Sunne did but begin to cheere the earth and to behold his Mistres with an amorous aspect when the Sagamos Membertou after our praiers solemnely made to God and the break-fast distributed to the people according to the custom came to giue vs aduertisment that he had seene a saile vpon the lake which came towards our Fort. At this ioyfull newes euery one went out to see but yet none was found that had so good a sight as he though he be aboue 100. yeeres old neuerthelesse we spied very soone what it was Monsieur De Poutrincourt caused in all diligence the small Barke to be made ready for to goe to view further Monsieur De Champ-dorè and Daniel Hay went in her and by the signe that had beene told them being certaine that they were friends they made presently to be charged foure Canons 12. fawkonnets to salute them that came so far to see vs. They on their part did not faile in beginning the ioy to discharge their peeces to whom they rendered the like with vsury It was onely a small barke vnder the charge of a yong man of Saint Maloes named Cheualier who being arriued at the Fort deliuered his letters to Monsieur De Poutrincourt which were read publikely They did write vnto him that for to helpe to saue the charges of the voyage the ship being yet the Ionas should stay at Campseau Port there to fish for Coddes by reason that the Merchants associate with Monsieur De Monts knew not that there was any fishing farther than that place Notwithstanding if it were necessary he should cause the ship to come to Port Royall Moreouer that the society was broken because that contrary to the King his Edict the Hollanders conducted by a traiterous Frenchman called La Ieunesse had the yeare before taken vp the Beuers and other Furres of the great riuer of Canada a thing which did turne to the great dammage of the Societie which for that cause could no longer furnish the charges of the vnhabiting in these parts as it had done in times past And therefore did send no body for to remaine there after vs. As we receaued ioy to see our assured succour we felt also great griefe to see so faire and so holy an enterprise broken That so many labours and perils past should serue to no effect and that the hope of planting the name of God and the Catholike faith should vanish away Notwithstanding after that Monsieur De Poutrincourt had a long while mused heereupon he said that although he should haue no body to come with him but onely his family he would not forsake the enterprise It was great griefe vnto vs to abandon without hope of returne a land that had produced vnto vs so faire Corne and so many faire adorned gardens All that could be done vntill that time was to finde out a place fit to make a setled dwelling and a land of good fertility And that being done it was great want of courage to giue ouer the enterprise for another yeare being passed the necessity of maintaining an habitation there should be taken away for the land was sufficient to yeeld things necessary for life This was the cause of that griefe which pierced the hearts of them which were desirous to see the Christian Religion established in that country But on the contrary Monsieur De Monts and his associates reaping no benefit but losse and hauing no helpe from the King it was a thing which they could not doe but with much difficulty to maintaine an habitation in those parts Now this enuy for the trade of Beuers with the Sauages found not onely place in the Hollanders hearts but also in French Merchants in such sort that the priuiledge which had beene giuen to the said Monsieur De Monts for ten yeares was reuoked The vnsatiable auarice of men is a strange thing which haue no regard to that which is honest so that they may rifle and catch by what meanes soeuer And thereupon I will say moreouer that there haue beene some of them that came to that country to fetch vs home that wickedly haue presumed so much as to strip the dead and steale away the Beuers which those poore people doe put for their last benefit vpon them whom they bury as we will declare more at large in the booke following A thing that maketh the French name to be odious worthy disdain among them which haue no such sordide quality at all but rather hauing a heart truly noble and generous hauing nothing in priuate to themselues but rather all things common and which ordinarily doe present gifts and that very liberally according to their ability to them whom they loue and honor And besides this mischiefe it came to passe that the Sauages when that we were at Campseau killed him that had shewed them the Sepulchers of their dead I need not to alleage heere what Herodote reciteth of the vile basenesse of King Darius who thinking to haue caught the old one in the nest as saith the prouerbe that is to say great treasures in the Tombe of Semiramis Queene of the Babylonians went away altogether confounded as wise as he came thither hauing found in it a writing altogether contrary to the first hee had read which rebuked him very sharply for his auarice and wickednesse Let vs returne to our sorowfull newes and to the griefe thereof Monsieur De Poutrincourt hauing propounded to some of our company whether they would tarry there for a yeare eight good fellows offered themselues who were promised that euery one of them should haue a hogshead of wine and corne sufficiently for one yeare but they demanded so great wages that they could not agree So resolution was taken for the returne Towards the euening wee made bonfires for the natiuity of my Lord the Duke of Orleans and began afresh to make our Canons and falconets to thunder out accompanied with store of Musket shots hauing before sung for that purpose Te Deum Laudamus The said Cheualier bringer of the newes had borne the office of Captaine in the Ship that remained at Campseau in this condition there was giuen to him for to bring vnto vs six Weathers 24. Hens a pound of Peper 20. pounds of Rice as many of Raisens and of Prunes a thousand of Almonds a pound of Nutmegs a quarter of Cinamon two pounds of Maces halfe a pound of Cloues two pounds of Citron rindes two dozen of Citrons as many Orenges a Westphalia gamon of Bacon and six other gamons a hogshead of Gascoine wine and as much of Sacke a hogshead of poudred Beefe foure pottles and a halfe of oile of Oliue a Iar of Oliues a barrell of Vinegar and two Sugar-loaues but all that was lost through Gutter-lane and we saw none of all these things to make account of Neuerthelesse I haue thought good to name heere these wares
finde out the ship at Campseau which is a Port being betweene seuen or eight Ilands where ships may be sheltered from windes and there is a Bay of aboue 15. leagues depth and 6. or 7. leagues broad The said place being distant from Port Royall aboue 150. leagues We had a great Barke two small ones and a shaloup In one of the small Barkes some men were shipped that were sent before And the 30. of Iuly the other two went away I was in the great one conducted by Monsieur De Champ-dorè But Monsieur De Poutrincourt desirous to see an end of our sowed corne tarried till it was ripe and remained there eleuen daies yet after vs. In the meane time our first iourny hauing beene the passage of Port Royall the next day mistes came and spread themselues vpon the sea which continued with vs eight whole daies during which all we could doe was to get to Cap De Sable which we saw not In these Cimmerian darknesses hauing one day cast anker in the sea by reason of the night our anker driued in such sort that in the morning the tide had carried vs among Ilands and I maruell that we were not cast away striking against some rocks But for victuals we wanted for no fish for in halfe an houres fishing we might take Codde enough for to feed vs a fortnight and of the fairest and fattest that euer I saw being of the colour of Carpes which I haue neuer knowen nor noted but in this part of the said Cap De Sable which after we had passed the tide which is swift in this place brought vs in short time as farre as to the Port De La Heue thinking that we were no further than the Port Du Mouton There we taried two daies and in the very same Port we saw the Coddes bite at the hooke We found there store of red Gooseberies and a Marcassite of Copper Mine we also made there some trucking with