examinâ—â—_n judgement_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n la._n you_o deny_v not_o but_o by_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o england_n the_o kings-bench_n may_v examine_v the_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n ph._n it_o be_v true_a but_o why_o may_v not_o also_o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n do_v the_o same_o especial_o if_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o judgement_n be_v against_o equity_n and_o not_o against_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o law_n la._n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o that_o for_o the_o same_o court_n may_v examine_v both_o the_o letter_n and_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o statute_n ph._n you_o see_v by_o this_o that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o court_n can_v easy_o be_v distinguish_v but_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o his_o parliament_n the_o lawyer_n themselves_o can_v do_v it_o for_o you_o see_v what_o contention_n there_o be_v between_o court_n as_o well_o as_o between_o particular_a men._n and_o whereas_o you_o say_v that_o law_n of_o 4_o 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exceed_a great_a penalty_n ordain_v by_o the_o law_n for_o they_o that_o shall_v deny_v it_o but_o sir_n edw._n coke_n as_o he_o have_v you_o see_v in_o many_o place_n before_o have_v put_v a_o fallacy_n upon_o himself_o by_o not_o distinguish_v between_o commit_v and_o transfer_v he_o that_o transfer_v his_o power_n have_v deprive_v himself_o of_o it_o but_o he_o that_o commit_v it_o to_o another_o to_o be_v exercise_v in_o his_o name_n and_o under_o he_o be_v still_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o same_o power_n and_o therefore_o if_o a_o man_n render_v himself_o that_o be_v to_o say_v appeal_v to_o the_o king_n from_o any_o judge_n whatsoever_o the_o king_n may_v receive_v his_o appeal_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v effectual_a la._n beside_o these_o 2_o court_n the_o kings-bench_n for_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n for_o cause_n civil_a according_a to_o the_o common-law_n of_o england_n there_o be_v another_o court_n of_o justice_n that_o have_v 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especial_o near_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o very_a great_a river_n whether_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o sea_n or_o within_o the_o land_n for_o the_o river_n also_o be_v as_o well_o as_o their_o bank_n within_o or_o a_o part_n of_o one_o country_n or_o other_o la._n true_o the_o question_n be_v difficult_a and_o there_o have_v be_v many_o suit_n about_o it_o wherein_o the_o question_n have_v be_v who_o jurisdiction_n it_o be_v in_o ph._n nor_o do_v i_o see_v how_o it_o can_v be_v decide_v but_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o case_n it_o be_v not_o declare_v in_o the_o lord_n admiral_n letter_n patent_n la._n but_o though_o there_o be_v in_o the_o letter_n patent_n a_o power_n give_v to_o hold_v plea_n in_o some_o certain_a case_n to_o any_o of_o the_o statute_n concern_v the_o admiralty_n the_o justice_n of_o the_o common-law_n may_v send_v a_o prohibition_n to_o that_o court_n to_o proceed_v in_o the_o plea_n though_o it_o be_v with_o a_o non-obstante_a of_o any_o statute_n ph._n methinks_v that_o that_o shall_v be_v against_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o can_v be_v take_v from_o it_o by_o any_o subject_a for_o that_o argument_n of_o sir_n edw._n coke_n that_o the_o king_n have_v give_v away_o all_o his_o judicial_a power_n be_v worth_a nothing_o because_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o he_o can_v give_v away_o the_o essential_a right_n of_o his_o crown_n and_o because_o by_o a_o non-obstante_a he_o declare_v he_o be_v not_o deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n la._n but_o you_o may_v see_v by_o the_o precedent_n allege_v by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n the_o contrary_a have_v be_v perpetual_o practise_v ph._n i_o see_v not_o that_o perpetual_o for_o who_o can_v tell_v but_o there_o may_v have_v be_v give_v other_o judgement_n in_o such_o case_n
little_a worth_n if_o they_o tend_v not_o to_o the_o preservation_n and_o improvement_n of_o man_n life_n see_v then_o without_o humane_a law_n all_o thing_n will_v be_v common_a and_o this_o community_n a_o cause_n of_o encroachment_n envy_n slaughter_n and_o continual_a war_n of_o one_o upon_o another_o the_o same_o law_n of_o reason_n dictate_v to_o mankind_n for_o their_o own_o preservation_n a_o distribution_n of_o land_n and_o good_n that_o each_o man_n may_v know_v what_o be_v proper_a to_o he_o so_o as_o none_o other_o may_v pretend_v a_o right_a thereunto_o or_o disturb_v he_o in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o same_o this_o distribution_n be_v justice_n and_o this_o proper_o be_v the_o same_o which_o we_o say_v be_v one_o own_v by_o which_o you_o may_v see_v the_o great_a necessity_n there_o be_v of_o statute_n law_n for_o preservation_n of_o all_o mankind_n it_o be_v also_o a_o dictate_v of_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n that_o statute_n law_n be_v a_o necessary_a mean_n of_o the_o 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not_o know_v in_o what_o condition_n we_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conqueror_n when_o it_o be_v a_o shame_n to_o be_v a_o englishman_n who_o if_o he_o grumble_v at_o the_o base_a office_n he_o be_v put_v to_o by_o his_o norman_a master_n receive_v no_o other_o answer_n but_o this_o thou_o be_v but_o a_o englishman_n nor_o can_v the_o people_n nor_o any_o man_n that_o humour_n they_o in_o their_o disobedience_n produce_v any_o example_n of_o a_o king_n that_o ever_o raise_v any_o excessive_a summ_n either_o by_o himself_o or_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o parliament_n but_o when_o they_o have_v great_a need_n thereof_o nor_o can_v show_v any_o reason_n that_o may_v move_v any_o of_o they_o so_o to_o do_v the_o great_a complaint_n by_o they_o make_v against_o the_o unthriftiness_n of_o their_o king_n be_v for_o the_o enrich_n now_o and_o then_o a_o favourite_n which_o to_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v inconsiderable_a and_o the_o complaint_n but_o envy_n but_o in_o this_o point_n of_o raise_v soldier_n what_o be_v i_o pray_v you_o the_o statute_n law_n la._n the_o last_o statute_n concern_v it_o be_v 13_o car._n 2._o c._n 6._o by_o which_o the_o supreme_a government_n command_n and_o dispose_v of_o the_o militia_n of_o england_n be_v deliver_v to_o be_v and_o always_o to_o have_v be_v the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o there_o be_v also_o in_o the_o same_o act_n a_o proviso_n that_o this_o shall_v not_o be_v construe_v for_o a_o declaration_n that_o the_o king_n may_v transport_v his_o subject_n or_o compel_v they_o to_o march_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o be_v it_o on_o the_o contrary_n declare_v to_o be_v unlawful_a ph._n why_o be_v not_o that_o also_o determine_v la._n i_o can_v imagine_v cause_n enough_o for_o it_o though_o i_o may_v be_v deceive_v we_o love_v to_o have_v our_o king_n among_o we_o and_o not_o be_v govern_v by_o deputy_n either_o of_o our_o own_o or_o another_o nation_n but_o this_o i_o very_o believe_v that_o if_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n shall_v either_o invade_v we_o or_o put_v himself_o in_o it_o a_o readiness_n to_o invade_v either_o england_n ireland_n or_o scotland_n no_o parliament_n then_o sit_v and_o the_o king_n send_v english_a