Spermatick Vessels which swel with Spermatick Humor which in their progress do send branches unto the Loines In Women the x T. 7. f 1. d f. 2. R T c. â–¡ Womb with its y f. 2. Q Q. S S. â–¡ Ligaments and z f. 2. o o. f. 4. A A. â–¡ Testicles may hurt the Loins but especialy in a Woman with Child by reason of the weight of the Womb and Child The Veins and Arteries of the Iliac α T. 12. f. 1. and 4. D D. â–¡ branches which are spread abroad through the Os Sacrum may vex the Loines The remote Parts which hurt the Loines are the a T. 4. f. 1. A B. â–¡ Liver by the Vena b f. 1. F F f. 6. the whol â–¡ Porta Remote Parts and c f. 1. G H. â–¡ Mesentery and the d T. 17. and 18. â–¡ Head whils it disburthens it self of its Superfluities into the e T. 18. f. 5. A. â–¡ Marrow of the Back according to Hippocrates in his Book de Glandulis The Humor descends through the Cavity of the Spinal Marrow as far as the Loines and it cannot easily go farther by reason that the Marrow of the Back is their divided into a f f. 5. o. â–¡ Million of Threds We must also observe the common Causes of the Pains which are frequently Common Causes of Pains found in Pains of the Loines as internal Rheumatismes or Fluxes of Humors and external by the Veins or an Humor between the Skin whith flowes from the Head betwixt the Muscles and Fleshy Membane Oftentimes the btanches of the Vena Cava and Aorta do carry a Patt of boiling and Superfluous Blood out of the greater Channels into the Loines which they Disease either in the Muscly Parts or in the Membranous Parts or in the marrow of the Back which is the Cause that a Palsie follows the Colick or an Arthritis degenerates into the Colick and the Colick is changed into the Sciatica Also outward Impostumes of the Kidneys and passions of the Gut Colon being either distended or exulcerated are Communicated to the Loines within and without in the Loines may arise Tumors Impostumes and Ulcers yea and the Loins are distorted by flux of Rheum or some swelling Their Fibres are distended by the Cramp Many times pains of the Loines are stirred up by external Causes as External Causes a fall on the Back or a Blow with a thick Stick or some other massie thing These things being premised and wel understood it is easie to explain very obscure Certain places in Hippocrates expounded places in Hippocrates touching pains of the Loines which you shal find in the Commentaries of Duretus upon the Coick Prognosticks of Hippocrates and others collected together in the Commentaries of Marinellus upon Hippocrates in the word Lumbi There are two kinds of Loine Symptomes for some are in the Loines and others spring from the Loines both of them are by Hippocrates judged to be very stubborn and hard to deal with In his Coicks he hath pronounced absolutly and without exception Such as have pains in their Loines are in a very bad condition And in the same Book Diseases which arise from pain of the Back are hard to cure And how wil you understand those places unles by a clear knowledg of the the Parts sending and Parts receiving as I declared before Certain it is if in the beginning of Diseases their be pain in the Loines with heavyness and a Feaver Blood very hot or in great plenty is contained within the greater Vessels which being more inflamed if not timely prevented may be carried into the Head or into the Lungs from whence greivous Diseases may follow In other places he does particularly explain the Causes of Lung pains If I should recite those places I should fil twenty Leaves and upwards wherefore I wil take in my Sailes and dispatch al in a word Pains of the Loines in acute Malignant Danger of these pains in Feavers Feavers or other Feavers in the beginning are dangerous for they signifie a great Tumult in the Blood and irritation of Humor within the greater Vessels which is much to be feared if a speedy course be not taken to prevent what may follow by a plentyful blood letting especially in the Feet to hinder the recourse of the blood to the upper Parts of the Chest or Head where it is wont to produce divers terrible and deadly Symptomes We ought therefore to be very fearful of pains in the Loines which persevere in Feavers although Blood have been often let because in the Region of the Belly Humors lie extreme deep which may take their course suddenly to some of the nobler Parts if they be not diligently Purged forth And therefore to cure such like pains of the Loins Hippocrates was went to Their Cure open the Veins of the Ham or Foot which is confirmed by him in his Coicks the pains of the Loins proceed from aboundance of blood there and blood-lettings that are caused by pains of the Loins are large and plentyful These things declare the necessity of blood-letting when the Loins are pained with a Feaver Purging must not be omitted that the Vault of the lower Belly being loaded with Excrements may be emptied and clensed out of Aphor. 20. Book 4. Though Hippocrates has written that such as complain of pains in their Loins are looâ—eâ— bellyed than ordinary that saying does not take away the necessity of Purging in these cases Bleeding at the Hemorrhoid Veins is good both for the Kidneis and for pains of the Loins and therefore the Hemorrhoids are to be provoked A lasting pain of the Loins without Heat or any Inflammatory disposition unless it can be discussed with Fomentations after purging blood-letting often repeated the Humor must be drawn out with Cupping-Glasses and Scarification and by Application of Vesicatories or making Issues on each side of the Back-bone also with a Bath of fresh water qualified with Herbs or by sitting in natural Baths or having their water Pumped from on high upon the Parts affected For the pains of the Loins are more vehement and stubborn if the serous matter be conteined within the Muscles as far as the Vertebras and they are yet worse and harder to be cured if they come to the Marrow of the Back But those Symptomes which are thought to arise from the Loins do not arise from the Parts which constitute or make up the Loins but from the neighbouring Parts which being spread upon the Loins do cause pain and transfer their Humors into other Parts by a quick or slow motion by the Veins and Arteries such as are Vena Cava and Aorta the Haemorrhoid Veins and the Mesaraicks Out of Galen The End of the Second Book THE THIRD BOOK OF THE ANATOMY AND PATHOLOGY OF John Riolanus THE KINGS PROFESSOR OF PHYSICK Chap. 1. Of the Chest LET us proceed unto the Parts of the Chest Now the Chest
months it sticks so fast to the Peritoneum before to the bottom of the Bladder to the Guts and in Women to the Womb that it must of necessity putrifie in that place which it wil the sooner do if either you give the patient Emollient Medicines inwardly or apply them outwardly If you would prolong the patients life you must often let blood and beare up the Tumor with a truss or Swathe band What if the Spleen fal from its natural place shal we sear and burn it with a red hot Iron when it slips into the Belly shal we take that Course with it It is a ticklish and dangerous peice of work notwithstanding Old Farriers or Horse Doctors have written that the Spleen has been by that means consumed in Horses and in some poor slaves on whom they durst Experiment so cruel a Remedy Much more dangerous it is by opening the left Hypochondrium to take away the Spleen neither can its thick superfluous Humors be safely disolved by heating the same I should by such a practise sear a contusion after which an incurable suppuration of the whol substance would undoubtedly follow There is none of the Bowels which in Diseases does more change its shape Somtime Figure its long somtime foursquare somtimes round according as it finds room to dilate it self in when it rests upon the Stomach it does much hurt and disturbe the action thereof Communion and if it be fastened to the Midrif is oppresses the same or if it reach thither in its Bulk it hinders the free Motions thereof Upon the Spleen obstructed depend the Black Jaundice Hypochondriacal Melancholy Obstructed what Diseases it Causes the ill Colors of Virgins and other Women The Scurvy or Hippocrates his great Spleens out of which flowes a Malignant Wheyish Humor which being spread into divers Parts of the Body does in the Mouth cause Stomacace or Oscedo a sorenes with loosness of the Teeth c. In the Thighs Scelotyrbe a soreness with spots and wandring pains through the whol body which are either fixed and abiding in certain Parts which we cal Rheumatismes and the Germans refer them to the scurvy as may be seen in such German Authors as have written of the Scurvy especially in the Treatise of Engalenus And therefore after universal Remedies they use other appropriate Scorbuticks which are destined to the Cure of that Disease Chap. 27. Of the Vena Cava and Aorta within the Lower Belly THe Trunk of the a T. 12. f. 1. A B C. â–¡ Vena Cava is commonly reported to arise out of the Liver Liver is not the Original of Vena Cava and to be divided into the superior and inferior Trunk as if they were separated as it is in the stock of the b T. 12. f. 4. A. â–¡ Aorta springing out of the Heart but Ocular Inspection does demonstrate that the Trunk of Vena Cava is separated from the Liver which creepes beneath and that near the top of the Liver by the Midrif it receives a branch which grows out of the c f. 1. r r. â–¡ Substance of the Liver which carries blood into the Trunk of the Cava that it may be carryed unto the Heart with other blood which ascends by Circulation Wherefore that same Trunk of the Vena Cava is extended al along without Interruption from the d f. 1. B. â–¡ Jugulum or Neck even to the e T. 12. f. 1. D. â–¡ Os Sacrum There I make account is the Cistern of Blood because a great part of the Blood is contained therein The Trunk of Vena Cava in regard of the Liver which by a branch supplies iâ— Vena Cava divided into Trunks with Blood may be divided into the f f. 1. B. â–¡ upper and lower g T. 12. f. 1. C D. â–¡ Trunk The inferior produces the Vena h T. 5. f. a. g. â–¡ Adeposa which is dispersed into the fatty Membrane of the Kidney and then the i T. 12. f. 1. x x. â–¡ emulgent which is distributed into the Kidney after that the k f. 1. z. z. â–¡ Spermatick Vein whose right-side branch springs from the Trunk of Cava and it s left from the Emulgent finally it sends three or four branches called l f. 1. a a a. â–¡ Lumbares into the Loins which are spred abroad unto the Marrow of the Back When the Trunk is come to the top of Os