the Sauages for skinnes From thence forward we had winde at will and during that time it happened once that being vpō the hatches I cried out to our Pilote Monsieur De Champdore that we were ready to strike thinking I had seene the bottome of the sea but I was deceiued by the Raine-bow which did appeare with all his colours in the water procured by the shadow that our boarespright saile did make ouer the same being opposite to the Sunne which asembling his beames within the hollownesse of the same saile as it doth within the clouds those beames were forced to make a reuerberation in the water and to shew foorth this wonder In the end we arriued within foure leagues of Campseau at a Port where a good old man of Saint Iohn De Lus called Captaine Saualet receiued vs with all the kindnesse in the world And for as much as this Port which is little but very faire hath no name I haue qualified it in my Geographicall Map with the name of Saualet This good honest man told vs that the same voyage was the 42. voyage that he had made into those parts and neuerthelesse the New-found-land-men do make but one in a yeare He was maruellously pleased with his fishing and told vs moreouer that he tooke euery day fifty Crownes worth of fish and that his voyage would be woorth 1000. pounds He paied wages to 16 men and his vessell was of 80. tunnes which could carry 100000. dry fishes He was sometimes vexed with the Sauages that did cabine there who too boldly and impudently went into his ship and carried away from him what they listed And for to auoid their troublesome behauiour he threatned them that we would come thither and that we would put them all to the edge of the sword if they did him wrong This did feare them they did him not so much harme as otherwise they would haue done Notwithstanding whensoeuer the Fishermen came with their shaloups full of fish they did chuse what seemed good vnto them and they did not care for Codde but rather tooke Merlus or Whitings Barses or fletans a kind of very great Turbots which might be worth heere in Paris aboue foure crownes apeece and paraduenture six or more for it is a maruellous good meat specially when they be great and of the thicknesse of six fingers as are those that be taken there And it would haue beene very hard to bridle their insolency because that for to doe it one should be forced to haue alwaies weapons in hand and so the worke should be left vndone The good nature and honesty of this man was extended not onely to vs but also to all our people that passed by his Port for it was the passage to goe and come from Port Royall But there were some of them that came to fetch vs home who did worse than the Sauages vsing him as the Souldier doth the poore peasan or country Farmer heere a thing which was very grieuous for me to heare We were 4. daies there by reason of the contrary wind Then came we to Campseau where we taried for the other Barke which came two daies after vs. And as for Monsieur De Poutrincourt as soone as he saw that the corne might be reaped he pulled vp some Rie root and all for to shew heare the beauty goodnesse and vnmeasurable height of the same He also made gleanes of the other sorts of seedes as Wheat Barly Oates Hemp and others for the same purpose which was not done by them that haue heeretofore beene in Brasill and in Florida Wherein I haue cause to reioyce because I was of the company and of the first tillers of that land And heerein I pleased my selfe the more when I did set before mine eies our ancient father Noah a great King great Priest and great Prophet whose occupation was to husband the ground both in sowing of Corne and planting the Vine And the ancient Romane Captaine Seranus who was found sowing of his field when that he was sent for to conduct the Romane Armie And Quintus Cincinatus who all dusty did plough foure akers of lands bare headed and open stomackt when the Senats Harold brought letters of the Dictatorship vnto him in sort that this messenger was forced to pray him to couer himselfe before he declared his Embassage vnto him Delighting my selfe in this exercise God hath blessed my poore labour and I haue had in my garden as faire wheat as any can be in France whereof the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt gaue vnto mee a gleane when he came to the said Port De Campseau He was ready to depart from Port Royall when Membertou and his company arriued victorious ouer the Armouchiquois And because I haue made a description of this war in French Verses I will not heere trouble my paper with it being desirous rather to be briefe than to seeke out new matter At the instant of the said
seeing that the nature of the soile and of the woods is all one In September after that this vermine is gone away there grow other flies like vnto ours but they are not troublesome and become very bigge Now our Sauages to saue themselues from the stinging of these creatures rubbe themselues with certaine greases and oiles as I haue said which make them foule and of a tawnish colour Besides that alwaies they lie on the ground or be exposed to the heat and the wind But there is cause of wondering wherefore the Brasilians and other inhabitants of America betweene the two Tropikes are not borne blacke as they of Africa seeing that it seemeth it is the selfesame case being vnder one and the selfesame parallell and like eleuation of the Sunne If the Poets fables were sufficient reasons for to take away this scruple one might say that Phaeton hauing done the foolish deed in conducting the Charet of the Sunne onely Africa was burned and the horses set againe in their right course before they came to the New world But I had rather say that the heat of Lybia being the cause of this blacknesse of men is ingendred from the great lands ouer which the Sunne passeth before it come thither from whence the heat is still carried more abundantly by the swift motion of this great Heauenly torch Whereunto the great sands of that Prouince doe also helpe which are very capable of those heates specially not being watered with store of riuers as America is which aboundeth in riuers and brookes as much as any Prouince in the World which doe giue perpetuall refreshing vnto it and makes the region much more temperate the ground being also there more fat and retaining better the dewes of Heauen which are there abundantly and raines also for the reasons abuesaid For the Sunne finding in the meeting of these lands those great moistnesses he doth not faile to draw a good quantitie of them and that so much the more plentifully that his force is there great and maruellous which makes there continuall raines especially to them that haue him for their zenith I adde one great reason that the Sunne leauing the lands of Africa giueth his beames vpon a moist element by so long a course that he hath good meanes to sucke vp vapors and to draw together with him great quantitie thereof into those parts which maketh that the cause is much differing of the colour of these two people and of the temperature of their lands Let vs come to other circumstances and seeing that we are about colours I will say that all they which I haue seene haue blacke haires some excepted which haue abram colour haires but of flaxen colour I haue seene none and lesse of red and one must not thinke that they which are more Southerly be otherwise for the Floridians and Brasilians are yet blacker than the Sauages of New found land The beard of the chinne which our Sauages call migidoni is with them as blacke as their haires They all take away the producing cause thereof except the Sagamos who for the most part haue but a little Membertou hath more than all the others and notwithstanding it is not thicke as it is commonly with Frenchmen If these people weare no beards on their chinne at the least the most part there is no cause of maruelling For the ancient Romans themselues esteeming that that was a hinderance vnto them did weare none vntill the time of Adrian the Emperour who first began to weare a beard Which they tooke for such an honour that a man accused of any crime had not that priuiledge to shaue his haires as may be gathered by the testimonie of Aulus Gellius speaking of Scipio the sonne of Paul As for the inferiour parts our Sauages doe not hinder