of their forces watches duties payes c. Quotidianas etjam in pace vtgiliaâ— item excubitum sive angarias de omnibus centuriis contubeâ—niis quae vicissim milâ—tes faciunt ut nè quis contra justinam praegravetur aut alicui prastetur immunitas nomina eorum qui vices suas facerunt brevibus inferuntur Veg. lib. 2 cap. 19. record of the lists of the guards convoyes and other services He is to go every evening to receive the orders and the word and having given it to the Generall and Lieutenant Generall he is to give it to the Quartermaster Generall that he may distribute it Sometime he hath a companie of harquebusiers given him in acknowledgement of his merit not as annexed to his place In all actions he is of singular use entrusted especially with the execution of the orders In appointing the lodgings or places in severall exploits he must be free from partialitie and such as at this time have cause of discontent he must make amends the next that so they may see it was of necessitie not of partialitie His place is of very great use and importance as will appear throughout this discourse CHAP. V. Of the Quartermaster Generall THe Quartermaster Generall must be a man of great dexteritie and diligence and well experienced in Cavallrie a This officer among the Romanes was called Prafectus castrorum Ad quem castrorum positio valli fossae destinatio pertinebat Tabernacula vel casa militum cum impedimentis omnibus nutu ipsius curabantur Veget. lib. 2. cap. 11. It is his office to appoint the lodgings or quarterings wherefore he must well know the countrey the villages and places where to place the corps-du-gards and sentinells and what wayes must be scoured He is to keep a list of the guards convoyes cavalcadoes or exploits by horse c. He must visit the guards and sentinells by day and night and must shew the allarm-place to the particular Quartermasters when they go to him in the evening to receive the word He must by b Itineraria non tantùm adnotata sed etiam picta habeat ut non solùm consilio menris verùm aspectu oculorum viam profecturis locúmque castris idoneum eligat Ibid. lib. 3. cap. 6. maps or otherwise be well informed of the countrey knowing the qualitie and bignesse of every village and their distance one from another obtaining from the Marshall of the field some one of the countrey to inform him He must be true in his reports and if any order for haste be given him by word of mouth himself must go and deliver it and not trust it to others On the Spanish side in the Low-countrey warres the Quartermaster Generall hath two assistants allowed him to help to discharge the travells of his office but on the States side that service is performed by the particular Quartermasters CHAP. VI. Of the Captain SInce that the a So Melzo and Baila testifie and complain of it in their writings Captains places have been disposed of by the Prince as the Captains in Flanders are appointed at the Court of Spain there are grown these two inconveniences upon it First young and unexperienced gentlemen are made Captains Secondly many good souldiers are lost which seeing their hopes of advancement by degrees and merit cut off abandon the service Whereas the charge of a Captain of horse is of so great importance and qualitie in the army as it should not be given to any but to men of singular valour and experience for often it falleth out that of themselves without orders or counsel of any other as occasion requireth they must execute services of great weight and consequence b Dux itaque vigilans sobrius prudens c. Veg. lib. 3. cap. 9. Sit agilis magis ad faciendum quà m ad loquendum paratus qui suos ad disciplinam retineat ad armorum exercitia cogat ut bene vertiâ—â— sint ut arma omniâ—m defricentur aâ— splendeant Cum admiratione equum posâ—nt asscendere equitare fortissâ—â—è conto scunter uti ad omnia cruditi qua equestrâ— puâ—â—a deposcit Veg. lib. 2. cap. 14 He must be vigilant sober continent modest in his apparell curious to have good horses and arms thereby to give example to his souldiers and to see them punctuall in their service and exactly observant of discipline for their excursions and extortions cannot be remedied unlesse the Captain keep them in order wherein if he be negligent he looseth his reputation with his superiours If he be covetous or given to gaming he is ready to be drawn to lay hands oftentimes on the pay due to the souldiers whereby he also overthroweth his reputation and credit A covetous desire of riches should not enter into a generous heart He must diligently and punctually observe the orders which shall be given or sent him from his superiours and be in the place at the appointed houre with his companie and others under his