soldier_n thither_o the_o parliament_n will_v give_v he_o thanks_o for_o it_o the_o subject_n of_o those_o king_n who_o affect_v the_o glory_n and_o imitate_v the_o action_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a have_v not_o always_o the_o most_o comfortable_a life_n nor_o do_v such_o king_n usual_o very_o long_o enjoy_v their_o conquest_n they_o march_z to_z and_o fro_o perpetual_o as_o upon_o a_o plank_n sustain_v only_o in_o the_o midst_n and_o when_o one_o end_n rise_v down_o go_v the_o other_o ph._n it_o be_v well_o but_o where_o soldier_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n conscience_n be_v indeed_o necessary_a as_o in_o a_o insurrection_n or_o rebellion_n at_o home_n how_o shall_v the_o kingdom_n be_v preserve_v without_o a_o considerable_a army_n ready_a and_o in_o pay_v how_o shall_v money_n be_v raise_v for_o this_o army_n especial_o when_o the_o want_n of_o public_a treasure_n invit_v neighbour_n king_n to_o encroach_v and_o unruly_a subject_n to_o rebel_n la_fw-fr i_o can_v tell_v it_o be_v matter_n of_o polity_n not_o of_o law_n but_o i_o know_v that_o there_o be_v statute_n express_v whereby_o the_o king_n have_v oblige_v himself_o never_o to_o levy_v money_n upon_o his_o subject_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o parliament_n one_o of_o which_o statute_n be_v 25_o ed._n 1._o c._n 6._o in_o these_o word_n we_o have_v grant_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n as_o well_o to_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o other_o folk_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n as_o also_o earl_n baron_n and_o to_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o land_n that_o for_o no_o business_n from_o henceforth_o we_o shall_v take_v such_o aid_n tax_n or_o prize_n but_o by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v also_o another_o statute_n of_o ed._n 1._o in_o these_o word_n no_o tax_n or_o aid_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o levey_v by_o we_o or_o our_o heir_n in_o our_o realm_n without_o the_o good_a will_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n earls_z baron_n knight_n burgess_n and_o other_o freeman_n of_o the_o land_n which_o statute_n have_v be_v since_o that_o time_n confirm_v by_o divers_a other_o king_n and_o last_o by_o the_o king_n that_o now_o reign_v ph._n all_o this_o i_o know_v and_o be_o not_o satisfy_v i_o be_o one_o of_o the_o common_a people_n and_o one_o of_o that_o almost_o infinite_a number_n of_o man_n for_o who_o welfare_n king_n and_o other_o sovereign_n be_v by_o god_n ordain_v for_o
enemy_n there_o be_v no_o end_n for_o the_o war_n will_v continue_v by_o a_o perpetual_a subdivision_n and_o when_o it_o end_v they_o will_v be_v in_o the_o same_o estate_n they_o be_v before_o that_o they_o be_v often_o abuse_v by_o man_n who_o to_o they_o seem_v wise_a when_o then_o their_o wisdom_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o envy_n to_o those_o that_o be_v in_o grace_n and_o in_o profitable_a employment_n and_o that_o those_o man_n do_v but_o abuse_v the_o common_a people_n to_o their_o own_o end_n that_o set_v up_o a_o private_a man_n propriety_n against_o the_o public_a safety_n but_o say_v withal_o that_o the_o king_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n both_o write_a and_o unwritten_a and_o to_o no_o other_o and_o so_o be_v william_n the_o conqueror_n who_o right_a it_o all_o descend_v to_o our_o present_a king_n la._n as_o to_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n which_o be_v equity_n it_o be_v sure_a enough_o there_o be_v but_o one_o legislator_n which_o be_v god_n ph._n it_o 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kingdom_n since_o the_o abolish_n of_o popery_n be_v the_o king_n law_n and_o those_o also_o that_o be_v make_v before_o for_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n be_v no_o law_n neither_o here_o nor_o any_o where_o else_o without_o the_o pope_n temporal_a dominion_n far_o than_o king_n and_o state_n in_o their_o several_a dominion_n respective_o do_v make_v they_o so_o ph._n i_o grant_v that_o but_o you_o must_v grant_v also_o that_o those_o spiritual_a law_n legislator_n of_o the_o spiritual_a law_n and_o yet_o not_o all_o king_n and_o state_n make_v law_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o but_o our_o king_n here_o be_v so_o far_o bind_v to_o their_o assent_n as_o he_o shall_v judge_v conduce_v to_o the_o good_a and_o safety_n of_o his_o people_n for_o example_n if_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o shall_v advise_v he_o to_o restore_v those_o law_n spiritual_a which_o in_o queen_n mary_n time_n be_v in_o force_n i_o think_v the_o king_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n oblige_v without_o the_o help_n of_o any_o other_o law_n of_o god_n to_o neglect_v such_o advice_n la._n i_o grant_v you_o that_o the_o king_n be_v sole_a legislator_n but_o with_o this_o restriction_n that_o if_o he_o will_v not_o consult_v with_o the_o lord_n of_o parliament_n and_o hear_v the_o complaint_n and_o information_n of_o the_o commons_o that_o be_v best_a acquaint_v with_o their_o own_o want_n he_o sin_v against_o god_n though_o he_o can_v be_v compel_v to_o any_o thing_n by_o his_o subject_n by_o arm_n and_o force_n ph._n we_o be_v agree_v upon_o that_o already_o since_o therefore_o the_o king_n be_v sole_a legislator_n i_o think_v it_o also_o reason_n he_o shall_v be_v sole_a supreme_a judge_n la._n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n of_o that_o for_o otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v no_o congruity_n of_o judgement_n with_o the_o law_n i_o grant_v also_o that_o he_o be_v the_o supreme_a judge_n over_o all_o person_n judge_n and_o in_o all_o cause_n civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a within_o his_o own_o dominion_n not_o only_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n at_o this_o time_n but_o that_o he_o have_v ever_o be_v so_o by_o the_o common-law_n for_o the_o judge_n of_o both_o the_o bench_n have_v their_o office_n by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n and_o so_o as_o to_o judicature_n have_v the_o bishop_n also_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n have_v his_o office_n by_o receive_v from_o the_o king_n the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n and_o to_o say_v all_o at_o once_o there_o be_v no_o magistrate_n or_o commissioner_n for_o public_a business_n neither_o of_o judicature_n nor_o execution_n in_o state_n or_o church_n in_o peace_n or_o war_n but_o he_o be_v make_v so_o by_o authority_n from_o the_o king_n ph._n it_o be_v true_a but_o perhaps_o you_o may_v â—â—ink_v otherwise_o when_o you_o read_v such_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o say_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v â—ave_n power_n and_o authority_n to_o do_v this_o or_o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o act_n as_o eliz._n c._n 1._o that_o your_o highness_n your_o heir_n and_o successor_n king_n or_o queen_n of_o this_o realm_n shall_v have_v â—â—ll_v power_n and_o authority_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o act_n by_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n to_o assign_v etc._n etc._n be_v it_o not_o this_o parliament_n that_o give_v this_o authority_n to_o the_o queen_n la._n for_o the_o statute_n in_o this_o clause_n be_v no_o more_o than_o as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n use_v to_o speak_v a_o affirmance_n of_o the_o common-law_n for_o she_o be_v head_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n may_v make_v commissioner_n for_o the_o deâ—iding_n