the growing or increasing of haires there It is said that the women haue some there also And according as they be curious some of our men haue made them beleeue that the French women haue beards on their chinnes and haue left them in that good opinion so that they were very desirious to see some of them their maner of clothing By these particularities one may vnderstand that all these people haue generally lesser haires than we for along the body they haue none at all so farre is it then that they be hairie as some thinke This belongeth to the inhabitants of the Iles Gorgades from whence Hanno the Carthaginien captaine brought two womens skinnes which he did set vp in the temple of Iuno for great singularitie But heere is to bee noted what we haue said that our sauage people haue almost all their haires blacke for the Frenchmen in one and the selfesame degree are not commonly so The ancient authors Polybius Caesar Strabo Diadore the Cicilian and particularly Ammian Marcellin doe say that the ancient Gaullois had almost all their haires as yellow as gold were of high stature and fearefull for their gastly lookes besides quarelsome and readie to strike a fearefull voice neuer speaking but in threatning At this time those qualities are well changed For there are not now so many yellow haires nor so many men of high stature but that other nations haue as tall As for the fearefull lookes the delicacies of this time haue moderated that and as for the threatning voice I haue scarse seene in all the Gaules but the Gascons and them of Languedoc which haue their maner of speech some what rude which they retaine of the Gotish and of the Spaniard by their neighbourhood But as for the haires it is very farre from being so commonly blacke The same author Ammian saith also that the women of the Gaules whom he noted to be good shrewes and to bee too hard for their husbands when they are in choler haue blue eies and consequently the men and notwithstanding in that respect wee are much mingled which maketh that one knoweth not what rarenesse to chuse for the beautie of eies For many doe loue the blue eies and others loue them greene which were also in ancient time most praised For among the Sonnets of Monsieur de Couci who was in old time so great a clerke in loue matters that songs were made of it greene eies are praised The Germans haue kept better than we the qualities which Tacitus giueth them likewise that which Ammian reciteth of the Gaullois In so great a number of men saith Tacitus there is but one fashion of garments They haue blue eies and fearefull their haires shining as gold and are very corpulent Pliny giueth the same bodily qualities to the people of the Taprobane saying that they haue redde haires their eies blue and the voice horrible and fearefull Wherein I know not if I ought to beleeue him considering the climate which is in the 8 9. and 10. degrees onely and that in the kingdome of Calecute farther off than the Aequinoctial line the men are blacke But as for
winde and weather aâ—omming Seasons Galen Com. 35. lib. 1. de nat hum Bad foode and discommodities of the Sea Disposition of bodie Sagamos is a Sauage word which Signifieth a Lord a ruler or a Captaine The author his exercise in New France The labour of the minde The pietie of the Author of this Historie Amos. 5. verse 10. Of Children Of aged folkes Aduice for the sicknesses of New France Good Wine Hearbs in the spring time Stooues Stooues in gardens The countrie of the Armouchiquois 100. leagues distant from Port Royall The Sweatings of the Sauages Ecclesi 3. verse 12. and 22. Meanes of mirth Necessitie of hauing women into the country Tree of life Sasafras Monsieur Champlein is now this present yeare 1609. in Canada Monsieur De Monts his voiage for the discouery of new Lands Kinibeki 60. legues from Saint Croix Plin lib. 3. cap. 1. Fabulous tales of the riuer Norombega Pemtegoet Oiection Answer An other Fabulous report of the Riuer of Norombega Note this well The great Bancke of Newfoundland Banquereau banc Iacquet Kinibeks The bay of Marchin 1607. Chouakoet The ground manured Vines Malebarre The Armouchiquois traitours and theefes Shoulds stretching farre into the sea Violent death of a Frenchman of Saint Mallos The swiftnes of the Armouchiquois 1606. Monsieur DeMonts difficultie in his enterprise The mortalitie of the English in Virginia like that of the Frensh in New France Virginia is in 36. 37. 38. degrees of latitude Praise of the temper of Virginia Bad fare the chiefe cause of the sicknes Things needfull The second voyage made by Monsieur Du Pont-Grauè The arriuall of Monsieur Du Pont. 1605. Transmigration from S. Croix to Port Royal. New buildings The returne of Monsieur de Monts into France Traffike with the Sauages Beuers Otters and Stagges Tabaguia is a Sauage tearme signifying banket Hand Mils Exod. 11. ver 4. 5. The number of the dead Fault in their buildings The furniture of Monsieur Du Pont to go to the discouery of new lands The wracke of their Bark Causes of delay in establishing the dwelling place of the French men The comparing of these later voiages The blame of them who at this day despise the manuring of the ground Gods punishments The third voiage made by Monsieur de Poutrincourt Monsieur De Poutrincourt accepteth the voiage of New France The causes of the Authors voiage Psal 5. 4. The parting from Paris The praises of Rochell Croquans Signifying hookes why so called Negligence in the keeping of the Ionas Hyred workmen negligent The courage of Monsieur De Monts and his associates The frontiers ought to be furnished with good Souldiers The Ministers doe pray for the conuersion of the Sauages Math. 18. vers 12. 132. Custome of the ancient Christians carying the Eucharist in their voyages Saint Ambrose in his funerall oration for his brother Hardnesse to come foorth from a Port. Bad suspition of Captaine Foulques The diligence and care of Monss-De Poutrincourts * A place so called neere Rochell 13. of May. 1606. Meetings of ships Meeting of a Pirate or outlawed Neptunes sheepe Why is the sea stormie about the Açores Westerly windes ordinary in the Westerne Sea from whence the windes doe come Psal 135. Porpeses doe prognosticate storms The way to take them The description of the Porpese The Porpeses hot bloud doth comfort the sinewes A Beauers taile is dainty meate Stormes and their effects Calmes wearisome Whirlewinde what it is how it is made the effects thereof Plin. lib. 2. cap. 48. The maruellous assurance of the good Mariners in their sea-labours The boldnes of a Switzer at Laon. The 18. of Iune A ship An other ship The vailing of Marchands ships to a ship Royall Computatiof the voyage Sea water milke warme then colde Great cold The reason of this Antiperistase and the cause of the Ices of New-found-lande In the 16. chapter Second experience Warnings neere the great Bancke Birds called by Frenchmen Godes Fouquets Happefoies What the sound is and how it is cast The arriuall to the fish Bancke Of the word Bancke and description of the fishing Bancke The fishing of Cod. Happe-foyes Why so called Sea-dogges skinnes Excellent sawsiges made with the inwards of Codd Men saued vpon a banck of Ice The weather in those seas contrary then in ours The causes of mists on the West sea A small bancke A Mariner fallen by night in the sea Land markes The discouery of S. Peters Ilands Plain discovery of the Land Cap. Breton The Bay of Campseau Eight daies Gods fauour in danger Calme weather Maruellous odours cumming from the land The boording of two shalopes The Sauages goodly men Matachiaz be carkanets necklaces bracelets and wrought girdles During the mists at sea it is faire wether on land A discommoditie brings a commodity The care of the sauages for their wiues The departing of some of our company going aland The Sauages doe trauell much way in small time Mistes Calmes The perill of many Mariners Drunkennesse causeth diuers perils Port du Rossignoll Port au Mouton What growes in the land at Port au Monton Le Cap de Sable Long Iland The Bay S. Mary The arriuing to Port Royall Difficulties in comming in The beauty of the Port. Sagamos signifieth Captain Praises of the two Frenchmen left alone in the fort of Port-Royall The tilling of the ground The meeting with Monsieur Du Pont. Ioseph Acosta lib. 4. ca. 30. Land like to that which God promised to his people Deut 8. vers 7. 