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cause_n	great_a	place_n	see_v	2,893	5	3.1798	3	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16236	The theoriques of the seuen planets shewing all their diuerse motions, and all other accidents, called passions, thereunto belonging. Now more plainly set forth in our mother tongue by M. Blundeuile, than euer they haue been heretofore in any other tongue whatsoeuer, and that with such pleasant demonstratiue figures, as euery man that hath any skill in arithmeticke, may easily vnderstand the same. ... VVhereunto is added by the said Master Blundeuile, a breefe extract by him made, of Maginus his Theoriques, for the better vnderstanding of the Prutenicall tables, to calculate thereby the diuerse motions of the seuen planets. There is also hereto added, The making, description, and vse, of two most ingenious and necessarie instruments for sea-men ... First inuented by M. Doctor Gilbert ... and now here plainely set downe in our mother tongue by Master Blundeuile.	Blundeville, Thomas, fl. 1561.; Magini, Giovanni Antonio, 1555-1617. aut; Gilbert, William, 1540-1603. Making, description and use of two most ingenious and necessarie instruments for seamen. aut; Wright, Edward, 1540-1603. aut	1602 (1602)	STC 3160; ESTC S117447	145,552	301

of the Sunne Moreouer the Vespertine going downe of any starre is said to be true when it goeth downe together with the Sunne at one selfe instant And such Vespertine going downe is said to be apparent when the starre at the going downe of the Sunne is hidden which a little before might haue been seene and so continueth hidden vntill the morning vntill it may get from vnder the beames of the Sunne Out of this difference of rising and going downe of the Planets may be gathered these 6 rules here folowing 1. First that the three vpper Planets the Moone and also the fixed starres are subject to the true rising setting as well Matutine as Vespertine but neither the apparent rising Vespertine nor the apparent setting Matutine doe belong to any of them but only to the Moone which notwithstanding suffereth neither the apparent rising Matutine nor the apparent rising Vespertine 2. Secondly though Venus and Mercurie be subject to the apparent rising and setting as well Matutine as Vespertine yet they cannot haue the true Matutine setting or the true Vespertine rising 3. Thirdly of all the fixed starres and of the three vpper Planets their true rising and setting Matutine are before their apparent rising and setting Matutine but their true Vespertine rising and setting are after their apparent rising and setting 4. Fourthly in the two inferior Planets that is Venus and Mercurie their apparent Matutine and Vespertine rising are after their true Matutine and Vespertine setting but their apparent Matutine and Vespertine setting are before their true Matutine and Vespertine rising 5. Fiftly the apparent Matutine rising of the Moone doth follow her true Matutine rising and contrarie her apparent Matutine setting doth go before her true Matutine setting 6. Sixtly it is meet that there bee some distance of space betwixt any starre and the Sunne whereby they should either appeare to bee out of the beames of the Sunne or else to be hidden vnder the Sunne And this distance is not of like quantitie in euery starre but varieth according to the greatnesse or littlenesse of the starre for the greater and more lightsome that the starre is the lesser time it staies vnder the beams of the Sunne And the limits of the quantitie of distance that do belong to euery starre as well to the fixed starres as to the Planets are to be found in a great circle passing both through the bodie of the Sunne and also through the pole of the Horizon For to euery limit the Astronomers doe appoint his proper arch of quantitie called of them the arch of vision Define what that arch is THe Arch of Vision is that portion of the Verticall circle that is comprehended betwixt the Horizon and the Sunne at such time as the starre first beginneth to appeare or els ceaseth to bee seene which arches of vision in fixed starres are greater or lesser according to the magnitude of the said starres for to those starres that be of the first bignesse they make the arch of vision to containe 12 degrees and to those of the second bignesse 13 degrees and to those of the third bignesse 14 degrees and to those of the fourth bignesse 15 degrees and to those of the fift bignesse 16 degrees and to those of the sixt bignesse 17 degrees and to the least fixed stars of all they appoint 18 degrees which 18 degrees is the beginning as well of the day light in the morning as of the twilight in the euening for when the Sunne is departed from the Horizon 18 degrees either vpward or downeward it beginneth to waxe day light in the morning or twilight in the euening Now as touching the quantitie of the said arch of vision belonging to euery one of the fiue Planets they appoint to Saturne 11 degrees to Iupiter 10 degrees to Mars 11 degrees ½ to Venus 5 degrees and to Mercurie 10 degrees so as by knowing the degree of the Ecl●pticke wherewith any starre riseth or goeth downe and also the arch of vision together with the angle of section whereas the Eclipticke and Horizon doe crosse one another in one selfe part you shall know what time the starre spendeth in his rising or setting And for the better vnderstanding of the said arch of vision Maginus setteth downe this figure here following together with the description thereof by helpe of certaine letters therein contained ¶ The figure shewing the arch of vision THis figure as you see consisteth of two whole circles being of like greatnesse and also it containeth the portion of a great circle The whole circle marked with G E C signifieth the Horizon whose pole or Zenith is marked with the letter A and the other whole circle marked with the letters F E D signifieth the Eclipticke whose pole is marked with the letter B and the letter D sheweth the place of the Sunne being hidden beneath the Horizon And imagine the place of the starre his appearing or departing to be in C in the very Horizon it selfe Now the portion of the great circle drawne through the Verticall point of the Horizon and also through the bodie of the Sunne is marked with the letters A C D. And the arch C D is the arch of vision But now you haue to vnderstand that the Moone obserueth not like law or order of hi● appearing after that she hath been in Conjunction with the Sunne For though the auncient Astronomers as Theon Alexandrinus Alfraganius Albategnus and others doe appoint to her arch of vision twelue degrees of the Aequinoctiall yet that is not alwaies certaine but sometime more and sometime lesse sith the Moone doth shew her selfe sometime sooner and sometime later after her Conjunction with the Sunne and that for three causes or respects first by reason of the inclination of the Zodiake to the Horizon for whilest she is in the ascending halfe of the Zodiake which is from the beginning of Capricorn to the end of Gemini which is the halfe of long discension she appeareth sooner aboue the Horizon than when she is in the other halfe of short discension which is from Cancer to Capricorne because the Moone goeth downe later and not before that the Sunne be deeply hidden vnder the Horizon making thereby a greater twilight The second cause is the latitude of the Moone from the Ecliptick for the more North latitude she hath the more slowly she goeth downe and therby is the sooner seene and specially to those that dwell betwixt the Tropicke of Cancer and the circle Artique The third cause is the swiftnesse of her true mouing for in her swift mouing she is sooner seene than in her slow moouing And when all those three causes do concurre it is possible that she may bee seene the selfesame day that the change is albeit that seldome chanceth and that onely in those places whose latitude is very farre Northerne But if two of the foresaid causes doe concurre then she may be seene the next day after her Conjunction with the Sunne if there be no