of_o matter_n ecclesiastical_a as_o free_o â—s_v if_o she_o have_v be_v pope_n who_o do_v you_o know_v pretend_v his_o right_n from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n ph._n we_o have_v hitherto_o speak_v of_o law_n without_o consider_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o essence_n of_o a_o law_n and_o now_o unless_o we_o define_v the_o word_n law_n we_o can_v go_v no_o â—arther_o without_o ambiguity_n and_o fallacy_n which_o will_v be_v but_o loss_n of_o time_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o agreement_n upon_o our_o word_n will_v enlighten_v all_o we_o have_v to_o say_v â—hereafter_o la._n i_o do_v not_o remember_v the_o definition_n of_o law_n in_o any_o statute_n ph._n i_o think_v so_o for_o the_o statute_n be_v make_v by_o authority_n and_o not_o draw_v from_o any_o other_o principle_n than_o the_o care_n of_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n statute_n be_v not_o philosophy_n as_o be_v the_o common-law_n and_o other_o disputable_a art_n but_o be_v command_n or_o prohibition_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v obey_v because_o assent_v to_o by_o submission_n make_v to_o the_o conqueror_n here_o in_o england_n and_o to_o whosoever_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n in_o other_o common_a wealth_n so_o that_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o all_o place_n be_v statute_n the_o definition_n of_o law_n be_v therefore_o unnecessary_a for_o the_o maker_n of_o statute_n though_o very_o necessary_a to_o they_o who_o work_n it_o be_v to_o teach_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o law_n la._n there_o be_v a_o accurate_a definition_n of_o a_o law_n in_o bracton_n cite_v by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n lex_fw-la est_fw-la sanctio_fw-la justa_fw-la jubens_fw-la honesta_fw-la &_o prohibens_fw-la contraria_fw-la ph._n that_o be_v to_o say_v law_n be_v a_o just_a statute_n command_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v honest_a and_o forbid_v the_o contrary_a from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o in_o all_o case_n it_o must_v be_v the_o honesty_n or_o dishonesty_n that_o make_v the_o command_n a_o law_n whereas_o you_o know_v that_o but_o for_o the_o law_n we_o can_v not_o as_o say_v st._n paul_n have_v know_v what_o be_v sin_n therefore_o this_o definition_n be_v no_o ground_n at_o all_o for_o any_o far_a discourse_n of_o law_n beside_o you_o know_v the_o rule_n of_o honest_a and_o dishonest_a refer_v to_o honour_n and_o that_o it_o be_v justice_n only_o and_o injustice_n that_o the_o law_n respect_v but_o that_o which_o i_o most_o except_v against_o in_o this_o definition_n be_v that_o it_o suppose_v that_o a_o statute_n make_v by_o the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o a_o nation_n may_v be_v unjust_a there_o may_v indeed_o in_o a_o statute_n law_n make_v by_o man_n be_v find_v iniquity_n but_o not_o injustice_n la._n this_o be_v somewhat_o subtle_a i_o pray_v deal_v plain_o what_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o injustice_n and_o iniquity_n ph._n i_o pray_v you_o tell_v i_o first_o what_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o a_o court_n of_o equity_n la._n a_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v that_o which_o have_v cognizance_n of_o such_o cause_n as_o be_v to_o be_v end_v by_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o a_o
word_n in_o their_o letter_n patent_n constituimus_fw-la vos_fw-la justitiarium_fw-la nostrum_fw-la capitalem_fw-la ad_fw-la placita_fw-la coram_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenenda_fw-la durante_fw-la beneplacito_fw-la nostro_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v we_o have_v make_v you_o our_o chief-justice_n to_o hold_v plea_n before_o ourselves_o during_o our_o pleasure_n but_o this_o writ_n though_o it_o be_v short_a do_v not_o at_o all_o abridge_v the_o power_n they_o have_v by_o the_o former_a and_o for_o the_o letter_n patent_n for_o the_o chief-justice_n of_o the_o common-plea_n they_o go_v thus_o constituimus_fw-la dilectum_fw-la &_o fidelem_fw-la etc._n etc._n capitalem_fw-la justitiarium_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la banco_n habendum_fw-la etc._n etc._n quamdiu_fw-la nobis_fw-la placuerit_fw-la cum_fw-la vadiis_fw-la &_o foedis_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la debitis_fw-la &_o consuetis_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la we_o have_v constitute_v our_o belove_a and_o faithful_a etc._n etc._n chief-justice_n of_o the_o common-bench_n to_o have_v etc._n etc._n during_o our_o pleasure_n with_o the_o way_n and_o fee_n thereunto_o heretofore_o due_a and_o usual_a ph._n i_o find_v in_o history_n that_o there_o have_v be_v in_o england_n always_o a_o chancellor_n and_o a_o chief-justice_n of_o england_n but_o of_o a_o court_n of_o common-plea_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n before_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la common-plea_n there_o be_v ever_o both_o here_o and_o i_o think_v in_o all_o nation_n for_o common-plea_n and_o civil-plea_n i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o same_o la._n before_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la common-plea_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n grant_v 2_o inst._n p._n 21._o may_v have_v be_v hold_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n and_o that_o court_n be_v removable_a at_o the_o king_n will_v the_o return_v of_o writ_n be_v coram_fw-la nobis_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la fuerimus_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it whereby_o great_a trouble_n of_o juror_n ensue_v and_o great_a charge_n of_o the_o party_n and_o delay_n of_o justice_n and_o that_o for_o these_o cause_v it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o common-plea_n shall_v not_o follow_v the_o king_n but_o be_v hold_v in_o a_o place_n certain_a ph._n here_o sir_n edw._n coke_n declare_v his_o opinion_n that_o no_o common-plea_n can_v be_v hold_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n in_o that_o he_o say_v they_o may_v have_v be_v hold_v then_o and_o yet_o this_o do_v not_o amount_v to_o any_o probable_a proof_n that_o there_o be_v any_o court_n of_o common-plea_n in_o england_n before_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la for_o this_o statute_n be_v to_o ease_v the_o juror_n and_o lessen_v the_o charge_n of_o party_n and_o for_o the_o expedition_n of_o justice_n have_v be_v in_o vain_a if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o court_n of_o common-plea_n then_o stand_v for_o such_o a_o court_n be_v not_o necessary_o to_o follow_v the_o king_n as_o be_v the_o chancery_n and_o the_o kings-bench_n beside_o unless_o the_o kings-bench_n wheresoever_o it_o be_v hold_v plea_n of_o civil_a cause_n the_o subject_n have_v not_o at_o all_o be_v ease_v by_o this_o statute_n for_o suppose_v the_o king_n at_o york_n have_v not_o the_o king_n subject_n about_o london_n juror_n and_o party_n as_o much_o trouble_n and_o charge_v to_o go_v to_o york_n as_o the_o people_n about_o york_n have_v before_o to_o go_v to_o london_n therefore_o i_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n believe_v otherwise_o then_o that_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o that_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 11._o and_o before_o that_o time_n not_o existent_a though_o i_o think_v that_o for_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o suit_n in_o a_o great_a kingdom_n there_o be_v need_n of_o it_o la._n