how stoutly you behav'd your self in the day of Battail and with what diligence you reliev'd that Fortress exposing for it your Sons in so Stormy weather the Notion his Majesty and we have of all these Actions and of the great benefit which is the consequence of 'em is very proportionable to their quality and greatness and we hope his Majesty will shew it so in the honour and thanks he intends to return you because all is your due and he gave no small sign of it by his pleasure and satisfaction immediately to begin it as you will see by his Letters to you and your Son Dom Alvaro We were not a little discontented at the Death of your Son Dom Fernando as well for our knowledge how you must take it as for the loss of his Person which as he shew'd in that Action was eminently great but we so well know you and your great Prudence and Virtue as to be certain that at whatsoever time our Lord God should take him to himself you would conform to his Will and accept it at his Hand especially it being then when for the defence of his Faith and in so signal Service for his Majesty he Dy'd so honourably and was not wanting to the Obligation of being what he was which are very convincing reasons that you ought so to take it and very much less resent his Death As for what you sollicit us in about your return in which your Wife Dona Leonor whom we were very joyfull to see for the deserts of her Person and Virtues and out of the great affection we have for her hath spoke to us in your behalf as in a business she so much desires we should be very glad if we could in that gratifie your self and her with the good liking and satisfaction of our Lord the King but for the good Service you have done his Majesty and the great miss might be there of your Person in such a time he hath thought good to make use of you there for three years longer as you will see by his Letter and we assure our selves that for those considerations you will take it well and we very much desire you it may be so and hope in our Lord he will give you health and vigour to perform it and will assist and strengthen you in all your difficulties because the result of 'em is so much for his Service and he knows the main design his Majesty hath in desiring it should be so is because of his knowledge that his Service will by you there be unfeignedly promov'd and by your remembring amongst so many troubles and so important businesses those things of Ours you took into your care it is evident how great a desire you have in that and all other things to serve us which we so look upon as is reason for what concerns Diogo Voz we have in an other Letter writ to you what we desire should be done We were very much pleas'd with that perfume of Benjoim de Boninas and with all the other things you sent us by Lourenco Pirez de Tavora all being so good as they seem to be sent with that good Will which we esteem the most and take all very well of you and about those Servants of Ours and Persons who as you write us have serv'd well there and about those things you think it necessary to provide we will mind our Lord the King as you desire it should be done That which his Majesty hath to look too in the Rewards he ought to bestow on all those who have there ferv'd him is to take notice of what you have writ to him and of what you desire as 't is reason he should we take very well of you the good Character you give his Majesty of those our Servants who were present at the Action of Dio and also the many Favours and great Civilities we know for our sake you shew'd them Pero Fernandez writ it in Lisbone the 30th of October 1547. The Queen The Letter the Infante Dom Lewis writ him is not less considerable as being from a Prince who knew how to make so profound an estimate of Deserts and Virtues The Infante Dom Lewis's Letter 97. HOnourable Vice-King I receiv'd your Letter which came in Tavora's Fleet in which you tell me you receiv'd mine I sent by Lewis Fiqueira and I take very well of you your telling me the advice I gave you seem'd good to you and the more your putting it in practice and though I had not known you I had sufficient cause to believe it was so by hearing what you do there and seeing you write so plainly your difficulties Poverty and Abstinence weapons by which are o'recome the World the Flesh and the Devil who reign so absolutely in those parts of India a Victory greater then that of the King of Cambaya or of all the Force of the Turk for which as long as you Live you ought to fear nothing but be confident in our Lord God that he will assist you as he hath lately done in the Defence and Battail of Dio for which Victory you have great cause to praise him who hath made you an Instrument of so much Service to himself and to my Lord the King of so much honour to your Self and to all the Portuguese to the absent as to those who were present And certain it is that in that expedition from the first day you had the News of the Siege of Dio till that of yours and our Victory according to my reach you have done what could be done by a Stout and Prudent Commander as well in your speedy Succours as in exposing your Sons as the marks of Fortune to the dangers of the Winter and Seas of India that others might less apprehend 'em by which is clearly evinc't how much a greater share the Service of my Lord the King and the Obligation of your charge have in you then the natural affections of a Father which are those most Tyrannically over-rule our Nature And by the patience you shew'd in the Death of your Son Dom Fernando de Castro you have eminently clear'd this opinion It 's certain I resented it for my self and you and by the certain signs I saw in him of an extraordinary Courage took it for a very great loss and believe God design'd in that to recompence him by taking him out of this so troublesome Life by so honourable means and so much for his glory which ought to be no little part of your Consolation Your Son Dom Alvaro de Castro employ'd not his time ill when through so many difficulties and dangers he reliev'd the Fortress of Dio at that time when its only remedy was his Arrival and for his Behaviour there his falling on the Enemies Posts and all the rest of his Carriage I do for my self and you give him many blessings And to return to your resolution of venturing your Person and the State of India for the relief of
that the faults in the Fortification were judiciously observ'd what was Debated was immediately put in hand and with the choice of a convenient Situation he ordered Materials and Work-men for a new defence and this going on in the Governours sight the Gentry as well as others carry'd Stones some for Flattery others to promote the Building 39. The Fortress made tenable and the Sick recover'd by the fresh Air and fresh Provisions on shore the Governour set Sail again and having the Winds always favourable cast Anchor on the 10th of September at the Barr of Goa where Martin Affonso de Sousa by a Ship which went before having had notice his Successour was near provided to receive him with such Jollity as might shew the content he had in welcoming his Guest and leaving his Government he went presently in a Rich Brigantine to meet him at Sea whence he carry'd him to Correa's House of Pleasure whilst the Solemnity of his reception was preparing there he Feasted the Governour Gentlemen and Captains of the Fleet with so much Exquisiteness in the manner and aboundance in the meat that it seem'd he was doing the last honour to his expiring charge That night there were Balls and Dancing Rejoycings which the simplicity of old Portugall carry'd to the East Here the Governour staid two days attended by all the Gentlemen of the place who forsook Martin Affonso de Sousa even those who were his Favourites and he had rais'd from nothing disciplin'd in the Oriental ingratitude of the Indians who cast stones at the setting Sun and adore him rising 40. When the Entry was to be the two Governours were in a Faluque with gilded Oars and an awning of divers-colour'd Silks the Castles and Ships entertain'd 'em with the horrour of reiterated shootings the Vivas and expectation of the common people did without any cunning flatter the new Government they came to Land at a great place where the Common-Councel in a body expected them and when they were plac'd with all the Ceremony vanity for that purpose hath invented one of the Magistrates made an Elaborate speech in which the State expected a great deal of happiness in the new Minister after the Governour had heard the publick Flatteries he listned to the private ones of a great many who with them made way for their particular Interest 41. When the Solemnity was ended and Don Iohn possest of the Government of India Martin Affonso went to Cochim to provide for his return into the Kingdome the Governour immediately was engag'd in the care of quieting the People who were all in an Uproar for the alteration of the Money which the King's Officers had rais'd to the prejudice of the Subjects and the scandal of the Neighbouring Pagans I 'le tell the occasion begun it 42. There is current in India a low sort of Money which they call Bazaruccos which amongst Christians Moors and Pagans had always the same Valew this being of Copper which then came from Portugall and bore no price the Officers thought fit for the King's profit to raise the price the alteration of the Money was solemnly Proclaim'd and it began to pass at the new Rate but as this Legal worth was not intrinsical the Valew coming from the Law not from the weight the Pagans not subject to strangers Laws brought not in the usual Provision and the people seem'd to suffer by their own orders the Chief Officers back'd it as the King's cause standing for the King's profit in the Peoples destruction the whole City cry'd out that the Kings of Portugall never encreast their Treasuries by their miseries nor us'd to Drink in Gold plate their Subjects tears that the Pagans and Moors made their Braggs that not being able by the Sword to ruine the Portuguese by their own Laws they Destroy'd 'em arming against 'em the ambition of their Governours The hunger and liberty of the Petitioners grew high justify'd by a good cause and the Conformity of the common oppression with these grievances the Magistrates of the City with the poor Women and Children some full of Complaints the other of Arguments went to the Governour who Commanding the people to be quiet heard as a Judge the Magistracy as a Father the rest and hunger admitting of no long Cures ordered the next day for determining the business thus he sent them away satisfy'd some believing that as was the custom of India it being his predecessors Act it would by him be counted unjust The same evening he sent for the King's Officers and after hearing what they had to say for themselves referr'd the matter to the ablest Lawyers and those best skill'd in the policy