament_n and_o grant_v they_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la that_o they_o may_v confirm_v to_o he_o the_o crown_n the_o three_o point_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n first_o that_o the_o commons_o be_v not_o call_v to_o parliament_n until_o hen._n 3._o day_n this_o appear_v by_o divers_a of_o the_o precedent_n former_o cite_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o baron_n be_v the_o common_a council_n for_o though_o hen._n 1._o call_v all_o the_o people_n of_o the_o land_n to_o his_o coronation_n and_o again_o in_o the_o 15._o or_o 18._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n yet_o always_o he_o do_v not_o so_o neither_o many_o of_o those_o king_n that_o do_v succeed_v he_o as_o appear_z before_z second_o for_o call_v the_o commons_o by_o writ_n i_o find_v it_o acknowledge_v in_o a_o book_n entitle_v the_o privilege_n and_o practice_n of_o parliament_n in_o these_o word_n in_o ancient_a time_n after_o the_o king_n have_v summon_v his_o parliament_n innumerable_a multitude_n of_o people_n do_v make_v their_o access_n thereunto_o pretend_v that_o privilege_n of_o right_a to_o belong_v to_o they_o but_o king_n hen._n 3._o have_v experience_n of_o the_o mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n by_o occasion_n of_o such_o popular_a confusion_n do_v take_v order_n that_o none_o may_v come_v to_o his_o parliament_n but_o those_o who_o be_v special_o summon_v to_o this_o purpose_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o master_n selden_n that_o the_o first_o writ_n we_o find_v accompany_v with_o other_o circumstance_n of_o a_o summons_n to_o parliament_n as_o well_o for_o the_o commons_o as_o lord_n be_v in_o the_o 49_o of_o hen._n 3._o in_o the_o like_a manner_n master_n cambden_n speak_v of_o the_o dignity_n of_o baron_n have_v these_o word_n king_n hen._n 3._o out_o of_o a_o great_a multitude_n which_o be_v seditious_a and_o turbulent_a call_v the_o very_o best_a by_o writ_n or_o summons_n to_o parliament_n for_o he_o after_o many_o trouble_n and_o vexation_n between_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o simon_n de_fw-fr monefort_n with_o other_o baron_n and_o after_o appease_v do_v decree_n and_o ordain_v that_o all_o those_o earl_n and_o baron_n unto_o who_o the_o king_n himself_o vouchsafe_v to_o direct_v his_o writ_n of_o summons_n shall_v come_v to_o his_o parliament_n and_o no_o other_o but_o that_o which_o he_o begin_v a_o little_a before_o his_o death_n edward_n 1._o and_o his_o successor_n constant_o observe_v and_o continue_v the_o say_v prudent_a king_n edward_n summon_v always_o those_o of_o ancient_a family_n that_o be_v most_o wise_a to_o his_o parliament_n and_o omit_v their_o son_n after_o their_o death_n if_o they_o be_v not_o answerable_a to_o their_o parent_n in_o understanding_n cambden_n also_o mr._n cambden_n in_o another_o place_n say_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edw_n 1._o select_a man_n for_o wisdom_n and_o worth_n among_o the_o gentry_n be_v call_v to_o parliament_n and_o their_o posterity_n omit_v if_o they_o be_v defective_a therein_o as_o the_o power_n of_o send_v writ_n of_o summons_n for_o election_n be_v first_o exercise_v by_o hen._n 3._o so_o succeed_v king_n do_v regulate_v the_o election_n upon_o such_o writ_n as_o do_v appear_v by_o several_a statute_n which_o all_o speak_v in_o the_o name_n and_o power_n of_o the_o king_n themselves_o for_o such_o be_v the_o language_n of_o our_o forefather_n in_o 5_o ric._n 2._o c._n 4._o these_o be_v the_o word_n the_o king_n willeth_n and_o command_v all_o person_n which_o shall_v have_v summons_n to_o come_v to_o parliament_n and_o every_o person_n that_o do_v absent_v himself_o except_o he_o may_v reasonable_o and_o honest_o excuse_v he_o to_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n shall_v be_v amerce_v and_o otherwise_o punish_v 7_o hen._n 4._o c._n 15._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n at_o the_o grievous_a complaint_n of_o his_o commons_o of_o the_o undue_a election_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o county_n sometime_o make_v of_o affection_n of_o sheriff_n and_o otherwise_o against_o the_o form_n of_o the_o writ_n to_o the_o great_a slander_n of_o the_o county_n etc._n etc._n our_o lord_n the_o king_n will_v therein_o to_o provide_v remedy_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o have_v ordain_v that_o election_n shall_v be_v make_v in_o the_o full_a county-court_n and_o that_o all_o that_o be_v there_o present_a as_o well-suitor_n as_o other_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o election_n free_o notwithstanding_o any_o request_n or_o command_v to_o the_o contrary_n 11_o hen._n 4._o c._n 1._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n ordain_v that_o a_o sheriff_n that_o make_v a_o undue_a return_n etc._n etc._n shall_v incur_v the_o penalty_n of_o a_o 100_o l._n to_o be_v pay_v to_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n 1_o h._n 5._o c._n 1._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o special_a instance_n and_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o ordain_v that_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n be_v not_o choose_v unless_o they_o be_v resiant_a within_o the_o shire_n the_o day_n of_o the_o date_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o that_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v resiant_a dwell_v and_o free_a in_o the_o same_o city_n and_o burrough_n and_o no_o other_o in_o any_o wise_a 6_o hen._n 6._o c._n 4._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n willing_a to_o provide_v remedy_n for_o knight_n choose_v for_o parliament_n and_o sheriff_n have_v ordain_v that_o they_o shall_v have_v their_o answer_n and_o traverse_v to_o inquest_n of_o office_n find_v against_o they_o 8_o hen._n 6._o c._n 7._o where_o as_o election_n of_o knight_n have_v be_v make_v by_o great_a outrages_a and_o excessive_a number_n of_o people_n of_o which_o most_o part_n be_v of_o people_n of_o no_o value_n whereof_o every_o of_o they_o pretend_v a_o voice_n equivalent_a to_o wortby_n knight_n and_o esquire_n whereby_o manslaughter_n riot_n and_o division_n among_o gentleman_n shall_v likely_o be_v our_o lord_n the_o king_n have_v ordain_v that_o knight_n of_o shire_n be_v choose_v by_o people_n dwell_v in_o the_o county_n every_o of_o they_o have_v land_n or_o tenement_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 2_o l._n the_o year_n at_o the_o least_o and_o that_o he_o that_o shall_v be_v choose_v shall_v be_v dwell_v and_o resiant_a within_o the_o county_n 10_o h._n 6._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n ordain_v that_o knight_n be_v choose_v by_o people_n dwell_v and_o have_v 2_o l._n by_o the_o year_n within_o the_o same_o county_n 11_o h._n 6._o c._n 11._o the_o king_n willing_a to_o provide_v for_o the_o ease_n of_o they_o that_o come_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o counsel_n of_o the_o king_n by_o his_o commandment_n have_v ordain_v that_o if_o any_o assault_n or_o fray_n be_v make_v on_o they_o that_o come_v to_o parliament_n or_o other_o council_n of_o the_o king_n the_o party_n which_o make_v any_o such_o affray_n or_o assault_n shall_v pay_v double_a damage_n and_o make_v fine_a and_o ransom_n at_o the_o king_n will._n 23_o h._n 6._o c._n 15._o the_o king_n consider_v the_o statute_n of_o 1_o h._n 5._o c._n 1._o &_o 8_o hen._n 6._o c._n 7._o and_o the_o default_n of_o sheriff_n in_o return_v knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n ordain_v 1._o that_o
the_o say_a statute_n shall_v be_v due_o keep_v 2._o that_o the_o sheriff_n shall_v deliver_v precept_n to_o mayor_n and_o bailiff_n to_o choose_v citizen_n and_o burgess_n 3._o the_o penalty_n of_o 100_o l._n for_o a_o sheriff_n make_v a_o untrue_a return_n concern_v the_o election_n of_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n 4._o the_o penalty_n of_o 40_o l._n for_o mayor_n or_o bailiff_n make_v untrue_a return_v 5._o due_a election_n of_o knight_n must_v be_v in_o the_o full_a county-court_n between_o the_o hour_n of_o eight_o and_o eleven_o before_o noon_n 6._o the_o party_n must_v begin_v his_o suit_n within_o 3_o month_n after_o the_o parliament_n begin_v 7._o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n shall_v be_v notable_a knight_n of_o the_o county_n or_o such_o notable_a esquire_n or_o gentleman_n bear_v of_o the_o say_a county_n as_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o be_v knight_n and_o no_o man_n to_o be_v such_o knight_n which_o stand_v in_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o yeoman_n and_o under_o the_o last_o thing_n i_o observe_v in_o the_o writ_n for_o election_n of_o member_n for_o parliament_n be_v that_o by_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o writ_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n for_o the_o parliament_n be_v eligible_a at_o the_o county-court_n as_o well_o as_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o that_o not_o only_a freeholder_n but_o all_o other_o whosoever_o be_v present_a at_o the_o county-court_n have_v voice_n in_o such_o election_n see_v the_o stat._n 7_o hen._n 4._o cap._n 15._o i_o have_v the_o long_o insist_v on_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v the_o power_n &_o action_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v principal_o justify_v by_o the_o trust_n which_o the_o freeholders_n commit_v unto_o they_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o writ_n i_o will_v not_o be_v understand_v to_o determine_v what_o power_n the_o house_n of_o commons_o do_v or_o may_v exercise_v if_o the_o king_n please_v i_o confine_v myself_o only_o to_o the_o power_n in_o the_o writ_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o king_n hen._n 7._o in_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o britain_n and_o king_n james_n in_o the_o business_n of_o the_o palatinate_n ask_v the_o council_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o and_o not_o only_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o but_o every_o subject_a in_o particular_a by_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n be_v bind_v to_o give_v his_o best_a advice_n to_o his_o sovereign_n when_o he_o be_v think_v worthy_a to_o have_v his_o council_n ask_v 13_o edw._n 3._o nu_fw-la 10._o all_o the_o merchant_n of_o england_n be_v summon_v by_o writ_n to_o appear_v at_o westminster_n in_o proper_a person_n to_o confer_v upon_o great_a business_n concern_v the_o king_n honour_n the_o salvation_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o of_o themselves_o in_o passage_n of_o public_a council_n it_o be_v observable_a say_v sir_n rob._n cotton_n that_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o king_n of_o england_n cotton_n do_v entertain_v the_o commons_o with_o weighty_a cause_n thereby_o to_o apt_a and_o bind_v they_o to_o a_o readiness_n of_o charge_n and_o the_o commons_o to_o shun_v expense_n have_v wary_o avoid_v to_o give_v advice_n 13_o edw._n 3._o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v call_v to_o consult_v how_o the_o domestic_a quiet_n may_v be_v preserve_v the_o march_n of_o scotland_n defend_v and_o the_o sea_n secure_v from_o enemy_n the_o peer_n and_o commons_o have_v apart_o consult_v the_o commons_o desire_v not_o to_o be_v charge_v to_o council_n of_o thing_n of_o which_o they_o have_v no_o cognisance_n de_fw-fr queux_fw-fr ils_fw-fr n'_fw-fr ont_fw-fr pas_fw-fr de_fw-fr cognisance_n 21_o edw._n 3._o justice_n thorp_n declare_v to_o the_o peer_n and_o commons_o that_o the_o french_a war_n begin_v by_o their_o advice_n the_o truce_n after_o by_o their_o assent_n accept_v and_o now_o end_v the_o king_n pleasure_n be_v to_o have_v their_o counsel_n in_o the_o prosecution_n the_o commons_o be_v command_v to_o assemble_v themselves_o and_o when_o they_o be_v agree_v to_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n after_o four_o day_n consultation_n humble_o desire_v of_o the_o king_n that_o he_o will_v be_v advise_v therein_o by_o the_o lord_n and_o other_o of_o more_o experience_n than_o themselves_o in_o such_o affair_n 6_o ric._n 2._o the_o parliament_n be_v call_v to_o consult_v whether_o the_o king_n shall_v go_v in_o person_n to_o rescue_n gaunt_n or_o send_v a_o army_n the_o commons_o after_o two_o day_n debate_v crave_v a_o conference_n with_o the_o lord_n and_o sir_n thomas_n puckering_n their_o speaker_n protest_v that_o counsel_n for_o war_n do_v apt_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o lord_n yet_o since_o the_o commons_o be_v command_v to_o give_v their_o advice_n they_o humble_o wish_v a_o voyage_n by_o the_o king_n 7_o ric._n 2._o at_o the_o second_o session_n the_o commons_o be_v will_v to_o advise_v upon_o view_n of_o article_n of_o peace_n with_o the_o french_a whether_o war_n or_o such_o amity_n shall_v be_v accept_v they_o modest_o excuse_v themselves_o as_o too_o weak_a to_o counsel_n in_o so_o weighty_a cause_n but_o charge_v again_o as_o they_o do_v tender_v their_o honour_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n they_o make_v their_o answer_n give_v their_o opinion_n rather_o for_o peace_n than_o war._n for_o full_a manifestation_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v touch_v the_o call_v election_n and_o power_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n it_o be_v behooveful_a to_o observe_v some_o point_n deliver_v by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o parliament_n where_o first_o he_o fair_o begin_v and_o lay_v his_o foundation_n that_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n consist_v of_o the_o king_n majesty_n sit_v there_o and_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n 1._o the_o lord_n spiritual_a 2._o the_o lord_n temporal_a 3._o and_o the_o commons_o hence_o it_o be_v to_o be_v gather_v that_o true_o and_o proper_o it_o can_v be_v call_v the_o high_a 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will_v restore_v he_o all_o his_o land_n all_o they_o in_o this_o form_n lade_n themselves_o with_o treasure_n and_o come_v to_o the_o king_n do_v show_v the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o their_o consideration_n to_o which_o the_o king_n not_o willing_a to_o contradict_v do_v ratify_v all_o that_o they_o have_v judge_v 23_o hen._n 2._o in_o lent_n there_o be_v a_o assembly_n of_o all_o the_o spiritual_a and_o temporal_a baron_n at_o westminster_n selden_n for_o the_o determination_n of_o that_o great_a contention_n between_o alfonso_n king_n of_o castille_n and_o sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n touch_v divers_a castle_n and_o territory_n in_o spain_n which_o be_v by_o comprise_v submit_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o king_n consult_v with_o his_o bishop_n earls_z and_o baron_n determine_v it_o as_o he_o say_v himself_o in_o the_o first_o person_n in_o the_o exemplification_n of_o the_o judgement_n 2._o of_o king_n john_n also_o that_o great_a 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and_o florence_n becket_n shall_v sue_v no_o further_o in_o their_o cause_n against_o alice_n radley_n widow_n for_o land_n in_o wolwich_n and_o plumsted_n in_o kent_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o matter_n have_v be_v hear_v first_o before_o the_o council_n of_o edw._n 4._o after_o that_o before_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o request_n of_o that_o king_n hen._n 7._o and_o then_o last_o before_o the_o council_n of_o the_o say_a king_n 1_o h._n 7._o in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 3._o a_o order_n or_o provision_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n council_n and_o it_o be_v plead_v at_o the_o common_a law_n in_o bar_n to_o a_o writ_n of_o dower_n the_o plaintiff_n attorney_n can_v not_o deny_v it_o and_o thereupon_o the_o judgement_n be_v ideo_fw-la sine_fw-la die_fw-la it_o seem_v in_o those_o day_n a_o order_n of_o the_o king_n council_n be_v either_o parcel_n of_o the_o common_a law_n or_o above_o it_o also_o we_o may_v find_v the_o judge_n have_v have_v regard_n that_o before_o they_o will_v 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case_n of_o sir_n thomas_n ogthred_n who_o bring_v a_o formedon_n against_o a_o poor_a man_n and_o his_o wife_n they_o come_v and_o yield_v to_o the_o demandant_n which_o seem_v suspicious_a to_o the_o court_n whereupon_o judgement_n be_v stay_v and_o thorp_n say_v that_o in_o the_o like_a case_n of_o giles_n blacket_n it_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o parliament_n and_o we_o be_v command_v that_o when_o any_o like_a shall_v come_v we_o shall_v not_o go_v to_o judgement_n without_o good_a advice_n therefore_o the_o