Sacrum it is divided into two Channels Distribution of the inferior Trunk or Pipes which from their Scituation are termed m f. 1. D D. â–¡ Canales Iliaci the Illiack Pipes From these on either hand are produced other Veins especially the a Sacra b Hypogastrica Amplissima c Epigastrica and d Pudenda In Women the Hypogastrica is longer than in Men and Nourishes more Parts and holds the Menstrual blood till the time come that itmust be voided Wherefore blood is conteined in greater plenty about the Genitals of Women than of Men. The Epigastrica is observed to be two-fould in Women the one ascends into the Musculus Rectus the other opposite thereunto descends as low as the Womb. In this Trunk of Vena Cava Fernelius after Galen placed the seat of continual Seat of Feavers continual and Iâ—…rmittent Feavers supposing the Blood rested quietly therein but seeing the blood is in perpetual motion I make the seat of continual feavers to be in the Trunk of the Vena Cava and in those great Pipes carryed along through the Limbs as the semâ—…ry â—f intermittent Feavers or Agues is in the Vena Porta or in the Bowells which are nourished thereby Seeing the Veins are the Vessels and Cisterts to contain the blood they have a thin coat saving that the Trunk of Vena Cava has a thicker and stronger coat Why Cava hâ—â— a thick Coat than ordinary to avoid breaking in case the blood should work or boyl therein which by means of the tenderness of the Coat can sweat and breath thorough T is a Question whether the Veins have Fibres or no some say yea and some Whether Veins have Fibres no. But seeing the Blood is thrust forward by the spirits and Hear it has a natural ascent unto the Heart and therefore it needs no Fibres to draw it and if any were necessary the right ones would suffice but the circular ones are interposed for strength and some threds are observed in the Coat of a Vein not to draw but to strengthen the Coat Wherefore the Contentions about the Fibres of Veins are but Vain Janglings neither are we in Blood-letting so carefully and scrupulouâ—ly to observe the rectitude of the Fibres as the Scituation of the Part affected Hippocrates in his Book de Morbo Sacro does Elegantly call the Veins Spiracula Why the Veins are called the Bodies Wind-Doers Corporis the Wind-doers or Breathing places of the Body because when they are opened a Fuliginous or sooty Spirit Issues
the beginning of the Sheath The Testicles in a T. 7. f. 2. o o. f. 4 A C. â–¡ Women are otherwise framed than in Men they have no Testicles Epididymis have but one Coat their substance is soft made up of little Bladders wherein is contained a Wheyish substance which is wont to spirt out upon the face of the dissector if he take not heed Such a structure of the Testices in women and such a conformation of their Spermatick Vessels made Aristotle to doubt and others of his followers whether the Female Sex were Prolisick and afforded Seed to the making of the infant as well as the Male as Galen after Hippocrates maintaines they do From the Body of the Testicle the same Spermatick b f. 2. d d. f. 4. b b. â–¡ Vessels preparatory are carryed to the bottom of the c f. 2. R. f. 4. E. f. 3. A. â–¡ womb and to the d f. 2. Q Q. f. 4. D D. â–¡ Hornes or Trumpets of the womb which Vessels are far different from those in Men. These things thus observed let us take a View of the Body of the womb with the Horns of the Womb. Its Ligaments external Parts thereof Out of it there arises in its upper Part the Hornes and four Ligaments two broad and e f. 2. P P. â–¡ Membranous which are productions of the Peritonaeum They are stretched out in Virgins and women that have not bore Children resembling the displaid wings of Bats or Flitter-Mice They hold the womb that it fal not down The other two Ligaments are round somwhat f f. 2. S S. f. 3. and 4. F F. â–¡ longish which arise from the bottome of the womb near the Hornes In their Rise they are hollow and in their progress as far as the Ossa Pubis we find them hollowed When they are come as far as the Clitoris they are cloven and spred forth in the shape of a Goose-foot through al the fore part of the Thigh I was the first that made discovery of that same Cavity and of the formerly unknown use of these Ligaments According to the Opinion of the Ancient and latter Anatomists they keep the womb from ascending upwards but without these Ligaments the womb cannot ascend unless it should pluck away the Sheath and the Privities which are contiuations of the body of the womb The Horn a T. 7. f. 2. Q Q. f. 4. D D. â–¡ of the womb being fistulous or hollowish is observed in the lower Part thereof to be torne and jagged as if the Rats had gnaw'd it it conteins within it a certain hard and round texture which resembles the substance of the Jaculatory Vessels in Men and white Seed is there preserved and found Having observed these things you shal proceed to the body of the womb The Wombs Substance Coat the Substance whereof is fleshy and Syungy and as thick as a mans Finger It is Cloathed with a Membranous Coat whether it be proper or received from the Peritonaeum The womb is of an hot and moist Complexion it is Scituated in the lower b T. 7. f. 1. d. â–¡ Part Temper Scituation of the Belly beneath the Navel just in the middle betwen the c T. 7. f. 1. e. â–¡ Intestinum Rectum or Arse-Gut and the d T. 7. f. 1. e â–¡ Piss-Bladder In Virgins until they have their Courses it is little and hard after they have had Greatness their Courses it grows softer in women which have had Children it is greater and thicker It is shaped like a smal Gourd a Pear or a Cupping-Glass Shape Number It is one in number and no more yet somtimes divided into two Cavities by a Partition in the middle which is the Cause that some women bring sorth two or three Children at a Birth The Cavity of the e T. 7. f 3. B B. â–¡ Womb in Virgins and in those which have never conceived Cavity is so smal as to contain only a pease or a very little bean In such as have born Children it is larger The Action of the womb is conception or attracting the Seed and reducing the Action same into Act by causing the same to ferment and proceed to formation And although this be that for which the Womb was ordained yet it is by accident the Sluce or Outlet of Superfluous Humors in the Body which do either continually flow unto this place as in the Whites or at certain seasons as the Menstruous Blood which being more than the woman needs for her Nourishment is ordained to nourish the Child in the womb and when it is born it drops out of the Dugs in the form of Milk The Medicinal Consideration By out knowledg of the Natural Constitution of the Genital Parts of women Disorders of the. we come more certainly to understand their departure from the said natural Constitution by several sorts of Infirmities The Spermatick Vessels are liable to obstructions whereby the usual Flux of Spermatick Vessels Stones Humors is stopped which is very hurtful to women They swel together with the Stones and become as big as a mans Fist by a collection of Humors resembling Tallow or suet This is known by a swelling in the bottom of the Belly at the sides The Trumpet or Horn of the Womb is widened and moved by Seed which being Trumpet there corrupted seekes its passage out But wonderful it is that the mans Seed should come thither and that as Histories report a Child should be conceived there 'T is very strang that a Child should be formed out of the Cavity of the womb and it favours the Opinion of Paracelsus and Amatus Lusitanus that a Child may be made in a Glass of a Mans Seed and menstrual blood placed in Horses Dung unless both of them the one being an Athiest the other a Jew were known to be Impostors The womb is the Root Seed plot and foundation of very near al womens Diseases Womb it self being either bred in the womb or occasioned thereby It it be troubled with an hot distemper and inflamed it causes intollerable burnings Distemper the Feaver Synochos and the burning Feaver very troublesome Itchings and finally it brings exulcerations the Cancer and Gangraena If it be stung with servent Lust it becomes enraged causes Uterine fury and Madness wil not let the Patients rest but invites them to shake and agitate their Loins that they may be disburthened of their Seed and at last they become shameles and ask men to lie with them Somtime it is drawn out of its place towards the sides and is carryed this way and Motion depraved that way as far as the Ligaments and Connexions of the Womb wil give leave and it wil rise directly to the Liver Stomach and Midrif that it may be moistened and fanned it Causes Choaking and Stranglings and raises terrible and violent motions and Convulsions in the Body
month or two old dâ—ying Medicines being applied and Foâ—â—anels or Issues made in the Nape of the Neck the over-great moisture of the Brain may be dried up and consequently the Head wil become less which cannot be effected when the Children are grown up A narrow Head cannot be by Art enlarged many Age whatsoever If the Sutures of the Skul are straiter thaâ— ordinary oâ—â—f there be no Sutures Over lax or loose c. or they be wider than is â—iâ— the Head is subject to Diseases because the smoaky Exâ—â—ements of the Brain have nor a free passage If the Head be more loose and open than is â—it it is the more exposed in the Injuries of the ambient Air. These Inconveniencies may be remedied by help of Physick or by wearing a Cap or by going bare-head as occasion requires I proceed unto the Particular Diseases of the Parts containing And first of the Particular diseases hairy Skin whose Action is the breeding of Hairs the efficient cauâ—e whâ—â—eoâ— is a temper moderately hot and dry and an indifferent Constitution of the Skin and the internal cause is a sooty Excrement which thrusting it self forâ—â—bly by the smal Pores gains the form of a thred The hurting of this Action is a Symptome of the hairy Skin The hurt thereof is three-â—old it is diminished in the Diseaâ—e termed Ophiasis in which the Hairs fal off from the hinder part of the Head along to the Ophiasis Fore-head making bald wreaths like those of Serpents or it is abolished in baldness and the Alopecia or Fox fal of the hairs The Cause of the falling off of the Hair of the Head is the hot and dry distemper of the Skin with a naughty and sharp Humor eating away the roots of the Hairs The Naughtiness of the Humor is known by the color of the Skin and of the blood which comes out of the Skin being pricked Baldness