8. Deuter. 11. vers 10. Heereupon the 3. chap. A bundance of brookes Iron stones Mountaines of Brasse Lakes and brooks vpon the mountaines The forme of a Raine bow vnder a caue They trauell three leagues in the woods Country well watered Coniecture vpon the spring of the great Riuer of Canada Which is the first mine Sowing of corne 20 Of August Cause of the voyage made into the country of the Armou thiquois A whale in Port Royall Parting from Port Royall Faire Rie found at S. Croix Their meaning is to plant beyond Malebarre to the Southward A ditch profitably made What store of workemen and labourers in New France Their exercise and maner of life Mussels Lapsters Crabs Good prouision of wilde-fowle What quantity of bread and wine Preseruatiue against the sicknesse of New France A cleare and pure aire Allowance * A kinde of stagge or red Deere The liberall naâ—ure of the Sauages Châ—rcoale made in New France What earth is in the medowes Ellans in the Medowes Pemptegoet Kinibeki The bay of Marchin Confederacy The riuer of Olmechin Port De Choüakoet An Iland of vines The riuer of Olmechin The galantnesse of the Sauages Port de la Heve The Sauages doe paint their faces The Oration of Messamoet Messamoets affection to the French men The largesse and liberality of Messamoets The Sauages be liberall A Corne country beanes pumpions and grapes Bessabes Englishmen Asticou A very good Port. The agility of the Armouchiquois Happy people if
Bucklers fishing lines Rackets the Sauages Canowes or boates and their fashion Canowes made of willowes of paper of leather of hollowed trees the originall of the fables of the Syrens or Mermaidens long trauels through the woods pottery of Earth the tillage of the ground the ancient Germans had no lands proper or peculiar to them the Sauages are not laborious how they manure the land double sowing and double Haruest How they liue in Winter the Sauages townes of the originall of townes the first builders in the Gaulles of the word Magus Philosophy hath beene first found out by the Barbarians the plaies and games of the Sauages CHAP. XVIII The womens exercices the woman is called pierced or hollowed the women are saued in bringing foorth of Children of purification the hard condition of the women among the Sauages ges of mattes currying and dressing of leather their making of Baskets Purses Dies Dishes Matachiaz Canowes the loue of the Sauage women towards their husbands their chastity A faire obseruation vpon the Hebrew names of the man and of the woman CHAP. XIX Of Ciuilitie the first Ciuilitie is the obedience to God and to the parents the Sauages be Slouenly at their Banquets for want of linnen the repast of the ancient Gaullois and Germains of the arriuing of the Sauages into any place their Greetings likewise of the Greekes Romans and Hebrewes of the saluting in Sneezing Item in the beginning of Letters of the Farewell the Sauages reuerence to their Fathers and Mothers Curse to him which honoreth not his Father and his mother CHAP. XX. Of the Vertues and Vices of the Sauages the Principles of Vertue are invs euen from our birth of force and greatnesse of courage the ancient Gaullois were without feare the Sauages are reuengefull wherin temperance consisteth whether the Sauages are indued therewith wherein Liberalitie consisteth the Sauages Liberality they disdaine the couetous pelting Merchants their Magnificence Hospitality Piety towards their Fathers and Mothers of their Iustice the execution of Iustice the incredible euasion of two Sauages prisoners wherein the Sauages be diligent and slothfull CHAP. XXI Of Hunting the originall thereof to whom it belongeth to what end Kings are chosen hunting the image of War the first end thereof the interpretation of one verse of the 32. Psalme all Sauages doe hunt when and how the discription of the hunting of the Ellan or Stagge the Sauages hounds the Sauages haue Rackets at theirfeet when they hunt their continuance in hunting faire inuention of them for the Kitching their womens duty after the hunting the fishing or hunting of the Beuer the discription of the same her admirable building how she is taken from whence anciently the Beuers did come Of Beares Leopards the discription of the beast called Nibachés Wolues Conies c. the Cattell of France do profit well in New France Maruellous multiplicatin of Beasts of the beasts of Florida and of Brasill the Sauages are truely noble CHAP. XXII Of Hauking the Muses doe delight in hunting hawking is a noble exercise How the Sauages take their fowle Ilands swarming with birds the foules of Port Royall Of a bird called Niridau of glistering flies Turky or Indian Cocks the foules of Florida and of Brasill CHAP. XXIII Of Fishing a comparison betweene Hunting Hauking and Fishing an Emperour delighting himselfe in Fishing Plato his absurdity Fishing permitted to Churchmen the feeding vpon fish is the best and wholesomest food euery Fish dreads the Winter and withdraweth himselfe they returne in the Spring time a manna of Smelts Heerings Pilchers Sturgeons and Salmons the maner of taking of them by the Sauages the abuse superstition of Pythagoras the Sanctorum of New found land fishermen of the shell Fish of Port Royall the fishing of the Codde whether Cods doe sleepe the cause why fishes sleepe not fishes hauing stones in their heads as the Codde doe feare Winter Oile or traine of fish the fishing of the Whale wherein the hardinesse and bouldnesse of the Sauages is to be admired Hippopotames the infinite multitude of Mackerels the Idlenesse of the people of this day CHAP. XXIIII Of the Land which is the good ground Terra Sigillata is in New France the fructifying of Monsieur de Poutrincourts Sowings which is the good Dung of Turkie or Indian Wheat called Mahis how the Sauages doe mend their grounds how they Sowe the temperature of the Aire doth serue to production Barnes vnder ground the cause of the slothfuluesse of the Sauages of the hither lands neere vnto vs Hempe of Vines when they were first planted in Galia of Trees Tabacco and the maner and vse of it the foolish greedinesse after Tabacco the Vertues thereof the error of Belle-forest of the rootes called Afrodiles or ground Nuts a consideration vpon the miserie of many people the tilling of the ground is a most innocent exercise Gloria adorea of the Fruit trees and others of Port Royall of Florida and of Brasill the despising of Mines Fruits to be hoped in new France CHAP. XXV Of the war to what end the Sauages doe make war The Orations of the Sauages Captaines their surprises the maner to foretell the euent of the war the succession of Captaines the Sauages armes of excellent Archers from whence comes the word Militia the cause of the Sauages feare their maner of marching in War a warlike dance how the Sauages doe vse the victory of the Victime sacrifice Punishment the Sauages will not fall into their enemies hands the trophies of their enemies heads of the ancient Gaullois of the moderne Hungarians CHAP. XXVI Of Funerals the lamenting for the dead the burying of them is a worke of humanity the custome of the Sauages in this respect of the preseruing of the dead bodies of the mourning of the Persians Aegyptians Romans Gascons Brasilians Floridians Souriquois Hebrewes Queenes of France Thracians Locrians ancient Christians the burning of the moueable goods of the deceassed a faire lesson to the Couetous the customes of the Phrigians Latins Hebrewes Gaullois Germains and Sauages for this respect the burying of the dead What people doe bury them who burne them and who preserue them Of the funerall gifts shut vp in the sepulchers of the dead the same reprooued the couetousnesse of the Infringers of Sepulchers Noua Francia The three late voyages and plan tation of Monsieur De MONTS of Monsieur Du Pont grauè and of Monsieur De Poutrincourt into the Countries called by the Frenchmen La Cadia lying to the Southwest of Cap Breton together with an excellent seuerall Treatie of all the commodities of the said Countries and maners of the naturall inhabitants of the same CHAP. I. The Patent of the French King to Monsieur DE MONTS for the inhabiting of the Countries of La Cadia Canada and other places in new France HENRY by the grace of God King of France and Naturre To our deare and welbeloued the Lord of Monts one of the ordinarie Gentlemen of our Chamber greeting