judge_n conclusion_n be_v sue_v au_o counsel_n &_o comment_v ill_n voilent_a que_fw-fr nous_fw-fr devomus_fw-la fair_a nous_fw-fr volume_n fair_a &_o autrement_fw-fr ment_fw-mi en_fw-fr cest_fw-fr case_n sue_v to_o the_o council_n and_o as_o they_o will_v have_v we_o to_o do_v we_o will_v do_v and_o otherwise_o not_o in_o this_o case_n 39_o edw._n 3._o thus_o we_o see_v the_o judge_n themselves_o be_v guide_v by_o the_o king_n council_n and_o yet_o the_o opinion_n of_o judge_n 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when_o the_o command_n and_o pleasure_n of_o superior_n come_v abroad_o and_o call_v for_o a_o obedience_n that_o every_o man_n himself_o know_v how_o to_o regulate_v his_o action_n or_o his_o suffering_n for_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o thing_n command_v a_o active_a or_o passive_a obedience_n be_v to_o be_v yield_v and_o this_o be_v not_o to_o limit_v the_o prince_n power_n but_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o subject_n obedience_n by_o give_v to_o caesar_n the_o thing_n that_o be_v caesar_n etc._n etc._n second_o i_o be_o not_o to_o question_v or_o quarrel_n at_o the_o right_n or_o liberty_n of_o this_o or_o any_o other_o nation_n my_o task_n be_v chief_o to_o inquire_v from_o who_o these_o first_o come_v not_o to_o dispute_v what_o or_o how_o many_o these_o be_v but_o whether_o they_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o law_n of_o natural_a liberty_n or_o from_o the_o grace_n and_o bounty_n of_o prince_n my_o desire_n and_o hope_n be_v that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n may_v and_o do_v enjoy_v as_o ample_a privilege_n as_o any_o nation_n under_o heaven_n the_o great_a liberty_n in_o the_o world_n if_o it_o be_v due_o consider_v be_v for_o a_o people_n to_o live_v under_o a_o monarch_n it_o be_v the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o this_o kingdom_n all_o other_o show_v or_o pretext_n of_o liberty_n be_v but_o several_a degree_n of_o slavery_n and_o a_o liberty_n only_o to_o destroy_v liberty_n if_o such_o as_o maintain_v the_o natural_a liberty_n of_o mankind_n take_v offence_n at_o the_o liberty_n i_o take_v to_o examine_v it_o they_o must_v take_v heed_n that_o they_o do_v not_o deny_v by_o retail_n that_o liberty_n which_o they_o affirm_v by_o wholesale_n for_o if_o the_o thesis_n be_v true_a the_o hypothesis_n will_v follow_v that_o all_o man_n may_v examine_v their_o own_o charter_n deed_n or_o evidence_n by_o which_o they_o claim_v and_o hold_v the_o inheritance_n
by_o any_o rule_n of_o reason_n or_o of_o state_n examine_v his_o action_n without_o a_o distemper_a judgement_n and_o you_o will_v not_o condemn_v he_o to_o be_v exceed_v either_o insufficient_a or_o evil_a weigh_v the_o imputation_n that_o be_v object_v against_o he_o and_o you_o shall_v find_v nothing_o either_o of_o any_o truth_n or_o of_o great_a moment_n hollingshed_n write_v that_o he_o be_v most_o unthankful_o use_v by_o his_o subject_n for_o although_o through_o the_o frailty_n of_o his_o youth_n he_o demean_v himself_o more_o dissolute_o than_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o royalty_n of_o his_o estate_n yet_o in_o no_o king_n day_n be_v the_o commons_o in_o great_a wealth_n the_o nobility_n more_o honour_v and_o the_o clergy_n less_o wrong_v who_o notwithstanding_o in_o the_o evil-guided_n strength_n of_o their_o will_n take_v head_n against_o he_o to_o their_o own_o headlong_a destruction_n afterward_o partly_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n his_o next_o successor_n who_o great_a achievement_n be_v against_o his_o own_o people_n in_o execute_v those_o who_o conspire_v with_o he_o against_o king_n richard_n but_o more_o especial_o in_o succeed_a time_n when_o upon_o occasion_n of_o this_o disorder_n more_o english_a blood_n be_v spend_v than_o be_v in_o all_o the_o foreign_a war_n together_o which_o have_v be_v since_o the_o conquest_n twice_o have_v this_o kingdom_n be_v miserable_o waste_v with_o civil_a war_n but_o neither_o of_o they_o occasion_v by_o the_o tyranny_n of_o any_o prince_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o baron_n war_n be_v by_o good_a historian_n attribute_v to_o the_o stubbornness_n of_o the_o nobility_n as_o the_o bloody_a variance_n of_o the_o house_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n and_o the_o late_a rebellion_n spring_v from_o the_o wantonness_n of_o the_o people_n these_o three_o unnatural_a war_n have_v dishonour_v our_o nation_n among_o stranger_n so_o that_o in_o the_o censure_n of_o kingdom_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o king_n of_o man_n because_o of_o his_o subject_n willing_a obedience_n the_o king_n of_o france_n king_n of_o ass_n because_o of_o their_o infinite_a tax_n and_o imposition_n but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o king_n of_o devil_n because_o of_o his_o subject_n often_o insurrection_n against_o and_o deposition_n of_o their_o prince_n chap._n iii_o positive_a law_n do_v not_o infringe_v the_o natural_a and_o fatherly_a power_n of_o king_n 1._o regal_a authority_n not_o subject_a to_o the_o positive_a law_n king_n before_o law_n the_o king_n of_o judah_n and_o israel_n not_o tie_v to_o law_n 2._o of_o samuel_n description_n of_o a_o king_n 1_o sam._n 8._o 3._o the_o power_n ascribe_v unto_o king_n in_o the_o new_a testament_n 4._o whether_o law_n be_v invent_v to_o bridle_v tyrant_n 5._o the_o benefit_n of_o law_n 6._o king_n keep_v the_o law_n though_o not_o bind_v by_o the_o law_n 7._o of_o the_o oath_n of_o king_n 8._o of_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n over_o law_n 9_o the_o king_n the_o author_n the_o interpreter_n and_o corrector_n of_o the_o common_a law_n 10._o the_o king_n judge_n in_o all_o cause_n both_o before_o the_o conquest_n and_o since_o 11._o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n have_v ancient_o determine_v cause_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n 12._o of_o parliament_n 13._o when_o the_o people_n be_v first_o call_v to_o parliament_n 14._o the_o liberty_n of_o parliament_n not_o from_o nature_n but_o from_o grace_n of_o the_o prince_n 15._o the_o king_n alone_o make_v law_n in_o parliament_n 16._o govern_v both_o house_n as_o head_n by_o himself_o 17._o by_o his_o council_n 18._o by_o his_o judge_n 1._o hitherto_o i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o show_v the_o natural_a institution_n of_o regal_a authority_n and_o to_o free_v it_o from_o subjection_n to_o a_o arbitrary_a election_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v necessary_a also_o to_o inquire_v whether_o humane_a law_n have_v a_o superiority_n over_o 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may_v be_v free_a of_o his_o own_o authority_n and_o of_o absolute_a power_n over_o himself_o and_o over_o the_o law_n to_o do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o leave_v undo_v what_o he_o list_v and_o this_o decree_n be_v make_v while_o augustus_n be_v yet_o absent_a according_o we_o find_v that_o ulpian_n the_o great_a lawyer_n deliver_v it_o for_o a_o rule_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n princeps_fw-la legibus_fw-la solutus_fw-la est_fw-la the_o prince_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o law_n 9_o if_o the_o nature_n of_o law_n be_v advise_o weigh_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v above_o they_o may_v more_o manifest_v itself_o we_o all_o know_v that_o a_o law_n in_o general_n be_v the_o command_n of_o a_o superior_a power_n law_n be_v divide_v as_o bellarmine_n divide_v the_o word_n of_o god_n into_o write_v and_o unwritten_a not_o for_o that_o it_o be_v not_o write_v at_o all_o but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o write_v by_o the_o first_o deviser_n or_o maker_n of_o it_o the_o common_a 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or_o more_o aught_o to_o be_v lord_n over_o all_o those_o thing_n whereof_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o law_n shall_v exact_o speak_v because_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o comprehend_v all_o thing_n under_o general_a rule_n whatsoever_o the_o law_n can_v determine_v it_o leave_v to_o the_o governor_n to_o give_v judgement_n therein_o and_o permit_v they_o to_o rectify_v whatsoever_o upon_o trial_n thy_o find_v to_o be_v better_a than_o the_o write_a law_n beside_o all_o law_n be_v of_o themselves_o dumb_a and_o some_o or_o other_o must_v be_v trust_v with_o the_o application_n of_o they_o to_o particular_n by_o examine_v all_o circumstance_n to_o pronounce_v when_o they_o be_v break_v or_o by_o who_o this_o work_n of_o right_a application_n of_o law_n be_v not_o a_o thing_n easy_a or_o obvious_a for_o ordinary_a capacity_n but_o require_v profound_a ability_n of_o nature_n for_o the_o beat_n out_o of_o the_o truth_n witness_v the_o diversity_n and_o sometime_o the_o contrariety_n of_o 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place_n rex_fw-la &_o non_fw-la alius_fw-la debet_fw-la judicare_fw-la si_fw-la solus_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la sufficere_fw-la possit_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o king_n and_o no_o body_n else_o aught_o to_o give_v judgement_n if_o he_o be_v able_a since_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o oath_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o it_o therefore_o the_o king_n ought_v to_o exercise_v power_n as_o the_o vicar_n or_o minister_n of_o god_n but_o if_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v not_o able_a to_o determine_v every_o cause_n to_o ease_v part_n of_o his_o pain_n by_o distribute_v the_o burden_n to_o more_o person_n he_o ought_v to_o choose_v wiseman_n fear_v god_n etc._n etc._n and_o make_v justice_n of_o they_o much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n be_v the_o word_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o book_n of_o law_n write_v by_o his_o appointment_n by_o john_n briton_n bishop_n of_o hereford_z we_o will_v say_v he_o that_o our_o own_o jurisdiction_n be_v above_o all_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o our_o realm_n so_o as_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o felony_n trespass_n contract_n and_o in_o all_o other_o action_n personal_a or_o real_a we_o have_v power_n to_o yield_v such_o judgement_n as_o do_v appertain_v without_o other_o process_n wheresoever_o we_o know_v the_o right_a truth_n as_o judge_n neither_o may_v this_o be_v take_v to_o be_v mean_v of_o a_o imaginary_a presence_n of_o the_o king_n person_n in_o his_o court_n because_o he_o do_v immediate_o after_o in_o the_o same_o place_n several_o set_v forth_o by_o themselves_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o ordinary_a court_n but_o must_v necessary_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o jurisdiction_n remain_v in_o the_o king_n be_v royal_a person_n and_o that_o this_o than_o be_v no_o new-made_a law_n or_o first_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o norman_a conquest_n appear_v by_o a_o saxon_a law_n make_v by_o
the_o king_n alone_o at_o the_o rogation_n of_o the_o people_n as_o his_o majesty_n king_n james_n of_o happy_a memory_n affirm_v in_o his_o true_a law_n of_o free_a monarchy_n and_o as_o hooker_n teach_v we_o that_o law_n do_v not_o take_v their_o constrain_a force_n from_o the_o quality_n of_o such_o as_o devise_v they_o but_o from_o the_o power_n that_o do_v give_v they_o the_o strength_n of_o law_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr le_fw-fr veult_n the_o king_n will_v have_v it_o so_o be_v the_o interpretive_a phrase_n pronounce_v at_o the_o king_n be_v pass_v of_o every_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o it_o be_v the_o ancient_a custom_n for_o a_o long_a time_n till_o the_o day_n of_o henry_n the_o five_o that_o the_o king_n when_o any_o bill_n be_v bring_v unto_o they_o that_o have_v pass_v both_o house_n to_o take_v and_o pick_v out_o what_o they_o like_v not_o and_o so_o much_o as_o they_o choose_v be_v enact_v for_o a_o law_n but_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o late_a king_n have_v be_v so_o 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to_o judge_v they_o if_o the_o dernier_fw-fr resort_n be_v to_o the_o lord_n alone_o than_o they_o have_v the_o supremacy_n but_o as_o moses_n by_o choose_v elder_n to_o judge_v in_o small_a cause_n do_v not_o thereby_o lose_v his_o authority_n to_o be_v judge_n himself_o when_o he_o please_v even_o in_o the_o small_a matter_n much_o less_o in_o the_o great_a which_o he_o reserve_v to_o himself_o so_o king_n by_o delegate_a other_o to_o judge_n under_o they_o do_v not_o hereby_o denude_v themselves_o of_o a_o power_n to_o judge_v when_o they_o think_v good_a there_o be_v a_o distinction_n of_o these_o time_n that_o king_n themselves_o may_v not_o judge_v but_o they_o may_v see_v and_o look_v to_o the_o judge_n that_o they_o give_v judgement_n according_a to_o law_n and_o for_o this_o purpose_n only_o as_o some_o say_v king_n may_v sometime_o sit_v in_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n but_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o king_n to_o see_v the_o law_n execute_v except_o there_o be_v a_o 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need_v no_o further_a proof_n because_o mr._n pryn_n do_v confess_v that_o king_n themselves_o have_v sit_v in_o person_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o other_o court_n and_o there_o give_v judgement_n p._n 32._o treachery_n and_o disloyalty_n etc._n etc._n notwithstanding_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v for_o the_o legislative_a and_o judicial_a power_n of_o king_n mr._n pryn_n be_v so_o far_o from_o yield_v the_o king_n a_o power_n to_o make_v law_n that_o he_o will_v not_o grant_v the_o king_n a_o power_n to_o hinder_v a_o law_n from_o be_v make_v that_o be_v he_o allow_v he_o not_o a_o negative_a voice_n in_o most_o case_n which_o be_v due_a to_o every_o other_o even_o to_o the_o mean_a member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o his_o judgement_n to_o prove_v the_o king_n have_v not_o a_o negative_a voice_n his_o main_n and_o in_o truth_n his_o only_a argument_n insist_v on_o be_v a_o coronation-oath_n which_o be_v say_v ancient_o some_o of_o our_o king_n of_o england_n 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so_o much_o disparage_v the_o member_n of_o parliament_n as_o to_o disgrace_v they_o with_o a_o title_n both_o base_a and_o false_a it_o have_v be_v enough_o if_o not_o too_o much_o to_o have_v call_v they_o populus_fw-la the_o people_n but_o vulgus_fw-la the_o vulgar_a the_o rude_a multitude_n which_o have_v the_o epithet_n of_o ignobile_fw-la vulgus_fw-la be_v a_o word_n as_o dishonourable_a to_o the_o composer_n of_o the_o oath_n to_o give_v or_o for_o the_o king_n to_o use_v as_o for_o the_o member_n of_o the_o parliament_n to_o receive_v it_o be_v most_o false_a for_o the_o peer_n can_v be_v vulgus_fw-la because_o they_o be_v the_o prime_a person_n of_o the_o kingdom_n next_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v notable_a knight_n or_o notable_a esquire_n or_o gentleman_n bear_v in_o the_o county_n as_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o be_v knight_n then_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v to_o be_v most_o sufficient_a none_o of_o these_o can_v be_v 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treason_n and_o he_o call_v the_o statute_n of_o 11_o hen._n 7._o a_o unjust_a and_o strange_a act._n but_o it_o may_v be_v mr._n pryn_n will_v confess_v that_o law_n choose_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o may_v be_v unjust_a so_o that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o themselves_o may_v be_v the_o judge_n of_o what_o be_v just_a or_o unjust_a but_o where_o the_o king_n by_o oath_n bind_v his_o conscience_n to_o protect_v just_a law_n it_o concern_v he_o to_o be_v satisfy_v in_o his_o own_o conscience_n that_o they_o be_v just_a and_o not_o by_o a_o implicit_a faith_n or_o blind_a obedience_n no_o man_n can_v be_v so_o proper_a a_o judge_n of_o the_o justness_n of_o law_n as_o he_o who_o soul_n must_v lie_v at_o the_o stake_n for_o the_o defence_n and_o safeguard_v of_o they_o beside_o in_o this_o very_a oath_n the_o king_n do_v swear_v to_o do_v equal_a and_o right_a justice_n and_o discretion_n in_o mercy_n and_o truth_n in_o all_o his_o judgement_n facies_fw-la fieri_fw-la in_o 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if_o he_o alone_o be_v able_a much_o like_o the_o word_n of_o bracton_n speak_v briton_n where_o after_o that_o he_o have_v show_v that_o the_o king_n be_v the_o viceroy_n of_o god_n and_o that_o he_o have_v distribute_v