charge On all occasions he must be first on horseback and keep his company full and compleat He must alwayes strive by desert to advance himself to higher places alwayes studying how to endammage his enemy to this end he ought often to c Praecipua res titilitas ducis est ut adhibitis 〈◊〉 universo exercitu scuntibus viris de suis hollium còptis sapius tractet c. Veg. lib. 3. cap. 9. consult with his best experienced souldiers He must endeavour to know every one of his souldiers by their d Sciat etiam si potest fieri nominatim qâ—is comes quis tribunus quis domesticuaâ— quis contubernaâ—is c. Ibid. cap. 10. names that so he may distinctly name them upon occasion of employment it being an encouragement to them to be known by name of their Captain Whatsoever should befall he must e Nam necesse est ad fugam parati sint qui ducem suum sentiant desperare Veg. lib. 3. cap. 22. take heed of discovering any fear on whose courage and countenance the souldiers depend and must alwayes shew a good resolution in the orders which he shall give without confounding himself knowing that there is no place for counsel in him who hath his discourse of reason seazed by fear He must f Serenâ—os viros muneribus honorabis c. Ità enim fiet ut majori fortiorique animo sint qui dimicabunt Ubi enim honores pramia habentur bonis supplicia poena afferuntur malis ibi bonam spem habebit exercinus Leo Tact. cap. 16. cherish his well deserving souldiers and cashiere the contrary and it must be his care to have one or more of his souldiers well g Tuum hostium exercitum locorum situm naturam regionis nosce Liv. 22. skilled in the wayes of the countrey to serve him as guides because the boots are neither alwayes at hand nor alwayes to be trusted and to such he is to
the souldiers behind him b Optimus cujúsque decuria praponi duâ—tor caterorum omnium esse debet Aelian cap. 5. Curandum ut etiam jugum secundum milita conilet idoneo Ibid cap. 13. The reason is because the first rank being the edge it must be made good by the second and the rest if occasion be those before him must be of the best armed and most couragious He must also keep a list of the company to send so many to the guard as the Captain or Lieutenant shall appoint Once a day at the Lord Generalls first passing by the troop he is to do obeysance by inclining the cornet towards the ground CHAP. IX Of the particular Quartermasters THe a The particular Quartermasters the Romanes called Metatores Veg. lib. 2. cap. 7. Also Mensores qui in castris ad podismum dimetiuntur loca in quibus milires tentoria figant vel hospitia in civitatibus praestam Ibid. Metatores sive mensuratores praemittes qui castrorum ambitum in quo castra ponentur dimetiantur certam quandam mensuram cum proportione justa unicuique turma tribuant Leo Tact. cap. 9. 7. particular Quartermasters should be men so qualified as reasonably they might pretend the Cornet and in absence of the Cornet might command the company When all the companies are lodged together they accompany the Quartermaster Generall in making the quarters but being to be lodged in severall places as often it happeneth some accompany the Lieutenant Generall others the Commissary Generall Where a Captain commandeth the quarter the particular Quartermaster of that respective company maketh the quarter There is much fidelity required in them in consideration of distributing the word and the billets They use also to distribute the souldiers pay in the King of Spains warres but on the States side the clerks of the company onely meddle with the souldiers pay and account to their Captain having a cuirassiers pay and being exempted from bearing arms or doing the duties of a souldier In going with the Quartermaster Generall to make the lodgings the Quartermaster must be very diligent taking with him one or two souldiers such as the Lieutenant shall appoint him which shall return to their company and conduct them to their quarter CHAP. X. Of the Corporalls COrporalls are very usefull in a troop of horse They must assist the Lieutenant in placing the sentinells when the souldiers of their particular squadron are to perform that service The harquebusiers are usually sent to discover or scoure the high-wayes and to be forerunners or scouts under the charge of one of their Corporalls a Mistakes in such as are sent out to discover do often bring much trouble upon the army and shame upon themselves A memorable example hereof is recorded by Phil. de Comines of the Burgundians who taking a field of great thistles to be a grosse of their enemies lanciers reported it so to their Chiefs and caused a great hurly-burly in the whole army Lib. 1. cap. 11. for which respects he must be a man of