point and a centre for though euery centre is a point yet euery point is not a centre Againe I make a difference betwixt a circle and an orbe for though they bee like in that they both haue round shape yet they differ in that the orbe hath both breadth and thickenesse and the circle hath neither But before I define the tearmes belonging to the Theorique of anie Planet I thinke it best according to the method and order vsed by Michaell Mestlyn to set downe foure principall intentions meet to bee vsed in describing the Theorique of euerie Planet of which foure intentions 1. The first is to shew of how many particular orbes euery Theorique consisteth 2. The second is to shew towards what part such orbes are moued and in what time they make their reuolutions and also vpon what centres or poles they make their regular mouings 3. The third intention is plainely to describe all such points lines arches semicircles and such like things as are needfull to be knowne for the calculating of the mouings of any Planet 4. The fourth intention is to shew how much latitude euery Planet hauing latitude hath for euery Planet hath latitude more or lesse the Sunne onely excepted which hath no latitude because he neuer departeth from the Eclipticke line with whose Theorique I mind here first to deale Why deale you first with the Theorique of the Sun FOr foure causes First because his Theorique is more easie than all the rest Secondly as well for that he excelleth in dignitie all the other Planets as also for that the mouing of all the other Planets dependeth vpon his mouing which vnles it be known none of the others can be throughly known Thirdly for that the mouings reuolutions of all the rest of the Planets are counted by his yearly reuolutions Fourthly by the authoritie of Ptolomey and other auncient writers which in treating of the Theoriques doe first begin with the Theorique of the Sunne NOw here followeth the first Intention shewing by certain figures of how many orbes the Theorique of the Sunne consisteth that is of three orbes hereafter described are contained in this figure next following The first figure belonging to the Theorique of the Sunne shewing his three orbes and their centres and also the two points called Auges hereafter defined THough the Theorique of the Sun consisteth but of three orbes yet you see here that in this figure there be four orbes or circles that is two black and two white whereof the vpper blacke circle marked with the letter D is called the vpper deferent of the Auges and the lower blacke circle marked with the letter E. is called the inferior or lower deferent of the Auges and the largest and greatest white circle marked with the letter C. is called the Excentricke or deferent of the Sunne hauing the bodie of the Sunne fixed therein and in the middle white roundle are set downe two prickes or centres whereof that which is marked with the letter A. is the centre of the world and the other next aboue that marked with the letter B. is the centre of the deferent of the Sun otherwise called the Excentricke and the point which is in the vpper lymbe of the deferent of the Sun marked with the letter F. is called in the Arabike tongue Aux in Greeke Apogaeon in Latine Absis summa that is to say the highest point which I meane to call in our tongue in the singular number Auge and in the plurall number Auges the opposite point whereof marked with the letter G. is called in Greeke Perigaeon and in Latine Absis ima that is to say the lowest Auge It is also called Oppositum Augis that is the point opposite to the Auge so as by this figure you may perceiue that the point Auge is a point in the deferent of the Sunne farthest distant from the centre of the earth and therfore is called of some Longior longitudo that is the farthest longitude marked in the former figure with the letter F and the opposite point to that is called Propior longitud● that is the nigher longitude because it is nigher to the centre of the earth and is marked in the said figure with the letter G. There be also in the said deferent two other points of the meane longitude whereof we shall speake hereafter You see also that the pricke marked with the letter A. is the centre of the world that the other prick marked with the letter B. is the centre of the deferent of the Sunne which because it is out of the centre of the world and distant from the same it is called the centre of the excentricke and the distance betwixt these two centres is called in Latine excentricita● and I likewise from henceforth will call such distance the excentricitie Now describe the three foresaid circles or orbes and shew whereto they serue THe first called the orbe excentricke which in the former figure is made white and marked with the letter C. is that which carieth the body of the Sun and therefore is called in Latine Deferens Solis and I will also call it the deferent of the Sun in the vttermost circumference whereof are set the foresaid two Auges the one right opposite to the other marked with the letters F. G. as before is said The other two blacke orbes marked with the letters D. E. are those which carrie the Auges therfore are called the deferents of the Auges which be two seuerall orbes and yet to auoid Vacuum doe enclose one another in such sort as the slenderest or narrowest part of the vppermost orbe marked with the letter D. doth joine close to the thickest or fullest part of the nether orbe marked with the letter E. and the slenderest or narrowest part of the nether orbe joyneth close to the thickest or fullest part of the vpper orbe and these two orbes do contain within them the orbe excentrique or deferent of the Sunne and also doe make the whole sphere of the Sunne to be concentrique that is to say to haue all one centre with the centre of the world and yet in certaine respects these two orbes are also excentrique that is to say hauing a centre distant from the centre of the world for the concaue superficies of the vppermost blacke orbe and the convexe superficies of the nethermost blacke orbe beeing seuerally taken haue the selfe same centre which the deferent of the Sunne hath which is the centre excentricke marked with the letter B. All which things the former figure doth plainely shew Wherefore was the deferent of the Sunne supposed to be excentrique FOr three principall causes First for that the moouing of the Sunne is vnequall now slower now swifter Secondly for that the bodie of the Sunne by his vnequall distance from the earth seemeth to our sight somtime greater and somtime lesser the grossenesse or thinnesse of the aire being no cause thereof Thirdly for that the Sunne being in this

vs very well to follow therein The first Intention shewing of how many orbes the Theorique of the Moone consisteth IT consisteth of these fiue whereof the first is the Excentrique carrying the Epicicle Then the two deferents of the Auges and the fourth is the Epicicle carying the bodie of the Moone but both Copernicus and Maginus do appoint to the Moone two Epicicles that is the first and second Epicicle as shall bee declared and demonstrated hereafter in my extract out of Maginu● his Theoriques and the fift is the Orbe equant enuironing all the rest of the Orbs. All which Orbs you may see plainely set downe in the figure next following and also the two Centres the one of the world the other of the excentrique by helpe of eight letters set downe also in the said figure that is A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. ¶ The first figure belonging to the Theorique of the Moone IN this figure the letter A. signifieth the centre of the world And B. the centre of the excentrique which centre in going about the centre of the world describeth a little circle marked with the letters B. H. And C. signifieth the orbe excentrique whose middle line being described by the centre of the Epicicle is specially to be obserued in demonstrating the motion of the Moone D. signifieth the vpper deferent of the Auges E. signifieth the nether deferent of the Auges F. signifieth the Epicicle whereunto the body of the Moone is fixed G. signifieth the orbe equant which is the outermost white orbe and is otherwise called the circle or deferent of the two nods or sections signifying the head and taile of the Dragon Why do the Astronomers appoint vnto the Theorique of the Moone an orbe excentrique BEcause the equacions of the Epicicle which the excentrique carrieth are obserued to bee somewhere greater and somewhere lesser as shall be declared hereafter in the fift Figure belonging to the Theorique of the Moone And this apparence is to be salued by supposing an excentrique Wherfore are the deferents of the Auges added to the Theorique of the Moone FOr the selfesame causes which are before set downe in the Theorique of the Sunne Why is the Epicicle supposed to bee needfull in this