God another now all learned men knowe that the manner of any thing makes it not many as one cause may beget preserue be alone and with others worke by it selfe and by accident and therefore no neede to multiply the action Effectuum relationes omnes sunt ad causas suas separatas concurrentes concausas simul ac similiter agentes that is the relations and respect of all effects are to their causes whether they be separate concurring concausing or together and in like manner working if to separated causes then the effects obtain their names from the manner of the cause by which these effects exist if necessarily they come forth then of necessarie causes they are called necessarie effects And here by the way obserue that the decree of God and mans free will in his fal are rather separate then concurring causes and therefore if you please Gods decree may be called a necessarie cause of his owne effect but mans free will was another manner of cause and therfore being a contingent cause his fall was cōtingent obserue this against we come to the difficulties that arise out of Gods ordering of sin So then in separate causes if necessary then necessary effects if contingent then contingēt effects but if many causes concurre to produce one effect then this one effect can neuer be said to be contingent and necessarie for so one nature should be contradictorie to it selfe therefore if the principal cause of mans sinne be contingent as who dare denie it seeing it came from mans though free yet mutable will therefore that Gods decree should either necessitate the cause or the effect is impossible for so a contingent cause should become a necessarie cause and a necessarie effect should be the same with a contingent effect so then Gods decree though it make his owne effect necessarie yet concurring with mans fall works in sustaining ordering limiting whatsoeuer shall be done but without all violence or coaction of his nature For the third concauses which are absolute in their working and neither will nor can be frustrated alwaies produce a necessarie effect as the first cause and the second not only concurring but concausing each of them for their full power and freedome that which they work cannot but produce that which they intended therefore God the first cause concausing in mans fall his owne good pleasure and man for his freedome in the selfe same effect concausing his owne will could doe no other but produce vnto himselfe a miserable effect but vnto God who made this serue his own will a glorious consequent to manifest a greater good then otherwise the world should euer haue conceiued and therefore giue euerie effect his right in his cause but wrong no cause for the effect because that which you may charge one cause with all was proper to another Thou This word hath relation to 16. ver but to the wicked said God thou whose heart is full of hypocrisie worship vngodlinesse conuersation vnrighteous and euerie action an impudent lying before God and man Done Doing is to be limited for generally it signifies to doe well or euill but the second is meant done amisse whether in omitting true reformation or committing vile abhominations against the sacred lawes of God both are iudged of God in this place Gods law is cast at the backe and therfore all good duties omitted the contrarie performed in profanation adulterie the euerie deceit slander c. Held When it is taken for holding to worke Plowing Meditation Labouring it properly signifies plowing hence meditating and thirdly any kind of labouring the second signification is a metaphore hence Sampsons prouerbe they plowed with my heiffer the third is a Synecdoche A second head of significations is to hold from worke and then it signifies either to omit Omit Remit Cease wholly to passe it ouer or else to remit to hold backe some of the whole thirdly wholly to cease which all of them may be applyed First I omitted wholly from calling of thee to an account and therefore thou thoughtest that all reckonings were made vp betwixt thee and me Secondly I remitted thee many offences for which thou neuer was thankefull vnto me Thirdly a long time haue I ceased from my anger and therefore as in my mercies thou scantedst me as a nigardly and pinching giuer so now in thy sinnes thou hast beene exceeding liberall and large taken my hands and armes as bound vp in a cloth and cannot be pulled out to strike thee withall Tongue The word beeing giuen to reasonable creatures First signifies as dumme Thou thoughtest that I was tongue-tied alas didst thou neuer heare me in my word Secondly deafe thou thoughtest I could not here thy mouth giuen vnto euill thy tongue to forgerie deceit cursed speaking slaunder c. Thirdly blind that I had no eyes to see thy secret hypocrisie Qui tacet consentire videtur Fourthly silent as one consenting with thee Fiftly ouerseeing as one winking at thy sinnes Sixtly sparing as neuer meaning to call thee to account But there is one signification more and that is to thinke a secret and therefore O hypocrite it might be that God all this time was thinking a secret against thee To hold the tongue is put for silence which is a Metanomy of the cause for the effect now the Lord can properly be said neither to hold the tongue 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or keepe silence therefore a third thing is meant by a metaphor drawne from men keeping silence to wit clemency gentlenes patience forbearing long suffering bountifulnesse and a large time to repent The iustice of God as it burnes more remissely against sinne is called anger as more sharpely wrath in sentencing iudgement 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 What is mercie in executing reuenge now in all these God vseth mercie which is a compassion toward his creature offending and this is double either gentlenesse or bountifulnes gentlenesse gentlenesse whereby in his iustice hee remembreth mercy and this appeares in his patience patience and longanimitie patience whereby he most gently suffereth sinners deferreth his punishment longanimitie whereby he expecteth long time repentance longanimity his bountifulnesse bountifulnes whereby he is rich in goodnes powring forth his good gifts vpon his sinful creatures notwithstanding their sinnes and in all these appeares this which the Prophet hath said I held my tongue III. Part. The explication of wickedmens conceits Thoughtest 1. 1. Consent It signifies to consent vnto a thing and that is nothing els but the fitting of natures together either in their causes as like causes will haue like effects and so on the contrarie like effects like causes or of subiects with their adiuncts as this is a fit subiect for such a qualitie or this is a qualitie for such a subiect Let vs then applie thou thoughtest that is consentedst but alas how fitly doth Gods silence and their thoughts agree fire
deformitas prima carentia rectitudinis debitae inesse voluntati elicienti actum quem non habet secunda est ipse actus elicitus quem deus prohibet Occam in sent lib. 3. quest 12. saies there is a double deformitie of the sinne of commission first the want or priuation of that rectitude which ought to be in the will making his owne choice of an action which he ought not secondly the very act that is drawne out of this will is a deformitie forbidden of God so then besides the wills deformitie the act it selfe is a deformitie Other Diuines vnderstand by the deformitie found in sinne the want of rectitude or omission of due circumstances and thereupon say there is no cause of it but priuatiue onely but Occam vnderstandeth as you haue heard by the deformitie of a sinne of commission the act it selfe done without due circumstances without which it should not be done and so seeketh a positiue cause of it If any of our Diuines should haue affirmed this how would Bellarmine haue handled them and imputed straunge and outragious blasphemies against them b Cameracensis in lib. sentent lib. 1. q. 13. art 1. q. 14. Of this opinion are many other of their Doctors as may well be seene in Cameracensis c Hugo de S. vict erud theol de sacram lib. 1. part 4. cap. 12. 13. c Scotus l. 1. dist 41. q. Vnica sola permissio aliculus actus certitudo de permissione non facit certitudinem de illo actu quia opportet habere aliquā causam effectiuā igitur ex hoc quod deus praescit se velle permittere Luciforum peccare ex hoc inquam solo non videtur quod sciat Luciferum peccaturum soluitur haec obiectio quia deus non solum scit se permissurum sed etiam scit se non cooperaturum ei ad actum necessarium per consequens onuttet scit se cooperaturum ad substan iam actus prohibiti sine debitis circumstantijs per consequens committet Scotus another great doctour saies Gods bare permission of some action and certitude of his permission makes not any certitude of that action because it ought to haue some effectuall cause therefore for as much as God did foreknow that he would permit Lucifer to sinne from this it could not be that the obiection of Lucifers fall should be answered seeing that God doth not only know it but also knowes that he will not co-oporate with him to the producing of a necessarie act and therefore withdrawing he omits as well as Lucifer for how should Lucifer but omit when the first cause withholds his influence and againe the Lord that he will co-operate to the substance of an act forbidden and therefore it followes that God commits it What blasphemies would these be in the mouthes of Calvin and others yet good diuinitie in the schooles of Rome But thus they expound themselues that God worketh decreeth and willeth the deformitie that is found in the sinnes of commission not by his antecedent will whereby he worketh things out of his owne liking but by his consequent and conditionall will whereby presupposing the purpose of suffering his creature to auert and turne from him he still intendeth to mooue impell and carrie them forward though beeing by their owne fault out of the way hee carrieth them thither whither they should not goe first say they by substraction of grace vpon the withdrawing whereof he sawe the creature would turne from him he purposed to suffer the sinne of auersion or omission to enter secondly this purpose beeing presupposed and foreseeing that which would follow vpon it in his consequent and conditionall will he positiuely decreed the other which is of commission Man by creation was made to seeke an infinite good and loue it infinitely which if he omit to seeke in God then must he needes commit the contrarie and seeke it in himselfe for so God decreed that man not continuing to adhere vnto him should fall into selfe loue pride and all euills of that kind All this might bee borne withall saue onely they make deformitie of the essence of an action which cannot be borne withall for indeed it is so farre from agreeing with an action that he will not suffer him to take vp any dwelling in him and therefore I prooued before in exposition of those words These things hast thou done that no action was the subiect of sinne and therefore well might the action be caused of God without all fault of his But to answer the doubt 1. They differ in that omission is a morall defect but commission is a morall act the one is not doing morally that which is commanded and the other is a morall doing of that which is forbidden 2. The one lookes at the law as commanding but denies his act the other at the law as forbidding and yet performes his act Now the will of God is positiuely carried vnto neither of both but permissiuely to the creature and accidentally to the effect Yet you will obiect then God permits that which he wills not and if he will it not how can it be done Here I dare not be so bold as our Diuines are though I thinke we haue all one meaning that Gods will is first carried vpon his permission secondly vpon the thing permitted As his will is carried vpon his owne permission he wills that absolutely and by an affirmatiue act but as vpon the thing permitted it is non impedire not to hinder it and that is actus negativus And this must be taken notice of because Gods will must haue some thing to intercede and come betwixt it selfe and sinne for a will immediatly carried vpon sinne is alwaies sinnefull therefore permission comming betwixt Gods wil and sinne frees God from the action of sinne To the fourth obiection I answer that priuations are either considered as opposites with their habits or as adiuncts with their subiects in the first consideration the habite is that which doth affirme it selfe to be existent or in nature may be existent the priuation cleane contrarie denies this to be in nature nay worse then that shewes that he is expelled from such a subiect which now makes him appeare as though he were the Lord of the house and beare the full dominion As life is a naturall thing death comes and saies there shall be no life in this subiect and when life is gone the subiect makes death appeare as though he were the commander of lifes habitation night comes and saies where now is light and because no man can see the light he is faine to giue darknesse a good word and say he hath possessed the circle of the world yet neither will the world confesse he hath receiued any beeing by darknesse or the subiect of life any further existence by the presence of death Therfore he is neither being in himselfe or giuing being to his subiect but taking away a
yet bona venia with greater rashnesse seeing the Apostle intended no such thing as humane infirmitie to dispute with God but to musle vp the mouthes of the refractorie and peruerse Iewes and such like but yet he is to know that if the Apostle had brought his argument to that purpose onely then should he haue dealt with them as our Sauiour Christ did Ioh. 8. the Iewes they say we haue no neede to be made free Christ tels them Ye are the seruants of sinne therefore in vaine doe you boast of your freedom so here the Iewes might haue saide we are cast off and reprobates for so was the will of God and how should we haue helped it The Apostle might presently haue stopped their mouthes Yee are rebells against God and therefore he hath cast you off what could flesh and blood haue opposed to this But the Apostle makes no mention of this but resolues all into Gods will and that most iustly seeing to make and prepare his vessells is his own will alone When he shall come to the third to handle them as vessels of wrath the cause shall easily be found out to iustifie God and condemne man 6. Principle No mon can doe any thing but where God workes the will and the deed and it is done according to that measure lesse or more that God bestowes vpon vs. Of the concourse of Gods grace both of them agree onely that word absolute is disliked yet if in all effects the first cause bee absolutely required that the second may worke then God must absolutely concurre to the effecting of any good Seuenth principle No euill is avoided that God doth not keepe vs from in the working Of this it is agreed but the manner of working is doubted of whether it bee by omnipotencie causing a necessary impedition or of counsell causing an infallible impedition the first mooues the will naturally the second voluntarily To answer the distinction is not good for omnipotencie goes along with prouidence in the preseruation of the creature as well as it did in creation for the production of the same and therefore omnipotencie is seen in the creatures motions whether naturall or voluntarie Secondly that distinction of the wills naturall motion and voluntary is false for I demaund whether the will in both be an internall agent if internall then it suffers neither violence nor coaction but acts most freely and therefore by that modus efficiendi which is counsell Thirdly a necessarie impedition and infallible are not alwaies distinguished nay a necessarie impedition is alwaies infallible though infallible be not alwaies necessarie and therefore to make distribution of a whole into a part and a whole is against reason and opposeth those which are not opposed Fourthly the naturall or voluntarie motion of the will to an externall obiect is neuer necessarie but contingent Therefore if the Lord should mooue the will with a most certaine determination vpon some externall obiect it should not make the act necessarie Eigth Principle Gods will is iudged of by his word by reuelation and by euent Arminius excepts against the third because the euent may as wel belong to Gods permission of it as his action in it the former teacheth vs to resolue the euent affirmatiuely vpon the second cause but negatiuely vpon Gods will because he would not hinder it either by his power secundum modum naturae or perswasion secundum modum voluntatis liberae If wee graunt that God permitted sinne which before I haue shewed to bee false in regard that a manner of working in sinne is iustified of God without all blame yet doth it not follow but that the euent should be Gods Zach. 6.1 the foure charets of the world that is all euents East West North and South come from betweene mountaines of brasse Gods immutable decree which is as immooueable as a mountaine of brasse Againe that God must needes will the euent it is plaine from the order of his wisedome which runnes before and after all euents before to worke in them and dispose of them without which two causes they cannot bee he that is the first wisedome and the last will not suffer any euent that shall not be from him to him for in as much as any thing is to him in so much it is from him seeing it is equally good to both that is as good for God so good from God Now surely all euents fall between these two tearmes and therefore from God to God Againe as after the euent Gods wisdome doth either approoue or disprooue of the second causes working it and hence all euents are either ordered limited or punished of God 9. Principle No man can doe that good which he might doe by grace except God should worke in him both the will and the deede to effect the same To this Arminius replies that God neuer giues power but secondly all things that might concurre to bring that power into act This is most true for before we shewed that two things were required to produce any worke facultie and rule of working and God neuer put any facultie into his creature but he gaue him a sufficient rule to worke by But the strait tying together of these two makes the creature to stand firme and immooueable therefore religion which since the fall is properly so called a tying againe of man vnto God is this strait bond that ties the faithfull soule for euer vnto God I will put my feare into their hearts and they shall neuer depart from me This is eternall life to knowe thee c. So then beside the rule and the facultie a third thing is required not for sufficiencie of working but for certentie of working and that is when the Lord shall put into vs his spirit of grace which shall lead vs into all truth and keepe vs from falling away And this third thing Adam wanted and therefore Phil. 2.13 It is God which worketh in you both the will the deede euen at his good pleasure Obserue first it is said in you that is his faithfull ones secondly it is both will and deede thirdly it is his most free will and pleasure and therefore hee may doe it to whom he will and when he will therefore man had power and rule sufficient to haue stood but God did not so necessarily tie these together but that man might if hee pleased denie his concourse with the rule and so sinne against God 10. Principle The gouernement of the whole world and all execution of iustice is to be ascribed vnto God The exception to this is of small moment God doth all not onely in iustice but also in mercie and knowes where to bestow both this M. Perkins included in the gouernment of the world wherein both iustice and mercie are manifested The definition of Predestination reprehended in the genus or common nature in the subiect and in the ende The next examination is concerning the definition of Predestination wherein Arminius reprehends
GODS ARRAIGNEMENT OF HYPOCRITES WITH AN INLARGEMENT concerning Gods decree in ordering sinne AS LIKEWISE A DEFENCE of Mr. CALVINE against BELLARMINE and of M. PERKINS against ARMINIVS 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cernit Deus omnia vindex GEN. 18.13 Shall not the Iudge of all the world doe right PRINTED BY CANTRELL LEGGE Printer to the Vniuersitie of Cambridge 1615. ⧠TO THE RIGHT Worsh Sir WILLIAM AYLOFE Knight Barronet and chiefe Iustice of the liberties of HAVERING vpon the Bower Grace and peace from the Father Prince and Spirit of Peace AMEN TRVTH speakes with plainnesse and modestie beares with patience the plainnesse of the one might disturbe the patience of the other but truth keepes modestie from blushing and modestie preserues truth from shaming No shame for plainnesse whose plainnesse is the truth nor blushing for modesty whose forbearance is patience which is hardly angred but soone reconciled easily iniured but seldome offending sparing much but stirring little these two are so priuiledged that they may keep their court where they please without controlment of the proudest But alas the fashion of this world is changed and all is become complement hee is no compleat Gentleman that cannot be as humble as the toe as plaine as if he meant to open all his heart and as modest as though hee had learned a whole yeare to compose his gesture but nature forced is alwaies most vnruly and the face that hath most flushings of heat hath the coldest heart and burnings without are coolers within Maskes once serued for sporting but I feare them now to bee vsed in good earnest painting was but a circumstance but now it 's the best substance yet let me tell this disordered age that painting is meeter for ragged walls then fine marble for an unruly Iezebel then a chast matron in a word all strange complements they are no better then court holy water or a Popes blessing and I am sure where hee blesseth God curseth The earth is full of faire words but they pay no debts neither is any man the richer for them And I would to God the fashion had rested in the bodie but woe is me it is crept into the soule and makes all learning but a flourish Therefore I thought it right Worsh verie good to abstaine from the fashion because in all kinds we may finde them by experience to he but a daies wearing The Taylors care is ouer if he hit the cut the Shooemaker if his shooe hold the pulling on and euery trades-man thinkes his shop then best furnished when his wares wil serue the time but for my part I know not how to cut out the truth better then by plainnesse to plucke it on then by modestie and make it serue the time then by patience I care for no more if so be I may but be a friend of the bridegroome to wooe his spouse or as one of his eunuches to trimme her for himselfe neither euer did I intend to intreat for welcome by flatterie which is alwaies intertained as long as selfe-loue is at home and to what purpose should I be more curious I am sure that the painting of windowes stops the light and that plainer glasse would permit the sunne a clearer entrance a black ground best beseemes a white counterfeit and a faire countenance needs no varnish where the wine is neate there needeth no ivy-bush neither the right corall any colouring So where the truth it selfe bringeth credit the man with his glosse winneth small commendation where the matter is of sufficient excellencie there is more shew of a pregnant wit then perfect wisedome to vse superfluous eloquence the naked tale most sets forth the naked truth and the plainest style is the soonest vnderstood I do not condemn eloquence or humane learning in diuine mysteries it is lawful I confesse for the Israelites to take iewels gold siluer and other precious ornaments but let them take heede how they vse them least they make a calfe and then they loose their beautie hauing lost their true seruice Neither would I be so curious in trimming vp of the truth as though my greatest care should be for the habit of words for I know that skilfull Apelles coueting to mend the nose marred the cheeke and often the foolish dyer is not content with the die of his cloth vntill he haue burned it I know the word of God hath been sufficiently tryed to my hands and the holy Ghost hath giuen it a sufficient tincture of beautie Indeede in nature there is no tree but hath some blast no countenance but hath some blemish the fairest leopard is not without his spots the finest cloth is made with his list and the smoothest shooe with his laste But the word of God is a tree of life that is neuer blasted a glasse that doth neuer shew vs a blemished countenance a store-house of all garments to be worne without list or seame and as strong as a leopard without any spot or blemish a gospel of peace prepared without any wooden laste of humane eloquence and yet sits as close to the feete of the soule as heart can wish Neither doe I speake this to excuse my selfe for I might well learne wisedome from the Estrich that though she taketh greatest pride in her feathers yet is content to picke some of the worst out and burne them so might I picke out many things and purge them in the fire Alexander laid his singer on his cheeke least Apelles should paint his skarre but it is my mind to hold my finger off my skarres least some skilfull Apelles paint the finger not couering but pointing at the skarre and so lay open as much hypocrisie in the writer as blemishes in the writing Therefore right Worsh seeing I am to vndergoe censure and bee brought before euerie mans iudgement seat I haue great cause to seek out my aduocate and patron Iudicem aditurus patronum quare must you before a Iudge seeke out your patron In duty and loue I could seeke none beside your selfe my confidence of your acceptation is so strong that I feare not the least deniall you gaue me the first entertainement that euer I had abroad and therefore in reason I could not but present you with the first fruits of my labours I doubt not but that your selfe doth both see and bewaile the miserie of these wretched times in which Atheisme and Policie falsly so called beeing indeed little better then plaine villanie and Tomporizing haue like a canker fretted out the verie heart of pietie Few there are that seeke for established hearts and to know precisely whether God or Baal bee the true God and for resolution they resolue that the best course is to halt betweene two opinions that so all times might serue their turnes But you haue not so learned Christ for this can I testifie of your paine diligence that you labour for nothing more then the gaining of aduised resolution If I should say all that I know
strengthen all our actions The first is when wee goe about any good dutie to deale thus with our soules surely by the grace of God I purpose to set my selfe about this action 2. That my purposes be not vaine I enter couenant with the Lord and promise that that which I haue purposed I will performe vnto him 3. That I may be no couenant-breaker I vow vnto the Lord my obedience 4. That I may not be rash in my vowes I proceed further and say with Dauid I haue sworne that I will keepe thy righteous statutes Now when the Deuill my corrupt flesh the world or any worker of iniquitie shall set vpon mee thus will I answer Why would you haue me breake my purposes and be inconstant in my resolutions seeing the world despiseth all inconstancie againe though I might change my purpose yet my promise I will not alter for infidelitie is hated of all but if you will say you may put off the performance of your promise because you beare men in hand with dispensations of future obedience yet I haue a third thing that binds mee more straightly and that is a holy vow vnto the Lord which being lawfully made I must not breake for a world of wealth yet if you will be instant vpon mee and say I was too rash in my hasty vowing then I pray you consider that I haue sworn vnto the Lord and therefore to haue God to count mee for a periured person would sting mee at the heart and suffer my conscience neuer to be at peace with mee therefore putting all these together purpose promise vow and oath how should I doe this great thing you require and sinne against my God these things beeing practised I dare boldly say euery Christian shall find daily increase of grace and more readinesse to serue God V. 15 The second part required is prayer v. 15. which is discouered vnto vs First by his work to call shewing great necessitie and therefore the neglect of it must needs bring extraordinarie losse vnto the soule 2. By the proper obiect vpon mee the Lord the best succour in the time of need 3. By the adiunct of time in the day of trouble and therefore great occasion is giuen to euery Christian soule to call vpon his God 4. The promise is annexed as an excellent motiue to so excellent a dutie so will I deliuer thee and therefore happie is euery Christian that hee may know assuredly in euery day of trouble hee hath hope of the day of deliuerance And these are the parts of the true worship of God praise in prosperity prayer in aduersitie the end of both followes in the same ver And thou shalt glorifie mee therefore not vnto vs O Lord but vnto thy name for all thy mercies be ascribed all honour and glorie V. 16 The second part of Gods proceeding is with the profane hypocrites from the sixteenth verse to the ende the parts wherof are three conviction to the 21. v. sentence of iudgement in the 21. v. and application in the 22.23 v. The conuiction is of two sorts of crimes first against God the breach of the first table the second against his neighbour the breach of the second table the first which is against God is in the sixteenth and seuenteenth v. and that is a forme of Religion in the sixteenth v. but a deniall of the power in the 17. v. The shew of religion is set forth by his effects declaring and speaking 2. By the obiect ordinances and couenants 3. From the iniurie they offer vnto God what hast thou to doe 4. From a testimonie of God himselfe witnessing against him but vnto the wicked said God Therefore the religion of all hypocrites is formall in the fruit and in the obiect to the iniurie of God himselfe and the prouoking of a sharpe witnes against themselues V. 17 The power of Religion is wholly denied v. 17. First in affection they hate reformation 2. Of instruction in actions they will endure no reformation 3. By obstinacie in casting Gods words behind them They direct degrees of sinne first to enter the affections by batred of good and loue of euill 2. To proceed to action without all reformation 3. To continue in practise by obstinate rebellion and casting off Gods yoke V. 18 The second order of crimes is the breach of charitie vnto his neighbour 18 19 20. v. which are of two sorts of actions and speaches of Actions v. 18. First laid foorth in their kinds theeuerie and adulterie 2. By their formes running with theeues partaking with adulterers where the consent vnto these sinnes is taxed with the practise 3. From the motiue cause in these words when thou seest shewing how the desire of wicked men is inflamed with the beholding of the sinnes of others to make them runne with them in inward consent and be partakers in the verie heart V. 19 The second kind of crimes are of speaches first of things secondly of persons of things v. 19. wherein wee haue first the kinds euill and deceit euill in the forme deceit in the end 2. From the instruments the mouth and the tongue abused of wicked men to the hurt of others and the destruction of themselues 3. From their willing practise in these words thou giuest thy mouth as though they would sell themselues to commit iniquitie thou forgedst as though they were alwaies in the fire of mischiefe V. 20 Of persons first the preparing of themselues in that word thou sittest 2. The manifestation of their malice thou speakest and slaunderest 3. The aggrauation of their sinne in regard of a double obiect thy brother more generally thy mothers sonne more specially shewing how vnnaturall they are euen to their owne flesh and the very bowells of their mother V. 21 And thus much of the conviction the sentence of Iudgement followeth in the 21. vers Wherein wee haue the two parts of all Gods sentences truth and holinesse for it is requisite that euery sentence of God be true and holy the truth in these words these things hast thou done the holinesse in the rest The truth is most exact consisting of all requisits Truth first knowledge without all errour 2. integritie without all partialitie 3. equitie without all contradiction The first is cleare in that the Lord enters vpon the very particular sinnes of an hypocrite these things and therefore can no way be deceiued for hee that sees things in generall and these things in speciall leaues nothing vntouched The second is also most euident for the Lord respects neither the person nor the sinne of the person but saies plainely thou and these things And the third is apparant to euery eye for the Lord handles no matters either vpon suspicion or malice for he is most certain of the fact neither doth hee complaine of any thing but the fault hast thou done and therefore what shall an hypocrite plead for himselfe when hee shall see his doings plainely detected The holinesse of