of that State who unanimously agreed the decree to be Cruel and very contrary to the Pious intentions of our Princes this opinion too was countenanc'd by Custom and the Peoples privileges besides other Legalties which not to make our History tedious we lay aside This Law being revok'd by the Governour Provisions began to come in from the Inland-Country and the people made him a present of those Lives he had by the indulgent remitting the Tax redeem'd 43. This business made an end of with so much repute to the King's Clemency Embassadours came to him from Hidalcaon who after the Customary salutes and giving him joy of his Office desir'd the Delivery of a Prisoner on the terms agreed on with his Predecessor and this business coming to that height as to engage the State in an open Warr we will not leave its beginning unrelated 44. Bazarb Prince of Balagate Dying when Nuno de Cunha was Governour Meale though in his Cradle was Heir apparent to the Crown then was Hidalcaon the second Person in the Kingdome in Power and the first in Courage having in the late Warr with the Neighbour Princes given a large testimony of his Actions Hidalcaon as amongst this so Barbarous a people Men reign oftner by making use of their Opportunities than by observing what 's Right seeing his own strength and the Heirs incapacity pave his ambitions way to the Crown began to try the hearts of the great Ones before whom with a great deal of Artifice he deplor'd the miseries of the Kingdome in so Infant a successour under whom they must obey or endure as so many Kings all those he fancy'd that the Princes with whom they had now Warrs would not let slip this occasion of ruining 'em when they saw him who should defend 'em in the Cradle that where there were so many they ought to find out one to save their Country that he would be the first should obey him because the Government of the Kingdome could not wait those slow motions by which Nature gives a little one first Strength then Understanding that if with unprofitable obedience they should adore Meale in his Nurses arms he did not doubt but by keeping their King they would lose their Kingdome He was affable to the People liberal to
here give a Copy that the World may see our Arms in the East brought more Sons to the Church then Vassals to the State The King's Letter to Dom John de Castro FRiend and Governour The great Concernment which lies upon Christian Princes to look to matters of Faith and employ their Forces for its Preservation makes me advise you how sensible I am that not only in many parts of India under our Subjection but even in our City of Goa Idols are Worshipp't places in which our Faith might more reasonably be expected to Flourish and being as well inform'd with how much liberty they celebrate Heathenish festivals we command you to discover by diligent Officers all the Idols and to demolish and break 'em in pieces where ere they are found Proclaiming severe punishments against any one who shall dare to Work Cast make in Sculpture Engrave Paint or bring to light any Figure of an Idol in Metall Brass Wood Plaister or any other matter or bring them from other places and against those who publickly or privately Celebrate any of their sports keep by them any Heathenish Frankincense or assist and hide the Bramenes the sworn Enemies of Christian Profession whosoever of the fore-nam'd shall run into the like Crimes 't is our pleasure you Punish 'em with that severity the Law in that case or our Prolamation requires without admitting any appeal or dispensation in the least And that the Pagans may submit themselves to the yoak of the Gospel not only out of Conviction of the purity of its Faith and fed with the hopes of Eternal Life but be advantag'd too by some temporal favour shew'd 'em which doth very much work upon Subjects hearts you are with all Diligence to see that the new Christians may henceforward have and enjoy all the Exemptions and Liberties from Taxes enjoying those Privileges and places of Honour which the Pagans did hitherto use to do We have too been inform'd that many Indians are forc't to go in our Fleet and are for that at charges against their wills desiring that so great Exorbitancy should be remedy'd we order that the Christians be exempt from that Oppression and in case the necessity be very pressing you shall if they go with that trust we look for from your care and diligence provide that they be every day satisfy'd for their Labour Having known too from grave and credible Persons and what we particularly resented that some Portuguese buy Slaves for little that selling them to the Moors and other Infidel Merchants they may get by 'em which is done to the great Dammage of their Souls they being easily to be Converted to the Faith we command you to employ all your power for the preventing so great an evil by hindring such Sales for the great service which by it is done to God and you will do to us if with the rigor the case requires you remedy a thing which appears so foul to us You are to take care for the curbing the excessive liberty of some Usurers who as we are inform'd are amongst you under the protection of an old Law of Goa which we do at this present and you are also to revoke taking it away from the Body of the rest as contrary to Christian Religion you are to give order for the speedy Building a Church in Bacaim which is to be Dedicated to St. Joseph and upon our account to assign it rent for a Rector some Beneficiaries and Chaplains who may officiate there and because the Preachers and Ministers of our Faith by going about to Convert the Pagans are in Necessity we think it fitting and 't is our will to give 'em something towards defraying their Charges and only for that you are to lay a yearly Tax of three thousand Pardaos on all the Mosques the Moors have in our Territories You shall too out of our Customs and Rights for ever give three hundred Bushels of Rice for the maintenance of those whom the Vicar Miguel Vaz either hath or shall Convert about Chaul which quantity we order to be put into the Bishops hands that he as he sees necessity may distribute it We have too been inform'd that about Cochim Saint Thomas's Christians are cheated in their weights and measures by our Merchants who sell Pepper there and that they take from 'em the Surplusage they according to an old Custom ought to have over and above the just weight and measure whom for many respects 't were better to favour then oppress for that end you are to give order they may enjoy their old Customs you are also to treat with the King of Cochim that he cause to be tane away certain Pagan Rites and Superstitions which his South-sayers use to practice in the sale of Pepper his advantage by 'em being very little and the Scandal to the Christians who contract there very great and because we have been advis'd of the Cruelty that King useth against those Indians who receive our Faith by seising on their Estates you must zealously endeavour the said Kings to whom we have writ about it leaving that so Barbarous cruelty which so much injures the Souls and Bodies of his Subjects which being our Friend he will do you on your part employing that care we charge you with For that which by your Letters and Advises we have concerning the delivering the people of Socotora from the miserable Slavery in which they Live we are of opinion so to remedy it that the Turk whose Subjects they are shall not with his Fleets infest those Seas you are to look how that is most conveniently to be done by the advice of the Vicar Miguel Vaz whose Experience both in that and all other business of moment that shall occurr will very much help you We know that those who Fish for Pearl besides other wrongs and oppressions they lye under suffer in their Estates our Sea-Captains out of their little fear to God forcing 'em on very hard terms only to Fish for them upon which desiring that none of our Subjects should suffer any Violence or Oppression we order you to see that those people be not so hardly us'd and that our Captains usurp not so unjust a Power and further for the avoiding the like grievances and cruelties you are to look if those Coasts be sufficiently Guarded and if 't is possible for us to recover our Dues without having a Fleet there and finding it Feasible you are to withdraw thence our Captains commanding none to Sail along those Coasts by that means the Natives may enjoy their Estates and Cruelties and Extorsions be prevented above all we recommend to you the consulting with the Father Francisco Xaverius in what ever occurs chiefly what is to be done for the encrease of Christianity on the Fishing Coast that those who are newly Converted may not be employed in the Fishing if they be it may be upon knowledge that with their new Religion they have got new Manners and the great abuses
by my Blood shall see my Loyalty and be the success good or bad I shall not count Death less Honourable then Victory 8. Coge-Sofar's Arguments were for the Odiousness of the cause and the Authority of his Person well approv'd of The King after magnifying his Loyalty commits to him as to one who out-went all the rest in his Zeal and Conduct the design He immediately quickens the preparations by diverse messages to the Neighbouring Kings putting them in mind of the Affronts had been put upon 'em and offering them his Princes arms in favour of their grievances He dispach't Embassadours to Constantinople inviting the Turk to redeem the credit of his Arms by beating the Portuguese out of India a thing which as much concern'd their Religion as Policy He made way for the Succour he ask't of him with a present of so great Value as 't was more likely to stirr up the Turks ambition against his Riches then that he should send him Auxiliary Forces to maintain ' em 9. Dom Iohn Mascarenhas was then Commander in chief in Dio great by his Birth in Portugall by his Virtue in the East a man who deserv'd as well from his Fame as Fortune He by private intelligence knowing Coge-Sofar's designs aâ—d that all his preparations threatned that Fortress writ what advise he had to Dom Iohn de Castro and that he wanted Men Ammunition and other necessaries neglects which so many years Peace wink 't at or 't was perhaps that our men thought themselves secure by the reputation of the former Victory he added too that the Soldanâ—s â—s Levies were very forward and the Enemy near and that Winter would shortly come which would shut out all Relief 10. When Dom Iohn de Castro receiv'd this advise he had already sent two hundred Souldiers to the Fortress under the Commands of Dom Iohn and Dom Pedro de Almeyda Sons to Dom Lopo de Almeyda the other Commanders were Gil Coutinho and Luis de Sousa Son to the High Chancellor of the Kingdome And that he might know the condition of the Enemy He dspatch't two Envoys experienc't in the Coast and In-land of Cambaya with Letters to