is a deprivation of the Hair of the Head by reason of an Hectical dry Baldness distemper and hard Constitution of the Skin A defect of Nutriment and profitable Humor or of the â—uligiâ—ous Excrement causes this distemper of the Skin Hence it is that Euâ—uchs because very moist do never wax bald Gray-hairedness is a Symptome of the Hairy Scalp or Skin of the Head by which Gray Hairs the Generation of Hairs is depraved so that they grow white before the time The cause of both these kinds of baldness as wel that which comes Symptomatically as that caused by Age is the cold and moist distemper of the Skin whereby the â—uligiâ—ous Excrement of the Skin is allaied and tempered When I say a cold distemper I mean the weakness of the Natural Heat whence it comes to paâ—s that by sickness and sorrow many become gray-hair'd because the Natural Heat is by both diminished Ulcers of the Head are either light and possess the Scarf-skin only which turns Daddruf into little Scales Scurf or Dandruf when the Head is combed whence the Greeks term it Pituriasis the Latins Porrigo such like Ulcers are either dry and invisible or they are visible and manifestly to be seen their Cause is an hot and dry distemper of the Skin with a sharp and thin Humor Acâ—or is a Disease of the Skin of the Head compounded of a tumor and an Ulcer Sorâ— Head the tumor is known by the inequality the Ulcer by little holes out of which flows a clammy Humor which made Pliny cal the flowing Ulcers of the Head Ceiron or the Honey-comb But the Honey-comb though a tumor and Ulcer of the Head yet differs from the former because it has greater holes and the Humor that comes out is mattery like Honey or of the Consistency of Honey Plâ—ny cals them Ulcers congealed together like an Honey-comb The Cause of both these Diseases is an hot and dry distemper of the Skin with a sharp and biting Humor which invites one to scratch by scratching the swelling is encreased and at length Ulcerated so that the holes break out Vulgarly 't is called Tinea the Moath because the holes are like those of Moath-eaten Garments Hydrocephalos or the Water-head is a swelling of the Head caused by a Head-droâ—sie wheyâ—â—h Humor collected and shed abroad between the Skul and the Pericramâ—â— or between the Skul and Dura Mater or within the Ventricles of the Brain fiâ—led with wheâ—â—sh moisture which runs over as it were on al sides In Infants 't is caused by squeezing of the Childs Head at the time of Birth In those that are grown up the cause hereof is a cold and moist distemper of the Head and whol Body or a translation of â—erous humors unto the Head which generally is swelled and raiâ—ed to a vast compaâ—s by the humor under the Skâ—n or included within the Head Pâ—â—irâ—asis or the Louzâ— Evil is a Symptome of the hairy Scalpe when instead Louzie Evil. of the â—hicker Excrements or together with them Lâ—ce are bred in the top of the Skin or deep in the same The Cauâ—e hereof is an hot and moist distemper of the Skin with a putrified humor not very sharp which makes this Disease commonly subject to Children and old Flegmatick Persons The Temple-Muscles are to be observed which cover a great part of the Skul whose wounds or bruises do cause a Convulsion and contract and straiten the Jaw Chap. 2. Of the Brain THe Skul being duly sawed in sunder and the covering removed the a T. 16. f. 1. â–¡ Brain The Brains appears proportionated to the Skul which contained it such as is the thing containing such is the contained Or suppose the Brain gives Figure to the bones when they are soft then the Skul follows the quantity of the brain be it great or little But in case the brain follow not the Natural figure and magnitude of the Head its conformation is faulty and consequently sickly and adverse to the internal Sences both principal and subservient whâ—ch it hurts in their Actions The Brain is compounded of a b f. 3. A A. â–¡ Substance soft waxy or pliable whitish Substance which because like a Kernel it drinks and sucks up humidities it is therefore by Hippocrates termed the great Kernel It is divided into two parts That which is three times as big as the other retains Division the common name of the c f. 6. A A. â–¡ Brain the lesser part placed in the hinder part of the Head is termed d f. 6. D D. â–¡ Cerebellum or the Petty-brain Both these parts are covered Two Coats viz. 1 Crassa-meninx 2 The Tenuis meninx with common Coverings termed Meninges The first Coat or Covering is called e f. 1. A C. f. 2. B. f. 3. H. c. â–¡ Crassa Meninx the second f f. 1. B B. â–¡ Tenuis Meninx The Arabians termed these Membranes Matres or Mothers because they were perswaded that the other Membranes of the Boâ—y were propagated from
and blockishness Symptomes consisting Or in the Cavities and passages in the Cavities and passages are very many appertaining to Sence and Motion and to sleeping and waking as dead sleep sleeping Trance Sympâ—omes of Motion are Walking in ones sleep to be taken stiff as it were blasted or Planet-struck the Night-Mare Convulsion Falling-sickness Unquietness and tumbling Sâ—ivering Shaking Trembling Palsies Feebleness of the Limbs and Apoplexy Symptomes in the undue proportion of what should be voided forth do belong Symptomes of the Membranes Pain to the passages and Cavities as a Caâ—arrh Rbeumatismus Bleeding at Nose All these Symptomes â—foresaid I wil now declare particularly The Head-ach either occupies the Pericranium or the Meninges if the Pericranium the pain is outwards if the Meninges the pain is inward Each of these pains reaches unto the Eyes because the internal Membranes do produce the Coats of the Eye called Cornea and Vvea and the Pericranium produces the Coat Conjunctiva The kind of the Pain shews the Nature of the Disease A sharp and biting pain does argue a Cholerick Distemper of the Head a heavy pressing pain shews a Flegmatick Distemper a panting or pulsing pain argues somwhat of an Inflamation A pricking pain shews an Erosion or gnawing caused by a sharp Humor or a Worm which is rare A stretching pain argues abundance of Humor or of windy Spirits which distend the Membranes Now the Pain is either in the whol Head or in the half or in some one particle thereof If it infest the whol Head it is called Cephalalgia if half the Head Hemicrania because the brain is divided into two parts If the pain possess one part as if a Nail were driven in there the Arabians call it Clavus and Ovum the Nail or Egg. If the pain of the Head be of long Continuance it is termed Cephalaea which together with the Hemicrania is periodical but the Cephalalgia is a continual universal Head-ach A continual Pain of the Head joyned with a continual Feaver and signs of malignity is exceeding dangerous according to Hippocrates in the Second of his Prognosticks Pains of the Head are Primary and Proper or Secundary and by Sympathy from other parts These are not so dangerous as the former The Principal Actions of the Brain Imagination Ratiocination and Memory Symptomes of the Substance of the brain are diminished depraved and abolished Depravation of the Fantasie and Reason is Raving the Imminution thereof is Foolishness There is a three-fold Hurt of the Memory but the Abolition thereof has only found a name being called Oblivion The Cause of Foolishness is every great distemper of the brain which is known Foolishness by its Causes as by signs or some ill shaping of the Head which is easily discerned Dotage or Raving consists in absurd Thoughts Words or Deeds The Sayings Dotage of such as rave are estranged from Truth and Reason or not to the point in hand their Deeds are either unusual or undecent their Thoughts are absurd ridiculous and Chymerical The manner of Raving ought to be distinguished to know the differences of the Melancholy Melancholly which causes the same for a Delirium or raving with depravation of the Fansie is termed Melancholly which consists in a false Opinion touching things past present and to come which being manifold it is defined by vain fear anxiety or sorrow Again Melancholly is either Primary or Secondary The Primary has its Original in the brain the Secondary springs from the Hypochondriacal parts whence it is termed Hypochondriaca Melancholia which is either Humoral or Flatulent the former is the worse of the two and brings at last Madness and Out-ragiousness The Melancholy Ecstasie is an excess of Melancholy which is three-fold An Ecstasie Ecstasie simply so called an Ecstasie with silence an Ecstasie with a Frenzy they are caused by black Choler according to the divers degrees of its Adustion Foolishness with laughter is better and safer than with seriousness and fierceness Raving without a Feaver is so much the better by how much the Parts under the short Ribs or the Brain are less heated The Resting and binding up of the Sences is Natural Sleep The breaking off or hindrance of sleep is Watching Either of which being out of measure is hurtful Coma or Dead sleep If Sleep be profound 't is called Coma or Carus Dead-sleep If this Symptome be mixed of Sleep and Watching so that the Patient seems to incline to sleep with his Eyes shut but is not able to sleep it is termed Coma-Vigilans the Drowzy Watch. But if one that has a sleeping Disease upon him every time he is awakened does rave and talk idlely the Disease is called Typhomania And if a man lie stiff with his Eyes open and when he comes to himself remembers The Night-Mare what was done about him it is termed Incubus the Mare which is wont to happen in the right to such as lie upon their backs or have glutted themselves with feasting and it seems that they are choaked by some Devil lying upon them or by some Theif that has laid hold upon them to Rob and Murther them The abolition of al sence and motion saving Respiration is called Catalepsis or Catalepsis Catoche whereby a Man is Frozen as it were in that posture he was in when the fit seazed upon him It springs from a Cold distemper of the Brain with Flegm Carus is a deep Sleep which comes upon Feavers and wounds of the temporal Carus Muscles or from an hot and moist distemper or from much evaporation with serosities moistening the substance of the brain A Lethargy is an Imminution of sence and Motion and also of the Memory of A Lethargy necessary things It Springs from a Primary hot and moist distemper of the brain joyned with a putrid Humor which provoks a Feaver and cherishes and keepes it up a long time There is also Dotage adjoyned Touching this Disease there is a saying of Hyppocrates in his Coicks Page 75. Which explaines all the Symptomes thereof The existence or particular Nature of the Lethargy and Coma consists in a loosness as that of the Catalepsis in a Tension or bending Those that are in a Lethargick Sleep at last become Apoplectick An Apoplexy does oft times primarily and unexpectedly invade a Man and somtimes An Apoplexy it followes some other Sleepy disease It is an Abolition of sence and motion with respiration hurt which at last brings snoring and suffocation by reason thick Flegm flowing out of the Funnel and obstructing the Larynx or Wesand It is Caused by a Repletion of the Ventricles of the brain either with a pituitous or Wheyish Humor or with blood some smal Artery of the Rete Mirabile being broken in the Basis of the Brain or blood being carried aloft in a Plethorick body by the fourth Channel rushes into the Ventricles If it be Simple and meer Whey by strength of Nature out of