perhaps_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o need_v of_o it_o as_o you_o think_v for_o in_o those_o time_n the_o law_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v in_o settle_v rather_o than_o settle_v and_o the_o old_a saxon_a law_n concern_v inheritance_n be_v then_o practise_v by_o which_o law_n speedy_a justice_n be_v execute_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n in_o the_o court_n of_o baron_n which_o be_v landlord_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o freeholder_n and_o suit_n of_o baron_n in_o county-court_n and_o but_o few_o suit_n in_o the_o king_n court_n but_o when_o justice_n can_v not_o be_v have_v in_o those_o inferior_a court_n but_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v more_o suit_n in_o the_o king_n court_n than_o any_o one_o court_n can_v dispatch_v ph._n why_o shall_v there_o be_v more_o suit_n now_o than_o former_o for_o i_o believe_v this_o kingdom_n be_v as_o well_o people_v then_o as_o now_o la._n sir_n edw._n coke_n 4_o inst._n p._n 76._o assign_v for_o it_o six_o cause_n 1._o peace_n 2._o plenty_n 3._o the_o dissolution_n of_o religious_a house_n and_o disperse_v of_o their_o land_n among_o so_o many_o several_a person_n 4._o the_o multitude_n of_o informer_n 5._o the_o number_n of_o concealer_n 6._o the_o multitude_n of_o attorney_n ph._n i_o see_v sir_n edw._n coke_n have_v no_o mind_n to_o lay_v any_o fault_n upon_o the_o man_n of_o his_o own_o profession_n and_o that_o he_o assign_v for_o cause_n of_o the_o mischief_n such_o thing_n as_o will_v be_v mischief_n and_o wickedness_n to_o amend_v for_o if_o peace_n and_o plenty_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o evil_a it_o can_v be_v remove_v but_o by_o war_n and_o beggary_n and_o the_o quarrel_n arise_v about_o the_o land_n of_o religious_a person_n can_v arise_v from_o the_o land_n but_o from_o the_o doubtfulness_n of_o the_o law_n and_o for_o informer_n they_o be_v authorize_v by_o statute_n to_o the_o execution_n of_o which_o statute_n they_o be_v so_o necessary_a as_o that_o their_o number_n can_v be_v too_o great_a and_o if_o it_o be_v too_o great_a the_o fault_n be_v in_o the_o law_n itself_o the_o number_n of_o concealer_n be_v indeed_o a_o number_n of_o cousener_n which_o the_o law_n may_v easy_o correct_v and_o last_o for_o the_o multitude_n of_o attorney_n it_o be_v the_o fault_n of_o they_o that_o have_v the_o power_n to_o admit_v or_o refuse_v they_o for_o my_o part_n i_o believe_v that_o man_n at_o this_o day_n have_v better_o learn_v the_o art_n of_o cavil_v against_o the_o word_n of_o a_o statute_n than_o heretofore_o they_o have_v and_o thereby_o encourage_v themselves_o and_o other_o to_o undertake_v suit_n upon_o little_a reason_n also_o the_o variety_n and_o repugnancy_n of_o judgement_n of_o common-law_n do_v oftentimes_o put_v man_n to_o hope_v for_o victory_n in_o cause_n whereof_o in_o reason_n they_o have_v no_o ground_n at_o all_o also_o the_o ignorance_n of_o what_o be_v equity_n in_o their_o own_o cause_n which_o equity_n not_o one_o man_n in_o a_o thousand_o ever_o study_v and_o the_o lawyer_n themselves_o seek_v not_o for_o their_o judgement_n in_o their_o own_o breast_n but_o in_o the_o precedent_n of_o former_a judge_n as_o the_o ancient_a judge_n seek_v the_o same_o not_o in_o their_o own_o reason_n but_o in_o the_o law_n of_o the_o empire_n another_o and_o perhaps_o the_o great_a cause_n of_o multitude_n of_o suit_n be_v this_o that_o for_o want_v of_o register_n of_o conveyance_n of_o land_n which_o may_v easy_o be_v do_v in_o the_o township_n where_o the_o land_n lie_v a_o purchase_n can_v easy_o be_v have_v which_o will_v not_o be_v litigious_a last_o i_o believe_v the_o covetousness_n of_o lawyer_n be_v not_o so_o great_a in_o ancient_a time_n which_o be_v full_a of_o trouble_n as_o they_o have_v be_v since_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n wherein_o man_n have_v leisure_n to_o study_v fraud_n and_o get_v employment_n from_o such_o man_n as_o can_v encourage_v to_o contention_n and_o how_o ample_a a_o field_n they_o have_v to_o exercise_v this_o mystery_n in_o be_v manifest_a from_o this_o that_o they_o have_v a_o power_n to_o scan_n and_o construe_v every_o word_n in_o a_o statute_n charter_n feoffment_n lease_n or_o other_o deed_n evidence_n or_o testimony_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o court_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n where_o as_o you_o say_v it_o have_v power_n to_o correct_v and_o amend_v the_o error_n of_o all_o other_o judge_n both_o in_o process_n and_o in_o judgement_n can_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o common-plea_n correct_v error_n in_o process_n in_o their_o own_o court_n without_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n from_o another_o court_n la._n yes_o and_o there_o be_v many_o statute_n which_o command_v they_o so_o to_o do_v ph._n when_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o kings-bench_n be_v it_o either_o error_n in_o process_n or_o in_o law_n at_o who_o charge_n be_v it_o to_o be_v do_v la._n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o client_n ph._n i_o see_v no_o reason_n for_o that_o for_o the_o client_n be_v not_o in_o fault_n who_o never_o begin_v a_o suit_n but_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n learned_a in_o the_o law_n who_o he_o pay_v for_o his_o council_n give_v be_v not_o
whatsoever_o be_v repugnant_a to_o those_o 4_o general_a council_n for_o if_o they_o have_v i_o believe_v the_o anabaptist_n of_o which_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n in_o those_o time_n will_v one_o time_n or_o other_o have_v be_v question_v upon_o this_o article_n of_o the_o nicene_n creed_n i_o believe_v one_o baptism_n for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n nor_o be_v the_o commission_n itself_o for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o register_v that_o man_n may_v in_o such_o uncertainty_n take_v heed_n and_o abstain_v for_o their_o better_a safety_n from_o speak_v of_o religion_n any_o thing_n at_o all_o but_o by_o what_o law_n be_v this_o heretic_n legat_n burn_v i_o grant_v he_o be_v a_o arian_n and_o his_o heresy_n contrary_a to_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n in_o the_o high_a point_n of_o christianity_n but_o see_v there_o be_v no_o statute-law_n to_o burn_v he_o and_o no_o penalty_n forbid_v by_o what_o law_n by_o what_o authority_n be_v he_o burn_v la._n that_o this_o legate_n be_v accuse_v of_o heresy_n be_v no_o fault_n of_o the_o high_a commissioner_n but_o when_o he_o be_v accuse_v it_o have_v be_v a_o fault_n in_o they_o not_o to_o have_v examine_v he_o or_o have_v examine_v he_o and_o find_v he_o a_o arian_n not_o to_o have_v judge_v he_o so_o or_o not_o to_o have_v certify_v he_o so_o all_o this_o they_o do_v and_o this_o be_v all_o that_o belong_v unto_o they_o they_o meddle_v not_o with_o his_o burn_a but_o leave_v he_o to_o the_o secular_a power_n to_o do_v with_o he_o what_o they_o please_v ph._n your_o justification_n of_o the_o commissioner_n be_v nothing_o to_o the_o question_n the_o question_n be_v by_o what_o law_n he_o be_v burn_v the_o spiritual-law_n give_v no_o sentence_n of_o temporal_a punishment_n and_o sir_n edw._n coke_n confess_v that_o he_o can_v not_o be_v burn_v and_o burn_v forbid_v by_o statute-law_n by_o what_o law_n then_o be_v he_o burn_v la._n by_o the_o common-law_n ph._n what_o be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o custom_n for_o before_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o there_o be_v no_o such_o custom_n in_o england_n for_o if_o there_o have_v yet_o those_o law_n that_o come_v