Soldan Mahamud in which he told him the advice he had of the Levies and preparations he had made of which he hop't for an account from him because like a Friend he would accompany him in his design which he could at present very easily do having ready at Sea a very strong Fleet and in the Fortress of Dio stout Souldiers with an Overplus of Provision who had much rather enrich themselves with the spoils of VVarr then be at the pittance of an idle Peace He charg'd too those he sent cunningly to observe the Enemies Forces what Auxiliaries he had and what the people said that so by that they might Dive into the bottom of the design But whilst our Envoys are setting Sail we will forbear speaking about the business of Cambaya to make room for the successes in the Molucco's which depend on this Government 11. The Molucco's were many years under the obedience of our Laws Discovered and Conquer'd by the Arms of this Crown which were the first of Europe came to those Islands assign'd to us by the partition the Pope made 'twixt the Kings of Portugall and Castile the King Dom Manoel had on his side the right of Arms and Laws these Islands not coming to Portugall by Conquest only but by Inheritance In the time of the King Dom Manoel the last and first of the Name the Church and State equally flourish't in those Islands the light of the Gospel in the ecclipse of Paganism shining there through his Zeal many Kingdoms receiv'd from this so happy Prince their Religion and Government This King Dom Manoel Baptizâ—d in Goa was amongst others King and Lord of the chief Islands of the Molucco's who well grounded in the Mysteries of our Faith returning to Govern and Instruct his people Dy'd without any Heir in Molucco and out of Gratitude for the benefits receiv'd of this Crown left by Solemn will Confirm'd by all the Formalities of the Law the King Dom Iohn the third Heir of the Kingdoms of the Molucco's to be successively annex't to the Crown of Portugall These Islands first discovered with Pains defended with our Blood and possest with so much Right have we seen parted with against the opinion of the best Lawyers and Geographers to Castile 12. The Governour Dom Iohn de Castro found in Goa Cachil de Aeyro one of great Power in the Molucco's who had for his Service deserv'd well of the State and was the nearest Ally'd to the Royal blood of the last Prince Dom Manoel but by many accidents so poor as he came to India to recommend himself to our Charity The Governour thinking his misfortunes not deserv'd by his Blood believing too that the memory of our Kings would be more honour'd by giving away then receiving a Kingdome invested him in the Crown of the Molucco's with this caution that in him and his Posterity the exercise of the Regality should depend on Portugall Amongst the Kings of India some made so great a gift a piece of Prodigality others of Pride but all stood amaz'd that we should take so much pains for what we gave away so easily 13. Whilst this was doing things in the Molucco's were not a little disturb'd by the arrival of three Castilian Ships which falling from their intended course got sight of those Islands and to refresh themselves after a Storm at Sea and carry their Prince more certainty of their discovery Landed in the Island Tidore I will not relate the Resistance our men made 'em because that hapned under an other Government and is Written by a better Pen I 'le but just tell what fell out in Castro's time who sent Fernaon de Sousa de Tavora to the Molucco's to dislodge the Castilians who invited by the Plenty and Richness of the Soil had a mind to enjoy the Fruits of other mens Labours and disturb the Peace and Trade of those Islands to which by Conquest and Inheritance we had a double Title Ruy Lopez de Villalobos a man more wary then Valiant was Commander of the Castilians he had proudly boasted of the strength of the Emperour Charls the Fifth his Master and of the advantage which from his Friendship those Pagan Kings might receive in their Warrs and Trade had too handled the report of us with a great deal of Disparagement and things hop't for being in the opinion of men greater then those at present some of the Islands listned to the Castilian pleading for it either sleight or forgotten Grievances 14. Fernaon de Sousa sent by the Governour arriv'd about this time at Molucco who upon information how things stood by Iurdaon de Freitas Commander in chief of the Fortress perceiv'd the Castilians party grew greater in hopes of Succour and Money promis'd from Spain As
the sight of Iuzarcaon and other Commanders pinion'd who represented the Tragedy of their Fortune for them compassionate to us pleasant there were seen six hundred Prisoners dragging their Chains after them after them the Field-pieces with different and numerous Arms. The Ladies from their Windows sprinkled the Triumpher with distill'd waters of diverse Spices The Officers through whose hands past the Gold and other rich Commodities came and made him voluntary offerings the equal disposition of their affections being more Valuable then the Triumph The beautify'd and open Churches shew'd their acceptance and thanks In this order he went to Visit the Cathedral the Mother-Church of the East where the Bishop and Clergy receiv'd him with the Hymn Te Deum Laudamus being entred into the See with Religious offerings he acknowledg'd the Author of Victories and it being now late with little Ceremony retir'd to the Palace one days time being too narrow for the Majesty of the Triumph THE LIFE OF DOM IOHN DE CASTRO The Fourth BOOK THere were but few Kingdoms in the East which in the Government of Dom Iohn de Castro did not Alarme that State by diverse Rumours of Warr by either Arms against us or against one the other inviting our Forces to make Peace or forward the Victory the East also saw him often girt his Sword for the cause of Religion 1. King Iohn had sent to the Island of Zeilan some Franciscan Friars exemplary in their Lives and Doctrine that by Martyrdome and Preaching they might bear witness of the truth of the Gospel that being our Prince's greatest concernment whose Banners Asia saw oftner display'd in reverence to Religion then ambition of Empire These Friars on their Landing in the Island were by the King of Cotta civilly entertain'd the Sun of Righteousness beginning once more to rise in the East That Paganism began to Listen to the Voice of Heaven and that Barren ground to answer the pains by its Improvement by the coming in of infinite Sheep to the Sheep-fold of the Church 2. Those Embassadours of the Gospel went forward to give News of the Light to the King of Candea in the heart of the Island whom they found Courteous in the entertainment of their Persons flexible to the obedience of their Doctrine He was instructed in the mysteries of our Belief that with a stronger Faith he might wash in the waters of Baptism He gave the Friars ground Materials and Money for the Building a Church that being the first Fortress the Conquest of the Gospel rais'd in the Island against the delusions of Idolatry for of the Preaching of the Apostle Saint Thomas if it reach't so farr neither had their Understandings any light nor their Country memory 3. That Prince shew'd himself obedient to the precepts of our Religion but not constant for the fear of his Subjects revolting on his change of Doctrine made him not to lose what he Esteem'd forsake what he was Convicted of for as a Plant not yet Rooted the force of human perswasion enclin'd him either way The Religious men endeavour'd to take those Rubbs out of the way of Life by assuring him that under the protection of our Religion and Arms he might secure both Crowns for the State was at that time Govern'd by Dom Iohn de Castro who for the propagation of the Faith us'd to venture his Blood for his Friends the State 4. The King listned to the proposition saying if the Governour would send him Relief he would not only himself profess the Faith but preach it to his Subjects One of the Friars carry'd this resolution to Goa the Governour certify'd of the cause of his coming desir'd the Conversion of that Prince as his greatest business in the East not less zealous in giving Children to the Church then Victories to the State He immediately dispatch't Antonio Moniz Barretto with seven Fly-boats and Orders that if he found any of our Ships at Sea to carry 'em with him writ honourable Letters to the Prince which he accompany'd with several Presents but leaving Antonio Moniz at Sea we will to observe the order of time in the Relation of successes speak of the taking of Baroche 5. The Governour had dispatch't from Dio Dom Iorge de Menezes to commit all imaginable Hostilities in the Bay of Cambaya to show the Sultan the edge of our Arms was not Blunted by their former Execution Dom Iorge took some Vessels of Provision going to furnish the Enemies Ports that those the Sword had spar'd might be made an end of by Famine He came one Evening in sight of the City Baroche whose stately Buildings presented him with the Politeness of Europe 'T was situated on an Eminency surrounded with Brick-walls which were more for shew then defence yet were there diverse Bull-works to be seen made not without some in-sight in Fortification furnish't withstore of Ordnance which commanded the entrance into the Haven The height of the situation discovered the Gates to be of square Stone polish't and the correspondency of Turrets and Windows argued the wealth and policy of the Inhabitants The Trade of the place was in very fine Silks a Commodity exported thence to many Ports of the East Madre Maluco was Lord of the City and had Tributary the Neighbouring Villages which by their fertility and bigness made him up a moderate Seignory 6. Our men had by chance taken a little Boat of Fisher-men Natives of the place who upon enquiry told what we have related of the City and upon Iorge's desire to know what Garrison was in the place had said that Madre Maluco had carry'd all the Souldiery to Amadabat the Sultan's Court and at present were remaining only some Artisans and other Trades-men Dom Iorge thinking the occasion opportune for assaulting the City though his strength was not proportionable to such a design yet events depending on accidents resolv'd to run his Fortune and to amuse the Inhabitants in security steer'd an other course Sailing by a different Rumbe taking along with him the Fishermen to be his Pilots in the entrance At night the whole Fleet tacking about stood up with the Port and getting all on Shore the Enemies confidence or negligence being unprovided of any Defence or Sentinel fell upon the Unarm'd and weak Multitude when the Night Confusion and Sleep run 'em upon the danger they avoided miserably wandering they shun'd their own as Enemies flying from those who fled themselves The skreeks of the Children stirr'd not up in their Parents any Compassion less Vengeance for the suddain fear gave 'em over to the basest affections of Nature the Crys and Laments of the Women discovered them their Ah me being their greatest danger those who by flying into Houses scap't the Sword were in them consum'd by the Fire the poor people having no remedy against but choice of their Death the Invasion and Sack was at the same time the Slaughter as in a Fight