Theorique FOr two causes First because the Moone hath another inequalitie in her mouing whereunto one onely excentrique cannot supplie for in like and selfe-same places the motion of the Moone is found to bee sometime swifter and sometime flower Secondly because the Moone other things beeing like is obserued to be sometime higher from the earth and sometime lower which is to be seene as well by the apparant magnitude of her bodie as also by the continuance and quantitie of her Eclipses Why was it needfull to adde to this Theorique the Orbe equant FOr two causes First that the varieties of the Moons latitude might be salued thereby Secondly that the mouing of the excentrique which is found to be irregular about his owne centre might be equated or made equall by the centre of this circle being as it were the very point of equacion and thereof it is called the circle equant Wherefore is this circle made to enuiron all the rest of the orbes THough as touching the demonstration of the moouings it maketh no great matter whether this orbe be without or within the rest of the orbes yet sith that by carrying about the nodes and limits of the two latitudes of the sphere of the Moone and that by this motion the whole composition of the Moones sphere doth alter it is more meet that this orbe should compasse in all the rest than to be compassed of them For it is more likely that the inferiour orbe is mooued and turned about of his superior than the superior of the inferior The second Intention shewing towards what part such orbes are moued and in what time such orbes make their revolutions and also vpon what centres or poles they make their regular mouings and first how and in what manner the excentrique of the Moone carrying the Epicicle is mooued THe excentrique of the Moone is equally mooued about the centre of the world according to the succession of the signes and about his owne poles which are distant on both sides from the poles of the Eclipticke fiue degrees making his revolution in the space of one moneth and by this moouing it carrieth about the centre of the Epicicle equally through the Zodiake And the daily moouing of this excentrique or of the centre of the Epicicle vnder the Zodiake is 13 degrees i10· ii35· iii1· iiii7· v. 22· so as his whole reuolution is made in 27 dayes seuen houres i43· ii5· iii8· and so much is the perodicall moneth which is otherwise called of Iohn de Sacro Busto the moneth of peragration whereof I haue spoken in my Treatise of the sphere in the 46 chapter of the first booke thereof What followeth of this inequalitie of the excentrique TWo things First sith that the Astronomers by often obseruation haue found that the orbe excentrick or centre of the Epicicle dooth equally turne about the centre of the world it must needs follow that the moouing of the said excentrique is vnequall as well about his owne centre as about any other point cleane contrarie to that which hath been said touching the moouing of the excentrique or deferent of the Sunne Secondly the mouing of this excentrique is swifter when the centre of the epicicle is in the vpper part nigh vnto the Auge for a greater portion thereof doth belong to the equall arches of the Zodiake when shee is nigh to the Auge than when she is nigh to the opposit point of the Auge Which things doe plainely appeare in the third and last figure belonging to the Theorique of the Sunne before described In which figure suppose the letters F. H. G. to represent the excentrique of the Moone whose moouing because it is equall about the centre A. must needs be vnequall about the centre B. Moreouer because the medieties or halfes of the Zodiake deuided by the right line E. A. H. K. are turned about in equall time so as the greater portion of the excentrique is answerable to the vpper halfe the lesser portion to the nether halfe it easily appeareth that the centre of the Epicicle maketh in his mouing a greater bent or bowt vpward and a lesser downeward that is to say it goeth faster being in the vpper halfe than when it is in the nether halfe How are the deferents of the Auges of the Moone moued THey are equally moued contrarie to the succession of the signes about the centre of the world about the same poles that the excentrique is and doe make their revolution almost in 32 dayes And by this moouing they carry about the point Auge or the whole line of the Auge equally through the Zodiake contrarie to the succession of the signes And they also cause the

Auge and opposit Auge of the Excentrique and the Epicicle carrying the body of the Planet whereto is added the circle Equant all which are set downe in the Figure next following ¶ The first figure of the three vpper Planets THis figure as you see is also enuironed with a great circle signifying here the orbe which carrieth the two sections called the head and taile of the Dragon and is the outermost circle of all marked with the letter M whose centre is the letter A which is the centre of the world And next to that are the two blacke deferents of the Auges whereof the vpper deferent is marked with D and the nether deferent with E both which are in diuers respects concentrique with the centre of the world and also excentrique and within those two deferents is placed the Excentrique which carrieth the Epicicle and the centre of the excentrique is marked with the letter B and the little circle aboue is the Epicicle whose centre is F which centre by turning round about vpon the plane of the Excentrique describeth in the very middest thereof a circle marked with the letter C which circle is crossed in two points opposit by another circle called the circle equant marked with the letter G whose centre is marked with the letter H. Why are these foure orbes placed in this Theorique of the three vpper Planets THe Excentrique is needfull as well to shew their vnequall distances from the earth as also for that the equacions of their Epicicles are sometime greater and sometime lesser as hath ben demonstrated before in the sixt figure of the Moon And the two deferents of the Auges are here placed for the selfesame causes that are before declared Againe the Epicicle is necessarily supposed because it is well knowne by often obseruation that euery one of these three Planets in like and selfesame places of his Excentrique is found to haue diuerse and sundry motions whereof they are said to be sometime swift and sometime slow now stationarie and now retrograde moreouer they are sometime nigher to the earth and sometime further off as manifestly appeareth by the mutabilitie of their apparant greatnesse all which apparences are salued by supposing an Epicicle Wherefore is the circle equant added to this Theorique BEcause the conuersions of the Excentriques and of the Epicicles of these three Planets are not obserued to be equated to their owne centres but to some other point which point is called the centre equant marked in the former figure with the letter H and because it is not needfull to appoint to that centre any peculiar orbe sith there is no vse thereof the Astronomers thinke it sufficient onely to describe about that centre a circle vpon the Plane of the Excentrique equall to the circle Excentrique in euery respect for hauing both equall semidiameters as I said before they must needs be equall Hath the Orbe which carrieth the two nodes no vse in this Theorique YEs they may be vsed as well in the Theorique of these Planets as in the rest And yet because the varieties of the latitudes are obserued to proceed equally according to the succession of the signes together with the Auges the office of carrying the Nodes is most commonly by the Astronomers appointed to the two deferents of the Auges so as this orbe in this Theorique hauing none other vse is not thought so needfull The second Intention shewing towards what part such Orbes are moued and in what time they make their reuolutions and also vpon what centres or poles they make their regular mouings and first of all how and in what manner the Excentriques carying the Epicicles of these Planets are mooued THe Excentrique of euery one of these Planets is moued according to the succession of the signes vpon his owne proper poles declining vnequally on both sides from the poles of the Eclipticke and yet it moueth equally about the centre of the circle equant and the Excentrique of Saturne is commonly said to make his reuolution in thirtie yeares and the Excentrique of Iupiter in twelue