unto the Eye are Their Vessels more easily observed within the Brain than in the Eye after it is pulled out Neither is the motive Nerve so easily detected being dispersed among the Muscles as it is within the Brain while you observe its progress even to the very Eye-hole d f. 7. B B. f. 9. B B. â–¡ The Medicinal Consideration Although the Eye be but a smal Part of the body yet is there no Part aflicted There are diuers Diseases â—…e Eyes and destroyed with more Diseases And therefore the ancient Physitians when they had diligently examined the structure thereof they observed so many and so divers disorders in its Parts as did amount to about one hundred and twenty partly Diseases and partly Symptomes and distinguished them by their Proper Names which in other Parts they did not do And Rome and Alexandria had Physitians that attended only the Cure of the Eyes In imitation of them I shall Of which some are general of the whol Eye aâ— declare the disposition against Nature happening to the Eyes And because most of the Names are Greek few of them Latin and our Chyrurgeons use them after the example of Leonardus Fuchsius in his Medicinal Institutions I wil retain and use them as Latin Names An Arabian Physition Haly by Name has writ a Book by it self of Diseases of the Eyes and there is a considerable French Book of the same Argument written by Jacobus Guillemeau the Kings Chyrurgeon unto which you may add if you please the Author of Medicinal Definitions the Book of Galen touching the differences and Causes of Symptomes and a bastard Book de Oculis attributed to him The Eye therefore is afflicted either by being encreased or diminished in its Diseases of Magnitude Quantity The Eye is diminished when it consumes for want of nourishment its Magnitude is augmented when it swels without the Eye-hole or Socket It s Scituation is changed when it fals without the Eye-hole which Disease is Of Scituation termed Ecpiesmos or if it turn to one side or another as in Squint-Eyed People and in him that saw through his nostrils and was therefore called Rhinoptis There ought to be two Eyes and therefore he that wants one is diseased in Number Number and is called Monoculus Furthermore the Eye is troubled by an hot and a cold Distemper and by inflamation Distemper c. of the whol body which by putrefaction of the Humors is turned into an Impostume It is somtimes Ulcerated whence the Eye becomes spoiled and the sight diminished And in case an Inflamation of the whol Eye turn to Suppuration which is called Hypopyon and transparent matter be collected under the Cornea Tunica shewing that the other Humors are not putrified there is hopes the Patient may recover sight the quittor being let out by pricking the Cornea which is happily practised at Paris and so with the Quittor a watery Humor is let out as in the couching of a Cataract Besides these general Diseases al the Parts whereof the Eye is made up have â— Special Diseases of other Parts their Diseases and Symptomes which I will particularly and briefly explain beginning at the Eye-Lids Eye-Lids Diseases as Emphysema Hydatis A moist distemper of the Eye-Lids with wind or a flatulent Spirit is called Emphysema With much Wheyish Humors it s termed Hydatis and by Celsus Vesica and Aquula which does so load and depress the upper Eye-Lid that it cannot be lifted up An hot distemper of the Eye-Lid Joyned with a thick Humor is cald Sclerophthalmia Sclerophthalmia Xerophthalmia Psorophthalima Hard-eyedness A dry distemper without Humors is Xerophthalmia if it cause Itching Psorophthalmia Unto which may be referred the Phthiriasis or Lowsie-Evil of the Eye lid If the said said hot and dry distemper Joyned with a sharp Humor do cause Redness pain and falling of the Hairs it is called Ptilosis Milphosis or Madarrhosis Ptilosis If it make the Inside of the Eye-Lid rough its called Tracoma which if it be Tracoma Sycosis Tulosis Crithe Chalasionâ— great so as to resemble the smal Seeds that are in Figs it s cald Sycosis if it be hard and of long Continuance its Name is Tulosis A little Tumor upon the upper Eye-Lid springing from a thick Homor is called Crithe the Barly-Corn If it be greater and movable because of its likeness to hail it called Chalasion the Hail-Stone A Disease of the Eye-Lids in Contiguity is when the Eye-Lids stick unto the Anchiloblepharon Coat of the Eye or to one another which Disease is called Anchiloblepharon the cause whereof is an exulceration of the Coat or the Eyes or the Eye Lids the exulceration being caused by an hot and dry distemper with a sharp Humor Lagophthalmia is a Convulsion of the upper Eye-Lid or a drawing back thereof Lagophthalmia Ippos by reason of a Cicatrice or some seam Ippos is the trembling of the said Eye-Lid both these Symptomes come by Consent of the Brain affected and therefore they are dangerous Ectropion Inversion is a Disease of the lower Eye-lid in Scituation of Figure Ectropion it is caused by a Scar without or by an excrescence of internal Flesh Chalasis or the loolness of the Eye-Lid is caused either by a Palsie through Chalasis consent with the Nerves of the Brain or by a moist distemper of the Eye-Lid in both cases the Hairs are turned inwards The generation of the Hairs of the Eye-Lids being depraved is called Trichiasis Trichiasis Dystichiasis it is twofold when more are bredthan ordinary it s called Dystichiasis when there is a row of Hairs more than usual But when the natural Hairs are only longer and inverted t is caled Phalangosis in both these the Hairs prick the Eyes t is caused Phalangosis by a moist distemper of the EyeLids with much Humor which is not sharp Tear-Kernels Diseases The Caruncle or little bit of Flesh in the greater corner of the Eye makes a Tumor Euchantis against Nature which is called Euchantis the Diminution of the said Caruncle is termed Rhyas which causes a dropping of moisture from the Rhyas Eye Near the said Caruncle and the Nose there breeds an Impostum through Inflamation which is called Anchylops which being broken and turned into a Fistula is Anchylops Aegylops termed Aegylops The Diseases of the Muscles of the Eyes as distempers Laxity and solution of Continuity are distinguished by the Names of the Respective Symptomes Diseases of the Tunica Conjunctiva The hot distemper of the Conjunctive Coat with Humor as blood or Choler if it be light and proceeding from an external cause as the wind or dust or a blow is Taraxis called Taraxis But if it spring from an internal cause as a Plethora or Cacochymia it is termed Opththalmia When it is but beginning it is called Epiphora which is a Name Ophthalmia Epiphora common to an
somtimes Amaurosis Amaurosis Diseases and Symptomes of the Sight Sight abolished is called Caecitas Blindness when it is diminished only t is Caecitas Amblyopia Myopsis Nyctalops termed Amblyopia thick sightedness and it is accounted twofold Myopsis and Nyctalops In the former the Patient is Pore-blind and is fain to look close to what he would discern and to hold his Eye-Lids almost shut together In the latter the Patient can see only by day but very little or nothing at al by night or very obscurly the other differences of sight diminished are comprehended under the general name of Amblyopia Sight depraved is a fals perception of things before the Eyes its termed Parorasis Hallucination or Hallucination The Causes of these Symptomes are no other than those Diseases of the Eyes Causes of blindness of Anchylo-Blepharon which we have before recounted For the Cause of blindness is the Obstruction of the Optick Nerve Glaucoma Leucoma Hypopion Hypochyma Proptosis the larger Mydriasis a Pterygium or Film covering the whol sight of the Eye Anchylo-Blepharon or Gluing together of the Eye-Lids Imminution or Impairing of the sight is caused by the other Diseases of the Eye-Lids As by a thin Scar of the Cornea called Nephelion and Achlys and by a Leucoma and a smal Mydriasis which touches but Part of the Sight Myopsis Nyctâ—uopsis Dry distemper of the Humors of the Eyes cause Myopsis the over Humidity and thickness of the said Humors makes a Man that he cannot see in the Night The Causes of sight depraved is an Hypopion beginning or an Hypochyma Namely when the Humor is not yet united and grown together so that the visive Spirit can pass too and fro between the Parts of the Humor through the empty spaces whence it is that some see flies as it were and certain dark bodies move before their Eyes When true objects presented to the Eyes have a fals Appearance the sight is Hallucination Amalops depraved and termed Amalops so al things appear Yellow to such as have the Jaundice But that kind of Symptome happens when the Cornea which is spred out before the sight of the Eye is infected with Blood or Choler The Animal action of the Eye is hurt somtimes as Feeling and Motion the Eyes pain Feeling of the Eye is hurt by extream Pain thereof which notwithstanding according to the Judgment of Celsus remains within the Eyes and draws not the Brain into consent as Pain of the Eares is wont to do The Causes of al Pains in the Eyes is a distemper or Solution of Unity The hurting of the Eyes Motion is either a Palsie Convulsion or Trembling Palsie Convulsion Trembling In the Palsie and Convulsion the Eyes become stif and fixed in that sort of Convulsion called Tetanus they are unstable as in the Trembling The Natural Action of the Eyes is likewise hurt as Nutrition To the Jrregularity of the Excrements of the Eyes does belong the Involuntary shedding of Tears It s caused by a moist or cold distemper of the Eyes or from Flowing out of