as one who counted Peace a Vice Warr his Profession He immediately went to Agacaim thence dispatch't Dom Diogo de Almeyda Freire with nine hundred men to Dislodge the Enemy who with four thousand Souldiers quartered in the Neighbouring Villages when the Moors heard our men were on their March without staying to hear our Drums or see our Colours they retir'd to the Mountain out of respect as was thought by all to the Victories of Dio whose Fame had seis'd the whole East with fear and reverence The Campagnia was again brought under our Obedience enjoying with the Jealousies of Warr an insecure Peace as was to be expected from a Male-content and Neighbour Prince Hidalcaon taking himself affronted by his mens Flight made the reputation of his Arms an other cause to raise Warr and sent eight thousand Souldiers to take in that ground which was in dispute whilst he was making greater Levies with an intention as he gave out where his Kingdome lay at stake to venture his Person but whilst Goa is unalarm'd by the noise of his Forces we will speak of the affairs of Malaca and Maluco dispos'd by the Governours prudence and finish't by his Fortune 20. Bernadim de Sousa was sent Governour to the Maluco-Islands which by their distance from the heart of the State were of a more fickle Obedience both for the Subjection of the Natives and Libertinism of the Governours who behav'd themselves as Absolute and Independent Iordaon de Freitas had sent the King Aeyro to Goa in Chains unbecoming a Crown and with a false Process drawn against him which Dom Iohn de Castro commanded should be prov'd according to Law and absolving the poor King from the imputed Crimes after a Royal entertainment restor'd the injuries of the innocent Scepter with favour and honour Commanding Bernadim de Sousa to give him possession of the Kingdome with more reverence then had been us'd to other Kings by our Governours that that Nation might take notice of the States clemency and justice which held the Scales even betwixt Friends and Subjects 21. Bernardim de Sousa arriv'd at the Island of Ternate and getting on Shore went into the Fortress without those Ceremonies the ambition of that people Customarily us'd in the reception of their Governours Iordaon de Freitas who read in the suddain coming of his Successour and his own guilty Conscience the Process of his extravagancies was not a little disquieted knowing Castro's impartiality that permitted not the Governours to do or receive any injuries from the Confederate Kings and that by Aeyros being Justify'd he must necessarily be Condemn'd yet gave Bernardim de Sousa possession of the Fortress to whom immediately repair'd Aeyro's Children more to know their Fathers punishment then expect his return so Timerous are mens judgments in their desires Bernardim de Sousa bid them go fetch him to Shore in such State as it might appear he rather went to plead Services then answer Accusations His Children though not trusting to the pleasure of such unexpected News went running to the Sea-side follow'd by multitudes of the people who look't upon as a thing unusual Justice against one so Powerfull admiring the equality of our Laws so indifferent to Natives and Strangers Aeyro came on Shore saying we had against our selves given him the Victory and that he would with his Finger in his mouth always speak of the Governours excellencies He carry'd in his hands the Fetters he had on at his departure making pass-time of the memory of his grievances by this Justice things in the Malucos were for many years in a gratefull Obedience 22. Malaca at that time enjoy'd a most profound Peace setled by the friendship and commerce of the Neighbouring Princes yet the King of Viantata finding he had Force enough to set upon any great design was by strength and ease put in mind of many forgotten grievances which his Predecessors had receiv'd from the Kings of Patana and having good correspondence with the Princes of Queda Pam and other Borderers found a way to bring 'em into a League making them take their parts in revenging an others Injuries they put to Sea a great Fleet and by Capitulations agreed that the King of Viantata should be satisfy'd in being reveng'd on his Enemy and they go away with the Booty of the Warr for Venturing their Lives in an others quarrel 23. In this Conjuncture Simaon de Mello was Commander of Malaca and on knowledge of the Breach betwixt those Princes writ to Diogo Soarez de Mello who was in the Haven of Patane to come to that Fortress for all those Kings being Friends to the State he had rather arbitrate then side in their differences besides it was in Policy reason to let 'em be broke by a Warr that being drain'd they might Live with more Subjection under the peace and obedience of our Arms considering time might furnish 'em with an opportutunity and their strength with Courage our Dominion over them being a sufficient cause for them to hate us and for a Warr a strong Army look't for no other pretensions 24. Diogo Soarez not refusing the advice dispatch't some Ships Laden for China and parted himself with two little Galleys for Malaca The King of Achem was at this time with twenty great Vessels looking out for Prizes with the force of a Prince playing the part of a Pirat He took some Junks of Provisions and at Sea behav'd himself insolently to some Ships of his Friends his success heightned his confidence Landing by Night in the Port of Malaca only to say he had set footing on ground that Liv'd under our obedience and with this glory wonn solely by stealth He immediately return'd on Board 25. The City was in an Uproar and the fear and night encreas'd the danger many flying from their own shadows the Crys of the fearfull only reach't the Fortress for they were surpris'd with fear without danger The Commander in chief sent out Dom Francisco d' Esa with some Souldiers who going into the Colony of the Chelins saw in every ones fear and confusion the face of a Warr without an Enemy who was by this time on Board carrying with him only the imaginary vanity of having Landed Simaon de Mello was as sensible of the King of Achem's Cowardise as if it had been an Outrage so sacred were the Walls of that Fortress as if to march towards 'em had been an Insolence to look on them a Crime He presently set forth a light Vessel to find out the King of Achem's course whilst he put to Sea two great Carvels and six Fly-boats to find out the Enemy Diogo Soarez de Mello with the two Galleys we spake of came at this time into the Haven as if steer'd by our Fortune to help the Victory Dom Francisco d' Esa was nam'd Commander of this Squadron who though ill fitted out like one who hastens to a suddain quarrel put to Sea with
that he had not where withall to Buy an other Quilt then that they saw on his Bed that he had only made a Sword for his Son Dom Alvaro to return into the Kingdome and set the Hilt with some Jewels of small value That he desir'd they would enter a Protest of this that if at any time the King found it otherwise he might punish him for perjury This Speech was writ in the City-Books which they who succeeded might read for their Instruction with whom I believe the Memory is more pregnant then the Example 103. As soon as the Vice-Roy perceiv'd himself summon'd to a sharper Conflict avoiding the importune diversion of Human cares he secluded himself with the Father Saint Francisco Xaverius providing for so doubtfull a Voyage so secure a Pilot who all the time of his Sickness was his Nurse Reconciler and Governour As he had got no Riches to make a new Disposal of he made no other Will then that he left at his coming to Govern India in the Kingdome in the hands of Dom Rodrigo Pinheiro Bishop of Angra to whom he had Communicated it and receiving the Sacraments of the Church he gave up his Soul to God the sixth of Iune one thousand five hundred forty eight in the eight and fortieth Year of his Age and almost three of his Government of that State The Riches he gain'd in Asia were his Heroick actions which Posterity will read in this Book with a tender Memory In his Study were found three pieces of small Money and a Discipline which seem'd to have been often us'd and the Locks of his Beard he had pawn'd He ordered his Body should be Deposited in Saint Francis Church in Goa thence to be Translated to his Chapel at Sintra They immediately consulted on his Funeral which was to be not less Compassionate then Solemn deserving the Illustrious and common Tears of the whole State 104. After some years his Bones came to the Kingdome where they were receiv'd with reverent and pious applause as being the last benefit his Country receiv'd with his Ashes and on the Shoulders of four of his Grand-children carry'd to Saint Dominicks Convent in Lisbone where for many days were made costly Exequies thence they were the second time Translated to Saint Dominicks Convent at Bemfica where though in an others Chapel they remain'd some years in a decent Depository till his Grand-child Francisco de Castro Bishop and Inquisitor General made for them a Chapel and place of Burial for Design Matter and Adornment but to the King's Monuments not second to any the relation of it will not perhaps seem tedious out of respect to the Memory of the Grand-father and Piety of the Grand-child 105. Saint Dominicks Convent of Bemfica is two Miles from Lisbone nam'd so from a Neighbouring Village 'T was always in the possession of the Kings of Portugal where for the freshness of the Air they had a Country-house which they went to for Diversion of business or the exercise of Hunting King Iohn the First finding himself indebted to God for so many Victories amongst other Acts of Thanksgiving gave this Palace to the order of Saint Dominick with the Adjacent grounds Gardens and Orchards the twenty second of May one thousand three hundred ninety and nine for the Founding a Convent which was not only Founded but Augmented by our Kings The Founder oblig'd himself by his Letters Patents preserv'd in the Archives of the Convent to protect and defend the cause the persons and goods of the Religious Sollicitous in God's cause Couragious in his own King Iohn the Second endow'd it with a great Revenue which the House now enjoys under the Name of the Fifth of the Islands without imposing any new Obligation which might render the Alms less Liberal or Acceptable the King Dom Emanuel though Distracted with greater Cares and Buildings left in the Sacrifices of this Temple a Religious memory