his_o charge_n into_o sundry_a portion_n because_o he_o alone_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o hear_v all_o complaint_n of_o his_o people_n than_o he_o add_v these_o word_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n nous_fw-fr volon_n que_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr jurisdiction_n soit_fw-fr sur_fw-fr tout_fw-fr jurisdiction_n etc._n etc._n we_o will_v that_o our_o jurisdiction_n be_v above_o all_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o our_o realm_n so_o as_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o felony_n trespass_n contract_n and_o in_o all_o other_o action_n personal_a or_o real_a we_o have_v power_n to_o yield_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v yield_v such_o judgement_n as_o do_v appertain_v without_o other_o process_n wheresoever_o we_o know_v the_o right_a truth_n as_o judge_n neither_o be_v this_o to_o be_v 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that_o even_o so_o many_o year_n ago_o there_o may_v be_v appellation_n make_v to_o the_o king_n person_n whensoever_o the_o cause_n shall_v enforce_v it_o the_o very_a like_o law_n in_o effect_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o law_n of_o canutus_n the_o dane_n sometime_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n out_o of_o which_o law_n master_n lambard_n gather_v that_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v a_o high_a court_n of_o justice_n wherein_o it_o seem_v he_o sit_v in_o person_n for_o the_o word_n be_v let_v he_o not_o seek_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o same_o court_n of_o the_o king_n do_v judge_v not_o only_o according_a to_o mere_a right_n and_o law_n but_o also_o after_o equity_n and_o good_a conscience_n for_o the_o close_a i_o shall_v end_v with_o the_o suffrage_n of_o our_o late_a antiquary_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n he_o say_v omnis_fw-la regni_fw-la justitia_fw-la solius_fw-la regis_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n all_o justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v only_o the_o king_n be_v and_o he_o alone_o if_o he_o be_v able_a shall_v administer_v it_o but_o that_o be_v impossible_a he_o be_v force_v to_o delegate_v it_o to_o minister_n who_o he_o bound_v by_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o law_n the_o positive_a law_n be_v only_o about_o general_n in_o particular_a case_n they_o be_v sometime_o too_o strict_a sometime_o too_o remiss_a and_o so_o oft_o wrong_v instead_o of_o right_o will_v be_v do_v if_o we_o stand_v to_o strict_a law_n also_o cause_n hard_a and_o difficult_a daily_o arise_v which_o be_v comprehend_v in_o no_o law-book_n in_o those_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o run_v back_o to_o the_o king_n the_o fountain_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o vicegerent_n of_o god_n himself_o who_o in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o jew_n take_v such_o cause_n to_o his_o own_o cognisance_n and_o leave_v
to_o king_n not_o only_o the_o example_n of_o such_o jurisdiction_n but_o the_o prerogative_n also_o of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n what_o need_v all_o this_o ado_n will_v some_o say_v to_o sift_v out_o what_o be_v comprise_v in_o the_o writ_n for_o the_o election_n of_o the_o commons_o to_o parliament_n since_o it_o be_v certain_a though_o the_o writ_n do_v not_o yet_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n give_v sufficient_a power_n for_o all_o proceed_n of_o the_o two_o house_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o what_o slight_a esteem_n soever_o be_v make_v of_o the_o writ_n yet_o in_o all_o other_o case_n the_o original_a writ_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o whole_a business_n or_o action_n and_o to_o vary_v in_o substance_n from_o the_o writ_n make_v a_o nullity_n in_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o proceed_n thereupon_o and_o where_o a_o commissioner_n exercise_v more_o power_n than_o be_v warrant_v by_o his_o commission_n every_o such_o act_n be_v void_a and_o in_o many_o case_n punishable_a yet_o we_o will_v lay_v aside_o the_o writ_n and_o apply_v ourselves_o to_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n the_o task_n be_v the_o more_o difficult_a for_o that_o we_o be_v not_o tell_v what_o the_o number_n of_o privilege_n be_v or_o which_o they_o be_v some_o do_v think_v that_o as_o there_o be_v dormant_a article_n of_o faith_n in_o the_o roman_a church_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o declare_v so_o there_o be_v likewise_o privilege_n dormant_a in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o not_o yet_o reveal_v we_o must_v therefore_o be_v content_a in_o a_o generality_n to_o discourse_n of_o the_o quality_n or_o condition_n of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n and_o to_o confine_v ourselves_o to_o these_o three_o point_n 1._o that_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n give_v no_o power_n but_o only_o help_v to_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o power_n give_v by_o the_o writ_n 2._o that_o the_o freeholders_n by_o their_o election_n give_v no_o privilege_n 3._o that_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n be_v the_o gift_n of_o the_o king_n first_o the_o end_n or_o scope_n of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n be_v not_o to_o give_v any_o power_n to_o do_v any_o public_a act_n not_o warrant_v by_o the_o writ_n but_o they_o be_v intend_v as_o help_n only_o to_o enable_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o duty_n enjoin_v and_o so_o be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o power_n comprise_v in_o the_o writ_n for_o instance_n the_o grand_a privilege_n of_o freedom_n from_o arrest_n do_v not_o give_v any_o power_n at_o all_o to_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o to_o do_v any_o act_n but_o by_o take_v away_o from_o the_o freeholders_n and_o other_o subject_n the_o power_n of_o arrest_n the_o commons_o be_v the_o better_o enable_v to_o attend_v the_o service_n to_o which_o they_o be_v call_v by_o the_o king_n in_o many_o other_o case_n the_o servant_n or_o minister_n of_o the_o king_n be_v privilege_v and_o protect_v much_o in_o the_o same_o nature_n the_o servant_n in_o household_n to_o the_o king_n may_v not_o be_v arrest_v without_o special_a licence_n also_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n court_n of_o justice_n have_v a_o privilege_n not_o to_o be_v sue_v in_o any_o other_o court_n but_o where_o they_o serve_v and_o attend_v and_o to_o this_o purpose_n they_o be_v allow_v a_o writ_n of_o privilege_n likewise_o all_o such_o as_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n as_o be_v employ_v on_o foreign_a affair_n for_o he_o be_v protect_v from_o action_n and_o suit_n nay_o the_o king_n protection_n descend_v to_o the_o privilege_v even_o of_o laundress_n nurse_n and_o midwife_n if_o they_o attend_v upon_o the_o camp_n as_o sir_n edward_n coke_n say_v quia_fw-la lotrix_fw-la seu_fw-la nutrix_fw-la seu_fw-la obstetrix_fw-la beside_o the_o king_n protect_v his_o debtor_n from_o arrest_n of_o the_o subject_a till_o his_o own_o debt_n be_v pay_v these_o sort_n of_o protection_n be_v privilege_n the_o common_a law_n take_v notice_n of_o and_o allow_v and_o have_v several_a distinction_n of_o they_o and_o some_o be_v protection_n quia_fw-la profecturus_fw-la and_o other_o be_v quia_fw-la moraturus_fw-la some_o be_v with_o a_o clause_n of_o volumus_fw-la for_o stay_n of_o suit_n other_o with_o a_o clause_n of_o nolumus_fw-la for_o the_o safety_n of_o man_n person_n servant_n and_o good_n and_o the_o king_n writ_n do_v vary_v herein_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o business_n but_o none_o of_o these_o privilege_n or_o protection_n do_v give_v any_o power_n they_o be_v not_o positive_a but_o privative_a they_o take_v away_o and_o deprive_v the_o subject_a of_o the_o power_n or_o liberty_n to_o arrest_v or_o sue_v in_o some_o case_n only_o no_o protection_n or_o privilege_n do_v defend_v in_o point_n of_o treason_n felony_n or_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n privilege_n be_v direct_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n for_o otherwise_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v privilege_n and_o they_o be_v to_o be_v interpret_v in_o the_o strict_a manner_n as_o be_v odious_a and_o contrary_a to_o law_n we_o see_v the_o use_n of_o privilege_n they_o do_v but_o serve_v as_o a_o dispensation_n against_o law_n intend_v original_o and_o principal_o for_o the_o expedit_v of_o the_o king_n business_n though_o secondary_o and_o by_o accident_n there_o do_v sometime_o redound_v a_o benefit_n by_o they_o to_o the_o party_n themselves_o that_o be_v protect_v strict_o and_o proper_o every_o privilege_n must_v be_v against_o a_o public_a or_o common_a law_n for_o there_o be_v no_o use_n or_o need_v of_o a_o private_a law_n to_o protect_v where_o there_o be_v no_o public_a law_n to_o the_o contrary_a favour_n and_o grace_n which_o be_v only_o beside_o and_o not_o against_o the_o law_n do_v not_o proper_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o privilege_n though_o common_a use_n do_v not_o distinguish_v they_o i_o know_v no_o other_o privilege_n that_o can_v be_v true_o so_o call_v and_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o which_o be_v so_o vast_a and_o great_a as_o this_o privilege_n of_o their_o person_n servant_n and_o good_n this_o be_v indeed_o against_o the_o common_a law_n and_o do_v concern_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o if_o they_o must_v be_v bind_v by_o it_o touch_v this_o grand_a privilege_n of_o freedom_n from_o arrest_n i_o read_v that_o in_o the_o 33_o hen._n 8._o the_o commons_o do_v not_o proceed_v to_o the_o punishment_n of_o offender_n for_o the_o breach_n of_o it_o until_o the_o lord_n refer_v the_o punishment_n thereof_o to_o the_o low_a house_n the_o case_n be_v thus_o report_v george_n ferrer_n gentleman_n servant_z to_z the_o king_n and_o burgess_n for_o plymouth_n go_v to_o the_o parliament-house_n be_v arrest_v in_o london_n by_o process_n out_o of_o the_o king_n bench_n for_o debt_n wherein_o he_o have_v before_o be_v condemn_v as_o surety_n for_o one_o welden_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o one_o white_a which_o arrest_v signify_v to_o sir_n thomas_n moyl_n speaker_n and_o to_o the_o rest_n the_o sergeant_n call_v saint-john_n be_v send_v to_o the_o counter_a in_o breadstreet_n to_o demand_v ferrer_n the_o officer_n of_o the_o counter_n refuse_v to_o deliver_v he_o and_o give_v the_o sergeant_n such_o ill_a language_n that_o they_o fall_v to_o a_o affray_n the_o sheriff_n come_v take_v the_o officer_n part_n the_o sergeant_n return_v without_o the_o prisoner_n this_o be_v relate_v to_o the_o speaker_n and_o burgess_n they_o will_v sit_v no_o more_o without_o their_o burgess_n and_o rise_v repair_v to_o the_o upper_a house_n where_o the_o case_n be_v declare_v by_o the_o speaker_n before_o sir_n thomas_n audley_n chancellor_n and_o the_o lord_n and_o judge_n there_o assemble_v who_o judge_v the_o contempt_n to_o be_v very_o great_a refer_v the_o punishment_n thereof_o to_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o itself_o this_o privilege_n of_o freedom_n from_o arrest_n be_v the_o only_a privilege_n which_o sir_n edward_n coke_n find_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o he_o can_v or_o at_o least_o he_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o name_v any_o other_o in_o his_o section_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n neither_o do_v he_o bring_v so_o much_o as_o one_o precedent_n for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o one_o privilege_n for_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o which_o may_v cause_v a_o doubt_n that_o this_o sole_a privilege_n be_v not_o so_o clear_a as_o many_o do_v imagine_v for_o in_o a_o parliament_n in_o the_o 27_o eliz._n richard_n coke_n a_o member_n be_v serve_v with_o a_o subpoena_n of_o chancery_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n think_v the_o house_n have_v no_o such_o privilege_n for_o subpoena_n as_o they_o pretend_v neither_o will_v he_o allow_v of_o any_o precedent_n of_o the_o house_n commit_v unto_o they_o former_o use_v in_o that_o behalf_n unless_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o can_v also_o prove_v the_o same_o to_o have_v
of_o the_o upper_a house_n to_o be_v suppliant_n with_o they_o of_o the_o low_a house_n unto_o her_o majesty_n for_o entail_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n whereof_o a_o bill_n be_v ready_o draw_v by_o they_o her_o majesty_n be_v high_o displease_v herewith_o as_o contrary_a to_o her_o former_a strait_a command_n and_o charge_v the_o council_n to_o call_v the_o party_n before_o they_o sir_n thomas_n henage_n send_v for_o they_o and_o after_o speech_n with_o they_o command_v they_o to_o forbear_v the_o parliament_n and_o not_o to_o go_v out_o of_o their_o several_a lodging_n after_o they_o be_v call_v before_o the_o lord_n treasurer_n the_o lord_n buckhurst_n and_o sir_n thomas_n henage_n mr._n wentworth_n be_v commit_v by_o they_o to_o the_o tower_n sir_n henry_n bromley_n with_o mr._n richard_n stephens_n to_o who_o sir_n henry_n bromley_n have_v impart_v the_o matter_n be_v send_v to_o the_o fleet_n as_o also_o mr._n welch_n the_o other_o knight_n for_o worcestershire_n in_o the_o same_o parliament_n mr._n morrice_n attorney_n of_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n move_v against_o the_o hard_a course_n of_o the_o bishop_n ordinary_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n in_o their_o court_n use_v towards_o sundry_a learned_a and_o godly_a minister_n and_o preacher_n and_o speak_v against_o subscription_n and_o oath_n and_o offer_v a_o bill_n to_o be_v read_v against_o imprisonment_n for_o refusal_n of_o oath_n mr._n dalton_n oppose_v the_o read_n of_o it_o as_o a_o thing_n express_o against_o her_o majesty_n command_n to_o meddle_v in_o doctor_n lewin_n show_v that_o subscription_n be_v use_v even_o at_o geneva_n at_o two_o of_o the_o clock_n the_o same_o day_n the_o speaker_n mr._n coke_n afterward_o sir_n edward_n coke_n be_v send_v for_o to_o the_o court_n where_o the_o queen_n herself_o give_v he_o in_o command_n a_o message_n to_o the_o house_n she_o tell_v he_o it_o be_v whole_o in_o her_o power_n to_o call_v to_o determine_v to_o assent_v or_o dissent_n to_o any_o thing_n do_v in_o parliament_n that_o the_o call_v of_o this_o be_v only_o that_o the_o majesty_n of_o god_n may_v be_v more_o religious_o observe_v by_o compel_v by_o some_o sharp_a law_n such_o as_o neglect_v that_o service_n and_o that_o the_o safety_n of_o her_o majesty_n person_n and_o the_o realm_n may_v be_v provide_v for_o it_o be_v not_o mean_v they_o shall_v meddle_v with_o matter_n of_o state_n or_o cause_n ecclesiastical_a for_o so_o her_o majesty_n term_v they_o she_o wonder_v that_o any_o can_v be_v of_o so_o high_a commandment_n to_o attempt_v they_o be_v her_o own_o word_n a_o thing_n so_o express_o contrary_a to_o that_o which_o she_o have_v command_v wherefore_o with_o this_o she_o be_v high_o offend_v and_o because_o the_o word_n speak_v by_o my_o lord_n keeper_n be_v not_o now_o perhaps_o well_o remember_v or_o some_o be_v now_o here_o that_o be_v not_o then_o present_a her_o majesty_n present_a charge_n and_o express_v command_n be_v that_o no_o bill_n touch_v the_o say_a matter_n of_o state_n or_o reformation_n in_o cause_n ecclesiastical_a be_v exhibit_v and_o upon_o my_o allegiance_n say_v mr._n coke_n i_o be_o charge_v if_o any_o such_o bill_n be_v exhibit_v not_o to_o read_v it_o i_o have_v be_v credible_o inform_v that_o the_o queen_n send_v a_o messenger_n or_o sergeant_n at_o arm_n into_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o and_o take_v out_o mr._n morrice_n and_o commit_v he_o to_o prison_n within_o few_o day_n after_o i_o find_v mr._n wroth_a move_v in_o the_o house_n that_o they_o may_v be_v humble_a suitor_n to_o her_o majesty_n that_o she_o will_v be_v please_v to_o set_v at_o liberty_n those_o member_n of_o the_o house_n that_o be_v restrain_v to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v by_o the_o privy_a counsellor_n that_o her_o majesty_n have_v commit_v they_o for_o cause_n best_o know_v to_o herself_o and_o to_o press_v her_o highness_n with_o this_o suit_n will_v but_o hinder_v they_o who_o good_a be_v seek_v that_o the_o house_n must_v not_o call_v the_o queen_n to_o account_v for_o what_o she_o do_v of_o her_o royal_a authority_n that_o the_o cause_n for_o which_o they_o be_v restrain_v may_v be_v high_a and_o dangerous_a that_o