yeares and that of Mars almost in two yeares How much is the precise dayly motion and perfect reuolution of euery one of these Excentriques TO vnderstand this the better you had need to remember Coper●icus his diuision of the beginning of mouing before mentioned which is twofold the one compound and the other simple The compound moouing is to be accounted from the vernall equinoctiall point which point of beginning is vnstable and the simple moouing is to be counted from the first starre of the Rams horne called of the Astronomers The firme and stable point or beginning of moouing wherefore if you count from the Equinoctiall point then the daily mouing of the Ex●●ntrique of Saturne containeth i2· ii0· iii35· iiii33· v2· that of Iupiter i4· ii59· iii15· iiii49· v53· and that of Mars i31· ii26· iii39· iiii14· v6· And one whole reuolution of Saturne counting from the Equinoctiall point contayneth 29 Aegyptian yeares 161 dayes 22 houres i28· ii●° iii22· And the re●olution of Iupiter counting also from the Aequinoctiall point containeth 11 Aegyptian years 315 dayes 15 houres i●° ii●1 0· iii30· And that of Mars containeth one Aegyptian yeare 321 dayes 22 houres i19· ii49· iii48· But if you count their mouing from the first star of the Rams horne then the Excentriques of these Planets will not make their reuolutions so soone but bee somewhat longer in returning to that first point of moouing for the excentrique of Saturne will then make his reuolution in 29 Aegyptian yeares 174 dayes 4 houres i58· ii25· iii30· And that of Iupiter in 11 Aegyptian yeares 317 dayes 14 houres i49· ii31· iii56· And that of Mars in one Aegyptian yeare 321 dayes 23 houres i31· ii56· iii49· In what place is the centre of the circle equant to bee found IN the line of the Auge of the excentrique towards the same Auge whose distance from the centre of the world is double to the excentricitie of the excentrique which excentricitie is the space contained betwixt the centre of the world and the centre of the excentrique What followeth vpon this Inequalitie or Irregularitie of the Excentriques WE haue shewed you before in the Theorique of the Moone that the centre of equalitie is towards the opposit Auge of her Excentrique and is all one with the centre of the earth and thereby the mouing of her excentrique whilest her Epicicle mooueth towards the Auge is the swifter But because in this Theorique of the three Planets the centre of the equant is towards the Auge of the Excentrique the Excentrique therfore moueth the more slowly for a lesser portion of the Excentrique belongeth to the vpper halfe of the circle equant and a greater portion thereof is due to the nether halfe of the circle equant as plainely appeareth by the former figure for if you draw

his Excentrique to the centre of his body as also to that right line which is drawne from the centre of Venus her Equant to the centre of her Epicicle whereby it appeareth that Venus can stray no further from the Sunne than the greatnesse of her Epicicle will suffer her And hereto may be added that the excentricitie of the Excentrique of the Sunne and that of the equant of Venus are like for in Ptolomeyes time they were both like And though that Copernicus found either of them in our time to be decreased yet the equacions of their Excentriques cannot much dif●er but be equall Shew the dimension of the Orbes belonging to the sphere of Venus AS the semidiameter of the Excentrique of Venus containeth 60 parts or degrees euen so of the like degrees Ptolomey sayth that the excentricitie of the said Excentrique containeth 1 degree and i15 and that the excentricitie of her Equant containeth 2 degrees and i30 like to that of the Sunne and that the semidiameter of her Epicicle containeth 43 degrees and i10 and hereof it appeareth that the least altitude of Venus from the earth is 15 degrees i35 and her greatest altitude is 104 degrees i25 But Copernicus sayth That in these daies the excentricitie of her Equant is no more but 2 degrees i6 so as by that means the excentricitie of the Excentrique should be no more but i51 like to that of the Sunne being also deminished as he saith in his particular propositions The third Intention describing all such points lines arches semicircles and such like things as are needfull to be knowne for the calculating of the mouings of Venus IN this Theorique all such things are described in like manner as they be in the Theorique of the three vpper Planets and therefore resort to the third Intention of their Theorique before set downe but yet the line of the meane mouing of Venus is all one with that of the Sun and both their meane mouings are also like and the selfe same And the greatest equacion of Venus her Excentrique is according to the tables of Alphonsus 2 degrees i10° and according to the Prutenicall tables it is no more but 2 degrees i17° And the greatest equacion of her argument the centre of her Epicicle being in the Auge of the said Excentrique is according to the tables of Alphonsus 44 degrees i44° but according to the Prutenicall tables it is 45 degrees i10° ii30° But when the centre of her Epicicle is in the opposit Auge of her Excentrique then the greatest equacion of her argument according to Alphonsus his tables is 47 degrees i11° and according to the Prutenicall tables 46 degrees i5●° ii30· The fourth Intention shewing the mouing of Venus according to latitude SIth the varieties of Venus her latitudes are like in all respects vnto those of Mercurie I leaue to speak therof vntill I come to treat of the motion of Mercurie according to his latitudes and so I end with Venus ¶ The Theorique of Mercurie The first Intention belonging to the Theorique of Mercurie shewing of what and how many orbes his Theorique consisteth THis Theorique consisteth of seuen Orbes that is the Excentrique the two deferents carrying the Auge of the Equant the excentor of the Excentrique the Epicicle the circle Equant and the circle of the Nodes as this figure sheweth ¶ The first figure belonging to the Theorique of Mercurie IN which figure the letter A signifieth the centre of the world and B the centre of the Excentrique and C signifieth the Orbe Excentrique which is a white orbe and the two blacke orbes marked with the letters D E are the two deferents of the Auge of the Excentrique and the letter F signifieth the centre of the Epicicle in whose circumference the starre of Mercurie is turned about and the letter G signifieth the circle Equant whose centre is marked with the letter H in the line of the Auge a little aboue the centre A. And B H is the diameter of the little circle which little circle is almost in the midst of the foresaid first figure and the centre of that little circle is marked with the letter I in the circumference of which little circle is carried about the centre of the Excentrique marked with B. And the letter I is also the centre of the Orbe called Excentrus excentri which indeed are two orbes going close together marked with the letters L and K and are shaddowed with little lines and these two orbes doe containe within the compasse thereof the whole orbe Excentrique which carrieth the Epicicle of Mercurie And the outermost circle of all marked with M signifieth here the deferent of the nodes Wherefore is the excentor of the Excentrique added to the sphere of Mercurie BEcause hee hath a peculiar varietie in his moouing not common to the other Planets for his equacions in departing from the Sunne are found to be least but once and to be greatest twice as though he ascended but once to the Auge and descended twice to the opposit Auge which things are salued by adding this orbe to his Theorique And all the rest of the orbes are placed in this Theorique for the selfesame causes that are before declared How and in what manner is the Excentrique of Mercurie mooued IT is moued in like manner as is the Excentrique of Venus according to the succession of the signes vpon his owne axletree and proper poles vagarant together with the poles of the deferents of the Auges and that equally about the centre of the circle Equant making one period in the space of one yeare precisely together with the Excentrique of the Sunne Where is the centre of Mercurie his circle Equant to bee found about the which his Excentrique goeth regularly THe centre of Mercurie his Equant is in the line of the mean Auge in the very middest betwixt the centre of the world and the centre of that orbe which is called the excentor of the Excentrique for it occupieth the lowest part of the little circle described by the centre of the Excentrique and this centre of the Equant is marked in the former figure with the letter H. How many Auges do belong to the Excentrique of Mercury TWo that is the true Auge and the mean Auge The true Auge is in the Excentrique described by a right line drawne from the centre of the world through the centre of the Excentrique and this Auge by reason that the centre of the Excentrique goeth round about the little circle is not stable nor keepeth alwaies one place But the meane Auge belonging as well to the Excentrique as also to the circle Equant is described by a right line drawne from the centre of the world throgh the centre of the Excentrique and also through the centre of the Equant both which centres are in one selfe line And this meane Auge is the rule of the true Auge because it remaineth fixed