after_o be_v but_o confirmation_n of_o the_o custom_n and_o therefore_o the_o repeal_n of_o those_o law_n be_v a_o repeal_n of_o the_o custom_n for_o when_o king_n ed._n the_o 6_o and_o queen_n eliz._n abolish_v those_o statute_n they_o abolish_v all_o pain_n and_o consequent_o burn_v or_o else_o they_o have_v abolish_v nothing_o and_o if_o you_o will_v say_v he_o be_v burn_v by_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n you_o must_v tell_v i_o how_o there_o can_v be_v proportion_n between_o doctrine_n and_o burn_a there_o can_v be_v no_o equality_n nor_o majority_n nor_o minority_n assign_v between_o they_o the_o proportion_n that_o be_v between_o they_o be_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o mischief_n which_o the_o doctrine_n make_v to_o the_o mischief_n to_o be_v inflict_v on_o the_o doctor_n and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v measure_v only_o by_o he_o that_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o govern_v the_o people_n and_o consequent_o the_o punish_v of_o offence_n can_v be_v determine_v by_o none_o but_o by_o the_o king_n and_o that_o if_o it_o extend_v to_o life_n or_o member_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o parliament_n la._n he_o do_v not_o draw_v any_o argument_n for_o it_o from_o reason_n but_o allege_v for_o it_o this_o judgement_n execute_v upon_o legate_n and_o a_o story_n out_o of_o hollingshed_n and_o stow_n but_o i_o know_v that_o neither_o history_n nor_o precedent_n will_v pass_v with_o you_o for_o law_n and_o though_o there_o be_v a_o writ_n de_fw-fr haeretico_fw-la comburendo_fw-la in_o the_o register_n as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o fitzherbert_n ground_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o h._n 4._o cap._n 15._o and_o 2_o h._n 5._o cap._n 7._o yet_o see_v those_o statute_n be_v void_a you_o will_v say_v the_o write_v be_v also_o void_a ph._n yes_o indeed_o will_v i._o beside_o this_o i_o understand_v not_o how_o that_o be_v true_a that_o he_o say_v that_o the_o diocesan_n have_v jurisdiction_n of_o heresy_n and_o that_o so_o it_o be_v put_v in_o ure_n in_o all_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n whereas_o by_o the_o statute_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o all_o jurisdiction_n spiritual_a be_v give_v under_o the_o queen_n to_o the_o high_a commissioner_n how_o then_o can_v any_o one_o diocesan_n have_v any_o part_n thereof_o without_o deputation_n from_o they_o which_o by_o their_o letter_n patent_n they_o can_v not_o grant_v nor_o be_v it_o reasonable_a they_o shall_v for_o the_o trust_n be_v not_o commit_v to_o the_o bishop_n only_o but_o also_o to_o divers_a lay-person_n who_o may_v have_v a_o eye_n upon_o their_o proceed_n lest_o they_o shall_v encroach_v upon_o the_o power_n temporal_a but_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v neither_o statute_n nor_o any_o law_n to_o punish_v doctrine_n but_o the_o ordinary_a power_n ecclesiastical_a and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n only_o authorize_v by_o the_o king_n the_o high_a commission_n be_v long_o since_o abolish_v therefore_o let_v we_o come_v now_o to_o such_o cause_n criminal_a as_o be_v not_o capital_a of_o praemunire_n la._n the_o great_a offence_n not_o capital_a be_v that_o which_o be_v do_v against_o the_o statute_n of_o prouiso_n ph._n you_o have_v need_n to_o expound_v this_o la._n this_o crime_n be_v not_o unlike_a to_o that_o for_o which_o a_o man_n be_v outlaw_v when_o he_o will_v not_o come_v in_o and_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o law_n save_v that_o in_o outlawry_n there_o be_v a_o long_a process_n to_o precede_v it_o and_o he_o that_o be_v outlaw_v be_v put_v out_o of_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n but_o for_o the_o offence_n against_o the_o statute_n of_o provisor_n which_o be_v call_v praemunire_n facias_fw-la from_o the_o word_n in_o the_o original_a write_v if_o the_o offender_n submit_v not_o himself_o to_o the_o law_n within_o the_o space_n of_o 2_o month_n after_o notice_n he_o be_v present_o a_o outlaw_n and_o this_o punishment_n if_o not_o capital_a be_v equivalent_a to_o capital_a for_o he_o live_v secret_o at_o the_o mercy_n of_o those_o that_o know_v where_o he_o be_v and_o can_v without_o the_o like_a peril_n to_o themselves_o but_o discover_v he_o and_o it_o have_v be_v much_o dispute_v before_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n whether_o he_o may_v not_o be_v lawful_o kill_v by_o any_o man_n that_o will_v as_o one_o may_v kill_v a_o wolf_n it_o be_v like_o the_o punishment_n among_o the_o old_a roman_n of_o be_v bar_v the_o use_n of_o fire_n and_o water_n and_o like_o the_o great_a excommunication_n in_o the_o papacy_n when_o a_o man_n may_v not_o eat_v or_o drink_v with_o the_o offender_n without_o incur_v the_o like_a penalty_n ph._n certain_o the_o offence_n for_o which_o this_o punishment_n be_v first_o ordain_v be_v some_o abominable_a crime_n or_o of_o extraordinary_a mischief_n la._n so_o it_o be_v for_o the_o pope_n you_o know_v from_o long_a before_o the_o conquest_n encroach_v every_o day_n upon_o the_o power_n temporal_a whatsoever_o can_v be_v make_v to_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o ordine_fw-la ad_fw-la spiritualia_fw-la be_v in_o every_o commonwealth_n claim_v and_o hale_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o for_o that_o end_n in_o every_o country_n he_o have_v his_o court_n ecclesiastical_a and_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o cause_n temporal_a which_o he_o can_v not_o by_o one_o shift_n or_o other_o hook_n into_o his_o jurisdiction_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o to_o have_v it_o try_v in_o his_o own_o court_n at_o rome_n or_o in_o france_n or_o in_o england_n itself_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o king_n law_n be_v not_o regard_v judgement_n give_v in_o the_o king_n court_n be_v avoid_v and_o presentation_n to_o bishopric_n abbey_n and_o other_o benefice_n found_v and_o endow_v by_o the_o king_n and_o nobility_n of_o england_n be_v bestow_v by_o the_o pope_n upon_o stranger_n or_o such_o as_o with_o money_n in_o their_o purse_n can_v travel_v to_o rome_n to_o provide_v themselves_o of_o such_o benefice_n and_o suitable_o hereunto_o when_o there_o be_v a_o question_n about_o a_o tithe_n or_o a_o will_n though_o the_o point_n be_v mere_o temporal_a yet_o the_o pope_n court_n here_o will_v fetch_v they_o in_o or_o else_o one_o of_o the_o party_n will_v appeal_v to_o rome_n against_o these_o injury_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o to_o maintain_v the_o right_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n ed._n 1._o make_v a_o statute_n concern_v provisor_n that_o be_v such_o as_o provide_v themselves_o with_o benefice_n here_o from_o rome_n for_o in_o the_o 25_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o ordain_v in_o a_o full_a parliament_n that_o the_o right_n of_o election_n of_o