her_o majesty_n like_v no_o such_o question_n neither_o do_v it_o become_v the_o house_n to_o search_v into_o such_o matter_n in_o the_o 39_o eliz._n the_o commons_o be_v tell_v their_o privilege_n be_v yea_o and_o no_o and_o that_o her_o majesty_n pleasure_n be_v that_o if_o the_o speaker_n perceive_v any_o idle_a head_n which_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o hazard_v their_o own_o estate_n which_o will_v meddle_v with_o reform_v the_o church_n and_o transform_v the_o commonweal_n and_o do_v exhibit_v bill_n to_o that_o purpose_n the_o speaker_n shall_v not_o receive_v they_o till_o they_o be_v view_v and_o consider_v by_o those_o who_o it_o be_v fit_a shall_v consider_v of_o such_o thing_n and_o can_v better_o judge_v of_o they_o and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o parliament_n the_o queen_n refuse_v to_o pass_v 48_o bill_n which_o have_v pass_v both_o house_n in_o the_o 28_o of_o eliz._n the_o queen_n say_v she_o be_v sorry_a the_o commons_o meddle_v with_o choose_v and_o return_v knight_n of_o the_o shire_n for_o norfolk_n a_o thing_n impertinent_a for_o the_o house_n to_o deal_v withal_o and_o only_o belong_v to_o the_o office_n and_o charge_n of_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n from_o who_o the_o writ_n issue_n and_o be_v return_v 4_o hen._n 4._o the_o 10_o of_o october_n the_o chancellor_n before_o the_o king_n declare_v the_o commons_o have_v send_v to_o the_o king_n pray_v he_o that_o they_o may_v have_v advice_n and_o communication_n with_o certain_a lord_n about_o matter_n of_o business_n in_o parliament_n for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o realm_n which_o prayer_n our_o lord_n the_o king_n gracious_o grant_v make_v protestation_n he_o will_v not_o do_v it_o of_o duty_n nor_o of_o custom_n but_o of_o his_o special_a grace_n at_o this_o time_n and_o therefore_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n charge_v the_o clerk_n of_o the_o parliament_n that_o this_o protestation_n shall_v be_v enter_v on_o record_n upon_o the_o parliament-roll_n which_o the_o king_n make_v know_v to_o they_o by_o the_o lord_n say_v and_o his_o secretary_n how_o that_o neither_o of_o due_a nor_o of_o custom_n our_o lord_n the_o king_n ought_v to_o grant_v any_o lord_n to_o enter_v into_o communication_n with_o they_o of_o matter_n touch_v the_o parliament_n but_o by_o his_o special_a grace_n at_o this_o time_n he_o have_v grant_v their_o request_n in_o this_o particular_a upon_o which_o matter_n the_o say_a steward_n and_o secretary_n make_v report_n to_o the_o king_n in_o parliament_n that_o the_o say_v commons_o know_v well_o that_o they_o can_v not_o have_v any_o such_o lord_n to_o commune_v with_o they_o of_o any_o business_n of_o parliament_n without_o special_a grace_n and_o command_v of_o the_o king_n himself_o it_o have_v heretofore_o be_v a_o question_n whether_o it_o be_v not_o a_o infringe_n and_o prejudice_n to_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o for_o they_o to_o join_v in_o conference_n with_o the_o lord_n in_o case_n of_o benevolence_n or_o contribution_n without_o a_o bill_n in_o the_o 35_o eliz._n on_o tuesday_n the_o first_o of_o march_n mr._n egerton_n attorney_n general_n and_o doct._n cary_n come_v with_o a_o message_n from_o the_o lord_n their_o lordship_n desire_v to_o put_v the_o house_n in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o speech_n deliver_v by_o the_o lord_n keeper_n the_o first_o day_n for_o consultation_n and_o provision_n of_o treasure_n to_o be_v have_v against_o the_o great_a and_o imminent_a danger_n of_o the_o realm_n thereupon_o their_o lordship_n do_v look_v to_o have_v something_o from_o the_o house_n touch_v those_o cause_n before_o this_o time_n and_o yet_o the_o parliament_n have_v sit_v but_o three_o day_n for_o it_o begin_v feb._n 26._o and_o therefore_o their_o lordship_n have_v hitherto_o omit_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n therein_o themselves_o and_o thereupon_o their_o lordship_n desire_v that_o according_a to_o former_a laudable_a usage_n between_o both_o house_n in_o such_o like_a case_n a_o committee_n of_o commons_o may_v have_v conference_n with_o a_o committee_n of_o lord_n touch_v provision_n of_o treasure_n against_o the_o great_a danger_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o be_v present_o resolve_v by_o the_o whole_a house_n and_o they_o signify_v to_o their_o lordship_n the_o willing_a and_o ready_a assent_n of_o the_o whole_a house_n at_o the_o meeting_n the_o lord_n negative_o affirm_v not_o to_o assent_v to_o less_o than_o three_o subsidy_n and_o do_v insist_v for_o a_o second_o conference_n m._n francis_n bacon_n yield_v to_o the_o subsidy_n but_o oppose_v the_o join_n with_o the_o lord_n as_o contrary_a to_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o
can_v restrain_v man_n from_o do_v what_o they_o list_v where_o every_o man_n do_v what_o he_o please_v it_o may_v be_v true_o say_v there_o be_v no_o government_n for_o the_o end_n of_o government_n be_v that_o every_o man_n shall_v not_o do_v what_o he_o please_v or_o be_v his_o own_o judge_n in_o his_o own_o case_n for_o the_o scripture_n to_o say_v there_o be_v no_o king_n be_v to_o say_v there_o be_v no_o form_n of_o government_n in_o israel_n and_o what_o the_o old_a testament_n teach_v we_o we_o have_v confirm_v in_o the_o new_a if_o saint_n paul_n have_v only_o say_v let_v every_o soul_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o high_a power_n and_o say_v no_o more_o then_o man_n may_v have_v dispute_v whether_o saint_n paul_n by_o high_a power_n have_v not_o mean_v as_o well_o other_o governor_n as_o king_n or_o other_o form_n of_o government_n as_o monarchy_n but_o the_o good_a luck_n be_v saint_n paul_n have_v be_v his_o own_o interpreter_n or_o comment_n for_o after_o the_o general_a doctrine_n of_o obedience_n to_o be_v give_v by_o all_o man_n to_o the_o high_a power_n he_o proceed_v next_o to_o charge_v it_o home_o and_o lay_v it_o to_o the_o conscience_n under_o pain_n of_o damnation_n and_o apply_v it_o to_o each_o particular_a man_n conscience_n say_v will_v thou_o not_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o power_n which_o power_n he_o expound_v in_o the_o singular_a number_n restrain_v it_o to_o one_o person_n say_v he_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n to_o thou_o it_o be_v not_o they_o be_v the_o minister_n to_o thou_o and_o then_o again_o he_o bear_v not_o the_o sword_n in_o vain_a and_o then_o a_o three_o time_n in_o the_o same_o verse_n lest_o thou_o shall_v forget_v it_o he_o say_v for_o he_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n a_o revenger_n to_o wrath_n etc._n etc._n upon_o thou_o if_o saint_n paul_n have_v say_v they_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n or_o they_o bear_v not_o the_o sword_n in_o vain_a it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o they_o be_v mean_v of_o king_n only_o or_o of_o other_o governor_n also_o but_o this_o scruple_n be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o apostle_n himself_o and_o as_o saint_n paul_n have_v expound_v what_o he_o mean_v by_o high_a power_n so_o saint_n peter_n also_o do_v the_o like_a for_o the_o selfsame_a word_n that_o saint_n paul_n use_v for_o high_a in_o saint_n peter_n be_v translate_v supreme_a so_o that_o though_o in_o our_o english_a bibles_n the_o word_n differ_v yet_o in_o the_o original_a they_o be_v both_o the_o same_o so_o that_o saint_n paul_n may_v have_v be_v english_v let_v every_o soul_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o supreme_a power_n or_o saint_n peter_n may_v have_v be_v translate_v whether_o to_o the_o king_n as_o to_o the_o high_a you_o there_o be_v this_o difference_n that_o whereas_o saint_n paul_n use_v the_o word_n in_o the_o plural_a number_n saint_n peter_n have_v it_o in_o the_o singular_a and_o with_o application_n to_o the_o king_n it_o will_v be_v say_v though_o saint_n peter_n make_v the_o king_n supreme_a yet_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o king_n be_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n or_o a_o creature_n of_o the_o people_n but_o it_o be_v answer_v king_n may_v be_v call_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n for_o be_v make_v of_o one_o of_o the_o people_n and_o not_o by_o the_o people_n and_o so_o be_v humane_a in_o regard_n of_o their_o material_a cause_n not_o of_o their_o efficient_a if_o saint_n peter_n have_v mean_v that_o king_n have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o people_n he_o must_v also_o have_v mean_v that_o governor_n have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o people_n for_o he_o call_v the_o governor_n as_o well_o a_o ordinance_n of_o man_n as_o the_o king_n for_o his_o word_n be_v submit_v yourselves_o to_o every_o ordinance_n of_o man_n for_o the_o lord_n sake_n whether_o it_o be_v to_o the_o king_n as_o supreme_a or_o whether_o it_o be_v to_o governor_n but_o saint_n peter_n show_v that_o governor_n be_v not_o make_v by_o the_o people_n for_o he_o say_v they_o that_o be_v send_v by_o he_o not_o by_o they_o for_o the_o punishment_n of_o evil_a doer_n so_o that_o the_o governor_n be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n and_o not_o by_o the_o people_n some_o will_v have_v send_v by_o he_o to_o be_v send_v by_o god_n but_o the_o relative_n must_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o next_o antecedent_n which_o be_v the_o king_n and_o not_o god_n beside_o if_o governor_n be_v send_v by_o god_n and_o king_n by_o the_o people_n than_o governor_n will_v be_v supreme_a which_o be_v contrary_a to_o saint_n peter_n doctrine_n and_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o people_n have_v not_o the_o power_n of_o choose_v representer_n to_o govern_v if_o governor_n must_v be_v send_v of_o god_n the_o safe_a sense_n of_o saint_n peter_n word_n be_v submit_v yourselves_o to_o all_o humane_a law_n whether_o make_v by_o the_o king_n or_o by_o his_o subordinate_a governor_n so_o the_o king_n may_v be_v call_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n as_o be_v all_o one_o with_o a_o speak_a law_n the_o word_n in_o the_o original_a be_v be_v subject_n to_o every_o humane_a creation_n it_o be_v more_o proper_a to_o call_v a_o law_n make_v by_o a_o king_n a_o creation_n of_o a_o ordinance_n than_o the_o people_n choose_v or_o declare_v of_o a_o king_n a_o creation_n of_o he_o but_o take_v the_o word_n in_o what_o sense_n soever_o you_o will_v it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o saint_n peter_n in_o this_o place_n take_v no_o notice_n of_o any_o government_n or_o governor_n but_o of_o a_o king_n and_o governor_n send_v by_o he_o but_o not_o by_o the_o people_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n the_o two_o chief_a of_o the_o apostle_n write_v their_o epistle_n at_o such_o a_o time_n when_o the_o name_n of_o a_o popular_a government_n or_o of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n be_v at_o least_o so_o much_o in_o show_n and_o in_o name_n that_o many_o do_v believe_v that_o notwithstanding_o the_o emperor_n by_o strong_a hand_n usurp_v a_o military_a power_n yet_o the_o government_n be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n in_o most_o thing_n then_o in_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n but_o for_o all_o this_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o apostle_n take_v any_o notice_n of_o any_o such_o popular_a government_n no_o nor_o our_o saviour_n himself_o who_o divide_v all_o between_o god_n and_o caesar_n and_o allow_v nothing_o that_o we_o can_v find_v for_o the_o people_n observation_n upon_o aristotle_n politic_n touch_v form_n of_o government_n what_o can_v be_v find_v in_o scripture_n many_o do_v look_v for_o in_o aristotle_n for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o other_o form_n of_o government_n beside_o monarchy_n he_o be_v the_o man_n best_o able_a to_o tell_v what_o it_o be_v and_o to_o let_v we_o know_v by_o what_o name_n to_o call_v it_o since_o the_o greek_a tongue_n be_v most_o happy_a in_o compound_v name_n most_o significant_a to_o express_v the_o nature_n of_o most_o thing_n the_o usual_a term_n in_o this_o age_n of_o aristocraty_n and_o democraty_n be_v take_v up_o from_o he_o to_o express_v form_n of_o government_n most_o different_a from_o monarchy_n we_o must_v therefore_o make_v inquiry_n into_o aristotle_n touch_v these_o two_o term_n true_a it_o be_v aristotle_n seem_v to_o make_v three_o sort_n of_o government_n which_o he_o distinguish_v by_o 7._o the_o sovereignty_n of_o one_o man_n or_o of_o a_o few_o or_o of_o many_o for_o the_o common_a good_n 〈◊〉_d these_o he_o say_v be_v right_a or_o perfect_a government_n but_o those_o that_o be_v for_o the_o private_a good_a of_o one_o or_o of_o a_o few_o or_o of_o a_o multitude_n be_v transgression_n the_o government_n of_o a_o monarchy_n for_o the_o common_a good_a he_o call_v a_o kingdom_n the_o government_n of_o a_o few_o more_o than_o one_o a_o aristocraty_n either_o because_o the_o best_a man_n govern_v or_o because_o it_o be_v for_o the_o best_a of_o the_o govern_v when_o a_o multitude_n govern_v for_o the_o common_a good_a it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o common_a name_n of_o all_o government_n a_o polity_n it_o be_v possible_a that_o one_o or_o a_o few_o may_v excel_v in_o virtue_n but_o it_o be_v difficult_a for_o many_o to_o excel_v in_o all_o virtue_n except_o in_o warlike_a affair_n for_o this_o be_v natural_a in_o a_o multitude_n therefore_o in_o this_o sort_n of_o government_n their_o principal_a use_n be_v to_o war_v one_o for_o another_o and_o to_o possess_v the_o arm_n or_o ammunition_n the_o transgression_n of_o government_n before_o speak_v of_o be_v these_o tyranny_n be_v the_o transgression_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o democraty_n be_v the_o transgression_n of_o the_o polity_n for_o tyranny_n be_v a_o monarchy_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o monarch_n the_o oligarchy_n for_o the_o
religion_n we_o find_v present_o after_o the_o building_n of_o the_o city_n by_o romulus_n the_o next_o king_n numa_n most_o devout_o establish_v a_o religion_n and_o begin_v his_o kingdom_n with_o the_o service_n of_o the_o god_n he_o forbid_v the_o roman_n to_o make_v any_o image_n of_o god_n which_o law_n last_v and_o be_v observe_v 170_o year_n there_o be_v in_o all_o that_o time_n no_o image_n or_o picture_n of_o god_n in_o any_o temple_n or_o chapel_n of_o rome_n also_o he_o erect_v the_o pontifical_a college_n and_o be_v himself_o the_o first_o bishop_n or_o pontifex_n these_o bishop_n be_v to_o render_v no_o account_n either_o to_o the_o senate_n or_o commonalty_n they_o determine_v all_o question_n concern_v religion_n as_o well_o between_o priest_n as_o between_o private_a man_n they_o punish_v inferior_a priest_n if_o they_o either_o add_v or_o detract_v from_o the_o establish_a rite_n or_o ceremony_n or_o bring_v in_o any_o new_a thing_n into_o religion_n the_o chief_a bishop_n pontifex_n maximus_n teach_v every_o man_n how_o to_o honour_v and_o serve_v the_o go_n this_o care_n have_v monarchy_n of_o religion_n but_o after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o king_n we_o do_v not_o find_v during_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n any_o one_o law_n make_v for_o the_o benefit_n or_o exercise_n of_o religion_n there_o be_v two_o tribunitian_a law_n concern_v religion_n but_o they_o be_v mere_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n and_o not_o of_o religion_n l._n papirius_n a_o tribune_n make_v a_o law_n call_v lex_n papiria_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o belawful_a for_o any_o to_o consecrate_v either_o house_n ground_n altar_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n without_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o people_n domitius_n aenobarbus_n another_o tribune_n enact_v a_o law_n call_v domitia_n lex_n that_o the_o pontifical_a college_n shall_v not_o as_o they_o be_v wont_a admit_v who_o they_o will_v into_o the_o order_n of_o priesthood_n but_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n and_o because_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o their_o religion_n that_o church-dignity_n shall_v be_v bestow_v by_o the_o common_a people_n hence_o for_o very_a shame_n he_o ordain_v that_o the_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o people_n namely_o seventeen_o tribe_n shall_v elect_v who_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o afterward_o the_o party_n elect_v shall_v have_v his_o confirmation_n or_o admission_n from_o the_o college_n thus_o by_o a_o committee_n of_o seven_o tribe_n take_v out_o of_o thirtyfive_v the_o