tears pricking by a sharp Humor or some external Cause or from the Erosion of that same Caruncle which is in the greater corner of the Eye Hereunto likewise belongs the filth of the Eyes which is by the Greeks called Laeimai Laeimai they are caused by an extream distemper of the Eye which makes a dissolution or melting down of matter The simple insirmities of the Eyes are the spotts and Scars of the Conjunctive Spots and Horny Coates which are both Diseases and Symptomes The Duskynes and obscurity of the Eyes is when the Bal of the Eye does not Obscurity represent any outward object to him that looks upon it which is a token of Death in an Acute Feaver Chap. 4. Of the Ear. THe Ear being the Instrument of hearing is divided into the a T. 20. f. 1. and 2. â–¡ External The Ears Parts Part broad and gristly and the b f. 3 4. c. â–¡ Internal which lies hid in the Os petrosum The external Part is termed c f. 1. and 2. â–¡ Auricula made up of a d f. 2. B B. â–¡ Gristle which is covered with a Skin ful of e f. 2. A A. â–¡ Folds and made hollow with divers f f. 1. A A. B B. â–¡ windings with an hole g f. 1. G G. â–¡ through the same placed upon the side of the Head just against the hole of Windings h f. 3. A. â–¡ Os Petrosum It is more beautyful when smal for a great pair of Asses Ears are uncomly The Ear was placed as it is for the Conveniency of hearing and if the Scituation of the Ear inverted would not have been deformed it had been more commodious for hearing then placed as it is upright and Joyned to the Temporal Bone For we see such as are thick of hearing put the hollow of their hand behind their Ear that they may hear the better In the Ear you shal observe two Parts one is called i f. 1. G. â–¡ Tragus and Tragus Antitragus the other k f. 1. D. â–¡ Antitragus the Names of the other Particles of the Ear are useless In the Auricula is conteined the first passage or Hole of the Ear and reaches Hole of the Ear as far as the m f. 4. B B. â–¡ Tympanum or Drum its entrance is fenced with Hairs to keep out dust and crawling Bugs that might otherwise enter in There is a T. 20. f. 3. C. â–¡ collected the Ear-Wax Cholerick Excrement of the Ear called Ear-Wax which Bird-Limes and intangles any Dust or creeping thing that would pass that way It s termed Marmoratum The internal Ear Concluded in the Os Petrosum is altogether boney and divided Concha into three Cavities The first Cavity is the b f. 6. B. C. f. 7. within A. B. â–¡ Concha In the extremity of the first c f. 4. B B. f. 5. B. â–¡ hole is the Membrane streched out which terminates upon the d f. 3 B. f. 4. A A. c. Drum it has a string that runs cross it as we see the Military Drums have The Drum l f. 3. B. f. 4. A. c. â–¡ Furthermore we observe three littel Bones the e f. 4. G. f. 5. E. f. 7. A. â–¡ Maller the f f. 7. B. â–¡ Anvil and the g f. 7. C. â–¡ Stirrup Four little Bones others ad a h f. 7. D. â–¡ fourth which is a little Scal of a bone such as is found in the Carotick Artery near the Os Sphenoides But this is vain and unuseful Fortunatus Plempius places another Membrane at the other extremity of the Concha but how or where it is extended he does not explain whether at the two petty windores whereof the one is the entrance of the labyrinth and the other of the Cochlea or
elsewhere It is a most hard peice of Service to find out and demonstrate the internal structure of the Ear. In the Skuls of i T. 8. f. 5. 6 7 8. â–¡ Infants and in a Calves-Head it is more easily observed by lifting up with a Pen-Knifes Edge that same portion of k T. 20. f. 10. B B. â–¡ Os Petrosum which within the Scul reaches unto the Basis of the Brain In the Concha you shal observe on the left side an Hole which passes into the winding Cavity of the Apophysis Mastoides or Teat-like Production The Auditory l T. 8. f. 1. F F. f. 3. R R. T. 20. f. 12. A A. B B. â–¡ Nerve being m f. 10. A A. â–¡ drawn through the n f. 7. D D. f. 9. A. f. 11. B D. â–¡ Cochlea when it is come to The Nerve the Concha it slips through an hole or o f. 8. A. B B. â–¡ Channel which opens on the right side of the Concha into the Pallate by the Process which is termed Apophysis Pterygoidea And this is the natural structure of the internal Ear for the finding out whereof we are obliged to Fallopius after Carpus who discovered those little bones the the Hammer and the Anvil The third namely the Stirrup Philippus Ingrassias brags to have himself first observed In living-Creatures there is an inbred and implanted Air in the Cavities of the Implanted Air Ears as there is a visive Spirit in the Eye shut up within the Cornea Tunica The Medicinal Consideration The Gristle of the external Ear if troubled with Pustles or Pushes is confused Diseases of the â—ar Swels is inflamed and exulcerated By cold it contracts Sphacelation is contracted and djes do what a Man can and it s somtimes cut of both in sick and in sound Persons Whence the Greek phrazes Coloâ—oma and Acrotiriasmenoi for persons that are Crop-Eard The greatness of the external Eare though it be ill favourd cannot be helped Parotis what it is The Swelling and Inflamation of the Kernels which are beside the Ears is termed Parotis which in regard or the narrowness of the place and nearness to the brain is not very safe happening upon an acute feaver though it have the name of Dioscouros or Castor and Pollux because of its good token for such it gives when it is critical proceeding from the strength of Nature and attended with light somness of the Patient following the same In Children and young People a Parotis does many times break forth void of danger caused by the over great moisture of their brains In the hollow behind the Ear according to the advice of Fernelius a Caustick must be applied in Diseases of the Ears and of the Eyes The first Auditory passage of the Ear because t is fleshy is obstructed by a Tumor Of the Auditory passage by a Caruncle or bit of Flesh growing up or by quittor Issuing out or by Fiâ—â—h or somwhat from without It is inflamed and impostumated and Exulcerated either of it self or by means of some eating Medicine poured into the Ear or by a Cholerick Humor wherefore Hippocrates saies that when Deaf persons fal into Cholerick Loosnesses their deafness is lessened or taken away and when their loosness is stopped their deafness returnes This passage is terminated inwardly by the Drum which either of it self and primarily or secondarily and by accident through consent of the Bowels but especially through fault of the Head is troubled with a very painful and dangerous Inflamation which draws the brain into Sympathy The internal Cavities because they have no Periostium are not pained unless Of the inner Cavities Of the Drum the Auditory Nerve be affected whose ofspring makes the Drum from its inflamation proceeds an Impostum and from that an Ulcer which tears asunder the Drum It is broken not only by an Ulcer but also by a blow and a vehement sound whence it is that those who dwel by the Fals of the River Nilus are al deafe by reason of Lovd roaring and Headlong fal of the flowing Water Also the loosness and over great moisture of the Drum is to be considered because it may Cause Deafness The proper Symptomes of the Ear are those which belong to the hurts of hearing Symptoms of the Action burt Deafness and the Irregularity of Excrements The heaâ—ing is hurt in a threefold Manner When it is abolished it is called Surditaâ— Deafness which if it come from the Womb and is born with the Patient it is incurable if it come by accident it may be curable Hearing diminished is called Barucoia thickness of hearing Thickness of Hearing Noise in the Ears Their Cause Hearing depraved consists in a noise and ringings or buzzings in the Ear t is called Paracousis The Causes of Deafness and Thickness of Hearing are the same save that they differ in Intension and Remission and therefore the foresaid Diseases of the Auditory passage and of the Drum may cause these Symptomes Paracousis or Noise in the Ears springs from a distemper of the drum being more moist or more dry than is fitting which as it causes a more exquisite sence than ordinary so also does it cause a ringing in the Ear as being affected with the very lightest motion of the internal implanted or external Air of while the spirits do continually flow into the Ears which cannot be conteined in so close a Room of some Spirit may stir it self within the Dug-like Cavity Several sounds are imagined in the Ears according to the various motion and mode of the flatulent Spirit which causes the same So that if it be thick whisperings are heard and Hummings if thin Hissings and when it moves by fits and starts it presents a tinkling as it were of bells Somtimes noises are imagined without any fault of the internal Eare by consent of the Head whiles the internal and external Arteries being hotter than ordinary do beat more violently than they are wont to do and do make a great sound in the Ears if the Patient do lie upon one of them The differences and Causes of this seeming Noise in the Ears are neatly expressed by Fernelius in his Pathologia In natural Deafness springing from mis-formation in the Womb and not from Their Cnâ—â— any of the Causes aforesaid whether may we experiment that which fel out unexpectedly wel to a certain Deafe man who thrusting an Ear-Picker very far into his Ear rent the Drum and Break asunder the smal bones and afterwards attained hearing Whether in a ringing of the Ear may the teat like Process be perforated to let out the Spirits which make a tumult in that Cavity Whether does the thickness of the Tympanum hinder Transpiration so that the flatulent Spirits cannot break out whether or no wil it avail to rub the extremity of the Auditory Channel behind the Grinding-Teeth with Mustard of some other opening Liquor The Irregulary of Excrements in the Ear is not only