Indeed I doe not wonder if a people poore and naked bee theeuish but when the heart is malicious it is vnexcusable This people is such that they must be handled with terrour for if through loue and gentlenesse one giue them too free accesse they will practise some surprise as it hath beene knowen in diuers occasions heeretofore and will yet heereafter beseene And without deferring any longer the second day after our comming thither as they saw our people busie awishing linnen they came some fifty one following another with bowes arrowes and quiuers intending to play some bad part as it was coniectured vpon their maner of proceeding but they were preuented some of our men going to meet them with their muskets and matches at the cocke which made some of them run away and the others being compassed in hauing put downe their weapons came to a Peninsule or small head of an Iland where our men were and making a friendly shew demanded to trucke the Tabacco they had for our merchandises The next day the Captaine of the said place and Port came into Monsieur De Poutrincourts barke to see him we did maruell to see him accompanied with Olmechin seeing the way was maruellous long to come thither by land and much shorter by sea That gaue cause of bad suspition albeit he had promised his loue to the Frenchmen Notwithstanding they were gently receiued And Monsieur De Poutrincourt gaue to the said Olmechin a complet garment wherewith being clothed he viewed himselfe in a glasse and did laugh to see himselfe in that order But a little while after feeling that the same hindred him although it was in October when he was returned vnto his Cabins he distributed it to sundry of his men to the end that one alone should not be ouerpestered with it This ought to be a sufficient lesson to so many finnical both men and women of these parts who cause their garments and brest-plates to be made as hard and stiffe as wood wherein their bodies are so miserably tormented that they are in their clothes vnable to all good actions And if the weather be too hot they suffer in their great bummes with a thousand folds vnsupportable heats that are more vntolerable than the torments which felons and criminall men are sometimes made to feele Now during the time that the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt was there being in doubt whether Monsieur De Monts would come to make an habitation on that coast as he wished it he made there a peece of ground to be tilled for to sow corne and to plant vines which they did with the helpe of our Apothecary Master Lewes Hebert a man who besides his experience in his art taketh great delight in the tilling of the ground And the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt may be heere compared to good father Noah who after he had made the tillage most necessarie for the sowing of corne he began to plant the vine whose effects he felt afterwards As they were a deliberating to passe farther Olmechin came to the Barke to see Monsieur De Poutrincourt where hauing taried certaine houres either in talking or eating he said that the next day 100. boates should come containing euery one six men but the comming of such a number of men being but troublesome Monsieur De Poutrincourt would not tarry for them but went away the same day to Malebarre not without much difficultie by reason of the great streames and sholds that are there So that the Barke hauing touched at three foot of water onely we thought to be cast away and we began to vnlade her and put the victuals into the Shaloup which was behinde for to saue vs on land but being no full sea the barke came aflote within an houre All this Sea is a land ouerflowed as that of Mount Saint Michels a sandy ground in which all that resteth is a plaine flat country as far as the Mountaines which are seene 15. leagues off from that place And I am of opinion that as far as Virginia it is all alike Moreouer there is heere great quantity of grapes as before and a country very full of people Monsieur De Monts being come to Malebarre in an other season of the yeare gathered onely greene grapes which he made to be preserued and brought some to the King But it was our good hap to come thither in October for to see the maturity thereof I haue heere before shewed the difficulty that is found in entering into Malebarre This is the cause why Monsieur De Poutrincourt came not in with his Barke but went thither with a shaloup onely which thirty or forty Sauages did helpe to draw in and when it was full tide but the tide doth not mount heere but two fadames high which is seldome seene he went out and retired himselfe into his said barke to passe further in the morning as soone as hee should ordaine it CHAP. XV. Dangers vnknowen languages the making of a forge and of an ouen Crosses set vp plenty a conspiracy disobedience murther the flight of three hundred against tenne the agility of the Armouchiquois bad company dangerous the accident of a Musket that did burst the insolency of the Sauages their timorosity impiety and flight the fortunate Port a bad sea reuenge the counsell and resolution for the returne new perils Gods fauours the arriuall of Monsieur De Poutrincourt at Port Royall and how he was receiued THe night beginning to giue place to the dawning of the day the sailes are hoised vp but it was but a very perilous nauigation For with this small vessell they were forced to coast the land where they found no depth going backe to sea it was yet woorse in such wise that they did strike twice or thrice being raised vp againe onely by the waues and the rudder was broken which was a dreadfull thing In this extremity they were constrained to cast anker in the sea at two fadams deepe and three leagues off from the land Which being done Daniel Hay a man which taketh pleasure in shewing foorth his vertue in the perils of the sea was sent towards the Coast to view it and see if there were any Port. And as he was neere land he saw a Sauage which did daunce singing yo yo yo he called him to come neerer and by signes asked him if there were any place to retire ships in and where any fresh water was The Sauage hauing made signe there was he tooke him into his shaloup and brought him to the Barke wherein was Chkoudun Captaine of the riuer of Oigoudi otherwise Saint Iohns riuer who being brought before this Sauage he vnderstood him no more than did our owne people true it is that by signes he comprehended better than they what he would say This Sauage shewed the places where no depth was and where was any and did so well indenting and winding heere
and there alway the led in hand that in the end they came to the Port shewed by him where small depth is wherein the barke being arriued diligence was vsed to make a forge for to mend her with her rudder and an ouen to bake bread because there was no more bisket left Fifteene daies were imployed in this worke during the which Monsieur De Poutrincourt according to the laudable custome of Christians made a Crosse to be framed and set vp vpon a greene bancke as Monsieur De Monts had done two yeeres before at Kinibeki and Malebarre Now among these painefull exercises they gaue not ouer makeing good cheere with that which both the sea and the land might furnish in that part For in this Port is plentie of fowle in taking of which many of our men applied themselues specially the sea larkes are there in so great flights that Monsieur De Poutrincourt killed 28. of them with one Caliuer shot As for fishes there be such abundance of Porpeses and another kinde of fish called by Frenchmen Soufleurs that is to say Blowers that the sea seemes to be all couered ouer with them But they had not the things necessary for this kinde of fishing they contented themselues then with shell-fish as of Oysters Skalops periwincles whereof there was enough to be satisfied The Sauages of the other side did bring fish and grapes within baskets made of rushes for to exchange with some of our wares The said Monsieur De Poutrincourt seeing the grapes there maruellously faire commanded him that waited on his chamber to lay vp in the Barke a burthen of the vines from whence