ancient_a form_n of_o religion_n be_v alter_v and_o reduce_v to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o people_n this_o be_v the_o great_a care_n of_o the_o people_n to_o bring_v ordination_n and_o consecration_n to_o the_o laity_n the_o religion_n in_o venice_n and_o the_o low-countries_n be_v sufficient_o know_v much_o need_v not_o be_v say_v of_o they_o they_o admirable_o agree_v under_o a_o seem_a contrariety_n it_o be_v common_o say_v that_o one_o of_o they_o have_v all_o religion_n and_o the_o other_o no_o religion_n the_o atheist_n of_o venice_n may_v shake_v hand_n with_o the_o sectary_n of_o amsterdam_n this_o be_v the_o liberty_n that_o a_o popular_a estate_n can_v brag_v of_o every_o man_n may_v be_v of_o any_o religion_n or_o no_o religion_n if_o he_o please_v their_o main_a devotion_n be_v exercise_v only_o in_o oppose_v and_o suppress_v monarchy_n they_o both_o agree_v to_o exclude_v the_o clergy_n from_o meddle_v in_o government_n whereas_o in_o all_o monarchy_n both_o before_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n and_o under_o it_o and_o ever_o since_o all_o barbarian_n grecian_n roman_n infidel_n turk_n and_o indian_n have_v with_o one_o consent_n give_v such_o respect_n and_o reverence_n to_o their_o priest_n as_o to_o trust_v they_o with_o their_o law_n and_o in_o this_o our_o nation_n the_o first_o priest_n we_o read_v of_o before_o christianity_n be_v the_o druid_n who_o as_o caesar_n say_v decide_v and_o determine_v controversy_n in_o murder_n in_o case_n of_o inheritance_n of_o bound_n of_o land_n as_o they_o in_o their_o discretion_n judge_v meet_v they_o grant_v reward_n and_o punishment_n it_o be_v a_o wonder_n to_o see_v what_o high_a respect_n even_o the_o great_a turk_n give_v to_o his_o mufti_n or_o chief_a bishop_n so_o necessary_a be_v religion_n to_o strengthen_v and_o direct_v law_n to_o consider_v of_o the_o point_n of_o peace_n it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o no_o people_n ever_o enjoy_v it_o without_o monarchy_n aristotle_n say_v the_o lacedaemonian_n preserve_v themselves_o by_o warring_n and_o after_o they_o have_v get_v to_o themselves_o the_o empire_n than_o be_v they_o present_o undo_v for_o that_o they_o can_v not_o live_v at_o rest_n nor_o do_v any_o better_a exercise_n than_o the_o exercise_n of_o war_n lib._n 2._o c._n 7._o after_o rome_n have_v expel_v king_n it_o be_v in_o perpetual_a war_n till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n once_o only_o be_v the_o temple_n of_o janus_n shut_v after_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n but_o not_o so_o long_o as_o for_o one_o year_n but_o for_o some_o month_n it_o be_v true_a as_o orosius_n say_v that_o for_o almost_o 700_o year_n that_o be_v from_o tullus_z hostilius_n to_o augustus_n caesar_n only_o for_o one_o summer_n the_o bowel_n of_o rome_n do_v not_o sweat_v blood_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o roman_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o though_o the_o bowel_n of_o rome_n do_v always_o sweat_v blood_n yet_o they_o do_v obtain_v most_o glorious_a victory_n abroad_o but_o it_o may_v be_v true_o answer_v if_o all_o the_o roman_a conquest_n have_v no_o other_o foundation_n but_o injustice_n this_o alone_a foil_n all_o the_o glory_n of_o her_o warlike_a action_n the_o most_o glorious_a war_n that_o ever_o rome_n have_v be_v with_o carthage_n the_o beginning_n of_o which_o war_n sir_n walter_n raleigh_n prove_v to_o have_v be_v most_o unjust_o undertake_v by_o the_o roman_n in_o confederate_v with_o the_o mamertine_n and_o aid_v of_o rebel_n under_o the_o title_n of_o protect_v their_o confederate_n whereas_o king_n many_o time_n may_v have_v just_a cause_n of_o war_n for_o recover_v and_o preserve_v their_o right_n to_o such_o dominion_n as_o fall_v to_o they_o by_o inheritance_n or_o marriage_n a_o popular_a estate_n that_o can_v neither_o marry_v nor_o be_v heir_n to_o another_o can_v have_v no_o such_o title_n to_o a_o war_n in_o a_o foreign_a kingdom_n and_o to_o speak_v the_o truth_n if_o it_o be_v right_o consider_v the_o whole_a time_n of_o the_o popularity_n of_o rome_n the_o roman_n be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o only_a prosperous_a and_o glorious_a thief_n and_o robber_n of_o the_o world_n if_o we_o look_v more_o narrow_o into_o the_o roman_a government_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o in_o that_o very_a age_n wherein_o rome_n be_v most_o victorious_a and_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o popular_a she_o owe_v most_o of_o her_o glory_n to_o a_o apparent_a 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the_o people_n either_o to_o use_v what_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v or_o of_o change_v it_o into_o another_o god_n say_v this_o express_o of_o the_o hebrew_n and_o deny_v it_o not_o of_o other_o can_v any_o man_n find_v that_o god_n in_o this_o text_n express_o say_v that_o there_o be_v always_o a_o right_n in_o the_o people_n to_o use_v what_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v the_o text_n not_o warrant_v this_o right_n of_o the_o people_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o people_n be_v quite_o take_v away_o there_o be_v no_o other_o grant_n or_o proof_n of_o it_o pretend_v 2._o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o israelite_n desire_v a_o king_n though_o then_o under_o another_o form_n of_o government_n in_o the_o next_o line_n but_o one_o it_o be_v confess_v they_o have_v a_o king_n at_o the_o time_n when_o they_o desire_v a_o king_n which_o be_v god_n himself_o and_o his_o viceroy_n samuel_n and_o so_o say_v god_n they_o have_v not_o reject_v 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legem_fw-la if_o it_o have_v say_v contra_fw-la legem_fw-la dei_fw-la it_o have_v be_v true_a but_o if_o it_o mean_v extra_fw-la legem_fw-la humanam_fw-la it_o be_v false_a 4._o if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o right_n give_v to_o the_o people_n it_o seem_v it_o be_v to_o the_o elder_n only_o for_o it_o be_v say_v it_o be_v the_o elder_n of_o israel_n gather_v together_o petition_v for_o a_o king_n it_o be_v not_o say_v it_o be_v all_o the_o people_n nor_o that_o the_o people_n do_v choose_v the_o elder_n who_o be_v the_o father_n and_o head_n of_o family_n authorize_v by_o the_o judge_n 5._o where_o it_o be_v say_v i_o will_v set_v a_o king_n over_o i_o like_a as_o all_o the_o nation_n about_o i_o to_o set_v a_o king_n be_v not_o to_o choose_v a_o king_n but_o by_o some_o solemn_a public_a act_n of_o coronation_n or_o otherwise_o to_o acknowledge_v their_o allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n choose_v it_o be_v say_v thou_o shall_v set_v he_o king_n who_o the_o lord_n thy_o god_n shall_v choose_v the_o elder_n do_v not_o desire_v to_o choose_v a_o king_n like_o other_o nation_n but_o they_o say_v now_o make_v we_o a_o king_n to_o judge_v we_o like_o all_o the_o nation_n iii_o as_o for_o david_n covenant_n with_o the_o elder_n when_o he_o be_v anoint_v it_o be_v not_o to_o observe_v any_o law_n or_o condition_n make_v by_o the_o people_n for_o aught_o appear_v but_o to_o keep_v god_n law_n and_o serve_v he_o and_o to_o seek_v the_o good_a of_o the_o people_n as_o they_o be_v to_o protect_v he_o 6._o the_o reubenites_n and_o gadites_n promise_v their_o obedience_n not_o according_a to_o their_o law_n or_o condition_n agree_v upon_o but_o in_o these_o word_n all_o that_o thou_o command_v we_o we_o will_v do_v and_o whithersoever_o thou_o send_v we_o we_o will_v go_v as_o we_o hearken_v to_o moses_n in_o all_o thing_n so_o will_v we_o harken_v unto_o thou_o only_o the_o lord_n thy_o god_n be_v with_o thou_o as_o he_o be_v with_o moses_n where_o be_v there_o any_o condition_n of_o any_o humane_a law_n express_v though_o the_o rebellious_a tribe_n offer_v condition_n to_o rehoboam_n where_o can_v we_o find_v that_o for_o like_a condition_n not_o perform_v all_o israel_n depose_v samuel_n i_o wonder_v mr._n milton_n shall_v say_v this_o when_o within_o a_o few_o line_n after_o he_o profess_v that_o samuel_n have_v govern_v they_o upright_o iv._o jus_fw-la regni_fw-la be_v much_o stumble_v at_o and_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o king_n which_o say_v his_o power_n be_v supreme_a in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o he_o be_v accountable_a to_o none_o but_o to_o god_n and_o that_o he_o may_v do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o be_v not_o bind_v by_o law_n it_o be_v say_v if_o this_o definition_n be_v good_a no_o man_n be_v or_o ever_o be_v who_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o tyrant_n p._n 14._o for_o when_o he_o have_v violate_v all_o divine_a and_o humane_a law_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v a_o king_n and_o guiltless_a jure_fw-la regio_fw-la to_o this_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o definition_n confess_v he_o be_v accountable_a to_o god_n and_o therefore_o not_o guiltless_a if_o he_o violate_v divine_a law_n humane_a law_n must_v not_o be_v shuffle_v in_o with_o divine_a they_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o authority_n if_o humane_a law_n bind_v a_o king_n it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o have_v supreme_a power_n among_o man_n if_o any_o man_n can_v find_v we_o out_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o government_n wherein_o the_o supreme_a power_n can_v be_v without_o be_v free_v from_o humane_a law_n they_o shall_v first_o teach_v we_o that_o but_o if_o all_o sort_n of_o popular_a government_n that_o can_v be_v invent_v can_v be_v one_o minute_n without_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n free_v from_o all_o humane_a law_n what_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v why_o a_o royal_a government_n shall_v not_o have_v the_o like_a freedom_n if_o it_o be_v tyranny_n for_o one_o man_n to_o govern_v arbitrary_o why_o shall_v it_o not_o be_v far_o great_a tyranny_n for_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n to_o govern_v without_o be_v accountable_a or_o bind_v by_o law_n it_o will_v be_v further_o inquire_v how_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o any_o government_n at_o all_o to_o be_v in_o the_o world_n without_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n it_o be_v not_o power_n except_o it_o be_v arbitrary_a a_o legislative_a power_n can_v be_v without_o be_v absolve_v from_o humane_a law_n it_o can_v be_v show_v how_o a_o king_n can_v have_v any_o power_n at_o all_o but_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n we_o be_v teach_v that_o power_n be_v therefore_o give_v to_o a_o king_n by_o the_o people_n that_o he_o may_v see_v by_o the_o authority_n to_o he_o commit_v that_o nothing_o be_v do_v against_o law_n and_o that_o he_o keep_v our_o law_n and_o not_o impose_v upon_o we_o his_o own_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o royal_a power_n but_o in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o by_o they_o p._n 155._o and_o again_o it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n can_v imprison_v fine_a or_o punish_v any_o man_n except_o he_o be_v first_o cite_v into_o some_o court_n where_o not_o the_o king_n but_o the_o usual_a judge_n give_v sentence_n pag._n 168._o and_o before_o we_o be_v tell_v not_o the_o king_n but_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n do_v set_v up_o and_o take_v away_o all_o court_n pag._n 167._o lo_o here_o we_o have_v mr._n milton_n perfect_a definition_n of_o a_o king_n he_o be_v one_o to_o who_o the_o people_n give_v power_n to_o see_v that_o nothing_o be_v do_v against_o law_n and_o that_o he_o keep_v our_o law_n and_o not_o impose_v his_o own_o whereas_o all_o other_o man_n have_v the_o faculty_n of_o see_v by_o nature_n the_o king_n only_o have_v it_o by_o the_o gift_n of_o the_o people_n other_o power_n he_o have_v none_o he_o may_v see_v the_o judge_n keep_v the_o law_n if_o they_o will_v he_o can_v compel_v they_o for_o he_o may_v not_o imprison_v fine_a nor_o punish_v any_o man_n the_o court_n of_o justice_n may_v and_o they_o be_v set_v up_o and_o put_v down_o by_o the_o parliament_n yet_o in_o this_o very_a definition_n of_o a_o king_n we_o may_v spy_v a_o arbitrary_a power_n in_o the_o king_n for_o he_o may_v wink_v if_o he_o will_v and_o no_o other_o power_n do_v this_o description_n of_o a_o king_n give_v but_o only_o a_o power_n to_o see_v whereas_o it_o be_v say_v aristotle_n do_v mention_v a_o absolute_a kingdom_n for_o no_o other_o cause_n but_o to_o show_v how_o absurd_a unjust_a and_o most_o tyrannical_a it_o be_v there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n say_v by_o aristotle_n but_o the_o contrary_a where_o he_o say_v that_o a_o king_n according_a to_o law_n make_v no_o sort_n of_o government_n and_o after_o
common_a good_n another_o doctrine_n of_o grotius_n be_v that_o the_o empire_n which_o be_v exercise_v by_o king_n do_v not_o cease_v to_o be_v the_o empire_n of_o the_o people_n that_o king_n who_o in_o a_o lawful_a order_n succeed_v those_o who_o be_v elect_v have_v the_o supreme_a power_n by_o a_o usufructuary_n right_o only_o and_o no_o propriety_n furthermore_o he_o teach_v that_o the_o people_n may_v choose_v what_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v and_o their_o will_n be_v the_o rule_n of_o right_n populus_fw-la eligere_fw-la potest_fw-la qualem_fw-la vult_fw-la gubernationis_fw-la formam_fw-la neque_fw-la ex_fw-la praestantia_fw-la formae_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la voluntate_fw-la jus_o metiendum_fw-la est_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 3._o also_o that_o the_o people_n choose_v a_o king_n may_v reserve_v some_o act_n to_o themselves_o and_o may_v bestow_v other_o upon_o the_o king_n with_o full_a authority_n if_o either_o a_o express_a partition_n be_v appoint_v or_o if_o the_o people_n be_v yet_o free_a do_v command_v their_o future_a king_n by_o way_n of_o a_o stand_a command_n or_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v add_v by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v understand_v that_o the_o king_n may_v be_v compel_v or_o else_o punish_v in_o these_o passage_n of_o grotius_n which_o i_o have_v cite_v we_o find_v evident_o these_o doctrine_n 1._o that_o civil_a power_n depend_v on_o the_o will_n of_o the_o people_n 2._o that_o private_a man_n or_o petty_a multitude_n may_v take_v up_o arm_n against_o their_o prince_n 3._o that_o the_o lawfull_a king_n have_v no_o propriety_n in_o their_o kingdom_n but_o a_o usufructuary_n right_o only_o as_o if_o the_o people_n be_v the_o lord_n and_o king_n but_o their_o tenant_n 4._o that_o the_o law_n of_o not_o resist_v superior_n be_v a_o humane_a law_n depend_v on_o the_o will_n of_o the_o people_n at_o first_o 5._o that_o the_o will_n of_o the_o first_o people_n if_o it_o be_v not_o know_v may_v be_v expound_v by_o the_o people_n that_o now_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o grotius_n foresee_v what_o use_v the_o people_n may_v make_v of_o these_o doctrine_n by_o conclude_v if_o the_o chief_a power_n be_v in_o the_o people_n that_o then_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o they_o to_o compel_v and_o punish_v king_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o misuse_v their_o power_n therefore_o he_o tell_v we_o he_o reject_v the_o opinion_n of_o they_o who_o every_o where_o and_o without_o exception_n will_v have_v the_o chief_a power_n to_o be_v so_o the_o people_n that_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o they_o to_o compel_v and_o punish_v king_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o misuse_v their_o power_n and_o this_o opinion_n he_o confess_v if_o it_o be_v altogether_o receive_v have_v be_v and_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o many_o evil_n this_o cautelous_a rejection_n qualify_v with_o these_o term_n of_o every_o where_o without_o exception_n and_o altogether_o make_v but_o a_o mix_a negation_n partly_o negative_a and_o partly_o affirmative_a which_o our_o lawyer_n call_v a_o negative_a repugnant_a which_o bring_v forth_o this_o modal_a proposition_n that_o in_o some_o place_n with_o exception_n and_o in_o some_o sort_n the_o people_n may_v compel_v and_o punish_v their_o king_n but_o let_v we_o see_v how_o grotius_n do_v refute_v the_o general_a opinion_n that_o people_n may_v correct_v king_n he_o frame_v his_o argument_n in_o these_o word_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o every_o man_n to_o yield_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o private_a servant_n to_o who_o he_o please_v what_o shall_v hinder_v but_o that_o also_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o a_o free_a