ordering that twice in a Week should be Sung two Masses to the Angels in the behalf of those who were at Sea this was in that Age the Astrolabe of his Discoveries and the Abetter of the Victories in the East The Queen Dona Katherina look't upon this House as her private Chapel offering here from her own Oratory Reliques of Veneration and Value amongst others in a great Silver Cross a piece of the holy Cross which offering from Royal hands doth assure the Certainty of so inestimable a present Our Princes conferring on this House temporal and spiritual benefits King Philip the Second augmented with an honourable Alms those it before enjoy'd This Convent hath always been for the strictest observers of the Religion who under the name of Recolets allow no Swerving or Indulgence from the first institution hither as to a School of Virtues use to retire the most eminent of the Order some to avoid others to be at rest after their Prelacies in a holy leisure to be untaken up but by God and to reform their Affections 106. In this Convent Illustrious for its Foundation and Discipline rest the Victorious Ashes of Dom Iohn de Castro in a Chapel and Monument of a Religious greatness The Chapel is Consecrated by the name of Corpus Christi hath the great Door into the Cloister of the Convent and over that in a Scutcheon of Relieve the Arms of the Founder the wideness of the Door takes in forty Palmes the height above seventy a proportion the Architects name Dupla and the work is Dorick 'T is only of one Isle of polish't Marble the Pavement also is of diverse Colour'd and Polish't stones there goes about it within a well-orderded and proportionable Pedestal which sustains the Decency of an uniform Building it contains six Arches with Pilastres between upon their Bases and with their Capitals there goes also a Cornish round about it hath six Windows proportionable to the rest of the Architecture On the high Altar is a Tabernacle in which is always kept the blessed Sacrament lighted by two silver Lamps behind it an Altar-piece both of Carv'd work with great Flowers all Gilded and on the top a Picture of our Saviour's last Supper behind the high Altar and Altar-piece is the Quire for the Novices for whose better Breeding and Service of God is made a House with twenty Cells and diverse Offices which form the Body of a distinct Convent The Roof of the Chapel above the Finishment of the Cornish is also of Stone divided into Compartments with rich Mouldings Of the six Arches which make the whole the two first are on the plain of the Altar on the Gospel-side is a Door goes up to the top of the Building and the Founder's Lodgings on the side of the Epistle is an other goes into the Sachristy The other four are taken up with four costly Monuments with Urns of Burnish't stones which rest on the Backs of Elephants of black Marble 107. In the first Arch which joyns to the plain of
Port of Madagascar call'd Matatana where he got so good Information of the place as the News put Tristaon on the Discovery which he perfected and going afterwards for the Indies in his way took from the Moors a Fortress in Socotora 14. After the business of Socotora the great Alphonso d' Alboquerque who came with the Fleet from Lisbone with seven of the Ships designed to go along the Coast of Arabia and after so many Ages to revenge on the Arabs their Incursions and Possessions on the Continent of Spain the first place he arrived at in the Kingdome of Ormus was the City Calayate where he accepted of their Friendship and forc'd four more to take his upon his own Terms went on persuing his Victories and sending fear his Harbinger before him till he came to Ormus where he made Peace with the King upon condition to turn Tributary to the King of Portugall and permit him to Build a Fortress on the Island By the great Fleet which parted 1509. the Vice-Roy received orders to return and Alboquerque was possess'd of the Government which he Eternis'd by taking the Cities of Calicut the greatest and most powerfull Enemy the Portuguese had in India and Goa seated in the heart of India therefore judiciously made the Residence of the Vice-Roys and Governours went in Person to Sumatra and possess'd himself of Malaca so famous among the Antients for its Scituation in the Aurea Chersonesus and then the great Mart of all the Eastern Merchants In the time he spent here he received Embassies and Offers of Friendship from the Kings of Campar and Java and from the King of Siam upon the Continent sent an Embassadour to the King of Pegu and Ships to discover the Spice Islands of the Maluccoes and Banda He made the first expedition into the Red-Sea and entred that Streight Coasting Arabia till he came to the Island of Ceibam in the middle of that Gulf being returned from setling Ormus he Died full of Glory and Deserts on Ship-board at the Barr of Goa in the year 1515. and his own Climaterical 15. The same year King Emanuel designing an honourable Repose for Alboquerque after so much Sweat and Toyl in Warr and Victory had sent Governour to the Indies Lopo Soarez d' Albergaria with a Fleet of thirteen Ships and Instructions to make a Fortress upon the Island of Zeilan whence according to his Intelligence came all the Cynamon of those parts At his first coming to the Island in 1518. the King of Columbo on the noise of the Portuguese Arms and Iustice readily consented but altered by the Iealousie and Interest of the Moors of Calicut and Malabar was afterwards forced to yield a Fortress and become Tributary In his Government Perez d' Andrade with four Ships went to discover the Gulf of Bangala and the Coast of China He was succeeded at the end of three years by Diogo Lopez de Sequeira who made a Voyage to the Red-Sea according to his Instructions from the King to find out the Coast of Presbyter John he came to the Island Macua Inhabited by Christian Moors and to Arquico a Fort of Presbyter Johns where with mutual Tears and other Expressions of Ioy was the first solemn meeting of the Eastern and Western Christians of which that it was to come to pass the Abissine Friers said they had by them antient Prâ—phesies 16. King Emanuel Died in December 1521. after a glorious Reign of 26. years The first sent to the Indies by his Son King John the Third was he who discovered them Vasco da Gama made Conde da Vidigueira he went with the second Title of Vice-Roy which was not given of course to those who went to Govern India but as the Romans chose their Dictators bestowed on Men of Eminent worth or for extraordinary Emergencies and Atchievements so the Turks preparations at Sues and giving out he would drive the Portuguese out of India were the cause Dom Garcia de Noronha was sent thither 1538. with the Relief of four thousand men on twelve Ships and the Majesty and Terrour of the Third Vice-Roy as our Dom John de Castro was made the Fourth upon his signal Victory against the King of Cambaya and raising the second so famous Siege of Dio. 17. Dio famous for twice Baffling the Power and Policy of the East and scituated at the entrance of the Sea of India and in the passage thither from Africa Arabia and Persia was according to some Built by Alexander the Great intended to be the Mistress of the Sea and Land and so called from the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which his Flatterers gave him as the Son of Jupiter Ammon others without Searching into the reason of the Name give it a more Ignoble beginning by saying it was only antiently Inhabited by Fisher-men but afterward like Venice grew great rich and formidable It was a constant part of King Emanuel's Instructions to those who serv'd him in the Indies knowing a Fortress here would be to India such a Curb as Argos in the hands of Strangers was once to Greece to try always to get footing in this place It was accordingly often but in vain attempted by all the ways force or stratagem could suggest but was only that the Fortune and Grandeur of so great a King could not atchieve Dom John the Third not so Covetous of the Kingdoms as Virtues and Victories of his Father commanded the Governours not to lay aside the design without engaging for it in whatsoever expence or difficulty who were all so blindly obedient as to lye with great Fleets before it observing the places of advantage sometimes falling on by open Force sometime by Design yet all unsuccessfull On which advice the King ordered the Warr to be carried on in other places of Cambaya that by desolating his Cities annoying his Ports and obstructing the Trade that King might be forc'd to purchase his quiet by granting him a Fortress there The Execution of the Portuguese's Arms and Crys of his Subjects brought him to seek Peace by giving first the City Bacam with its Iurisdiction and Revenues to the Governour afterwards being press'd by so terrible an Enemy as the Mogul and the Rebellion of his own Subjects he bought Protection and Assistance from the Portuguese by giving them leave to choose a place there to Build a Fortress on which Martim Alphonso de Sofa Admiral of the Seas of India imployed by the Governour to compleat the Treaty placed on the point which commands the Haven This was in the year 1535. It was not long before the King of Cambaia perceived the Portuguese by their possession here to have their Feet upon his Neck and all the East to complain of the interruption of their Pilgrimages and the loss of their Trade and Commerce to Mecca upon which the King listned greedily to Coge-Sofar's perswasion of Besieging the place on the security of being assisted by a great Fleet from the Turk who design'd to drive