true opposit Auge of the Epicicle in all the fiue Planets sauing in Mercurie The second cause may be the diuerse magnitude of the Epicicle being compared to his Excentrick for the stationall points of a greater Epicicle do approch nigher vnto the opposit Auge than the stationall points of a lesser Epicicle doe The third cause is the periodicall slownesse or swiftnesse of the Epicicle being compared to the periodicall mouing of his Excentrique for the slower reuolution of the Epicicle maketh the stationall points to be nigher to the opposit Auge of the Epicicle and therby as well the arch of progression as of retrogradation doe encrease and decrease Fourthly the diuersities of their excentricities may cause the stationall points to alter in their distances from the opposit Auge of the Epicicle Wherefore is the Moone and Sunne exempted from these passions THe Sunne hath no Epicicle and though the Moon hath an Epicicle yet she is neither said to be stationarie nor retrograde by meanes of the swiftnesse of the centre of her Epicicle which maketh euery day a greater arch of the Zodiake according ●n the succession of the signes than she can goe backward because her Epicicle is both small and slow in her gate And though Saturne hath a very small Epicicle yet the swiftnes therof doth supplie that want and thereby he is both stationarie and retrograde and so are the other foure Planets viz. Iupiter Mars Venus and Mercurie When are the Planets said to be swift slow or in a meane THey are said to be swift when their true moouing is quicker according to the succession of the signes than their meane moouing is and they are said to bee slow when their true mouing is slower according to the succession of the signes than their meane moouing is and they are said to be in a meane when their true moouing according to the succession of the signes is equall vnto their meane mouing When are Planets said to bee encreased or deminished in number THey be encreased when the line of the true mouing goeth according to the succession of the signes before the line of their meane mouing And they are said to be deminished in number when the line of their true moouing dooth follow after the line of their meane moouing When is any Planet said to be ascendent or descendent HE is said to be as●endent whilest he ascendeth from the opposit Auge of his Epicicle to the Auge therof and he is said to be descendent whilest he descendeth in the other halfe of the Epicicle from the Auge to the opposit Auge of his said Epicicle The second generall kind of passions rising of the comparison made by comparing the mouing of euery Planet one to another comprehending the fiue Aspects of the Planets which be these here following THat is to say their Conjunction their Sextile aspect their Quadrile aspect their Trine aspect and their Opposition whose caracters are here set down together with the definition of euery such Aspect 1. The Conjunction marked thus ● is when two Planets are both in one selfe signe and in one selfe degree which aspect in Greeke is called Synodos 2. The Sextile aspect marked thus * is when two Planets are distant one from another by a sixt part of the Zodiake that is to say by two whole signs or 60 degrees which aspect is called in Greeke Exagon●s 3. The Quadrile aspect marked thus ● is when two Planets are distant the one from the other three whole signes or 90 degrees of the Zodiake and is called in Greeke Tetragonos 4. The Trine aspect marked thus ● is when two Planets are distant the one from the other by foure whole signes or 120 degrees of the Zodiake and is called in Greeke Trigonos 5. The Opposition marked thus ☍ is when two Planets are right opposit the one to the other and are distant the one from the other by six whole signes or 180 degrees of the Zodiake and is called in Greeke Diametros that is to say a diametrall aspect as when one is right against another in a right line But you haue to vnderstand that Ptolomey comprehendeth as well the Opposition as Conjunction of any two Planets but especially of the Sunne and Moone vnder this Greeke name Syzigias And you haue to note that three of these aspects that is the Sextile Quadrile and Trine aspect are said to be double because they looke two manner of waies that is towards the left hand called the sinister aspect and towards the right hand called the dexter aspect The direction of the sinister aspect is according to the succession of the twelue signs which succession beginneth at Aries and so proceedeth forward to Taurus Gemini and Cancer and so forth to the last point of Pisces But the direction of the dexter aspect is contrarie to the succession of the signes looking backward from Aries towards Pisces Aquarius Capricornus and so forth to the last point of Taurus As for example if one Planet be in the beginning of Aries and another in the beginning of Gemini those two Planets do looke one to another with a sinister Sextile aspect But if the one Planet be in Aries as before and the other in Aquarius then they looke one to another with a dexter Sextile aspect as you may see by this figure following which dooth plainely shew as well those aspects as all the other aspects before mentioned it sheweth also with what aspect euery one of the twelue signes doe regard one another ¶ The figure of Aspects BVt you haue to vnderstand that all the Planets doe not regard or behold one another with all the foresaid fiue aspects for though the three vpper Planets and the Moone may behold one another or any of the rest with euery one of the said fiue Aspects yet Venus and Mercurie cannot so doe for Venus is neuer distant from the Sunne aboue 48 degrees nor Mercurie aboue 29 degrees and yet they may bee distant one from another by a Sextile aspect And of the foresaid aspects some are said to be meane and some to be true and specially their Conjunctions and Oppositions whereof the Astronomers doe not make any great account but onely of the Conjunctions and Oppositions belonging to the Sunne and Moone which two Planets the Astronomers doe call in Latine Luminaria that is to say The two cheefe lights the knowledge of whose meane and true Conjunctions and Oppositions is necessarie for the better vnderstanding of their Eclipses When are their Coniunctions and Oppositions said to bee meane or true THey are said to be meane when the two lines of both their meane mouings doe meet in one selfe point of the Zodiake and doe make one selfe line And they are said to bee true when the two lines of their true moouings doe meet and make both one selfe line in one selfe degree of the Zodiake and their Oppositions are either meane or true according as the said lines doe meet in the opposit points of the Zodiake