is a fearefull receipt worse then pils of hierapicra or any extreame purgation it is Take him bind him hand and foote and cast him into hell fire where shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth for euer Yet let vs see the cure that the Lord prescribes in this place and first How God meets 〈…〉 if any make the question whether curatio debetur Symptomati I answer No for it is a rule that the physicke must be applyed to the cause not to the effect yet with the Lord iudgement is as sure in the effect as the cause for hee cannot be deceiued he brings vs to the knowlege of the disease by the Symptomes but he himselfe first sees the cause and therefore he discouers the hypocrite from the very fountaine thou thoughtest and also tells vs the action of his thought to make God like himselfe Yet if God should aske his patient whether hee felt this thought in himselfe or no I am perswaded he would most impudently denie it yet if he had any eye but to looke on his practise hee should soone conceiue his thought to be no better 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Wicked men 〈◊〉 so senceles 〈◊〉 nothing wil make theÌ„ feele 〈…〉 But the disease is desperate therfore what remedies will the Lord vse the Apothecaries shoppe can afoard him none therefore questionlesse that course is to be taken that men vse to take with gangrens to cauterize and burne them to the quicke euen so the Lord must deale with all hypocrites for they haue suffered the disease to runne so long that nothing can helpe it but a hote yron And for this purpose the Lord hath two First hee will reprooue him this yron shall try and search him to the quicke but alas if God will handle this yron euen to sift out one that is rotten at the heart when shall the yron cease burning all must be burnt away and if that were so then happie were the hypocrite for then should he be without all sense and feeling but alas better had he been if he had neuer been born then that the Lord should take a second yron into his hand and that is after the searching of the sore should burne them in the very consciences by setting their sinnes in order before the eye of the soule Conscience most apprehensiue which is most quicke in sense and feeling But let vs descend from the title 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to consider who this Thou is that the Lord will thus handle Hee is plainely described from the 16. verse to my text First and principally hee is such an one as wil become a publike teacher of his law and couenant but because this description may well agree to any professour vnreformed I will vnderstand it of all vnreformed professours that will needs make a shew of godlinesse but hate to bee reformed by denying the power thereof in their life and conuersation and therefore my text wil taxe many an one Yet before I come to the speciall explication of the words I cannot but a little shew myaffection to our distressed congregations that are full of these ministers that will haue to doe with Gods ordinances and talke of his couenants and yet hate all reformation often haue our ignorant scandalous and negligent ministers been warned to beware of their callings and know what they meddle withall God is not mocked neither euer will he suffer the malice of the deuill to rage in these persons against his little ones for alas what haue they done I knowe not what arrowe might more deepely perice them then this fearefull sentence of the Lord which neuer ceaseth cutting and wounding vntill it come at the verie conscience The best shast that Gods archers may vse for the battels of the Lord is alwaies to bee drawne out of Gods armorie framed by the hands and skill of himselfe and his owne workemen fit to make the manof God absolute and perfect 2. Timoth 3.17 vnto all good workes and blessed is the man that hath his quiuer full of them I know no arrowe that is able to dart and enter through euen vnto the diuiding asunder of the soule and spirit Hebr. 4.12 of the ioynts and marrowe and lay open the verie thoughts and the intents of the heart as the arrowes of Gods quiuer and therefore the word of God deals most roundly with hppocrites in this place sparing neither sinne nor person these things and thou euen thou that takest vpon thee to declare my ordinances and will haue my couenant in thy mouth I tell thee this shall neuer cloake thy sinne seeing thou hatest to bee reformed It is a case lamentable These things first caxe all vn 〈◊〉 miâ—isters deseruing the bowels of all Christian pitie and compassion and able to cause the teares of sorrowe to gush out and streame down the face of a man who is not frozen too hard in securitie and vncharitable carelesnesse when he shal but lift vp his eyes and see the wasts and desolations of so many distressed soules pined and consumed to the bone for lacke of Gods sustenance the bread of life the word of God the onely preseruatiue of the soule The cause of all this is because the very trash and rif-raf of our nation haue laide their sacrilegious hands on the Lords arke vnreuerently entred with shooes and all into his temple taken his vndefiled testimonies into their defiled mouth disgraced defaced and defamed the glorie and maiestie of diuine rites and mysteries Alas is the Church of God so destitute of labourers must Christ needes for their sakes call againe from the net the receit of custome and other trades such men as after a nights sleepe or an houres traunce are made able to turne the book of God declare his ordinances and mannage the keyes of heauen 〈◊〉 13 5. but my friend be not deceiued awake out of sleepe and dreame no more confesse I am no Prophet I am no husbandman for man taught mee to bee an heardman from my youth vp If any man aske thee what are these wounds in thine hands answer willingly thus was I wounded in the house of my friends do it quickely least the Lord wound thee in thy conscience when he shall tell thee these things hast thou done and these things will I set before thine eies If God hath said Arise ô sword vpon my shepheard and him that is my fellowe what then will he doe vnto thee smite thee deadly that his sheepe be no more scattered and that he may turne his hand from his little ones for alas what haue they done O therfore get with speed from the Lords house if thou be a cleauer to thy wedge and axe if a husbandman to the plough and share horse and harrow But in vaine doe I complaine for hard hearted men haue so flinted their foreheads seared and sealed vp their minds and consciences in all impietie as they haue made a league and bound
mercie if that then either I must be saued or damned but alas that is a harsh conclusion both in regard of God and in regard of my selfe well consider that it is one thing to determine of thy sinne and another thing to punish thee assure thy selfe that this is good reason that euery law of God must determine before thou doe any thing els were the rule no wisdome of God but also take this with thee that thou shalt neuer take any hurt by the law vntill thou thy selfe haue done some hurt vnto it the Law will not sting vntill thou haue stung thy selfe and then take heede of poison vnto death And therefore seeing Gods wisdome runnes along in this order to determine all matters not casually but certenly long before they come to passe we should yeild it and not denie it because of the execution which followes after which hath other iust causes then Gods decree but none to exclude it Argum. 3 God is Alpha and Omega the first and the last the beginning and the ende therefore nothing before him neither any thing after him therfore he closeth all things in these two tearmes therefore euery thing must haue something to doe with this first and last as from him and to him therefore must they be decreed els should they not be from him and to him Hence sinne comming within the limits of this circle that incloseth all things must needes some way come from God and be for God and therefore decreed How sinne may be from God and to God is hard to explaine yet in my poore iudgement vnder the correction of my betters I iudge this the most true and safest that the good the Lord will haue out of euil is from God and to God all the rest that remaines is nothing at all for Gods purpose and therefore he hath no hand in it he will haue the gold by his owne fining but the drosse he will leaue to the first inuentors that digged vnto themselues such kinde of pits that would hold no water for the Lord of hosts but such as he drew out by his prerogatiue royall ouer all his creatures and their actions Therefore thus is sinne decreed and the Lord had his hand in it For the other consideration of sinne as sinne it is a by-respect in it selfe nothing tending to Gods purpose but onely as the Lord drew his owne goodnes out of him And this makes vs speake so of sinne that he is decreed meaning the goodnesse out of sinne which the Lord hath appointed for himselfe II. Part in the ordering of sinne concerning his entrance and progresse This point would a little more be insisted vpon for the slanders that Bellarmine hath laid vpon Calvin Luther Martyr and sundrie other of the greatest Diuines of the Reformed Churches making them to defend That God by reason of his decree is made the cause of sinne Of this sinnefull wicked and lying report we are sure God is not the author but the deuill For the clearing of this point two things offer themselues to our consideration the first entrance of sinne Entrance prâ—gresse causeâ— of sinnes entrance principall instrumentall accidentall and secondly his progresse For his first entrance sinne had two causes one blameable the other holy and good The blameable cause is either principall or instrumentall principall the deuill and man The deuills beeing Apostates and rebells through their pride against God and malice against man became lyars and murtherers of man by bringing him into his fall man by his free receiuing of the tentation and hearkning thereunto contrary to the commandement of God when he might haue resisted the same The instrumentall causes were the serpent and the woman the serpent abused by the deuill was vsed as an instrument of seducing Evah the woman deceiued by the deuill and the serpent became an instrument to deceiue man The vnblameable cause was God and his lawe for as his law did it so he himselfe did it and if there had been no law there had been no transgression yet the law of it selfe sauoured nothing but life vnto life which thorough mans default became the sauour of death vnto death But how could this bee seeing mans will was created good How mans will beeing good could produce euill I answer First it was created mutably good secondly though there was no imperfection for kind of beeing yet his beeing was defectiue and imperfect in regard of absolute beeing therefore man compared to God was defectiue and imperfect and so might come short of his created perfection and fall away from that wherein he was created Hence man might fall but how should this power come into act here diuines lay downe a substraction of grace which they affirme to bee double first of that without which man could not but fall and without which he could not continue in his integritie if God had denied man this grace it could not bee imagined but that God should haue beene the author of sinne 〈…〉 this was debitum naturae due to his nature this God gaue him and would haue continued with the supply of actual grace to haue liued for euer if he had once pleased God A second substraction or rather withholding of grace was that without which God saw hee would not continue though both in dutie he ought 〈◊〉 posse si veâ—â—â—t sed non veile 〈…〉 and in respect of abilitie he might if he would God gaue him not a would to his might yet a might if he would neither was God bound vnto this by law of creation for it was expedient giuing him freedome of will to trie him how he would exercise it yet most certain hee would abuse it no man denies but that God might haue giuen grace to Adam in such degree measure and kind as might haue preserued him from all possibilitie of falling and haue holden him inseparably to himselfe for euer which while he denied he gaue way vnto the fall of man Thus then we conceiue of the entrance of sinne First God purposed eternally to make man a rationall and intellectuall creature indued with knowledge of all things Vnderstanding and facultie and power to make choice of what he would Secondly man could not be thus made and be naturally free Election from possibilitie and danger of making an euill choice disposing himselfe amisse and offending against the lawes of his righteous Creator Thirdly Meanes God wanted not gratious meanes whereby to hold him inseparably to himselfe and to preserue him infallibly from falling away though he were not nor could be Fall contingent naturally free from possibilitie of falling Fourthly God knew man beeing so left would sinâ—efully depart from him not necessarily but contingently yet most certenly not by any constraint but by his owne created free will Fiftly God saw this to be the best for the manifestation of his glorie and of that good which otherwise the world could neuer haue knowne Sixtly
God seeing man this way to determine his will Mansâ— determination made the determination thereof a iust way for his owne glorie God decreed mans fall and he also decreed that he himselfe would not be the cause but that man himselfe should onely cause his own ruine Thus then God did absolutely decree but not absolutely determine mans wil for that was left vnto man himselfe Determination no impulsion yet the determination of that determination was absolute and that without impulsion or coaction of mans will for determination is alwaies of things vnto their ends therefore is called absolute in regard of the end but coaction is onely of an efficient which is not necessarie for an absolute ende All Gods ends are absolute and necessarie yet the meanes that God vseth are of all kinds contingent necessarie dependent independent Suppose God had decreed to haue giuen man actuall grace as alreadie the angels haue it in heauen had it therefore been necessarie that man could not haue fallen or that God should haue constrained his wil to haue imbraced this grace no assuredly therefore on the contratie God decreed not to giue man this actuall grace of standing is therefore his auersion necessarie and constrained no but God by this meanes gaue way vnto the sinne of auersion and permissiuely yet willingly did suffer it for to enter for otherwise it could not haue entred and by a positiue decree resolued that auerting himselfe from the fountaine of all goodnesse and the rule of all righteousnesse he should runne into innumerable dangerous euills and grieuous sinnes both of commission and omission Omission is alwaies the first sinne Omission a priuation for a man falleth first from the loue of God before he can loue or desire any other thing now this sin beeing a neglect hath no positiue cause it selfe being a priuatioÌ„ neither need we seek any higher spring of it Non 〈…〉 then the will of such a creature as is defectiue and therefore doth not alwaies necessarily attend to the rule it should conforme it selfe vnto and thus of the first sinne we can find no cause in God because hee is no wayes defectiue The second sinne is commission which is a positiue act and therefore hath a positiue cause now God that neuer ceaseth to doe his worke of moouing but alwaies carrieth forward all things with restlesse motions cannot but cause the verie substance of a sinne of commission 〈…〉 of the Schâ—olman neither here am I of the opinion of the School-men that defend the very deformitie of this sinne to be nothing but the act and very substance of it for an act is a generall tearme and hath speciall limitations added vnto it therefore it is said to be well done when it keeps his rule euill when it misseth his rule now the Lord in no action goeth against the rule of his wisdome therefore he can work no deformed act only man that is defectiue may goe against the rule and so causeth the deformitie A cunning artificer makes a clocke but he suffers his apprentice to helpe to ioyne it together the deformitie of the motion is none of the artificers but onely from the vnskilfull apprentice yet will the skilfull artificer haue his praise in correcting of that aberration and turne the motion to his owne ende The causes then why sinne entred as efficient are properly the deuill and man as determined to an ende properly Gods who might well so determine of man seeing he created him mutable But to come more neerly How Gods lawe works sinne we may expresse this most familiarly in a comparison taken from an earthen pitcher dashed by the hand of a man against a stone wall that the wall breaketh it that is no fault of the walls but rather the coÌ„mendation of it working according to his owne nature but the fault is in the partie that dashed it against the wall so man being dashed by the deuill and himselfe and the serpent and the woman vpon the law of God too hard to bee ouerwrastled of man was broken in peices yet the lawe was without all fault onely the fault was in the deuill Adam and the woman the law therefore a most iust and holy cause of mans fall as the law caused mans sinne so I dare boldly say that God cansed it yet most holily and iustly Hence it followeth most plainely that God was no bare permitting cause or a forsaking cause but a working cause euen in the fall of man now as God did it so he was able to doe it and so to decree it to his owne glorie according as it seemed best vnto his own wisdome and so might it be willed as absolutely good and iust and therefore no sinne God made them the beginners of their owne actions beeing indued with free will by well doing they might deserue both praise and prize and by ill doing might deserue both dispraise and punishment But you will obiect then God might both will it and not will it Very true as God willed it it had respect of good and was iust and therefore to be willed but as they willed it it was euill and so God hated it and his law forbad it The sonne may desire the death of his father and so may God too but in so doing the sonne sinnes against God yet God is free from sinne the Iudge desires that a malefactor should die so doth the hangman yet may be the hang-man is guilty of murther when the Iudge is a true executioner of iustice Obserue then for the entrance of sinne these positions Positions for sinnes entrance First that to sinne is directly beside the scope intent and purpose of the law and therefore if the law cause sinne it is by acccident as to the law so to Gods wil which can neither intend purpose or will any impietie and therefore sinne is accidental and externall in regard of God now an accidentall principle is either in regard of necessitie or fortune How a cause by accident may be giuen vnto God now for necessitie to sinne that cannot be giuen vnto God for he can suffer of no causing principle and fortune is too strange a tearme to stand with Gods prouidence where then is this externall principle I answer if wee soberly conceiue of the nature of a cause by fortune we shal not much swarue if we say sinne was chance in regard of Gods will for chance and fortune according to true reason is nothing but the accident or euent of any thing beside his end and scope now only good is the end and scope of Gods will and therfore sinne which is not good is beside Gods scope and ende therefore it is accidentall in Gods scope and end But you wil say then God was ignorant of mans sinne I answer no because sinne is not onely accidentall to a good ende but also an aberration from the true rule of wisdome and must stand to the iudgement and sentence thereof
his iusâ—â—ce and mercy which beeing done God knew he would fall therefore in the third place beeing assured that he would fall into sinne and apostasie made his sinne and apostacy a way to a greater good then the world otherwise could euer know fourthly his purpose was not earatione to bring in this former good but for this former good God was content that man should fall yet without any imputation to God seeing he gaue him all that could be required by the estate of his creation And surely against this neither Bellarmine nor any other can except indeede he heapes vp infinite testimonies and reasons against him and other Diuines Therefore seeing the matter is so waighty and that reasons are brought both to dishonour God and bring a blasphemous report vpon his faithfull seruants I will according to mine owne apprehension obiect that which may be obiected either from appearance of reason or from testimonies of the writings of our best Diuines And the rather I will doe it because Bellarmine triumphs in nothing more then this That Gods does not onely permit the wicked to doe much mischiefe and the godly to suffer an hard measure at their hands but also doth praesidere ipsorum malis voluntatibus eosque regere gubernare torquere ac flectere in ijs inuisibiliter operando that is does not onely suffer them but also placeth his regiment in their euill wils rules them gouernes them nay doth wreath bend and bow by working in them inuisibly This is more then to impell which is the worst word that he can snatch out of our writers And therefore seeing all Diuines runne so much to Gods ordering of sinne and Bellarmine makes it as Delphâ—cus gladius Apollos sword to cut asunder all Gordian knots I will the more liberally insist vpon it beeing so direct with my text Reasons obiected to make God the author of sinne Obiect 1. Because whereof God is the cause thereof he is the author but he is the cause because euery positiue act or beeing is from God and sinne is of this nature which I shew in the first sinne 2. in originall sinne which springs from that 3. in sinnes of omission and commission the fruits of originall 4. First sinne obiected from the subiect 5. from the nature of habits From the first finne because no circumstance or manner of eating the forbidden fruit is the sinne but the very action it selfe because that is forbidden in substance and not in circumstance 2. Originall Originall sinne is not a meere priuation want or defect but also an inclination and pronnesse to all euill therefore it is saide to raigne in our members carrie vs headlong to all impietie and worke mightily in vs. 3. In sinnes of omission and commission Omission Commission first because God doth not onely know that he wil permit but also he is resolued that he will not co-worke with men and angels to the producing of a necessarie act and therefore by consequent omits and againe he knowes that he will not co-operate to free men and angels from an act that is forbidden and so by consequent doth commit 2. a greater difficultie is this seeing that sinnes of commission and omission are distinguished And therefore in commission there must be some thing beside omitting of that which is commanded and that can be nothing but doing and therefore the difference can be nothing but some positiue act neither is the substance of this act one thing and the deformitie an other but the act it selfe which should not be done is out of forme order and rule and is repugnant to the rule of righteousnesse therefore this kind of sinne beeing positiue hath a positiue cause neither is the will of man onely the cause of it but God also euen of the deformitie of it as well as the substance seeing the deformitie in a sinne of commission is nothing els but the very substance of the act which is done but ought not to be done Fourthly The subiect of sinne from the subiect euerie sinne is in that subiect out of which the goodnes is expelled and therfore though it haue not formam vel materiam constitutiuam tamen est in subiecto vnde recessit habitus that is though it haue no matter or forme for his beeing yet it comes into that subiect where goodnes was and possesseth his roome therfore is more then merum ens rationis a conceit of the braine and beeing something extra conceptum intellectus more then the worke of reason is beeing and therefore from God from whome all beeing is 5. Habits obiected Lastly it is an habit and they be qualities and euery qualitie is beeing therefore from God These and such like are arguments that the wittinesse of corrupt reason may make against God that is so pure and holy that he can no waies be a God that willeth any iniquitie Ans 1. The first argument is answered by this distinction to eate of the forbidden fruit is either a naturall act or a morall act A naturall act a morall act as a naturall act it is no sinne and this is the very beeing of that action and in this God worketh the second which is a morall act is not absolute but relatiue and respectiue to the diuine law of God and this was onely mans act which did refuse to giue his respect and due obedience to this law 2. Ans To the second I answer originall sinne is considered either materially or formally Materially according as all the faculties of man are set a running and this is positiue and from God that carries all things with restlesse motions The formalitie is the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or exorbitation and wheeling awrong of all the faculties and this is done either by the free-will of man or the law of God that beeing opposed as an enemie punished man and by his abuse turned him out of the way of righteousnesse and therefore as a iust iudgement of God the sinne is called a punishment and so beeing againe working out of mans will as in concreto is likewise called beeing by reason of his subiect who giues him power to worke and is inclined by it but the meere formalitie and the sinne in abstracto considered without the subiect and in opposition to vertue and goodnes is meere nothing 3. Ans To the third this must be answered First First for omission that God gaue both men and angels sufficient for the estate of their creation to make them able to stand yet not so much that they should be confirmed to stand therefore if God had not co-operated in regard of the first he had sinned in omitting and committing but for the second it was not necessarie that God should co-operate and confirme them in their estate of goodnesse To the second difficultie Secondly commission the Doctors of the Church of Rome haue made it and affirme it a Respectu peccati commissionis duplex est
being yet because the subiect into which he is receiued by reason that he alwaies lookes vpon his adiunct giues him the denomination of beeing as long as he rests with him yet in his simple nature the neuer can be so considered but as a meere tyrant to beeing and essence which agree so ill that if the one come the other must be gone And this is the reason why originall sinne is said to raigne which could not be but for our members which giue him leaue to stay with vs. The Ivie hath no roote or existence from a proper principall of life but most louingly embraceth the Oke and for all his strength the Ivie will eate out his heart secretly and bring him to death so sinne hath no roote of his owne yet most familiarly be closeth with our nature and eateth out the heart of all goodnes within vs and speedily bringeth vs vnto miserie For the last obiection sinne is called an habit and qualitie therefore beeing The answer is as sinne is habitus in subiecto it hath that name yet properly sinne is no habit for it is alwaies his negation and opposite therefore can not properly haue the name of his opposite yet beeing crept into vertues closet desires to put on his habit that so he may haue the more loue and welcome as tyrants when they haue gotten the kingdome of lawfull Princes will be very glad to put on any title that might please them whome they desire to become their subiects and for this cause will be content to change their names so sinne a meere tyrant will maske it selfe in the habit of vertue that so we may esteeme the better of him and willingly subiect our selues to his vntolerable yoke Obiections from the testimonies of our Orthodoxall Diuines whereby they are said to haue made God the author of sinne Obiect 1. The obiection may be formed according to these foure heads 1. from Gods will 2. from the effect of his will his decree 3. from the subiect of his decree man 4. from the ende reprobation of man The argument in generall is thus framed They which make the will of God euill his decree causam energeticam an effectuall cause of sinne the will of man compelled to sinne and his ende euerlasting punishment without consideration of sinne make God the author of sinne but this is defended by our Diuines I will at large inforce euery obiection because it is one of the most damnable opinions that blasphemously the Papists vrge vs withall The obiections against our Diuines concerning Gods decree Obiect 1. That they make the will of God euill it may thus be pressed Voluntas mala dicitur a volitione mala volitio mala est quae fertur in obiectum non debitum obiectum non debitum est malum ergo volitio mala est qua quis vult malum qua vult malum fieri distinctly that will is euill whose act of willing is euill the act of willing is euil which is carried vpon an vnlawfull obiect Vellâ— ma … velle melur … 〈◊〉 sunt idem now an vnlawfull obiect is nothing but euill All this is laid vpon our Diuines to attribute it to God which seemes thus to be prooued He that wills sinne to bee or that it may fall out either whereby he may sport himselfe as Nero did when he had set Rome on fire or else that he may vse it for some good ende as he that bids a man take poyson that he may shew his art in curing him or another steale that he may couer the naked or feed the hungry is all one as to will the sinne it selfe The truth of this is thus cleared to will sinne to bee or exist or happen is all one with sinne it selfe For first what is the beeing of sinne but sinne it selfe what is the existence of sinne but that it exists from that beeing this existing or standing out of the causes of his beeing what is it but the euent so then as God wills sinne to bee exist or happen so he wills sinne it selfe God as he loues not sinne so he loues that sinne should not be exist or happen he wills againe that sinne should be exist and fall out for his glory with as good reason may he be said to will sinne for his glory so that no difference is or can be giuen betwixt the willing of sinne and sinne to be exist or fall out If it shall be resolued God wils non impedire peccatum sed permittere peccatum that is Distincta sunt 〈…〉 not to hinder and stop sinne but permit it to be this will not free the speech for these three things are distinct first to will sinne not to be that is to hinder it that it shall not bee secondly to will it to be or fall out thirdly to will to permit it or not to hinder it The two former are affirmatiue acts work for the willing or not willing of the thing the third is a negatiue act willing but not working this permission in willing is an act but in working a negation first not to hinder others in their libertie and power secondly not to helpe but yeeld the whole carriage of the sinne to themselues and their owne free wills yet hereby explorare to trie and prooue what they would doe and secondly vpon his euill doing to make way that for euill doing the Lord might doe well and become mans greater benefactor Againe to will sinne for a good end is no excuse of this euill non sunt facienda imo nec volenda mala vt eueniant bona we must not doe nay not so much as will euill Velle perpâ—â—rare that good might come thereof for the first sinne is to will the second to doe and he sinnes that wills euill though he does it not A third consideration to excuse the point is how sinne can be the obiect of Gods will Here it is said of our Diuines that sinne in his causes and circumstances 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 wholly considered hath a double respect one to man as sinne another to God decreeing it as good but this seemes also with a dry finger to be defaced it needs no washing for it washeth away it selfe seeing all Gods considerations of sinne are of sinne as it is sinne he permits it not as good but euill yet his permission is good he punisheth sinne as sinne he forbids it as sinne he forgiues it as sinne he decrees his permission and this comming betwixt sinne and Gods decree giues him libertie to produce what good he can out of it not qua bonum as good but as sinne and euill the reason is good euerie thing hath his best consideration according to his definition And thus much from Gods will to the obiect A second thing that they impose vpon our men is Contradiction put vpon Gods will that they make God in his will contradict himselfe to will sinne to bee and to will sinne