what Kin we vvere to Sabayo that he should leave us Goa how near vve were Sultan Badour to Inherit Dio from him whether Achem left us Malaxa by his Will and all the places which pay us Tribute all over the East that he desir'd us not to quarrel at that Title in him that made us absolute Lords of the World that we should let God alone with the Government of the World and being Born farthest West not busie our selves to compose the Disorders of Asia that he would have us know he had in his Kingdome Mines of different Metals that some furnish'd him with Gold for his Friends others with Iron for his Enemies that in the last place he desir'd the Governour to deliver him up Meale that by the mercy he should use him withall the World might see how worthy he was to Reign who so treated his greatest Enemy that his Embassadours had order to settle all that concern'd the State 49. Martin Affonso having receiv'd the Letters and given Audience to Hidalcaon's Embassadours understood by 'em that they proffer'd for Meales person an hundred and fifty thousand Pardaos and the main Land of Bordez and Salsete very considerable to the State for its Revenue and Nearness to Goa Martin Affonso look'd upon the business as very weighty and either Face promising great advantages the restoring of a Prince and pulling down a Tyrant was a design worthy the Arms of Christians by which the State would purchase no ordinary reputation letting the World see that our Banners were not displaid in Asia either to usurp Kingdoms or get Riches since their employment was that the Pagans and Moors of the East should keep the true Faith towards God and Justice amongst themselves On the other side 't was said that if Meale after a long Warr should come to Reign he could not give the State more then now without it Hidalcaon offer'd and that the Moors by their hatred and Religion being Enemies the World would laugh to see us with our own Blood destroy one Infidel and set up an other when too our happiness depended on both their ruines besides that our Arms came not to India to defend the Enemies of the Faith but to destroy 'em that if Meale found no Protection from the King of Cambaya his near Kinsman why should he look for 't from the Portuguese to whom he was an Enemy that when he found himself restor'd and strong the first Lance that was hurl'd against the State would be his because the Neighbourhood of so brave men who made him King would be suspicious to him and the Memory of so great a good turn was enough to make him Hate us 50. Martin Affonso on grounds not throughly weigh'd resolv'd at last to deliver up Meale dispach'd the Embassadours and with them Galvaon Viegas an Honourable Gentleman with full Power to settle the Contract in the manner it hath been related sending with the consent of the Embassadours to take immediate possession of the main Land in virtue of Hidalcaon's profer 51. In this condition did Dom Iohn de Castro find the affairs of Meale and was sued to by a new Embassy from Hidalcaon in confidence of the Capitulation made with his Predecessor but Dom Iohn with different maturity answered Hidalcaon that the Portuguese were faithfull to their Enemies much more to their Guest that the propositions of his Predecessor were more for a right understanding of the cause then to determine it that the main Land belong'd to the State by more antient Grants and that it was just out of its Revenue to maintain Meale in gratitude to the Kings his Predecessors who annex'd it to the State that he should suffer him quietly to enjoy this little memory of his Right that the States securing his Person was not yet Protection but Charity that he should not with over-hasty Arms disturb the Peace for then he would make sure what he fear'd provoking the State to take in hand the revenging of both and because his Embassadours had hinted that the denying Meale would necessarily make a Breach He put 'em in mind that most of the Fortresses we had made in India were founded on the ashes of destroy'd Kingdoms that the Portuguese were like the Sea which raiseth it self and grows greater in Storms that for his part as he sought not a Warr so he could not deny one 52. With this answer the Governour dismist the Embassadours who by his firmness in delivering it understood that neither fear or advantage would bend him to give up Meale Immediately he put himself in readiness to make or expect a Warr which coming from a neighbour Prince we might sooner feel the Blow then see the Sword He gave orders for the raising of Horse which were to be about two hundred and to serve under the same Colours a more stout then orderly Militia He entrusted the Guard of the City with the Train-bands and had Souldiers in pay ready for any suddain invasion of the Enemies He set upon the making ready the Fleet out of hand which by the Voyages and Warrs of his Predecessor and the poverty of the State he found all in pieces and the strength of the Navy being what is most considerable here he wholly laid himself out He new fitted the Vessels which lay in the River made three Galleys and six Round-bottom'd Ships with wonderfull speed not failing the Officers in their pay or his thanks by which means the work went on diligence over-coming time He nam'd Captains of those Galleys and Ships who intended the work as their own business an expedient which did a great deal towards the quickness of the dispatch the goodness and plenty of Ammunion and Provision with which in an opportune and short time the Fleet was ready with this he so bridled the Neighbour Princes as he hindred 'em from joyning with Hidalcaon who had already sollicited them to shake off the yoak as an advantage to the common Liberty 53. Hidalcaon having notice of the Governours resolution appeal'd to the Justice of his Sword endeavouring to carry the Warr from home before Meale's presence rais'd the people who by their commands and advantages in the Warr would make the cause their own He presently on severe penalties forbid the Victuallers carrying the ordinary Provision to Goa which having it all from the Inland was not furnish'd to endure so suddain a Warr after this he sent Acedecaon a stout Turk with ten thousand men to take in that part of the main Land which Liv'd under our Obedience 54. But Dom Iohn de Castro knowing that first successes give reputation to a Warr went out with two thousand Foot and the Horse of the place to resist the Enemy and being perswaded by a great many Gentlemen that he should not engage his person in so unequal a party that it was not for the honour of a Governour of India to put on his Sword against one of Hidalcaon's Captains nor to let
of his State went immediately to meet the Bashaw at Sea secure in an innocent Conscience but the Tyrant forgetting Faith and Humanity made him with Scoffs and Derision a cruel delight in so foul a Treason be Beheaded in the Galley 'T was easie for the Bashaw upon the Death of the King to seise on the City frighted and confus'd at the violent Murder of their Prince and because the Turkish Neighbourhood cost the State blood and trouble we will in brief give you this relation of the place 73. It is situate on the Coast of Arabia the happy in twelve degrees and fifteen minutes of Northern Latitude protected by a little Mountain which with some Castles defends the entrance of the Harbour it lies in the mouth of the Straight the Port bold capable to Anchor Ships of any burden though expos'd to Westerly winds which are the Monsones in Summer Art and Nature have made it Tenable by Land securing it from the ambition of the Neighbour Princes and the incursions of the Mountainous Arabs who molest the Country with troublesome Inroads there is in the Port a little Island tolerably Fortify'd call'd by the Natives Cira before it is an other safe Harbour sheltered from many Winds where the Mecca Fleet use to come to an Anchor There are no Rivers or Fountains to water the ground it doth not sometimes Rain for two or three years whether it be the nature of the Clime or some hidden Judgment so as they fetch their water at a distance with Caravans of Camels The chief Commodity of the place is Rubarb but that which brings in most profit is the Anchorage of Ships which pass the Straight The Nation is Warlick and Cruel goes willingly to the Warr though more for Plunder then Victory 74. The Bashaw having seis'd on the City and seeing himself though an Intruder obey'd began with diverse Oppressions to break the people unarming 'em that their fear and subjection might make them more easily Govern'd he Cut off and Confiscated without any reason those who were Eminent their Lives being a fault their Estates a crime the poor Peoples suffering was more their Virtue then Cure for the Tyrant was irritated at the so servile patience of the innocent Marzaon succeeded him in the Government of the City as also in his Tyranny being so Cruel as quite to wear out the patience of the miserable Inhabitants who resolv'd rather to endure him as an Enemy then Governour They found out ways to offer their City and Obedience to the King of Campar saying they would with any Relief fall upon the Turks grown careless in a peacefull and almost hereditary Dominion much more in their Contempt of those men who as they thought had lost all memory of their Liberty and Injuries 75. The Neighbouring King with words full of Compassion and Gratitude accepted the offer whether out of ambition or humanity He selected out of his Army a thousand Souldiers well-deserving of so honourable an Action and would himself be their Companion and Commander they began to March in the silence of the Night and being come to the City the Couspiritors possest 'em of a Gate at which they entred makiug themselves with a weak resistance Masters of the Castle Marzaon with five hundred Turks Fortisy'd himself in the Palace more certain of the Danger then the Cause and Authors The first light discocovered the King Commanding his men who presently dispatch't a Trumpeter to Marzaon to tell him he had antient pretensions on that City and now the Election of the Inhabitants who under the Oppression of the Bashaw's intrusion were so ty'd up in their Voice and Liberty as not to pronounce the name of their natural Prince that he came to their help as Sufferers but much more as his own Subjects that if he would leave the City he would use him as a Friend permitting him to carry away his Arms and Baggage if not Justice and Victory should give him a double Title to his own Subjects 76. The Turk finding out the conspiracy of the Arabs and wanting Strength and Provisions for his Defence obey'd necessity and March't out with Colours flying and Drums beating to possess himself of a Castle eight Leagues off designing from thence with Relief from Bacora to reduce the City to its former slavery He began to fall upon the Caravans of Adem which furnish't the City which receiving water and provisions from the Mountain was in a few days brought to great Streights for if any Provisions came in they were few dear and stollen The deplorable people with tears in their Eyes weigh'd in the same Scale Famine and Tyranny evils which only afford a miserable Choise The Tyrant recruited his party with continual supplies which the King could not with equal Force oppose and discoursing with the Magistrates on the ways of saving the City they put him in mind of the Fame of our Victories against the Turks and our Fidelity in protecting our Confederates They resolv'd to dispatch a small Bark to the Governour of Ormus who was then Dom Manoel de Lima offering him a Fortress and the Revenues of the Custom-house withall letting us understand the danger the State would be in if the Turk got footing in the City 77. 'T was reported Marzaon in a short time expected considerable Relief from Balsora and if forborn till his Recruits arriv'd would by open force fall upon the City on which the King of Campar shewing himself a Souldier in his Discourse and Courage unwilling that Stock should take faster Root resolv'd with three thousand Choise men to Besiege the Fortress which with greater Resolution then Fortune he engag'd in being Kill'd in the first assault The Arabs seis'd with fear at the Death of their King left the Siege to Bury the Body though upon that oecasion Revenge had been more opportune then Piety 78. The Vessel which went for Ormus at the entrance of Cape Rosalgate met with Dom Payo de Noronha who with twelve small Galleys guarded that Straight and understanding the Arabs pretensions thought that Relief worthy some great Commander and writ to the Governour of Ormus that if he design'd not that honour for himself not to refuse it him Dom Manoel sent him two Ships more and some select Souldiery with them to go and secure the City whilst he was making greater Levies and after an honourable reception Counsel'd the King of Campar's Embassadour to ask a Fleet of the Governour of India who was one would not deny protection to the States friends especially against the Turks whose Warr was look't upon as the Inheritance of our Arms. 79. Dom Payo arriv'd at Adem where he was receiv'd with what affection and greatness they could shew to their own Prince and the City delivered him as Defender and Governour They planted our Colours for which all vow'd solemnly to Dye letting themselves Blood in their Breasts Barbarous but Loyal demonstrations and