more but one cause then she is commonly seene the third day after the change But if she be in the descending halfe of the Zodiake and haue therewith South latitude and is slow of gate there may passe foure daies before she appeareth Here also it is meet to speake of the diuersitie of her shape according as she is distant from the Sunne as well in her increase as decrease for during her increase shee followeth the Sunne and turneth her hornes from the Sunne towards the East and her lightsome part to the Sunne and riseth aboue the Horizon immediatly after the Sunne is set But during her decrease which is from the full vnto the change she goeth before the Sunne and turneth her hornes towards the West and riseth in the morning before the Sunne And as for the diuers names which she hath both in Greeke and Latine according to hir diuers aspects to the Sunne are plainly set down before in a table made by Reinholdus which table immediatly followeth the third figure belonging to the Theorique of the Moone and therefore I would wish you to resort thereunto because I thinke it superfluous to repeat it againe here Notwithstanding loe here the figure which is commonly vsed to shew the diuerse shapes of her light as well in her encrease as decrease The fourth generall kind of passions of the Planets that do● chance by comparing their mouings vnto the globe of the earth BVt you haue to vnderstand that the passions rising of this comparison are not so properly incident to all the Planets as to the Moone because that the greatnesse of the earth is not to be esteemed in respect of the other Planets or at the least not with any great sensibilitie or affection Shew what passions the Moone hath to the earth or the earth to the Moone THese three here following for first the greatnesse of the earth doth not suffer the true place of the Moone to be all one with her visible place Secondly the earth sometime taketh away the light of the Sunne from the Moone and so causeth her to be eclipsed Thirdly the Moone with her apparent magnitude taketh away the light of the Sun causing the same in some parts of the earth to be eclipsed And hereof dependeth the whole doctrine of the Eclipses whereof we shal treat hereafter In the meane time shew what is the true place and also what is the visible place of the Moone or of any other starre THe true place of the Moone or of any other starre is apoint in the outermost heuen determined by a right line beeing drawne from the very centre of the earth through the bodie of the Moone or starre vnto the said outermost heauen And the visible place to our sight is a point in the outermost heauen determined by a right line passing through the body of the Moone or star from our eie vnto the said heauen whilest we stand vpon the vpper face of the earth to behold the starre And the distance or portion of circle contained betwixt those two points is called in Greeke Paralaxis which in English may be called the diuersitie of Aspects All which things you may see plainly expressed in this figure following THis figure as you see is made like a Quadrant the nether right line whereof commonly called the Base signifieth the Horizon and the perpendicular right line falling vpon the same and making therewith a right angle is the axletree of the Horizon and the said right angle marked with the letter A signifieth the centre of the earth whose halfe globe made like a halfe circle is drawne vpon the said centre and the short line marked with the letters A B signifieth the semidiameter of the earth the letter F signifieth the Zenith from which F to G is drawn the arch of the Quadrant signifying here the Verticall circle And you haue to vnderstand that the right line that is drawn from A throgh the bodie of the Moone marked with the letter C vnto the point D set downe in the arch of the Quadrant or Verticall circle sheweth the true place of the Moone and the right line drawne from B through the bodie of the Moone vnto the point of the foresaid arch marked with E sheweth the apparent place of the Moone visible to our sight from the vpper face of the earth and the little arch contained betwixt D and E is the Parallax or diuersitie of Aspects And you haue to note that the apparent or visible place of the Moone is alwayes lower in the heauen than her true place vnlesse the Moone doe chance to be in the right line of the Zenith for then there is no Parallax at all because both the lines and places do concurre and meet in one as the two lines A B and B F doe shew making both one selfe line and the further that the Moone is distant from the earth the lesser is the Parallax and the nigher that shee is to the earth the greater Parallax she hath But the true quantitie of her Parallax in euery place is to be learned by the Prutenicall tables And you haue to vnderstand that the Astronomers doe make the Parallax of the Moone to be threefold that is first simple then according to longitude and thirdly according to latitude For if you haue onely respect to the Verticall circle then it is said to be simple which is before defined but if you haue respect to the Zodiake then it is said to be sometime according to longitude and sometime according to latitude What is the Parallax according to longitude IT is an arch of the Eclipticke intercepted or contained betwixt two great circles drawn through the poles of the said Eclipticke so as the one circle dooth passe through the true place of the Planet and the other great circle passeth through the apparent or visible place of the said Planet What is the Parallax according to latitude IT is an arch of a great circle falling perpendicularly vpon the Eclipticke and is drawne either through the true place or els through the apparent and visible place of the Moone which arch is intercepted betwixt two circles paralels to the Eclipticke whereof the one passeth through the true place and the other through the apparent place of the Moone For the better vnderstanding of all which things it shall be necessarie to set down here once againe the Quadrant before described together with his proper letters of signification and then to adde to the said Quadrant the Eclipticke line and also the two circles which are paralels to the same and thirdly the two circles that are drawne from the pole of the Zodiake so as the one may passe through the true place and the other through the apparent place of the Moon all which things this figure plainely sheweth A figure shewing all the three kinds of Paralaxes The description of the figure FIrst the Quadrant of this figure together with his former letters doe shew the simple Parallax

betwixt the 90 degree and the Sunne setting then the true Conjunction is before the visible Conjunction And generally the further that the true Conjunction is from the 90 degree the greater is the difference betwixt the true Conjunction and the visible Conjunction which things are before fully declared whereas I speake of the Parallax and by help of the celestiall globe are easily perceiued Of the varietie of the Solar Eclipses and why they be not alwaies like but doe differ as well in magnit●de as in time of continuance OF this varietie there be foure causes 1. First the vnequall apparent latitude of the Moone for the greater that the latitude of the Moon is the lesser and shorter is the Eclipse of the Sunne but the lesser that her latitude is the greater and longer is the Eclipse of the Sunne For this is a generall true rule that if the apparent latitude of the Moone at the time of the visible Conjunction be greater than the summe of the two semidiameters of the Sun and of the Moone being both added together then the Sunne shall not be eclipsed at the visible Conjunction but if the apparent latitude of the Moone be lesse than the summe of the two said semidiameters being added together then shal the Sunne be eclipsed at that visible Conjunction and the greater that the difference betwixt the summe of the two semidiameters and the Moones latitude is the greater is the Eclipse of the Sunne 2. The second cause of the varieties of the Eclipse of the Sunne is the vnequall distance as well of the Sunne as of the Moone from the earth for the changing of their distances from the earth maketh the diameters of their bodies to appeare greater or lesser For the neerer that they approch to the earth the greater do their diameters appeare vnto vs for when the Sunne is in the Auge of his Excentrique and therewith in his greatest excentricitie the semidiameter of his shaddow is i15° ii40° But if he be in his greatest excentricitie and in the opposit Auge of his Excentrique then his semidiameter is i17° ii2° which is greater than it was before by i1° ii22· And if the Sunne be in his least excentricitie as it is almost in these our dayes and also in his Auge then his semidiameter is i15° ii49° but being in the opposit Auge of his Excentrique then his semidiameters is ii16· i2° which is greater than it was before by i1° ii3° Likewise when the Moone is in her Auge whether it bee at her Conjunction with the Sunne or at her Opposition to the Sunne her semidiameter is but i15° ii0° but being in her opposit Auge her semidiameter will be i17° ii49° which is greater than it was before by i2° ii49° whereby it happeneth that sometime the whole bodie of the Sunne seemeth