experience Some passage or place of importance being to be guarded a Corporall is sent thither with his squadron He must be able to write and reade keeping a list of his squadron The Captain alloweth him half a place of forrage and a share of 10. per cent CHAP. XI Of the Trumpeters IT is not enough that a Trumpeter know how exactly to sound all the severall sounds of the trumpet but he must also be discreet and judicious not onely to be fit to deliver embassies and messages as they ought but at his return to a Ne manco si lasci troppo usare la frequentia di venire trombetti tamburri perche in ques essercito tall'-hora son huomini molto astuti pratichi da poterti nocere assai G. Cataneo di fortif ' cap. 4. report what he hath observed concerning the enemies works and guards and what he hath further gathered and spied To do this he must be wittie and subtile knowing how to invent and affirm things which are not artificially concealing whatsoever passeth among those of his own side He must sound the b That is set on the saddle being the first sound when the horse are to march the next is a chevall that is mount on horseback the third and last is a standart that is repair to your Cornet See chap. 32. boutezselle precisely at the houre appointed him and when the Cornet giveth him the list of the guards he must signifie it unto them One Trumpeter must alwayes lodge with the Cornet to whom the Captain is to give means for his entertainment He must alwayes have his trumpet about him to have it ready at a sudden allarm CHAP. XII Of the Auditor ON the Spanish side in the Low-countreys the Cavallrie have an Auditor by themselves who must be a man of great integritie well seen in the laws and of great practice In the absence or the Auditor Generall he supplieth his place He heareth and judgeth the causes of the Cavallrie and maketh report of all that passeth to the Generall or the Lieutenant Generall in his absence without whose order he cannot execute any of his sentences The Cavallrie lying in garrison he condemneth not to death without reporting first to the Lord Generall and Auditor Generall He is to keep near the person of the Generall or Lieutenant Generall who are to see him duely respected He is to take notice of the prices of victuall which are brought to the quarter of horse that they be sold at a reasonable rate and to see that the victuallers suffer no extortion by the Provost Marshall or his officers But in the States army the horse and foot have but one Auditor or Fiscall Generall who passeth no sentence himself but that is done by the a The Councel of Warre among the Romanes consisted of their Legates Questor Tribunes and the Centurions Convocato concilio c. omniúmque ordinum adhibitis centurionibus Caesar Com. lib. 1. cap. 16. Councel of Warre wherein every Captain hath a voice CHAP. XIII Of the Provost Marshall OF all things in the charge of the Provost Marshall his principall care must be about the victualls He must be an honest man and content with his fees He is to look to the weights and measures and to guard the victuallers or sutlers from insolencies Himself or some of his men must alwayes be in the market-place or where the victualls are sold and he is to inform himself where and at what price the sutlers buy their victuall that the Commissarie and Auditor may tax them accordingly He must cause the orders to be strictly observed which shall be published in the horse-quarters and those quarters must he purge of rogues and thieves He must alwayes carry his staffe or truncheon in his hand the badge of his office and having the same a See the States edict Art 78. it is death for
horse of service by reason that with them they must go to forrage for want of bidets or nags after their march and presently enter into guard in the armie or quarter without any rest to refresh their horses He is not to suffer the Captains either to make officers or to absent themselves from their companies without his leave and approbation He hath his officers apart and in that which concerneth the Cavallrie neither the Lord Marshall nor Lord Generall himself useth to dispose of any thing without his advice If he passe among the quarters of Cavallrie or Infanterie his trumpets are to sound but not where the Lord Generall lodgeth or where he is in person When he commandeth in the armie in absence of the Lord Generall upon occasion of fight his place is in the battel that he may be able to give order to all He hath usually a companie heretofore of lances to lodge with him and to serve him as his guard having usually six souldiers or more of his companie attending on him u Of Cesar it is said Dubium cautior an audentior Suet. A good Commander should