not to bee are contradictorie these cannot differ respectiuely but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 integris essentijs simply and in their whole beeing if there be any difference then either of the will it selfe or the act or the obiect not of the will for first he cannot will it voluntate beneplaciti with his secret wil for that alwaies wils the best nec voluntate signi with his reuealed will for we are sure his law forbids it neither with both together for then if the one should will it then likewise should the other but we are sure that Gods reuealed will hateth sinne and the very beeing of sinne therefore no will in God that would sinne to be and not to be Againe for the act of his will we say it is threefold in the creatures first 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is according to his good pleasure this God approoues effects and is delighted with it and that can no wayes be carried to two contrarie obiects as to will sinne to come to passe and to will it not to come to passe The second act is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gods dispensation and this belongs to prouidence where God wils no euill thing to happen yet vpon the accident will he dispose of it A careful master of a family wills not euill to happen in his house yet he is carefull to dispose of any euill accident and this hath nothing to doe with Gods deeree The third action is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and here it is true that God does permit sinne but to permit sinne comes farre short of willing sinne to be and for the obiect that is most certaine that the verie tearmes are contradictorie to will sinne to be and to will it not to bee wherefore finding neither contrarie wills to bring forth contrarie acts nor contrary acts about one subiect nor one subiect to be applied to contrarie acts we conclude to will sinne to bee and not to be to defend contradiction Thirdly they make Gods will to haue euil effects as to incline to finne to harden not onely by desertion but actiuely and positiuely yea to impell constraine command Sathan and wicked men to conceiue plot and attempt mischeife nay more efficaciter procurare effectually to procure that they perform the same c. And thus much concerning the first argument drawne from that which they seeme to impose vpon Gods will I will produce the rest of the arguments and then I will resolue them 2. Obiect The second generall argument is from Gods decree that which makes Gods decree an effectuall cause of sin makes God himselfe the author of sinne but this seemes to bee done by our Diuines … um effiâ—ax pe … m first because they make Gods decree of sinne not a bare permission and then must it needs be the other which is effectuall for betwixt the permissiue decree of sinne and effectuall there is no meane and therefore either the one or the other and that they make it not the permissiue it wil appeare if we consider these three things primo quod deus vult vt fiat Eâ—ficere impedire pâ—â—mttere hoc efficaciter efficit secundo quod vult vt non fiat hoc efficaciter impedit tertio quod neque vult vtifiat neque vult vtmon fiat hoc permittit creaturae that is that which God would haue to be that God effecteth secondly that which God will not haue to be that he effectually hindreth thirdly that which he neither would to bee or not to be that he permits vnto the creature Now our men will not haue Gods decree to bee of this third kind and therfore must it be one of the former not the second for if God should will to hinder sinne then it could not be and if the first to will sinne to be then must hee needs effect it efficaciter and so an effectuall decree Secondly Iâ—â—editio dei euentus sunt causa eâ—feâ—tum the point is thus further vrged quod Deus non impedit ideo euenit quia Deus non impedit quod non est ideo non est quia Deus vult non esse that is Gods not impedition or hindrance and the euent that follows vpon it are coupled together as the cause and effect and that immediatly therefore if our Diuines hold that man falls because God doth not hinder it then must they needes make Gods not impedition or not hindring an energeticall or operatiue effecting of the euent existence or beeing of sinne And this is further to be pressed vpon our Diuines by the consideration of a double sinne one of commission and another of omission the one de vetito of the thing forbidden and that is commission the other de praecepto of the thing commanded and that is omission Now not to hinder a sinne of commission is by our Diuines to concurre to the very act which cannot be done of man without sinne yea and God is said so to concurre that he is the first cause of that act man the second God moouing man and in that sort that man necessarily must followe Gods power in moouing him and so of necessitie must produce this act and therefore the commission is principally laid vpon God Againe not to binder a sinne of omission is by their sentence not to giue man that grace whereby he might be kept from the sinne of omission or made able to performe the contrarie therefore God concurring to the first and denying his grace to the second must needes commit and omit that which man commits and omits Nay more then that not onely a concause but a sole cause because man can not resist the motion of the first cause and therefore cannot offend following an irresistable motion seeing hee could not sinne propria voluntate but by Gods compulsion Here then it seemes that the decree is effectuall 1. because not barely permissiue and 2. because they make the not hindring ioyne with the euent as a necessarie cause But here they distinguish first of the necessitie of consequence and the necessitie of a cause or the reasons themselues as if I should say a man is a lyon then the consequent is necessarie that he hath foure legges yet the reasons or parts are not necessarie for it is neither necessarie that man should be a lyon or foure footed But the answer may be infringed that the consequence is either of a proposition or a syllogisme and then the consequence which is the conclusion followes by way of cause as for the example if a man be a lyon then he is foure footed is a necessarie consequence but now assume a man is a lyon this is contingent yea false and will neuer suffer the consequent to be concluded But in Gods decree they make it also to assume and inferre the conclusion and therefore a cause As for example That which God hath decreed comes to passe but mans fall is decreed therefore it comes to passe Here Gods
on his sword Adam to sinne what arguments are they in reason surely causes and effects Now to kil and may kill fall and may fall sinne and may sinne what new inuention haue they brought into reason are they not still cause aâ—d effect A man may laugh therfore if he bring his facultie into exercise it is become necessarie Surely betwixt a reason in potentia in power to argue and actu there is no substantiall change The Coryphaeus of Logitians defines an argument quod est ad arguendum affectum that is which is affected to argue All men know that the power of a thing is more neere the beeing then the act and therfore a thing can part with his act but neuer with his power or facultie A man doth not alwaies laugh nay he may alwaies be a mourning Heraclitus yet he cannot part with the facultie And if it was contingent for Adam to fall surely beeing fallen the cause is not altered onely that which might be is come to passe That which I feared saies Iob is come vpon me when he feared it it was contingent but now it is necessarie strange reason that for bringing a thing into act that was in power to the act or for a little change of time nature should be altered fire will be fire wheresoeuer it is and nature will be nature whensoeuer it is Let any answer me this one thing did God intend to create all things necessarie or some things necessarie and some things contingent If all things necessarie then let vs become Stoickes if some things contingent then I aske when those contingent things were made did they then become necessarie where is then any contingent thing made of God Euery thing you say is necessarie when it is therefore when God had made all things all things were necessarie This kinde of discourse will hold no water and for my part away with this necessitie But doe you desire to know what a necessarie thing is then in a word it is this The definition of necessitie That which is alwaies true and neither can nor could be otherwise To be alwaies true is common to contingencie and necessitie for God with whome all things are present knew them alwaies to be true yet not necessarie but here lies the difference that neither can nor could be otherwise Dare any affirme this of Adam surely then farwell all libertie and make God the true cause of sinne for beloued immutabilitie and necessitie are most principally in God and therefore from him and where you finde them acknowledge God the author If then Adams fall was of this kind it must needes be from God This argument shall be cleared when I come to the answers 4. Obiect Is drawne from the end or if you like not that because may be you will say reprobation is not mans end but Gods glorie in reprobation therefore thus I frame the argument Reprobation is a punishment now our Diuines hold that God reprobated man without consideration of his sinne therefore he punisheth man and yet not for sinne which must needs be iniustice That it is a punishment I prooue it thus Punishments according to the Schooles are either poena sensus or poena damni the punishment of sense lies in sensible torments the punishment of the damned by an Emphasis is a separation from God now reprobation is a separation from God because it is Gods desertion of man thus then if they make Gods will euill the decree of his will an effectuall cause of sinne mans will necessarily thereunto compelled and reprobation mans ende or if you please a meanes vnto the same then will it follow that they make God the author of sinne but all this you see prooued and therefore our diuines make God the author of sinne The accusation is heauie in loue therefore vnto Gods Saints and the defence of his faithfull ministers I will labour to resolue euerie one of these arguments The resolution of the former arguments To the first argument from Gods will that he wills the being existing and euent of sinne I answer by this distinction that there is a double being Gods willing of sinne to be is not the beeing of sinne existing or euent of sinne in regard of a double cause First that which man giues vnto it proceeding from his free-will and this is none of Gods the second is from God and that is an existing beeing and euent which God will draw out of sinne and this is not sinnes beeing existing or euent but Gods therefore when they say God wills that sinne should be that is he wills a beeing out of sinne first his owne glorie secondly a better good then otherwise man could haue knowne and this fiat sit eueniat existat which be the words of our Diuines is good and that this is their meaning it is cleare for say they God wills sinne to be for his glorie now sinne in his owne nature is against his glorie therefore he cannot will the being of sinne for then should he will against his glorie but he wills some euent beeing or existing which he knowes will make for his glorie Secondly God wills sinne to bee exist happen from man onely but that is the first beeing of sinne as the sinnefull action lookes at the sinnefull man whereof you heard before that a sinnefull action was onely in sense an action done by a sinnefull person But you will say how should this be done without sinne I answer here God is first said to permiâ—it to be done secondly to worke it by accident but you will say comes any thing to passe because God permits yes therefore it comes to passe because God will permit for that which God will not permit cannot come to passe and this hee doth most willingly Now when God permits in this sort he is said not to concurre with the worker of the thing but leaues him freely to himselfe this is that desertion which our Diuines speake of for if God should haue concurred to haue produced in man the act of not willing sinne and haue confirmed him in the contrarie then man should not haue fallen and this is that which Caluin affirmes that God gaue Adam posse quod voluit sed non velle quod potuit that is to be able to doe what he would but not to will that which he had power to will therefore that not impedition permission or desertion was a cause why he did not will but none why he did will that which he did will But you will obiect that not to will was a sinne and God was the cause of that I answer it is both a sinne and no sinne a sinne when it flowes from a will that is immediately bound vnto it therefore the very not willing was in Adam a sinne of omission but that not to will which Adam might haue willed did not bind God at all for God was not bound to make Adam to will God might with-drawe himselfe from that
members become sinnefull It is not simply a sinne to looke on a woman for so much as to see is done by the concurrence of a rule of Gods wisdome but in that it is to lust after a woman and so here the eye looking vpon this tree is made sinnefull because inwardly she lusts after it and that is expressed in the next words when shee saies a tree to be desired and the ende of that is to get knowledge This ende is good but will not iustifie the action because the very eating for this end was expressely forbidden The 3. act is taking of the fruit thereof neither can this simply be condemned for it might be they might haue gathered the fruit and I am thereunto perswaded because this tree as well as the rest was for man and some good vse might haue beene made thereof 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 conâ—â—â—ing the first sinne The 4. act And did eate neither here am I of Arminius minde that meant subtilly to crosse an argument in M. Perkins by affirming that the very act was forbidden The natural act was good but onely the morall act which was respectiue and in reference to Gods law that onely was sinnefull The 5. act And gaue also vnto her husband this was likewise a sinne seeing God had made her a helper vnto him to become his ruine this was the breach of charitie The last act and he did eate To this some might reply but how could this bee a sinne seeing he was ignorant of it to which I answer 〈◊〉 present 〈…〉 in 〈◊〉 First I doubt not but by that excellent knowledge he had he was able vpon the very sight thereof to know that it was the fruit of the forbidden tree God brought him the beasts of the field and he named them according to their natures he knewe his wife when shee was brought vnto him these were farre more difficult then to know euery seuerall fruit in the garden seeing they are so easily distinguished by many outward appearances therefore questionlesse he knew the fruit But then you will obiect man was more foolish then the woman for shee did it by strong perswasions and he without any more adoe vpon his very wiues giuing it did eate thereof alas neuer thinke so But how then was he tempted surely I thinke it was not a new disputation betwixt his wife and himselfe that as the deuil had dealt with her so she might deale with her husband for if Adam had been absent all the while of that communication and then the serpent and the deuill in the serpent had been departed that Adam would so soone haue yeelded vnto her motion Secondly it is said that as soone as shee desired it she tooke it and did eate if this was done in the place where shee stood then assuredly her eyes would haue been open to haue seene the offence before she could haue brought Adam vnto it Thirdly if she must first haue plucked the fruit and then haue carried it to Adam and lastly haue disputed with Adam for the eating of it it had been too long a time for a woman with child in sinning and longing for an apple or a figge or what else the fruit was to haue staied her appetite so long and therefore as I doubt not but she presently are it so presently her husband yeelded too and so both their eyes were opened together But you will say did Adam stand by all the time of their disputation I know no other meaning of the text but that it should be so and therefore Adam was exceedingly too blame to suffer his wife to haue such communication with the serpent hee should haue shut him out at the first entrance for God set him to keepe the garden that no beasts should come in it Now tell me I beseech you what concourse Gods law had in mans fall and the selfe-same is my iudgement that God had in it Now the lawe stood at hand to haue ioyned with man to haue brought forth his obedience vnto God and haue kept him from all sinnes of omission but man would not heare the voice of the lawe but of the deuill against the law therefore no maruell if he fell So then the Lord concurred by his law I will vse the word of Arminius quantum decuit yea and quantum oportuit as much as was seemely and as much as was expedient and this none of our Diuines denie if I may speake it bona venia with the good liking of all Arminians so that God withheld none of this grace from him but as I said before the deede of his will or that velle quod potuit which was not of such absolute necessitie neither wanted man any concourse if he had been as good as his meanes were But you say further Gods will no irresistable motion to mans â—ill the motion was irresistable and so man was no faultie cause seeing he could doe no better Alas had they all those free actions in sinne and yet did nothing proprijs voluntatibus I see nothing at all done by them but was done most freely But then you say the will of God might haue beene frustrated Alas senslesse creatures when the Apostle saies who hath resisted the will of God at any time is most certaine in very reason it selfe for the superiour cause can neuer suffer of the inferiour cause therefore if mans will should goe about to resist or frustrate the will of God it were euen against reason it selfe for then should Gods wil suffer of mans will And againe with Arminius God forbid it should be otherwise but that consilium Deistaret that Gods counsell should stand and therefore God hath an irresistable will and if that then the motion of his will is also irresistable if this then man cannot resist it and if he cannot resist then is hee mooued irresistably to sinne Fiue propositions to explaine how Gods will cannot be resisted stay there the consequence is false I know you will graunt me these fiue propositions and I know no more that our Diuines defend first that Gods will is the supreame cause secondly that Gods will cannot suffer thirdly that none can resist it fourthly that his motion is likewise irresistable fiftly that neither men nor angels can resist it But tell mee how you can prooue your consequence therefore man in sinning followes Gods irresistable motion I know no such consequence either in the Scriptures or our men for euery motion of Adam and the woman were most free and they followed most willingly their owne motion But you will say God decreed this motion true yet no cause thereof for he decreed man should be the cause of it himselfe But could this be done and yet God be no cause thereof yes assuredly for you are deceiued of Gods decree by putting it into the thing when it is in himselfe And here I will cleare vnto you another way that God takes in his decree then you imagine First Gods decree ariseth from
of my loue and Esau to the feeling of my hatred and therefore here by these acts we are to vnderstand Gods appointment Against this ariseth the argument of flesh and blood The argument of flesh and blood against Gods euerlasting decree being not able to distinguish betwixt Gods appointment and his actuall loue or hatred in the creature therefore vers 14. surely then there is vnrighteousnesse with God To this the Apostle answers First by a correction execration and holy indignation God forbid Secondly from a testimonie Exod. 33.19 God saith it vnto Moses and therefore it must needes be most true and that is prooued in the verie testimonie it selfe First from the true cause of all righteousnesse and that is Gods will secondly from the libertie of his will hee is bound to none and therefore he can iniustly depriue no man of any right hee can claime at his hands thirdly euery subiect is equall for the receiuing of it otherwise it could not bee on whome hee would fourthly because it is aboue the reach of man v. 16. it is neither in him that willeth nor in him that runneth but in God that sheweth merci◠But you may obiect this testimonie is imperfect for it onely prooues that which you haue said of election but this is nothing for reprobation but marke what followes v. 17. The example of reprobation to set forth Gods purpose power and name which he simply willeth and you shall see the second testimonie for reprobation exemplified in Pharaoh the supreame causes whereof are Gods purpose power and name his name is proclaimed Exod. 34.5 6 7. and it is nothing but his glorious attributes and they are his iustice and mercie and therfore the name of his iustice is proclaimed on Pharaoh this name God did purpose with himselfe and that he might purpose hee had power whereby he might shew it on Pharaoh ergo qua potuit fecit qua fecit potuit decreuit c. God did it on Pharaoh and therefore he might doe it as he did it and might doe it he purposed and decreed it as he did that so it was his counsell this his counsell had no scope but his owne name this his name was wel-pleasing vnto his wisedome this his wel-pleasing made his purpose good and this good God absolutely willed therefore that which he concluded onely of mercie v. 16. in this 19. hee concludes on both mercie and iustice hee hath mercy on whom he will and whome he will he hardeneth this conclusion plainely shewes that Gods will is the supreame and absolute cause otherwise no need why either that obiection should be made v. 14. is God vnrighteous or this which followeth how should men complaine seeing no man can resist his will to what purpose I say if it had beene for sinne but the former is cut off with this resolution it is Gods will and therefore he knowes how to iustifie it and this second is answered accordingly as I haue said from the nature of passion and resistance Gods will is the supreame therefore an irresistable will and void of all passion Shall the thing forming As man cannot resist God so God will not resist man vntill man haue offered the first resistance suffer or bee resisted of the thing formed or the potter of his lumpe of clay how much more should Gods will bee resisted of man But what is all this to Gods resisting of mans will the Lord offered no violence to the will of man in his fall neither did he himselfe make any resistance to the temptation but most willingly imbraced it and gaue as free a consent as possibly could be imagined and therfore God put vpon man no irresistable motion But you say he could not resist the decree of God c. True what then could be not resist his owne will it is therefore one thing for man to resist Gods will and another thing for God to resist mans will If God should haue resisted mans will he should not haue sinned Therfore the causes beeing separate so iudge of the effects the effect of Gods will is necessarie because it hath the best ende but mans effect was contingent and had the worst ende Therefore God by his decree imposeth no irresistable motion vpon the will of man To the necessarie copulation of Gods decree The copulation of Gods decree and sinne is not causall and mans fall it is to be answered that it is not causall For if you vnderstand it as a copulatiue axiome God decrees and man falls then the whole axiome is absolutely affirmed and the former part doth not pull in the consequent but both of them are considered as going cheeke by ioule but their meaning is of a connex axiome if God decree then it is necessarie that man should fall Here we distinguish betwixt the parts of an axiome and the connexion the parts may be contingent or false where the connexion is most necessarie As for example If he be a learned man then he respecteth wisdome the connexion is necessarie if Cicero be an Orator then he knowes how to speake well these be necessarie connexions but the parts are contingent Againe the connexion may be a necessarie truth yet the parts may be false as if a man be a dogge then he hath the facultie of barking a man to be a dogge is false or a man to haue this facultie is also false God decrees that was not absolutely necessarie nay as out of himselfe it was contingent so mans fall is likewise contingent Actio interna seu formalis externa seu materialis coniuncta seu 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Therefore our Diuines distinguish of actions First there is an internall action which they call formall and this is in God himselfe eternall immutable and neither hath beginning nor ending And in this sense say they the whole cause of reprobation or election is in God alone and this is a most necessarie truth The second is externall or materiall which is exercised vpon the creature and this is in time and limited according to the nature of the creature that receiueth it and this is contingent The third is a complete or perfect action of both which they call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Extremam admouere manum a perfect finishing of the thing and this beeing absolute and proceeding from absolute causes is in his conioyned nature necessarie yet no argument to prooue that one cause should make the other necessarie And therfore the will of God makes mans will no necessarie cause of his owne fall But to this connexion it is formerly replied that it is not onely so in the maior proposition but also in the minor and therefore the assumption beeing taken out of the maior and concluding necessarily must needes be causall as if God decree then man must fall but I assume God decrees and therfore man must fall so that Gods decree inferring the conclusion vpon mans will as following
necessarily must needes be a cause The answer is it is a necessarie conclusion by way of ratiocination or discourse but not from the argument it selfe the disposition makes it necessarie but the third reason is no necessarie cause seeing that the action of Gods decree as out of himselfe and in the creature is externally and materially to be considered and so is not necessarie but contingent temporarie and mutable and therefore if it had pleased God it might haue fallen out otherwise for euery necessarie truth is an eternall truth And therefore that which is in time and not eternall is contingent mutable and alterable That which is said to the interceding cause betwixt Gods decree and the fall Of the interceding cause to wit mans free will to exempt God from sinne is most true for God did not immediatly worke mans fall But you obiect that the remote cause is as well sinfull as the next because the deuill was the remote cause and yet guiltie of the same sinne Adam commited A speciall neuerprooues a generall The answer is when the causes are vniuocall homogeniall and of the same order of working but in causes heterogeniall and equiuocall which are of diuerse natures the remote cause is neuer tainted with the same fault that the next cause is As wine is a remote cause why a man is drunke yet no faultie-cause of his drunkennesse The Gospell and our Sauiour Christ came to send a sword into the world but yet were no true causes of sedition and quarrels among men The Sunne raiseth putrified creatures out of dead carkases it can harden as well the clay as melt the waxe A sonne desires the death of his father so doth God One thing effected of diuerse causes may bee faultie in one but not in another but the sonne breaks Gods commaundement God doth it according to the true rule of iustice a sonne would haue his father liue God would the contrarie yet a sinne in neither And therfore a remote cause is onely guilty of the same offence with the next when they worke all after one forme and manner otherwise the immediate cause is the onely author of the sinne al the rest by accident and by abuse The Gospel is the sauour of death vnto death as well as the free will of man but not eodem genere causandi after the same manner of working Pharaoh hardneth his owne heart so doth God but the one immediatly the other mediatly by the abuse of mans freewill Therfore the answer is from the distinction of remote causes in vniuocall causes the remote cause is as guiltie as the next and therefore the deuills will In causes vniuocall all are guiltie of the same crime but not in equivocall and mans will working vnivocally are both in the same offence but Gods will and mans worke equiuocally the one one way and the other another and therefore no neede of participation seeing they haue no next genus of a cause in which they should communicate Answer to Gods desertion To the third euasion betwixt infallibilitie and necessitie it is granted that man fell infallibly but not necessarily except we vnderstand it of Gods decree in himselfe and then the truth was an eternall truth And in this sense our Diuines hold it not of any necessitie in mans will therefore it was only necessarie in Gods wll but contingent in mans yet the truth it selfe in the thing is to God and man contingent to God most certen but to man vncertaine For desertion we hold that God did not forsake man in any necessarie requisite for his true obedience vnto the law onely he with-held his confirmation of man If a man were set in some office for triall of his gifts is it necessarie that he should be confirmed in it I trow not and therefore this desertion was of confirmation and not of necessarie helpes for execution And here our Orthodoxe writers when they answer to that argument that iustice and mercie presuppose misery Misâ—rie potentiall reall habituall make answer of a threefold miserie first actuall which is in sense and feeling secondly habitual which is in the bosome of a man but as yet puts not forth it selfe the third potentiall into which a man may fall and this they call a miserie in comparison Iob 4.18 Behold he found no steadfastnesse in his seruants and laid folly vpon his angels Iob 9.2 Howe should man compared vnto God be iustified Habituall and actuall miserie had no place in man by his creation but possible or potentiall miserie was laid in the freedome of his will which if God had inclined vnto good and man so determined then had he come into the estate of the blessed Angels and so miserie had been impossible and his estate should haue been confirmed vnto him with God for euer not from the freedom of his will but from his obedience and Gods promise thereunto Therefore that desertion and not collation of necessarie helpe to auoide sinne is to be vnderstood of this third grace which was not a grace of creation but a further liberallity which God might haue bestowed if it had pleased him But I dare not rest satisfied with this answer because I see this third grace was onely to be obtained by the obedience of the creature that is if he did the will of God then would God haue beene as good as his promise thou shalt liue therefore in my iudgement Confirmation of life by creation was to follow our obedience vnto the 〈◊〉 confirming grace was a subsequent grace to followe obedience and not an antecedent grace to goe before it and so the angels obtained it by their obedience and from their obedience are confirmed if then without their obedience they could not be confirmed then must confirming grace belong vnto the law of creation as well as any other for what grace should man haue receiued by creation but that which God would haue communicated vnto him by the rule of obedience doe this and thou shalt liue to confirme him in life was vpon his doing I answer therefore Desertion 1. in not rebuking Sathan 2. In diuiding of the lawe and his facultie 3. In that God suffered man to be distracted and did not hold him close vnto his law in despite of the deuill that desertion is no cause of mans sinne but that God was wel-pleased to suffer the deuill to worke more strongly in the temptation then mans will should be able to oppose not for power giuen but for present act and as in this temptation the law forsooke man so God may most iustly bee said to forsake him I haue before declared that two things are most necessary for euery good action rule and power which if both concurre not the action cannot bee produced Now the law concurred not and therefore man was forsaken of the lawe not actiuely but passiuely euen as a master should promise his seruant all aide and succour as long as hee would