and worn away In Scituation when they stand not close together or when the lower Teeth are not just against the upper or when the upper Teeth fal within the lower or when Teeth grow in the Palate of the Mouth Diseases common are when the Teeth Scale and moulder away with rotteness Symptomes of the Teeth are Setting on edge Tooth-ach or when they are broken Symptomes of the Teeth are the hurting of the proper and peculiar feeling of the Teeth which is called Haemodia Setting of the Teeth on Edge or the hurting of the common feeling of the Teeth which causes the Tooth Ach which is termed Odontalgia or Odontagra for the likness it has to pains of the Gout Pain of the Teeth is reckoned among the greatest torments which are in the world although a Tooth be so smal a Part. Celsus Book the sixt Chap. 9. Simple Affections of the Teeth are Blackness Rustyness and a clammy gluishness which Hippocrates counts the sign of a strong Feaver also a stony Crust which grows upon them Symptomes in the Irregularity of things voided are A Stinking of the Teeth Stinking Excrescence Worms Bleeding an excrescence and Worms which are bred within the Cavities of the Teeth or a flux of blood immoderately flowing after the drawing of a Tooth which is somtimes a cause of Death See Duretus in his Comments upon the Coicks of Hippocrates where he explains what is the grinding of the Teeth in Diseases Dryness of the Teeth in Sick people foretels a Convulsion or Madness It is worth the enquiry Whether into the plaee of a Tooth drawn out another Whether a Tooth may be fastened in the place of one drawn out may be thrust in at the same moment and fixed in the Room thereof so as to stick fast and be cloathed with the Gums flesh and to abide and serve to chew the Meat with the other Teeth He that shal consider that the Teeth have Life do receive Veins Arteries and Nerves do feel are pained and firmly tied and fastened with certain bands into the Gums wil never say that a strang Tooth thrust into the place of one pluckt out can be made so like to the other Teeth as to perform the same Office with them and stick there as long as they shal do Yet some Physitians in favour of a Norman Tooth-drawer would perswade Men that it is possible to substitute such a Tooth and they have upbraided me with Incredulity and Ignorance because I am not of their mind You are to consider the holes in the upper and lower Jaw-bone through which are drawn the Nerves Veins and Arteries which are inserted into the Roots of the Teeth In the upper Jaw there creeps an Artery which running towards the Eare is there burnt or seared up and to that place and upon the Temples an astringent plaster is laid to stop the Veins by which the Flux of Rheum does come There creeps an Artery in the Lower Jaw near the Corner which is to be seared where it beates or topicks are to be laid thereupon to ease the Tooth-Ach of the lower Jaw Somtimes a bony Fungus or Spungy substance grows out of the hole of a Tooth How the Spungy excrescence is taken out of the Tooth-hole and comes to be so big as to fil the Patients Mouth and at length to choak him if prevention be not used by cutting off the said excrescence and burning the Root thereof You shal observe that the brain hurts the Teeth by Distillation of Rheum the Stomach hurts them by Fumigation or raising fumes and steems which annoy them and that the Lungs likewise do in some Measure dammage the Teeth That there is a Regeneration of the Teeth and that Teeth grow out in every Age Whether Teeth do breed in al Ages of Man is most certain yet must we not rely upon this Regeneration of Teeth so as certainly to make account thereof and expect it after seven years are over To Clense the Teeth you shal find an Admirable Water in the 96. Counsel of ☞ Fernelius Chap. 9. Of the Gums THe Gums are certain parcels of Flesh folded about the Teeth which cover the The natural Constitution of the Gums Preternatural holes of the Teeth within and without but without they are wider and more swelling When this Flesh of the Gums grows Proud and covers the Teeth more than it should it causes pain and hinders Chewing also the Loosness of the said Flesh is troublesome because it makes the Teeth to become loose Inflamation of the Gums is called Parulis if the Flesh grow from an Ulcer it s Parulis Epulis Cancer termed Epulis Somtimes the Gums are Cancerated and somtimes they bleed immoderately The Gums are Eaten up by Ulcers called Aphthae in the Scurvy which the Old Physitians called Stomachache and Oscedo the Ulcers of the Gums are Malignant Somtimes these Aphthae or Ulcers of the Gums are so Malignant that they eate Apthae into the Tongue Vvula and Tonsillae without suspition of the Venereal Pox. such are described by Aretaeus and such appear in that strangling Spanish Disease which the Spanjards cal Garotillo and which is common to the inhabitants of Naples who cal it Vlcus Syrianum Faucium perhaps by reason of their Commerce with the Spanjards who are much subject to the Kings-Evil and therefore the Malignant Humor of the Kings-Evil does Produce such Symptomes in the Mouth and Jaws Chap. 10. Of the Palate THe Palate is the a T. 15. f. 5. L L. c. □ Vaulted Roofe of the Mouth which is a very thin bone The structure of the Palate cloathed with a b T. 13. f. 15. D. □ Nervous Skin which is wrinkled by reason of the Crevesses which are ingraven in the bone and therefore it sticks very hard to the bone which has no Periostium This most tender bone does many times become rotten in the Whores-Pocks It s Rottenness the Palate being boared through if care be not taken in time whether the infection be lodged in the Mouth or within the Nose which Hole so boared does much hinder the Patient in chewing of Meat and in speaking unless it be stopped with a plate Cotton or Spunge Chap. 11. Of the Uvula and Isthmus AT the inner part or further part of the c T. 13. f. 15. D. □ Palate hangs the d T. 13. f. 15. A. □ Gargareon or The Vse of the Vvula Vvula a Fleshy Particle which is given to mankind to help his speech and to some birds which imitate the speech of Man it hangs therefore at the farthest end of the Palate to help our speech being that to the voyce which the Quil is to the Musical Instrument whose strings are struck therewith It is therefore called the striker bp Paulus Aegineta in the 51. Chapter of his sixt Book It hinders liquid things from running back into the Nostrils and it purifies the Air which enters into
Cubiteus Internus Arm and being fastened unto the Cubit and to the fourth Wrist bone of the first Rank it is drawn out aloft The Radieus b T. 22. f. 1. M. â–¡ Internus having its original in the same place and being stretched Radieus Internus out upon the Radius is inserted into that bone of the Metacarpium which sustaines the fore Finger The Wrist is extended by two external Muscles which hold the same way with Wrist extenders the internal and are therefore called by the same names The Radieus c T. 22. f. 3. H. â–¡ externus or Bicornis takes its rise from that bony point which is Radieus Externus in the Arm above the Knob thereof and resting upon the Radius it sends forth a double Tendon the one of which is inserted into the Wrist bone lying under the Radius the other into that bone of the Metacarpium which is seated under the fore Finger Some wil have this Muscle to be a double one because it appears wholly distinct in its original and insertion For that which is carryed to the Wrist grows out of the bony point of the Arm the other arises out of the external Knob of the Arm and extends the Metacarpium with the Wrist It has its Tendons separated and inclosed in peculiar cases and sheaths which are of a sinewy Gristly substance without the Ring faâ—…iond Ligament of the Wrist The Cubiteus d T. 22. f. 3. G. â–¡ externus arising from the outward Apophysis of the Arm and Cubiteus externus being carryed along the Cubit it inserts its Tendon into the fourth bone of the Metacarpium Scituate beneath the little Finger Chap. 27. Muscles of the Palme of the Hand IN the Palm or Hollow of the Hand are found two notable Muscles which are termed the Palmar Muscles the one of which is short the other long The long Palmar Muscle growing out of the a T. 22. f. 1. K. â–¡ inner side of the knob of the Long Palmar Muscle Arm is spred into the hollow of the Hand as far as the first Articulation of the Fingers In its original it is Fleshy and presently after lessens it self into a smal Tendon which passing above the Ring-shap'd Ligament of the Wrist and not included with the rest of the Tendons it is widened into a sinewy Membrane which is so firmly fastened unto the Skin to make the sence of feeling the more quick and that the Hand may hold things the faster that it is a very hard thing to sever it from the Skin Besides the Palmar Muscle in the hollow of the Hand a Certain peice of Flesh Short Palmar Muscle four Square of a Thumbs breadth is found upon the Ring-shaped Ligament which is redder then the Flesh between the Thumb and the middle Finger and is somtimes single and somtimes double looking like two Muscles and being carryed under and implicated with the Palmar Muscle it seems to take its rise from the Root of the Fleshy part of the Hand called Thenar and to be inserted into that same eigth bone of the Wrist which is placed out of order It s Office is to hollow the Hand and so to make Diogeness his Dish to drink on of together with the Muscles of the Thumb and the Hypothenar This Muscle shal be named Palmaris brevis the short Palm Muscle Chap. 28. Muscles of the Fingers THe Fingers are bended stretched out and moved sidewaies Four Finger benders There are two Muscles which bend the four Fingers viz. The Musculus Subâ—imis and the Musculus Profundus The Sublimis arises from the inner b T. 22. f. 1. O. f. 5. A. â–¡ part of the inner knob of the Arm and produces Sublimis foure a T. 22. f. 5. a a a a. â–¡ Tendons about the Wrist which are terminated at the second Articulation of the Fingers and have holes bored in them to give passage to the Tendons of the Musculus Profundus The Profundus springs out of the b T. 22. f. 1. P. f. 5. B. â–¡ upper parts of the Cubitus and Radius and Profundus being c T. 22. f. 5. b b b b. â–¡ divided into four it is carryed through the holes of the Tendons of the Sublimis unto the third Articulation of the Fingers Do but observe the Industry of Nature who to the end the Fingers might be rightly bended on the inside according to their length she has framed a Channel of most hard Membranes resembling Ligaments which Channel does straitly infold the Tendons of the Musculus Profundus and Sublimis least in the bending of the Fingets the Tendons being bowed should be drawn out of their place and like ropes rise up and lift up the Skin And although the Tendons be closely comprehended within the said Channel yet have they their freâ— course and passage because the Channel is smeared with a fat aâ—d Oyly Humor Out of the very Tendons of Musculus profundus by the Wrist do arise the Lumbricales four d T. 22 f. 5. C C C C. â–¡ Lumbricales being firmly fastened thereunto and carried to the first Articulation of every Finger where they unite themselves