rather look behind him then before him said Sertorius Plutarch in Sertor He should not resolve upon any enterprise unlesse he first consider seriously of all that might happen that so propounding to himself greater difficulties in the action then in effect they be he may prepare remedies surpassing all the said difficulties it being a benefit not to be expressed to be able to x Temeritas praeterquam quòd stulta est etiam infelix Livius 22. foresee with good judgement those things which might succeed in the uncertain and variable accidents of warre Especially he must be y Intentus sis ut neque tuae occasioni desis neque suam hosti des Ibid. ready in execution for suppose a determination never so well grounded yet it may prove vain and hurtfull if it be not executed with requisite promptitude CHAP. III. Of the Lieutenant Generall of horse THe charge of the Lieutenant Generall of the horse hath ever been held of very great importance and therefore must be supplied by a person of great experience and valour one that must be very carefull and diligent because he usually marcheth and lodgeth with the Cavallrie For which cause he ought to be well versed in the opportunitie of the wayes upon occasion of meeting the enemie in marching a Erat Philopoemen praecipua iâ— ducendo agmine locisque â—â—piendis soleâ—tiae atque usus Nec belli tâ—ntum temporibus sed etiam in pâ—ce ad id maximè animum exercuerit Vbi uer quopiam faceret ad difficilâ—m transitu saltum venissâ—t contemplatus ab omni parte loci naturam cùm solus iret secum ipse agitabat animo cùm comitâ—â— haberet ab iuquaerebat si hostis eo loco apparuisset quid si à fronte quid si à latere hoc aut illo quid si à â—â—â—go adoriretur capiendum consilii foret T. Livius dec 4. lib. 5. He must alwayes have his thoughts busied about the motions of the enemie discoursing with himself from what part they might shew themselves with what number of men whether with Infanterie or not in how many houres they might come upon him from their armie or garrison and whether they might present themselves in a place of advantage that so it might be prevented as need should require He must also advisedly choose commodious places for the quarters or lodgings providing good guards causing the highwayes to be scoured or discovered placing men on those passages where the enemie might make head not neglecting to send out rounders and omitting no diligence to secure the quarter in which the Cavallrie findeth it self exposed to greater dangers then can befall it any other way especially being lodged without Infanterie He must also procure to have spies not onely in the enemies armie but also upon their frontiers to penetrate their designes and intentions omitting no inventions which may stand him in stead to avoid inconveniences knowing that diligence is the mother of good fortune b Cui enim tantae poteilaâ—is insignia tribuâ—ntur cujus fidâ—â— atque virtuti possessorum fortunae tutela virium salus militum reipublicae creditur gloria non tantion pro universo exercitu sed etiam pro singulis contubernalibus debet esse solicitus Veg. l. 3. cap. 10. His particular care is to see that the Captains wrong not their souldiers that they keep their companies in good state and well armed and that themselves and their officers do their endeavours and observe good order and discipline Towards the souldiers he must be no lesse affable and ready to heare them willingly in their just complaints and to help them in their necessities then rigorous in punishing He should also himself being free from covetousnesse give order to others to use no c Extortions of divers kinds are punishable with death by the edict of Marshall law published by the States of the united provinces Artic. 41. extortion whereby the countrey is ruined and the souldier made odious to the prejudice of the Prince his service it being evident that too great a liberty of the souldiers produceth nothing but very bad effects Upon divers occasions of sending a good part of the Cavallrie to divers places the charge is given to the Lieutenant Generall not onely of the horse but also of the foot which accompanie them according to the occurrences for which cause he must also know how to command the Infanterie In absence of the Generall the whole weight resteth upon him and to him are the orders sent from the Lord Generall or Lord Marshall and to him as Chief reports are made of all the occurrences of the Cavallrie He may sequester a Captain from his companie upon just cause and demerit but cannot restore him without order from the Generall who first gives notice thereof to the Lord Generall He was wont to have a companie of lances which usually were lodged near his person