people_n so_o to_o yield_v themselves_o to_o one_o or_o more_o that_o the_o right_n of_o govern_v they_o be_v full_o set_v over_o without_o retain_v any_o part_n of_o the_o right_a and_o you_o must_v not_o say_v that_o this_o may_v not_o be_v presume_v for_o we_o do_v not_o now_o seek_v what_o in_o a_o doubtful_a case_n may_v be_v presume_v but_o what_o by_o right_o may_v be_v do_v thus_o far_o be_v the_o argument_n in_o which_o the_o most_o that_o be_v prove_v if_o we_o gratify_v he_o and_o yield_v his_o whole_a argument_n for_o good_a be_v this_o that_o the_o people_n may_v grant_v away_o their_o power_n without_o retain_v any_o part_n but_o what_o be_v this_o to_o what_o the_o people_n have_v do_v for_o though_o the_o people_n may_v give_v away_o their_o power_n without_o reservation_n of_o any_o part_n to_o themselves_o yet_o if_o they_o have_v not_o so_o do_v but_o have_v reserve_v a_o part_n grotius_n must_v confess_v that_o the_o people_n may_v compel_v and_o punish_v their_o king_n if_o they_o transgress_v so_o that_o by_o his_o favour_n the_o point_n will_v be_v not_o what_o by_o right_o may_v be_v do_v but_o what_o in_o this_o doubtful_a case_n have_v be_v do_v since_o by_o his_o own_o rule_n it_o be_v the_o will_n and_o mean_v of_o the_o first_o people_n that_o join_v in_o society_n that_o must_v regulate_v the_o power_n of_o their_o successor_n but_o on_o grotius_n side_n it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o in_o all_o presumption_n the_o people_n have_v give_v away_o their_o whole_a power_n to_o king_n unless_o they_o can_v prove_v they_o have_v reserve_v a_o part_n for_o if_o they_o will_v have_v any_o benefit_n of_o a_o reservation_n or_o exception_n it_o lie_v on_o their_o part_n to_o prove_v their_o exception_n and_o not_o on_o the_o king_n part_n who_o be_v in_o possession_n this_o answer_n though_o in_o itself_o it_o be_v most_o just_a and_o good_a yet_o of_o all_o man_n grotius_n may_v not_o use_v it_o for_o he_o save_v the_o people_n labour_n of_o prove_v the_o primitive_a reservation_n of_o their_o forefather_n by_o make_v the_o people_n that_o now_o be_v competent_a expositor_n of_o the_o meaning_n of_o those_o first_o ancestor_n who_o may_v just_o be_v presume_v not_o to_o have_v be_v either_o so_o improvident_a for_o themselves_o or_o so_o negligent_a of_o all_o their_o posterity_n when_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n they_o be_v free_a and_o have_v all_o thing_n common_a at_o a_o instant_n without_o any_o condition_n or_o limitation_n to_o give_v away_o that_o liberty_n and_o right_n of_o community_n and_o to_o make_v themselves_o and_o their_o child_n eternal_o subject_a to_o the_o will_n of_o such_o governor_n as_o may_v misuse_v they_o without_o control_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o people_n it_o may_v be_v further_o answer_v to_o grotius_n that_o although_o our_o ancestor_n have_v make_v a_o absolute_a grant_n of_o their_o liberty_n without_o any_o condition_n express_v yet_o it_o must_v be_v necessary_o imply_v that_o it_o be_v upon_o condition_n to_o be_v well_o govern_v and_o that_o the_o non-performance_n of_o that_o imply_v condition_n make_v the_o grant_n void_a or_o if_o we_o will_v not_o allow_v a_o implicit_a condition_n than_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o the_o grant_v in_o itself_o be_v a_o void_a grant_n for_o be_v unreasonable_a and_o a_o violation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n without_o any_o valuable_a consideration_n what_o sound_a reply_n grotius_n can_v return_v to_o such_o answer_n i_o can_v conceive_v if_o he_o keep_v himself_o to_o his_o first_o principle_n of_o natural_a community_n as_o grotius_n argument_n against_o the_o people_n be_v not_o sound_a so_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o argument_n that_o be_v make_v for_o the_o people_n be_v not_o satisfactory_a it_o be_v object_v that_o he_o that_o ordain_v be_v above_o he_o that_o be_v ordain_v grotius_n answer_v verum_fw-la duntaxat_fw-la est_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la constitutione_n cujus_fw-la effectus_fw-la perpetuò_fw-la pendet_fw-la à _fw-la voluntate_fw-la constituentis_fw-la non_fw-la etiam_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la quae_fw-la ab_fw-la initio_fw-la est_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la postea_fw-la verò_fw-la effectum_fw-la habet_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la quomodo_fw-la mulier_fw-la virum_fw-la sibi_fw-la constituit_fw-la cui_fw-la parere_fw-la semper_fw-la habet_fw-la necesse_fw-la the_o reply_n may_v be_v that_o by_o grotius_n former_a doctrine_n the_o very_a effect_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o king_n by_o the_o people_n depend_v perpetual_o upon_o the_o will_n of_o they_o that_o constitute_v and_o upon_o no_o other_o necessity_n he_o will_v not_o say_v that_o it_o be_v by_o any_o necessity_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o by_o any_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n he_o teach_v that_o non_fw-la dei_fw-la praecepto_fw-la sed_fw-la sponte_fw-la man_n enter_v into_o civil_a society_n that_o it_o be_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n that_o god_n do_v only_o approve_v it_o ut_fw-la humanum_fw-la and_o humano_fw-la modo_fw-la he_o tell_v we_o further_o that_o populus_fw-la potest_fw-la eligere_fw-la qualem_fw-la vult_fw-la gubernationis_fw-la formam_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la voluntate_fw-la jus_o metiendum_fw-la est_fw-la that_o the_o people_n may_v give_v the_o king_n as_o little_a power_n as_o they_o will_v and_o for_o as_o little_a time_n as_o they_o please_v that_o they_o may_v make_v temporary_a king_n as_o director_n and_o protector_n jus_o
shall_v bound_v and_o limit_v monarchy_n do_v in_o effect_n acknowledge_v there_o be_v no_o such_o court_n at_o all_o for_o every_o court_n consist_v of_o jurisdiction_n &_o privilege_n it_o be_v these_o two_o that_o create_v a_o court_n and_o be_v the_o essential_o of_o it_o if_o the_o admirable_o compose_a court_n of_o parliament_n have_v some_o defect_n which_o may_v receive_v amendment_n as_o he_o say_v and_o if_o those_o defect_n be_v such_o as_o cause_v division_n both_o between_o the_o house_n and_o between_o the_o king_n and_o both_o house_n and_o these_o division_n be_v about_o so_o main_a a_o matter_n as_o jurisdiction_n and_o privilege_n and_o power_n to_o create_v new_a privilege_n all_o which_o be_v the_o fundamental_o of_o every_o court_n for_o until_o they_o be_v agree_v upon_o the_o act_n of_o every_o court_n may_v not_o only_o be_v uncertain_a but_o invalid_a and_o cause_n of_o tumult_n and_o sedition_n and_o if_o all_o these_o doubt_n and_o division_n have_v need_v to_o be_v solemn_o solve_v as_o our_o observator_fw-la confess_v then_o he_o have_v no_o reason_n at_o all_o to_o say_v that_o now_o the_o condition_n of_o supreme_a lord_n be_v wise_o determine_v and_o quiet_o conserve_v or_o that_o now_o most_o country_n have_v find_v out_o a_o art_n and_o peaceable_a order_n for_o public_a affair_n whereby_o the_o people_n may_v resume_v its_o own_o power_n to_o do_v itself_o right_a without_o injury_n unto_o prince_n for_o how_o can_v the_o underive_v majesty_n of_o the_o people_n by_o assume_v its_o own_o power_n tell_v how_o to_o do_v herself_o right_n or_o how_o to_o avoid_v do_v injury_n to_o the_o prince_n if_o her_o jurisdiction_n be_v uncertain_a and_o privilege_n undetermined_a he_o tell_v we_o now_o most_o country_n have_v find_v a_o art_n and_o peaceable_a order_n for_o public_a assembly_n and_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o prince_n may_v not_o be_v now_o beyond_o all_o limit_n and_o law_n the_o whole_a community_n in_o its_o underive_v majesty_n shall_v convene_v to_o do_v justice_n but_o he_o do_v not_o name_n so_o much_o as_o one_o country_n or_o kingdom_n that_o have_v find_v out_o this_o art_n where_o the_o whole_a community_n in_o its_o underive_v majesty_n do_v ever_o convene_v to_o do_v justice_n i_o challenge_v he_o or_o any_o other_o for_o he_o to_o name_v but_o one_o kingdom_n that_o have_v either_o now_o or_o heretofore_o find_v out_o this_o art_n or_o peaceable_a order_n we_o do_v hear_v a_o great_a rumour_n in_o this_o age_n of_o moderate_v and_o limit_v king_n poland_n sweden_n and_o denmark_n be_v talk_v of_o for_o such_o and_o in_o these_o kingdom_n or_o no_o where_o be_v such_o a_o moderate_v government_n as_o our_o observator_fw-la mean_n to_o be_v find_v a_o little_a enquiry_n will_v be_v make_v into_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o government_n of_o these_o kingdom_n for_o these_o northern_a people_n as_o bodin_n observe_v breath_n after_o liberty_n first_o for_o poland_n boterus_n say_v that_o the_o government_n of_o it_o be_v elective_a altogether_o and_o represent_v rather_o a_o aristocracy_n than_o a_o kingdom_n the_o nobility_n who_o have_v great_a authority_n in_o the_o diet_n choose_v the_o king_n and_o limit_v his_o authority_n make_v his_o sovereignty_n but_o a_o slavish_a royalty_n these_o diminution_n of_o regality_n begin_v first_o by_o default_n of_o king_n lewis_n and_o jagello_n who_o to_o gain_v the_o succession_n in_o the_o kingdom_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n one_o for_o his_o daughter_n and_o the_o other_o for_o his_o son_n depart_v with_o many_o of_o his_o royalty_n and_o prerogative_n to_o buy_v the_o voice_n of_o the_o nobility_n the_o french_a author_n of_o the_o book_n call_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o world_n do_v inform_v we_o that_o the_o prince_n authority_n be_v more_o free_a not_o be_v subject_n to_o any_o law_n and_o have_v absolute_a power_n not_o only_o of_o their_o estate_n but_o also_o of_o life_n and_o death_n since_o christian_a religion_n be_v receive_v it_o begin_v to_o be_v moderate_v first_o by_o holy_a admonition_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n and_o then_o by_o service_n of_o the_o nobility_n in_o war_n religious_a prince_n give_v many_o honour_n and_o many_o liberty_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o nobility_n and_o quit_v much_o of_o their_o right_n the_o which_o their_o successor_n have_v continue_v the_o superior_a dignity_n be_v reduce_v to_o two_o degree_n that_o be_v the_o palatinate_n and_o the_o chastelleine_a for_o that_o king_n in_o former_a time_n do_v by_o little_a and_o little_o call_v these_o man_n to_o public_a consultation_n notwithstanding_o that_o they_o have_v absolute_a power_n to_o do_v all_o thing_n of_o themselves_o to_o command_v dispose_n recompense_n and_o punish_v of_o their_o own_o motion_n since_o they_o have_v ordain_v that_o these_o dignity_n shall_v make_v the_o body_n of_o a_o senate_n the_o king_n do_v not_o challenge_v much_o right_a and_o power_n over_o his_o nobility_n nor_o over_o their_o estate_n neither_o have_v he_o any_o over_o the_o clergy_n and_o though_o the_o king_n authority_n depend_v on_o the_o nobility_n for_o his_o election_n yet_o in_o many_o thing_n it_o be_v absolute_a after_o he_o be_v choose_v he_o appoint_v the_o diet_n at_o what_o time_n and_o place_n he_o please_v he_o choose_v lay-counceller_n and_o nominate_v the_o bishop_n and_o who_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v his_o privy_a council_n he_o be_v absolute_a disposer_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n he_o be_v absolute_a establisher_n of_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o diet_n it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o advance_v and_o reward_v who_o he_o please_v he_o be_v lord_n immediate_a of_o his_o subject_n but_o not_o of_o his_o nobility_n he_o be_v sovereign_a judge_n of_o his_o nobility_n in_o criminal_a cause_n the_o power_n of_o the_o nobility_n daily_o increase_v for_o that_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o king_n election_n they_o neither_o have_v law_n rule_n nor_o form_n to_o do_v it_o neither_o by_o write_v nor_o tradition_n as_o the_o king_n govern_v his_o subject_n which_o be_v immediate_o he_o with_o absolute_a authority_n so_o the_o nobility_n dispose_v immediate_o of_o their_o vassal_n over_o who_o every_o one_o have_v more_o than_o a_o regal_a power_n so_o as_o they_o entreat_v they_o like_o slave_n there_o be_v certain_a man_n in_o poland_n who_o be_v call_v earthly_a messenger_n or_o nuntio_n they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v agent_n of_o jurisdiction_n or_o circle_n of_o the_o nobility_n these_o have_v a_o certain_a authority_n and_o as_o boterus_n say_v in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o diet_n these_o man_n assemble_v in_o a_o place_n near_o to_o the_o senate-house_n where_o they_o choose_v two_o marshal_n by_o who_o but_o with_o a_o tribune-like_a authority_n they_o signify_v unto_o the_o council_n what_o their_o request_n be_v not_o long_o since_o their_o authority_n and_o reputation_n grow_v so_o mighty_o that_o they_o now_o carry_v themselves_o as_o head_n and_o governor_n rather_o than_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o public_a decree_n of_o the_o state_n one_o of_o the_o council_n refuse_v his_o senator_n place_n to_o become_v one_o of_o these_o officer_n every_o palatine_a the_o king_n require_v it_o call_v together_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o his_o palatinate_n where_o have_v propound_v unto_o they_o the_o matter_n whereon_o they_o be_v to_o treat_v and_o their_o will_n be_v know_v they_o choose_v four_o or_o six_o out_o of_o the_o company_n of_o the_o earthly_a messenger_n these_o deputy_n meet_v and_o make_v one_o body_n which_o they_o call_v the_o order_n of_o knight_n this_o be_v of_o late_a year_n the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o the_o government_n of_o poland_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o the_o observator_fw-la to_o find_v among_o they_o that_o the_o whole_a community_n in_o its_o underive_v majesty_n do_v ever_o convene_v to_o do_v justice_n nor_o any_o election_n or_o representation_n of_o the_o community_n or_o that_o the_o people_n assume_v its_o own_o power_n to_o do_v itself_o right_a the_o earthly_a messenger_n though_o they_o may_v be_v think_v to_o represent_v the_o commons_o and_o of_o late_o take_v much_o upon_o they_o yet_o they_o be_v elect_v and_o choose_v by_o the_o nobility_n as_o their_o agent_n and_o officer_n the_o community_n be_v either_o vassal_n to_o the_o king_n or_o to_o the_o nobility_n and_o enjoy_v as_o little_a freedom_n or_o liberty_n as_o any_o nation_n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v perhaps_o that_o though_o the_o community_n do_v not_o limit_v the_o king_n yet_o the_o nobility_n do_v and_o so_o he_o be_v a_o limit_a monarch_n the_o answer_n be_v that_o in_o truth_n though_o the_o nobility_n at_o the_o choose_n of_o their_o king_n do_v limit_v his_o power_n and_o do_v give_v he_o a_o oath_n yet_o afterward_o they_o have_v always_o a_o desire_n to_o please_v he_o and_o to_o second_v his_o