to the Interosseans The Muscles which extend the Fingers are Common and proper Extenders Extensor Magnus â— I cal them common which serve the four Fingers such as the Extensor magnus Digitorum the great extender of the Fingers or which beside extension do cause other motions as the Lumbracales and Interossei joyned together The proper are they which belong and are attributed only to certain Fingers as the Extensor Indicis stretcher out of the fore Finger and the Extensor Auricularis stretcher out of the little Finger Magnus Extensor Digitorum the great a T. 22. f. 3. K. â–¡ Finger stretcher arises out of the outward Knob of the Arm and by the b f. 3. e. â–¡ Wrist is cloven into four c f. 3. f f f f. â–¡ Tendons which end into the two lower Joynts of each Finger The Fingers are moved sidewaies which motion is commonly termed adduction Side way movers and Abduction The Adduction or drawing to is when they are drawn towards the Thumb Abduction or drawing from is when they are moved sidewaies from the Thumb And this motion is performed by the Interossean Muscles of which there are Interosseans three d f. 4. I I I I. â–¡ External and as many e f. 2. f f f f. â–¡ Internal spred in the spaces between the Bones of the Metacarpium They arise from the upper Parts of the said bones near the Wrist and in the first Internodeum or space between the Joynts with a very smal Tendon they creep side longs over the three bones of the Fingers until they come unto the Roots of the Nailes in the former and upper Part whereof the Tendons being first united are terminated And therefore the Interossean Muscles acting together
214 Isthmus defined its diseases Page 205 K Kibes where bred and whence they arise Page 213 Kidneyes The substance of them their temper Scituation greatness number shape colour and vessels Page 67 68 Kidneyes How shaped in children Page 68 Their internal structure admirable its Basin teats sieve and infirmities ibid The falling down of them their swelling stoppage alter vein opened action hurt c. Page 69 Stones bred therein when cureable by incision ibid Kidneyes Their consumption and who most subject thereunto c ibid Kidnies Weakness when a dropsie proceeds therefrom how it is to be cured ibid Kings-Evil What it is and how its swellings differ from Bronchocele Page 201 Knees Whence that sympathy between them and the Cheeks proceeds Page 284 Its ligaments Page 283 L Labor hard in Child-bearing helps to further it Page 89 Larynx Or head of the Wind-pipe its scituation Gristiles motion muscles and diseases Page 207 208 222 Leg The two bones thereof Page 17 It s several Muscles and motion Page 235 c. Lethargy What it is and whence Page 133 Ligament its definition Page 27 Ligament Why it is interposed between the Radius and the Cubitus Page 280 Limbs being the third part of the Sceleton how to be considered Page 15 their division ibid c. and 211 Limbs upper and inferior Page 24 Method of handling them and parts of which they are compounded and their several diseases Page 212 c. Veins Arteries and Nerves belonging to them Page 254 c. Linea Candida which is the true one Page 249 Lips Their description Page 194 Lips Their Muscles are two common to both Page 220 Their use and diseases Page 196 197 Liver Its substance colour scituation bigness lobes or laps regions vessells and diseases Page 57 58 Its communion with other parts Page 58 Its action and symptoms Page 58 59 Liver whether the roots of Cava and Porta are united therein Page 58 Liver Not the original of Vena Cava Page 64 It is the original of Vena Porta Page 108 Lordosis A disease and where Page 278 Lousie Evil what kind of Symptom it is Page 121 Loynes The parts thereof name with its etymology parts bordering upon them Page 90 91 Loyns Their pains the speciall causes thereof the Authors method in treating thereof Page 91 92 Loynes their structure c. Page 276 Lungs or Lights Their Substance Vessels Scituation Motion Division â—…shape Membrane Peculiar manner of nourishment and diseases Page 102 103 Lungs their excellency and why they are so subject to fluxions in the diseases thereof whether blood-letting be approveable Page 104 Lungs their consumption and some causes thereof ibid Lungs why distinguished into lobes or laps Page 105 Luxation or Disjoynting what kind of disease it is Page 266 Luz a bone so called and a fable of the Cabalists touching the same Page 275 M Maidens French why they have their right shoulder higher then the left Page 280 Maleoli what they are Page 285 Man wel formed how many things to be consideerd in him Page 29 30 Massa carnea what it is and its use Page 239 Masseter or Chaw Muscles what they are Page 221 241 Men broad shouldered whether they begen large children Page 279 Men why so few that can use both hands alike Page 280 Marrow of the Bones threefold and whether it be compast with a membrane Page 263 Marrow spinal its natural constitution original progress and dignity c. Page 276 277 Meatus Hepaticus and Cysticus what they are Page 59 60 Meazles and smal Pox whence they proceed Page 90 Mediastinum what it is its Cavity and diseases Page 98 100 Melancholy its definition Page 132 Membrane what it is its Names Substance Original Temper Scituation Number Figure Colour Connexion Communion Action Vse Page 27 36 37 Membrane its Medicinal consideration Page 37 38 Membrane common of the Muscles Page 38 Meninges what they are Page 121 Mesenterium what it is its scituation Structure Vessels Vse Diseases Page 48 49 How the milkie Veins thereof are affected Page 49 50 Metacarpium what it is and of how many Bones it consists Page 281 Midrif or Diaphragme its Scituation Substance Shape Vessels Motion how it moves in resptration and its diseases Page 101 192 Its Original from the Circumference of the bastard Ribs and its Vse Page 231 The Muscles thereof Page 231 Mouth-palate the Muscles thereof Page 223 Muscle in the general what it is its definition Substance Temperature Original and insertion Quantity Number Figure Belly Head Tendon Color Connexion Communion Action Diversity how it is known Page 38 39 Muscles particular of several parts Page 218 219 c. Muscular dissection an Introduction thereunto shewing an accurate Method to cut up the Muscles of the whole Body Page 239 240 c. Muscles of the Radius Wrists Fingers and Thumb the best way to dissect them Page 248 N Nailes their diseases Page 212 Navil what it is Its vessells use and Medicinal consideration Page 44 45 Neck Its use length parts vessels kernels and medicinal consideration Page 200 201 The Muscles thereof eight Page 224 Nerve its definition Page 27 Nerves or sinews contained within the Chest eight remarkable ones their names Page 116 117 Nerves how many of them proceed from the spinal marrow Page 277 Night-mare what Affect so called Page 132 Nose Its scituation magnitude shape cavities bones gristles membrane Muscles and diseases Page 197 198 Its muscles common and proper Page 220 Its diseases Page 198 Nose-bleeding the causes thereof and cure Page 198 199 Nostrills The passages from them to the palate Page 269 Nympha in young women what it is Page 81 O Oesophagus or Gullet its membrane kernells and obstruction Page 289 Omentum what it is it 's scituation original diseases 45 46 see Cal. Ophiasis what kind of disease it is Page 120 Osteologia nova or a new history of the bones Page 260 c. Os Hyoides Its scituation structure fastening and why it hath many ligaments Page 271 Os Hyois What it is its parts Basis and Horn Error of Anatomists concerning it and its Muscles Page 12 13 221 Os Sacrum and Os Coccyx what they are Page 23 How the motion of the Os Sacrum is performed Page 42 Oscheocele What kind of rupture Page 78 P Palate Its structure and rottenness Page 204 Its Muscles two Page 223 Palsy what it is and whence it proceeds Page 134 Pancreas What it is its substance scituation vessels new channel use 50 see Sweet-bread Parotis what it is Page 192 Its constitution Page 241 Parts of the Body sollid how many fold similar what and how many Page 26 c. Parts Organical what how many what to be observed in each of them Page 28 Patella What its connection use Vesalius his opinion touching the same Page 284 Pectorall Muscle described Page 245 Pelvis and glandula pituitaria what they be Page 124 Pericardium What it is how inflamed ful of humor deficient of
by their inbred virtue Their Action implanted in them to that end wherefore they receive the seminal matter and when it is sufficiently prepared that is to say when it is impregnated with the Generative Spirit they transmit the same into the Jaculatory Vessels and the Jaculatory Vessels carry it into the Seminary Bladders e f. 2. D D. â–¡ c f. 1. V V. f. 3. E. f. 4. D D. â–¡ d f. 1. c c. f. 3. and 4. c c c. Chap. 35. Of the Vessels which carry the true Seed of the Seed-Bladders and the Prostatae or Auriliaries IT remaines now that we Speak of the Vessels which carry the Seed to the Bladder and of the a T. 6. f. 5. F F. f. 6. G G. â–¡ Prostatae or Assistants That same b T. 6. f. 1. V V. f. 3. E. f. 4. D. â–¡ carrying Vessel which is Ejeculatory Vessels called Ejaculatorium and takes its original from the Epididymis is in its Rise very ful of c f. 3. and 4. c c. f. 5. C. â–¡ windings and wrinckled Those Wrinkles being smoothed out do make the Vessel twice as long as before Why Wrinkled Those Wrinkles are made to retain the most subtile Spirit of Generation which How the Seed is voided breakes forth violently in the act of Generation with a thin subtile and spirituous matter which is mixed with that same other Excrementitious Seminal matter which is conteined in the little d T. 6. f. 5. and 6. E E. â–¡ Seed-Bladders so that they flow both together into the e f. 5. K K. â–¡ Vrethra or Piss-Pipe And as in the Act of Generation that same most thin and pure Spirit leaps forcibly with the matter out of the Testicls so by help of the f f. 1. a a. b b. f. 5. H H. I I. â–¡ Muscles of the Yard the Seminal matter which is conteined in the littlie Bladders is also cast forth For I make account that their is a three-fold Seminal matter one most pure Matter of the Seed threefold which is made and kept in the Stone the other is Superfluous and Excrementitious yet of use for the forming of the Conception which is thrust away by the Stones and slides leasurly into the little Seed-Bladders for it is not probable that the most pure Seminal matter and the Spirit which is the Auther of Generation should be conteined amids the Nastyness of the Dung and Urine The third Seminal matter is an