whereof foure souldiers alwayes attend him When he passeth by the quarters of Cavallrie the trumpets sound but not in the Generalls quarter or where he is When the Generall of horse commandeth the whole armie and therefore takes his place in fight in the battel the Lieutenant Generall placeth himself in the vanguard of the Cavallry where otherwise the Generall useth to be CHAP. IIII. Of the Commissarie Generall THe Commissarie Generall commandeth in the absence of the Lieutenant Generall and therefore must be a man of great experience This charge was first instituted by Don Ferrand de Gonzagua afterward continued by the Duke of Alva and confirmed by the Duke of Parma and so remained He must be vigilant and carefull to appease dissentions which grow among the souldiers as he which dealeth most with them He is to send and distribute the orders and keep a The Romanes were very exact in keeping records and lists
Military Instructions for the CAVALLRIE Or RULES AND DIRECTIONS for the SERVICE OF HORSE Collected out of divers forrein Authours Ancient and Modern And Rectified and supplied according to the present practise of the LOVV-COUNTREY Warres PROV 21.31 The horse is prepared for battell but victory is from the Lord. CAMBRIDGE Printed by ROGER DANIEL Printer to the Universitie 1644. MILITARIE INSTRUCTIONS for the CAVALLRIE According to the Moderne warr's CAMBRIDGE Printed by Roger Daniel printer to the Universitie 1644 And are to be sold by W Hope at the Unicorn in Cornhill near the Royall Exchange TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THOMAS Earl of Arundell and Surrey Earl Marshall of ENGLAND of the most Noble Order of the Garter Knight Lord Lieutenant of His Majesties forces in Norfolk and Norwich and one of His Majesties most Honourable Privy-Councell Right Honourable HAving lately finished this discourse of Cavallry intending it onely for my private use and information it had the fortune to light into the hands of two noble and judicious perusers The one during the short discontinuance from his regiment while it lay in winter garrison hath been courteously pleased to go through it correcting what here and there was amisse supplying some things defective and manifesting his approbation of it with an Imprimatur The other among other things hath chiefly vouchsafed his assistance and directions for the managing of the horse and handling of arms as being a thing principally necessary and that wherein authours have hitherto been defective These considerations together with the commanding request among others of some of your Honours Deputy-Lieutenants not any arrogancie or ambition of mine have prevailed with me in hope of publick good to expose these weak essaies to the publick view of the world Now since the patronizing of a work of Marshall discipline seemeth most properly to belong to the Earl Marshall and that charge wherewith I stand entrusted within your Lordships Lieutenancy obligeth me in duty to consecrate the best of my endeavours to your Honours service May it please your Honour of your innate clemency and favour to Arts to vouchsafe your honourable patronage and protection on these poore labours of his who shall ever in all humility remain Your Honours dutifully devoted servant J. C. TO THE READER OF making many books there is no end said the wise King many ages past Eccles. 12.12 yet for some Arts and faculties I suppose even in this printing age of ours we may complain of scarcitie For among so many Authors ancient and modern which have written of the Art Military is it not strange that hardly any have fully handled that which concerneth the Cavallry Among the ancients Aelian hath somewhat touched upon the manner of ordering the horse among the Grecians and Vegetius where he speaketh of the Romane Cavallrie lightly passeth it over and concludeth in a Lib. 3. c p. 26. these words De equitatu sunt multa praecepta sed cùm haec pars militiae usu exercitii armorum genere equorum nobilitate profecerit ex libris nihil arbitror colligendum cùm praesens doctrina sufficiat Now the reason why they bestowing their chief labour about the Infantery left so little direction for the horse may be either because that both with Grecians and Romanes the b Magis reâ—publicae necessarii pediâ—es qui possant ubique proâ—isse Veg. lib 2. cap. 1. foot were of greatest esteem as that wherein their chief strength consisted and whereon they principally relyed and so the lesse regard was had of the horse or else because the service of horse was not c Eqâ—â—st is Romanorum malitia impofecta fuis unde nostra juâ—â— potâ—oâ— existimâ—â—naâ— est Scipio Amiratus Dissert polit lib. 19. grown to that perfection in those times which it since attained For what great effect could be expected of horse using no d When they were to charge the enemy they used to pull off their bridles T. Liâ— lâ—b 4. bridle and having neither e Lip ad Polyb. lib. 3. 