the said grapes were taken Our Apothecary M. Lewes Hebert desirous to inhabit in those countries had pulled out a good quantity of them to the end to plant them in Port Royall where none o◠them are although the soyle be there very fit for vines Which neuerthelesse by a dull forgetfulnesse was not done to the great discontent of the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt and of vs all After certaine daies the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt seeing there great assembly of Sauages came ashore and to giue them some terrour made to march before him one of his men flourishing with two naked swords Whereat they much wondred but yet much more when they saw that our Muskets did pierce thicke peeces of wood where their arrowes could not so much as scratch And therefore they neuer assailed our men as long as they kept watch And it had beene good to sound the Trumpet at euery houres end as Captaine Iames Quartier did For as Monsieur De Poutrincourt doth often say One must neuer laie bait for theeues meaning that one must neuer giue cause to an enemy to thinke that he may surprise you But one must alwaies shew that he is mistrusted and that you are not asleepe chiefely when one hath to doe with Sauages which will neuer set vpon him that resolutely expects them which was not performed in this place by them that bought the bargain of their negligence very deare as we will now tell you Fifteene daies being expired the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt seeing his barke mended and nothing remaining to be done but a batch of bread he went some 3. leagues distant within the land to see if he might discouer any singularity But in his returne he and his men perceaued the Sauages running away thorow the woods in diuers troupes of 20. 30. and more some bowing themselues as men that would not be seene others hiding themselues in the grasse not to be perceiued others carrying away their stuffe and Canowes full of corne for to betake them to their heeles Besides the women transporting their children and such stuffe as they could with them Those actions gaue cause to Monsieur De Poutrincourt to thinke that this people did plot some bad enterprise Therefore being arriued he commanded his people which were a making of bread to retire themselues into their Barke But as yong people doe often forget their duty these hauing some cake or such like thing to make had rather follow their likerish appetite than to doe that which was commanded them taried till night without retiring themselues About midnight Monsieur De Poutrincourt thinking vpon that which had passed the day before did aske whether they were in the barke and hearing they were not he sent the shaloupe vnto them to command and bring them aboord whereto they disobaied except his Chamberlain who feared his master They were fiue armed with muskets and swords which were warned to stand still vpon their guard and yet being negligent made not any watch so much were they addicted to their owne wils The report was that they had before shot off two muskets vpon the Sauages bicause that some one of them had stolne a hatchet Finally those Sauages either prouoked by that or by their bad nature came at the breake of day without any noise which was very easie to them hauing neither horses waggons nor woodden-shooes euen to the place where they were asleepe And seeing a fit opportunity to play a bad part they set vpon them with shots of arrowes and clubs and killed two of them The rest being hurt began to crie out running towards the sea shoare Then hee which kept watch within the barke cried out all affrighted O Lord our men are killed our men are killed At this voice and cry euery one rose vp and hastily not taking leasure to fit on their cloathes nor to set fire to their matches ten of them went into the shaloup whose names I do not remember but of Monsieur Champlein Robert Grauè Monsieur Du Pont his sonne Daniel Hay the Chirurgion the Apothecary and the Trumpeter All which following the said Monsieur De Poutrincourt who had his sonne with him came aland vnarmed But the Sauages ran away as fast as euer they could though they were aboue three hundred besides them that were hidden in the grasse according to their custome which appeared not Wherein is to be noted how God fixeth I know not what terror in the face of the faithfull against infidels and miscreants according to his sacred word when he saith to his chosen people None shal be able to stand before you The Lord your God shall put a terrour and feare of you ouer all the earth vpon which you shall march So we see that 135000. Madianites able fighting men ran away and killed one another before Gedeon which had but 300. men Now to thinke to follow after these Sauages it had beene but labour lost for they are too swift in running But if one had Horses there they might pay them home very soundly for they haue a number of small paths leading from one place to another which is not in Port Royall and their woods are not so thicke and haue besides store of open land Whilest that
signe of diuinitie in a mortall man to helpe and aide an other mortall man These people then enioying the fruits of the vse of trades and tillage of the ground will beleeue all that shall be told them in auditum auris at the first voice that shal sound in their eares and of this haue I certain proofes because I haue knowen them wholly disposed thereunto by the communication they had with vs and there bee some of them that are Christians in minde do performe the acts of it in such wise as they can though they be not baptised among whom I will name Chkoudun Captaine alias Sagamos of the riuer of Saint Iohn mentioned in the beginning of this worke who whensoeuer he eateth lifteth vp his eies to heauen and maketh the signe of the crosse because he hath seene vs doe so yea at our praiers he did kneele downe as we did And because he hath seene a great crosse planted neere to our fort he hath made the like at his house and in all his cabins and carieth one at his brest saying that he is no more a Sauage and acknowledging plainly that they are beasts so hee saith in his language but that he is like vnto vs desiring to be instructed That which I say of this man I may affirme the same almost of all the others And though he should be alone yet hee is capable being instructed to bring in all the rest The Armouchiquois are a great people which haue likewise no adoration and being setled because they manure the ground one may easily make a congregation of them and exhort them to that which is for their saluation They are vicious and bloody men as we haue said heeretofore but this insolencie proceeds for that they feele themselues strong by reason of their multitude and because they liue more at ease than the others reaping the fruits of the earth Their countrie is not yet well knowen but in that small part that wee haue discouered I finde they haue conformitie with them of Virginia except in the superstition error in that which concerneth our subiect for as much as the Virginians doe begin to haue some opinion of a superior thing in nature which gouerneth heere this world They beleeue in many gods as an English Historian that dwelt there reporteth which they call Montóac but of sundry sorts and degrees One alone is chiefe and great who hath euer beene who purposing to make the world made first other gods for to be meanes and instruments wherewith he might serue himselfe in the Creation and in the gouernment Then afterwards the Sunne the Moone and the Starres as demy gods and instruments of the other Principall order They hold that the woman was first made which by coniunction with one of the gods had children All these people doe generally beleeue the immortality of the soule and that after death good men are in rest and the wicked in paine Now them that they esteeme to be the wicked are their enemies and they the good men In such sort that in their opinion they shall all after death be well at ease and specially when they haue well defended their country and killed many of their enemies And as touching the resurrection of the bodies there are yet some nations in those parts that haue some glimpse of it For the Virginians doe tell tales of certaine men risen againe which say