giue all men satisfaction and that no man would euer be able to make any sound replie to it it is become as the winde in the bowels that will not be remooued except the hotest medicines be applied and that by the iudgement of the best Physitians These rumours may daunt a weake spirit and make him despaire to encounter with such a tempest that strikes all downe before it But seeing God is in the calme more then in the rushing wind and that the truth is freely to be bought of all that meane not to sell him for the plausible opinions of the world I am bold in the confidence of my God and the loue of his truth to rescue a faithfull seruant of God out of the hands of as subtill an aduersarie as euer set pen to such a worke And why should I be afraid seeing he that walks in the midst of the golden Candlesticks holds euery starre in his right hand to protect guide and defend them as long as they walke with him O therefore thou which art the truth teach me in thy truth that I erre not thou which art the way guide me in thy way that I wander not and thou which art the life quicken my soule with the life of grace that I may speake in the chiefe mysterie of my saluation from the true experience of thy loue shedde abroad in mine owne heart M. Perk. Predestination is first to be grounded out of Gods word secondly out of true principles of reason I. Ar. It is true that the word of God and innate principles are the true foundation of all this doctrine yet because the fal hath blotted out these principles we must alwaies haue recourse to examine them by Gods word which is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in stead of all Collation This is Christianly spoken on both sides indeed the Philosopher saies contra negantem principia non est disputandum he that denies principles is vnworthie to be disputed withall yet mans principles be they neuer so common are not to be trusted without Gods word M. Perk. First principle God is alwaies iust though man be not able to comprehend it in his owne reason I. Ar. This notion is most true onely caution is to be taken that we iudge not the cause by the effect it is iust therefore God wills it but from this antecedent God wills it therefore it is iust Collat. This confession as yet makes no breach betwixt them yet this I would adde that seeing we onely vnderstand God 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 à posteriore and not à priore his backe-parts and not his face that it is lawfull to conclude from the effects to the cause as this thing is done and except God had willed it it could not haue bin done and therefore there is a iust reason for it in Gods will though we can not perceiue it which is the minde of M. Perkins which he would haue corrected M. P. 2. Principle God is independent from all second causes yet all second causes are dependent vpon him euen when they doe vniustly I. A. Occasion taken from the creatures is not to make God depend on them for his will but absolutely to will that occasion yet if that occasion had not bin giuen from them God would neuer haue willed decreed or ordained it The subiection of the creature to vanitie is from him that subiected it yet if man his cause had not giuen this occasion God had neuer willed this subiection It was Gods will that Christ should be sent which neuer had bin willed of God but vpon the occasion of mans fall It is Gods will that sinne should be punished yet mans fall gaue the occasion without which God would neuer haue punished man Gen. 18. Exod. 32.1 Sam. 2. The Iudge of the whole world will doe iustly 2. He that sinnes shall be put out of my booke 3. God forbid but that they that honour me should be honoured of me and they that contemne me should be contemned of me Yet in all this irrogation or imposing of punishment the Lord is absolute and independent otherwise the creature would leaue nothing vnassaied to escape Gods hand Collat. M. Perkins meaning is to make God independent euery wayes and therefore by a Synechdoche he puts second causes for all kind of reason that can bee drawne from them Now causation is the first and most perfect reason that can be in things from God therefore God is not onely independent as his creatures worke with him but also for all other reason that can be drawne from them Therefore occasion giuen by the creature beeing a reason must either depend from God or God must depend from it if it depend from God then Gods will was before it but if God depend from it then was this occasion before Gods will and to make any thing before Gods will is to denie his will to be absolute For the three examples First it is true that the occasion of the creatures subiection vnto vanitie was mans sinne but no occasion of Gods will who absolutely willed as much as hee occasioned For the second mans fall was the occasion of Christs sending into the world but not of Gods will to send his Son which was before all occasions For the third mans sinne is the occasion why God will punish but no occasion why hee should ordaine to punish For his admonition to distinguish betweene to ordaine and decree is profitable but not according to his exposition For saith he to ordaine is to set an order in things done and not to ordaine facienda vt fiant things to be done that they may bee But he is to know that discerno is to see asunder and is as generall as all reason wherby all Gods works are seene asunder Of the same signification is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from whence comes dialectica the art of reason now reason is first to find out things secondly hauing found them out to iudge them which iudgement is either of truth or falshood as in propositions or of consequence inconsequence as in Syllogismes or of order and confusion as in method And in this last part to ordaine is properly manifested therefore is a speciall branch of discerning and by a Synecdoche of the speciall for the generall may be put for decreeing yet properly to decree is a worke of counsell wisely discerning of euerie speciall reason truth consequent or any other thing that may make for his scope prefixed then to ordaine is the wise laying together of all these things that all confusion and disorder may be escaped and euery thing most sweetly brought vnto his end appointed of the Lord. Here take notice of three kinds of knowledge disputed among the Schoolemen Knowledge possibile actuall conditional 1. possibilis intelligentia 2. actualis 3. conditionalis The first is of all possible things that neuer shall be the secōd of all things that are or shal be the
third of such things as would bee if such and such things went before If Caine doe well he shall be accepted Gen. 4. if Dauid stay in Keilah the lords of the citie will deliuer him if I continue in beleeuing then I shall be saued if I continue in sinne I shall bee damned And on this knowledge for any thing that I can perceiue doe the Papists and Lutherans hang all predestination and so make Gods will the consequent in decreeing and mans will the antecedent in giuing God the occasion The deceit is this that from the connexion of things they iudge of Gods will about things which is most indirect and a knowledge that agrees not to God but at the second hand It is true that the first knowledge beeing iudged according to logicall inuention is of things possible for arguments or reasons afore they come to bee disposed are onely in potentia ad arguendum haue an affection to argue and so many things that might be haue this potentiall kind of reason and so we say they are knowne of God because we so conceiue of them The second knowledge which is more actuall is properly science the laying together of those things which before were onely in affection to argue The third is of these things which beeing laid together can no otherwise haue force of reason but vpon connexion and supposition and in this head would they tie Gods decree and knowledge when indeed God followes no such suppositions but absolutely knowes and wills what he pleaseth yet seeing his decree is as large as all reason it cannot otherwise be imagined but that in the manifestation of it all reason should appeare And so we grant a connexion supposition condition and occasion in all Gods works that is in the effects of his will but none of all these in the will it selfe Therefore they doe amisse to put that vpon his will which is the cause which ought to be in the effect of his will and thereupon no antecedent of Gods will but meere consequents That creation should go before the fall the fall before redemption redemption before saluation and sinne before damnation are all of them most necessarie suppositions connexions conditions and if you please occasions And thus much for that occasion which is to Arminius delphicus gladius but it cuts asunder such knots as God hath tied together whose will in all things drawes the first linke and cannot be drawne of any M. Per. 3. Principle in sense is this that God does all by counsell therefore he hath his scope which he knowes wills and disposeth vnto most prudently and therefore decrees euery thing therevnto I. Ar. The most wise God doth all things for some ende and purpose euen that which he doth not yet hee permits it for some ende and purpose therefore first it is a fault to say that God must either agere be doing or otiose spectare become an idle beholder which is no good distribution for agere and permittere to doe and permit are really distinguished and both these are for good purpose and therefore God must either be doing or an idle beholder are too scant for he may permit Secondly prudence is too short a word to inlarge it selfe to all Gods wisedome Thirdly adhibito certo fine the ende applied finis gratia and for the ende are not all one for no man workes for the ende applied but for the good therein implied Fourthly Deus non vult aut non decernit quod non potest God neither wills nor decrees that which he cannot here no sense except it be further added which he cannot do or permit and therefore the conclusion is most imperfect so God decreed to doe except this be added or permitted Collat. Agere prudenter to doe wisely will beare the sense of permission for permission comming from Gods wil is considered of vs as an effect this effect is produded by counsell therefore for a good ende and purpose so then that which God doth permittere he doth prudenter agere grant then that Gods permission comes from his counsell and aimes at his glorie and then it must bee more then a negatiue act But to speake the truth permission as it is expounded of Arminius maintaines nothing but absurdities First in regard of the cause for saies he permission is voluntatis remissae now such a will as this cannot be in God whose will is meere act and therefore cannot admit of degrees all remissiuenesse of Gods will is in regard of the subiect which is quantum and may be lesse and more but in regard of himselfe it is impossible Secondly a remisse will doth either will or not will or suspend to suspend is neither to hinder nor further the act and so the Lord should haue no stroke in sinne which is the deniall of his prouidence in the apostacie of man if his prouidence did not suspend nor his power then his wil was not to suspend in that action if he did more then suspend then it was either to will or not to will if not to will then sinne should not haue beene therefore God did will it per modum actionis That this may appeare Gods manner of working in sinne we are to consider what manner of efficient causes true reason laies downe vnto vs And the first manner of causes efficient are either to beget or preserue the second to worke alone or with others the third by himselfe or by accident and agere is giuen to euery one of these Let vs then see where Gods action in sinne comes in and because it is most apparent in the third I answer God is the cause of sin by accident And this will appeare if we consider how many causes wrought by an internal principle these were foure the deuill and Adam principally the serpent and the woman instrumentally and all these were blameable causes The externall cause was the lawe and will of God which in mans transgression did all they did by an externall facultie for the lawe is made the sauour of death vnto death not by his own facultie but by the deuills and mans free will and this work of the law was most holy and iust And this is a working cause iustified by the true rule of reason and not a bare permission If a man take a knife and thrust it into his bowels it is the cause of murder and no permission if man therfore was thrust thorow and wounded to the death by the law of God it was no bare permission but a working cause yet in all things vnblameable And therefore to denie Gods will all causation is impossible If a man would faine kill himselfe and could finde no instrument to effect it withall he would be kept from the fact for want thereof so if the Law had not bin man could not haue died Therefore it is most true when our Diuines speake of permission that they doe not in the generall latitude of action exclude it
from comming vnder that Generall head which Arminius doth in euery place and so takes all manner of working from God in sinne For that which hee obiects of prudence it is true The siue intellectuall vertue that this vertue is a speciall one for first we define intelligence that vertue whereby God vnderstandeth euery particular concerning euery thing 2. his knowledge or science whereby he knoweth all truths in things as it is of things to come it is called his foreknowledge or prescience 3. his sapience whereby he knoweth whatsoeuer may follow or ensue of euery thing 4. his prudence whereby he knoweth his fittest opportunitie for all things 5. his skill whereby he knoweth to effect euery thing most skilfully The first of these vertues belongs to all kinds of reason which we call arguments simply considered in inuention the 2. is seene in axiomes where all truths are contained the 3. in syllogismes that teacheth how to conclude out of truths knowne the 4. is seene in method and order the 5. in practise Hence we obserue that these 5. vertues beeing distinguished yet one by a Synecdoche may be put for all And therefore when M. Perkins saies prudently he vnderstands not onely Gods orderly proceeding but intelligence of all things science of all truths wisdome in all diductions and the most skilfull handling of the matter that possibly can be imagined For the third it is but a meere Grammaticall enasion for M. Perkins meant no more but the ende it selfe though he further added the application of it For the fourth God neither wills nor decrees that which he cannot is no imperfect sense seeing that God fecit qua potuit quafecit potuit decrevit that is God did it as he could doe it and as he did it and could doe it he decreed it And therefore there was no neede of such addition seeing that Gods posse brings in his officere and that posse and efficere bring in his decree But I see if I should follow him steppe by steppe his acutenesse would make me heape vp an infinite writing therefore I content my selfe with a generall view of him because a iust confutation of him ought to be in an other style Therefore that I may onely free the point in hand I will generally labour to doe it in the maine points and leaue the other to some more speciall tractate hereafter 4. God decree man table graunted of both yet Arminius by permission and occasion taken opposeth M. Perkins Principle Gods decree is immutable euen in those things which are mutable This is confessed of Arminius both in Gods decree of effectuall working and permission the secret opposition lies in two things first in that he exactly distinguisheth betwixt to doe and permit and will graunt no efficiencie to permission which beeing defended ouerturnes the nature of a decree for if to permit be to doe nothing then God should decree to doe nothing If he answer to doe some thing in himselfe but nothing in mans sinne then God should decree some thing with himselfe which should neuer be effected in the creature by himselfe so God should not perfect his owne will But it may further be replied God decrees to permit Permissiion yeelds the creature his libertie ver denies not God his worke in sinne that is to giue the creature free libertie to fall into sinne this is true permission that God will not doe it himselfe but permit man to doe it yet still we are further to adde that the wisdom of God which is his will reuealed in his law did worke in the very sinne and therefore sinne is caused by the law not by any internall facultie or power in the law but externall which beeing accidentall is alwaies reduced to other causes and therefore the last resolution of sinne is into the free will of man For neither the abuse of the law by the deuiil or his temptation had prooued sinnes in man except he had conioyned with them Secondly though Gods decree in both these be immutable yet God follows the creature in taking occasion from him in his greatest mutations to set forth his glorie This cannot stand for immutabilitie makes a necessarie truth and all necessarie truths are eternall therefore taken from no occasion of such things as should be in time which are mutable and contingent and neuer to be the grounds of eternall truths which onely haue their originall from him that is immutable and eternall No eternall or immutable truth that followes things 〈◊〉 contingent and therefore an immutable decree cannot be vpon the contingent occasions of God creatures and therefore before all occasions are considered for it is impossible either that Gods will or the decree of his will or the immutabilitie of that decree or the necessarie truth from that immutabilitie should euer be vpon occasion taken from creatures mutable and changeable For whatsoeuer follows vpon contingent things is contingent and therefore if Gods decree should follow vpon contingent things it would become contingent Indeed there is a connexion or disiunction of contingent things which is necessarie not from the contingent things themselues but either from the connexion or disiunction it selfe As for example if thou beleeue thou shalt be saued the connexion is necessarie but that thou should beleeue or be saued are both contingent A man is either learned or vnlearned is a necessarie disiunction but that thou should be learned is contingent and so is the other If God decree then it must come to passe but if the decree should follow vpon the thing come to passe though but occasionally yet would it crosse the nature of immutabilitie And we graunt him that which he saies that the tearmes of the creatures mutation which make a most certen determination and by connexion a necessarie truth yet in simple consideration the Lord might haue done otherwise which neuer can be in a necessarie truth 5. Principle All Gods iudgments are to be honoured acknowledged Exception if they will agree with the word of God and his iustice and this cannot be except they be inflicted vpon man sinfull a iust exception but not against the principle for three things are to be considered in man first his workemanship and that is Gods secondly the appointment of it for vse vnto his maker thirdly what may follow vpon fault of the vessell Men are vessels and so they are Gods secondly they are prepared of God for his vse but the third that they are vessels of wrath that is of themselues Therefore Augustine would not man to dispute with God either for his making or for the ende of his making for this can be resolued into no higher a cause then his owne will But if he will dispute with God for his wrath and vengeance executed vpon him he shal find no other meritorious cause but his sinns That he saies Augustine was too bold with the place to the Romans Arminius reprehends Augustine of rashnesse
three things Rather reconciled then â—pposed in the first first the genus or common nature in it secondly the subiect and thirdly the ende for the first Counsell cannot be the genus of predestination because it shewes the manner how Predestination is effected so that Predestination is not Counsell but that which is done by Counsell Eph. 1.11 where predestination is said to be wrought after the counsell of his owne will To this I answer that by Counsell M. Perkins vnderstands the decree it selfe by an vsual Trope of the cause for the effect to wit Counsell for a decree by counsell so then Predestination is a decree by counsell and thus both of them are rather reconciled then opposed For the second The subiect of Predestination is of man qua peccator as sinnefull and in this Arminius doth triumph as the only ground whereby he ouerturnes all other opinions of predestination so that if we be able to discouer an other subiect of Predestination the cause wil easily be euicted in all the rest Now for this purpose let vs first see how God wrought his decree and this must be done by resolution Analysis and genesis of Gods decree the only way to know it which alwaies begins with the most speciall and goes backward to the most generall secondly when we haue brought it to the most generall to carrie it along as God wrought it He that will view the bodie of a man by Anatomie must first of all lay open the outward parts and so by cutting enter into the secrets of the bodie vntill he come vnto those parts where sense life and motion haue their beginnings so wee that will looke into the secret decree of God as it is reuealed in his word must begin with the most specialls so ascend till we come to the highest which though it be last in our resolution yet will it be the first in Gods working Genesis Gods knowledge direct Αλφα God Ωμεγα Glorie Goodnesse His Vertues Intellectuall Morall Iustice Mercy Analysis Gods knowledge indirect Creation A world Man Made Holy Vnholy Redeemed A Church à latere Faihtfull Singular Analysis The most speciall subiect that can be imagined The first subiect in resolution which is last in composition is one indiuiduall and singular man and in this regard men are said either to be written or blotted out of Gods booke that is either chosen by name or put out by name as in a register wherein men are intitled vnto some honour he that brags of it and yet when the register is searched hath not his name therein is put to greater shame and this book is called in the Scriptures the booke of life wherein God is said to write and blot out mens names not that any is blotted out but that God manifests that he neuer had them in his election And this is made of Arminius his fourth and last decree wherein he inserts two most vncomfortable points First that the basis and foundation of this is nothing but Gods foreknowledge in the vse of sufficient meanes administred which beeing receiued and kept men should be saued Gratâ—â— praeueniens subsequent if otherwise damned Secondly though by preuenting grace men might beleeue and by subsequent grace perseuere yet he might loose both and of a beleeuer become no beleeuer which first of all breakes in peices the chaine Rom. 8.3 the consequent of iustification is glorification this is contradicted by Arminius a man may be iustified that neuer shall be glorified for I am sure he that beleeues is iustified yet he that beleeues may fall from grace and therefore a man may be iustified that neuer shall be glorified But the Apostle saies the contrarie Whome he hath iustified them also he hath glorified Againe it breakes the next linke for God calls all seeing he giues meanes sufficient to know and beleeue and therefore effectuall meanes are vsed whereby men are called yet neuer shall be iustified when the Apostle saies the contrarie whome he calls effectually and sufficiently they are iustified So then a man may be called but neuer iustified and iustified but neuer glorified Secondly it makes against our redemption Ioh. 10.27 My sheepe heare my voice and follow me c. Here he contradicts three maine things in v. 28. First eternall life he that beleeues hath it but he may loose it therefore eternall life may suffer death and so eternall should become temporall and immortall mortall Secondly they shall neuer perish a good consequent from eternall life yet Arminius contradicts it and saies Christs sheepe may perish Thirdly No man shall plucke them out of his hand but they may fall saies Arminius and therfore shall they be taken from him but he will say it is of themselues but that makes the coÌ„tradiction much the worse For then 1. Christs sheepe may not heare his voice 2. Christ may not know them 3. they may not follow him 4. they may extinguish that life for which they are content to loose their naturall life and their eternall life may be as subiect to casualtie as their mortall and miserable life 5. they that shall neuer perish may perish of themselues therefore Christ shall not be as good as his word that said neuer 6. Christ shall fuffer that of his owne which he would neuer permit vnto others and therefore should be weaker to oppose the violence of his owne then the tyrannie of others 7. his fathers gift and greatnesse shall be surprised his Gift committed to the trust of his Sonne shall not faithfully be restored and his Father that is greater then all though he shall preuaile against all others yet his owne shall ouercome him Thirdly it takes away all Christian confidence how durst Paul so triumph Rom. 8.31 challenge principalities and powers Paul saies If God be for vs who shall be against vs Why Paul thou may be against thy selfe God spared not his Son to giue vs à ll things yet Paul he gaue vs not perseuerance Who can charge Gods chosen who Paul there is an answer They can do it theselues God iustifieth who shall condemne The answer is easie they may condemn themselues Christ is dead yea rather risen makes intercession but Paul for all his dying we may die for all his resurrection we may rise to condemnation for all his intercession we may liue not onely in purgatorie but hell it selfe But to stoppe the mouthes of such disputers the Apostle in the 35.38 39. makes an ennumeration of all that can befall vs as tribulation anguish persecution famine nakednes perill sword death life angels principalities powers things present things to come height depth or any other thing and what more then these can be found If thy selfe be more then all these then thou art assuredly a most wretched person that when all is taken away that might draw thee from Christ then thou wilt draw away thy selfe what more desperate then this In all these things saies the Apostle we are
credentes in gratiam reoipere eosque perseuerantes ad finem vsque saluos facere in Christo propter Christum per Christum impenitentes vero infideles in peccato sub ira relinquere atque damnare tanquam alienos à Christo that is I will receiue vnto my grace and mercy all that repent and beleeue perseuere and continue vnto the end in thorough and for my Christ On the contrarie all that are impenitent infidells leaue them in their sinnes to their euerlasting condemnation and both these are peremptorie The third decree is to be found in the Church militant that is Volo omnia media ad resipiscentiaÌ„ fidem necessaria sufficienter administrare c. I will decree all meanes necessarie to repentance and faith and sufficiently and effectually administer them c. Fourth and last is of euerie singular person which belongs to the opening of the books at the day of iudgment speciall or generall and this is all that he can say for Gods decree And because wee are come to his first decree which is that which he presseth in all his book we wil shew that when he hath pressed all his arguments he prooues no more then Christ to be the cause of redemption but none of election Ephes 1.4 Elegit nos in Christo he chose vs in Christ v. 6. he accepted of vs in his beloued Rom. 8.39 2. Cor. 5.16 the argument is framed thus If God can will any to haue eternall life without respect of a mediator then can he giue eternall life without satisfaction of a mediator but this is impossible Secondly if God can loue no man but in Christ then can hee elect no man but in Christ for he elects none but those which he loues These and all other places concerning Christ the redeemed in Christ Christ a meanes of election but a principall cause of redemption are thus to be answered Christ is either considered as a means appointed of God or as a principle and proper cause in the first he is subordinate in the second supreame as a meanes appointed of God so he is subordinate to Gods decree of election and therefore neither as cause nor meanes nor condition goes before the decree but as Christ is considered in redemption he is the principall supream and maine cause of all that come within the limits of redemption we are chosen in Christ not to be elected but redemed not as the cause of election but as meanes appointed of God in our election yet a meritorius cause of our saluation and redemption so then it is most true that God elects no man but in Christ loues saues and redeemes no man but by Christ in the one the cause in the other the effect So then election can not presuppose faith in Christ remission of sinnes by Christ renouation of the spirit and perpetuall assistance because they follow election the cause of redemption and redemption the cause of all these So then while Arminius disputes his decree in redemption he commits these errors first he makes the cause to follow the effect as election to follow redemption secondly he makes Christs loue in redeeming to be the cause of Gods loue in electing thirdly he makes the meanes appointed for the ende to goe before the end it selfe fourthly hee makes the fruits of redemption as faith remission of sinnes renouation by the spirit perseuerance c. occasions antecedent to Gods decree of election So that these shal be no fruits of our election which if he graunt on the contrarie then must they as occasions follow our election for the fruit is no wayes before his cause neither any occasion why the cause should produce them fiftly though he denie it yet he must confesse that these occasions as they are holden of him must be causes for Gods decree to saue vs by Christ by faith by repentance by remission of sinnes by renouation by perseuerance in weldoing what are these but causes of eternall life I am sure saluation is giuen vnto Christ as a meritorious cause Arminius forgets him selfe when he saies we are chosen in Christ as a meritorious cause for so his occasion at vnâ—wares slips into a cause so in Christ to all the rest These then going before Gods election to left and saluation can no wayes be considered but as causes and indeed his words sound so much when he saies we are chosen in Christ not as a meanes but also as a meritorious cause of what effect I beseech you if he say of redemption then we are all of one mind but if he say of election then we reiect him but his meaning is we are chosen in Christ as a meritorious cause of that choice and so the occasion was not taken from thence but the true and onely cause Many other absurdities followe from this but I passe them ouer and yet before I ascend to the next step let me tell you how Arminius contradicts himselfe First hee saies that the subiect of election is man fallen but how can that be seeing no men are elected before they be in Christ I am sure that he dare not denie but that they were sinners before they were in Christ and therefore they were elected before they were elected Secondly he saies that we are elected in Christ as a redeemer and yet Christ is a redeemer before we be in him for application followes redemption Againe both man fallen man to be redeemed are all alike and Christ is equall to all where then is election Thirdly a man must be in the Church before he can be of the number of the faithfull and vntil he be faithfull he cannot be elected therefore election comes after the fall redemption and the Church Fourthly a faithfull man may fall and so election may change and therefore no certaine election but of singular persons Thus then the first subiect of election that he can finde is either a faithfull person or a singular person so that it is lower then the Church redemption or the fall And hee may as well begin with the creation of the world as with any of these three for all are but media precedanea and though some of them shewe more iust occasion for election or reprobation yet the proper subiect by his doctrine cannot be found out vntill we come to the consideration of a man as a beeleeuer or an infidel neither here is it fixed but it must skip againe to a singular person for saith hee that former decree is rather qualitatum then personarum of qualities then persons so that he is vncertaine in all his notions The next steppe that we ascend vnto Homo peccator the fift step in ascending is man fallen where God shewes these attributes First his holinesse in that the Lord was free from all fault Secondly his iustice whereby he beeing most iust in himselfe cannot but execute iustice as in wel-doing to them which doe well so in inflicting