219 220. saddle nor stirrops bearing onely f Polyb. lib. 6. a weak slender pole which the very motion of the horse would shake in pieces and a little round target as the Romanes manner was at first or else a staffe or kind of g Conius lance which they afterward used in imitation of the Grecians with three or foure darts and having no surer stay to counterpoise their forced motion what certainty or violence could they use either in charging or casting their weapons and whereas they usually had of the light armed foot h Cas Com. lib. 1. cap. 17. So did the Germanes of whose light armed foot Caesar reporteth thus Tanâ—a erat hâ—rum ex reitatione celerâ—as ut jubis â—qâ—oâ—um sublevaâ—â— cuâ—sum adaqâ—â—â—ent Com. 1. 10. intermingled among them how could they be so serried together for the shock as to do any great effect in making impressions upon their enemies which surely was the cause they were often commanded i So did the Consul Valerius in the waâ—re against the Sabineâ— l. â—v.l 3. And S Tempanius against the Volsâ—â— Idâ—m lib. 4 and many others to alight and forsaking their horses to fight on foot But for modern Authors there is not the like reason and yet of so many as have written none have treated of rules and instructions for the Cavallry untill lately George Basta Count of the holy Empire and Luys Melzo Knight of Malta wrote their books of Cavallry These works of theirs afford good directions but yet it may be said of them as Aelian saith of those Authors which had written before him k Omnâ—â— fâ—â—è ità â—nanimiter senâ—sâ—â— quasi locere homâ—nes vellâ—nt non ignâ—â—os sâ—d saâ—is eâ—â—â—m rerum pâ—â—os quas explicare statuerent Aelian de instruend ac elâ— cap. 1. That they had so written as if none should read them but such as were already skilfull in the Art Military This defect one Walhausen taketh upon him to supply something he hath done in the motions but for the first rudiments for the handling of arms c. he as all others is silent But these and the like being written in the forrein languages and among so many of our military Pamphlets none treating of Cavallry I have adventured though altogether unfit for such a task to employ some idle houres in the diligent reading and conferring of the said Authors together with such other books and informations as I could obtain out of the Low-countreys and other places for my better satisfaction herein l Lapides ligna ab aliis accipio edificii tamen extâ—uâ—tio formae nostra Nec aramarum sanè textus ideo melior quia ex sefila gignunt nec noster vilior â—uia ex alienis libamus ut apes Lips Polit. endeavouring to extract the marrow and quintessence of their prolixer discourses and to digest them into such a method as I conceived might afford brevity and perspicuity
to work about rivers 6  An Assistant to him 3 6 Every Matrosse 1  A Chaplain 4  An Ensigne 5  A Drumme 1 6 A Trumpet 3  A Chirurgeon 4  2 under barber Chirurgeons each 1 6 Master Carpenter 4  2 Mates each 2  24 Carpenters each 1 6 A Master Blacksmith 4  2 Mates each 2 shill pen. 6 Servants under him each 1 6 A Master Wheelwright 3  2 Mates each 2  8 Servants under him each 1 6 A Master Farrier 3  6 Servants being workmen each 1 6 600 Pioners each 1  3 Tent-keepers each 1 6 9 Servants under them each 1  An Armourer 3  4 Servants under him each 2  A Basketmaker for gabions hurdles baskets 2 6 4 Servants each 1 6 A Collar-maker 2 6 4 Servants each 1 6 A Ladle-maker 2 6 2 Servants each 1 6 A Gunsmith 3 6 2 Servants each 2  A Cooper 2 6 4 Servants each 1 6 A Ropemaker 2 6 2 Servants each 1 6 Chap. 19. line 34. for 81. reade 18. Chap. 28. line 30. for uneven reade even Chap. 29. The horseman having spanned his pistol is not to return his spanner to the side of his Case where some would have it for there it is neither sure nor readily returned but is to wear it in a string hanging on his left shoulder by his right side And for lading his Pistols and so for the Carbine I would by no means have him to use his flask but the farre readier way of Cartouches which his Holsters must alwayes be furnished with besides those which he is to have in store Chap. 32. The custome now is to make the horse but three in file for fight so consequently divers of the motions shewed in this Chapter will be uselesse PART III. Chap. 2 Concerning Encamping the Reader may receive more satisfaction in my book of Castrametation published Anno 1642. Chap. 6. and 7. And for the Watches also in my Order of Military Watches then published PART