justice_n la._n the_o judgement_n for_o felony_n be_v ph._n heresy_n be_v before_o felony_n in_o the_o catalogue_n of_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n la._n he_o have_v omit_v the_o judgement_n against_o a_o heretic_n because_o i_o think_v no_o jury_n confine_v heresy_n nor_o no_o judge_n temporal_a do_v ever_o pronounce_v judgement_n upon_o it_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o h._n 5._o c._n 7._o be_v that_o the_o bishop_n have_v convict_v any_o man_n of_o heresy_n shall_v deliver_v he_o to_o the_o sheriff_n and_o that_o the_o sheriff_n shall_v believe_v the_o bishop_n the_o sheriff_n therefore_o be_v bind_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o h._n 4._o after_o he_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o to_o burn_v he_o but_o that_o statute_n be_v repeal_v the_o sheriff_n can_v not_o burn_v he_o without_o a_o writ_n de_fw-fr heretico_fw-la comburendo_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o sheriff_n burn_v legate_n 9_o king_n james_n by_o that_o writ_n which_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common-law_n at_o that_o time_n and_o in_o that_o writ_n the_o judgement_n be_v express_v ph._n this_o be_v strange_a reason_n when_o sir_n edw._n coke_n know_v and_o confess_v that_o the_o statute_n upon_o which_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr heretico_fw-la comburendo_fw-la be_v ground_v be_v all_o repeal_v how_o can_v he_o think_v the_o writ_n itself_o can_v be_v in_o force_n or_o that_o the_o statute_n which_o repeal_v the_o statute_n for_o burn_a heretic_n be_v not_o make_v with_o a_o intent_n to_o forbid_v such_o burn_n it_o be_v manifest_a he_o understand_v not_o his_o book_n of_o common-law_n for_o in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 4._o and_o hen._n 5._o the_o word_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v the_o sheriff_n warrant_n and_o there_o be_v need_n of_o no_o such_o writ_n nor_o can_v he_o till_o the_o 25_o hen._n 8._o when_o those_o statute_n be_v repeal_v and_o a_o writ_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o put_v into_o the_o register_n which_o write_v fitzherbert_n cite_v in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la again_o in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n be_v publish_v a_o correct_a register_n of_o original_a and_o judicial_a writ_n and_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr haeretico_fw-la comburendo_fw-la leave_v out_o because_o that_o statute_n of_o 25_o h._n 8._o and_o all_o statute_n against_o heretic_n be_v repeal_v and_o burn_v forbid_v and_o whereas_o he_o cit_v for_o the_o grant_n of_o this_o writ_n 9_o jac._n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n the_o lord_n chief_a baron_n and_o two_o justice_n of_o the_o common-plea_n it_o be_v as_o to_o all_o but_o the_o lord_n chief_a against_o the_o law_n for_o neither_o the_o judge_n of_o common-plea_n nor_o of_o the_o exchequer_n can_v hold_v plea_n of_o the_o crown_n without_o special_a commission_n and_o if_o they_o can_v hold_v plea_n they_o can_v condemn_v la._n the_o punishment_n for_o felony_n be_v that_o the_o felon_n be_v hang_v by_o the_o neck_n till_o he_o be_v dead_a and_o to_o prove_v that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o he_o cite_v a_o sentence_n from_o whence_o i_o know_v not_o quod_fw-la non_fw-la licet_fw-la felonem_fw-la pro_fw-la felonia_n decollare_fw-la ph._n it_o be_v not_o indeed_o lawful_a for_o the_o sheriff_n of_o his_o own_o head_n to_o do_v it_o or_o to_o do_v otherwise_o than_o be_v command_v in_o the_o judgement_n nor_o for_o the_o judge_n to_o give_v any_o other_o judgement_n than_o according_a to_o statute-law_n or_o the_o usage_n consent_v to_o by_o the_o king_n but_o this_o hinder_v not_o the_o king_n from_o alter_v his_o law_n concern_v judgement_n if_o he_o see_v good_a cause_n la._n the_o king_n may_v do_v so_o if_o he_o please_v and_o sir_n edw._n coke_n tell_v you_o how_o he_o alter_v particular_a judgement_n in_o case_n of_o felony_n and_o show_v that_o judgement_n be_v give_v upon_o a_o lord_n in_o parliament_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v hang_v he_o be_v nevertheless_o behead_v and_o that_o another_o lord_n have_v the_o like_a judgement_n for_o another_o felony_n and_o be_v not_o hang_v but_o behead_v and_o withal_o he_o show_v you_o the_o inconveniency_n of_o such_o proceed_n because_o say_v he_o if_o hang_a may_v be_v alter_v to_o behead_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o may_v be_v alter_v to_o burn_a ston_a to_o death_n etc._n etc._n ph._n perhaps_o there_o may_v be_v inconveniency_n in_o it_o but_o it_o be_v more_o than_o i_o see_v or_o he_o show_v nor_o do_v there_o happen_v any_o inconveniency_n from_o the_o execution_n he_o cit_v beside_o he_o grant_v that_o death_n be_v ultimum_fw-la supplicium_fw-la be_v a_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o law_n but_o what_o be_v all_o this_o to_o the_o purpose_n when_o it_o belong_v not_o to_o consider_v such_o inconvenience_n of_o government_n but_o to_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n or_o who_o from_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o depute_a judge_n can_v derive_v a_o power_n to_o censure_v the_o action_n of_o a_o king_n that_o have_v depute_v he_o la._n for_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n by_o misfortune_n there_o be_v he_o say_v no_o express_a judgement_n nor_o for_o kill_v a_o man_n in_o one_o own_o defence_n but_o he_o say_v that_o the_o law_n have_v in_o both_o case_n give_v judgement_n that_o he_o that_o so_o kill_v a_o man_n shall_v forfeit_v all_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n debt_n and_o duty_n ph._n if_o we_o consider_v what_o sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v 1_o inst._n sect._n 745._o at_o the_o word_n felony_n these_o judgement_n be_v very_o favourable_a for_o there_o he_o say_v that_o kill_v of_o a_o man_n by_o chance-medley_n or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la be_v felony_n his_o word_n be_v wherefore_o by_o the_o law_n at_o this_o day_n under_o the_o word_n felony_n in_o commission_n etc._n etc._n be_v include_v petit_n treason_n murder_n homicide_n burn_v of_o house_n burglary_n robbery_n rape_n etc._n etc._n chance-medley_n and_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la but_o if_o we_o consider_v only_o the_o intent_n of_o he_o that_o kill_v a_o man_n by_o misfortune_n or_o in_o his_o own_o defence_n the_o same_o judgement_n will_v be_v think_v both_o cruel_a and_o sinful_a judgement_n and_o how_o they_o can_v be_v felony_n at_o this_o day_n can_v be_v understand_v unless_o there_o be_v a_o statute_n to_o make_v they_o so_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o h._n 3._o cap._n 25._o the_o word_n whereof_o murder_n from_o henceforth_o shall_v not_o be_v judge_v before_o our_o justice_n where_o it_o be_v find_v misfortune_n only_o but_o it_o shall_v take_v place_n in_o such_o as_o be_v slay_v by_o felony_n and_o not_o otherwise_o make_v it_o manifest_a if_o they_o be_v felony_n they_o must_v also_o be_v murder_n unless_o they_o have_v be_v make_v felony_n by_o some_o latter_a statute_n la._n there_o be_v no_o such_o latter_a statute_n nor_o be_v it_o to_o say_v in_o commission_n nor_o can_v a_o commission_n or_o any_o thing_n but_o another_o statute_n make_v a_o thing_n felony_n that_o be_v not_o so_o before_o ph._n see_v what_o it_o be_v for_o a_o man_n to_o distinguish_v felony_n into_o several_a sort_n before_o he_o understand_v the_o general_a name_n of_o felony_n what_o it_o mean_v but_o that_o a_o man_n for_o kill_v another_o man_n by_o misfortune_n only_o without_o any_o evil_a purpose_n shall_v forfeit_v all_o his_o good_n and_o chartel_n debt_n and_o duty_n be_v a_o very_a hard_a judgement_n unless_o perhaps_o they_o be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o kindred_n of_o the_o man_n slay_v by_o way_n of_o amends_o for_o damage_n but_o the_o law_n be_v not_o that_o be_v it_o the_o common-law_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n that_o justify_v this_o judgement_n or_o the_o statute-law_n it_o can_v be_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n if_o the_o case_n be_v mere_a misfortune_n if_o a_o man_n be_v upon_o his_o appletree_n to_o gather_v his_o apple_n and_o by_o ill_a fortune_n fall_v down_o and_o light_v on_o the_o head_n of_o another_o man_n kill_v he_o and_o by_o good_a fortune_n save_v himself_o shall_v he_o for_o this_o mischance_n be_v punish_v with_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o good_n to_o the_o king_n do_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n warrant_v this_o he_o shall_v you_o will_v say_n have_v look_v to_o his_o foot_n that_o be_v true_a but_o so_o shall_v he_o that_o be_v under_o have_v look_v up_o to_o the_o tree_n therefore_o in_o this_o case_n the_o law_n of_o reason_n as_o i_o think_v dictate_v that_o they_o ought_v each_o of_o they_o to_o bear_v his_o own_o misfortune_n la._n in_o this_o case_n i_o agree_v with_o you_o ph._n but_o this_o case_n be_v the_o true_a case_n of_o mere_a misfortune_n and_o a_o sufficient_a reprehension_n of_o the_o opinion_n of_o sir_n edw._n coke_n la._n but_o what_o if_o this_o have_v happen_v to_o be_v do_v by_o one_o that_o have_v be_v steal_v apple_n upon_o the_o tree_n