though by their fall they became miferable and so might haue receiued mercie yet because they sinned against the holy Ghost their sinne was vnpardonable and vncapable of mercie Leaue we the Angels and come to men where more especiall communication is to be obserued from the diuine wisedome of God First Men set forth goodnes 〈◊〉 and mercy God did communicate with them infinite goodnes but it must be receiued by a rule of iustice Doe this and thou shalt liue and also a commination of the losse of it But if thou doe not thou shalt die the death here no man communicated with God in obseruing of the Law and therefore could there not be found in man any rewarding iustice as was found in the good Angels so that man was now for euer put out of the possession of happinesse by the Law of God and if euer he receiue this happinesse againe it must be by mercie O therefore for the loue of God you Papists consider this one thing That man is not now to be saued as the Angels are in heauen and therefore denie all your workes if it were for no more then Adams sinne for now will he haue it vnder the condition of mercie Man then hauing put himselfe out of Gods fauour and not by a sinne against the holy ghost may be receiued vnto mercie So here is a fit subiect for God to shew his goodnesse iustice and mercie and where he had decreed the manifestation of his mercie it shall appeare when he hath sent his Sonne gathered his Church and ingrafted euery faithfull soule into the mysticall bodie of this Sauiour Againe where he hath decreed the manifestation of his iustice it shall appeare in all those that are passed ouer of Christ and haue not his blood sprinkled vpon them This shall make all spirituall Egypt euen at the midnight of their miserie to crie out most lamentably but Israel shall then receiue the best Iewels costly attire and euery pretious thing that heart can wish I should follow Arminius in the rest but because I heare some other are about it that are worthie men I breake off for I confesse that I was drawne vnto it by considering how many runne after Arminius If the learned of the Land shall approoue this which I haue done and no others shall haue taken it in hand I will be readie to stand at their command to proceede in the rest And I can not but breake out to blesse and praise God that hath lately raised vp such worthie Bishops the true Defenders of the Orthodoxall truth and resolute enemies to all that oppose it I am at their command to stay or goe forward and if I haue slipped in any thing for I confesse my ignorance may soone draw me into error and error may plunge me in heresie it selfe I am willing to heare any and yeild presently but I hope it is the truth and then it will stand We haue great cause to bewaile the miseries of these wretched times in which Atheisme clouds of heresie worldly policie fasly so called beeing indeede little better then plaine villenie and temporizing haue like a canker fretted out the very heart of pietie they are but a few which seeke to search out the certaintie in matters of Religion or which care to haue established hearts and know precisely which is the true God Baal or the Lord. We had rather halt betweene two opinions that so we may be for all times then vndergoe the labour of gayning aduised resolution Some slippe into Poperie beeing lead captiue God in iustice sending them strong delusions by those false brethren which are priuily crept into euery corner through the remissenes of these euill times Others runne headlong to prophannesse and that which is of all other the worst luke-warmenes This brings in want of loue to the truth and want of this heresie so that we may well say except the Lord of hosts had reserued vnto vs euen a small remnant culling out as it were one of a citie and two of a Tribe as the shepheard taketh out of the mouth of a lyon two legges or a peece of an eare according to the election of grace we should long ere this haue beene as Sodome and like vnto Gomorrha we had bin as it is said of a cursed tongue a very world of wickednes And surely except the good Gouernours and Shepheards of our Land be vigilant and carefull we shall not so much haue the sheepe in the mouth of the lyon as the Shepheards themselues and then woe be to the flocke It is reported that Beza conferring with Arminius and seeing in his young yeares such ripenesse of wit brake out into these words Goe thy way for I am fully perswaded that thou wilt either prooue an excellent instrument of Gods Church or a most pestilent heretike which prophesie we see now come to passe God deliuer our Shepheards out of his mouth and establish them in soundnesse of doctrine that so the silly sheepe may not be deuoured by their owne Pastors Propositions 1 Gods will his glorie 2 His glorie is his goodnesse 3 His goodnesse is all his attributes 4 His attributes are his vertues 5 His vertues are intellectuall and morall 6 His morall vertues are his iustice and mercie 7 All these he wills absolutely 8 That which he wills he can doe 9 That which he can doe and wills that he decrees 10 That which he decrees is done by counsell 11 That which is done by counsell is wisely done 12 That which is wisely done is for some good ende 13 That which is for some good ende hath all good meanes 14 Creation is a good meanes of Gods ende 15 The world is made for Gods ende 16 Men and Angels are made for this ende 17 Angels shew forth his goodnesse and iustice 18 Men shew forth goodnesse iustice and mercie 19 Christ is a meanes to declare Gods mercie 20 Men onely receiue mercie from Christ 21 All out of Christ are iustly condemned 22 A iust condemnation is for sinne 23 All this God hath done 24 That which he hath done he could doe 25 From both these he decreed 26 That which he decreed he purposed 27 That which he purposed respected his glorie 28 His glorie was agreeable to his wisdome 29 That which agreed with his wisdome was good 30 That which was good he absolutely willed therefore he absolutely willed all these things Obserue that the end confists not in vse but in his goodnesse and fitnesse for vse the ende of an house is not habitation for that is after the house is made now the ende is before the making of the house and therefore that a house should be good fit for habitation that is the ende though the house it selfe were neuer inhabited The world was made for man yea and that before man was existent yet that goodnesse and fitnesse which respected man was put into the creature and should be brought forth after the creation of man
of Samaria whose eyes were opened to let them then see how they were in the midds of their enimies that meant to doe a mischiefe vnto Gods messenger so the deuill hath lead these men blindfoulded into the midds of hell and there the Lord hath opened their eyes to let them see what they haue done against himselfe and all his Saints The summe then of the words is thus much A briefe recapitâ—â—ation these things that is these sinnes before mentioned done that is committed and I held my tongue that is was mercifull in sparing and thou thoughtest that is framed me and my silence to thy owne conceit and liking like thee that is of the same mind nay more then that one altogether like thee and that which is most shamefull should neuer alter my mind toward thee but I wil reproue thee that is most certainly I will plague thee and set them that is sinne shall be brought vnto his own place In order that is make the booke of conscience most euident that thou may read in it distinctly without all confusion and haue it so fixed before thine eyes that I will keep thee to thy reading though thou would faine turne thine eyes another way Before thee that is in the eyes of thy conscience which shall be so vnlocked that it shall be impossible for thee euer to get them shut againe And thus much of the words CHAP. III. Concerning the disposition and reasons NOw I come vnto the reasons contained in the words The logicall analysis and as I goe along with them I shall raise my doctrines and my vses which after resolution is our imitation of Gods worke And therefore I first enter the consideration of the disposition of the words secondly of the simple inuention the first shewes how reasons are ioyned together the second what they are asunder For the first the bond that tyes them is twofold generall or speciall the generall bond is in this word but all that goes before it is called the antecedent all that followes the consequent The nature of the bond is to set apart such things as doe not disagree in themselues but in respect of some third thing vnto which they cannot both bee giuen and this alone makes them disagree So in this place the antecedent which containes the mercie of God and the consequent which containes Gods iustice do agree in themselues for mercie and iustice kisse each other and therefore the hypocrite hath set them at variance that God must no longer bee mercifull but iust in punishing him Partiuâ—◠〈◊〉 partium discreâ—es Therefore in this bond are two things to be iudged first the truth of both parts secondly the distinction or disagreement Truth is required on both sides for falsifie the one side and the other will not stand good because both of them make but vp one ioynt truth from whence these obseruations are truely gathered Obser 1. First that that God is equally iust and mercifull hee that will haue his mercy must be sure that he falsifie not his iustice for a breach of the one makes a breach of them both Reason 1. Because they are equall in God for they are indeed his verie beeing Hence ariseth an impossibilitie in God to forgiue an offence against his iustice by his mercy vntill a satisfaction of his iustice be made for the Lord cannot denie himselfe indeed men may passe by offences committed against them without satisfaction because their iustice is not their being but a qualitie in it and therefore the iniurie is lesse but in nature we see that whatsoeuer makes against the beeing of it cannot be indured or any peace made with it and therfore sinne beeing against the very beeing of God God can make no peace with man vntill reconciliation bee made by Christ that hath giuen a ful satisfaction to Gods iustice for the sinnes of his children Reas 2. Is the manifestation of his glorie God will equally haue the glorie of them both wicked men should neuer glorifie God except it were for his iustice Indeede we graunt that in regard of man there is an inequalitie for God may be said to be more mercifull vnto them that are saued then iust to them that are condemned for of condemnation the iust cause is in man but of saluation it is wholly from grace yet in himselfe they are both equall and also by them he is equally glorified seeing that nothing in God can receiue augmentation or diminution Reas 3. Is to leaue man without all excuse for he shal haue no cause to complaine of his iustice aboue his mercy but shall confesse that the Lord is equall in all his doings Vse 1. For confutation of errour 1. If God be equal in iustice and mercie then no mercy to bee expected but that which will stand with the iustice of God therefore mercie in Christ must stand with the iustice of God and Christ must bring in mercy by perfect fulfilling of the law Christ is the cause of life and saluation In Adam dying to die was necessarie vpon the transgression els peraduenture we shall die had been true therefore die we must either in Christ or in our selues if in Christ then by his death we are freed from that sentence of the lawe In the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt die the death being dead in Christ we are iustified from the sentence of condemnation But yet there is an other more effentiall part of the lawe Passiue obedience might free from death but actine brings life and that is doe this and thou shalt liue and God may as well free vs from death without dying as bring vs to life without doing We grant then that the passiue obedience of Christ hath taken away death and this is legally done on Christs part but most mercifully in regard of vs if then no more but this righteousnesse were imputed it would prooue of workes in regard of Christ though of grace in regard of vs. So then this mercie of our deliuerance from death is equall with Gods iustice Here is dying in stead of dying and so that part of the law that is sinne and die is repaired and fully answered but as yet all righteousnesse is not fulfilled for I am sure that this is a righteousnesse of the lawe as well as the other doe this and thou shalt liue and if this bee not done then Christ hath not fulfilled the speciall part of the righteousnes of the law for vs To doe and liue was our debt vnto God and therefore Christ our suretie must fulfill it for vs. And this wil prooue a wonderfull mercy to miserable man that hath Christ to pay his debts and bestowe the whole purchase of life and saluation vpon him It is a false dreame to think that non peccator and iustus a iust man and no sinner are equipollent tearmes For non peccator is a contradiction to peccator but iustus is an opposite habite and in act an
aduerse to a sinner and so the arguments differ Adam by creation was a iust man in habite but not in act and according to that which the Lord required and so death beeing taken away we are in the way to iustification but not actually iust vntill actually the law be performed in our selues or another And because the point is in controuersie thereasons to establish this truth may be these Arg. 1. Lex regale 〈◊〉 iustiâ—e That which is the perfect righteousnesse of the lawe is both actiue and passiue but that whereby we are iustified is of this nature For I demaund by what rule of righteousnesse is life and saluation conuaied vnto vs If they say by faith then I demaund what is that righteousnesse of faith is it the verie 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 then assuredly it excludes both the righteousnesse of Christ and that of the law and yet faith is said to establish both If it be the righteousnesse of Christ then I demaund is not that morall if morall then either perfect or imperfect if perfect then actiue and passiue That we apprehend Christs righteousnesse that is of grace but that Christ hath it for vs that is of the law The second Argument against this opinion may be this Christ did all as a nâ—ediator for those that haue need of a mediator That which Christ did as a Mediator was not onely for himselfe but for vs and for vs more principally then himselfe but all that Christ did were the actions of a Mediatour his humane nature had no subsistence but by the diuine and euery action beeing in supposito was of him as a Mediatour and therfore for vs and so both actiue and passiue obedience were for vs. But they will say his actiue obedience did fit him for our Mediatorship To this I answer if his actiue obedience be the obedience of a Mediator then in his whole latitude it was for vs and as soon as he was born he was fit to redeeme so neuer an action but it was for vs. If then these actions of fitting bee properly the actions of a Mediator then they tautologise speak no sense for so that fitting was nothing but redeeming for I am sure euery action of our Mediatour is to redeeme and to redeeme is to seeke those that were lost and so his actiue obedience was for those which were lost and if that then had we neede of all Christs obedience Argum. He fulfilled the ceremoniall law both actiuely and passâ—â—ely for others ergn the moral 3. Christ fulfilled all righteousnes morall ceremoniall The ceremoniall was not fulfilled by passiue obedience but also by actiue if the ceremoniall required both then much more the morall Deut. 4.1 Sam. 22. Hos 6.6 mercie more then sacrifice and knowledge more then burnt offerings and this in both was done for others he was circumcised for others for he was without sinne and therefore in Christ to signifie any pollution circumcision had no vse so was he baptized but it was not for the washing away of his owne filthines but ours The reasons why he must keepe the law for others are these 1. because perfect obedience depended on him for the performer 2. both the law morall and ceremoniall acknowledge him for Mediator for seeing it was impossible to be fulfilled of vs it was possible vnto him 3. because he did establish and fulfill both 4. he alone is the bond of both seeing then he performed actiue obedience to the Ceremoniall law and that not for himselfe but for vs. the like must be confessed of the morall especially the ceremoniall law beeing but an appendix and addition to the morall Argum. Against reason that death should cause life 4. Christs death could not bring life because no death can be the cause of life seeing they are contraries Fire cannot cause cold neither water heat blindnes cannot cause sight neither sight blindnes Christs death to take away death is good reason but to cause life is against all reason This is very agreeable with the Scriptures reason that as Christs death doth free vs from death so Christs life doth bring vs vnto life He died for our sinnes and rose againe for our iustification Dan. 9.24 the slaying of the Messias brings in the expiation of sinne and his liuing againe brings euerlasting righteousnesse Sinne brought in death therefore righteousnes must bring in life for if death should bring in life then life should be the reward of sinne for I am sure that the Scriptures affirme that death is the reward of sinne and the reward of sinne can neuer be the cause of life What hath a schoole-boy deserued when his master hath whipped him so what haue we deserued in Christ when we are onely punished in him Sinne and the reward of sinne haue no agreement with life Therefore it is true that the expiation of sinne is wrought by Christs passiue obedience and life by his actiue Argum. 5. All types whereof Christ is the truth Types prooue both actine and passiue obedience to bee found in Christ point at this assertion first in the couenant of grace there was the Arke and the Table Exod. 24.7 in the Arke was the booke of the law and so the booke of the lawe went with the couenant and was to be found in Christ for vs. Exod. 25.22 the Mercie-seat was betweene the two Cherubims and these were vpon the Arke of the Testament Mal. 3.1 therefore no seat of mercie without the Arke of the Testament The pascall lambe must be without spot eaten with sweete bread and sowre hearbs both must be in Christ therefore not onely the soure hearbs of his death and passion but the sweet bread of his righteousnesse Vrim and Thummim must be on the Priests breast when he carries the peoples iudgement before God and this must be had beside blood therefore righteousnes beside passion Ar. 6. From similitudes familiarly applied in the Scriptures whose end purpose are to prooue this First the wiues debt is made the husbands and we beeing married vnto Christ the debt that we owe God by our creation must be payed before he will admit of vs now that debt was Do and liue and this Christ hath done and so we shall liue Secondly Christ is the head of his Church and therefore must he giue vnto his members life motion and all things needfull Thirdly the suretie must pay and discharge the whole debt of him for whome he is bound all of vs are bankerupts and stand in neede to haue a great debt discharged for vs and likewise a new stocke purchased To conclude it is foolish to make such a distinction as this seeing all the actions of our Mediator are as wel actiue as passiue his life is not taken from him but he laies it downe willingly and euen from his conception his humanitie being assisted by his deity which could not suffer turned all Christs sufferings into actions I haue bin drawne to inlarge
commaunding authoritie he that bad the Theames stand if he had not gotten away he should haue knowne what they would haue thought of his power so shall the Lord deale with them when his wrath shall ouertake them and they shall not be able to flie away Fourth sinne is blasphemie against the Trinitie 4 Sinne against the whole Trinitie for they conclude these damnable words in the name of the father sonne and holy Ghost Fifth sinne is profanation of Gods holy ordinances 5. Profanation for then comes in a creed a pater noster and an Aue-maria The sixt sinne 6. A signe of iâ— in the iust pâ—nishment or rather an admirable punishment falling most secretly vpon them and that is this if the beast be forespoken then the blesser shall fall a goning or yoning that is be sicke at the heart and if this followe then an euident signe the beast is forespoken Oh consider this yee simple and ignorant people that will needs forget God Are not all sicknesses the plagues of God then a plaine case that God plagueth you by the deuil wheÌ„ you are about your good praiers Superstition Abuse of Baptisme A second kind for beasts is no better then this For first if the beast haue no name then must they giue it one or if they haue one then must they tell the name If this be done that the beast may the better be blessed it is superstition or secondly if for dedication to their office then abuse of baptisme wherein we are named that wee may giue vp our names vnto Christ Second sinne is the abuse of Gods prouidence Prouidence for after this they say if thou be forspoken by heart by eye or by tongue as though these were any causes Dauid saw more in Shemeis cursing and rayling and therefore God will say vnto them yee haue abused me for I did that euill vnto your goods because ye sinned against me and haue not repented therefore haue you done sinfully with Saul to goe vnto a witch The third abuse is of a grace in reconciliation for they say Reconciliation Three bitter brists hast thou borne and three good meanings be thy boote that is thou hast been troubled exceedingly but thou shalt haue great comfort A strange thing that that which can be applied to no creature but the sonnes of adoption Rom. 8.28 should be applyed to bruite beasts Fourth sinne is blasphemie 1. Against the Trinitie in that they conclude as before 4 Against the Trinity Christ grace in the name of the Father Sonne and holy Ghost 2. Against Christ in that they bring in his fiue bloody wounds 3. Against grace for they say to the beast vpon those words would giue thee grace to amend strange that grace should bee giuen to beasts euen that which followeth the passion of our Sauiour Christ Fift sinne 5. Profanation is against Gods worship for then come in again a companie of prayers and it must be done three times before and after sunne rise or set A worke of darkenes and full of superstition Another kind they haue for the healing of men both of their eies and also of their teeth which are of the same nature That for the eyes is full of ridiculous iesting and can hardly be named without blushing yet because men are so blind that they will perceiue nothing vntill we iust gall them vpon the sore I will as modestly as I can shew how they sinne against God First they vse lying in that there is neither such meeting asking 1 Lying answering as they speake of for the 3. virgins as they tearm them neuer met those 3. that they speak of to wit Frith Frith-well 2 Forsaking God and our Ladie as they say Secondly a great sinne to ascribe such power vnto them as shall make them mightifull for the curing of the eyes that is to forsake God and trust in they knowe not what 3. Abuse of the Saints Thirdly to ioyne the blessed virgin Marie with two deuils for what these two names signifie els I knowe not must needs be a great abuse of the glorified Saints 4. Iesting Fourthly there is ridiculous iesting in serious matters for the forme is so foolish that it would make any man breake out into laughter Now the curing of the eyes is no small matter the eie is deare and pretious and therefore ought to be dealt withall in a more serious manner 5. Abuse of the creatures Fiftly abuse of Gods creatures as redde gold running water greene grasse gray-goose feather which neither by diuine ordinarion as Sacraments nor physically haue any such power of curing 6. Superstition and therefore they shall rise against them at the day of iudgement Sixtly these beeing dipped in the water and the eie thrise washed is the cure meere superstition and a meere ceremonie of the deuills which hath his power and efficacie from the deuill Lastly for the tooth for faine would I make an ende yet still doe I respect the good of mens soules This is but short in forme yet full enough of sinne first 1. Coniuring 2. Abuse of the creatures 3. Of Gods sacrifices it containes in it the forme of coniuring secondly abuse of Gods creatures thirdly abuse of Gods sacrifices for the creatures that they haue abused as a hasel sticke written on must be burnt in the fire I knowe not for what ende except to sacrifice for the teeth fourthly the words written are both senslesse and ridiculous 4. … ly for illa abs Hur Sur who can expound them to any good sense surely I may expound them out of Latine and Hebrue she is without a double prince for Hur signifies a Prince in the Hebrue tongue and so doth Sur and without all question a witch is without any king vpon earth for she ought to die and she is without God But alas they haue reasons to perswade The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—he ignorant there is a salue for euerie sore we see the cure wrought by them and all that they doe is by good prayers and we see no hurt in them Well a falue for euerie sore must be gotten lawfully and also applyed lawfully but here is neither of both Secondly they doe the cure that is a lie for it is the deuill that doth it to get men to beleeue him and so for their paines they loose their soules Examples of this wee haue in the Scripture Witches doe many thing but the whole efficacy is from the deuill Saul had the matters came to passe that the deuill told him and therefore saies God Deut. 13.2 though it come to passe yet thou shalt not listen thereunto for the Lord doth it to trie thee withal whether thou wilt serue him or other gods Act. 8. Samaria was seduced by Simon the Sorcerer they esteemed him as some great man gaue heed vnto him from the least to the greatest because he had bewitched them with sorceries One was
wicked men pay all to the deuill nothing to God and therefore because they will be thus debt-bound to the flesh to liue after it they shall be sure to die Reas Comparison with others 3. is comparison with others First wicked and profane which are extraordinarily beastly these men oftentime liue a faire life and die a quiet death and therefore if God loued them a little in both these then surely must I needs be loued of God much more Againe with the godly they are a companie of precise persons men of melancholy dispositions at peace with no men cannot liue quietly at home but they must abroad to heare sermons and yet for all this I sit still at home content with that which God sends and am as wel esteemed of my neighbours as they and why then should not I be in the fauour of God as well as they Thus dealing with their owne soules they are farre gone in a conceit that God is like vnto them and loues them most dearely therefore are sure to die in it 1. Vse reprehension first confutation of the wicked that they are of an other kind of stampe then they dreame of they conceit heauen and happines when indeede they are but one steppe from hell 2. Correction of the godly that if they trust for any fauour at the hands of wicked men they shall be deceiued for it is impossible they should doe them good except the Lord worke it out of them for they are forlorne creatures and forsaken of God 2. Vse instruction First admonition to the wicked that they bragge not too much of their prosperitie in so high a conceit of all is well with them 2. A direction to the godly to conceiue best of themselues when they haue learned the greatest humilitie to confesse that they are but dust and ashes and lesse then the least of Gods mercies This will make them mount vpon Eagles wings vnto the kingdome of heauen and the throne of glorie 3. Vse consolation First in our exaltation when we shall consider what a difference there is betwixt the true loue of God shed abroad in our hearts and that vaine conceit that we had of it in our owne thoughts Paul thought he did well and that it was an acceptable sacrifice vnto God to shed the blood of the poore Christians he was zealous for the law and surely he had no small conceit of Gods loue toward him But when the Lord had appeared vnto him and told him of his seruice he becomes of an other minde and triumphs in nothing but in Christ crucified and that with an execration God forbid now he sees the world crucified vnto himselfe and himselfe vnto the world 2. This obseruation may vouchsafe comfort in affliction that therefore the Lord doth afflict vs that we may not trust too much to our selues but truly resort vnto him that will denie vs no comfort Reason for all opinions Obs 6. No opinion so absurd but men wil haue some appearance of reason for it That God is like man is a conceit vaine enough and full of absurditie yet the hypocrite hath his reason for it because God is silent This point is cleare in all kinds of errors Atheisme which for breuitie I refer to foure heads Atheisme Idolatrie heresie prophannes Atheisme a strange opinion euen against reason it selfe and the crie of the whole world which cannot but make God the first and the last For if there be any beeing which cannot be denied then must it needs be either the first beeing or a beeing from the first for to say that there are two first beeings is false seeing that two doth alwaies presuppose one but one doth not alwaies presuppose two one may be without two but two cannot be without one therefore euery beeing wil say that God is this first that God is this one Secondly euery creature is for some next ende as all things are for man now for what next ende is man surely for God or else he is good for nothing A stately building can not be except some man haue his hand in it though I can see neuer a man about it This stately palace of the world could not be except God had shewed his power in it although wee cannot see his presence according to his essence yet see how Atheisme preuailes 1. Of God there is no cause aboue nature or fortune for into these two may all things be resolued as the first principles and therefore there is no God Tush God sees not neither is there any knowledge in the most high 2. Of creation Atheisme of his works first of creation that could not be because the Lord had no workemen to helpe him no instruments to worke by nor any matter to worke from 3. Of prouidence Againe no prouidence because bonis malè malis benè Neither any last iudgement 4. Of last iudgement because all things come a like since the fathers Neither haue we these generall Atheists alone Partiall Atheisme but also many partiall Athiests denying of his particular prouidence ouer all creatures â— Of speciall prouâ—â—ence in all creatures It is too base for the Lord to take care for smal creatures and actions of small moment because he sits like a king and therefore iudgeth the great matters of the world â— In sinne and the rest he puts ouer to angels and men nature and fortune Againe those that denie the prouidence of God ouer sinne saying hee hath a bare knowledge of it as though there were any prouidence which did not containe in it knowledge and care and they are not without reason for it God is not the author of sinne a good reason if it were not mis-applied Againe the Aramites the 1. of King 20. v. 23. 3. Of Gods vbiquitie will fight no more with Israel in the mountaines because their Gods are the Gods of the mountaines and therefore they ouercome vs but let vs fight against them in the plaine and doubtlesse wee shall ouercome them Here is an vndoubted argument that God is not euery where and therefore they might as well haue said no where Beside 2. Of his special and extraâ—â—dinary prâ—â—idence we haue more secret Atheist as some physitians which when God shewes his extraordinarie prouidence in preseruing some without food for many yeares will shew how this may be done by the losse of stomack liuer and the rest of the instruments which serue for nutrition and they further adde for the preuenting of the death of the bodie that these parts are turned in salinam substantiam which saltie substance is so farre from corrupting the body that it preserues it now for the continuance of life they adde further that the braine heart and lungs being in their naturall force giue life sence and motion by reason that breathing is from without as well as from within whereby the lungs are preserued and that the spirits vitall and animall are
of hypocrits in this place Absurditie of Atheisme is nothing but a thought and a conceit of their owne for so the words runne plainely therefore thou thoughtest and this will bee plaine if we examine it in all the former opinions First Atheisme there is no God Of God because they thinke he seeth them not euen as if the owle or woodcock when they haue gotten their heads into a hole should thinke no body seeth them because they see nobodie or like the blind man in Athens which going to bed with his eye-sight and admiring at the extraordinarie length of the night crieth out against the gods that they kept the day so long from appearing when alas in the night time hee fell blind and therefore thought that all the world was blind as well as he when indeed other men had beene vp and at their workes now readie to sleep againe So deale these men with God they blind themselues and therefore God must be blind too but he will find them out and then they shal know that this was but a conceit Againe nature and fortune are the two supreame causes I would that these men had stood by the ouens mouth in Daniel cap. 3. and had seene the three children in the middest of the fire bound in their coates their hosen and their cloakes with their other garments and yet not an haire of their heads to be burnt neither their coats changed nor any smell of fire to be vpon them and yet the flame of the fire issuing out of the ouen to haue slaine those men that brought them forth what reason would they haue giuen of this I feare not but with the king they would haue made a decree that they would neuer againe blaspheme against this God because there was neuer God that could deliuer after this sort we will therefore declare his signes and wonders and confesse that his kingdome is an euerlasting kingdom and his dominion is from generation to generation The conceit of the Epicures No world Creation because no instruments nor matter is a fond conceit for the best workeman in the best worke is able to worke without any of these and to worke by any of these is imperfection for who goeth to the market to buy instruments to make him reason with all yet to reason is a more excellent worke then to build a stately pallace therefore God beeing most perfect could not worke by instruments for then should be haue been imperfect Againe for his prouidence Prouidence if a man see a father whippe his child and spare his seruant and should say he loued his seruant better then his child euery man would laugh him to scorne so if the Lord whip his children spare the wicked it is not for want of loue to the one or manifestation of loue to the other So for the last iudgement Peter telleth them 2. Pet. 3.5 Last iudgment That this they willingly knewe not how all things were by the word of God and by the same word are still kept in store against the day of iudgement and of the destruction of vngodly men for one day is with the Lord as a thousand yeres and a thousand yeeres as one day no slacknes with him onely the creature must haue his time and then shall be perish or be saued The conceits of partiall Atheists Partial atheisme It is too base for the Lord to take care for base creatures they might as well say to haue created them for the Lord made nothing which his prouidence did not guide and if he be the first and last of all creatures then as all creatures are from him so all must be vnto him and that by his owne wisdome It is the cunning Musitian that must haue the handling of an instrumēt composed of many strings and in nature dissonant to make it sound foorth his skilfull praise and therefore to keepe that excellent harmony among the creatures must needs be the hand of God alone He can make lice swarmes of flyes and an host of grashoppers fight most stoutly against Pharaoh now no generall was able to order the battell but the Lord of hosts and this is no base thing for hereby would the Lord get him a name for euer Of sinne Againe for the decree of sin cannot the Lord bring good out of euill light out of darkenes health out of sickenes glory out of shame and therefore may he decree sinne and yet be no author of sinne for hee hath goodnesse enough out of sinne which shall serue his turne and the rest he will leaue to the first inuenters Of Vbiquitie The conceit of the Aramites shall appeare when they come to fight with Israel in the plaines then shall they know that God is as well the God of the plaines as of the mountaines For Physitians that faine would exercise their wits in the wonders of the Lord. Of extraordinary prouidence If reason may be giuen for fourteene yeares fast surely Christs fasting fortie dayes shal be worth nothing I had rather say as Christ did to the deuil after his fast Man liues not by bread alone but by euerie word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God The Israelites apparell and the shooes on their feet as new at the ende of fortie yeers as they were the first day they entred into the wildernesse was the worke of this word and no naturall reason can bee giuen for it Astrologians are well answered euen by their owne lyes Astrologie An Astrologian comming before a Bishop to be made Minister professing this art the Bishop askes him if he could tel by the starres whether he should be made Minister or no Hee answers he could tell for hee had alreadie calculated that hee should Then saies the Bishop I will see whether I can oppose the starres or no and thus the simple Astrologian was made a lyar Againe Idolatrie for idolatrie a meere conceit they had plentie and felt no want therefore idolatrie was good the world is all secure therefore the deuill is very quiet The shippes can not passe ouer Goodwine sands as in times past therefore the old-mans iudgement was better then all the rest because he neuer knewe it vntill Tenterton-steeple was built a reason of a doting foole Tenterton-steeple is built therefore no shippes can passe ouer Goodwine sands baculus stat in angulo ergo coelum mouetur the staffe is in the corner therefore the heauens are mooued See it in the children of Israel Vp Aaron make vs gods to goe before vs for we knowe not what is become of this Moses euery word a strange absurditie first make a god a meere contradiction that a creature should make his creator secondly gods that was a calfe which is a blockish creature and more foolish then any now that the foolishest creature should become the wisest of all beeings is as strange as the other thirdly to go before vs all Israel were