strange things As of one wicked man who after his death had beene neere to the mouth of Popogusso which is their Hell but a god saued him and gaue him leaue to come againe into the world for to tell his friends what they ought to doe for to auoide the comming into this miserable torment Item that yeare that the English men were there it came to passe within 60. leagues off from them as said the Virginians that a body was vnburied like to the first and did shew that being dead in the pit his soule was aliue and had trauelled very farre thorow a long and large way on both sides of which did grow very faire and pleasant trees bearing the rarest fruits that can be seene and that in the end he came to very faire houses neere to the which he found his father which was dead who expresly commanded him to returne backe and to declare vnto his frinds the good which it behooued them to doe for to enioy the pleasures of this place And that after he had done his message he should come thither againe The generall History of the West Indies reporteth that before the comming of the Spaniards into Perou they of Cusco and thereabout did likewise beleeue the resurrection of the bodies For seeing that the Spaniards with a cursed auarice opening the sepulchers for to haue the gold and the riches that were in them did cast and scatter the bones of the dead heere and there they praied them not to scatter them so to the end that the same should not hinder them from rising againe which is a more perfect beleefe than that of the Sadduces and of the Greekes which the Gospell and the Acts of the Apostles witnesse vnto vs that they scoffed at the resurrection as also almost all the heathen antiquity hath done Some of our Westerne Indians expecting this resurrection haue esteemed that the soules of the good did got into heauen them of the wicked into a great pit or hole which they thinke to be far off towards the Sunne setting which they call Popogusso there to burne for euer and such is the beleefe of the Virginians The others as the Brasilians that the wicked goe with Aignan which is the euill spirit that tormenteth them but as for the good that they went behinde the Mountaines to dance and make good cheere with their fathers Many of the ancient Christians grounded vpon certaine places of Esdras of S. Paul and others haue thought that after death our soules were sequestred into places vnder the earth as in Abrahams bosome attending the iudgement of God And there Origen hath thought that they are as in a Schoole of soules and place of instruction where they learne the causes and reasons of the things they haue seene on the Earth and by reasoning make iudgements of consequences of things past and of things to come But such opinions haue beene reiected by the resolution of the Doctours of Sorbone in the time of King Philip the faire and since by the Councell of Florence Now if the Christians haue held that opinion is it much to these poore Sauages to bee entred in those opinions that we haue recited of them As concerning the worshipping of their gods of all them that be out of the Spanish dominion I finde none but the Virginians that vse any diuine seruice vnlesse we will also comprehend therein that which the Floridians doe which we will recite heereafter They then represent their gods in the shape of a man which they call
three nights continually and without eating And all the Paraoustis that be his allies and friendes doe the like mourning cutting halfe their haires as well men as women in token of loue And that done there be some women ordained who during the time of six Moones doe lamente the death of their Paraousti three times a day crying with a loud voice in the morning at noone and at night which is the fashion of the Roman Praefices of whom we haue not long since spoken For that which is of the mourning apparell our Souriquois doe paint their faces all with blacke which maketh them to seeme very hidious But the Hebrewes were more reprouable who did scotch their faces in the time of mourning and did shaue their haires as saith the Prophet Ieremie which was vsuall among them of great antiquity By reason whereof the same was forbidden them by the law of God in Leuiticus You shall not cut round the corners of your haires neither marre the tufts of your beards and you shall not cut your flesh for the dead nor make any print of a marke vpon you I am the Lord. And in Deuteronomie you are the children of the Lord your God you shall not cut your selues nor make any baldnesse betweene your eies for the dead Which was also forbidden by the Romans in the lawes of the twelue tables Herodotus and Diodorus doe say that the Aegyptians chiefly in their Kings funerals did rent their garments and besmeered their faces yea all their heads and assembling themselues twise a day did march in round singing the vertues of their King did abstaine from sodden meats from liuing creatures from wine and from all daintie fare during the space of 70. daies without any washing nor lying on any bed much lesse to haue the company of their wiues alwaies lamenting The ancient mourning of our Queenes of France for as for our Kings they weare no mourning apparell was in white colour and therefore after the death of their husbands they kept the names of Roines blanches white Queenes But the common mourning of others is at this day in blacke qui sub personarisus est For all these mournings are but deceits and of a hundred there is not one but is glad of such a weed This is the cause that the ancient Thracians were more wise who did celebrate the birth of man with teares and their funerals with ioy shewing that by death we are deliuered from all calamities wherewith we are borne and are in rest Heraclides speaking of the Locrois saith that they make not any mourning for the dead but rather banckets and great reioycing And the wise Solon knowing the foresaid abuses doth abolish all those renting of cloathes of those weeping fellowes and would not that so many clamors should be made ouer the dead as Plutarch saith in his life The Christians yet more wise did in ancient time sing Alleluia at their burials and this verse of the Psalme Reuertere anima mea in requiem tuam quia Dominus benefecit tibi And now my soule sith thou art safe returne vnto thy rest For largely loe the Lord to thee his bounty hath exprest Notwithstanding because that we are men subiect to ioy to griefe and to other motions and perturbations of minde which at the first motion are not in our power as saith the Philosopher weeping is not a thing to be blamed whether it be in considering our fraile condition and subiect to so many harmes be it for the losse of that which we did loue and held deerely Holy personages haue bene touched with those passions and our Sauiour himselfe wept ouer the Sepulchre of Lazarus brother to the holy Magdalein But one must not suffer himselfe to be carried away with sorrow nor make ostentations of clamors wherewith very often the heart is neuer a whit touched Whereupon the wise sonne of Sirach doth giue vs an aduertisement saying Weepe for the dead for he hath lost the light of this life but make small weeping because he is in rest After that our Sauages had wept for Panoniac they went to the place where his cabin was whilst hee did liue and there they did burne all that hee had left his bowes arrowes quiuers his Beuers skinnes his Tabacco without which they cannot liue his dogs and other his small mooueables to the end that no body should quarrell for his succession The same sheweth how little they care for the goods of this world giuing thereby a goodly lesson to them who by right or wrong doe runne after this siluer diuell and very often doe breake their necks or if they catch what they desire it is in making bankerout with God and spoiling the poore whether it be with open warre or vnder colour of iustice A faire lesson I say to those couetous vnsatiable Tantalusses who take so much paines and murther so many creatures to seeke out hell in the depth of the earth that is to say the treasures which our Sauiour doth call the Riches of iniquitie A faire lesson also for them of whom Saint Hierome speaketh treating of the life of Clearks There bee some saith he who doe giue a little thing for an alme to the end to haue it againe