shall_v have_v be_v commend_v you_o see_v by_o this_o that_o many_o thing_n be_v make_v crime_n and_o no_o crime_n which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o their_o own_o nature_n but_o by_o diversity_n of_o law_n make_v upon_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n or_o of_o interest_n by_o they_o which_o have_v authority_n and_o yet_o those_o thing_n whether_o good_a or_o evil_a will_v pass_v so_o with_o the_o vulgar_a if_o they_o hear_v they_o often_o with_o odious_a term_n recite_v for_o heinous_a crime_n in_o themselves_o as_o many_o of_o those_o opinion_n which_o be_v in_o themselves_o pious_a and_o lawful_a be_v heretofore_o by_o the_o pope_n interest_n therein_o call_v detestable_a heresy_n again_o some_o controversy_n be_v of_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n other_o of_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o land_n there_o need_v by_o many_o court_n to_o the_o decide_n of_o so_o many_o kind_n of_o controversy_n what_o order_n be_v there_o take_v for_o their_o distribution_n la._n there_o be_v a_o extraordinary_a 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plea_n every_o court_n may_v hold_v it_o be_v common_o hold_v that_o all_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o of_o all_o offence_n contrary_a to_o the_o peace_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n or_o by_o commissioner_n for_o bracton_n say_v sciendum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la actiones_fw-la sunt_fw-la criminals_n in_o curia_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la debent_fw-la determinari_fw-la cum_fw-la sit_fw-la ibi_fw-la poena_fw-la câ—rporalis_fw-la infligenda_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la coram_fw-la ipso_fw-la rege_fw-la si_fw-la tangat_fw-la personam_fw-la svam_fw-la sicut_fw-la crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la vel_fw-la coram_fw-la justitiariis_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la specialiter_fw-la assignatis_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o if_o the_o plea_n be_v criminal_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v determine_v in_o the_o court_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n because_o there_o they_o have_v power_n to_o inflict_v corporeal_a punishment_n and_o if_o the_o crime_n be_v against_o his_o person_n as_o the_o crime_n of_o treason_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v determine_v before_o the_o king_n himself_o or_o if_o it_o be_v against_o a_o private_a person_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o justice_n assign_v that_o be_v to_o say_v before_o commissioner_n it_o seem_v by_o this_o that_o heretofore_o king_n do_v hear_v and_o determine_v plea_n of_o treason_n against_o themselves_o by_o their_o own_o person_n but_o it_o have_v be_v otherwise_o a_o long_a time_n and_o be_v now_o for_o it_o be_v now_o the_o office_n of_o the_o lord_n steward_n of_o england_n in_o the_o trial_n of_o a_o peer_n to_o hold_v that_o plea_n by_o a_o commission_n especial_o for_o the_o same_o in_o cause_n concern_v meum_fw-la and_o tuum_fw-la the_o king_n may_v sue_v either_o in_o the_o kings-bench_n or_o in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o fitzherbert_n in_o his_o natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la at_o the_o writ_n of_o escheat_n ph._n a_o king_n perhaps_o will_v not_o sit_v to_o determine_v of_o cause_n of_o treason_n against_o his_o person_n lest_o he_o shall_v seem_v to_o make_v himself_o judge_n in_o his_o own_o cause_n but_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v judge_v by_o judge_n of_o his_o own_o make_n can_v never_o be_v avoid_v which_o be_v also_o one_o as_o if_o he_o be_v judge_n himself_o la._n to_o the_o kings-bench_n also_o i_o think_v belong_v the_o hear_v and_o determine_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n whatsoever_o save_v always_o to_o the_o king_n that_o he_o may_v do_v the_o same_o when_o he_o please_v by_o commissioner_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o 3d_o and_o edward_n the_o one_a when_o bracton_n write_v the_o king_n do_v usual_o send_v down_o every_o seven_o year_n into_o the_o country_n commissioner_n call_v justice_n itinerant_a to_o hear_v and_o determine_v general_o all_o cause_n temporal_a both_o criminal_a and_o civil_a who_o place_n have_v be_v now_o a_o long_a time_n supply_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n with_o commission_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n and_o of_o goal-delivery_n ph._n but_o why_o may_v the_o king_n only_o sue_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n or_o court_n of_o common-plea_n which_o he_o will_v and_o no_o other_o person_n may_v do_v the_o same_o la._n there_o be_v no_o statute_n to_o the_o contrary_a but_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o common-law_n for_o sir_n edw._n coke_n 4_o inst._n set_v down_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n which_o he_o say_v have_v first_o jurisdiction_n in_o all_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n second_o the_o correct_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o error_n of_o other_o justice_n and_o judge_n both_o of_o judgement_n and_o process_n except_o of_o the_o court_n of_o exchequer_n which_o he_o say_v be_v to_o this_o court_n proprium_fw-la quarto_fw-la modo_fw-la three_o that_o it_o have_v power_n to_o correct_v all_o misdemeanour_n extrajudicial_a tend_v to_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n or_o oppression_n of_o the_o subject_n or_o raise_v of_o faction_n controversy_n debate_n or_o any_o other_o manner_n of_o misgovernment_n four_o it_o may_v hold_v plea_n by_o writ_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n of_o all_o trespass_n do_v vi_o &_o armis_fw-la five_o it_o have_v power_n to_o hold_v plea_n by_o bill_n for_o debt_n detinu_n covenant_n promise_v and_o all_o other_o personal_a action_n but_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n in_o action_n real_a he_o say_v nothing_o save_v that_o if_o a_o writ_n in_o a_o real_a action_n be_v abate_v by_o judgement_n in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n and_o that_o the_o judgement_n be_v by_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n reverse_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n than_o the_o kings-bench_n may_v proceed_v upon_o the_o writ_n ph._n but_o how_o be_v the_o practice_n la._n real_a action_n be_v common_o decide_v as_o well_o in_o the_o kings-bench_n as_o in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n