sea yet thither shall thine hand lead me and thy right hand hold me Secondly for the circumstance of time v. 11. If I say yet the darknes shall hide me euen the night shall be light about thee yea the darknes hideth not from thee but the night shineth as the day the darknes and light are both alike Here is no plea that olde things are out of date and sinnes committed many yeares agoe are forgotten of the Lord for be sure that the sinne of Cain in murthering of his brother is as freshly bleeding in the presence of God as the sin thou hast committed this day so that neither time past present or to come will helpe vs at all with the Lord. Thirdly for the circumstance of persons he knoweth all by their names Psal 147.4 therefore no companie shall excuse thee Indeede in the world multitudo peccantium tollit poenam peccati when multitudes sinne then mens lawes dare not execute yet be sure with the Lord he that runnes with a multitude to doe euill shal be sure to be punished with them Neither great men nor rich men shall be able to rescue vs out of the hands of God therefore the point is cleare that the Lords knowledge is most exact in all particulars 1. Vse is reprehension first confutation of the wicked that are ashamed to doe that in the presence of men which they dare most impudently doe before God surely hee is able to iudge more exactly of our offences then any man therefore if we labour to keepe our selues secret from the eyes of men how should we not tremble to sinne before God Secondly correction of the godly that doe not alwaies set themselues in the presence of God but sometimes take libertie to slip into the wayes of their owne hearts thinking that this is but a small sinne and therefore the Lord will be mercifull to me in this thing neuer considering the puritie of the Lord and the brightnesse of his glorie which is alwayes shining round about them 2. Vse instruction first an admonition to the wicked that beat their fellow feruants because their master deferreth his coÌ„ming let them take heed for he will come at vnawares vpon them and let them blush for shame seeing that mens scruants here vpon earth hearing that their master approacheth betake themselues to their worke although before they were at their sports idle recreations we know that schoole-boies in the absence of their master leaue their seats spread themselues abroad yet the verie voyce of venit magister the master comes presently makes euery one hastily betake himselfe vnto his seat Shall then man bee so bold as to dare to leaue his place betake himselfe to his owne pleasure when the verie eye of his God lookes vpon him surely nothing is more obuious vnto our eye then this which argueth that the world is very destitute of the feare of God Secondly this may be a driection to the godly to examine them-selues in all their particular carriages Thus Dauid deales with his soule vpon the consideration of Gods excellent knowledge Psal 139. to the ende first a pretious estimation of it 17 18. how deare how great what account to make vp the summe all is too short yet this will he aime at when he awakes he will still be with God Indeede in the violence of passion Dauid may make warre a pretense to excuse Vrias death but yet Psal 51. it shall cause him vtter many a bitter word heauie sighs and euen water his couch with teares The second is the manifestation of his zeale 1. in his loue of the maiestie of God v. 19 20.2 of his hatred to the wicked that dishonour God v. 21 22. See them both Oh that thou wouldest slay O God the wicked and bloody men to whome I say depart ye from me which speake wickedly of thee and beeing thine enemies are lifted vp in vaine I hate them I contend with them as with mine vtter enemies The 3. his confidence v. 23. Trie me O God and know my heart prooue me and know my thoughts consider if there be any way of wickednes in me and lead me in thy way for euer This consideration can not but haue powerfull operations in the hearts of Christians fire all that is within them let vs see it in a few of Dauids affections in the Psalmes breathing zeale out of euery pipe How doe I loue thy law O Lord more then the hony or the hony combe Loue. more then thousands of siluer and gold Thine enemies I hate with a perfect hatred Hatted Thy testimonies are my delight Ioy. I reioyce more in them then they that finde great spoyles more then in my appointed foode Mine eyes gush out riuers of teares Griefe Oh that my head were a fountaine of teares because they destroy thy law Mine eyes are dimme with waiting Hope how doe I long for thy saluation Thy iudgements are terrible Feare I tremble and quake Looke what pitch of affection the naturall man bestowes vpon his dearest darling what vnsatiable thirst the couetous worldling vpon his mammon the ambitious vpon his honour the volupâ—uous vpon his pleasure the same the Christian striueth in equall yea if possible farre exceding in as much as the more pure the heart is the more actiue we shall finde it Zeale is to the soule that which the spirits are to the bodie wine to the spirits putting vigour and agilitie into them be not drunke with wine wherein is excesse but be filled with the spirit an excellent Antithesis the soule may be filled with this zeale and yet neuer exceede As wings to the foule as wheeles to the chariot as sailes to the shippe wind to the sailes courage to the soldier mettell to the horse and dust to make the earth fruitfull so is zeale as wings to the soule to flie aboue earthly and worldly cogitations as wheeles not to goe but runne the wayes of Gods Commandements as sayles to driue vs with a plerophorie vnto God This makes vs fight and puts mettle into vs yet must we take heede how we meddle with this fire least wee heape coales vpon our owne heads and bring an ill sauour vpon all â—ur seruice as Nadab and Abihu beeing vnsanctified Aguish and distempered heats are farre remote from the radicall nay an enemie vnto it and the verie causes of sickenesse and death a very empericke may iudge of them For first some of these are deepely sicke of the Pharisaicall humour they ioue more to be seene of men then God and yet God wil see them the best as Iâ—hu Come and see how zealous I am for the Lord of hosts These trumpets praise them before men but shame theÌ„ before God An aguish or consuming heat by his flushings is seene more in the face then the naturall heat that warmeth the heart In wisdome and skill artis est celare artem hiding of art is the best art so hidden zeale is often the
ouershot my selfe with God in forgetting his long silence if ought crosse my corrupt nature I haue griefe at will if I haue broken a day and not kept touch with men I would not looke them in the face if my seruant haue loytered he blusheth and is ashamed to come before me and shall not I change my countenance if I were displeased my affections would come afore they were sent for but when God is displeased euen for the abuse of his mercies I can not haue my affections although I would send many a messenger for them so ponderous is my corruption which presseth downe that vnlesse Habour by a better spirit I shall neuer giue the Lord the answer of his mercies Let vs therefore helpe our selues a little at these dead lifts first with some rules to ouerwrastle them secondly with some motiues to blow vp our deuotion Consider therefore for the first rule how little we are bound vnto the flesh Rom. 8.13 If ye liue after the flesh ye shall dye a heauie reward for a flauish seruice but on the other hand for the second rule see how we are debt-bound vnto the spirit But if ye mortifie the deedes of the bodie by the Spirit ye shal liue From these two rules we haue motiues innumerable and inualuable to praise the silence and mercie of God for what a miserie would it haue bin to haue bin debt-bound to the flesh which rewardeth with nothing but hell death and damnation therefore happie soules that haue cast off this yoke and againe what a ioy and felicitie to be vnder the yoke of Christ and debt-bound to his spirit we neede no more to make vs sing ioyfully vnto the Lord. But alas sinnefull passions preuent our wills and come as we say of foule weather before they are sent for but holy affections in these most admirable mercies of God are often quenched for want of zeale for alas when doe we beat our braines not suffering the temples of our heads to take any rest till we haue giuen our God some argument of our thankefulnes We vse our God as if it skilled not greatly how he were dealt with when he deales most gratiously with vs. If a man bids me to supper once a quartar I thanke him then and thanke him again when I am come next time after not onely of my present beeing with him but also of my last beeing with him I tell what kind welcome what good cheere bidde him sometime againe or checke my selfe if I forget it but for some great matter what kindnes what speeches what seruice will I tender vnto my friend Shall one supper and not daily bread shall riches and not Christ deserue a thousand thanks for a small benefit I will be at command and shall I not surrender my selfe vnto God who hath paid my debt and purchased me a new stocke euen the hope of eternall life shall I blush at small vnthankfulnes towards man and not condemne my selfe before God surely when the Lord shall take away his mercies we shall come to had I wist and doe so much more penance by how much we were more careles We will not let goe our leases to men for want of payment of the rent therefore let vs giue God no cause to enter and straine vpon vs and all that we haue for not magnifying and praising him and let this follow euery repetition of a fauour that Dauid hath taught vs Psal 136. For his mercie endureth for euer A second instruction is to imitate God in his silence in being kind towards others 1. Tim. 1.16 For this cause was I receiued to mercie that Iesus Christ should first shew on me all long-suffering vnto the ensample of them which shall in time to come beleeue in him vnto eternall life especially Christians must obserue it 2. Tit. 2.3 Shewing all meekenes vnto all men for we our selues were also in times past vnwise disobedient seruing the lusts and diuers pleasures liuing in malitiousnes and enuie hatefull and hating one an other Thus Dauid approoues himselfe a man of God 1. Sam. 24. by his innocencie vnto Saul in cutting off his garment when he might haue cut his throat Motiues to this we haue many Matth. 5.7 Blessed are the mercifull for they shall receiue mercie againe for this shall they be receiued into the kingdome of heauen Matth. 25.34 thirdly because it makes vs walke worthie of our vocation Eph. 4.2 Walke worthie the vocation whereunto ye are called with all humblenes of minde and meekenes with long suffering supporting one an other through loue fourthly it prooues vnto vs our election Coloss 3.12 Now therefore as the Elect of God holy and beloued put on tender mercie kindnes humblenes of minde meekenes long suffering c. lastly this serues for instruction of all to take care for displeasing of God Matth. 5.25 Agree with thine aduersarie quickely whiles thou art in the way with him least thine aduersarie deliuer thee to the Iudge and the Iudge deliuer thee to the sargeant and thou be cast into prison c. Esperially those must looke vnto it that haue had long time of Gods silence Rom. 11. Behold therefore the bountifulnes and the seueritie of God toward them which haue fallen seueritie but toward thee bountifulnes if thou continue in his bountifulnes or els shalt thou be cut off Vse 3. consolation First in miserie to consider that God spared vs when we were sinners was reconciled vnto vs when we were his enemies therefore much more beeing iustified by Christ made his sonnes will he loue vs and bee well pleased with vs Rom. 5. Secondly consolation in our welfare because we haue the silence of God in regard of the true cause of it and therefore haue hope that it shall bee continued vnto vs. And thus much of Gods silence Section 2. The obiect of Gods silence The obiect is the doings of the wicked for the explication whereof let vs first see what the word of God makes the obiect of Gods silence First it cannot endure any silence at sin because it teacheth plainely that as soone as sinne is committed God speakes the law speakes and the conscience as we may see Gen. 3. and therefore must it bee in regard of the consequent of sinne which is first of all the fault 2. the guilt 3. the punishment now the two first are equall with the sinne and therefore will they suffer no silence therefore must it be in the punishment threatned or executed in threatning the Lord is neuer silent therefore must it bee in the execution Silence in regard of the miserie of sinne and not of sin it selfe which is either present or in comming present originall and actuall sinne wherein there hath appeared no silence of God for presently vpon the fall man became exorbitant and his freewill ran only vnto euill therefore must it be in the punishment comming which is the sensible miserie of man to wit the first and second death wherein plainly we
the 8. the 5. of disgrace against the 9. 1. Is any thought that tendeth to the contempt and dishonour of the person of our neighbour and that is a base estimation of the persons of our inferiours in respect of our selues Luk. 18.11 the learned and zealous Pharisie thinkes basely of the Publican this thought is like to Adonibezek who sitting in his royaltie had diuers kings with their thombs cut off receiuing meat of him vnder the table as dogs Pride makes a man destitute of all friends he hath neither God nor his neighbour nor himselfe he that hath not God what happinesse can he haue he that hath not his neighbour what societie can he haue and not to haue himselfe is to be a slaue when he thinks he domineers ouer all Therfore with Iob learne to say Lord I am vile when we can say this see it it will be a meanes to represse this thought Iob 39. 2. Thought of murther is any intent of murthering his neighbour or any thing tending to murther Deuter. 15.9 where two signes are laide downe of it first an euill eye to looke vpon the poore without compassion secondly vnmercifull dealing A second is the thought to doe some hurt to them that worship God truly Psal 74.8 the Babylonian speakes against the Iew Let vs destroy them altogether Christ saith Ye shall be hated of all men for my names sake this hath bin since the time of righteous Abel This thought proceeds from an other set downe 1. Pet. 4.4 the wicked maruell that others will not doe as they doe Ob. Nebuchadnezzar a wicked man fauoured Daniel Ans Dan. 1.9 it was Gods prouidence that disposed the Kings heart to doe good 3. Murdering thought is when a man thinks the Minister ripps vp his sinne in malice 3. Thought of adultery as all vnchast thoughts 4. thought theft Psal 50.18 when thou seest a theefe thou runnest with him this seeing makes him runne in thought and deede 5. thought disgrace to thinke a thing well done ill done or ill done well done 1. Sam. 1.13 and v. 17.28 Matth. 19.4 Act. 2.13 yet loue thinkes no euill which beeing wanting amongst men makes them thinke all euill Mens hearts are like drie wood which burne not alone but put the least cole to them and they will burne so the least occasion offered wil set all on fire This thought of dishonour is as the table of Adonibezek in respect of murther it is a meere slaughter-house in respect of the thought of adulterie a meere stew in respect of theft a den of theeues and in respect of the thought of disgrace a verie fountaine of all backbiting slaundering reuiling c. 3. Point euill thoughts touching our selues fowre 1. The thought of pride thinking himselfe most excellent Isa 14.13 Zeph. 2.15 Luk. 18.11 Reu. 18.7 Gen. 3. our first parents learned this lesson of the deuill You shall be as gods and the lesse we see it the more it raignes in vs. Pride in outward apparell is a most damnable pride but none aboue spirituall pride from hence sprung many sinnes and therefore to be abhorred As 1. ambition whereby men are not content with their owne estate but seeke to be aduanced 2. presumption in daring things aboue his calling 3. boasting 4. hypocrisie 5. obstinacie 6. contention 7. affectation of nouelties Secondly when this thought raignes in vs Gods spirit cannot dwel in vs Luk. 1.51 52. Iam. 4.6 Isa 66.2 Thirdly when all other sinnes die in vs this thought dies not nay when the graces of God come this thought reuiues because he makes them matter of his pride 2. The highest degree of this is when a man thinkes himselfe check-mate with God Isa 14.14 two waies first when he thinks he may haue power to preuaile with or against God Dan. 3.15 Exod. 5.2 Secondly taking honour due vnto God vnto themselues Act. 12.22 23. 2. Thess 2. Antichrist sits in the Temple of God as God Obiect But he is servus servorum Ans It is not in word but in the thought of his heart in that he thinks he hath power to make lawes binding conscience to dispense with the morall law and Apostolicall constitutions and to forgiue sinnes hereby he thinks himselfe to be equall with God 2. Thought I am righteous and neede no repentance Deut. 9.4 two things first that a man thinks himselfe by nature righteous secondly that the Lord giues them all that they haue for their righteousnes Ier. 2.25 Reuel 3.17 Christ came not to call these righteous because their imagination was such that they were vncapable of his grace The angels reioyce more for one penitent sinner then for nintie nine that neede no repentance Come to an ignorant man aske him can you keepe the law yea and that he lookes to be saued by this righteousnes and by the works of the law Hence we see how euery man by nature is a Papist Secondly this sheweth vs that it is a very difficult point to bring a man to true humiliation Thirdly we see why men neglect the preaching of the Gospel because it teacheth a strange doctrine vnto corrupt reason 3. Thought of securitie I prosper and am free from all Gods iudgements I am not in danger of hell death and damnation Psal 10.6 Isa 28.15 Psal 30.7 This makes the Ministers labour in vaine Zeph. 3.5 Noe an hundreth and twentie yeares Fourth thought in miserie to thinke my crosses to be worse then indeede they are Iob. 6.3 come to comfort them Oh neuer man was vexed as I am The cause of these is Gen. 6.5 v. 21. the heart which sometimes signifieth the fleshie part of man which is the beginning of vitall blood placed in the middle of the body 2. the soule 3. the faculties 4. the middle of any thing Psal 46.2 but here is meant the vnderstanding wil and affections Ephes 4.23 imaginations this word sheweth the frame of the heart first for his corruption 2. for his fruits 3. tearmed mans heart not euil men alone or those before the flood but all men naturally 4. word euill that is against Gods lawe 5. from his childhood as soone as he beginnes to vse reason he frames euill in his heart Hence the cause plainely riseth want of all good thoughts or want of all consideration this is the mother sinne we must keep all the morall law euen in thought Luk. 10.27 the want of this may be seene in matters earthly 2. in matters spiritually in matters earthly Eccles 4.8 in regard of their natures ends and vses but in spirituall things there is an absolute want 1. Is want of the consideration of Gods presence and prouidence in regard of our sinnes Hos 7.2 2. In regard of Gods iudgements for men neuer thinke of iudgement in this life nor in the life to come An 120. yeares Noah preached yet no consideration Luk. 12. the rich man neuer thought that his soule was in danger 3. Is in respect of a mans owne sinnes for we cannot turne
surely if all were true they should bee the verie naturall sonnes of God Thirdly this great acquaintance must be perpetuall Aristotle makes three bonds of freindship 1. pleasure 2. riches and both these are soone ended because in laughter the heart is heauy for such pleasures as are but of things transitory and for riches they take their wings and flie away but the third bond which is vertue and honesty is of long continuance and I know no freindship that hypocrits professe with God that sauours of honestie and vertue Indeede the other two are in high account with them for they will seeme to doe any thing for pleasure and profit Saul loued God but it was for a kingdome Ahithophel because he was aduanced counseller Iudâ—s because an Apostle bare the bag yet Saul a little afflicted forsakes God Ahithophel crossed hangs himselfe Iudas for gain betraies Christ Iobs wife seemed to goe farre as long as she could wash her paths with butter but when affliction is vpon her husband curse god die Many hypocrits are like Rebecca Gen. 25.22 who wished to haue children but when they stroue in her womb then she brast forth into words of impacience so God giues a desire to some to be borne againe who when they see their conception to be painfull and the spirit and flesh striue together desire to be in their old estate againe they seeke the kingdome of heauen but not the righteousnes thereof and therefore it will appeare verie easily how like they are vnto God for Saul and Pharaoh had some good motions by fittes and vpon occasion could play fast and loose beeing of a strange complexion and verie aguish hote and cold in a moment Sea faring men who when the seas doe rage and the tempest begins feele themselues sea-sicke and haue a desire to cast but when they are gotten to the land and haue smelt the cleare coast are as merrie and ioyfull as heart can wish the reason is because now being without hope sense and feeling of the sweet ioyes to come doe die thus by their flesh pots of Egypt so they shew in affliction that their flesh pots and their health though in bondage doth more please them then the goodnes and louing countenance of the Lord. Want of bread makes some despise their great wonderfull deliuerance out of Egypt the want of riches is greater trouble theÌ„ the want of grace and the possession of riches greater ioy then the fruition of Gods countenance The reason is plaine because in temporall things our ioy is greater then the cause but in spiritual the cause is greater then our ioy Againe they loue not God for himselfe but for his blessing and therefore all the similitude that wicked men haue of God is more in the loue of the creatures then of God himselfe and when the Lord shall bring his fanne and make cleane his floare you shall see him send away this chaffe but still keepe his corne for the naturall children of God loue their father naturally doe he what he will they will still loue him though thou kill me yet still will I trust in thee saith Iob. Thus shall the Lord trie his owne image and see who will endure the fire which shall be knowne by these foure properties first as fire burnes straw stubole stickes to ashes and makes them as though they had not beene so shall the fire of Gods affliction wast all those things which are of this weake nature Secondly as fire purges that which can abide him and makes it purer and finer so shall the triall of the spirit wast all the drosse in Gods children and purifie the rest as a temple for the holy Ghost Thirdly as fire giueth light in the most dimme and darkest place so shall the fire of Gods spirit become a shining lampe burning continually Fourthly as heat putteth life into those things which are capable of life though frozen and starued for cold and as they were without life yet touching them maketh them reuiue become nimble and actiue so the spirit of God heating and inflaming our hearts kindleth our zeale quickneth our deadnes puts life into vs maketh vs nimble and actiue in a care of our dutie loue of all mankind and the glorie of God this alone will prooue whether we beare the image and stampe of God in vs or no when all the rest is no better then that conceit which the Deuill put into the heads of our parents Gen. 3. Ye shall be like God surely it prooued like the god of this world for euen that conceit tooke away the image of God and brought in a worse euen the image of the deuill Observ It is the nature of euery wicked man especially of an hypocrite to haue an high conceit of himselfe and in this high conceit to thinke God like vnto him 1. Reas First blindnes of vnderstanding Rom. 1.21 22 23. Vaine imaginations and follie of heart full of darknes makes professours of wisdome become starke fooles and so turne the glorie of the incorruptible God to the similitude of the image of a corruptible man and of birds and foure footed beasts and of creeping things 2. Reas Is the euill disposition of nature which turneth all things into his owne temper and therefore it can not be but the silence of the Lord should be abused by our thoughts 3. Reas Selfe-pleasing our selues Herod will part with all before he will part with his brothers wife the young man will leaue Christ before he forsake his riches and therefore before the silence of the Lord shall crosse our natures we must either crosse it or els restraine it vnto our selues and giue it that limitation which shall best agree with our pleasures 1. Vse reprehension A confutation of the wicked for the abuse of their reason in that they will become absolute Iudges of Gods wisdome it is enough for the seruant to become as the master Gods truth will haue no controller and therefore must he command or els he will testifie against vs and accuse vs for the breach of his prerogatiue royall Secondly a correction of the godly that any waies subiect themselues to the iudgement of wicked men their fountaine is naught therefore their streames can not be sweete 2. Vse instruction First an admonition of the wicked to be more carefull for their thoughts Indeede we say thoughts are free but yet let them know that there is a word which is a discerner of the thoughts and the intents of the heart and therefore what they haue spoken in the theeuish corners of their hearts shall be plainly detected euen vpon the house toppes Secondly a direction to the godly that is a deniall of themselues and of their owne thoughts and wholly yeilding themselues vnto Gods truth 3. Vse Consolation to all them that see the want of Gods image and desire it more then they presume they haue it This will take away our owne conceits and breede in vs the cleare
insight of the mercies of God in his Christ which are the onely ioy and confidence of our soules And thus much of Gods mercie CHAP. VI. Of Gods Iustice in generall THe second part of Gods holines Iustice is his Iustice contained in the consequent part of the sentence and is distributed into two adiuncts Power and Order Power in that God will be sure to iudge and Order in that he will take no hastie courses whereby all should be done in confusion Excellent is our God for first beeing a God almightie he is able to doe what he pleaseth with his creature but secondly obserue his order and euery one shall confesse that he is a God of excellent wisdome for things done in good method stoppe the mouthes of all Two men that put on armour and like bulls of Basan push the one at the other are not discommended for their power and strength but that beeing men they wanted wisdome to vse their strength aright and that is that they kept no good order and therefore such execution of iustice as this is condemned so that if our gratious King had no more arguments but this one in forbidding all Duells it were sufficient for graunt the exercise the power of iustice yet where is this order and good method that the Lord would haue obserued of all his seruants Aristotle hath vnfolded vnto vs in his Ethicks fiue intellectuall vertues which if they concurre not in all our actions they will prooue exceedingly defectiue First intelligence which giues information of the cause and the reasons of it secondly science which disposeth of euery necessarie truth in those reasons so that thereby he shall iudge his cause to be good or bad for vt intellectus habet se ad verum ad falsum sic voluntas ad bonum vel malum the vnderstanding goes before and iudges of truth and falshood and the will follows after and embraceth good or euill the third vertue is sapience seeing how he may diduct and draw out of the truths of science other necessarie truths which could not appeare but by the discourse of this third vertue the fourth prudence which is the fourth perfection of our actions when we doe all the former in good and comely order the fifth Art the highest degree of perfection when I doe all nimbly and very skilfully in knowing in iudging discoursing applying These men may haue the three first vertues but they are altogether destitute of the two last they may know that their cause is good and that both of them hath reason to complaine of iniurie for braue spirits can not rest without mutuall prouocations secondly they may know that disgrace of their persons is their shame and the losse of their good name which they esteem better then the most pretious oyntment that they inioy to be such an iniurie that it can deserue no lesse then some kind of trial and so in the third place discourse of it and conclude that therefore they will haue iustice executed that they may bee reuenged for their wrongs but alas when they come to apply all this their former knowledge they want prudence and so leap ouer the lists of iustice and breaking good order spoile the exercise of all artes For first they breake the rule of diuinitie in sinning against God by murther the rule of ethickes for fortitude and manhood is abused the rule of politickes for the common-wealth is iniured by losse of such persons as might haue been his pillars the rule of nature complaines that would haue himselfe preserued in all his subiects Indeed special nature for the good of generall nature will seeme to crosse himselfe the fire will descend and the water will ascend before they will suffer such a stranger as vacuitie to possesse any place among them So indeed nature would neuerbe offended if they would shed their blood for their countrie Nature will make the hand to offer it selfe to be cut off before the head receiue the blowe because nature is wise in order knowing that the head is to be preferred before any other member because it hath in it the greatest part of life The people can tell Dauid thou art better then ten thousand of vs and therefore no matter if we be all cut off to saue thy life Blessed is that kingdome that is not onely powerfull in iustice but that keeps good order in the execution Indeed many may say I will reprooue thee but alas how few say I will set thine offences in order before thee Many lie in prison for a sic volo sic iubeo stat pro ratione voluntas authoritie vrged by violence of passion spoyles all Magistrates Aristotle saies that the law ought to be like the primum sensorium which is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 so the law must sauour of no qualitie but his owne for then would it neuer iudge aright And as the lawe is so ought the Magistrate to be voide of all his owne passions let the law rule him as he meanes to rule the people and then should all be done in good order and we should not heare these lamentable complaints I am in prison but I knowe not for what cause and the Magistrate saies I shall lie there vntil my bones rotte For the mercies of God let vs be mooued betimes as well to set mens sinnes in order as vse our power in reproouing of them lest the Lord come and handle vs most roughly in the power of his iustice for this most hainous offence committed in diuiding iustice against it selfe So then the distribution lets vs see that the power of God is neuer without his wisedome but that the Lord workes in all things intelligenter scienter sapienter prudenter artificiosè plainly truely wisely prudently and skilfully The power of Gods iustice is laid downe in these words I will reprooue thee first the cause I the Lord which in the first verse styled my selfe the God of Gods euen the Lord from heauen in comparison aboue all and in dominion ouer all without comparison therefore a mightie iustice that hath so great a cause Secondly from the species or kind of it a reproofe therfore vindicatiue and reuenging iustice stronger then remuneratiue or rewarding iustice for here appeares ira furor excandescentia anger a displeasure of short continuance furie a short madnesse the third an inueterate hatred that alwaies smoakes against sinne that kindles hote coales hinc ira ex candore fierinesse full of brightnesse Thirdly the obiect thee the sinne and the person I am out of loue with both and therefore will I discouer thy sinne which I know thou aboue all men mayest not endure to heare of Secondly what thou thy selfe art both in deceiuing and beeing deceiued shal plainly be knowne therefore most powerfull iustice whose cause is Iehouah nature vengeance obiect the most secret sinne and most deceitfull person free from all the iudgement seats of men Sect. 1. Of the cause Observ 1. The great God