with great vsurie and vnder colour of giuing some thing they seeke after riches which is rather a hunting than an almes So are beasts birds and fishes taken A small bait is put to a hooke to the end to catch at it silly womens purses And in the Epitaph of Nepotian to Heliodore Some saith he doe heape money vpon money and making their purses to burst out by certaine kinde of seruices they catch at a suare the richesse of good matrons and become richer being Monkes then they were being secular And for this couetousnesse the regular and secular haue beene by imperiall Edicts excluded from legacies whereof the same doth complaine not for the thing but for that the cause thereof hath beene giuen Let vs come againe to our burning of goods The first people that had not yet couetousnesse rooted in their hearts did the same as our Sauages do For the Phrygians or Troyians did bring to the Latins the vse of burning not onely of mooueables but also of the dead bodies making high piles of wood for that effect as Aeneas did in the funerals of Misenus robore secto Ingentem struxere pyram Then the body being washed and annointed they did cast all his garments vpon the pile of wood frankincense meats and they powred on it oile wine honie leaues flowers violets roses ointments of good smell and other things as may be seene by ancient histories and inscriptions And for to continue that which I haue said of Misenus Virgil doth adde Purpureásque super vestes velamina nota Conijciunt pars ingenti subiere feretro c. congesta cremantur Thura dona dapes fuso crateres oliuo And speaking of the funerals of
Babylon containing that he of her successors that had neede of mony should make it to be opened and that he should finde there euen as much as he would haue Whereof Darius willing to make triall found in it nothing else but other letters speaking in this sorte Vnlesse thou wert a wicked man and vnsatiable thou wouldst not haue through couetousnesse so troubled the quiet of the dead and broken downe their Sepulchers I would thinke this custome to haue beene onely among the Heathen were it not that I finde in Iosephus his history that Salomon did put in the Sepulcher of Dauid his father aboue three millions of gould which were rifled thirteene hundred yeeres after This custome to put gould into the Sepulchers being come euen to the Romans was forbidden by the twelue tables also the excessiue expences that many did make in watering the bodies with precious liquors and other mysteries that we haue recited heeretofore And notwithstanding many simple and foolish men and women did ordaine by will and testament that one should bury with their bodies their ornamentes ringes and iewels which the Greekes did call entaphia as there is a forme seene of it reported by the lawyer Scaeuola in the bookes of the Digestes Which was reprooued by Papiniam and Vlpian likewise ciuill lawyers in such sort that for the abuse thereof the Romans were constrained to cause that the Censors of the womens ornamentes did condemne as simple and effeminated them that did such thinges as Pluturch saith in the liues of Solon and Sylla Therefore the best course is to keepe the modesty of the ancient Patriarches and euen of king Cyrus whom we haue mentioned before on whose tombe was this inscription reported by Arrian Thou that passest by whomsoeuer thou beest and from what parte soeuer thou commest for I am sure that thou wilt come I am that Cyrus who got the dominion to the Persians I pray thee enuie not this little parcell of grounde which couereth my poore body So then our Sauages are not excusable in putting all the best ornamentes they haue into the Sepulchers of the dead seeing they might reape commodity by them But one may answer for them that they haue this custome euen from their fathers beginning for we see that almost from the very time of the floud the like hath beene done in this hither world and giuing to their dead their furres Matachias Bowes Arrowes and Quiuers they were thinges that they had no neede of And notwithstanding this doth not cleere the Spaniardes from blame who haue robbed the Sepulchers of the Indians of Perou and cast the bones on the dunghill nor our owne men that haue done the like in taking away the Beuers skinne in our New-France as I haue said heeretofore For as Isodorus saith of Damiette in an Epistle It is the parte of enemies voide of all humanitie to robbe the bodies of the dead which cannot defende themselues Nature it selfe hath giuen this to many that hatred doth ceasse after death and doe reconcile themselues with the deceassed But riches make the couetous to become enemies to the dead against whom they haue nothing to say who torment their bones with reproach and iniury And therefore not without cause haue the ancient Emperors made lawes and ordained rigorous paines against the spoilers and destroiers of Sepulchers All praises be giuen to God The Errata PAge 8. for I le of Sand or Sablon or Sand. read I le of Sablon or Sand. p. 9. for Pourtrincourt r. Poutrincourt p. 14. for Peron r. Perou p. 42. for haue raised r. haue beene raised ib for toones r. tonnes p. 52. for Point r. Pont. Idle and banished men imploied in this businesse The setting foorth out of New-hauen Danger A perillous storme Winde commonly good in March for the New found lands The I le of Sablon or Sand. Port du Rossignol Le Port da Moutton Capitol Milan About 100. Planters Deliberation vpon the returne into France Store of Conies The English Porte Campseau Port. Note heere the good nature and diligence of the Sauages La Baye des Iles. The Ice cōmeth farther to the South than Campseau Monsieur Du Pont goeth to Canada to trade for Furres Cap De Sable or the Sandie Cape Saint Maries Baye Faire place to inhabite Mines of Iron and Siluer An accident of a man lost in the woods the space of 16. daies La Baye Françoise The riuer of L' Equille Port Royal. A Copper Mine In the 28. and 29 chap. of the second booke of the whole volume vntranslated Things first to be prouided in new Plantation Nota. Esaiah 52. vers 5. Patronius Arbiter Ecclesiast 31. ver 8. 9. 10. Diamonds Turky stones Saint Iohns Riuer Dangerous comming in The fall of a Riuer 1608. Vines Great grapes among the Armouchiquois Abundance of fishes The Commoditie of voyaging by the riuer The I le of S. Croix 20. leagues from S Iohns riuer He that will possesse a land ought to place himselfe in the maine or firme land Returne to the Baie of Saint Marie where the lost man was found again The long I le Cheries Plin. lib. 7. Cap. 2. Iohn Wier in the treatie De ieiuniis comment Ibidem Ibidem Euagrius lib. 1. of the Ecclesiasticall historie cap. 3. Baronius vpon the Martyrol Rom. 9. Ian◠The Sauage submit themselues to the censure of Monsieur De Monts in in their variances The fathers authoritie in mariage The cause the of Sauagespleaded before Monsieur De Monts Store of Salmons Beuers Matachias be laces beades bracelets or such trinckets The description of the I le of Saint Croix The fruitfulnesse of the Soile The Iland halfe a league in compasse Store of Mussels Enuy vpon the priuiledge granted to Monsieur De Monts vpon Beuers The returne of Monsieur De Poutrincourt into France The first perill The second danger Necessitie maketh vs seeke to God The diuellishnesse of reuengefull desire The third danger Their return at New hauen The fourth perill The building at the I le of S. Croix Three discōmodities in wintering at S. Croix Wickednesse of manie Christians The riuer of Roan Vnknowen Sicknesses The number of the dead and sicke Dangerous moneths Hippocrates Northerly people subiect to the land disease of New France Olaus magnus Lib. 16. cap. 5◠Euill disposition of the body corrupteth the meates A medicine for the stone It is in the 9. booke ca. 38 This is to be noted Sorbut or Scoruie The opening of a dead bodie Causes of the said disease In the beginning of the book De aere aquu loc What foode causeth the land disease Bad waters Plin. li. 25. 〈…〉 Stomaccacè Scelotyrbè Britannica an herbe Strabo Monsieur d◠Ioinuille The Gouitres of Sauoye What aire is against health Windes What windes be healthfull and vnhealthfull The windes haue not one and the selfe same qualitie in all places Lib. 3 cap. 3. Olam magnus Lib. 1. Cap. 10. Sicke folkes and beasts doe feele the