the Altar on the Gospel-side is the Monument of Dom Iohn de Castro in which before 't was clos'd were laid his Bones with the following Epitaph D. JOANNES DE CASTRO XX. PRO RELIGIONE IN UTRAQUE MAURITANIA STIPENDIIS FACTIS NAVATA STRENUE OPERA THUNETANO BELLO MARI RUBRO FELICIBUS ARMIS PENETRATO DEBELLATIS INTER EUPHRATEM ET INDUM NATIONIBUS GEDROSICO REGE PER SIS TUR CIS UNO PRAELIO FUSIS SERVATO DIO IMO REIPUB REDDITO DORMIT IN MAGNUM DIEM NON SIBI SED DEO TRIUMPHATOR PUB LICIS LACHRIMIS COMPOSITUS PUBLICO SUMPTU PRAE PAUPER TATE FUNERATUS OBIIT VIII ID JUNII ANNO 1548. AETATIS 48. Under the Arch adjoyning to this rest the Bones of his Wife Dona Leonor Coutinho 108. On the Epistle-side of the Altar under an Arch over against that where is Castro's Monument rests his Son Dom Alvaro where his Bones were put in the same manner on him is writ this following Epitaph D. ALVARUS DE CASTRO MAGNI JOANNIS PRIMO-GENITUS CUI PENE AB INFANTIA DISCRIMINUM SOCIUS PUGNARUM PRAECURSOR TRIUMPHORUM CONSORS AEMULUS FORTITUDINIS HAERES VIRTUTUM NON OPUM REGUM PROSTATOR IN SINAI VERTIGE EQUES FELICITER INAUGURATUS A REGE SEBASTIANO SUMMIS REGNI AUCTUS HONORIBUS BIS ROMAE SEMEL CASTELLAE GALLIAE SABAUDIAE LEGATIONE PERFUNCTUS OBIIT IV. KALEND SEPTEMB ANNO 1575. AETATIS SUAE 50. In the next Arch to this lies his Wife Dona Anna de Attayde under the Body of the Chapel is made a Vault with six stone Arches in one of which is an Altar to celebrate Mass the rest have Repartments for the Bones and Bodies of the Dead 109. The Bishop Inquisitor General Founder of this Chapel gave for the maintenance of those Religious who are to perform the Duties of it to the Convent of Bemfica two hundred and forty thousand Reis yearly to be paid out of the Chamber of this City of Lisbone which are thus distributed One hundred and twenty thousand Reis for three Masses to be daily Celebrated fifty though given before for the Anniversaries he shall appoint in his Will forty for the Fabrick and providing the Chapel thirty for supplying the necessities of those Religious men who reside in the Novicâ—ate for the looking to and cleaning the Chapel which besides this he Adorn'd with many rich and devout Pieces and gave to the Sachristy all things necessary for Divine Worship as well Ornaments for Holy-days as Work-days Linning Candlesticks of all sizes Lamps and other such like necessaries all in aboundance and perfection 110. Dom Iohn de Castro as Illustrious for his Family as Virtues was Born in Lisbone the 27th of February of the year one thousand five hundred He was second Son to Dom Alvaro de Castro Governour of the House of Civil and to Dona Leonor de Noronha the Daughter of Dom Iohn de Almeyda second Earl of Abrantes Grand-child to Dom Garcia de Castro who was Brother to Dom Alvaro de Castro the first Earl of Monsanto these two were Sons to Dom Fernando de Castro Grand-children to Dom Pedro de Castro and great Grand-children to Dom Alvaro Pirez de Castro Earl of Arrayolos and first Constable of Portugal Brother to the Queen Dona Inez de Castro Wife to King Dom Pedro the Cruel This Constable was Son to Dom Pedro Fernandez de Castro call'd in Castile the Man of Warr who coming into this Kingdome begun here the Illustrious house of the Castros which hath preserv'd it self in so much greatness Dom Pedro by the Male line descended from the Infante Dom Fernando Son to King Dom Garcia of Navarre who Married Dona Maria Alvarez de Castro the only Daughter of the Earl Alvaro Fanhez Minaya the fifth Grand-child in descent from Lain Calvo from whom this Family derives its beginning Dom Iohn de Castro when very young Marry'd Dona Leonor Coutinho his Cousin-German once remov'd greater for her Quality then Portion with whom retiring to the Town of Almada he by an Antidated old Age avoided the ambition of the Court He went to serve at Tangiers where he gave the first but extraordinary proofs of his Courage though of his Actions there we have more from his Fame then our Knowledge He return'd to Court re-call'd by the King Dom Iohn the third and the Kingdome being too narrow for his Gallantry went to India with Dom Garcia de Noronha He accompany'd Dom Estevaon de Gama in his expedition to the Mouth of the Red-Sea and made a Journal of his Voyage a usefull and acceptable work to Sea-men On his return to Portugal he retir'd to his Country-house at Sintra recreating himself by Reading in his Solitudes and employments always Exemplary He put on his Sword again to follow the Eagles of Charls the Emperour in the Battail of Tunez where he rais'd his name with new Glory when this design was over hiding himself from his own Fame he again retir'd to Sintra knowing how to avoid not keep himself from employments The King Dom Iohn made him Admiral of the Navy of the Coast a Service where his Courage was answered by Success He went last of all to Govern India where by the Victories we have related he secur'd and brought into reputation the State When the designs of Warr spar'd him he in a large Card describ'd all the Coast betwixt Goa and Dio marking the Flats and Shelves the height of the Pole in which the Cities lye the depth of Water Anchoring and Creeks which form the Havens the Trade-winds and Nature of those Seas the force of the Currents the swiftness of Rivers disposing the Lines in different Tables all with so minute and exact Geography as only this Work might serve to make him Famous if he were not so eminently for his great Fortitude He look't the same in his streights at Home and prosperity in the East appearing always the same Man in diverse Fortunes his Ambition was to deserve all things and ask nothing He equally did reason and justice to all men unbyast in his Punishments but so Justifiable that the Complaints were more against the Law then Minister He was free to the Souldiers sparing to his Children shewing more civility in his Office then Nature He us'd with a great deal of Ceremony the Actions of his Predecessours honouring even those he put not in practice without prostituting his Civility he preserv'd his Respect He appear'd above the Great ones and Father of the Meanest such was his Life as by that more then by Punishments he reform'd extravagancies his first Zeal was always in God's cause then in the States he past no Virtue without Reward some Vices without Punishment amending not a few some by Favours others by Clemency The presents he receiv'd from the Prince of Asia he put to the King's Revenue a Virtue all prais'd few imitated the maimed Souldiers found him Sollicitous in their Cure and Compassionate of their Condition He oblig'd every one yet seem'd obnoxious to
Lima offers to continue in it Antonio Moniz takes some Ships The barbarous revenge of the King of Cambaya News from Ormus The description of Balsora 〈…〉 themselves in it Dom Manoel de Lima goes for Ormus And Dom Iohn Mascarenhas returns to his Command in Dio. What the Governour writes of him to his Son Dom Alvaro and to the King of every one He leavâ—s Dom Iorge on that Coast. Embarks for Goa Arrives and is visâ—â—ed at Sea A Triumph is decreed him The Fabrick of it History of India Dec. 6. Lib. 4. Cap. 6. The Governours entry They receive him under a Canopy The order of the Triumph * Dom Antonio de Sousa de Macedo now Secretary of State in Portugal in the third Chapter of the third Book of his Lusitania Liberata Printed at London 1645. saith The design of shaking of the King of Spain being Compleated by Killing the Secretary and Proclaming Iohn the Fourth Duke of Braganza at that time at his House in the Country the Nobility in the King's absence desir'd the Arch-bishop of Lisbone to Govern the City who going in solemn Procession to the Palace as he past by Saint Anthonies Church and was praying to the Saint to intercede for the good of the Kingdome and his Native Conntry the Arm of a rich Crucifix which was carry'd before him Miraculously unnail'd and held it self forth to the people who receiv'd the Miracle with acclamations crying out God stretcheth out the hand of his power to free the Portuguese and decide their cause against the Castillian who had said he only desir'd God should be Judge This is the Miracle hinted at by the Author and compar'd to the Crucifixes having an Arm unnail'd in the Battail as was related in the 22. Parag. of this Book Franciscan Friars go for Ceilan History of India Dec. 6. Lib. 4. Cap. 7. They preach the Faith in Candea and the King hearkens to it He is inconstant He Friars encourage him His resolution The Governour desires that Conversion and sends to him Antonio Moniz The Situation and Fortifying of Baroche Madre Maluco Lord of it Dom Iorge enters by Night Maluco comes too late The King of Coâ—ta against the King of Candea's Conversion History of India Dec. 6. Lib. 4. Cap. 8. The King of Candea consents Antonio Moniz Voyage He comes to Candea and finds all things altered He endeavours to resist Is set upon by the Enemy The difficulty he was in His prudence in moderating his men His courage in Fighting His retreat The King of Candea repents Sends a Messenger Antonio Moniz defir'd to return His men are against it He goes to his Fleet. Hidalcaon sends Souldiers upon the Continent History of India Dec. 6. Lib. 4. Cap. 9. They retire for fear of ourâ— Iohn de Barro ' s History of India Dec. 6. Lib. 1. Cap. 8. The king Aeyro sent Prisoner to Goa Absolv'd by the Governour Is brought to Ternate * A sign of Admiration amongst them Dâ—verse Kings conspire against Malaca How the Commander behaves himself The King of Achem Lands and immediately retires The Fleet goes out to find him The Commander hears News of him and resolves to follow him The Souldiers mutiny Diogo Soarez quels ' em They see