are in danger but it lights but vpon the pate of one of them and he falls to the ground wounded and yeelds vp the ghost all the rest quake and tremble at the sight and are speechlesse So the Lord is daily shooting forth his arrowes he neuer misseth his aime the watchmen of the citie tell the people the arrowe of God is among them and for all this no man is afraid it strikes downe some of the stoutest of them but alas all is giuen to some surfet or weakenesse in the man which they finding themselues free from thinke it is impossible for them to die as he did because they haue not his disease as though there were no more diseases to cut off life then that one If a messenger knocke at the doore and answer be giuen him presently hee is gone without delay so beloued Gods plagues would not still rage at our doores if we gaue God his answer yet still the Lord rings the bel at our doore Secondly a direction to the godly to watch continually that so they may escape the iudgements of the Lord and mourne for his iudgements vpon others for these April dewes will bring forth in them the May flowers of Gods spirit and in weeping stil respect our selues more thē other for that alone makes God carie handkerchifes to wipe away our teares and this sowing in teares will bring vs a speedie haruest and when the rod is vpon others let vs take it to our selues for is it not better to take the rod into our owne hands and beate our selues gently then the Lord who is a consuming fire should wast vs with it Bones out of ioynt the longer they goe they prooue more painfull betimes they are set more easily therefore let vs betimes set our selues in the waies of the Lord least he rebuke vs sharply We physicke purge sweate and all for the bodie can we indure nothing for the soule the vomite of the soule is the greife of repentance and tell me I pray you who euer repented him of repentant sorrow In these reproofes we are worse afraid then hurt rising out of a soft bed is exceeding tedious to a sluggard yet our vp doth not dare vs at all so is the awaking from the sleepe of sinne and slumbering in the reliques of sinne which still haue dwelling in the best of vs. To see a souldier wounded is no newes but to goe with it is desperate follie so our sighting in this world is no newes if it bring knocks and maimes vnto vs yet to let them goe and ranckle and fester is forlorne negligence therefore let this direction take his impression in our soules that we may make excellent vse of all Gods reproofes Vse 3. Consolation in trouble because the Lord will reward vs but punish them that cause vs affliction 2. Thess 1.6 7. For it is a righteous thing with God to recompence tribulation to them that trouble you and to you which are troubled rest with vs. Secondly in prosperitie to reioice that we can sorrow that the Lord reprooues any of our brethren to be grieued for the afflictions of Ioseph Daniel could find no comfort in his priuate prosperitie and great authoritie because he knew that the Church of God was in great miserie the like affection was in good Nehemiah so likewise on the contrarie to reioyce when we be reprooued to see Gods church to flourish so Paul beeing in prison was not so much grieued at his own bonds as he reioyced at the libertie of the Gospel of Christ Sect. 3. Of the obiect Thee God in his owne children loues the person and accepts of them in Christ and onely hates their sinne and reprooues that but in an hypocrite he hates both the person and the sinne for if he should onely bee offended with the sinne then should there be no difference betwixt the godly and the wicked for he hates sinne equally in them both and yet they are not both equally hated and therefore some thing more in an hypocrite is the obiect of hatred then his verie sinne But it may be obiected that nothing can be hated but that which is euill The obiect of Gods hatred now the persons of wicked men are good the sinne is onely euill therefore onely hated Answ Euill is considered two wayes First in the abstract as beeing not considered with the subiect in which it is and so it is equally hated of God euery where Secondly in the concrete when the euill and the subiect are put together euill absolutely taken and an euill man are diuers considerations the same cause of hatred in both but not the same manner for a godly man is of an other condition seeing sinne in him is but a tyrant and he is none of his lawfull subiects and therefore though sinne fights to subdue him vnto his kingdome yet the spirit of God resists and will be the ruler Therefore as the loue of the subiects stand toward their king so doth the king loue them Now the loue of sinne and wicked men is naturall and so is the loue of God and his children spiritually naturall and therefore must he needes loue his owne subiects and hate all his enemies for if an enemie should captiuate a loyall subiect the king would presently require him againe when he is content to let his enemies haue their owne libertie ouer their owne slaues Therfore the children of God lose not the name of righteous persons because they sinne for it is rather sinne in themselues then themselues that offend God Rom. 7. Paul saies It is no more I but sinne that dwells in me Therefore in a wicked man there be three considerations first of his euill 2. of his sinnefull person 3. of his personall beeing the two first are hated the third is loued of God so a godly man first his euill secondly his righteous person thirdly his personall beeing the first is hated the two last are loued of the Lord. Observ 1. A Reproofe must be passed vpon sinne Euery thing that is secret must be brought into light Eph. 5.13 All things when they are reprooued of the light are manifest for it is the light that maketh all things manifest Ioh. 16.8 And when he is come he will reprooue the world of sinne and of righteousnes and of iudgement So that this point is generall to the sinnes of all men especially to the wicked for they haue neuer desired by heartie repentance to bring their sinnes vnto the light and therefore because they would not iudge themselues by it it shall iudge them to their woe Indeede to behold the light is a comfotable thing but for sore eyes it is verie troublesome and therefore those that doe euill hate the light because their works are euill and so the Lord must needs araigne them euen in the cleare sunne-shine to the view of all men euen of their verie consciences Ioh. 3. Reas 1. Because sinne is the violation of Gods law and therefore must
together not as Samsons foxes by the tayles euery one to drawe sundrie waies they sustaine no double persons single will they be in all their waies they are troubled with no contrary laws they can make all agree well enough and therefore when cry they in the very desperation of their soules who shall deliuer vs they giue thankes to God not for Christ but for themselues that they are not like other men Therefore the spirit hauing not pulled downe the old building how shall it be possible to set vp the newe which is plainly to be seene in the chap. following Rom. 8. First where is their freedome from the law of sinne and of death neither Christ nor the spirit hath purchased it for them and I doubt that their owne paiment will not stand good in Gods court Secondly if things may be known by their sauours surely euerie man may see they sauour of the things of the flesh Thirdly if the wisedome of the spirit and the wisedome of the flesh be enemies I admire what peace and life can be in hypocrites when they will not denie their owne wisedome for as yet the bodie is not dead and quickned again by the spirit still are they debters to the flesh and will liue after him How will they prooue themselues to bee the sonnes of God if the spirit of bondage be gone and the spirit of adoption be entred into their hearts let vs heare the cry of Abba father let them prooue the witnesse of the spirit if they bee heires of God euen annexed with Christ let vs see how they can suffer with him how they esteeme of afflictions in comparison of their glorie doth the creature groane for them nay alas I feare against them because they subiect him vnto vanitie Let vs heare how they with patience looke for their redemption Is their hope for things not seene nay alas all for the present How doth the spirit assist them in their infirmities how is he with them in their prayers what requests doth he bring out of their soules where be their deepe sighes that cannot be expressed can they search the meaning of the spirit according to the will of God surely nothing lesse for all is but lip labour Againe haue they assurance that all works together for their good can they tell it from their predestination vocation iustification and glorification can they from hence conclude that God is for them and no man can be against them that there is no charges for them to pay that there is no condemnation no separation from the loue of God in Christ all afflictions cannot doe it no death no angels no principalities nor powers nor things present nor things to come no place not heauen aboue is too high for them nor hell below is able to make them sinke into his depth yea in breife not any creature is able to doe it therefore no hypocrite is in Christ and therefore impossible that he should bee washed from his filthinesse beeing not washed hee must remaine in it And that will appeare if we mark his life and death life prosperitie aduersitie In prosperitie for his profession he is all courage and verie full of brags like the coward that before he come in the field is fire and towe but when he comes to the tryall is the first that flees the field when the couragious champion is very silent but when there is neede of him will shew that hee hath more tried sortitude in him then a thousand cowards So hypocrites make all the world ring with their Master though all the world forsake thee yet will I not forsake thee I will lay downe my life for thee yet when Christ shall come with a this night shall yee be put vnto it then will they flee with the first and if Christ haue no better champions then they he shall be left all alone Secondly come to the hearing of the word all promises they will make their owne all iudgements threatened they will put vpon others and for application of both it shall be as in this place God is like them he fauours them aboue all with his mercies and his iudgements passe ouer their houses Thirdly for his life no reformation For aduersitie if God be gone he is gone no more stout words no comming to Church no more outward reformation but labour to make the best of all Gal. 6.12 they will seeke to please to the face and labour to constraine to their profession that they may suffer no persecution for the crosse of Christ In speciall for their sinnes when they are in miserie it may be they will let a word come out against some knowne actuall sinne but with Dauid Psal 51. they neuer strike at the roote to wit their originall sinne for the punishment Mic. 6.6 they will part with any thing they haue to be freed from the stroaks of Gods rod but the thing required shall not once come neere them And for the thoughts of death many a Balaams wish but that is all for their life is nothing And lastly for death it selfe they either die like stocks and stones or else like bulls and bears roaring and bellowing out their shame and confusion Secondly this may be a direction to Gods children to approoue their sinceritie vnto God by alwaies setting themselues in the presence of the Lord. 3. Vse consolation First in trouble to reioyce when it shall please God to try vs in the fornace of affliction that so we may come forth as tryed gold refined and made the more fit for Gods kindome Secondly in our welfare to trust more in God then in our selues and to count the lifting vp of Gods countenance vpon vs in the face of his anointed more ioy of heart then when the corne wine oyle and all the pleasures and profits of this world are increased And thus much of the first part of Gods iustice to wit the power of it from the efficient in the forme and execution of it vpon the sinne and person of an hypocrite Now followes the orderly proceeding of this iustice Of the order of Gods iustice First in the cause Order In the handling of the methode vsed by the Lord in this place wee are to consider of the arguments Order is described first from the cause I thee Lord secondly from the effect which is to set or place things thirdly from the obiect in that word them that is thy sinnes 4. from a testimony drawn from the notice of the conscience which shall sufficiently witnesse of the worth of Gods methode For the cause of this order it is the Lord. Surely Gods wisedome is to be seene in nothing more then in methode and order for order is not from any brutish nature but the best and wisest so that the changes and multitude of alterations in this world are no casuall matters left in the hands of blind fortune If indeed we looke into Gods Church and see the varietie of colours and the instabilitie
of them wee shall either thinke that there is no prouidence or else so strange a prouidence that it should contradict it selfe Yet surely after due consideration we shall see all colours to paint out this excellent glorie and rauish vs with the beautie of it For as the skilfull painter is able to dispose of infinite varietie of colours in his curious worke to set forth the excellencie of his skill and produce the greatest praise which perhaps to the eyes of ignorant beholders in the beginning were nothing but the pictures of deformitie yet he himselfe knew full well that the chiefest of his arte was in the limming forth of that creature which afterward he meant with boldnes to commend vnto the eyes of the beholders so the Lord which in the creation replenished the world with all beautifull colors from whence all painters haue learned their arte the very imitation of Gods worke in nature shall be able to dispose of all the varietie of colours in his Church to shew that that piece of work which he limmed forth in his decree which men make a monster and since the beginning of the world hath set it forth in his liuely colours to be most admirable and full of beautie or as an exquisite Musitian which is able to make a most sweet harmonie of the greatest multitude of strings and in nature dissonant to sound forth his skilfull and most excellent arte which at his pleasure can extend or let fall as well the trebble as the tenor and the tenor as the base and mixe them with the counter-tenors the small bases or what soeuer seemes good vnto his will to ioyne extreames with middles and middles with themselues and all their extreames so that in all his musicke is neither heard harshnesse of stroke or vnpleasantnesse of sound so the Lord the best and most sweete singer in all Israel is able to put downe all artes because if they should striue with him they should but stand vp against their maker for he is the inuenter of them all and men and angels are but the obseruers of his wisdome and therefore all in heauen and earth shall meete together to sound forth the praise of the Lord and therefore the Lord can not but keepe good order in all his waies and if he will take sinne into his owne hands it shall not be spoiled for want of good handling Obs Sinne shall be an excellent means to glorifie God surely except it had bin for this cause I should haue vtterly despaired any good that euer could haue bin brought out of sinne but seeing my text informes me that God will haue the handling of it I dare boldly say that sinne is decreed made good of God and for no other end but that he may be glorified by it for God handles nothing that he wills not and what he wills he wills from all eternitie And therefore he deales not with sinne as men deale with ineuitable accidents to make a vertue of necessitie to take in hand to dispose of sinne when he could not mend it but the Lord had this work in his hands long before it came to passe and now it is sufficient for vs to admire at it and haue it in exceeding account Surely God hath ordered with himselfe and now he will order it with his creature it was in Gods eyes from eternitie and now shall it be in mans eyes according to Gods time alloted vnto him Reason 1. Because God is the God of order and therefore must he needes iudge as well of confusion as of order it selfe for that which approoues the one doth alwaies disprooue the contrarie Reas 2. Because God will haue his works seen as long as all did lie in the first chaos nothing was seene in his distinction but when the Lord had brought light out of it made it separate the euening and the morning brought euery creature into his place then became the worke of the Lord to be glorious Psal 19. the heauens declare the glory of God and the firmament sheweth forth the worke of his hand So when the Lord hath brought the light of his decree out of the confusion of sinne then shall all flesh see the glory of our God Reason 3. From the wicked which haue set themselues to crosse God and therefore if he wil be glorified by them he must haue it by his owne arme for they scorne to giue it him Reason 4. The consolation of his Saints for this puts them out of all heart to see things fall out a crosse Psal 37. is wholly spent vpon this subiect that the flourishing estate of the wicked is but transitory and destruction is their end but the misery of the godly in this world ends in peace and quietnesse because they are in the fauour of God therefore must they not fret or be enuious for the euill doers for they are soone cut downe like grasse and wither away as the greene hearb but trust in the Lord and doe good dwell in the land and they shall be fed assuredly Psal 73. yet God is good vnto Israel euen vnto the pure in heart there is the dispute about Gods order or prouidence in gouerning of the world The question is whether God be good vnto the faithfull The disputants are the flesh and the spirit the arguments are brought on both sides and by the arguments the cause is determined First the old man brings his arguments and proues the negatiue part that God is not good vnto Israel first he pulls two arguments out of his owne bosome want of wisedome and discontentednes of minde which were the fountaine of his errour he that can not guide his feete nor keepe his steppes from slipping may easily say God is not good vnto Israel but I the old man cā do neither of these and therefore must I needes thinke that God is not good vnto Israel Secondly he that can not indure the prosperitie of the wicked and the miserie of his owne soule may easily iudge God not to be good vnto Israel but thus were my affections guided and therefore from minde and heart from blindnes and affection I conclude that God is not good vnto Israel But the discerning spirit may easily answer these obiections with a nego consequentiam for they are but the witnesses of a lying spirit it is no good consequence to say that the sunne shines not because I am blinde and see it not no good consequence to say Gods hates me because he prospers the wicked Leaue these inartificiall arguments and dispute more solidly from some artificiall thing I will therefore beginne with their death and thus I dispute He that is not drawne vnto his death as a malefactour neither hath sicknes on him as the messenger of death but is without all bonds lusty and strong must needes prooue that God is better vnto him then his Israel and therefore not good vnto them the assumption I prooue They are not in trouble with other
setting euen as a false peice of latin is set to the eye of the boy from the master by the rule and both of them corrected the boy by rods the latine by pulling it in peices because it is so farre wanting that nothing can be made of it that will beare good construction Indeede the godly are set againe into the image of their creation by Christ Iesus which hath turned man wholly againe vnto his creator and these haue their faults daily corrected become good proficients in the schoole of Christ and therefore one day shall celebrate the happie day of their commencing where euerie one shall be made an absolute Doctor free of all professions not to teach but read a continuall lecture of the praise of God to rauish his heart with ioy Obs Gods iustice is able to place all sinne in his order and ranke that so it may be easily seene and iudged of all men If I came into a roome and faw al the plate set forth to the view euery dish on the table in his due place all the furniture for the chamber in answerable proportion and euery guest in his due order and place set downe to meat I could easily iudge of the excellencie of the feast So surely the wicked alas they must expect no feast whē God shal haue mustered vp all their sinnes and ranked them vnder their seuerall heads according to his law and Gospel shall be able sufficiently to iudge what they haue done amisse to the great disquiet of their soules First therefore they shall see their apostacie from God that kept them from pleasing of him and made them displease him continually from this will the Lord descend to let him see the transgression in this apostacie with the propagation of it to all posteritie he will shewe him that the trangression in eating of the forbidden fruite was an offence of an exceeding great maiestie because it was a sacrament of the couenant of loue betwixt God the creator and man his creature and God forbad him as he would loue him not to eate thereof The loue on Gods part was extraordinarie because man being by nature changeable had this sacrament as a seale of his constant estate of goodnes and therefore was it called the tree of the knowledge of good Again on mans part it was required that he should loue constantly or if he should leaue to serue the Lord then was affured vnto him by the same sacrament vnder Gods broad seale his change from good to euill therfore was it also called the tree of the knowledge of euil From this trāsgression wil the Lord lead him by the hand to take notice of the causes and the effects that followed vpon those causes In the causes he shall vnderstand that one sort were blameable an other holy good the blameable causes both principall and instrumentall principall the deuill which through pride against God and malice against man became liars and murtherers of man by bringing him into sinne Man the second principall cause by his free receiuing of the deuills temptation and hearkning thereunto contrary to the commandement of god when he might haue resisted the same became a ioynt rebell with the deuill The instrumentall causes first the serpent the instrument of the deuill abused to the seducing of the woman the second instrument was the woman deceiued of the deuill by the serpent became an instrument to deceiue man Then shall he be brought to the vnblameable cause to wit the law and commandement of God for had not this bin their had bin no sinne as the Apostle saies therefore the law which in it self is the sauour of life vnto life through the default of man became the sauour of death vnto death that most iustly for as an earthen pitcher dashed by the hand against a stone wall is truely broken of the wall yet no fault in the wall but in the hand that threwe it against the wall contrarie to the command of his superiour so man like this earthen pitcher beeing dashed by the deuill his owne free will the serpent and the woman vpon the lawe of God and so broken in peices is no fault in the law but theirs that dashed him against the law Therefore the lawe is no faultie cause but a iust and holy cause of mans fall and as the law did it so God did it Now the lawe was no bare permitting cause or a forsaking cause but a working cause euen in that fall of man Who sees not the wall to haue an hand in the breaking of the pitcher and therefore it is idle to say that the Lord was but only a looker on gaue man leaue to transgresse or did forsake him in the act for all these are false therefore that which he did he was able to doe that which he was able to doe he decreed vnto his owne glorie and so it seemed good vnto his wisedome and therefore might absolutely will that as good and iust But God committeth no sinne true as he did all this you see there was no fault for what fault was there in the wal that brake the pitcher what fault is there in the water that drownes a man if he cast himselfe into it in the fire if it burne him surely none therefore that which God did was iust and holy but that which man did was a hainous sinne For God made them the fountaines and beginnings of their owne actions because they were indued with free will to doe well that thereby they might deserue both praise and price I meane ratione pacti non absolutè meriti of bargaine and not of simple merit for that which the law would haue giuen them that we may say was iustly deserued and on the contrarie by paritie of consequence for ill doing they deserued both dispraise and punishment If then you say God might will sinne and not will it which is to defend contradictions in his wil very true is the antecedent God did will and not will yet the consequent is false for contradictions must be of the same thing in the same respect I may say Appius est coecus non est coecus Appius is blind and not blind which are no contradictions for they are not ad idem there is not the same thing affirmed and denied but diuers he is blind in bodie but not in soule so of the Lord that which he doth in sinne he wills because so sinne hath a respect of good and he wills it iustly but that which man doth in sinne he willeth not but is sore displeased with it Thus when the Lord hath let many see their transgressions he will carie them on a long vnto the effects that flowe from these causes as the streames from the fountaine and these are in number three blame guilt and punishment blame the fault of his action in breaking Gods lawe guilt whereby hee is tyed to vndergoe his punishment and punishment which is the iust anger of God
his posteritie who couenanted with God for vs as well as for himselfe for performance of obedience therefore he breaking we breake likewise by the law of inheritance he was our father we his heires he was the root of all mankind and we were in his loynes the manner is by imputation of the transgression and so consequently of blame guilt and punishment Originall sinne is conceiued in vs by our next parents and so goes a long to all posteritie bodie and soule are the excellent worke of God as if a skilfull workeman should make all the wheeles of a clocke verie artificially but being put into the hands of an vnskilfull prentice is so disorderly set together that one wheele cannot go aright so God the maker both of bodie and soule hath left them to our first parents and so consequently to our next parents to put them together who hauing lost their first standing with God are become not onely vnskilfull but also vncapable of any vertue to put together a man brought forth in the image of God for as this was onely Gods creation so must it againe be the new creation of God so that man and woman being not the causes of bodie and soule but of the procreation of a third thing riing from both may truly be said to beget a man according to their owne image and similitude Lastly it is true that euerie man shall beare his burden for actuall sinne is not conueyed in speciall but in generall so that euerie one shall answer for his owne actuall sinnes without hee followe his forefathers steps and then shall he be punished for both because he will needs haue both imputed vnto him the first by nature the second by imitation Therefore if man may see in this world thus much of Gods placing of sinne for this is but our obseruation what shal then this God of all order do when he shal not only set it forth but apply it to our hearts and consciences then shall we experimentally know the causes of all our mischeife the consequents in the guilt of conscience and the punishments both vpon soule and bodie so that that which is in this world both sinne and punishment shall be felt of vs in hell in no other regard but as punishment In this world we haue had some pleasure in sinne but in hell all shall be onely in torment the miseries of the body in this world haue vexed vs and the soule hath beene senslesse of punishment but in hell both bodie and soule shall haue exquisite sense of Gods anger wrath and vengeance and the soule shal then exceed in feeling And this is the setting of sinne in his place and order Reas 1. Because things must be separated Now methode alone is the true diuider of things and makes euerie one to rainne and hasten to his home we see how euerie creature maketh hast vntill he be come to the place in which alone he can rest sinne therefore which is frozen with many things that it ought neuer to haue touched and will not out of them because then he knowes not where to haue rest must needs beâ— disioyned els would all lie together in a confusion You see how cold congeales together water earth stickes stones and many disagreeing natures but when the fire comes it dissolueth and parteth them and maketh euerie one appeare in his nature So method finding men and their sinnes all on heapes disioynes them lets them see what is Gods what is their own But because men are blind and will see nothing God hath prepared hell fire to dissolue these frozen soules that they may see what a strange confusion they haue made of the workes of Gods hands by their owne Reas 2. Is perspicuitie and cleare knowledge The onely rule of perspicuitie is methode and therefore sinne beeing fullest of darkenesse had neede of the best helpe to make all cleare and euident especially seeing that sinne is one of the haters of light The darkenesse of the night opposeth the day and likewise the day the night wee see the morning expells the darkenesse and the appearance of the Sunne makes the shadowes of the night part away they that haue gotten themselues into holes and rockes must be pulled out off their dens by violence A theife or murtherer that hath gotten a hole fights like a beare and roares before men can drawe him into the open view of the world and he comes to Gods iudgement seat as beares vnto a stake They that haue seene villaines pulled out of their holes may marke them to look like fiends comming out of hell therfore great need of method that must cleare so hard causes as these are and bring all things vnto the light Reason 3. Iudgement which can not begiuen before euidence haue bin brought in and therfore must methode needs cleare all the bills and inditments that are to be brought in against wicked and euill doers that so iudgement may be truly and substantially deliuered Reason 4. Because of the consciences of wicked men which haue bin so long accustomed to sinne that they are so confufed that they can giue no euidence against the sinner therefore must the Lord needs vse his methode before conscience can any way assist the Lord in his iudgement Reason 5. Gods glory which must shine brightly out of all workes euen out of the workes of darkenesse which cannot be imagined without methode the glory of a stately building is not seen in the confused masse of it lying vpon the earth but when it is reared vp to the view of the whole world Reason 6. Multitude of offences now wee can doe nothing with multitudes vnlesse we bring them vnto some heads How should a iust account be taken of all sinne if the Lord should not summe them vp into some generall how should the general be prooued except the order of the specials might be seene how they were contained in the generall Reason 7. Quicke dispatch If truths were to be tryed by Syllogismes with the Lord it would be a long time before all arguments should be brought in and euery conclusion inferred Again much time would be spent in prouing of euery doubtfull proposition and great dispute might be held on this side and on that therefore the Lord will speedily finish all in an exact methode which is alwaies full of breuitie and perspicuitie Reason 8. Remembrance neither God nor man should be able to carry in mind the sinnes of the world but for methode we might wonder how the Lord should tel vs all that euer we haue done except it were for this rule of methode and man could neuer make any good account out of his broken crafie memory except the Lord by his own method should helpe him Methodus mater memoriae Vse 1. Reprehension first a confutation of the wicked that thinke as they haue done all in the darkenesse so the darknes shal couer them for euer but Psal 139.12 the darknes hideth not from