IIII. Chap. 6. and 8. The manner of fighting used by the horse in divers Armies now a dayes is not by wheeling off as formerly but by charging through Every man having his drawn sword in his bridle-hand fires his Carbine or Pistol the Carbine at 12. or 15. foot distance and the Pistol so near as hath been shewed before in Part 1. Chap. 29. the Carbine levelled at the knees of the enemies horse because the powder naturally and also the least motion of the horse use to raise the muzzle of the piece Having fired he presently is to betake him to his sword unlesse the enemy by wheeling off gives him leasure and opportunity to use his second Pistoll and so to charge him on the flank or rear and to fight at his best advantage To this end the Officers must be very carefull to exercise their Troops frequently especially in a regimentall way as the sole means under God to make them victorious observing to keep their Troops close serried to leave fit distances between each Troop Regiment and Brigade to relieve each other orderly to retreat upon occasion in due order into their appointed intervalls and to avoid confusion ¶ To his much honoured Friend Captain John Cruso I Know the Authours works and name Great Mars his scholar is his fame Whose valour honour industrie Hath taught the use of Cavallry Accommodating these our times Surmounting th' limits of all lines Examples set for imitation Then love to fight by Regulation But have not such been ill requited Whom profit never yet invited But blame not such as steer at th' Helm Whose care is to preserve this Realm Settle Religion Law and Right Supprest by rebells force and might If ignorance or malice have The Authours worth laid in a grave Wisdomes grace in men of parts Will raise it up with tongues and hearts Let none be troubled if not us'd When Conscience tells they ne'r abus'd God grant's no use of Marshall men Till we know how to use not when Good service done th' age being cold Prepar'd are new casheer'd are old Your devoted Friend EDMUND HARVY Colonel MILITARIE INSTRVCTIONS for the CAVALLRIE The first Part. THE ARGUMENT CAVALLRIE so called of a Derived from the Latine word Caballus and this from the Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cavallo which in the Italian and Spanish signifieth a horse is worthily esteemed a most noble and necessary part of the militarie profession which being the subject of my discourse it may be reduced to these foure heads b Primùm idoneos eligamus c. dein in itinere in castris in praeliis ipsis instructum exercitum habeamus Aelianus de instruendis aciebus cap. 3. 1 The levying of men 2 Their marching 3 Their encamping 4 Their embattelling In the levying of men there be two things considerable 1. The election of officers 2. The election of souldiers Concerning the officers they may be considered 1. In generall 2. In particular CHAP. I. Of officers in generall AS in politique government so in this militarie profession every man by a naturall impression is ready to conceive himself to be fit to command and govern others though he never knew how to obey whereas in every mechanicall trade or manufacture an apprenticehood is first passed in the learning of it before it be professed and exercised In this profession of arms c Le plus relevé le plus hasardeux le plus difficille subject du monde Le mestier des Nobles la prattique des couragâ—uâ— l'exercice des Princes des Roys Monsieur Praissac an art obtained with greatest difficulty and practised with most danger men would be Captains before they be souldiers And hereof the chief cause is ignorance the fruitfull mother of all errours For surely if their end and aim were honour and they knew how frail and mutable the estate of a souldier is and that in a moment a man may lose all the reputation obtained by many years industrie d In aliis rebus si quid erratum â—st potest postmodum corrigiâ— Praeliorum delicta emendationem non recipiunt cùm poena statim sequatur errorem Cato apud Vegetium lib. 1. cap. 13. the errours in warre admitting no amendment as in other professions but carrying their present punishment with them and had they seen many shamefully chased from the army and proclaimed infamous and others passe through the hands of the hangman they would doubtlesse strive with much industry and diligence to enable themselves before they came to undertake the exercise of so dangerous an employment And they are not a little mistaken which think their e Non repellatur imperator pauper si cum virtute sit quanquam clariâ— ac illustribus majoribus ortus non sit Leo. Tact. cap. 2. 25. birth a sufficient pretence to places of honour without any qualification or merit there being other things more reall and