or_o freehold_n of_o their_o liberty_n three_o i_o must_v not_o detract_v from_o the_o worth_n of_o all_o those_o learned_a man_n who_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n in_o the_o point_n of_o natural_a liberty_n the_o profound_a scholar_n that_o ever_o be_v know_v have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o search_v out_o every_o truth_n that_o be_v discoverable_a neither_o aristotle_n in_o philosophy_n nor_o hooker_n in_o divinity_n they_o be_v but_o man_n yet_o i_o reverence_v their_o judgement_n in_o most_o point_n and_o confess_v myself_o behold_v to_o their_o error_n too_o in_o this_o something_o that_o i_o find_v amiss_o in_o their_o opinion_n guide_v i_o in_o the_o discovery_n of_o that_o truth_n which_o i_o persuade_v myself_o they_o miss_v a_o dwarf_n sometime_o may_v see_v that_o which_o a_o giant_n look_v over_o for_o while_o one_o truth_n be_v curious_o search_v after_o another_o must_v necessary_o be_v neglect_v late_o writer_n have_v take_v up_o too_o much_o upon_o trust_n from_o the_o subtle_a schoolman_n who_o to_o be_v sure_a to_o thrust_v down_o the_o king_n below_o the_o pope_n think_v it_o the_o safe_a course_n to_o advance_v the_o people_n above_o the_o king_n that_o so_o the_o papal_a power_n may_v take_v place_n of_o the_o regal_a thus_o many_o a_o ignorant_a subject_n have_v be_v fool_v into_o this_o faith_n that_o a_o man_n may_v become_v a_o martyr_n for_o his_o country_n by_o be_v a_o traitor_n to_o his_o prince_n whereas_o the_o new-coyned_n distinction_n of_o subject_n into_o royalist_n and_o patriot_n be_v most_o unnatural_a since_o the_o relation_n between_o king_n and_o people_n be_v so_o great_a that_o their_o well-being_n be_v so_o reciprocal_a 2_o to_o make_v evident_a the_o ground_n of_o this_o question_n about_o the_o natural_a liberty_n of_o mankind_n i_o will_v lay_v down_o some_o passage_n of_o cardinal_n bellarmine_n that_o may_v best_o unfold_v the_o state_n of_o this_o controversy_n secular_a or_o civil_a power_n say_v he_o be_v institute_v by_o man_n it_o be_v in_o the_o people_n unless_o they_o bestow_v it_o on_o a_o prince_n this_o power_n be_v immediate_o in_o the_o whole_a multitude_n as_o in_o the_o subject_a of_o it_o for_o this_o power_n be_v in_o the_o divine_a law_n but_o the_o divine_a law_n have_v give_v this_o power_n to_o no_o particular_a man_n if_o the_o positive_a law_n be_v take_v away_o there_o be_v leave_v no_o reason_n why_o among_o a_o multitude_n who_o be_v equal_a one_o rather_o than_o another_o shall_v bear_v rule_n over_o the_o rest_n power_n be_v give_v by_o the_o multitude_n to_o one_o man_n or_o to_o more_o by_o the_o same_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v exercise_v this_o power_n therefore_o it_o be_v bind_v to_o bestow_v it_o upon_o some_o one_o man_n or_o some_o few_o it_o depend_v upon_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o multitude_n to_o ordain_v over_o themselves_o a_o king_n or_o consul_n or_o other_o magistrate_n and_o if_o there_o be_v a_o lawful_a cause_n the_o multitude_n may_v change_v the_o kingdom_n into_o a_o aristocracy_n or_o democracy_n thus_o far_o bellarmine_n in_o which_o passage_n be_v comprise_v the_o strength_n of_o all_o that_o ever_o i_o have_v read_v or_o hear_v produce_v for_o the_o natural_a liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a before_o i_o examine_v or_o refute_v these_o doctrine_n i_o must_v a_o little_a make_v some_o observation_n upon_o his_o word_n first_o he_o say_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n power_n be_v immediate_o in_o the_o people_n hereby_o he_o make_v god_n to_o be_v the_o immediate_a author_n of_o a_o democratical_a estate_n for_o a_o democrasy_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o power_n of_o the_o multitude_n if_o this_o be_v true_a not_o only_o aristocracy_n but_o all_o monarchy_n be_v altogether_o unlawful_a as_o be_v ordain_v as_o he_o think_v by_o man_n whenas_o god_n himself_o have_v choose_v a_o democracy_n second_o he_o hold_v that_o although_o a_o democracy_n be_v the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n yet_o the_o people_n have_v no_o power_n to_o use_v the_o power_n which_o god_n have_v give_v they_o but_o only_a power_n to_o give_v away_o their_o power_n whereby_o it_o follow_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o democratical_a government_n because_o he_o say_v the_o people_n must_v give_v their_o power_n to_o one_o man_n or_o to_o some_o few_o which_o make_v either_o a_o regal_a or_o aristocratical_a estate_n which_o the_o multitude_n be_v tie_v to_o do_v even_o by_o the_o same_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o original_o give_v they_o the_o power_n and_o why_o then_o do_v he_o say_v the_o multitude_n may_v change_v the_o kingdom_n into_o a_o democracy_n three_o he_o conclude_v that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o lawful_a cause_n the_o multitude_n may_v change_v the_o kingdom_n here_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v who_o shall_v judge_n of_o this_o lawful_a cause_n if_o the_o multitude_n for_o i_o see_v no_o body_n else_o can_v than_o this_o be_v a_o pestilent_a and_o dangerous_a conclusion_n 3_o i_o 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soldier_n of_o his_o own_o family_n and_o esau_n meet_v his_o brother_n jacob_n with_o 400_o man_n at_o arms._n for_o matter_n of_o peace_n abraham_n make_v a_o league_n with_o abimilech_n and_o ratify_v the_o article_n with_o a_o oath_n these_o act_n of_o judge_v in_o capital_a crime_n of_o make_v war_n and_o conclude_a peace_n be_v the_o chief_a mark_n of_o sovereignty_n that_o be_v find_v in_o any_o monarch_n 5_o not_o only_o until_o the_o flood_n but_o after_o it_o this_o patriarchal_a power_n do_v continue_v as_o the_o very_a name_n patriarch_n do_v in_o part_n prove_v the_o three_o son_n of_o noah_n have_v the_o whole_a world_n divide_v among_o they_o by_o their_o father_n for_o of_o they_o be_v the_o whole_a world_n overspread_v according_a to_o the_o benediction_n give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o son_n be_v fruitful_a and_o multiply_v and_o replenish_v the_o earth_n
not_o any_o one_o settle_a form_n of_o government_n in_o rome_n for_o after_o they_o have_v once_o lose_v the_o natural_a power_n of_o king_n they_o can_v not_o find_v upon_o what_o form_n of_o government_n to_o rest_n their_o fickleness_n be_v a_o evidence_n that_o they_o find_v thing_n amiss_o in_o every_o change_n at_o the_o first_o they_o choose_v two_o annual_a consul_n instead_o of_o king_n second_o those_o do_v not_o please_v they_o long_o but_o they_o must_v have_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n to_o defend_v their_o liberty_n three_o they_o leave_v tribune_n and_o consul_n and_o choose_v they_o ten_o man_n to_o make_v they_o law_n four_o they_o call_v for_o consul_n and_o tribune_n again_o sometime_o they_o choose_v dictator_n which_o be_v temporary_a king_n and_o sometime_o military_a tribune_n who_o have_v consular_a power_n all_o these_o shift_n cause_v such_o notable_a alteration_n in_o the_o government_n as_o it_o pass_v historian_n to_o find_v out_o any_o perfect_a form_n of_o regiment_n in_o so_o much_o confusion_n one_o while_o the_o senate_n make_v law_n another_o while_n the_o people_n the_o dissension_n which_o be_v daily_o between_o the_o noble_n and_o the_o commons_o breed_v those_o memorable_a sedition_n about_o usury_n about_o marriage_n and_o about_o magistracy_n also_o the_o grecian_a the_o apulian_a and_o the_o drusian_a sedition_n fill_v the_o market-place_n the_o temple_n and_o the_o capitol_n itself_o with_o blood_n of_o the_o citizen_n the_o social_n war_n be_v plain_o civil_a the_o war_n of_o the_o slave_n and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o fencer_n the_o civil_a war_n of_o marius_n and_o sylla_n of_o catiline_n of_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n the_o triumvirate_n of_o augustus_n lepidus_n and_o antonius_n all_o these_o shed_v a_o ocean_n of_o blood_n within_o italy_n and_o the_o street_n of_o rome_n three_o for_o their_o government_n let_v it_o be_v allow_v that_o for_o some_o part_n of_o this_o time_n it_o be_v popular_a yet_o it_o be_v 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from_o their_o vanquish_a enemy_n what_o though_o in_o that_o age_n of_o her_o popularity_n she_o breed_v many_o admire_a captain_n and_o commander_n each_o of_o which_o be_v able_a to_o lead_v a_o army_n though_o many_o of_o they_o be_v but_o ill_o requite_v by_o the_o people_n yet_o all_o of_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o support_v she_o in_o time_n of_o danger_n but_o she_o be_v force_v in_o her_o great_a trouble_n to_o create_v a_o dictator_n who_o be_v a_o king_n for_o a_o time_n thereby_o give_v this_o honourable_a testimony_n of_o monarchy_n that_o the_o last_o refuge_n in_o peril_n of_o state_n be_v to_o fly_v to_o regal_a authority_n and_o though_o rome_n popular_a estate_n for_o a_o while_o be_v miraculous_o uphold_v in_o glory_n by_o a_o great_a prudence_n than_o her_o own_o yet_o in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o manifold_a alteration_n she_o be_v ruin_v by_o she_o own_o hand_n suis_fw-la &_o ipsa_fw-la roma_fw-la viribus_fw-la rvit_fw-la for_o the_o arm_n she_o have_v prepare_v to_o conquer_v other_o nation_n be_v turn_v upon_o herself_o and_o civil_a contention_n at_o last_o settle_v the_o government_n again_o into_o a_o monarchy_n 13._o the_o vulgar_a opinion_n be_v that_o the_o first_o cause_n why_o the_o democratical_a government_n be_v bring_v in_o be_v to_o curb_v the_o tyranny_n of_o monarchy_n but_o the_o falsehood_n of_o this_o do_v best_a appear_v by_o the_o first_o flourish_a popular_a estate_n of_o athens_n which_o be_v found_v not_o because_o of_o the_o vice_n of_o their_o last_o king_n but_o that_o his_o virtuous_a desert_n be_v such_o as_o the_o people_n think_v no_o man_n worthy_a enough_o to_o succeed_v he_o a_o pretty_a wanton_a quarrel_n to_o monarchy_n for_o when_o their_o king_n codrus_n understand_v by_o the_o oracle_n that_o his_o country_n can_v not_o be_v save_v unless_o the_o king_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o battle_n he_o in_o disguise_n enter_v his_o enemy_n camp_n and_o provoke_v a_o common_a soldier_n to_o make_v he_o a_o sacrifice_n for_o his_o own_o kingdom_n and_o with_o his_o death_n end_v the_o royal_a government_n for_o after_o he_o be_v never_o any_o more_o king_n of_o athens_n as_o athens_n thus_o for_o love_n of_o she_o codrus_n change_v the_o government_n so_o rome_n on_o the_o contrary_a out_o of_o hatred_n to_o her_o tarquin_n do_v the_o like_a and_o though_o these_o two_o famous_a commonweal_n do_v for_o contrary_a cause_n abolish_v monarchy_n yet_o they_o both_o agree_v in_o this_o that_o neither_o of_o they_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o change_v their_o state_n into_o a_o democracy_n but_o the_o one_o choose_v archontes_n and_o the_o other_o consul_n to_o be_v their_o governor_n both_o which_o do_v most_o resemble_v king_n and_o continue_v until_o the_o people_n by_o lessen_v the_o authority_n of_o these_o their_o magistrate_n do_v by_o degree_n and_o stealth_n bring_v in_o their_o popular_a government_n and_o i_o very_o believe_v never_o any_o democratical_a state_n show_v itself_o at_o first_o fair_o to_o the_o world_n by_o any_o elective_a entrance_n but_o they_o all_o secret_o creep_v in_o by_o the_o backdoor_n of_o sedition_n and_o faction_n 14._o if_o we_o will_v listen_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o those_o who_o shall_v best_o know_v the_o nature_n of_o popular_a government_n we_o shall_v find_v no_o reason_n for_o good_a man_n to_o desire_n or_o choose_v it_o xenophon_n that_o brave_a scholar_n and_o soldier_n disallow_v the_o athenian_a common-weal_n for_o that_o they_o follow_v that_o form_n of_o government_n wherein_o the_o wicked_a be_v always_o in_o great_a credit_n and_o virtuous_a man_n keep_v under_o they_o expel_v aristides_n the_o just_a themistocles_n die_v in_o banishment_n meltiades_n in_o prison_n photion_n the_o most_o virtuous_a and_o just_a man_n of_o his_o age_n though_o he_o have_v be_v choose_v forty_o five_o time_n to_o be_v their_o general_n yet_o he_o be_v put_v to_o death_n with_o all_o his_o friend_n kindred_n and_o servant_n by_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o people_n without_o sentence_n accusation_n or_o any_o cause_n at_o all._n nor_o be_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n much_o more_o favourable_a to_o their_o worthy_n they_o banish_v rutilius_n metellus_n coriolanus_z the_o two_o scipio_n and_o tully_n the_o worst_a man_n speed_v best_o for_o as_o xenophon_n say_v of_o athens_n so_o rome_n be_v a_o sanctuary_n for_o all_o turbulent_a discontent_a and_o seditious_a spirit_n the_o impunity_n of_o wicked_a man_n be_v such_o that_o upon_o pain_n of_o death_n it_o be_v forbid_v all_o magistrate_n to_o condemn_v to_o death_n or_o banish_v any_o citizen_n or_o to_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o liberty_n or_o so_o much_o as_o to_o whip_v he_o for_o what_o offence_n soever_o he_o have_v commit_v either_o against_o the_o god_n or_o men._n the_o athenian_n sell_v justice_n as_o they_o do_v other_o merchandise_n which_o make_v plato_n call_v a_o popular_a estate_n a_o fair_a where_o every_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v sell_v the_o officer_n when_o they_o enter_v upon_o their_o charge_n will_v brag_v they_o go_v to_o a_o golden_a harvest_n the_o corruption_n of_o rome_n be_v such_o that_o marius_n and_o pompey_n dare_v carry_v bushel_n of_o silver_n into_o the_o assembly_n to_o purchase_v the_o voice_n of_o the_o people_n many_o citizen_n under_o their_o grave_a gown_n come_v arm_v into_o their_o public_a meeting_n as_o if_o they_o go_v to_o war._n often_o contrary_a faction_n fall_v to_o blow_n sometime_o with_o stone_n and_o sometime_o with_o sword_n the_o blood_n have_v be_v suck_v up_o in_o the_o market_n place_n with_o sponge_n the_o river_n tiber_n have_v be_v fill_v with_o the_o dead_a body_n of_o the_o citizen_n and_o the_o common_a privy_n stuff_v full_a with_o they_o if_o any_o man_n think_v these_o disorder_n in_o popular_a state_n be_v but_o casual_a or_o such_o as_o may_v happen_v under_o any_o kind_n of_o government_n he_o must_v
lawful_a king_n as_o to_o any_o conqueror_n or_o usurper_n whatsoever_o whereas_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o high_a power_n some_o have_v strain_v these_o word_n to_o signify_v the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n or_o else_o to_o mean_v the_o high_a power_n as_o well_o aristocratical_a and_o democratical_a as_o regal_a it_o seem_v st._n paul_n look_v for_o such_o interpretation_n and_o therefore_o think_v fit_a to_o be_v his_o own_o expositor_n and_o to_o let_v it_o be_v know_v that_o by_o power_n he_o understand_v a_o monarch_n that_o carry_v a_o sword_n will_v thou_o not_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o power_n that_o be_v the_o ruler_n that_o carry_v the_o sword_n for_o he_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n to_o thou_o for_o he_o bear_v not_o the_o sword_n in_o vain_a it_o be_v not_o the_o law_n that_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o god_n or_o that_o carry_v the_o sword_n but_o the_o ruler_n or_o magistrate_n so_o they_o that_o say_v the_o law_n govern_v the_o kingdom_n may_v as_o well_o say_v that_o the_o carpenter_n rule_n build_v a_o house_n and_o not_o the_o carpenter_n for_o the_o law_n be_v but_o the_o rule_n or_o instrument_n of_o the_o ruler_n and_o st._n paul_n conclude_v for_o this_o cause_n pay_v you_o tribute_n also_o for_o they_o be_v god_n minister_n attend_v continual_o upon_o this_o very_a thing_n render_v therefore_o tribute_n to_o who_o tribute_n be_v due_a custom_n to_o who_o custom_n he_o do_v not_o say_v give_v as_o a_o gift_n to_o god_n minister_n but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d render_v or_o restore_v tribute_n as_o a_o due_a also_o st._n peter_n do_v most_o clear_o expound_v this_o place_n of_o st._n paul_n where_o he_o say_v submit_v yourselves_o to_o every_o ordinance_n of_o man_n for_o the_o lord_n sake_n whether_o it_o be_v to_o the_o king_n as_o supreme_a or_o unto_o governor_n as_o unto_o they_o that_o be_v send_v by_o he_o here_o the_o very_a self_n same_o word_n supreme_a or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o st._n paul_n couple_v with_o power_n st._n peter_n conjoyn_v with_o the_o king_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d thereby_o to_o manifest_v that_o king_n and_o power_n be_v both_o one_o also_o st._n peter_n expound_v his_o own_o word_n of_o humane_a ordinance_n to_o be_v the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o lex_fw-la loquens_fw-la a_o speak_a law_n he_o can_v mean_v that_o king_n themselves_o be_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n since_o st._n paul_n call_v the_o supreme_a power_n the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n and_o the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n say_v by_o i_o king_n reign_v but_o his_o meaning_n must_v be_v that_o the_o law_n of_o king_n be_v humane_a ordinance_n next_o the_o governor_n that_o be_v send_v by_o he_o that_o be_v by_o the_o king_n not_o by_o god_n as_o some_o corrupt_o will_v wrest_v the_o text_n to_o justify_v popular_a governor_n as_o authorize_v by_o god_n whereas_o in_o grammatical_a construction_n he_o the_o relative_n must_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o next_o antecedent_n which_o be_v king_n beside_o the_o antithesis_fw-la between_o supreme_a and_o send_v prove_v plain_o that_o the_o governor_n be_v send_v by_o king_n for_o if_o the_o governor_n be_v send_v by_o god_n and_o the_o king_n be_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n than_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o governor_n be_v supreme_a and_o not_o the_o king_n or_o if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o both_o king_n and_o governor_n be_v send_v by_o god_n than_o they_o be_v both_o equal_a and_o so_o neither_o of_o they_o supreme_a therefore_o st._n peter_n mean_v be_v in_o short_a obey_v the_o law_n of_o the_o king_n or_o of_o his_o minister_n by_o which_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o neither_o st._n peter_n nor_o st._n paul_n intend_v other_o form_n of_o government_n than_o only_o monarchical_a much_o less_o any_o subjection_n