Oyly Substance which leasurely dropping out does moisten the a T. 6. f. 5. K K. â–¡ Vrethra or Piss-Pipe in Men and the b T. 7. f. 2. y. â–¡ Sheath of the Womb in Women also it comes away by it self when the Yard is distended through lust and in strong imaginations of the matters tending to Generation and somtimes at the sight of a beautyful Woman It is a Question whether this Oyly substance do flow out of the little Seed-Bladders or from the c T. 6. f. 6. f. 5. F F. f. 6. G. G. â–¡ Glandules of the Prostatae which contein in them a Seminal matter which is sent forth through smal pores beneath the Knob of the Vrethra The Matter which is conteined in the little Bladders is forcibly cast out by way of Ejaculation or Squirting through the holes which are near the foresaid knobby wart of the Vrethra Before the little Bladders be removed you shal observe how they are covered Whence the Texture of Veins among the Seed-Bladders round about and hidden under a Multitude of little Veins scattered round about them Whether they be Veins or Arteries what they serve for is not yet certainly known Whether to supply matter to those Parts viz. The Seed-bladders that it may be thence transmitted to the Protastae to be further Elaborated Touching this wonderful Intertexture of Vessels we can as yet determine nothing In the Prostatae and in the Seed-Bladders is the seat of the venemous Genorrhea The seat of a Virulent Gonorrhea which if it be unseasonably stopped the venom is communicated to the whol body or flowes back into the stones and causes a Tumor in them or if it extend so far as the Perineum unless it be naturly repelled it causes an Impostum and eates into the Vrethra or Piss-Pipe You shal do wel to consider whether it be safe in a virulent Gonorrhea to open a Vein in the Arm if the arder in these places be light and without a Feaver In my what Vein to be opened in the Cure thereof opinion it is better to take blood from the Foot because the Saphena takes its rise near the Groin and bestowes two branches upon those Parts and therefore large bleeding in the Foot when the Buboes break out does powerfully revel Few or none except Julianus Palmarius a Physitian of Paris and Fallopius an Italian are for Blood-letting in the Arm in such Cases for it is held unsafe for fear of the Whores-Pocks by reflux of the venemous Humor into the Bowels and habit of the Body The Medicinal Consideration The Diseases of those Seed-Vessels Seed-Bladders and of the Auniliary Glandules Diseases of these Parts are Distempers or Prostatae are an hot or cold Distemper which cause a corruption of the Seminal matter either from an internal or an external Cause Also the Laxity of those Parts causes an involentary shedding of the Seed which Laxite whence Gonorrhea is called a Simple or single Gonerrhea or when it is with pain and inflamation being caused by infection of a Pocky Whore it is called Gonrrhaea Virulenta the venemous Gonerrheae The flux of Seed which happens to some in their sleep is called Oxynorrigmos it comes from the aboundance of hot and Spirituous Seed The Oyly subctance is exceeding needful for in Men through want of the said Humor The Oyly Substance how needful either the sharpness of Urine hurts the Vrethra or Piss-Pipe or it cannot freely pass neither can the Seed be forcibly cast out as Galen hints and I have known in many who were cured with a liberal moistening Diet a Bath to sit in and Oyl of sweet Almonds Squirted into the Vrethra with a Syringe With the same Humor the Womans sheath is moistened in such as are lustful and it drops away by it self without the Ejaculation of Seed The Action of the Yard is not to transmit the Urine but to Ejaculte or Squirt Action hurt whence Barrenness the Seed into the Womb of the Woman If it cannot perform that Office it causes Barrenness which depends either upon the Yard by reason of the Ligaments which cannot be blown up so as to raise the Yard or because of the weakness or Palsie of the Muscles of the Yard or upon the Stones being colder then they ought to be or being too Flaggy or less or greater then is usual or upon the ill shapeing of the Spermatick Vessels as in case the Arteries be wanting or upon the
defect or faultines of the matter If the Man be Sickly or the Women have not her health the Cause of Barrenness is attribted to an evil disposition of the whol Body which makes that fitting and convenient matter to make Seed of Cannot be from thence supplied to the genital Parts Neither is fruitfulness and Conception to be expected unless the Man and Woman be restored to perfect health and unless the fault of the Genitals if there be any be amended Chap. 36. Of the Genital Parts of a Woman and first of the External THe Genital parts of a Woman are divided into the external and internal The External Genital Parts internal prepar Seed or somwhat like seed and aford place for the Conception The External Parts are visible and must be viewed before we come to Section Let us therefore stay a whil in the porch before we pass into that sacred Cave or Closet of the Womb. That outward Part which is adorned with Hair is called Pubis the Share that Pubis Cunnus I conceive thâ— Term Cunnus derived from the Greck Connos a beard does properly signifie the Hair about the Female Privity not the Orifice it self but only by a Metonymy of the Adjunct for the Subject Carunculae Myrtiformes Passage which is shut with two Valves or folding Doors whence the name Vulva is called in Latin a T. 7. f. 5. F F. â–¡ Cunnus in English the Cunny or Water-Gate The Valves are termed Labra Cunni the b f. 5. B B. â–¡ Lips of the Cunny or the Doors of the Water-Gate These Lips being drawn aside the c f. 5. C C. â–¡ Nymphae come in sight which are pretty firm Membranous excrescences broader towards the top At the top of the Nymphes we meet with a little fleshy Knob covered with a thin Skin which is called d f. 4. I I. K f. 5. A. â–¡ Clitoris The Nymphae being drawn asunder the Carunculae e f. 5. D. E E. â–¡ Myrtiformes that is smal portions of flesh like Myrtle-berries come to be seen whereof two are lateral seated on each side the third lies beneath toward the Fundament and the fourth is alwaies placed at the extremity of the Vrethra or Piss-pipe In Virgins the Lips are straiter then in other Females and when their Thighs are opened wide they appear stretched or bent The inferior Membrane of the Nymphes is also in Virgins bent and stretched out but in their defloration and by frequent carnal conjunction it is depressed those Connexions are wholly Obliterated in Women which have brougth forth Children And these Parts may be seen in those which are living And if you shal thrust Neck of the tromb your Finger into a Womans a T. 7. f. 2. Y. â–¡ sheath or Scabberd that is the Neck of her Womb you wil feel it b T. 7. f. 3. E E. â–¡ Wrinkled and if you carry your Finger higher you wil find the c T. 7. f. 3. D. â–¡ in most Orifice of the Womb for so faâ— a long Finger is able to reach All that space is called Collum d T. 7. f. 2. Y. f. 3. E E. â–¡ Vteri the Neck of the Womb or the Sheath of the Mans Yard because it receives the Yard like a sheath or Scabbard in the Act of Generation In Virgins after the Nymphes we meet with a Membrane or thin Skin drawn before Hymen the Orifice peirced through with a very little hole This Membrane is called e T. 7. f. 7. A. â–¡ f. T 7. f. 5. B B â–¡ Hymen If this be found we find no Carunculae Myrtiformes if this be not found those Myrtle formed smal portions of flesh are so swelled that they fil the whol Orifice or passage into the Womb â—o that you can Scarse put in your little Finger without paining the party so great is the narrowness of this passage by reason of the foresaid Caruncles or Myrtle-Shap'd fleshy Excreâ—cences being united together by certain Membranes It is to be observed that those Myrtle-shap'd little bitts of flesh are wholly obliterated in Child-birth and not to be seen until the external Orifice of the Womb begin to contract it self again and to grow strait which argues that they are nothing but plaites or Fouldings-in of this Orifice which are unfolded and stretched or smoothed in the time of Travail that the Child may more freely come forth even as the Neck of the Womb is very thick that it may be the more easily widened in the Birth Hence I conjecture and conclude that these Carunculae may more fitly be termed Carnositates and Plicaturas Orificii externi certain fleshynesses and foldings of the external Orifice of the Womb. These things being thus observed we must proceed to dissection that the structure Lips of the Womb. of these Parts may be discovered The f Lips of the Womb are made up of the Cuticula or Scarf-Skin and the Skin on which the Haires grow and they have underneath Fat and a fleshy Membrane which seemes to be of the Nature of a Muscle It seemes to be spred in that place that it may serve to draw the Lips together but inasmuch as it reaches into the Clitoris it does in some sort resemble the Muscles of a Mans Yard Yet those in the Clitoris are different from the other Those who have their Privity plumpe and Pappy and the Lips thereof thick the motion of their Muscles is very smal and hard to be discerned The Nympha a T. 7. f. 5. C C â–¡ in young Women is soft but as they grow in Years and by frequent The Nympha Copulation it is hardened and becomes almost like a Gristle It is a production of the Skin of the Lips or by Nature so made and there placed to direct the stream of the Urine b T. 7. f. 4. I I. K. f. 5. A â–¡ Clitoris being the seat of Lasciviousness and Lust in Women that delight in The Clitoris mutual confrictions is termed Tontigo or the Womans Yard It is made up of two Nervous Ligaments not at al hollow as those of the Mans Yard they proceed from the Tuberous or bunching Part of the Huckle-bone and when they are come so far as where the bones of the Pubes are joyned together they receive another body placed between them which is white and being joyned together they make up the Clitoris which imitates a Mans Yard as the Brests of Men have a resemblance to Womens Dugs The Ligaments of the Clitoris have Muscles fastened unto them as in Men proceeding from the same place as those in Men and they are covered with Skin and that Skin in the extremity or end thereof is folded back like a Mans Fore-Skin Not without cause therefore is this Part called the Womans Yard or Prick The round c T. 7. f. 2. S S. f. 3. and 4. F F. â–¡ Ligaments of the Womb do reach unto this Part whence it comes