and set on the Enemy Diogo Soarez takes the Admiral The Embâ—ssage of the Confederates The Governour of Mâ—laca's answer News wanâ—s from the Fleet. The people complain Franciscus Xaverius quells ' em Fore-tells the Victory and the manner of it Hidalcaon's perplexity He sends Forces on the main Land Dom Diogâ— de Almeyd goes out to him The Governour orders him to retire and debaits the Warr in Council 'T is deferr'd till an other time He exerciseth Warr in Peace He countenanceth the Souldiers Receives advice from Dio. He communicates it to the Senate and desires â—heir help They offer him their Estates and the Women their Jewels He adviseth Chaul and Bacaim Ships arrive from the Kingdome The orders they brought * Rumes are Natives of that part about Constantinople call'd Romania which the Turks now call Rumeli from the priviledge granted by Pope Sylvester to Constantine the Great upon his removing the seat of the Empire to call Constantinople Rome Warr resolv'd against Hidalcaon The order of his men Embassadours from Canara come to the Governour He hears and dispaâ—cheth the Embassadours Hidalcaon retires his men The Governour follows them Dom Alvaro Fights in the Vanguard The Moors fly The Governour commands his men to follow They retire to the Mountain He returns to Goa Goes again to Dio. Arrives at Bacaim Sends Dom Alvaro to Surat Dom Alvaro sends Dom Iorge before and two other Captains Their success They return to Dom Alvaro What the Governour did at Bacaim History of India Dec. 6. Lib. 5. Cap. 7. He goes to joyn his Son Makes a Speech to his men The Gentlemens and Officers answer He stays three hours in the Field and goes on Board The hurt he doth Arrives at Dio. Dom Iohn Mascarenhas resigns the Government of the place The Governour gives it to Lewis Falcaon Sets Sail the mischieâ— he doth His compassion He goes to Bacaim is sensible of the not taking Surat puts the King in mind of those who had serv'd him Hidalcaon renews the Warr. The Commander at Goa desires to go against him The City hinders him Adviseth the Governour He immediately goes on Board Goes in sight of Dabul Dom Alvaro gets on Shore The Governour follows him and takes the City Arrives at Agacaim He falls on the Enemy They fly Dom Alvaro follows ' em They turn Dom Diogo kills the General The Governour Fights got the Victory On Saint Thomas's day and by his mediation He dispatcheth Ships for the Kingdome Mascarenhas's praises The Governour carries on the Warr. What hurt he doth He destroys upper Dabul and the Campagnia Goes to Bacaim Spoils Cambaya A Character of Rax Solimon See Barro's History of India Dec. 5. Lib. 4. His coming to Adem Beheads the King The situation of Adam Soliman seiseth it The Inhabitants offer it to the King of Campar The King 〈◊〉 it and what he doth History oâ— India Dec. 6. Lib. 6. Cap. 1. What the Turks do They 〈◊〉 Recruited The Inhabitants send â—o Ormus The Messenger meets with Payo de Noronha Dom Payo arrives at Adem 〈◊〉 himself 〈◊〉 The Inhabitants send to Goa The Governour rejoyceth Sends his Son With what Fleet. An other Embassage from Caxem The Goveâ—nour's answer 〈…〉 〈…〉 Lay Siege Dom Payo calls off our men What the Arabs do Attayde's success Alvaro's Voyage He calls a Council and what he resolves Goes to Xael Resolveâ— to Scale it The Arabs 〈◊〉 till thâ—y all Dye The place is gâ—in'd Lourenco Pirez arriveâ— at Lisâ—one History of India Dec. 6. Lib. 6. Cap. 7. Rejoycing foâ— the news of Dio. What the Governour asks for the good News * The Mountain of good News The King'â— thanks to him History oâ— India Dec 6. Lib. 6. Cap. 8. The King sends six Ships for India One comeâ— to Goa The Vice-King falls Sick Quits the Government He speaks to the Council The Oath he takes He reâ—â—res with the Father Xaverius His Death His Bâ—riâ—l and the grief at it His Bones come to the Kingdome Are Deposited in Saint Dominicks in Lisbone Translated to Bemfica Where they now are * The Portuguese keep their accounts in the least Money they have which are Reis whereof 400. made a Crusade which is worth 3 s. 6 d. Castro'â— Family Iohn de Barro ' s Hist. of India Dec. 6. Lib. 1. Pag. 4. His Children The praise of Dom Alvaro de Castro
who with the standing Militia were according to their computation sufficient for their Defence 63. These came with their Colours flying and with so much resolution to hinder our men from Landing as for a good while they retarded us obliging us to Fight at a stand and so close as our Souldiers could not make use of their Musquets whose first charge only they receiv'd with notorious resolution Here Dom Alvaro notably shew'd his Valour and Conduct encouraging his men to Fight sometimes by Speeches sometimes by the Example of his own Actions Ours at last saw themselves so streightned as they fought more for Life then Victory The success for an hour hung doubtfull till a great many of the Inhabitants wounded with their own fear and our Swords quitted the Field shewing in the first encounter Valour above Men in the second below Women a thing very ordinary in raw Souldiers where the greatest fear follows the greatest daring the rest by this example were getting off in fear and disorder here the Moors receiv'd great loss falling with little or no Resistance those who drop't too were so many as they hindred the rest from Flying 64. Ours entred the City mingled with the Moors where the poor men stop't o'recome with the fondness and tears of Wives and Children who then with useless compassion bore 'em company rather Witnesses then Defenders of their Lives some there were who embracing their Husbands let themselves be run through with our Lances inventing fresh sadness by a new remedy Of our Souldiers some Robb'd 'em some Defended 'em some following the disposition of the Season others of their Nature Out of desperate Love some of those Women ran amongst our arm'd Squadrons to seek their Dead seeming not to valew their Lives full of tenderness for others Wounds without any for their own at last we gain'd the City with less loss then danger because resolving to enter under the Enemies Canon Dom Alvaro was more lead on by Courage then Discipline the greater part of the Moors was Destroy'd some in the Fight most in the Flight the VVomen shew'd more Courage then their Husbands These lost their Lives they could not defend the others despis'd theirs they might have sav'd of ours there Dy'd twenty two the VVounded were more of whose number was the General hurt by an Arrow 'T was necessary to end one Cruelty to begin an other their Anger ceast and their Covetousness began Dom Alvaro gave order to Plunder the City where the Booty was as great as the Victory because either out of Confidence or Carelesness the Moors had sav'd nothing and kept in the City those who were useless for the Defence of it out of contempt of our Forces or not to dishearten their own In fine the Prize was so great that it could not all be carry'd aboard the Souldiers took the best leaving the rest as Fuel for that Fire which was to Consume the City by Dom Alvaro given up to the merciless Flames which did not a little strike the Neighbouring Colonies that place being the Richest and most Tenable of all the Coast once as it were the Bulwark of the rest now their Lamentable example 65. The General with all the Fleet weigh'd Anchor and steer'd for Goa to unlade the Ships put out of their trim by too great a Burden resolving to leave there the Sick and VVounded and return to carry on the VVarr which the Souldiers content with the Liberality and Fortune of their new General very much desir'd The news arriv'd at Goa before the Ships the Governour very much valued the Victory the people the Plunder not long after came intelligence that those who had scap'd the Rout had been to acquaint Hidalcaon with the lamentable Destruction of their City who while they vented their first grief for their Children and Kindred could not keep in the second calamity of their Goods and Houses where the devouring Fire had so mingled the Ashes they could not with peculiar tears weep over their Dead they told Hidalcaon that if he resolv'd to continue the Warr with such a people they would go and Inhabit the Deserts where they should be out of sight of those Western Beasts Born for the reproach and ruine of Asia they told and curs'd our Victories one after the other which look't bigger in their Fears then our Books 66. Hidalcaon considering the fortune of our Arms the complaints and calamities of the Inhabitants and many disaffected to his Service whom the Warr and those Successes would more embolden was inclinable to Peace thereby to remedy the Dissentions and Seditions at home which might grow stronger by the liberty of men in Arms and communicating to his Councel the present condition of things all were of opinion they ought by a feignd peace to cloak their grievances expecting till time offered 'em a fairer opportunity to set upon the State joyning their Forces with other Kings who were offended And the Moors fighting more for their conveniency then quarrel Hidalcaon sent Embassadours to the Governour frivolously excusing the Warr he made and minding him of the benefit the State might receive by his Friendship 67. The Governour in publick and in great State gave audience to the Embassadours answering them that as he sought not for Warr so he could not deny it that the felicity of the State consisted in having many Enemies because with Spoils and Victories it grew always greater but that he never deny'd Peace to any one who by his Actions and faithfull Friendship deserv'd it that he would deprive his Souldiers of the conveniences they look't for from that Warr but Hidalcaon must know the first day he was to pass for a King was that in which he treated Peace with the Portuguese Thus did he dispatch the Embassadours aw'd with so great a Courage with the same neglect did he always manage the Warrs in the East in which his Valour was equal to his Fortune 68. He presently betook himself to the dispatching particular business rewarding the Souldiers who had serv'd him whom he parted with as well satisfy'd with the rewards he gave them as his acceptance of their Service He put Commanders into the void Forts which were unprovided by the King making so just an estimate of Deserts that he was Debtor neither to conveniency or the State a virtue hardly arriv'd at by Princes and very rare in their Ministers 69. He was not less fir'd with zeal for the honour of God then for that of the State in the confusion of Warr and the noise of Arms applying himself to matters of Religion as if he had been only sent to stickle for them And the King Dom Iohn knowing his Piety as well as his Valour commended to him the propagation of the Faith and Divine worship Out of a Letter which on this Subject the King writ him is well gathered how both King and Minister were inflam'd in God's cause of which we will