Sathan is a worker beside his owne peculiar manner of tempting which is possession or a more liberty and freedome to the tempted of sorrow and despaire and quicke dispatch of themselues For comfort of the godly I will instance a little in these lesser temptations and then I wil inlarge them to the wicked whose cause is desperate Of our owne natures spring the temptations which rise of the roote of originall sinne The spring and fountaine of all temptations without any forraine instigation from the world whatsoeuer is either a baite of pleasure or fright of terror which increase the actuall sinnes springing frō the originall roote and lay as it were compasse and powreth on water to that vngracious stock to make it grow the faster Now all these temptations are not of that dangerous nature that this is of here must we attend with patience the issue which not onely is certen but also shal come in the best time The corporall inhabiting of Sathan is the greatest fullest of terror and despaire that can befal the godly yet the historie of the deeds and sayings of Christ the writing of the Euangelists do testifie of whole legions dispossessed of that habitation by the power of Christ mercifully extended vpon such miserable captiues which examples serue against like times of affliction that we giue not ouer hope though millions of deuills should possesse vs within enuiron vs without but knowe his power to be aboue all force of the enemy and his mercie farre surmounting Sathans malice therefore Gods children haue no cause in this sort to feare nor haue any shadow of ground wheron they should resolue against themselues vpon the point of reprobation but that all these molestations and terrours which they now indure are temptations rather of their father for good and profit then grounded resolutions of such lamentable issue Againe The order of the deuill in drawing Gods elect into Atheisme and so on concerning his soule religion or faith for more praticular examination I find by daily experience that these are as well the operations of phansie from melancholie as of conscience for sinne that methode of which temptation I find for the most part to runne in this order First to call into question whether there be any God or no for melancholie is a disputing humor Secondly when reason hath mastered that then the second question is about the immortalitie of the soule When that again is conquered there enters a third question whether we professe the true religion or no. When that is expelled the fourth question that maketh the greatest tumult in the soule is whether wee haue any part or portion in that which it promiseth Here the deuill is exceeding busie for if this be resolued on he is wholly cast out and hath nothing further to trouble vs withall Any of the former doubts would haue sunke our soules for if no God then why should I abstaine from my sinfull pleasures If againe no refurrection then why should I vexe my selfe in this world If my religion be false then must I haue a new twenty to one but I change amisse and therfore I wil be of no religion but when I shall begin to thinke I haue no faith in Gods promises Whether melancholie be the affliction of conscience then alas what shall comfort me Therefore consider these questions first whether the conscience of sinne and the afflictions thereof be melancholy or not secondly what is the differēce thirdly the afflictions of mind to what persons they befall and by what meanes fourthly what may be the consolation And so from this setting before the eies of the conscience only in appearance I will proceed to the reall and that which the Lord will do to the hypocrite in this place For the first Difference betwixt them the affliction of conscience is quite another thing then melancholy as may appeare out of the second question by the differences First in the causes 1. Causes the one is a meere fancie without all true and iust ground and is onely raised vpon disorder or humour in the fancie and rashly deliuered to the heart which vpon naturall credulitie fareth in passion as if it were indeede whereof the fancie giueth a false alarum But the other is a sorrow and feare vpon cause and that the greatest cause that worketh miserie vnto man Secondly 2. Effects in the effects In that of conscience the bodie is ofttimes in firme state of health perfect in complexion and perfect in shape and all symmetrie of his parts the humours in quantity qualitie not exceeding nor wanting their naturall proportion but in the other the complexion is depraued obstructions spoile the course of humour and spirit whereby the blood becomes ouer-grosse thicke and impure and nature so disordered that diuerse melancholike persons haue iudged themselues strange creatures as historie will plainly record Thirdly 3. Subiect in the subiect The senses in the other both inward and outward are ofttimes perfect the imagination sound the heart wel compact and resolute and this excepted want no courage but in the other both inward sense and outward are too feebled the fancie ouertaken with ghastly fumes of melancholy and the whole force of the spirit closed vp in the dungeon of melancholy darkenesse imagineth all darke blacke and full of feare their hearts are either ouertender and reare and so easily admit the passion or ouer close of nature serue more easily to imprison the cheerefull spirit the causes of comfort to the rest of the body Hence they are faint hearted without occasion onely driuen with the tide of that humour to feare euen in the middest of securitie 4 From the originall Fourthly they differ in the fountaine and originall of them the one begins in the minds apprehension the other in the distempered humour which deluding the organicall actions abuseth the mind and draweth it into erroneous iudgement 5 Cure through false testimonie of the outward report Fiftly in the meanes of cure the one is helped by no medicine no purgation no cordiall or balme except the balme of Gilead are able to assure the afflicted soule trembling heart panting vnder the terrors of God hell death and damnation But in melancholy passions the vaine opened neesing powder or Bearefoot ministred to expell the fumes in the braine cordialls of pearle saphyres and rubies with such like recomfort the heart throwne downe and appaled with phantasticall feare 6. End Sixtly they differ in the ende in the one the perill is not of bodie and corporall actions but of foule and bodie to be cut off from the life of God from the sweet influence of his fauour the fountaine of all happinesse and eternall felicitie Here then the cause is the seueritie of Gods iudgement summoning the guiltie conscience the subiect is the sinfull soule apprehending the terror thereof which is for euer and euer the issue is eternall punishment satisfactorie to
the iustice of the eternal God which is endlesse and whose seueritie admitteth no mediation and this extends not to one ioynt sinew or vanie but to all neither that of the bodie onely but of the soule whose nature as it is impatible of all other things in greatest peace assurance and tranquilitie so beeing once shaken by the terrours of Gods wrath and blasted with the whirlewind of his displeasure it faileth and with it driueth the whole frame of nature into extreame miserie and vtter confusion The other hath for his cause a dry and cold humour whose subiect especially is the spleen swolne vp with windines and hardnesse vnder the left ribbes the consequents are the hemeroydes not flowing blacknesse and grossenesse of blood fearefull dreames solitarinesse sadnesse And therefore those are to be condemned which make the terrors of conscience nothing but melancholie and thereby labour to benumme the sense of that sting which sinne euer carrieth in the tayle and turne men to their vsuall pleasures and so delude the foole and simple in his waies skilfull to doe euill sottish in the pathes of righteousnesse and vtterly ignorant of her rule and wherein nature giueth some sparke of light more distinctly to discerne yet they turne them out of the way and make them like to stubborn and vnbroken horses shaking off reason despising her mannage and layeth the noble rider in the dust these be Salomons fooles that follow wickednes Like an oxe that goeth to the slaughter and as a foole that goeth to the stockes for correction and as a bird hasteth to the snare not knowing that he is in danger But beside these another sort are iustly taxed euen the Physitians themselues who when their patients come vnto them for physicke and they spie out their disease to be melancholy aske them vnder what minister they liue if they mention some conscionable man that deals truely with mens soules giue the parties counsell not to heare them but get from them as farre as they can Alas are not these distinct diseases and therefore what wretched persons are those that labour to turne a disease that is not vnto death into one that is both the death of bodie and soule For more particular differences consider That whensoeuer the mind according to these ingrauen lawes of nature which no man is voide of be he neuer so barbarous raiseth any molestation directly it is no fancy but a case of conscience The verie testominie of the heathen doth sufficiently witnes this point whose Poets according to their receiued opinions haue fained Hecates Eumenides and the infernall furies whose force Seneca in his tragedie of Hercules furens hath most liuely expressed These indeed are but fained persons yet the matter vnder this maske is serious true and of wofull experience This was Cains marke the spirit that possessed Saul Iudas the traytour by this wound tooke the reuenge of betraying the innocent vpon himselfe with his owne hands such was the anguish that Esau felt when he found no repentance after he had sold his birthright for a messe of pottage and such is the state of all defiled coÌ„sciences with hainous crimes whose hearts are neuer free from the worme but with deadly bite thereof are driuen to despaire This may the more plainely appeare if we consider how the soule may suffer of the body in life sense and motion The body is a great troubler of the soule not in his being but in his actions hence may he cause madnesse strange imaginations sudden feares dolefull apparitions feeblenesse of bodie and want of heart in the performance of any action but the mind will of man are of such excellency and perfection that they are not directly patible of any thing but of God alone that made them so standeth both mind and will in awe of none but of him neither admit they any other violence then from him into whose hands it is most terrible to fall No calamity comparable to the distresse of conscience All diseases of the bodie may haue some medicine either to cure them or to mitigate asswage their paine for all sores Chirurgie hath a salue freinds helpe pouertie there is no imprisonment but there is hope of libertie suite and fauour recouer a man from banishment authoritie and time weare out reproch But what physick cureth what chirurgerie salueth what riches ransome what countenance beareth out what authoritie asswageth what fauour releeueth these troubles yea if all should band themselues together in league though they would conspire a confederacie yet could they not preuaile If our assistance were an host of armed men if our freinds were princes and gouernours of the world if our possessions were as large as East and West if our meat were manna froÌ„ heauen if euery day like the day of Christs resurrection if our apparel as costly as Aarons Ephod yet al these would little comfort vs. This causeth such distresse vnto those that feele the torment hereof that they would redeeme it gladly if it were possible with the verie losse of their liues which often they assay to doe that this might off their stomach they would be content if it were possible to suffer all other kinds of miserie at the verie selfe same time This giues no warning as the diseases of the body doe for in them we find the head beginne to ake or stomach trouble vs lassitude of body remoovâ—d of sleep want of appetite to our meat but this taketh of a suddain like lightning and giueth no warning Here the purity of the blood and the sincerity and liuelines of the spirits auaile nothing to mitigate the paine it drieth vp the blood wasteth the marow pineth the flesh consumeth the bones makes pleasure painefull shortens life no wisedome can counsell it no counsell can aduise it no aduisment asswage it no asswagement cure it no eloquence perswade it no power ouercome it no scepter affray it no inchanter charme it A man languishing in sicknes as long as he is heart-whole he hath hope of recouery he that is in reproach among men and yet can remember that he is in fauour with God will not much care for the shame of the world he that is banished out of his owne country and yet remembreth that he is a citizen of the kingdom of heauen will not be ouermuch grieued but the wound of conscience is so deadly that he dare not sue vnto him that should be the only physitian of it because he thinks that he is his onely enemie Alas who dare meet with the Lord of hosts who can put to silence the voyce of desperation who will make an agreement with the hells of conscience what compact with the deuill In all other afflictions there is some comfort against sinne but this is alwaies accompanied with the accusation of sin this breeds hurliburlies in men that when it is day he wisheth for night when night for day his meat doth not nourish him his dreames terrifie him
his sleepe forsakes him when he speakes he is little bettes when he keeps silence he boyles in disquietnes the light doth not comfort him and the darknes doth terrifie him All other afflictions are tolerable because temporall and pursue but to death yet this beeing not â—uâ—ed endeth not in death Mens lawes transgressed may be helped by bribing of the magistrate or if the offence be capitall that there can be no pleading for him yet he may flie his country and so escape but God will not be bribed neither is there any flying from his presence Psal 139. nay alas we shall neede no seeking out we shal neede no apparitor to summon vs no baylâ—ffe to fetch vs no accuser to giue in euidence against vs sinne it selfe will arrest vs for he lieth at the doore our conscience will impanell a quest against vs our hearts will giue in sufficient euidence to conuict vs and our owne iniquities will plead guiltie to our faces This made the heathen to kill themselues thinking death to be an end of all miserie and thus like fond fishes they leape out of the pan into the fire out of the hell of their consciences into hell it selfe Let them doe the best they can get them to merrie companie laugh their sinnes out of countenance yet let them know that with Nero they may change their chamber but their chamber-fellow shall neuer leaue them They may sacrifice vnto the Lord humble themselues weepe with Esau confesse with Iudas lay hold on the hornes of the altar to mitigate their paine but onely the expiatorie sacrifice of the immaculate lamb is able to giue them rest and quietnes of soule Indeede this distresse of conscience soone becommeth melancholike vile and base turneth reason into foolishnes and disgraceth the beautie of the countenance How conscience may disiguâ—e the body and transformeth the stoutest Nebuchadnezzer becomes a beast so easily is the bodie subiect to alteration of minde and soone looseth with anguish and distraction thereof all the support of his excellencie In melancholie the heart is troubled with vaine seares vpon euery small obiect the very eye by a false apparition may strike him the eares with the imagination of euery voice sounding may dolefully appale him a very touch may make him startle and many such like troubles which are whelps of that melancholie litter bred of that corrupted state of bodie altered in spirit in blood in substance and complexion This may increase the terrour of the afflicted minde double the feare and discouragement How distemper of body may increase this wound and hinder all cure by counsell and aduise and shut vp all meanes of consolation for it must enter by the senses to the minde Now the instruments of sense beeing altered by the humour and their sinceritie stained with the obscure and darke spots of melancholie receiue not indifferently the medicine of consolation As the braine the original and fountaine of all sense and motion is thus euilly disposed so the heart the cherisher and refresher of our nature beeing in no better case and acquainted with terror and ouerthrowne with that searefull passion imptisoneth the spirits contracts it selfe and hardly yeilds to perswasion of comfort whatsoeuer it bringeth of assurance For though the griefe strike down at the first respecting no time place person condition or opportunitie of working but breaketh through all such considerations and beareth downe all resistance yet the comfort requireth them all and the missing of one makes the affliction to be long and hard in the cure The Comforters person his manner of handling the patient the time and place of performance with the braine and heart which are as the gates and entrance vnto the soule may hinder or aide the consolation No distemper can hinder the inward comfort of Gods grace But all this is to be vnderstood of outward meanes for the inward meanes to wit the grace of God and his mercie his comfortable spirit and gratious fauour in like swiftnes without meanes may restore the minde thus distressed which lieth open equally to the kind of cure euen as it lay to the wound Therfore seeing the body workes nothing vpon the mind altogether impatible of euery beeing sauing of God alone and secondly that the efficient can do it without helpe of the bodie and thirdly that the comfort is not procured by any corporall instrument nor the discomfort directly procured by the same lastly because all is done by causes in subiects nothing corporall and producing effects of an other nature then corporall it must needes bee concluded that there is great difference betwixt these two troubles The punishment of bodily racking is not the passion of the heart but a cause of it so that racking of the soule by sinne is not a melancholie passion but yet may it cause it and therefore makes the distinction not so cleare for oftentimes the symptome of a disease is taken for the disease it selfe The affliction of mind The persons which are hable to this sorrow to what persons it falleth and by what meanes is thus to bee resolued All men are subiect to this by reason of our fall the breach of Gods lawe and the wrath of God that followeth thereupon yet of all sorts of men melancholie persons are most subiect vnto it not from the humour but because he is most doubtfull and iealous of his estate for life temporall and life spirituall For temporall physitians and apothecaries shops will beare sufficient witnes for if they be able to walk we find them for the most part in these places And I would to God they were as readie for their spirituall life to bee with Gods spirituall physitians and in the shops of the true balme of Gilead By experience we find that when they beginne to examine how their actions answer the naturall and written line of righteousnesse and wanting the arch-pillar of faith and assurance in Christ Iesus our hope presently feele the very anguish due vnto sinners and in that most miserable condition fall into flat despaire The manner how this is done is when the curious melancholie person carrieth his mind into the senses of such mysteries How it befalls them as exceed humane capacitie and is desirous to knowe more then is reuealed in the word of truth and yet being ignorant of that which is reuealed he suddenly falls into the gulfe of Gods secret counsells which swalloweth vp all conceit of man or angel and measuring the truth of such depths by the shallow modell of his own wit is caught and deuoured of that which his presumptuous curiositie mooued him to attempt to apprehend Of this we haue a memorable example of a vertuous gentlewoman in this land who was carried along in this course doubting verie often of her saluation and making her case known vnto a worthy minister of God he often couÌ„felled her to take heede of inquiries further then Gods word and trust assuredly that shee might
of sufficiencie and will also effect that which he hath promised the first makes it possible in the thing the second makes it to exist in me now wee shall finde both these in the Lord which indeede grounds our faith in all particulars But here is neede of particular application and therfore we shall finde them both applyed vnto affliction I may well beleeue God with ease in prosperitie but hoc opus hic labor est this is paine and toyle to beleeue in affliction marke then these two places first for Gods sufficiencie 2. Cor. 12.9 my grace is sufficient for thee secondly for Gods efficiencie Isa 43.2 when thou passest through the waters I will be with thee and through the floods that they doe not ouerflowe thee when thou walkest thorough the verie fire thou shalt not be burnt neither shal the flame kindle vpon thee This is more manifested in the manner of working first in the Father because of his relation a father can do nothing which shall not be for the good of his sonnes Heb. 12.5 in affliction he speakes as vnto children my sonne despise not the chastening of the Lord neither faint when thou art rebuked of him Hence all is in loue Heb. 12.6 Whom he loueth he chasteneth and scourgeth euerie sonne that hee receiueth secondly this loue must purge vs Ioh. 15.2 Euery one that beareth fruit hee purgeth that it may bring forth more fruit for when we beginne to grow wild he correcteth our haughtinesse and cooles our courage by some affliction or other to cut short our hornes least we like bulls of Bashan should push at the godly the Lord sends fire theeues oppression to let vs blood in our riches least we should be too ranke and grow into a surfet Hence we may gather that the Lord hath means to saue vs and giue vs consolation in his good time 2. Cor. 1.4 so that this cannot be in wrath Psal 39.5 and therefore the Father doing this it must needs returne vnto our good Heb. 12.10 The second manner of working is in regard of Christ Iesus for afflictions are indeed curses but Christ became a curse for vs and so as by sinne blessings became curses so by Christ curses became blessings therefore the Apostle calls it a gift a matter of Gods liberalitie to become a sufferer Phil. 1.29 for vnto you it is giuen for Christ that not onely ye should beleeue in him but also suffer for his sake as though it were a greater matter of commendation to suffer then beleeue hence Paul can be content in all estates Phil. 4.13 The third manner of working is in regard of the holy Ghost who is the comfortet of the faithfull and therefore shall they be sure to want no comfort this makes the bodily absence of Christ better then his presence Ioh. 16.7 These are the principall causes able to support the soule without any more yet God is rich in comfort for the lesse principall causes are waightie and more readie at hand as first the word of God with the ministerie thereof Afflictions worke best in men when they come with the word Iehosaphat was more humbled by the speech of Iehu the seer then he was beeing compassed about with an host of enemies Adde wee vnto these the graces of Gods spirit in the hearts of the faithfull we must ouercome griefe with patience and eate out and burne out the temptation by faith and purge distrust in Gods promises by perseuerance in prayer Griefe naturally is heauie and lies as lead at the heart and consequently presseth vs downeward so that faith and praier must keepe the heart and hands the voyce and eyes vpward if we can call it shewes we are children of hope hanging at the breast for grace is like the stone that Aaron and Hur put vnder Moses that he might sit vpon it and the exercise of it is as Aaron and Hur holding vp Moses weake hands which while they are steadie make Israel preuaile against the Amalakites but when they shrinke downe Amalek preuailes Euen so is it with Christians they sit vpon the corner stone Christ Iesus but their hands and knees fainting in the exercises of prayer and other graces of Gods spirit makes the deuill our cursed Amalek preuaile against vs but the Lord will neuer leaue vs without good Aarons and Hurs to helpe to stay vp our hands vntill the going downe of the sunne and then shall Amalck vtterly be discomfited More specially I bring a threefold combination of grace with one single to runne through euerie one of them The first combination is of knowledge and conscience knowledge 2. Tim. 1.12 I am not ashamed because I know whō I haue beleeued secondly conscience which is a continuall feast therfore he that hath a good conscience may alwaies keepe a good house and be a cheerfull man all the dayes of his life The second combination is prayer faith praier as a watchword stirs vp in the soule and musters vp together an army of heauenly souldiers yea and God the cheife generall to send present aid to beat backe all the force of the enemie and all of them fall backward euen as the great multitude that came to take our Sauiour Christ Againe faith staies the hand of God continually it is a most sure stancher of blood so that if any affliction lie vpon vs it is for want of faith Moses was rebuked of the Lord for the not circumcising of his sonne his faith was weake and his wife in performing that duty was almost without faith yet the Lord departed away and spared both Third combination is patience and wisedome Patience Luk. 21.19 by your patience possesse your soules the seruice and worship of God in affliction is patience now wisedome is most excellent for it teacheth vs to descend downe into our owne soules and plead guiltie but there it leaues vs not as foolish persons to lie pleading with the iaylor or hangman for a pardon but presently brings vs vp againe and maketh vs ascend vnto the Iudge in heauen with a pardon receiued at the hands of his Sonne to intreat for mercie and that with full assurance because in the pardon the grant is specified which the Lord will neuer forget This makes vs see the true cause of our miserie 2. Sam. 6.16 what haue I to doe with you yee sonnes of Seruia hee curseth euen because the Lord hath bidden him curse Dauid who dare then say wherefore hast thou done it thus our wisedome teacheth vs to see the cause and then looke to his mercy and consider that his hand is not a destroying hand but a sauing A man that falls into sicknesse if it come whilest he is in his calling he is then lesse greiued then if he should haue brought it vpon him by surfeting and haue hatched it by his ill courfes euen so it comes to passe in the sicknesses of the soule If I was vsing the meanes of godlines in sinceritie of heart then shall I
be assured that all this is either to free me froÌ„ some sinne or els confirme me in some good worke begunne in me Secondly if in wisedome we would so prouide that afflictions might not quaile vs when they come then let vs in the time of prosperitie and quietnesse of soule cut off all head strong affections as greife sorrow and such like and then shall they not in our trouble preuaile against vs. Lastly learne to denie our selues and all our owne reason Luk. 9.23 if any man will come after me let him denie himselfe and take vp his crosse daily and follow mee The last thing requisit in all these is the keeping of a good memorie yea though our trouble be past yet still with feare to remember the hand of the Lord. The deliuerance of the children of Israel is often repeated in the Scriptures and surely for good endes because naturally wee forget the workes of God and his noble actes of ancient time which if they were faithfully treasured vp would doe vs much good in our times of need for either wee must thinke that God is not able to helpe vs or if hee be able yet wee are vnworthy of his helpe if wee doubt of his power see what hee did for Israel in Egypt in the red sea the wildernesse and among all their enemies If wee thinke wee are vnworthy then still thinke on Israel the worst people on the face of the earth for they were alwaies prouoking the holy one of Israel Psal 34.5.6 Yee shall looke vnto him and runne vnto him and their faces shall not be ashamed this poore man cried and the Lord heard him and saued him out of all his troubles And thus much of the efficient causes the matter followes out of which we are to draw some speciall comfort The matter of affliction is punishment and action Punishment therefore a morall good action therefore a positiue good The morall good first it corrects sinne past by opening our eyes to see it by humbling of vs and bringing of vs to meditation of heauen and heauenly things Secondly it cures sinne present by crossing of our nature Thirdly it preueÌ„ts sinne to come Fourthly it tries what is in our hearts All this doth a wicked man no good for the punishment is nothing but an execution of gods vengeance vpon them but to the godly it is a schoole-master to bring them vnto Christ For the second the worke of affliction though in it selfe a positiue good because an action yet it works but wofully in the vngodly but most comfortably in the children of God Heb. 12.11 it brings forth the sweete and quiet fruit of righteousnesse vnto all them that are exercised for it is a most certaine thing in Gods children that the more their afflictions growe the more their faith groweth the more Sathan striues to drawe them from God the more they drawe neere vnto God although in feeling they see not so much The third cause is the forme making an essentiall difference betwixt the afflictions of the godly and of the wicked They are in the godly corrections of loue for their good but in the wicked the vengeance of God to their euerlasting perishing The fourth last is the ende first in regard of Christ Phil. 1.20 to magnifie him and therfore an honour vnto his Saints Secondly in regard of our selues 2. Cor. 1.9 not to trust in our selues good to lay aside vaine confidence Thirdly for our vocation 1. Pet. 2.21 good to accomplish the end of our vocation Fourthly good in their owne vse all his well that ends well Ioh. 16.20 Your sorrow shall be turned into ioy To proceede to another demonstration that afflictions are good and comfortable may appeare in the fruits of it which are either within vs or without vs. The first is called the mortification of the flesh or the crucifying of the lusts thereof The second is called the mortification of the outward man by manifold afflictions To this is required a good cause Secondly patience voluntarie not perforce not mercinarie but to shew our obedience Thirdly constant not for a brunt Fourthly for a good end Now their is nothing in these afflictioÌ„s but ioy these will neuer gall the conscience but make it stout and couragious therefore let vs see the effects of the other First it openeth the eare Iob. 33.16 then he openeth the eares of men euen by their corrections which he hath sealed Secondly it brings forth greife and is verie necessarie to bring on other effects Greife we know would faine haue ease whereof it is and it laboureth alwaies to lay it selfe open and to mooue pitie it seareth nothing more then to be hidden for which cause nature hath giuen more helps to bewray this affection then any other as heauinesse of countenance hanging downe of the forehead moouing of the eyes teares sighs and grones it teacheth eloquence and maketh vs to change our speeches and so we learne to amplifie the causes of our woe so that falling on any obiect of our greife we are loth to depart from speaking of it we double our speeches on that theame we know the matter of Ezekias greife forced his tongue to touch it twise my tongue my tongue shall praise thee When our Sauiour Christ spake of doctrine he neuer doubles his words but is content to vtter it in a word but when he came to the rebellion of Ierusalem it touched him so neerely that he cryes Oh Ierusalem Ierusalem and Dauid when he lights vpon his sonne Absolon O Absolon Absolon O my sonne Absolon Thirdly after greife it makes vs loath and detest our selues Iob. 42.6 therfore I abhorre my selfe and repent in dust and ashes Fourthly to seeke vnto God Hos 5.15 Psal 78.34 when he slew them they sought him and they returned and sought the Lord early Ier. 31.18 I haue heard Ephraim lamenting thus Thou hast corrected mee and I was chastised as an vntamed calfe conuert thou mee and I shall be conuerted after that I conuerted I repented and after that I was instructed I smote vpon my thigh I was ashamed yea euen confounded because I did beare the reproach of my youth Lastly from the subiect Colos 1.24 I fullâ—ill the rest of the afflictions of Christ in my body an excellent subiect that may be annexed vnto Christ 1. Pet. 4.13 reioyce in so much that ye are made partakers of Christs sufferings that when he shall appeare ye may be glad and reioyce Phil. 1.29 a high priuiledge to be a sufferer for it is giuen vnto vs as a speciall donation and therfore their be heads enough of yeilding comfort to euerie afflicted soule I know none to be tossed and turmoiled more in soule then the godly and yet none more free from danger then they Psa 88. Dauid hath all Gods waues go ouer him v. 17. They came round about him daily like water and compassed him together A sea-faring man labours for nothing more when he is vnder a dangerous storme