to be darkened and at other times but some part of his bodie and that either at some side thereof or els in the very middest of his bodie and then there appeareth round about him a narrow bright circle which we commonly call a borrough all the other part in the midst of his body being darkened 3. The third cause of the varietie of the Solar Eclipses is the twofold inequalitie of the Moones motion whereof the first dependeth vpon the motion of her Epicicle whereby she is sometimes swift and sometimes slow of ga●e And the second inequalitie of her motion happeneth by reason of her Parallax which maketh her motion to appeare variable euery houre and thereby her apparent motion is also sometime swift sometimes slow And it happeneth that not onely the time of the continuance of the Eclipse altereth but also the time of Incidence is made to be vnequall vnto the time of repletion 4. The fourth cause of the inequalitie of the Sunnes Eclipses is the small quantitie of the body of the Moon in respect of the Sunne or of the Earth and the small distance of the Moone from the Earth for by these two meanes neither can the Solar Eclipses appeare of a like bignesse in all places in which they may be seene neither yet can the said Eclipses be seene at one time in all places of the earth as was shewed before Lastly by these two meanes it happeneth that the Eclipse of the Sunne appeareth not at one selfe time in diuers places and it beginneth sooner to them which dwell Westward than to those which dwel Eastward in such sort as the said Eclipse of the Sunne will be ended in one place before it begin in another And thus much touching the causes of the varietie of the Eclipses of the Sunne Of the two speciall kinds of Solar Eclipses that is totall and partiall THe Totall Eclipse is when the Sunne is wholly darkened or seemeth to vs to haue lost his whole light and this Eclipse is alwaies without continuance which happeneth when the Moone hath no apparent latitude at the time of the visible Conjunction as this figure plainly sheweth ¶ The third figure belonging to the Solar Eclipse IN which figure suppose the letter A to be the centre of the Sunnes body and the line A H to bee the semidiameter of his body and D B to be the Eclipticke line and A B to be the semidiameter of the circle in which the Moone is at the beginning and ending of the Eclipse and the line F G to be the way of the Moones motion during the time of the Eclipse crossing the line D B in the point A which point A may also signifie the head or taile of the Dragon and the letter F signifieth the South latitude and G the North latitude and the point F doth also signifie the centre of the Moone at the beginning and G the centre of the Moone at the ending of the Eclipse and the line R F or G S doth signifie the semidiameter of the body of the Moone Now you see that the Moone by her motion commeth by little and little to shaddow the light of the Sunne vntill she haue mooued from the point F where the Eclipse began vnto the point A where his whole light is taken away and then without any stay she moueth on forward from the point A vnto G where the Eclipse endeth And although it falleth out sometimes that the Moone dooth shaddow more than the body of the Sun which is very seldome or neuer although it may so happen yet doth the totall darkenesse continue so little a time as it is insensible and therefore the totall Eclipse of the Sunne is alwaies without continuance Of the Partiall Eclipse of the Sunne THe Partiall Eclipse of the Sunne is when some part of the Sunnes light is taken away and not all his bodie darkened and of this kind there are three sorts 1. The first is when the semidiameter of the Sunne is darkened which happeneth when the apparent latitude of the Moone is equall vnto her apparent semidiameter 2. The second sort is when more than the semidiameter of the Sunne is

otherwise called of some the mixt Parallax because it comprehendeth both the other two Parallaxes vnto which Quadrant is added first the Eclipticke line deuided into degrees and is signified by the letters I H the arch whereof marked with K L intercepted betwixt the true and apparent place of the Moone sheweth the Parallax according to longitude then the two circles Paralels to the Eclipticke which are marked with the letters N M and Q P through which two Paralels and also through the Eclipticke are drawne from the pole of the Zodiake marked with S two great circles whereof the one passeth through the true place of the Moone marked with S D R and the other passeth through the apparent place of the Moone marked with S O E so as each of the arches intercepted betwixt the foresaid Paralels that is to say either D R or O E signifieth the Parallax according to latitude and the Diagonall arch marked with the letters D E doe shew the simple or mixt Parallax How the two Parallaxes of longitude and latitude are to bee compared together TO doe this it is first necessarie to know what the 90 degree of the Moon is which is a point in the Eclipticke deuiding that semicircle of the Eclipticke which is aboue the Horizon into two equall Quadrants and is in the very middest of the said semicircle betwixt East and West and this point is readily found by helpe of a celestiall globe in manner and forme following For first hauing set the globe at our latitude which is 52 suppose the Moone to be in the first point of Taurus here if you bring that point to the mouable Meridian you shal find that the 17 of Leo then riseth aboue the Horizon and that the 17 of Aquarius goeth downe beneath the Horizon which is the one halfe of the Eclipticke of which halfe by counting 90 degrees from the East point that is from the 17 of Leo and so forward you shall find that the 17 of Taurus is the middle point or 90 degree and the same to be nigher to the South than to the East Now how to compare together the two foresaid Parallaxes these fiue rules following doe shew 1. First if the Moon be in the 90 degree of the Eclipticke aboue the Horizon then there is no Parallax of longitude but only of latitude 2. Secondly when the Eclipticke passeth through the Zenith there is no Parallax of latitude but onely of longitude 3. Thirdly when the Eclipticke passeth not through the Zenith the two foresaid Parallaxes shall be differing one from another and shall not fall one into another 4. Fourthly to those that haue more latitude than 30 degrees the Moone alwaies appeareth more to the South because her Parallaxes doe alwaies fall more Southerly 5. Fiftly the Moone from her rising vntill she come to the 90 degree appeareth more Eastward but from the 90 degree to her setting she appeareth more Westward as the globe plainely sheweth How to know whether the Moone be in the 90 degree or not YOu shall know this by obseruing the hornes of the Moon for if both the tips of the horns of the Moon doe rightly hang one ouer another by a perpendicular line then the Moone is in the 90 degree of the Ecliptick aboue the Horizon but if the vpper horne doe more encline to the East than the nether horne doth then the Moone is short of the 90 degree But if the vpper horn be more to the West then the Moone is past the 90 degree And here I end with the description of the Parallax and all the kinds thereof minding now to treat of the Eclipses of the Sunne and Moone which are meet to be accounted amongst the cheefest Passions of these two Planets ❀ Of the Eclipses of the Sunne and Moone and first of the Moone THough this word Eclipse may be generally taken for the hiding or darkening of any star from our sight yet here it is cheefely to be referred to the Eclipse of the Sunne or Moone which is the depriuing of their light from the sight of vs that dwell here vpon the earth but first wee will treat of the Eclipse of the Moone and shew how and when it chanceth The Moon hauing no light of it selfe but onely from the Sunne is neuer eclipsed but when the earth is betwixt her and the Sunne which cannot chance but when the Moone is at the full and diametrally opposit to the Sunne and also when such Opposition is either in the head or taile of the Dragon or somewhat nigh therunto which are nothing els but two sections of two circles that is the Eclipticke and the deferent of the Moone cutting one another in two opposite points otherwise called the two Nodes which are before described in the Theorique of the Moone and are also plainely declared in the first part of my sphere chap. 15. But for so much as there