of_o prince_n to_o humane_a law_n that_o familiar_a distinction_n of_o the_o schoolman_n whereby_o they_o subject_a king_n to_o the_o directive_n but_o not_o to_o the_o coactive_a power_n of_o law_n be_v a_o confession_n that_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o any_o nation_n since_o the_o compulsory_a power_n of_o law_n be_v that_o which_o proper_o make_v law_n to_o be_v law_n by_o bind_a man_n by_o reward_n or_o punishment_n to_o obedience_n whereas_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o law_n be_v but_o like_o the_o advice_n and_o direction_n which_o the_o king_n council_n give_v the_o king_n which_o no_o man_n say_v be_v a_o law_n to_o the_o king_n 4._o there_o want_v not_o those_o who_o believe_v that_o the_o first_o invention_n of_o law_n be_v to_o bridle_v and_o moderate_v the_o overgreat_a power_n of_o king_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o original_a of_o law_n be_v for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o multitude_n in_o order_n popular_a estate_n can_v not_o subsist_v at_o all_o without_o law_n whereas_o kingdom_n be_v govern_v many_o age_n without_o they_o the_o people_n of_o athens_n assoon_o as_o they_o give_v over_o king_n be_v force_v to_o give_v power_n to_o draco_n first_o then_o to_o solon_n to_o make_v they_o law_n not_o to_o bridle_v king_n but_o themselves_o and_o though_o many_o of_o their_o law_n be_v very_o severe_a and_o bloody_a yet_o for_o the_o reverence_n they_o bear_v to_o their_o lawmaker_n they_o willing_o submit_v to_o they_o nor_o do_v the_o people_n give_v any_o limit_a power_n to_o solon_n but_o a_o absolute_a jurisdiction_n at_o his_o pleasure_n to_o abrogate_v and_o confirm_v what_o he_o think_v fit_a the_o people_n never_o challenge_v any_o such_o power_n to_o themselves_o so_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n give_v to_o the_o ten_o man_n who_o be_v to_o choose_v and_o correct_v their_o law_n for_o the_o twelve_o table_n a_o absolute_a power_n without_o any_o appeal_n to_o the_o people_n 5._o the_o reason_n why_o law_n have_v be_v also_o make_v by_o king_n be_v this_o when_o king_n be_v either_o busy_v with_o war_n or_o distract_v with_o public_a care_n so_o that_o every_o private_a man_n can_v not_o have_v access_n to_o their_o person_n to_o learn_v their_o will_n and_o pleasure_n then_o of_o necessity_n be_v law_n invent_v that_o so_o every_o particular_a subject_n may_v find_v his_o prince_n pleasure_n decipher_v to_o he_o in_o the_o table_n of_o his_o law_n that_o so_o there_o may_v be_v no_o need_n to_o resort_v unto_o the_o king_n but_o either_o for_o the_o interpretation_n or_o mitigation_n of_o obscure_a or_o rigorous_a law_n or_o else_o in_o new_a case_n for_o a_o supplement_n where_o the_o law_n be_v defective_a by_o this_o mean_v both_o king_n and_o people_n be_v in_o many_o thing_n ease_v first_o the_o king_n by_o give_v law_n do_v free_v himself_o of_o great_a and_o intolerable_a trouble_n as_o moses_n do_v himself_o by_o choose_v elder_n second_o the_o people_n have_v the_o law_n as_o a_o familiar_a admonisher_n and_o interpreter_n of_o the_o king_n pleasure_n which_o be_v publish_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n do_v represent_v the_o presence_n and_o majesty_n of_o the_o king_n also_o the_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n who_o help_n in_o give_v judgement_n in_o many_o cause_n king_n have_v need_v to_o use_v be_v restrain_v by_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n from_o use_v their_o own_o liberty_n to_o the_o injury_n of_o other_o since_o they_o be_v to_o judge_v according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o not_o follow_v their_o own_o opinion_n 6._o now_o albeit_o king_n who_o make_v the_o law_n be_v as_o king_n james_n teach_v we_o above_o the_o law_n yet_o will_v they_o rule_v their_o subject_n by_o the_o law_n and_o a_o king_n govern_v in_o a_o settle_a kingdom_n leave_v to_o be_v a_o king_n and_o degenerate_v into_o a_o tyrant_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o seem_v to_o rule_v according_a to_o his_o law_n yet_o where_o he_o see_v the_o law_n rigorous_a or_o doubtful_a he_o may_v mitigate_v and_o interpret_v general_a law_n make_v in_o parliament_n may_v upon_o know_a respect_n to_o the_o king_n by_o his_o authority_n be_v mitigate_v or_o suspend_v upon_o cause_n only_o know_v to_o he_o and_o although_o a_o king_n do_v frame_v all_o his_o action_n to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n yet_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v thereto_o but_o at_o his_o good_a will_n and_o for_o good_a example_n or_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o general_n law_n of_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o common-weal_n do_v natural_o bind_v he_o for_o in_o such_o sort_n only_o positive_a law_n may_v be_v say_v to_o bind_v the_o king_n not_o by_o be_v positive_a but_o as_o they_o be_v natural_o the_o best_a or_o only_o mean_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o this_o mean_n be_v all_o king_n even_o tyrant_n and_o conqueror_n bind_v to_o preserve_v the_o land_n good_n liberty_n and_o live_v of_o all_o their_o subject_n not_o by_o any_o municipial_n law_n of_o the_o land_n so_o
much_o as_o the_o natural_a law_n of_o a_o father_n which_o bind_v they_o to_o ratify_v the_o act_n of_o their_o forefather_n and_o predecessor_n in_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o public_a good_a of_o their_o subject_n 7._o other_o there_o be_v that_o affirm_v that_o although_o law_n of_o themselves_o do_v not_o bind_v king_n yet_o the_o oath_n of_o king_n at_o their_o coronation_n tie_v they_o to_o keep_v all_o the_o law_n of_o their_o kingdom_n how_o far_o this_o be_v true_a let_v we_o but_o examine_v the_o oath_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n at_o their_o coronation_n the_o word_n whereof_o be_v these_o be_v thou_o please_v to_o cause_n to_o be_v administer_v in_o all_o thy_o judgement_n indifferent_a and_o upright_a justice_n and_o to_o use_v discretion_n with_o mercy_n and_o verity_n be_v thou_o please_v that_o our_o upright_a law_n and_o custom_n be_v observe_v and_o do_v thou_o promise_v that_o those_o shall_v be_v protect_v and_o maintain_v by_o thou_o these_o two_o be_v the_o article_n of_o the_o king_n oath_n which_o concern_v the_o laity_n or_o subject_n in_o general_n to_o which_o the_o king_n answer_v affirmative_o be_v first_o demand_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n please_v it_o you_o to_o confirm_v and_o observe_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o ancient_a time_n grant_v from_o god_n by_o just_a and_o devout_a king_n unto_o the_o english_a nation_n by_o oath_n unto_o the_o say_a people_n especial_o the_o law_n liberty_n and_o custom_n grant_v unto_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n by_o the_o famous_a king_n edward_n we_o may_v observe_v in_o these_o word_n of_o the_o article_n of_o the_o oath_n that_o the_o king_n be_v require_v to_o observe_v not_o all_o the_o law_n but_o only_o the_o upright_a and_o that_o with_o discretion_n and_o mercy_n the_o word_n upright_o can_v mean_v all_o law_n because_o in_o the_o oath_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o i_o find_v evil_n and_o unjust_a law_n mention_v which_o the_o king_n swear_v to_o abolish_v and_o in_o the_o old_a abridgement_n of_o statute_n set_v forth_o in_o henry_n the_o eighth_n day_n the_o king_n be_v to_o swear_v whole_o to_o put_v out_o evil_a law_n which_o he_o can_v do_v if_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o all_o law_n now_o what_o law_n be_v upright_a and_o what_o evil_a who_o shall_v judge_v but_o the_o king_n since_o he_o swear_v to_o administer_v upright_a justice_n with_o discretion_n and_o mercy_n or_o as_o bracton_n have_v it_o aequitatem_fw-la praecipiat_fw-la &_o misericordiam_fw-la so_o that_o in_o effect_n the_o king_n do_v swear_v to_o keep_v no_o law_n but_o such_o as_o in_o his_o judgement_n be_v upright_o and_o those_o not_o literal_o always_o but_o according_a to_o equity_n of_o his_o conscience_n join_v with_o mercy_n which_o be_v proper_o the_o office_n of_o a_o chancellor_n rather_o than_o of_o a_o judge_n and_o if_o a_o king_n do_v strict_o swear_v to_o observe_v all_o the_o law_n he_o can_v not_o without_o perjury_n give_v his_o consent_n to_o the_o repeal_n or_o abrogate_a of_o any_o statute_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o will_v be_v very_o mischievable_a to_o the_o state_n but_o let_v it_o be_v suppose_v for_o truth_n that_o king_n do_v swear_v to_o observe_v all_o the_o law_n of_o their_o kingdom_n yet_o no_o man_n can_v think_v it_o reason_n that_o king_n shall_v be_v more_o bind_v by_o their_o voluntary_a oath_n than_o common_a person_n be_v by_o they_o now_o if_o a_o private_a person_n make_v a_o contract_n either_o with_o oath_n or_o without_o oath_n he_o be_v no_o further_o bind_v than_o the_o equity_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o contract_n tie_v he_o for_o a_o man_n may_v have_v relief_n against_o a_o unreasonable_a and_o unjust_a promise_n if_o either_o deceit_n or_o error_n or_o force_v or_o fear_v induce_v he_o thereunto_o or_o if_o it_o be_v hurtful_a or_o grievous_a in_o the_o performance_n since_o the_o law_n in_o many_o case_n give_v the_o king_n a_o prerogative_n above_o common_a person_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o he_o shall_v be_v deny_v the_o privilege_n which_o the_o mean_a of_o his_o subject_n do_v enjoy_v here_o be_v a_o fit_a place_n to_o examine_v a_o question_n which_o some_o have_v move_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o sin_n for_o a_o subject_a to_o disobey_v the_o king_n if_o he_o command_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o his_o law_n for_o satisfaction_n in_o this_o point_n we_o must_v resolve_v that_o not_o only_o in_o humane_a law_n but_o even_o in_o divine_a a_o thing_n may_v be_v command_v contrary_a to_o law_n and_o yet_o obedience_n to_o such_o a_o command_n be_v necessary_a the_o sanctify_a of_o the_o sabbath_n be_v a_o divine_a law_n yet_o if_o a_o master_n command_v his_o servant_n not_o to_o go_v to_o church_n upon_o a_o sabbath-day_n the_o best_a divine_n teach_v we_o that_o the_o servant_n must_v obey_v this_o command_n though_o it_o may_v be_v sinful_a and_o unlawful_a in_o the_o master_n because_o the_o servant_n have_v no_o authority_n or_o liberty_n to_o examine_v and_o judge_v whether_o his_o master_n sin_n or_o no_o in_o so_o command_v for_o there_o may_v be_v a_o just_a cause_n for_o a_o master_n to_o keep_v his_o servant_n from_o church_n as_o appear_v luke_o 14.5_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o tie_v the_o master_n to_o acquaint_v his_o servant_n with_o his_o secret_a counsel_n or_o present_a necessity_n and_o in_o such_o case_n the_o servant_n be_v not_o go_v to_o church_n become_v the_o sin_n of_o the_o master_n and_o not_o of_o the_o servant_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o king_n be_v command_v a_o man_n to_o serve_v he_o in_o the_o war_n he_o may_v not_o examine_v whether_o the_o war_n be_v just_a or_o unjust_a but_o must_v obey_v since_o he_o have_v no_o commission_n to_o judge_n of_o the_o title_n of_o kingdom_n or_o cause_n of_o war_n nor_o have_v any_o subject_a power_n to_o condemn_v his_o king_n for_o breach_n of_o his_o own_o law_n 8._o many_o will_v be_v ready_a to_o say_v it_o be_v a_o slavish_a and_o dangerous_a condition_n to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o will_n of_o any_o one_o man_n who_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o law_n but_o such_o man_n consider_v not_o 1._o that_o the_o prerogative_n of_o a_o king_n be_v to_o be_v above_o all_o law_n for_o the_o good_a only_o of_o they_o that_o be_v under_o the_o law_n and_o to_o defend_v the_o people_n liberty_n as_o his_o majesty_n gracious_o affirm_v in_o his_o speech_n after_o his_o last_o answer_n to_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n howsoever_o some_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o name_n of_o prerogative_n yet_o they_o may_v assure_v themselves_o the_o case_n of_o subject_n will_v be_v desperate_o miserable_a without_o it_o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n itself_o be_v but_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n to_o relieve_v man_n against_o the_o inexorable_a rigour_n of_o the_o law_n which_o without_o it_o be_v no_o better_a than_o a_o tyrant_n since_o summum_fw-la jus_fw-la be_v summa_fw-la injuria_fw-la general_a pardon_n at_o the_o coronation_n and_o in_o parliament_n be_v but_o the_o bounty_n of_o the_o prerogative_n 2._o there_o can_v be_v no_o law_n without_o a_o supreme_a power_n to_o command_v or_o make_v they_o in_o all_o aristocraty_n the_o noble_n be_v above_o the_o law_n and_o in_o all_o democraty_n the_o people_n by_o the_o like_a reason_n in_o a_o monarchy_n the_o king_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v above_o the_o law_n there_o can_v be_v no_o sovereign_a majesty_n in_o he_o that_o be_v under_o they_o that_o which_o give_v the_o very_a be_v to_o a_o king_n be_v the_o power_n to_o give_v law_n without_o this_o power_n he_o be_v but_o a_o equivocal_a king_n it_o skill_v not_o which_o way_n king_n come_v by_o their_o power_n whether_o by_o election_n donation_n succession_n or_o by_o any_o other_o mean_n for_o it_o be_v still_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o government_n by_o supreme_a power_n that_o make_v they_o proper_o king_n and_o not_o the_o mean_n of_o obtain_v their_o crown_n neither_o do_v the_o diversity_n of_o law_n nor_o contrary_a custom_n whereby_o each_o kingdom_n differ_v from_o another_o make_v the_o form_n of_o common-weal_n different_a unless_o the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n be_v in_o several_a subject_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o point_n aristotle_n say_v that_o a_o perfect_a kingdom_n be_v that_o wherein_o the_o king_n rule_v all_o thing_n according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n for_o he_o that_o be_v call_v a_o king_n according_a to_o the_o law_n make_v no_o kind_n of_o kingdom_n at_o all_o this_o it_o seem_v also_o the_o roman_n well_o understand_v to_o be_v most_o necessary_a in_o a_o monarchy_n for_o though_o they_o be_v a_o people_n most_o greedy_a of_o liberty_n yet_o the_o senate_n do_v free_a augustus_n from_o all_o necessity_n of_o law_n that_o he_o
appear_v before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n and_o determine_v a_o controversy_n between_o they_o touch_v land_n contain_v in_o the_o covenant_n of_o her_o jointure_n rot._n claus_n de_fw-fr a_fw-fr 41._o ed._n 3._o henry_n the_o five_o in_o a_o suit_n before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n for_o the_o title_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o sere_a and_o s._n laurence_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o thenet_n in_o kent_n take_v order_n for_o sequester_v the_o profit_n till_o the_o right_n be_v try_v as_o well_o for_o avoid_v the_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n as_o for_o prevention_n of_o waste_n and_o spoil_v rot._n patin_n anno_fw-la 6._o hen._n 5._o henry_n the_o six_o command_v the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n to_o stay_v the_o arraignment_n of_o one_o verney_n of_o london_n till_o they_o have_v other_o commandment_n from_o he_o and_o his_o council_n because_o verney_n be_v indebt_v to_o the_o king_n and_o other_o practise_v to_o be_v indict_v of_o felony_n wherein_o he_o may_v have_v his_o clergy_n and_o make_v his_o purgation_n of_o intent_n to_o defraud_v his_o creditor_n 34._o hen._n 6_o rot._n 37._o in_o banco_n regis_fw-la edward_n the_o four_o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n hear_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o master_n and_o poor_a brethren_n of_o s._n leonard_n in_o york_n complain_v that_o sir_n huge_a hastings_n and_o other_o withdraw_v from_o they_o a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o live_n which_o consist_v chief_o upon_o the_o have_v of_o a_o thrave_a of_o corn_n of_o every_o ploughland_n within_o the_o county_n of_o york_n westmoreland_n cumberland_n and_o lancashire_n rot._n paten_n de_fw-fr anno_fw-la 8_o ed._n 4._o part_v 3_o memb._n 14._o henry_n the_o seven_o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n decree_v that_o margery_n and_o florence_n becket_n shall_v sue_v no_o further_o in_o their_o cause_n against_o alice_n radley_n widow_n for_o land_n in_o wolwich_n and_o plumstead_n in_o kent_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o matter_n have_v be_v hear_v 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