ph._n when_o the_o kng_v by_o authority_n in_o write_v make_v a_o lord-chief-justice_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n do_v he_o not_o set_v down_o what_o he_o make_v he_o for_o la._n sir_n edw_n coke_n set_v down_o the_o letter_n patent_n whereby_o of_o ancient_a time_n the_o lord_n chief-justice_n be_v constitute_v wherein_o be_v express_v to_o what_o end_n he_o have_v his_o office_n viz._n pro_n conservatione_fw-la nostra_fw-la &_o tranquilitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la justitiam_fw-la universis_fw-la &_o singulis_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la exhibendam_fw-la constituimus_fw-la dilectum_fw-la &_o fidelem_fw-la nostrum_fw-la p._n b._n justitiarium_fw-la angliae_fw-la quamdiu_fw-la nobis_fw-la placuerit_fw-la capitalem_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v to_o say_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o ourselves_o and_o of_o the_o peace_n of_o our_o realm_n and_o for_o the_o do_v of_o justice_n to_o all_o and_o singular_a our_o subject_n we_o have_v constitute_v our_o belove_a and_o faithful_a p._n b._n during_o our_o pleasure_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n ph._n methinks_v it_o be_v very_o plain_a by_o these_o letter_n patent_n that_o all_o cause_n temporal_a within_o the_o kingdom_n except_o the_o plea_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o exchequer_n shall_v be_v decidable_a by_o this_o lord-chief-justice_n for_o as_o for_o cause_n criminal_a and_o that_o concern_v the_o peace_n it_o be_v grant_v he_o in_o these_o word_n for_o the_o conservation_n of_o ourselves_o and_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n wherein_o be_v contain_v all_o plea_n criminal_a and_o in_o the_o do_n of_o justice_n to_o all_o and_o singular_a the_o king_n subject_n be_v comprehend_v all_o plea_n civil_a and_o as_o to_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n it_o be_v manifest_v it_o may_v hold_v all_o manner_n of_o civil-plea_n except_o those_o of_o the_o exchequer_n by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 11._o so_o that_o all_o original_a writ_n concern_v civil-plea_n be_v returnable_a into_o either_o of_o the_o say_a court_n but_o how_o be_v the_o lord-chief-justice_n make_v now_o la._n by_o these_o
king_n of_o those_o time_n have_v not_o mean_n enough_o and_o to_o spare_v if_o god_n be_v not_o their_o enemy_n to_o defend_v their_o people_n against_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o also_o to_o compel_v they_o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n among_o themselves_o ph._n and_o so_o have_v have_v the_o succeed_a king_n if_o they_o have_v never_o give_v their_o right_n away_o and_o their_o subject_n always_o keep_v their_o oath_n and_o promise_n in_o what_o manner_n proceed_v those_o ancient_a saxon_n and_o other_o nation_n of_o germany_n especial_o the_o northern_a part_n to_o the_o make_n of_o their_o law_n la._n sir_n edw._n coke_n out_o of_o divers_a saxon_a law_n gather_v and_o publish_v in_o saxon_n and_o latin_a by_o mr._n lambert_n infer_v that_o the_o saxon_a king_n for_o the_o make_n of_o their_o law_n call_v together_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o be_v use_v at_o this_o day_n in_o england_n but_o by_o those_o law_n of_o the_o saxon_n publish_v by_o mr._n lambert_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o king_n call_v together_o the_o bishop_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o discreet_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o make_v law_n by_o their_o advice_n ph._n i_o think_v so_o for_o there_o be_v no_o king_n in_o the_o world_n be_v of_o ripe_a year_n and_o sound_a mind_n that_o make_v any_o law_n otherwise_o for_o it_o concern_v they_o in_o their_o own_o interest_n to_o make_v such_o law_n as_o the_o people_n can_v endure_v and_o may_v keep_v they_o without_o impatience_n and_o live_v in_o strength_n and_o courage_n to_o defend_v their_o king_n and_o country_n against_o their_o potent_a neighbour_n but_o how_o be_v it_o discern_v and_o by_o who_o be_v it_o determine_v who_o be_v those_o wise_a and_o discreet_a man_n it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n to_o know_v who_o be_v wise_a in_o our_o time_n we_o know_v well_o enough_o who_o choose_v a_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o what_o town_n be_v to_o send_v burgess_n to_o the_o parliament_n therefore_o if_o it_o be_v determine_v also_o in_o those_o day_n who_o those_o wise_a man_n shall_v be_v then_o i_o confess_v that_o the_o parliament_n of_o the_o old_a saxon_n and_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n since_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o sir_n edw._n coke_n be_v in_o the_o right_n tell_v i_o therefore_o if_o you_o can_v when_o those_o town_n which_o now_o send_v burgess_n to_o the_o parliament_n begin_v to_o do_v so_o and_o upon_o what_o cause_n one_o town_n have_v this_o privilege_n and_o another_o town_n though_o much_o more_o populous_a have_v not_o la._n at_o what_o time_n begin_v this_o custom_n i_o can_v tell_v but_o i_o be_o sure_a it_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o city_n of_o salisbury_n because_o there_o come_v two_o burgess_n to_o parliament_n for_o a_o place_n near_o to_o it_o call_v old_a sarum_n which_o as_o i_o rid_v in_o sight_n of_o it_o if_o i_o shall_v tell_v a_o strange_a that_o know_v not_o what_o the_o word_n burgess_n mean_v he_o will_v think_v be_v a_o couple_n of_o rabbit_n the_o place_n look_v so_o like_o a_o long_a coney-burrow_n and_o yet_o a_o good_a argument_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o thence_o that_o the_o townsman_n of_o every_o town_n be_v the_o elector_n of_o their_o own_o burgess_n and_o judge_n of_o their_o discretion_n and_o that_o the_o law_n whether_o they_o be_v discreet_a or_o not_o will_v suppose_v they_o to_o be_v discreet_a till_o the_o contrary_n be_v apparent_a therefore_o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o king_n call_v together_o the_o more_o discreet_a man_n of_o his_o realm_n it_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o such_o election_n as_o be_v now_o in_o use_n by_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o those_o great_a and_o general_a moots_n assemble_v by_o the_o old_a saxon_a king_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o the_o parliament_n assemble_v since_o the_o conquest_n ph._n i_o think_v your_o reason_n be_v good_a for_o i_o can_v conceive_v how_o the_o king_n or_o any_o other_o but_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o borough_n themselves_o can_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o discretion_n or_o sufficiency_n of_o those_o they_o be_v to_o send_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o burgess-town_n since_o it_o be_v not_o mention_v in_o any_o history_n or_o certain_a record_n now_o extant_a it_o be_v free_a for_o any_o man_n to_o propound_v his_o conjecture_n you_o know_v that_o this_o land_n be_v invade_v by_o the_o saxon_n at_o several_a time_n and_o conquer_v by_o piece_n in_o several_a war_n so_o that_o there_o be_v in_o england_n many_o king_n at_o once_o and_o every_o of_o they_o have_v his_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o according_a as_o there_o be_v more_o or_o few_o wall_a town_n within_o each_o king_n dominion_n his_o parliament_n have_v the_o more_o or_o few_o burgess_n but_o when_o all_o these_o lesser_a kingdom_n be_v join_v into_o one_o then_o to_o that_o one_o parliament_n come_v burgess_n from_o all_o the_o burrough_n of_o england_n and_o this_o 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