be many other needfull things to be knowne touching those two Eclipses I mind here to treat thereof more at large And first of the Eclipse of the Moone shewing first the causes why her eclipse is not alwaies after one maner Secondly what shape the shaddow of the earth hath at the time of her Eclipse and how many kinds of shaddowes there be Thirdly how many waies she may be said to be eclipsed either totally or in part Fourthly which be the bounds within which she being at the full may be eclipsed Fiftly how many points or digits she may be eclipsed Sixtly what things are to be considered touching the durance or continuance of her Eclipse how they are defined And lastly at what part the Moone beginneth to bee eclipsed and from what part her light is to her againe restored The causes why the Eclipse of the Moone is not alwaies after one maner but variable as well in magnitude as in continuance are these foure here following 1. The first cause is the vnequall latitude of the Moon for sometime her latitude is very little or nothing at all and then is her eclipse greater in magnitude and longer in continuance and sometime her latitude is so great that she commeth but a very little within the shaddow of the earth and thereby looseth but a small portion of her light and sometimes she commeth not within the compasse of the shaddow of the earth at all and so she is not eclipsed For this is a generall rule that when the latitude of the Moone at the time of the true Opposition of the Moone and Sunne is lesser than the summe of the two semidiameters that is of the shaddow and of the Moones bodie being added together there will be an Eclipse of the Moone And the greater and more that the excesse of those two semidiameters of the Moon and of the shaddow is than her latitude the greater and longer will the Eclipse be And if the summe of those two semidiameters bee just equall vnto the latitude of the Moone then she shall onely touch the shaddow

and so passe without any Eclipse 2. The second cause of the change or variable shape of the eclipse of the Moone is the vnequall thickenesse of the shaddow of the earth for the higher that the shadow of the earth ariseth the more narrow it groweth ending with a sharpe point because the bodie of the Sun is greater than the bodie of the earth and therefore the shaddow cannot be of any other shape than Conicall for there be three kinds of shaddowes that is Conicall Cylindricall and Calathoidall The shaddow Conicall is that which endeth with a sharpe point The Cylindricall is of like bignesse euerywhere like a round pillar And the Calathoidall shadow the further it extendeth the greater it is like a cup or bowle that is narrow at the bottome and broad at the brim of which shape that shaddow taketh his name for Calathos in Greeke is as much to say as a cup as these three figures doe plainely shew Conicall Cylindricall Calathoidall ANd it is to be noted that when the Moone is in the lower part of her Epicicle neare vnto the opposite Auge thereof her Eclipse continueth longer than it doth when she is neer vnto the Auge of her said Epicicle 3. The third cause is the variable thickenesse of the shaddow which the earth yeeldeth according as the Sun is either in the Auge or opposit Auge of his Excentrick as you may easily perceiue by this figure following consisting of three circles and certaine right lines 4. The fourth cause of the varietie of her Eclipses is her vnequall mouing in her true motion either swift or slow for when she is in her swift motion the continuance of her Eclipse must needs be shorter than when she is in her slow motion And to know her hourely motion either meane or true is to be found by the Prutenicall tables But now though her Eclipse be thus variable as you see yet such varietie may be brought into two cheefe heads that is when she is said to be totally or partly eclipsed whereof we come now to speake The totall Eclipse of the Moone is twofold that is either without any continuance of time or els with some continuance of time In the former so soone as she hath lost her whole light she presently beginneth to recouer the same again but in the latter she being wholly eclipsed the same continueth some quantitie of time The first way chanceth when the latitude of the Moone and the semidiameter of her bodie being both added together the summe thereof is equall vnto the semidiameter of the earth as this figure plainely sheweth ¶ The first figure belonging to the Eclipse of the Moone IN which figure the great blacke circle signifieth the shaddow of the earth and the three lesser circles being all of like bignesse each of them representeth the body of the Moon and what the right lines doe signifie the letters doe shew for the letters B D doe represent the semidiameter of the shaddow of the earth when the Moone is eclipsed and B K sheweth the latitude of the Moone from the Eclipticke which Eclipticke is marked with the letters A C. Now K D signifieth the semidiameter of the Moons bodie and the letter I sheweth the centre of her bodie in the beginning of her Eclipse and the letter H the centre of her body at the end of her Eclipse And the right line I K H signifieth the way of the Moon during the time of her Eclipse Here for so much as the two semidiameters D K and K B being both added together are equall vnto B D which is the semidiameter of the shaddow you may perceiue that the Moone being in the point I began to loose her light by little and little vntill she came to the point K and there was wholly darkened from whence she presently began again without any stay to recouer her light vntill she came to the point H whereas she is fully restored againe to her light The second kind of totall Eclipses of the Moone is when she is wholly eclipsed and the same continueth some quantitie of time which alwaies happeneth when the semidiameter of the shaddow of the earth in the place of the Eclipse is greater than the latitude of the Moone and of her bodily semidiameter being both added together as this second figure next following plainly sheweth ¶ The second figure belonging to the Eclipse of the Moone IN which figure suppose the semidiameter of the shaddow of the earth in the place of the Eclipse to be the line B K and the line B D to bee the latitude of the Moone at the time of the middle of the Eclipse from the Eclipticke marked with the letters A C and the line R D to bee the semidiameter of the Moon H I to be the way of the Moon in the time of her darkenesse and I to be the place of the beginning of her Eclipse and H the ending of the Eclipse and M her place when she is wholly darkened and L her place when she beginneth to recouer her light againe Now you see that when she commeth to the point M shee is wholly eclipsed like as she is also when she commeth to the point L and because she spendeth some quantitie of time in going from M to L and is wholly darkened therfore is this called a Totall Eclipse with continuance Thus much touching the Totall Ecllipse of the Moone now we will speake of the Partiall Eclipse of the Moone The Partiall Eclipse is when some part of the Moone is darkened and not the whole and of this Partiall Eclipse there are three sorts The first is when halfe of the Moones diameter is darkened and the other halfe keepeth still her light which happeneth when the latitude of the Moone is equall vnto the semidiameter of the shaddow of the earth in the place of the Eclipse as you may perceiue by this third figure next following ¶ The third figure belonging to the Eclipse of the Moone IN which figure B D signifying the latitude of the Moone from the Eclipticke A C is just equall vnto the semidiameter of the shaddow of the earth marked also with B D. The second sort of partiall Eclipse of the Moone is when a lesser part than the semidiameter of the Moone is darkened which happeneth when her latitude is more than the semidiameter of the shaddow of the earth as you may see by this fourth figure ¶ The fourth figure belonging to the Eclipse of the Moone IN which figure B K signifieth the semidiameter of the shaddow and B D signifieth the latitude of the Moon now for that B D is more than B K you see that there is but a little of her light taken away by the shaddow of the earth The third sort of Partiall Eclipses is when more than the semidiameter of the Moone is darkened which happeneth when the latitude of the Moone is lesse than the semidiameter of the shaddow of the earth as you may see by